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Navarro-Ledesma S, Hamed-Hamed D, González-Muñoz A, Pruimboom L. Physical Activity, Insulin Resistance and Cancer: A Systematic Review. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:656. [PMID: 38339407 PMCID: PMC10854631 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16030656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Insulin resistance (IR), a key aspect of type 2 diabetes and a defining characteristic of obesity and its associated conditions, emerges as a mechanistic pathway potentially implicated in cancer pathophysiology. This presents an appealing intervention target for cancer patients. The objective of this study is to conduct a systematic review, examining the scientific evidence regarding the impact of physical activity on modifying insulin resistance in individuals with cancer. METHODS The selection criteria were specific: only randomized controlled clinical trials published in the last 13 years and written in English or Spanish were included. The databases utilized for the search included PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane Library, EBSCO, and WEB OF SCIENCE. The protocol for this review was duly registered in the International Register of Systematic Reviews (CRD42023435002). The final search was conducted on 14 May 2023. RESULTS The outcomes were assessed using the tool proposed by the Cochrane Handbook to evaluate the risk of bias in the included studies. Among the 12 studies incorporated, 8 demonstrated a low risk of bias, two had an unclear risk of bias, and the remaining two showed a high risk of bias. The variety of exercise types used across all studies was extensive, making definitive conclusions challenging. Physical activity was linked to enhanced insulin sensitivity in seven studies, while five studies showed no significant changes in insulin resistance between the intervention and control groups. Importantly, none of the interventions employed in the included studies exhibited adverse effects on the study participants. CONCLUSIONS The role of exercise as a medicine against insulin resistance has been evidenced in many different studies, mostly related to obesity and cardiovascular diseases. Engaging in physical activity could be a healthy option to combat the effects of insulin resistance in cancer patients, although evidence is weak and limited, according to the results of our systemic review. We further found that literature is lacking at the level of optimal doses, timing, and type of exercise. More studies are needed with more defined PA programs in type and length.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santiago Navarro-Ledesma
- Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Granada, Campus of Melilla Querol Streel 5, 52004 Melilla, Spain
- University Chair in Clinical Psychoneuroimmunology, University of Granada and PNI Europe, 52004 Melilla, Spain;
| | - Dina Hamed-Hamed
- Clinical Medicine and Public Health PhD Program, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Granada, Av. de la I, 18071 Granada, Spain; (D.H.-H.); (A.G.-M.)
| | - Ana González-Muñoz
- Clinical Medicine and Public Health PhD Program, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Granada, Av. de la I, 18071 Granada, Spain; (D.H.-H.); (A.G.-M.)
- Clinic Ana González, Avenida Hernan Nuñez de Toledo 6, 29018 Malaga, Spain
| | - Leo Pruimboom
- University Chair in Clinical Psychoneuroimmunology, University of Granada and PNI Europe, 52004 Melilla, Spain;
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Rispo F, De Negri Atanasio G, Demori I, Costa G, Marchese E, Perera-Del-Rosario S, Serrano-Candelas E, Palomino-Schätzlein M, Perata E, Robino F, Ferrari PF, Ferrando S, Letasiova S, Markus J, Zanotti-Russo M, Grasselli E. An extensive review on phenolic compounds and their potential estrogenic properties on skin physiology. Front Cell Dev Biol 2024; 11:1305835. [PMID: 38250328 PMCID: PMC10798251 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1305835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Polyphenolic compounds constitute a diverse group of natural components commonly occurring in various plant species, known for their potential to exert both beneficial and detrimental effects. Additionally, these polyphenols have also been implicated as endocrine-disrupting (ED) chemicals, raising concerns about their widespread use in the cosmetics industry. In this comprehensive review, we focus on the body of literature pertaining to the estrogenic properties of ED chemicals, with a particular emphasis on the interaction of isoflavones with estrogen receptors. Within this review, we aim to elucidate the multifaceted roles and effects of polyphenols on the skin, exploring their potential benefits as well as their capacity to act as ED agents. By delving into this intricate subject matter, we intend to provoke thoughtful consideration, effectively opening a Pandora's box of questions for the reader to ponder. Ultimately, we invite the reader to contemplate whether polyphenols should be regarded as friends or foes in the realm of skincare and endocrine disruption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Rispo
- Department of Earth, Environment and Life Science, University of Genoa, Genova, Italy
| | | | - Ilaria Demori
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Genoa, Genova, Italy
| | - Giosuè Costa
- Department of Health Sciences, University "Magna Graecia", Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Emanuela Marchese
- Department of Health Sciences, University "Magna Graecia", Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Simón Perera-Del-Rosario
- ProtoQSAR SL, Centro Europeo de Empresas Innovadoras (CEEI), Parque Tecnológico de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
- Departament de Medicina i Ciències de la Vida, Institut de Biologia Evolutiva (CSIC-UPF), Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eva Serrano-Candelas
- ProtoQSAR SL, Centro Europeo de Empresas Innovadoras (CEEI), Parque Tecnológico de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | | | | | | | - Pier Francesco Ferrari
- Department of Civil, Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Genoa, Genova, Italy
| | - Sara Ferrando
- Department of Earth, Environment and Life Science, University of Genoa, Genova, Italy
| | | | - Jan Markus
- MatTek In Vitro Life Science Laboratories, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | | | - Elena Grasselli
- Department of Earth, Environment and Life Science, University of Genoa, Genova, Italy
- Interuniversity Center for the Promotion of 3R Principles in Teaching and Research (Centro 3R), Pisa, Italy
- National Center for the Development of New Technologies in Agriculture (Agritech), Napoli, Italy
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3
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Andreo-López MC, Contreras-Bolívar V, García-Fontana B, García-Fontana C, Muñoz-Torres M. The Influence of the Mediterranean Dietary Pattern on Osteoporosis and Sarcopenia. Nutrients 2023; 15:3224. [PMID: 37513646 PMCID: PMC10385532 DOI: 10.3390/nu15143224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Diet is a modifiable factor in bone and muscle health. The Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) is rich in nutrients and contains key bioactive components with probable protective effects on muscle and bone deterioration. Osteoporosis (OP) and sarcopenia are diseases that increase frailty and susceptibility to fracture, morbidity and mortality. Therefore, it is necessary to combat them in the population. In this regard, MedDiet adherence has proven to be beneficial to bone mineral density (BMD), muscle mass, physical function, OP and sarcopenia. Hence, this diet is proposed as a therapeutic tool that could slow the onset of osteoporosis and sarcopenia. However, there is doubt about the interaction between the MedDiet, strength and fracture risk. Perhaps the amount of EVOO (extra virgin olive oil), fruits, vegetables and fish rich in anti-inflammatory and antioxidant nutrients ingested has an influence, though the results remain controversial.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Victoria Contreras-Bolívar
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, University Hospital Clínico San Cecilio, 18016 Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (Ibs. Granada), 18014 Granada, Spain
- CIBER on Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 18012 Granada, Spain
| | - Beatriz García-Fontana
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (Ibs. Granada), 18014 Granada, Spain
- CIBER on Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 18012 Granada, Spain
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Cristina García-Fontana
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, University Hospital Clínico San Cecilio, 18016 Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (Ibs. Granada), 18014 Granada, Spain
- CIBER on Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 18012 Granada, Spain
| | - Manuel Muñoz-Torres
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, University Hospital Clínico San Cecilio, 18016 Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (Ibs. Granada), 18014 Granada, Spain
- CIBER on Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 18012 Granada, Spain
- Department of Medicine, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
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4
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Micheli L, Bertini L, Bonato A, Villanova N, Caruso C, Caruso M, Bernini R, Tirone F. Role of Hydroxytyrosol and Oleuropein in the Prevention of Aging and Related Disorders: Focus on Neurodegeneration, Skeletal Muscle Dysfunction and Gut Microbiota. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15071767. [PMID: 37049607 PMCID: PMC10096778 DOI: 10.3390/nu15071767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging is a multi-faceted process caused by the accumulation of cellular damage over time, associated with a gradual reduction of physiological activities in cells and organs. This degeneration results in a reduced ability to adapt to homeostasis perturbations and an increased incidence of illnesses such as cognitive decline, neurodegenerative and cardiovascular diseases, cancer, diabetes, and skeletal muscle pathologies. Key features of aging include a chronic low-grade inflammation state and a decrease of the autophagic process. The Mediterranean diet has been associated with longevity and ability to counteract the onset of age-related disorders. Extra virgin olive oil, a fundamental component of this diet, contains bioactive polyphenolic compounds as hydroxytyrosol (HTyr) and oleuropein (OLE), known for their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective properties. This review is focused on brain, skeletal muscle, and gut microbiota, as these systems are known to interact at several levels. After the description of the chemistry and pharmacokinetics of HTyr and OLE, we summarize studies reporting their effects in in vivo and in vitro models of neurodegenerative diseases of the central/peripheral nervous system, adult neurogenesis and depression, senescence and lifespan, and age-related skeletal muscle disorders, as well as their impact on the composition of the gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Micheli
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, National Research Council (IBBC-CNR), Via E. Ramarini 32, Monterotondo, 00015 Rome, Italy
| | - Laura Bertini
- Department of Ecological and Biological Sciences (DEB), University of Tuscia, Largo dell’Università, 01100 Viterbo, Italy
| | - Agnese Bonato
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, National Research Council (IBBC-CNR), Via E. Ramarini 32, Monterotondo, 00015 Rome, Italy
| | - Noemi Villanova
- Department of Agriculture and Forest Sciences (DAFNE), University of Tuscia, Via San Camillo de Lellis, 01100 Viterbo, Italy
| | - Carla Caruso
- Department of Ecological and Biological Sciences (DEB), University of Tuscia, Largo dell’Università, 01100 Viterbo, Italy
| | - Maurizia Caruso
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, National Research Council (IBBC-CNR), Via E. Ramarini 32, Monterotondo, 00015 Rome, Italy
| | - Roberta Bernini
