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Yao R, Li F, Dong X, Xu Y, Hu R, Wang L, Cai K, Liu X, Ni W, Zhou P, Hu S. Microbial Community Structure and Metabolism of Xinjiang Fine-Wool Sheep based on High-Throughput Sequencing Technology. Curr Microbiol 2024; 81:324. [PMID: 39180522 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-024-03837-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 08/09/2024] [Indexed: 08/26/2024]
Abstract
It turns out that the more than trillion microorganisms living in the host's digestive tract are crucial for maintaining nutrient intake, environmental suitability, and physiological mechanism. Xinjiang fine-wool sheep is an exclusive breed for wool in China, which has excellent stress tolerance. In this study, we collected feces and blood samples of 20 Xinjiang fine-wool sheep under the same genetic characteristics, the Fine-Wool Sheep (FWS) group and the Control Fine-Wool Sheep (CFWS) group were set up according to the differs in phenotypic characteristics of their wool. By 16S rRNA amplicon sequence, ITS1 region amplicons and Targeted Metabolomics, we analyzed the microbial community structure of fecal microorganisms and Short Chain Fatty Acids (SCFAs) in serum of the Xinjiang fine-wool sheep. Fecal microbial sequencing showed that the bacterial composition and structure were similar between the two groups, whereas there were significant differences in the composition and structure of the fungal community. It was also found that the abundant of Neocallimastigomycota in the intestinal fungal community of FWS was higher. In addition, the results of the serum SCFAs content analysis showed that butyric acid was significantly differences than those two groups. Correlation analysis between SCFAs and bacteria found that butyric acid metabolism had positively correlated (P < 0.05) with Ruminococcus and UCG-005. Overall, our data provide more supplement about the gut microbes community composition and structure of the Xinjiang fine-wool sheep. These results might be useful for improving gut health of sheep and taking nutritional control measure to improve production traits of animals in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Yao
- College of Life Sciences, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832003, Xinjiang, China
- Institute of Microbiological Application, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi, 830091, Xinjiang, China
| | - Fulin Li
- College of Life Sciences, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832003, Xinjiang, China
| | - Xuyang Dong
- College of Life Sciences, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832003, Xinjiang, China
| | - Yueren Xu
- College of Life Sciences, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832003, Xinjiang, China
| | - Ruirui Hu
- College of Life Sciences, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832003, Xinjiang, China
| | - Limin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Sheep Genetic Improvement and Healthy Production, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Sciences, Shihezi, 832000, Xinjiang, China
| | - Kuojun Cai
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Xinjiang Agriculture University, Urumqi, 830052, Xinjiang, China
| | - Xiaogang Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832003, Xinjiang, China
| | - Wei Ni
- College of Life Sciences, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832003, Xinjiang, China.
| | - Ping Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Sheep Genetic Improvement and Healthy Production, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Sciences, Shihezi, 832000, Xinjiang, China.
| | - Shengwei Hu
- College of Life Sciences, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832003, Xinjiang, China.
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Elmagzoub WA, Idris SM, Elnaiem MHE, Mukhtar ME, Eltayeb E, Bakhiet SM, Okuni JB, Ojok L, El Sanousi SM, El Wahed AA, Gameel AA, Eltom KH. Faecal microbial diversity in a cattle herd infected by Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis: a possible effect of production status. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 40:276. [PMID: 39037634 PMCID: PMC11263420 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-024-04080-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) causes Johne's disease, or paratuberculosis (PTB) in ruminants, besides having zoonotic potential. It possibly changes the gut microbiome, but no conclusive data are available yet. This study aimed at investigating the influence of MAP on the faecal microbiome of cattle naturally infected with PTB. In a follow up period of 10 months, PTB status was investigated in a herd of dairy cattle with history of clinical cases. Each animal was tested for MAP infection using serum and milk ELISA for MAP anti-bodies and IS900 real-time PCR and recombinase polymerase amplification assays for MAP DNA in the faeces and milk monthly for 4 successive months, then a last one after 6 months. The faecal samples were subjected to 16S rDNA metagenomic analysis using Oxford Nanopore Sequencing Technology. The microbial content was compared between animal groups based on MAP positivity rate and production status. All animals were MAP positive by one or more tests, but two animals were consistently negative for MAP DNA in the faeces. In all animals, the phyla firmicutes and bacteroidetes were highly enriched with a small contribution of proteobacteria, and increased abundance of the families Oscillospiraceae, Planococcaceae, and Streptococcacaceae was noted. Animals with high MAP positivity rate showed comparable faecal microbial content, although MAP faecal positivity had no significant effect (p > 0.05) on the microbiome. Generally, richness and evenness indices decreased with increasing positivity rate. A significantly different microbial content was found between dry cows and heifers (p < 0.05). Particularly, Oscillospiraceae and Rikenellaceae were enriched in heifers, while Planococcaceae and Streptococcaceae were overrepresented in dry cows. Furthermore, abundance of 72 genera was significantly different between these two groups (p < 0.05). Changes in faecal microbiome composition were notably associated with increasing MAP shedding in the faeces. The present findings suggest a combined influence of the production status and MAP on the cattle faecal microbiome. This possibly correlates with the fate of the infection, the concern in disease control, again remains for further investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wisal A Elmagzoub
- Department of Animal Health and Safety of Animal Products, Institute for Studies and Promotion of Animal Exports, University of Khartoum, Shambat, 13314, Khartoum North, Sudan
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, College of Applied and Industrial Sciences, University of Bahri, Khartoum North, Sudan
| | - Sanaa M Idris
- Department of Animal Health and Safety of Animal Products, Institute for Studies and Promotion of Animal Exports, University of Khartoum, Shambat, 13314, Khartoum North, Sudan
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Khartoum, Shambat, 13314, Khartoum North, Sudan
| | - Marwa H E Elnaiem
- Department of Botany and Agricultural Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Khartoum, Shambat, 13314, Khartoum North, Sudan
| | - Mohamed E Mukhtar
- Department of Agricultural Extension and Rural Development, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Khartoum, Shambat, 13314, Khartoum North, Sudan
| | - ElSagad Eltayeb
- Faculty of Medicine, Al Neelain University/Ibn Sina Specialised Hospital, Street 17-21, Alamarat, 12217, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Sahar M Bakhiet
- Department of Molecular Biology, Institute of Endemic Diseases, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Julius B Okuni
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Animal Resources and Biosecurity (COVAB), Makerere University, P. O. Box 7062, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Lonzy Ojok
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Animal Resources and Biosecurity (COVAB), Makerere University, P. O. Box 7062, Kampala, Uganda
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Gulu University, P.O.Box 166, Gulu, Uganda
| | - Sulieman M El Sanousi
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Khartoum, Shambat, 13314, Khartoum North, Sudan
| | - Ahmed Abd El Wahed
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Institute of Animal Hygiene and Veterinary Public Health, Leipzig University, An den Tierkliniken 1, 04103, Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Ahmed A Gameel
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Khartoum, Shambat, 13314, Khartoum North, Sudan
| | - Kamal H Eltom
- Department of Animal Health and Safety of Animal Products, Institute for Studies and Promotion of Animal Exports, University of Khartoum, Shambat, 13314, Khartoum North, Sudan.
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Hu J, Zhang S, Li M, Zhao G. Impact of dietary supplementation with β-alanine on the rumen microbial crude protein supply, nutrient digestibility and nitrogen retention in beef steers elucidated through sequencing the rumen bacterial community. ANIMAL NUTRITION (ZHONGGUO XU MU SHOU YI XUE HUI) 2024; 17:418-427. [PMID: 38808018 PMCID: PMC11130998 DOI: 10.1016/j.aninu.2024.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of β-alanine (β-Ala) on rumen fermentation, nutrient digestibility, nitrogen (N) metabolism, plasma biochemical parameters, and rumen bacterial communities in beef steers. Six steers with initial liveweight of 252.8 ± 5.2 kg and 3 treatments of supplementing with 0, 30, or 60 g β-Ala per day to basal diet were allocated in a replicated 3 × 3 Latin square design. Each experimental period was 20 d, of which the first 15 d were for adaptation and the subsequent 5 d were for sampling. The results showed that β-Ala linearly increased the ruminal concentration of microbial crude protein (MCP) (P = 0.005), but it did not affect the ruminal concentrations of ammonia N and total volatile fatty acids (P > 0.10). β-Ala also linearly increased the dry matter (DM) (P = 0.009), organic matter (OM) (P = 0.017) and crude protein (CP) (P = 0.043) digestibility, tended to decrease the acid detergent fiber digestibility (P = 0.077), but it did not affect the neutral detergent fiber digestibility (P = 0.641). β-Ala quadratically increased the relative abundance of ruminal Bacteroidota (P = 0.021) at the phylum level, and increased Prevotella (P = 0.028) and Prevotellaceae_UCG-003 (P = 0.014), and decreased the relative abundance of NK4A214_group (P = 0.009) at the genus level. Feeding steers with β-Ala linearly increased the urinary N (P = 0.006), urea excretions (P = 0.002) and the N retention (P = 0.004), but it did not affect the N utilization efficiency (P = 0.120). β-Ala quadratically increased the plasma concentration of the total antioxidant capacity (P = 0.011) and linearly increased the plasma concentration of insulin-like growth factor-1 (P < 0.001). In summary, dietary supplementation with β-Ala improved the rumen MCP supply and increased the digestibility of DM, OM, CP and the N retention. Further research is necessary to verify the ruminal degradability of β-Ala and to investigate the mechanism of the impact of absorbed β-Ala on the anti-oxidative ability in steers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mengmeng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, 100193 Beijing, China
| | - Guangyong Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, 100193 Beijing, China
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Liu Y, Ma L, Riqing D, Qu J, Chen J, Zhandu D, Li B, Jiang M. Microbial Metagenomes and Host Transcriptomes Reveal the Dynamic Changes of Rumen Gene Expression, Microbial Colonization and Co-Regulation of Mineral Element Metabolism in Yaks from Birth to Adulthood. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:1365. [PMID: 38731369 PMCID: PMC11083404 DOI: 10.3390/ani14091365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Yaks are the main pillar of plateau animal husbandry and the material basis of local herdsmen's survival. The level of mineral elements in the body is closely related to the production performance of yaks. In this study, we performed a comprehensive analysis of rumen epithelial morphology, transcriptomics and metagenomics to explore the dynamics of rumen functions, microbial colonization and functional interactions in yaks from birth to adulthood. Bacteria, eukaryotes, archaea and viruses colonized the rumen of yaks from birth to adulthood, with bacteria being the majority. Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes were the dominant phyla in five developmental stages, and the abundance of genus Lactobacillus and Fusobacterium significantly decreased with age. Glycoside hydrolase (GH) genes were the most highly represented in five different developmental stages, followed by glycosyltransferases (GTs) and carbohydrate-binding modules (CBMs), where the proportion of genes coding for CBMs increased with age. Integrating host transcriptome and microbial metagenome revealed 30 gene modules related to age, muscle layer thickness, nipple length and width of yaks. Among these, the MEmagenta and MEturquoise were positively correlated with these phenotypic traits. Twenty-two host genes involved in transcriptional regulation related to metal ion binding (including potassium, sodium, calcium, zinc, iron) were positively correlated with a rumen bacterial cluster 1 composed of Alloprevotella, Paludibacter, Arcobacter, Lactobacillus, Bilophila, etc. Therefore, these studies help us to understand the interaction between rumen host and microorganisms in yaks at different ages, and further provide a reliable theoretical basis for the development of feed and mineral element supplementation for yaks at different ages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yili Liu
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation, College of Animal & Veterinary Sciences, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China; (Y.L.); (D.R.); (B.L.)
| | - Liangliang Ma
- College of Grassland Resources, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China;
| | - Daojie Riqing
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation, College of Animal & Veterinary Sciences, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China; (Y.L.); (D.R.); (B.L.)
| | - Jiu Qu
- Agriculture and Rural Affairs Bureau of Naqu City, Naqu 852000, China; (J.Q.); (D.Z.)
| | - Jiyong Chen
- Yushu Prefecture Animal Disease Prevention and Control Center, Yushu 815000, China;
| | - Danzeng Zhandu
- Agriculture and Rural Affairs Bureau of Naqu City, Naqu 852000, China; (J.Q.); (D.Z.)
| | - Biao Li
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation, College of Animal & Veterinary Sciences, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China; (Y.L.); (D.R.); (B.L.)
| | - Mingfeng Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation, College of Animal & Veterinary Sciences, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China; (Y.L.); (D.R.); (B.L.)
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Murtaza N, Nawaz M, Yaqub T, Mehmood AK. Impact of Limosilactobacillus fermentum probiotic treatment on gut microbiota composition in sahiwal calves with rotavirus diarrhea: A 16S metagenomic analysis study". BMC Microbiol 2024; 24:114. [PMID: 38575861 PMCID: PMC10993544 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-024-03254-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diarrhea poses a major threat to bovine calves leading to mortality and economic losses. Among the causes of calf diarrhea, bovine rotavirus is a major etiological agent and may result in dysbiosis of gut microbiota. The current study was designed to investigate the effect of probiotic Limosilactobacillus fermentum (Accession No.OR504458) on the microbial composition of rotavirus-infected calves using 16S metagenomic analysis technique. Screening of rotavirus infection in calves below one month of age was done through clinical signs and Reverse Transcriptase PCR. The healthy calves (n = 10) were taken as control while the infected calves (n = 10) before treatment was designated as diarrheal group were treated with Probiotic for 5 days. All the calves were screened for the presence of rotavirus infection on each day and fecal scoring was done to assess the fecal consistency. Infected calves after treatment were designated as recovered group. Fecal samples from healthy, recovered and diarrheal (infected calves before sampling) were processed for DNA extraction while four samples from each group were processed for 16S metagenomic analysis using Illumina sequencing technique and analyzed via QIIME 2. RESULTS The results show that Firmicutes were more abundant in the healthy and recovered group than in the diarrheal group. At the same time Proteobacteria was higher in abundance in the diarrheal group. Order Oscillospirales dominated healthy and recovered calves and Enterobacterials dominated the diarrheal group. Alpha diversity indices show that diversity indices based on richness were higher in the healthy group and lower in the diarrheal group while a mixed pattern of clustering between diarrheal and recovered groups samples in PCA plots based on beta diversity indices was observed. CONCLUSION It is concluded that probiotic Limosilactobacillus Fermentum N-30 ameliorate the dysbiosis caused by rotavirus diarrhea and may be used to prevent diarrhea in pre-weaned calves after further exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadeem Murtaza
- Institute of Microbiology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Nawaz
- Institute of Microbiology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan.
