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Wang Y, Chen J, Huang X, Wu B, Dai P, Zhang F, Li J, Wang L. Gene-knockout by iSTOP enables rapid reproductive disease modeling and phenotyping in germ cells of the founder generation. SCIENCE CHINA. LIFE SCIENCES 2024; 67:1035-1050. [PMID: 38332217 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-023-2408-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
Cytosine base editing achieves C•G-to-T•A substitutions and can convert four codons (CAA/CAG/CGA/TGG) into STOP-codons (induction of STOP-codons, iSTOP) to knock out genes with reduced mosaicism. iSTOP enables direct phenotyping in founders' somatic cells, but it remains unknown whether this works in founders' germ cells so as to rapidly reveal novel genes for fertility. Here, we initially establish that iSTOP in mouse zygotes enables functional characterization of known genes in founders' germ cells: Cfap43-iSTOP male founders manifest expected sperm features resembling human "multiple morphological abnormalities of the flagella" syndrome (i.e., MMAF-like features), while oocytes of Zp3-iSTOP female founders have no zona pellucida. We further illustrate iSTOP's utility for dissecting the functions of unknown genes with Ccdc183, observing MMAF-like features and male infertility in Ccdc183-iSTOP founders, phenotypes concordant with those of Ccdc183-KO offspring. We ultimately establish that CCDC183 is essential for sperm morphogenesis through regulating the assembly of outer dynein arms and participating in the intra-flagellar transport. Our study demonstrates iSTOP as an efficient tool for direct reproductive disease modeling and phenotyping in germ cells of the founder generation, and rapidly reveals the essentiality of Ccdc183 in fertility, thus providing a time-saving approach for validating genetic defects (like nonsense mutations) for human infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaling Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Metabolic Remodeling and Health, Institute of Metabolism and Integrative Biology, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Jingwen Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Metabolic Remodeling and Health, Institute of Metabolism and Integrative Biology, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
- Institute of Reproduction and Development, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200011, China
- NHC Key Lab of Reproduction Regulation (Shanghai Institute for Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Technologies), School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Xueying Huang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine, Clinical and Translational Research Center of Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Bangguo Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Metabolic Remodeling and Health, Institute of Metabolism and Integrative Biology, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
- Institute of Reproduction and Development, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200011, China
- NHC Key Lab of Reproduction Regulation (Shanghai Institute for Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Technologies), School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Peng Dai
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine, Clinical and Translational Research Center of Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Feng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Metabolic Remodeling and Health, Institute of Metabolism and Integrative Biology, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
- Institute of Reproduction and Development, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Jinsong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Lingbo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Metabolic Remodeling and Health, Institute of Metabolism and Integrative Biology, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China.
- Institute of Reproduction and Development, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200011, China.
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Wei X, Wang X, Yang C, Gao Y, Zhang Y, Xiao Y, Ju Z, Jiang Q, Wang J, Liu W, Li Y, Gao Y, Huang J. CFAP58 is involved in the sperm head shaping and flagellogenesis of cattle and mice. Development 2024; 151:dev202608. [PMID: 38602507 DOI: 10.1242/dev.202608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
CFAP58 is a testis-enriched gene that plays an important role in the sperm flagellogenesis of humans and mice. However, the effect of CFAP58 on bull semen quality and the underlying molecular mechanisms involved in spermatogenesis remain unknown. Here, we identified two single-nucleotide polymorphisms (rs110610797, A>G and rs133760846, G>T) and one indel (g.-1811_ g.-1810 ins147bp) in the promoter of CFAP58 that were significantly associated with semen quality of bulls, including sperm deformity rate and ejaculate volume. Moreover, by generating gene knockout mice, we found for the first time that the loss of Cfap58 not only causes severe defects in the sperm tail, but also affects the manchette structure, resulting in abnormal sperm head shaping. Cfap58 deficiency causes an increase in spermatozoa apoptosis. Further experiments confirmed that CFAP58 interacts with IFT88 and CCDC42. Moreover, it may be a transported cargo protein that plays a role in stabilizing other cargo proteins, such as CCDC42, in the intra-manchette transport/intra-flagellar transport pathway. Collectively, our findings reveal that CFAP58 is required for spermatogenesis and provide genetic markers for evaluating semen quality in cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaochao Wei
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics of MARA, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, P. R. China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Breeding, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, P. R. China
| | - Xiuge Wang
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics of MARA, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, P. R. China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Breeding, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, P. R. China
| | - Chunhong Yang
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics of MARA, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, P. R. China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Breeding, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, P. R. China
| | - Yaping Gao
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics of MARA, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, P. R. China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Breeding, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, P. R. China
| | - Yaran Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics of MARA, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, P. R. China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Breeding, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, P. R. China
| | - Yao Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics of MARA, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, P. R. China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Breeding, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, P. R. China
| | - Zhihua Ju
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics of MARA, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, P. R. China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Breeding, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, P. R. China
| | - Qiang Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics of MARA, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, P. R. China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Breeding, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, P. R. China
| | - Jinpeng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics of MARA, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, P. R. China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Breeding, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, P. R. China
| | - Wenhao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics of MARA, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, P. R. China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Breeding, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, P. R. China
| | - Yanqin Li
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics of MARA, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, P. R. China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Breeding, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, P. R. China
| | - Yundong Gao
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics of MARA, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, P. R. China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Breeding, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, P. R. China
- Technical Innovation Center of Dairy Cattle Breeding Industry of Shandong Province, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, P. R. China
| | - Jinming Huang
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics of MARA, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, P. R. China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Breeding, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, P. R. China
- Technical Innovation Center of Dairy Cattle Breeding Industry of Shandong Province, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, P. R. China
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Shi H, Li QY, Li H, Wang HY, Fan CX, Dong QY, Pan BC, Ji ZL, Li JY. ROS-induced oxidative stress is a major contributor to sperm cryoinjury. Hum Reprod 2024; 39:310-325. [PMID: 38011909 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/dead250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023] Open
Abstract
STUDY QUESTION What is the mechanism behind cryoinjury in human sperm, particularly concerning the interplay between reactive oxygen species (ROS) and autophagy, and how does it subsequently affect sperm fate? SUMMARY ANSWER The freeze-thaw operation induces oxidative stress by generating abundant ROS, which impairs sperm motility and activates autophagy, ultimately guiding the sperm toward programmed cell death such as apoptosis and necrosis, as well as triggering premature capacitation. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY Both ROS-induced oxidative stress and autophagy are thought to exert an influence on the quality of frozen-thawed sperm. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION Overall, 84 semen specimens were collected from young healthy fertile males, with careful quality evaluation. The specimens were split into three groups to investigate the ROS-induced cryoinjury: normal control without any treatment, sperm treated with 0.5 mM hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) for 1 h, and sperm thawed following cryopreservation. Samples from 48 individuals underwent computer-assisted human sperm analysis (CASA) to evaluate sperm quality in response to the treatments. Semen samples from three donors were analyzed for changes in the sperm proteome after H2O2 treatment, and another set of samples from three donors were analyzed for changes following the freeze-thaw process. The other 30 samples were used for fluorescence-staining and western blotting. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS Sperm motility parameters, including progressive motility (PR %) and total motility (PR + NP %), were evaluated using the CASA system on a minimum of 200 spermatozoa. The proteomic profiles were determined with label-free mass spectrometry (MS/MS) and protein identification was performed via ion search against the NCBI human database. Subsequently, comprehensive bioinformatics was applied to detect significant proteomic changes and functional enrichment. Fluorescence-staining and western blot analyses were also conducted to confirm the proteomic changes on selected key proteins. The ROS level was measured using 2',7'-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate labeling and the abundance of bioactive mitochondria was determined by evaluating the inner mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) level. Molecular behaviors of sequestosome-1 (p62 or SQSTM1) and microtubule-associated proteins 1A/1B light chain 3 (LC3) were monitored to evaluate the state of apoptosis in human sperm. Fluorescent probes oxazole yellow (YO-PRO-1) and propidium iodide (PI) were utilized to monitor programmed cell death, namely apoptosis and necrosis. Additionally, gradient concentrations of antioxidant coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) were introduced to suppress ROS impacts on sperm. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE The CASA analysis revealed a significant decrease in sperm motility for both the H2O2-treatment and freeze-thaw groups. Fluorescence staining showed that high ROS levels were produced in the treated sperm and the MMPs were largely reduced. The introduction of CoQ10 at concentrations of 20 and 30 μM resulted in a significant rescue of progressive motility (P < 0.05). The result suggested that excessive ROS could be the major cause of sperm motility impairment, likely by damaging mitochondrial energy generation. Autophagy was significantly activated in sperm when they were under oxidative stress, as evidenced by the upregulation of p62 and the increased conversion of LC3 as well as the upregulation of several autophagy-related proteins, such as charged multivesicular body protein 2a, mitochondrial import receptor subunit TOM22 homolog, and WD repeat domain phosphoinositide-interacting protein 2. Additionally, fluorescent staining indicated the occurrence of apoptosis and necrosis in both H2O2-treated sperm and post-thaw sperm. The cell death process can be suppressed when CoQ10 is introduced, which consolidates the view that ROS could be the major contributor to sperm cryoinjury. The freeze-thaw process could also initiate sperm premature capacitation, demonstrated by the prominent increase in tyrosine phosphorylated proteins, verified with anti-phosphotyrosine antibody and immunofluorescence assays. The upregulation of capacitation-related proteins, such as hyaluronidase 3 and Folate receptor alpha, supported this finding. LARGE SCALE DATA The data underlying this article are available in the article and its online supplementary material. LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION The semen samples were obtained exclusively from young, healthy, and fertile males with progressive motility exceeding 60%, which might overemphasize the positive effects while possibly neglecting the negative impacts of cryoinjury. Additionally, the H2O2 treatment conditions in this study may not precisely mimic the oxidative stress experienced by sperm after thawing from cryopreservation, potentially resulting in the omission of certain molecular alterations. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS This study provides substantial proteomic data for a comprehensive and deeper understanding of the impact of cryopreservation on sperm quality. It will facilitate the design of optimal protocols for utilizing cryopreserved sperm to improve applications, such as ART, and help resolve various adverse situations caused by chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and surgery. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S) This work was supported by grants from the Major Innovation Project of Research Institute of National Health Commission (#2022GJZD01-3) and the National Key R&D Program of China (#2018YFC1003600). All authors declare no competing interests. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER N/A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Shi
- College of Life Science, Yantai University, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Qian-Ying Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Hui Li
- College of Life Science, Yantai University, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Hai-Yan Wang
- College of Life Science, Yantai University, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Chuan-Xi Fan
- College of Life Science, Yantai University, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Qiao-Yan Dong
- College of Life Science, Yantai University, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Bo-Chen Pan
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Zhi-Liang Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Jian-Yuan Li
- Institute of Science and Technology, National Health Commission, Beijing, China
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Pan Y, Wang J, Gao X, Du C, Hou C, Tang D, Zhu J. Expression Dynamics Indicate Potential Roles of KIF17 for Nuclear Reshaping and Tail Formation during Spermiogenesis in Phascolosoma esculenta. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 25:128. [PMID: 38203305 PMCID: PMC10779256 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25010128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Kinesin family member17 (KIF17), a homologous dimer of the kinesin-2 protein family, has important microtubule-dependent and -independent roles in spermiogenesis. Little is known about KIF17 in the mollusk, Phascolosoma esculenta, a newly developed mariculture species in China. Here, we cloned the open reading frame of Pe-kif17 and its related gene, Pe-act, and performed bioinformatics analysis on both. Pe-KIF17 and Pe-ACT are structurally conserved, indicating that they may be functionally conserved. The expression pattern of kif17/act mRNA performed during spermiogenesis revealed their expression in diverse tissues, with the highest expression level in the coelomic fluid of P. esculenta. The expressions of Pe-kif17 and Pe-act mRNA were relatively high during the breeding season (July-September), suggesting that Pe-KIF17/ACT may be involved in spermatogenesis, particularly during spermiogenesis. Further analysis of Pe-kif17 mRNA via fluorescence in situ hybridization revealed the continuous expression of this mRNA during spermiogenesis, suggesting potential functions in this process. Immunofluorescence showed that Pe-KIF17 co-localized with α-tubulin and migrated from the perinuclear cytoplasm to one side of the spermatid, forming the sperm tail. Pe-KIF17 and Pe-ACT also colocalized. KIF17 may participate in spermiogenesis of P. esculenta, particularly in nuclear reshaping and tail formation by interacting with microtubule structures similar to the manchette. Moreover, Pe-KIF17 with Pe-ACT is also involved in nuclear reshaping and tail formation in the absence of microtubules. This study provides evidence for the role of KIF17 during spermiogenesis and provides theoretical data for studies of the reproductive biology of P. esculenta. These findings are important for spermatogenesis in mollusks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Pan
- Key Laboratory of Aquacultural Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China; (Y.P.); (J.W.); (X.G.); (C.D.); (C.H.)
- Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Zhejiang Province, College of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Jingqian Wang
- Key Laboratory of Aquacultural Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China; (Y.P.); (J.W.); (X.G.); (C.D.); (C.H.)
- Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Zhejiang Province, College of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Xinming Gao
- Key Laboratory of Aquacultural Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China; (Y.P.); (J.W.); (X.G.); (C.D.); (C.H.)
- Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Zhejiang Province, College of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Chen Du
- Key Laboratory of Aquacultural Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China; (Y.P.); (J.W.); (X.G.); (C.D.); (C.H.)
- Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Zhejiang Province, College of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Congcong Hou
- Key Laboratory of Aquacultural Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China; (Y.P.); (J.W.); (X.G.); (C.D.); (C.H.)
- Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Zhejiang Province, College of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Daojun Tang
- Key Laboratory of Aquacultural Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China; (Y.P.); (J.W.); (X.G.); (C.D.); (C.H.)
- Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Zhejiang Province, College of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Junquan Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Aquacultural Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China; (Y.P.); (J.W.); (X.G.); (C.D.); (C.H.)
- Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Zhejiang Province, College of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
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Shimada K, Ikawa M. CCDC183 is essential for cytoplasmic invagination around the flagellum during spermiogenesis and male fertility. Development 2023; 150:dev201724. [PMID: 37882665 PMCID: PMC10629680 DOI: 10.1242/dev.201724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
Sperm flagellum plays a crucial role in male fertility. Here, we generated Ccdc183 knockout mice using the CRISPR/Cas9 system to reveal the protein function of the testis-specific protein CCDC183 in spermiogenesis. We demonstrated that the absence of CCDC183 causes male infertility with morphological and motility defects in spermatozoa. Owing to the lack of CCDC183, centrioles after elongation of axonemal microtubules do not connect the cell surface and nucleus during spermiogenesis, which causes subsequent loss of cytoplasmic invagination around the flagellum. As a result, the flagellar compartment does not form properly and cytosol-exposed axonemal microtubules collapse during spermiogenesis. In addition, ectopic localization of accessory structures, such as the fibrous sheath and outer dense fibers, and abnormal head shape as a result of abnormal sculpting by the manchette are observed in Ccdc183 knockout spermatids. Our results indicate that CCDC183 plays an essential role in cytoplasmic invagination around the flagellum to form functional spermatozoa during spermiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keisuke Shimada
- Department of Experimental Genome Research, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka 5650871, Japan
| | - Masahito Ikawa
- Department of Experimental Genome Research, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka 5650871, Japan
- Regulation of Host Defense Team, Center for Infectious Disease Education and Research, Osaka University, Osaka 5650871, Japan
- Laboratory of Reproductive Systems Biology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
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Chan CC, Yen TH, Tseng HC, Mai B, Ho PK, Chou JL, Wu GJ, Huang YC. A Comprehensive Genetic Study of Microtubule-Associated Gene Clusters for Male Infertility in a Taiwanese Cohort. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15363. [PMID: 37895049 PMCID: PMC10607339 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242015363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 10/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Advanced reproductive technologies are utilized to identify the genetic mutations that lead to spermatogenic impairment, and allow informed genetic counseling to patients to prevent the transmission of genetic defects to offspring. The purpose of this study was to identify potential single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with male infertility. Genetic variants that may cause infertility are identified by combining the targeted next-generation sequencing (NGS) panel and whole exome sequencing (WES). The validation step of Sanger sequencing adds confidence to the identified variants. Our analysis revealed five distinct affected genes covering seven SNPs based on the targeted NGS panel and WES data: SPATA16 (rs16846616, 1515442, 1515441), CFTR (rs213950), KIF6 (rs2273063), STPG2 (r2903150), and DRC7 (rs3809611). Infertile men have a higher mutation rate than fertile men, especially those with azoospermia. These findings strongly support the hypothesis that the dysfunction of microtubule-related and spermatogenesis-specific genes contributes to idiopathic male infertility. The SPATA16, CFTR, KIF6, STPG2, and DRC7 mutations are associated with male infertility, specifically azoospermia, and a further examination of this genetic function is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chying-Chyuan Chan
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114201, Taiwan; (C.-C.C.)
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taipei City Hospital-Renai Branch, Taipei 103212, Taiwan
| | - Te-Hsin Yen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taipei City Hospital-Renai Branch, Taipei 103212, Taiwan
| | - Hao-Chen Tseng
- School of Pharmacy, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114201, Taiwan
| | - Brang Mai
- School of Pharmacy, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114201, Taiwan
| | - Pin-Kuan Ho
- School of Dentistry, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114201, Taiwan
| | - Jian-Liang Chou
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114201, Taiwan; (C.-C.C.)
- Department of Research and Development, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114201, Taiwan
| | - Gwo-Jang Wu
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114201, Taiwan; (C.-C.C.)
- Reproductive Medical Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei 114202, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chuan Huang
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114201, Taiwan; (C.-C.C.)
- School of Pharmacy, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114201, Taiwan
- Department of Research and Development, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114201, Taiwan
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7
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Chen J, Wang Y, Wu B, Shi H, Wang L. Experimental and molecular support for Cfap70 as a causative gene of 'multiple morphological abnormalities of the flagella' with male infertility†. Biol Reprod 2023; 109:450-460. [PMID: 37458246 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioad076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple morphological abnormalities of the flagella, a severe form of asthenozoospermia, can lead to male infertility. Recent studies have implicated an association between human CFAP70 deficiency and multiple morphological abnormalities of the flagella; however, the underlying biological mechanism and supporting experimental evidence in animal models remain unclear. To address this gap, we used CRISPR/Cas9 technology to generate Cfap70-deficient mice to investigate the relationship between Cfap70 deficiency and multiple morphological abnormalities of the flagella. Our findings show that the loss of CFAP70 leads to multiple morphological abnormalities of the flagella and spermiogenesis defects. Specifically, the lack of CFAP70 impairs sperm flagellum biogenesis and head shaping during spermiogenesis. Late-step spermatids from Cfap70-deficient mouse testis exhibited club-shaped sperm heads and abnormal disassembly of the manchette. Furthermore, we found that CFAP70 interacts with DNAI1 and DNAI2; Cfap70 deficiency also reduces the level of AKAP3 in sperm flagella, indicating that CFAP70 may participate in the flagellum assembly and transport of flagellar components. These findings provide compelling evidence implicating Cfap70 as a causative gene of multiple morphological abnormalities of the flagella and highlight the consequences of CFAP70 loss on flagellum biogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingwen Chen
- NHC Key Laboratory of Reproduction Regulation, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Reproductive Health Drug and Devices, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Institute for Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Technologies, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yaling Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Metabolic Remodeling and Health, Institute of Metabolism and Integrative Biology, Institute of Reproduction and Development, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bangguo Wu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Reproduction Regulation, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Reproductive Health Drug and Devices, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Institute for Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Technologies, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Metabolic Remodeling and Health, Institute of Metabolism and Integrative Biology, Institute of Reproduction and Development, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Huijuan Shi
- NHC Key Laboratory of Reproduction Regulation, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Reproductive Health Drug and Devices, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Institute for Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Technologies, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lingbo Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Metabolic Remodeling and Health, Institute of Metabolism and Integrative Biology, Institute of Reproduction and Development, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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8
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Yap YT, Li W, Huang Q, Zhou Q, Zhang D, Sheng Y, Mladenovic-Lucas L, Yee SP, Orwig KE, Granneman JG, Williams DC, Hess RA, Toure A, Zhang Z. DNALI1 interacts with the MEIG1/PACRG complex within the manchette and is required for proper sperm flagellum assembly in mice. eLife 2023; 12:e79620. [PMID: 37083624 PMCID: PMC10185345 DOI: 10.7554/elife.79620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The manchette is a transient and unique structure present in elongating spermatids and required for proper differentiation of the germ cells during spermatogenesis. Previous work indicated that the MEIG1/PACRG complex locates in the manchette and is involved in the transport of cargos, such as SPAG16L, to build the sperm flagellum. Here, using co-immunoprecipitation and pull-down approaches in various cell systems, we established that DNALI1, an axonemal component originally cloned from Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, recruits and stabilizes PACRG and we confirm in vivo, the co-localization of DNALI1 and PACRG in the manchette by immunofluorescence of elongating murine spermatids. We next generated mice with a specific deficiency of DNALI1 in male germ cells, and observed a dramatic reduction of the sperm cells, which results in male infertility. In addition, we observed that the majority of the sperm cells exhibited abnormal morphology including misshapen heads, bent tails, enlarged midpiece, discontinuous accessory structure, emphasizing the importance of DNALI1 in sperm differentiation. Examination of testis histology confirmed impaired spermiogenesis in the mutant mice. Importantly, while testicular levels of MEIG1, PACRG, and SPAG16L proteins were unchanged in the Dnali1 mutant mice, their localization within the manchette was greatly affected, indicating that DNALI1 is required for the formation of the MEIG1/PACRG complex within the manchette. Interestingly, in contrast to MEIG1 and PACRG-deficient mice, the DNALI1-deficient mice also showed impaired sperm spermiation/individualization, suggesting additional functions beyond its involvement in the manchette structure. Overall, our work identifies DNALI1 as a protein required for sperm development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Tian Yap
- Department of Physiology, Wayne State University School of MedicineDetroitUnited States
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Physiology, Wayne State University School of MedicineDetroitUnited States
| | - Qian Huang
- Department of Physiology, Wayne State University School of MedicineDetroitUnited States
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Wuhan University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Qi Zhou
- Department of Physiology, Wayne State University School of MedicineDetroitUnited States
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Wuhan University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - David Zhang
- College of William and MaryWilliamsburgUnited States
| | - Yi Sheng
- Molecular Genetics and Developmental Biology Graduate Program, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Magee-Womens Research Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of MedicinePittsburghUnited States
| | - Ljljiana Mladenovic-Lucas
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Wayne State University School of MedicineDetroitUnited States
| | - Siu-Pok Yee
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Connecticut Health CenterFarmingtonUnited States
| | - Kyle E Orwig
- Molecular Genetics and Developmental Biology Graduate Program, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Magee-Womens Research Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of MedicinePittsburghUnited States
| | - James G Granneman
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Wayne State University School of MedicineDetroitUnited States
| | - David C Williams
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North CarolinaChapel HillUnited States
| | - Rex A Hess
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of IllinoisUrbanaUnited States
| | - Aminata Toure
- University Grenoble Alpes, Inserm U 1209, CNRS UMR 5309, Team Physiology and Pathophysiology of Sperm cells, Institute for Advanced BiosciencesGrenobleFrance
| | - Zhibing Zhang
- Department of Physiology, Wayne State University School of MedicineDetroitUnited States
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Wayne State UniversityDetroitUnited States
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9
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Meng Z, Meng Q, Gao T, Zhou H, Xue J, Li H, Wu Y, Lv J. Identification of bi-allelic KIF9 loss-of-function variants contributing to asthenospermia and male infertility in two Chinese families. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 13:1091107. [PMID: 36686457 PMCID: PMC9846173 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.1091107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Asthenozoospermia (AZS) is a leading cause of male infertility, affecting an estimated 18% of infertile patients. Kinesin proteins function as molecular motors capable of moving along microtubules. The highly conserved kinesin family member 9 (KIF9) localizes to the central microtubule pair in the flagella of Chlamydomonas cells. The loss of KIF9 expression in mice has been linked to AZS phenotypes. Methods Variant screening was performed by whole exome sequencing from 92 Chinese infertile patients with AZS. Western blot was used to was used for analyzing of candidate proteins expression. Patients' sperm samples were stained with immunofluorescent to visualise proteins localization and were visualised by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) to determine axoneme structures. Co-immunoprecipitation assay was used to verify the binding proteins of KIF9. In vitro fertilization (IVF) was used to evaluate the efficiency of clinical treatment. Results Bi-allelic KIF9 loss-of-function variants were identified in two unrelated Chinese males exhibiting atypical sperm motility phenotypes. Both of these men exhibited typical AZS and suffered from infertility together with the complete absence of KIF9 expression. In contrast to these KIF9-deficient patients, positive KIF9 staining was evident throughout the flagella of sperm from normal control individuals. KIF9 was able to interact with the microtubule central pair (CP) component hydrocephalus-inducing protein homolog (HYDIN) in human samples. And KIF9 was undetectable in spermatozoa harboring CP deletions. The morphologicy of KIF9-deficient spermatozoa appeared normal under gross examination and TEM. Like in mice, in vitro fertilization was sufficient to overcome the fertility issues for these two patients. Discussion These findings indicate that KIF9 associates with the central microtubules in human sperm and that it functions to specifically regulate flagellar swinging. Overall, these results offer greater insight into the biological functions of KIF9 in the assembly of the human flagella and its role in male fertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhixiang Meng
- Center for Reproduction, Suzhou Dushu Lake Hospital (Dushu Lake Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University), Suzhou, China
| | - Qingxia Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Center for Reproduction and Genetics, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, China
| | - Tingting Gao
- Changzhou Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Changzhou Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, China
| | - Hui Zhou
- Human Reproductive and Genetic Center, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Jiajia Xue
- Center for Reproduction, Suzhou Dushu Lake Hospital (Dushu Lake Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University), Suzhou, China
| | - Hong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Center for Reproduction and Genetics, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yibo Wu
- Human Reproductive and Genetic Center, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Jinxing Lv
- Center for Reproduction, Suzhou Dushu Lake Hospital (Dushu Lake Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University), Suzhou, China
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10
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Lehtiniemi T, Bourgery M, Ma L, Ahmedani A, Mäkelä M, Asteljoki J, Olotu O, Laasanen S, Zhang FP, Tan K, Chousal JN, Burow D, Koskinen S, Laiho A, Elo L, Chalmel F, Wilkinson M, Kotaja N. SMG6 localizes to the chromatoid body and shapes the male germ cell transcriptome to drive spermatogenesis. Nucleic Acids Res 2022; 50:11470-11491. [PMID: 36259644 PMCID: PMC9723633 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkac900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Nonsense-mediated RNA decay (NMD) is a highly conserved and selective RNA turnover pathway that depends on the endonuclease SMG6. Here, we show that SMG6 is essential for male germ cell differentiation in mice. Germ-cell conditional knockout (cKO) of Smg6 induces extensive transcriptome misregulation, including a failure to eliminate meiotically expressed transcripts in early haploid cells, and accumulation of NMD target mRNAs with long 3' untranslated regions (UTRs). Loss of SMG6 in the male germline results in complete arrest of spermatogenesis at the early haploid cell stage. We find that SMG6 is strikingly enriched in the chromatoid body (CB), a specialized cytoplasmic granule in male germ cells also harboring PIWI-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) and the piRNA-binding protein PIWIL1. This raises the possibility that SMG6 and the piRNA pathway function together, which is supported by several findings, including that Piwil1-KO mice phenocopy Smg6-cKO mice and that SMG6 and PIWIL1 co-regulate many genes in round spermatids. Together, our results demonstrate that SMG6 is an essential regulator of the male germline transcriptome, and highlight the CB as a molecular platform coordinating RNA regulatory pathways to control sperm production and fertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiina Lehtiniemi
- Institute of Biomedicine, Integrative Physiology and Pharmacology Unit, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Matthieu Bourgery
- Institute of Biomedicine, Integrative Physiology and Pharmacology Unit, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Lin Ma
- Institute of Biomedicine, Integrative Physiology and Pharmacology Unit, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Ammar Ahmedani
- Institute of Biomedicine, Integrative Physiology and Pharmacology Unit, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Margareeta Mäkelä
- Institute of Biomedicine, Integrative Physiology and Pharmacology Unit, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Juho Asteljoki
- Institute of Biomedicine, Integrative Physiology and Pharmacology Unit, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Opeyemi Olotu
- Institute of Biomedicine, Integrative Physiology and Pharmacology Unit, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Samuli Laasanen
- Institute of Biomedicine, Integrative Physiology and Pharmacology Unit, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Fu-Ping Zhang
- Institute of Biomedicine, Integrative Physiology and Pharmacology Unit, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Turku Center for Disease Modeling, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- GM-Unit, Helsinki Institute of Life Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kun Tan
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Jennifer N Chousal
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Dana Burow
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Satu Koskinen
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - Asta Laiho
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - Laura L Elo
- Institute of Biomedicine, Integrative Physiology and Pharmacology Unit, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - Frédéric Chalmel
- University of Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail) - UMR_S 1085, F-35000, Rennes, France
| | - Miles F Wilkinson
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
- Institute for Genomic Medicine (IGM), University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Noora Kotaja
- Institute of Biomedicine, Integrative Physiology and Pharmacology Unit, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
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11
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Li T, Wang H, Luo R, An X, Li Q, Su M, Shi H, Chen H, Zhang Y, Ma Y. Proteome Informatics in Tibetan Sheep (Ovis aries) Testes Suggest the Crucial Proteins Related to Development and Functionality. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:923789. [PMID: 35909681 PMCID: PMC9334778 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.923789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Testis has an indispensable function in male reproduction of domestic animals. Tibetan sheep (Ovis aries) is a locally adapted breed of sheep raised in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, with outsized roles in providing the livelihood for millions of residents. Nevertheless, less is known on how protein expression and their functional roles in developmental testes of such breed limit their use in breeding efforts. In this study, we obtained comprehensive protein profiles from testes of Tibetan sheep at three developmental stages (including pre-puberty, post-puberty, and adulthood) using data-independent acquisition-based proteomic strategy to quantitatively identify the differentially abundant proteins (DAPs) associated with testicular development and function and to unravel the molecular basis of spermatogenesis. A total of 6,221 proteins were differentially expressed in an age-dependent manner. The reliability of the gene expression abundance was corroborated by quantitative PCR and targeted parallel reaction monitoring. These DAPs were significantly enriched to biological processes concerning spermatid development and sperm deformation, mitosis, glycolytic process, cell-cell/extracellular matrix (ECM) junctions, cell proliferation, apoptosis, and migration and to the pathways including, developmental process and sexual reproduction-related (such as VEGF, estrogen, insulin, GnRH, Hippo, PI3K-Akt, mTOR, MAPK, and AMPK), and testicular cell events-related pathways (such as tight/gap/adherens junctions, ECM-receptor interaction, regulation of actin cytoskeleton, glycolysis, cell cycle, and meiosis). Based on these bioinformatics analysis, we constructed four protein–protein interaction network, among which the proteins are involved in mitosis, meiosis, spermiogenesis, and testicular microenvironment, respectively. Altogether, these bioinformatics-based sequencing results suggest that many protein-coding genes were expressed in a development-dependent manner in Tibetan sheep testes to contribute to the testicular cell development and their surrounding microenvironment remodeling at various stages of spermatogenesis. These findings have important implications for further understanding of the mechanisms underlying spermatogenesis in sheep and even other plateau-adapted animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taotao Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
