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Montes ML, Errico LA, Mercader RC, Taylor MA. Review and statistical analysis of activity values reported for coastal sands worldwide. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 364:143201. [PMID: 39214408 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.143201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2024] [Revised: 08/26/2024] [Accepted: 08/27/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
The activity of natural radionuclides is unevenly distributed across the Earth's crust, with certain areas exhibiting significantly higher levels than others, known as High Background Radiation Areas (HBRAs). This study presents a statistical analysis of reported activity values for coastal sands globally. Through this statistical analysis, costal sands were classified into four categories based on their activity levels, providing a standardized framework to compare the natural radioactivity of these sands. This classification is a valuable tool for identifying populations exposed to different radiation levels, which is essential for the study of stochastic effects. The study proposes thresholds to define HBRAs as regions with activity values exceeding 203 Bq/kg for 238U, 517 Bq/kg for 232Th, or 960 Bq/kg for 40K. Regions with lower values are classified as NonHBRAs. Further subdivision of these categories resulted in four distinct regions: NonHBRA-, NonHBRA+, HBRA-, and HBRA+. The activity values for these subdivisions are 92 Bq/kg and 2,903 Bq/kg for 238U, 94 Bq/kg and 7,230 Bq/kg for 232Th, and 901 Bq/kg and 2,298 Bq/kg for 40K. By calculating the external dose rates from the reported activity data, a threshold of 357 nGy/h was identified as the dose boundary separating NonHBRAs from HBRAs. The values for the subdivisions resulted 101 nGy/h and 3,867 nGy/h. The study also explores the content of these natural radionuclides in relation to their bearing minerals and discusses correlations between the reported activity values and the characteristics of the sands. Additionally, the activity of the anthropogenic radionuclide 137Cs (reported values ranging from the detection limit to 63 Bq/kg) is examined.
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Affiliation(s)
- M L Montes
- IFLP- CONICET- CCT La Plata, CC 67, 115 & 49, 1900, La Plata, Argentina; Departamento de Física, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Argentina.
| | - L A Errico
- IFLP- CONICET- CCT La Plata, CC 67, 115 & 49, 1900, La Plata, Argentina; Departamento de Física, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Argentina; UNNOBA, Argentina
| | - R C Mercader
- IFLP- CONICET- CCT La Plata, CC 67, 115 & 49, 1900, La Plata, Argentina; Departamento de Física, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Argentina
| | - M A Taylor
- IFLP- CONICET- CCT La Plata, CC 67, 115 & 49, 1900, La Plata, Argentina; Departamento de Física, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Argentina; Facultad de Ingeniería UNLP, La Plata, Argentina
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Shrestha AK, Shrestha GK, Shah BR, Koirala RP. Assessment of radioactivity in sand samples from eastern Nepal in perspective of radiological hazards. RADIATION PROTECTION DOSIMETRY 2024; 200:429-436. [PMID: 38221673 DOI: 10.1093/rpd/ncad324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
This study was conducted to investigate the activity concentrations of 226Ra, 232Th and 40K in the sand samples and the health hazards associated with them utilizing a NaI (Tl) gamma spectrometer. The average activity concentrations of 226Ra, 232Th and 40K were found to be 24.8 ± 10.1, 39.8 ± 16.4 and 531.3 ± 52.8 Bq kg-1, respectively. The calculated radiological hazard parameters, including radium equivalent activity, absorbed gamma dose and effective dose rate, were found to be 122.7 ± 34.0 Bq kg-1, 57.7 ± 14.9 nGy h-1 and 0.3 ± 0.1 mSv y-1, respectively. Notably, these results were observed to be below the recommended thresholds. Other measured hazard indices were also lower than the prescribed values. From a radiological perspective, the present study concludes that the sand samples do not pose any threat to human health when utilized as a building material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arun Kumar Shrestha
- Damak Multiple Campus, Tribhuvan University, Damak, Nepal
- Central Department of Physics, Tribhuvan University, Kirtipur, Nepal
| | | | | | - Ram Prasad Koirala
- Mahendra Morang Adarsh Multiple Campus, Tribhuvan University, Biratnagar, Nepal
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Siraz MMM, Kamal MH, Khan ZH, Alam MS, Al Mahmud J, Rashid MB, Khandaker MU, Osman H, Yeasmin S. Evaluation of radioactivity in soil and rock samples from an undiscovered sea beach in the southeastern coastline of Bangladesh and associated health risk. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2023; 195:1028. [PMID: 37558890 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-023-11636-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
This study marks the first-ever assessment of radiological hazards linked to the sands and rocks of Patuartek Sea Beach, situated along one of the world's longest sea beaches in Cox' Bazar of Bangladesh. Through the utilization of an HPGe detector, a comprehensive analysis of the activity concentrations of 226Ra, 232Th, and 40 K was conducted, and their activity ranged from 7 to 23 Bq/kg, 9-58 Bq/kg, and 172-340 Bq/kg, respectively, in soils, and 19-24 Bq/kg, 27-39 Bq/kg, and 340-410 Bq/kg, respectively, in rocks. Some sand samples exhibited elevated levels of 232Th, while the rock samples displayed higher levels of 40 K compared to the global average. The radiological hazard parameters were assessed, and no values surpassed the recommended limits set by several international organizations. Hence, the sands and rocks of Patuartek sea beach pose no significant radiological risk to the residents or tourists. The findings of this study provide crucial insights for the development of a radiological baseline map in the country, which is important due to the commissioning of the country's first nuclear power plant Rooppur Nuclear Power Plant. The data may also stimulate interest in the rare-earth minerals present in the area, which is important for the electronics industry, thorium-based nuclear fuel cycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- M M Mahfuz Siraz
- Health Physics Division, Atomic Energy Centre, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Md Hossain Kamal
- Department of Physics, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh
| | | | - M S Alam
- Department of Nuclear Engineering, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Jubair Al Mahmud
- Department of Nuclear Engineering, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Md Bazlar Rashid
- Geological Survey of Bangladesh, Segunbaghicha, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Mayeen Uddin Khandaker
- Centre for Applied Physics and Radiation Technologies, School of Engineering and Technology, Sunway University, Selangor, 47500, Bandar Sunway, Malaysia
- Department of General Educational Development, Faculty of Science and Information Technology, Daffodil International University, DIU Rd, Dhaka, 1341, Bangladesh
| | - Hamid Osman
- Department of Radiological Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, 21944, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - S Yeasmin
- Health Physics Division, Atomic Energy Centre, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh.
