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Du B, Haensch R, Alfarraj S, Rennenberg H. Strategies of plants to overcome abiotic and biotic stresses. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2024; 99:1524-1536. [PMID: 38561998 DOI: 10.1111/brv.13079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
In their environment, plants are exposed to a multitude of abiotic and biotic stresses that differ in intensity, duration and severity. As sessile organisms, they cannot escape these stresses, but instead have developed strategies to overcome them or to compensate for the consequences of stress exposure. Defence can take place at different levels and the mechanisms involved are thought to differ in efficiency across these levels. To minimise metabolic constraints and to reduce the costs of stress defence, plants prioritise first-line defence strategies in the apoplastic space, involving ascorbate, defensins and small peptides, as well as secondary metabolites, before cellular processes are affected. In addition, a large number of different symplastic mechanisms also provide efficient stress defence, including chemical antioxidants, antioxidative enzymes, secondary metabolites, defensins and other peptides as well as proteins. At both the symplastic and the apoplastic level of stress defence and compensation, a number of specialised transporters are thought to be involved in exchange across membranes that still have not been identified, and information on the regeneration of different defence compounds remains ambiguous. In addition, strategies to overcome and compensate for stress exposure operate not only at the cellular, but also at the organ and whole-plant levels, including stomatal regulation, and hypersensitive and systemic responses to prevent or reduce the spread of stress impacts within the plant. Defence can also take place at the ecosystem level by root exudation of signalling molecules and the emission of volatile organic compounds, either directly or indirectly into the rhizosphere and/or the aboveground atmosphere. The mechanisms by which plants control the production of these compounds and that mediate perception of stressful conditions are still not fully understood. Here we summarise plant defence strategies from the cellular to ecosystem level, discuss their advantages and disadvantages for plant growth and development, elucidate the current state of research on the transport and regeneration capacity of defence metabolites, and outline insufficiently explored questions for further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baoguo Du
- College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Ecological Security and Protection Key laboratory of Sichuan Province, Mianyang Normal University, Mianxing Road West 166, Mianyang, 621000, PR China
- Chair of Tree Physiology, Institute of Forest Sciences, University of Freiburg, Georges-Köhler-Allee 53, Freiburg, D-79110, Germany
| | - Robert Haensch
- Institute of Plant Biology, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Humboldtstr. 1, Braunschweig, D-38106, Germany
- Center of Molecular Ecophysiology (CMEP), College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, No. 2, Tiansheng Road, Beibei District, Chongqing, 400715, PR China
| | - Saleh Alfarraj
- King Saud University, PO Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Heinz Rennenberg
- Chair of Tree Physiology, Institute of Forest Sciences, University of Freiburg, Georges-Köhler-Allee 53, Freiburg, D-79110, Germany
- Center of Molecular Ecophysiology (CMEP), College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, No. 2, Tiansheng Road, Beibei District, Chongqing, 400715, PR China
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Singh K, Gupta R, Shokat S, Iqbal N, Kocsy G, Pérez-Pérez JM, Riyazuddin R. Ascorbate, plant hormones and their interactions during plant responses to biotic stress. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2024; 176:e14388. [PMID: 38946634 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.14388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2024] [Revised: 05/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
Plants can experience a variety of environmental stresses that significantly impact their fitness and survival. Additionally, biotic stress can harm agriculture, leading to reduced crop yields and economic losses worldwide. As a result, plants have developed defense strategies to combat potential invaders. These strategies involve regulating redox homeostasis. Several studies have documented the positive role of plant antioxidants, including Ascorbate (Asc), under biotic stress conditions. Asc is a multifaceted antioxidant that scavenges ROS, acts as a co-factor for different enzymes, regulates gene expression, and facilitates iron transport. However, little attention has been given to Asc and its transport, regulatory effects, interplay with phytohormones, and involvement in defense processes under biotic stress. Asc interacts with other components of the redox system and phytohormones to activate various defense responses that reduce the growth of plant pathogens and promote plant growth and development under biotic stress conditions. Scientific reports indicate that Asc can significantly contribute to plant resistance against biotic stress through mutual interactions with components of the redox and hormonal systems. This review focuses on the role of Asc in enhancing plant resistance against pathogens. Further research is necessary to gain a more comprehensive understanding of the molecular and cellular regulatory processes involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalpita Singh
