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Belli IM, Cavali M, Garbossa LHP, Franco D, Bayard R, de Castilhos Junior AB. A review of plastic debris in the South American Atlantic Ocean coast - Distribution, characteristics, policies and legal aspects. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 938:173197. [PMID: 38772490 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.173197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024]
Abstract
The presence of plastics in the oceans has already become a pervasive phenomenon. Marine pollution by plastics surpasses the status of an emerging threat to become a well-established environmental problem, boosting research on this topic. However, despite many studies on the main seas and oceans, it is necessary to compile information on the South American Atlantic Ocean Coast to identify the lack of research and expand knowledge on marine plastic pollution in this region. Accordingly, this paper conducted an in-depth review of monitoring methods, sampling, and identification of macroplastics and microplastics (MPs) in water, sediments, and biota, including information on legal requirements from different countries as well as non-governmental initiatives. Brazil was the country with the highest number of published papers, followed by Argentina. MPs accounted for 75 % of the papers selected, with blue microfibers being the most common morphology, whereas PE and PP were the most abundant polymers. Also, a lack of standardization in the methodologies used was identified; however, the sites with the highest concentrations of MPs were the Bahía Blanca Estuary (Argentina), Guanabara Bay (Brazil), and Todos os Santos Bay (Brazil), regardless of the method applied. Regarding legislation, Uruguay and Argentina have the most advanced policies in the region against marine plastic pollution due to their emphasis on the life cycle and the national ban on certain single-use plastics. Therefore, considering its content, this expert review can be useful to assist researchers dealing with plastic pollution along the South American Atlantic Ocean Coast.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor Marcon Belli
- Department of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina, 88040-900 Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil.
| | - Matheus Cavali
- Department of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina, 88040-900 Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | | | - Davide Franco
- Department of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina, 88040-900 Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Rémy Bayard
- INSA Lyon, DEEP, UR7429, 69621 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Armando Borges de Castilhos Junior
- Department of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina, 88040-900 Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
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Sousa-Guedes D, Bessa F, Queiruga A, Teixeira L, Reis V, Gonçalves JA, Marco A, Sillero N. Lost and found: Patterns of marine litter accumulation on the remote Island of Santa Luzia, Cabo Verde. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 344:123338. [PMID: 38218543 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.123338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
Santa Luzia, an uninhabited island in the archipelago of Cabo Verde, serves as a natural laboratory and important nesting site for loggerhead turtles Carettacaretta. The island constitutes an Integral Natural Reserve and a Marine Protected Area. We assessed marine litter accumulation on sandy beaches of the island and analysed their spatial patterns using two sampling methods: at a fine scale, sand samples from 1 × 1 m squares were collected, identifying debris larger than 1 mm; at a coarse scale, drone surveys were conducted to identify visible marine debris (>25 mm) in aerial images. We sampled six points on three beaches of the island: Achados (three points), Francisca (two points) and Palmo Tostão (one point). Then, we modelled the abundance of marine debris using topographical variables as explanatory factors, derived from digital surface models (DSM). Our findings reveal that the island is a significant repository for marine litter (>84% composed of plastics), with up to 917 plastic items per m2 in the sand samples and a maximum of 38 macro-debris items per m2 in the drone surveys. Plastic fragments dominate, followed by plastic pellets (at the fine-scale approach) and fishing materials (at the coarse-scale approach). We observed that north-facing, higher-elevation beaches accumulate more large marine litter, while slope and elevation affect their spatial distribution within the beach. Achados Beach faces severe marine debris pollution challenges, and the upcoming climate changes could exacerbate this problem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Sousa-Guedes
- Centro de Investigação em Ciências Geo-Espaciais (CICGE), Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade do Porto, Alameda do Monte da Virgem, 4430-146 Vila Nova de Gaia, Portugal; University of Coimbra, MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre/ ARNET Aquatic Research Network, Department of Life Sciences, Calçada Martim de Freitas, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal; Estación Biológica de Doñana, CSIC, C/ Américo Vespucio, s/n, 41092 Sevilla, Spain; BIOS.CV - Conservation of the Environment and Sustainable Development, CP 52111, Sal Rei, Boa Vista Island, Cabo Verde.
| | - Filipa Bessa
- University of Coimbra, MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre/ ARNET Aquatic Research Network, Department of Life Sciences, Calçada Martim de Freitas, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal.
| | | | | | - Vitória Reis
- Centro de Investigação em Ciências Geo-Espaciais (CICGE), Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade do Porto, Alameda do Monte da Virgem, 4430-146 Vila Nova de Gaia, Portugal.
| | - José Alberto Gonçalves
- Departamento de Geociências, Ambiente e Ordenamento do Território (DGAOT), Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade do Porto, Portugal; CIIMAR Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, Terminal de Cruzeiros de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal.
| | - Adolfo Marco
- Estación Biológica de Doñana, CSIC, C/ Américo Vespucio, s/n, 41092 Sevilla, Spain; BIOS.CV - Conservation of the Environment and Sustainable Development, CP 52111, Sal Rei, Boa Vista Island, Cabo Verde.
| | - Neftalí Sillero
- Centro de Investigação em Ciências Geo-Espaciais (CICGE), Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade do Porto, Alameda do Monte da Virgem, 4430-146 Vila Nova de Gaia, Portugal.
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Abelouah MR, Ben-Haddad M, Hajji S, Nouj N, Ouheddou M, Mghili B, De-la-Torre GE, Costa LL, Banni M, Ait Alla A. Exploring marine biofouling on anthropogenic litter in the Atlantic coastline of Morocco. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2024; 199:115938. [PMID: 38141584 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.115938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/25/2023]
Abstract
Today, the world is increasingly concerned about marine litter and its interaction with marine biodiversity. However, knowledge concerning the fouling organisms associated with marine litter is very limited in many of the world's marine environments. In this survey, we investigated biofouling on different types of marine litter washed up on all the coasts of the central Atlantic of Morocco. The findings revealed 21 fouling species belonging to 9 phyla (Arthropoda, Mollusca, Echinodermata, Annelida, Bryozoa, Porifera, Chlorophyta, Ochrophyta, and Ascomycota). More specifically, frequently observed fouling species include Mytilus galloprovincialis, Balanus laevis, Megabalanus coccopoma, and Pollicipes pollicipes species. Large marine litter items recorded the highest colonization of marine organisms in comparison to small ones. The frequency of occurrence (FO) of the species most commonly fouled on all coasts was Perforatus perforatus (FO = 48.60), followed by Mytilus galloprovincialis (FO = 45.80), Balanus trigonus (FO = 32.05), Balanus laevis (FO = 30.25), Megabalanus coccopoma (FO = 25.25), Bryozoa species (FO = 19.40), Spirobranchus triqueter (FO = 18.18), Lepas pectinata (FO = 14.45), and Pollicipes pollicipes (FO = 13.05). The majority of the species registered in this study are sessile. Substrate coverage by fouling taxa was significantly different between plastic substrate and other types of marine litter. Likewise, this study revealed that the proportion of fouling organisms is higher on rough surfaces. Overall, this research could be crucial to understanding the little-known subject of marine litter and its colonization by marine biota. Given that these marine litters can act as vectors and cause ecological, biogeographical, and conservation issues in the marine environment, minimizing the quantity of anthropogenic litter reaching the Moroccan Atlantic could significantly reduce its accumulation on the sea surface and seabed, thereby reducing the risk of invasion by non-indigenous species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Rida Abelouah
- Laboratory of Aquatic Systems: Marine and Continental Environments (AQUAMAR), Faculty of Sciences, Ibn Zohr University, Agadir, Morocco.
| | - Mohamed Ben-Haddad
- Laboratory of Aquatic Systems: Marine and Continental Environments (AQUAMAR), Faculty of Sciences, Ibn Zohr University, Agadir, Morocco.
| | - Sara Hajji
- Laboratory of Aquatic Systems: Marine and Continental Environments (AQUAMAR), Faculty of Sciences, Ibn Zohr University, Agadir, Morocco.
| | - Nisrine Nouj
- Material and Environmental Laboratory (LME), Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Ibn Zohr University, Agadir 80000, Morocco.
| | - Maryam Ouheddou
- Laboratory of Aquatic Systems: Marine and Continental Environments (AQUAMAR), Faculty of Sciences, Ibn Zohr University, Agadir, Morocco.
| | - Bilal Mghili
- LESCB, URL-CNRST N° 18, Abdelmalek Essaadi University, Faculty of Sciences, Tetouan, Morocco.
| | - Gabriel Enrique De-la-Torre
- Grupo de Investigación de Biodiversidad, Medio Ambiente y Sociedad, Universidad San Ignacio de Loyola, Lima, Peru.
| | - Leonardo Lopes Costa
- Laboratório de Ciências Ambientais, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Avenida Alberto Lamego, 2000, Campos dos Goytacazes CEP, Rio de Janeiro 28013-602, Brazil.
| | - Mohamed Banni
- Laboratory of Agrobio diversity and Ecotoxicology LR20AGR02, ISA, University of Sousse, Tunisia; Higher Institute of Biotechnology, ISBM, University of Monastir, Tunisia.
| | - Aicha Ait Alla
- Laboratory of Aquatic Systems: Marine and Continental Environments (AQUAMAR), Faculty of Sciences, Ibn Zohr University, Agadir, Morocco.
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Masumoto FT, Gomes AA, França RDSD, Melo MRSD. First report of deep-sea litter on the Brazilian continental slope, Southwestern Atlantic. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2023; 197:115717. [PMID: 37924737 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.115717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023]
Abstract
The presence of marine litter in the deep ocean (>200 m depth) may represent an invisible threat that has been neglected due to the scarcity of data. Herein, we provide the first report of persistent marine litter on the Southwestern Atlantic continental slope. Marine litter was collected onboard the Brazilian R/V Alpha Crucis, using bottom trawling, in 28 out of 31 sampled stations, between 274 and 1520 m depth, in two distinct areas off the southern Brazilian coast. In total, 603 items and 13.8 kg of litter were collected and classified according to the type of material. Plastic was the most frequent and most abundant material found. Although there was no bathymetric variation along the slope, density of litter was considerably higher off São Paulo than off Santa Catarina State, supposedly due to the heavier presence of oil and gas platforms and large cargo vessels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flávia Tiemi Masumoto
- Laboratório de Diversidade, Ecologia e Evolução de Peixes-DEEP Lab, Instituto Oceanográfico, Universidade de São Paulo, Praça do Oceanográfico 191, São Paulo, SP 05508-120, Brazil
| | - Amanda Alves Gomes
- Laboratório de Diversidade, Ecologia e Evolução de Peixes-DEEP Lab, Instituto Oceanográfico, Universidade de São Paulo, Praça do Oceanográfico 191, São Paulo, SP 05508-120, Brazil
| | - Rayane Dos Santos de França
- Laboratório de Diversidade, Ecologia e Evolução de Peixes-DEEP Lab, Instituto Oceanográfico, Universidade de São Paulo, Praça do Oceanográfico 191, São Paulo, SP 05508-120, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Roberto Souto de Melo
- Laboratório de Diversidade, Ecologia e Evolução de Peixes-DEEP Lab, Instituto Oceanográfico, Universidade de São Paulo, Praça do Oceanográfico 191, São Paulo, SP 05508-120, Brazil.
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Uddin MM, Islam MS. Floating marine debris influx in the intertidal zone of offshore islands in Bangladesh: A case study of Manpura Island. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2023; 197:115723. [PMID: 37918143 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.115723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Revised: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
Marine Debris is all-pervading in the world's oceans. In this research, for the first time, Floating Marine Debris (FMD) accumulation in the intertidal zone of Manprua island, an offshore island of Bangladesh, is reported. The assessment has been done by integrating both physical investigations and questionnaire survey. The Study shows high debris density on the windward and river-facing sides of the island. The density of debris items in this area varies from 550,000 to 60,000 items per km2 (8.5 to 0.08 g/m2) for transect samples during low tide and 350,000 to 60,000 items per km2 (5.76 to 1.20 g/m2) for net samples during high tide. However, the most damaging debris items are uprooted trees and water hyacinths because they hinder fishing activities. This study provides baseline information on FMD in the Meghna Estuary, which can be used as a reference for sustainable monitoring and management of marine pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Mahin Uddin
- Department of Geography and Environment, University of Dhaka, P.O. Box: 1000, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - M Shahidul Islam
- Department of Geography and Environment, University of Dhaka, P.O. Box: 1000, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
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Luo H, Tu C, He D, Zhang A, Sun J, Li J, Xu J, Pan X. Interactions between microplastics and contaminants: A review focusing on the effect of aging process. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 899:165615. [PMID: 37481081 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.165615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/24/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) in the environment are a major global concern due to their persistent nature and wide distribution. The aging of MPs is influenced by several processes including photodegradation, thermal degradation, biodegradation and mechanical fragmentation, which affect their interaction with contaminants. This comprehensive review aims to summarize the aging process of MPs and the factors that impact their aging, and to discuss the effects of aging on the interaction of MPs with contaminants. A range of characterization methods that can effectively elucidate the mechanistic processes of these interactions are outlined. The rate and extent of MPs aging are influenced by their physicochemical properties and other environmental factors, which ultimately affect the adsorption and aggregation of aged MPs with environmental contaminants. Pollutants such as heavy metals, organic matter and microorganisms have a tendency to accumulate on MPs through adsorption and the interactions between them impact their environmental behavior. Aging enhances the specific surface area and oxygen-containing functional groups of MPs, thereby affecting the mechanism of interaction between MPs and contaminants. To obtain a more comprehensive understanding of how aging affects the interactions, this review also provides an overview of the mechanisms by which MPs interact with contaminants. In the future, there should be further in-depth studies of the potential hazards of aged MPs in different environments e.g., soil, sediment, aquatic environment, and effects of their interaction with environmental pollutants on human health and ecology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongwei Luo
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology for Industrial Pollution Control of Zhejiang Province, College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China.
| | - Chaolin Tu
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology for Industrial Pollution Control of Zhejiang Province, College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Dongqin He
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology for Industrial Pollution Control of Zhejiang Province, College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Anping Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology for Industrial Pollution Control of Zhejiang Province, College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Jianqiang Sun
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology for Industrial Pollution Control of Zhejiang Province, College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Jun Li
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology for Industrial Pollution Control of Zhejiang Province, College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Juan Xu
- School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Xiangliang Pan
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology for Industrial Pollution Control of Zhejiang Province, College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China.