- Department of Agriculture and Forest Sciences (DAFNE), University of Tuscia, Via San Camillo de Lellis, 01100 Viterbo, Italy
| | - Felice Tirone
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, National Research Council (IBBC-CNR), Via E. Ramarini 32, Monterotondo, 00015 Rome, Italy
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Guo J, Huang X, Dou L, Yan M, Shen T, Tang W, Li J. Aging and aging-related diseases: from molecular mechanisms to interventions and treatments. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2022; 7:391. [PMID: 36522308 PMCID: PMC9755275 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-022-01251-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 199] [Impact Index Per Article: 99.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is a gradual and irreversible pathophysiological process. It presents with declines in tissue and cell functions and significant increases in the risks of various aging-related diseases, including neurodegenerative diseases, cardiovascular diseases, metabolic diseases, musculoskeletal diseases, and immune system diseases. Although the development of modern medicine has promoted human health and greatly extended life expectancy, with the aging of society, a variety of chronic diseases have gradually become the most important causes of disability and death in elderly individuals. Current research on aging focuses on elucidating how various endogenous and exogenous stresses (such as genomic instability, telomere dysfunction, epigenetic alterations, loss of proteostasis, compromise of autophagy, mitochondrial dysfunction, cellular senescence, stem cell exhaustion, altered intercellular communication, deregulated nutrient sensing) participate in the regulation of aging. Furthermore, thorough research on the pathogenesis of aging to identify interventions that promote health and longevity (such as caloric restriction, microbiota transplantation, and nutritional intervention) and clinical treatment methods for aging-related diseases (depletion of senescent cells, stem cell therapy, antioxidative and anti-inflammatory treatments, and hormone replacement therapy) could decrease the incidence and development of aging-related diseases and in turn promote healthy aging and longevity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Guo
- grid.506261.60000 0001 0706 7839The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing Hospital/National Center of Gerontology of National Health Commission, Beijing, 100730 China
| | - Xiuqing Huang
- grid.506261.60000 0001 0706 7839The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing Hospital/National Center of Gerontology of National Health Commission, Beijing, 100730 China
| | - Lin Dou
- grid.506261.60000 0001 0706 7839The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing Hospital/National Center of Gerontology of National Health Commission, Beijing, 100730 China
| | - Mingjing Yan
- grid.506261.60000 0001 0706 7839The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing Hospital/National Center of Gerontology of National Health Commission, Beijing, 100730 China
| | - Tao Shen
- grid.506261.60000 0001 0706 7839The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing Hospital/National Center of Gerontology of National Health Commission, Beijing, 100730 China
| | - Weiqing Tang
- grid.506261.60000 0001 0706 7839The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing Hospital/National Center of Gerontology of National Health Commission, Beijing, 100730 China
| | - Jian Li
- grid.506261.60000 0001 0706 7839The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing Hospital/National Center of Gerontology of National Health Commission, Beijing, 100730 China
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6
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Nees J, Kiermeier S, Struewe F, Keymling M, Maatouk I, Kratz CP, Schott S. Health Behavior and Cancer Prevention among Adults with Li-Fraumeni Syndrome and Relatives in Germany-A Cohort Description. Curr Oncol 2022; 29:7768-7778. [PMID: 36290891 PMCID: PMC9600238 DOI: 10.3390/curroncol29100614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Li-Fraumeni-syndrome (LFS) is a rare, highly penetrant cancer predisposition syndrome (CPS) caused by pathogenic variants (PVs) in TP53. Physical activity (PA) and a Mediterranean diet lead to cancer reduction or survival benefits and increased quality of life (QoL), but this is yet unstudied among LFS. TP53 PV carriers (PVC) and their relatives were questioned on dietary patterns (Mediterranean Diet Adherence Screener), PA (Freiburg Questionnaire), QoL (Short-form-Health-Survey-12), smoking, alcohol consumption and perception of cancer risk in a German bi-centric study from March 2020-June 2021. The study enrolled 70 PVC and 43 relatives. Women compared to men (6.49 vs. 5.38, p = 0.005) and PVC to relatives (6.59 vs. 5.51; p = 0.006) showed a healthier diet, associated with participation in surveillance (p = 0.04) and education (diet p = 0.02 smoking p = 0.0003). Women smoked less (2.91 vs. 5.91 packyears; p = 0.03), psychological well-being was higher among men (SF-12: males 48.06 vs. females 41.94; p = 0.004). PVC rated their own cancer risk statistically higher than relatives (72% vs. 38%, p < 0.001) however, cancer risk of the general population was rated lower (38% vs. 70%, p < 0.001). A relative's cancer-related death increased the estimated personal cancer risk (p = 0.01). The possibilities of reducing cancer through self-determined health behavior among PVC and relatives has not yet been exhausted. Educating families with a CPS on cancer-preventive behavior requires further investigation with regard to acceptance and real-life implementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliane Nees
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 440, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Senta Kiermeier
- Section of Psychosomatic Medicine, Psychotherapy and Psychooncology, Department of Internal Medicine II, Julius-Maximilian University Würzburg, Oberdürrbacher Straße 6, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Farina Struewe
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hanover, Germany
| | - Myriam Keymling
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Department of Radiology, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Imad Maatouk
- Section of Psychosomatic Medicine, Psychotherapy and Psychooncology, Department of Internal Medicine II, Julius-Maximilian University Würzburg, Oberdürrbacher Straße 6, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Christian P. Kratz
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hanover, Germany
| | - Sarah Schott
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 440, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-6221567906
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Nemiche S, Ait Hamadouche N, Nemmiche S, Fauconnier ML, Tou A. Ameliorative or corrective effects of Fig “Ficus carica” extract on nickel-induced hepatotoxicity in Wistar rats. Toxicol Res 2022; 38:311-321. [DOI: 10.1007/s43188-021-00118-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Revised: 11/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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8
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Ou Z, Pan J, Tang S, Duan D, Yu D, Nong H, Wang Z. Global Trends in the Incidence, Prevalence, and Years Lived With Disability of Parkinson's Disease in 204 Countries/Territories From 1990 to 2019. Front Public Health 2021; 9:776847. [PMID: 34950630 PMCID: PMC8688697 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.776847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 189] [Impact Index Per Article: 63.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Parkinson's disease (PD) is an increasing challenge to public health. Tracking the temporal trends of PD burden would inform health strategies. Methods: Data of PD burden was obtained from the Global Burden of Disease 2019. Trends in the incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability (YLDs) of PD were estimated using the annual percentage change (EAPC) and age-standardized rate (ASR) from 1990 to 2019. The EAPCs were calculated with ASR through a linear regression model. Results: The overall ASR of the incidence, prevalence, and YLDs of PD increased from 1990 to 2019, and their EAPCs were 0.61 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.58–0.65), 0.52 (95% CI: 0.43–0.61), and 0.53 (95% CI: 0.44–0.62). The largest number of PD patients was seen in the groups aged more than 65 years, and the percentage rapidly increased in the population aged more than 80 years. Upward trends in the ASR of PD were observed in most settings over the past 30 years. Incident trends of ASR increased pronouncedly in the United States of America and Norway, in which the respective EAPCs were 2.87 (95% CI: 2.35–3.38) and 2.14 (95% CI: 2.00–2.29). Additionally, the largest increasing trends for prevalence and YLDs were seen in Norway, with the respective EAPCs of 2.63 (95% CI: 2.43–2.83) and 2.61 (95% CI: 2.41–2.80). However, decreasing trends in PD appeared in about 30 countries, particularly Italy and the Republic of Moldova. Conclusions: Increasing trends in the burden of PD were observed globally, and in most regions and countries from 1990 to 2019. Our findings suggested that the control and management of PD should be strengthened, especially when considering the aging tendency of the population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zejin Ou
- Department of Central Laboratory, Guangzhou Twelfth People's Hospital, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Occupational Environment and Health, Guangzhou Twelfth People's Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing Pan
- Key Laboratory of Occupational Environment and Health, Guangzhou Twelfth People's Hospital, Guangzhou, China.,Guangzhou Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shihao Tang
- Guangzhou Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Danping Duan
- Guangzhou Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Danfeng Yu
- Department of Medical Intensive Care Unit (MICU), Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huiqi Nong
- Department of Central Laboratory, Guangzhou Twelfth People's Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Occupational Environment and Health, Guangzhou Twelfth People's Hospital, Guangzhou, China.,Guangzhou Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment Hospital, Guangzhou, China
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Addition of Olive Leaf Extract to a Mixture of Algae and Extra Virgin Olive Oils Decreases Fatty Acid Oxidation and Synergically Attenuates Age-Induced Hypertension, Sarcopenia and Insulin Resistance in Rats. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10071066. [PMID: 34356299 PMCID: PMC8301163 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10071066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Revised: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Olive-derived products, such as virgin olive oil (EVOO) and/or olive leaf extracts (OLE), exert anti-inflammatory, insulin-sensitizing and antihypertensive properties and may be useful for stabilizing omega 3 fatty acids (n-3 PUFA) due to their high content in antioxidant compounds. In this study, the addition of OLE 4:0.15 (w/w) to a mixture of algae oil (AO) rich in n-3 PUFA and EVOO (25:75, w/w) prevents peroxides formation after 12 months of storage at 30 °C. Furthermore, the treatment with the oil mixture (2.5 mL/Kg) and OLE (100 mg/Kg) to 24 month old Wistar rats for 21 days improved the lipid profile, increased the HOMA-IR and decreased the serum levels of miRNAs 21 and 146a. Treatment with this new nutraceutical also prevented age-induced insulin resistance in the liver, gastrocnemius and visceral adipose tissue by decreasing the mRNA levels of inflammatory and oxidative stress markers. Oil mixture + OLE also attenuated the age-induced alterations in vascular function and prevented muscle loss by decreasing the expression of sarcopenia-related markers. In conclusion, treatment with a new nutraceutical based on a mixture of EVOO, AO and OLE is a useful strategy for improving the stability of n-3 PUFA in the final product and to attenuate the cardiometabolic and muscular disorders associated with aging.