- Department of Biological Resources, Agricultural Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Research Network (HUN-REN), Martonvásár, Hungary
- Doctoral School of Plant Sciences, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Gödöllő, Hungary
| | - Ravi Gupta
- College of General Education, Kookmin University, Seoul, Republic of South Korea
| | - Sajid Shokat
- Section for Crop Science, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Taastrup, Denmark
- Plant Breeding and Genetics Laboratory, IAEA Laboratories, Seibersdorf, Austria
| | - Nadeem Iqbal
- Department of Plant Biology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
- Doctoral School of Environmental Sciences, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Gábor Kocsy
- Department of Biological Resources, Agricultural Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Research Network (HUN-REN), Martonvásár, Hungary
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George NM, Hany-Ali G, Abdelhaliem E, Abdel-Haleem M. Alleviating the drought stress and improving the plant resistance properties of Triticum aestivum via biopriming with aspergillus fumigatus. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 24:150. [PMID: 38418956 PMCID: PMC10900732 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-024-04840-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is one of the most widely grown and vital cereal crops, containing a high percentage of basic nutrients such as carbohydrates and proteins. Drought stress is one of the most significant limitations on wheat productivity. Due to climate change influences plant development and growth, physiological processes, grain quality, and yield. Drought stress has elicited a wide range of plant responses, namely physiological and molecular adaptations. Biopriming is one of the recent attempts to combat drought stress. Mitigating the harmful impact of abiotic stresses on crops by deploying extreme-habitat-adapted symbiotic microbes. The purpose of this study was to see how biopriming Triticum aestivum grains affected the effects of inoculating endophytic fungi Aspergillus fumigatus ON307213 isolated from stressed wheat plants in four model agricultural plants (Gemmiza-7, Sids-1, Sakha8, and Giza 168). And its viability in reducing drought stress through the use of phenotypic parameters such as root and shoot fresh and dry weight, shoot and root length, and so on. On a biochemical and physiological level, enzymatic parameters such as catalase and superoxidase dismutase are used. Total phenolics, flavonoids, and photosynthetic pigments are non-enzymatic parameters. Making use of molecular techniques such as reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). RESULTS It has been found that using Aspergillus fumigatus as a biological biopriming tool can positively impact wheat plants experiencing drought stress. The total biomass of stressed wheat plants that had been bio-primed rose by more than 40% as compared to wheat plants that had not been bio-primed. A. fumigatus biopriming either increased or decreased the amount of enzymatic and non-enzymatic substances on biochemical scales, aside from the noticeable increase in photosynthetic pigment that occurs in plants that have been bio-primed and stressed. Drought-resistant genes show a biopriming influence in gene expression. CONCLUSIONS This is the first paper to describe the practicality of a. fumigatus biopriming and its effect on minimizing the degrading effects of drought through water limitation. It suggests the potential applications of arid habitat-adapted endophytes in agricultural systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nelly Michel George
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt.
| | - Gehad Hany-Ali
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt
| | - Ekram Abdelhaliem
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Abdel-Haleem
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt
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Srivastava S, Tyagi R, Sharma S. Seed biopriming as a promising approach for stress tolerance and enhancement of crop productivity: a review. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2024; 104:1244-1257. [PMID: 37824780 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.13048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
