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An M, Cheng X, Luo X, Yang T, Sun X, Xu J, Xiao D, Wu D, Liang H. Role of reactive manganese and oxygen species in the KMnO 4/Na 2SO 3 process for purification of algal-rich water and membrane fouling alleviation. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 260:119662. [PMID: 39043355 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.119662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2024] [Revised: 06/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024]
Abstract
Ultrafiltration (UF) is a highly efficient technique for algal-rich water purification, but it is heavily contaminated due to the complex water characteristics. To solve this problem, potassium permanganate (KMnO4) oxidation enhanced with sodium sulfite (Na2SO3) was proposed as a pretreatment means. The results showed that the end-normalized flux was elevated from 0.10 to 0.91, and the reversible fouling resistance was reduced by 99.95%. The membrane fouling mechanism also changed obviously, without the generation of cake filtration. Regarding the properties of algal-rich water, the zeta potential was decreased from -29.50 to -5.87 mV after KMnO4/Na2SO3 pretreatment, suggesting that the electrostatic repulsion was significantly reduced. Meanwhile, the fluorescent components in algal-rich water were significantly eliminated, and the removal of dissolved organic carbon was increased to 67.46%. In the KMnO4/Na2SO3 process, reactive manganese species (i.e., Mn(V), Mn(III) and MnO2) and reactive oxygen species (i.e., SO4•- and •OH) played major roles in purifying algal-rich water. Specifically, SO4•-, •OH, Mn(V) and Mn(III) could effectively oxidize algal pollutants. Simultaneously, the in-situ adsorption and coagulation of MnO2 could accelerate the formation of flocs by decreasing the electrostatic repulsion between cells, and protect the algal cells from being excessive oxidized. Overall, the KMnO4/Na2SO3 process showed significant potential for membrane fouling alleviation in purifying algal-rich water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei An
- School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan, 250101, PR China
| | - Xiaoxiang Cheng
- School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan, 250101, PR China.
| | - Xinsheng Luo
- School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan, 250101, PR China
| | - Tao Yang
- Institute of Carbon Peaking and Carbon Neutralization, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, 529020, PR China.
| | - Xianpeng Sun
- Qingdao Drainage Operation Service Center, Qingdao, 266000, PR China
| | - Jingtao Xu
- School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan, 250101, PR China
| | - Dao Xiao
- School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan, 250101, PR China
| | - Daoji Wu
- School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan, 250101, PR China; Resources and Environment Innovation Institute, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan, 250101, PR China
| | - Heng Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, PR China
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Yadav AA, Salekar SD, Thombre NV, Saxena GS, Patwardhan AV. Coke oven wastewater treatment using polymeric and ceramic membranes. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024:10.1007/s11356-024-33745-5. [PMID: 38777977 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-33745-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
This research is aimed to investigate the efficacy of membrane separation technology in treating coke oven wastewater (COW). A comparative study was conducted using three types of membranes: commercial polymeric (CP) membrane, commercial ceramic (CC) membrane, and synthesized ceramic (SC) membrane. The potential of the SC membrane in COW treatment was assessed in comparison to the CC membrane, which had a molecular weight cut-off (MWCO) of 1 Kilo-Dalton. The experiments were conducted under various trans-membrane pressure (TMP) conditions ranging from 1 to 4 bar. Additionally, the effect of the CP membrane on COW treatment was examined at TMP levels ranging from 5 to 25 bar. The research findings revealed that the SC membrane exhibited promising results in terms of permeability and flux compared to the CC membrane. Also, a significant reduction was observed in various water parameters such as TSS decreased by 89.74%, chlorides by 8.24%, nitrogen by 10%, and hardness by 22%. Moreover, the study was carried out by implementing an anti-fouling mechanism to mitigate fouling effects on membrane performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankita A Yadav
- Department of Fibres and Textile Processing Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai, 400019, India
| | - Shubham D Salekar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Bharati Vidyapeeth College of Engineering, Navi Mumbai, 400614, India
| | | | | | - Anand V Patwardhan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai, 400019, India.
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Gryta M, Woźniak P. The Resistance of Polyethersulfone Membranes on the Alkaline Cleaning Solutions. MEMBRANES 2024; 14:27. [PMID: 38392654 PMCID: PMC10890262 DOI: 10.3390/membranes14020027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
Polyethersulfone (PES) is a polymer popularly used to produce ultrafiltration (UF) membranes. PES is relatively hydrophobic; thus, hydrophilic ingredients are added to the membrane matrix to reduce the fouling intensity. Ingredients such as polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) reduce the resistance of PES to NaOH solutions. This study investigated the possibility of using PES membranes for the separation of alkaline cleaning solutions. For this purpose, self-made PES membranes and commercial ultrafiltration PES membranes (UE10-10 kDa and UE50-100 kDa) containing PVP additive were used. The membranes were soaked for 18 months in alkaline (pH = 11.3-11.5) solutions of car washing fluids. It has been found that long-term contact with these solutions caused changes in the structure of the surface layer, especially of membranes containing PVP. As a result, the separation of dextran (100-200 kDa) decreased by 30-40% for PES membranes, 30-40% for UE10 and 40-60% for UE50. Despite these changes, the separation efficiency (rejection of COD, NTU and anionic surfactants) of synthetic car wash wastewater (mixture of surfactants and hydrowax) was similar to the results obtained for pristine membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marek Gryta
- Faculty of Chemical Technology and Engineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, ul. Pułaskiego 10, 70-322 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Piotr Woźniak
- Faculty of Chemical Technology and Engineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, ul. Pułaskiego 10, 70-322 Szczecin, Poland
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Xiao H, Chen Z, Ding J, Zhang N, Ye Z, Xiao Z, Wang S, Xie P, Chen Y. Effective and low-toxicity: A membrane cleaning method using peroxymonosulfate catalytic chlorination. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 462:132827. [PMID: 37879274 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.132827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
In chemical membrane cleaning, the challenge is to efficiently remove irreversible fouling while minimizing the impact on membrane materials. Particularly, traditional hypochlorite cleaning will further lead to the generation of toxic halogenated by-products. To address these issues, a combined system composed of peroxymonosulfate and chloride (PMS/Cl-) was applied to clean irreversible-humic-acid-fouled polyethersulfone (PES) membranes. After fouled membranes were soaked for 1 h in a PMS/Cl- solution (10 mM/15 mM) at 25 °C under neutral conditions, 94% flux recovery and 96% resistance removal were realized. Surface properties of virgin and cleaned membranes were very similar, confirming the effectiveness of the PMS/Cl- solution in removing irreversible foulants. The stability of membrane separation performance during multiple fouling and cleaning cycles further confirmed the minimal impact on membrane materials. Rapid diminution of the peaks centered in the region of fulvic-like and humic-like components, monitored under 3D-fluorescence for the cleaning solution, was attributed to PMS-catalyzed chlorination, thereby revealing the primary foulant detachment mechanism. Crucially, the approach exhibited lower toxicity than hypochlorite, as evidenced by reduced halogenated by-products and lower acute toxicity to Photobacterium phosphoreum T3. Overall, this novel cleaning system is promising for the efficient and environmentally friendly removal of irreversible organic foulants in practical water-treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoliang Xiao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Water & Wastewater Treatment (MOHURD), Hubei Provincial Engineering Research Center for Water Quality Safety and Pollution Control, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Zhuqi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage, Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry and Service Failure, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Jiaqi Ding
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Water & Wastewater Treatment (MOHURD), Hubei Provincial Engineering Research Center for Water Quality Safety and Pollution Control, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China; Yangtze River Basin Ecological Environment Monitoring and Scientific Research Center, Yangtze River Basin Ecological Environment Supervision and Administration Bureau, Ministry of Ecological Environment, Wuhan 430010, China; School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | - Ning Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Water & Wastewater Treatment (MOHURD), Hubei Provincial Engineering Research Center for Water Quality Safety and Pollution Control, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Zhimin Ye
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Water & Wastewater Treatment (MOHURD), Hubei Provincial Engineering Research Center for Water Quality Safety and Pollution Control, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Zhonghua Xiao
- Hubei Industrial Construction Group Co., Ltd, Wuhan 430076, China
| | - Songlin Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Water & Wastewater Treatment (MOHURD), Hubei Provincial Engineering Research Center for Water Quality Safety and Pollution Control, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China.