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Akuo-ko EO, Adelikhah M, Amponsem E, Csordás A, Kovács T. Radiological assessment in beach sediment of coastline, Ghana. Heliyon 2023; 9:e16690. [PMID: 37260905 PMCID: PMC10227337 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e16690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The natural and artificial radioactivity in beach sediment sampled from the coastline of Ghana were analyzed using High Purity Germanium gamma ray detector. The overall average activity concentrations of 226Ra, 232Th, 40K and 137Cs were estimated to be 43 ± 6, 22 ± 1, 393 ± 74 and 8.4 ± 0.5 Bqkg-1, respectively. Apart from 226Ra the mean activity concentrations of the measured radionuclides were below the world averages of 32, 45, 412 and 18.2 Bqkg-1 respectively. High 137Cs mean concentration of 109.8 Bqkg-1 was observed for one of the locations, which might be due to the occurrence of a nuclear incidence or other factors. The evaluated radiological parameters also had values below world averages, except for some coastal areas which recorded Annual Gonadal Dose Equivalent (AGDE) values higher than the reference level of 300 μSvy-1. There was no significant risk associated with the radionuclide activities evaluated along the coast of Ghana. The correlation between the radionuclides and the radiological parameters were analyzed with the Pearson correlation matrix, cluster and PCA analysis, and they all showed similar outcomes. Spatial distribution maps were also created using ArcGIS software for a pictorial view of the distribution of radionuclides along the study area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther Osei Akuo-ko
- Institute of Radiochemistry and Radioecology, Research Centre for Biochemical, Environmental and Chemical Engineering, University of Pannonia, 8200 Veszprém, Hungary
| | - Mohammademad Adelikhah
- Institute of Radiochemistry and Radioecology, Research Centre for Biochemical, Environmental and Chemical Engineering, University of Pannonia, 8200 Veszprém, Hungary
| | | | - Anita Csordás
- Institute of Radiochemistry and Radioecology, Research Centre for Biochemical, Environmental and Chemical Engineering, University of Pannonia, 8200 Veszprém, Hungary
| | - Tibor Kovács
- Institute of Radiochemistry and Radioecology, Research Centre for Biochemical, Environmental and Chemical Engineering, University of Pannonia, 8200 Veszprém, Hungary
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Al Shaaibi M, Ali J, Tsikouras B, Masri Z. Environmental radioactivity assessment of the Brunei Darussalam coastline of the South China Sea. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 323:121288. [PMID: 36791947 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Radioactivity levels of naturally occurring radionuclides at the coast of Brunei Darussalam were evaluated along with their dose rates. Twenty-six berm and intertidal sediment samples were measured using gamma-ray spectrometry. The mean activity concentrations of 226Ra, 232Th and 40K in berm sediments were 10.07 ± 1.02 Bq/kg, below the minimum detectable activity, and 21.44 ± 1.23 Bq/kg, respectively, whereas for intertidal sediments they were 7.01 ± 0.87, 1.67 ± 0.15 and 4.99 ± 0.42 Bq/kg, respectively. With respect to the radiological health risk, the average hazard indices, absorbed gamma dose rate, effective dose equivalent, and excess lifetime cancer risk were found to be less than the global average. Calculation of the activity ratio showed that 40K is the main source of radiation in the coastal sediments. Furthermore, the difference in radioactivity levels between the berm sediments and intertidal sediments collected at the same location was investigated. Finally, a standard geological terminology of the littoral zone profile is proposed for describing coastal samples for universal communication among researchers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Al Shaaibi
- Faculty of Science, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Jalan Tungku Link, BE1410, Brunei; Water Quality Section, Operation Directorate, Public Authority of Water, Oman
| | - Juma Ali
- Food Safety and Quality Center, Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Water Resources, Oman
| | - Basilios Tsikouras
- Faculty of Science, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Jalan Tungku Link, BE1410, Brunei
| | - Zarifi Masri
- Faculty of Science, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Jalan Tungku Link, BE1410, Brunei.