- Gansu Key Laboratory of Animal Generational Physiology and Reproductive Regulation, Lanzhou, China
| | - Huihui Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
- Gansu Key Laboratory of Animal Generational Physiology and Reproductive Regulation, Lanzhou, China
| | - Ruirui Luo
- Animal Husbandry, Pasture, and Green Agriculture Institute, Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xuejiao An
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
- Gansu Key Laboratory of Animal Generational Physiology and Reproductive Regulation, Lanzhou, China
| | - Qiao Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
- Gansu Key Laboratory of Animal Generational Physiology and Reproductive Regulation, Lanzhou, China
| | - Manchun Su
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
- Gansu Key Laboratory of Animal Generational Physiology and Reproductive Regulation, Lanzhou, China
| | - Huibin Shi
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
- Gansu Key Laboratory of Animal Generational Physiology and Reproductive Regulation, Lanzhou, China
| | - Haolin Chen
- Guizhou Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Guiyang, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- Gansu Key Laboratory of Animal Generational Physiology and Reproductive Regulation, Lanzhou, China
| | - Youji Ma
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
- Gansu Key Laboratory of Animal Generational Physiology and Reproductive Regulation, Lanzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Youji Ma
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12
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Okada Y. Sperm chromatin condensation: epigenetic mechanisms to compact the genome and spatiotemporal regulation from inside and outside the nucleus. Gene 2022; 97:41-53. [PMID: 35491100 DOI: 10.1266/ggs.21-00065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Sperm chromatin condensation is a critical step in mammalian spermatogenesis to protect the paternal DNA from external damaging factors and to acquire fertility. During chromatin condensation, various events proceed in a chronological order, independently or in sequence, interacting with each other both inside and outside the nucleus to support the dramatic chromatin changes. Among these events, histone-protamine replacement, which is concomitant with acrosome biogenesis and cytoskeletal alteration, is the most critical step associated with nuclear elongation. Failures of not only intranuclear events but also extra-nuclear events severely affect sperm shape and chromatin state and are subsequently linked to infertility. This review focuses on nuclear and non-nuclear factors that affect sperm chromatin condensation and its effects, and further discusses the possible utility of sperm chromatin for clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Okada
- Laboratory of Pathology and Development, Institute for Quantitative Biosciences, The University of Tokyo
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13
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Wang J, Liu Z, Gao X, Du C, Hou C, Tang D, Lou B, Shen W, Zhu J. The potential function of KIF17 in large yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea) spermatid remodeling: molecular characterization and expression pattern during spermiogenesis. FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2022; 48:603-616. [PMID: 35538183 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-021-01035-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
KIF17, which belongs to the kinesin-2 protein family, plays an indispensable role in mammalian spermiogenesis. However, the role of KIF17 in fish spermatid remodeling during spermiogenesis remains poorly understood. Therefore, we aimed to study the role of KIF17 in spermatid remodeling during Larimichthys crocea (L. crocea) spermiogenesis. The kif17 cDNA sequence, 3247 bp in length, was cloned from L. crocea testis, which consisted of a 347-bp 5'-untranslated region (UTR), 413-bp 3' -UTR, and 2487-bp open reading frame. Bioinformatic analyses revealed that KIF17 obtained from L. crocea (Lc-KIF17) exhibited a high sequence identity compared with those from other teleosts and possessed the structural features of other kinesin-2 proteins. Based on structural similarity, we speculate that the role of Lc-KIF17 may be similar to that of KIF17 in other animals. Lc-kif17 mRNA was diffusely expressed in L. crocea tissues and was highly expressed in the testis, especially at stage IV testicular development. Immunofluorescence analysis revealed that Lc-KIF17 signals colocalized with β-tubulin signals and migrated from the perinuclear cytoplasm to the side of the nucleus where the tail forms during spermiogenesis. These findings revealed that KIF17 may be involved in L. crocea spermiogenesis. In particular, KIF17 may participate in spermatid remodeling by interacting with perinuclear microtubules during L. crocea spermiogenesis. Collectively, this study contributes to an improved understanding of the mechanism underlying L. crocea spermiogenesis and provides a basis for further research on L. crocea reproduction and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingqian Wang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology By the Ministry of Education, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, 315211, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology By the Ministry of Education, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, 315211, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinming Gao
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology By the Ministry of Education, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, 315211, People's Republic of China
| | - Chen Du
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology By the Ministry of Education, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, 315211, People's Republic of China
| | - Congcong Hou
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology By the Ministry of Education, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, 315211, People's Republic of China
| | - Daojun Tang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology By the Ministry of Education, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, 315211, People's Republic of China
| | - Bao Lou
- Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310021, People's Republic of China
| | - Weiliang Shen
- Ningbo Academy of Oceanology and Fishery, Ningbo, 315012, Zhejiang, China
| | - Junquan Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology By the Ministry of Education, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, 315211, People's Republic of China.
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14
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Yao M, Qu H, Han Y, Cheng CY, Xiao X. Kinesins in Mammalian Spermatogenesis and Germ Cell Transport. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:837542. [PMID: 35547823 PMCID: PMC9083010 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.837542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In mammalian testes, the apical cytoplasm of each Sertoli cell holds up to several dozens of germ cells, especially spermatids that are transported up and down the seminiferous epithelium. The blood-testis barrier (BTB) established by neighboring Sertoli cells in the basal compartment restructures on a regular basis to allow preleptotene/leptotene spermatocytes to pass through. The timely transfer of germ cells and other cellular organelles such as residual bodies, phagosomes, and lysosomes across the epithelium to facilitate spermatogenesis is important and requires the microtubule-based cytoskeleton in Sertoli cells. Kinesins, a superfamily of the microtubule-dependent motor proteins, are abundantly and preferentially expressed in the testis, but their functions are poorly understood. This review summarizes recent findings on kinesins in mammalian spermatogenesis, highlighting their potential role in germ cell traversing through the BTB and the remodeling of Sertoli cell-spermatid junctions to advance spermatid transport. The possibility of kinesins acting as a mediator and/or synchronizer for cell cycle progression, germ cell transit, and junctional rearrangement and turnover is also discussed. We mostly cover findings in rodents, but we also make special remarks regarding humans. We anticipate that this information will provide a framework for future research in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingxia Yao
- Center for Reproductive Health, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hangzhou Medical College (Zhejiang Academy of Medical Sciences), Hangzhou, China
| | - Haoyang Qu
- Center for Reproductive Health, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hangzhou Medical College (Zhejiang Academy of Medical Sciences), Hangzhou, China
| | - Yating Han
- Center for Reproductive Health, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hangzhou Medical College (Zhejiang Academy of Medical Sciences), Hangzhou, China
| | - C Yan Cheng
- Department of Urology and Andrology, Sir Run-Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiang Xiao
- Center for Reproductive Health, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hangzhou Medical College (Zhejiang Academy of Medical Sciences), Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Laboratory of Experimental Animal's & Nonclinical Laboratory Studies, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
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15
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Hiradate Y, Harima R, Yanai R, Hara K, Nagasawa K, Osada M, Kobayashi T, Matsuyama M, Kanno S, Yasui A, Tanemura K. Loss of
Axdnd1
causes sterility due to impaired spermatid differentiation in mice. Reprod Med Biol 2022; 21:e12452. [PMID: 35386379 PMCID: PMC8968163 DOI: 10.1002/rmb2.12452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Spermiogenesis, the process of deformation of sperm head morphology and flagella formation, is a phenomenon unique to sperm. Axonemal dynein light chain proteins are localized to sperm flagella and are known to be involved in sperm motility. Here, we focused on the gene axonemal dynein light chain domain containing 1 (Axdnd1) with the aim to determine the function of its protein product AXDND1. Methods To elucidate the role of AXDND1 in spermatogenesis, we generated Axdnd1 knockout (KO) mice using the CRISPR/Cas9 system. The generated mice were subjected to fertility tests and analyzed by immunohistochemistry. Result The Axdnd1 KO mouse exhibited sterility caused by impaired spermiogenesis during the elongation step as well as abnormal nuclear shaping and manchette, which are essential for spermiogenesis. Moreover, AXDND1 showed enriched testicular expression and was localized from the mid‐pachytene spermatocytes to the early spermatids. Conclusion Axdnd1 is essential for spermatogenesis in the mouse testes. These findings improve our understanding of spermiogenesis and related defects. According to a recent report, deleterious heterozygous mutations in AXDND1 were found in non‐obstructive azoospermia (NOA) patients. Therefore, Axdnd1 KO mice could be used as a model system for NOA, which will greatly contribute to future NOA treatment studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Hiradate
- Laboratory of Animal Reproduction and Development Graduate School of Agricultural Science Tohoku University Sendai Japan
| | - Ryua Harima
- Laboratory of Animal Reproduction and Development Graduate School of Agricultural Science Tohoku University Sendai Japan
| | - Rin Yanai
- Laboratory of Animal Reproduction and Development Graduate School of Agricultural Science Tohoku University Sendai Japan
| | - Kenshiro Hara
- Laboratory of Animal Reproduction and Development Graduate School of Agricultural Science Tohoku University Sendai Japan
| | - Kazue Nagasawa
- Laboratory of Aquacultural Biology Graduate School of Agricultural Science Tohoku University Sendai Japan
| | - Makoto Osada
- Laboratory of Aquacultural Biology Graduate School of Agricultural Science Tohoku University Sendai Japan
| | - Tomoe Kobayashi
- Division of Molecular Genetics Shigei Medical Research Institute Okayama Japan
| | - Makoto Matsuyama
- Division of Molecular Genetics Shigei Medical Research Institute Okayama Japan
| | - Shin‐ichiro Kanno
- Division of Dynamic Proteome and IDAC Fellow Research Group for DNA Repair and Dynamic Proteome Institute of Development Aging and Cancer (IDAC) Tohoku University Sendai Japan
| | - Akira Yasui
- Division of Dynamic Proteome and IDAC Fellow Research Group for DNA Repair and Dynamic Proteome Institute of Development Aging and Cancer (IDAC) Tohoku University Sendai Japan
| | - Kentaro Tanemura
- Laboratory of Animal Reproduction and Development Graduate School of Agricultural Science Tohoku University Sendai Japan
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16
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Teves ME, Roldan ERS. Sperm bauplan and function and underlying processes of sperm formation and selection. Physiol Rev 2022; 102:7-60. [PMID: 33880962 PMCID: PMC8812575 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00009.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Revised: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The spermatozoon is a highly differentiated and polarized cell, with two main structures: the head, containing a haploid nucleus and the acrosomal exocytotic granule, and the flagellum, which generates energy and propels the cell; both structures are connected by the neck. The sperm's main aim is to participate in fertilization, thus activating development. Despite this common bauplan and function, there is an enormous diversity in structure and performance of sperm cells. For example, mammalian spermatozoa may exhibit several head patterns and overall sperm lengths ranging from ∼30 to 350 µm. Mechanisms of transport in the female tract, preparation for fertilization, and recognition of and interaction with the oocyte also show considerable variation. There has been much interest in understanding the origin of this diversity, both in evolutionary terms and in relation to mechanisms underlying sperm differentiation in the testis. Here, relationships between sperm bauplan and function are examined at two levels: first, by analyzing the selective forces that drive changes in sperm structure and physiology to understand the adaptive values of this variation and impact on male reproductive success and second, by examining cellular and molecular mechanisms of sperm formation in the testis that may explain how differentiation can give rise to such a wide array of sperm forms and functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Eugenia Teves
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Eduardo R S Roldan
- Department of Biodiversity and Evolutionary Biology, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
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Yogo K. Molecular basis of the morphogenesis of sperm head and tail in mice. Reprod Med Biol 2022; 21:e12466. [PMID: 35619659 PMCID: PMC9126569 DOI: 10.1002/rmb2.12466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The spermatozoon has a complex molecular apparatus necessary for fertilization in its head and flagellum. Recently, numerous genes that are needed to construct the molecular apparatus of spermatozoa have been identified through the analysis of genetically modified mice. Methods Based on the literature information, the molecular basis of the morphogenesis of sperm heads and flagella in mice was summarized. Main findings (Results) The molecular mechanisms of vesicular trafficking and intraflagellar transport in acrosome and flagellum formation were listed. With the development of cryo‐electron tomography and mass spectrometry techniques, the details of the axonemal structure are becoming clearer. The fine structure and the proteins needed to form the central apparatus, outer and inner dynein arms, nexin‐dynein regulatory complex, and radial spokes were described. The important components of the formation of the mitochondrial sheath, fibrous sheath, outer dense fiber, and the annulus were also described. The similarities and differences between sperm flagella and Chlamydomonas flagella/somatic cell cilia were also discussed. Conclusion The molecular mechanism of formation of the sperm head and flagellum has been clarified using the mouse as a model. These studies will help to better understand the diversity of sperm morphology and the causes of male infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiichiro Yogo
- Department of Applied Life Sciences Faculty of Agriculture Shizuoka University Shizuoka Japan
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18
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Wu H, Zhang X, Yang J, Feng T, Chen Y, Feng R, Wang H, Qian Y. OUP accepted manuscript. Hum Reprod 2022; 37:1229-1243. [PMID: 35526154 PMCID: PMC9156853 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/deac089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 04/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
STUDY QUESTION Are taurine and its transporter TAUT associated with spermiogenesis and early embryo development? SUMMARY ANSWER Morphologically abnormal spermatozoa increased after local functional interference by intratesticular injection, and taurine depletion significantly reduced the normal embryo numbers in vivo and blastocyst formation rate in vitro. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY Taurine is one of the most abundant amino acids in the male reproductive system and it has been demonstrated that taurine can efficiently improve spermatogenic function in rat models of testicular injury. However, limited information is known about the role of taurine and its transporter TAUT in spermatogenesis and early embryo development. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION Clinical characteristics from 110 couples who have experienced recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) were collected from December 2014 to March 2018. According to whether a fetal heartbeat was seen in the previous pregnancy under ultrasonic monitoring, patients with RPL were divided into two groups: an RPL without heartbeat (pregnancy with no fetal heartbeat, ROH) group, and an RPL with heartbeat (one or more pregnancies with fetal heartbeat, RWH) group. Semen samples (21 ROH and 20 RWH) were finally used for metabolomic analysis. Furthermore, semen samples were obtained from 30 patients with teratozoospermia (normal sperm morphology <4%) seeking evaluation for infertility and 25 age-matched control subjects with normal semen quality for western blotting. Animal experiments were performed in CD-1/ICR mice. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS Metabolomics was performed to determine the metabolic changes between the ROH and RWH groups. Sperm proteins from patients with teratozoospermia and healthy controls were extracted for detecting TAUT expression using western blot analysis. Immunofluorescence was used to characterize the localization of TAUT in the testis and ejaculated spermatozoa. Functional analysis in mice was performed by intratesticular injection of siRNAs or antagonist (β-alanine) and 5% β-alanine was provided in drinking water to 3-week-old male mice for 5 weeks with the aim of depleting taurine. Murine epididymal spermatozoa were stained with hematoxylin and eosin for morphological assessment. IVF and mating tests were performed in mice for assessing fertility. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE Metabolomic analysis demonstrated that the taurine content was lower in spermatozoa but higher in seminal plasma from the ROH than the RWH group. TAUT expression was lower in spermatozoa from patients with teratozoospermia than controls. Immunofluorescence showed that TAUT was localized to the manchette in mouse elongated spermatids functional analysis showed that morphologically abnormal spermatozoa increased after interference, and this defect increased after supplementation with 5% β-alanine but was improved by 5% taurine supplementation. Supplementation with 5% β-alanine significantly reduced the normal embryo number in the mouse uterus as well as blastocyst formation rate in vitro. LARGE SCALE DATA N/A LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION The sample size was low and larger cohorts are needed to confirm the positive effect of taurine on human sperm quality. A comprehensive safety examination should be performed to evaluate whether taurine is a possible treatment for teratozoospermia. Furthermore, the specific molecular mechanism of TAUT involvement in spermiogenesis remains to be clarified. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS The study provides new insights into the role of taurine and its transporter TAUT in male reproduction and embryo development. The results also indicate that TAUT is a promising molecular candidate for the assessment of sperm quality, which may contribute to the diagnosis and treatment for teratozoospermia. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S) This work was supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (no. 81774075, 31900605, 81971451), Jiangsu Science and Technology Program Grant (BK20190654) and Maternal and child health scientific research of Jiangsu Province (F202121). The authors declare no competing financial interests.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jihong Yang
- Reproductive Medical Center of Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ting Feng
- Reproductive Medical Center of Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yao Chen
- Reproductive Medical Center of Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ruizhi Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Correspondence address. Reproductive Medical Center of Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 121 Jiangjiayuan Road, Nanjing 210011, China. Tel: +86-025-58771027; E-mail: (Y.Q.); Department of Histology and Embryology, State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211166, China. Tel: +86-025-86869380; E-mail: (H.W.)