| | - Pengchao Xie
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Water & Wastewater Treatment (MOHURD), Hubei Provincial Engineering Research Center for Water Quality Safety and Pollution Control, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Yongsheng Chen
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
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Jan A, Chen M, Nijboer M, Luiten-Olieman MWJ, Rietveld LC, Heijman SGJ. Effect of Long-Term Sodium Hypochlorite Cleaning on Silicon Carbide Ultrafiltration Membranes Prepared via Low-Pressure Chemical Vapor Deposition. MEMBRANES 2024; 14:22. [PMID: 38248712 PMCID: PMC10820315 DOI: 10.3390/membranes14010022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Sodium hypochlorite (NaClO) is widely used for the chemical cleaning of fouled ultrafiltration (UF) membranes. Various studies performed on polymeric membranes demonstrate that long-term (>100 h) exposure to NaClO deteriorates the physicochemical properties of the membranes, leading to reduced performance and service life. However, the effect of NaClO cleaning on ceramic membranes, particularly the number of cleaning cycles they can undergo to alleviate irreversible fouling, remains poorly understood. Silicon carbide (SiC) membranes have garnered widespread attention for water and wastewater treatment, but their chemical stability in NaClO has not been studied. Low-pressure chemical vapor deposition (LP-CVD) provides a simple and economical route to prepare/modify ceramic membranes. As such, LP-CVD facilitates the preparation of SiC membranes: (a) in a single step; and (b) at much lower temperatures (700-900 °C) in comparison with sol-gel methods (ca. 2000 °C). In this work, SiC ultrafiltration (UF) membranes were prepared via LP-CVD at two different deposition temperatures and pressures. Subsequently, their chemical stability in NaClO was investigated over 200 h of aging. Afterward, the properties and performance of as-prepared SiC UF membranes were evaluated before and after aging to determine the optimal deposition conditions. Our results indicate that the SiC UF membrane prepared via LP-CVD at 860 °C and 100 mTorr exhibited excellent resistance to NaClO aging, while the membrane prepared at 750 °C and 600 mTorr significantly deteriorated. These findings not only highlight a novel preparation route for SiC membranes in a single step via LP-CVD, but also provide new insights about the careful selection of LP-CVD conditions for SiC membranes to ensure their long-term performance and robustness under harsh chemical cleaning conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asif Jan
- Section of Sanitary Engineering, Department of Water Management, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Geosciences, Delft University of Technology, Stevinweg 1, 2628 CN Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Mingliang Chen
- Section of Sanitary Engineering, Department of Water Management, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Geosciences, Delft University of Technology, Stevinweg 1, 2628 CN Delft, The Netherlands
- Inorganic Membranes, MESA + Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Michiel Nijboer
- Inorganic Membranes, MESA + Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Mieke W J Luiten-Olieman
- Inorganic Membranes, MESA + Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Luuk C Rietveld
- Section of Sanitary Engineering, Department of Water Management, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Geosciences, Delft University of Technology, Stevinweg 1, 2628 CN Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Sebastiaan G J Heijman
- Section of Sanitary Engineering, Department of Water Management, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Geosciences, Delft University of Technology, Stevinweg 1, 2628 CN Delft, The Netherlands
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Cheng X, Song W, Tan F, Luo X, Zhu X, Yang T, Zhou Z, Xu J, Wu D, Liang H. Novel calcium hypochlorite/ferrous iron as an ultrafiltration membrane pretreatment process for purifying algae-laden water. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 240:117572. [PMID: 37939809 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
Algal fouling has become one of the most critical factors hindering the large-scale development of membrane processes in algae-laden water treatment. Herein, novel calcium hypochlorite (Ca(ClO)2)/ferrous iron (Fe(II)) process was proposed as an ultrafiltration (UF) membrane pretreatment technology, and its effects on membrane fouling and water properties were systematically studied. Results showed that the terminal specific fluxes were significantly elevated to 0.925 and 0.933, with the maximum removal ratios of reversible resistance reaching 99.65% and 96.99% for algae-laden water and extracellular organic matter (EOM), respectively. The formation of cake filtration was dramatically delayed, accompanied by a significant reduction of the adhesion free energy, and the contaminants attached to the membrane surface were effectively decomposed. With respect to water quality, the removal ratios of OD685 and turbidity achieved 81.25-95.31% and 90.16-97.72%, individually. The maximum removal rates of DOC, UV254 and fluorescent organics in influent water reached 46.14%, 55.17% and 75.77%, respectively. Furthermore, the generated reactive species (e.g., •OH, Cl•, Cl2•- and ClO•) could efficiently degrade EOM, which appreciably reduced the electrostatic repulsion between the algal foulants while ensuring the integrity of algal cells. At the Ca(ClO)2/Fe(II) dosage of 0.04/0.24 mM, the zeta potential changed from -32.9 mV to -10.8 mV, and a large range of aggregates was formed. The macromolecules in the algal solution were significantly removed, and the proportion of micromolecular organics was increased to some extent. Coagulation of in-situ formed Fe(III) dominated the membrane fouling mitigation, and the reactive species also contributed to the improvement of filtration performance. Overall, Ca(ClO)2/Fe(II) pretreatment has an exceptional prospect for efficient degradation of algal pollutants and enhancement of UF capability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxiang Cheng
- School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan, 250101, PR China; Resources and Environment Innovation Institute, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan, 250101, PR China
| | - Wenxin Song
- School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan, 250101, PR China
| | - Fengxun Tan
- School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan, 250101, PR China
| | - Xinsheng Luo
- School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan, 250101, PR China
| | - Xuewu Zhu
- School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan, 250101, PR China.