Chemicals are used extensively in agriculture to increase crop production to meet the nutritional needs of an expanding world population. However, their injudicious application adversely affects the soil's physical, chemical and biological properties, subsequently posing a substantial threat to human health and global food security. Beneficial microorganisms improve plant health and productivity with minimal impact on the environment; however, their efficacy greatly relies on the application technique. Biopriming is an advantageous technique that involves the treatment of seeds with beneficial biological agents. It exhibits immense potential in improving the physiological functioning of seeds, thereby playing a pivotal role in their uniform germination and vigor. Biopriming-mediated molecular and metabolic reprogramming imparts stress tolerance to plants, improves plant health, and enhances crop productivity. Furthermore, it is also associated with rehabilitating degraded land, and improving soil fertility, health and nutrient cycling. Although biopriming has vast applications in the agricultural system, its commercialization and utilization by farmers is still in its infancy. This review aims to critically analyze the recent studies based on biopriming-mediated stress mitigation by alteration in physiological, metabolic and molecular processes in plants. Additionally, considering the necessity of popularizing this technique, the major challenges and prospects linked to the commercialization and utilization of this technique in agricultural systems have also been discussed. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonal Srivastava
- Department of Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Rashi Tyagi
- Department of Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Shilpi Sharma
- Department of Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, India
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Meshram S, Adhikari TB. Microbiome-Mediated Strategies to Manage Major Soil-Borne Diseases of Tomato. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:364. [PMID: 38337897 PMCID: PMC10856849 DOI: 10.3390/plants13030364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
The tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) is consumed globally as a fresh vegetable due to its high nutritional value and antioxidant properties. However, soil-borne diseases can severely limit tomato production. These diseases, such as bacterial wilt (BW), Fusarium wilt (FW), Verticillium wilt (VW), and root-knot nematodes (RKN), can significantly reduce the yield and quality of tomatoes. Using agrochemicals to combat these diseases can lead to chemical residues, pesticide resistance, and environmental pollution. Unfortunately, resistant varieties are not yet available. Therefore, we must find alternative strategies to protect tomatoes from these soil-borne diseases. One of the most promising solutions is harnessing microbial communities that can suppress disease and promote plant growth and immunity. Recent omics technologies and next-generation sequencing advances can help us develop microbiome-based strategies to mitigate tomato soil-borne diseases. This review emphasizes the importance of interdisciplinary approaches to understanding the utilization of beneficial microbiomes to mitigate soil-borne diseases and improve crop productivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shweta Meshram
- Department of Plant Pathology, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144402, India;
| | - Tika B. Adhikari
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
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Thakur R, Yadav S. Patent landscaping and citation network analysis to reveal the global research trends in biopriming using microbial inoculants: an insight toward sustainable agriculture. Biol Futur 2023; 74:545-556. [PMID: 37995047 DOI: 10.1007/s42977-023-00194-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
As an alternative to harmful chemical fertilizers and toward fulfilling Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) of the United Nations, growth promoting rhizobacterial bioinoculants, emerged as potential players. These act in multifunctional ways, including seed colonization, seed germination, stress tolerance and many more, leading to proper growth and development of plants. Biopriming seeds with these beneficial multi-trait microbes is an effective way to introduce them in the soil, and this is an example of bottom-up approach of rhizosphere engineering. Using such sustainable approach is promising and, to investigate and analyze, their research trends are of prime importance. Thus, data were retrieved using Lens and Scopus databases and used for patent landscaping and citation network analysis, respectively. For patent landscaping, documents obtained using customized keyword search were broadly from the past 35 years (1987-2022) and yielded 114 patents which were manually curated in title, abstract and claims (TAC). From the year 2000, interest in this area was observed which further gained momentum from the year 2008, and a maximum peak was observed in the year 2021. Patent profile (filed, granted and published) showed an upward trend during this tenure (1987-2022). In this research article, we aim to provide an overview of current research in this field, identify research hotspots, project future development prospects and make recommendations for further research. Patent landscaping and citation network analysis were used to analyze the recent trends in biopriming approaches using microbial bioinoculants for the first time to identify progress and hotspots in the field of seed priming with PGPRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Thakur
- Department of Biotechnology, Hemvati Nandan Bahuguna Garhwal University (A Central University), Srinagar (Garhwal), Uttarakhand, 246174, India
| | - Saurabh Yadav
- Department of Biotechnology, Hemvati Nandan Bahuguna Garhwal University (A Central University), Srinagar (Garhwal), Uttarakhand, 246174, India.
