1
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Hajimohammadebrahim-Ketabforoush M, Zali A, Shahmohammadi M, Hamidieh AA. Metformin and its potential influence on cell fate decision between apoptosis and senescence in cancer, with a special emphasis on glioblastoma. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1455492. [PMID: 39267853 PMCID: PMC11390356 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1455492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2024] [Accepted: 08/12/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite reaching enormous achievements in therapeutic approaches worldwide, GBM still remains the most incurable malignancy among various cancers. It emphasizes the necessity of adjuvant therapies from the perspectives of both patients and healthcare providers. Therefore, most emerging studies have focused on various complementary and adjuvant therapies. Among them, metabolic therapy has received special attention, and metformin has been considered as a treatment in various types of cancer, including GBM. It is clearly evident that reaching efficient approaches without a comprehensive evaluation of the key mechanisms is not possible. Among the studied mechanisms, one of the more challenging ones is the effect of metformin on apoptosis and senescence. Moreover, metformin is well known as an insulin sensitizer. However, if insulin signaling is facilitated in the tumor microenvironment, it may result in tumor growth. Therefore, to partially resolve some paradoxical issues, we conducted a narrative review of related studies to address the following questions as comprehensively as possible: 1) Does the improvement of cellular insulin function resulting from metformin have detrimental or beneficial effects on GBM cells? 2) If these effects are detrimental to GBM cells, which is more important: apoptosis or senescence? 3) What determines the cellular decision between apoptosis and senescence?
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Affiliation(s)
- Melika Hajimohammadebrahim-Ketabforoush
- Student Research Committee, Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Zali
- Functional Neurosurgery Research Center, Shohada Tajrish Comprehensive Neurosurgical Center of Excellence, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammadreza Shahmohammadi
- Functional Neurosurgery Research Center, Shohada Tajrish Comprehensive Neurosurgical Center of Excellence, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Ali Hamidieh
- Pediatric Cell and Gene Therapy Research Center, Gene, Cell & Tissue Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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2
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Laval PA, Piecyk M, Guen PL, Ilie MD, Marion A, Fauvre J, Coste I, Renno T, Aznar N, Hadji C, Migdal C, Duret C, Bertolino P, Ferraro-Peyret C, Nicolas A, Chaveroux C. Soft extracellular matrix drives endoplasmic reticulum stress-dependent S quiescence underlying molecular traits of pulmonary basal cells. Acta Biomater 2024; 182:93-110. [PMID: 38788988 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2024.05.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Cell culture on soft matrix, either in 2D and 3D, preserves the characteristics of progenitors. However, the mechanism by which the mechanical microenvironment determines progenitor phenotype, and its relevance to human biology, remains poorly described. Here we designed multi-well hydrogel plates with a high degree of physico-chemical uniformity to reliably address the molecular mechanism underlying cell state modification driven by physiological stiffness. Cell cycle, differentiation and metabolic activity could be studied in parallel assays, showing that the soft environment promotes an atypical S-phase quiescence and prevents cell drift, while preserving the differentiation capacities of human bronchoepithelial cells. These softness-sensitive responses are associated with calcium leakage from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and defects in proteostasis and enhanced basal ER stress. The analysis of available single cell data of the human lung also showed that this non-conventional state coming from the soft extracellular environment is indeed consistent with molecular feature of pulmonary basal cells. Overall, this study demonstrates that mechanical mimicry in 2D culture supports allows to maintain progenitor cells in a state of high physiological relevance for characterizing the molecular events that govern progenitor biology in human tissues. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: This study focuses on the molecular mechanism behind the progenitor state induced by a soft environment. Using innovative hydrogel supports mimicking normal human lung stiffness, the data presented demonstrate that lung mechanics prevent drift while preserving the differentiation capabilities of lung epithelial cells. Furthermore, we show that the cells are positioned in a quiescent state in the atypical S phase. Mechanistically, we demonstrate that this quiescence: i) is driven by calcium leakage from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and basal activation of the PERK branch of ER stress signalling, and ii) protects cells from lethal ER stress caused by metabolic stress. Finally, we validate using human single-cell data that these molecular features identified on the soft matrix are found in basal lung cells. Our results reveal original and relevant molecular mechanisms orchestrating cell fate in a soft environment and resistance to exogenous stresses, thus providing new fundamental and clinical insights into basal cell biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre-Alexandre Laval
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, INSERM U1052, CNRS 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Marie Piecyk
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, INSERM U1052, CNRS 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Paul Le Guen
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, INSERM U1052, CNRS 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Mirela-Diana Ilie
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, INSERM U1052, CNRS 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France; Endocrinology Department, "C.I.Parhon" National Institute of Endocrinology, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Aubepart Marion
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, INSERM U1052, CNRS 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Joelle Fauvre
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, INSERM U1052, CNRS 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Isabelle Coste
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, INSERM U1052, CNRS 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Toufic Renno
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, INSERM U1052, CNRS 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Nicolas Aznar
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, INSERM U1052, CNRS 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | | | | | - Cedric Duret
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, INSERM U1052, CNRS 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Philippe Bertolino
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, INSERM U1052, CNRS 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Carole Ferraro-Peyret
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, INSERM U1052, CNRS 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France; Hospices Civils de Lyon, Plateforme AURAGEN, Lyon, France
| | - Alice Nicolas
- University Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA/LETI Minatec, Grenoble Institute of Technology, Laboratory of Technology of Microelectronics, Grenoble, France
| | - Cedric Chaveroux
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, INSERM U1052, CNRS 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France.