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Maccioni RB, Navarrete LP, González A, González-Canacer A, Guzmán-Martínez L, Cortés N. Inflammation: A Major Target for Compounds to Control Alzheimer's Disease. J Alzheimers Dis 2021; 76:1199-1213. [PMID: 32597798 DOI: 10.3233/jad-191014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Several hypotheses have been postulated to explain how Alzheimer's disease is triggered, but none of them provide a unified view of its pathogenesis. The dominant hypothesis based on build-ups of the amyloid-β peptide has been around for longer than three decades; however, up to today, numerous clinical trials based on the amyloid postulates have been attempted, but all of them have failed. Clearly, the revisited tau hypothesis provides a better explanation of the clinical observations of patients, but it needs to integrate the cumulative observations on the onset of this disease. In this context, the neuroimmuno modulation theory, based on the involvement of inflammatory events in the central nervous system, accounts for all these observations. In this review we intend to emphasize the idea that neuroinflammation is a main target for the search of new therapeutic strategies to control Alzheimer's disease. Beyond mono-targeting approaches using synthetic drugs that control only specific pathophysiological events, emerging therapeutics views based on multi targeting compounds appear to provide a new pathway for Alzheimer's disease treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo B Maccioni
- Laboratory of Neuroscience and Functional Medicine, International Center for Biomedicine, Vitacura, Santiago, Chile, and Faculty of Sciences, University of Chile, Ñuñoa, Santiago, Chile
| | - Leonardo P Navarrete
- Laboratory of Neuroscience and Functional Medicine, International Center for Biomedicine, Vitacura, Santiago, Chile, and Faculty of Sciences, University of Chile, Ñuñoa, Santiago, Chile
| | - Andrea González
- Laboratory of Neuroscience and Functional Medicine, International Center for Biomedicine, Vitacura, Santiago, Chile, and Faculty of Sciences, University of Chile, Ñuñoa, Santiago, Chile
| | - Alejandra González-Canacer
- Laboratory of Neuroscience and Functional Medicine, International Center for Biomedicine, Vitacura, Santiago, Chile, and Faculty of Sciences, University of Chile, Ñuñoa, Santiago, Chile
| | - Leonardo Guzmán-Martínez
- Laboratory of Neuroscience and Functional Medicine, International Center for Biomedicine, Vitacura, Santiago, Chile, and Faculty of Sciences, University of Chile, Ñuñoa, Santiago, Chile
| | - Nicole Cortés
- Laboratory of Neuroscience and Functional Medicine, International Center for Biomedicine, Vitacura, Santiago, Chile, and Faculty of Sciences, University of Chile, Ñuñoa, Santiago, Chile
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11
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Olive Leaf Extract Supplementation to Old Wistar Rats Attenuates Aging-Induced Sarcopenia and Increases Insulin Sensitivity in Adipose Tissue and Skeletal Muscle. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10050737. [PMID: 34067004 PMCID: PMC8151598 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10050737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging is associated with increased visceral adiposity and a decrease in the amount of brown adipose tissue and muscle mass, known as sarcopenia, which results in the development of metabolic alterations such as insulin resistance. In this study, we aimed to analyze whether 3-week supplementation with a phenolic-rich olive leaf extract (OLE) to 24 months-old male Wistar rats orally (100 mg/kg) attenuated the aging-induced alterations in body composition and insulin resistance. OLE treatment increased brown adipose tissue and attenuated the aging-induced decrease in protein content and gastrocnemius weight. Treatment with OLE prevented the aging-induced increase in the expression of PPAR-γ in visceral and brown adipose tissues, while it significantly increased the expression of PPAR-α in the gastrocnemius of old rats and reduced various markers related to sarcopenia such as myostatin, HDAC-4, myogenin and MyoD. OLE supplementation increased insulin sensitivity in explants of gastrocnemius and epididymal visceral adipose tissue from aged rats through a greater activation of the PI3K/Akt pathway, probably through the attenuation of inflammation in both tissues. In conclusion, supplementation with OLE prevents the loss of muscle mass associated with aging and exerts anti-inflammatory and insulin-sensitizing effects on adipose tissue and skeletal muscle.
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González-Hedström D, García-Villalón ÁL, Amor S, de la Fuente-Fernández M, Almodóvar P, Prodanov M, Priego T, Martín AI, Inarejos-García AM, Granado M. Olive leaf extract supplementation improves the vascular and metabolic alterations associated with aging in Wistar rats. Sci Rep 2021; 11:8188. [PMID: 33854149 PMCID: PMC8046982 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-87628-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Olive leaves are rich in bioactive substances which exert anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, insulin-sensitizing and antihypertensive effects. The aim of this study was to analyze the possible beneficial effects of an olive leaf extract (OLE) rich in secoiridoids and phenolic compounds on the aging-induced metabolic and vascular alterations. Three experimental groups of rats were used: 3-month-old rats, 24-month-old rats and 24-month-old rats supplemented 21 days with OLE (100 mg/kg). Administration of OLE to aged rats decreased the weight of adrenal glands and prevented the aging-induced loss of body weight and muscle mass. In the serum, OLE reduced the circulating levels of LDL-cholesterol and IL-6 and increased the concentrations of leptin and adiponectin. In the liver OLE attenuated the decreased gene expression of SOD-1, GSR, GCK and GSK-3β and reduced the aging-induced overexpression of NOX-4, Alox-5, iNOS and TNF-α. In aorta segments, OLE prevented endothelial dysfunction and vascular insulin resistance and improved vasoconstriction in response to KCl and NA. Improvement in vascular function was associated with the attenuation of the alterations in the gene expression of COX-2, IL-6, GPx, NOX-1 and IL-10. In conclusion, OLE exerts anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects in aged rats and attenuates the alterations in vascular function associated with aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel González-Hedström
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Pharmactive Biotech Products S.L. Parque Científico de Madrid, Avenida del Doctor Severo Ochoa, 37 Local 4J, Alcobendas, 28108, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Sara Amor
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Paula Almodóvar
- Pharmactive Biotech Products S.L. Parque Científico de Madrid, Avenida del Doctor Severo Ochoa, 37 Local 4J, Alcobendas, 28108, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marin Prodanov
- Departamento de Química Física Aplicada, Facultad de Ciencias, CIAL (CEI, CSIC-UAM), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Teresa Priego
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Isabel Martín
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonio Manuel Inarejos-García
- Pharmactive Biotech Products S.L. Parque Científico de Madrid, Avenida del Doctor Severo Ochoa, 37 Local 4J, Alcobendas, 28108, Madrid, Spain
| | - Miriam Granado
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
- Instituto de Salud Carlos III, CIBER Fisiopatología de La Obesidad Y Nutrición, Madrid, Spain.
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Alonso-Molero J, Prieto-Peña D, Mendoza G, Atienza-Mateo B, Corrales A, González-Gay MÁ, Llorca J. Misperception of the Cardiovascular Risk in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17165954. [PMID: 32824469 PMCID: PMC7459763 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17165954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The risk of cardiovascular (CV) disease and mortality is increased by rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However, data on how RA patients perceive their own CV risk and their adherence to CV prevention factors are scarce. We conducted an observational study on 266 patients with RA to determine whether the perceived CV risk correlates to the objective CV risk, and if it influences their compliance with a Mediterranean diet and physical exercise. The objective CV risk was calculated according to the modified European League Against Rheumatism (EULAR) Systematic Coronary Risk Evaluation (SCORE). The perceived CV risk did not correlate to the objective CV risk. The correlation was even lower when carotid ultrasound was used. Notably, 64.62% of patients miscalculated their CV risk, with 43.08% underestimating it. Classic CV risk factors, carotid ultrasound markers and ESR and CRP showed significant correlation with the objective CV risk. However, only hypertension and RA disease features showed association with the perceived CV risk. Neither the objective CV risk nor the perceived CV risk were associated with the accomplishment of a Mediterranean diet or physical activity. In conclusion, RA patients tend to underestimate their actual CV risk, giving more importance to RA features than to classic CV risk factors. They are not concerned enough about the beneficial effects of physical activity or diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jéssica Alonso-Molero
- Departamento de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Universidad de Cantabria—IDIVAL, ES-39008 Santander, Spain;
- CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Diana Prieto-Peña
- Epidemiology, Genetics and Atherosclerosis Research Group on Systemic Inflammatory Diseases, Rheumatology Division, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, IDIVAL, ES-39011 Santander, Spain; (D.P.-P.); (B.A.-M.); (A.C.)
| | - Guadalupe Mendoza
- Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Unidad de Investigación Biomédica 02, Universidad de Colima, 28040 Guadalajara, Mexico;
| | - Belén Atienza-Mateo
- Epidemiology, Genetics and Atherosclerosis Research Group on Systemic Inflammatory Diseases, Rheumatology Division, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, IDIVAL, ES-39011 Santander, Spain; (D.P.-P.); (B.A.-M.); (A.C.)
| | - Alfonso Corrales
- Epidemiology, Genetics and Atherosclerosis Research Group on Systemic Inflammatory Diseases, Rheumatology Division, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, IDIVAL, ES-39011 Santander, Spain; (D.P.-P.); (B.A.-M.); (A.C.)
| | - Miguel Á. González-Gay
- Departamento de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Universidad de Cantabria—IDIVAL, ES-39008 Santander, Spain;
- Epidemiology, Genetics and Atherosclerosis Research Group on Systemic Inflammatory Diseases, Rheumatology Division, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, IDIVAL, ES-39011 Santander, Spain; (D.P.-P.); (B.A.-M.); (A.C.)
- Cardiovascular Pathophysiology and Genomics Research Unit, School of Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2193, South Africa
- Facultad de Medicina, Avda., Cardenal Herrera Oria s/n., ES-39008 Santander, Spain
- Correspondence: (M.Á.G.-G.); (J.L.)
| | - Javier Llorca
- Departamento de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Universidad de Cantabria—IDIVAL, ES-39008 Santander, Spain;
- CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Facultad de Medicina, Avda., Cardenal Herrera Oria s/n., ES-39008 Santander, Spain
- Correspondence: (M.Á.G.-G.); (J.L.)