| | - Tao Yang
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, 529020, PR China.
| | - Zhiwei Zhou
- College of Architecture & Civil Engineering, Faculty of Urban Construction, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, PR China
| | - Jingtao Xu
- School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan, 250101, PR China
| | - Daoji Wu
- School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan, 250101, PR China; Resources and Environment Innovation Institute, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan, 250101, PR China
| | - Heng Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, PR China
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Shi J, Wang Y, Lu S, Wang J, Liu J. Pilot study on ceramic flat membrane bioreactor in treatment of coal chemical wastewater. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 347:140701. [PMID: 37967674 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
Some toxic and refractory pollutants in coal chemical wastewater can penetrate the biochemical treatment systems and cause high concentrations of suspended solids in the effluent, which may obstruct the subsequent advanced treatment. In this project, a submerged ceramic plate membrane system was integrated to the last oxic corridor of an existing multistage anoxic/oxic tank. In the ceramic flat membrane bioreactor, the influent chemical oxygen demand (COD) was 102.24-178.88 mg/L, with a removal ratio of approximately 30%. The NH3-N concentration in the effluent was relatively stable with an average value of 1.76 mg/L. The turbidity of the effluent was in the range of 0.235-0.852 NTU and was stable below 1 NTU. A flux of 30 L m-2·h-1 could meet the requirements of the pilot test. A gas-water ratio of 50:1 was found optimal. When the concentration of mixed liquor suspended solids (MLSS) was >3769 mg/L, the extracellular polymeric substance in the mixed solution was utilized by microorganisms as a substrate. High MLSS decreased membrane fouling rate. NaClO backwashing can effectively remove pollutants without adversely affecting the treatment efficiency of membrane bioreactors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingxin Shi
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China.
| | - Yarui Wang
- Changwang School of Honors, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China
| | - Simin Lu
- College of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Jiahui Wang
- Changwang School of Honors, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China
| | - Jingchun Liu
- Shanghai Municipal Engineering Design and Research Institute (Group) Co., Ltd, Shanghai, 744000, China.
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Xu B, Gao W, Liao B, Bai H, Qiao Y, Turek W. A Review of Temperature Effects on Membrane Filtration. MEMBRANES 2023; 14:5. [PMID: 38248695 PMCID: PMC10819527 DOI: 10.3390/membranes14010005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Membrane technology plays a vital role in drinking water and wastewater treatments. Among a number of factors affecting membrane performance, temperature is one of the dominant factors determining membrane performance. In this review, the impact of temperature on membrane structure, fouling, chemical cleaning, and membrane performance is reviewed and discussed with a particular focus on cold temperature effects. The findings from the literature suggest that cold temperatures have detrimental impacts on membrane structure, fouling, and chemical cleaning, and thus could negatively affect membrane filtration operations and performance, while warm and hot temperatures might expand membrane pores, increase membrane flux, improve membrane chemical cleaning efficiency, and interfere with biological processes in membrane bioreactors. The research gaps, challenges, and directions of temperature effects are identified and discussed indepth. Future studies focusing on the impact of temperature on membrane processes used in water and wastewater treatment and the development of methods that could reduce the adverse effect of temperature on membrane operations are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bochao Xu
- Department of Civil Engineering, Lakehead University, 955 Oliver Road, Thunder Bay, ON P7B 5E1, Canada;
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Lakehead University, 955 Oliver Road, Thunder Bay, ON P7B 5E1, Canada
| | - Wa Gao
- Department of Civil Engineering, Lakehead University, 955 Oliver Road, Thunder Bay, ON P7B 5E1, Canada;
| | - Baoqiang Liao
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Lakehead University, 955 Oliver Road, Thunder Bay, ON P7B 5E1, Canada
| | - Hao Bai
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Lakehead University, 955 Oliver Road, Thunder Bay, ON P7B 5E1, Canada; (H.B.); (Y.Q.)
| | - Yuhang Qiao
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Lakehead University, 955 Oliver Road, Thunder Bay, ON P7B 5E1, Canada; (H.B.); (Y.Q.)
| | - Walter Turek
- Environment Division, City of Thunder Bay, Victoriaville Civic Centre, 111 Syndicate Ave S., Thunder Bay, ON P7E 6S4, Canada;
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Zhang F, Xiong J, Zhang C, Wu X, Tian Y. Removal of Algae and Algal Toxins from a Drinking Water Source Using a Two-Stage Polymeric Ultrafiltration Membrane Process. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:4495. [PMID: 38231918 PMCID: PMC10708023 DOI: 10.3390/polym15234495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
The release of algal toxins in algae-containing water sources poses a serious threat to drinking water safety and human health. The conventional water treatment processes of water plants have a limited ability to remove algae and algal toxins, especially algal toxins with a molecular weight (MW) of less than 1000 Da. To eliminate algal pollution from a water source, a two-stage ultrafiltration (UF) process with a large polysulfone hollow fiber membrane with a MW cut-off of 200 kDa and a small aromatic polyamide roll membrane with a MW cut-off of 1 kDa were applied after a traditional sand filter in a water treatment plant. UF operation conditions, including the operating time, pressure, and membrane flux, were investigated. With an operating pressure of 0.05-0.08 MPa, the polysulfone hollow fiber membrane removed algae effectively, as the influent algal cell concentration ranged from 1-30 cells/mL but exhibited a limited removal of algal toxins. With an operating pressure of 0.3-0.4 MPa, the elimination of microcystins (MCs) reached 96.3% with the aromatic polyamide roll membrane. The operating pressure, membrane flux, and operating time were selected as the experimental factors, and the effects on the UF efficiency to remove algal toxins and biodegradable dissolved organic carbon were investigated by the response surface methodology. The model showed that the order of influence on the membrane operating efficiency was operating pressure > membrane flux > running time. The optimal UF operating conditions were an operating pressure of 0.3 MPa, a membrane flux of 17.5 L/(m2·h), and a running time of 80 min.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Zhang
- Ecology and Environment Bureau of Huzhou, Changxing Branch, Huzhou 313100, China
| | - Jianglei Xiong
- China Electronics System Engineering No.2 Construction Co., Ltd., Wuxi 214115, China
| | - Cong Zhang
- School of Civil Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Xue Wu
- School of Civil Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Yuming Tian
- Jiangsu China Electronics Innovation Environmental Technology Co., Ltd., Wuxi 214142, China
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Su R, Guo X, Cheng S, Zhang Z, Yang H, Wang J, Song L, Liu Z, Wang Y, Lü X, Shi C. Inactivation of Salmonella using ultrasound in combination with Litsea cubeba essential oil nanoemulsion and its bactericidal application on cherry tomatoes. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2023; 98:106481. [PMID: 37336076 PMCID: PMC10300259 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2023.106481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
The presence of Salmonella in nature poses a significant and unacceptable threat to the human public health domain. In this study, the antibacterial effect and mechanism of ultrasound (US) combined with Litsea cubeba essential oil nanoemulsion (LEON) on Salmonella. LEON + US treatment has a significant bactericidal effect on Salmonella. Reactive oxygen species (ROS), malondialdehyde (MDA) detection, N-phenyl-l-naphthylamine (NPN) uptake and nucleic acid release assays showed that LEON + US exacerbated cell membrane lipid peroxidation and increased the permeability of the cell membrane. The results of field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) showed that LEON + US treatment was able to alter cell morphology. It can be observed by flow cytometry (FCM) that LEON + US treatment can cause cell apoptosis. In addition, bacterial counts of cherry tomatoes treated with LEON (0.08 μL/mL) + US (345 W/cm2) for 9 min were reduced by 6.50 ± 0.20 log CFU/mL. This study demonstrates that LEON + US treatment can be an effective way to improve the safety of fruits and vegetables in the food industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiying Su