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3
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Jasani N, Xu X, Posorske B, Kim Y, Vera O, Tsai KY, DeNicola GM, Karreth FA. MAPK-mediated PHGDH induction is essential for melanoma formation and represents an actionable vulnerability. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.04.11.589139. [PMID: 38659816 PMCID: PMC11042198 DOI: 10.1101/2024.04.11.589139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Overexpression of PHGDH, the rate-limiting enzyme in the serine synthesis pathway, promotes melanomagenesis, melanoma cell proliferation, and survival of metastases in serine-low environments such as the brain. While PHGDH amplification explains PHGDH overexpression in a subset of melanomas, we find that PHGDH levels are universally increased in melanoma cells due to oncogenic BRAFV600E promoting PHGDH transcription through mTORC1-mediated translation of ATF4. Importantly, PHGDH expression was critical for melanomagenesis as depletion of PHGDH in genetic mouse models blocked melanoma formation. Despite BRAFV600E-mediated upregulation, PHGDH was further induced by exogenous serine restriction. Surprisingly, BRAFV600E inhibition diminished serine restriction-mediated PHGDH expression by preventing ATF4 induction, creating a potential vulnerability whereby melanoma cells could be specifically starved of serine by combining BRAFV600E inhibition with exogenous serine restriction. Indeed, we show that this combination promoted cell death in vitro and attenuated melanoma growth in vivo. This study identified a melanoma cell-specific PHGDH-dependent vulnerability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neel Jasani
- Department of Molecular Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida 33612, USA
- Cancer Biology PhD Program, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Xiaonan Xu
- Department of Molecular Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida 33612, USA
| | - Benjamin Posorske
- Department of Molecular Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida 33612, USA
| | - Yumi Kim
- Department of Metabolism and Physiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida 33612, USA
| | - Olga Vera
- Department of Molecular Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida 33612, USA
| | - Kenneth Y. Tsai
- Department of Tumor Microenvironment and Metastasis, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
- Department of Pathology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Gina M. DeNicola
- Department of Metabolism and Physiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida 33612, USA
| | - Florian A. Karreth
- Department of Molecular Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida 33612, USA
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Tsuruta K, Matsuoka M, Harada S, Enomoto A, Kumagai T, Yasuda S, Koumura T, Yamada KI, Imai H. Slowly progressive cell death induced by GPx4-deficiency occurs via MEK1/ERK2 activation as a downstream signal after iron-independent lipid peroxidation. J Clin Biochem Nutr 2024; 74:97-107. [PMID: 38510679 PMCID: PMC10948347 DOI: 10.3164/jcbn.23-101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPx4) is an antioxidant enzyme that reduces phospholipid hydroperoxide. Studies have reported that the loss of GPx4 activity through anticancer drugs leads to ferroptosis, an iron-dependent lipid peroxidation-induced cell death. In this study, we established Tamoxifen-inducible GPx4-deficient Mouse embryonic fibroblast (MEF) cells (ETK1 cells) and found that Tamoxifen-inducible gene disruption of GPx4 induces slow cell death at ~72 h. In contrast, RSL3- or erastin-induced ferroptosis occurred quickly within 24 h. Therefore, we investigated the differences in these mechanisms between GPx4 gene disruption-induced cell death and RSL3- or erastin-induced ferroptosis. We found that GPx4-deficiency induced lipid peroxidation at 24 h in Tamoxifen-treated ETK1 cells, which was not suppressed by iron chelators, although lipid peroxidation in RSL3- or erastin-treated cells induced ferroptosis that was inhibited by iron chelators. We revealed that GPx4-deficient cell death was MEK1-dependent but RSL3- or erastin-induced ferroptosis was not, although MEK1/2 inhibitors suppressed both GPx4-deficient cell death and RSL3- or erastin-induced ferroptosis. In GPx4-deficient cell death, the phosphorylation of MEK1/2 and ERK2 was observed 39 h after lipid peroxidation, but ERK1 was not phosphorylated. Selective inhibitors of ERK2 inhibited GPx4-deficient cell death but not in RSL3- or erastin-induced cell death. These findings suggest that iron-independent lipid peroxidation due to GPx4 disruption induced cell death via the activation of MEK1/ERK2 as a downstream signal of lipid peroxidation in Tamoxifen-treated ETK1 cells. This indicates that GPx4 gene disruption induces slow cell death and involves a different pathway from RSL3- and erastin-induced ferroptosis in ETK1 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kahori Tsuruta
- Department of Hygienic Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kitasato University, 5-9-1 Shirokane, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8641, Japan
- Laboratory of Microbiology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kitasato University, 5-9-1 Shirokane, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8641, Japan
| | - Masaki Matsuoka
- Department of Hygienic Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kitasato University, 5-9-1 Shirokane, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8641, Japan
| | - Shinsaku Harada
- Department of Hygienic Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kitasato University, 5-9-1 Shirokane, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8641, Japan
| | - Ayaka Enomoto
- Department of Hygienic Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kitasato University, 5-9-1 Shirokane, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8641, Japan
| | - Takeshi Kumagai
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kitasato University, 5-9-1 Shirokane, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8641, Japan
| | - Shu Yasuda
- Department of Hygienic Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kitasato University, 5-9-1 Shirokane, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8641, Japan
| | - Tomoko Koumura
- Department of Hygienic Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kitasato University, 5-9-1 Shirokane, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8641, Japan
| | - Ken-ichi Yamada
- Department of Molecular Pathobiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Made, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka-shi, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Hirotaka Imai
- Department of Hygienic Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kitasato University, 5-9-1 Shirokane, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8641, Japan
- Medical Research Laboratories, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kitasato University, 5-9-1 Shirokane, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8641, Japan
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5
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Deschênes-Simard X, Malleshaiah M, Ferbeyre G. Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinases: One Pathway, Multiple Fates. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 16:95. [PMID: 38201521 PMCID: PMC10778234 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16010095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
This comprehensive review delves into the multifaceted aspects of ERK signaling and the intricate mechanisms underlying distinct cellular fates. ERK1 and ERK2 (ERK) govern proliferation, transformation, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, differentiation, senescence, or cell death, contingent upon activation strength, duration, and context. The biochemical mechanisms underlying these outcomes are inadequately understood, shaped by signaling feedback and the spatial localization of ERK activation. Generally, ERK activation aligns with the Goldilocks principle in cell fate determination. Inadequate or excessive ERK activity hinders cell proliferation, while balanced activation promotes both cell proliferation and survival. Unraveling the intricacies of how the degree of ERK activation dictates cell fate requires deciphering mechanisms encompassing protein stability, transcription factors downstream of ERK, and the chromatin landscape.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xavier Deschênes-Simard
- Montreal University Hospital Center (CHUM), Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada;
| | - Mohan Malleshaiah
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada;
- Montreal Clinical Research Institute (IRCM), Montréal, QC H2W 1R7, Canada
| | - Gerardo Ferbeyre
- Montreal Clinical Research Institute (IRCM), Montréal, QC H2W 1R7, Canada
- Montreal Cancer Institute, CR-CHUM, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada
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6
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Montenegro MF, Martí-Díaz R, Navarro A, Tolivia J, Sánchez-Del-Campo L, Cabezas-Herrera J, Rodríguez-López JN. Targeting protein methylation in pancreatic cancer cells results in KRAS signaling imbalance and inhibition of autophagy. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:761. [PMID: 37996408 PMCID: PMC10667277 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-06288-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer cells with mutant KRAS require strong basal autophagy for viability and growth. Here, we observed that some processes that allow the maintenance of basal autophagy in pancreatic cancer cells are controlled by protein methylation. Thus, by maintaining the methylation status of proteins such as PP2A and MRAS, these cells can sustain their autophagic activity. Protein methylation disruption by a hypomethylating treatment (HMT), which depletes cellular S-adenosylmethionine levels while inducing S-adenosylhomocysteine accumulation, resulted in autophagy inhibition and endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced apoptosis in pancreatic cancer cells. We observed that by reducing the membrane localization of MRAS, hypomethylation conditions produced an imbalance in KRAS signaling, resulting in the partial inactivation of ERK and hyperactivation of the PI3K/AKT-mTORC1 pathway. Interestingly, HMT impeded CRAF activation by disrupting the ternary SHOC2 complex (SHOC2/MRAS/PP1), which functions as a CRAF-S259 holophosphatase. The demethylation events that resulted in PP2A inactivation also favored autophagy inhibition by preventing ULK1 activation while restoring the cytoplasmic retention of the MiT/TFE transcription factors. Since autophagy provides pancreatic cancer cells with metabolic plasticity to cope with various metabolic stress conditions, while at the same time promoting their pathogenesis and resistance to KRAS pathway inhibitors, this hypomethylating treatment could represent a therapeutic opportunity for pancreatic adenocarcinomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- María F Montenegro
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology A, School of Biology, University of Murcia, Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB), Murcia, Spain.