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Franconi F, Campesi I, Romani A. Is Extra Virgin Olive Oil an Ally for Women's and Men's Cardiovascular Health? Cardiovasc Ther 2020; 2020:6719301. [PMID: 32454893 PMCID: PMC7212338 DOI: 10.1155/2020/6719301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Noncommunicable diseases are long-lasting and slowly progressive and are the leading causes of death and disability. They include cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and diabetes mellitus (DM) that are rising worldwide, with CVD being the leading cause of death in developed countries. Thus, there is a need to find new preventive and therapeutic approaches. Polyphenols seem to have cardioprotective properties; among them, polyphenols and/or minor polar compounds of extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) are attracting special interest. In consideration of numerous sex differences present in CVD and DM, in this narrative review, we applied "gender glasses." Globally, it emerges that olive oil and its derivatives exert some anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects, modulate glucose metabolism, and ameliorate endothelial dysfunction. However, as in prescription drugs, also in this case there is an important gender bias because the majority of the preclinical studies are performed on male animals, and the sex of donors of cells is not often known; thus a sex/gender bias characterizes preclinical research. There are numerous clinical studies that seem to suggest the benefits of EVOO and its derivatives in CVD; however, these studies have numerous limitations, presenting also a considerable heterogeneity across the interventions. Among limitations, one of the most relevant in the era of personalized medicine, is the non-attention versus women that are few and, also when they are enrolled, sex analysis is lacking. Therefore, in our opinion, it is time to perform more long, extensive and lessheterogeneous trials enrolling both women and men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flavia Franconi
- Laboratorio Nazionale sulla Farmacologia e Medicina di Genere, Istituto Nazionale Biostrutture Biosistemi, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Ilaria Campesi
- Laboratorio Nazionale sulla Farmacologia e Medicina di Genere, Istituto Nazionale Biostrutture Biosistemi, 07100 Sassari, Italy
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Università Degli Studi di Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Annalisa Romani
- Laboratorio PHYTOLAB (Pharmaceutical, Cosmetic, Food Supplement Technology and Analysis), DiSIA Università Degli Studi di Firenze, 50019 Florence, Italy
- Laboratorio di Qualità Delle Merci e Affidabilità di Prodotto, Università Degli Studi di Firenze, 59100 Florence, Italy
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Rebollo-Ramos M, Velázquez-Díaz D, Corral-Pérez J, Barany-Ruiz A, Pérez-Bey A, Fernández-Ponce C, García-Cózar FJ, Ponce-González JG, Cuenca-García M. Capacidad aeróbica, dieta mediterránea y riesgo cardiometabólico en adultos. ENDOCRINOL DIAB NUTR 2020; 67:113-121. [DOI: 10.1016/j.endinu.2019.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2019] [Revised: 03/20/2019] [Accepted: 04/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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Soltani S, Jayedi A, Shab-Bidar S, Becerra-Tomás N, Salas-Salvadó J. Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet in Relation to All-Cause Mortality: A Systematic Review and Dose-Response Meta-Analysis of Prospective Cohort Studies. Adv Nutr 2019; 10:1029-1039. [PMID: 31111871 PMCID: PMC6855973 DOI: 10.1093/advances/nmz041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Revised: 07/11/2018] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
A previous meta-analysis provided convincing evidence for an inverse association between adherence to a Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) and the risk of all-cause mortality. Since then, 19 prospective studies have been published. We updated the evidence from these prospective studies and conducted a dose-response meta-analysis to test the linear and potential nonlinear dose-response associations between adherence to a MedDiet and the risk of all-cause mortality. The PubMed, Scopus, ISI Web of Knowledge, and Embase bibliographic databases were systematically searched up to August 24, 2018. Summary HRs were estimated with the use of a random-effects meta-analysis to assess the association between a 2-point increment in MedDiet adherence and the risk of all-cause mortality. Sensitivity and subgroup analyses were performed and potential publication bias was tested. Twenty-nine prospective studies with 1,676,901 participants and 221,603 cases of all-cause mortality were included in the final analysis. The pooled HR of all-cause mortality was 0.90 (95% CI: 0.89, 0.91; I2 = 81.1%) for a 2-point increment in adherence to a MedDiet. Subgroup analyses showed that a significant inverse association was stronger in participants who lived in the Mediterranean region compared with non-Mediterranean areas (HRs: 0.82 compared with 0.92, respectively), and in studies that used the Panagiotakos MedDiet score. A nonlinear dose-response meta-analysis indicated that the risk of all-cause mortality linearly decreased with the increase in adherence to a MedDiet. The robustness of findings was confirmed in the sensitivity analyses. In conclusion, low-quality evidence from prospective cohort studies suggests an inverse association between adherence to a MedDiet and the risk of all-cause mortality, especially in Mediterranean regions. An inverse linear dose-response relation was also observed between adherence to a MedDiet and the risk of all-cause mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sepideh Soltani
- Prevention of Metabolic Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ahmad Jayedi
- Food (Salt) Safety Research Center, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Sakineh Shab-Bidar
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran,Address correspondence to SS-B (e-mail: )
| | - Nerea Becerra-Tomás
- Human Nutrition Unit, University Hospital of Sant Joan de Reus, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Rovira i Virgili University, Reus, Spain,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jordi Salas-Salvadó
- Human Nutrition Unit, University Hospital of Sant Joan de Reus, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Rovira i Virgili University, Reus, Spain,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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Assessment of Tunisian virgin olive oils via synchronized analysis of sterols, phenolic acids, and fatty acids in combination with multivariate chemometrics. Eur Food Res Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s00217-019-03303-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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18
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de Pablos RM, Espinosa-Oliva AM, Hornedo-Ortega R, Cano M, Arguelles S. Hydroxytyrosol protects from aging process via AMPK and autophagy; a review of its effects on cancer, metabolic syndrome, osteoporosis, immune-mediated and neurodegenerative diseases. Pharmacol Res 2019; 143:58-72. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2019.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Revised: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Johnson R, Mitchell AE. Use of Amberlite Macroporous Resins To Reduce Bitterness in Whole Olives for Improved Processing Sustainability. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2019; 67:1546-1553. [PMID: 30636418 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b06014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Olives are inedible because of high levels of bitter phenolics (e.g., oleuropein) which are removed during commercial olive processing. Current commercial processing methods are highly water-intensive, produce toxic wastewater, and are environmentally unsustainable. To address this, macroreticular polymeric resins were used to assist debittering and decrease water use. Amberlite resins XAD4, XAD16N, XAD7HP, and FPX66 were evaluated for the ability to adsorb bitter and/or high-value phenolic compounds (i.e., oleuropein, ligstroside, oleuropein aglycone, ligstroside aglycone, oleocanthal, oleacein, and hydroxytyrosol) from whole olives during typical brine storage. All resins effectively adsorbed oleuropein and ligstroside. FPX66 reduced oleuropein in whole olives suspended in a 1.0% acetic acid brine to 0.635 mg/kg wet weight in 2.5 months with no further processing. This concentration is below levels measured in commercial California-style black ripe olives (0.975 mg/kg wet weight). Resins in storage brines effectively decrease levels of bitter phenolic compounds without additional lye processing. Excellent recoveries of high-value phenolic compounds are obtained from resins (e.g., 80.2 ± 3.3% to 89.4 ± 8.9% hydroxytyrosol).
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Johnson
- Department of Food Science and Technology , University of California, Davis , One Shields Avenue , Davis , California 95616 , United States
| | - Alyson E Mitchell
- Department of Food Science and Technology , University of California, Davis , One Shields Avenue , Davis , California 95616 , United States
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Chedraui P, Pérez-López FR. Metabolic syndrome during female midlife: what are the risks? Climacteric 2019; 22:127-132. [DOI: 10.1080/13697137.2018.1561666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- P. Chedraui
- Instituto de Investigación e Innovación en Salud Integral, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Católica de Santiago de Guayaquil, Guayaquil, Ecuador
| | - F. R. Pérez-López
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Zaragoza Faculty of Medicine and Lozano-Blesa University Hospital, Zaragoza, Spain
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Silva TRD, Martins CC, Ferreira LL, Spritzer PM. Mediterranean diet is associated with bone mineral density and muscle mass in postmenopausal women. Climacteric 2019; 22:162-168. [PMID: 30661407 DOI: 10.1080/13697137.2018.1529747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to investigate the association between the Mediterranean diet (MD), body composition, and bone mineral density (BMD) in postmenopausal women. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, 105 apparently healthy postmenopausal women aged between 45 and 65 years were included. BMD, percentage body fat, and appendicular lean mass index (ALMI, appendicular lean mass/height squared) were assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Dietary intake was assessed by a validated food frequency questionnaire. Assessment of MD adherence was based on intake of cereals, vegetables, fruits, meats, dairy products, fish, red wine, and olive oil, and expressed as the Mediterranean diet score (MDS). RESULTS Women with higher adherence to the MD had higher ALMI (6.6 ± 0.8 kg/m2 vs. 6.3 ± 0.7 kg/m2; p = 0.039) and lumbar spine BMD (1.076 ± 0.149 vs. 0.997 ± 0.143 g/cm2; p = 0.007) compared to those with lower MDS. Linear regression analysis adjusted for previous hormone therapy, previous smoking behavior, and habitual physical activity showed an independent positive contribution of MDS to lumbar spine BMD (mean difference 0.088 g/cm2, 95% confidence interval 0.028-0.147; p = 0.004) and ALMI (mean difference 0.296 kg/m2, 95% confidence interval 0.020-0.591; p = 0.049). CONCLUSION Bone mineral density at the lumbar spine and ALMI were positively associated with the MDS in a sample of postmenopausal women from a non-Mediterranean region.
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Affiliation(s)
- T R da Silva
- a Gynecological Endocrinology Unit, Division of Endocrinology , Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA) , Porto Alegre , Brazil.,b Post-graduate Program in Endocrinology and Metabolism , Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul , Porto Alegre , Brazil
| | - C C Martins
- a Gynecological Endocrinology Unit, Division of Endocrinology , Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA) , Porto Alegre , Brazil
| | - L L Ferreira
- a Gynecological Endocrinology Unit, Division of Endocrinology , Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA) , Porto Alegre , Brazil.,b Post-graduate Program in Endocrinology and Metabolism , Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul , Porto Alegre , Brazil
| | - P M Spritzer
- a Gynecological Endocrinology Unit, Division of Endocrinology , Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA) , Porto Alegre , Brazil.,b Post-graduate Program in Endocrinology and Metabolism , Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul , Porto Alegre , Brazil.,c Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology, Department of Physiology , Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS) , Porto Alegre , Brazil
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Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis are regarded as a diseases of accelerated lung ageing and show all of the hallmarks of ageing, including telomere shortening, cellular senescence, activation of PI3 kinase-mTOR signaling, impaired autophagy, mitochondrial dysfunction, stem cell exhaustion, epigenetic changes, abnormal microRNA profiles, immunosenescence and a low grade chronic inflammation due to senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). Many of these ageing mechanisms are driven by exogenous and endogenous oxidative stress. There is also a reduction in anti-ageing molecules, such as sirtuins and Klotho, which further accelerate the ageing process. Understanding these molecular mechanisms has identified several novel therapeutic targets and several drugs and dietary interventions are now in development to treat chronic lung disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter J Barnes
- Airway Disease Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, UK.