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Measurement of natural radioactivity and radiation hazard assessment in the soil samples of Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India. J INDIAN CHEM SOC 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jics.2022.100856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Hu D, Zeng J, Hu Y, Fei X, Xiao X, Feng M, Yu X. A survey on heavy metal concentrations in residential neighborhoods: The influence of secondary water supply systems. J Environ Sci (China) 2022; 117:37-45. [PMID: 35725087 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2021.12.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Revised: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Water quality deterioration often occurs in secondary water supply systems (SWSSs), and increased heavy metal concentrations can be a serious problem. In this survey, twelve residential neighborhoods were selected to investigate the influence of SWSSs on the seasonal changes in heavy metal concentrations from input water to tank and tap water. The concentrations of nine evaluated heavy metals in all groups of water samples were found to be far below the specified standard levels in China. The concentrations of Fe, Mn, and Zn increased significantly from the input water samples to the tank and tap water samples in spring and summer (p < 0.05), especially for the water samples that had been stagnant for a long time. Negative correlations were found between most of the heavy metals and residual chlorine (Fe, Cu, Zn, and As, r = -0.186 to -0.519, p < 0.05). In particular, a high negative correlation was observed between Fe and residual chlorine (r = -0.489 to -0.519, p < 0.01) in spring and summer. Fe and Mn displayed positive correlations with turbidity (r = 0.672 and 0.328, respectively; p < 0.05). In addition, Cr and As were found to be positively associated with some nutrients (NO3-, TN, and SO42-; r = 0.420-0.786, p < 0.01). The material of the storage tanks had little influence on the difference in heavy metal concentrations. Overall, this survey illustrated that SWSSs may pose a chronic threat to water quality and could provide useful information for practitioners.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Hu
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jie Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Yue Hu
- Freshwater Fishery Research Institute of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 210017, China
| | - Xiali Fei
- Xiamen Municipal Water Group. Ltd., Xiamen 361000, China
| | - Xinyan Xiao
- College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Mingbao Feng
- College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Xin Yu
- College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China.
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Determination of natural radionuclides and radioactive minerals in urban coastal zone of South India using Geospatial approach. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-022-08284-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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9
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A New Methodological Approach for the Assessment of the 238U Content in Drinking Water. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/app12073380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The radiological quality of drinking water is directly associated with the health of the population. Indeed, it is well known that the presence of radionuclides in drinking water constitutes a health risk for humans because the consumption of such water increases the likelihood of incurring cancer. For this reason, all the studies aimed at developing new methodologies for the qualitative and quantitative analysis of the radioisotopic composition of drinking water are absolutely desired by the international scientific community, as well as by the institutes that deal with the protection of public health. In this paper, a new methodological approach was developed for the evaluation of the 238U content in drinking water. A sample coming from Paola, Calabria region, southern Italy, was taken as a case study. The assessment was performed by using High Purity Germanium (HPGe) gamma-ray spectrometry, with the aim of quantifying the specific activity of the 234mPa radioisotope after a preconcentration procedure, and thus to assess the activity concentration of 238U, in the hypothesis of the secular radioactive equilibrium between it and its daughter. The obtained results were validated through the comparison with the 238U (µg/L) concentration as measured with Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS).
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Thangam V, Rajalakshmi A, Chandrasekaran A, Arun B, Viswanathan S, Venkatraman B, Bera S. Determination of natural radioactivity in beach sands collected along the coastal area of Tamilnadu, India using gamma ray spectrometry. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-022-08193-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Caridi F, Paladini G, Venuti V, Crupi V, Procopio S, Belvedere A, D’Agostino M, Faggio G, Grillo R, Marguccio S, Messina G, Majolino D. Radioactivity, Metals Pollution and Mineralogy Assessment of a Beach Stretch from the Ionian Coast of Calabria (Southern Italy). INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph182212147. [PMID: 34831901 PMCID: PMC8622863 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182212147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
In the present article, a case study is reported regarding an investigation carried out in order to assess radioactivity concentration, heavy metals pollution and mineralogy of a beach stretch extending from Soverato to Squillace municipalities of the Ionian coast of Calabria, South of Italy, a popular tourist destination, especially in summer. The analysis of radionuclides contents was performed by using a High Purity Germanium (HPGe) gamma-ray detector, in order to quantify the average specific activity of 226Ra, 232Th and 40K natural radionuclides and 137Cs anthropogenic radioisotope. The absorbed dose rate and the annual effective dose equivalent radiological hazard indices were also estimated. Furthermore, X-ray Fluorescence (XRF) spectrometry measurements were carried out for the quantitative elemental analysis of the sand, in order to investigate any possible chemical pollution by heavy metals. For this aim, different indices such as Enrichment Factor (EF), Geoaccumulation Index (Igeo), Contamination Factor (CF) and Pollution Load Index (PLI) were applied to estimate the level of toxicity imposed on the ecosystem by the detected heavy metals. Finally, in order to identify the crystalline mineral components of the investigated sand samples, X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and Micro-Raman Scattering (MRS) measurements were carried out.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Caridi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Matematiche e Informatiche, Scienze Fisiche e Scienze della Terra, Università degli Studi di Messina, V.le F. Stagno D’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy; (F.C.); (D.M.)
| | - Giuseppe Paladini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Matematiche e Informatiche, Scienze Fisiche e Scienze della Terra, Università degli Studi di Messina, V.le F. Stagno D’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy; (F.C.); (D.M.)
- Correspondence: (G.P.); (V.V.)
| | - Valentina Venuti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Matematiche e Informatiche, Scienze Fisiche e Scienze della Terra, Università degli Studi di Messina, V.le F. Stagno D’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy; (F.C.); (D.M.)