| | - Román Martí-Díaz
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology A, School of Biology, University of Murcia, Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB), Murcia, Spain
| | - Ana Navarro
- Departamento de Morfología y Biología Celular, Universidad de Oviedo, Grupo GECYEN del Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
| | - Jorge Tolivia
- Departamento de Morfología y Biología Celular, Universidad de Oviedo, Grupo GECYEN del Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
| | - Luis Sánchez-Del-Campo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology A, School of Biology, University of Murcia, Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB), Murcia, Spain
| | - Juan Cabezas-Herrera
- Molecular Therapy and Biomarkers Research Group, University Hospital Virgen de la Arrixaca, IMIB, Murcia, Spain
| | - José Neptuno Rodríguez-López
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology A, School of Biology, University of Murcia, Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB), Murcia, Spain.
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7
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Huang Y, Zhen Y, Chen Y, Sui S, Zhang L. Unraveling the interplay between RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK signaling pathway and autophagy in cancer: From molecular mechanisms to targeted therapy. Biochem Pharmacol 2023; 217:115842. [PMID: 37802240 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2023.115842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023]
Abstract
RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK signaling pathway is one of the most important pathways of Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK), which widely participate in regulating cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis and signaling transduction. Autophagy is an essential mechanism that maintains cellular homeostasis by degrading aged and damaged organelles. Recently, some studies revealed RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK signaling pathway is closely related to autophagy regulation and has a dual effect in tumor cells. However, the specific mechanism by which RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK signaling pathway participates in autophagy regulation is not fully understood. This article provides a comprehensive review of the research progress with regard to the RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK signaling pathway and autophagy, as well as their interplay in cancer therapy. The impact of small molecule inhibitors that target the RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK signaling pathway on autophagy is discussed in this study. The advantages and limitations of the clinical combination of these small molecule inhibitors with autophagy inhibitors are also explored. The findings from this study may provide additional perspectives for future cancer treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunli Huang
- Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Biomimetic Synthesis of Natural Drugs, School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Yongqi Zhen
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yanmei Chen
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Shaoguang Sui
- Emergency Department, The Second Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116000, China.
| | - Lan Zhang
- Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Biomimetic Synthesis of Natural Drugs, School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China.
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8
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Champhekar A, Heymans R, Saco J, Turon Font G, Gonzalez C, Gao A, Pham J, Lee J, Maryoung R, Medina E, Campbell KM, Karin D, Austin D, Damioseaux R, Ribas A. ERK mediates interferon gamma-induced melanoma cell death. Mol Cancer 2023; 22:165. [PMID: 37803324 PMCID: PMC10557262 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-023-01868-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Interferon-gamma (IFNγ) exerts potent growth inhibitory effects on a wide range of cancer cells through unknown signaling pathways. We pursued complementary screening approaches to characterize the growth inhibition pathway. METHODS We performed chemical genomics and whole genome targeting CRISPR/Cas9 screens using patient-derived melanoma lines to uncover essential nodes in the IFNγ-mediated growth inhibition pathway. We used transcriptomic profiling to identify cell death pathways activated upon IFNγ exposure. Live imaging experiments coupled with apoptosis assays confirmed the involvement of these pathways in IFNγ-mediated cell death. RESULTS We show that IFNγ signaling activated ERK. Blocking ERK activation rescued IFNγ-mediated apoptosis in 17 of 23 (~ 74%) cell lines representing BRAF, NRAS, NF1 mutant, and triple wild type subtypes of cutaneous melanoma. ERK signaling induced a stress response, ultimately leading to apoptosis through the activity of DR5 and NOXA proteins. CONCLUSIONS Our results provide a new understanding of the IFNγ growth inhibition pathway, which will be crucial in defining mechanisms of immunotherapy response and resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ameya Champhekar
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
| | - Rachel Heymans
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Justin Saco
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Guillem Turon Font
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Cynthia Gonzalez
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Anne Gao
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - John Pham
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - June Lee
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Ryan Maryoung
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Egmidio Medina
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Katie M Campbell
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Daniel Karin
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - David Austin
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Robert Damioseaux
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Antoni Ribas
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
- Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, San Francisco, CA, 94129, USA.