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Figueira OA, Figueira HA, Figueira JA, Garcia AA, Figueira AA, Neto GM, Dantas EHM. Depression in Climacteric Women: Most Meaningful Symptoms. Health (London) 2019. [DOI: 10.4236/health.2019.114034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Caprara G. Diet and longevity: The effects of traditional eating habits on human lifespan extension. MEDITERRANEAN JOURNAL OF NUTRITION AND METABOLISM 2018. [DOI: 10.3233/mnm-180225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Since the dawn of time human beings have been trying to improve the quality of the existence and extend their lifespan. Genetic, environmental, behavioral and dietary factors influence the pathways that regulate aging and life expectancy, thus rendering longevity a very complex phenomenon. Although a long-lived elixir has not yet been found, physicians and scientists agree that nutrition has a major impact on the overall mortality and morbidity, hence becoming the subject of a widespread scientific research. This review describes, analyzes and compares the effects of different types of diets in reducing the onset of typical Western countries non-communicable diseases (NCDs) (cardiovascular diseases, tumors, chronic respiratory diseases, diabetes, etc.), thus increasing the average lifespan. It will first depict the most relevant characteristics, nutraceutical properties and effects on the populations of the Mediterranean, Japanese, Vegetarian and New Nordic Diet. Finally, it will describe the impact of different dietary restrictions in modulating the genetic pathways that regulate metabolism and aging. Overall, this work reinforces the evidence that specific eating habits, in addition to healthy and active lifestyles, are crucial to increase people’s health span and to achieve an optimal longevity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Greta Caprara
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology (IEO), Via Adamello 16, 20139 Milan, Italy
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Abstract
Olives are one of the oldest food products in human civilization. Over the centuries, numerous methods have been developed to transform olives from a bitter drupe into an edible fruit. Methods of processing table olives rely on the acid, base, and/or enzymatic hydrolysis of bitter phenolic compounds naturally present in the fruit into nonbitter hydrolysis products. Today, there are three primary methods of commercial table olive processing: the Greek, Spanish, and Californian methods, in addition to several Artisanal methods. This review focuses on the technological, microbiological, chemical, and sensory aspects of table olive processing and the inherent benefits and drawbacks of each method. The table olive industry is facing challenges of environmental sustainability and increased consumer demand for healthier products. Herein, we examine current research on novel technologies that aim to address these issues.
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Resveratrol Functionalized Carboxymethyl-β-Cyclodextrin: Synthesis, Characterization, and Photostability. J CHEM-NY 2018. [DOI: 10.1155/2018/6789076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The resveratrol functionalized carboxymethyl-β-cyclodextrin conjugate was synthesized by two simple steps. The conjugate was successfully demonstrated by 1H NMR, 13C NMR, UV, and FTIR. The photostability of the conjugate was studied by ultraviolet absorption spectrum. After 360 min of UV light irradiation, the conjugate showed a total loss in absorbance of only 12.54%, while the resveratrol and its CM-β-CD inclusion complex showed a total loss in absorbance of 32.15% and 24.05%, respectively. The results indicate that the conjugate was more stable than resveratrol and its CM-β-CD inclusion complex.
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Hassan S, Aguirre E, Betz A, Robertson S, Sankhla D, Cooper C. Evaluating the effect of Brainfood groups for people with mild cognitive impairment and mild dementia: preliminary mixed-methodology study. BJPsych Open 2018; 4:208-214. [PMID: 29988927 PMCID: PMC6034463 DOI: 10.1192/bjo.2018.29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2017] [Revised: 01/17/2018] [Accepted: 05/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Brainfood is a 5-week group intervention for people with mild cognitive impairment and mild dementia, promoting cognitive health through a Mediterranean-style diet, exercise, mindfulness and health self-management. AIMS To evaluate Brainfood acceptability and the feasibility of conducting a randomised controlled trial; in a single group study in two National Health Service (NHS) memory services. METHOD Participants self-completed quantitative and semi-structured questionnaires. Recruitment, attendance and outcome completion were the primary outcomes. RESULTS In total, 30 of 59 people invited to Brainfood attended; of the 26 (87%) who completed baseline measures: 25 (96%) completed post-intervention quantitative measures, 16 (67%) qualitative questions and 21 (81%) attended ≥3/5 sessions. Compared with baseline, participants reported significantly higher quality of life, Mediterranean diet adherence and exercising more, up to 2 months after the groups. Participants valued the groups and felt enabled to improve their well-being. CONCLUSIONS Brainfood was acceptable and feasible to implement in an NHS setting. DECLARATION OF INTEREST A.B. and C.C. developed Brainfood - they hold a creative commons license for the manual and make it available to use for free to all. The manual evolves iteratively, but the manual used in this research study is provided in an online supplement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saba Hassan
- UCL Department of Old Age Psychiatry, Division of Psychiatry, University College London, UK
| | - Elisa Aguirre
- Research and Development Department, North East London Foundation Trust (NELFT), Goodmayes Hospital, UK
| | - Anna Betz
- Camden and Islington NHS Foundation Trust, Services for Ageing and Mental Health, Peckwater Centre, UK
| | - Sarah Robertson
- UCL Department of Old Age Psychiatry, Division of Psychiatry, University College London, UK
| | - Deepak Sankhla
- North East London Foundation Trust, Redbridge Memory Service & Neuropsychological Pathway, Community Care Advice Centre, UK
| | - Claudia Cooper
- UCL Department of Old Age Psychiatry, Division of Psychiatry, University College London and Camden and Islington NHS Foundation Trust, Services for Ageing and Mental Health, Peckwater Centre, UK
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Kazaz İ, Angin E, Kabaran S, İyigün G, Kirmizigil B, Malkoç M. Evaluation of the physical activity level, nutrition quality, and depression in patients with metabolic syndrome: Comparative study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2018; 97:e0485. [PMID: 29718839 PMCID: PMC6392583 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000010485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a complex problem that contains risk factors related with obesity, cardiovascular diseases, and type-II diabetes. The incidence of MetS is increasing every year throughout the world.The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare physical activity levels, nutrition quality, and depression status of the individuals who are diagnosed with and without MetS.International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), Mediterranean Diet Adherence Screener (MEDAS), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) was used. In addition, biochemical analysis and anthropometric measurements were also taken.According to IPAQ, 81.1% of the MetS group is inactive, 6.8% is active, and 5.1% is highly active, whereas 22.3% of the non-MetS group is inactive, 46.2% is active, and 31.5% is highly active. MEDAS was found to be lower in the MetS group. BDI levels were also determined high in the MetS group.Sedentary lifestyle, depression, and unhealthy nutrition habits are among the significant factors for the development of MetS. The knowledge levels of the people should be increased by developing national physical activity and nutrition guidelines.
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Affiliation(s)
- İsmet Kazaz
- Eastern Mediterranean University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation Department
| | - Ender Angin
- Eastern Mediterranean University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation Department
| | - Seray Kabaran
- Eastern Mediterranean University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Nutrition and Dietetics Department, Famagusta, North Cyprus via Mersin 10, Turkey
| | - Gözde İyigün
- Eastern Mediterranean University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation Department
| | - Berkiye Kirmizigil
- Eastern Mediterranean University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation Department
| | - Mehtap Malkoç
- Eastern Mediterranean University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation Department
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Johnson R, Melliou E, Zweigenbaum J, Mitchell AE. Quantitation of Oleuropein and Related Phenolics in Cured Spanish-Style Green, California-Style Black Ripe, and Greek-Style Natural Fermentation Olives. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2018; 66:2121-2128. [PMID: 29424233 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.7b06025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Oleuropein, ligstroside, and related hydrolysis products are key contributors to olive bitterness, and several of these phenolics are implicated in the prevention of lifestyle age-related diseases. While table olive processing methods are designed to reduce oleuropein, the impact of processing on ligstroside and related hydrolysis products (e.g., oleacein, oleocanthal, hydroxytyrosol glucoside, ligstroside aglycone, and oleuropein aglycone) is relatively unknown. Herein, levels of these compounds were measured in Spanish-style green (SP), Californian-style black ripe (CA), and Greek-style natural fermentation (GK) olives using rapid ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS). GK olives had the highest concentration of all compounds measured, with the exception of oleocanthal, which was highest in SP olives (0.081 mg kg-1 wet weight (w.wt)). CA olives had the lowest levels of most compounds measured, including ligstroside (0.115 mg kg-1 w.wt) and oleuropein (0.974 mg kg-1 w.wt). Hydroxytyrosol was the predominate compound in all three styles of commercial olives, with similar concentrations observed for GK and SP olives (134.329 and 133.685 mg kg-1 w.wt, respectively) and significantly lower concentrations observed for CA olives (19.981 mg kg-1 w.wt).