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Rani-Borges B, Gomes E, Maricato G, Lins LHFDC, Moraes BRD, Lima GV, Côrtes LGF, Tavares M, Pereira PHC, Ando RA, Queiroz LG. Unveiling the hidden threat of microplastics to coral reefs in remote South Atlantic islands. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 897:165401. [PMID: 37451469 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.165401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
The widespread presence of marine microplastics (< 5 mm) is a significant concern, as it may harm marine biodiversity and ocean ecosystems. Corals' capacity to ingest microplastics has emerged as a significant threat to reef ecosystems, owing to the detrimental physiological and ecological effects it can trigger. The extent of the impact of microplastics on Brazilian corals remains unclear and this study aimed to investigate its distribution and characteristics in four coral species: Favia gravida, Mussismilia hispida, Montastrea cavernosa, and Siderastrea stellata, found in the Trindade and Martim Vaz Islands - the most isolated archipelago of Brazil, located about 1200 km (680 miles) east of the coast. This study aims to reveal the extent of microplastic distribution in the coral reef environment, assess the amount of microplastics in different coral species, and compare each species' capacity to adhere and accumulate microplastics. A high concentration of ingested and adhered microplastics was detected in all coral species evaluated in the present study. No significant differences were observed in the sampling points which indicates that although the sampling points are located at different distances from the coast, the microplastic pollution is equally distributed in the region. Polyethylene (PE), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polypropylene (PP), poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), Rayon, and Nylon particles were detected, with a predominance of PE (45.5 %). No significant differences in microplastic concentration were detected among the various species and locations studied. Our research presents findings that demonstrate the extensive occurrence of microplastic contamination in coral colonies located on remote islands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bárbara Rani-Borges
- Department of Fundamental Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, USP, Prof. Lineu Prestes Ave. 748, 05508-000 São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Erandy Gomes
- Department of Oceanography, Federal University of Pernambuco, UFPE, Prof. Moraes Rego St. 1235, 50740-540 Recife, Brazil; Reef Conservation Project, PCR, Vigário Tenório St. 194, 50030-230, Pernambuco, Brazil; Brazilian Institute of Citizenship and Social Action, IBRAS, Amapá St. 709, 69305-520, Roraima, Brazil; Estácio University Center, Salete St. 290, 02016-001 São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Maricato
- Ecology and Evolution Graduate Program, Institute of Biology Roberto Alcantara Gomes, Rio de Janeiro State University, UERJ, 28 de Setembro Blvd 87, 20551-030 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Beatriz Rocha de Moraes
- Department of Fundamental Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, USP, Prof. Lineu Prestes Ave. 748, 05508-000 São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gislaine Vanessa Lima
- Reef Conservation Project, PCR, Vigário Tenório St. 194, 50030-230, Pernambuco, Brazil; Federal University of São Paulo, UNIFESP, Silva Jardim St. 136, 11015-020 Santos, Brazil
| | - Luís Guilherme França Côrtes
- Department of Oceanography, Federal University of Pernambuco, UFPE, Prof. Moraes Rego St. 1235, 50740-540 Recife, Brazil; Reef Conservation Project, PCR, Vigário Tenório St. 194, 50030-230, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Marcos Tavares
- Museum of Zoology, University of São Paulo, Nazaré Ave. 481, 04263-000 São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Rômulo Augusto Ando
- Department of Fundamental Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, USP, Prof. Lineu Prestes Ave. 748, 05508-000 São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lucas Gonçalves Queiroz
- Department of Fundamental Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, USP, Prof. Lineu Prestes Ave. 748, 05508-000 São Paulo, Brazil.
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Costa LL, da Silva Oliveira A, da Costa ID, Silva TN, Sant'Anna MEAS, Tavares B, Zalmon IR. Multiple species ingest microplastic but few reflect sediment and water pollution on sandy beaches: A baseline for biomonitoring. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2023; 193:115235. [PMID: 37399737 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.115235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
Databases recording the ingestion of microplastics by marine animals are growing. This is also recurrent on sandy beaches, where different biomonitors have been proposed to monitor the impacts of plastic pollution. We aimed to record the occurrence of suspected microplastic (SMP) in the digestive tract of multiple taxa (n = 45 identified species) and test whether some macroinvertebrates and fishes ingested SMPs proportionally with the pollution level of sediment and water; thus, we aimed to depict which sandy beach species could be used as biomonitors. Among all taxa, 10 macroinvertebrates and 12 fish species were reported to ingest SMP for the first time. SMP morphotypes proportion differed between abiotic and biotic compartments. Moreover, 10 of 12 taxa did not have SMP concentration linearly related with SMP in sediment and water. Our findings suggest that few species from sandy beaches can be used as efficient biomonitors, although almost all ingest plastic polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo Lopes Costa
- Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Laboratório de Ciências Ambientais, Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Instituto Solar Brasil de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento - ISOBRAS, Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Ariane da Silva Oliveira
- Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Laboratório de Ciências Ambientais, Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Igor David da Costa
- Universidade Federal Fluminense, Departamento de Ciências Exatas, Biológicas e da Terra, Santo Antônio de Pádua, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Thayanne Nascimento Silva
- Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Laboratório de Ciências Ambientais, Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Bruna Tavares
- Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Laboratório de Ciências Ambientais, Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Ilana Rosental Zalmon
- Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Laboratório de Ciências Ambientais, Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Shankar VS, Purti N, Ramakrishnan S, Kaviarasan T, Satyakeerthy TR, Jacob S. A new hotspot of macro-litter in the Rutland Island, South Andaman, India: menace from IORC. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023:10.1007/s11356-023-28024-8. [PMID: 37322394 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-28024-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Supralittoral zones of 13 sandy beaches of remote Rutland Island were divided into three zones to identify the litter contamination, its source, pathway of plastic transport to determine the level of macro-litter contamination, and its impact on coastal biota. Owing to the floral and faunal diversity, apart of the study area is protected under Mahatma Gandhi Marine National Park (MGMNP). The supralittoral zones of each sandy beach (between low-tide and high-tide line) were individually calculated from 2021 Landsat-8 satellite imagery before conducting the field survey. The total area of the surveyed beaches was 0.52 km2 (5,20,020.79 m2), and 317,565 litters representing 27 distinct litter types were enumerated. Two beaches in Zone-II and six in Zone-III were clean; however, all five in Zone-I were very dirty. The highest litter density (1.03 items/m2) was observed in Photo Nallah 1 and Photo Nallah 2, whereas the lowest (0.09 items/m2) was observed in Jahaji Beach. According to the Clean Coast Index (CCI), Jahaji Beach (Zone-III) is the very cleanest beach (1.74) while other beaches of Zone-II and Zone-III are clean. The findings of the Plastic Abundance Index (PAI) indicate that Zone-II and Zone-III beaches have a low abundance of plastics (< 1), while two beaches of Zone-I, viz., Katla Dera and Dhani Nallah, exhibited a moderate abundance of plastics (< 4) while a high abundance of plastics (< 8) was observed in the rest of three beaches of the same zone. The primary contributor of litter on Rutland's beaches was plastic polymers (60-99%), which were presumed to originate from the Indian Ocean Rim Countries (IORC). A collective litter management initiative by the IORC is essential in preventing littering on remote islands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Venkatesan Shiva Shankar
- Department of Coastal Disaster Management, Pondicherry University, Brookshabad Campus, Port Blair, Andaman and Nicobar Islands, 744112, India.
- Faculty of Environment Science, ANCOL, Chakargaon, Andaman and Nicobar Islands, 744112, India.
| | - Neelam Purti
- Department of Environment and Forest, Manglutan Range, South Andaman Forest Division, Port Blair, Andaman and Nicobar Islands, 744105, India
| | - Sivasankar Ramakrishnan
- Applied Research Center for Environment and Marine Studies, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran, 31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - Thanamegam Kaviarasan
- National Centre for Coastal Research (NCCR), Ministry of Earth Sciences, Government of India, NIOT Campus, Pallikaranai, Chennai, 600100, India
| | | | - Sunil Jacob
- Department of Chemistry, Catholicate College, Mahatma Gandhi University, Pathanamthitta, 689695, India
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Sánchez-García N, Sanz-Lázaro C. Darwin's paradise contaminated by marine debris. Understanding their sources and accumulation dynamics. ☆. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 324:121310. [PMID: 36804143 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Plastic pollution is a global environmental threat. Remote and pristine islands are not safe from this threat. Here, we estimated beach macro- (>25 mm), meso- (5-25 mm) and microdebris (<5 mm) levels in Galapagos and studied the role of environmental variables determining their accumulation. The vast majority of beach macro- and mesodebris were plastic, while most microdebris were cellulosic. The levels of beach macro-, meso- and microplastics were notably high and comparable with exceptional levels reported in contaminated areas. Oceanic currents and the anthropic pressure of use of the beach were the main factors that determined the level of macro- and mesoplastics, as well as the diversity of items, with more types of items in the beaches facing the predominant current. Microplastic levels were mainly driven by the slope and, to some extent, the grain size of the sediment in the beach. The absence of relationship between the levels of large size debris and the level of microplastics suggests that secondary microplastics that accumulated in the beaches were previously fragmented before arriving to the beach. This differential influence of environmental factors in the accumulation of marine debris according to their size should be taken into account when developing strategies to mitigate plastic pollution. Additionally, this study reports high levels of marine debris reported in a remote and protected area such as Galapagos, which are comparable to areas with direct sources of marine debris. This is especially worrying for Galapagos since the sampled beaches are cleaned at least annually. This fact highlights the global dimension of this environmental threat that demands further extensive international commitment to conserve some of the last paradises on Earth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Sánchez-García
- Multidisciplinary Institute for Environmental Studies (MIES), Universidad de Alicante, P.O. Box 99, E-03080 Alicante, Spain; Department of Ecology, University of Alicante, PO Box 99, E-03080 Alicante, Spain.
| | - Carlos Sanz-Lázaro
- Multidisciplinary Institute for Environmental Studies (MIES), Universidad de Alicante, P.O. Box 99, E-03080 Alicante, Spain; Department of Ecology, University of Alicante, PO Box 99, E-03080 Alicante, Spain.