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9
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Rowell MC, Deschênes-Simard X, Lopes-Paciencia S, Le Calvé B, Kalegari P, Mignacca L, Fernandez-Ruiz A, Guillon J, Lessard F, Bourdeau V, Igelmann S, Duman AM, Stanom Y, Kottakis F, Deshpande V, Krizhanovsky V, Bardeesy N, Ferbeyre G. Targeting ribosome biogenesis reinforces ERK-dependent senescence in pancreatic cancer. Cell Cycle 2023; 22:2172-2193. [PMID: 37942963 PMCID: PMC10732607 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2023.2278945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic adenocarcinomas (PDAC) often possess mutations in K-Ras that stimulate the ERK pathway. Aberrantly high ERK activation triggers oncogene-induced senescence, which halts tumor progression. Here we report that low-grade pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia displays very high levels of phospho-ERK consistent with a senescence response. However, advanced lesions that have circumvented the senescence barrier exhibit lower phospho-ERK levels. Restoring ERK hyperactivation in PDAC using activated RAF leads to ERK-dependent growth arrest with senescence biomarkers. ERK-dependent senescence in PDAC was characterized by a nucleolar stress response including a selective depletion of nucleolar phosphoproteins and intranucleolar foci containing RNA polymerase I designated as senescence-associated nucleolar foci (SANF). Accordingly, combining ribosome biogenesis inhibitors with ERK hyperactivation reinforced the senescence response in PDAC cells. Notably, comparable mechanisms were observed upon treatment with the platinum-based chemotherapy regimen FOLFIRINOX, currently a first-line treatment option for PDAC. We thus suggest that drugs targeting ribosome biogenesis can improve the senescence anticancer response in pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- MC. Rowell
- Département de Biochimie et Médecine Moléculaire, Centre de recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - X. Deschênes-Simard
- Département de Biochimie et Médecine Moléculaire, Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - S. Lopes-Paciencia
- Département de Biochimie et Médecine Moléculaire, Centre de recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - B. Le Calvé
- Département de Biochimie et Médecine Moléculaire, Université de Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - P. Kalegari
- Département de Biochimie et Médecine Moléculaire, Centre de recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - L. Mignacca
- Département de Biochimie et Médecine Moléculaire, Université de Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - A. Fernandez-Ruiz
- Département de Biochimie et Médecine Moléculaire, Centre de recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - J. Guillon
- Département de Biochimie et Médecine Moléculaire, Centre de recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - F. Lessard
- Département de Biochimie et Médecine Moléculaire, Université de Montréal, QC, Canada
- Laboratory of Growth and Development, St-Patrick Research Group in Basic Oncology, Cancer Division of the Quebec University Research Centre, Canada, Present
| | - V. Bourdeau
- Département de Biochimie et Médecine Moléculaire, Université de Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - S Igelmann
- Département de Biochimie et Médecine Moléculaire, Centre de recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, QC, Canada
- Département de Biochimie et Médecine Moléculaire, Université de Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - AM. Duman
- Département de Biochimie et Médecine Moléculaire, Centre de recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Y. Stanom
- Département de Biochimie et Médecine Moléculaire, Université de Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - F. Kottakis
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - V. Deshpande
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - V. Krizhanovsky
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - N. Bardeesy
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - G. Ferbeyre
- Département de Biochimie et Médecine Moléculaire, Centre de recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, QC, Canada
- Département de Biochimie et Médecine Moléculaire, Université de Montréal, QC, Canada
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10
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Shin S, Han MJ, Jedrychowski MP, Zhang Z, Shokat KM, Plas DR, Dephoure N, Yoon SO. mTOR inhibition reprograms cellular proteostasis by regulating eIF3D-mediated selective mRNA translation and promotes cell phenotype switching. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112868. [PMID: 37494188 PMCID: PMC10528759 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Cells maintain and dynamically change their proteomes according to the environment and their needs. Mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) is a key regulator of proteostasis, homeostasis of the proteome. Thus, dysregulation of mTOR leads to changes in proteostasis and the consequent progression of diseases, including cancer. Based on the physiological and clinical importance of mTOR signaling, we investigated mTOR feedback signaling, proteostasis, and cell fate. Here, we reveal that mTOR targeting inhibits eIF4E-mediated cap-dependent translation, but feedback signaling activates a translation initiation factor, eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3D (eIF3D), to sustain alternative non-canonical translation mechanisms. Importantly, eIF3D-mediated protein synthesis enables cell phenotype switching from proliferative to more migratory. eIF3D cooperates with mRNA-binding proteins such as heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein F (hnRNPF), heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein K (hnRNPK), and Sjogren syndrome antigen B (SSB) to support selective mRNA translation following mTOR inhibition, which upregulates and activates proteins involved in insulin receptor (INSR)/insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF1R)/insulin receptor substrate (IRS) and interleukin 6 signal transducer (IL-6ST)/Janus kinase (JAK)/signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) signaling. Our study highlights the mechanisms by which cells establish the dynamic change of proteostasis and the resulting phenotype switch.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sejeong Shin
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Illinois College of Medicine at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Min-Joon Han
- Department of Hematology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | | | - Ziyang Zhang
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Kevan M Shokat
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - David R Plas
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Noah Dephoure
- Department of Biochemistry, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Sang-Oh Yoon
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Illinois College of Medicine at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA.
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11
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Marques-Ramos A, Cervantes R. Expression of mTOR in normal and pathological conditions. Mol Cancer 2023; 22:112. [PMID: 37454139 PMCID: PMC10349476 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-023-01820-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The mechanistic/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), a protein discovered in 1991, integrates a complex pathway with a key role in maintaining cellular homeostasis. By comprising two functionally distinct complexes, mTOR complex 1 (mTORC1) and mTORC2, it is a central cellular hub that integrates intra- and extracellular signals of energy, nutrient, and hormone availability, modulating the molecular responses to acquire a homeostatic state through the regulation of anabolic and catabolic processes. Accordingly, dysregulation of mTOR pathway has been implicated in a variety of human diseases. While major advances have been made regarding the regulators and effectors of mTOR signaling pathway, insights into the regulation of mTOR gene expression are beginning to emerge. Here, we present the current available data regarding the mTOR expression regulation at the level of transcription, translation and mRNA stability and systematize the current knowledge about the fluctuations of mTOR expression observed in several diseases, both cancerous and non-cancerous. In addition, we discuss whether mTOR expression changes can be used as a biomarker for diagnosis, disease progression, prognosis and/or response to therapeutics. We believe that our study will contribute for the implementation of new disease biomarkers based on mTOR as it gives an exhaustive perspective about the regulation of mTOR gene expression in both normal and pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Marques-Ramos
- H&TRC-Health & Technology Research Center, ESTeSL-Escola Superior de Tecnologia da Saúde, Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal.
| | - R Cervantes
- H&TRC-Health & Technology Research Center, ESTeSL-Escola Superior de Tecnologia da Saúde, Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- Public Health Research Centre, NOVA National School of Public Health, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- Comprehensive Health Research Center (CHRC), Lisbon, Portugal
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12
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Wang S, Zeng F, Ma Y, Yu J, Xiang C, Feng X, Wang S, Wang J, Zhao S, Zhu X. Strontium Attenuates Hippocampal Damage via Suppressing Neuroinflammation in High-Fat Diet-Induced NAFLD Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10248. [PMID: 37373395 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241210248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) leads to hippocampal damage and causes a variety of physiopathological responses, including the induction of endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS), neuroinflammation, and alterations in synaptic plasticity. As an important trace element, strontium (Sr) has been reported to have antioxidant effects, to have anti-inflammatory effects, and to cause the inhibition of adipogenesis. The present study was undertaken to investigate the protective effects of Sr on hippocampal damage in NAFLD mice in order to elucidate the underlying mechanism of Sr in NAFLD. The mouse model of NAFLD was established by feeding mice a high-fat diet (HFD), and the mice were treated with Sr. In the NAFLD mice, we found that treatment with Sr significantly increased the density of c-Fos+ cells in the hippocampus and inhibited the expression of caspase-3 by suppressing ERS. Surprisingly, the induction of neuroinflammation and the increased expression of inflammatory cytokines in the hippocampus following an HFD were attenuated by Sr treatment. Sr significantly attenuated the activation of microglia and astrocytes induced by an HFD. The expression of phospho-p38, ERK, and NF-κB was consistently significantly increased in the HFD group, and treatment with Sr decreased their expression. Moreover, Sr prevented HFD-induced damage to the ultra-structural synaptic architecture. This study implies that Sr has beneficial effects on repairing the damage to the hippocampus induced by an HFD, revealing that Sr could be a potential candidate for protection from neural damage caused by NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China
| | - Fangyuan Zeng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China
| | - Yue Ma
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China
| | - Jiaojiao Yu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China
| | - Chenyao Xiang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China
| | - Xiao Feng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China
| | - Songlin Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China
| | - Jianguo Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China
| | - Shanting Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China
| | - Xiaoyan Zhu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China
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13
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Identifying multiscale translational safety biomarkers using a network-based systems approach. iScience 2023; 26:106094. [PMID: 36895646 PMCID: PMC9988559 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.106094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Animal testing is the current standard for drug and chemicals safety assessment, but hazards translation to human is uncertain. Human in vitro models can address the species translation but might not replicate in vivo complexity. Herein, we propose a network-based method addressing these translational multiscale problems that derives in vivo liver injury biomarkers applicable to in vitro human early safety screening. We applied weighted correlation network analysis (WGCNA) to a large rat liver transcriptomic dataset to obtain co-regulated gene clusters (modules). We identified modules statistically associated with liver pathologies, including a module enriched for ATF4-regulated genes as associated with the occurrence of hepatocellular single-cell necrosis, and as preserved in human liver in vitro models. Within the module, we identified TRIB3 and MTHFD2 as a novel candidate stress biomarkers, and developed and used BAC-eGFPHepG2 reporters in a compound screening, identifying compounds showing ATF4-dependent stress response and potential early safety signals.