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Johnson
- Department of Food Science and Technology , University of California, Davis , One Shields Avenue , Davis , California 95616 , United States
| | - Eleni Melliou
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Natural Products Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy , University of Athens , Panepistimiopolis Zografou , GR-15771 Athens , Greece
| | - Jerry Zweigenbaum
- Agilent Technologies , 2850 Centerville Road , Wilmington , Delaware 19808 , United States
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Li M, Chen Y, Zhang P, Zhang L, Zhou R, Xu Y, Ding H, Wang Q, Wang Z. Semi-synthesis of Twelve Known 20Z/E Pseudo-Ginsenosides and Their Comparative Study of Antioxidative Activity in Free Radical Induced Hemolysis of Rabbit Erythrocytes. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2018. [PMID: 29515052 DOI: 10.1248/cpb.c17-00779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Twelve pseudo-ginsenosides were synthesized under a mild condition, via a simple three-step called acetylation, elimination-addition and saponification. The inhibitory effects of these twelve pseudo-ginsenosides were screened on the hemolysis of rabbit erythrocytes caused by 2,2'-azobis (2-amidinopropane hydrochloride) (AAPH). It was found that the IC50 values followed the sequence of (20Z) pseudo-protopanaxatriol (pseudo-PPT)<(20Z) pseudo-protopanaxadiol (pseudo-PPD)<(20Z) pseudo-Rh2<(20E) pseudo-PPT<(20E) pseudo-PPD<(20E) pseudo-Rh2<(20Z) pseudo-Rg2<(20E) pseudo-Rg2<Rb1<(20Z) pseudo-Rh1<Rg2<(20E) pseudo-Rh1. These compounds can be divided into three groups: accelerate the hemolysis group (7, 8), weak group (2, 11, 12) and strong group (others). Moreover, we also find that most of the Z configuration has better antioxidative activity than E configuration and the number and type of sugar moieties to the ring of triterpene dammarane influence the antioxidative activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manman Li
- Department of Chemistry, Jilin University
| | | | | | - Ling Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Jilin University
| | - Ri Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, Jilin University
| | - Yan Xu
- Department of Chemistry, Jilin University
| | | | - Qiujing Wang
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University
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31
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Dagla I, Benaki D, Baira E, Lemonakis N, Poudyal H, Brown L, Tsarbopoulos A, Skaltsounis AL, Mikros E, Gikas E. Alteration in the liver metabolome of rats with metabolic syndrome after treatment with Hydroxytyrosol. A Mass Spectrometry And Nuclear Magnetic Resonance - based metabolomics study. Talanta 2018; 178:246-257. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2017.09.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2017] [Revised: 09/04/2017] [Accepted: 09/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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Sicari M, Stevanato R, Ongaro I, Zuliani R, Ravagnan G, Lucchini V. Searching for an absolute kinetic scale of antioxidant activity against lipid peroxidation. Food Chem 2018; 239:964-974. [PMID: 28873659 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2017.06.139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2016] [Revised: 06/20/2017] [Accepted: 06/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The inhibition properties of a number of antioxidants against peroxidation, started by a 2,2'-azobis[2-(2-imidazolin-2-yl)propane] radical initiator, of linoleic acid in sodium dodecyl sulfate micelles, have been determined in terms of oxygen consumption by a Clark electrode in an oxygen-tight cell. For the 31 antioxidants investigated at variable concentrations, the experimental results well fit the kinetic equation for competitive reactions. The ratio between the initial rates, monitored in the absence and in the presence of antioxidants, depends linearly on their concentration. From the slopes of these straight lines, an absolute scale of inhibition properties of the lipid peroxidation can be devised. Furthermore, the little difference of the time of complete oxygen consumption on concentration of different antioxidants has been found, indicating a restricted difference towards chemical structure and stoichiometric ratio. Some considerations regarding the mechanisms of inhibition of the lipid peroxidation in micelles, in view of bibliographic data, have been made.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michela Sicari
- Department of Molecular Sciences and Nanosystems, University Ca' Foscari of Venice, Via Torino 155, 30170 Mestre Venice, Italy
| | - Roberto Stevanato
- Department of Molecular Sciences and Nanosystems, University Ca' Foscari of Venice, Via Torino 155, 30170 Mestre Venice, Italy.
| | - Italo Ongaro
- Department of Molecular Sciences and Nanosystems, University Ca' Foscari of Venice, Via Torino 155, 30170 Mestre Venice, Italy
| | - Roberto Zuliani
- Department of Molecular Sciences and Nanosystems, University Ca' Foscari of Venice, Via Torino 155, 30170 Mestre Venice, Italy
| | - Giampietro Ravagnan
- Department of Molecular Sciences and Nanosystems, University Ca' Foscari of Venice, Via Torino 155, 30170 Mestre Venice, Italy
| | - Vittorio Lucchini
- Department of Molecular Sciences and Nanosystems, University Ca' Foscari of Venice, Via Torino 155, 30170 Mestre Venice, Italy
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Davis CR, Bryan J, Hodgson JM, Woodman R, Murphy KJ. A Mediterranean Diet Reduces F 2-Isoprostanes and Triglycerides among Older Australian Men and Women after 6 Months. J Nutr 2017; 147:1348-1355. [PMID: 28566524 DOI: 10.3945/jn.117.248419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2017] [Revised: 03/06/2017] [Accepted: 05/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Health benefits of a Mediterranean dietary pattern have been shown. However, there are few data on the effects of increased adherence to a Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) in non-Mediterranean countries.Objective: We aimed to determine whether adherence to a MedDiet would result in changes in plasma lipids, glucose and insulin, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), and F2-isoprostanes (F2-IsoPs) in an Australian population.Methods: The study was a 6-mo parallel, randomized, controlled dietary intervention trial. We recruited 166 participants aged ≥65 y. Participants were stratified on body mass index, sex, and age and assigned to receive either a MedDiet or a habitual diet (HabDiet). The primary outcome was cognitive function, reported elsewhere. As secondary outcomes, assessment of fasting total, LDL, and HDL cholesterol; triglycerides (TGs); glucose; insulin; hs-CRP; and F2-IsoPs was completed at baseline and at 3 and 6 mo. The MedDiet group followed a prescribed diet containing 15-45 mL extra-virgin olive oil/d, abundant vegetables, fruit, nuts, legumes, and whole grains, as well as moderate fish, poultry, and dairy foods. Dietary intake was measured by 3-d weighed food records at baseline and at 2 and 4 mo. Results were analyzed by using linear mixed-effects models.Results: Compared with the HabDiet, the MedDiet resulted in lower TGs at 3 mo (mean difference: -0.15 mmol/L; 95% CI: -0.23, -0.07 mmol/L; P < 0.001) and 6 mo (mean difference: -0.09 mmol/L; 95% CI: -0.18, -0.01 mmol/L; P = 0.03) and lower F2-IsoPs at 3 mo (mean difference: -103.5 pmol/L; 95% CI: -154.2, -52.7 pmol/L; P < 0.001) and 6 mo (-65.4 pmol/L; 95% CI: -117.1, -13.7 pmol/L; P < 0.001). Lipoprotein, glucose and insulin, and hs-CRP concentrations were not significantly different between groups.Conclusion: A high adherence to a MedDiet for 6 mo resulted in a significant reduction in TGs and F2-IsoPs among older Australians. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as ACTRN12613000602729.
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Affiliation(s)
- Courtney Rose Davis
- Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition, and Activity, School of Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia;
| | - Janet Bryan
- School of Psychology, Social Work, and Social Policy, University of South Australia, Magill, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Jonathan M Hodgson
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia.,School of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia; and
| | - Richard Woodman
- Flinders Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Flinders University, Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, South Australia, Australia
| | - Karen J Murphy
- Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition, and Activity, School of Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
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Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is regarded as a disease of accelerated lung aging. This affliction shows all of the hallmarks of aging, including telomere shortening, cellular senescence, activation of PI3 kinase-mTOR signaling, impaired autophagy, mitochondrial dysfunction, stem cell exhaustion, epigenetic changes, abnormal microRNA profiles, immunosenescence, and a low-grade chronic inflammation (inflammaging). Many of these pathways are driven by chronic exogenous and endogenous oxidative stress. There is also a reduction in antiaging molecules, such as sirtuins and Klotho, which further accelerate the aging process. COPD is associated with several comorbidities (multimorbidity), such as cardiovascular and metabolic diseases, that share the same pathways of accelerated aging. Understanding these mechanisms has helped identify several novel therapeutic targets, and several drugs and dietary interventions are now in development to treat multimorbidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter J. Barnes
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London SW3 6LY, United Kingdom
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35
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Di Daniele N, Noce A, Vidiri MF, Moriconi E, Marrone G, Annicchiarico-Petruzzelli M, D’Urso G, Tesauro M, Rovella V, De Lorenzo A. Impact of Mediterranean diet on metabolic syndrome, cancer and longevity. Oncotarget 2017; 8:8947-8979. [PMID: 27894098 PMCID: PMC5352455 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.13553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 193] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2016] [Accepted: 11/07/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity symbolizes a major public health problem. Overweight and obesity are associated to the occurrence of the metabolic syndrome and to adipose tissue dysfunction. The adipose tissue is metabolically active and an endocrine organ, whose dysregulation causes a low-grade inflammatory state and ectopic fat depositions. The Mediterranean Diet represents a possible therapy for metabolic syndrome, preventing adiposopathy or "sick fat" formation.The Mediterranean Diet exerts protective effects in elderly subjects with and without baseline of chronic diseases. Recent studies have demonstrated a relationship between cancer and obesity. In the US, diet represents amount 30-35% of death causes related to cancer. Currently, the cancer is the second cause of death after cardiovascular diseases worldwide. Furthermore, populations living in the Mediterranean area have a decreased incidence of cancer compared with populations living in Northern Europe or the US, likely due to healthier dietary habits. The bioactive food components have a potential preventive action on cancer. The aims of this review are to evaluate the impact of Mediterranean Diet on onset, progression and regression of metabolic syndrome, cancer and on longevity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Di Daniele
- Department of Systems Medicine, Hypertension and Nephrology Unit, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Italy
| | - Annalisa Noce
- Department of Systems Medicine, Hypertension and Nephrology Unit, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Italy
| | - Maria Francesca Vidiri
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, Division of Clinical Nutrition and Nutrigenomic, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Italy
| | - Eleonora Moriconi
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, Division of Clinical Nutrition and Nutrigenomic, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Italy
| | - Giulia Marrone
- Department of Systems Medicine, Hypertension and Nephrology Unit, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Italy
| | | | - Gabriele D’Urso
- Department of Systems Medicine, Hypertension and Nephrology Unit, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Italy
| | - Manfredi Tesauro