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Xinyi Guo
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Shuai Cheng
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Ziruo Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Hui Yang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Jingzi Wang
- School of Science, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Luyi Song
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Zhande Liu
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yutang Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Xin Lü
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Chao Shi
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
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11
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Li B, Wang Z, Xia S, Zhang B, Li W, Qiu W, Ma J, Ding A, He X. CaO2-based tablet for effective and green membrane cleaning without additional catalysts. J Memb Sci 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2023.121466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
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12
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Zhang J, Li G, Yuan X, Li P, Yu Y, Yang W, Zhao S. Reduction of Ultrafiltration Membrane Fouling by the Pretreatment Removal of Emerging Pollutants: A Review. MEMBRANES 2023; 13:membranes13010077. [PMID: 36676884 PMCID: PMC9862110 DOI: 10.3390/membranes13010077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 12/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Ultrafiltration (UF) processes exhibit high removal efficiencies for suspended solids and organic macromolecules, while UF membrane fouling is the biggest obstacle affecting the wide application of UF technology. To solve this problem, various pretreatment measures, including coagulation, adsorption, and advanced oxidation, for application prior to UF processes have been proposed and applied in actual water treatment processes. Previously, researchers mainly focused on the contribution of natural macromolecular pollutants to UF membrane fouling, while the mechanisms of the influence of emerging pollutants (EPs) in UF processes (such as antibiotics, microplastics, antibiotic resistance genes, etc.) on membrane fouling still need to be determined. This review introduces the removal efficiency and separation mechanism for EPs for pretreatments combined with UF membrane separation technology and evaluates the degree of membrane fouling based on the UF membrane's materials/pores and the structural characteristics of the cake layer. This paper shows that the current membrane separation process should be actively developed with the aim of overcoming specific problems in order to meet the technical requirements for the efficient separation of EPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianguo Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, China
| | - Gaotian Li
- School of Mechanics and Civil Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China
| | - Xingcheng Yuan
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, China
| | - Panpan Li
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, China
| | - Yongfa Yu
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, China
| | - Weihua Yang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, China
| | - Shuang Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, China
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13
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Alvarado-Ávila M, Toledo-Carrillo E, Dutta J. Cerium Oxide on a Fluorinated Carbon-Based Electrode as a Promising Catalyst for Hypochlorite Production. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:37465-37475. [PMID: 36312353 PMCID: PMC9608405 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c04248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) is widely used as a disinfectant agent for water treatment and surface cleaning. A straightforward way to produce NaOCl is by the electrolysis of an aqueous sodium chloride (NaCl) solution. This process presents several side reactions decreasing its efficiency with hypochlorite reduction on the cathode surface being one of the main detrimental reactions. In this work, we have studied carbon-based electrodes modified with cerium oxide (CeO2), fluorine, and platinum nanoparticles as cathodes for hypochlorite production. Fluorination was carried out electrochemically; the polyol method was used to synthesize platinum nanoparticles; and the hydrothermal process was applied to form a CeO2 layer. Scanning electron microscopy, FTIR, and inductively coupled plasma (ICP) indicated the presence of cerium oxide as a film, fluorine groups on the substrate, and a load of 3.2 mg/cm2 of platinum nanoparticles and 2.7 mg/cm2 of CeO2. From electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, it was possible to demonstrate that incorporating platinum and fluorine decreases the charge transfer resistance by 16% and 28%, respectively. Linear sweep voltammetry showed a significant decrease in hypochlorite reduction when the substrate was doped with fluorine from -16.6 mA/cm2 at -0.6 V to -9.64 mA/cm2 that further reduced to -8.78 mA/cm2 with cerium oxide covered fluorinated electrodes. The performance of the cathode materials during hypochlorite production improved by 80% compared with pristine activated carbon cloth (ACC) electrodes. The improvement toward hindering NaOCl reduction is probably caused by the incorporation of a partial negative charge upon doping with fluorine.
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14
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Yang M, Lotfikatouli S, Chen Y, Li T, Ma H, Mao X, Hsiao BS. Nanostructured all-cellulose membranes for efficient ultrafiltration of wastewater. J Memb Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2022.120422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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15
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Krishnan S, Nasrullah M, Kamyab H, Suzana N, Munaim MSA, Wahid ZA, Ali IH, Salehi R, Chaiprapat S. Fouling characteristics and cleaning approach of ultrafiltration membrane during xylose reductase separation. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2022; 45:1125-1136. [PMID: 35469027 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-022-02726-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Many operating parameters of ultrafiltration (UF) are playing a crucial role when using a polyethersulfone membrane to separate xylose reductase (XR) enzyme from reaction mixtures during xylitol synthesis. The present study focuses on the separation of XR enzyme using a cross-flow ultrafiltration (UF) membrane. The filtration process was analyzed using the three effective variables such as filtration time, cross-flow velocity (CFV), and the transmembrane pressure (TMP), which were ranging from 0 to 100 min, 0.52 to 1.2 cm/s and 1-1.6 bar, respectively. Then, using the resistance in series model, the hydraulic resistance for alkali chemical cleaning during XR separation was estimated. During separation, increased TMP showed a positive-flux effect as a driving force, however, fouling and polarized layer were more prominent under higher TMP. Increased CFV, on the other hand, was found more efficient in fouling control. In terms of the membrane cleaning techniques, an alkaline solution containing 0.1 M sodium hydroxide was shown to be the most effective substance in removing foulants from the membrane surface in this investigation. Cleaning with an alkaline solution resulted in a maximum flux recovery of 93% for xylose reductase separation. This work may serve as a useful guide to better understand the optimization parameters during XR separation and alleviating UF membrane fouling induced during XR separation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santhana Krishnan
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, PSU Energy Systems Research Institute (PERIN), Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, 90110, Thailand
| | - Mohd Nasrullah
- Faculty of Civil Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Gambang, Malaysia
| | - Hesam Kamyab
- Malaysia-Japan International Institute of Technology, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Jalan Sultan Yahya Petra, 54100, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.,Department of Biomaterials, Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, 600 077, India
| | - Noor Suzana
- Faculty of Civil Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Gambang, Malaysia
| | | | - Zularisam Ab Wahid
- Faculty of Civil Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Gambang, Malaysia
| | - Ismat H Ali
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha, 61413, Saudi Arabia
| | - Reza Salehi
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, PSU Energy Systems Research Institute (PERIN), Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, 90110, Thailand
| | - Sumate Chaiprapat
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, PSU Energy Systems Research Institute (PERIN), Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, 90110, Thailand.