| | - Tahir Yaqub
- Institute of Microbiology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
| | - Asim Khalid Mehmood
- Department of Veterinary Surgery and Pet Sciences, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
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Liu T, Bu Z, Xiang K, Jia Y, Du S. Effects of non-pelleted or pelleted low-native grass and pelleted high-native grass diets on meat quality by regulating the rumen microbiota in lambs. Microbiol Spectr 2024; 12:e0375823. [PMID: 38363135 PMCID: PMC10986533 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.03758-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Diet modulates the rumen microbiota, which in turn can impact the animal performance. The rumen microbiota is increasingly recognized for its crucial role in regulating the growth and meat quality of the host. Nevertheless, the mechanism by which the rumen microbiome influences the fatty acid and amino acid profiles of lambs in the grass feeding system remains unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of different native grass-based diets on animal performance, meat quality, fatty acid compositions, amino acid profiles, and rumen microbiota of lamb. Seventy-two Ujumqin lambs were randomly assigned into three treatments according to the initial body weight (27.39 ± 0.51 kg) and age (6 months ± 6 days). The lambs received three diets: (i) non-pelleted native grass hay with 40% concentrate diet; the native grass and concentrate were fed individually; (ii) pelleted native grass hay with 40% concentrate diet (PHLC); (iii) pelleted native grass hay with 60% concentrate diet (PHHC). The results showed that among the three groups, the PHHC and PHLC diets had markedly (P < 0.05) higher average daily gain and pH45 min, respectively. All amino acid levels were significantly (P < 0.05) decreased in the PHHC diet than in the PHLC diet. The principal coordinate analysis of the ruminal microbiota indicated the markedly distinct separation (P = 0.001) among the three groups. In addition, the correlation analysis showed that the Rikenellaceae_RC9_gut_group, Prevotellaceae_UCG-003, Succinivibrio, and Succiniclasticum were significantly (P < 0.05) associated with most of the fatty acid and amino acid profiles. The correlation analysis of the association of microbiome with the meat quality provides us with a comprehensive understanding of the composition and function of the rumen microbial community, and these findings will contribute to the direction of future research in lamb. IMPORTANCE Diet modulates the gut microbiome, which in turn impact the meat quality, yet few studies investigate the correlation between the rumen microbiome and the fatty acid profile of meat. Here, the current study develops an experiment to investigate the correlation of the rumen microbiome and fatty acid profile of meat: rumen microbiome responses to feed type and meat quality. The results indicated a unique microbiota in the rumen of lamb in response to diets and meat quality. Associations between utilization and production were widely identified among the affected microbiome and meat quality, and these findings will contribute to the direction of future research in lamb.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingyu Liu
- College of Agriculture, Inner Mongolia University of Nationalities, Tongliao, China
| | - Zhenkun Bu
- Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Agriculture Genomics Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China
- Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agriculture Genomics Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Kaifeng Xiang
- Forest and Grassland Protection and Development Center, Chifeng, China
| | - Yushan Jia
- Key Laboratory of Forage Cultivation, Processing and High Efficient Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Grassland, Resources and Environment, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Shuai Du
- Key Laboratory of Forage Cultivation, Processing and High Efficient Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Grassland, Resources and Environment, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China
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Keum GB, Pandey S, Kim ES, Doo H, Kwak J, Ryu S, Choi Y, Kang J, Kim S, Kim HB. Understanding the Diversity and Roles of the Ruminal Microbiome. J Microbiol 2024; 62:217-230. [PMID: 38662310 DOI: 10.1007/s12275-024-00121-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
The importance of ruminal microbiota in ruminants is emphasized, not only as a special symbiotic relationship with ruminants but also as an interactive and dynamic ecosystem established by the metabolites of various rumen microorganisms. Rumen microbial community is essential for life maintenance and production as they help decompose and utilize fiber that is difficult to digest, supplying about 70% of the energy needed by the host and 60-85% of the amino acids that reach the small intestine. Bacteria are the most abundant in the rumen, but protozoa, which are relatively large, account for 40-50% of the total microorganisms. However, the composition of these ruminal microbiota is not conserved or constant throughout life and is greatly influenced by the host. It is known that the initial colonization of calves immediately after birth is mainly influenced by the mother, and later changes depending on various factors such as diet, age, gender and breed. The initial rumen microbial community contains aerobic and facultative anaerobic bacteria due to the presence of oxygen, but as age increases, a hypoxic environment is created inside the rumen, and anaerobic bacteria become dominant in the rumen microbial community. As calves grow, taxonomic diversity increases, especially as they begin to consume solid food. Understanding the factors affecting the rumen microbial community and their effects and changes can lead to the early development and stabilization of the microbial community through the control of rumen microorganisms, and is expected to ultimately help improve host productivity and efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gi Beom Keum
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Sriniwas Pandey
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Sol Kim
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunok Doo
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinok Kwak
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Sumin Ryu
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Yejin Choi
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Juyoun Kang
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Sheena Kim
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hyeun Bum Kim
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea.
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Luo T, Zhu J, Li K, Li Y, Li J, Chen Y, Shi H. Crosstalk between innate immunity and rumen-fecal microbiota under the cold stress in goats. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1363664. [PMID: 38476231 PMCID: PMC10928366 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1363664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The balance of the microbiome, which is sensitive to temperature changes, plays a crucial role in maintaining overall health and reducing the risk of diseases. However, the specific mechanisms by which immunity and microbiota interact to adapt to cold stress have yet to be addressed. In this study, Nanjiang Yellow goats were chosen as a model and sampled during the cold (winter, cold stress) and warm (spring) seasons, respectively. Analyses of serum immune factors, as well as the composition of rumen and fecal microbial communities, were conducted to explore the crosstalk between microbiota and innate immunity under cold stress. Significantly increased levels of IgA (P < 0.01) were observed in the cold season compared to the warm season. Conversely, the levels of IL-2 (P = 0.02) and IL-6 (P < 0.01) diminished under cold stress. However, no significant differences were observed in IgG (P = 0.89), IgM (P = 0.42), and IL-4 (P = 0.56). While there were no significant changes in the diversity of bacterial communities between the warm and cold seasons, positive correlations between serum IgA, IL-2, IL-6 concentrations and several genera were observed. Furthermore, the weighted gene co-expression network analysis indicated that the microbiota enriched in the MEbrown module positively correlated with IgA, while the microbiota enriched in the MEblue module positively correlated with IL-2 and IL-6. The strong correlation between certain probiotics, including Alistipes, Bacteroides, Blautia, and Prevotellaceae_UCG.004, and the concentration of IL-2, and IL-6 suggests their potential role in immunomodulatory properties. This study provides valuable insights into the crosstalk between microbial communities and immune responses under the challenge of cold stress. Further studies on the immunomodulatory properties of these probiotics would contribute to the development of strategies to enhance the stress resistance of animals for improved overall health and survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Luo
- Institute of Dairy Science, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiangjiang Zhu
- Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China
| | - Kerui Li
- Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China
| | - Yongtao Li
- Institute of Dairy Science, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jun Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yu Chen
- Institute of Nanjiang Yellow Goat Sciences, Bazhong, Sichuan, China
| | - Hengbo Shi
- Institute of Dairy Science, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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Cao Z, Yi M, Zhou J, Zhang Z, Liu Z, Yang C, Sun S, Wang L, Ling Y, Zhang Z, Cao H. Multi-omics analysis on the mechanism of the effect of Isatis leaf on the growth performance of fattening sheep. Front Vet Sci 2024; 11:1332457. [PMID: 38384949 PMCID: PMC10879442 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2024.1332457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction This study evaluated the effects of Isatis Leaf (ISL) on the growth performance, gastrointestinal tissue morphology, rumen and intestinal microbiota, rumen, serum and urine metabolites, and rumen epithelial tissue transcriptome of fattening sheep. Methods Twelve 3.5-month-old healthy fattening sheep were randomly divided into two groups, each with 6 replicates, and fed with basal diet (CON) and basal diet supplemented with 80 g/kg ISL for 2.5 months. Gastrointestinal tract was collected for histological analysis, rumen fluid and feces were subjected to metagenomic analysis, rumen fluid, serum, and urine for metabolomics analysis, and rumen epithelial tissue for transcriptomics analysis. Results The results showed that in the ISL group, the average daily gain and average daily feed intake of fattening sheep were significantly lower than those of the CON group (P < 0.05), and the rumen ammonia nitrogen level was significantly higher than that of the CON group (P < 0.01). The thickness of the reticulum and abomasum muscle layer was significantly increased (P < 0.05). At the genus level, the addition of ISL modified the composition of rumen and fecal microorganisms, and the relative abundance of Methanobrevibacter and Centipeda was significantly upregulated in rumen microorganisms, The relative abundance of Butyrivibrio, Saccharofermentans, Mogibacterium, and Pirellula was significantly downregulated (P < 0.05). In fecal microorganisms, the relative abundance of Papillibacter, Pseudoflavonifractor, Butyricicoccus, Anaerovorax, and Methanocorpusculum was significantly upregulated, while the relative abundance of Roseburia, Coprococcus, Clostridium XVIII, Butyrivibrio, Parasutterella, Macellibacteroides, and Porphyromonas was significantly downregulated (P < 0.05). There were 164, 107, and 77 different metabolites in the rumen, serum, and urine between the ISL and CON groups (P < 0.05). The differential metabolic pathways mainly included thiamine metabolism, niacin and nicotinamide metabolism, vitamin B6 metabolism, taurine and taurine metabolism, beta-Alanine metabolism and riboflavin metabolism. These metabolic pathways were mainly involved in the regulation of energy metabolism and immune function in fattening sheep. Transcriptome sequencing showed that differentially expressed genes were mainly enriched in cellular physiological processes, development, and immune regulation. Conclusion In summary, the addition of ISL to the diet had the effect of increasing rumen ammonia nitrogen levels, regulating gastrointestinal microbiota, promoting body fat metabolism, and enhancing immunity in fattening sheep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhikun Cao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Mingliang Yi
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Jialu Zhou
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Zhiyu Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Zibo Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Chao Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Shixin Sun
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Lei Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Yinghui Ling
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Local Livestock and Poultry Genetic Resource Conservation and Bio-Breeding, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Zijun Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Local Livestock and Poultry Genetic Resource Conservation and Bio-Breeding, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Hongguo Cao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Local Livestock and Poultry Genetic Resource Conservation and Bio-Breeding, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
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10
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Feng L, Zhang Y, Liu W, Du D, Jiang W, Wang Z, Li N, Hu Z. Altered rumen microbiome and correlations of the metabolome in heat-stressed dairy cows at different growth stages. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0331223. [PMID: 37971264 PMCID: PMC10714726 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.03312-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Heat stress is one of the main causes of economic losses in the dairy industry worldwide; however, the mechanisms associated with the metabolic and microbial changes in heat stress remain unclear. Here, we characterized both the changes in metabolites, rumen microbial communities, and their functional potential indices derived from rumen fluid and serum samples from cows at different growth stages and under different climates. This study highlights that the rumen microbe may be involved in the regulation of lipid metabolism by modulating the fatty acyl metabolites. Under heat stress, the changes in the metabolic status of growing heifers, heifers, and lactating cows were closely related to arachidonic acid metabolism, fatty acid biosynthesis, and energy metabolism. Moreover, this study provides new markers for further research to understand the effects of heat stress on the physiological metabolism of Holstein cows and the time-dependent changes associated with growth stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Feng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China
| | - Wei Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China
| | - Dewei Du
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China
| | - Wenbo Jiang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China
| | - Zihua Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China
| | - Ning Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China
| | - Zhiyong Hu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China
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11
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Kamenova S, de Muinck EJ, Veiberg V, Utsi TA, Steyaert SMJG, Albon SD, Loe LE, Trosvik P. Gut microbiome biogeography in reindeer supersedes millennia of ecological and evolutionary separation. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 2023; 99:fiad157. [PMID: 38031339 DOI: 10.1093/femsec/fiad157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Ruminants are dependent on their gut microbiomes for nutrient extraction from plant diets. However, knowledge about the composition, diversity, function, and spatial structure of gut microbiomes, especially in wild ruminants, is limited, largely because analysis has been restricted to faeces or the rumen. In two geographically separated reindeer subspecies, 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing revealed strong spatial structuring, and pronounced differences in microbial diversity of at least 33 phyla across the stomach, small intestine, and large intestine (including faeces). The main structural feature was the Bacteroidota to Firmicutes ratio, which declined from the stomach to the large intestine, likely reflecting functional adaptation. Metagenome shotgun sequencing also revealed highly significant structuring in the relative occurrence of carbohydrate-active enzymes (CAZymes). CAZymes were enriched in the rumen relative to the small and large intestines. Interestingly, taxonomic diversity was highest in the large intestine, suggesting an important and understudied role for this organ. Despite the two study populations being separated by an ocean and six millennia of evolutionary history, gut microbiome structuring was remarkably consistent. Our study suggests a strong selection for gut microbiome biogeography along the gastrointestinal tract in reindeer subspecies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefaniya Kamenova
- Centre for Ecological and Evolutionary Synthesis, Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, 0371 Oslo, Norway
- Departments of Ecology and Natural Resource Management, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, 1433 Ås, Norway
- National Museum of Natural History, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1000 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Eric J de Muinck
- Centre for Ecological and Evolutionary Synthesis, Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, 0371 Oslo, Norway
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Oslo, 0371 Oslo, Norway
| | - Vebjørn Veiberg
- Norwegian Institute for Nature Research, 7034 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Tove Aagnes Utsi
- Department of Arctic and Marine Biology, Faculty of Biosciences, Fisheries, and Economics, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, 9510 Alta, Norway
| | - Sam M J G Steyaert
- Faculty of Biosciences and Aquaculture, Nord University, 7713 Steinkjer, Norway
| | - Steve D Albon
- The James Hutton Institute, Craigiebuckler, Aberdeen AB15 8QH, United Kingdom
| | - Leif Egil Loe
- Departments of Ecology and Natural Resource Management, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, 1433 Ås, Norway
| | - Pål Trosvik
- Centre for Ecological and Evolutionary Synthesis, Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, 0371 Oslo, Norway
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12
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Ruvalcaba-Gómez JM, Villaseñor-González F, Espinosa-Martínez MA, Gómez-Godínez LJ, Rojas-Anaya E, Villagrán Z, Anaya-Esparza LM, Buendía-Rodríguez G, Arteaga-Garibay RI. Growth Performance and Fecal Microbiota of Dairy Calves Supplemented with Autochthonous Lactic Acid Bacteria as Probiotics in Mexican Western Family Dairy Farming. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:2841. [PMID: 37760240 PMCID: PMC10525134 DOI: 10.3390/ani13182841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Probiotic supplementation in dairy cattle has achieved several beneficial effects (improved growth rate, immune response, and adequate ruminal microbiota). This study assessed the effects on the growth parameters and gut microbiota of newborn dairy calves supplemented with two Lactobacillus-based probiotics, individually (6BZ or 6BY) or their combination (6BZ + 6BY), administrated with the same concentration (1 × 109 CFU/kg weight) at three times, between days 5 and 19 after birth. The control group consisted of probiotic-unsupplemented calves. Growth parameters were recorded weekly until eight weeks and at the calves' ages of three, four, and five months. Fecal microbiota was described by high-throughput sequencing and bioinformatics. Although no significant effects were observed regarding daily weight and height gain among probiotic-supplemented and non-supplemented calves, correlation analysis showed that growth rate was maintained until month 5 through probiotic supplementation, mainly when the two-strain probiotics were supplied. Modulation effects on microbiota were observed in probiotic-supplemented calves, improving the Bacteroidota: Firmicutes and the Proteobacteria ratios. Functional prediction by PICRUSt also showed an increment in several pathways when the two-strain probiotic was supplemented. Therefore, using the three-administration scheme, the two-strain probiotic improved the growth rate and gut microbiota profile in newborn dairy calves. However, positive effects could be reached by applying more administrations of the probiotic during the first 20 days of a calf's life.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Martín Ruvalcaba-Gómez
- Centro Nacional de Recursos Genéticos, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias, Boulevard de la Biodiversidad 400, Tepatitlán de Morelos 47600, Jalisco, Mexico; (L.J.G.-G.); (E.R.-A.)
