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Ma SZ, Dong S, Zhou ZY, Ji XY, Zhang YY, Wang XQ, Zhang B. The protective role of Cordyceps cicadae and its active ingredient myriocin against sodium iodate-induced age-related macular degeneration via an anti-necroptotic TNF-RIPK1/3 pathway. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 334:118565. [PMID: 39002821 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/15/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Cordyceps cicadae (C.cicadae), named "Chan Hua", an anamorph of Isaria cicadae Miquel, is an entomogenous complex formed by fungi parasitizing on the larvae of cicadas and belongs to the Claviciptaceae family and the genus Codyceps, which traditionally holds a significant place in Chinese ethnopharmacology, specifically for eye clarity and as a remedy for age-related ocular conditions. The underlying mechanisms contributing to its eyesight enhancement and potential effectiveness against Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) remain unexplored. AIM OF THE STUDY This study aims to elucidate the protective role of C.cicadae and its active ingredient, Myriocin (Myr), against AMD. MATERIALS AND METHODS A chemical inducer was employed to make retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) damage in vitro and in vivo. The key ingredients of C.cicadae and their related mechanisms for anti-AMD were studied through bioinformatic analysis and molecular biological approaches. RESULTS Myr was identified through high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) as an active ingredient in C.cicadae, and demonstrated a protective effect on RPE cells, reducing the structural damage and cell death induced by sodium iodate (SI). Further, Myr reduced eyelid secretions in AMD mice and restored their retinal structure and function. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in Myr treatment are primarily associated with TNF and Necroptosis signaling pathways. Molecular docking indicated a strong affinity between TNF and Myr. Myr inhibited the TNF signaling pathway thereby reducing the expression of inflammatory factors in ARPE-19 cells. Additionally, Myr had consistent action with the necroptosis inhibitor Necrostatin-1 (Nec-1), inhibited the RIPK1/RIPK3/MLKL pathway thereby protecting ARPE-19 cells. CONCLUSION The findings present Myr, as a potent protector against SI-induced AMD, predominantly through modulation of the TNF-RIPK1/RIPK3/MLKL signaling pathway, offering the insights of therapeutic C.cicadae as viable candidates for AMD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shao Zhuang Ma
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal and Edible Plants Resources Development of Sichuan Education Department, Sichuan Industrial Institute of Antibiotics, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University, Chengdu, 610106, PR China; Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Phytomedicine Resources and Utilization, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832002, PR China.
| | - Shi Dong
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal and Edible Plants Resources Development of Sichuan Education Department, Sichuan Industrial Institute of Antibiotics, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University, Chengdu, 610106, PR China; Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Phytomedicine Resources and Utilization, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832002, PR China.
| | - Zong Yuan Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal and Edible Plants Resources Development of Sichuan Education Department, Sichuan Industrial Institute of Antibiotics, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University, Chengdu, 610106, PR China.
| | - Xin Ye Ji
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal and Edible Plants Resources Development of Sichuan Education Department, Sichuan Industrial Institute of Antibiotics, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University, Chengdu, 610106, PR China; Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Phytomedicine Resources and Utilization, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832002, PR China.
| | - Yan Yuan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal and Edible Plants Resources Development of Sichuan Education Department, Sichuan Industrial Institute of Antibiotics, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University, Chengdu, 610106, PR China; Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Phytomedicine Resources and Utilization, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832002, PR China.
| | - Xiao Qin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal and Edible Plants Resources Development of Sichuan Education Department, Sichuan Industrial Institute of Antibiotics, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University, Chengdu, 610106, PR China.
| | - Bo Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal and Edible Plants Resources Development of Sichuan Education Department, Sichuan Industrial Institute of Antibiotics, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University, Chengdu, 610106, PR China; Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Phytomedicine Resources and Utilization, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832002, PR China.
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Pattanaik DK, Lakshminarayanan V, Sharma NK, Sahu AP. Leading edge of the a-wave of the electroretinogram and sodium iodate-induced age-related macular degeneration: A model. J Theor Biol 2024; 592:111879. [PMID: 38909882 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtbi.2024.111879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Iron-induced oxidative stress was thought to be the reason why the a-wave amplitude of the electroretinogram (ERG) dropped when iron ions were present. It is assumed that reactive oxygen species (ROS) are generated in the presence of iron ions, and this leads to a decrease in hyperpolarization of the photoreceptor. It is known that in age-related macular degeneration (AMD), sodium iodate can induce oxidative stress, apoptosis, and retinal damage, which mimic the effects of clinical AMD. Here, the reduction of the a-wave amplitude in mice with sodium iodate-induced age-related macular degeneration is explained. METHODS The leading edge of the a-wave is divided into voltages developed by cones and rods. The same oxidative stress model is applied here since sodium iodate causes the creation of ROS in a manner similar to that caused by iron ions, with the exception that the retina is treated as a circuit of various resistances when computing the photoresponse. Moreover, sodium iodate also leads to apoptosis and, hence, may cause misalignment in cones (not in rods) during the initial stage of apoptosis in AMD. To include the effects of apoptosis and shortening in cones and rods, we have used a factor representing the fraction of total cones and rods that are alive. To include the effect of misalignment of cones on the reduction of the a-wave amplitude, we have used the Stiles-Crawford function to calculate the number of photoisomerizations occurring in a photoreceptor misaligned at an angle θ. The results are compared with experimental data. RESULTS In sodium iodate-treated eyes, the ROS produced can attract calcium ions in the photoreceptor, which increases the calcium influx. In the case of the cones, the inclusion of the misalignment angle in the phototransduction process helps in determining the voltage and slope of the voltage vs. time graph.The smaller the fraction of active photoreceptors, the smaller the amplitude of the a-wave. The calcium influx, misaligned photoreceptors, and total photoreceptor loss all cause the amplitude of the a-wave to decrease, and at any time from the beginning of phototransduction cascade, the calcium influx causes the slope of the a-wave to increase. CONCLUSION The reduction in the a-wave amplitude in the eyes of sodium iodate-treated mice is attributed to oxidative stress in both cones and rods and cone misalignment, which ultimately lead to apoptosis and vision loss in AMD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Vasudevan Lakshminarayanan
- School of Optometry and Vision Science and Departments of Physics, Electrical and Computer Engineering and System Design Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada.
| | | | - Amir Prasad Sahu
- Centurion University of Technology and Management, Bhubaneswar, OR, India.
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Obasanmi G, Uppal M, Cui JZ, Xi J, Ju MJ, Song J, To E, Li S, Khan W, Cheng D, Zhu J, Irani L, Samad I, Zhu J, Yoo HS, Aubert A, Stoddard J, Neuringer M, Granville DJ, Matsubara JA. Granzyme B degrades extracellular matrix and promotes inflammation and choroidal neovascularization. Angiogenesis 2024; 27:351-373. [PMID: 38498232 PMCID: PMC11303490 DOI: 10.1007/s10456-024-09909-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a common retinal neurodegenerative disease among the elderly. Neovascular AMD (nAMD), a leading cause of AMD-related blindness, involves choroidal neovascularization (CNV), which can be suppressed by anti-angiogenic treatments. However, current CNV treatments do not work in all nAMD patients. Here we investigate a novel target for AMD. Granzyme B (GzmB) is a serine protease that promotes aging, chronic inflammation and vascular permeability through the degradation of the extracellular matrix (ECM) and tight junctions. Extracellular GzmB is increased in retina pigment epithelium (RPE) and mast cells in the choroid of the healthy aging outer retina. It is further increased in donor eyes exhibiting features of nAMD and CNV. Here, we show in RPE-choroidal explant cultures that exogenous GzmB degrades the RPE-choroid ECM, promotes retinal/choroidal inflammation and angiogenesis while diminishing anti-angiogenic factor, thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1). The pharmacological inhibition of either GzmB or mast-cell degranulation significantly reduces choroidal angiogenesis. In line with our in vitro data, GzmB-deficiency reduces the extent of laser-induced CNV lesions and the age-related deterioration of electroretinogram (ERG) responses in mice. These findings suggest that targeting GzmB, a serine protease with no known endogenous inhibitors, may be a potential novel therapeutic approach to suppress CNV in nAMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gideon Obasanmi
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, UBC, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Manjosh Uppal
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, UBC, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Jing Z Cui
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, UBC, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Jeanne Xi
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, UBC, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Myeong Jin Ju
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, UBC, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- School of Biomedical Engineering, UBC, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Jun Song
- School of Biomedical Engineering, UBC, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Eleanor To
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, UBC, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Siqi Li
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, UBC, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Wania Khan
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, UBC, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Darian Cheng
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, UBC, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - John Zhu
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, UBC, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Lyden Irani
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, UBC, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Isa Samad
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, UBC, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Julie Zhu
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, UBC, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Hyung-Suk Yoo
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, UBC, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Alexandre Aubert
- International Collaboration On Repair Discoveries (ICORD), Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, University of British Columbia (UBC), Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, UBC, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | | | | | - David J Granville
- International Collaboration On Repair Discoveries (ICORD), Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, University of British Columbia (UBC), Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, UBC, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Joanne A Matsubara
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, UBC, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
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Preya UH, Sayed S, Nguyen NL, Kim JT. Potential role of CTSS in AMDImmune modulatory and anti-angiogenic effects of cathepsin S knockdown in ARPE-19 cells. Exp Eye Res 2024; 245:109981. [PMID: 38914301 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2024.109981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/26/2024]
Abstract
We aimed to determine the role of cathepsin S (CTSS) in modulating oxidative stress-induced immune and inflammatory reactions and angiogenesis in age-related macular degeneration. Human retinal pigment epithelium cells line ARPE-19 (immature) were maintained and treated with H2O2. The expression of CTSS, inflammatory cytokines, and complement factors induced by oxidative stress was compared between cells incubated without (control) and with CTSS knockdown (using small interfering ribonucleic acid; siRNA). To evaluate the role of CTSS in angiogenesis, we assayed tube formation using human umbilical vein endothelial cells and conditioned medium from ARPE-19 cells. We also used a mouse model of laser-induced choroidal neovascularization. CTSS levels were higher in ARPE-19 cells treated with H2O2 than in control cells. Oxidative stress-induced CTSS resulted in significantly elevated transcription of nuclear factor kappa B-dependent inflammatory cytokines, complement factors C3a and C5a, membrane attack complex (C5b-9), and C3a and C5a receptors. siRNA-mediated knockdown of CTSS reduced the number of inflammatory signals. Furthermore, oxidative stress-induced CTSS regulated the expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ and vascular endothelial growth factor A/Akt serine/threonine kinase family signaling, which led to angiogenesis. Tube formation assays and mouse models of choroidal neovascularization revealed that CTSS knockdown ameliorated angiogenesis in vitro and in vivo. The present findings suggest that CTSS modulates the complement pathway, inflammatory reactions, and neovascularization, and that CTSS knockdown induces potent immunomodulatory effects. Hence, it could be a promising target for the prevention and treatment of early- and late-stage age-related macular degeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umma Hafsa Preya
- Ophthalmology Department, School of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Dongjak-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Shithima Sayed
- Ophthalmology Department, School of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Dongjak-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ngoc Lan Nguyen
- Ophthalmology Department, School of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Dongjak-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jee Taek Kim
- Ophthalmology Department, School of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Dongjak-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Chung-Ang University Hospital, Dongjak-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Chucair-Elliott AJ, Ocañas SR, Pham K, Machalinski A, Plafker S, Stout MB, Elliott MH, Freeman WM. Age- and sex- divergent translatomic responses of the mouse retinal pigmented epithelium. Neurobiol Aging 2024; 140:41-59. [PMID: 38723422 PMCID: PMC11173338 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2024.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
Aging is the main risk factor for age-related macular degeneration (AMD), a retinal neurodegenerative disease that leads to irreversible blindness, particularly in people over 60 years old. Retinal pigmented epithelium (RPE) atrophy is an AMD hallmark. Genome-wide chromatin accessibility, DNA methylation, and gene expression studies of AMD and control RPE demonstrate epigenomic/transcriptomic changes occur during AMD onset and progression. However, mechanisms by which molecular alterations of normal aging impair RPE function and contribute to AMD pathogenesis are unclear. Here, we specifically interrogate the RPE translatome with advanced age and across sexes in a novel RPE reporter mouse model. We find differential age- and sex- associated transcript expression with overrepresentation of pathways related to inflammation in the RPE. Concordant with impaired RPE function, the phenotypic changes in the aged translatome suggest that aged RPE becomes immunologically active, in both males and females, with some sex-specific signatures, which supports the need for sex representation for in vivo studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana J Chucair-Elliott
- Genes & Human Disease Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, USA.
| | - Sarah R Ocañas
- Genes & Human Disease Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Kevin Pham
- Genes & Human Disease Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Adeline Machalinski
- Genes & Human Disease Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Scott Plafker
- Aging & Metabolism Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Michael B Stout
- Aging & Metabolism Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Michael H Elliott
- Department of Physiology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Willard M Freeman
- Genes & Human Disease Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, USA; Oklahoma City Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA.
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Ren Y, Liang H, Xie M, Zhang M. Natural plant medications for the treatment of retinal diseases: The blood-retinal barrier as a clue. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 130:155568. [PMID: 38795692 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Retinal diseases significantly contribute to the global burden of visual impairment and blindness. The occurrence of retinal diseases is often accompanied by destruction of the blood‒retinal barrier, a vital physiological structure responsible for maintaining the stability of the retinal microenvironment. However, detailed summaries of the factors damage the blood‒retinal barrier and treatment methods involving natural plant medications are lacking. PURPOSE To comprehensively summarize and analyze the protective effects of active substances in natural plant medications on damage to the blood-retina barrier that occurs when retinal illnesses, particularly diabetic retinopathy, and examine their medicinal value and future development prospects. METHODS In this study, we searched for studies published in the ScienceDirect, PubMed, and Web of Science databases. The keywords used included natural plant medications, plants, natural herbs, blood retinal barrier, retinal diseases, diabetic retinopathy, age-related macular degeneration, and uveitis. Chinese herbal compound articles, non-English articles, warning journals, and duplicates were excluded from the analysis. RESULTS The blood‒retinal barrier is susceptible to high glucose, aging, immune responses, and other factors that destroy retinal homeostasis, resulting in pathological changes such as apoptosis and increased vascular permeability. Existing studies have shown that the active compounds or extracts of many natural plants have the effect of repairing blood-retinal barrier dysfunction. Notably, berberine, puerarin, and Lycium barbarum polysaccharides exhibited remarkable therapeutic effects. Additionally, curcumin, astragaloside IV, hesperidin, resveratrol, ginsenoside Rb1, luteolin, and Panax notoginseng saponins can effectively protect the blood‒retinal barrier by interfering with distinct pathways. The active ingredients found in natural plant medications primarily repair the blood‒retinal barrier by modulating pathological factors such as oxidative stress, inflammation, pyroptosis, and autophagy, thereby alleviating retinal diseases. CONCLUSION This review summarizes a series of plant extracts and plant active compounds that can treat retinal diseases by preventing and treating blood‒retinal barrier damage and provides reference for the research of new drugs for treating retinal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, PR China
| | - Huan Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, PR China
| | - Mengjun Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, PR China.
| | - Mei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, PR China.