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11
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Lenz M, Brennecke D, Haeckel M, Knickmeier K, Kossel E. Spatio-temporal variability in the abundance and composition of beach litter and microplastics along the Baltic Sea coast of Schleswig-Holstein, Germany. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2023; 190:114830. [PMID: 36989596 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.114830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Abundance and composition of beach litter and microplastics (20-5000 μm, excluding fibres) were assessed in spring and autumn 2018 at various beaches along the Baltic Sea coast of Schleswig-Holstein, Northern Germany. The beach litter survey followed the OSPAR guidelines, while microplastics were extracted from sediment samples using density separation and were then identified with Raman μ-spectroscopy. We observed seasonality in the abundance and composition, but not in the mass of beach litter. The median microplastic abundance was 2 particles per 500 g of dry sediment in spring as well as in autumn, while six different synthetic polymers (PE, PP, PS, PET, PVC, POM) were detected. We found no correlation between the abundances of beach litter and microplastics. Our data represent the first systematic co-assessment of macro- and micro beach litter along the Baltic Sea coast of Schleswig-Holstein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Lenz
- Marine Ecology Department, GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Düsternbrooker Weg 20, 24105 Kiel, Germany.
| | - Dennis Brennecke
- Kiel Science Factory, Leibniz Institute for Science and Mathematics Education (IPN) and Kiel University, Am Botanischen Garten 16i, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - Matthias Haeckel
- Marine Geosystems, GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Wischhofstraße 1-3, 24148 Kiel, Germany
| | - Katrin Knickmeier
- Kiel Science Factory, Leibniz Institute for Science and Mathematics Education (IPN) and Kiel University, Am Botanischen Garten 16i, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - Elke Kossel
- Marine Geosystems, GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Wischhofstraße 1-3, 24148 Kiel, Germany
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12
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Hauser-Davis RA, Bordon IC, Willmer IQ, Lopes AP, Moreira SC, Saint'Pierre TD, Vianna M. First metal and metalloid study assessment for the Black Triggerfish Melichthys niger (Bloch, 1786): Baseline data from a pristine South Atlantic oceanic island. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2023; 187:114593. [PMID: 36652862 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.114593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Metal and metalloid concentrations in Black Triggerfish, Melichthys niger (Tetraodontiformes, Balistidae), and sediments from Trindade Island, an isolated, pristine, and understudied environment in the Southwestern Atlantic Ocean were determined. Several elements were detected in sediment, including Rare Earth Elements (REE). Hg and the REE Nd were, however, not detected. Elements determined in triggerfish are indicative of systemic circulation and the presence of toxic elements indicates an exposure source. No significant associations were detected between elements in fish organs and total length, suggesting no bioaccumulation with age, nor between organs and sediment, indicating probable dietary origin. Biliary excretion indicated a local chronic source of As and Cd and non-quantifiable REE elimination. Hg concentrations were over thresholds that affect fish biochemistry processes. These baseline data are valuable concerning elemental contamination in remote oceanic islands, with the potential to be applied to future biomonitoring efforts and conservation measures for reef ecosystems worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Ann Hauser-Davis
- Laboratório de Avaliação e Promoção da Saúde Ambiental, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Av. Brasil, 4.365, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, Brazil.
| | - Isabella C Bordon
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Lineu Prestes, 1524, 05508-000 São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Isabel Q Willmer
- Laboratório de Avaliação e Promoção da Saúde Ambiental, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Av. Brasil, 4.365, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, Brazil; Laboratório de Biologia e Tecnologia Pesqueira, Departamento de Biologia Marinha, Instituto de Biologia, UFRJ, Av. Carlos Chagas Filho, 373, CCS, Bl. A., Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-541, Brazil
| | - Amanda P Lopes
- Laboratório de Avaliação e Promoção da Saúde Ambiental, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Av. Brasil, 4.365, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade e Saúde, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Av. Brasil, 4.365, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, Brazil
| | - Sérgio C Moreira
- Laboratório de Ecologia e Conservação Marinha (ECoMAR), Departamento de Ecologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Tatiana D Saint'Pierre
- Departamento de Química, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro (PUC-Rio), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Vianna
- Laboratório de Biologia e Tecnologia Pesqueira, Departamento de Biologia Marinha, Instituto de Biologia, UFRJ, Av. Carlos Chagas Filho, 373, CCS, Bl. A., Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-541, Brazil; IMAM - AquaRio, Rio de Janeiro Aquarium Research Center, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
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13
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Huang X, Gao H, Li Z, Wu F, Gong Y, Li Y. Microplastic contamination and risk assessment in blue shark (Prionace glauca) from the eastern tropical Pacific Ocean. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2022; 184:114138. [PMID: 36162290 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2022.114138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
We quantified the abundance and characteristics of microplastics in the blue shark, Prionace glauca, found in the eastern tropical Pacific Ocean and investigated the potential microplastic pollution risks. Microplastics (MPs) were detected in 39.1 % of specimens, up to 0.15 ± 0.38 items/g wet weight of the posterior part of the pylorus, and were sized 45.87 to 3220.12 μm. The majority were fibrous in shape (83.3 %) and blue in color (72.2 %). Both sexes of sharks had similar MP abundance and characteristics, except for polymers, with polyethylene terephthalate and polypropylene representing the dominant type in males and females, respectively. Most individuals experienced low pollution, but one male P. glauca exhibited a high ecological risk level owing to the high MP abundance and detection of polyvinyl chloride. This study provides an important baseline for the ingestion of microplastics by pelagic shark species and is a preliminary quantitative measure that could be used in future studies of the risk of MPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuemin Huang
- College of Marine Sciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Huachen Gao
- College of Marine Sciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zezheng Li
- College of Marine Sciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Feng Wu
- College of Marine Sciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China; Key Laboratory of Sustainable Exploitation of Oceanic Fisheries Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China; National Engineering Research Centre for Oceanic Fisheries, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China; Key Laboratory of Oceanic Fisheries Exploration, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Gong
- College of Marine Sciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China; Key Laboratory of Sustainable Exploitation of Oceanic Fisheries Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China; National Engineering Research Centre for Oceanic Fisheries, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China; Key Laboratory of Oceanic Fisheries Exploration, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai, China.
| | - Yunkai Li
- College of Marine Sciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China; Key Laboratory of Sustainable Exploitation of Oceanic Fisheries Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China; National Engineering Research Centre for Oceanic Fisheries, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China; Key Laboratory of Oceanic Fisheries Exploration, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai, China.
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14
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Queiroz AFDS, da Conceição AS, Chelazzi D, Rollnic M, Cincinelli A, Giarrizzo T, Martinelli Filho JE. First assessment of microplastic and artificial microfiber contamination in surface waters of the Amazon Continental Shelf. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 839:156259. [PMID: 35644394 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.156259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Revised: 05/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The composition and distribution of microplastics (MPs) in the Brazilian Amazon Continental Shelf surface waters are described for the first time. The study was conducted during the 2018 rainy and dry seasons, using 57 water samples collected with aluminum buckets and filtered through a 64-μm mesh. The samples were vacuum-filtered in a still-air box, and the content of each filter was measured, counted, and classified. A total of 12,288 floating MPs were retrieved; particles were present at all 57 sampling points. The mean MP abundance was 3593 ± 2264 items·m-3, with significantly higher values during the rainy season (1500 to 12,967; 4772 ± 2761 items·m-3) than in the dry season (323 to 5733; 2672 ± 1167 items·m-3). Polyamides (PA), polyurethane (PU), and acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) were the most common polymers identified through Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis. Cellulose-based textile fibers were also abundant (~40%). Our results indicate that the Amazon Continental Shelf is contaminated with moderate to high levels of MPs; the highest abundances were recorded at stations near land-based sources such as river mouths and large coastal cities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnaldo Fabrício Dos Santos Queiroz
- Laboratório de Oceanografia Biológica and Centro de Estudos Avançados da Biodiversidade, Universidade Federal do Pará, Av. Augusto Corrêa s/n, Guamá, Belém, PA 66075-110, Brazil; Laboratório de Pesquisa em Monitoramento Ambiental Marinho, Universidade Federal do Pará, Av. Augusto Corrêa s/n, Guamá, Belém, PA 66075-110, Brazil
| | - Amanda Saraiva da Conceição
- Laboratório de Oceanografia Biológica and Centro de Estudos Avançados da Biodiversidade, Universidade Federal do Pará, Av. Augusto Corrêa s/n, Guamá, Belém, PA 66075-110, Brazil
| | - David Chelazzi
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff" and CSGI, University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy.
| | - Marcelo Rollnic
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Monitoramento Ambiental Marinho, Universidade Federal do Pará, Av. Augusto Corrêa s/n, Guamá, Belém, PA 66075-110, Brazil
| | - Alessandra Cincinelli
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff" and CSGI, University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - Tommaso Giarrizzo
- Grupo de Ecologia Aquática. Espaço Inovação do Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia Guamá (PCT Guamá), Belém, Guamá, Pará, Brazil; Instituto de Ciências do Mar (LABOMAR), Universidade Federal do Ceará (UFC), Avenida da Abolição, 3207, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - José Eduardo Martinelli Filho
- Laboratório de Oceanografia Biológica and Centro de Estudos Avançados da Biodiversidade, Universidade Federal do Pará, Av. Augusto Corrêa s/n, Guamá, Belém, PA 66075-110, Brazil; Laboratório de Pesquisa em Monitoramento Ambiental Marinho, Universidade Federal do Pará, Av. Augusto Corrêa s/n, Guamá, Belém, PA 66075-110, Brazil.
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15
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Veerasingam S, Chatting M, Asim FS, Al-Khayat J, Vethamony P. Detection and assessment of marine litter in an uninhabited island, Arabian Gulf: A case study with conventional and machine learning approaches. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 838:156064. [PMID: 35597358 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.156064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In 2018, the Ministry of Municipality and Environment, Qatar removed 90 t of marine litter (ML) from the Ras Rakan Island (RRI), a remote uninhabited island in the Arabian Gulf (hereinafter referred to as Gulf). To identify the sources of ML and understand the post-cleaning ML accumulation rate, a ML survey was conducted around RRI in 2019. A total of 1341 ML items were found around RRI with an average abundance of 3.4 items/m2. In addition, a machine learning approach was applied to extract the quantity and types of ML from 10,400 images from the sampling sites (beaches) to make the ML clean-up process and monitoring effort more efficient. The image coordinates of ML objects were used to train an object detection algorithm 'You Only Look Once (YOLO-v5)' to automatically detect ML from video data. An image enhancement technique was performed to improve the quality of unclear images. The best performing YOLO-v5 model had 90% of mean Average Precision (mAP) while maintaining near real-time processing speeds at 2 ms/image. The abundance of ML around RRI was higher than that found on the coast of mainland Qatar. 61.5% of the sampling locations are considered as 'extremely dirty' based on Clean Coast Index. Windward beaches had higher ML concentrations (derived from neighbouring countries) than the leeward beaches. Like RRI, most of the uninhabited islands in the Arabian Gulf are home to many seabirds and sea turtles, and could act as major sinks for ML deposition. Therefore, implementation of this machine learning technique to all islands allows estimating and mitigating the load of ML for achieving a sustaining and a cleaner ocean.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Veerasingam
- UNESCO Chair in Marine Sciences, Environmental Science Center, Qatar University, P.O. Box: 2713, Doha, Qatar.
| | - Mark Chatting
- UNESCO Chair in Marine Sciences, Environmental Science Center, Qatar University, P.O. Box: 2713, Doha, Qatar.
| | - Fahad Syed Asim
- UNESCO Chair in Marine Sciences, Environmental Science Center, Qatar University, P.O. Box: 2713, Doha, Qatar.
| | - Jassim Al-Khayat
- UNESCO Chair in Marine Sciences, Environmental Science Center, Qatar University, P.O. Box: 2713, Doha, Qatar.
| | - P Vethamony
- UNESCO Chair in Marine Sciences, Environmental Science Center, Qatar University, P.O. Box: 2713, Doha, Qatar.
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16
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Falsini S, Colzi I, Chelazzi D, Dainelli M, Schiff S, Papini A, Coppi A, Gonnelli C, Ristori S. Plastic is in the air: Impact of micro-nanoplastics from airborne pollution on Tillandsia usneoides (L.) L. (Bromeliaceae) as a possible green sensor. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 437:129314. [PMID: 35728311 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.129314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Due to the increasing evidence of widespread plastic pollution in the air, the impact on plants of airborne particles of polycarbonate (PC), polyethyleneterephthalate (PET), polyethylene (PE), and polyvinylchloride (PVC) was tested by administering pristine and aged airborne micro-nanoplastics (MNPs) to Tillandsia usneoides for two weeks. Here we showed that exposure to pristine MNPs, significantly reduced plant growth with respect to controls. Particularly, PVC almost halved plant development at the end of the treatment, while the other plastics exerted negative effects on growth only at the beginning of the exposure, with final stages comparable to those of controls. Plants exposed to aged MNPs showed significantly decreased growth at early stages with PC, later in the growth with PE, and even later with PET. Aged PVC did not exert a toxic effect on plants. When present, the plastic-mediated reduction in plant growth was coupled with a decrease in photosynthetic activity and alterations in the plant concentration of macro- and micronutrients. The plastic particles were showed to adhere to the plant surface and, preferentially, on the trichome wings. Our results reported, for the first time, evidence of negative effects of airborne plastic pollution on plant health, thus raising concerns for related environmental risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Falsini
- Department of Biology, Università degli Studi di Firenze, via Micheli 1, 50121 Florence, Italy
| | - Ilaria Colzi
- Department of Biology, Università degli Studi di Firenze, via Micheli 1, 50121 Florence, Italy.