| | - Fernando Villaseñor-González
- Campo Experimental Centro Altos de Jalisco, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias, Av. Biodiversidad 2470, Tepatitlán de Morelos 47600, Jalisco, Mexico;
| | - Mario Alfredo Espinosa-Martínez
- Centro Nacional de Investigación Disciplinaria en Fisiología y Mejoramiento Animal, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias, Ajuchitlán Colón 76280, Querétaro, Mexico;
| | - Lorena Jacqueline Gómez-Godínez
- Centro Nacional de Recursos Genéticos, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias, Boulevard de la Biodiversidad 400, Tepatitlán de Morelos 47600, Jalisco, Mexico; (L.J.G.-G.); (E.R.-A.)
| | - Edith Rojas-Anaya
- Centro Nacional de Recursos Genéticos, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias, Boulevard de la Biodiversidad 400, Tepatitlán de Morelos 47600, Jalisco, Mexico; (L.J.G.-G.); (E.R.-A.)
| | - Zuamí Villagrán
- Centro Universitario de los Altos, Universidad de Guadalajara, Av. Rafael Casillas Aceves 1200, Tepatitlán de Morelos 47600, Jalisco, Mexico; (Z.V.); (L.M.A.-E.)
| | - Luis Miguel Anaya-Esparza
- Centro Universitario de los Altos, Universidad de Guadalajara, Av. Rafael Casillas Aceves 1200, Tepatitlán de Morelos 47600, Jalisco, Mexico; (Z.V.); (L.M.A.-E.)
| | - Germán Buendía-Rodríguez
- Sitio Experimental Hidalgo, Campo Experimental Valle de México, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias, Carr. Pachuca-Tulancingo 104ª, Pachuca de Soto 42090, Hidalgo, Mexico;
| | - Ramón Ignacio Arteaga-Garibay
- Centro Nacional de Recursos Genéticos, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias, Boulevard de la Biodiversidad 400, Tepatitlán de Morelos 47600, Jalisco, Mexico; (L.J.G.-G.); (E.R.-A.)
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13
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Kaur H, Kaur G, Gupta T, Mittal D, Ali SA. Integrating Omics Technologies for a Comprehensive Understanding of the Microbiome and Its Impact on Cattle Production. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:1200. [PMID: 37759599 PMCID: PMC10525894 DOI: 10.3390/biology12091200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Ruminant production holds a pivotal position within the global animal production and agricultural sectors. As population growth escalates, posing environmental challenges, a heightened emphasis is directed toward refining ruminant production systems. Recent investigations underscore the connection between the composition and functionality of the rumen microbiome and economically advantageous traits in cattle. Consequently, the development of innovative strategies to enhance cattle feed efficiency, while curbing environmental and financial burdens, becomes imperative. The advent of omics technologies has yielded fresh insights into metabolic health fluctuations in dairy cattle, consequently enhancing nutritional management practices. The pivotal role of the rumen microbiome in augmenting feeding efficiency by transforming low-quality feedstuffs into energy substrates for the host is underscored. This microbial community assumes focal importance within gut microbiome studies, contributing indispensably to plant fiber digestion, as well as influencing production and health variability in ruminants. Instances of compromised animal welfare can substantially modulate the microbiological composition of the rumen, thereby influencing production rates. A comprehensive global approach that targets both cattle and their rumen microbiota is paramount for enhancing feed efficiency and optimizing rumen fermentation processes. This review article underscores the factors that contribute to the establishment or restoration of the rumen microbiome post perturbations and the intricacies of host-microbiome interactions. We accentuate the elements responsible for responsible host-microbiome interactions and practical applications in the domains of animal health and production. Moreover, meticulous scrutiny of the microbiome and its consequential effects on cattle production systems greatly contributes to forging more sustainable and resilient food production systems, thereby mitigating the adverse environmental impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harpreet Kaur
- Division of Biochemistry, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute (ICAR-NDRI), Karnal 132001, India
| | - Gurjeet Kaur
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
- Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre, Bioanalytical Mass Spectrometry Facility, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
- Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, DK-2730 Herlev, Denmark
| | - Taruna Gupta
- Division of Biochemistry, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute (ICAR-NDRI), Karnal 132001, India
| | - Deepti Mittal
- Division of Biochemistry, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute (ICAR-NDRI), Karnal 132001, India
| | - Syed Azmal Ali
- Cell Biology and Proteomics Lab, Animal Biotechnology Center, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute (ICAR-NDRI), Karnal 132001, India
- Division Proteomics of Stem Cells and Cancer, German Cancer Research Center, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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14
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Li D, Han S, Zhang K, Xu G, Zhang H, Chen F, Wang L, Liu Q, Guo Z, Zhang J, Li J. Genome Analysis and Safety Assessment of Achromobacter marplatensis Strain YKS2 Strain Isolated from the Rumen of Yaks in China. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2023:10.1007/s12602-023-10124-z. [PMID: 37491503 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-023-10124-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
Achromobacter marplatensis strain YKS2 isolated from the yak rumen has the feature of producing cellulose. This study aims to analyze the genome and safety of strain YKS2 in vivo, considering its future research and application prospects. The genome of strain YKS2 was sequenced and used for genomic in silico studies. The administration of strain YKS2 in three doses was carried out on mice for 3 days of oral and 7 days of clinical observation tests. The BW, FI, organ indices, gut microbiota, and histological appearances of organs and intestines, along with hematological parameters and serum biochemistry, were measured in mice. The chromosome size of strain YKS2 was 6,588,568 bp, with a GC content of 65.27%. The 6058 coding sequences of strain YKS2 without plasmid were predicted and annotated and have multiple functions. The mice in all groups were alive, with good mental states and functional activities. Compared with the control group, there was no significant difference in the three dose groups on BW, FI, hematological parameters (WBC, LYM, etc.), and serum biochemistry (ALB, ALT, etc.). No abnormalities were observed in the main visceral organs, intestinal tissue, and V/C value in groups. However, the IEL number of duodenum and gut microbiota diversity (Shannon's index) in the high-dose group was significantly higher than in the control group (p < 0.05). Besides, the low dose of strain YKS2 also significantly affected the bacterial abundance of Firmicutes, Actinobacteria, and desulphurizing Bacteroidetes at the phylum level. There was no significant effect at genus levels in groups. In conclusion, the study revealed the genome and potential functional genes of strain YKS2, which is beneficial to understanding the features of the A. marplatensis strain and proved strain YKS2 to be without acute toxicity to mice. However, a long-term feeding toxicity experiment in vivo should be performed to further ensure its potential application value strain in the animal industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dapeng Li
- Engineering & Technology Research Center of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, 730050, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, Hebei, 071000, China
| | - Songwei Han
- Engineering & Technology Research Center of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, 730050, China
| | - Kang Zhang
- Engineering & Technology Research Center of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, 730050, China
| | - Guowei Xu
- Engineering & Technology Research Center of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, 730050, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Agricultural Products Quality and Safety Inspection and Testing Center of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, 730050, China
| | - Fubing Chen
- Engineering & Technology Research Center of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, 730050, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Engineering & Technology Research Center of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, 730050, China
| | - Qin Liu
- Engineering & Technology Research Center of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, 730050, China
| | - Zhiting Guo
- Engineering & Technology Research Center of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, 730050, China
| | - Jingyan Zhang
- Engineering & Technology Research Center of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, 730050, China.
| | - Jianxi Li
- Engineering & Technology Research Center of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, 730050, China
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Cheong KL, Zhang Y, Li Z, Li T, Ou Y, Shen J, Zhong S, Tan K. Role of Polysaccharides from Marine Seaweed as Feed Additives for Methane Mitigation in Ruminants: A Critical Review. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:3153. [PMID: 37571046 PMCID: PMC10420924 DOI: 10.3390/polym15153153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Revised: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Given the increasing concerns regarding greenhouse gas emissions associated with livestock production, the need to discover effective strategies to mitigate methane production in ruminants is clear. Marine algal polysaccharides have emerged as a promising research avenue because of their abundance and sustainability. Polysaccharides, such as alginate, laminaran, and fucoidan, which are extracted from marine seaweeds, have demonstrated the potential to reduce methane emissions by influencing the microbial populations in the rumen. This comprehensive review extensively examines the available literature and considers the effectiveness, challenges, and prospects of using marine seaweed polysaccharides as feed additives. The findings emphasise that marine algal polysaccharides can modulate rumen fermentation, promote the growth of beneficial microorganisms, and inhibit methanogenic archaea, ultimately leading to decreases in methane emissions. However, we must understand the long-term effects and address the obstacles to practical implementation. Further research is warranted to optimise dosage levels, evaluate potential effects on animal health, and assess economic feasibility. This critical review provides insights for researchers, policymakers, and industry stakeholders dedicated to advancing sustainable livestock production and methane mitigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kit-Leong Cheong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Marine Biological Products, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Seafood, Guangdong Provincial Science and Technology Innovation Center for Subtropical Fruit and Vegetable Processing, College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; (K.-L.C.)
| | - Yiyu Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Marine Biological Products, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Seafood, Guangdong Provincial Science and Technology Innovation Center for Subtropical Fruit and Vegetable Processing, College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; (K.-L.C.)
| | - Zhuoting Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Marine Biological Products, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Seafood, Guangdong Provincial Science and Technology Innovation Center for Subtropical Fruit and Vegetable Processing, College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; (K.-L.C.)
| | - Tongtong Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Marine Biological Products, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Seafood, Guangdong Provincial Science and Technology Innovation Center for Subtropical Fruit and Vegetable Processing, College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; (K.-L.C.)
| | - Yiqing Ou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Marine Biological Products, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Seafood, Guangdong Provincial Science and Technology Innovation Center for Subtropical Fruit and Vegetable Processing, College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; (K.-L.C.)
| | - Jiayi Shen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Marine Biological Products, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Seafood, Guangdong Provincial Science and Technology Innovation Center for Subtropical Fruit and Vegetable Processing, College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; (K.-L.C.)
| | - Saiyi Zhong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Marine Biological Products, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Seafood, Guangdong Provincial Science and Technology Innovation Center for Subtropical Fruit and Vegetable Processing, College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; (K.-L.C.)
| | - Karsoon Tan
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Beibu Gulf Biodiversity Conservation, Beibu Gulf University, Qinzhou 535000, China
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Prewer E, Vilaça ST, Bird S, Kutz S, Leclerc L, Kyle CJ. Metabarcoding of fecal pellets in wild muskox populations reveals negative relationships between microbiome and diet alpha diversity. Ecol Evol 2023; 13:e10192. [PMID: 37325724 PMCID: PMC10261903 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.10192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Microbiome diversity and diet composition concomitantly influence species health, fitness, immunity, and digestion. In environments where diet varies spatially and temporally, microbiome plasticity may promote rapid host adaptation to available resources. For northern ungulates in particular, metabarcoding of noninvasively collected fecal pellets presents unprecedented insights into their diverse ecological requirements and niches by clarifying the interrelationships of microbiomes, key to deriving nutrients, in context of altered forage availability in changing climates. Muskoxen (Ovibos moschatus) are Arctic-adapted species that experience fluctuating qualities and quantities of vegetation. Geography and seasonality have been noted to influence microbiome composition and diversity in muskoxen, yet it is unclear how their microbiomes intersect with diet. Following observations from other species, we hypothesized increasing diet diversity would result in higher microbiome diversity in muskoxen. We assessed diet composition in muskoxen using three common plant metabarcoding markers and explored correlations with microbiome data. Patterns of dietary diversity and composition were not fully concordant among the markers used, yet all reflected the primary consumption of willows and sedges. Individuals with similar diets had more similar microbiomes, yet in contrast to most literature, yielded negative relationships between microbiome and diet alpha diversity. This negative correlation may reflect the unique capacities of muskoxen to survive solely on high-fiber Arctic forage and provide insight into their resiliency to exploit changing dietary resources in a rapidly warming Arctic altering vegetation diversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin Prewer
- Environmental and Life Sciences Graduate ProgramTrent UniversityPeterboroughOntarioCanada
| | - Sibelle T. Vilaça
- Environmental and Life Sciences Graduate ProgramTrent UniversityPeterboroughOntarioCanada
| | - Samantha Bird
- Forensic Science DepartmentTrent UniversityPeterboroughOntarioCanada
| | - Susan Kutz
- Department of Ecosystem and Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryAlbertaCanada
| | | | - Christopher J. Kyle
- Environmental and Life Sciences Graduate ProgramTrent UniversityPeterboroughOntarioCanada
- Forensic Science DepartmentTrent UniversityPeterboroughOntarioCanada
- Natural Resources DNA Profiling and Forensic CentrePeterboroughOntarioCanada
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17
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de Melo Medina LC, Ítavo LCV, Ítavo CCBF, Dias AM, Gurgel ALC, Nonato LM, Arcanjo AHM, da Silva Zornitta C, de Oliveira Monteiro PE, da Silva AP. Sequential use of nutritional additives in diets for finishing Nellore steers in confinement. Trop Anim Health Prod 2023; 55:151. [PMID: 37020060 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-023-03576-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023]
Abstract
The objective was to evaluate the effect of using prebiotics (Saccharomyces cerevisiae boulardii) or Monensin in the confinement initial phase and replacing monensin with probiotics (Bacillus toyonensis) in the final phase. Forty-eight Nellore steers were used, with an initial mean body weight of 356.2 ± 17.98 kg, distributed in a completely randomized design. Two animals per pen were confined in 80 m2 pens. The experiment was divided into two stages. The first phase lasted from day 1 to the 30th day, during which the animals were divided into two groups of 24 animals each. The treatments were the nutritional additives added to the diet: monensin or prebiotics (Saccharomyces cerevisiae boulardii). In the second phase, each group was subdivided into 12 animals by treatment, which received monensin or probiotics (Bacillus toyonensis). Dry matter intake (DMI), animal performance, and economic evaluation of the use of additives were evaluated. There was no additive effect on DMI, average daily gain, and total weight gain of the animals in the first experimental stage (0-30th day). Likewise, in the second stage (31st-100th day), there was no treatment effect for the variables of intake and performance. There was no effect of the use of different nutritional additives on carcass characteristics. The use of prebiotics sequentially to probiotics promoted gross and net yield that was superior to that of the animals that consumed monensin. Yeasts and bacteria respectively in the first and second phases of confinement can replace monensin in confinement diets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luiz Cláudio de Melo Medina
- Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária E Zootecnia da Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso Do Sul, Av. Senador Filinto Müller, 2443, Cidade Universitária, Campo Grande, MS, 79070-900, Brazil
| | - Luís Carlos Vinhas Ítavo
- Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária E Zootecnia da Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso Do Sul, Av. Senador Filinto Müller, 2443, Cidade Universitária, Campo Grande, MS, 79070-900, Brazil.