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14
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Park JH, Myung JK, Lee SJ, Kim H, Kim S, Lee SB, Jang H, Jang WI, Park S, Yang H, Shim S, Kim MJ. ABCA1-Mediated EMT Promotes Papillary Thyroid Cancer Malignancy through the ERK/Fra-1/ZEB1 Pathway. Cells 2023; 12:cells12020274. [PMID: 36672209 PMCID: PMC9857273 DOI: 10.3390/cells12020274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) is the most prevalent histological type of thyroid cancer (TC) worldwide. Although tumor metastasis occurs in regional lymph nodes, distant metastasis (DM) may also occur. Radioactive iodine (RAI) therapy is an effective treatment for TC; however, resistance to RAI occurs in patients with DM. Therefore, in this study, we investigated the efficacy of DM-related biomarkers as therapeutic targets for PTC therapy. ABCA1 expression was higher in aggressive BCPAP cells than in other PTC cells in terms of migration and invasion capacity. The knockdown of ABCA1 substantially decreased the expression of the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) marker, N-cadherin, and EMT regulator (ZEB1), resulting in suppressed migration and invasion of BCPAP cells. ABCA1 knockdown also reduced ERK activity and Fra-1 expression, which correlated with the effects of an ERK inhibitor or siRNA-mediated inhibition of ERK or Fra-1 expression. Furthermore, ABCA1-knocked-down BCPAP cells suppressed cell migration and invasion by reducing Fra-1 recruitment to Zeb1 promoter; lung metastasis was not observed in mice injected with ABCA1-knocked-down cells. Overall, our findings suggest that ABCA1 regulates lung metastasis in TC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Hye Park
- Laboratory of Radiation Exposure & Therapeutics, National Radiation Emergency Medical Center, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Science, Seoul 01812, Republic of Korea
- OPTOLANE Technologies Inc., Seongnam 13494, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Kyung Myung
- Laboratory of Radiation Exposure & Therapeutics, National Radiation Emergency Medical Center, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Science, Seoul 01812, Republic of Korea
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul 01812, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun-Joo Lee
- Laboratory of Experimental Pathology, Departments of Pathology, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Science, Seoul 01812, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyewon Kim
- Laboratory of Experimental Pathology, Departments of Pathology, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Science, Seoul 01812, Republic of Korea
| | - Soyeon Kim
- Laboratory of Radiation Exposure & Therapeutics, National Radiation Emergency Medical Center, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Science, Seoul 01812, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Bum Lee
- Laboratory of Radiation Exposure & Therapeutics, National Radiation Emergency Medical Center, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Science, Seoul 01812, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyosun Jang
- Laboratory of Radiation Exposure & Therapeutics, National Radiation Emergency Medical Center, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Science, Seoul 01812, Republic of Korea
| | - Won-Il Jang
- Laboratory of Radiation Exposure & Therapeutics, National Radiation Emergency Medical Center, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Science, Seoul 01812, Republic of Korea
- Laboratory of Experimental Pathology, Departments of Pathology, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Science, Seoul 01812, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunhoo Park
- Laboratory of Radiation Exposure & Therapeutics, National Radiation Emergency Medical Center, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Science, Seoul 01812, Republic of Korea
- Laboratory of Experimental Pathology, Departments of Pathology, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Science, Seoul 01812, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunwon Yang
- Biohealth Convergence, Seoul Women’s University, Seoul 01812, Republic of Korea
| | - Sehwan Shim
- Laboratory of Radiation Exposure & Therapeutics, National Radiation Emergency Medical Center, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Science, Seoul 01812, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence: (S.S.); (M.-J.K.); Tel.: +82-2-3399-5875 (S.S.); Fax: +82-2-3399-5870 (S.S.)
| | - Min-Jung Kim
- Laboratory of Radiation Exposure & Therapeutics, National Radiation Emergency Medical Center, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Science, Seoul 01812, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence: (S.S.); (M.-J.K.); Tel.: +82-2-3399-5875 (S.S.); Fax: +82-2-3399-5870 (S.S.)
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15
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Gwynne WD, Suk Y, Custers S, Mikolajewicz N, Chan JK, Zador Z, Chafe SC, Zhai K, Escudero L, Zhang C, Zaslaver O, Chokshi C, Shaikh MV, Bakhshinyan D, Burns I, Chaudhry I, Nachmani O, Mobilio D, Maich WT, Mero P, Brown KR, Quaile AT, Venugopal C, Moffat J, Montenegro-Burke JR, Singh SK. Cancer-selective metabolic vulnerabilities in MYC-amplified medulloblastoma. Cancer Cell 2022; 40:1488-1502.e7. [PMID: 36368321 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2022.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2022] [Revised: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
MYC-driven medulloblastoma (MB) is an aggressive pediatric brain tumor characterized by therapy resistance and disease recurrence. Here, we integrated data from unbiased genetic screening and metabolomic profiling to identify multiple cancer-selective metabolic vulnerabilities in MYC-driven MB tumor cells, which are amenable to therapeutic targeting. Among these targets, dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH), an enzyme that catalyzes de novo pyrimidine biosynthesis, emerged as a favorable candidate for therapeutic targeting. Mechanistically, DHODH inhibition acts on target, leading to uridine metabolite scarcity and hyperlipidemia, accompanied by reduced protein O-GlcNAcylation and c-Myc degradation. Pyrimidine starvation evokes a metabolic stress response that leads to cell-cycle arrest and apoptosis. We further show that an orally available small-molecule DHODH inhibitor demonstrates potent mono-therapeutic efficacy against patient-derived MB xenografts in vivo. The reprogramming of pyrimidine metabolism in MYC-driven medulloblastoma represents an unappreciated therapeutic strategy and a potential new class of treatments with stronger cancer selectivity and fewer neurotoxic sequelae.
