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Zhao X, Cao Y, Zhao E, Li T, Cong T, Gao Y, Zhang J. The Expression Levels of SARS-CoV-2 Infection-Mediating Molecules Promoted by Interferon-γ and Tumor Necrosis Factor-α Are Downregulated by Hydrogen Sulfide. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:13624. [PMID: 36362417 PMCID: PMC9656571 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232113624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/05/2022] [Indexed: 09/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Autoimmune thyroid diseases (AITDs), which include Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) and Graves' disease (GD), have a higher prevalence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection in the literature. The effects of AITD-associated cytokines on SARS-CoV-2 infection-mediating molecule levels might be involved in the pathogenesis of susceptibility. We speculated that hydrogen sulfide (H2S) might attenuate this process since H2S has antiviral effects. Using immunohistochemistry, we found that angiotensin-converting enzyme-II (ACE2) expression was higher in the HT group and neuropilin 1 (NRP1) expression was higher in HT and GD groups than in the normal group, while transmembrane protease serine type 2 (TMPRSS2) expression was lower in HT and GD groups. When culturing primary thyrocytes with cytokines or sodium hydrosulfide (NaHS) plus cytokines, we found that ACE2 and NRP1 mRNA levels were upregulated while TMPRSS2 levels were downregulated by interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). After pretreatment with NaHS in thyrocytes, ACE2 and NRP1 expression were downregulated compared to IFN-γ or TNF-α treatment, and NaHS had no effect on TMPRSS2 expression. Our findings suggested that IFN-γ and TNF-α, which are elevated in AITDs, promoted ACE2 and NRP1 expression and inhibited TMPRSS2 expression. H2S might protect against SARS-CoV-2 infection by downregulating ACE2 and NRP1 levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Zhao
- Department of Endocrinology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Yedi Cao
- Department of Endocrinology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Enmin Zhao
- Department of Otolaryngology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Tiancheng Li
- Department of Otolaryngology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Tiechuan Cong
- Department of Otolaryngology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Ying Gao
- Department of Endocrinology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Junqing Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
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Zhao X, Cao Y, Jin H, Wang X, Zhang L, Zhang Y, Yu Y, Huang Y, Gao Y, Zhang J. Hydrogen Sulfide Promotes Thyroid Hormone Synthesis and Secretion by Upregulating Sirtuin-1. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:838248. [PMID: 35222046 PMCID: PMC8866871 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.838248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: One mechanism of hypothyroidism involves the disruption of thyroid hormone synthesis and secretion by thyrocytes. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S), as a gas signaling molecule, participates in many physiopathologic processes by upregulating sirtuin-1 (SIRT1). The aim of the current study was to explore whether H2S promotes the synthesis and secretion of thyroid hormones by upregulating SIRT1. Methods: Real-time PCR and immunohistochemistry were used to detect the mRNA and protein expression of H2S-generating enzymes in normal human thyroid tissues. Serum H2S concentrations from hypothyroid patients (n = 32) and euthyroid participants (n = 41) were detected by H2S-selective sensors. Thirty-one Sprague–Dawley rats were divided into control group (n = 10), hypothyroid group (induced by MMI, n = 10) and hypothyroid + NaHS group (n = 11), and the FT4, TT4 and TSH levels were assayed. Human primary thyrocytes were incubated with H2S donor sodium hydrosulfide (NaHS) or NaHS plus SIRT1 inhibitor (EX527) in vitro. Thyroid hormone synthesis- and secretion-related proteins [thyroid peroxidase (TPO), sodium iodide transporter (NIS), Pendrin, monocarboxylic acid transporter 8 (MCT8)] were analyzed by real-time PCR and Western blot. Results: H2S levels in serum from hypothyroid patients were decreased compared to those from euthyroid participants (p < .05), and serum H2S levels were positively correlated with FT3, FT4, TT3, and TT4 levels in all subjects (all p < .0001). In vivo, NaHS promoted thyroid function in hypothyroid rats (p < .05). In vitro, H2S was detected in supernatant, and CBS mRNA was higher than CSE and 3-MPST in human primary thyrocytes (p < .05). The protein levels of TPO, NIS, Pendrin and MCT8 were upregulated in a concentration-dependent manner for NaHS in thyrocytes. After blocking SIRT1 with EX527, we found that the increasing levels of TPO, NIS, Pendrin, and MCT8 and TPO activity were downregulated in thyrocytes incubated with NaHS, and FT4 levels in the cell supernatant were also decreased significantly (all p < .05). Conclusion: H2S is mainly generated in thyrocytes by CBS. Serum H2S levels are decreased with hypothyroidism. H2S promotes the synthesis and secretion of thyroid hormones and the expression of related molecules by upregulating SIRT1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Zhao
- Department of Endocrinology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yedi Cao
- Department of Endocrinology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Hongfang Jin
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiuli Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Lanbo Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Yu
- Department of Endocrinology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Youyuan Huang
- Department of Endocrinology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Gao
- Department of Endocrinology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Ying Gao,
| | - Junqing Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