| | - Camila Celeste Brandão Ferreira Ítavo
- Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária E Zootecnia da Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso Do Sul, Av. Senador Filinto Müller, 2443, Cidade Universitária, Campo Grande, MS, 79070-900, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Menezes Dias
- Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária E Zootecnia da Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso Do Sul, Av. Senador Filinto Müller, 2443, Cidade Universitária, Campo Grande, MS, 79070-900, Brazil
| | | | - Lucimara Modesto Nonato
- Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária E Zootecnia da Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso Do Sul, Av. Senador Filinto Müller, 2443, Cidade Universitária, Campo Grande, MS, 79070-900, Brazil
| | - Angelo Herbet Moreira Arcanjo
- Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária E Zootecnia da Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso Do Sul, Av. Senador Filinto Müller, 2443, Cidade Universitária, Campo Grande, MS, 79070-900, Brazil
| | - Camila da Silva Zornitta
- Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária E Zootecnia da Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso Do Sul, Av. Senador Filinto Müller, 2443, Cidade Universitária, Campo Grande, MS, 79070-900, Brazil
| | - Paulo Eduardo de Oliveira Monteiro
- Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária E Zootecnia da Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso Do Sul, Av. Senador Filinto Müller, 2443, Cidade Universitária, Campo Grande, MS, 79070-900, Brazil
| | - Amarildo Pedro da Silva
- Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária E Zootecnia da Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso Do Sul, Av. Senador Filinto Müller, 2443, Cidade Universitária, Campo Grande, MS, 79070-900, Brazil
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18
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Ge T, Yang C, Li B, Huang X, Zhao L, Zhang X, Tian L, Zhang E. High-energy diet modify rumen microbial composition and microbial energy metabolism pattern in fattening sheep. BMC Vet Res 2023; 19:32. [PMID: 36732756 PMCID: PMC9893671 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-023-03592-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Higher dietary energy is often used to achieve better animal performance in mutton sheep production. Notably, changing the diet formula affects rumen fermentation and the microbiota of ruminants. In this study, we investigated the effect of dietary energy on rumen fermentation and ruminal microbiota in fattening sheep. Fifteen 2-month-old white-headed Suffolk sheep (♂) × Hu sheep (♀) crossbred lambs were randomly divided into three treatments based on the dietary energy of the feeds fed: 8.67 MJ/kg (Low energy (LE); n = 5), 10.38 MJ/kg (standard energy (CON); n = 5), and 12.31 MJ/kg (high energy (HE); n = 5) groups. After 70 days of feeding, sheep were slaughtered and the ruminal fluids were collected and analyzed to determine fermentation parameters. Microbiota was determined using metagenomics sequencing. Notably, the microbial cell protein (MCP) and butyric acid concentrations were significantly high in the HE group. Metagenomic sequencing revealed that ACE and Chao indexes of the HE group were significantly decreased. Four genera among the major classified taxa across all the kingdoms differed in relative abundance in the three dietary energy levels. The relative abundances of Prevotella_brevis, Succiniclasticum_ruminis, Prevotellace-ae_bacterium, and Lachnospiraceae_bacterium were significantly correlated with rumen fermentation. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis further revealed that a high-energy diet increased lipid metabolism of microbiota. The Carbohydrate Active enzymes (CAZy) gene, which participates in energy metabolism, was upregulated, while genes regulating plant cell wall degradation were downregulated in the HE group. These results suggest that a high-energy diet had minimal influence on the rumen fermentation pattern but altered the composition of the rumen microbiota, enhancing microbial lipid metabolism and limiting crude fiber metabolism. The findings of this study provide scientific evidence of the effect of dietary energy on ruminant fermentation and fattening sheep production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Ge
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest Agriculture & Forestry University, Xianyang, 712100 Shaanxi China
| | - Chen Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest Agriculture & Forestry University, Xianyang, 712100 Shaanxi China
| | - Bo Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest Agriculture & Forestry University, Xianyang, 712100 Shaanxi China
| | - Xiaoyu Huang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest Agriculture & Forestry University, Xianyang, 712100 Shaanxi China
| | - Leiyun Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest Agriculture & Forestry University, Xianyang, 712100 Shaanxi China
| | - Xiaoqiang Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest Agriculture & Forestry University, Xianyang, 712100 Shaanxi China
| | - Lintao Tian
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest Agriculture & Forestry University, Xianyang, 712100 Shaanxi China
| | - Enping Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest Agriculture & Forestry University, Xianyang, 712100 Shaanxi China
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19
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Altered Fecal Microbiome and Correlations of the Metabolome with Plasma Metabolites in Dairy Cows with Left Displaced Abomasum. Microbiol Spectr 2022; 10:e0197222. [PMID: 36222683 PMCID: PMC9769586 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.01972-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Left displaced abomasum (LDA) in postpartum dairy cows contributes to significant economic losses. Dairy cows with LDA undergo excessive lipid mobilization and insulin resistance. Although gut dysbiosis is implicated, little is known about the role of the gut microbiota in the abnormal metabolic processes of LDA. To investigate the functional links among microbiota, metabolites, and disease phenotypes in LDA, we performed 16S rDNA gene amplicon sequencing and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) of fecal samples from cows with LDA (n = 10) and healthy cows (n = 10). Plasma marker profiling was synchronously analyzed. In the LDA event, gut microbiota composition and fecal metabolome were shifted in circulation with an amino acid pool deficit in dairy cows. Compared with the healthy cows, salicylic acid derived from microbiota catabolism was decreased in the LDA cows, which negatively correlated with Akkermansia, Prevotella, non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA), and β-hydroxybutyric acid (BHBA) levels. Conversely, fecal taurolithocholic acid levels were increased in cows with LDA. Based on integrated analysis with the plasma metabolome, eight genera and eight metabolites were associated with LDA. Of note, the increases in Akkermansia and Oscillospira abundances were negatively correlated with the decreases in 4-pyridoxic acid and cytidine levels, and positively correlated with the increases in NEFA and BHBA levels in amino acid deficit, indicating pyridoxal metabolism-associated gut dysbiosis and lipolysis. Changes in branched-chain amino acids implicated novel host-microbial metabolic pathways involving lipolysis and insulin resistance in cows with LDA. Overall, these results suggest an interplay between host and gut microbes contributing to LDA pathogenesis. IMPORTANCE LDA is a major contributor to economic losses in the dairy industry worldwide; however, the mechanisms associated with the metabolic changes in LDA remain unclear. Most previous studies have focused on the rumen microbiota in terms of understanding the contributors to the productivity and health of dairy cows; this study further sheds light on the relevance of the lower gut microbiota and its associated metabolites in mediating the development of LDA. This study is the first to characterize the correlation between gut microbes and metabolic phenotypes in dairy cows with LDA by leveraging multi-omics data, highlighting that the gut microbe may be involved in the regulation of lipolysis and insulin resistance by modulating the amino acid composition. Moreover, this study provides new markers for further research to understand the pathogenesis of the disease as well as to develop effective treatment and prevention strategies.
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Zhang M, Guo Y, Su R, Corazzin M, Hou R, Xie J, Zhang Y, Zhao L, Su L, Jin Y. Transcriptome analysis reveals the molecular regulatory network of muscle development and meat quality in Sunit lamb supplemented with dietary probiotic. Meat Sci 2022; 194:108996. [PMID: 36195032 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2022.108996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Supplementing animal feed with probiotic additives can promote muscle production and improve meat quality. The study aimed to explore the effects of dietary probiotics supplementation on the performance, meat quality and muscle transcriptome profile in Sunit lamb. Overall, feeding probiotics significantly increased the body length, LT area, pH24h and intramuscular fat (IMF) content, but decreased cooking loss and meat shear force compared to the control group (P < .05). A total of 651 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were found in probiotic supplemented lambs. Pathway analysis revealed that DEGs were involved in multiple pathways related to muscle development and fat deposition, such as the ECM-receptor interactions, the MAPK signaling pathway and the FoxO signaling pathway. Therefore, dietary probiotic supplementation can improve muscle development and final meat quality in Sunit lambs by altering gene expression profiles associated with key pathways, providing unique insights into the molecular mechanisms by which dietary probiotics regulate muscle development in the lamb industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agriculture University, China
| | - Yueying Guo
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agriculture University, China
| | - Rina Su
- Inner Mongolia Vocational College of Chemical Engineering, China
| | - Mirco Corazzin
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Animal Sciences, University of Udine, Italy
| | - Ran Hou
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agriculture University, China
| | - Jingyu Xie
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agriculture University, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agriculture University, China
| | - Lihua Zhao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agriculture University, China
| | - Lin Su
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agriculture University, China
| | - Ye Jin
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agriculture University, China.
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21
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Red osier dogwood and its use in animal nutrition: A review. ANIMAL NUTRITION 2022; 13:64-77. [PMID: 37009073 PMCID: PMC10060110 DOI: 10.1016/j.aninu.2022.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
As the human population increases globally, the food animal industry has not been spared from the monumental demand for edible animal products, particularly meat. This has necessitated the simultaneous expansion of the productivity of the animal sector to meet the ever-growing human needs. Although antibiotics have been used in food animal production with commendable positive impacts on their growth performance, their sole contributive factor to the increasing incidence of antimicrobial resistance has ushered the strict restrictions placed on their use in the animal sector. This has handed a setback to both animals and farmers; thus, the intense push for a more sustainable antibiotic alternative for use in animal production. The use of plants with concentrated phytogenic compounds has gained much interest due to their beneficial bioactivities, including antioxidant and selective antimicrobial. While the reported beneficial activities of phytogenic additives on animals vary due to their varying total polyphenol concentrations (TPC), red osier dogwood (ROD) plant materials boast of high TPC with excellent antioxidant prowess and growth improvement capacities compared to some plant extracts commonly used in research. However, its adoption in research and commercial scale is still low. Thus, the present review aims to provide concise information on the dietary potential of ROD plant materials in animal feeding.
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22
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Costa-Roura S, Villalba D, Balcells J, De la Fuente G. First Steps into Ruminal Microbiota Robustness. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:2366. [PMID: 36139226 PMCID: PMC9495070 DOI: 10.3390/ani12182366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite its central role in ruminant nutrition, little is known about ruminal microbiota robustness, which is understood as the ability of the microbiota to cope with disturbances. The aim of the present review is to offer a comprehensive description of microbial robustness, as well as its potential drivers, with special focus on ruminal microbiota. First, we provide a briefing on the current knowledge about ruminal microbiota. Second, we define the concept of disturbance (any discrete event that disrupts the structure of a community and changes either the resource availability or the physical environment). Third, we discuss community resistance (the ability to remain unchanged in the face of a disturbance), resilience (the ability to return to the initial structure following a disturbance) and functional redundancy (the ability to maintain or recover initial function despite compositional changes), all of which are considered to be key properties of robust microbial communities. Then, we provide an overview of the currently available methodologies to assess community robustness, as well as its drivers (microbial diversity and network complexity) and its potential modulation through diet. Finally, we propose future lines of research on ruminal microbiota robustness.
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Borsanelli AC, Athayde FRF, Riggio MP, Brandt BW, Rocha FI, Jesus EC, Gaetti-Jardim E, Schweitzer CM, Dutra IS. Dysbiosis and predicted function of dental and ruminal microbiome associated with bovine periodontitis. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:936021. [PMID: 36033883 PMCID: PMC9412940 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.936021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Extensive cattle livestock is advancing in Amazonia and its low productivity, with consequent pressure to open new areas, is partly due to sanitary problems and, among them, the periodontal diseases, whose environmental triggers or modifying factors are unknown. In this study, we used high-throughput sequencing, network analysis and predicted functions to investigate the dental and ruminal microbiota of cattle raised in new livestock areas in the Amazon and identify possible keystone pathogens and proteins associated with the disease. Ninety-three genera were common in dental and ruminal fluid microbiomes and among them periodontal pathogens such as Fusobacterium, Prevotella, Porphyromonas and Actinomyces were recognized. Network analysis showed that dental microbiomes of clinically healthy animals tend to comprise a group of OTUs in homeostasis and when analyzed together, dental and ruminal fluid microbiomes of animals with periodontitis had almost twice the number of negative edges, indicating possible competition between bacteria and dysbiosis. The incisor dental and ruminal fluid microbiomes were dominated by a core community composed of members of the phyla Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes. Network results showed that members of the Prevotella genus stood out among the top five OTUs, with the largest number of hubs in the dental and ruminal microbiota of animals with periodontitis. Protein families linked to an inflammatory environment were predicted in the dental and ruminal microbiota of cattle with periodontitis. The dissimilarity between dental microbiomes, discriminating between healthy cattle and those with periodontitis and the identification of possible key pathogens, represent an important reference to elucidate the triggers involved in the etiopathogenesis of bovine periodontitis, and possibly in the development of measures to control the disease and reduce the pressures for deforestation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana C. Borsanelli
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Universidade Federal de Goiás (UFG), Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Flávia R. F. Athayde
- Department of Production and Animal Health, School of Veterinary Medicine, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Bernd W. Brandt
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam, University of Amsterdam and VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Fernando I. Rocha
- Department of Soil, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Ederson C. Jesus
- National Agrobiology Research Center, Embrapa Agrobiologia, Seropédica, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Elerson Gaetti-Jardim
- Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, Dental School, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Christiane M. Schweitzer
- Department of Mathematics, School of Engineering, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Ilha Solteira, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Iveraldo S. Dutra
- Department of Production and Animal Health, School of Veterinary Medicine, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
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Fu Y, He Y, Xiang K, Zhao C, He Z, Qiu M, Hu X, Zhang N. The Role of Rumen Microbiota and Its Metabolites in Subacute Ruminal Acidosis (SARA)-Induced Inflammatory Diseases of Ruminants. Microorganisms 2022; 10:1495. [PMID: 35893553 PMCID: PMC9332062 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10081495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2022] [Revised: 07/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Subacute ruminal acidosis (SARA) is a common metabolic disease in ruminants. In the early stage of SARA, ruminants do not exhibit obvious clinical symptoms. However, SARA often leads to local inflammatory diseases such as laminitis, mastitis, endometritis and hepatitis. The mechanism by which SARA leads to inflammatory diseases is largely unknown. The gut microbiota is the totality of bacteria, viruses and fungi inhabiting the gastrointestinal tract. Studies have found that the gut microbiota is not only crucial to gastrointestinal health but also involved in a variety of disease processes, including metabolic diseases, autoimmune diseases, tumors and inflammatory diseases. Studies have shown that intestinal bacteria and their metabolites can migrate to extraintestinal distal organs, such as the lung, liver and brain, through endogenous pathways, leading to related diseases. Combined with the literature, we believe that the dysbiosis of the rumen microbiota, the destruction of the rumen barrier and the dysbiosis of liver function in the pathogenesis of SARA lead to the entry of rumen bacteria and/or metabolites into the body through blood or lymphatic circulation and place the body in the "chronic low-grade" inflammatory state. Meanwhile, rumen bacteria and/or their metabolites can also migrate to the mammary gland, uterus and other organs, leading to the occurrence of related inflammatory diseases. The aim of this review is to describe the mechanism by which SARA causes inflammatory diseases to obtain a more comprehensive and profound understanding of SARA and its related inflammatory diseases. Meanwhile, it is also of great significance for the joint prevention and control of diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Xiaoyu Hu
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China; (Y.F.); (Y.H.); (K.X.); (C.Z.); (Z.H.); (M.Q.)
| | - Naisheng Zhang
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China; (Y.F.); (Y.H.); (K.X.); (C.Z.); (Z.H.); (M.Q.)