| | - David Chelazzi
- Department of Chemistry and CSGI, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Via della Lastruccia 3-13, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Marco Dainelli
- Department of Biology, Università degli Studi di Firenze, via Micheli 1, 50121 Florence, Italy
| | - Silvia Schiff
- Department of Biology, Università degli Studi di Firenze, via Micheli 1, 50121 Florence, Italy
| | - Alessio Papini
- Department of Biology, Università degli Studi di Firenze, via Micheli 1, 50121 Florence, Italy
| | - Andrea Coppi
- Department of Biology, Università degli Studi di Firenze, via Micheli 1, 50121 Florence, Italy
| | - Cristina Gonnelli
- Department of Biology, Università degli Studi di Firenze, via Micheli 1, 50121 Florence, Italy
| | - Sandra Ristori
- Department of Chemistry and CSGI, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Via della Lastruccia 3-13, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
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17
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Theophilo CYS, Ribeiro AP, Trevizani TH, Majer AP, Montone RC, Rakauskas F, de Arruda CSC, Moreira EG, Figueira RCL. Assessment of crabs from Trindade, a Brazilian remote island: Support to marine studies. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2022; 182:113922. [PMID: 35870357 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2022.113922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 06/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Trindade is a remote island far from 1170 km of the Brazilian coast in the Atlantic Ocean, between South America and South Africa. The island has great biodiversity and scientific studies on the fauna and flora of Trindade are still scarce. Accordingly, since crustacean species of the island are also little known, this research features an unprecedented data set, which provides information on the level of potential toxic elements in two crab species: the Grapsus grapsus (herbivore) and the endemic species Gecarcinus lagostoma (omnivorous) which is in threatened status. Although Trindade has experienced contamination from human activities, mainly plastic debris, the element levels found in the samples suggest that there are no relevant inorganic sources into the island. Since minor and trace elements accumulated by marine invertebrates does not present a pattern behavior, our results can support other studies focused on the impact of global warming to the marine ecosystem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Yume Sawamura Theophilo
- Universidade de São Paulo, Instituto Oceanográfico, Laboratório de Química Inorgânica Marinha, São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares, Centro do Reator de Pesquisa, Laboratório de Análise por Ativação Neutrônica, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Andreza Portella Ribeiro
- Universidade Nove de Julho, Programa de Mestrado em Cidades Inteligentes e Sustentáveis, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - Tailisi Hoppe Trevizani
- Universidade de São Paulo, Instituto Oceanográfico, Laboratório de Química Inorgânica Marinha, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Alessandra Pereira Majer
- Universidade de São Paulo, Instituto Oceanográfico, Laboratório de Química Inorgânica Marinha, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Rosalinda Carmela Montone
- Universidade de São Paulo, Instituto Oceanográfico, Laboratório de Química Inorgânica Marinha, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Felipe Rakauskas
- Universidade Nove de Julho, Programa de Mestrado em Cidades Inteligentes e Sustentáveis, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Edson Gonçalves Moreira
- Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares, Centro do Reator de Pesquisa, Laboratório de Análise por Ativação Neutrônica, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Rubens Cesar Lopes Figueira
- Universidade de São Paulo, Instituto Oceanográfico, Laboratório de Química Inorgânica Marinha, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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18
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Santos FA, Diório GR, Guedes CCF, Fernandino G, Giannini PCF, Angulo RJ, de Souza MC, César-Oliveira MAF, Dos Santos Oliveira AR. Plastic debris forms: Rock analogues emerging from marine pollution. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2022; 182:114031. [PMID: 35969903 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2022.114031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Continuous input of plastic litter in ocean and coastal environments achieved alarming levels that are exposing new settings in natural systems. While novel plastic debris pollution, with rock-like appearance, has been reported worldwide, fundamentally geological analyses are still lacking. We surveyed the first occurrence of multiple associated plastic debris on a single outcrop located in a remote site (Trindade Island, SE Atlantic Ocean). Even though all plastic debris forms consisted of polypropylene and polyethylene, through a sedimentary approach (cross section, macro, and micro analyses) distinct types were identified. We detected plastiglomerates, geogenic analogous to conglomerates, divided into in situ and clastic types, and formed over beach sediment. We identified plastistones as a new type with homogeneous composition (lacking incorporated materials), geogenic-looking igneous rocks, divided into in situ and clastic types, and formed over rock surfaces. We linked pyroplastics, geogenic analogous to clasts, to clastic plastiglomerates/plastistones, therefore representing clastic types of plastic debris forms. This association was correlated in a depositional system model, which suggests that plastic debris forms are rock synthetic equivalents in which humans act as depositional and post-depositional agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Avelar Santos
- Laboratório de Estudos Costeiros, Programa de Pós-graduação em Geologia, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Centro Politécnico, Caixa Postal 19001, 81531-970 Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil.
| | - Giovana Rebelo Diório
- Laboratório de Análise de Bacias, Programa de Pós-graduação em Geologia, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Centro Politécnico, Caixa Postal 19001, 81531-970 Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Carlos Conforti Ferreira Guedes
- Laboratório de Estudos Costeiros, Programa de Pós-graduação em Geologia, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Centro Politécnico, Caixa Postal 19001, 81531-970 Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Gerson Fernandino
- Centro de Estudos Costeiros, Limnológicos e Marinhos, Departamento Interdisciplinar, Campus Litoral Norte, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Tramandaí, 976, 95625-000 Imbé, RS, Brazil
| | - Paulo C F Giannini
- Universidade de São Paulo, Instituto de Geociências, Rua dos lagos 562, 05508-080, SP, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rodolfo José Angulo
- Laboratório de Estudos Costeiros, Programa de Pós-graduação em Geologia, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Centro Politécnico, Caixa Postal 19001, 81531-970 Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Maria Cristina de Souza
- Laboratório de Estudos Costeiros, Programa de Pós-graduação em Geologia, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Centro Politécnico, Caixa Postal 19001, 81531-970 Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Maria Aparecida Ferreira César-Oliveira
- Laboratório de Química de Polímeros e Síntese Orgânica, Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Caixa Postal 19032, 81531-980 Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Angelo Roberto Dos Santos Oliveira
- Laboratório de Química de Polímeros e Síntese Orgânica, Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Caixa Postal 19032, 81531-980 Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
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19
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Kernchen S, Löder MGJ, Fischer F, Fischer D, Moses SR, Georgi C, Nölscher AC, Held A, Laforsch C. Airborne microplastic concentrations and deposition across the Weser River catchment. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 818:151812. [PMID: 34808158 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.151812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Revised: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Microplastic (MP) appears to be omnipresent in the atmosphere, raising concerns about dispersion across environmental compartments, ecological consequences and human health risks by inhalation. To date, data on the sources of atmospheric MP and deposition to river catchment areas are still sparse. We, therefore, took aerosol and total atmospheric deposition samples in the catchment area of the large German river Weser to estimate microplastic deposition fluxes (DFs) at six specific sites and airborne MP concentrations. Sampling in rural, suburban, and urban environments and wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) was performed, aiming at a variation in airborne MP pollution and elucidating potential MP source areas. Aerosol samples were taken twice in April and October while monthly total deposition samples were collected over a period from March to October. Microplastics were detected in all analysed aerosol samples by Raman spectroscopy down to 4 μm, and in all 32 total deposition samples by μFT-IR down to 11 μm. Average MP number concentrations of 91 ± 47 m-3 were found in aerosol samples. The measured total MP number DFs ranged between 10 and 367 N m-2 day-1 (99 ± 85 mean ± SD) corresponding to total deposition of 0.05 ± 0.1 kg ha-1 per year and to an estimated 232 metric tons of plastic being deposited in the Weser River catchment annually. MP number DFs were higher in urban than rural sites. An effect of WWTPs on the MP abundance in air was not observed. Polypropylene, polyethylene, polyethylene terephthalate, polyvinyl chloride, polystyrene, and silicone fragments were found as the predominant polymer types in total deposition samples, while polyethylene particles dominated in aerosol samples. The results suggest that proximity to sources, especially to cities, increase the numbers of MP found in the atmosphere. It further indicates that atmospheric MP considerably contributes to the contamination of both aquatic and terrestrial habitats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarmite Kernchen
- Department of Atmospheric Chemistry, University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth 95440, Germany
| | - Martin G J Löder
- Department of Animal Ecology I and BayCEER, University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth 95440, Germany
| | - Franziska Fischer
- Leibniz Institute of Polymer Research Dresden, Dresden 01069, Germany
| | - Dieter Fischer
- Leibniz Institute of Polymer Research Dresden, Dresden 01069, Germany
| | - Sonya R Moses
- Department of Animal Ecology I and BayCEER, University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth 95440, Germany
| | - Christoph Georgi
- Chair of Environmental Chemistry and Air Research, Technische Universität Berlin, Berlin 10623, Germany
| | - Anke C Nölscher
- Department of Atmospheric Chemistry, University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth 95440, Germany
| | - Andreas Held
- Chair of Environmental Chemistry and Air Research, Technische Universität Berlin, Berlin 10623, Germany.
| | - Christian Laforsch
- Department of Animal Ecology I and BayCEER, University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth 95440, Germany.
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20
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De K, Sautya S, Gaikwad S, Mitra A, Nanajkar M. Characterization of anthropogenic marine macro-debris affecting coral habitat in the highly urbanized seascape of Mumbai megacity. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 298:118798. [PMID: 34999148 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.118798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2021] [Revised: 01/02/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Marine debris has become a major form of pollution and a serious ecosystem health concern. The present study evaluates the accumulation, origin, and fate of debris in intertidal coral habitats of Mumbai-one of the world's highly populated coastal cities on the west coast of India. Predominantly, seven hermatypic coral species belonging to seven genera and five families were identified and mainly represented by Pseudosidastrea, Porites, and Bernardpora. In terms of number, the mean density of marine debris was 1.60 ± 0.13 SE items/m2, which is higher than the global average. The mean density of plastic debris was 1.46 ± 0.14 SE items/m2. Approximately 9% of total coral colonies were in physical contact with debris, and 22% of these colonies showed visible signs of partial bleaching. Single use plastic bags and wrappers were dominant plastic debris. The study area was characterized as 'very poor cleanliness' according to the Beach Quality Indexes, which include the Clean Coast Index, General Index, and Hazardous Items Index. The numerical model indicates the influence of river discharge and probable areas of plastic accumulation with high tidal currents in this region, maneuvering the spatial advection of litter in the nearshore areas. Combined analysis of ground-truthing and model simulation implies that the possible contributing sources of litter were representatives of land-based and sea-originated. The overall results point to increasing anthropogenic stressors threatening coastal coral communities, including marine debris pollution. It is advocated to adopt an integrated coastal zone management approach supported by coordinated policy frameworks could guide the mitigation of the debris footprint in coastal environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalyan De
- CSIR- National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula, Goa, 403004, India.
| | - Sabyasachi Sautya
- Laboratory for Benthic Ecological Trait Analysis (L-BETA), CSIR- National Institute of Oceanography, Regional Centre-Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400053, India.
| | - Santosh Gaikwad
- Laboratory for Benthic Ecological Trait Analysis (L-BETA), CSIR- National Institute of Oceanography, Regional Centre-Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400053, India.
| | - Aditi Mitra
- CSIR- National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula, Goa, 403004, India.
| | - Mandar Nanajkar
- CSIR- National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula, Goa, 403004, India.
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21
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Zhang S, Wang N, Gong S, Gao S. The patterns of trophic transfer of microplastic ingestion by fish in the artificial reef area and adjacent waters of Haizhou Bay. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2022; 177:113565. [PMID: 35314394 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2022.113565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Plastic pollution has become a threat to the global marine environment. Many studies have shown that marine organisms are at risk of plastic ingestion, but there is still a lack of relevant research in the artificial reef area and adjacent waters of Haizhou Bay, located in the western Yellow Sea. The study of MPs will provide useful information for MPs pollution in the artificial reef food webs, as well as the understanding of MPs trophic transfer by reef fish. In this study, we quantified plastic ingestion by marine fish in artificial reef areas and adjacent waters (Natural area, NA; Aquaculture area, AA; Estuary area, EA; Artificial reefs area, AR and Comprehensive effective area, CEA) and analysed the related possible influencing factors. Of the 146 fish samples examined, 100% of fish ingested plastics, and 98.9% of these particles were microplastics (MPs) (<5 mm), with 3.00 ± 2.63 pieces/fish. The main types and colours of MPs were fibre (95.9%) and blue (84%). The MP quantity of AR and AA were significantly higher than that of CEA (P < 0.05) and there is no significant difference among other habitats. The MP ingestion by pelagic fishes was significantly lower than that of demersal fishes (P < 0.05). MP ingestion by omnivores was significantly higher than that by carnivores and planktivores (P < 0.05). The body length (body weight) of four species (Larimichthys polyactis: 17.7-16.7 cm (16.01-59.41 g); Collichthys lucidus: 8.1-14.3 cm (19.65-56.92 g); Tridentiger barbatus: 5.9-9.2 cm (3.37-19.1 g); Cynoglossus joyneri: 10.1-18.7 cm (5-45 g)) had no significant correlation with MP ingestion (P > 0.05). Our results showed that MPs in this region are ubiquitous (i.e., the MP ingestion rate was as high as 100%). We infer that there is a transfer mechanism in MPs from pelagic to benthic fish in this area, and there is weak biomagnification with the trophic transfer of the food chain (TMF = 1.62). However, more practical studies still need to verify whether MPs are actually transferred to humans through trophic transfer from the marine food web.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Zhang
- College of Marine Sciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Joint Laboratory for Monitoring and Conservation of Aquatic Living Resources In the Yangtze Estuary, Shanghai 200000, China
| | - Nuo Wang
- College of Marine Sciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Siming Gong
- College of Marine Sciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Shike Gao
- College of Marine Sciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China.