| | - Yun Qian
- Correspondence address. Reproductive Medical Center of Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 121 Jiangjiayuan Road, Nanjing 210011, China. Tel: +86-025-58771027; E-mail: (Y.Q.); Department of Histology and Embryology, State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211166, China. Tel: +86-025-86869380; E-mail: (H.W.)
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Molecular Cloning of Dynein Heavy Chain and the Effect of Dynein Inhibition on the Testicular Function of Portunus trituberculatus. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11123582. [PMID: 34944356 PMCID: PMC8697902 DOI: 10.3390/ani11123582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Portunus trituberculatus is a very important marine economic species. The study of its reproductive biology can provide a theoretical basis for its breeding. Dynein is a member of the motor protein family. It plays an important role in various life activities, such as cell division and intracellular material transport. In order to study the role of dynein in the testis of Portunus trituberculatus, we cloned the heavy chain of dynein and used the dynein inhibitor sodium orthovanadate to make the dynein lose its function. By detecting the localization of dynein, as well as the detection of various apoptosis indexes, antioxidant stress indexes and immune indexes, this study proved that dynein is essential in testis. Abstract Dynein is a motor protein with multiple transport functions. However, dynein’s role in crustacean testis is still unknown. We cloned the full-length cDNA of cytoplasmic dynein heavy chain (Pt-dhc) gene and its structure was analyzed. Its expression level was highest in testis. We injected the dynein inhibitor sodium orthovanadate (SOV) into the crab. The distribution of Portunus trituberculatus dynein heavy chain (Pt-DHC) in mature sperm was detected by immunofluorescence. The apoptosis of spermatids was detected using a TUNEL kit; gene expression in testis was detected by fluorescence quantitative PCR (qPCR). The expression of immune-related factors in the testis were detected by an enzyme activity kit. The results showed that the distribution of Pt-DHC was abnormal after SOV injection, indicating that the function of dynein was successfully inhibited. Apoptosis-related genes p53 and caspase-3, and antioxidant stress genes HSP70 and NOS were significantly decreased, and anti-apoptosis gene bcl-2 was significantly increased. The activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and alkaline phosphatase (AKP) were significantly decreased. The results showed that there was no apoptosis in testicular cells after dynein function was inhibited, but the cell function was disordered. This study laid a theoretical foundation for the further study of apoptosis in testis and the function of dynein in testis and breeding of P. trituberculatus.
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Heydari R, Seresht-Ahmadi M, Mirshahvaladi S, Sabbaghian M, Mohseni-Meybodi A. KIF3B gene silent variant leading to sperm morphology and motility defects and male infertility. Biol Reprod 2021; 106:766-774. [DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioab226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Sperm structural and functional defects are leading causes of male infertility. Patients with immotile sperm disorders suffer from axoneme failure and show a significant reduction in sperm count. The kinesin family member 3B (KIF3B) is one of the genes involved in the proper formation of sperm with a critical role in intraflagellar and intramanchette transport. A part of exon 2 and exons 3–5 of the KIF3B encodes a protein coiled-coil domain that interacts with IFT20 from the IFT protein complex. In the present study, the coding region of KIF3B coiled-coil domain was assessed in 88 oligoasthenoteratozoospermic patients, and the protein expression was evaluated in the mature spermatozoa of the case and control groups using immunocytochemistry and western blotting. According to the results, there was no genetic variation in the exons 3–5 of the KIF3B, but a new A > T variant was identified within the exon 2 in 30 patients, where nothing was detected in the control group. In contrast to healthy individuals, significantly reduced protein expression was observable in oligoasthenoteratozoospermic (OAT) patients carrying variation where protein organization was disarranged, especially in the principal piece and midpiece of the sperm tail. Besides, the protein expression level was lower in the patients’ samples compared to that of the control group. According to the results of the present study the NM_004798.3:c.1032A > T, p.Pro344 = variant; which has been recently submitted to the Clinvar database; although synonymous, causes alterations in the transcription factor binding site, exon skipping, and also exonic splicing enhancer-binding site. Therefore, KIF3B can play an important role in spermatogenesis and the related protein reduction can cause male infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raheleh Heydari
- Department of Andrology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehrshad Seresht-Ahmadi
- Department of Genetics, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shahab Mirshahvaladi
- Department of Molecular Systems Biology at Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Marjan Sabbaghian
- Department of Andrology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Anahita Mohseni-Meybodi
- Department of Genetics, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
- Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Molecular Diagnostics Division, London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ontario, Canada
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21
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Ma Q, Cao C, Zhuang C, Luo X, Li X, Wan H, Ye J, Chen F, Cui L, Zhang Y, Wen Y, Yuan S, Gui Y. AXDND1, a novel testis-enriched gene, is required for spermiogenesis and male fertility. Cell Death Discov 2021; 7:348. [PMID: 34759295 PMCID: PMC8580973 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-021-00738-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Spermiogenesis is a complex process depending on the sophisticated coordination of a myriad of testis-enriched gene regulations. The regulatory pathways that coordinate this process are not well understood, and we demonstrate here that AXDND1, as a novel testis-enriched gene is essential for spermiogenesis and male fertility. AXDND1 is exclusively expressed in the round and elongating spermatids in humans and mice. We identified two potentially deleterious mutations of AXDND1 unique to non‐obstructive azoospermia (NOA) patients through selected exonic sequencing. Importantly, Axdnd1 knockout males are sterile with reduced testis size caused by increased germ cell apoptosis and sloughing, exhibiting phenotypes consistent with oligoasthenoteratozoospermia. Axdnd1 mutated late spermatids showed head deformation, outer doublet microtubules deficiency in the axoneme, and loss of corresponding accessory structures, including outer dense fiber (ODF) and mitochondria sheath. These phenotypes were probably due to the perturbed behavior of the manchette, a dynamic structure where AXDND1 was localized. Our findings establish AXDND1 as a novel testis-enrich gene essential for spermiogenesis and male fertility probably by regulating the manchette dynamics, spermatid head shaping, sperm flagellum assembly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Ma
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Male Reproductive Medicine and Genetics, Institute of Urology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen PKU-HKUST Medical Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518036, China
| | - Congcong Cao
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Male Reproductive Medicine and Genetics, Institute of Urology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen PKU-HKUST Medical Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518036, China
| | - Changshui Zhuang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Male Reproductive Medicine and Genetics, Institute of Urology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen PKU-HKUST Medical Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518036, China
| | - Xiaomin Luo
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Male Reproductive Medicine and Genetics, Institute of Urology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen PKU-HKUST Medical Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518036, China
| | - Xiaofeng Li
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Male Reproductive Medicine and Genetics, Institute of Urology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen PKU-HKUST Medical Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518036, China
| | - Huijuan Wan
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Male Reproductive Medicine and Genetics, Institute of Urology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen PKU-HKUST Medical Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518036, China
| | - Jing Ye
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Male Reproductive Medicine and Genetics, Institute of Urology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen PKU-HKUST Medical Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518036, China
| | - Fangfang Chen
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Male Reproductive Medicine and Genetics, Institute of Urology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen PKU-HKUST Medical Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518036, China
| | - Lina Cui
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Male Reproductive Medicine and Genetics, Institute of Urology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen PKU-HKUST Medical Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518036, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Institute of Reproductive Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
| | - Yujiao Wen
- Institute of Reproductive Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
| | - Shuiqiao Yuan
- Institute of Reproductive Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China. .,Shenzhen Huazhong University of Science and Technology Research Institute, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518057, China. .,Laboratory Animal Center, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China.
| | - Yaoting Gui
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Male Reproductive Medicine and Genetics, Institute of Urology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen PKU-HKUST Medical Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518036, China.
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Umer N, Arévalo L, Phadke S, Lohanadan K, Kirfel G, Sons D, Sofia D, Witke W, Schorle H. Loss of Profilin3 Impairs Spermiogenesis by Affecting Acrosome Biogenesis, Autophagy, Manchette Development and Mitochondrial Organization. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:749559. [PMID: 34869336 PMCID: PMC8632698 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.749559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Profilins (PFNs) are key regulatory proteins for the actin polymerization in cells and are encoded in mouse and humans by four Pfn genes. PFNs are involved in cell mobility, cell growth, neurogenesis, and metastasis of tumor cells. The testes-specific PFN3 is localized in the acroplaxome-manchette complex of developing spermatozoa. We demonstrate that PFN3 further localizes in the Golgi complex and proacrosomal vesicles during spermiogenesis, suggesting a role in vesicle transport for acrosome formation. Using CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing, we generated mice deficient for Pfn3. Pfn3-/- males are subfertile, displaying a type II globozoospermia. We revealed that Pfn3-/- sperm display abnormal manchette development leading to an amorphous sperm head shape. Additionally, Pfn3-/- sperm showed reduced sperm motility resulting from flagellum deformities. We show that acrosome biogenesis is impaired starting from the Golgi phase, and mature sperm seems to suffer from a cytoplasm removal defect. An RNA-seq analysis revealed an upregulation of Trim27 and downregulation of Atg2a. As a consequence, mTOR was activated and AMPK was suppressed, resulting in the inhibition of autophagy. This dysregulation of AMPK/mTOR affected the autophagic flux, which is hallmarked by LC3B accumulation and increased SQSTM1 protein levels. Autophagy is involved in proacrosomal vesicle fusion and transport to form the acrosome. We conclude that this disruption leads to the observed malformation of the acrosome. TRIM27 is associated with PFN3 as determined by co-immunoprecipitation from testis extracts. Further, actin-related protein ARPM1 was absent in the nuclear fraction of Pfn3-/- testes and sperm. This suggests that lack of PFN3 leads to destabilization of the PFN3-ARPM1 complex, resulting in the degradation of ARPM1. Interestingly, in the Pfn3-/- testes, we detected increased protein levels of essential actin regulatory proteins, cofilin-1 (CFL1), cofilin-2 (CFL2), and actin depolymerizing factor (ADF). Taken together, our results reveal the importance for PFN3 in male fertility and implicate this protein as a candidate for male factor infertility in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naila Umer
- Department of Developmental Pathology, Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Lena Arévalo
- Department of Developmental Pathology, Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Sharang Phadke
- Department of Developmental Pathology, Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | | | - Gregor Kirfel
- Institute for Cell Biology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Dominik Sons
- Department of Membrane Biochemistry, Life and Medical Sciences (LIMES) Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Denise Sofia
- Institute of Genetics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Walter Witke
- Institute of Genetics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Hubert Schorle
- Department of Developmental Pathology, Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
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Li W, Huang Q, Zhang L, Liu H, Zhang D, Yuan S, Yap Y, Qu W, Shiang R, Song S, Hess RA, Zhang Z. A single amino acid mutation in the mouse MEIG1 protein disrupts a cargo transport system necessary for sperm formation. J Biol Chem 2021; 297:101312. [PMID: 34673028 PMCID: PMC8592874 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2021.101312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Revised: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Mammalian spermatogenesis is a highly coordinated process that requires cooperation between specific proteins to coordinate diverse biological functions. For example, mouse Parkin coregulated gene (PACRG) recruits meiosis-expressed gene 1 (MEIG1) to the manchette during normal spermiogenesis. Here we mutated Y68 of MEIG1 using the CRISPR/cas9 system and examined the biological and physiological consequences in mice. All homozygous mutant males examined were completely infertile, and sperm count was dramatically reduced. The few developed sperm were immotile and displayed multiple abnormalities. Histological staining showed impaired spermiogenesis in these mutant mice. Immunofluorescent staining further revealed that this mutant MEIG1 was still present in the cell body of spermatocytes, but also that more MEIG1 accumulated in the acrosome region of round spermatids. The mutant MEIG1 and a cargo protein of the MEIG1/PACRG complex, sperm-associated antigen 16L (SPAG16L), were no longer found to be present in the manchette; however, localization of the PACRG component was not changed in the mutants. These findings demonstrate that Y68 of MEIG1 is a key amino acid required for PACRG to recruit MEIG1 to the manchette to transport cargo proteins during sperm flagella formation. Given that MEIG1 and PACRG are conserved in humans, small molecules that block MEIG1/PACRG interaction are likely ideal targets for the development of male contraconception drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Li
- Department of Physiology, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Qian Huang
- Department of Physiology, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA; Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Ling Zhang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Hong Liu
- Department of Physiology, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA; Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - David Zhang
- School of Arts and Sciences, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia, USA
| | - Shuo Yuan
- Department of Physiology, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA; Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yitian Yap
- Department of Physiology, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Wei Qu
- Department of Physiology, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA; Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Rita Shiang
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Shizheng Song
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Rex A Hess
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Zhibing Zhang
- Department of Physiology, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA.