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25
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Du D, Jiang W, Feng L, Zhang Y, Chen P, Wang C, Hu Z. Effect of Saccharomyces cerevisiae culture mitigates heat stress-related dame in dairy cows by multi-omics. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:935004. [PMID: 35910600 PMCID: PMC9335076 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.935004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The effect of heat stress on ruminants is an important issue. In recent years, the growth of the Chinese dairy industry has rapidly increased, generating RMB 468,738 million revenue in 2021. A decreased milk yield is the most recognized impact of heat stress on dairy cows and results in significant economic loss to dairy producers. Heat stress also lowers immunity and antioxidant capacity and changes the bacterial composition and metabolites of the rumen. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of addition Saccharomyces cerevisiae culture on heat-stressed cows. The impact of S. cerevisiae culture on microbiota composition, functional profiles, and metabolomics was assessed in heat-stressed cows. A total of 45 Holstein cows in mid-lactation were selected and randomly divided into three groups (15 cows per group). Groups D-C, D-A, and D-B were fed with the basal diet, the basal diet + first S. cerevisiae culture 100 g/day, and the basal diet + second S. cerevisiae culture 30 g/day, respectively. The trial lasted 60 days. There was an increased abundance of the Phylum Firmicutes in the rumen of heat-stressed dairy cows fed with S. cerevisiae, of which four genera had significantly higher abundance, Ruminococcus_gauvreauii_group, Butyrivibrio_2, Moryella, and Ruminiclostridium_6. At the functional level, ten pathways differed significantly between the three groups (P < 0.05), with an increase in fatty acid biosynthesis, fatty acid metabolism, PPAR signaling pathway, ferroptosis, and biotin metabolism in the treatment groups. More differential metabolites were found in the D-C and D-A groups than in the D-C and D-B groups. These results indicate that S. cerevisiae cultures can influence the health status of heat-stressed cows by modulating rumen microbial composition, function, and metabolites, thereby improving rumen cellulolytic capacity. This study can provide or offer suggestions or recommendations for the development and utilization of feed additives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dewei Du
- Ruminant Nutrition and Physiology Laboratory, College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, China
| | - Wenbo Jiang
- Ruminant Nutrition and Physiology Laboratory, College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, China
| | - Lei Feng
- Ruminant Nutrition and Physiology Laboratory, College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Ruminant Nutrition and Physiology Laboratory, College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, China
| | - Peng Chen
- Beijing Enhalor International Tech Co., Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Chengqiang Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, China
- *Correspondence: Chengqiang Wang,
| | - Zhiyong Hu
- Ruminant Nutrition and Physiology Laboratory, College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, China
- Zhiyong Hu,
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DA SILVA ZACARIASROSALINAJOÃO, CEDROLA FRANCIANE, ROSSI MARIANAFONSECA, COSTA FABIOLADASILVA, DIAS ROBERTOJÚNIOPEDROSO. Rumen ciliates (Alveolata, Ciliophora) associated with goats: checklist, geographic distribution, host specificity, phylogeny and molecular dating. Zootaxa 2022; 5165:191-216. [DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5165.2.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Although the diversity (~35 species) and worldwide distribution of goats (Ruminantia, Bovidae, Caprinae) are significant, studies on the diversity of symbiont ciliates in these mammals are scarce in comparison to other ruminants. The present work is a review and checklist of species based on taxonomic, morphologic, and ecologic studies of rumen ciliate protozoa in goats, presenting geographic distribution and hosts, as well as estimating the macroevolutionary relationships of the species observed in the studies. To that end, all of the available literature on databases was reviewed, the schematic drawings were made based on information present in the original description of the taxa, and the phylogenetic relationships were inferred based on Maximum Likelihood and Bayesian Inference analyses. According to our review, 72 species and 14 genera of ciliates have been associated with goats. Through the analysis of the association between ciliate genera and caprine hosts, it was shown that ciliates are more associated with domestic animals (Capra hircus—14 genera) than wild ones (Rupicapra rupicapra—six genera, Capra ibex—one genus, Capra pyrenaica—one genus). Thirteen countries were identified in the distribution map as having had reports of ciliate species associated with goats. The interaction networks of ciliates and their hosts showed that the species of ciliates associated with goats also occur in other herbivore mammal species. The recovered phylogenetic hypotheses show that the ciliate species in goats form a non-monophyletic group with maximum and minimum ages of ~8.2My and ~2.4My. We have also found that a large portion of the studies on the diversity of ciliates in goats does not employ all necessary techniques in an integrative way, despite it being essential for detailed descriptions and better knowledge of this fraction of biodiversity.
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Zhang Z, Gao X, Dong W, Huang B, Wang Y, Zhu M, Wang C. Plant cell wall breakdown by hindgut microorganisms: can we get scientific insights from rumen microorganisms? J Equine Vet Sci 2022; 115:104027. [PMID: 35661771 DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2022.104027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 05/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Equines and ruminants have evolved as grazing herbivores with specialized gastrointestinal tracts capable of utilizing a wide range of fibrous feeds. In China, agricultural by-products, including corn straw, wheat straw, peanut vine, wheat husk, rice husk, and grass hay, have been extensively included in both equine and ruminant diets. These plant materials, which are composed predominantly of cellulose, hemicellulose, noncellulosic polysaccharides, and lignin, are largely undegradable by equines and ruminants themselves. Their breakdown is accomplished by communities of resident microorganisms that live in symbiotic or mutualistic associations with the host. Information relating to microbial composition in the hindgut and rumen has become increasingly available. Rumen fermentation is unique in that plant cell wall breakdown relies on the cooperation between microorganisms that produce fibrolytic enzymes and that ruminant animals provide an anaerobic fermentation chamber. Similar to the rumen, the equine hindgut is also an immensely enlarged fermentative chamber that includes an extremely abundant and highly complex community of microorganisms. However, few studies have characterized the microbial functions and their utilization process of lignocellulosic feeds within the equine hindgut. The process of understanding and describing plant cell wall degradation mechanisms in the equine hindgut ecosystem is important for providing information for proper feeding practices to be implemented. In the present study, we gather existing information on the rumen and equine ecosystem and provide scientific insights for understanding the process of plant cell wall breakdown within the hindgut.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenwei Zhang
- Liaocheng Research Institute of Donkey High-Efficiency Breeding and Ecological Feeding, Agricultural Science and Engineering School, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, China
| | - Xu Gao
- Liaocheng Research Institute of Donkey High-Efficiency Breeding and Ecological Feeding, Agricultural Science and Engineering School, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, China
| | - Wanting Dong
- Liaocheng Research Institute of Donkey High-Efficiency Breeding and Ecological Feeding, Agricultural Science and Engineering School, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, China
| | - Bingjian Huang
- Liaocheng Research Institute of Donkey High-Efficiency Breeding and Ecological Feeding, Agricultural Science and Engineering School, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, China
| | - Yonghui Wang
- Liaocheng Research Institute of Donkey High-Efficiency Breeding and Ecological Feeding, Agricultural Science and Engineering School, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, China
| | - Mingxia Zhu
- Liaocheng Research Institute of Donkey High-Efficiency Breeding and Ecological Feeding, Agricultural Science and Engineering School, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, China
| | - Changfa Wang
- Liaocheng Research Institute of Donkey High-Efficiency Breeding and Ecological Feeding, Agricultural Science and Engineering School, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, China.
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Han H, Zhang L, Shang Y, Wang M, Phillips CJC, Wang Y, Su C, Lian H, Fu T, Gao T. Replacement of Maize Silage and Soyabean Meal with Mulberry Silage in the Diet of Hu Lambs on Growth, Gastrointestinal Tissue Morphology, Rumen Fermentation Parameters and Microbial Diversity. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12111406. [PMID: 35681869 PMCID: PMC9179289 DOI: 10.3390/ani12111406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 05/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary A shortage of high-quality roughage jeopardises the Chinese mutton sheep industry. The development of new roughage resources is important to safeguard the health and welfare of the sheep, to save costs, increase efficiency and improve resource utilization. Mulberry leaves have high nutritional value and have been used in herbivore production for a long time in China. However, fresh mulberry leaves are not easy to preserve, and dried mulberry leaves readily lose nutrients in the conservation process. Ensiling mulberry leaves can reduce the anti-nutritional constituents, mainly phytic acid and tannin, while reducing any nutrient loss. In this study, mulberry silage replaced part of a maize silage-based diet for fattening Hu lambs. The effects of mulberry silage on the growth of the lambs, their gastrointestinal tissue morphology, rumen fermentation parameters and bacterial diversity were investigated. The results showed that using mulberry silage in place of 20–40% of the maize silage in the diet of Hu lambs promoted their growth, while maintaining satisfactory digestion. Abstract Maize silage has a significant environmental impact on livestock due to its high requirement for fertilizer and water. Mulberry has the potential to replace much of the large amount of maize silage grown in China, but its feeding value in the conserved form needs to be evaluated. We fed Hu lambs diets with 20–60% of the maize silage replaced by mulberry silage, adjusting the soybean meal content when increasing the mulberry silage inclusion rate in an attempt to balance the crude protein content of the diets. Mulberry silage had higher crude protein and lower acidic and neutral detergent fiber contents compared to maize silage. Replacing maize silage and soyabean meal with mulberry silage had no effect on the feed intake and growth rate of Hu lambs. However, the rumen pH increased, the acetate to propionate in rumen fluid increased, and the rumen ammonia concentration decreased as mulberry replaced maize silage and soyabean meal. This was associated with an increase in norank_f__F082 bacteria in the rumen. Rumen papillae were shorter when mulberry silage replaced maize silage, which may reflect the reduced neutral detergent fiber (NDF) content of the original silage. In conclusion, mulberry silage can successfully replace maize silage and soyabeans in the diet of Hu lambs without loss of production potential, which could have significant environmental benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoqi Han
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Nutrition Regulation and Ecological Raising of Domestic Animal, College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China; (H.H.); (L.Z.); (Y.S.); (M.W.); (Y.W.); (C.S.); (T.G.)
| | - Liyang Zhang
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Nutrition Regulation and Ecological Raising of Domestic Animal, College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China; (H.H.); (L.Z.); (Y.S.); (M.W.); (Y.W.); (C.S.); (T.G.)
| | - Yuan Shang
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Nutrition Regulation and Ecological Raising of Domestic Animal, College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China; (H.H.); (L.Z.); (Y.S.); (M.W.); (Y.W.); (C.S.); (T.G.)
| | - Mingyan Wang
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Nutrition Regulation and Ecological Raising of Domestic Animal, College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China; (H.H.); (L.Z.); (Y.S.); (M.W.); (Y.W.); (C.S.); (T.G.)
| | - Clive J. C. Phillips
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Kreutzwaldi 1, 51006 Tartu, Estonia;
- Curtin University Sustainable Policy (CUSP) Institute, Curtin University, Bentley 6102, Australia
| | - Yao Wang
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Nutrition Regulation and Ecological Raising of Domestic Animal, College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China; (H.H.); (L.Z.); (Y.S.); (M.W.); (Y.W.); (C.S.); (T.G.)
| | - Chuanyou Su
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Nutrition Regulation and Ecological Raising of Domestic Animal, College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China; (H.H.); (L.Z.); (Y.S.); (M.W.); (Y.W.); (C.S.); (T.G.)
| | - Hongxia Lian
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Nutrition Regulation and Ecological Raising of Domestic Animal, College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China; (H.H.); (L.Z.); (Y.S.); (M.W.); (Y.W.); (C.S.); (T.G.)
- Correspondence: (H.L.); (T.F.)
| | - Tong Fu
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Nutrition Regulation and Ecological Raising of Domestic Animal, College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China; (H.H.); (L.Z.); (Y.S.); (M.W.); (Y.W.); (C.S.); (T.G.)
- Correspondence: (H.L.); (T.F.)
| | - Tengyun Gao
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Nutrition Regulation and Ecological Raising of Domestic Animal, College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China; (H.H.); (L.Z.); (Y.S.); (M.W.); (Y.W.); (C.S.); (T.G.)