- Correspondence: (G.P.); (V.V.)
| | - Vincenza Crupi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche e Ambientali, Università degli Studi di Messina, V.le F. Stagno D’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy;
| | - Salvatore Procopio
- Agenzia Regionale per la Protezione dell’Ambiente della Calabria (ARPACal), Dipartimento di Catanzaro, Via Lungomare (loc. Giovino), 88100 Catanzaro, Italy;
| | - Alberto Belvedere
- Agenzia Regionale per la Protezione dell’Ambiente della Calabria (ARPACal), Dipartimento di Reggio Calabria, Via Troncovito SNC, 89135 Reggio Calabria, Italy; (A.B.); (M.D.); (S.M.)
| | - Maurizio D’Agostino
- Agenzia Regionale per la Protezione dell’Ambiente della Calabria (ARPACal), Dipartimento di Reggio Calabria, Via Troncovito SNC, 89135 Reggio Calabria, Italy; (A.B.); (M.D.); (S.M.)
| | - Giuliana Faggio
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria dell’Informazione, delle Infrastrutture e dell’Energia Sostenibile (DIIES), Università Mediterranea, Loc. Feo di Vito, 89122 Reggio Calabria, Italy; (G.F.); (R.G.); (G.M.)
| | - Rossella Grillo
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria dell’Informazione, delle Infrastrutture e dell’Energia Sostenibile (DIIES), Università Mediterranea, Loc. Feo di Vito, 89122 Reggio Calabria, Italy; (G.F.); (R.G.); (G.M.)
| | - Santina Marguccio
- Agenzia Regionale per la Protezione dell’Ambiente della Calabria (ARPACal), Dipartimento di Reggio Calabria, Via Troncovito SNC, 89135 Reggio Calabria, Italy; (A.B.); (M.D.); (S.M.)
| | - Giacomo Messina
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria dell’Informazione, delle Infrastrutture e dell’Energia Sostenibile (DIIES), Università Mediterranea, Loc. Feo di Vito, 89122 Reggio Calabria, Italy; (G.F.); (R.G.); (G.M.)
| | - Domenico Majolino
- Dipartimento di Scienze Matematiche e Informatiche, Scienze Fisiche e Scienze della Terra, Università degli Studi di Messina, V.le F. Stagno D’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy; (F.C.); (D.M.)
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Al Shaaibi M, Ali J, Duraman N, Tsikouras B, Masri Z. Assessment of radioactivity concentration in intertidal sediments from coastal provinces in Oman and estimation of hazard and radiation indices. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2021; 168:112442. [PMID: 33989954 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2021.112442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Revised: 04/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The natural radioactivity of intertidal sediment samples collected from the beaches of Oman was investigated. Using gamma ray spectrometry, the activity concentrations of 226Ra, 232Th and 40K in the sediment samples were measured to have average values of 20.49 ± 3.50, 2.26 ± 0.60 and 44.83 ± 4.60 Bq kg-1 respectively. The activity levels reported are considerably lower than the worldwide average. The annual effective dose rate was estimated to be 0.015 mSv yr-1 on average. Additionally, the mean radium equivalent, external and internal indices were 26.89, 0.07 and 0.13 Bq kg-1 respectively which were well below the risk limits. Gamma and alpha radiation indices were computed to be less than unity and show no exceedance beyond the recommended level. Our results provide baseline data for radioactivity in intertidal sediment samples of Oman and show that intertidal beach sand does not pose significant radiological risk to human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Al Shaaibi
- Faculty of Science, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Jalan Tungku Link, BE1410, Brunei Darussalam; Water Quality Section, Operation Directorate, Public Authority of Water, P.O. Box: 81, Postal Code:711 Haima, Oman
| | - Juma Ali
- Food Safety and Quality Center, Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Water Resources, P.O. Box: 3094, Postal Code:111, Airport Central Post-Muscat, Oman
| | - Norazimah Duraman
- Faculty of Science, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Jalan Tungku Link, BE1410, Brunei Darussalam
| | - Basilios Tsikouras
- Faculty of Science, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Jalan Tungku Link, BE1410, Brunei Darussalam
| | - Zarifi Masri
- Faculty of Science, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Jalan Tungku Link, BE1410, Brunei Darussalam.
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Gross Alpha and Gross Beta Activity Concentrations in the Dust Fractions of Urban Surface-Deposited Sediment in Russian Cities. ATMOSPHERE 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/atmos12050571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Studies of gross alpha and gross beta activity in road- and surface-deposited sediments were conducted in three Russian cities in different geographical zones. To perform radiation measurements, new methods were applied which allow dealing with low mass and low volume dust-sized (2–100 μm) samples obtained after the size fractionation procedure. The 2–10 μm fraction size had the highest gross beta activity concentration (GB)—1.32 Bq/g in Nizhny Novgorod and Rostov-On-Don, while the 50–100 μm fraction size was most prominent in Ekaterinburg. This can be attributed to the presence of radionuclides that are transferred through natural and anthropogenic processes. The highest gross alpha activity concentration (GA) in fraction sizes was found in Rostov-on-Don city within the 50–100 μm range—0.22 Bq/g. The fraction sizes 50–100 μm have a higher gross alpha activity concentration than 2–10 μm and 10–50 μm fraction sizes due to natural partitioning of the main minerals constituting the urban surface-deposited sediment (USDS). Observed dependencies reflect the geochemical processes which take place during the formation and transport of urban surface sediments. Developed experimental methods of radiation measurements formed the methodological base of urban geochemical studies.