- Department of Systems Medicine, Hypertension and Nephrology Unit, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Italy
| | - Valentina Rovella
- Department of Systems Medicine, Hypertension and Nephrology Unit, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Italy
| | - Antonino De Lorenzo
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, Division of Clinical Nutrition and Nutrigenomic, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Italy
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Boccardi V, Paolisso G, Mecocci P. Nutrition and lifestyle in healthy aging: the telomerase challenge. Aging (Albany NY) 2016; 8:12-5. [PMID: 26826704 PMCID: PMC4761710 DOI: 10.18632/aging.100886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Nutrition and lifestyle, known to modulate aging process and age-related diseases, might also affect telomerase activity. Short and dysfunctional telomeres rather than average telomere length are associated with longevity in animal models, and their rescue by telomerase maybe sufficient to restore cell and organismal viability. Improving telomerase activation in stem cells and potentially in other cells by diet and lifestyle interventions may represent an intriguing way to promote health-span in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virginia Boccardi
- Institute of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Paolisso
- Department of Medical, Surgical, Neurological, Aging and Metabolic Sciences, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Patrizia Mecocci
- Institute of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
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Moyad MA, Vogelzang NJ. Heart healthy equals prostate healthy and statins, aspirin, and/or metformin (S.A.M.) are the ideal recommendations for prostate cancer prevention. Asian J Androl 2016; 17:783-91. [PMID: 25657084 PMCID: PMC4577591 DOI: 10.4103/1008-682x.148070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) has been the number one cause of death in the U.S. for 114 of the last 115 years. Lifestyle factors that promote CVD also appear to increase prostate cancer risk and those that reduce CVD risk also appear to reduce the risk of prostate cancer. The largest randomized trials utilizing dietary supplements or pharmacologic agents for prostate cancer prevention (Selenium and Vitamin E Cancer Prevention Trial [SELECT]) have also shed light on the problems and future solutions in this area. Dietary supplements that have not been found to be CVD protective, such as selenium and Vitamin E have not been found to be prostate protective. In addition, over exposure to specific anti-oxidants in nutritionally replete populations may be encouraging cancer growth. Future trials of dietary supplements to prevent prostate cancer could be problematic because by the time a definitive trial is initiated the participants will no longer be “deficient” in the nutrient being tested, which arguably occurred in the SELECT trial. It is also interesting that statins, aspirin, and/or metformin (S.A.M.) are 3 generic, low-cost, heart healthy agents derived from natural sources with separate mechanism of actions, which all appear to have the best benefit to risk ratio compared to any other agent available for prostate cancer prevention, especially aggressive disease, or as an ancillary agent (s) to conventional cancer treatment. It is time to focus on the forest over the trees and recommend proven CVD protective measures for men concerned about their risk of prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark A Moyad
- Department of Urology, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
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Chen GD, Dong XW, Zhu YY, Tian HY, He J, Chen YM. Adherence to the Mediterranean diet is associated with a higher BMD in middle-aged and elderly Chinese. Sci Rep 2016; 6:25662. [PMID: 27157300 PMCID: PMC4860711 DOI: 10.1038/srep25662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2015] [Accepted: 04/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous studies showed that better adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MD) is associated with lower risk of chronic diseases, but limited data are available on bone health. We investigated the association of the MD with bone mineral density (BMD) in Chinese adults. We included 2371 participants aged 40–75 years in this community-based cross-sectional study. Dietary information was assessed at baseline and a 3-year follow-up. Alternate Mediterranean diet (aMed) scores were calculated. BMD was determined at the second survey. After adjusting for potential covariates, higher aMed scores were positively and dose-dependently associated with BMD (all P-trends < 0.05). The BMD values were 1.94% (whole body), 3.01% (lumbar spine), 2.80% (total hip), 2.81% (femur neck), 2.62% (trochanter), and 2.85% (intertrochanter) higher in the quintile 5 (highest, vs. quintile 1) aMed scores for all of the subjects (all P-values < 0.05). Similar associations were found after stratifying by gender (P-interaction = 0.338–0.968). After excluding the five non-significant components of vegetables, legumes, fish, monounsaturated to saturated fat ratio, and alcohol intake from the aMed scores, the percentage mean differences were substantially increased by 69.1–150% between the extreme quintiles. In conclusion, increased adherence to the MD shows protective associations with BMD in Chinese adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geng-Dong Chen
- Department of Medical Statistics &Epidemiology and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition, and Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Wei Dong
- Department of Medical Statistics &Epidemiology and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition, and Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ying-Ying Zhu
- Department of Medical Statistics &Epidemiology and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition, and Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hui-Yuan Tian
- Department of Medical Statistics &Epidemiology and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition, and Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Juan He
- Department of Medical Statistics &Epidemiology and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition, and Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu-Ming Chen
- Department of Medical Statistics &Epidemiology and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition, and Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Neuroprotective effect of Picholine virgin olive oil and its hydroxycinnamic acids component against β-amyloid-induced toxicity in SH-SY5Y neurotypic cells. Cytotechnology 2016; 68:2567-2578. [PMID: 27155966 DOI: 10.1007/s10616-016-9980-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2016] [Accepted: 04/28/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The health benefits of Mediterranean diet has long been reported and attributed to the consumption of virgin olive oil (VOO). Here, we evaluated the neuroprotective effect of VOO against Alzheimer's disease by determining its effect on β-amyloid (Aβ)-induced cytotoxicity and oxidative stress, and explored the possibility that its hydroxycinnamic acids (Hc acids) content contribute significantly to this effect. SH-SY5Y cells treated with or without Aβ and with VOO or Hc acids (mixture of p-coumaric acid, ferulic acid, vanillic acid, and caffeic acid) were subjected to MTT assay and the results showed that both samples alleviated Aβ-induced cytotoxicity. Furthermore, both VOO and Hc acids decreased the reactive oxygen species level. Using western blot to determine the effect of these samples on Aβ-induced activation of pERK1/2, p38, and JNK MAPKs, results revealed that both VOO and Hc acids inhibited the activation of pERK1/2 and p-p38 MAPK, but not JNK. Moreover, VOO upregulated the glycolytic enzymes genes hexokinase (HK1), and phosphofructokinase (PFKM) expression which means that VOO enhanced the energy metabolism of the neurotypic cells, and therefore suggests another mechanism by which VOO could provide protection against Aβ-induced cytotoxicity. The findings in this study suggest that VOO has a neuroprotective effect, attributable to its hydroxycinnamic acids component, against Aβ-induced cytotoxicity and oxidative stress through the inhibition of the activation of MAPKs ERK and p38 and by enhancing the energy metabolism of the neurotypic cells.
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Borghi C, Cicero AFG. Nutraceuticals with a clinically detectable blood pressure-lowering effect: a review of available randomized clinical trials and their meta-analyses. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2016; 83:163-171. [PMID: 26852373 DOI: 10.1111/bcp.12902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2015] [Revised: 02/02/2016] [Accepted: 02/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS The aim of the present study was to review and comment on the available evidence on nutraceuticals with a clinically demonstrable blood pressure (BP)-lowering effect. METHODS We reviewed studies published in the English language from 1990 to 2015 on dietary supplements or nutraceuticals claiming to show an effect on human BP. An initial list of possibly effective agents and studies was obtained from the online reference, the Natural Medicine Comprehensive Database. Using PubMed, we searched agents identified from this list using the MeSH terms 'hypertension', 'blood pressure', 'dietary supplement' and 'nutraceuticals', alone and in combination. We then focused our attention on meta-analyses and randomized clinical trials. RESULTS Beyond the well-known effects on BP of the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) and the Mediterranean diet, a large number of studies have investigated the possible BP-lowering effect of different dietary supplements and nutraceuticals, most of which are antioxidant agents with a high tolerability and safety profile. In particular, a relatively large body of evidence supports the use of potassium, magnesium, L-arginine, vitamin C, cocoa flavonoids, beetroot juice, coenzyme Q10, controlled-release melatonin and aged garlic extract. The antihypertensive effect of all these nutraceuticals seems to be dose related and the overall tolerability is good. CONCLUSION Some nutraceuticals might have a positive impact on BP in humans. Further clinical research is needed, to identify from the available active nutraceuticals those with the best cost-effectiveness and risk-benefit ratio for widespread and long-term use in the general population with a low-added cardiovascular risk related to uncomplicated hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudio Borghi
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Italy
| | - Arrigo F G Cicero
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Italy
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Neufcourt L, Assmann KE, Fezeu LK, Touvier M, Graffouillère L, Shivappa N, Hébert JR, Wirth MD, Hercberg S, Galan P, Julia C, Kesse-Guyot E. Prospective Association Between the Dietary Inflammatory Index and Cardiovascular Diseases in the SUpplémentation en VItamines et Minéraux AntioXydants (SU.VI.MAX) Cohort. J Am Heart Assoc 2016; 5:e002735. [PMID: 27068628 PMCID: PMC4943250 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.115.002735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the leading cause of death in the world, and diet plays a major role in CVD incidence, especially through lipid oxidation mechanisms. This, in turn, leads to tissue inflammation and formation of atheromatous plaques. METHODS AND RESULTS Our objective was to evaluate the association between the inflammatory potential of the diet and the incidence of overall CVD or its subclasses. We included 7743 participants from the Supplémentation en Vitamines et Minéraux AntioXydants (SU.VI.MAX) cohort. All cardiovascular events were recorded using self-reported information or clinical visits, and were validated. The dietary inflammatory index (DII) was computed using repeated 24-hour dietary records (mean=9.5±3.4 records/subject). Hazard ratio and 95% CI for outcomes (CVD and subclasses) were estimated across sex-specific quartiles of the DII using Cox proportional hazard models. A total of 292 cardiovascular events were recorded and validated during an average of 11.4 years of follow-up: 93 myocardial infarctions, 58 strokes, 128 angina pectoris and revascularization interventions, and 13 sudden deaths. When considering CVD subclasses, a diet with pro-inflammatory properties, as expressed by higher DII scores, was significantly associated with a higher risk of myocardial infarction (hazard ratioQuartile 4 versus Quartile 1=2.24, 95% CI: 1.08-4.67). No significant association was observed between the DII score and stroke or both angina pectoris and revascularization intervention. CONCLUSIONS A pro-inflammatory diet, as measured by a higher DII score, was prospectively associated with a higher risk of myocardial infarction. Promotion of a diet exhibiting anti-inflammatory properties may help prevent myocardial infarctions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lola Neufcourt