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Effects of red cabbage extract rich in anthocyanins on rumen fermentation, rumen bacterial community, nutrient digestion, and plasma indices in beef bulls. Animal 2022; 16:100510. [PMID: 35436650 DOI: 10.1016/j.animal.2022.100510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2021] [Revised: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Dietary anthocyanins (ATH) have probiotic and antioxidant functions in humans. They may also have beneficial impacts on rumen microorganisms and subsequently nutrient digestion in cattle. The experiment aimed to study the effects of dietary red cabbage extract (RCE) rich in ATH on rumen fermentation, rumen bacterial community, and nutrient digestibility in beef bulls. Eight Simmental beef bulls and two RCE levels (0 and 120 g/d) were allocated in a replicated 2 × 2 crossover design. Each experimental period included 15 days for adaptation and subsequent 5 days for sampling. The results showed that dietary addition of RCE increased the ruminal concentration of total volatile fatty acids and the molar proportion of propionate, decreased the acetate to propionate ratio, and tended to decrease the molar proportion of acetate, but it did not affect the ruminal pH and the concentrations of ammonia N, microbial CP, monophenols, polyphenols, and total phenolics. ATH was undetectable in the ruminal fluid of beef bulls in both groups. RCE did not affect the alpha diversity of rumen bacterial community, and the relative abundances of major rumen bacteria at the phylum level, but it increased the relative abundances of Ruminobacter and Anaerovibrio and tended to increase the relative abundances of Oribacterium and Monoglobus at the genus level. RCE tended to increase the plasma concentrations of globulin and total protein, but it did not affect the plasma albumin, urea, triglyceride, glucose, and antioxidant activities. Dietary addition of RCE did not affect the apparent nutrient digestibility. In conclusion, the ATH in RCE was highly hydrolysable in rumen fluid. Dietary addition of RCE increased the ruminal concentration of total volatile fatty acids, decreased the acetate to propionate ratio, and slightly modified the rumen bacterial community, but it did not affect the nutrient digestibility and the plasma antioxidants in beef bulls.
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Kheirandish P, Petri RM, Sener-Aydemir A, Schwartz-Zimmermann HE, Berthiller F, Zebeli Q, Pacífico C. Characterization of Microbial Intolerances and Ruminal Dysbiosis Towards Different Dietary Carbohydrate Sources Using an in vitro Model. J Appl Microbiol 2022; 133:458-476. [PMID: 35396778 PMCID: PMC9545568 DOI: 10.1111/jam.15573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIM This study aimed to characterize the critical points for determining the development of dysbiosis associated with feed intolerances and ruminal acidosis. METHODS AND RESULTS A metabologenomics approach was used to characterize dynamic microbial and metabolomics shifts using the rumen simulation technique (RUSITEC) by feeding native cornstarch (ST), chemically-modified cornstarch (CMS), or sucrose (SU). SU and CMS elicited the most drastic changes as rapidly as 4 h after feeding. This was accompanied by a swift accumulation of D-lactate, and the decline of benzoic and malonic acid. A consistent increase in Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus as well as a decrease in fibrolytic bacteria was observed for both CMS and ST after 24 h, indicating intolerances within the fiber degrading populations. However, an increase in Lactobacillus was already evident in SU after 8 h. An inverse relationship between Fibrobacter and Bifidobacterium was observed in ST. In fact, Fibrobacter was positively correlated with several short-chain fatty acids (SCFA), while Lactobacillus was positively correlated with lactic acid, hexoses, hexose-phosphates, pentose phosphate pathway (PENTOSE-P-PWY) and heterolactic fermentation (P122-PWY). CONCLUSIONS The feeding of sucrose and modified starches, followed by native cornstarch, had a strong disruptive effect in the ruminal microbial community. Feed intolerances were shown to develop at different rates based on the availability of glucose for ruminal microorganisms. SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY These results can be used to establish patterns of early dysbiosis (biomarkers) and develop strategies for preventing undesirable shifts in the ruminal microbial ecosystem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parisa Kheirandish
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Innovative Gut Health Concepts of Livestock, Institute of Animal Nutrition and Functional Plant Compounds, Department for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
| | - Renee Maxine Petri
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Sherbrooke Research and Development Centre, Sherbrooke, Canada
| | - Arife Sener-Aydemir
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Innovative Gut Health Concepts of Livestock, Institute of Animal Nutrition and Functional Plant Compounds, Department for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
| | - Heidi Elisabeth Schwartz-Zimmermann
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Innovative Gut Health Concepts of Livestock, Institute of Bioanalytics and Agro-Metabolomics, Department of Agrobiotechnology (IFA-Tulln), University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Franz Berthiller
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Innovative Gut Health Concepts of Livestock, Institute of Bioanalytics and Agro-Metabolomics, Department of Agrobiotechnology (IFA-Tulln), University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Qendrim Zebeli
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Innovative Gut Health Concepts of Livestock, Institute of Animal Nutrition and Functional Plant Compounds, Department for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
| | - Cátia Pacífico
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Innovative Gut Health Concepts of Livestock, Institute of Animal Nutrition and Functional Plant Compounds, Department for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
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Bhujbal SK, Ghosh P, Vijay VK, Rathour R, Kumar M, Singh L, Kapley A. Biotechnological potential of rumen microbiota for sustainable bioconversion of lignocellulosic waste to biofuels and value-added products. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 814:152773. [PMID: 34979222 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.152773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Revised: 12/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Lignocellulosic biomass is an abundant resource with untapped potential for biofuel, enzymes, and chemical production. Its complex recalcitrant structure obstructs its bioconversion into biofuels and other value-added products. For improving its bioconversion efficiency, it is important to deconstruct its complex structure. In natural systems like rumen, diverse microbial communities carry out hydrolysis, acidogenesis, acetogenesis, and methanogenesis of lignocellulosic biomass through physical penetration, synergistic and enzymatic actions enhancing lignocellulose degradation activity. This review article aims to discuss comprehensively the rumen microbial ecosystem, their interactions, enzyme production, and applications for efficient bioconversion of lignocellulosic waste to biofuels. Furthermore, meta 'omics' approaches to elucidate the structure and functions of rumen microorganisms, fermentation mechanisms, microbe-microbe interactions, and host-microbe interactions have been discussed thoroughly. Additionally, feed additives' role in improving ruminal fermentation efficiency and reducing environmental nitrogen losses has been discussed. Finally, the current status of rumen microbiota applications and future perspectives for the development of rumen mimic bioreactors for efficient bioconversion of lignocellulosic wastes to biofuels and chemicals have been highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sachin Krushna Bhujbal
- Centre for Rural Development and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Pooja Ghosh
- Centre for Rural Development and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi 110016, India.
| | - Virendra Kumar Vijay
- Centre for Rural Development and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Rashmi Rathour
- CSIR-National Environmental and Engineering Research Institute (CSIR-NEERI), Nagpur 440020, India
| | - Manish Kumar
- CSIR-National Environmental and Engineering Research Institute (CSIR-NEERI), Nagpur 440020, India
| | - Lal Singh
- CSIR-National Environmental and Engineering Research Institute (CSIR-NEERI), Nagpur 440020, India
| | - Atya Kapley
- CSIR-National Environmental and Engineering Research Institute (CSIR-NEERI), Nagpur 440020, India
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Galyean ML, Duff GC, Rivera JD. Galyean Appreciation Club Review: Revisiting nutrition and health of newly received cattle - What have we learned in the last 15 years? J Anim Sci 2022; 100:6542850. [PMID: 35246687 PMCID: PMC9030209 DOI: 10.1093/jas/skac067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Our objective was to review the literature related to the health and management of newly received cattle published since a previous review by Duff and Galyean (2007). Bovine respiratory disease (BRD) continues to be a major challenge for the beef industry. Depending on disease severity, animals treated for BRD have decreased performance and lowered carcass value. Diagnosis of BRD is less effective than desired, and progress on developing real-time, chute-side methods to diagnose BRD has been limited. Systems that combine lung auscultation with temperature and BW data show promise. Assessment of blood metabolites and behavior monitoring offer potential for early identification of morbid animals. Vaccination and metaphylaxis continue to be important tools for prevention and control of BRD, but antimicrobial resistance is a concern with antibiotic use. Dietary energy concentration and roughage source/level continue to be important topics. Mineral supplementation has received considerable attention, particularly the use of organic vs. inorganic sources and injectable minerals or drenches given on arrival. Use of probiotics and prebiotics for newly received cattle has shown variable results, but further research is warranted. Health and nutrition of newly received cattle will continue to be an important research area in the years to come.
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Affiliation(s)
- M L Galyean
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA
| | - G C Duff
- New Mexico State University, Clayton Livestock Research Center, Clayton, NM 88415 USA
| | - J D Rivera
- University of Arkansas, Southwest Research and Extension Center, Hope, AR 71801 USA
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Composition and diversity of the seminal microbiota in bulls and its association with semen parameters. Theriogenology 2022; 182:17-25. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2022.01.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Revised: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Bajagai YS, Trotter M, Williams TM, Costa DFA, Whitton MM, Ren X, Wilson CS, Stanley D. The role of microbiota in animal health and productivity: misinterpretations and limitations. ANIMAL PRODUCTION SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1071/an21515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Effects of Selenium Supplementation on Rumen Microbiota, Rumen Fermentation, and Apparent Nutrient Digestibility of Ruminant Animals: A Review. FERMENTATION-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/fermentation8010004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Enzymes excreted by rumen microbiome facilitate the conversion of ingested plant materials into major nutrients (e.g., volatile fatty acids (VFA) and microbial proteins) required for animal growth. Diet, animal age, and health affect the structure of the rumen microbial community. Pathogenic organisms in the rumen negatively affect fermentation processes in favor of energy loss and animal deprivation of nutrients in ingested feed. Drawing from the ban on antibiotic use during the last decade, the livestock industry has been focused on increasing rumen microbial nutrient supply to ruminants through the use of natural supplements that are capable of promoting the activity of beneficial rumen microflora. Selenium (Se) is a trace mineral commonly used as a supplement to regulate animal metabolism. However, a clear understanding of its effects on rumen microbial composition and rumen fermentation is not available. This review summarized the available literature for the effects of Se on specific rumen microorganisms along with consequences for rumen fermentation and digestibility. Some positive effects on total VFA, the molar proportion of propionate, acetate to propionate ratio, ruminal NH3-N, pH, enzymatic activity, ruminal microbiome composition, and digestibility were recorded. Because Se nanoparticles (SeNPs) were more effective than other forms of Se, more studies are needed to compare the effectiveness of synthetic SeNPs and lactic acid bacteria enriched with sodium selenite as a biological source of SeNPs and probiotics. Future studies also need to evaluate the effect of dietary Se on methane emissions.
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Characterization of the Bacterial Community of Rumen in Dairy Cows with Laminitis. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12121996. [PMID: 34946945 PMCID: PMC8700892 DOI: 10.3390/genes12121996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Laminitis is the inflammation of the lamella, and it has caused great economic loss to the dairy industry and attracted wide attention around the world. In recent years, microbiota are considered to play a significant role in various diseases processes. Therefore, our study aimed to explore the characteristics of ruminal microbiota in laminitis cows. The serum of bovines with or without laminitis was collected to detect concentrations of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), lactic acid, and histamine, and ruminal fluid was collected for 16S rDNA sequence analysis. The results showed a significant increase in LPS and lactic acid levels in the laminitis group compared to the control group cows. In addition, a higher abundance of Candidatus Saccharimonas, Saccharofermentans, Erysipelotrichaceae UCG-009 genus, Acetobacter pasteurianus, Clostridium papyrosolvens, Ruminococcaceae bacterium AE2021, Porphyromonas crevioricanis, Pseudomonas boreopolis, Pseudomonas psychrotolerans, Rothia nasimurium, and Rothia pickettii was detected in the rumen fluid of laminitis bovines. In conclusion, this article confirms that there are differences in rumen microbiota between healthy and laminitis bovines. The elevated abundance of bacteria that enrich acid-enhancing metabolites, as well as increase the concentration of lactic acid and LPS, could be harmful factors to bovines and increase the risk of laminitis.
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Zhang X, Han L, Hou S, Raza SHA, Wang Z, Yang B, Sun S, Ding B, Gui L, Simal-Gandara J, Shukry M, Sayed SM, Al Hazani TMI. Effects of different feeding regimes on muscle metabolism and its association with meat quality of Tibetan sheep. Food Chem 2021; 374:131611. [PMID: 34863603 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.131611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Revised: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to explore the effects of different feeding regimes on muscle metabolism and its association with meat quality of Tibetan sheep through correlation analysis of meat quality and differential metabolites using untargeted and targeted metabolomics. The untargeted metabolome was detected by UHPLC-QTOF-MS, and the targeted metabolome was detected by UHPLC-QQQ-MS (amino acids) and GC-MS (fatty acids). Based on the researched results, the nutritional quality of meat, including the content of protein and fat and the edible quality of meat, including tenderness, water holding capacity (WHC), texture, and flavor of Tibetan sheep were superior in the stall-feeding group (GBZ) than in the traditional grazing group (CBZ). In the GBZ group, the key upregulated metabolites and metabolic pathways were dominated by essential amino acids (EAAs) and amino acid metabolism as well as the key downregulated metabolites and metabolic pathways were dominated by polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) and lipid metabolism. Correlation analysis showed that there was a significant correlation between the results of untargeted metabolomics and some phenotypic data, including shear force, cooking loss, drip loss, chewiness, elasticity, flavor, and the content of protein and fat. Taken together, stall-feeding would be appropriate for the production of Tibetan mutton, offering better mouthfeel and higher nutrition by altering the muscle metabolism and increasing the beneficial compound deposition in the muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Zhang
- College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, Qinghai University Xining, 810016, People's Republic of China
| | - Lijuan Han
- College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, Qinghai University Xining, 810016, People's Republic of China
| | - Shengzhen Hou
- College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, Qinghai University Xining, 810016, People's Republic of China.
| | - Sayed Haidar Abbas Raza
- National Beef Cattle Improvement Center, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Zhiyou Wang
- College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, Qinghai University Xining, 810016, People's Republic of China
| | - Baochun Yang
- College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, Qinghai University Xining, 810016, People's Republic of China
| | - Shengnan Sun
- College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, Qinghai University Xining, 810016, People's Republic of China
| | - Baoan Ding
- College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, Qinghai University Xining, 810016, People's Republic of China
| | - Linsheng Gui
- College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, Qinghai University Xining, 810016, People's Republic of China
| | - Jesus Simal-Gandara
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo - Ourense Campus, E-32004 Ourense, Spain
| | - Mustafa Shukry
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh 22511, Egypt
| | - Samy M Sayed
- Department of Science and Technology, University College-Ranyah, Taif University, Ranyah 21975, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tahani Mohamed Ibrahim Al Hazani
- Biology Department, College of Science and Humanities, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box: 83, Al-Kharj 11940, Saudi Arabia
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Carpinelli NA, Halfen J, Trevisi E, Chapman JD, Sharman ED, Anderson JL, Osorio JS. Effects of peripartal yeast culture supplementation on lactation performance, blood biomarkers, rumen fermentation, and rumen bacteria species in dairy cows. J Dairy Sci 2021; 104:10727-10743. [PMID: 34253357 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2020-20002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Feeding yeast culture fermentation products has been associated with improved feed intake and milk yield in transition dairy cows. These improvements in performance have been further described in terms of rumen characteristics, metabolic profile, and immune response. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of a commercial yeast culture product (YC; Culture Classic HD, Phibro Animal Health) on performance, blood biomarkers, rumen fermentation, and rumen bacterial population in dairy cows from -30 to 50 d in milk (DIM). Forty Holstein dairy cows were enrolled in a randomized complete block design from -30 to 50 DIM and blocked according to expected calving day, parity, previous milk yield, and genetic merit. At -30 DIM, cows were assigned to either a basal diet plus 114 g/d of ground corn (control; n = 20) or a basal diet plus 100 g/d of ground corn and 14 g/d of YC (n = 20), fed as a top-dress. Cows received the same close-up diet from 30 d prepartum until calving [1.39 Mcal/kg of dry matter (DM) and 12.3% crude protein (CP)] and lactation diet from calving to 50 DIM (1.60 Mcal/kg of DM and 15.6% CP). Blood samples and rumen fluid were collected at various time points from -30 to 50 d relative to calving. Cows fed YC compared with control showed a trend for increased energy-corrected milk (+3.2 kg/d). Lower somatic cell counts were observed in YC cows than in control. We detected a treatment × time interaction in nonesterified fatty acids (NEFA) that could be attributed to a trend for greater NEFA in YC cows than control at 7 DIM, followed by lower NEFA in YC cows than control at 14 and 30 DIM. In the rumen, YC contributed to mild changes in rumen fermentation, mainly increasing postpartal valerate while decreasing prepartal isovalerate. This was accompanied by alterations in rumen microbiota, including a greater abundance of cellulolytic (Fibrobacter succinogenes) and lactate-utilizing bacteria (Megasphaera elsdenii). These results describe the potential benefits of supplementing yeast culture during the late pregnancy through early lactation, at least in terms of rumen environment and performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- N A Carpinelli
- Department of Dairy and Food Sciences, South Dakota State University, Brookings 57007
| | - J Halfen
- Department of Dairy and Food Sciences, South Dakota State University, Brookings 57007; Núcleo de Pesquisa, Ensino e Extenssão em Pecuária, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil 96010610
| | - E Trevisi
- Department of Animal Sciences, Food and Nutrition (DIANA), Facoltà di Scienze Agrarie, Alimentari e Ambientali, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 29122 Piacenza, Italy
| | | | | | - J L Anderson
- Department of Dairy and Food Sciences, South Dakota State University, Brookings 57007
| | - J S Osorio
- Department of Dairy and Food Sciences, South Dakota State University, Brookings 57007.