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Shams AHM, Helaly AA, Algeblawi AM, Awad-Allah EFA. Efficacy of Seed-Biopriming with Trichoderma spp. and Foliar Spraying of ZnO-Nanoparticles Induce Cherry Tomato Growth and Resistance to Fusarium Wilt Disease. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:3117. [PMID: 37687362 PMCID: PMC10489679 DOI: 10.3390/plants12173117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Revised: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
Several microbes that cause plant diseases drastically lower the production of agriculture and jeopardize the safety of the world's food supply. As a result, sustainable agriculture requires disease management tactics based on modern, eco-friendly techniques as alternatives to various agrochemicals. The current study aimed to assess the antifungal activity of ZnO-nanoparticles against Fusarium solani in-vitro, and the ability of two antagonistic Trichoderma isolates, Trichoderma viride and Trichoderma harzianum, to produce antifungal secondary metabolites and identify them using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, and to evaluate the combined effects of foliar spray of ZnO-nanoparticles and bioprimed seeds of cherry tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) with two antagonistic Trichoderma isolates against Fusarium wilt disease caused by Fusarium solani in greenhouse conditions. The results revealed that, in-vitro, the highest concentration of ZnO nanoparticles (3000 ppm) resulted in the greatest decrease in Fusarium solani mycelial growth (90.91% inhibition). The scanning electron microscopy demonstrated the evident distortion in Fusarium solani growing mycelia treated with ZnO-nanoparticles, which might be the source of growth suppression. Additionally, twenty-eight bioactive chemical compounds were isolated and identified from Trichoderma spp. ethyl acetate crude extracts using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. In a greenhouse experiment, the combination of bioprimed cherry tomato plants with Trichoderma harzianum and foliar spraying of ZnO-nanoparticles at 3000 ppm was the most effective interaction treatment for reducing disease severity index (23.4%) and improving the vegetative growth parameters, micronutrient contents (Mn, Zn, and Fe in leaves), and chlorophyll content (SPAD unit), as well as stimulating phenylalanine ammonia-lyase activity of cherry tomato leaves at 75 days after sowing. In conclusion, the antifungal potential of seed-biopriming with antagonistic Trichoderma isolates and the foliar spraying of ZnO-nanoparticles can boost cherry tomato growth and confer resistance to Fusarium wilt caused by Fusarium solani.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amany H. M. Shams
- Plant Pathology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21545, Egypt;
| | - Amira A. Helaly
- Vegetable Crops Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21545, Egypt;
| | - Abeer M. Algeblawi
- Plant Protection Department, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tripoli, Tripoli 13479, Libya;
| | - Eman F. A. Awad-Allah
- Soil and Water Sciences Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21545, Egypt
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Turkan S, Mierek-Adamska A, Kulasek M, Konieczna WB, Dąbrowska GB. New seed coating containing Trichoderma viride with anti-pathogenic properties. PeerJ 2023; 11:e15392. [PMID: 37283892 PMCID: PMC10239620 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.15392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background To ensure food security in the face of climate change and the growing world population, multi-pronged measures should be taken. One promising approach uses plant growth-promoting fungi (PGPF), such as Trichoderma, to reduce the usage of agrochemicals and increase plant yield, stress tolerance, and nutritional value. However, large-scale applications of PGPF have been hampered by several constraints, and, consequently, usage on a large scale is still limited. Seed coating, a process that consists of covering seeds with low quantities of exogenous materials, is gaining attention as an efficient and feasible delivery system for PGPF. Methods We have designed a new seed coating composed of chitin, methylcellulose, and Trichoderma viride spores and assessed its effect on canola (Brassica napus L.) growth and development. For this purpose, we analyzed the antifungal activity of T. viride against common canola pathogenic fungi (Botrytis cinerea, Fusarium culmorum, and Colletotrichum sp.). Moreover, the effect of seed coating on germination ratio and seedling growth was evaluated. To verify the effect of seed coating on plant metabolism, we determined superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and expression of the stress-related RSH (RelA/SpoT homologs). Results Our results showed that the T. viride strains used for seed coating significantly restricted the growth of all three pathogens, especially F. culmorum, for which the growth was inhibited by over 40%. Additionally, the new seed coating did not negatively affect the ability of the seeds to complete germination, increased seedling growth, and did not induce the plant stress response. To summarize, we have successfully developed a cost-effective and environmentally responsible seed coating, which will also be easy to exploit on an industrial scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sena Turkan
- Department of Genetics/Faculty of Biological and Veterinary Sciences, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Toruń, Poland