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Licínio MV, Alencar ASD, Lima AC, de Freitas AC. Natural radioactivity at beach sands in Ilha Grande, Southeastern Brazil. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-020-07587-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Shahrokhi A, Adelikhah M, Chalupnik S, Kovács T. Multivariate statistical approach on distribution of natural and anthropogenic radionuclides and associated radiation indices along the north-western coastline of Aegean Sea, Greece. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2021; 163:112009. [PMID: 33477060 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2021.112009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2020] [Revised: 12/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
A comprehensive radiological survey using multivariate statistical analysis was carried out to evaluate the distribution of 40K, 232Th, 226Ra, 235U, and 137Cs, and associated radiation indices in beach sand samples of the coastal area of the Aegean Sea. The activity concentration of selected radionuclides was measured and no clue of recent migration of radiocaesium by not only precipitation but also through an indirect way, such as ocean runoff, was found. As part of radiological risk assessment, external radiation hazard index, radium equivalent activity, effective dose, and absorbed dose rate were estimated. Pearson correlation, cluster, and PCA analysis were used by processing observed radiological parameters to determine the correlation between the radiological parameters and locations. Pearson correlation shows a strong association between all parameters and activity of 226Ra and 232Th. A spatial distribution map was provided to a distinct visual representation of the distribution of radionuclide contents in the study area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amin Shahrokhi
- Department of Radiochemistry and Radioecology, University of Pannonia, Veszprém, Hungary.
| | - Mohammademad Adelikhah
- Department of Radiochemistry and Radioecology, University of Pannonia, Veszprém, Hungary
| | - Stanislaw Chalupnik
- Silesian Centre for Environmental radioactivity, Central Mining Institute, Katowice, Poland
| | - Tibor Kovács
- Department of Radiochemistry and Radioecology, University of Pannonia, Veszprém, Hungary
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16
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Geospatial analysis of the source of monazite deposits and the dynamics of natural radionuclides in the selected coastal environs of Kerala, south west coast of India. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-020-07418-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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17
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Dwaikat N. Analysis of Potassium-40 (40K) in Soil Samples from Dhahran City, Saudi Arabia, Using Gamma Spectrometer. ARABIAN JOURNAL FOR SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s13369-020-04863-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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18
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Investigation of the Effect of Hydrothermal Waters on Radionuclide Activity Concentrations in Natural Marble with Multivariate Statistical Analysis. Symmetry (Basel) 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/sym12081219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The study aims to investigate the effects of Burdur (Turkey) marble on human health by interpreting their radioactivity concentration (226Ra, 232Th, and 40K), radiological hazard parameters, chemical concentration, physical properties, and all data related to these features by using multivariate statistical methods. Chemical and radionuclide analyses were performed on marble samples. The data were interpreted by statistical analysis. According to the regression model, an increase in the concentration of vanadium carried to the environment by hydrothermal waters causes a 4.452-fold higher concentration of 226Ra. The R2 value of the model was 0.64 and it was statistically significant. The maximum concentration of 226Ra in Isparta Davraz Beige sample (M7) exceeded the values of some countries’ standards. Except for M7, the analyzed sorts of marble can be used safely in dwellings and public buildings.
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19
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Khan IU, Sun W, Lewis E. Review of low-level background radioactivity studies conducted from 2000 to date in people Republic of China. JOURNAL OF RADIATION RESEARCH AND APPLIED SCIENCES 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/16878507.2020.1744330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ihsan Ullah Khan
- Key Lab of In-fiber Integrated Optics, Ministry Education of China, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin, China
| | - Weimin Sun
- Key Lab of In-fiber Integrated Optics, Ministry Education of China, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin, China
| | - Elfed Lewis
- Optical Fibre Sensors Research Centre, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
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20
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Distribution of natural radionuclides and assessment of the associated radiological hazards in the rock and soil samples from a high-level natural radiation area, Northern Iran. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-019-06912-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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21
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Lin W, Yu K, Wang Y, Liu X, Ning Q, Huang X. Radioactive level of coral reefs in the South China Sea. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2019; 142:43-53. [PMID: 31232321 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2019.03.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2018] [Revised: 03/06/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we examined radioactivity simultaneously in surface marine sediments and coral skeletons collected from 12 locations of the fringing and atoll reefs in the South China Sea. Radioactive level declined from the fringing reefs to atoll reefs because of input of terrigenous minerals in the fringing reefs. Radioactivity was higher in coral skeletons than in marine sediments because of the high 228Ra activity in coral skeletons. Additionally, an abnormally low 226Ra/238U activity ratio (<0.1) of marine sediments in coral reefs was attributed to the biological process of active uptake of 226Ra and 238U from seawater by coral polyps rather than the ingrowth process in the 238U-230Th-226Ra decay chain. Several radiological indices were evaluated in coral reefs and significantly lower than recommended values. Particularly, the average Raeq in the atoll reefs was <5% of the world's average of Raeq. Our results displayed typically radioactive status in coral reefs without close-in fallout of anthropogenic radionuclides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wuhui Lin
- Coral Reef Research Center of China, School of Marine Sciences, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China; Guangxi Laboratory on the Study of Coral Reefs in the South China Sea, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Kefu Yu
- Coral Reef Research Center of China, School of Marine Sciences, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China; Guangxi Laboratory on the Study of Coral Reefs in the South China Sea, Nanning 530004, China.