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Bordt EA, Shook LL, Atyeo C, Pullen KM, De Guzman RM, Meinsohn MC, Chauvin M, Fischinger S, Yockey LJ, James K, Lima R, Yonker LM, Fasano A, Brigida S, Bebell LM, Roberts DJ, Pépin D, Huh JR, Bilbo SD, Li JZ, Kaimal A, Schust DJ, Gray KJ, Lauffenburger D, Alter G, Edlow AG. Maternal SARS-CoV-2 infection elicits sexually dimorphic placental immune responses. Sci Transl Med 2021; 13:eabi7428. [PMID: 34664987 PMCID: PMC8784281 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.abi7428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
There is a persistent bias toward higher prevalence and increased severity of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in males. Underlying mechanisms accounting for this sex difference remain incompletely understood. Interferon responses have been implicated as a modulator of COVID-19 disease in adults and play a key role in the placental antiviral response. Moreover, the interferon response has been shown to alter Fc receptor expression and therefore may affect placental antibody transfer. Here, we examined the intersection of maternal-fetal antibody transfer, viral-induced placental interferon responses, and fetal sex in pregnant women infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Placental Fc receptor abundance, interferon-stimulated gene (ISG) expression, and SARS-CoV-2 antibody transfer were interrogated in 68 human pregnancies. Sexually dimorphic expression of placental Fc receptors, ISGs and proteins, and interleukin-10 was observed after maternal SARS-CoV-2 infection, with up-regulation of these features in placental tissue of pregnant individuals with male fetuses. Reduced maternal SARS-CoV-2–specific antibody titers and impaired placental antibody transfer were also observed in pregnancies with a male fetus. These results demonstrate fetal sex-specific maternal and placental adaptive and innate immune responses to SARS-CoV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evan A. Bordt
- Department of Pediatrics, Lurie Center for Autism, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02129, USA
| | - Lydia L. Shook
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Vincent Center for Reproductive Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Caroline Atyeo
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT, and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- PhD Program in Virology, Division of Medical Sciences, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Krista M. Pullen
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Rose M. De Guzman
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Vincent Center for Reproductive Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Marie-Charlotte Meinsohn
- Pediatric Surgical Research Laboratories, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Maeva Chauvin
- Pediatric Surgical Research Laboratories, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | | | - Laura J. Yockey
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Kaitlyn James
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Rosiane Lima
- Mucosal Immunology and Biology Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02129, USA
| | - Lael M. Yonker
- Mucosal Immunology and Biology Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02129, USA
| | - Alessio Fasano
- Mucosal Immunology and Biology Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02129, USA
- European Biomedical Research Institute of Salerno (EBRIS), Salerno, Italy
| | - Sara Brigida
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Vincent Center for Reproductive Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Lisa M. Bebell
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Drucilla J. Roberts
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - David Pépin
- Pediatric Surgical Research Laboratories, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Jun R. Huh
- Department of Immunology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Staci D. Bilbo
- Department of Pediatrics, Lurie Center for Autism, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02129, USA
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Jonathan Z. Li
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Anjali Kaimal
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Danny J. Schust
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Women’s Health, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65201, USA
| | - Kathryn J. Gray
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Douglas Lauffenburger
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Galit Alter
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT, and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Andrea G. Edlow
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Vincent Center for Reproductive Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
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Bordt EA, Shook LL, Atyeo C, Pullen KM, De Guzman RM, Meinsohn MC, Chauvin M, Fischinger S, Yockey LJ, James K, Lima R, Yonker LM, Fasano A, Brigida S, Bebell LM, Roberts DJ, Pépin D, Huh JR, Bilbo SD, Li JZ, Kaimal A, Schust D, Gray KJ, Lauffenburger D, Alter G, Edlow AG. Sexually dimorphic placental responses to maternal SARS-CoV-2 infection. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2021:2021.03.29.437516. [PMID: 33821279 PMCID: PMC8020979 DOI: 10.1101/2021.03.29.437516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
There is a persistent male bias in the prevalence and severity of COVID-19 disease. Underlying mechanisms accounting for this sex difference remain incompletely understood. Interferon responses have been implicated as a modulator of disease in adults, and play a key role in the placental anti-viral response. Moreover, the interferon response has been shown to alter Fc-receptor expression, and therefore may impact placental antibody transfer. Here we examined the intersection of viral-induced placental interferon responses, maternal-fetal antibody transfer, and fetal sex. Placental interferon stimulated genes (ISGs), Fc-receptor expression, and SARS-CoV-2 antibody transfer were interrogated in 68 pregnancies. Sexually dimorphic placental expression of ISGs, interleukin-10, and Fc receptors was observed following maternal SARS-CoV-2 infection, with upregulation in males. Reduced maternal SARS-CoV-2-specific antibody titers and impaired placental antibody transfer were noted in pregnancies with a male fetus. These results demonstrate fetal sex-specific maternal and placental adaptive and innate immune responses to SARS-CoV-2.