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Boschen KE, Fish EW, Parnell SE. Prenatal alcohol exposure disrupts Sonic hedgehog pathway and primary cilia genes in the mouse neural tube. Reprod Toxicol 2021; 105:136-147. [PMID: 34492310 PMCID: PMC8529623 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2021.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Neurulation-stage alcohol exposure (NAE; embryonic day [E] 8-10) is associated with midline craniofacial and CNS defects that likely arise from disruption of morphogen pathways, such as Sonic hedgehog (Shh). Notably, midline anomalies are also a hallmark of genetic ciliopathies such as Joubert syndrome. We tested whether NAE alters Shh pathway signaling and the number and function of primary cilia, organelles critical for Shh pathway transduction. Female C57BL/6 J mice were administered two doses of alcohol (2.9 g/kg/dose) or vehicle on E9. Embryos were collected 6, 12, or 24 h later, and changes to Shh, cell cycle genes, and primary cilia were measured in the rostroventral neural tube (RVNT). Within the first 24 h post-NAE, reductions in Shh pathway and cell cycle gene expression and the ratio of Gli3 forms in the full-length activator state were observed. RVNT volume and cell layer width were reduced at 12 h. In addition, altered expression of multiple cilia-related genes was observed at 6 h post-NAE. As a further test of cilia gene-ethanol interaction, mice heterozygous for Kif3a exhibited perturbed behavior during adolescence following NAE compared to vehicle-treated mice, and Kif3a heterozygosity exacerbated the hyperactive effects of NAE on exploratory activity. These data demonstrate that NAE downregulates the Shh pathway in a region of the neural tube that gives rise to alcohol-sensitive brain structures and identifies disruption of primary cilia function, or a "transient ciliopathy", as a possible cellular mechanism of prenatal alcohol pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen E Boschen
- Bowles Center on Alcohol Studies, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Eric W Fish
- Bowles Center on Alcohol Studies, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Scott E Parnell
- Bowles Center on Alcohol Studies, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
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Miyata H, Oyama Y, Kaneda Y, Ikawa M. The motor domain of testis-enriched kinesin KIF9 is essential for its localization in the mouse flagellum. Exp Anim 2021; 71:46-52. [PMID: 34526446 PMCID: PMC8828407 DOI: 10.1538/expanim.21-0082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Kinesin is a molecular motor that moves along microtubules. Testis-enriched kinesin KIF9 (Kinesin family member 9) is localized in the mouse sperm flagellum and is important for normal sperm motility and male fertility; however, it is unclear if the motor domain of KIF9 is involved in these processes. In this study, we substituted threonine of the ATP binding motif in the KIF9 motor domain to asparagine (T100N) in mice using the CRISPR/Cas9 system, which is known to impair kinesin motor activity. T100N mutant mice exhibit reduced sperm motility and male fertility consistent with Kif9 knockout mice. Further, KIF9 was depleted in the spermatozoa of T100N mutant mice although the amounts of KIF9 were comparable between wild-type and T100N mutant testes. These results indicate that the motor domain of KIF9 is essential for its localization in the sperm flagellum.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yuki Oyama
- Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University.,Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University
| | - Yuki Kaneda
- Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University.,Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University
| | - Masahito Ikawa
- Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University.,Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University.,The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo
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26
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Christman DA, Curry HN, Rouhana L. Heterotrimeric Kinesin II is required for flagellar assembly and elongation of nuclear morphology during spermiogenesis in Schmidtea mediterranea. Dev Biol 2021; 477:191-204. [PMID: 34090925 PMCID: PMC8277772 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2021.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2020] [Revised: 05/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Development of sperm requires microtubule-based movements that drive assembly of a compact head and flagellated tails. Much is known about how flagella are built given their shared molecular core with motile cilia, but less is known about the mechanisms that shape the sperm head. The Kinesin Superfamily Protein 3A (KIF3A) pairs off with a second motor protein (KIF3B) and the Kinesin Associated Protein 3 (KAP3) to form Heterotrimeric Kinesin II. This complex drives intraflagellar transport (IFT) along microtubules during ciliary assembly. We show that KIF3A and KAP3 orthologs in Schmidtea mediterranea are required for axonemal assembly and nuclear elongation during spermiogenesis. Expression of Smed-KAP3 is enriched during planarian spermatogenesis with transcript abundance peaking in spermatocyte and spermatid cells. Disruption of Smed-kif3A or Smed-KAP3 expression by RNA-interference results in loss of spermatozoa and accumulation of unelongated spermatids. Confocal microscopy of planarian testis lobes stained with alpha-tubulin antibodies revealed that spermatids with disrupted Kinesin II function fail to assemble flagella, and visualization with 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) revealed reduced nuclear elongation. Disruption of Smed-kif3A or Smed-KAP3 expression also resulted in edema, reduced locomotion, and loss of epidermal cilia, which corroborates with somatic phenotypes previously reported for Smed-kif3B. These findings demonstrate that heterotrimeric Kinesin II drives assembly of cilia and flagella, as well as rearrangements of nuclear morphology in developing sperm. Prolonged activity of heterotrimeric Kinesin II in manchette-like structures with extended presence during spermiogenesis is hypothesized to result in the exaggerated nuclear elongation observed in sperm of turbellarians and other lophotrochozoans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donovan A Christman
- Department of Biological Sciences, Wright State University, 3640 Colonel Glenn Highway, Dayton, OH, 45435-0001, USA
| | - Haley N Curry
- Department of Biological Sciences, Wright State University, 3640 Colonel Glenn Highway, Dayton, OH, 45435-0001, USA
| | - Labib Rouhana
- Department of Biological Sciences, Wright State University, 3640 Colonel Glenn Highway, Dayton, OH, 45435-0001, USA.
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Wu B, Gao H, Liu C, Li W. The coupling apparatus of the sperm head and tail†. Biol Reprod 2021; 102:988-998. [PMID: 31995163 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioaa016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Revised: 08/05/2019] [Accepted: 01/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
A strong sperm head-tail coupling apparatus (HTCA) is needed to ensure the integrity of spermatozoa during their fierce competition to fertilize the egg. A lot of HTCA-specific components have evolved to strengthen the attachment of the tail to the implantation fossa at the sperm head. Defects in HTCA formation lead to acephalic spermatozoa syndrome and pathologies of some male infertility. Recent studies have provided insights into the pathogenic molecular mechanisms of acephalic spermatozoa syndrome. Here, we summarize the proteins involved in sperm neck development and focus on their roles in the formation of HTCA. In addition, we discuss the fine structures of the sperm neck in different species from an evolutionary view, highlighting the potential conservative mechanism of HTCA formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingbing Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.,Savaid Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Hui Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Chao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Wei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.,Savaid Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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Lin C, Tang D, Gao X, Jiang H, Du C, Zhu J. Molecular characterization, dynamic transcription, and potential function of KIF3A/KIF3B during spermiogenesis in Opsariichthys bidens. Gene 2021; 798:145795. [PMID: 34175396 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2021.145795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Revised: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Spermiogenesis is the final phase of spermatogenesis, wherein the spermatids differentiate into mature spermatozoa via complex morphological transformation. In this process, kinesin plays an important role. Here, we observed the morphological transformation of spermatids and analyzed the characterization, dynamic transcription, and potential function of kinesin KIF3A/KIF3B during spermiogenesis in Chinese hook snout carp (Opsariichthys bidens). We found that the full-length cDNAs of O. bidens kif3a and kif3b were 2544 and 2806 bp in length comprising 119 bp and 259 bp 5' untranslated region (UTR), 313 bp and 222 bp 3' UTR, and 2112 bp and 2325 bp open reading frame encoding 703 and 774 amino acids, respectively. Ob-KIF3A/KIF3B proteins have three domains, namely N-terminal head, coiled-coil stalk, and C-terminal tail, and exhibit high similarity with homologous proteins in vertebrates and invertebrates. Ob-kif3a/kif3b mRNAs were ubiquitously expressed in all tissues examined, with the highest expression in the brain and stage-IV testis. Immunofluorescence results showed that Ob-KIF3A was co-localized with tubulin and the mitochondria. Particularly, in early spermatids, Ob-KIF3A, tubulin, and the mitochondrial signals were evenly distributed in the cytoplasm, whereas in middle spermatids, they were distributed around the nucleus. In the late stage, the signals were concentrated on one side of the nucleus, where the tail is formed, whereas in mature sperms, they were detected in the midpiece and flagellum. These results indicate that Ob-KIF3A/KIF3B may participate in nuclear reshaping, flagellum formation, and mitochondrial aggregation in the midpiece during spermiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenwen Lin
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology by the Ministry of Education, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, People's Republic of China
| | - Daojun Tang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology by the Ministry of Education, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinming Gao
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology by the Ministry of Education, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, People's Republic of China
| | - Huayu Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology by the Ministry of Education, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, People's Republic of China
| | - Chen Du
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology by the Ministry of Education, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, People's Republic of China
| | - Junquan Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology by the Ministry of Education, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, People's Republic of China.