- Centre for Modern Interdisciplinary Technologies, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Toruń, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Mierek-Adamska
- Department of Genetics/Faculty of Biological and Veterinary Sciences, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Toruń, Poland
- Centre for Modern Interdisciplinary Technologies, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Toruń, Poland
| | - Milena Kulasek
- Department of Genetics/Faculty of Biological and Veterinary Sciences, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Toruń, Poland
- Centre for Modern Interdisciplinary Technologies, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Toruń, Poland
| | - Wiktoria B. Konieczna
- Department of Genetics/Faculty of Biological and Veterinary Sciences, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Toruń, Poland
| | - Grażyna B. Dąbrowska
- Department of Genetics/Faculty of Biological and Veterinary Sciences, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Toruń, Poland
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Transcriptomic and metabolomic profiling reveal the mechanism underlying the inhibition of wound healing by ascorbic acid in fresh-cut potato. Food Chem 2023; 410:135444. [PMID: 36641908 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.135444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Ascorbic acid (AsA) inhibits wound healing in fresh-cut potatoes (FCP); however, the comprehensive regulatory mechanisms of the chemical during wound healing remain unclear. Here, physiobiochemical, transcriptomic, and metabolomic analyses were performed. In total, 685 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 1921 differentially accumulated metabolites (DAMs) were identified between control and AsA-treated samples. The level of the majority of DEGs expression and DAMs abundance in AsA-treated samples were similar to data of newly cut samples. The collective data indicated that the AsA treatment inhibited wound healing in FCPs by regulating glutathione metabolism, enhancing starch metabolism, and inhibiting phenylalanine metabolism, sucrose degradation, and fatty acid synthesis. Major genes and metabolites affected by AsA treatment included StGST, StPAL, StPHO1 and StLOX5, and starch, sucrose, and linoleic acid. AsA treatment increased starch content and amylase and lipoxygenase activity and decreased free fatty acid level. Our research provides fundamental insights into wound healing mechanisms in FCP.
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Zheng X, Gong M, Zhang Q, Tan H, Li L, Tang Y, Li Z, Peng M, Deng W. Metabolism and Regulation of Ascorbic Acid in Fruits. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:plants11121602. [PMID: 35736753 PMCID: PMC9228137 DOI: 10.3390/plants11121602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Revised: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Ascorbic acid, also known as vitamin C, is a vital antioxidant widely found in plants. Plant fruits are rich in ascorbic acid and are the primary source of human intake of ascorbic acid. Ascorbic acid affects fruit ripening and stress resistance and plays an essential regulatory role in fruit development and postharvest storage. The ascorbic acid metabolic pathway in plants has been extensively studied. Ascorbic acid accumulation in fruits can be effectively regulated by genetic engineering technology. The accumulation of ascorbic acid in fruits is regulated by transcription factors, protein interactions, phytohormones, and environmental factors, but the research on the regulatory mechanism is still relatively weak. This paper systematically reviews the regulation mechanism of ascorbic acid metabolism in fruits in recent decades. It provides a rich theoretical basis for an in-depth study of the critical role of ascorbic acid in fruits and the cultivation of fruits rich in ascorbic acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianzhe Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Plant Hormones and Development Regulation of Chongqing, School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China; (X.Z.); (M.G.); (Q.Z.); (Z.L.)
| | - Min Gong
- Key Laboratory of Plant Hormones and Development Regulation of Chongqing, School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China; (X.Z.); (M.G.); (Q.Z.); (Z.L.)
| | - Qiongdan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Hormones and Development Regulation of Chongqing, School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China; (X.Z.); (M.G.); (Q.Z.); (Z.L.)
| | - Huaqiang Tan
- Institute of Horticulture, Chengdu Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Chengdu 611130, China; (H.T.); (L.L.); (Y.T.)
| | - Liping Li
- Institute of Horticulture, Chengdu Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Chengdu 611130, China; (H.T.); (L.L.); (Y.T.)
| | - Youwan Tang
- Institute of Horticulture, Chengdu Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Chengdu 611130, China; (H.T.); (L.L.); (Y.T.)
| | - Zhengguo Li
- Key Laboratory of Plant Hormones and Development Regulation of Chongqing, School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China; (X.Z.); (M.G.); (Q.Z.); (Z.L.)
| | - Mingchao Peng
- Institute of Horticulture, Chengdu Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Chengdu 611130, China; (H.T.); (L.L.); (Y.T.)
- Correspondence: (M.P.); (W.D.); Tel.: +86-19981296016 (M.P.); +86-18623127580 (W.D.)
| | - Wei Deng
- Key Laboratory of Plant Hormones and Development Regulation of Chongqing, School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China; (X.Z.); (M.G.); (Q.Z.); (Z.L.)