| | - Yinghui Wang
- Coral Reef Research Center of China, School of Marine Sciences, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China; Guangxi Laboratory on the Study of Coral Reefs in the South China Sea, Nanning 530004, China.
| | - Xinming Liu
- Guangxi Academy of Oceanography, Nanning 530022, China
| | - Qiuyun Ning
- Guangxi Academy of Oceanography, Nanning 530022, China
| | - Xueyong Huang
- Coral Reef Research Center of China, School of Marine Sciences, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China; Guangxi Laboratory on the Study of Coral Reefs in the South China Sea, Nanning 530004, China
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22
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Activity concentrations of radionuclides in soil samples along the coastal areas of Kerala, India and the assessment of radiation hazard indices. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-019-06481-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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23
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Liu X, Lin W. Natural radioactivity in the beach sand and soil along the coastline of Guangxi Province, China. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2018; 135:446-450. [PMID: 30301057 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2018.07.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2018] [Revised: 07/11/2018] [Accepted: 07/21/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Natural radioactivity in the beach sand and soil was measured and evaluated in typical ecosystems of mangroves, seagrasses, and coral reefs along the coastline of Guangxi Province, China. Radioactivity in the soil was about three times higher than that in the beach sand probably due to the distinct mineral components and particle sizes. A comparison with natural radioactivity levels in the global beach sands indicated that the beach sand of Guangxi had the lowest radioactivity. Radiological parameters including radium equivalent activity (Raeq), external and internal hazard indices (Hex and Hin), representative gamma level index (Iγr), absorbed gamma dose rate (DR), and annual effective dose equivalent (AEDE) were lower than the recommended values. Our results provide baseline data on radioactivity in the beach sand and soil along the coastline of Guangxi and contribute to the database of radioactivity in the global beach sand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinming Liu
- Guangxi Academy of Oceanography, Nanning 530022, China
| | - Wuhui Lin
- School of Marine Sciences, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China; Guangxi Laboratory on the study of Coral Reefs in the South China Sea, Nanning 530004, China.
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24
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Uddin S, Behbehani M. Concentrations of selected radionuclides and their spatial distribution in marine sediments from the northwestern Gulf, Kuwait. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2018; 127:73-81. [PMID: 29475717 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2017.11.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2017] [Revised: 11/15/2017] [Accepted: 11/22/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
This study focuses on creating a baseline for 40K, 210Pb, 137Cs, 90Sr, 226Ra, 228Ra, 238U, 235U, 234U, 239+240Pu and 238Pu in marine sediments in the northwestern Gulf. The respective measured concentration ranges were 386-489, 32.3-48.8, 1.5-2.9, 4.53-5.42, 18.3-23.1, 18.8-23.0, 22.3-30.5, 0.99-1.33, 25.6-34.8, 0.30-0.93, and 0.0008-0.00018Bqkg-1. The levels of these radionuclides are generally comparable to values reported for other marine waters in the northern hemisphere. The 137Cs activity in the Gulf sediments offshore Kuwait is an order of magnitude lower compared to sediments from northeastern Iran. Other than that finding, no hot spots were observed in sediments adjacent to power and desalination plants, oil and gas industrial activities or wastewater treatment facilities. These data will serve as a baseline to gauge possible future inputs of radionuclides in the northern Gulf. The calculated average ratio of 235U/238U activity in the area is in agreement with the reported figure of the natural uranium ratio, suggesting the absence of depleted uranium (DU) at all the stations. The low concentration of 239+240Pu suggests that there is no significant source of plutonium except that from atmospheric fallout from weapon testing and possible dry deposition via long-range dust transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saif Uddin
- Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research, Kuwait.
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25
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Khandaker MU, Asaduzzaman K, Sulaiman AFB, Bradley DA, Isinkaye MO. Elevated concentrations of naturally occurring radionuclides in heavy mineral-rich beach sands of Langkawi Island, Malaysia. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2018; 127:654-663. [PMID: 29475708 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2017.12.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2017] [Revised: 12/19/2017] [Accepted: 12/21/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Study is made of the radioactivity in the beach sands of Langkawi island, a well-known tourist destination. Investigation is made of the relative presence of the naturally occurring radionuclide 40K and the natural-series indicator radionuclides 226Ra and 232Th, the gamma radiation exposure also being estimated. Sample quantities of black and white sand were collected for gamma ray spectrometry, yielding activity concentration in black sands of 226Ra, 232Th and 40K from 451±9 to 2411±65Bqkg-1 (mean of 1478Bqkg-1); 232±4 to 1272±35Bqkg-1 (mean of 718Bqkg-1) and 61±6 to 136±7Bqkg-1 (mean of 103Bqkg-1) respectively. Conversely, in white sands the respective values for 226Ra and 232Th were appreciably lower, at 8.3±0.5 to 13.7±1.4Bqkg-1 (mean of 9.8Bqkg-1) and 4.5±0.7 to 9.4±1.0Bqkg-1 (mean of 5.9Bqkg-1); 40K activities differed insubstantially from that in black sands, at 85±4 to 133±7Bqkg-1 with a mean of 102Bqkg-1. The mean activity concentrations of 226Ra and 232Th in black sands are comparable with that of high background areas elsewhere in the world. The heavy minerals content gives rise to elevated 226Ra and 232Th activity concentrations in all of black sand samples. Evaluation of the various radiological risk parameters points to values which in some cases could be in excess of recommendations providing for safe living and working. Statistical analysis examines correlations between the origins of the radionuclides, also identifying and classifying the radiological parameters. Present results may help to form an interest in rare-earth resources for the electronics industry, power generation and the viability of nuclear fuels cycle resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayeen Uddin Khandaker
- Center for Radiation Sciences, School of Healthcare and Medical Sciences, Sunway University, 47500 Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia; Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia.