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29
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Azhar M, Altaf S, Uddin I, Cheng J, Wu L, Tong X, Qin W, Bao J. Towards Post-Meiotic Sperm Production: Genetic Insight into Human Infertility from Mouse Models. Int J Biol Sci 2021; 17:2487-2503. [PMID: 34326689 PMCID: PMC8315030 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.60384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Declined quality and quantity of sperm is currently the major cause of patients suffering from infertility. Male germ cell development is spatiotemporally regulated throughout the whole developmental process. While it has been known that exogenous factors, such as environmental exposure, diet and lifestyle, et al, play causative roles in male infertility, recent progress has revealed abundant genetic mutations tightly associated with defective male germline development. In mammals, male germ cells undergo dramatic morphological change (i.e., nuclear condensation) and chromatin remodeling during post-meiotic haploid germline development, a process termed spermiogenesis; However, the molecular machinery players and functional mechanisms have yet to be identified. To date, accumulated evidence suggests that disruption in any step of haploid germline development is likely manifested as fertility issues with low sperm count, poor sperm motility, aberrant sperm morphology or combined. With the continually declined cost of next-generation sequencing and recent progress of CRISPR/Cas9 technology, growing studies have revealed a vast number of disease-causing genetic variants associated with spermiogenic defects in both mice and humans, along with mechanistic insights partially attained and validated through genetically engineered mouse models (GEMMs). In this review, we mainly summarize genes that are functional at post-meiotic stage. Identification and characterization of deleterious genetic variants should aid in our understanding of germline development, and thereby further improve the diagnosis and treatment of male infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Azhar
- Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, University of Science and Technology of China, Anhui, China
| | - Saba Altaf
- Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, University of Science and Technology of China, Anhui, China
| | - Islam Uddin
- Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, University of Science and Technology of China, Anhui, China
| | - Jinbao Cheng
- The 901th hospital of Joint logistics support Force of PLA, Anhui, China
| | - Limin Wu
- Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, University of Science and Technology of China, Anhui, China
| | - Xianhong Tong
- Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, University of Science and Technology of China, Anhui, China
| | - Weibing Qin
- NHC Key Laboratory of Male Reproduction and Genetics, Family Planning Research Institute of Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jianqiang Bao
- Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, University of Science and Technology of China, Anhui, China
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30
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Liu WS, Lu C, Mistry BV. Subcellular localization of the mouse PRAMEL1 and PRAMEX1 reveals multifaceted roles in the nucleus and cytoplasm of germ cells during spermatogenesis. Cell Biosci 2021; 11:102. [PMID: 34074333 PMCID: PMC8170798 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-021-00612-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Preferentially expressed antigen in melanoma (PRAME) is a cancer/testis antigen (CTA) that is predominantly expressed in normal gametogenic tissues and a variety of tumors. Members of the PRAME gene family encode leucine-rich repeat (LRR) proteins that provide a versatile structural framework for the formation of protein-protein interactions. As a nuclear receptor transcriptional regulator, PRAME has been extensively studied in cancer biology and is believed to play a role in cancer cell proliferation by suppressing retinoic acid (RA) signaling. The role of the PRAME gene family in germline development and spermatogenesis has been recently confirmed by a gene knockout approach. To further understand how PRAME proteins are involved in germ cell development at a subcellular level, we have conducted a systematic immunogold electron microscopy (IEM) analysis on testis sections of adult mice with gene-specific antibodies from two members of the mouse Prame gene family: Pramel1 and Pramex1. Pramel1 is autosomal, while Pramex1 is X-linked, both genes are exclusively expressed in the testis. RESULTS Our IEM data revealed that both PRAMEL1 and PRAMEX1 proteins were localized in various cell organelles in different development stages of spermatogenic cells, including the nucleus, rER, Golgi, mitochondria, germ granules [intermitochondrial cement (IMC) and chromatoid body (CB)], centrioles, manchette, and flagellum. Unlike other germ cell-specific makers, such as DDX4, whose proteins are evenly distributed in the expressed-organelle(s), both PRAMEL1 and PRAMEX1 proteins tend to aggregate together to form clusters of protein complexes. These complexes were highly enriched in the nucleus and cytoplasm (especially in germ granules) of spermatocytes and spermatids. Furthermore, dynamic distribution of the PRAMEL1 protein complexes were observed in the microtubule-based organelles, such as acroplaxome, manchette, and flagellum, as well as in the nuclear envelope and nuclear pore. Dual staining with PRAMEL1 and KIF17B antibodies further revealed that the PRAMEL1 and KIF17B proteins were co-localized in germ granules. CONCLUSION Our IEM data suggest that the PRAMEL1 and PRAMEX1 proteins are not only involved in transcriptional regulation in the nucleus, but may also participate in nucleocytoplasmic transport, and in the formation and function of germ cell-specific organelles during spermatogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan-Sheng Liu
- Department of Animal Science, Center for Reproductive Biology and Health (CRBH), College of Agricultural Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, 324 Henning Building, University Park, PA 16802 USA
| | - Chen Lu
- Department of Animal Science, Center for Reproductive Biology and Health (CRBH), College of Agricultural Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, 324 Henning Building, University Park, PA 16802 USA
- Present Address: Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bhavesh V. Mistry
- Department of Animal Science, Center for Reproductive Biology and Health (CRBH), College of Agricultural Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, 324 Henning Building, University Park, PA 16802 USA
- Present Address: Department of Comparative Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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31
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Ho UY, Feng CWA, Yeap YY, Bain AL, Wei Z, Shohayeb B, Reichelt ME, Homer H, Khanna KK, Bowles J, Ng DCH. WDR62 is required for centriole duplication in spermatogenesis and manchette removal in spermiogenesis. Commun Biol 2021; 4:645. [PMID: 34059773 PMCID: PMC8167107 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-021-02171-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
WDR62 is a scaffold protein involved in centriole duplication and spindle assembly during mitosis. Mutations in WDR62 can cause primary microcephaly and premature ovarian insufficiency. We have generated a genetrap mouse model deficient in WDR62 and characterised the developmental effects of WDR62 deficiency during meiosis in the testis. We have found that WDR62 deficiency leads to centriole underduplication in the spermatocytes due to reduced or delayed CEP63 accumulation in the pericentriolar matrix. This resulted in prolonged metaphase that led to apoptosis. Round spermatids that inherited a pair of centrioles progressed through spermiogenesis, however, manchette removal was delayed in WDR62 deficient spermatids due to delayed Katanin p80 accumulation in the manchette, thus producing misshapen spermatid heads with elongated manchettes. In mice, WDR62 deficiency resembles oligoasthenoteratospermia, a common form of subfertility in men that is characterised by low sperm counts, poor motility and abnormal morphology. Therefore, proper WDR62 function is necessary for timely spermatogenesis and spermiogenesis during male reproduction. Uda Ho et al find that loss of centriolar scaffold protein WDR62 in mouse testis leads to defects in spermatogenesis. They find that WDR62 deficiency leads to centriole underduplication in spermatocytes and delayed manchette removal in spermatids due to delayed Katanin p80 accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uda Y Ho
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
| | - Chun-Wei Allen Feng
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Yvonne Y Yeap
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Amanda L Bain
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Zhe Wei
- UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Belal Shohayeb
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Melissa E Reichelt
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Hayden Homer
- UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Kum Kum Khanna
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Josephine Bowles
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Dominic C H Ng
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
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32
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Wu B, Yu X, Liu C, Wang L, Huang T, Lu G, Chen ZJ, Li W, Liu H. Essential Role of CFAP53 in Sperm Flagellum Biogenesis. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:676910. [PMID: 34124066 PMCID: PMC8195676 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.676910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The sperm flagellum is essential for male fertility. Despite vigorous research progress toward understanding the pathogenesis of flagellum-related diseases, much remains unknown about the mechanisms underlying the flagellum biogenesis itself. Here, we show that the cilia and flagella associated protein 53 (Cfap53) gene is predominantly expressed in testes, and it is essential for sperm flagellum biogenesis. The knockout of this gene resulted in complete infertility in male mice but not in the females. CFAP53 localized to the manchette and sperm tail during spermiogenesis, the knockout of this gene impaired flagellum biogenesis. Furthermore, we identified two manchette and sperm tail-associated proteins that interacted with CFAP53 during spermiogenesis. Together, our results suggest that CFAP53 is an essential protein for sperm flagellum biogenesis, and its mutations might be associated with multiple morphological abnormalities of the flagella (MMAF).
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingbing Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Innovation Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaochen Yu
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Key laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology of the Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Jinan, China
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Reproductive Health, Jinan, China
- National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Chao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Innovation Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lina Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center of Respiratory Diseases, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children’s Health, Beijing, China
| | - Tao Huang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Key laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology of the Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Jinan, China
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Reproductive Health, Jinan, China
- National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Gang Lu
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Key laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology of the Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Jinan, China
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Reproductive Health, Jinan, China
- National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- CUHK-SDU Joint Laboratory on Reproductive Genetics, School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Zi-Jiang Chen
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Key laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology of the Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Jinan, China
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Reproductive Health, Jinan, China
- National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- CUHK-SDU Joint Laboratory on Reproductive Genetics, School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Wei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Innovation Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hongbin Liu
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Key laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology of the Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Jinan, China
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Reproductive Health, Jinan, China
- National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- CUHK-SDU Joint Laboratory on Reproductive Genetics, School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
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Xiong W, Shen C, Li C, Zhang X, Ge H, Tang L, Shen Y, Lu S, Zhang H, Han M, Zhang A, Wang J, Wu Y, Fei J, Wang Z. Dissecting the PRSS37 interactome and potential mechanisms leading to ADAM3 loss in PRSS37-null sperm. J Cell Sci 2021; 134:268338. [PMID: 34028541 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.258426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
A disintegrin and metalloproteinase 3 (ADAM3) is a sperm membrane protein critical for sperm migration from the uterus into the oviduct and sperm-egg binding in mice. Disruption of PRSS37 results in male infertility concurrent with the absence of mature ADAM3 from cauda epididymal sperm. However, how PRSS37 modulates ADAM3 maturation remains largely unclear. Here, we determine the PRSS37 interactome by GFP immunoprecipitation coupled with mass spectrometry in PRSS37-EGFP knock-in mice. Three molecular chaperones (CLGN, CALR3 and PDILT) and three ADAM proteins (ADAM2, ADAM6B and ADAM4) were identified to be interacting with PRSS37. Coincidently, five of them (except ADAM4) have been reported to interact with ADAM3 precursor and regulate its maturation. We further demonstrated that PRSS37 also interacts directly with ADAM3 precursor and its deficiency impedes the association between PDILT and ADAM3. This could contribute to improper translocation of ADAM3 to the germ cell surface, leading to ADAM3 loss in PRSS37-null mature sperm. The understanding of the maturation mechanisms of pivotal sperm plasma membrane proteins will pave the way toward novel strategies for contraception and the treatment of unexplained male infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenfeng Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Research Center for Experimental Medicine, Rui-Jin Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Chunling Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Research Center for Experimental Medicine, Rui-Jin Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Chaojie Li
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Research Center for Experimental Medicine, Rui-Jin Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Xiaohong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Research Center for Experimental Medicine, Rui-Jin Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Haoyang Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Research Center for Experimental Medicine, Rui-Jin Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Lingyun Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Research Center for Experimental Medicine, Rui-Jin Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Yan Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Research Center for Experimental Medicine, Rui-Jin Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Shunyuan Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Research Center for Experimental Medicine, Rui-Jin Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Hongxin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Research Center for Experimental Medicine, Rui-Jin Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Mi Han
- Reproductive Medical Center, Rui-Jin Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Aijun Zhang
- Reproductive Medical Center, Rui-Jin Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Jinjin Wang
- Shanghai Engineering and Technology Research Center for Model Animals, Shanghai Model Organisms Center, Inc., Shanghai 201318, China
| | - Youbing Wu
- Shanghai Engineering and Technology Research Center for Model Animals, Shanghai Model Organisms Center, Inc., Shanghai 201318, China
| | - Jian Fei
- Shanghai Engineering and Technology Research Center for Model Animals, Shanghai Model Organisms Center, Inc., Shanghai 201318, China
| | - Zhugang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Research Center for Experimental Medicine, Rui-Jin Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200025, China.,Shanghai Engineering and Technology Research Center for Model Animals, Shanghai Model Organisms Center, Inc., Shanghai 201318, China
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Hwang JY, Nawaz S, Choi J, Wang H, Hussain S, Nawaz M, Lopez-Giraldez F, Jeong K, Dong W, Oh JN, Bilguvar K, Mane S, Lee CK, Bystroff C, Lifton RP, Ahmad W, Chung JJ. Genetic Defects in DNAH2 Underlie Male Infertility With Multiple Morphological Abnormalities of the Sperm Flagella in Humans and Mice. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:662903. [PMID: 33968937 PMCID: PMC8103034 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.662903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Asthenozoospermia accounts for over 80% of primary male infertility cases. Reduced sperm motility in asthenozoospermic patients are often accompanied by teratozoospermia, or defective sperm morphology, with varying severity. Multiple morphological abnormalities of the flagella (MMAF) is one of the most severe forms of asthenoteratozoospermia, characterized by heterogeneous flagellar abnormalities. Among various genetic factors known to cause MMAF, multiple variants in the DNAH2 gene are reported to underlie MMAF in humans. However, the pathogenicity by DNAH2 mutations remains largely unknown. In this study, we identified a novel recessive variant (NM_020877:c.12720G > T;p.W4240C) in DNAH2 by whole-exome sequencing, which fully co-segregated with the infertile male members in a consanguineous Pakistani family diagnosed with asthenozoospermia. 80-90% of the sperm from the patients are morphologically abnormal, and in silico analysis models reveal that the non-synonymous variant substitutes a residue in dynein heavy chain domain and destabilizes DNAH2. To better understand the pathogenicity of various DNAH2 variants underlying MMAF in general, we functionally characterized Dnah2-mutant mice generated by CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing. Dnah2-null males, but not females, are infertile. Dnah2-null sperm cells display absent, short, bent, coiled, and/or irregular flagella consistent with the MMAF phenotype. We found misexpression of centriolar proteins and delocalization of annulus proteins in Dnah2-null spermatids and sperm, suggesting dysregulated flagella development in spermiogenesis. Scanning and transmission electron microscopy analyses revealed that flagella ultrastructure is severely disorganized in Dnah2-null sperm. Absence of DNAH2 compromises the expression of other axonemal components such as DNAH1 and RSPH3. Our results demonstrate that DNAH2 is essential for multiple steps in sperm flagella formation and provide insights into molecular and cellular mechanisms of MMAF pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Yeon Hwang
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Shoaib Nawaz
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Jungmin Choi
- Department of Genetics, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Huafeng Wang
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Shabir Hussain
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Mehboob Nawaz
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | | | - Kyungjo Jeong
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Weilai Dong
- Department of Genetics, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Jong-Nam Oh
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kaya Bilguvar
- Department of Genetics, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States
- Yale Center for Genome Analysis, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Shrikant Mane
- Yale Center for Genome Analysis, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Chang-Kyu Lee
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
- Designed Animal and Transplantation Research Institute, Institutes of Green Bio Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang-gun, South Korea
| | - Christopher Bystroff
- Department of Biological Sciences, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, United States
| | - Richard P. Lifton
- Laboratory of Human Genetics and Genomics, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Wasim Ahmad
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Jean-Ju Chung
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States
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Atherton J, Moores CA. Cryo-EM of kinesin-binding protein: challenges and opportunities from protein-surface interactions. Acta Crystallogr D Struct Biol 2021; 77:411-423. [PMID: 33825702 PMCID: PMC8025885 DOI: 10.1107/s2059798321001935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Kinesin-binding protein (KBP) is an important selective inhibitor of specific kinesin family members and its genetic disruption causes Goldberg-Shprintzen syndrome. Cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) has recently been used to reveal the structure of KBP alone (72 kDa) and in complex with the motor domain of the mitotic kinesin-12 KIF15 (110 kDa). KBP is an α-solenoid, tetratricopeptide-repeat protein that interacts with the microtubule-binding region of the kinesin motor domain and blocks microtubule attachment. Numerous challenges arose relating to the behavior of KBP and KBP-kinesin complexes during cryo-EM sample preparation. These included the partial denaturation of KBP by air-water interfaces, protein aggregation resulting from carbon interaction and preferential orientation. Sample preparation with a graphene oxide substrate enabled the eventual structure determination. Here, experiences with preparing these samples are detailed, bringing attention to some of the challenges and opportunities that are likely to arise from protein-surface interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Atherton
- Randall Centre for Cell and Molecular Biophysics, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
- Institute of Structural and Molecular Biology, Birkbeck, University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Carolyn A. Moores
- Institute of Structural and Molecular Biology, Birkbeck, University of London, London, United Kingdom
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36
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Li Y, Wang WL, Tu CF, Meng LL, Hu TY, Du J, Lin G, Nie HC, Tan YQ. A novel homozygous frameshift mutation in MNS1 associated with severe oligoasthenoteratozoospermia in humans. Asian J Androl 2021; 23:197-204. [PMID: 33037173 PMCID: PMC7991825 DOI: 10.4103/aja.aja_56_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Oligoasthenoteratozoospermia (OAT) refers to the combination of various sperm abnormalities, including a decreased sperm count, reduced motility, and abnormal sperm morphology. Only a few genetic causes have been shown to be associated with OAT. Herein, we identified a novel homozygous frameshift mutation in meiosis-specific nuclear structural 1 (MNS1; NM_018365: c.603_604insG: p.Lys202Glufs*6) by whole-exome sequencing in an OAT proband from a consanguineous Chinese family. Subsequent variant screening identified four additional heterozygous MNS1 variants in 6/219 infertile individuals with oligoasthenospermia, but no MNS1 variants were observed among 223 fertile controls. Immunostaining analysis showed MNS1 to be normally located in the whole-sperm flagella, but was absent in the proband's sperm. Expression analysis by Western blot also confirmed that MNS1 was absent in the proband's sperm. Abnormal flagellum morphology and ultrastructural disturbances in outer doublet microtubules were observed in the proband's sperm. A total of three intracytoplasmic sperm injection cycles were carried out for the proband's wife, but they all failed to lead to a successful pregnancy. Overall, this is the first study to report a loss-of-function mutation in MNS1 causing OAT in a Han Chinese patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Li