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Hinsu AT, Tulsani NJ, Panchal KJ, Pandit RJ, Jyotsana B, Dafale NA, Patil NV, Purohit HJ, Joshi CG, Jakhesara SJ. Characterizing rumen microbiota and CAZyme profile of Indian dromedary camel (Camelus dromedarius) in response to different roughages. Sci Rep 2021; 11:9400. [PMID: 33931716 PMCID: PMC8087840 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-88943-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In dromedary camels, which are pseudo-ruminants, rumen or C1 section of stomach is the main compartment involved in fiber degradation, as in true ruminants. However, as camels are adapted to the harsh and scarce grazing conditions of desert, their ruminal microbiota makes an interesting target of study. The present study was undertaken to generate the rumen microbial profile of Indian camel using 16S rRNA amplicon and shotgun metagenomics. The camels were fed three diets differing in the source of roughage. The comparative metagenomic analysis revealed greater proportions of significant differences between two fractions of rumen content followed by diet associated differences. Significant differences were also observed in the rumen microbiota collected at different time-points of the feeding trial. However, fraction related differences were more highlighted as compared to diet dependent changes in microbial profile from shotgun metagenomics data. Further, 16 genera were identified as part of the core rumen microbiome of Indian camels. Moreover, glycoside hydrolases were observed to be the most abundant among all Carbohydrate-Active enzymes and were dominated by GH2, GH3, GH13 and GH43. In all, this study describes the camel rumen microbiota under different dietary conditions with focus on taxonomic, functional, and Carbohydrate-Active enzymes profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankit T Hinsu
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Science & A.H., Anand Agricultural University, Anand, 388001, India
| | - Nilam J Tulsani
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Science & A.H., Anand Agricultural University, Anand, 388001, India
| | - Ketankumar J Panchal
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Science & A.H., Anand Agricultural University, Anand, 388001, India
| | - Ramesh J Pandit
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Science & A.H., Anand Agricultural University, Anand, 388001, India
| | | | - Nishant A Dafale
- ICAR-Central Arid Zone Research Institute, Jodhpur, 342003, India
| | - Niteen V Patil
- ICAR-National Research Centre On Camel, Bikaner, 334001, India.,ICAR-Central Arid Zone Research Institute, Jodhpur, 342003, India
| | - Hemant J Purohit
- Environmental Biotechnology and Genomics Division, CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute, Nagpur, 440020, India
| | - Chaitanya G Joshi
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Science & A.H., Anand Agricultural University, Anand, 388001, India.,Gujarat Biotechnology Research Centre, Gandhinagar, 382010, India
| | - Subhash J Jakhesara
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Science & A.H., Anand Agricultural University, Anand, 388001, India.
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Correia Sales GF, Carvalho BF, Schwan RF, de Figueiredo Vilela L, Moreno Meneses JA, Gionbelli MP, Luiza da Silva Ávila C. Heat stress influence the microbiota and organic acids concentration in beef cattle rumen. J Therm Biol 2021; 97:102897. [PMID: 33863450 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2021.102897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of heat stress on meta-taxonomic and metabolic profiles of prokaryotes in beef cattle rumen. Six pure-breed Nellore heifers with ruminal cannulas were used in the study. Six treatments were tested in a 6 × 6 Latin Square with six periods of 21days. The treatments were evaluated in a 2 × 2 + 2 factorial arrangement, consisting of 4 combinations: two temperatures conditions (thermoneutral, TN: 24 °C; and heat stress, HS: 34 °C) and two dietary energy concentration [low-energy (37% non-fibrous carbohydrates - NFC, 12 Mcal of metabolizable energy per kg of dry matter) or high-energy concentration (50.5% NFC, 18.49 Mcal of metabolizable energy per kg of dry matter)] plus two additional treatments with animals maintained in TN conditions but with your intake restricted (TN-RI) to the same of the heifers in HS with the two dietary energy concentration. The meta-genome was sequenced by MiSeq Sequencing System platform, and the DNA sequences were analysed using Geneious 10.2.3 software. The metabolic profile was evaluated by liquid and gas chromatography. Animals under HS presented lower (P = 0.04) prokaryote richness than animals under TN conditions. The genera Flavonifractor (1.4%), Treponema (0.6%) and Ruminococcus (0.9%) showed the lowest (P < 0.04) and Carnobacterium (7.7%) the highest (P = 0.02) relative abundance when the animals were submitted to HS, in relation to animals in TN. A total of 49 different metabolites were identified in the ruminal samples. The concentration of isobutyric acid (4.32 mM) was highest in bovine rumen under HS conditions. Heat stress influenced the microbiota and concentration of some organic acids in beef cattle rumen. There was a reduction in the richness of rumen in cattle under heat stress, but the diversity of prokaryotes was not affected.
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Mombach MA, da Silva Cabral L, Lima LR, Ferreira DC, Pedreira BCE, Pereira DH. Association of ionophores, yeast, and bacterial probiotics alters the abundance of ruminal microbial species of pasture intensively finished beef cattle. Trop Anim Health Prod 2021; 53:172. [PMID: 33598856 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-021-02617-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The effect of the association of non-protein nitrogen, yeast, and bacterial probiotics on the ruminal microbiome of beef cattle intensively finished on pasture was evaluated. The experiment was carried out in a completely randomized design with five treatments and four replications. The treatments consisted of a group of animals kept on pasture that received low consumption supplementation (LS) and four groups that received for 98 days, 17.5 g concentrate kg-1 body weight. The supplements were composed of the association of additives: urea (U), slow-release non-protein nitrogen (U+SRN), yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae; U+SRN+Y), and bacterial probiotics (live strains of bacteria; U+SRN+Y+BP). All supplements also contained salinomycin and virginiamycin. After slaughtering the animals, samples of ruminal content were collected to quantify groups of fibrolytic bacteria (Ruminococcus albus and Fibrobacter succinogenes), non-fibrolytic (Prevotella ruminicola, Selenomonas ruminantium, and Streptococcus bovis), Archaea, and ciliate protozoa, using the qPCR technique. The abundance of F. succinogenes was the same for the LS animals and those that received the supplement U+SRN+Y (1.42×108 copies mL-1) but higher than the other treatments. Supplementation reduced by 90% the abundance of S. bovis compared to the LS. The inclusion of yeast increased the abundance of fibrolytic bacteria by 2.2-fold. For animals that received the supplement U+SRN+Y+BP and the LS, there was no difference for non-fibrolytic bacteria (3.07×109 copies mL-1). The use of yeasts and sources of non-protein nitrogen in high-concentrate diets for beef cattle stimulates the growth of fibrolytic bacteria, which can contribute to the reduction of digestive disorders and metabolic diseases in animals that receive diets with high concentrate in pasture intensive termination systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mircéia Angele Mombach
- Faculty of Agronomy and Animal Science, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, Mato Grosso, Brazil.
| | - Luciano da Silva Cabral
- Faculty of Agronomy and Animal Science, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, Mato Grosso, Brazil
| | - Leni Rodrigues Lima
- Faculty of Agronomy and Animal Science, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, Mato Grosso, Brazil
| | | | | | - Dalton Henrique Pereira
- Institute of Agrarian and Environmental Sciences, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Sinop, Mato Grosso, Brazil
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Wang B, Luo Y, Wang Y, Wang D, Hou Y, Yao D, Tian J, Jin Y. Rumen bacteria and meat fatty acid composition of Sunit sheep reared under different feeding regimens in China. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2021; 101:1100-1110. [PMID: 32767556 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.10720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2018] [Revised: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rumen bacteria play a critical role in feed degradation and productivity. This study evaluated the impact of feeding regimen on the rumen microbial populations and fatty acid composition of the meat of sheep. Twenty-four Sunit sheep were raised on a grass pasture from birth to 9 months of age, at which time they were randomly divided into two feeding groups: pasture feeding (PF) and barn feeding (BF). Sheep in the PF group were allowed to graze freely on wild grassland for 3 months. Sheep in the BF group were confined for 3 months to a dry barn, in which they roamed freely with corn straw and corn. RESULTS Sheep in the PF group had greater rumen bacteria diversity. The relative abundances of the genera Butyrivibrio_2, Saccharofermentans and Succiniclasticum were increased, and that of the genus RC9_gut_group was decreased, in the PF compared to the BF sheep. The n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid contents were greater in meat from PF sheep than from BF sheep. In addition, the α-linolenic acid (C18:3 n-3, ALA) and conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) contents were positively correlated with the abundance of Butyrivibrio_2. CONCLUSION Grazing may improve the diversity of rumen bacteria and increase the proportion of ALA and CLA in sheep meat. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bohui Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
- Ordos City Food Inspection and Testing Center, Ordos, China
| | - Yulong Luo
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
| | - Yu Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
| | - Debao Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
| | - Yanru Hou
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
| | - Duo Yao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
| | - Jianjun Tian
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
| | - Ye Jin
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
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Serra CR, Oliva-Teles A, Enes P, Tavares F. Gut microbiota dynamics in carnivorous European seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax) fed plant-based diets. Sci Rep 2021; 11:447. [PMID: 33432059 PMCID: PMC7801451 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-80138-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
A healthy gastrointestinal microbiota is essential for host fitness, and strongly modulated by host diet. In aquaculture, a current challenge is to feed carnivorous fish with plant-feedstuffs in substitution of fish meal, an unsustainable commodity. Plants have a limited nutritive value due to the presence of non-starch polysaccharides (NSP) which are not metabolized by fish. In this work we assessed the effects of NSP-enriched diets on European seabass gut microbiota and evaluate the selective pressure of plant feedstuffs towards gut microbes with NSP-hydrolytic potential, i.e. capable to convert indigestible dietary constituents in fish metabolites. Triplicate groups of European seabass juveniles were fed a fish meal-based diet (control) or three plant-based diets (SBM, soybean meal; RSM, rapeseed meal; SFM, sunflower meal) for 6 weeks, before recovering intestinal samples for microbiota analysis, using the Illumina's MiSeq platform. Plant-based diets impacted differently digesta and mucosal microbiota. A decrease (p = 0.020) on species richness, accompanied by a decline on the relative abundance of specific phyla such as Acidobacteria (p = 0.030), was observed in digesta samples of SBM and RSM experimental fish, but no effects were seen in mucosa-associated microbiota. Plant-based diets favored the Firmicutes (p = 0.01), in particular the Bacillaceae (p = 0.017) and Clostridiaceae (p = 0.007), two bacterial families known to harbor carbohydrate active enzymes and thus putatively more prone to grow in high NSP environments. Overall, bacterial gut communities of European seabass respond to plant-feedstuffs with adjustments in the presence of transient microorganisms (allochthonous) with carbohydrolytic potential, while maintaining a balanced core (autochthonous) microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cláudia R Serra
- CIMAR/CIIMAR - Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Universidade do Porto, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal.