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22
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Scopetani C, Chelazzi D, Cincinelli A, Martellini T, Leiniö V, Pellinen J. Hazardous contaminants in plastics contained in compost and agricultural soil. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 293:133645. [PMID: 35051512 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.133645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Macro-, meso- and microplastic (MAP, MEP, MP) occurrence in compost is an environmental issue whose extent and effects are not yet understood. Here, we studied the occurrence of MAPs, MEPs and MPs in compost samples, and the transfer of hazardous contaminants from plastics to compost and soil. MAPs/MEPs and MPs concentrations in compost were 6.5 g/kg and 6.6 ± 1.5 pieces/kg; from common recommendations for compost application, we estimated ∼4-23 × 107 pieces MPs and 4-29 × 104 g MAPs/MEPs ha-1 per year ending into agricultural soils fertilized with such compost. Regarding contaminants, bis(ethylhexyl) phthalate, acetyl tributyl citrate, dodecane and nonanal were extracted in higher concentrations from plastics and plastic-contaminated compost than from compost where MAPs/MEPs had been removed prior to extraction and analysis. However, some contaminants were present even after MAPs/MEPs removal, ascribable to short- and long-term release by MAPs/MEPs, and to the presence of MPs. DEHP concentration was higher in soils where compost was applied than in fields where it was not used. These results, along with estimations of plastic load to soil from the use of compost, show that compost application is a source of plastic pollution into agricultural fields, and that plastic might transfer hazardous contaminants to soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Costanza Scopetani
- Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Ecosystems and Environment Research Programme, University of Helsinki, Niemenkatu 73, FI-15140, Lahti, Finland.
| | - David Chelazzi
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff" and CSGI, University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019, Florence, Italy
| | - Alessandra Cincinelli
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff" and CSGI, University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019, Florence, Italy
| | - Tania Martellini
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019, Florence, Italy
| | - Ville Leiniö
- Muovipoli Ltd, Niemenkatu 73, 15140, Lahti, Finland
| | - Jukka Pellinen
- Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Ecosystems and Environment Research Programme, University of Helsinki, Niemenkatu 73, FI-15140, Lahti, Finland
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23
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Portz L, Manzolli RP, Villate-Daza DA, Fontán-Bouzas Á. Where does marine litter hide? The Providencia and Santa Catalina Island problem, SEAFLOWER Reserve (Colombia). THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 813:151878. [PMID: 34826464 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.151878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The SEAFLOWER Biosphere Reserve (SBR) is the largest Marine Protected Area in the Caribbean Sea and the second largest in Latin America. Marine protected areas are under pressure from various stressors, one of the most important issues being pollution by marine litter, especially plastic. In this study our aim is to establish the distribution pattern and potential sources of solid waste in the different marine/coastal ecosystems of the islands of Providencia and Santa Catalina (SBR), as well as assess any interconnections between these ecosystems. At the same time, the distribution characteristics of marine litter in the different compartments facilitated a more dynamic understanding of the load of marine litter supplied by the islands, both locally and externally. We observed that certain ecosystems, principally back-beach vegetation and mangroves, act as crucial marine litter accumulation zones. Mangroves are important hotspots for plastic accumulation, with densities above eight items/m2 (minimum 8.38 and maximum 10.38 items/m2), while back-beach vegetation (minimum 1.43 and maximum 7.03 items/m2) also removes and stores a portion of the marine litter that arrives on the beaches. Tourist beaches for recreational activities have a low density of marine litter (minimum 0.01 and maximum 0.72 items/m2) due to regular clean-ups, whereas around non-tourist beaches, there is a greater variety of sources and accumulation (minimum 0.31 and maximum 5.41 items/m2). The low density of marine litter found on corals around the island (0-0.02 items/m2) indicates that there is still no significant marine litter stream to the coral reefs. Identifying contamination levels in terms of marine litter and possible flows between ecosystems is critical for adopting management and reduction strategies for such residues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luana Portz
- Civil and Environmental Department, Universidad de la Costa, Calle 58 # 55 - 66, Barranquilla, Colombia.
| | | | | | - Ángela Fontán-Bouzas
- Centro de Investigación Mariña (CIM), Universidade de Vigo, GEOMA, Vigo 36310, Spain; Physics Department & CESAM - Centre of Environmental and Marine Studies, University of Aveiro, Portugal.
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24
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Scott JW, Turner A, Prada AF, Zhao L. Heterogeneous weathering of polypropylene in the marine environment. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 812:152308. [PMID: 34952054 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.152308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Polypropylene (PP) inkjet cartridges spilled during January 2014 in the northwest Atlantic Ocean from a container ship and subsequently retrieved from beaches around Europe and the Azores along with a matching reference cartridge that had not been exposed to the environment were physically and chemically characterized. Compared with the reference, the cartridges retrieved from the marine environment exhibited considerable cracking-fracturing, discoloration, surface roughness, loss of gloss and staining. Infrared analysis revealed that weathering was highly heterogeneous, with the carbonyl index ranging from <0.1 to >0.9 over areas of sub-mm-dimensions. The high degree of weathering was partly attributed to the presence, quality, and distribution of the titanium dioxide pigment, TiO2. Thus, in the absence of sufficient protection by encapsulation or addition of antioxidants, the ultraviolet light-absorbing pigment promoted the formation of free radicals and photocatalytic oxidation. The results of this study show that consumer plastics containing TiO2 for coloration or tinting purposes, when not designed for exterior use (in the absence of encapsulation or antioxidants), may experience accelerated weathering in the marine environment, and that estimates of plastic persistence should factor in the role of additives that promote photoactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- John W Scott
- The Illinois Sustainable Technology Center, Prairie Research Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
| | - Andrew Turner
- School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Plymouth, Drake Circus, Plymouth PL4 8AA, UK
| | - Andres F Prada
- The Illinois Sustainable Technology Center, Prairie Research Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Linduo Zhao
- The Illinois Sustainable Technology Center, Prairie Research Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
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25
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Piyawardhana N, Weerathunga V, Chen HS, Guo L, Huang PJ, Ranatunga RRMKP, Hung CC. Occurrence of microplastics in commercial marine dried fish in Asian countries. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 423:127093. [PMID: 34536847 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.127093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The major risk of microplastics in marine environments is the bioaccumulation in marine organisms. Plastic ingestion by marine organisms has been investigated and recently more attention has been given to microplastics in seafood. However, it is seldom reported the occurrence of microplastics in marine commercial dried fish products available for human consumption. Here, we report the occurrence of microplastics in 14different marine dried fish products from seven Asian countries. Microplastics were observed in most dried fish, with fibers representing ~80% of the total-microplastics. The major plastic polymers, identified using Micro-Raman spectroscopy, included polyethylene (35%), polyethylene terephthalate (26%), polystyrene (18%), polyvinyl chloride (12%), and polypropylene (9%). The highest count, in either per individual (1.92 ± 0.12) or per gram of dried fish (0.56 ± 0.03), were found in Etrumeus micropus from Japan. Marine dried fish, which are typically eaten whole, may contribute to the ingestion of microplastics by humans, posing potential health risks especially in Asian countries. Further studies are needed to identify the occurrence of smaller sized microplastics and nanoplastics and their potential health impacts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathangi Piyawardhana
- Department of Oceanography, National Sun Yat-sen University, 70 Lien-hai Rd., Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Veran Weerathunga
- Department of Oceanography, National Sun Yat-sen University, 70 Lien-hai Rd., Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Hsu-Sen Chen
- Department of Oceanography, National Sun Yat-sen University, 70 Lien-hai Rd., Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Laodong Guo
- School of Freshwater Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, 600 E Greenfield Ave., Milwaukee, WI 53204, USA
| | - Po-Jung Huang
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Sun Yat-sen University, 70 Lien-hai Rd., Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan, ROC
| | - R R M K P Ranatunga
- Center for Marine Science & Technology, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Nugegoda 10250, Sri Lanka
| | - Chin-Chang Hung
- Department of Oceanography, National Sun Yat-sen University, 70 Lien-hai Rd., Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan, ROC.
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26
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Póvoa AA, de Araújo FV, Skinner LF. Macroorganisms fouled in marine anthropogenic litter (rafting) arround a tropical bay in the Southwest Atlantic. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2022; 175:113347. [PMID: 35202916 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2022.113347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The presence of floating marine anthropogenic litter in marine environments increase the possibility of transportation of fouling organisms using these substrates as a vector, mainly for those species with close affinities to artificial substrates. The objectives were to qualitatively and quantitatively report anthropogenic litter and its associated fouling groups arround Ilha Grande Bay (IGB). Litter was collected, classified and examined for the presence of fouling organisms on beaches located at two different levels of wave exposure during rainy and dry seasons. The types of litter do not differ among beaches, and the highest density and cover of fouling were reported on exposed beaches due the currents, winds, and storm waves. Bryozoans, barnacles, polychaetes, and mollusks were the most frequent fouling groups observed in litter and represents a potential vector for the dispersion of species in the IGB and adjacent coastal areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alain Alves Póvoa
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Marinha e Ambientes Costeiros, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Outeiro de São João Batista s/n - Centro - Niterói, Rio de Janeiro 24020-971, Brazil.
| | - Fábio Vieira de Araújo
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Marinha e Ambientes Costeiros, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Outeiro de São João Batista s/n - Centro - Niterói, Rio de Janeiro 24020-971, Brazil; Departamento de Ciências, Faculdade de Formação de Professores da Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rua Francisco Portela 1470, Patronato, São Gonçalo 24435-005, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Luís Felipe Skinner
- Departamento de Ciências, Faculdade de Formação de Professores da Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rua Francisco Portela 1470, Patronato, São Gonçalo 24435-005, RJ, Brazil.
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27
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Brabo L, Andrades R, Franceschini S, Soares MO, Russo T, Giarrizzo T. Disentangling beach litter pollution patterns to provide better guidelines for decision-making in coastal management. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2022; 174:113310. [PMID: 35090294 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2021.113310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Beach litter represents a worldwide problem impacting both terrestrial and aquatic environments. In the present study, we assessed beach litter pollution in a prominent touristic site in Brazil, the Jericoacoara National Park. In particular, we applied a delta-generalized additive modeling (GAM) approach in order to investigate pollution hotspots and to provide better guidelines for coastal environmental managers. A total of 7549 litter items were collected, resulting hard and flexible plastics the most abundant type. Our GAM analysis revealed that the distribution of each type of litter was affected by distinct drivers in the protected area, with the extension of the beach, tourist attractions, wind angle, and the distance to water bodies and villages as the most significant explanatory variables. Our model is suitable in predicting litter pollution hotspots on beaches, which is a valuable tool for future guidelines and effective management strategies to prevent beach pollution worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucio Brabo
- Grupo de Ecologia Aquática, Espaço Inovação do Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia do Guamá, Belém, PA, Brazil; Núcleo de Ecologia Aquática e Pesca da Amazônia (NEAP), Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA), Belém, PA, Brazil.
| | - Ryan Andrades
- Grupo de Ecologia Aquática, Espaço Inovação do Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia do Guamá, Belém, PA, Brazil; Núcleo de Ecologia Aquática e Pesca da Amazônia (NEAP), Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA), Belém, PA, Brazil
| | | | - Marcelo Oliveira Soares
- Instituto de Ciências do Mar (LABOMAR), Universidade Federal do Ceará (UFC), Avenida da Abolição 3207, Fortaleza, CE 60165-081, Brazil; Reef Systems Research Group, Leibniz Center for Tropical Marine Research (ZMT), Bremen, Germany
| | - Tommaso Russo
- Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Tommaso Giarrizzo
- Grupo de Ecologia Aquática, Espaço Inovação do Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia do Guamá, Belém, PA, Brazil; Núcleo de Ecologia Aquática e Pesca da Amazônia (NEAP), Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA), Belém, PA, Brazil; Instituto de Ciências do Mar (LABOMAR), Universidade Federal do Ceará (UFC), Avenida da Abolição 3207, Fortaleza, CE 60165-081, Brazil
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28
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Rizzo A, Rangel-Buitrago N, Impedovo A, Mastronuzzi G, Scardino G, Scicchitano G. A rapid assessment of litter magnitudes and impacts along the Torre Guaceto marine protected area (Brindisi, Italy). MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2021; 173:112987. [PMID: 34601251 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2021.112987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2021] [Revised: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
This study focuses on assessing litter magnitudes along the Torre Guaceto Marine Protected Area (Brindisi, Italy). Collected litter was grouped into twenty different types and classified into four litter typologies according to the Guidance on Monitoring of Marine Litter in European Seas. All data were analyzed using an index-based approach that allowed the classification of a coastal stretch in terms of cleanliness, and presence of plastics as well hazardous items. The average litter abundance in the study area was 0.5 items/m2, being plastics the most common litter item. Hazardous litter items were found along the study area, reaching 21.3% of the total collected items. The application of environmental indices allowed to define the study area with a "moderate cleanliness" and a "moderate" presence of hazardous litter items. Sampled litter typologies and related magnitudes suggest a combination of sources that mainly include direct activities on the nearby coastal zones and river basins (dumping).