- Institute of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China
| | - Wei-Li Wang
- Institute of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China
| | - Chao-Feng Tu
- Institute of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China.,Reproductive and Genetic Hospital of CITIC-Xiangya, Changsha 410078, China.,Clinical Research Center for Reproduction and Genetics in Hunan Province, Changsha 410078, China
| | - Lan-Lan Meng
- Reproductive and Genetic Hospital of CITIC-Xiangya, Changsha 410078, China.,Clinical Research Center for Reproduction and Genetics in Hunan Province, Changsha 410078, China
| | - Tong-Yao Hu
- Institute of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China
| | - Juan Du
- Institute of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China.,Reproductive and Genetic Hospital of CITIC-Xiangya, Changsha 410078, China.,Clinical Research Center for Reproduction and Genetics in Hunan Province, Changsha 410078, China
| | - Ge Lin
- Institute of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China.,Reproductive and Genetic Hospital of CITIC-Xiangya, Changsha 410078, China.,Clinical Research Center for Reproduction and Genetics in Hunan Province, Changsha 410078, China
| | - Hong-Chuan Nie
- Institute of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China.,Reproductive and Genetic Hospital of CITIC-Xiangya, Changsha 410078, China.,Clinical Research Center for Reproduction and Genetics in Hunan Province, Changsha 410078, China
| | - Yue-Qiu Tan
- Institute of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China.,Reproductive and Genetic Hospital of CITIC-Xiangya, Changsha 410078, China.,Clinical Research Center for Reproduction and Genetics in Hunan Province, Changsha 410078, China
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Pleuger C, Lehti MS, Dunleavy JE, Fietz D, O'Bryan MK. Haploid male germ cells-the Grand Central Station of protein transport. Hum Reprod Update 2020; 26:474-500. [PMID: 32318721 DOI: 10.1093/humupd/dmaa004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Revised: 01/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The precise movement of proteins and vesicles is an essential ability for all eukaryotic cells. Nowhere is this more evident than during the remarkable transformation that occurs in spermiogenesis-the transformation of haploid round spermatids into sperm. These transformations are critically dependent upon both the microtubule and the actin cytoskeleton, and defects in these processes are thought to underpin a significant percentage of human male infertility. OBJECTIVE AND RATIONALE This review is aimed at summarising and synthesising the current state of knowledge around protein/vesicle transport during haploid male germ cell development and identifying knowledge gaps and challenges for future research. To achieve this, we summarise the key discoveries related to protein transport using the mouse as a model system. Where relevant, we anchored these insights to knowledge in the field of human spermiogenesis and the causality of human male infertility. SEARCH METHODS Relevant studies published in English were identified using PubMed using a range of search terms related to the core focus of the review-protein/vesicle transport, intra-flagellar transport, intra-manchette transport, Golgi, acrosome, manchette, axoneme, outer dense fibres and fibrous sheath. Searches were not restricted to a particular time frame or species although the emphasis within the review is on mammalian spermiogenesis. OUTCOMES Spermiogenesis is the final phase of sperm development. It results in the transformation of a round cell into a highly polarised sperm with the capacity for fertility. It is critically dependent on the cytoskeleton and its ability to transport protein complexes and vesicles over long distances and often between distinct cytoplasmic compartments. The development of the acrosome covering the sperm head, the sperm tail within the ciliary lobe, the manchette and its role in sperm head shaping and protein transport into the tail, and the assembly of mitochondria into the mid-piece of sperm, may all be viewed as a series of overlapping and interconnected train tracks. Defects in this redistribution network lead to male infertility characterised by abnormal sperm morphology (teratozoospermia) and/or abnormal sperm motility (asthenozoospermia) and are likely to be causal of, or contribute to, a significant percentage of human male infertility. WIDER IMPLICATIONS A greater understanding of the mechanisms of protein transport in spermiogenesis offers the potential to precisely diagnose cases of male infertility and to forecast implications for children conceived using gametes containing these mutations. The manipulation of these processes will offer opportunities for male-based contraceptive development. Further, as increasingly evidenced in the literature, we believe that the continuous and spatiotemporally restrained nature of spermiogenesis provides an outstanding model system to identify, and de-code, cytoskeletal elements and transport mechanisms of relevance to multiple tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christiane Pleuger
- School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton 3800, Australia.,Institute for Veterinary Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Justus-Liebig University Giessen, Giessen 35392, Germany.,Hessian Centre of Reproductive Medicine, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen 35392, Germany
| | - Mari S Lehti
- School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton 3800, Australia.,Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku 20520, Finland
| | | | - Daniela Fietz
- Institute for Veterinary Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Justus-Liebig University Giessen, Giessen 35392, Germany.,Hessian Centre of Reproductive Medicine, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen 35392, Germany
| | - Moira K O'Bryan
- School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton 3800, Australia
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Dlec1 is required for spermatogenesis and male fertility in mice. Sci Rep 2020; 10:18883. [PMID: 33144677 PMCID: PMC7642295 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-75957-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Deleted in lung and esophageal cancer 1 (DLEC1) is a tumour suppressor gene that is downregulated in various cancers in humans; however, the physiological and molecular functions of DLEC1 are still unclear. This study investigated the critical role of Dlec1 in spermatogenesis and male fertility in mice. Dlec1 was significantly expressed in testes, with dominant expression in germ cells. We disrupted Dlec1 in mice and analysed its function in spermatogenesis and male fertility. Dlec1 deletion caused male infertility due to impaired spermatogenesis. Spermatogenesis progressed normally to step 8 spermatids in Dlec1−/− mice, but in elongating spermatids, we observed head deformation, a shortened tail, and abnormal manchette organization. These phenotypes were similar to those of various intraflagellar transport (IFT)-associated gene-deficient sperm. In addition, DLEC1 interacted with tailless complex polypeptide 1 ring complex (TRiC) and Bardet–Biedl Syndrome (BBS) protein complex subunits, as well as α- and β-tubulin. DLEC1 expression also enhanced primary cilia formation and cilia length in A549 lung adenocarcinoma cells. These findings suggest that DLEC1 is a possible regulator of IFT and plays an essential role in sperm head and tail formation in mice.
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39
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Teves ME, Roldan ERS, Krapf D, Strauss III JF, Bhagat V, Sapao P. Sperm Differentiation: The Role of Trafficking of Proteins. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E3702. [PMID: 32456358 PMCID: PMC7279445 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21103702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Revised: 05/10/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Sperm differentiation encompasses a complex sequence of morphological changes that takes place in the seminiferous epithelium. In this process, haploid round spermatids undergo substantial structural and functional alterations, resulting in highly polarized sperm. Hallmark changes during the differentiation process include the formation of new organelles, chromatin condensation and nuclear shaping, elimination of residual cytoplasm, and assembly of the sperm flagella. To achieve these transformations, spermatids have unique mechanisms for protein trafficking that operate in a coordinated fashion. Microtubules and filaments of actin are the main tracks used to facilitate the transport mechanisms, assisted by motor and non-motor proteins, for delivery of vesicular and non-vesicular cargos to specific sites. This review integrates recent findings regarding the role of protein trafficking in sperm differentiation. Although a complete characterization of the interactome of proteins involved in these temporal and spatial processes is not yet known, we propose a model based on the current literature as a framework for future investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria E. Teves
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond VA 23298, USA;
| | - Eduardo R. S. Roldan
- Department of Biodiversity and Evolutionary Biology, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (CSIC), 28006-Madrid, Spain
| | - Diego Krapf
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA;
| | - Jerome F. Strauss III
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond VA 23298, USA;
| | - Virali Bhagat
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond VA 23298, USA;
| | - Paulene Sapao
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond VA, 23298, USA;
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40
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Netherton J, Ogle RA, Hetherington L, Silva Balbin Villaverde AI, Hondermarck H, Baker MA. Proteomic Analysis Reveals that Topoisomerase 2A is Associated with Defective Sperm Head Morphology. Mol Cell Proteomics 2020; 19:444-455. [PMID: 31848259 PMCID: PMC7050105 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.ra119.001626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Revised: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Male infertility is widespread and estimated to affect 1 in 20 men. Although in some cases the etiology of the condition is well understood, for at least 50% of men, the underlying cause is yet to be classified. Male infertility, or subfertility, is often diagnosed by looking at total sperm produced, motility of the cells and overall morphology. Although counting spermatozoa and their associated motility is routine, morphology assessment is highly subjective, mainly because of the procedure being based on microscopic examination. A failure to diagnose male-infertility or sub-fertility has led to a situation where assisted conception is often used unnecessarily. As such, biomarkers of male infertility are needed to help establish a more consistent diagnosis. In the present study, we compared nuclear extracts from both high- and low-quality spermatozoa by LC-MS/MS based proteomic analysis. Our data shows that nuclear retention of specific proteins is a common facet among low-quality sperm cells. We demonstrate that the presence of Topoisomerase 2A in the sperm head is highly correlated to poor head morphology. Topoisomerase 2A is therefore a potential new biomarker for confirming male infertility in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob Netherton
- Priority Research Centre in Reproductive Science, School of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Rachel A Ogle
- Priority Research Centre in Reproductive Science, School of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Louise Hetherington
- Priority Research Centre in Reproductive Science, School of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
| | | | - Hubert Hondermarck
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, New Lambton, New South Wales, Australia, Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, New Lambton, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Mark A Baker
- Priority Research Centre in Reproductive Science, School of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia.
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41
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Miyata H, Shimada K, Morohoshi A, Oura S, Matsumura T, Xu Z, Oyama Y, Ikawa M. Testis-enriched kinesin KIF9 is important for progressive motility in mouse spermatozoa. FASEB J 2020; 34:5389-5400. [PMID: 32072696 PMCID: PMC7136151 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201902755r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Revised: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Kinesin is a molecular motor that moves along microtubules. Kinesin family member 9 (KIF9) is evolutionarily conserved and expressed strongly in mouse testis. In the unicellular flagellate Chlamydomonas, KLP1 (ortholog of KIF9) is localized to the central pair microtubules of the axoneme and regulates flagellar motility. In contrast, the function of KIF9 remains unclear in mammals. Here, we mutated KIF9 in mice using the CRISPR/Cas9 system. Kif9 mutated mice exhibit impaired sperm motility and subfertility. Further analysis reveals that the flagella lacking KIF9 showed an asymmetric waveform pattern, which leads to a circular motion of spermatozoa. In spermatozoa that lack the central pair protein HYDIN, KIF9 was not detected by immunofluorescence and immunoblot analysis. These results suggest that KIF9 is associated with the central pair microtubules and regulates flagellar motility in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haruhiko Miyata
- Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Keisuke Shimada
- Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Akane Morohoshi
- Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Japan.,Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Seiya Oura
- Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Japan.,Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Takafumi Matsumura
- Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Japan.,Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Zoulan Xu
- Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Japan.,Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Yuki Oyama
- Graduate School of Life and Medical Sciences, Doshisha University, Kyotanabe, Japan
| | - Masahito Ikawa
- Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Japan.,Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan.,Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Suita, Japan.,The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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Morohoshi A, Miyata H, Shimada K, Nozawa K, Matsumura T, Yanase R, Shiba K, Inaba K, Ikawa M. Nexin-Dynein regulatory complex component DRC7 but not FBXL13 is required for sperm flagellum formation and male fertility in mice. PLoS Genet 2020; 16:e1008585. [PMID: 31961863 PMCID: PMC6994161 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1008585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Revised: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Flagella and cilia are evolutionarily conserved cellular organelles. Abnormal formation or motility of these organelles in humans causes several syndromic diseases termed ciliopathies. The central component of flagella and cilia is the axoneme that is composed of the ‘9+2’ microtubule arrangement, dynein arms, radial spokes, and the Nexin-Dynein Regulatory Complex (N-DRC). The N-DRC is localized between doublet microtubules and has been extensively studied in the unicellular flagellate Chlamydomonas. Recently, it has been reported that TCTE1 (DRC5), a component of the N-DRC, is essential for proper sperm motility and male fertility in mice. Further, TCTE1 has been shown to interact with FBXL13 (DRC6) and DRC7; however, functional roles of FBXL13 and DRC7 in mammals have not been elucidated. Here we show that Fbxl13 and Drc7 expression are testes-enriched in mice. Although Fbxl13 knockout (KO) mice did not show any obvious phenotypes, Drc7 KO male mice were infertile due to their short immotile spermatozoa. In Drc7 KO spermatids, the axoneme is disorganized and the ‘9+2’ microtubule arrangement was difficult to detect. Further, other N-DRC components fail to incorporate into the flagellum without DRC7. These results indicate that Drc7, but not Fbxl13, is essential for the correct assembly of the N-DRC and flagella. In recent years, almost one in six couples face infertility, and nearly 50% of cases are attributed to male factors. It has been shown that approximately 15% of male infertility is caused by genetic factors. The conditions of male infertility mainly include spermatozoa with abnormal morphology (teratozoospermia), reduced sperm motility (asthenozoospermia), and no or low sperm count (azoospermia). Multiple morphological abnormalities of the sperm flagella (MMAF) are characterized as asthenoteratozoospermia, which is a condition with abnormal sperm tail morphology, including absent, coiled, bent, or short tails. Sperm tails are formed during spermiogenesis; however, the mechanism that govern tail formation remains unclear. Here we mutated Fbxl13 and Drc7, two genes with strong expression in mouse testis and which have been shown to be important for flagellum formation and regulation in other systems. Deletion of Drc7 leads to aberrant tail formation in mouse spermatozoa that phenocopies patients with MMAF, while deletion of Fbxl13 has no observable effect on sperm function. Our results identified DRC7 as an important factor for sperm flagellum formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akane Morohoshi
- Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
- Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Haruhiko Miyata
- Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Keisuke Shimada
- Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kaori Nozawa
- Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takafumi Matsumura
- Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Ryuji Yanase
- Shimoda Marine Research Center, University of Tsukuba, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Kogiku Shiba
- Shimoda Marine Research Center, University of Tsukuba, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Kazuo Inaba
- Shimoda Marine Research Center, University of Tsukuba, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Masahito Ikawa
- Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
- Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
- The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- * E-mail:
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43
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Hao SL, Yang WX. KIFC1 is essential for normal spermatogenesis and its depletion results in early germ cell apoptosis in the Kuruma shrimp, Penaeus (Marsupenaeus) japonicus. Aging (Albany NY) 2019; 11:12773-12792. [PMID: 31895691 PMCID: PMC6949060 DOI: 10.18632/aging.102601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
In order to explore the dynamic mechanisms during spermatogenesis of the penaeid prawns, the full length of kifc1 was cloned from testis cDNA of Penaeus japonicus through RACE. Both semi-quantitative RT-PCR and Western blot results indicated that KIFC1 was extensive expressed in different tissue of P. japonicus. Compared with other tissue, the highest expression of KIFC1 occurred in the testis. According to the immunofluorescence results, the KIFC1 protein was detected at each stage of whole process of spermatogenesis. In the spermatogonial phase, KIFC1 mainly dispersed in cytoplasm and co-localized with microtubules, while abundant KIFC1 signal was detected in the nucleus of spermatocytes. At the early stage of spermatids, KIFC1 was transported from the nucleus into the cytoplasm, and it assisted microtubule assembly onto one side of the nucleus. Finally, in mature sperm, it was weakly expressed in the acrosome. This implies that KIFC1 may participate in the mitosis of spermatogonia, meiosis of spermatocyte, and acrosome formation during spermiogenesis; it may also play functions in acrosome maintaining in mature sperm. In addition, the results of KIFC1 knockdown by dsRNA injection in vivo reveal that decreased KIFC1 expression may induce aberrant microtubule assembly, and it leads to spermatogonia and spermatocyte apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang-Li Hao
- The Sperm Laboratory, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Wan-Xi Yang
- The Sperm Laboratory, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
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Wang J, Gao X, Zheng X, Hou C, Xie Q, Lou B, Zhu J. Expression and potential functions of KIF3A/3B to promote nuclear reshaping and tail formation during Larimichthys polyactis spermiogenesis. Dev Genes Evol 2019; 229:161-181. [PMID: 31486889 DOI: 10.1007/s00427-019-00637-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
KIF3A and KIF3B are homologous motor subunits of the Kinesin II protein family. KIF3A, KIF3B, and KAP3 form a heterotrimeric complex and play a significant role in spermatogenesis. Here, we first cloned full-length kif3a/3b cDNAs from Larimichthys polyactis. Lp-kif3a/3b are highly related to their homologs in other animals. The proteins are composed of three domains, an N-terminal head domain, a central stalk domain, and a C-terminus tail domain. Lp-kif3a/3b mRNAs were found to be ubiquitously expressed in the examined tissues, with high expression in the testis. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) was used to analyze the expression of Lp-kif3a/3b mRNAs during spermiogenesis. The results showed that Lp-kif3a/3b mRNAs had similar expression pattern and were continuously expressed during spermiogenesis. From middle spermatid to mature sperm, Lp-kif3a/3b mRNAs gradually localized to the side of the spermatid where the midpiece and tail form. In addition, we used immunofluorescence (IF) to observe that Lp-KIF3A protein co-localizes with tubulin during spermiogenesis. In early spermatid, Lp-KIF3A protein and microtubule signals were randomly distributed in the cytoplasm. In middle spermatid, however, the protein was detected primarily around the nucleus. In late spermatid, the protein migrated primarily to one side of the nucleus where the tail forms. In mature sperm, Lp-KIF3A and microtubules accumulated in the midpiece. Moreover, Lp-KIF3A co-localized with the mitochondria. In mature sperm, Lp-KIF3A and mitochondria were present in the midpiece. Therefore, Lp-KIF3A/KIF3B may be involved in spermiogenesis in L. polyactis, particularly during nuclear reshaping and tail formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingqian Wang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology by the Ministry of Education, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinming Gao
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology by the Ministry of Education, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuebin Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology by the Ministry of Education, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Congcong Hou
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology by the Ministry of Education, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingping Xie
- Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China.,Marine Fisheries Research Institute of Zhejiang, Zhoushan, 316100, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Bao Lou
- Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China. .,Marine Fisheries Research Institute of Zhejiang, Zhoushan, 316100, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Junquan Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology by the Ministry of Education, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China.