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Affiliation(s)
- William D Gwynne
- Department of Surgery, McMaster University, 1280 Main St W, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada; Center for Discovery in Cancer Research (CDCR), McMaster University, 1280 Main St W, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Yujin Suk
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, 1280 Main St W, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada; Michael G DeGroote School of Medicine, McMaster University, 1280 Main St W, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada; Center for Discovery in Cancer Research (CDCR), McMaster University, 1280 Main St W, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Stefan Custers
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, 1280 Main St W, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada; Center for Discovery in Cancer Research (CDCR), McMaster University, 1280 Main St W, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Nicholas Mikolajewicz
- Terrence Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, 160 College St, Toronto, ON M5S 3E1, Canada
| | - Jeremy K Chan
- Terrence Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, 160 College St, Toronto, ON M5S 3E1, Canada; Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Zsolt Zador
- Department of Surgery, McMaster University, 1280 Main St W, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada; Center for Discovery in Cancer Research (CDCR), McMaster University, 1280 Main St W, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Shawn C Chafe
- Department of Surgery, McMaster University, 1280 Main St W, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada; Center for Discovery in Cancer Research (CDCR), McMaster University, 1280 Main St W, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Kui Zhai
- Department of Surgery, McMaster University, 1280 Main St W, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada; Center for Discovery in Cancer Research (CDCR), McMaster University, 1280 Main St W, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Laura Escudero
- Department of Surgery, McMaster University, 1280 Main St W, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada; Center for Discovery in Cancer Research (CDCR), McMaster University, 1280 Main St W, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Cunjie Zhang
- Terrence Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, 160 College St, Toronto, ON M5S 3E1, Canada; Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Olga Zaslaver
- Terrence Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, 160 College St, Toronto, ON M5S 3E1, Canada; Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Chirayu Chokshi
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, 1280 Main St W, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Muhammad Vaseem Shaikh
- Department of Surgery, McMaster University, 1280 Main St W, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada; Center for Discovery in Cancer Research (CDCR), McMaster University, 1280 Main St W, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - David Bakhshinyan
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, 1280 Main St W, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Ian Burns
- Michael G DeGroote School of Medicine, McMaster University, 1280 Main St W, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Iqra Chaudhry
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, 1280 Main St W, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada; Center for Discovery in Cancer Research (CDCR), McMaster University, 1280 Main St W, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Omri Nachmani
- Terrence Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, 160 College St, Toronto, ON M5S 3E1, Canada
| | - Daniel Mobilio
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, 1280 Main St W, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada; Center for Discovery in Cancer Research (CDCR), McMaster University, 1280 Main St W, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - William T Maich
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, 1280 Main St W, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada; Center for Discovery in Cancer Research (CDCR), McMaster University, 1280 Main St W, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Patricia Mero
- Terrence Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, 160 College St, Toronto, ON M5S 3E1, Canada; Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Kevin R Brown
- Terrence Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, 160 College St, Toronto, ON M5S 3E1, Canada
| | - Andrew T Quaile
- Terrence Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, 160 College St, Toronto, ON M5S 3E1, Canada; Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Chitra Venugopal
- Department of Surgery, McMaster University, 1280 Main St W, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada; Center for Discovery in Cancer Research (CDCR), McMaster University, 1280 Main St W, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Jason Moffat
- Terrence Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, 160 College St, Toronto, ON M5S 3E1, Canada; Institute for Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3G9, Canada; Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - J Rafael Montenegro-Burke
- Terrence Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, 160 College St, Toronto, ON M5S 3E1, Canada; Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada.
| | - Sheila K Singh
- Department of Surgery, McMaster University, 1280 Main St W, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada; Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, 1280 Main St W, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada; Center for Discovery in Cancer Research (CDCR), McMaster University, 1280 Main St W, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada.
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16
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McGrail K, Granado-Martínez P, Esteve-Puig R, García-Ortega S, Ding Y, Sánchez-Redondo S, Ferrer B, Hernandez-Losa J, Canals F, Manzano A, Navarro-Sabaté A, Bartrons R, Yanes O, Pérez-Alea M, Muñoz-Couselo E, Garcia-Patos V, Recio JA. BRAF activation by metabolic stress promotes glycolysis sensitizing NRAS Q61-mutated melanomas to targeted therapy. Nat Commun 2022; 13:7113. [PMID: 36402789 PMCID: PMC9675737 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-34907-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
NRAS-mutated melanoma lacks a specific line of treatment. Metabolic reprogramming is considered a novel target to control cancer; however, NRAS-oncogene contribution to this cancer hallmark is mostly unknown. Here, we show that NRASQ61-mutated melanomas specific metabolic settings mediate cell sensitivity to sorafenib upon metabolic stress. Mechanistically, these cells are dependent on glucose metabolism, in which glucose deprivation promotes a switch from CRAF to BRAF signaling. This scenario contributes to cell survival and sustains glucose metabolism through BRAF-mediated phosphorylation of 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-bisphosphatase-2/3 (PFKFB2/PFKFB3). In turn, this favors the allosteric activation of phosphofructokinase-1 (PFK1), generating a feedback loop that couples glycolytic flux and the RAS signaling pathway. An in vivo treatment of NRASQ61 mutant melanomas, including patient-derived xenografts, with 2-deoxy-D-glucose (2-DG) and sorafenib effectively inhibits tumor growth. Thus, we provide evidence for NRAS-oncogene contributions to metabolic rewiring and a proof-of-principle for the treatment of NRASQ61-mutated melanoma combining metabolic stress (glycolysis inhibitors) and previously approved drugs, such as sorafenib.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberley McGrail
- grid.430994.30000 0004 1763 0287Biomedical Research in Melanoma-Animal Models and Cancer Laboratory, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Vall d’Hebron Hospital Barcelona-UAB, Barcelona, 08035 Spain
| | - Paula Granado-Martínez
- grid.430994.30000 0004 1763 0287Biomedical Research in Melanoma-Animal Models and Cancer Laboratory, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Vall d’Hebron Hospital Barcelona-UAB, Barcelona, 08035 Spain
| | - Rosaura Esteve-Puig