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Rizzo
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra e Geoambientali, Università degli Studi di Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy.
| | - Nelson Rangel-Buitrago
- Programas de Física - Biologia, Facultad de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad del Atlántico, Barranquilla, Atlántico, Colombia
| | - Angelita Impedovo
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra e Geoambientali, Università degli Studi di Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Mastronuzzi
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra e Geoambientali, Università degli Studi di Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - Giovanni Scardino
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra e Geoambientali, Università degli Studi di Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - Giovanni Scicchitano
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra e Geoambientali, Università degli Studi di Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
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29
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Garbage Patches and Their Environmental Implications in a Plastisphere. JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/jmse9111289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
This Communication reports on the increases in the sizes of garbage patches, and their environmental implications, outlining the dimensions of what is a growing problem connected with the “plastisphere”. The paper presents some data on the distribution of garbage patches in the world’s oceans and makes some predictions on future growth, which is partly associated with the future increases in worldwide plastics production. The findings demonstrate that the size of the main garbage patches is increasing, posing a threat to the environment and marine life. The paper urges for better plastic waste management to prevent it from reaching the oceans, along with concerted actions in respect of plastic collection and cleaning up the oceans, which may include new technological solutions.
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30
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Scopetani C, Chelazzi D, Martellini T, Pellinen J, Ugolini A, Sarti C, Cincinelli A. Occurrence and characterization of microplastic and mesoplastic pollution in the Migliarino San Rossore, Massaciuccoli Nature Park (Italy). MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2021; 171:112712. [PMID: 34246930 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2021.112712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Revised: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics pollution is progressively threatening natural parks across the world. In the framework of monitoring this concerning trend, the present study focuses on the occurrence and identification of mesoplastics (MEPs) and microplastics (MPs) in sand samples collected before and after the summer season from the beach of the Nature Park of Migliarino San Rossore Massaciuccoli (Pisa, Italy). Meso- and microplastics were identified using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy 2D Imaging, and detected in all samples with average concentrations of 207 ± 30 MPs/kg d.w., and 100 ± 44 MEPs/kg d.w., respectively. Seasonal changes of flow of the Arno River, industrial activities, and urban footprint were considered as the major sources of plastic pollution. Our results showed the occurrence of both natural and synthetic polymers including cellulose, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyamides, polyethylene terephthalate, and acrylonitrile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Costanza Scopetani
- Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Ecosystems and Environment Research Programme, University of Helsinki, Niemenkatu 73, FI-15140 Lahti, Finland.
| | - David Chelazzi
- Department of Chemistry Ugo Schiff, University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Florence, Italy; Consorzio Interuniversitario per lo Sviluppo dei Sistemi a Grande Interfase (CSGI), Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Florence, Italy.
| | - Tania Martellini
- Department of Chemistry Ugo Schiff, University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Florence, Italy
| | - Jukka Pellinen
- Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Ecosystems and Environment Research Programme, University of Helsinki, Niemenkatu 73, FI-15140 Lahti, Finland
| | - Alberto Ugolini
- Department of Biology, University of Florence, Via Romana 17, 50125 Florence, Italy
| | - Chiara Sarti
- Department of Chemistry Ugo Schiff, University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Florence, Italy
| | - Alessandra Cincinelli
- Department of Chemistry Ugo Schiff, University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Florence, Italy; Consorzio Interuniversitario per lo Sviluppo dei Sistemi a Grande Interfase (CSGI), Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Florence, Italy
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Lorenzi L, Reginato BC, Mayer DG, Gentil E, Pezzin APT, Silveira VF, Dantas DV. Spatio-seasonal microplastics distribution along a shallow coastal lagoon ecocline within a marine conservation unit. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2021; 170:112644. [PMID: 34175697 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2021.112644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The aim of our study is to estimate the abundance and sources of floating microplastics (MPs) along a coastal lagoon ecocline in a marine conservation unit (MCU) for implementing effective prevention and mitigation actions in South Brazil. MPs were sampled monthly, and the abundance and size were determined for hard solids, soft plastic, plastic filaments, and paint fragments. Attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) analysis was performed, and the MPs were classified as polyethylene, polyester, polypropylene, polybutadiene, and polystyrene. Downstream areas (outside of the MCU) showed high levels of MPs, during the winter, due to low precipitation and the predominance of S/SE winds. During summer, precipitation increases, and MPs are exported with surface runoff, resulting in lower level of MPs. Outside MCU areas, a high concentration of tourism houses, commercials, and artisanal fisheries were observed, which could contribute to all types of plastic debris found in our study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciano Lorenzi
- Grupo de Estudos de Organismos Bentônicos de Fundos Inconsolidados Vegetados e não Vegetados, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas - Biologia Marinha, Universidade da Região de Joinville (UNIVILLE), Rodovia Duque de Caxias, 6 365 São Francisco do Sul, Santa Catarina, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde e Meio Ambiente PPGSMA - UNIVILLE, Brazil
| | - Bruna C Reginato
- Grupo de Estudos de Organismos Bentônicos de Fundos Inconsolidados Vegetados e não Vegetados, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas - Biologia Marinha, Universidade da Região de Joinville (UNIVILLE), Rodovia Duque de Caxias, 6 365 São Francisco do Sul, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Devon G Mayer
- Grupo de Estudos de Organismos Bentônicos de Fundos Inconsolidados Vegetados e não Vegetados, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas - Biologia Marinha, Universidade da Região de Joinville (UNIVILLE), Rodovia Duque de Caxias, 6 365 São Francisco do Sul, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Gentil
- Grupo de Gestão, Ecologia e Tecnologia Marinha (GTMar), Departamento de Engenharia de Pesca e Ciências Biológicas, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), R. Cel. Fernandes Martins, 270 Laguna, Santa Catarina, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Planejamento Territorial e Desenvolvimento Socioambiental (PPGPLAN)/FAED/UDESC, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Testa Pezzin
- Grupo de Materiais Poliméricos, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia de Processos (PPGEP - UNIVILLE), Brazil
| | - Victória Fonseca Silveira
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas - Biologia Marinha, Universidade da Região de Joinville (UNIVILLE), Rodovia Duque de Caxias, 6 365 São Francisco do Sul, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - David V Dantas
- Grupo de Gestão, Ecologia e Tecnologia Marinha (GTMar), Departamento de Engenharia de Pesca e Ciências Biológicas, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), R. Cel. Fernandes Martins, 270 Laguna, Santa Catarina, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Planejamento Territorial e Desenvolvimento Socioambiental (PPGPLAN)/FAED/UDESC, Brazil.
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Tirkey A, Upadhyay LSB. Microplastics: An overview on separation, identification and characterization of microplastics. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2021; 170:112604. [PMID: 34146857 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2021.112604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
At present plastic residues has become grave threat to the environment. Microplastics are plastic residues with a size <5 mm, due to their small size it is very difficult to remove them from water bodies, sediments and air with available techniques. Nanoplastics are different in size range as nanoplastics are smaller than 1 μm in size. This review is an attempt to gather an insight towards microplastic and its associated point of concerns. The review will highlight some of the methods appropriate for microplastics sampling and techniques for its identification in environmental samples. Some of the sampling methods include sieving, filtration, visual sorting, digestion, density separation. While, identification techniques in practice are SEM-EDS, FTIR, NIR, Raman, NMR spectroscopy, etc. Still there is a need and scope for development of more economical and portable techniques in this direction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita Tirkey
- National Institute of Technology Raipur, Department of Biotechnology, Raipur, Chhattisgarh 492010, India
| | - Lata Sheo Bachan Upadhyay
- National Institute of Technology Raipur, Department of Biotechnology, Raipur, Chhattisgarh 492010, India.
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Ferreira-Filipe DA, Paço A, Duarte AC, Rocha-Santos T, Patrício Silva AL. Are Biobased Plastics Green Alternatives?-A Critical Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18157729. [PMID: 34360022 PMCID: PMC8345407 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18157729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Environmental sustainability is driving an intense search for "green materials". Biobased plastics have emerged as a promising alternative. Their building blocks can now be obtained from diverse biomass, by-products, and organic residues due to the advances in biorefineries and bioprocessing technologies, decreasing the demand for fossil fuel resources and carbon footprint. Novel biobased polymers with high added value and improved properties and functionalities have been developed to apply diverse economic sectors. However, the real opportunities and risks of such novel biobased plastic solutions have raised scientific and public awareness. This paper provides a critical review on the recent advances in biobased polymers chemistry and emerging (bio)technologies that underpin their production and discusses the potential for biodegradation, recycling, environmental safety, and toxicity of these biobased solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ana Paço
- Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM) & Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (A.P.); (A.C.D.); (T.R.-S.)
| | - Armando C. Duarte
- Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM) & Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (A.P.); (A.C.D.); (T.R.-S.)
| | - Teresa Rocha-Santos
- Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM) & Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (A.P.); (A.C.D.); (T.R.-S.)
| | - Ana L. Patrício Silva
- Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM) & Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal;
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Mugilarasan M, Karthik R, Purvaja R, Robin RS, Subbareddy B, Hariharan G, Rohan S, Jinoj TPS, Anandavelu I, Pugalenthi P, Ramesh R. Spatiotemporal variations in anthropogenic marine litter pollution along the northeast beaches of India. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 280:116954. [PMID: 33773306 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.116954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2020] [Revised: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/13/2021] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Marine litter is widely distributed in marine environments and has been a severe concern worldwide, due to the disposal of waste from diverse sources. The severity of this threat has garnered increasing attention in India over the last decade, but the full consequences of this pollution are yet to be quantified. To estimate the spatiotemporal distribution, composition and beach quality of marine litter pollution, 17 beaches along the Hooghly estuary, a part of the Gangetic delta was studied. Marine litter was collected from 100 m long transects during two seasons (monsoon and post-monsoon). The OSPAR monitoring standard was applied to the 16,597 litter items collected, then grouped under 6 types and 44 categories. In terms of number, litter abundance was higher during monsoon (1.10 ± 0.39 items/m2) than that of post-monsoon (0.86 ± 0.32 items/m2). Most of the beaches were categorized as low cleanliness as computed by the general index and clean coast index and the good for the pellet pollution index. Hazardous litter constituted 6.5% of the total collected litter items. The model prediction revealed that the influence of high discharge from Hooghly, Rasulpur and Subarnarekha River carried enormous anthropogenic litter to the northeast beaches. The litter flux decreases with an increase in distance from the shore, and act as a sink to the sea-floor. The results denote that the distribution and typology of marine litter were representatives of household, tourism and fishing, which in turn highlights the need for better regional litter management measures. Suggested management practices include source reduction, mitigation, management of beach environment and change in littering behaviour through environmental education.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Mugilarasan
- National Centre for Sustainable Coastal Management, Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change, Chennai, 600 025, India
| | - R Karthik
- National Centre for Sustainable Coastal Management, Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change, Chennai, 600 025, India.
| | - R Purvaja
- National Centre for Sustainable Coastal Management, Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change, Chennai, 600 025, India
| | - R S Robin
- National Centre for Sustainable Coastal Management, Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change, Chennai, 600 025, India
| | - B Subbareddy
- National Centre for Sustainable Coastal Management, Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change, Chennai, 600 025, India
| | - G Hariharan
- National Centre for Sustainable Coastal Management, Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change, Chennai, 600 025, India
| | - S Rohan
- National Centre for Sustainable Coastal Management, Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change, Chennai, 600 025, India
| | - T P S Jinoj
- National Centre for Sustainable Coastal Management, Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change, Chennai, 600 025, India
| | - I Anandavelu
- National Centre for Sustainable Coastal Management, Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change, Chennai, 600 025, India
| | - P Pugalenthi
- National Centre for Sustainable Coastal Management, Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change, Chennai, 600 025, India
| | - R Ramesh
- National Centre for Sustainable Coastal Management, Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change, Chennai, 600 025, India.