- Université Paris 13, Equipe de Recherche en Epidémiologie Nutritionnelle (EREN), Centre d'Epidémiologie et Statistiques Sorbonne Paris Cité, Inserm (U1153), Inra (U1125), Cnam, COMUE Sorbonne Paris Cité, Bobigny, France
| | - Karen E Assmann
- Université Paris 13, Equipe de Recherche en Epidémiologie Nutritionnelle (EREN), Centre d'Epidémiologie et Statistiques Sorbonne Paris Cité, Inserm (U1153), Inra (U1125), Cnam, COMUE Sorbonne Paris Cité, Bobigny, France
| | - Léopold K Fezeu
- Université Paris 13, Equipe de Recherche en Epidémiologie Nutritionnelle (EREN), Centre d'Epidémiologie et Statistiques Sorbonne Paris Cité, Inserm (U1153), Inra (U1125), Cnam, COMUE Sorbonne Paris Cité, Bobigny, France
| | - Mathilde Touvier
- Université Paris 13, Equipe de Recherche en Epidémiologie Nutritionnelle (EREN), Centre d'Epidémiologie et Statistiques Sorbonne Paris Cité, Inserm (U1153), Inra (U1125), Cnam, COMUE Sorbonne Paris Cité, Bobigny, France
| | - Laurie Graffouillère
- Université Paris 13, Equipe de Recherche en Epidémiologie Nutritionnelle (EREN), Centre d'Epidémiologie et Statistiques Sorbonne Paris Cité, Inserm (U1153), Inra (U1125), Cnam, COMUE Sorbonne Paris Cité, Bobigny, France
| | - Nitin Shivappa
- Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC Connecting Health Innovations LLC, Columbia, SC
| | - James R Hébert
- Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC Connecting Health Innovations LLC, Columbia, SC
| | - Michael D Wirth
- Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC Connecting Health Innovations LLC, Columbia, SC
| | - Serge Hercberg
- Université Paris 13, Equipe de Recherche en Epidémiologie Nutritionnelle (EREN), Centre d'Epidémiologie et Statistiques Sorbonne Paris Cité, Inserm (U1153), Inra (U1125), Cnam, COMUE Sorbonne Paris Cité, Bobigny, France Département de Santé Publique, Hôpital Avicenne (AP-HP), Bobigny, France
| | - Pilar Galan
- Université Paris 13, Equipe de Recherche en Epidémiologie Nutritionnelle (EREN), Centre d'Epidémiologie et Statistiques Sorbonne Paris Cité, Inserm (U1153), Inra (U1125), Cnam, COMUE Sorbonne Paris Cité, Bobigny, France
| | - Chantal Julia
- Université Paris 13, Equipe de Recherche en Epidémiologie Nutritionnelle (EREN), Centre d'Epidémiologie et Statistiques Sorbonne Paris Cité, Inserm (U1153), Inra (U1125), Cnam, COMUE Sorbonne Paris Cité, Bobigny, France Département de Santé Publique, Hôpital Avicenne (AP-HP), Bobigny, France
| | - Emmanuelle Kesse-Guyot
- Université Paris 13, Equipe de Recherche en Epidémiologie Nutritionnelle (EREN), Centre d'Epidémiologie et Statistiques Sorbonne Paris Cité, Inserm (U1153), Inra (U1125), Cnam, COMUE Sorbonne Paris Cité, Bobigny, France
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Red meat consumption and healthy ageing: A review. Maturitas 2016; 84:17-24. [DOI: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2015.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2015] [Accepted: 11/14/2015] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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Debib A, Dueñas M, Boumediene M, Mothana RA, Latifa A, Tir-Touil MA. Synergetic Hepatoprotective Effect of Phenolic Fractions Obtained from Ficus Carica
Dried Fruit and Extra Virgin Olive Oil on CCL4
-Induced Oxidative Stress and Hepatotoxicity in Rats. J Food Biochem 2016. [DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.12241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aicha Debib
- SNV Faculty, BPC Department; Blida 1 University; Blida 09022 Algeria
- Bioconversion, Microbiological Engineering and Health Security Laboratory, SNV Faculty; Mascara University; Mascara 29000 Algeria
| | - Montserrat Dueñas
- Grupo de Investigación en Polifenoles, Unidad de Nutrición y Bromatología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Salamanca, Campus Miguel de Unamuno; 37007 Salamanca Spain
| | - Meddah Boumediene
- Bioconversion, Microbiological Engineering and Health Security Laboratory, SNV Faculty; Mascara University; Mascara 29000 Algeria
| | - Ramzi Ahmad Mothana
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy; King Saud University; PO Box 2457 Riyadh 11451 Saudi Arabia
| | - Alioui Latifa
- Bioconversion, Microbiological Engineering and Health Security Laboratory, SNV Faculty; Mascara University; Mascara 29000 Algeria
| | - Meddah Aicha Tir-Touil
- Bioconversion, Microbiological Engineering and Health Security Laboratory, SNV Faculty; Mascara University; Mascara 29000 Algeria
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Heart Healthy = Prostate Healthy and S.A.M. are the Ideal “Natural” Recommendations for Prostate Cancer. Prostate Cancer 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-800077-9.00020-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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The synergistic effect between the Mediterranean diet and GSTP1 or NAT2 SNPs decreases breast cancer risk in Greek-Cypriot women. Eur J Nutr 2015; 56:545-555. [PMID: 26572891 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-015-1099-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2015] [Accepted: 11/04/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Xenobiotic metabolism is related to the interplay between diet and breast cancer (BC) risk. This involves detoxification enzymes, which are polymorphic and metabolise various dietary metabolites. An important characteristic of this pathway is that chemoprotective micronutrients can act not only as substrates but also as inducers for these enzymes. We investigated whether functional GSTP1 (p.Ile105Val-rs1695), NAT2 (590G>A-rs1799930) SNPs and GSTM1 and GSTT1 deletion polymorphisms could modulate the effect of the Mediterranean diet (MD) on BC risk, in Greek-Cypriot women. METHODS Genotyping was performed on women from the MASTOS case-control study of BC in Cyprus. A 32-item food-frequency questionnaire was used to obtain dietary intake information. A dietary pattern, which closely resembles the MD (high loadings of vegetables, fruit, legumes and fish), was previously derived with principal component analysis and was used as our dietary variable. RESULTS GSTT1 null genotype increased BC risk compared with the homozygous non-null GSTT1 genotype (OR 1.21, 95 % CI 1.01-1.45). Increasing adherence to the MD reduced BC risk in women with at least one GSTP1 Ile allele (OR for Ile/Ile = 0.84, 95 % CI 0.74-0.95, for Ile/Val = 0.73, 95 % CI 0.62-0.85) or one NAT2 590G allele (OR for 590 GG = 0.73, 95 % CI 0.63-0.83, for 590 GA = 0.81, 95 % CI 0.70-0.94). p interaction values were not, however, statistically significant. CONCLUSION The homozygous null GSTT1 genotype could be a risk allele for BC among Greek-Cypriot women. The anticarcinogenic effects of the high adherence to MD against BC risk could also be further enhanced when combined with the wild-type alleles of the detoxification GSTP1 or NAT2 SNPs.
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Johnson SC, Dong X, Vijg J, Suh Y. Genetic evidence for common pathways in human age-related diseases. Aging Cell 2015; 14:809-17. [PMID: 26077337 PMCID: PMC4568968 DOI: 10.1111/acel.12362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is the single largest risk factor for chronic disease. Studies in model organisms have identified conserved pathways that modulate aging rate and the onset and progression of multiple age-related diseases, suggesting that common pathways of aging may influence age-related diseases in humans as well. To determine whether there is genetic evidence supporting the notion of common pathways underlying age-related diseases, we analyzed the genes and pathways found to be associated with five major categories of age-related disease using a total of 410 genomewide association studies (GWAS). While only a small number of genes are shared among all five disease categories, those found in at least three of the five major age-related disease categories are highly enriched for apoliprotein metabolism genes. We found that a more substantial number of gene ontology (GO) terms are shared among the 5 age-related disease categories and shared GO terms include canonical aging pathways identified in model organisms, such as nutrient-sensing signaling, translation, proteostasis, stress responses, and genome maintenance. Taking advantage of the vast amount of genetic data from the GWAS, our findings provide the first direct evidence that conserved pathways of aging simultaneously influence multiple age-related diseases in humans as has been demonstrated in model organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon C. Johnson
- Department of Genetics Albert Einstein College of Medicine Bronx NY USA
| | - Xiao Dong
- Department of Genetics Albert Einstein College of Medicine Bronx NY USA
| | - Jan Vijg
- Department of Genetics Albert Einstein College of Medicine Bronx NY USA
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Albert Einstein College of Medicine Bronx NY USA
| | - Yousin Suh
- Department of Genetics Albert Einstein College of Medicine Bronx NY USA
- Department of Medicine Endocrinology Albert Einstein College of Medicine Bronx NY USA
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Zuliani G, Soavi C, Maggio M, De Vita F, Cherubini A, Volpato S. Counteracting inflammation and insulin resistance with diet and exercise: A strategy for frailty prevention? Eur Geriatr Med 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurger.2014.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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48
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The design and progress of a multidomain lifestyle intervention to improve brain health in middle-aged persons to reduce later Alzheimer's disease risk: The Gray Matters randomized trial. ALZHEIMERS & DEMENTIA-TRANSLATIONAL RESEARCH & CLINICAL INTERVENTIONS 2015; 1:53-62. [PMID: 29854925 PMCID: PMC5974975 DOI: 10.1016/j.trci.2015.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Most Alzheimer's disease (AD) prevention studies focus on older adults or persons with existing cognitive impairment. This study describes the design and progress of a novel pilot intervention, the Gray Matters study. Methods This proof-of-concept randomized controlled trial tests an evidence-based multidomain lifestyle intervention in 146 persons aged 40 to 64 years, in northern Utah. Data collectors were blinded to participants' randomization to treatment (n = 104) or control (n = 42). Intervention targeted physical activity, food choices, social engagement, cognitive simulation, sleep quality, and stress management, and uses a custom smartphone application, activity monitor, and educational materials. Secondary outcomes include biomarkers, body mass index, cognitive testing, and psychological surveys. Results Midway through the study, achievements include a 98.7% retention rate, a 96% rate of compliance with app data entry, and positive trends in behavioral change. Discussion Participants were empowered, learning that lifestyle might impact AD risk, exhibiting positive behavioral changes thus far.
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Cicero AFG, Colletti A. Nutraceuticals and Blood Pressure Control: Results from Clinical Trials and Meta-Analyses. High Blood Press Cardiovasc Prev 2015; 22:203-13. [PMID: 25788027 DOI: 10.1007/s40292-015-0081-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2014] [Accepted: 03/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Beyond the well-known effects on blood pressure (BP) of the dietary approaches to stop hypertension (DASH) and the Mediterranean diets, a large number of studies has investigated the possible BP lowering effect of different dietary supplements and nutraceuticals, the most part of them being antioxidant agents with a high tolerability and safety profile. In particular relatively large body of evidence support the use of potassium, L-arginine, vitamin C, cocoa flavonoids, beetroot juice, coenzyme Q10, controlled-release melatonin, and aged garlic extract. However there is a need for data about the long-term safety of a large part of the above discussed products. Moreover further clinical research is advisable to identify between the available active nutraceuticals those with the best cost-effectiveness and risk-benefit ratio for a large use in general population with low-added cardiovascular risk related to uncomplicated hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arrigo F G Cicero
- Medical and Surgical Sciences Department, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy,
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