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16
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NaCl precleaning of microfiltration membranes fouled with oil-in-water emulsions: Impact on fouling dislodgment. Sep Purif Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2021.120353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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17
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Cheng X, Wang S, Huang W, Wang F, Fang S, Ge R, Zhang Q, Zhang L, Du W, Fang F, Feng Q, Cao J, Luo J. Current status of hypochlorite technology on the wastewater treatment and sludge disposal: Performance, principals and prospects. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 803:150085. [PMID: 34525771 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.150085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 08/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
As cost-effective and high-efficient oxidants, the hypochlorite chemicals have been widely utilized for bleaching and disinfection. However, its potential applications in wastewater treatment and sludge disposal were less concerned. This paper mainly summarized the state-of-the-art applications of hypochlorite technology in wastewater and sludge treatment based on the main influencing factors and potential mechanisms of hypochlorite treatment. The results indicated that the hypochlorite approaches were not only effective in pollutants removal and membrane fouling mitigation for wastewater treatment, but also contributed to sludge dewatering and resource recovery for sludge disposal. The ClO- and large generated free active radicals (i.e., reactive chlorine species and reactive oxygen species), which possessed strong oxidative ability, were the primary contributors to the pollutants decomposition, and colloids/microbes flocs disintegration during the hypochlorite treatment process. The performance of hypochlorite treatment was highly associated with various factors (i.e., pH, temperature, hypochlorite types and dosage). In combination with the reasonable activators (i.e., Fe2+ and ultraviolet), auxiliary agents, and innovative processes (i.e., hydrothermal and electro-oxidation), the operational performance of hypochlorite technology could be further enhanced. Finally, the feasibility and benefits of hypochlorite application for wastewater and sludge treatment were analyzed, and the existing challenges and future research efforts that need to be made have also prospected. The review can hopefully provide a theoretical basis and technical guidance to extend the application of hypochlorite technology for wastewater treatment and sludge disposal on large scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoshi Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Suna Wang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Wenxuan Huang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Feng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Shiyu Fang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Ran Ge
- College of Harbor, Coastal and Offshore Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Qin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Le Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Wei Du
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Fang Fang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Qian Feng
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Jiashun Cao
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Jingyang Luo
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China.
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18
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Jiang B, Zeng Q, Hou Y, Li H, Shi S, Chen Z, Cui Y, Hu D, Ge H, Che S, Sui Y, Qi Y. The responses of activated sludge to membrane cleaning reagent H 2O 2 and protection of extracellular polymeric substances. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 203:111817. [PMID: 34352233 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.111817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is evaluated as a potential replacement for chlorine to control biofouling in membrane bioreactors (MBRs). However, H2O2 might diffuse into the mixed liquor and damage microorganisms during membrane cleaning. This study comprehensively analyzed the impacts of H2O2 on microbes. Key enzymes involved in phenol biodegradation were inhibited with H2O2 concentration increased, and thus phenol degradation efficiency was decreased. Increase of lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) and intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) indicated more severe cell rupture with H2O2 concentration increased. At the same H2O2 concentration, Extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) extraction further led to inhibiting the activity of key enzymes, decreasing phenol degradation efficiency, and enhancing LDH release and ROS production, demonstrating that the existence of EPS moderated the adverse impacts on microbes. Spectroscopic characterization revealed the increase of H2O2 decreased tryptophan protein-like substances, protein-associated bonds and polysaccharide-associated bonds. Hydroxyl and amide groups in EPS were attacked, which might lead to the consumption of H2O2, indicated EPS protect the microorganism through sacrificial reaction with H2O2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bei Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioresources Utilization, Ministry of Education, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian, 116600, China; College of Environment and Resources, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian, 116600, China.
| | - Qianzhi Zeng
- School of Life Science, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, 116081, China
| | - Yuan Hou
- School of Life Science, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, 116081, China
| | - Hongxin Li
- School of Life Science, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, 116081, China
| | - Shengnan Shi
- School of Life Science, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, 116081, China
| | - Zhaobo Chen
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioresources Utilization, Ministry of Education, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian, 116600, China; College of Environment and Resources, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian, 116600, China
| | - Yubo Cui
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioresources Utilization, Ministry of Education, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian, 116600, China; College of Environment and Resources, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian, 116600, China
| | - Dongxue Hu
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioresources Utilization, Ministry of Education, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian, 116600, China; College of Environment and Resources, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian, 116600, China
| | - Hui Ge
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioresources Utilization, Ministry of Education, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian, 116600, China; College of Environment and Resources, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian, 116600, China
| | - Shun Che
- Yingkou Port Group CORP, Yingkou, 115007, China
| | - Yanan Sui
- Yingkou Port Group CORP, Yingkou, 115007, China
| | - Yu Qi
- Yingkou Port Group CORP, Yingkou, 115007, China
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19
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Xue W, He Y, Yumunthama S, Udomkittayachai N, Hu Y, Tabucanon AS, Zhang X, Kurniawan TA. Membrane cleaning and performance insight of osmotic microbial fuel cell. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 285:131549. [PMID: 34710965 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Osmotic microbial fuel cell (OsMFC) integrating forward osmosis into microbial fuel cell (MFC) favors the merits of organic removal, bioenergy generation, and high-quality water extraction from wastewater. This study demonstrated an 18.7% power density enhancement over a conventional MFC due to the water-flux-facilitated proton advection and net positive charge (NPC)-flux-promoted countercurrent proton exchange. Among the three examined membrane cleaning methods, chemical cleaning using 0.2% NaClO was found to be especially effective in removing organic foulants composed of proteins and polysaccharides, resulting in a water flux recovery of up to 91.6% with minimal impact on average maximum power density and internal resistance. The effects of operating parameters including anode HRT and draw solution concentration were studied. Shortening HRT from 6.0 to 3.0 h increased power density by 78.0% due to a high organic loading rate and a slightly reduced polarization concentration. Increasing draw solution concentration from 0.2 to 1.0 M NaCl enhanced power density by approximately 2.7-fold due to enhanced proton advection. Water-flux-facilitated proton advection played a more important role in determining the electricity generation performance of OsMFC than the NPC-flux-promoted countercurrent proton exchange under varied operating conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenchao Xue
- Department of Energy, Environment, and Climate Change, School of Environment, Resources, and Development, Asian Institute of Technology, P.O. Box 4, Klong Luang, Pathumthani, 12120, Thailand.