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35
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The 2019 global pandemic and plastic pollution prevention measures: Playing catch-up. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021. [PMCID: PMC8529585 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.145806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
The early 2000's encompassed a rising awareness by the scientific community, the general public and policy makers of the impending environmental catastrophe caused by the increasing prevalence of plastics in the environment. Soon thereafter, a slew of regulatory initiatives and policies and actions targeting plastic pollution were put forth by governments, international institutions, non-governmental organizations, companies and even by citizen groups. However, the 2020 COVID19 pandemic has disrupted this momentum, and, presently, many fear that plastic pollution will increase, not only due to the increased consumption of single-use plastic items, but also due to the ever growing need of personal protective equipment. Many plastic pollution reduction policies have been suspended, cancelled or postponed. Herein, some of these delayed policies and initiatives are overviewed and, based on publicly available data, the questions as to whether, at a global level, increased government action to address plastic pollution will continue, or will the pandemic change this paradigm, are tentatively answered, as well as whether the pandemic will affect plastic production, in particular, single-use plastics, and what the potential routes to overcome these tendencies may be. As such, the dynamics of the interaction between the restrictive measures adopted in the wake of this pandemic and plastic pollution are examined, as are the roles of different legislative and regulatory bodies, whether at the local, regional or international levels.
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Macieira RM, Oliveira LAS, Cardozo-Ferreira GC, Pimentel CR, Andrades R, Gasparini JL, Sarti F, Chelazzi D, Cincinelli A, Gomes LC, Giarrizzo T. Microplastic and artificial cellulose microfibers ingestion by reef fishes in the Guarapari Islands, southwestern Atlantic. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2021; 167:112371. [PMID: 33962257 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2021.112371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Revised: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the ingestion of microplastics and artificial cellulose particles by 103 specimens belonging to 21 reef fish species from the southwestern Atlantic. Specimens of six species had ingested microplastics and artificial cellulose particles, while those of another three species had ingested only one type of material. In our samples, man-made cellulose fibers were more common than microplastics. The tomtate grunt, Haemulon aurolineatum, ingested more particles than any of the other species. Overall, transparent particles were predominant, and polyamide was the most common plastic material. Household sewage, fishery activity, and navigation appear to be the principal sources of the artificial particles ingested by the reef fishes. Our results provide an important database on oceanic contamination by microplastics and artificial cellulose particles. Understanding this impact on tropical reef fish will contribute to the development of strategies to mitigate pollution by anthropogenic debris in reef systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raphael M Macieira
- Laboratório de Ictiologia, Departamento de Oceanografia e Ecologia, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Goiabeiras, Vitória, Espírito Santo 29.075-910, Brazil.
| | - Leticia Aparecida Silva Oliveira
- Complexo Biopráticas, Universidade Vila Velha, Rua Comissário José Dantas de Melo 21, Boa Vista, Vila Velha, Espírito Santo 29.102-770, Brazil
| | - Gabriel C Cardozo-Ferreira
- Laboratório de Ictiologia, Departamento de Oceanografia e Ecologia, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Goiabeiras, Vitória, Espírito Santo 29.075-910, Brazil
| | - Caio Ribeiro Pimentel
- Laboratório de Ictiologia, Departamento de Oceanografia e Ecologia, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Goiabeiras, Vitória, Espírito Santo 29.075-910, Brazil
| | - Ryan Andrades
- Laboratório de Ictiologia, Departamento de Oceanografia e Ecologia, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Goiabeiras, Vitória, Espírito Santo 29.075-910, Brazil
| | - João Luiz Gasparini
- Instituto de Biodiversidade e Sustentabilidade (NUPEM), Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Macaé, Rio de Janeiro 27.910-970, Brazil
| | - Francesco Sarti
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia, 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - David Chelazzi
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia, 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - Alessandra Cincinelli
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia, 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - Levy Carvalho Gomes
- Complexo Biopráticas, Universidade Vila Velha, Rua Comissário José Dantas de Melo 21, Boa Vista, Vila Velha, Espírito Santo 29.102-770, Brazil
| | - Tommaso Giarrizzo
- Núcleo de Ecologia Aquática e Pesca da Amazônia (NEAP), Universidade Federal do Pará, Av. Perimetral 2651, Terra Firme, Belém, Pará 66.077-830, Brazil
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Póvoa AA, Skinner LF, de Araújo FV. Fouling organisms in marine litter (rafting on abiogenic substrates): A global review of literature. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2021; 166:112189. [PMID: 33662701 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2021.112189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Revised: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
One of the underestimated consequences of marine litter presence on marine environment is the transportation of fouling species on detritus - a process known as rafting. We undertook a review of articles concerning rafting published between 1970 and 2020 to identify patterns and potential areas of study that could contribute to directing future research. We observed in 53 publications an increase in rafting studies from the 1990s but fewer studies have been undertaken in the Southern Atlantic. The main fouling organisms were algae, barnacles, bryozoans, mollusks and polychaetes. The transport of those organisms over time and distances, and the volumes of material transported, have been very irregular, reflecting oceanic movements and detritus generating events acting at local, regional, or trans-oceanic scales. No standardized methodologies for collecting marine litter and identifying and quantifying their fouling were observed, but are suggested in this review, to allow more accurate future comparisons among different studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alain Alves Póvoa
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Marinha e Ambientes Costeiros, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Outeiro de São João Batista s/n - Centro, Niterói 24020-971, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Luís Felipe Skinner
- Departamento de Ciências, Faculdade de Formação de Professores da Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rua Francisco Portela 1470, Patronato, São Gonçalo 24435-005, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Fábio Vieira de Araújo
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Marinha e Ambientes Costeiros, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Outeiro de São João Batista s/n - Centro, Niterói 24020-971, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Departamento de Ciências, Faculdade de Formação de Professores da Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rua Francisco Portela 1470, Patronato, São Gonçalo 24435-005, RJ, Brazil.
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Cincinelli A, Scopetani C, Chelazzi D, Martellini T, Pogojeva M, Slobodnik J. Microplastics in the Black Sea sediments. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 760:143898. [PMID: 33341641 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.143898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Revised: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In this study the occurrence, morphology and identification of microplastics in Black Sea sediments collected at different depths (range 22-2131 m) were determined for the first time. The study explored the advantages and limitations of using a non-invasive method consisting of filtration of the supernatant from the mixture of sediment with saturated NaCl solution followed by FTIR 2D imaging for the identification of natural and synthetic polymers. The proposed method confirmed its potential for clear identification of polyethylene, polypropylene, acrylonitrile, polyamides and cellulose-based fibers, but more difficulties when the filter substrate neighboring the fibers exhibits intense absorptions in the 1800-1000 cm-1 range. Microplastics (MPs) were determined in 83% of the investigated sediment samples. The average abundance in all samples was 106.7 items/kg. The highest pollution occurred on the North-Western shelf where the abundance of MPs was 10 times higher than in sediments from the deep sea. The most abundant plastic polymers were polyethylene and polypropylene, followed by acrylate and acrylonitrile copolymers. Polyamide and cellulose-based textile fibers were also found. The most frequent microplastic colors observed were black, blue and clear/transparent, while fibers represented the dominant microplastics in sediments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Cincinelli
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy; Consorzio Interuniversitario per lo Sviluppo dei Sistemi a Grande Interfase (CSGI), 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy; National Interuniversity Consortium for Environmental Sciences (CINSA), Florence/Venice, Italy.
| | - Costanza Scopetani
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - David Chelazzi
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy; Consorzio Interuniversitario per lo Sviluppo dei Sistemi a Grande Interfase (CSGI), 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - Tania Martellini
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy; Consorzio Interuniversitario per lo Sviluppo dei Sistemi a Grande Interfase (CSGI), 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - Maria Pogojeva
- N.N.Zubov's State Oceanographic Institute, Roshydromet, 6, Kropotkinskii Lane, 119034 Moscow, Russia; Shirshov Institute of Oceanology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 36, Nahimovskiy prospekt., 117997, Moscow, Russia
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Grillo AC, Mello TJ. Marine debris in the Fernando de Noronha Archipelago, a remote oceanic marine protected area in tropical SW Atlantic. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2021; 164:112021. [PMID: 33515831 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2021.112021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Revised: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Marine debris is widespread worldwide, from coastal areas to remote protected oceanic islands. We assessed marine macro-debris on the shores of Fernando de Noronha, an archipelago 360 km off Brazil that encompasses no-take and multiple-use areas. The windward uninhabited coast, more exposed to oceanic currents and winds and inside a no-take area, presented higher abundance of plastic debris. The leeward coast, within the multiple-use urban area, presented more disposable plastics and cigarette butts. These patterns may be explained by the marine debris transportation by ocean currents to the windward side and by locally generated debris by the high quantity of beach users in the leeward coast. These results indicate that oceanographic characteristics and tourism infrastructure play important roles in the accumulation of marine debris in a protected archipelago. They also serve as a baseline for future monitoring initiatives and to improve strategies to tackle plastic pollution within this remote archipelago.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Carolina Grillo
- Parque Nacional Marinho de Fernando de Noronha, Instituto Chico Mendes de Conservação da Biodiversidade, Alameda do Boldró, s/n, Boldró, 53990-000 Fernando de Noronha, PE, Brazil.
| | - Thayná Jeremias Mello
- Parque Nacional Marinho de Fernando de Noronha, Instituto Chico Mendes de Conservação da Biodiversidade, Alameda do Boldró, s/n, Boldró, 53990-000 Fernando de Noronha, PE, Brazil; Marine Ecology Laboratory, Department of Oceanography and Limnology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Av. Via Costeira S/N, 59014-002 Natal, RN, Brazil.
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40
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Frossard A, Vieira LV, Carneiro MTWD, Gomes LC, Chippari-Gomes AR. Accumulation of trace metals in eggs and hatchlings of Chelonia mydas. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2020; 62:126654. [PMID: 33164783 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2020.126654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The objective of this study was to verify the accumulation of trace metals in eggs and hatchlings of Chelonia mydas, evaluating if metal accumulation is originated from maternal transfer and/or from the incubation environment. Other assessments were also performed, as metal distribution in different tissues (blood, kidney, liver, muscle, and turtle shells) of newly hatched turtles, and genotoxic analysis, to verify possible damages caused by the presence of metals. METHODS The assessments were carried out by quantifying Cd, Ni, Pb, Mn and Fe in egg sample collected during laying time (eggshells (ELT) and egg content (EC)), eggshells from newly hatched turtles (ENH), hatchlings tissues (H - blood, kidney, liver, muscle, and shell)) (n = 18 for each biological sample - 3 of each nest) and nest sediments (n = 6, one of each nest). Comparative analysis were made between ELT and ENH, as well as between egg content (EC) and the sum of tissue samples from hatchlings, using Mann-Whitney hypothesis test (p < 0,05). The amount of metals in different hatchling was quantified and followed by the Dunn post-test. A principal component analysis (PCA) was also employed. RESULTS Metals studied were found in all investigated samples. The concentration of a great amount of investigated metals was significantly higher (P=<0.001) in eggshells from ENH than in ELT. An increase in Cd (2.16-fold), Pb (3.47-fold), Fe (6.83-fold) and Mn (195.57-fold) concentration was noticed in ENH. We also observed an increase in Fe (1.59-fold), Mn (1.74-fold) and Ni (1.59-fold) concentration in hatchling, when compared with EC, due to transfer from nest sediments. In relation to the hatchling's tissues, blood was shown to accumulate higher concentrations of Ni and Pb, while shells accumulated more Cd and Fe, and Mn is more associated with liver and kidney. Fe was the highest accumulated metal in both tissues, and muscles presented discrete concentrations of Ni, Mn, and Pb. A mean concentration of 1.25‰ MN was obtained in C. mydas hatchlings, indicating that the accumulation of metals in hatchlings didn't cause toxicology effects. CONCLUSION Hatchlings accumulate metals through the maternal and sediment transfer, although the levels of metal accumulation were not enough to cause genotoxic damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Frossard
- Vila Velha University - UVV, Laboratory of Applied Ichthyology (LAB PEIXE), Comissário José Dantas de Melo, 21, Boa Vista, 29102-770, Vila Velha, ES, Brazil.
| | - Luiza Valli Vieira
- Federal University of Espírito Santo - UFES, Department of Chemistry, Fernando Ferrari, 514, Goiabeiras, 29075-910, Vitória, ES, Brazil
| | | | - Levy Carvalho Gomes
- Vila Velha University - UVV, Laboratory of Applied Ichthyology (LAB PEIXE), Comissário José Dantas de Melo, 21, Boa Vista, 29102-770, Vila Velha, ES, Brazil
| | - Adriana Regina Chippari-Gomes
- Vila Velha University - UVV, Laboratory of Applied Ichthyology (LAB PEIXE), Comissário José Dantas de Melo, 21, Boa Vista, 29102-770, Vila Velha, ES, Brazil
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Turner A, Filella M. The influence of additives on the fate of plastics in the marine environment, exemplified with barium sulphate. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2020; 158:111352. [PMID: 32568077 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2020.111352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Revised: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
With an inherent density marginally below that of seawater, polyolefins (polyethylene-polypropylene) are predicted to float or undergo beaching in the marine environment. Polyolefins commonly observed on the seabed, therefore, require additional considerations that are usually based around increasing density through fouling or packaging into sinking faecal matter. Here, however, we propose that the presence of additives is of least equal significance to the behaviour of such plastics in marine systems. We compared barium, present largely as the filler, BaSO4 (density = 4.5 g cm-3), in consumer and beached plastics and established that the metal was more abundant and occurred at higher concentrations in the former samples, consistent with the environmental fractionation of plastics based on additive content. Significantly, the Ba content of polyolefins required to confer a density above seawater is about 13,000 mg kg-1, a value that was exceeded in many consumer plastics but never observed in beached samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Turner
- School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, Plymouth University, Drake Circus, Plymouth PL4 8AA, UK
| | - Montserrat Filella
- Department F.-A. Forel, University of Geneva, Boulevard Carl-Vogt 66, CH-1205 Geneva, Switzerland.