- Correspondence: (M.P.); (W.D.); Tel.: +86-19981296016 (M.P.); +86-18623127580 (W.D.)
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Sarkar D, Rakshit A. Amalgamation of Farmers' Bio-priming Knowledge in Integrated Nutrient Management for Sustainable Management of Red Cabbage Soil Under Middle Gangetic Plains, India. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022:10.1007/s00267-022-01638-3. [PMID: 35391632 DOI: 10.1007/s00267-022-01638-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Biotic stress management through bio-priming is a common practice among the farmers of the Indo-Gangetic Plains. However, this indigenous technology is less explored for the sustainable management of soil resources. Therefore, field-based experiments (2016-17 and 2017-18) were conducted in Varanasi to evaluate the combined effect of seedling bio-priming and fertilization on biochemical properties, microbiological properties, and fertility of red cabbage soil at harvest. Based on the farmers' fertilization practice, the recommended dose of fertilizers (RDF) of N:P2O5:K2O were applied @ 120:60:60 kg ha-1. Three compatible bio-agents, viz., Trichoderma harzianum, Pseudomonas fluorescens, and Bacillus subtilis were applied alone and in combination with 75% RDF. The effect of treatment combinations was also analyzed for carbon (C) mineralization by conducting an incubation experiment for 90 days. Bio-priming treatments recorded a higher richness of soil microflora and soil fertility than control and sole application of chemical fertilizers. Application of 75% RDF + T. harzianum + P. fluorescens resulted in highest urease and cellulase activities and soil organic C. Inclusion of dual-species bacterial consortium (P. fluorescens and B. subtilis) in integrated system resulted in highest dehydrogenase activity and available P. These priming agents also exhibited significantly higher CO2 fluxes and C mineralization in our incubation study. A microbial consortium of T. harzianum and B. subtilis increased the microbial biomass C and available K. Although application of triple-species consortium improved C mineralization in laboratory conditions, the positive effects lowered down in field conditions. As a bottom-up approach, customization of bio-priming technology among farmers will help in attaining the UN-Sustainable Development Goals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepranjan Sarkar
- Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Amitava Rakshit
- Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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dos Santos LBPR, Oliveira-Santos N, Fernandes JV, Jaimes-Martinez JC, De Souza JT, Cruz-Magalhães V, Loguercio LL. Tolerance to and Alleviation of Abiotic Stresses in Plants Mediated by Trichoderma spp. Fungal Biol 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-91650-3_12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Feng M, Lv Y, Li T, Li X, Liu J, Chen X, Zhang Y, Chen X, Wang A. Postharvest Treatments with Three Yeast Strains and Their Combinations to Control Botrytis cinerea of Snap Beans. Foods 2021; 10:foods10112736. [PMID: 34829022 PMCID: PMC8618400 DOI: 10.3390/foods10112736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Three yeast strains, namely Cryptococcus albidus (Ca63), Cryptococcus albidus (Ca64), and Candida parapsilosis (Yett1006), and their combinations, including single yeast agent, two combined yeast strains, single yeast agent + NaHCO3, single yeast agent + chitosan, single yeast agent + ascorbic acid, and single yeast agent + konjac powder, were evaluated for their activity against Botrytis cinerea, the most economically important fungal pathogens causing postharvest disease of snap beans. In in vitro tests, no inhibition zone was observed in dual cultures of three yeast strains and B. cinerea. The mycelial growth inhibition rates of B. cinerea for Ca63, Ca64, and Yett1006 were 97%, 95%, and 97%, respectively. In in vivo tests, the optimal combination of the lowest disease index of snap beans with B. cinerea was Ca63 + Ca64, with a preventing effect of 75%. The decay rate and rust spots index of Ca64 + ascorbic acid combination were 25% and 20%, respectively, which were the lowest. The activities of defense-related enzymes increased, while malondialdehyde (MDA) content was suppressed in snap beans after different treatments. Our results highlight the potential of the three yeast strains and their combinations as new nonpolluting agents for the integrated control of B. cinerea on snap beans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingfang Feng
- College of Life Sciences, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (M.F.); (Y.Z.)
| | - You Lv
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (Y.L.); (T.L.); (X.L.); (X.C.); (X.C.)
| | - Tiantian Li
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (Y.L.); (T.L.); (X.L.); (X.C.); (X.C.)
| | - Xinmao Li
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (Y.L.); (T.L.); (X.L.); (X.C.); (X.C.)
| | - Jiayin Liu
- College of Sciences, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China;
| | - Xiuling Chen
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (Y.L.); (T.L.); (X.L.); (X.C.); (X.C.)
| | - Yao Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (M.F.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Xu Chen
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (Y.L.); (T.L.); (X.L.); (X.C.); (X.C.)
| | - Aoxue Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (M.F.); (Y.Z.)