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Veloso-Teles R, Cerejeira R, Roque-Farinha R, Buchwald CV. Systemic Immune Profile in Patients With CRSwNP. EAR, NOSE & THROAT JOURNAL 2019; 100:554S-561S. [PMID: 31801366 DOI: 10.1177/0145561319893163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The immune pathogenesis of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) remains obscure. Our aim was to compare humoral immunity and white blood cell counts in patients with CRSwNP and controls. A prospective case-control study was carried out in 37 patients with CRSwNP and 34 controls without CRS. Clinical data were gathered through a systematic interview. Computed tomography scan, skin prick test, spirometry, and immunological parameters (leukocyte differential count, immunoglobulin classes, and immunoglobulin [Ig] G subclasses) in serum specimens were obtained. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS v.23. The prevalence of chronic lower respiratory diseases was greater in the CRSwNP group (P < .001), but atopic disease had no significant difference. A significantly higher eosinophil (P < .001) and basophil relative count (P = .022) and a lower relative neutrophil count (P = .013) were found among CRSwNP group. Patients with CRSwNP had higher IgG1 (P = .022), but lower IgG2 (P = .014) and IgG3 (P = .018) serum levels compared to controls; IgG4, total IgG, IgA, IgM, and IgE serum levels did not differ between groups, as well as the prevalence of immunoglobulin classes or IgG subclasses deficiency. The variation observed in peripheral relative leukocyte count and the systemic IgG1 subclass shift are similar to what is known to happen in nasal polyp tissue. A unique systemic immune profile seems to be present in patients with CRSwNP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafaela Veloso-Teles
- Faculty of Health Sciences, 70987University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Cova da Beira Hospital Centre (CHCB), Covilhã, Portugal.,Otorhinolaryngology 70987Unit of Beira Interior (UOBI), Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Rui Cerejeira
- Faculty of Health Sciences, 70987University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Cova da Beira Hospital Centre (CHCB), Covilhã, Portugal.,Otorhinolaryngology 70987Unit of Beira Interior (UOBI), Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Rosa Roque-Farinha
- Faculty of Health Sciences, 70987University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Christian von Buchwald
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery and Audiology, 53146Rigshospitalet-Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Veloso-Teles R, Cerejeira R, Rodrigues D, Roque-Farinha R, von Buchwald C. Food-Specific IgE and IgG Antibodies in Patients With Chronic Rhinosinusitis With Nasal Polyps: A Case-Control Study. EAR, NOSE & THROAT JOURNAL 2019; 100:177-184. [PMID: 31547710 DOI: 10.1177/0145561319867668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
EPOS 2012 states that investigation is needed to study a possible role for food allergy in the initiation and perpetuation of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP). Our main goal was to compare serum levels of food-specific immunoglobulin G (IgG) and IgE antibodies in patients with CRSwNP and controls. A prospective case-control study with 33 patients with CRSwNP and 31 controls without CRS was carried out. Clinical data were gathered through a systematic interview and blood sample was collected. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay tests using OmegaDiagnostics kit with 40 food allergens for detection of specific IgG antibodies were performed and food-specific IgE antibodies were determined by immunoassay using ImmunoCAP. Immunoglobulin classes and IgG subclasses levels were also evaluated. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS v.23. The overall sum of food IgG antibodies was significantly lower in CRSwNP compared to control group, and this difference was also observed for different specific IgG antibodies (corn, soya, grain legumes, pear and apple, berries, citric fruit). In controls, a positive correlation between IgG1 and the sum of food IgG antibodies was seen, but in CRSwNP group a negative correlation was found. In addition, a significant higher level of IgG1 and lower IgG2 and IgG3 was found among patients with CRSwNP. Levels of serum-specific IgE antibodies against multiallergen food mix (fx5) and against shrimp, strawberry, orange, rye, or egg yolk, as well as the sum of food IgE antibodies, did not differ significantly between the groups. These findings suggest that food allergy does not have an important role in CRSwNP etiopathogenesis, whether it is IgG or IgE mediated. Moreover, the observed suppression of specific IgG antibodies against food allergens, its negative correlation with IgG1 and the IgG1 switching in CRSwNP, can be related to deviated IgG responses against other targets (eg, airborne particles) and warrants future investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafaela Veloso-Teles
- Faculty of Health Sciences, 70987University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology, 162181Cova da Beira Hospital Centre (CHCB), Covilhã, Portugal.,Otorhinolaryngology Unit of Beira Interior (UOBI), Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Rui Cerejeira
- Faculty of Health Sciences, 70987University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology, 162181Cova da Beira Hospital Centre (CHCB), Covilhã, Portugal.,Otorhinolaryngology Unit of Beira Interior (UOBI), Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Débora Rodrigues
- Department of Clinical Pathology, 162181Cova da Beira Hospital Centre (CHCB), Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Rosa Roque-Farinha
- Faculty of Health Sciences, 70987University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Christian von Buchwald
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery and Audiology, Rigshospitalet-Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
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