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Vujosevic S, Lupidi M, Donati S, Astarita C, Gallinaro V, Pilotto E. Role of inflammation in diabetic macular edema and neovascular age-related macular degeneration. Surv Ophthalmol 2024:S0039-6257(24)00080-8. [PMID: 39029747 DOI: 10.1016/j.survophthal.2024.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 07/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/21/2024]
Abstract
Diabetic macular edema (DME) and neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) are multifactorial disorders that affect the macula and cause significant vision loss. Although inflammation and neoangiogenesis are hallmarks of DME and nAMD, respectively, they share some biochemical mediators. While inflammation is a trigger for the processes that lead to the development of DME, in nAMD inflammation seems to be the consequence of retinal pigment epithelium and Bruch membrane alterations. These pathophysiologic differences may be the key issue that justifies the difference in treatment strategies. Vascular endothelial growth factor inhibitors have changed the treatment of both diseases, however, many patients with DME fail to achieve the established therapeutic goals. From a clinical perspective, targeting inflammatory pathways with intravitreal corticosteroids has been proven to be effective in patients with DME. On the contrary, the clinical relevance of addressing inflammation in patients with nAMD has not been proven yet. We explore the role and implication of inflammation in the development of nAMD and DME and its therapeutical relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stela Vujosevic
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences University of Milan, Milan, Italy; Eye Clinic, IRCCS MultiMedica, Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Lupidi
- Eye Clinic, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy.
| | - Simone Donati
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria of Varese, Varese, Italy
| | - Carlo Astarita
- AbbVie S.r.l., SR 148 Pontina, 04011, Campoverde, LT, Italy
| | | | - Elisabetta Pilotto
- Department of Neuroscience-Ophthalmology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
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Lee SY, Cho YK, Bae CS, Kim G, Lee MJ, Cho SS, Jeon IC, Park DH. Oxidative and carbonyl stress induced AMD and Codonopsis lanceolata ameliorates AMD via controlling oxidative and carbonyl stress. Sci Rep 2024; 14:16322. [PMID: 39009704 PMCID: PMC11251066 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-67044-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is one of the leading causes of blindness. AMD is currently incurable; the best solution is to prevent its occurrence. To develop drugs for AMD, it is crucial to have a model system that mimics the symptoms and mechanisms in patients. It is most important to develop safer and more effective anti-AMD drug. In this study, the dose of A2E and the intensity of blue light were evaluated to establish an appropriate atrophic in vitro model of AMD and anti-AMD effect and therapeutic mechanism of Codonopsis lanceolata. The experimental groups included a control group an AMD group treated with A2E and blue light, a lutein group treated with 25 μM lutein after AMD induction, and three groups treated with different doses of C. lanceolata (10, 20, and 50 μg/mL) after AMD induction. Intrinsic apoptotic pathway (Bcl-2 family), anti-oxidative system (Keap1/Nrf2/HO-1 antioxidant response element), and anti-carbonyl effect (4-hydroxynonenal [4-HNE]) were evaluated using immunofluorescence, MTT, TUNEL, FACS, and western blotting analyses. A2E accumulation in the cytoplasm of ARPE-19 cells depending on the dose of A2E. Cell viability of ARPE-19 cells according to the dose of A2E and/or blue light intensity. The population of apoptotic or necrotic cells increased based on the A2E dose and blue light intensity. Codonopsis lanceolata dose-dependently prevented cell death which was induced by A2E and blue light. The antiapoptotic effect of that was caused by activating Keap1/Nrf2/HO-1 pathway, suppressing 4-HNE, and modulating Bcl-2 family proteins like increase of antiapoptotic proteins such as Bcl-2 and Bcl-XL and decrease of proapoptotic protein such as Bim. Based on these findings, 30 μM A2E and 20 mW/cm2 blue light on adult retinal pigment epithelium-19 cells was an appropriate condition for AMD model and C. lanceolata shows promise as an anti-AMD agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soon-Young Lee
- College of Korean Medicine, Dongshin University, Naju, 58245, Jeonnam, Korea
| | - Yeon-Kyoung Cho
- College of Health and Welfare, Dongshin University, Naju, 58245, Jeonnam, Korea
| | - Chun-Sik Bae
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Korea
| | - Gyeyeop Kim
- College of Health and Welfare, Dongshin University, Naju, 58245, Jeonnam, Korea
| | - Min-Jae Lee
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Gangwon, Korea
| | - Seung-Sik Cho
- Department of Biomedicine, Health & Life Convergence Sciences, BK21 Four, Biomedical and Healthcare Research Institute, Mokpo National University, Muan, 58554, Jeonnam, Korea.
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Mokpo National University, Muan, 58579, Jeonnam, Korea.
| | - In-Chul Jeon
- College of Health and Welfare, Dongshin University, Naju, 58245, Jeonnam, Korea.
| | - Dae-Hun Park
- College of Korean Medicine, Dongshin University, Naju, 58245, Jeonnam, Korea.
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Håman L, Källstrand J, Carlsson IM, Ivarsson A, Kristén L, Lindgren EC. An Empowerment-Based Physical Activity Intervention for Older People with Advanced Age-Related Macular Degeneration: An Exploratory Qualitative Case Study Design. J Clin Med 2024; 13:3918. [PMID: 38999484 PMCID: PMC11242547 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13133918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Revised: 06/19/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the most common cause of incurable visual impairment and impacts daily life. There are benefits of physical activity for people who are affected with AMD; however, living with AMD is associated with lower levels of physical activity and social isolation. The aim of this study was to explore how older people with AMD in Sweden experienced participation in a 6-month empowerment-based physical activity intervention and how it influenced their physical abilities. Methods: The participants were nine individuals with AMD aged 70-87 years. The intervention comprised physical and social activities in a group twice a week and individual health coaching on three occasions. The study was based on an exploratory qualitative case study design. Results: The findings showed two themes: created meaningfulness in life and creative and playful ways to develop body movements. The findings also showed improved muscle strength after the intervention. Conclusions: The findings showed that participants had increased social connectedness, improved physical self-efficacy and physical ability, as well as improved muscle strength. The empowerment process of the intervention was appreciated by the participants and challenged them to participate in physical activity offered by the municipality for older individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linn Håman
- School of Health and Welfare, Halmstad University, SE-30118 Halmstad, Sweden
| | - Jeanette Källstrand
- School of Health and Welfare, Halmstad University, SE-30118 Halmstad, Sweden
| | - Ing-Marie Carlsson
- School of Health and Welfare, Halmstad University, SE-30118 Halmstad, Sweden
| | - Andreas Ivarsson
- School of Health and Welfare, Halmstad University, SE-30118 Halmstad, Sweden
| | - Lars Kristén
- School of Health and Welfare, Halmstad University, SE-30118 Halmstad, Sweden
| | - Eva-Carin Lindgren
- School of Health and Welfare, Halmstad University, SE-30118 Halmstad, Sweden
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Romano F, Ding X, Yuan M, Vingopoulos F, Garg I, Choi H, Alvarez R, Tracy JH, Finn M, Ravazi P, Stettler IVM, Laìns I, Vavvas DG, Husain D, Miller JW, Miller JB. Progressive Choriocapillaris Changes on Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography Correlate With Stage Progression in AMD. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2024; 65:21. [PMID: 38990069 PMCID: PMC11246100 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.65.8.21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose We investigated the association between inner choroid flow deficit percentage (IC-FD%) using swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography (SS-OCTA) and progression of AMD. Methods Retrospective, observational study including 64 eyes (42 participants) with early or intermediate AMD at baseline. Participants had two or more consecutive swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography covering a period of at least 18 months. Demographics, visual acuity, and AMD staging based on Beckman classification were reviewed. OCT was analyzed for hyperreflective foci, subretinal drusenoid deposits, hyporeflective drusen cores, and subfoveal choroidal thickness. IC-FD% was measured within the central 3- and 6-mm using a 16-µm slab, after compensation and binarization (Phansalkar method). Mixed-effects Cox regression models assessed the association between imaging biomarkers and AMD progression. Results During follow-up (37 ± 9 months), 4 eyes with early AMD (31%) progressed to intermediate AMD and 30 (59%) eyes with intermediate AMD developed late AMD (19 geographic atrophy; 11 wet AMD). Baseline hyporeflective drusen core was associated with geographic atrophy development (P < 0.01), whereas greater IC-FD% (3-mm) was associated with wet AMD (P = 0.03). Time-varying analysis showed that faster subfoveal choroidal thickness reduction and IC-FD% (6-mm) increase were associated with geographic atrophy onset (P < 0.05), whereas IC-FD% (3-mm) increase was associated with wet AMD (P = 0.03). Notably, greater IC-FD% increases in the 3 mm (area under the curve = 0.72) and 6 mm (area under the curve = 0.89) were better predictive of wet AMD and geographic atrophy development, respectively. Conclusions Our longitudinal IC-FD% assessment emphasizes the role of progressive choriocapillaris changes as a biomarker for AMD progression. Our findings support that widespread choriocapillaris alterations (6 mm) may precede progression to geographic atrophy, whereas more central choriocapillaris loss (3 mm) may provide an ischemic stimulus for wet AMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Romano
- Harvard Retinal Imaging Lab, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
- Retina Service, Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Xinyi Ding
- Harvard Retinal Imaging Lab, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
- Retina Service, Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Melissa Yuan
- Retina Service, Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Filippos Vingopoulos
- Harvard Retinal Imaging Lab, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
- Byers Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California, United States
| | - Itika Garg
- Harvard Retinal Imaging Lab, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, United States
| | - Hanna Choi
- Harvard Retinal Imaging Lab, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Rodrigo Alvarez
- Retina Service, Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Jack H. Tracy
- Harvard Retinal Imaging Lab, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Matthew Finn
- Harvard Retinal Imaging Lab, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Peyman Ravazi
- Harvard Retinal Imaging Lab, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Isabella V. M. Stettler
- Harvard Retinal Imaging Lab, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Inês Laìns
- Retina Service, Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Demetrios G. Vavvas
- Retina Service, Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Deeba Husain
- Retina Service, Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Joan W. Miller
- Retina Service, Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - John B. Miller
- Harvard Retinal Imaging Lab, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
- Retina Service, Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
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11
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Jeong H, Shaia JK, Markle JC, Talcott KE, Singh RP. Melatonin and Risk of Age-Related Macular Degeneration. JAMA Ophthalmol 2024; 142:648-654. [PMID: 38842832 PMCID: PMC11157446 DOI: 10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2024.1822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
Importance Melatonin has been shown to oppose several processes that are known to mediate age-related macular degeneration (AMD), but whether melatonin can confer benefits against AMD remains unclear. Objective To examine the association between melatonin supplementation and the risk of the development or progression of AMD. Design, Setting, and Participants This retrospective cohort study accessed data from TriNetX, a national database of deidentified electronic medical records from both inpatient and outpatient health care organizations across the US, between December 4, 2023, and March 19, 2024. Patients aged 50 years or older, 60 years or older, and 70 years or older with no history of AMD (AMD-naive group) and with a history of nonexudative AMD (nonexudative AMD group) were queried for instances of melatonin medication codes between November 14, 2008, and November 14, 2023. Patients were then classified into either a melatonin group or a control group based on the presence of medication codes for melatonin. Propensity score matching (PSM) was performed to match the cohorts based on demographic variables, comorbidities, and nonmelatonin hypnotic medication use. Exposure The presence of at least 4 instances of melatonin records that each occurred at least 3 months apart. Main Outcomes and Measures After PSM, the melatonin and the control cohorts were compared to evaluate the risk ratios (RRs) and the 95% CIs of having an outcome. For the AMD-naive group, the outcome was defined as a new diagnosis of any AMD, whereas for the nonexudative AMD group, the outcome was progression to exudative AMD. Results Among 121 523 patients in the melatonin-naive group aged 50 years or older (4848 in the melatonin cohort [4580 after PSM; mean (SD) age, 68.24 (11.47) years; 2588 female (56.5%)] and 116 675 in the control cohort [4580 after PSM; mean (SD) age, 68.17 (10.63) years; 2681 female (58.5%)]), melatonin use was associated with a reduced risk of developing AMD (RR, 0.42; 95% CI, 0.28-0.62). Among 66 253 patients aged 50 years or older in the nonexudative AMD group (4350 in the melatonin cohort [4064 after PSM; mean (SD) age, 80.21 (8.78) years; 2482 female (61.1%)] and 61 903 in the control cohort [4064 patients after PSM; mean (SD) age, 80.31 (8.03) years; 2531 female (62.3%)]), melatonin was associated with a reduced risk of AMD progression to exudative AMD (RR, 0.44; 95% CI, 0.34-0.56). The results were consistent among subsets of individuals aged 60 years or older (AMD-naive cohort: RR, 0.36 [95% CI, 0.25-0.54]; nonexudative AMD cohort: RR, 0.38 [95% CI, 0.30-0.49]) and 70 years or older (AMD-naive cohort: RR, 0.35 [95% CI, 0.23-0.53]; nonexudative AMD cohort: RR, 0.40 [95% CI, 0.31-0.51]). Conclusions and Relevance Melatonin use was associated with a decreased risk of development and progression of AMD. Although lifestyle factors may have influenced this association, these findings provide a rationale for further research on the efficacy of using melatonin as a preventive therapy against AMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hejin Jeong
- Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Jacqueline K. Shaia
- Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio
- Center for Ophthalmic Bioinformatics, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Jonathan C. Markle
- Center for Ophthalmic Bioinformatics, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Katherine E. Talcott
- Center for Ophthalmic Bioinformatics, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Rishi P. Singh
- Center for Ophthalmic Bioinformatics, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
- Cleveland Clinic Martin Health, Cleveland Clinic Florida, Stuart
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12
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Feenstra HMA, van Dijk EHC, Cheung CMG, Ohno-Matsui K, Lai TYY, Koizumi H, Larsen M, Querques G, Downes SM, Yzer S, Breazzano MP, Subhi Y, Tadayoni R, Priglinger SG, Pauleikhoff LJB, Lange CAK, Loewenstein A, Diederen RMH, Schlingemann RO, Hoyng CB, Chhablani JK, Holz FG, Sivaprasad S, Lotery AJ, Yannuzzi LA, Freund KB, Boon CJF. Central serous chorioretinopathy: An evidence-based treatment guideline. Prog Retin Eye Res 2024; 101:101236. [PMID: 38301969 DOI: 10.1016/j.preteyeres.2024.101236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC) is a relatively common disease that causes vision loss due to macular subretinal fluid leakage and it is often associated with reduced vision-related quality of life. In CSC, the leakage of subretinal fluid through defects in the retinal pigment epithelial layer's outer blood-retina barrier appears to occur secondary to choroidal abnormalities and dysfunction. The treatment of CSC is currently the subject of controversy, although recent data obtained from several large randomized controlled trials provide a wealth of new information that can be used to establish a treatment algorithm. Here, we provide a comprehensive overview of our current understanding regarding the pathogenesis of CSC, current therapeutic strategies, and an evidence-based treatment guideline for CSC. In acute CSC, treatment can often be deferred for up to 3-4 months after diagnosis; however, early treatment with either half-dose or half-fluence photodynamic therapy (PDT) with the photosensitive dye verteporfin may be beneficial in selected cases. In chronic CSC, half-dose or half-fluence PDT, which targets the abnormal choroid, should be considered the preferred treatment. If PDT is unavailable, chronic CSC with focal, non-central leakage on angiography may be treated using conventional laser photocoagulation. CSC with concurrent macular neovascularization should be treated with half-dose/half-fluence PDT and/or intravitreal injections of an anti-vascular endothelial growth factor compound. Given the current shortage of verteporfin and the paucity of evidence supporting the efficacy of other treatment options, future studies-ideally, well-designed randomized controlled trials-are needed in order to evaluate new treatment options for CSC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena M A Feenstra
- Department of Ophthalmology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Elon H C van Dijk
- Department of Ophthalmology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Chui Ming Gemmy Cheung
- Singapore Eye Research Institution, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore; Duke-NUS Medical School, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Kyoko Ohno-Matsui
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Timothy Y Y Lai
- Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Eye Hospital, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Hideki Koizumi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Nishihara, Japan
| | - Michael Larsen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Rigshospitalet, Glostrup, Denmark; Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Giuseppe Querques
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Vita-Salute, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Susan M Downes
- Oxford Eye Hospital, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK; Nuffield Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neuroscience, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Suzanne Yzer
- Department of Ophthalmology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Mark P Breazzano
- Retina-Vitreous Surgeons of Central New York, Liverpool, NY, USA; Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, USA
| | - Yousif Subhi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Ramin Tadayoni
- Ophthalmology Department, AP-HP, Hôpital Lariboisière, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Siegfried G Priglinger
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hospital of the Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Laurenz J B Pauleikhoff
- Department of Ophthalmology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Eye Center, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Germany
| | - Clemens A K Lange
- Department of Ophthalmology, St. Franziskus Hospital, Muenster, Germany
| | - Anat Loewenstein
- Division of Ophthalmology, Tel Aviv Medical Center, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Roselie M H Diederen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Reinier O Schlingemann
- Department of Ophthalmology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Ocular Angiogenesis Group, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location AMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Ophthalmology, University of Lausanne, Jules-Gonin Eye Hospital, Fondation Asile des Aveugles, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Carel B Hoyng
- Department of Ophthalmology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Jay K Chhablani
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Frank G Holz
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Sobha Sivaprasad
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Andrew J Lotery
- Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Lawrence A Yannuzzi
- Vitreous Retina Macula Consultants of New York, New York, NY, USA; LuEsther T. Mertz Retinal Research Center, Manhattan Eye, Ear, and Throat Hospital, New York, NY, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, Manhattan Eye, Ear and Throat Hospital, New York, NY, USA
| | - K Bailey Freund
- Vitreous Retina Macula Consultants of New York, New York, NY, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Camiel J F Boon
- Department of Ophthalmology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands; Department of Ophthalmology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
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13
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Liu X, Huang K, Zhang F, Huang G, Wang L, Wu G, Ren H, Yang G, Lin Z. Multifunctional nano-in-micro delivery systems for targeted therapy in fundus neovascularization diseases. J Nanobiotechnology 2024; 22:354. [PMID: 38902775 PMCID: PMC11191225 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-024-02614-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Fundus neovascularization diseases are a series of blinding eye diseases that seriously impair vision worldwide. Currently, the means of treating these diseases in clinical practice are continuously evolving and have rapidly revolutionized treatment opinions. However, key issues such as inadequate treatment effectiveness, high rates of recurrence, and poor patient compliance still need to be urgently addressed. Multifunctional nanomedicine can specifically respond to both endogenous and exogenous microenvironments, effectively deliver drugs to specific targets and participate in activities such as biological imaging and the detection of small molecules. Nano-in-micro (NIM) delivery systems such as metal, metal oxide and up-conversion nanoparticles (NPs), quantum dots, and carbon materials, have shown certain advantages in overcoming the presence of physiological barriers within the eyeball and are widely used in the treatment of ophthalmic diseases. Few studies, however, have evaluated the efficacy of NIM delivery systems in treating fundus neovascular diseases (FNDs). The present study describes the main clinical treatment strategies and the adverse events associated with the treatment of FNDs with NIM delivery systems and summarizes the anatomical obstacles that must be overcome. In this review, we wish to highlight the principle of intraocular microenvironment normalization, aiming to provide a more rational approach for designing new NIM delivery systems to treat specific FNDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 401120, China
| | - Keke Huang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, China
| | - Fuxiao Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second People's Hospital of Chengdu, The Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, 610031, China
| | - Ge Huang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second People's Hospital of Chengdu, The Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, 610031, China
| | - Lu Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second People's Hospital of Chengdu, The Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, 610031, China
| | - Guiyu Wu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second People's Hospital of Chengdu, The Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, 610031, China
| | - Hui Ren
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second People's Hospital of Chengdu, The Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, 610031, China.