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (Y.L.); (T.L.); (X.L.); (X.C.); (X.C.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-451-55190443
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Antifungal Nanoformulation for Biocontrol of Tomato Root and Crown Rot Caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. radicis- lycopersici. Antibiotics (Basel) 2021; 10:antibiotics10091132. [PMID: 34572714 PMCID: PMC8470978 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics10091132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum L.) are the most cultivated and important vegetable crop in the world. These plants can wilt during crop growth due to fusarium wilt (fusariosis), a disease that damages tomato vascular systems. The Fusarium isolated and analyzed in this work correspond to Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. radicis-lycopersici. The isolates were molecularly identified, and analysis was done on the in vitro effects of the nanoemulsions (previously obtained from extracts of Chilean medicinal plants of the genera Psoralea and Escallonia) to inhibit mycelial and conidial germination of the isolates. Subsequently, the nanoemulsions were evaluated under greenhouse conditions for preventive control of fusariosis in the root and crown, with high levels of disease control observed using the highest concentrations of these nanoemulsions, at 250 and 500 ppm.
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Abbasi S, Sadeghi A, Omidvari M, Tahan V. The stimulators and responsive genes to induce systemic resistance against pathogens: An exclusive focus on tomato as a model plant. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2021.101993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Swain H, Adak T, Mukherjee AK, Sarangi S, Samal P, Khandual A, Jena R, Bhattacharyya P, Naik SK, Mehetre ST, Baite MS, Kumar M S, Zaidi NW. Seed Biopriming With Trichoderma Strains Isolated From Tree Bark Improves Plant Growth, Antioxidative Defense System in Rice and Enhance Straw Degradation Capacity. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:633881. [PMID: 33717027 PMCID: PMC7952651 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.633881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
This study is a unique report of the utilization of Trichoderma strains collected from even tree barks for rice plant growth, its health management, and paddy straw degradation. Seven different spp. of Trichoderma were characterized according to morphological and molecular tools. Two of the isolated strains, namely Trichoderma hebeiensis and Trichoderma erinaceum, outperformed the other strains. Both of the strains controlled four important rice pathogens, i.e., Rhizoctonia solani (100%), Sclerotium oryzae (84.17%), Sclerotium rolfsii (66.67%), and Sclerotium delphinii (76.25%). Seed bio-priming with respective Trichoderma strains reduced the mean germination time, enhanced the seedling vigor and total chlorophyll content which could be related to the higher yield observed in two rice varieties; Annapurna and Satabdi. All the seven strains accelerated the decomposition of rice straw by producing higher straw degrading enzymes like total cellulase (0.97–2.59 IU/mL), endoglucanase (0.53–0.75 IU/mL), xylanase (145.35–201.35 nkat/mL), and laccase (2.48–12.60 IU/mL). They also produced higher quantities of indole acetic acid (19.19–46.28 μg/mL), soluble phosphate (297.49–435.42 μg/mL), and prussic acid (0.01–0.37 μg/mL) which are responsible for plant growth promotion and the inhibition of rice pathogen populations. Higher expression of defense enzymes like catalase (≥250% both in shoot and root), peroxidase (≥150% in root and ≥100% in shoot), superoxide dismutase (≥ 150% in root and ≥100% in shoot), polyphenol oxidase (≥160% in shoot and ≥120% in shoot), and total phenolics (≥200% in root and ≥250% in shoot) as compared to the control indicates stress tolerance ability to rice crop. The expression of the aforementioned enzymes were confirmed by the expression of corresponding defense genes like PAL (>3-fold), DEFENSIN (>1-fold), POX (>1.5-fold), LOX (>1-fold), and PR-3 (>2-fold) as compared to the non-treated control plants. This investigation demonstrates that Trichoderma strains obtained from tree bark could be considered to be utilized for the sustainable health management of rice crop.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harekrushna Swain
- Crop Protection Division, ICAR-National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack, India.,Department of Botany and Biotechnology, Ravenshaw University, Cuttack, India