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Scopetani C, Chelazzi D, Mikola J, Leiniö V, Heikkinen R, Cincinelli A, Pellinen J. Olive oil-based method for the extraction, quantification and identification of microplastics in soil and compost samples. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 733:139338. [PMID: 32446078 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.139338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Revised: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/08/2020] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) have become a pressing environmental concern over the past few years and their extraction from solid samples is a scientific challenge that needs to be faced and solved. Standardized and validated protocols for MPs extraction are lacking and the existing methodology, such as density separation, is often unable to separate high density polymers. The aim of our research was to develop a non-density based, inexpensive, simple and safe method to extract MPs from soil and compost samples. We tested an oil-based extracting technique exploiting the oleophilic properties of plastics. For validating the method, soil and compost samples were spiked with six different micro-polymers: polyethylene, polystyrene, polyvinyl chloride, polycarbonate, polyethylene terephthalate and polyurethane. The obtained results are promising, and the polymer density had only a small role in the recovery rate: low, medium and high density polymers reached a mean recovery rate of 90% ±2%, 97% ± 5% and 95% ± 4%, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Costanza Scopetani
- Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Ecosystems and Environment Research Programme, University of Helsinki, Niemenkatu 73, Lahti FI-15140, Finland.
| | - David Chelazzi
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, and Consorzio Interuniversitario per lo Sviluppo dei Sistemi a Grande Interfase (CSGI), 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - Juha Mikola
- Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Ecosystems and Environment Research Programme, University of Helsinki, Niemenkatu 73, Lahti FI-15140, Finland
| | - Ville Leiniö
- Muovipoli Oy, Niemenkatu 73, 15140 Lahti, Finland
| | - Reijo Heikkinen
- LAB University of Applied Science, Mukkulankatu 19, Lahti 15210, Finland
| | - Alessandra Cincinelli
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, and Consorzio Interuniversitario per lo Sviluppo dei Sistemi a Grande Interfase (CSGI), 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy; Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - Jukka Pellinen
- Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Ecosystems and Environment Research Programme, University of Helsinki, Niemenkatu 73, Lahti FI-15140, Finland
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Portz L, Manzolli RP, Herrera GV, Garcia LL, Villate DA, Ivar do Sul JA. Marine litter arrived: Distribution and potential sources on an unpopulated atoll in the Seaflower Biosphere Reserve, Caribbean Sea. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2020; 157:111323. [PMID: 32658688 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2020.111323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Revised: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The Albuquerque atoll was studied as a representative natural laboratory to explore the role of sea-based sources of marine litter. This work aimed to identify the small-scale spatial distribution of marine litter (i.e., plastic, glass, paper, and others) as well as to explore the connectivity among the atoll habitats (sand beach, water surface, and reef) to give insights of potential sources of marine litter (>5 cm), mainly plastics. Marine litter was dominated by plastic items, as expected, with an average value of 0.5 items/m2. Large microplastics (1-5 mm) were also sampled on beaches with an average value of 90 particles/m2. In the atoll inner lagoon, marine litter was also composed by plastic, mainly fragments (average 0.059 items/m3). The predominance of plastic fragments on both the sea surface and beaches of the atoll makes inferences on sources limited. However, o fishing activities and sea-based sources might be relevant since local sources are very limited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luana Portz
- Civil and Environmental Department, Universidad de la Costa, Colombia, Calle 58 # 55 - 66, Barranquilla, Colombia.
| | - Rogério Portantiolo Manzolli
- Civil and Environmental Department, Universidad de la Costa, Colombia, Calle 58 # 55 - 66, Barranquilla, Colombia.
| | - Guido Vasquez Herrera
- Centro de Investigaciones Oceanográficas e Hidrográficas - C I O H, Sector Manzanillo Escuela Naval de Cadetes "Almirante Padilla", Cartagena, Colombia.
| | | | - Diego A Villate
- Coastal Environmental Marine Research Group, Escuela Naval de Suboficiales ARC Barranquilla, Barranquilla, Colombia
| | - Juliana A Ivar do Sul
- Leibniz Institute for Baltic Sea Research, Seestrasse 15, Warnemünde, 18119 Rostock, Germany.
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Buckingham J, Capper A, Bell M. The missing sink - quantification, categorisation and sourcing of beached macro-debris in the Scottish Orkney Islands. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2020; 157:111364. [PMID: 32658709 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2020.111364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2019] [Revised: 06/06/2020] [Accepted: 06/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Around the coastline of the UK, macro-debris has been observed in average densities of over 700 items per metre. Systematic beach-cleans were conducted at 35 sites around the Scottish Orkney Islands, in order to quantify and categorise the level of marine debris found there. Litter was collected from 100 m transects and categorised by its material, broad source (terrestrial or marine) and potential sector source. Variation between sites, and the relative contribution of pre-determined environmental variables in influencing said variation, were analysed using the "capscale" function for a canonical analysis of principle coordinates (CAP). 513 items/m were observed, (77% plastic), with "String/cord (<1cm diameter)" being the most abundant and widely distributed litter type. 47% of macro-debris was attributed to the fishing sector and < 10% to leisure, living and tourism-associated activities. Conversely, the unique regional hydrodynamics must be examined further, before the source of any given item can be categorically assigned.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Buckingham
- Heriot- Watt University, International Centre for Island Technology, Stromness, Orkney KW16 3AW, Scotland, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.
| | - A Capper
- Heriot- Watt University, International Centre for Island Technology, Stromness, Orkney KW16 3AW, Scotland, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland; Central Queensland University, Coastal Marine Ecosystems Research Centre, Gladstone, QLD 4680, Australia
| | - M Bell
- Heriot- Watt University, International Centre for Island Technology, Stromness, Orkney KW16 3AW, Scotland, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
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Brentano R, de Brum AC, Montone RC, Petry MV. Incidence of anthropogenic material in Sula leucogaster nests in a distant archipelago of Brazil. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2020; 151:110815. [PMID: 32056608 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2019.110815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Revised: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Anthropogenic debris has been affecting fauna in different ways. We investigate the frequency of anthropogenic material in nests of a brown booby (Sula leucogaster) colony in the Saint Peter and Saint Paul Archipelago (SPSPA), Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil in February 2015 and November 2016. The items were classified according to type (threadlike plastic, sheet plastics, hard fragments, foamed synthetics and miscellaneous) and color. In 2015, a total of 30 anthropogenic items were found in 20.4% of the nests. In nests containing debris, miscellaneous items were found in 73.6% of nests. White/clear was the most common color, 52.6% of nests containing debris had items of this color. In 2016, 45 anthropogenic items were observed in 13.3% of the nests. Threadlike plastic was found in 59.2% of nests. Blue/purple was the most common color (55.5%). Even far from the Brazilian coast, the S. leucogaster colony has been affected by marine pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata Brentano
- Laboratório de Ornitologia e Animais Marinhos, Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos - UNISINOS, Avenida Unisinos, 950, São Leopoldo 93.022-750, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Antônio Coimbra de Brum
- Laboratório de Ornitologia e Animais Marinhos, Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos - UNISINOS, Avenida Unisinos, 950, São Leopoldo 93.022-750, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Rosalinda Carmela Montone
- Instituto Oceanográfico, Laboratório de Química Orgânica Marinha, Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Maria Virginia Petry
- Laboratório de Ornitologia e Animais Marinhos, Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos - UNISINOS, Avenida Unisinos, 950, São Leopoldo 93.022-750, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
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Andrades R, Pegado T, Godoy BS, Reis-Filho JA, Nunes JLS, Grillo AC, Machado RC, Santos RG, Dalcin RH, Freitas MO, Kuhnen VV, Barbosa ND, Adelir-Alves J, Albuquerque T, Bentes B, Giarrizzo T. Anthropogenic litter on Brazilian beaches: Baseline, trends and recommendations for future approaches. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2020; 151:110842. [PMID: 32056630 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2019.110842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Revised: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Beaches are fundamental habitats that regulate the functioning of several coastal processes and key areas contributing to national and local budgets. In this study we provide the first large-scale systematic survey of anthropogenic litter on Brazilian beaches, covering a total of 35 degrees of latitude, recording the litter type, its use and size. Plastic comprised the most abundant litter type, followed by cigarette butts and paper. Small pieces (<5 cm) were dominant among litter size-classes and food-related use was associated to most litter recorded types. Generalized additive models showed that proximity to estuarine run-offs was the main driver to beach litter accumulation, reinforcing river drainages as the primary route of litter coastal pollution. Also, the Clean-Coast Index evidenced there was not a pattern of beach litter pollution among regions, which denotes that actions regarding marine pollution must be taken by all state governances of the country.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Andrades
- Núcleo de Ecologia Aquática e Pesca da Amazônia, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA, Brazil; Laboratório de Ictiologia, Departamento de Oceanografia, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitória, ES, Brazil.
| | - Tamyris Pegado
- Núcleo de Ecologia Aquática e Pesca da Amazônia, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA, Brazil
| | - Bruno S Godoy
- Instituto Amazônico de Agriculturas Familiares (INEAF), Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA, Brazil
| | - José Amorim Reis-Filho
- Núcleo de Ecologia Aquática e Pesca da Amazônia, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA, Brazil; ICHTUS soluções em meio ambiente, Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - Jorge L S Nunes
- Laboratório de Organismos Aquáticos, Departamento de Oceanografia e Limnologia, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, São Luís, MA, Brazil
| | - Ana Carolina Grillo
- CEPENE - Centro Nacional de Pesquisa e Conservação da Biodiversidade Marinha do Nordeste, Tamandaré, PE, Brazil
| | - Renan C Machado
- Laboratório de Crustáceos Decápodes, Instituto de Oceanografia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (FURG), Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
| | - Robson G Santos
- Laboratório de Biologia Marinha e Conservação, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Maceió, AL, Brazil
| | - Roger H Dalcin
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Zoologia, Setor de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | | | - Vanessa Villanova Kuhnen
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Aquicultura e Pesca, Instituto de Pesca, Aparecida/Santos, SP, Brazil
| | - Neuciane D Barbosa
- Grupo de pesquisa Atlantis, Colegiado de Engenharia de Pesca, Universidade do Estado do Amapá, Macapá, AP, Brazil
| | - Johnatas Adelir-Alves
- Laboratório de Ecologia de Peixes, Centro de Estudos do Mar, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Pontal do Paraná, PR, Brazil
| | - Tiago Albuquerque
- Laboratório de Ictiologia e Conservação, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Penedo, AL, Brazil
| | - Bianca Bentes
- Núcleo de Ecologia Aquática e Pesca da Amazônia, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA, Brazil
| | - Tommaso Giarrizzo
- Núcleo de Ecologia Aquática e Pesca da Amazônia, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA, Brazil
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Barreto R, Bornatowski H, Fiedler FN, Pontalti M, da Costa KJ, Nascimento C, Kotas JE. Macro-debris ingestion and entanglement by blue sharks (Prionace glauca Linnaeus, 1758) in the temperate South Atlantic Ocean. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2019; 145:214-218. [PMID: 31590778 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2019.05.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2018] [Revised: 05/05/2019] [Accepted: 05/12/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Barreto
- Centro de Pesquisa e Conservação da Biodiversidade Marinha do Sudeste e Sul (CEPSUL, ICMBio), Itajaí, Santa Catarina, Brazil.
| | - Hugo Bornatowski
- Centro de Estudos do Mar (CEM, UFPR), Pontal do Paraná, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Fernando N Fiedler
- Centro de Pesquisa e Conservação da Biodiversidade Marinha do Sudeste e Sul (CEPSUL, ICMBio), Itajaí, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Monica Pontalti
- Universidade do Vale do Itajaí, Campus Itajaí (UNIVALI), Itajaí, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Ketyllen J da Costa
- Centro de Pesquisa e Conservação da Biodiversidade Marinha do Sudeste e Sul (CEPSUL, ICMBio), Itajaí, Santa Catarina, Brazil; Universidade do Vale do Itajaí, Campus Itajaí (UNIVALI), Itajaí, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | | | - Jorge E Kotas
- Centro de Pesquisa e Conservação da Biodiversidade Marinha do Sudeste e Sul (CEPSUL, ICMBio), Itajaí, Santa Catarina, Brazil
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