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Nynca J, Słowińska M, Judycka S, Ciereszko A. Maladaptation of trout spermatozoa to fresh water is related to oxidative stress and proteome changes. Reproduction 2019; 157:485-499. [PMID: 30921765 DOI: 10.1530/rep-19-0012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2019] [Accepted: 03/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Rainbow trout sperm are 'maladapted' to freshwater spawning, resulting in shorter duration of sperm motility in fresh water compared to buffered saline solution. We hypothesized that different sperm motility-activating media have various effects on sperm motility characteristics and oxidative stress, as well as on the protein profiles of rainbow trout sperm. We designed an experimental model for activation of rainbow trout sperm motility in different osmotic conditions: (i) isosmotic and (ii) hypoosmotic. Spermatozoa activation with hypoosmotic solution was associated with lower values for sperm motility parameters (52%) and an induced increase in ROS level (19.4%) in comparison to isosmotic activation with isosmotic solution (67 and 9.5% for sperm motility and ROS, respectively). Hypoosmotic activation resulted in a higher number of differentially abundant sperm proteins (out of which 50 were identified) compared to isosmotic conditions, where only two spots of protein disulfide-isomerase 6 were changed in abundance. The proteins are mainly involved in the TCA cycle, tight and gap junction signaling, Sertoli cell-Sertoli cell junction signaling and asparagine degradation. Our results, for the first time, indicate that during hypoosmotic activation of sperm motility, osmotic stress triggers oxidative stress and disturbances mostly to structural proteins and metabolic enzymes. Our results strongly suggest that comparative physiological and biochemical analysis of rainbow trout sperm characteristics in isosmotic and hypoosmotic conditions could be a useful model for studying the mechanism of sperm activation in salmonid fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Nynca
- Department of Gametes and Embryo Biology, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - M Słowińska
- Department of Gametes and Embryo Biology, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - S Judycka
- Department of Gametes and Embryo Biology, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - A Ciereszko
- Department of Gametes and Embryo Biology, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, Poland
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Magley RA, Rouhana L. Tau tubulin kinase is required for spermatogenesis and development of motile cilia in planarian flatworms. Mol Biol Cell 2019; 30:2155-2170. [PMID: 31141462 PMCID: PMC6743461 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e18-10-0663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cilia are microtubule-based structures that protrude from the apical surface of cells to mediate motility, transport, intracellular signaling, and environmental sensing. Tau tubulin kinases (TTBKs) destabilize microtubules by phosphorylating microtubule-associated proteins (MAPs) of the MAP2/Tau family, but also contribute to the assembly of primary cilia during embryogenesis. Expression of TTBKs is enriched in testicular tissue, but their relevance to reproductive processes is unknown. We identified six TTBK homologues in the genome of the planarian Schmidtea mediterranea (Smed-TTBK-a, -b, -c, -d, -e, and -f), all of which are preferentially expressed in testes. Inhibition of TTBK paralogues by RNA interference (RNAi) revealed a specific requirement for Smed-TTBK-d in postmeiotic regulation of spermatogenesis. Disrupting expression of Smed-TTBK-d results in loss of spermatozoa, but not spermatids. In the soma, Smed-TTBK-d RNAi impaired the function of multiciliated epidermal cells in propelling planarian movement, as well as the osmoregulatory function of protonephridia. Decreased density and structural defects of motile cilia were observed in the epidermis of Smed-TTBK-d(RNAi) by phase contrast, immunofluorescence, and transmission electron microscopy. Altogether, these results demonstrate that members of the TTBK family of proteins are postmeiotic regulators of sperm development and also contribute to the formation of motile cilia in the soma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Alan Magley
- Department of Biological Sciences, Wright State University, Dayton, OH 45435
| | - Labib Rouhana
- Department of Biological Sciences, Wright State University, Dayton, OH 45435
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Baehr W, Hanke-Gogokhia C, Sharif A, Reed M, Dahl T, Frederick JM, Ying G. Insights into photoreceptor ciliogenesis revealed by animal models. Prog Retin Eye Res 2018; 71:26-56. [PMID: 30590118 DOI: 10.1016/j.preteyeres.2018.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2018] [Revised: 12/10/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Photoreceptors are polarized neurons, with very specific subcellular compartmentalization and unique requirements for protein expression and trafficking. Each photoreceptor contains an outer segment, the site of photon capture that initiates vision, an inner segment that houses the biosynthetic machinery and a synaptic terminal for signal transmission to downstream neurons. Outer segments and inner segments are connected by a connecting cilium (CC), the equivalent of a transition zone (TZ) of primary cilia. The connecting cilium is part of the basal body/axoneme backbone that stabilizes the outer segment. This report will update the reader on late developments in photoreceptor ciliogenesis and transition zone formation, specifically in mouse photoreceptors, focusing on early events in photoreceptor ciliogenesis. The connecting cilium, an elongated and narrow structure through which all outer segment proteins and membrane components must traffic, functions as a gate that controls access to the outer segment. Here we will review genes and their protein products essential for basal body maturation and for CC/TZ genesis, sorted by phenotype. Emphasis is given to naturally occurring mouse mutants and gene knockouts that interfere with CC/TZ formation and ciliogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wolfgang Baehr
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Utah Health Sciences, Salt Lake City, UT, 84132, USA.
| | - Christin Hanke-Gogokhia
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Utah Health Sciences, Salt Lake City, UT, 84132, USA
| | - Ali Sharif
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Utah Health Sciences, Salt Lake City, UT, 84132, USA
| | - Michelle Reed
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Utah Health Sciences, Salt Lake City, UT, 84132, USA
| | - Tiffanie Dahl
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Utah Health Sciences, Salt Lake City, UT, 84132, USA
| | - Jeanne M Frederick
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Utah Health Sciences, Salt Lake City, UT, 84132, USA
| | - Guoxin Ying
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Utah Health Sciences, Salt Lake City, UT, 84132, USA
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Boschen KE, Gong H, Murdaugh LB, Parnell SE. Knockdown of Mns1 Increases Susceptibility to Craniofacial Defects Following Gastrulation-Stage Alcohol Exposure in Mice. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2018; 42:2136-2143. [PMID: 30129265 PMCID: PMC6214710 DOI: 10.1111/acer.13876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2018] [Accepted: 08/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND MNS1 (meiosis-specific nuclear structural protein 1) is necessary for motile cilia function, such as sperm flagella or those found in the embryonic primitive node. While little is known regarding the function or expression pattern of MNS1 in the embryo, co-immunoprecipitation experiments in sperm have determined that MNS1 interacts with ciliary proteins, which are also important during development. Establishment of morphogenic gradients is dependent on normal ciliary motion in the primitive node beginning during gastrulation (gestational day [GD] 7 in the mouse, second-third week of pregnancy in humans), a critical window for face, eye, and brain development and particularly susceptible to perturbations of developmental signals. The current study investigates the role of Mns1 in craniofacial defects associated with gastrulation-stage alcohol exposure. METHODS On GD7, pregnant Mns1+/- dams were administered 2 doses of ethanol (5.8 g/kg total) or vehicle 4 hours apart to target gastrulation. On GD17, fetuses were examined for ocular defects by scoring each eye on a scale from 1 to 7 (1 = normal, 2 to 7 = defects escalating in severity). Craniofacial and brain abnormalities were also assessed. RESULTS Prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) significantly increased the rate of defects in wild-type fetuses, as PAE fetuses had an incidence rate of 41.18% compared to a 10% incidence rate in controls. Furthermore, PAE interacted with genotype to significantly increase the defect rate and severity in Mns1+/- (64.29%) and Mns1-/- mice (92.31%). PAE Mns1-/- fetuses with severe eye defects also presented with craniofacial dysmorphologies characteristic of fetal alcohol syndrome and midline tissue loss in the brain, palate, and nasal septum. CONCLUSIONS These data demonstrate that a partial or complete knockdown of Mns1 interacts with PAE to increase the susceptibility to ocular defects and correlating craniofacial and brain anomalies, likely though interaction of alcohol with motile cilia function. These results further our understanding of genetic risk factors that may underlie susceptibility to teratogenic exposures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen E. Boschen
- Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599
| | - Henry Gong
- Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599
| | - Laura B. Murdaugh
- Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599
| | - Scott E. Parnell
- Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599
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49
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Gunes S, Sengupta P, Henkel R, Alguraigari A, Sinigaglia MM, Kayal M, Joumah A, Agarwal A. Microtubular Dysfunction and Male Infertility. World J Mens Health 2018; 38:9-23. [PMID: 30350487 PMCID: PMC6920067 DOI: 10.5534/wjmh.180066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2018] [Accepted: 08/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Microtubules are the prime component of the cytoskeleton along with microfilaments. Being vital for organelle transport and cellular divisions during spermatogenesis and sperm motility process, microtubules ascertain functional capacity of sperm. Also, microtubule based structures such as axoneme and manchette are crucial for sperm head and tail formation. This review (a) presents a concise, yet detailed structural overview of the microtubules, (b) analyses the role of microtubule structures in various male reproductive functions, and (c) presents the association of microtubular dysfunctions with male infertility. Considering the immense importance of microtubule structures in the formation and maintenance of physiological functions of sperm cells, this review serves as a scientific trigger in stimulating further male infertility research in this direction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sezgin Gunes
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Ondokuz Mayis University, Samsun, Turkey.,American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Pallav Sengupta
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, MAHSA University, Selangor, Malaysia.,American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Ralf Henkel
- Department of Medical Bioscience, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, South Africa.,American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Aabed Alguraigari
- Batterjee Medical College, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Mariana Marques Sinigaglia
- University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.,American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Malik Kayal
- Alfaisal University Medical School, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Ahmad Joumah
- Alfaisal University Medical School, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Ashok Agarwal
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.
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50
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Abbasi F, Miyata H, Shimada K, Morohoshi A, Nozawa K, Matsumura T, Xu Z, Pratiwi P, Ikawa M. RSPH6A is required for sperm flagellum formation and male fertility in mice. J Cell Sci 2018; 131:jcs.221648. [PMID: 30185526 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.221648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2018] [Accepted: 08/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The flagellum is an evolutionarily conserved appendage used for sensing and locomotion. Its backbone is the axoneme and a component of the axoneme is the radial spoke (RS), a protein complex implicated in flagellar motility regulation. Numerous diseases occur if the axoneme is improperly formed, such as primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) and infertility. Radial spoke head 6 homolog A (RSPH6A) is an ortholog of Chlamydomonas RSP6 in the RS head and is evolutionarily conserved. While some RS head proteins have been linked to PCD, little is known about RSPH6A. Here, we show that mouse RSPH6A is testis-enriched and localized in the flagellum. Rsph6a knockout (KO) male mice are infertile as a result of their short immotile spermatozoa. Observation of the KO testis indicates that the axoneme can elongate but is disrupted before accessory structures are formed. Manchette removal is also impaired in the KO testis. Further, RSPH9, another radial spoke protein, disappeared in the Rsph6a KO flagella. These data indicate that RSPH6A is essential for sperm flagellar assembly and male fertility in mice.This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ferheen Abbasi
- Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.,Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Haruhiko Miyata
- Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Keisuke Shimada
- Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Akane Morohoshi
- Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.,Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Kaori Nozawa
- Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.,Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Takafumi Matsumura
- Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.,Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Zoulan Xu
- Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.,Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Putri Pratiwi
- Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Masahito Ikawa
- Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan .,Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.,Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.,The Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
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