| | - Yifan He
- Department of Energy, Environment, and Climate Change, School of Environment, Resources, and Development, Asian Institute of Technology, P.O. Box 4, Klong Luang, Pathumthani, 12120, Thailand
| | - Sahawat Yumunthama
- Department of Energy, Environment, and Climate Change, School of Environment, Resources, and Development, Asian Institute of Technology, P.O. Box 4, Klong Luang, Pathumthani, 12120, Thailand
| | - Nutkritta Udomkittayachai
- Department of Energy, Environment, and Climate Change, School of Environment, Resources, and Development, Asian Institute of Technology, P.O. Box 4, Klong Luang, Pathumthani, 12120, Thailand
| | - Yunxia Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin Polytechnic University, Tianjin, 300387, China
| | | | - Xiaoyuan Zhang
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Tonni Agustiono Kurniawan
- Department of Energy, Environment, and Climate Change, School of Environment, Resources, and Development, Asian Institute of Technology, P.O. Box 4, Klong Luang, Pathumthani, 12120, Thailand; Key Laboratory of the Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems (Xiamen University), Ministry of Education, College of Ecology and the Environment, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
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20
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Golgoli M, Khiadani M, Shafieian A, Sen TK, Hartanto Y, Johns ML, Zargar M. Microplastics fouling and interaction with polymeric membranes: A review. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 283:131185. [PMID: 34144295 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The emergence and accumulation of microplastics (MPs) in various aquatic environments have recently raised significant concerns. Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) have been identified as one of the major sources of MPs discharge to the environment, implying a substantial need to improve advanced techniques for more efficient removal of MPs. Polymeric membranes have been proven effective in MPs removal. However, fouling is the main drawback of membrane processes and MPs can foul the membranes due to their small size and specific surface properties. Hence, it is important to investigate the impacts of MPs on membrane fouling to develop efficient membrane-based techniques for MPs removal. Although membrane technologies have a high potential for MPs removal, the interaction of MPs with membranes and their fouling effects have not been critically reviewed. The purpose of this paper is to provide a state-of-the-art review of MPs interaction with membranes and facilitate a better understanding of the relevant limitations and prospects of the membrane technologies. The first section of this paper is dedicated to a review of recent studies on MPs occurrence in WWTPs aiming to determine the most frequent MPs. This is followed by a summary of recent studies on MPs removal using membranes and discussions on the impact of MPs on membrane fouling and other probable issues (abrasion, concentration polarisation, biofouling, etc.). Finally, some recommendations for further research in this area are highlighted. This study serves as a valuable reference for future research on the development of anti-fouling membranes considering these new emerging contaminates.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Golgoli
- School of Engineering, Edith Cowan University, 270 Joondalup Drive, Joondalup, WA, 6027, Australia
| | - M Khiadani
- School of Engineering, Edith Cowan University, 270 Joondalup Drive, Joondalup, WA, 6027, Australia
| | - A Shafieian
- School of Engineering, Edith Cowan University, 270 Joondalup Drive, Joondalup, WA, 6027, Australia
| | - T K Sen
- School of Engineering, Edith Cowan University, 270 Joondalup Drive, Joondalup, WA, 6027, Australia
| | - Y Hartanto
- Materials and Process Engineering (iMMC-IMAP), UC Louvain, Place Sainte Barbe 2, 1348, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - M L Johns
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - M Zargar
- School of Engineering, Edith Cowan University, 270 Joondalup Drive, Joondalup, WA, 6027, Australia.
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21
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Cheng X, Lian J, Ren Z, Hou C, Jin Y, Zhang L, Zhu X, Luo C, Wu D, Liang H. Coupling sodium percarbonate (SPC) oxidation and coagulation for membrane fouling mitigation in algae-laden water treatment. WATER RESEARCH 2021; 204:117622. [PMID: 34507023 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2021.117622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
To alleviate algal fouling in membrane water treatment processes, conventional technologies such as coagulation with poly aluminum chloride (PACl) has been widely adopted by many drinking water treatment plants. However, coagulation alone exhibited relatively weak removal effect for algal pollutants, and the coagulant residues due to the excess dosage also raised concerns. Thus, a novel process of coupling sodium percarbonate (SPC) oxidation and PACl coagulation was proposed, integrated with membrane filtration for algae-laden water treatment. The dosages of PACl and SPC were optimized, and the SPC dosing strategies were systematically compared. The changes in the characteristics of algal pollutants were investigated, and the results revealed that the resistance of algal foulants to aggregation was decreased, and the particle size of algal foulants became larger. With the synergism of coagulation and oxidation, the degradation of fluorescent organics was strengthened, and macromolecular biopolymers were decomposed into low molecular weight organics. The fouling control efficiency was further explored, and the results indicated that both irreversible and reversible fouling were effectively controlled, among which PACl/SPC (simultaneous treatment) performed best with the irreversible fouling reduced by 90.5%, while the efficiency of SPC-PACl (SPC followed by PACl) was relatively lower (57.3%). The fouling mechanism was altered by slowing the formation of cake filtration, and the reduction of algal cells played a more important role for the fouling alleviation. The interface properties of contaminated membranes (i.e., functional groups, images, and micromorphology) were characterized, and the efficiency of the proposed strategy was further verified. The proposed strategy exhibits great application values for improving membrane performance during algae-laden water treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxiang Cheng
- School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan 250101, PR China; Resources and Environment Innovation Institute, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan 250101, PR China
| | - Jinchuan Lian
- School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan 250101, PR China
| | - Zixiao Ren
- School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan 250101, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, PR China
| | - Chengsi Hou
- School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan 250101, PR China
| | - Yan Jin
- School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan 250101, PR China
| | - Lijie Zhang
- School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan 250101, PR China
| | - Xuewu Zhu
- School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan 250101, PR China
| | - Congwei Luo
- School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan 250101, PR China; Resources and Environment Innovation Institute, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan 250101, PR China.