| | - Totan Adak
- Crop Protection Division, ICAR-National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack, India
| | - Arup K Mukherjee
- Crop Protection Division, ICAR-National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack, India
| | - Sarmistha Sarangi
- Crop Protection Division, ICAR-National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack, India
| | - Pankajini Samal
- Crop Improvement Division, ICAR-National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack, India
| | - Ansuman Khandual
- Crop Protection Division, ICAR-National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack, India
| | - Rupalin Jena
- Crop Protection Division, ICAR-National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack, India
| | - Pratap Bhattacharyya
- Division of Crop Production, ICAR-National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack, India
| | - Soumendra K Naik
- Department of Botany and Biotechnology, Ravenshaw University, Cuttack, India
| | - Sayaji T Mehetre
- Nuclear Agriculture and Biotechnology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, India
| | - Mathew S Baite
- Crop Protection Division, ICAR-National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack, India
| | - Sunil Kumar M
- International Rice Research Institute, New Delhi, India
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de Melo PC, Collela CF, Sousa T, Pacheco D, Cotas J, Gonçalves AMM, Bahcevandziev K, Pereira L. Seaweed-Based Products and Mushroom β-Glucan as Tomato Plant Immunological Inducers. Vaccines (Basel) 2020; 8:E524. [PMID: 32933148 PMCID: PMC7565264 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines8030524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The effects of the abiotic inducers β-glucan, extracted from Shiitake (Lentinula edodes), BFIICaB® (Kappaphycus alvarezii) and BKPSGII® (K. alvarezii X Sargassum sp.) on tomato plants infected with Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici (FOL) were evaluated through the activity of enzymes related to the induction of resistance at 5 and 10 days after inoculation (DAI). Tomato plants (21 days old, after germination) were inoculated with the pathogen conidia suspension and sprayed with 0.3% aqueous solutions of the inducers. The activities of the enzymes β-1,3-glucanase, peroxidase and phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) were evaluated in fresh tomato leaves collected at 5 and 10 DAI. In all treatments, peroxidase showed the highest enzymatic activity, followed by β-1,3-glucanase and PAL. Between the seaweeds, the inducers extracted from the red alga Kappaphycus alvarezii (BFIICaB®) promoted the highest enzymatic activity. The exception was BKPSGII® (K. alvarezii X Sargassum sp.) where the influence of Sargassum sp. resulted in higher peroxidase activity (4.48 Δab600 mg P-1 min-1) in the leaves, 10 DAI. Both the red seaweed K. alvarezii and the brown alga Sargassum sp. promoted activities of β-1,3-glucanase, peroxidase and PAL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulo César de Melo
- Department of Agriculture, Federal University of Lavras/UFLA, Lavras 37200-000, Brazil; (P.C.d.M.); (C.F.C.)
| | - Carolina Figueiredo Collela
- Department of Agriculture, Federal University of Lavras/UFLA, Lavras 37200-000, Brazil; (P.C.d.M.); (C.F.C.)
| | - Tiago Sousa
- Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre (MARE), Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal; (T.S.); (D.P.); (J.C.); (A.M.M.G.)
| | - Diana Pacheco
- Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre (MARE), Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal; (T.S.); (D.P.); (J.C.); (A.M.M.G.)
| | - João Cotas
- Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre (MARE), Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal; (T.S.); (D.P.); (J.C.); (A.M.M.G.)
| | - Ana M. M. Gonçalves
- Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre (MARE), Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal; (T.S.); (D.P.); (J.C.); (A.M.M.G.)
- Department of Biology and CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Kiril Bahcevandziev
- Agricultural College of Coimbra (ESAC/IPC), Research Centre for Natural Resources Environment and Society (CERNAS), Institute of Applied Research (IIA), 3045-601 Coimbra, Portugal;
| | - Leonel Pereira
- Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre (MARE), Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal; (T.S.); (D.P.); (J.C.); (A.M.M.G.)
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