| | - Guang Yang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second People's Hospital of Chengdu, The Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, 610031, China.
| | - Zhiqing Lin
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second People's Hospital of Chengdu, The Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, 610031, China.
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14
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Liberski S, Confalonieri F, Cofta S, Petrovski G, Kocięcki J. Ocular Changes in Cystic Fibrosis: A Review. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6692. [PMID: 38928397 PMCID: PMC11203677 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25126692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2024] [Revised: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Cystic fibrosis (CF), also known as mucoviscidosis, is the most common autosomal recessive genetic disease in the Caucasian population, with an estimated frequency of 1:2000-3000 live births. CF results from the mutation of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene localized in the long arm of chromosome 7. The product of CFTR gene expression is CFTR protein, an adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-binding cassette (ABC) transporter that regulates the transport of chloride ions (Cl-) across the apical cell membrane. Primary manifestations of CF include chronic lung and pancreas function impairment secondary to the production of thick, sticky mucus resulting from dehydrated secretions. It is well known that CF can cause both anterior and posterior ocular abnormalities. Conjunctival and corneal xerosis and dry eye disease symptoms are the most characteristic manifestations in the anterior segment. In contrast, the most typical anatomical and functional changes relating to the posterior segment of the eye include defects in the retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL), vascular abnormalities, and visual disturbances, such as reduced contrast sensitivity and abnormal dark adaptation. However, the complete background of ophthalmic manifestations in the course of CF has yet to be discovered. This review summarizes the current knowledge regarding ocular changes in cystic fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Slawomir Liberski
- Department of Ophthalmology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, A. Szamarzewskiego 84, 61-848 Poznan, Poland;
| | - Filippo Confalonieri
- Department of Ophthalmology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, 20089 Rozzano, Milan, Italy;
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, 20090 Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy
- Center for Eye Research and Innovative Diagnostics, Department of Ophthalmology, Institute for Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Kirkeveien 166, 0450 Oslo, Norway;
- Department of Ophthalmology, Oslo University Hospital, Kirkeveien 166, 0450 Oslo, Norway
| | - Szczepan Cofta
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Allergology and Pulmonary Oncology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, A. Szamarzewskiego 84, 61-848 Poznan, Poland;
| | - Goran Petrovski
- Center for Eye Research and Innovative Diagnostics, Department of Ophthalmology, Institute for Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Kirkeveien 166, 0450 Oslo, Norway;
- Department of Ophthalmology, Oslo University Hospital, Kirkeveien 166, 0450 Oslo, Norway
| | - Jarosław Kocięcki
- Department of Ophthalmology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, A. Szamarzewskiego 84, 61-848 Poznan, Poland;
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15
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Datta D, Priyanka Bandi S, Colaco V, Dhas N, Siva Reddy DV, Vora LK. Fostering the unleashing potential of nanocarriers-mediated delivery of ocular therapeutics. Int J Pharm 2024; 658:124192. [PMID: 38703931 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2024.124192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Revised: 04/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
Ocular delivery is the most challenging aspect in the field of pharmaceutical research. The major hurdle for the controlled delivery of drugs to the eye includes the physiological static barriers such as the complex layers of the cornea, sclera and retina which restrict the drug from permeating into the anterior and posterior segments of the eye. Recent years have witnessed inventions in the field of conventional and nanocarrier drug delivery which have shown considerable enhancement in delivering small to large molecules across the eye. The dynamic challenges associated with conventional systems include limited drug contact time and inadequate ocular bioavailability resulting from solution drainage, tear turnover, and dilution or lacrimation. To this end, various bioactive-based nanosized carriers including liposomes, ethosomes, niosomes, dendrimer, nanogel, nanofibers, contact lenses, nanoprobes, selenium nanobells, nanosponge, polymeric micelles, silver nanoparticles, and gold nanoparticles among others have been developed to circumvent the limitations associated with the conventional dosage forms. These nanocarriers have been shown to achieve enhanced drug permeation or retention and prolong drug release in the ocular tissue due to their better tissue adherence. The surface charge and the size of nanocarriers (10-1000 nm) are the important key factors to overcome ocular barriers. Various nanocarriers have been shown to deliver active therapeutic molecules including timolol maleate, ampicillin, natamycin, voriconazole, cyclosporine A, dexamethasone, moxifloxacin, and fluconazole among others for the treatment of anterior and posterior eye diseases. Taken together, in a nutshell, this extensive review provides a comprehensive perspective on the numerous facets of ocular drug delivery with a special focus on bioactive nanocarrier-based approaches, including the difficulties and constraints involved in the fabrication of nanocarriers. This also provides the detailed invention, applications, biodistribution and safety-toxicity of nanocarriers-based therapeutcis for the ophthalmic delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepanjan Datta
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka State, India.
| | - Sony Priyanka Bandi
- Loka Laboratories Private Limited, Technology Business Incubator, BITS Pilani Hyderabad Campus, Jawahar Nagar, Medchal 500078, Telangana, India.
| | - Viola Colaco
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka State, India
| | - Namdev Dhas
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka State, India
| | - D V Siva Reddy
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio TX78227, USA
| | - Lalitkumar K Vora
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, U.K
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16
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Cui K, Tang X, Yang B, Fan M, Hu A, Wu P, Yang F, Lin J, Kong H, Lu X, Yu S, Xu Y, Liang X. Sema4D Knockout Attenuates Choroidal Neovascularization by Inhibiting M2 Macrophage Polarization Via Regulation of the RhoA/ROCK Pathway. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2024; 65:34. [PMID: 38913005 PMCID: PMC11204059 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.65.6.34] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/01/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose The aim of this study was to elucidate the role of Sema4D in the pathogenesis of senescence-associated choroidal neovascularization (CNV) and to explore its underlying mechanisms. Methods In this study, we utilized a model of laser-induced CNV in both young (3 months old) and old (18 months old) mice, including those with or without Sema4D knockout. The expression and localization of Sema4D in CNV were assessed using PCR, Western blot, and immunostaining. Subsequently, the morphological and imaging examinations were used to evaluate the size of CNV and vascular leakage. Finally, the expression of M2 markers, senescence-related markers, and molecules involved in the RhoA/ROCK pathway was detected. Results We found that Sema4D was predominantly expressed in macrophages within CNV lesions, and both the mRNA and protein levels of Sema4D progressively increased following laser photocoagulation, a trend more pronounced in old mice. Moreover, Sema4D knockout markedly inhibited M2 polarization in senescent macrophages and reduced the size and leakage of CNV, particularly in aged mice. Mechanistically, aging was found to upregulate RhoA/ROCK signaling, and knockout of Sema4D effectively suppressed the activation of this pathway, with more significant effects observed in aged mice. Conclusions Our findings revealed that the deletion of Sema4D markedly inhibited M2 macrophage polarization through the suppression of the RhoA/ROCK pathway, ultimately leading to the attenuation of senescence-associated CNV. These data indicate that targeting Sema4D could offer a promising approach for gene editing therapy in patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaixuan Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyu Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, China
| | - Boyu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, China
| | - Matthew Fan
- Yale College, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, United States
| | - Andina Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, China
| | - Peiqi Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fengmei Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jicheng Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haolin Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xi Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shanshan Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yue Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoling Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, China
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Subramanian B, Kumar M, Sen P, Raman R. Optical Coherence Tomography Characteristics for Differentiating Scars in Type 1 (Polypoidal Choroidal Vasculopathy (PCV)) and Type 2 (Classical) Macular Neovascularization (MNV) in Age-Related Macular Degeneration (AMD). Cureus 2024; 16:e62593. [PMID: 39027747 PMCID: PMC11257609 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.62593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to assess the optical coherence tomography (OCT) characteristics for differentiating scars in the scarred stages of macular neovascularization (MNV) in age-related macular degeneration (AMD). METHODS Medical records of 20 patients, 10 in each group with type 1 and type 2 MNV, were selected for the study. Participants chosen were above 50 years of age and underwent comprehensive eye examination alongside indocyanine green angiography (ICGA), fundus fluorescence angiography (FFA), and Spectralis optical coherence tomography (SOCT) (Heidelberg Engineering, Germany), respectively. The qualitative and quantitative OCT measurements, such as the frequency of outer retinal tubulations, presence of cystoid spaces, scar area, choroid thickness, retinal thickness, presence of disorganization in retinal layers (DRIL), foveal contour, and involvement of retinal layers in the scar, were meticulously evaluated and compared between the two groups. RESULTS Significant disparities between type 1 MNV and type 2 MNV in choroidal thickness were identified in the nasal and superior quadrants within 1 mm, in the superior quadrant within 3 mm, and in all quadrants except the inferior quadrant within 6 mm. Overall, type 2 MNV showed thinner choroid than type 1 MNV. CONCLUSION Although there are several overlapping features noticed between the groups, the OCT was able to pick up characteristic features that aid in differentiating type 1 (polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV)) and type 2 (classic) MNV in AMD. This precise differentiation has the potential to assist ophthalmologists in making well-informed decisions, thereby enhancing patient care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brughanya Subramanian
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shri Bhagwan Mahavir Vitreoretinal Services, Sankara Nethralaya, Chennai, IND
| | - Meenakshi Kumar
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shri Bhagwan Mahavir Vitreoretinal Services, Sankara Nethralaya, Chennai, IND
| | - Parveen Sen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shri Bhagwan Mahavir Vitreoretinal Services, Sankara Nethralaya, Chennai, IND
| | - Rajiv Raman
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shri Bhagwan Mahavir Vitreoretinal Services, Sankara Nethralaya, Chennai, IND
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18
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Qi J, Li H, Du Y, Liu Y, He W, Meng J, Wei L, Zhang K, Lu Y, Zhu X. Circulating Autoantibody Profiling Identifies LIMS1 as a Potential Target for Pathogenic Autoimmunity in pathologic Myopia. Mol Cell Proteomics 2024; 23:100783. [PMID: 38729610 PMCID: PMC11215957 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcpro.2024.100783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
High myopia is a leading cause of blindness worldwide, among which pathologic myopia, characterized by typical myopic macular degeneration, is the most detrimental. However, its pathogenesis remains largely unknown. Here, using a HuProt array, we first initiated a serological autoantibody profiling of high myopia and identified 18 potential autoantibodies, of which anti-LIMS1 autoantibody was validated by a customized focused microarray. Further subgroup analysis revealed its actual relevance to pathologic myopia, rather than simple high myopia without myopic macular degeneration. Mechanistically, anti-LIMS1 autoantibody predominantly belonged to IgG1/IgG2/IgG3 subclasses. Serum IgG obtained from patients with pathologic myopia could disrupt the barrier function of retinal pigment epithelial cells via cytoskeleton disorganization and tight junction component reduction, and also trigger a pro-inflammatory mediator cascade in retinal pigment epithelial cells, which were all attenuated by depletion of anti-LIMS1 autoantibody. Together, these data uncover a previously unrecognized autoimmune etiology of myopic macular degeneration in pathologic myopia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Qi
- Eye Institute and Department of Ophthalmology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China; NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia and Related Eye Diseases, Key Laboratory of Myopia and Related Eye Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, People's Republic of China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration, Shanghai, People's Republic of China; State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Du
- Eye Institute and Department of Ophthalmology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China; NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia and Related Eye Diseases, Key Laboratory of Myopia and Related Eye Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, People's Republic of China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration, Shanghai, People's Republic of China; State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenwen He
- Eye Institute and Department of Ophthalmology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China; NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia and Related Eye Diseases, Key Laboratory of Myopia and Related Eye Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, People's Republic of China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration, Shanghai, People's Republic of China; State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiaqi Meng
- Eye Institute and Department of Ophthalmology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China; NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia and Related Eye Diseases, Key Laboratory of Myopia and Related Eye Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, People's Republic of China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration, Shanghai, People's Republic of China; State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Ling Wei
- Eye Institute and Department of Ophthalmology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China; NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia and Related Eye Diseases, Key Laboratory of Myopia and Related Eye Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, People's Republic of China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration, Shanghai, People's Republic of China; State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Keke Zhang
- Eye Institute and Department of Ophthalmology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China; NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia and Related Eye Diseases, Key Laboratory of Myopia and Related Eye Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, People's Republic of China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration, Shanghai, People's Republic of China; State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Lu
- Eye Institute and Department of Ophthalmology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China; NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia and Related Eye Diseases, Key Laboratory of Myopia and Related Eye Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, People's Republic of China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration, Shanghai, People's Republic of China; State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiangjia Zhu
- Eye Institute and Department of Ophthalmology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China; NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia and Related Eye Diseases, Key Laboratory of Myopia and Related Eye Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, People's Republic of China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration, Shanghai, People's Republic of China; State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
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19
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Dörschmann P, Hunger F, Schroth H, Chen S, Kopplin G, Roider J, Klettner A. Effects of Fucoidans on Activated Retinal Microglia. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6018. [PMID: 38892206 PMCID: PMC11173224 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25116018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Sulfated marine polysaccharides, so-called fucoidans, have been shown to exhibit anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory activities in retinal pigment epithelium (RPE). In this study, we tested the effects of different fucoidans (and of fucoidan-treated RPE cells) on retinal microglia to investigate whether its anti-inflammatory effect can be extrapolated to the innate immune cells of the retina. In addition, we tested whether fucoidan treatment influenced the anti-inflammatory effect of RPE cells on retinal microglia. Three fucoidans were tested (FVs from Fucus vesiculosus, Fuc1 and FucBB04 from Laminaria hyperborea) as well as the supernatant of primary porcine RPE treated with fucoidans for their effects on inflammatory activated (using lipopolysaccharide, LPS) microglia cell line SIM-A9 and primary porcine retinal microglia. Cell viability was detected with a tetrazolium assay (MTT), and morphology by Coomassie staining. Secretion of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα), interleukin 1 beta (IL1β) and interleukin 8 (IL8) was detected with ELISA, gene expression (NOS2 (Nitric oxide synthase 2), and CXCL8 (IL8)) with qPCR. Phagocytosis was detected with a fluorescence assay. FucBB04 and FVs slightly reduced the viability of SIM-A9 and primary microglia, respectively. Treatment with RPE supernatants increased the viability of LPS-treated primary microglia. FVs and FucBB04 reduced the size of LPS-activated primary microglia, indicating an anti-inflammatory phenotype. RPE supernatant reduced the size of LPS-activated SIM-A9 cells. Proinflammatory cytokine secretion and gene expression in SIM-A9, as well as primary microglia, were not significantly affected by fucoidans, but RPE supernatants reduced the secretion of LPS-induced proinflammatory cytokine secretion in SIM-A9 and primary microglia. The phagocytosis ability of primary microglia was reduced by FucBB04. In conclusion, fucoidans exhibited only modest effects on inflammatorily activated microglia by maintaining their cell size under stimulation, while the anti-inflammatory effect of RPE cells on microglia irrespective of fucoidan treatment could be confirmed, stressing the role of RPE in regulating innate immunity in the retina.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Dörschmann
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center, University of Kiel, Arnold-Heller-Str. 3, Haus 25, 24105 Kiel, Germany (A.K.)