| | - Daoji Wu
- School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan 250101, PR China; Resources and Environment Innovation Institute, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan 250101, PR China
| | - Heng Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, PR China
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22
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Li K, Su Q, Li S, Wen G, Huang T. Aging of PVDF and PES ultrafiltration membranes by sodium hypochlorite: Effect of solution pH. J Environ Sci (China) 2021; 104:444-455. [PMID: 33985746 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2020.12.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2020] [Revised: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Sodium hypochlorite (NaClO) is a commonly applied cleaning agent for ultrafiltration membranes in water and wastewater treatment. Long-term exposure to NaClO might change the properties and performance of polymeric membranes, and ultimately shorten membrane lifespan. Active species in NaClO solution vary with solution pH, and the aging effects can change depending on the membrane material. In this study, the aging of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) and polyethersulfone (PES) membranes by NaClO at pH 3-11 was investigated by examining variations in chemical composition, surface charge, surface morphology, mechanical strength, permeability, and retention ability. Polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP), which was blended in both membranes, was oxidized and dislodged due to NaClO aging at all investigated pH values, but the oxidation products and dislodgement ratio of PVP varied with solution pH. For the PVDF membrane, NaClO aging at pH 3-11 caused a moderate increase in permeability and decreased retention due to the oxidation and release of PVP. The tensile strength decreased only at pH 11 because of the defluorination of PVDF molecules. For the PES membrane, NaClO aging at all investigated pH resulted in chain scission of PES molecules, which was favored at pH 7 and 9, potentially due to the formation of free radicals. Therefore, a decrease in tensile strength and retention ability, as well as an increase in permeability, occurred in the PES membrane for NaClO aging at pH 3-11. Overall, the results can provide a basis for selecting chemical cleaning conditions for PVDF and PES membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Li
- Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Qian Su
- Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Shu Li
- Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Gang Wen
- Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Tinglin Huang
- Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China.
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23
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Lin D, Bai L, Xu D, Zhang H, Guo T, Li G, Liang H. Effects of oxidation on humic-acid-enhanced gypsum scaling in different nanofiltration phases: Performance, mechanisms and prediction by differential log-transformed absorbance spectroscopy. WATER RESEARCH 2021; 195:116989. [PMID: 33721676 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2021.116989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Revised: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of oxidation on humic-acid-enhanced gypsum scaling in different nanofiltration phases, including the short-term membrane flux behaviors and the long-term ones. On the basic of correlation analysis between the changing physicochemical properties of feed solution and membrane fouling, the inner mechanisms were revealed from aspects of bulk crystallization (interaction between humic acid and inorganic ions) and surface crystallization (compositions and morphologies of surface crystallization). Furthermore, the reliability of applicating differential log-transformed absorbance spectroscopy for predicting membrane fouling was also systematically evaluated. There was an upward trend in short-term membrane fouling with increasing dosage of NaClO, while long-term membrane fouling decreased after an initial increase. During short-term filtration, the enhanced combination between inorganic ions and the humic acid with stronger density of carboxyl groups, which was generated more easily under stronger oxidation conditions, favored the earlier appearance of flux decline. During long-term filtration, the size of bulk crystallization depended on the total content of carboxyl groups in feed solution. Both of them increased firstly and then decreased with increasing oxidation. The terminal fouling layer resistance also shared a similar tendency with them, because the deposition of bulk crystallization on membranes and the formation of dense scaling layer were the direct reasons for the long-term membrane fouling. Furthermore, the differential log-transformed absorbance spectroscopy was proven to be an efficient approach to predict short-term membrane fouling, especially in the wavelength range of 260 to 280 nm. This research could not only provide guidance on alleviating oxidation-enhanced membrane fouling in nanofiltration but also propose an efficient way to predict the membrane fouling which was influenced by the interaction between organic matters and inorganic ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dachao Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment (SKLUWRE), School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, P.R. China.
| | - Langming Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment (SKLUWRE), School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, P.R. China.
| | - Daliang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment (SKLUWRE), School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, P.R. China.
| | - Han Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment (SKLUWRE), School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, P.R. China.
| | - Tiecheng Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment (SKLUWRE), School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, P.R. China.
| | - Guibai Li
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment (SKLUWRE), School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, P.R. China.
| | - Heng Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment (SKLUWRE), School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, P.R. China.
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24
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UF fouling behavior of allelopathy of extracellular organic matter produced by mixed algae co-cultures. Sep Purif Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2020.118297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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25
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Zhang Y, Wang T, Meng J, Lei J, Zheng X, Wang Y, Zhang J, Cao X, Li X, Qiu X, Xue J. A novel conductive composite membrane with polypyrrole (PPy) and stainless-steel mesh: Fabrication, performance, and anti-fouling mechanism. J Memb Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2020.118937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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26
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Ding H, Zhang J, He H, Zhu Y, Dionysiou DD, Liu Z, Zhao C. Do membrane filtration systems in drinking water treatment plants release nano/microplastics? THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 755:142658. [PMID: 33045597 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Revised: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Drinking water treatment plants (DWTPs) are thought to be able to remove many micropollutants including nanoplastics (NPs) and microplastics (MPs). However, few studies have focused on the water treatment process itself producing NPs and/or MPs. This paper discussed the possibility of releasing NPs and MPs from organic membranes in drinking water treatment plants. The effects of physical cleaning, chemical agents, mechanical stress, aging, and wear on the possibility of membrane breach during long-term use were analyzed. Further analysis based on membrane aging mechanisms and material properties revealed that the membrane filtration systems could release NPs/MPs to drinking water supply networks. Although the toxicity of membrane materials to human body needs further study, the action that should be taken to treat the release of NPs/MPs in DWTPs cannot be ignored: (1) in-depth study of the generation and release mechanisms of NPs/MPs; (2) reconsideration of membrane life cycle design; (3) determination of NPs/MPs concentration limits in drinking water through toxicity assessment; (4) accelerating development of biomembrane and inorganic membrane materials; and (5) unification of NPs/MPs sampling and testing standard. Accordingly, more research needs to be conducted to investigate the release of NPs and/or MPs from DWTPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haojie Ding
- National Centre for International Research of Low-carbon and Green Buildings, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, PR China; Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, PR China
| | - Jian Zhang
- School of Water Conservancy and Architectural Engineering, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, PR China
| | - Huan He
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, PR China
| | - Ying Zhu
- National Centre for International Research of Low-carbon and Green Buildings, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, PR China; Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, PR China
| | - Dionysios D Dionysiou
- Environmental Engineering and Science Program, Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering (DChEE), University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221-0012, United States
| | - Zhen Liu
- National Centre for International Research of Low-carbon and Green Buildings, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, PR China; School of River and Ocean Engineering, Chongqing Jiaotong University, Chongqing 400074, PR China.
| | - Chun Zhao
- National Centre for International Research of Low-carbon and Green Buildings, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, PR China; Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, PR China.