| | - Khandoker Asaduzzaman
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia; Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology, Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | | | - D A Bradley
- Center for Radiation Sciences, School of Healthcare and Medical Sciences, Sunway University, 47500 Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia; Department of Physics, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, GU2 7XH, UK
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26
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Oto B, Yıldız N, Şeremet M. Natural radioactivity-based radiological hazards in soils of the islands: a case study from Eastern Turkey. RADIOCHIM ACTA 2017. [DOI: 10.1515/ract-2016-2734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
A comprehensive work was carried out to investigate natural radionuclides of 238U, 232Th and 40K in 73 soil samples collected from islands of Adır, Çarpanak and Akdamar on the Van Lake (Turkey) located at Eastern Turkey. Radioactivity concentrations of these radionuclides were measured by using a gamma spectrometer with NaI(Tl) detector to be from 4.11 to 77.1 Bq/kg, from 6.0 to 70.0 Bq/kg and from 133.05 to 749.77 Bq/kg with the mean values of 33.33 Bq/kg, 36.68 Bq/kg and 478.19 Bq/kg, respectively. In addition, the absorbed gamma dose rate in air (D) and annual effective dose equivalent (AED) were found to be 57.5 nGy/h and 70.5 μSv/year, respectively. We have shown that our results might be related to the geological formation type. The results were compared with some published ones in Turkey and the World, which were found within acceptable limits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Berna Oto
- Department of Marine Engineering, Faculty of Maritime , Yuzuncu Yil University , 65080 Van , Turkey
| | - Nergiz Yıldız
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science , Yuzuncu Yil University , 65080 Van , Turkey
| | - Mehmet Şeremet
- Department of Maritime Transportation and Management Engineering , Yuzuncu Yil University , 65080 Van , Turkey
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27
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Shuaibu HK, Khandaker MU, Alrefae T, Bradley DA. Assessment of natural radioactivity and gamma-ray dose in monazite rich black Sand Beach of Penang Island, Malaysia. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2017; 119:423-428. [PMID: 28342594 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2017.03.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2016] [Revised: 03/08/2017] [Accepted: 03/15/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Activity concentrations of primordial radionuclides in sand samples collected from the coastal beaches surrounding Penang Island have been measured using conventional γ-ray spectrometry, while in-situ γ-ray doses have been measured through use of a portable radiation survey meter. The mean activity concentrations for 226Ra, 232Th and 40K at different locations were found to be less than the world average values, while the Miami Bay values for 226Ra and 232Th were found to be greater, at 1023±47 and 2086±96Bqkg̶ 1 respectively. The main contributor to radionuclide enrichment in Miami Bay is the presence of monazite-rich black sands. The measured data were compared against literature values and also recommended limits set by the relevant international bodies. With the exception of Miami Bay, considered an elevated background radiation area that would benefit from regular monitoring, Penang island beach sands typically pose no significant radiological risk to the local populace and tourists visiting the leisure beaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hauwau Kulu Shuaibu
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - Mayeen Uddin Khandaker
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia.
| | - Tareq Alrefae
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Kuwait University, Khaldia, Kuwait
| | - D A Bradley
- Department of Physics, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey GU4 8JU, UK; Sunway University, Institute for Health Care Development, Jalan Universiti, 46150 PJ, Malaysia
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28
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Wang J, Du J, Bi Q. Natural radioactivity assessment of surface sediments in the Yangtze Estuary. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2017; 114:602-608. [PMID: 27665323 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2016.09.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2016] [Revised: 09/15/2016] [Accepted: 09/19/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The activities of the natural radionuclides (238U, 232Th, 226Ra and 40K) of the surface sediments in the Yangtze Estuary were determined and used to evaluate radiation hazards in the study area. The of activities of 238U, 232Th, 226Ra and 40K ranges from 14.1 to 62.3, 26.1 to 71.9, 13.7 to 52.3, and 392 to 898Bqkg-1, respectively, which were comparable to values of other regions in China. The activities of 232Th, 40K and 226Ra were clearly different from the global recommended values. The radium equivalent activity was less than the recommended limit of 370Bqkg-1; therefore, the sediment in this area can be safely used for reclamation. The external hazard index values were less than one. The average absorbed gamma dose rate and annual effective dose equivalent values were slightly greater than the world average value. 226Ra/238U and 232Th/238U ratios could potentially be applied for tracing sediment source.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinlong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, PR China
| | - Jinzhou Du
- State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, PR China.