| | - Florentine Hunger
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center, University of Kiel, Arnold-Heller-Str. 3, Haus 25, 24105 Kiel, Germany (A.K.)
| | - Hannah Schroth
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center, University of Kiel, Arnold-Heller-Str. 3, Haus 25, 24105 Kiel, Germany (A.K.)
| | - Sibei Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center, University of Kiel, Arnold-Heller-Str. 3, Haus 25, 24105 Kiel, Germany (A.K.)
| | - Georg Kopplin
- Alginor ASA, Haraldsgata 162, 5525 Haugesund, Norway;
| | - Johann Roider
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center, University of Kiel, Arnold-Heller-Str. 3, Haus 25, 24105 Kiel, Germany (A.K.)
| | - Alexa Klettner
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center, University of Kiel, Arnold-Heller-Str. 3, Haus 25, 24105 Kiel, Germany (A.K.)
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20
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Shechter Y, Cohen R, Namestnikov M, Shapira A, Barak A, Barzelay A, Dvir T. Sequential Fabrication of a Three-Layer Retina-like Structure. Gels 2024; 10:336. [PMID: 38786253 PMCID: PMC11121616 DOI: 10.3390/gels10050336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2024] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Tissue engineering is considered a promising approach to treating advanced degenerative maculopathies such as nonexudative age-related macular degeneration (AMD), the leading cause of blindness worldwide. The retina consists of several hierarchical tissue layers, each of which is supported by a layer underneath. Each of these layers has a different morphology and requires distinct conditions for proper assembly. In fact, a prerequisite step for the assembly of each of these layers is the organization of the layer underneath. Advanced retinal degeneration includes degeneration of the other retina layers, including the choroid, the retinal pigmented epithelium (RPE), and the photoreceptors. Here, we report a step-by-step fabrication process of a three-layer retina-like structure. The process included the 3D printing of a choroid-like structure in an extracellular matrix (ECM) hydrogel, followed by deposition of the RPE monolayer. After the formation of the blood vessel-RPE interface, the photoreceptor cells were deposited to interact with the RPE layer. At the end of the fabrication process, each layer was characterized for its morphology and expression of specific markers, and the integration of the three-layer retina was evaluated. We envision that such a retina-like structure may be able to attenuate the deterioration of a degenerated retina and improve engraftment and regeneration. This retinal implant may potentially be suitable for a spectrum of macular degenerative diseases for which there are currently no cures and may save millions from complete blindness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yahel Shechter
- Shmunis School of Biomedicine and Cancer Research, Faculty of Life Science, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel; (Y.S.); (R.C.); (M.N.); (A.S.)
| | - Roni Cohen
- Shmunis School of Biomedicine and Cancer Research, Faculty of Life Science, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel; (Y.S.); (R.C.); (M.N.); (A.S.)
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
- Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Michael Namestnikov
- Shmunis School of Biomedicine and Cancer Research, Faculty of Life Science, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel; (Y.S.); (R.C.); (M.N.); (A.S.)
| | - Assaf Shapira
- Shmunis School of Biomedicine and Cancer Research, Faculty of Life Science, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel; (Y.S.); (R.C.); (M.N.); (A.S.)
| | - Adiel Barak
- Division of Ophthalmology, Tel Aviv Medical Center, Tel Aviv 6423906, Israel;
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Aya Barzelay
- Division of Ophthalmology, Tel Aviv Medical Center, Tel Aviv 6423906, Israel;
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Tal Dvir
- Shmunis School of Biomedicine and Cancer Research, Faculty of Life Science, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel; (Y.S.); (R.C.); (M.N.); (A.S.)
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
- Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
- The Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
- Sagol Center for Regenerative Biotechnology, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
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21
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Martins B, Pires M, Ambrósio AF, Girão H, Fernandes R. Contribution of extracellular vesicles for the pathogenesis of retinal diseases: shedding light on blood-retinal barrier dysfunction. J Biomed Sci 2024; 31:48. [PMID: 38730462 PMCID: PMC11088087 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-024-01036-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Retinal degenerative diseases, including diabetic retinopathy (DR) and age-related macular degeneration (AMD), loom as threats to vision, causing detrimental effects on the structure and function of the retina. Central to understanding these diseases, is the compromised state of the blood-retinal barrier (BRB), an effective barrier that regulates the influx of immune and inflammatory components. Whether BRB breakdown initiates retinal distress, or is a consequence of disease progression, remains enigmatic. Nevertheless, it is an indication of retinal dysfunction and potential vision loss.The intricate intercellular dialogues among retinal cell populations remain unintelligible in the complex retinal milieu, under conditions of inflammation and oxidative stress. The retina, a specialized neural tissue, sustains a ceaseless demand for oxygen and nutrients from two vascular networks. The BRB orchestrates the exchange of molecules and fluids within this specialized region, comprising the inner BRB (iBRB) and the outer BRB (oBRB). Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are small membranous structures, and act as messengers facilitating intercellular communication in this milieu.EVs, both from retinal and peripheral immune cells, increase complexity to BRB dysfunction in DR and AMD. Laden with bioactive cargoes, these EVs can modulate the retinal microenvironment, influencing disease progression. Our review delves into the multifaceted role of EVs in retinal degenerative diseases, elucidating the molecular crosstalk they orchestrate, and their microRNA (miRNA) content. By shedding light on these nanoscale messengers, from their biogenesis, release, to interaction and uptake by target cells, we aim to deepen the comprehension of BRB dysfunction and explore their therapeutic potential, therefore increasing our understanding of DR and AMD pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Martins
- University Coimbra, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, Coimbra, 3000- 548, Portugal
- University of Coimbra, Institute of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, Coimbra, 3000-548, Portugal
- University of Coimbra, Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), Coimbra, 3004-531, Portugal
| | - Maria Pires
- University Coimbra, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, Coimbra, 3000- 548, Portugal
- University of Coimbra, Institute of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, Coimbra, 3000-548, Portugal
- University of Coimbra, Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), Coimbra, 3004-531, Portugal
| | - António Francisco Ambrósio
- University Coimbra, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, Coimbra, 3000- 548, Portugal
- University of Coimbra, Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), Coimbra, 3004-531, Portugal
- Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), Coimbra, 3004-561, Portugal
- Association for Innovation and Biomedical Research on Light and Image (AIBILI), Coimbra, 3000-548, Portugal
| | - Henrique Girão
- University Coimbra, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, Coimbra, 3000- 548, Portugal
- University of Coimbra, Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), Coimbra, 3004-531, Portugal
- Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), Coimbra, 3004-561, Portugal
| | - Rosa Fernandes
- University Coimbra, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, Coimbra, 3000- 548, Portugal.
- University of Coimbra, Institute of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, Coimbra, 3000-548, Portugal.
- University of Coimbra, Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), Coimbra, 3004-531, Portugal.
- Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), Coimbra, 3004-561, Portugal.
- Association for Innovation and Biomedical Research on Light and Image (AIBILI), Coimbra, 3000-548, Portugal.
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22
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Basyal D, Lee S, Kim HJ. Antioxidants and Mechanistic Insights for Managing Dry Age-Related Macular Degeneration. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:568. [PMID: 38790673 PMCID: PMC11117704 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13050568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) severely affects central vision due to progressive macular degeneration and its staggering prevalence is rising globally, especially in the elderly population above 55 years. Increased oxidative stress with aging is considered an important contributor to AMD pathogenesis despite multifaceted risk factors including genetic predisposition and environmental agents. Wet AMD can be managed with routine intra-vitreal injection of angiogenesis inhibitors, but no satisfactory medicine has been approved for the successful management of the dry form. The toxic carbonyls due to photo-oxidative degradation of accumulated bisretinoids within lysosomes initiate a series of events including protein adduct formation, impaired autophagy flux, complement activation, and chronic inflammation, which is implicated in dry AMD. Therapy based on antioxidants has been extensively studied for its promising effect in reducing the impact of oxidative stress. This paper reviews the dry AMD pathogenesis, delineates the effectiveness of dietary and nutrition supplements in clinical studies, and explores pre-clinical studies of antioxidant molecules, extracts, and formulations with their mechanistic insights.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Hye Jin Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Keimyung University, Dauge 42601, Republic of Korea
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23
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Huang H, Zeng J, Yu X, Du H, Wen C, Mao Y, Tang H, Kuang X, Liu W, Yu H, Liu H, Li B, Long C, Yan J, Shen H. Establishing chronic models of age-related macular degeneration via long-term iron ion overload. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2024; 326:C1367-C1383. [PMID: 38406826 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00532.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is characterized by the degenerative senescence in the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and photoreceptors, which is accompanied by the accumulation of iron ions in the aging retina. However, current models of acute oxidative stress are still insufficient to simulate the gradual progression of AMD. To address this, we established chronic injury models by exposing the aRPE-19 cells, 661W cells, and mouse retina to iron ion overload over time. Investigations at the levels of cell biology and molecular biology were performed. It was demonstrated that long-term treatment of excessive iron ions induced senescence-like morphological changes, decreased cell proliferation, and impaired mitochondrial function, contributing to apoptosis. Activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway and the downstream molecules were confirmed both in the aRPE-19 and 661W cells. Furthermore, iron ion overload resulted in dry AMD-like lesions and decreased visual function in the mouse retina. These findings suggest that chronic exposure to overloading iron ions plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of retinopathy and provide a potential model for future studies on AMD.NEW & NOTEWORTHY To explore the possibility of constructing reliable research carriers on age-related macular degeneration (AMD), iron ion overload was applied to establish models in vitro and in vivo. Subsequent investigations into cellular physiology and molecular biology confirmed the presence of senescence in these models. Through this study, we hope to provide a better option of feasible methods for future researches into AMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Department of Ophthalmology, Zhuzhou Hospital Affiliated to Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Zhuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingshu Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinyue Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Han Du
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Chaojuan Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Han Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xielan Kuang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Biobank of Eye, State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Zhuzhou Hospital Affiliated to Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Zhuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Huan Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Huijun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Eye Fundus Department, Affiliated Aier Eye Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Bowen Li
- Eye Center of Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Chongde Long
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianhua Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Huangxuan Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Biobank of Eye, State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
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24
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Feng Q, Ruan X, Lu M, Bu S, Zhang Y. Metformin protects retinal pigment epithelium cells against H 2O 2-induced oxidative stress and inflammation via the Nrf2 signaling cascade. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2024; 262:1519-1530. [PMID: 38059999 DOI: 10.1007/s00417-023-06321-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Dysfunctions of retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) attributed to oxidative stress and inflammation are implicated with age-related macular degeneration (AMD). A debate on the curative role of metformin in AMD has been raised, though several recent clinical studies support the lower odds by using metformin. This study aimed to determine whether metformin could exert cytoprotection against RPE oxidative damages and the potential mechanisms. METHODS A cellular AMD model was established by treating ARPE-19 cells with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) for 24 h. The reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, expression of antioxidant enzymes, and levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines were monitored under administrations with H2O2 with/without metformin. The expression and DNA-binding activity of transcription factor erythroid-related factor 2 (Nrf2) were determined by western blot, immunofluorescence, and electrophoretic mobility shift assay. Knockout of Nrf2 was conducted by CRISPR/Cas9 gene deletion system. RESULTS Metformin pretreatment significantly improved the H2O2-induced low viability of ARPE-19 cells, reduced ROS production, and increased contents of antioxidative molecules. Concurrently, metformin also suppressed levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines caused by H2O2. The metformin-augmented nuclear translocation and DNA-binding activity of Nrf2 were further verified by the increased expression of its downstream targets. Genetic deletion of Nrf2 blocked the cytoprotective role of metformin. CONCLUSION Metformin possesses antioxidative and anti-inflammatory properties in ARPE-19 cells by activating the Nrf2 signaling. It supports the potential use for the control and prevention of AMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiting Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiangcai Ruan
- Department of Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Min Lu
- Sanshui Huaxia Eye Hospital, Huaxia Eye Hospital Group, Foshan, China
| | - Shimiao Bu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Yuehong Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
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Vallino V, Berni A, Coletto A, Serafino S, Bandello F, Reibaldi M, Borrelli E. Structural OCT and OCT angiography biomarkers associated with the development and progression of geographic atrophy in AMD. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2024:10.1007/s00417-024-06497-8. [PMID: 38689123 DOI: 10.1007/s00417-024-06497-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Geographic atrophy (GA) is an advanced, irreversible, and progressive form of age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Structural optical coherence tomography (OCT) and OCT angiography (OCTA) have been largely used to characterize this stage of AMD and, more importantly, to define biomarkers associated with the development and progression of GA in AMD. METHODS Articles pertaining to OCT and OCTA biomarkers related to the development and progression of GA with relevant key words were used to search in PubMed, Researchgate, and Google Scholar. The articles were selected based on their relevance, reliability, publication year, published journal, and accessibility. RESULTS Previous reports have highlighted various OCT and OCTA biomarkers linked to the onset and advancement of GA. These biomarkers encompass characteristics such as the size, volume, and subtype of drusen, the presence of hyperreflective foci, basal laminar deposits, incomplete retinal pigment epithelium and outer retinal atrophy (iRORA), persistent choroidal hypertransmission defects, and the existence of subretinal drusenoid deposits (also referred to as reticular pseudodrusen). Moreover, biomarkers associated with the progression of GA include thinning of the outer retina, photoreceptor degradation, the distance between retinal pigment epithelium and Bruch's membrane, and choriocapillaris loss. CONCLUSION The advent of novel treatment strategies for GA underscores the heightened need for prompt diagnosis and precise monitoring of individuals with this condition. The utilization of structural OCT and OCTA becomes essential for identifying distinct biomarkers associated with the initiation and progression of GA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronica Vallino
- Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Turin, Corso Dogliotti 14, Turin, Italy
- Department of Ophthalmology, "City of Health and Science" Hospital, Turin, Italy
| | - Alessandro Berni
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University Milan, Milan, Italy
- IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Coletto
- Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Turin, Corso Dogliotti 14, Turin, Italy
- Department of Ophthalmology, "City of Health and Science" Hospital, Turin, Italy
| | - Sonia Serafino
- Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Turin, Corso Dogliotti 14, Turin, Italy
- Department of Ophthalmology, "City of Health and Science" Hospital, Turin, Italy
| | - Francesco Bandello
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University Milan, Milan, Italy
- IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Michele Reibaldi
- Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Turin, Corso Dogliotti 14, Turin, Italy
- Department of Ophthalmology, "City of Health and Science" Hospital, Turin, Italy
| | - Enrico Borrelli
- Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Turin, Corso Dogliotti 14, Turin, Italy.