- grid.430994.30000 0004 1763 0287Biomedical Research in Melanoma-Animal Models and Cancer Laboratory, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Vall d’Hebron Hospital Barcelona-UAB, Barcelona, 08035 Spain ,Present Address: MAJ3 Capital S.L, Barcelona, 08018 Spain
| | - Sara García-Ortega
- grid.430994.30000 0004 1763 0287Biomedical Research in Melanoma-Animal Models and Cancer Laboratory, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Vall d’Hebron Hospital Barcelona-UAB, Barcelona, 08035 Spain
| | - Yuxin Ding
- grid.430994.30000 0004 1763 0287Biomedical Research in Melanoma-Animal Models and Cancer Laboratory, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Vall d’Hebron Hospital Barcelona-UAB, Barcelona, 08035 Spain
| | - Sara Sánchez-Redondo
- grid.430994.30000 0004 1763 0287Biomedical Research in Melanoma-Animal Models and Cancer Laboratory, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Vall d’Hebron Hospital Barcelona-UAB, Barcelona, 08035 Spain ,grid.7719.80000 0000 8700 1153Present Address: Microenvironment & Metastasis Group, Molecular Oncology Program, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
| | - Berta Ferrer
- grid.430994.30000 0004 1763 0287Biomedical Research in Melanoma-Animal Models and Cancer Laboratory, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Vall d’Hebron Hospital Barcelona-UAB, Barcelona, 08035 Spain ,grid.411083.f0000 0001 0675 8654Anatomy Pathology Department, Vall d’Hebron Hospital Barcelona-UAB, Barcelona, 08035 Spain
| | - Javier Hernandez-Losa
- grid.411083.f0000 0001 0675 8654Anatomy Pathology Department, Vall d’Hebron Hospital Barcelona-UAB, Barcelona, 08035 Spain
| | - Francesc Canals
- grid.411083.f0000 0001 0675 8654Proteomics Laboratory, Vall d’Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Barcelona, 08035 Spain
| | - Anna Manzano
- grid.418284.30000 0004 0427 2257Department of Physiological Sciences, University of Barcelona, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Aura Navarro-Sabaté
- grid.418284.30000 0004 0427 2257Department of Physiological Sciences, University of Barcelona, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ramón Bartrons
- grid.418284.30000 0004 0427 2257Department of Physiological Sciences, University of Barcelona, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Oscar Yanes
- grid.410367.70000 0001 2284 9230Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Department of Electronic Engineering, IISPV, Tarragona, Spain ,grid.413448.e0000 0000 9314 1427CIBER on Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Diseases (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mileidys Pérez-Alea
- grid.430994.30000 0004 1763 0287Biomedical Research in Melanoma-Animal Models and Cancer Laboratory, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Vall d’Hebron Hospital Barcelona-UAB, Barcelona, 08035 Spain ,Present Address: Advance Biodesign, 69800 Saint-Priest, France
| | - Eva Muñoz-Couselo
- grid.430994.30000 0004 1763 0287Biomedical Research in Melanoma-Animal Models and Cancer Laboratory, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Vall d’Hebron Hospital Barcelona-UAB, Barcelona, 08035 Spain ,grid.411083.f0000 0001 0675 8654Clinical Oncology Program, Vall d’Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Vall d’Hebron Hospital Barcelona-UAB, Barcelona, 08035 Spain
| | - Vicenç Garcia-Patos
- grid.430994.30000 0004 1763 0287Biomedical Research in Melanoma-Animal Models and Cancer Laboratory, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Vall d’Hebron Hospital Barcelona-UAB, Barcelona, 08035 Spain ,grid.411083.f0000 0001 0675 8654Dermatology Department, Vall d’Hebron Hospital Barcelona-UAB, Barcelona, 08035 Spain
| | - Juan A. Recio
- grid.430994.30000 0004 1763 0287Biomedical Research in Melanoma-Animal Models and Cancer Laboratory, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Vall d’Hebron Hospital Barcelona-UAB, Barcelona, 08035 Spain
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17
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Chen C, Zhang Z, Liu C, Wang B, Liu P, Fang S, Yang F, You Y, Li X. ATF4-dependent fructolysis fuels growth of glioblastoma multiforme. Nat Commun 2022; 13:6108. [PMID: 36245009 PMCID: PMC9573865 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-33859-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Excessive consumption of fructose in the Western diet contributes to cancer development. However, it is still unclear how cancer cells coordinate glucose and fructose metabolism during tumor malignant progression. We demonstrate here that glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) cells switch their energy supply from glycolysis to fructolysis in response to glucose deprivation. Mechanistically, glucose deprivation induces expression of two essential fructolytic proteins GLUT5 and ALDOB through selectively activating translation of activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4). Functionally, genetic or pharmacological disruption of ATF4-dependent fructolysis significantly inhibits growth and colony formation of GBM cells in vitro and GBM growth in vivo. In addition, ATF4, GLUT5, and ALDOB levels positively correlate with each other in GBM specimens and are poor prognostic indicators in GBM patients. This work highlights ATF4-dependent fructolysis as a metabolic feature and a potential therapeutic target for GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Chen
- grid.9227.e0000000119573309CAS Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101 China
| | - Zhenxing Zhang
- grid.9227.e0000000119573309CAS Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101 China
| | - Caiyun Liu
- grid.9227.e0000000119573309CAS Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101 China ,grid.410726.60000 0004 1797 8419College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
| | - Bin Wang
- grid.9227.e0000000119573309CAS Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101 China ,grid.410726.60000 0004 1797 8419College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
| | - Ping Liu
- grid.9227.e0000000119573309CAS Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101 China
| | - Shu Fang
- grid.9227.e0000000119573309CAS Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101 China ,grid.410726.60000 0004 1797 8419College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
| | - Fan Yang
- grid.9227.e0000000119573309CAS Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101 China ,grid.410726.60000 0004 1797 8419College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
| | - Yongping You
- grid.412676.00000 0004 1799 0784Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029 China ,grid.89957.3a0000 0000 9255 8984Institute for Brain Tumors, Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166 China
| | - Xinjian Li
- grid.9227.e0000000119573309CAS Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101 China ,grid.410726.60000 0004 1797 8419College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
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18
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Zhang Y, Truong B, Fahl SP, Martinez E, Cai KQ, Al-Saleem ED, Gong Y, Liebermann DA, Soboloff J, Dunbrack R, Levine RL, Fletcher S, Kappes D, Sykes SM, Shapiro P, Wiest DL. The ERK2-DBP domain opposes pathogenesis of a mouse JAK2V617F-driven myeloproliferative neoplasm. Blood 2022; 140:359-373. [PMID: 35436326 PMCID: PMC9335498 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2021013068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Although Ras/mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling is activated in most human cancers, attempts to target this pathway using kinase-active site inhibitors have not typically led to durable clinical benefit. To address this shortcoming, we sought to test the feasibility of an alternative targeting strategy, focused on the ERK2 substrate binding domains, D and DEF binding pocket (DBP). Disabling the ERK2-DBP domain in mice caused baseline erythrocytosis. Consequently, we investigated the role of the ERK2-D and -DBP domains in disease, using a JAK2-dependent model of polycythemia vera (PV). Of note, inactivation of the ERK2-DBP domain promoted the progression of disease from PV to myelofibrosis, suggesting that the ERK2-DBP domain normally opposes progression. ERK2-DBP inactivation also prevented oncogenic JAK2 kinase (JAK2V617F) from promoting oncogene-induced senescence in vitro. The ERK2-DBP mutation attenuated JAK2-mediated oncogene-induced senescence by preventing the physical interaction of ERK2 with the transcription factor Egr1. Because inactivation of the ERK2-DBP created a functional ERK2 kinase limited to binding substrates through its D domain, these data suggested that the D domain substrates were responsible for promoting oncogene-induced progenitor growth and tumor progression and that pharmacologic targeting of the ERK2-D domain may attenuate cancer cell growth. Indeed, pharmacologic agents targeting the ERK2-D domain were effective in attenuating the growth of JAK2-dependent myeloproliferative neoplasm cell lines. Taken together, these data indicate that the ERK-D and -DBP domains can play distinct roles in the progression of neoplasms and that the D domain has the potential to be a potent therapeutic target in Ras/MAPK-dependent cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Zhang