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27
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Ding J, Nie H, Wang S, Chen Y, Wan Y, Wang J, Xiao H, Yue S, Ma J, Xie P. Transformation of acetaminophen in solution containing both peroxymonosulfate and chlorine: Performance, mechanism, and disinfection by-product formation. WATER RESEARCH 2021; 189:116605. [PMID: 33189970 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2020.116605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Revised: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
With the fast development of peroxymonosulfate (PMS)-dominating processes in drinking water and wastewater treatment, residual PMS is easy to come across chlorine as these processes are usually followed by secondary chlorine disinfection. The synergistic effect of PMS and chlorine on the degradation of micro-organic pollutants is investigated by selecting acetaminophen (ACT) as a reference compound for the first time in this study. Unlike conventional PMS or chlorine activation which generates reactive species such as hydroxyl radical (HO•), sulfate radical (SO4•-), chlorine radical (Cl•), and singlet oxygen (1O2), the efficient ACT removal is attributed to the direct catalytic chlorination by PMS due to the significantly enhanced consumption of chlorine along with negligible change of PMS concentration at neutral condition, and the same reaction pathways in both PMS/chlorine and chlorine processes. The kinetic study demonstrates that ACT oxidation by PMS/chlorine follows second order reaction, and the degradation efficiency can be promoted at alkaline conditions with peak rate constants at pH 9.0-10.0. The presence of chloride can enhance the removal of ACT, while ammonium and humic acid significantly retard ACT degradation. Higher formation of selected disinfection by-products (DBPs) is observed in the PMS/chlorine process than in the sole chlorination. This study highlights the important role of PMS in organic pollutants degradation and DBPs formation during the chlorination process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Ding
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China; School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | - Hui Nie
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Songlin Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Yongsheng Chen
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | - Ying Wan
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Jingwen Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Haoliang Xiao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Siyang Yue
- School of Architecture & Urban Planning, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Jun Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Pengchao Xie
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China; Center for the Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology (CEINT), Duke University, Durham 27708-0287, USA.
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28
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Wan Y, Xie P, Wang Z, Wang J, Ding J, Dewil R, Van der Bruggen B. Application of UV/chlorine pretreatment for controlling ultrafiltration (UF) membrane fouling caused by different natural organic fractions. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 263:127993. [PMID: 33297033 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.127993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2020] [Revised: 08/09/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the effects of UV/chlorine pretreatment on ultrafiltration (UF) membrane fouling derived from different fractions of natural organic matter (NOM) were studied and compared. Three model organic compounds including humic acid (HA), sodium alginate (SA) and bovine serum albumin (BSA) were employed to represent different NOM fractions in natural surface water. The results suggest that membrane fouling induced from HA, SA and HA-SA-BSA mixture could be effectively mitigated by UV/chlorine pretreatment, which could be further improved by increasing the chlorine dose. Although UV irradiation alone severely aggravated BSA fouling, the addition of chlorine (0.0625 mM) to the pretreatment process could effectively avoid the fouling. The alleviation of membrane fouling is primarily ascribed to the reduction of molecular weight (MW) of organic compounds, and the decomposition of unsaturated organic species, thereby reducing the accumulation of organics on the membrane surface and pores. This is confirmed by the reduction of UV254 and fluorescent components in the feed solution and the increase of DOC in the permeate after UV/chlorine pretreatment. Membrane fouling during the filtration of untreated HA, SA, and HA-SA-BSA mixture was occupied by cake filtration and intermediate pore blocking, while UV/chlorine pretreatment led to the exacerbation of pore blocking at the initial filtration stage. The initial fouling mechanism of untreated BSA was mainly governed by complete blocking, which shifted to intermediate pore blocking after UV/chlorine pretreatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wan
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China; Department of Chemical Engineering, Process and Environmental Technology Lab, KU Leuven, J. De Nayerlaan 5, 2860, Sint-Katelijne-Waver, Belgium
| | - Pengchao Xie
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China; Center for the Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology (CEINT), Duke University, Durham, 27708-0287, USA.
| | - Zongping Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China.
| | - Jingwen Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Jiaqi Ding
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Raf Dewil
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Process and Environmental Technology Lab, KU Leuven, J. De Nayerlaan 5, 2860, Sint-Katelijne-Waver, Belgium
| | - Bart Van der Bruggen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Process Engineering for Sustainable Systems, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001, Leuven, Belgium; Faculty of Engineering and the Built Environment, Tshwane University of Technology, Private Bag X680, Pretoria, 0001, South Africa
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29
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Liu B, Zhu T, Liu W, Zhou R, Zhou S, Wu R, Deng L, Wang J, Van der Bruggen B. Ultrafiltration pre-oxidation by boron-doped diamond anode for algae-laden water treatment: membrane fouling mitigation, interface characteristics and cake layer organic release. WATER RESEARCH 2020; 187:116435. [PMID: 32977188 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2020.116435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Revised: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In this study, ultrafiltration (UF) pre-oxidation with a boron-doped diamond (BDD) electrode was employed aiming to mitigate membrane fouling during algae-laden water treatment. It was found that BDD anodizing can efficiently alleviate membrane fouling regardless of the filtration membrane material when the oxidation time was over 30 min. This was because that the cake layer fouling resistance was highly mitigated by the pre-oxidation process. The generated small molecular organics after anodic oxidation might increase the potential of pore blockage. The anodizing preferentially oxidized hydrophobic organic and fluorescent substances, which is conducive to reducing membrane fouling and improving production efficiency. Besides, disinfection byproduct precursors and harmful algae derived substances of UF filtrated solution were contained. The algae bodies tend to agglomeration and the zeta potential obviously declined after the pretreatment, which is instrumental in forming a loose cake layer structure. In addition, the interaction force between membrane and foulants also converted to a repulsion force after pre-oxidation, which implies that BDD pre-oxidation was an effective way to mitigate cake layer fouling by reducing foulant-membrane interactions. At last, the secondary organic release of a dynamic formed cake layer was proved to be limited especially for living algae cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Building Safety and Energy Efficiency, Ministry of Education, Department of Water Engineering and Science, College of Civil Engineering, Hunan University, 410082, Changsha, China; Department of Chemical Engineering, Process Engineering for Sustainable Systems (ProcESS), KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Tingting Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Building Safety and Energy Efficiency, Ministry of Education, Department of Water Engineering and Science, College of Civil Engineering, Hunan University, 410082, Changsha, China
| | - Wenkai Liu
- Key Laboratory of Building Safety and Energy Efficiency, Ministry of Education, Department of Water Engineering and Science, College of Civil Engineering, Hunan University, 410082, Changsha, China
| | - Rui Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Building Safety and Energy Efficiency, Ministry of Education, Department of Water Engineering and Science, College of Civil Engineering, Hunan University, 410082, Changsha, China
| | - Shiqing Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Building Safety and Energy Efficiency, Ministry of Education, Department of Water Engineering and Science, College of Civil Engineering, Hunan University, 410082, Changsha, China
| | - Ruoxi Wu
- Key Laboratory of Building Safety and Energy Efficiency, Ministry of Education, Department of Water Engineering and Science, College of Civil Engineering, Hunan University, 410082, Changsha, China.
| | - Lin Deng
- Key Laboratory of Building Safety and Energy Efficiency, Ministry of Education, Department of Water Engineering and Science, College of Civil Engineering, Hunan University, 410082, Changsha, China
| | - Jing Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Energy, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Bart Van der Bruggen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Process Engineering for Sustainable Systems (ProcESS), KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
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