- Department of Ophthalmology, "City of Health and Science" Hospital, Turin, Italy.
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Pedersen HR, Gilson SJ, Hagen LA, Holtan JP, Bragadottir R, Baraas RC. Multimodal in-vivo maps as a tool to characterize retinal structural biomarkers for progression in adult-onset Stargardt disease. FRONTIERS IN OPHTHALMOLOGY 2024; 4:1384473. [PMID: 38984108 PMCID: PMC11182093 DOI: 10.3389/fopht.2024.1384473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
Purpose To characterize retinal structural biomarkers for progression in adult-onset Stargardt disease from multimodal retinal imaging in-vivo maps. Methods Seven adult patients (29-69 years; 3 males) with genetically-confirmed and clinically diagnosed adult-onset Stargardt disease and age-matched healthy controls were imaged with confocal and non-confocal Adaptive Optics Scanning Light Ophthalmoscopy (AOSLO), optical coherence tomography (OCT), fundus infrared (FIR), short wavelength-autofluorescence (FAF) and color fundus photography (CFP). Images from each modality were scaled for differences in lateral magnification before montages of AOSLO images were aligned with en-face FIR, FAF and OCT scans to explore changes in retinal structure across imaging modalities. Photoreceptors, retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells, flecks, and other retinal alterations in macular regions were identified, delineated, and correlated across imaging modalities. Retinal layer-thicknesses were extracted from segmented OCT images in areas of normal appearance on clinical imaging and intact outer retinal structure on OCT. Eccentricity dependency in cell density was compared with retinal thickness and outer retinal layer thickness, evaluated across patients, and compared with data from healthy controls. Results In patients with Stargardt disease, alterations in retinal structure were visible in different image modalities depending on layer location and structural properties. The patients had highly variable foveal structure, associated with equally variable visual acuity (-0.02 to 0.98 logMAR). Cone and rod photoreceptors, as well as RPE-like structures in some areas, could be quantified on non-confocal split-detection AOSLO images. RPE cells were also visible on dark field AOSLO images close to the foveal center. Hypo-reflective gaps of non-waveguiding cones (dark cones) were seen on confocal AOSLO in regions with clinically normal CFP, FIR, FAF and OCT appearance and an intact cone inner segment mosaic in three patients. Conclusion Dark cones were identified as a possible first sign of retinal disease progression in adult-onset Stargardt disease as these are observed in retinal locations with otherwise normal appearance and outer retinal thickness. This corroborates a previous report where dark cones were proposed as a first sign of progression in childhood-onset Stargardt disease. This also supports the hypothesis that, in Stargardt disease, photoreceptor degeneration occurs before RPE cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hilde R Pedersen
- National Centre for Optics, Vision and Eye Care, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, University of South-Eastern Norway, Kongsberg, Norway
| | - Stuart J Gilson
- National Centre for Optics, Vision and Eye Care, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, University of South-Eastern Norway, Kongsberg, Norway
| | - Lene A Hagen
- National Centre for Optics, Vision and Eye Care, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, University of South-Eastern Norway, Kongsberg, Norway
| | - Josephine Prener Holtan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ragnheidur Bragadottir
- Department of Ophthalmology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Rigmor C Baraas
- National Centre for Optics, Vision and Eye Care, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, University of South-Eastern Norway, Kongsberg, Norway
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Coutant K, Magne B, Ferland K, Fuentes-Rodriguez A, Chancy O, Mitchell A, Germain L, Landreville S. Melanocytes in regenerative medicine applications and disease modeling. J Transl Med 2024; 22:336. [PMID: 38589876 PMCID: PMC11003097 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-024-05113-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Melanocytes are dendritic cells localized in skin, eyes, hair follicles, ears, heart and central nervous system. They are characterized by the presence of melanosomes enriched in melanin which are responsible for skin, eye and hair pigmentation. They also have different functions in photoprotection, immunity and sound perception. Melanocyte dysfunction can cause pigmentary disorders, hearing and vision impairments or increased cancer susceptibility. This review focuses on the role of melanocytes in homeostasis and disease, before discussing their potential in regenerative medicine applications, such as for disease modeling, drug testing or therapy development using stem cell technologies, tissue engineering and extracellular vesicles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly Coutant
- Department of Ophthalmology and Otorhinolaryngology-Cervico-Facial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, Canada
- Regenerative Medicine Division, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Centre, Quebec City, QC, Canada
- Centre de recherche en organogénèse expérimentale de l'Université Laval/LOEX, Quebec City, QC, Canada
- Université Laval Cancer Research Center, Quebec City, QC, Canada
| | - Brice Magne
- Regenerative Medicine Division, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Centre, Quebec City, QC, Canada
- Centre de recherche en organogénèse expérimentale de l'Université Laval/LOEX, Quebec City, QC, Canada
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, Canada
| | - Karel Ferland
- Regenerative Medicine Division, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Centre, Quebec City, QC, Canada
- Centre de recherche en organogénèse expérimentale de l'Université Laval/LOEX, Quebec City, QC, Canada
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, Canada
| | - Aurélie Fuentes-Rodriguez
- Department of Ophthalmology and Otorhinolaryngology-Cervico-Facial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, Canada
- Regenerative Medicine Division, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Centre, Quebec City, QC, Canada
- Centre de recherche en organogénèse expérimentale de l'Université Laval/LOEX, Quebec City, QC, Canada
- Université Laval Cancer Research Center, Quebec City, QC, Canada
| | - Olivier Chancy
- Department of Ophthalmology and Otorhinolaryngology-Cervico-Facial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, Canada
- Regenerative Medicine Division, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Centre, Quebec City, QC, Canada
- Centre de recherche en organogénèse expérimentale de l'Université Laval/LOEX, Quebec City, QC, Canada
- Université Laval Cancer Research Center, Quebec City, QC, Canada
| | - Andrew Mitchell
- Department of Ophthalmology and Otorhinolaryngology-Cervico-Facial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, Canada
- Regenerative Medicine Division, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Centre, Quebec City, QC, Canada
- Centre de recherche en organogénèse expérimentale de l'Université Laval/LOEX, Quebec City, QC, Canada
- Université Laval Cancer Research Center, Quebec City, QC, Canada
| | - Lucie Germain
- Regenerative Medicine Division, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Centre, Quebec City, QC, Canada.
- Centre de recherche en organogénèse expérimentale de l'Université Laval/LOEX, Quebec City, QC, Canada.
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, Canada.
| | - Solange Landreville
- Department of Ophthalmology and Otorhinolaryngology-Cervico-Facial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, Canada.
- Regenerative Medicine Division, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Centre, Quebec City, QC, Canada.
- Centre de recherche en organogénèse expérimentale de l'Université Laval/LOEX, Quebec City, QC, Canada.
- Université Laval Cancer Research Center, Quebec City, QC, Canada.
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Cui X, Buonfiglio F, Pfeiffer N, Gericke A. Aging in Ocular Blood Vessels: Molecular Insights and the Role of Oxidative Stress. Biomedicines 2024; 12:817. [PMID: 38672172 PMCID: PMC11048681 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12040817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Acknowledged as a significant pathogenetic driver for numerous diseases, aging has become a focal point in addressing the profound changes associated with increasing human life expectancy, posing a critical concern for global public health. Emerging evidence suggests that factors influencing vascular aging extend their impact to choroidal and retinal blood vessels. The objective of this work is to provide a comprehensive overview of the impact of vascular aging on ocular blood vessels and related diseases. Additionally, this study aims to illuminate molecular insights contributing to vascular cell aging, with a particular emphasis on the choroid and retina. Moreover, innovative molecular targets operating within the domain of ocular vascular aging are presented and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuting Cui
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Langenbeckstrasse 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (F.B.); (N.P.)
| | | | | | - Adrian Gericke
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Langenbeckstrasse 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (F.B.); (N.P.)
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29
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Alagorie AR, Corradetti G, Byon I, Tiosano L, Ji Y, Nittala M, Velaga S, Nassisi M, Verma A, Sadda SR. Impact of slab selection on the relationship between choriocapillaris flow deficits and enlargement rate of geographic atrophy. Eye (Lond) 2024; 38:847-852. [PMID: 37865725 DOI: 10.1038/s41433-023-02788-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 08/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/23/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effect of changing slab position on the correlation between choriocapillaris (CC) flow deficits (FD) in eyes with geographic atrophy (GA) and yearly enlargement rate (yER) of GA. METHODS OCT and OCTA images obtained on Cirrus HD-OCT device were collected from patients with GA. Each patient underwent OCTA scan at baseline and two OCT scans, one at baseline and one after at least 12 months. GA was delineated on en-face fundus image to calculate yER. OCTA images were generated from three 10 µm thick slabs 11, 21 and 31 µm posterior to RPE-fit line. 100 µm-wide concentric rings were generated around GA to calculate FD% in each ring which was correlated with yER. RESULTS For the 11-21 µm slab, FD% was not significantly correlated with yER for any of the rings (p > 0.05). For the 21-31 and 31-41 µm slab, FD% of rings located in the 600 µm region around GA was significantly correlated with yER (p < 0.05). However, in all slab locations, there was no significant correlation between yER and CC FD% of rings located beyond the 600 µm region (p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Slab selection for quantification of CC FD% may have a significant impact on quantitative results in eyes with GA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Roshdy Alagorie
- Doheny Eye Institute, Pasadena, CA, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Giulia Corradetti
- Doheny Eye Institute, Pasadena, CA, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Retinal Disorders and Ophthalmic Genetics Division, Stein Eye Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Iksoo Byon
- Doheny Eye Institute, Pasadena, CA, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, South Korea
| | - Liran Tiosano
- Doheny Eye Institute, Pasadena, CA, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Yongsok Ji
- Doheny Eye Institute, Pasadena, CA, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chonnam National University Medical School and Hospital, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Muneeswar Nittala
- Doheny Eye Institute, Pasadena, CA, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Swetha Velaga
- Doheny Eye Institute, Pasadena, CA, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Marco Nassisi
- Doheny Eye Institute, Pasadena, CA, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Aditya Verma
- Doheny Eye Institute, Pasadena, CA, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Srinivas R Sadda
- Doheny Eye Institute, Pasadena, CA, USA.