| | - Qianqian Bi
- State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, PR China
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Kucukomeroglu B, Karadeniz A, Damla N, Yesilkanat CM, Cevik U. Radiological maps in beach sands along some coastal regions of Turkey. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2016; 112:255-264. [PMID: 27567197 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2016.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2016] [Revised: 07/06/2016] [Accepted: 08/02/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
In the present research, the gamma-emitting radionuclides in beach sands along the coastal regions of the Ordu, Giresun and Trabzon provinces, Turkey have been determined. The natural and anthropogenic radionuclide concentrations of the samples have been measured employing a germanium (HPGe) detector with high resolution and purity. The activity for 238U, 232Th, 40K and 137Cs of the samples were found to vary in the range from below detection limit (BDL) to 65Bq·kg-1, from BDL to 28Bq·kg-1, from 9 to 1936Bq·kg-1 and from BDL to 22Bq·kg-1, respectively. The activity concentrations were compared with those in the literature. The associated radiological hazard indices were estimated, and were compared to the internationally recommended values. The radiological map of beach sand in the surveyed area was imaged. The data presented in the study are crucial since they constitute a baseline for the radiological mapping of the region in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Kucukomeroglu
- Karadeniz Technical University, Department of Physics, Trabzon, Turkey
| | | | - N Damla
- Batman University, Department of Physics, Batman, Turkey.
| | - C M Yesilkanat
- Artvin Çoruh University, Department of Physics, Artvin, Turkey
| | - U Cevik
- Karadeniz Technical University, Department of Physics, Trabzon, Turkey
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Dias TH, de Oliveira J, Sanders CJ, Carvalho F, Sanders LM, Machado EC, Sá F. Radium isotope ((223)Ra, (224)Ra, (226)Ra and (228)Ra) distribution near Brazil's largest port, Paranaguá Bay, Brazil. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2016; 111:443-448. [PMID: 27422485 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2016.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2016] [Revised: 06/30/2016] [Accepted: 07/03/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
This work investigates the (223)Ra, (224)Ra, (226)Ra and (228)Ra isotope distribution in river, estuarine waters and sediments of the Paranaguá Estuarine Complex (PEC). The stratification of the Ra isotopes along water columns indicate differing natural sources. In sediments, the radium isotope activities was inversely proportional to the particle size. The highest concentrations of (223)Ra, (224)Ra, (226)Ra and (228)Ra in the water column were found in the bottom more saline waters and towards the inner of the estuary. These relatively high concentrations towards the bottom of the estuary may be attributed to the influence of tidally driven groundwater source and desorption from particles at the maximum turbidity zone. The apparent river water ages from the radium isotope ratios, (223)Ra/(224)Ra and (223)Ra/(228)Ra, indicate that the principal rivers that flow into the estuary have residence times from between 6 and 11days.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thais H Dias
- Centro de Estudos do Mar da Universidade Federal do Paraná, - Caixa Postal 61, 83255-976 Pontal do Paraná, PR, Brazil
| | - Joselene de Oliveira
- Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares (IPEN), - Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 2242, 05508-900 São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Christian J Sanders
- National Marine Science Centre, School of Environment, Science and Engineering, Southern Cross University, PO Box 4321, Coffs Harbour, 2450 NSW, Australia.
| | - Franciane Carvalho
- Instituto de Radioproteção e Dosimetria (IRD), - Av. Salvador Allende-Jacarepaguá, 22780-160 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Luciana M Sanders
- National Marine Science Centre, School of Environment, Science and Engineering, Southern Cross University, PO Box 4321, Coffs Harbour, 2450 NSW, Australia
| | - Eunice C Machado
- Centro de Estudos do Mar da Universidade Federal do Paraná, - Caixa Postal 61, 83255-976 Pontal do Paraná, PR, Brazil
| | - Fabian Sá
- Centro de Estudos do Mar da Universidade Federal do Paraná, - Caixa Postal 61, 83255-976 Pontal do Paraná, PR, Brazil
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31
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Al-Ghamdi H, Al-Muqrin A, El-Sharkawy A. Assessment of natural radioactivity and (137)Cs in some coastal areas of the Saudi Arabian gulf. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2016; 104:29-33. [PMID: 26895593 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2016.01.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2015] [Revised: 01/29/2016] [Accepted: 01/31/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The levels of natural radioactivity have been investigated in some Saudi Arabian Gulf coastal areas. Sampling sites were chosen according to the presence of nearby non-nuclear industrial activities such as, the two main water desalination plants in Al Khobar and Al Jubail, and Maaden phosphate complex in Ras Al Khair, to ensure that effluents discharges into the Arabian Gulf didn't enhance radioactivity in seawater and shore sediments. Seawater samples were analyzed for radium isotopes (Ra-226 & Ra-228) and measured by gamma spectrometry using high purity germanium detector, after radiochemical separation of the isotopes by co-precipitation with MnO2. Shore sediment samples were analyzed for (226)Ra, (228)Ra ((232)Th), (4)°K and (137)Cs using gamma sepectrometry. A small variation was observed in the activity concentrations of the investigated radioisotopes, and the activity levels were comparable to those reported in literature. Quality assurance and methods validation were established through the efficiency calibration of the detectors, the estimation of uncertainties, the use of blanks, the analysis of standard reference materials and the intercomparison and proficiency tests. Radiological hazards were assessed, and the annual effective dose had an average value of 0.02 mSv. On the basis of the current results, we may conclude that any radiological hazards to the public visiting these shores are not expected.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Al-Ghamdi
- Physics Department, College of Science, Princess Nora University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
| | - A Al-Muqrin
- Physics Department, College of Science, Princess Nora University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - A El-Sharkawy
- Nuclear and radiological Regulatory Authority, Quality Assurance and Quality Control Dep., Cairo 11762, P.O. Box 7551, Egypt.
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