| | - Aires Oliva-Teles
- CIMAR/CIIMAR - Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Universidade do Porto, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal
- Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre S/N, Ed. FC4, 4169-007, Porto, Portugal
| | - Paula Enes
- CIMAR/CIIMAR - Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Universidade do Porto, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal
- Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre S/N, Ed. FC4, 4169-007, Porto, Portugal
| | - Fernando Tavares
- Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre S/N, Ed. FC4, 4169-007, Porto, Portugal
- CIBIO - Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, InBIO - Laboratório Associado, Universidade do Porto, Campus Agrário de Vairão, 4485-661, Vairão, Portugal
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Chao R, Xia C, Pei C, Huo W, Liu Q, Zhang C, Ren Y. Comparison of the microbial communities of alpacas and sheep fed diets with three different ratios of corn stalk to concentrate. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2020; 105:26-34. [PMID: 33029865 DOI: 10.1111/jpn.13442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2019] [Revised: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the characteristics of ruminal microbial communities of alpacas (Lama pacos) and sheep (Ovis aries) fed three diets with varying ratios of roughage (corn stalk) to concentrate, 3:7 (LS), 5:5 (MS) and 7:3 (HS). Six alpacas (one-year-old and weighing 29.5 ± 7.1 kg) and six sheep (one-year-old and weighing 27.9 ± 2.7 kg) were used in this study, in a replicated 3 × 3 Latin square experiment. Total protozoa concentration was determined under the microscope; total fungi and methanogens were assessed using quantitative polymerase chain reaction and expressed as a percentage of total bacterial 16S rRNA gene copies; bacterial communities were investigated by targeted 16S rRNA gene (V3-V4 region) sequencing. The percentage of fungi was significantly higher in alpacas than in sheep under the LS diet, while the concentration of protozoa was significantly lower in alpacas under HS, MS and LS diets. The alpha diversity including Shannon, Chao l and ACE indices of bacterial communities was higher in alpacas than in sheep, under the LS diet. A total of 299 genera belonging to 22 phyla were observed in the forestomach of alpaca and sheep, with Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes dominating both animal species. Phyla Armatimonadetes and Fusobacteria, as well as 64 genera, were detected only in alpacas, whereas phyla Acidobacteria and Nitrospira, as well as 44 genera, were found only in sheep. The abundance of cellulolytic bacteria, including Butyrivibrio and Pseudobutyrivibrio, was higher in alpacas than in sheep under all three diets. These differences in the forestomach microbial communities partly explained why alpacas displayed a higher poor-quality roughage digestibility, and a lower methane production. Results also revealed that the adverse effects of high-concentrate diets (70%) were lesser in alpacas than in sheep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruimin Chao
- College of Animal Sciences, Shanxi Agricultural University, Shanxi Agricultural University, Shanxi, China
| | - Chengqiang Xia
- College of Animal Sciences, Shanxi Agricultural University, Shanxi Agricultural University, Shanxi, China
| | - Caixia Pei
- College of Animal Sciences, Shanxi Agricultural University, Shanxi Agricultural University, Shanxi, China
| | - Wenjie Huo
- College of Animal Sciences, Shanxi Agricultural University, Shanxi Agricultural University, Shanxi, China
| | - Qiang Liu
- College of Animal Sciences, Shanxi Agricultural University, Shanxi Agricultural University, Shanxi, China
| | - Chunxiang Zhang
- College of Animal Sciences, Shanxi Agricultural University, Shanxi Agricultural University, Shanxi, China
| | - Youshe Ren
- College of Animal Sciences, Shanxi Agricultural University, Shanxi Agricultural University, Shanxi, China
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McLoughlin S, Spillane C, Claffey N, Smith PE, O’Rourke T, Diskin MG, Waters SM. Rumen Microbiome Composition Is Altered in Sheep Divergent in Feed Efficiency. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:1981. [PMID: 32983009 PMCID: PMC7477290 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.01981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Rumen microbiome composition and functionality is linked to animal feed efficiency, particularly for bovine ruminants. To investigate this in sheep, we compared rumen bacterial and archaeal populations (and predicted metabolic processes) of sheep divergent for the feed efficiency trait feed conversion ratio (FCR). In our study 50 Texel cross Scottish Blackface (TXSB) ram lambs were selected from an original cohort of 200 lambs. From these, 26 were further selected for experimentation based on their extreme FCR (High Feed Efficiency, HFE = 13; Low Feed Efficiency, LFE = 13). Animals were fed a 95% concentrate diet ad libitum over 36 days. 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing was used to investigate the rumen bacterial and archaeal communities in the liquid and solid rumen fractions of sheep divergent for FCR. Weighted UniFrac distances separated HFE and LFE archaea communities from the liquid rumen fraction (Permanova, P < 0.05), with greater variation observed for the LFE cohort (Permdisp, P < 0.05). LFE animals exhibited greater Shannon and Simpson diversity indices, which was significant for the liquid rumen fraction (P < 0.05). Methanobrevibacter olleyae (in liquid and solid fractions) and Methanobrevibacter millerae (liquid fraction) were differentially abundant, and increased in the LFE cohort (P.adj < 0.05), while Methanobrevibacter wolinii (liquid fraction) was increased in the HFE cohort (P.adj < 0.05). This suggests that methanogenic archaea may be responsible for a potential loss of energy for the LFE cohort. Bacterial community composition (Permanova, P > 0.1) and diversity (P > 0.1) was not affected by the FCR phenotype. Only the genus Prevotella 1 was differentially abundant between HFE and LFE cohorts. Although no major compositional shifts of bacterial populations were identified amongst the feed efficient cohorts (FDR > 0.05), correlation analysis identified putative drivers of feed efficiency with Ruminococcaceae UCG-014 (liquid, rho = -0.53; solid, rho = -0.56) and Olsenella (solid, rho = -0.40) exhibiting significant negative association with FCR (P < 0.05). Bifidobacterium and Megasphaera showed significant positive correlations with ADG. Major cellulolytic bacteria Fibrobacter (liquid, rho = 0.43) and Ruminococcus 1 (liquid, rho = 0.41; solid, rho = 41) correlated positively with FCR (P < 0.05). Our study provides evidence that feed efficiency in sheep is likely influenced by compositional changes to the archaeal community, and abundance changes of specific bacteria, rather than major overall shifts within the rumen microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven McLoughlin
- Animal and Bioscience Research Department, Animal and Grassland Research and Innovation Centre, Teagasc, Athenry, Ireland
- Genetics and Biotechnology Laboratory, Plant and AgriBiosciences Research Centre (PABC), Ryan Institute, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Charles Spillane
- Genetics and Biotechnology Laboratory, Plant and AgriBiosciences Research Centre (PABC), Ryan Institute, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Noel Claffey
- Animal and Bioscience Research Department, Animal and Grassland Research and Innovation Centre, Teagasc, Athenry, Ireland
| | - Paul E. Smith
- Animal and Bioscience Research Department, Animal and Grassland Research and Innovation Centre, Teagasc, Athenry, Ireland
| | - Tommy O’Rourke
- Animal and Bioscience Research Department, Animal and Grassland Research and Innovation Centre, Teagasc, Athenry, Ireland
| | - Michael G. Diskin
- Animal and Bioscience Research Department, Animal and Grassland Research and Innovation Centre, Teagasc, Athenry, Ireland
| | - Sinéad M. Waters
- Animal and Bioscience Research Department, Animal and Grassland Research and Innovation Centre, Teagasc, Athenry, Ireland
- Genetics and Biotechnology Laboratory, Plant and AgriBiosciences Research Centre (PABC), Ryan Institute, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
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Wheat W, Chow L, Rozo V, Herman J, Still Brooks K, Colbath A, Hunter R, Dow S. Non-specific protection from respiratory tract infections in cattle generated by intranasal administration of an innate immune stimulant. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0235422. [PMID: 32584899 PMCID: PMC7316291 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0235422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Alternatives to antibiotics for prevention of respiratory tract infections in cattle are urgently needed given the increasing public and regulatory pressure to reduce overall antibiotic usage. Activation of local innate immune defenses in the upper respiratory tract is one strategy to induce non-specific protection against infection with the diverse array of viral and bacterial pathogens associated with bovine respiratory disease complex (BRDC), while avoiding the use of antibiotics. Our prior studies in rodent models demonstrated that intranasal administration of liposome-TLR complexes (LTC) as a non-specific immune stimulant generated high levels of protection against lethal bacterial and viral pathogens. Therefore, we conducted studies to assess LTC induction of local immune responses and protective immunity to BRDC in cattle. In vitro, LTC were shown to activate peripheral blood mononuclear cells in cattle, which was associated with secretion of INFγ and IL-6. Macrophage activation with LTC triggered intracellular killing of Mannheimia hemolytica and several other bacterial pathogens. In studies in cattle, intranasal administration of LTC demonstrated dose-dependent activation of local innate immune responses in the nasopharynx, including recruitment of monocytes and prolonged upregulation (at least 2 weeks) of innate immune cytokine gene expression by nasopharyngeal mucosal cells. In a BRDC challenge study, intranasal administration of LTC prior to pathogen exposure resulted in significant reduction in both clinical signs of infection and disease-associated euthanasia rates. These findings indicate that intranasal administration of a non-specific innate immune stimulant can be an effective method of rapidly generating generalized protection from mixed viral and bacterial respiratory tract infections in cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
- William Wheat
- Department of Clinical Sciences, From the Center for Immune and Regenerative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Ft. Collins, Colorado, United States of America
| | - Lyndah Chow
- Department of Clinical Sciences, From the Center for Immune and Regenerative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Ft. Collins, Colorado, United States of America
| | - Vanessa Rozo
- Department of Clinical Sciences, From the Center for Immune and Regenerative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Ft. Collins, Colorado, United States of America
| | - Julia Herman
- Department of Clinical Sciences, From the Center for Immune and Regenerative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Ft. Collins, Colorado, United States of America
| | - Kelly Still Brooks
- Department of Clinical Sciences, From the Center for Immune and Regenerative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Ft. Collins, Colorado, United States of America
| | - Aimee Colbath
- Department of Clinical Sciences, From the Center for Immune and Regenerative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Ft. Collins, Colorado, United States of America
| | - Randy Hunter
- Hunter Cattle Company, Wheatland, Wyoming, United States of America
| | - Steven Dow
- Department of Clinical Sciences, From the Center for Immune and Regenerative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Ft. Collins, Colorado, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Enhanced stability of a rumen-derived xylanase using SpyTag/SpyCatcher cyclization. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2020; 36:33. [DOI: 10.1007/s11274-020-2809-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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Serrano HDA, Mariezcurrena-Berasain MA, Del Carmen Gutiérrez Castillo A, Carranza BV, Pliego AB, Rojas MT, Anele UY, Salem AZM, Rivas-Caceres RR. Antimicrobial resistance of three common molecularly identified pathogenic bacteria to Allium aqueous extracts. Microb Pathog 2020; 142:104028. [PMID: 32045644 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2020.104028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2020] [Revised: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this work was to evaluate the in vitro bacterial inhibition of different types of garlic on Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Listeria monocytogenes and Staphylococcus aureus. The bacterial strains were molecularly identified using gen 16S rDNA molecular identification. Four different types of garlics were used: 1) white, 2) Japanese, 3) elephant and 3) black, and these were evaluated at two different concentrations (0.25 and 0.125 g/mL) per garlic type. Bioactive compounds present in the garlics were identified using high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to ultraviolet detector (HPLC-UV), and total polyphenols were quantified by the Folin-Ciocalteu technique. The Kirby-Bauber method was used for the bacterial evaluation. Aqueous extract of black garlic had the highest amount of polyphenols 6.26 ± 0.21 mg GAE/mL. The area of inhibition was measured and classified as sensitive, intermediate or resistant. Using the disc diffusion assay, higher concentration (0.25 g/mL) of aqueous extract of white garlic had the highest antibacterial activity area, with 21.46 ± 3.94 mm for L. monocytogenes, 20.61 ± 2.47 mm for S. aureus and 17.83 ± 2.21 mm for E. coli. White garlic had comparable antimicrobial activity as the control (tetracycline at 30 μg) as indicated by the size of the inhibition halos. Based on your results, white garlic can be used as an alternative to synthetic antimicrobials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Héctor D Arzate Serrano
- Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Toluca, México, C.P. 50090, Mexico
| | - María A Mariezcurrena-Berasain
- Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Toluca, México, C.P. 50090, Mexico.
| | | | - Benjamín Valladares Carranza
- Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Toluca, México, C.P. 50090, Mexico
| | - Alberto Barbabosa Pliego
- Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Toluca, México, C.P. 50090, Mexico
| | - Martín Talavera Rojas
- Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Toluca, México, C.P. 50090, Mexico
| | - Uchenna Y Anele
- North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University, Greensboro, NC, 27411, USA
| | - Abdelfattah Z M Salem
- Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Toluca, México, C.P. 50090, Mexico
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Krishnan D, Al-harbi H, Gibson J, Olchowy T, Alawneh J. On the use of probiotics to improve dairy cattle health and productivity. MICROBIOLOGY AUSTRALIA 2020. [DOI: 10.1071/ma20022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Probiotics are genetically identifiable, live microorganisms that when administered in adequate amounts, confer appropriately sized health benefit (e.g. correcting dysbiosis, immunomodulatory effect) on a target host. In cattle, probiotics have shown promising results and long-term benefits in productivity when used on animals under stress. The health and production benefits of probiotics were attributed to improvement in fermentation in rumen and intestine, the stabilisation of rumen pH, and improvements in the intestinal barriers. In the bovine udder, a dysbiosis of the commensal intramammary microbiota and the presence of mastitis causing-bacteria has been linked to increased intramammary infections. Probiotic bacteria capable of biofilm formation inside the udder either serve as a barrier against pathogens or disrupt and replace biofilms formed by pathogens. Over the past two decades, several types of probiotics have been used as feed additives; however, the effect of probiotic use on disease prevention and cattle health and performance indicators, and characterisation of the immunomodulatory association between probiotic microbiota and host target system microbiota are yet to be quantified or documented.
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50
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Uchiyama J, Murakami H, Sato R, Mizukami K, Suzuki T, Shima A, Ishihara G, Sogawa K, Sakaguchi M. Examination of the fecal microbiota in dairy cows infected with bovine leukemia virus. Vet Microbiol 2019; 240:108547. [PMID: 31902503 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2019.108547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Revised: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Infection of cattle by bovine leukemia virus (BLV) causes significant economic losses in terms of milk and meat production in many countries. Because the gut microbiota may be altered by immunomodulation resulting from viral infections, we hypothesized that latent BLV infection would change the gut (i.e., rumen and hindgut) microbiota of infected cattle. In this study, we compared the gut microbiota of 22 uninfected and 29 BLV-infected Holstein-Friesian cows kept on the same farm, by 16S rRNA amplicon sequence analysis of fecal samples. First, we found that the fecal microbial diversity of BLV-infected cows differed slightly from that of uninfected cows. According to differential abundance analysis, some bacterial taxa associated with ruminal fermentation, such as Lachnospiraceae and Veillonellaceae families, were enriched in the fecal microbiota of uninfected cows. Second, the virus propagation ability of BLV strains was examined in vitro, and the correlation of the fecal microbiota with this virus propagation ability was analyzed. Higher virus propagation was shown to lead to less diversity in the microbiota. Differential abundance analysis showed that one bacterial taxon of genus Sanguibacteroides was negatively correlated with the virus propagation ability of BLV strains. Considering these results, BLV infection was speculated to decrease energy production efficiency in the cows via modification of rumen and hindgut microbiota, which partly relies on the virus propagation ability of BLV strains. This may explain the secondary negative effects of BLV infections such as increased susceptibility to other infections and decreased lifetime milk production and reproductive efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jumpei Uchiyama
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, Fuchinobe 1-17-71, Chuo-ku Sagamihara-shi, Kanagawa, Japan.
| | - Hironobu Murakami
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, Fuchinobe 1-17-71, Chuo-ku Sagamihara-shi, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Reiichiro Sato
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, Fuchinobe 1-17-71, Chuo-ku Sagamihara-shi, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Keijiro Mizukami
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, Fuchinobe 1-17-71, Chuo-ku Sagamihara-shi, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Takehito Suzuki
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, Fuchinobe 1-17-71, Chuo-ku Sagamihara-shi, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Ayaka Shima
- Anicom Insurance, Inc., 8-17-1 Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 171-0033, Japan
| | - Genki Ishihara
- Anicom Insurance, Inc., 8-17-1 Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 171-0033, Japan
| | - Kazuyuki Sogawa
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, Fuchinobe 1-17-71, Chuo-ku Sagamihara-shi, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Masahiro Sakaguchi
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, Fuchinobe 1-17-71, Chuo-ku Sagamihara-shi, Kanagawa, Japan
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