- Department of Ophthalmology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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Christiansen JR, Kirkeby A. Clinical translation of pluripotent stem cell-based therapies: successes and challenges. Development 2024; 151:dev202067. [PMID: 38564308 PMCID: PMC11057818 DOI: 10.1242/dev.202067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
The translational stem cell research field has progressed immensely in the past decade. Development and refinement of differentiation protocols now allows the generation of a range of cell types, such as pancreatic β-cells and dopaminergic neurons, from human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) in an efficient and good manufacturing practice-compliant fashion. This has led to the initiation of several clinical trials using hPSC-derived cells to replace lost or dysfunctional cells, demonstrating evidence of both safety and efficacy. Here, we highlight successes from some of the hPSC-based trials reporting early signs of efficacy and discuss common challenges in clinical translation of cell therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josefine Rågård Christiansen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Stem Cell Medicine (reNEW), University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - Agnete Kirkeby
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Stem Cell Medicine (reNEW), University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark
- Wallenberg Center for Molecular Medicine, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, 221 84 Lund, Sweden
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31
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Curcio CA, Kar D, Owsley C, Sloan KR, Ach T. Age-Related Macular Degeneration, a Mathematically Tractable Disease. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2024; 65:4. [PMID: 38466281 PMCID: PMC10916886 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.65.3.4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
A progression sequence for age-related macular degeneration onset may be determinable with consensus neuroanatomical nomenclature augmented by drusen biology and eye-tracked clinical imaging. This narrative review proposes to supplement the Early Treatment of Diabetic Retinopathy Study (sETDRS) grid with a ring to capture high rod densities. Published photoreceptor and retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) densities in flat mounted aged-normal donor eyes were recomputed for sETDRS rings including near-periphery rich in rods and cumulatively for circular fovea-centered regions. Literature was reviewed for tissue-level studies of aging outer retina, population-level epidemiology studies regionally assessing risk, vision studies regionally assessing rod-mediated dark adaptation (RMDA), and impact of atrophy on photopic visual acuity. The 3 mm-diameter xanthophyll-rich macula lutea is rod-dominant and loses rods in aging whereas cone and RPE numbers are relatively stable. Across layers, the largest aging effects are accumulation of lipids prominent in drusen, loss of choriocapillary coverage of Bruch's membrane, and loss of rods. Epidemiology shows maximal risk for drusen-related progression in the central subfield with only one third of this risk level in the inner ring. RMDA studies report greatest slowing at the perimeter of this high-risk area. Vision declines precipitously when the cone-rich central subfield is invaded by geographic atrophy. Lifelong sustenance of foveal cone vision within the macula lutea leads to vulnerability in late adulthood that especially impacts rods at its perimeter. Adherence to an sETDRS grid and outer retinal cell populations within it will help dissect mechanisms, prioritize research, and assist in selecting patients for emerging treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine A. Curcio
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham Heersink School of Medicine, Birmingham, Alabama, United States
| | - Deepayan Kar
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham Heersink School of Medicine, Birmingham, Alabama, United States
| | - Cynthia Owsley
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham Heersink School of Medicine, Birmingham, Alabama, United States
| | - Kenneth R. Sloan
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham Heersink School of Medicine, Birmingham, Alabama, United States
| | - Thomas Ach
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
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Risseeuw S, Pilgrim MG, Bertazzo S, Brown CN, Csincsik L, Fearn S, Thompson RB, Bergen AA, ten Brink JB, Kortvely E, Spiering W, Ossewaarde–van Norel J, van Leeuwen R, Lengyel I. Bruch's Membrane Calcification in Pseudoxanthoma Elasticum: Comparing Histopathology and Clinical Imaging. OPHTHALMOLOGY SCIENCE 2024; 4:100416. [PMID: 38170125 PMCID: PMC10758992 DOI: 10.1016/j.xops.2023.100416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Purpose To investigate the histology of Bruch's membrane (BM) calcification in pseudoxanthoma elasticum (PXE) and correlate this to clinical retinal imaging. Design Experimental study with clinicopathological correlation. Subjects and Controls Six postmortem eyes from 4 PXE patients and 1 comparison eye from an anonymous donor without PXE. One of the eyes had a multimodal clinical image set for comparison. Methods Calcification was labeled with OsteSense 680RD, a fluorescent dye specific for hydroxyapatite, and visualized with confocal microscopy. Scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDX) and time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMs) were used to analyze the elemental and ionic composition of different anatomical locations. Findings on cadaver tissues were compared with clinical imaging of 1 PXE patient. Main Outcome Measures The characteristics and topographical distribution of hydroxyapatite in BM in eyes with PXE were compared with the clinical manifestations of the disease. Results Analyses of whole-mount and sectioned PXE eyes revealed an extensive, confluent OsteoSense labeling in the central and midperipheral BM, transitioning to a speckled labeling in the midperiphery. These areas corresponded to hyperreflective and isoreflective zones on clinical imaging. Scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy and TOF-SIMs analyses identified these calcifications as hydroxyapatite in BM of PXE eyes. The confluent fluorescent appearance originates from heavily calcified fibrous structures of both the collagen and the elastic layers of BM. Calcification was also detected in an aged comparison eye, but this was markedly different from PXE eyes and presented as small snowflake-like deposits in the posterior pole. Conclusions Pseudoxanthoma elasticum eyes show extensive hydroxyapatite deposition in the inner and outer collagenous and elastic BM layers in the macula with a gradual change toward the midperiphery, which seems to correlate with the clinical phenotype. The snowflake-like calcification in BM of an aged comparison eye differed markedly from the extensive calcification in PXE. Financial Disclosures Proprietary or commercial disclosure may be found in the Footnotes and Disclosures at the end of this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Risseeuw
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, The Netherlands
| | - Matthew G. Pilgrim
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Science, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
| | - Sergio Bertazzo
- Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Connor N. Brown
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Science, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
| | - Lajos Csincsik
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Science, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
| | - Sarah Fearn
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Richard B. Thompson
- University of Maryland School of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Arthur A. Bergen
- Departments of Human Genetics and Ophthalmology, Amsterdam UMC, location AMC Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Emma Center for Personalized Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jacoline B. ten Brink
- Departments of Human Genetics and Ophthalmology, Amsterdam UMC, location AMC Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Elod Kortvely
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Wilko Spiering
- Department of Vascular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, The Netherlands
| | | | - Redmer van Leeuwen
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, The Netherlands
| | - Imre Lengyel
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Science, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
- Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, London, United Kingdom
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Wu Z, Glover EK, Gee EE, Hodgson LA, Guymer RH. Functional Evaluation of Retinal Pigment Epithelium and Outer Retinal Atrophy by High-Density Targeted Microperimetry Testing. OPHTHALMOLOGY SCIENCE 2024; 4:100425. [PMID: 38192684 PMCID: PMC10772812 DOI: 10.1016/j.xops.2023.100425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
Purpose Complete retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and outer retinal atrophy (cRORA) on OCT imaging has recently been proposed to describe end-stage atrophy in age-related macular degeneration (AMD) by international consensus and expected to be associated with a dense scotoma, but such functional evidence is lacking. This study sought to examine the visual sensitivity defects associated with cRORA and to determine OCT features associated with deep defects. Design Observational study. Participants Sixty eyes from 53 participants, including 342 microperimetry tests over 171 study visits. Methods Participants underwent targeted high-density threshold-based microperimetry testing of atrophic lesions (with at least incomplete RPE and outer retinal atrophy [iRORA]) with a 3.5° diameter grid. The maximum extent of signs of atrophy for all lesions was graded on OCT imaging. Main Outcome Measures Number of deep visual sensitivity defects (threshold ≤ 10 decibels [dB]). Results Presence of choroidal signal hypertransmission ≥ 500 μm, complete RPE loss ≥250 μm, and inner nuclear layer and outer plexiform layer subsidence, and hyporeflective wedge-shaped band (defined as nascent geographic atrophy [nGA]) ≥ 500 μm (P ≤ 0.020), but not RPE attenuation or disruption (P ≥ 0.192), were all independently associated with a significant increase in the number of deep visual sensitivity defects ≤ 10 dB. Only cRORA lesions with hypertransmission ≥ 500 μm or complete RPE loss ≥ 250 μm, or with both of these features (P < 0.001), but not lesions with only hypertransmission 250-499 μm (P = 0.303), had significantly more deep visual sensitivity defects ≤ 10 dB compared with iRORA lesions. Lesions with nGA ≥ 500 μm, irrespective of the presence of hypertransmission ≥ 500 μm and/or complete RPE loss ≥ 250 μm, also showed a higher number of deep visual sensitivity defects ≤ 10 dB compared with lesions without nGA ≥ 500 μm (P ≤ 0.011). Conclusions Not all cRORA lesions show a difference in the number of deep visual sensitivity defects compared with iRORA. Instead, hypertransmission ≥ 500 μm, complete RPE loss ≥ 250 μm, and nGA ≥ 500 μm are all OCT features independently associated with deep visual sensitivity detects that could help inform the definition of end-stage atrophy on OCT imaging. Financial Disclosures Proprietary or commercial disclosure may be found in the Footnotes and Disclosures at the end of this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhichao Wu
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, East Melbourne, Australia
- Ophthalmology, Department of Surgery, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Emily K. Glover
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, East Melbourne, Australia
| | - Erin E. Gee
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, East Melbourne, Australia
| | - Lauren A.B. Hodgson
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, East Melbourne, Australia
| | - Robyn H. Guymer
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, East Melbourne, Australia
- Ophthalmology, Department of Surgery, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
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Vincent M, Lehoux J, Desmarty C, Moine E, Legrand P, Dorandeu C, Simon L, Durand T, Brabet P, Crauste C, Begu S. A novel lipophenol quercetin derivative to prevent macular degeneration: Intravenous and oral formulations for preclinical pharmacological evaluation. Int J Pharm 2024; 651:123740. [PMID: 38145781 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.123740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/27/2023]
Abstract
Drugs with properties against oxidative and carbonyl stresses are potential candidates to prevent dry age-related macular degeneration (Dry-AMD) and inherited Stargardt disease (STGD1). Previous studies have demonstrated the capacity of a new lipophenol drug: 3-O-DHA-7-O-isopropyl-quercetin (Q-IP-DHA) to protect ARPE19 and primary rat RPE cells respectively from A2E toxicity and under oxidative and carbonyl stress conditions. In this study, first, a new methodology has been developed to access gram scale of Q-IP-DHA. After classification of the lipophenol as BCS Class IV according to physico-chemical and biopharmaceutical properties, an intravenous formulation with micelles (M) and an oral formulation using lipid nanocapsules (LNC) were developed. M were formed with Kolliphor® HS 15 and saline solution 0.9 % (mean size of 16 nm, drug loading of 95 %). The oral formulation was optimized and successfully allowed the formation of LNC (25 nm, 96 %). The evaluation of the therapeutic potency of Q-IP-DHA was performed after IV administration of micelles loaded with Q-IP-DHA (M-Q-IP-DHA) at 30 mg/kg and after oral administration of LNC loaded with Q-IP-DHA (LNC-Q-IP-DHA) at 100 mg/kg in mice. Results demonstrated photoreceptor protection after induction of retinal degeneration by acute light stress making Q-IP-DHA a promising preventive candidate against dry-AMD and STGD1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxime Vincent
- ICGM, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Montpellier, France
| | - Jordan Lehoux
- IBMM, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Montpellier, France
| | - Claire Desmarty
- Institut des Neurosciences de Montpellier, INSERM U1051, Montpellier, France
| | | | | | | | | | - Thierry Durand
- IBMM, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Montpellier, France.
| | - Philippe Brabet
- Institut des Neurosciences de Montpellier, INSERM U1051, Montpellier, France.
| | - Céline Crauste
- IBMM, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Montpellier, France.
| | - Sylvie Begu
- ICGM, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Montpellier, France.
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35
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Yu M, Zhao S. Functional role of translocator protein and its ligands in ocular diseases (Review). Mol Med Rep 2024; 29:33. [PMID: 38186312 PMCID: PMC10804439 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2024.13157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
The 18 kDa translocator protein (TSPO) is an essential outer mitochondrial membrane protein that is responsible for mitochondrial transport, maintenance of mitochondrial homeostasis and normal physiological cell function. The role of TSPO in the pathogenesis of ocular diseases is a growing area of interest. More notably, TSPO exerts positive effects in regulating various pathophysiological processes, such as the inflammatory response, oxidative stress, steroid synthesis and modulation of microglial function, in combination with a variety of specific ligands such as 1‑(2‑chlorophenyl‑N‑methylpropyl)‑3‑isoquinolinecarboxamide, 4'‑chlorodiazepam and XBD173. In the present review, the expression of TSPO in ocular tissues and the functional role of TSPO and its ligands in diverse ocular diseases was discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyi Yu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Disease, Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Tianjin 30384, P.R. China
| | - Shaozhen Zhao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Disease, Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Tianjin 30384, P.R. China
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Shelton DA, Gefke I, Summers V, Kim YK, Yu H, Getz Y, Ferdous S, Donaldson K, Liao K, Papania JT, Chrenek MA, Boatright JH, Nickerson JM. Age-Related RPE changes in Wildtype C57BL/6J Mice between 2 and 32 Months. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.01.30.574142. [PMID: 38352604 PMCID: PMC10862734 DOI: 10.1101/2024.01.30.574142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
Purpose This study provides a systematic evaluation of age-related changes in RPE cell structure and function using a morphometric approach. We aim to better capture nuanced predictive changes in cell heterogeneity that reflect loss of RPE integrity during normal aging. Using C57BL6/J mice ranging from P60-P730, we sought to evaluate how regional changes in RPE shape reflect incremental losses in RPE cell function with advancing age. We hypothesize that tracking global morphological changes in RPE is predictive of functional defects over time. Methods We tested three groups of C57BL/6J mice (young: P60-180; Middle-aged: P365-729; aged: 730+) for function and structural defects using electroretinograms, immunofluorescence, and phagocytosis assays. Results The largest changes in RPE morphology were evident between the young and aged groups, while the middle-aged group exhibited smaller but notable region-specific differences. We observed a 1.9-fold increase in cytoplasmic alpha-catenin expression specifically in the central-medial region of the eye between the young and aged group. There was an 8-fold increase in subretinal, IBA-1-positive immune cell recruitment and a significant decrease in visual function in aged mice compared to young mice. Functional defects in the RPE corroborated by changes in RPE phagocytotic capacity. Conclusions The marked increase of cytoplasmic alpha-catenin expression and subretinal immune cell deposition, and decreased visual output coincide with regional changes in RPE cell morphometrics when stratified by age. These cumulative changes in the RPE morphology showed predictive regional patterns of stress associated with loss of RPE integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debresha A. Shelton
- Department of Ophthalmology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States
| | - Isabelle Gefke
- Department of Ophthalmology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States
| | - Vivian Summers
- Department of Ophthalmology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States
| | - Yong-Kyu Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hallym University College of Medicine, Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hanyi Yu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States
- Department of Computer Science, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States
| | - Yana Getz
- Department of Ophthalmology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States
| | - Salma Ferdous
- Department of Ophthalmology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States
| | - Kevin Donaldson
- Department of Ophthalmology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States
| | - Kristie Liao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States
| | - Jack T. Papania
- Department of Ophthalmology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States
| | - Micah A. Chrenek
- Department of Ophthalmology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States
| | - Jeffrey H. Boatright
- Department of Ophthalmology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States
- Atlanta VA Center for Visual and Neurocognitive Rehabilitation, Decatur, Georgia, United States
| | - John M. Nickerson
- Department of Ophthalmology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States
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Muraleva NA, Zhdankina AA, Fursova AZ, Kolosova NG. Retinoprotective Effect of SkQ1, Visomitin Eye Drops, Is Associated with Suppression of P38 MAPK and ERK1/2 Signaling Pathways Activity. BIOCHEMISTRY. BIOKHIMIIA 2024; 89:201-211. [PMID: 38622090 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297924020020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
Visomitin eye drops are the first and, so far, the only drug based on SkQ1 - the mitochondria-targeted antioxidant 10-(6'-plastoquinonyl) decyltriphenylphosphonium, developed in the laboratories of Moscow State University under the leadership of Academician V. P. Skulachev. SkQ1 is considered as a potential tool to combat the aging program. We have previously shown that it is able to prevent and/or suppress development of all manifestations of accelerated senescence in OXYS rats, including retinopathy, similar to the age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Here, we assessed the effect of Visomitin instillations on progression of the AMD-like pathology and p38 MAPK and ERK1/2 activity in the OXYS rat retina (from the age of 9 to 12 months). Wistar and OXYS rats treated with placebo (composition identical to Visomitin with the exception of SkQ1) were used as controls. Ophthalmological examination showed that in the OXYS rats receiving placebo, retinopathy progressed and severity of clinical manifestations did not differ from the intact OXYS rats. Visomitin suppressed progression of the AMD-like pathology in the OXYS rats and significantly improved structural and functional parameters of the retinal pigment epithelium cells and state of microcirculation in the choroid, which, presumably, contributed to preservation of photoreceptors, associative and ganglion neurons. It was found that the activity of p38 MAPK and ERK1/2 in the retina of 12-month-old OXYS rats is higher than that of the Wistar rats of the same age, as indicated by the increased content of phosphorylated forms of p38 MAPK and ERK1/2 and their target protein tau (at position T181 and S396). Visomitin decreased phosphorylation of p38 MAPK, ERK1/2, and tau indicating suppression of activity of these MAPK signaling cascades. Thus, Visomitin eye drops are able to suppress progression of the AMD-like pathology in the OXYS rats and their effect is associated with the decrease in activity of the MAPK signaling cascades.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia A Muraleva
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia.
| | - Anna A Zhdankina
- Department of Histology, Embryology and Cytology, Siberian State Medical University, Tomsk, 634055, Russia
| | - Anzhella Zh Fursova
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
- Department of Ophthalmology, Novosibirsk State Medical University, Novosibirsk, 630091, Russia
- State Novosibirsk Regional Clinical Hospital, Novosibirsk, 630087, Russia
| | - Nataliya G Kolosova
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
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Cheung R, Trinh M, Tee YG, Nivison-Smith L. RPE Curvature Can Screen for Early and Intermediate AMD. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2024; 65:2. [PMID: 38300558 PMCID: PMC10846343 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.65.2.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose Diagnosing AMD early optimizes clinical management. However, current diagnostic accuracy is limited by the subjectivity of qualitative diagnostic measures used in clinical practice. This study tests if RPE curvature could be an accurate, quantitative measure for AMD diagnosis. Methods Consecutive patients without AMD or normal aging changes (n = 111), with normal aging changes (n = 107), early AMD (n = 102) and intermediate AMD (n = 114) were recruited. RPE curvature was calculated based on the sinuosity method of measuring river curvature in environmental science. RPE and Bruch's membrane were manually segmented from optical coherence tomography B-scans and then their lengths automatically extracted using customized MATLAB code. RPE sinuosity was calculated as a ratio of RPE to Bruch's membrane length. Diagnostic accuracy was determined from area under the receiver operator characteristic curve (aROC). Results RPE sinuosity of foveal B-scans could distinguish any eyes with AMD (early or intermediate) from those without AMD (non-AMD or eyes with normal aging changes) with acceptable diagnostic accuracy (aROC = 0.775). Similarly, RPE sinuosity could identify intermediate AMD from all other groups (aROC = 0.871) and distinguish between early and intermediate AMD (aROC = 0.737). RPE sinuosity was significantly associated with known AMD lesions: reticular pseudodrusen (P < 0.0001) and drusen volume (P < 0.0001), but not physiological variables such as age, sex, and ethnicity. Conclusions RPE sinuosity is a simple, robust, quantitative biomarker that is amenable to automation and could enhance screening of AMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rene Cheung
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
- Centre for Eye Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Matt Trinh
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
- Centre for Eye Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Yoh Ghen Tee
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
- Centre for Eye Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Lisa Nivison-Smith
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
- Centre for Eye Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
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Goh KL, Kumar H, Hadoux X, Jannaud M, Abbott C, Hodgson L, Robman L, Makeyeva G, Van Wijngaarden P, Guymer R, Wu Z. Hyperpigmentary abnormalities in age-related macular degeneration: association with progression and impact on visual sensitivity. Br J Ophthalmol 2024; 108:263-267. [PMID: 36564147 DOI: 10.1136/bjo-2022-322676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS To investigate the additional prognostic value of quantifying the extent of colour fundus photography (CFP)-defined hyperpigmentary abnormalities (HPAs) compared with their presence alone for predicting progression to late-stage age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and to understand their association with visual sensitivity in individuals with intermediate AMD. METHODS 140 participants with bilateral large drusen underwent multimodal imaging and microperimetry at baseline and then every 6 months for up to 3 years. Baseline CFPs were graded for the presence of HPAs and their extent was quantified. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) scans were used to quantify drusen volume. Predictive models for progression to late AMD (including OCT signs of atrophy) were developed using either HPA presence or extent. The association between HPA extent with mean visual sensitivity (both overall and sector based) was also evaluated. All models were adjusted for the confounders of baseline age and drusen volume. RESULTS The predictive performance for late AMD development was not significantly different for HPA presence or extent (p=0.92). Increasing HPA extent in each sector, but not its overall extent in an eye, was associated with reduced sector-based visual sensitivity (p<0.001 and p=0.671, respectively). CONCLUSION In a cohort with bilateral large drusen, quantifying HPA extent did not improve the prediction of late AMD development compared with presence alone. HPA extent was associated with more local, rather than generalised, reductions in visual sensitivity. These findings suggest that quantification of HPA extent adds little to the prediction of AMD progression, but that it provides an imaging biomarker of visual dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Lyn Goh
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Ophthalmology, Department of Surgery, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Himeesh Kumar
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Ophthalmology, Department of Surgery, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Xavier Hadoux
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Maxime Jannaud
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Carla Abbott
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Ophthalmology, Department of Surgery, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Lauren Hodgson
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Luba Robman
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Galina Makeyeva
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Peter Van Wijngaarden
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Ophthalmology, Department of Surgery, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Robyn Guymer
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Ophthalmology, Department of Surgery, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Zhichao Wu
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Ophthalmology, Department of Surgery, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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Lin HY, Chou W, Chien TW, Yeh YT, Kuo SC, Hsu SY. Analyzing shifts in age-related macular degeneration research trends since 2014: A bibliometric study with triple-map Sankey diagrams (TMSD). Medicine (Baltimore) 2024; 103:e36547. [PMID: 38241545 PMCID: PMC10798733 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000036547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the primary cause of vision impairment in older adults, especially in developed countries. While many articles on AMD exist in the literature, none specifically delve into the trends based on document categories. While bibliometric studies typically use dual-map overlays to highlight new trends, these can become congested and unclear with standard formats (e.g., in CiteSpace software). In this study, we introduce a unique triple-map Sankey diagram (TMSD) to assess the evolution of AMD research. Our objective is to understand the nuances of AMD articles and show the effectiveness of TMSD in determining whether AMD research trends have shifted over the past decade. METHODS We collected 7465 articles and review pieces related to AMD written by ophthalmologists from the Web of Science core collection, accumulating article metadata from 2014 onward. To delve into the characteristics of these AMD articles, we employed various visualization methods, with a special focus on TMSD to track research evolution. We adopted the descriptive, diagnostic, predictive, and prescriptive analytics (DDPP) model, complemented by the follower-leading clustering algorithm (FLCA) for clustering analysis. This synergistic approach proved efficient in identifying and showcasing research focal points and budding trends using network charts within the DDPP framework. RESULTS Our findings indicate that: in countries, institutes, years, authors, and journals, the dominant entities were the United States, the University of Bonn in Germany, the year 2021, Dr Jae Hui Kim from South Korea, and the journal "Retina"; in accordance with the TMSD, AMD research trends have not changed significantly since 2014, as the top 4 categories for 3 citing, active, and cited articles have not changed, in sequence (Ophthalmology, Science & Technology - Other Topics, General & Internal Medicine, Pharmacology & Pharmacy). CONCLUSION The introduced TMSD, which incorporates the FLCA algorithm and features in 3 columns-cited, active, and citing research categories-offers readers clearer insights into research developments compared to the traditional dual-map overlays from CiteSpace software. Such tools are especially valuable for streamlining the visualization of the intricate data often seen in bibliometric studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsin-Ying Lin
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Yong Kang, Tainan City, Taiwan
| | - Willy Chou
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Chiali Chi-Mei Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Chung San Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Tsair-Wei Chien
- Department of Medical Research, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Tsen Yeh
- Medical School, St. George’s, University of London, United Kingdom
| | - Shu-Chun Kuo
- Department of Optometry, Chung Hwa University of Medical Technology, Tainan, Taiwan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Yong Kang, Tainan City, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Yao Hsu
- Department of Optometry, Chung Hwa University of Medical Technology, Tainan, Taiwan
- Department of Ophthalmology, An Nan Hospital, China Medical University, Tainan, Taiwan
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Wu Z, Hadoux X, Jannaud M, Glover EK, Gee EE, Hodgson LAB, van Wijngaarden P, Guymer RH. Visual Sensitivity Loss in Geographic Atrophy: Structure-Function Evaluation Using Defect-Mapping Microperimetry. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2024; 65:36. [PMID: 38241029 PMCID: PMC10807497 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.65.1.36] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/01/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose To examine the structure-function relationship in eyes with geographic atrophy (GA) using defect-mapping microperimetry, a testing strategy optimized to quantify the spatial extent of deep visual sensitivity losses. Methods Fifty participants with GA underwent defect-mapping microperimetry testing of the central 8°-radius region (208 locations tested once with a 10-decibel stimuli) and fundus autofluorescence imaging in one eye. The GA extent in the corresponding central 8°-radius was derived by manual annotations and image co-registration to examine the global structure-function relationship. The distance of each test location from the GA margin was also derived, and regions defined, to examine the local structure-function relationship. Results GA extent in the central 8° explained a substantial proportion of variance in the percentage of locations missed (nonresponse) on microperimetry at the global level (R2 = 0.90). At a local level, the probability of missing stimuli at the outer junctional zone (0-500 µm outside the GA margin) and GA margin (probability = 7% and 34%, respectively) was higher than at the outer nonlesional zone (>500 µm outside the GA margin; probability = 2%; P < 0.001 for both). The probability of missing stimuli at the inner junctional zone (0-250 µm inside the GA margin) was also lower than at the inner lesional zone (>250 µm inside the GA margin; probability = 64% and 88%; P < 0.001). Conclusions This study confirms the expected functional relevance of the region with GA on fundus autofluorescence imaging and underscores the potential effectiveness of defect-mapping microperimetry testing for capturing visual function changes when evaluating new GA treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhichao Wu
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, East Melbourne, Australia
- Ophthalmology, Department of Surgery, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Xavier Hadoux
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, East Melbourne, Australia
- Ophthalmology, Department of Surgery, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Maxime Jannaud
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, East Melbourne, Australia
| | - Emily K. Glover
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, East Melbourne, Australia
| | - Erin E. Gee
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, East Melbourne, Australia
| | - Lauren A. B. Hodgson
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, East Melbourne, Australia
| | - Peter van Wijngaarden
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, East Melbourne, Australia
- Ophthalmology, Department of Surgery, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Robyn H. Guymer
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, East Melbourne, Australia
- Ophthalmology, Department of Surgery, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
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42
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Nashine S, Kenney MC. Effects of Humanin G (HNG) on angiogenesis and neurodegeneration markers in Age-related Macular Degeneration (AMD). Mitochondrion 2024; 74:101818. [PMID: 38029849 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2023.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Advanced stages of Age-related Macular Degeneration (AMD) are characterized by retinal neurodegeneration and aberrant angiogenesis, and mitochondrial dysfunction contributes to the pathogenesis of AMD. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that Humanin G (HNG), a cytoprotective mitochondrial-derived peptide, positively regulates cell proliferation, cell death, and the protein levels of angiogenesis and neurodegeneration markers, in normal (control) and AMD RPE transmitochondrial cybrid cell lines. These normal and AMD RPE transmitochondrial cybrid cell lines had identical nuclei derived from mitochondria-deficient ARPE-19 cell line, but differed in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) content that was derived from clinically characterized AMD patients and normal (control) subjects. Cell lysates were extracted from untreated and HNG-treated AMD and normal (control) cybrid cell lines, and the Luminex XMAP multiplex assay was used to examine the protein levels of angiogenesis and neurodegeneration markers. Humanin G reduced Caspase-3/7-mediated apoptosis, improved cell proliferation, and normalized the protein levels of angiogenesis and neurodegeneration markers in AMD RPE cybrid cell lines, thereby suggesting Humanin G's positive regulatory role in AMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonali Nashine
- Department of Ophthalmology, Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - M Cristina Kenney
- Department of Ophthalmology, Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.
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Malih S, Song YS, Sorenson CM, Sheibani N. Choroidal Mast Cells and Pathophysiology of Age-Related Macular Degeneration. Cells 2023; 13:50. [PMID: 38201254 PMCID: PMC10778483 DOI: 10.3390/cells13010050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) remains a leading cause of vision loss in elderly patients. Its etiology and progression are, however, deeply intertwined with various cellular and molecular interactions within the retina and choroid. Among the key cellular players least studied are choroidal mast cells, with important roles in immune and allergic responses. Here, we will review what is known regarding the pathophysiology of AMD and expand on the recently proposed intricate roles of choroidal mast cells and their activation in outer retinal degeneration and AMD pathogenesis. We will focus on choroidal mast cell activation, the release of their bioactive mediators, and potential impact on ocular oxidative stress, inflammation, and overall retinal and choroidal health. We propose an important role for thrombospondin-1 (TSP1), a major ocular angioinflammatory factor, in regulation of choroidal mast cell homeostasis and activation in AMD pathogenesis. Drawing from limited studies, this review underscores the need for further comprehensive studies aimed at understanding the precise roles changes in TSP1 levels and choroidal mast cell activity play in pathophysiology of AMD. We will also propose potential therapeutic strategies targeting these regulatory pathways, and highlighting the promise they hold for curbing AMD progression through modulation of mast cell activity. In conclusion, the evolving understanding of the role of choroidal mast cells in AMD pathogenesis will not only offer deeper insights into the underlying mechanisms but will also offer opportunities for development of novel preventive strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Malih
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53705, USA; (S.M.); (Y.-S.S.)
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran 15614, Iran
| | - Yong-Seok Song
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53705, USA; (S.M.); (Y.-S.S.)
- McPherson Eye Research Institute, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53705, USA;
| | - Christine M. Sorenson
- McPherson Eye Research Institute, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53705, USA;
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Nader Sheibani
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53705, USA; (S.M.); (Y.-S.S.)
- McPherson Eye Research Institute, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53705, USA;
- Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53705, USA
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44
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Babapoor-Farrokhran S, Qin Y, Flores-Bellver M, Niu Y, Bhutto IA, Aparicio-Domingo S, Guo C, Rodrigues M, Domashevich T, Deshpande M, Megarity H, Chopde R, Eberhart CG, Canto-Soler V, Montaner S, Sodhi A. Pathologic vs. protective roles of hypoxia-inducible factor 1 in RPE and photoreceptors in wet vs. dry age-related macular degeneration. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2302845120. [PMID: 38055741 PMCID: PMC10723156 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2302845120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023] Open
Abstract
It has previously been reported that antioxidant vitamins can help reduce the risk of vision loss associated with progression to advanced age-related macular degeneration (AMD), a leading cause of visual impairment among the elderly. Nonetheless, how oxidative stress contributes to the development of choroidal neovascularization (CNV) in some AMD patients and geographic atrophy (GA) in others is poorly understood. Here, we provide evidence demonstrating that oxidative stress cooperates with hypoxia to synergistically stimulate the accumulation of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α in the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), resulting in increased expression of the HIF-1-dependent angiogenic mediators that promote CNV. HIF-1 inhibition blocked the expression of these angiogenic mediators and prevented CNV development in an animal model of ocular oxidative stress, demonstrating the pathological role of HIF-1 in response to oxidative stress stimulation in neovascular AMD. While human-induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC)-derived RPE monolayers exposed to chemical oxidants resulted in disorganization and disruption of their normal architecture, RPE cells proved remarkably resistant to oxidative stress. Conversely, equivalent doses of chemical oxidants resulted in apoptosis of hiPSC-derived retinal photoreceptors. Pharmacologic inhibition of HIF-1 in the mouse retina enhanced-while HIF-1 augmentation reduced-photoreceptor apoptosis in two mouse models for oxidative stress, consistent with a protective role for HIF-1 in photoreceptors in patients with advanced dry AMD. Collectively, these results suggest that in patients with AMD, increased expression of HIF-1α in RPE exposed to oxidative stress promotes the development of CNV, but inadequate HIF-1α expression in photoreceptors contributes to the development of GA.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yu Qin
- Wilmer Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD21287
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang110005, China
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eye Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang110005, China
- Key Lens Research Laboratory of Liaoning Province, Shenyang110005, China
| | - Miguel Flores-Bellver
- CellSight Ocular Stem Cell and Regeneration Research Program, Department of Ophthalmology, Sue Anschutz-Rodgers Eye Center, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO80045
| | - Yueqi Niu
- Wilmer Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD21287
| | - Imran A. Bhutto
- Wilmer Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD21287
| | - Silvia Aparicio-Domingo
- CellSight Ocular Stem Cell and Regeneration Research Program, Department of Ophthalmology, Sue Anschutz-Rodgers Eye Center, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO80045
| | - Chuanyu Guo
- Wilmer Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD21287
| | - Murilo Rodrigues
- Wilmer Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD21287
| | - Timothy Domashevich
- CellSight Ocular Stem Cell and Regeneration Research Program, Department of Ophthalmology, Sue Anschutz-Rodgers Eye Center, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO80045
| | - Monika Deshpande
- Wilmer Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD21287
| | - Haley Megarity
- Wilmer Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD21287
| | - Rakesh Chopde
- Wilmer Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD21287
| | - Charles G. Eberhart
- Wilmer Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD21287
| | - Valeria Canto-Soler
- CellSight Ocular Stem Cell and Regeneration Research Program, Department of Ophthalmology, Sue Anschutz-Rodgers Eye Center, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO80045
| | - Silvia Montaner
- Department of Oncology and Diagnostic Sciences, Greenebaum Cancer Center, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD21201
| | - Akrit Sodhi
- Wilmer Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD21287
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45
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Heljak MK, Swieszkowski W. Investigating bevacizumab and its fragments sustained release from intravitreal administrated PLGA Microspheres: A modeling approach. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2023; 193:285-293. [PMID: 37984593 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2023.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Intravitreal administrated bevacizumab has emerged as an effective antibody for suppressing VEGF expression in age-related macular degeneration (AMD) therapy. This study discusses certain issues related to the sustained release of bevacizumab from intravitreal poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) microspheres. A computational model elucidating the ocular kinetics of bevacizumab is demonstrated, wherein the release of the drug from PLGA microspheres is modeled using the Koizumi approach, complemented by an empirical model that links the kinetics of bevacizumab release to a size-dependent hydrolytic degradation of the drug-loaded polymeric microparticles. The results of the simulation were then rigorously validated against experimental data. The as-developed model proved remarkably accurate in predicting the time-concentration profiles obtained following the intravitreal injection of PLGA microspheres of significantly different sizes. Notably, the time-concentration profiles of bevacizumab in distinct ocular tissues were almost unaffected by the size of the intravitreally administered PLGA microparticles. Furthermore, the model successfully predicted the retinal concentration of bevacizumab and its fragments (e.g., ranibizumab) administrated in the form of a solution. As such, this model for drug sustained release and ocular transport holds tremendous potential for facilitating the reliable evaluation of planned anti-VEGF therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcin K Heljak
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, ul. Wołoska 141, 02-507 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Wojciech Swieszkowski
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, ul. Wołoska 141, 02-507 Warsaw, Poland
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46
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Nadeem A, Malik IA, Shariq F, Afridi EK, Taha M, Raufi N, Naveed AK, Iqbal J, Habte A. Advancements in the treatment of geographic atrophy: focus on pegcetacoplan in age-related macular degeneration. Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2023; 85:6067-6077. [PMID: 38098608 PMCID: PMC10718344 DOI: 10.1097/ms9.0000000000001466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Geographic atrophy (GA) is a progressive form of age-related macular degeneration characterized by the degeneration of retinal pigment epithelial cells and photoreceptor death. The dysregulation of the complement cascade has been implicated in GA progression. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the pathophysiology of age-related macular degeneration and GA, discusses current therapeutic options, and focuses on the recent breakthrough drug, pegcetacoplan (SYFOVRE). Pegcetacoplan is a complement inhibitor that selectively targets the C3 complement protein, effectively modulating complement activation. Clinical trials, including the OAKS and DERBY studies, have demonstrated the efficacy of SYFOVRE in reducing the growth of GA lesions compared to placebo. The FDA approval of SYFOVRE as the first and only definitive therapy for GA marks a significant milestone in the management of this debilitating condition. The review also explores potential future treatment strategies, including immune-modulating agents and ocular gene therapy. While SYFOVRE offers new hope for GA patients, further research is needed to evaluate its long-term benefits, safety profile, and optimal treatment regimens.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Nahid Raufi
- Department of Medicine, Kabul Medical University, Afghanistan
| | - Ahmed K. Naveed
- Department of Medicine, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi
| | - Javed Iqbal
- King Edward Medical University Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Alexander Habte
- Department of Surgery, Assab Military Hospital, Assab, Eritrea
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47
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Lee IK, Xie R, Luz-Madrigal A, Min S, Zhu J, Jin J, Edwards KL, Phillips MJ, Ludwig AL, Gamm DM, Gong S, Ma Z. Micromolded honeycomb scaffold design to support the generation of a bilayered RPE and photoreceptor cell construct. Bioact Mater 2023; 30:142-153. [PMID: 37575875 PMCID: PMC10415596 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2023.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) causes blindness due to loss of retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and photoreceptors (PRs), which comprise the two outermost layers of the retina. Given the small size of the macula and the importance of direct contact between RPE and PRs, the use of scaffolds for targeted reconstruction of the outer retina in later stage AMD and other macular dystrophies is particularly attractive. We developed microfabricated, honeycomb-patterned, biodegradable poly(glycerol sebacate) (PGS) scaffolds to deliver organized, adjacent layers of RPE and PRs to the subretinal space. Furthermore, an optimized process was developed to photocure PGS, shortening scaffold production time from days to minutes. The resulting scaffolds robustly supported the seeding of human pluripotent stem cell-derived RPE and PRs, either separately or as a dual cell-layered construct. These advanced, economical, and versatile scaffolds can accelerate retinal cell transplantation efforts and benefit patients with AMD and other retinal degenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- In-Kyu Lee
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
- Wisconsin Institute for Discovery, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53715, USA
| | - Ruosen Xie
- Wisconsin Institute for Discovery, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53715, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
- McPherson Eye Research Institute, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
| | - Agustin Luz-Madrigal
- McPherson Eye Research Institute, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
- Waisman Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Seunghwan Min
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
- Wisconsin Institute for Discovery, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53715, USA
| | - Jingcheng Zhu
- Wisconsin Institute for Discovery, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53715, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Jiahe Jin
- Waisman Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
| | | | - M. Joseph Phillips
- Waisman Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
| | - Allison L. Ludwig
- McPherson Eye Research Institute, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
| | - David M. Gamm
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
- McPherson Eye Research Institute, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
- Waisman Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Shaoqin Gong
- Wisconsin Institute for Discovery, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53715, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
- McPherson Eye Research Institute, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
| | - Zhenqiang Ma
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
- Department of Engineering Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
- Grainger Institute for Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
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48
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Shwani T, Zhang C, Owen LA, Shakoor A, Vitale AT, Lillvis JH, Barr JL, Cromwell P, Finley R, Husami N, Au E, Zavala RA, Graves EC, Zhang SX, Farkas MH, Ammar DA, Allison KM, Tawfik A, Sherva RM, Li M, Stambolian D, Kim IK, Farrer LA, DeAngelis MM. Patterns of Gene Expression, Splicing, and Allele-Specific Expression Vary among Macular Tissues and Clinical Stages of Age-Related Macular Degeneration. Cells 2023; 12:2668. [PMID: 38067097 PMCID: PMC10705168 DOI: 10.3390/cells12232668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Revised: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a leading cause of blindness, and elucidating its underlying disease mechanisms is vital to the development of appropriate therapeutics. We identified differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and differentially spliced genes (DSGs) across the clinical stages of AMD in disease-affected tissue, the macular retina pigment epithelium (RPE)/choroid and the macular neural retina within the same eye. We utilized 27 deeply phenotyped donor eyes (recovered within a 6 h postmortem interval time) from Caucasian donors (60-94 years) using a standardized published protocol. Significant findings were then validated in an independent set of well-characterized donor eyes (n = 85). There was limited overlap between DEGs and DSGs, suggesting distinct mechanisms at play in AMD pathophysiology. A greater number of previously reported AMD loci overlapped with DSGs compared to DEGs between disease states, and no DEG overlap with previously reported loci was found in the macular retina between disease states. Additionally, we explored allele-specific expression (ASE) in coding regions of previously reported AMD risk loci, uncovering a significant imbalance in C3 rs2230199 and CFH rs1061170 in the macular RPE/choroid for normal eyes and intermediate AMD (iAMD), and for CFH rs1061147 in the macular RPE/choroid for normal eyes and iAMD, and separately neovascular AMD (NEO). Only significant DEGs/DSGs from the macular RPE/choroid were found to overlap between disease states. STAT1, validated between the iAMD vs. normal comparison, and AGTPBP1, BBS5, CERKL, FGFBP2, KIFC3, RORα, and ZNF292, validated between the NEO vs. normal comparison, revealed an intricate regulatory network with transcription factors and miRNAs identifying potential upstream and downstream regulators. Findings regarding the complement genes C3 and CFH suggest that coding variants at these loci may influence AMD development via an imbalance of gene expression in a tissue-specific manner. Our study provides crucial insights into the multifaceted genomic underpinnings of AMD (i.e., tissue-specific gene expression changes, potential splice variation, and allelic imbalance), which may open new avenues for AMD diagnostics and therapies specific to iAMD and NEO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Treefa Shwani
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ross Eye Institute, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA; (T.S.); (C.Z.); (L.A.O.); (J.H.L.); (J.L.B.); (P.C.); (R.F.); (N.H.); (E.A.); (R.A.Z.); (E.C.G.); (S.X.Z.); (M.H.F.)
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA
| | - Charles Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ross Eye Institute, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA; (T.S.); (C.Z.); (L.A.O.); (J.H.L.); (J.L.B.); (P.C.); (R.F.); (N.H.); (E.A.); (R.A.Z.); (E.C.G.); (S.X.Z.); (M.H.F.)
| | - Leah A. Owen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ross Eye Institute, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA; (T.S.); (C.Z.); (L.A.O.); (J.H.L.); (J.L.B.); (P.C.); (R.F.); (N.H.); (E.A.); (R.A.Z.); (E.C.G.); (S.X.Z.); (M.H.F.)
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Utah School of Medicine, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA; (A.S.); (A.T.V.)
- Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Utah School of Medicine, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Utah School of Medicine, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA
| | - Akbar Shakoor
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Utah School of Medicine, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA; (A.S.); (A.T.V.)
| | - Albert T. Vitale
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Utah School of Medicine, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA; (A.S.); (A.T.V.)
| | - John H. Lillvis
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ross Eye Institute, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA; (T.S.); (C.Z.); (L.A.O.); (J.H.L.); (J.L.B.); (P.C.); (R.F.); (N.H.); (E.A.); (R.A.Z.); (E.C.G.); (S.X.Z.); (M.H.F.)
- Veterans Administration Western New York Healthcare System, Buffalo, NY 14212, USA
| | - Julie L. Barr
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ross Eye Institute, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA; (T.S.); (C.Z.); (L.A.O.); (J.H.L.); (J.L.B.); (P.C.); (R.F.); (N.H.); (E.A.); (R.A.Z.); (E.C.G.); (S.X.Z.); (M.H.F.)
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA
| | - Parker Cromwell
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ross Eye Institute, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA; (T.S.); (C.Z.); (L.A.O.); (J.H.L.); (J.L.B.); (P.C.); (R.F.); (N.H.); (E.A.); (R.A.Z.); (E.C.G.); (S.X.Z.); (M.H.F.)
| | - Robert Finley
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ross Eye Institute, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA; (T.S.); (C.Z.); (L.A.O.); (J.H.L.); (J.L.B.); (P.C.); (R.F.); (N.H.); (E.A.); (R.A.Z.); (E.C.G.); (S.X.Z.); (M.H.F.)
| | - Nadine Husami
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ross Eye Institute, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA; (T.S.); (C.Z.); (L.A.O.); (J.H.L.); (J.L.B.); (P.C.); (R.F.); (N.H.); (E.A.); (R.A.Z.); (E.C.G.); (S.X.Z.); (M.H.F.)
| | - Elizabeth Au
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ross Eye Institute, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA; (T.S.); (C.Z.); (L.A.O.); (J.H.L.); (J.L.B.); (P.C.); (R.F.); (N.H.); (E.A.); (R.A.Z.); (E.C.G.); (S.X.Z.); (M.H.F.)
| | - Rylee A. Zavala
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ross Eye Institute, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA; (T.S.); (C.Z.); (L.A.O.); (J.H.L.); (J.L.B.); (P.C.); (R.F.); (N.H.); (E.A.); (R.A.Z.); (E.C.G.); (S.X.Z.); (M.H.F.)
| | - Elijah C. Graves
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ross Eye Institute, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA; (T.S.); (C.Z.); (L.A.O.); (J.H.L.); (J.L.B.); (P.C.); (R.F.); (N.H.); (E.A.); (R.A.Z.); (E.C.G.); (S.X.Z.); (M.H.F.)
| | - Sarah X. Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ross Eye Institute, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA; (T.S.); (C.Z.); (L.A.O.); (J.H.L.); (J.L.B.); (P.C.); (R.F.); (N.H.); (E.A.); (R.A.Z.); (E.C.G.); (S.X.Z.); (M.H.F.)
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA
| | - Michael H. Farkas
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ross Eye Institute, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA; (T.S.); (C.Z.); (L.A.O.); (J.H.L.); (J.L.B.); (P.C.); (R.F.); (N.H.); (E.A.); (R.A.Z.); (E.C.G.); (S.X.Z.); (M.H.F.)
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA
- Veterans Administration Western New York Healthcare System, Buffalo, NY 14212, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA
| | - David A. Ammar
- Lion’s Eye Institute for Transplant & Research, Tampa, FL 33605, USA;
| | - Karen M. Allison
- Department of Ophthalmology, Flaum Eye Institute, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14642, USA;
| | - Amany Tawfik
- Department of Foundational Medical Studies and Eye Research Center, Oakland University William Beaumont School of Medicine, Rochester, MI 48309, USA;
- Eye Research Institute, Oakland University, Rochester, MI 48309, USA
| | - Richard M. Sherva
- Department of Medicine (Biomedical Genetics), Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA; (R.M.S.); (L.A.F.)
| | - Mingyao Li
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA;
| | - Dwight Stambolian
- Department of Ophthalmology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA;
| | - Ivana K. Kim
- Retina Service, Massachusetts Eye & Ear, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA;
| | - Lindsay A. Farrer
- Department of Medicine (Biomedical Genetics), Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA; (R.M.S.); (L.A.F.)
| | - Margaret M. DeAngelis
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ross Eye Institute, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA; (T.S.); (C.Z.); (L.A.O.); (J.H.L.); (J.L.B.); (P.C.); (R.F.); (N.H.); (E.A.); (R.A.Z.); (E.C.G.); (S.X.Z.); (M.H.F.)
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Utah School of Medicine, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA; (A.S.); (A.T.V.)
- Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Utah School of Medicine, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA
- Veterans Administration Western New York Healthcare System, Buffalo, NY 14212, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA
- Genetics, Genomics and Bioinformatics Graduate Program, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA
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49
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Cristante E, Liyanage SE, Smith AJ, Ali RR, Bainbridge JWB. Role of HIF1α and HIF2α in Cre Recombinase-Induced Retinal Pigment Epithelium Pathology and Its Secondary Effect on Choroidal Neovascularization. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2023; 193:1694-1705. [PMID: 37330004 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2023.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
CreTrp1 mice are widely used for conditional retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) gene function studies. Like other Cre/LoxP models, phenotypes in CreTrp1 mice can be affected by Cre-mediated cellular toxicity, leading to RPE dysfunction, altered morphology and atrophy, activation of innate immunity, and consequent impairment of photoreceptor function. These effects are common among the age-related alterations of RPE that feature in early/intermediate forms of age-related macular degeneration. This article characterizes Cre-mediated pathology in the CreTrp1 line to elucidate the impact of RPE degeneration on both developmental and pathologic choroidal neovascularization. Nonredundant roles of the two major components of the hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) family of transcription regulators, HIF1α and HIF2α, were identified. Genetic ablation of Hif1a protected against Cre-induced degeneration of RPE and choroid, whereas ablation of Hif2a exacerbated this degeneration. Furthermore, HIF1α deficiency protected CreTrp1 mice against laser-induced choroidal neovascularization, whereas HIF2α deficiency exacerbated the phenotype. Cre-mediated degeneration of the RPE in CreTrp1 mice offers an opportunity to investigate the impact of hypoxia signaling in the context of RPE degeneration. These findings indicate that HIF1α promotes Cre recombinase-mediated RPE degeneration and laser-induced choroidal neovascularization, whereas HIF2α is protective.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Alexander J Smith
- Centre for Cell and Gene Therapy, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Robin R Ali
- Centre for Cell and Gene Therapy, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - James W B Bainbridge
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology London, United Kingdom; NIHR Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom.
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Chhatwal S, Antony H, Lamei S, Kovács-Öller T, Klettner AK, Zille M. A systematic review of the cell death mechanisms in retinal pigment epithelium cells and photoreceptors after subretinal hemorrhage - Implications for treatment options. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 167:115572. [PMID: 37742603 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Humans rely on vision as their most important sense. This is accomplished by photoreceptors (PRs) in the retina that detect light but cannot function without the support and maintenance of the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE). In subretinal hemorrhage (SRH), blood accumulates between the neurosensory retina and the RPE or between the RPE and the choroid. Blood breakdown products subsequently damage PRs and the RPE and lead to poor vision and blindness. Hence, there is a high need for options to preserve the retina and visual functions. We conducted a systematic review of the literature in accordance with the PRISMA guidelines to identify the cell death mechanisms in RPE and PRs after SRH to deepen our understanding of the pathways involved. After screening 736 publications published until November 8, 2022, we identified 19 records that assessed cell death in PRs and/or RPE in experimental models of SRH. Among the different cell death mechanisms, apoptosis was the most widely investigated mechanism (11 records), followed by ferroptosis (4), whereas necroptosis, pyroptosis, and lysosome-dependent cell death were only assessed in one study each. We discuss different therapeutic options that were assessed in these studies, including the removal of the hematoma/iron chelation, cytoprotection, anti-inflammatory agents, and antioxidants. Further systematic investigations will be necessary to determine the exact cell death mechanisms after SRH with respect to different blood breakdown components, cell types, and time courses. This will form the basis for the development of novel treatment options for SRH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sirjan Chhatwal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Henrike Antony
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Saman Lamei
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Tamás Kovács-Öller
- János Szentágothai Research Centre, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary; Institute of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Alexa Karina Klettner
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center, University of Kiel, Quincke Research Center, Kiel, Germany
| | - Marietta Zille
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Vienna, Austria.
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