- Blood Cell Development and Function Program
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Yulan Gong
- Department of Pathology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Dan A Liebermann
- Fels Institute for Personalized Medicine and Molecular Biology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Jonathan Soboloff
- Fels Institute for Personalized Medicine and Molecular Biology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Roland Dunbrack
- Molecular Therapeutics Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Ross L Levine
- Department of Medicine, Leukemia Service, Center for Hematologic Malignancies, Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; and
| | - Steven Fletcher
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD
| | | | | | - Paul Shapiro
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD
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19
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Lee E, Park SY, Moon JY, Ko JY, Kim TK, Im GI. Metabolic Switch Under Glucose Deprivation Leading to Discovery of NR2F1 as a Stimulus of Osteoblast Differentiation. J Bone Miner Res 2022; 37:1382-1399. [PMID: 35462433 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.4565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Revised: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Poor survival of grafted cells is the major impediment of successful cell-based therapies for bone regeneration. Implanted cells undergo rapid death in an ischemic environment largely because of hypoxia and metabolic stress from glucose deficiency. Understanding the intracellular metabolic processes and finding genes that can improve cell survival in these inhospitable conditions are necessary to enhance the success of cell therapies. Thus, the purpose of this study was to investigate changes of metabolic profile in glucose-deprived human bone marrow stromal/stem cells (hBMSCs) through metabolomics analysis and discover genes that could promote cell survival and osteogenic differentiation in a glucose-deprived microenvironment. Metabolomics analysis was performed to determine metabolic changes in a glucose stress metabolic model. In the absence of glucose, expression levels of all metabolites involved in glycolysis were significantly decreased than those in a glucose-supplemented state. In glucose-deprived osteogenic differentiation, reliance on tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA)-predicted oxidative phosphorylation instead of glycolysis as the main mechanism for energy production in osteogenic induction. By comparing differentially expressed genes between glucose-deprived and glucose-supplemented hBMSCs, NR2F1 (Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 2 Group F Member 1) gene was discovered to be associated with enhanced survival and osteogenic differentiation in cells under metabolic stress. Small, interfering RNA (siRNA) for NR2F1 reduced cell viability and osteogenic differentiation of hBMSCs under glucose-supplemented conditions whereas NR2F1 overexpression enhanced osteogenic differentiation and cell survival of hBMSCs in glucose-deprived osteogenic conditions via the protein kinase B (AKT)/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) pathway. NR2F1-transfected hBMSCs significantly enhanced new bone formation in a critical size long-bone defect of rats compared with control vector-transfected hBMSCs. In conclusion, the results of this study provide an understanding of the metabolic profile of implanted cells in an ischemic microenvironment and demonstrate that NR2F1 treatment may overcome this deprivation by enhancing AKT and ERK regulation. These findings can be utilized in regenerative medicine for bone regeneration. © 2022 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugene Lee
- Research Institute for Integrative Regenerative Biomedical Engineering, Dongguk University, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Seo-Young Park
- Research Institute for Integrative Regenerative Biomedical Engineering, Dongguk University, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Yeon Moon
- Research Institute for Integrative Regenerative Biomedical Engineering, Dongguk University, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Yun Ko
- Research Institute for Integrative Regenerative Biomedical Engineering, Dongguk University, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Kyung Kim
- Research Institute for Integrative Regenerative Biomedical Engineering, Dongguk University, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Gun-Il Im
- Research Institute for Integrative Regenerative Biomedical Engineering, Dongguk University, Goyang, Republic of Korea.,Department of Orthopaedics, Dongguk University Ilsan Hospital, Goyang, Republic of Korea
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20
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The combination of hydroxychloroquine and 2-deoxyglucose enhances apoptosis in breast cancer cells by blocking protective autophagy and sustaining endoplasmic reticulum stress. Cell Death Dis 2022; 8:286. [PMID: 35690609 PMCID: PMC9188615 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-022-01074-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2022] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
2-Deoxyglucose (2-DG) can be used in antitumour research by inhibiting glycolysis and promoting the endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) pathway, but its clinical application is restricted due to dose-limiting side effects and survival chance for cancer cells by protective autophagy. Therefore, our research explored whether the combination of hydroxychloroquine (HCQ), an FDA-approved autophagy inhibiting drug, and 2-DG is a promising therapeutic strategy. Here, we report that HCQ combined with 2-DG can further inhibit the viability and migration and induce apoptosis of breast tumour cells compared with other individual drugs. The combination of 2-DG and HCQ can significantly reduce transplanted tumour size and tumour cell metastasis of the lung and liver in vivo. At the cellular level, HCQ suppressed autolysosome formation and terminated the autophagy process induced by 2-DG-mediated ERS, resulting in the continuous accumulation of misfolded proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum, which generated sustained ERS through the PERK-eIF2α-ATF-4-CHOP axis and triggered the transformation from a survival process to cell death. Our research reinforced the research interest of metabolic disruptors in triple-negative breast cancer and emphasized the potential of the combination of 2-DG and HCQ as an anticancerous treatment.
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21
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Suliman M, Case KC, Schmidtke MW, Lazcano P, Onu CJ, Greenberg ML. Inositol depletion regulates phospholipid metabolism and activates stress signaling in HEK293T cells. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2022; 1867:159137. [PMID: 35247568 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2022.159137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Inositol plays a significant role in cellular function and signaling. Studies in yeast have demonstrated an "inositol-less death" phenotype, suggesting that inositol is an essential metabolite. In yeast, inositol synthesis is highly regulated, and inositol levels have been shown to be a major metabolic regulator, with its abundance affecting the expression of hundreds of genes. Abnormalities in inositol metabolism have been associated with several human disorders. Despite its importance, very little is known about the regulation of inositol synthesis and the pathways regulated by inositol in human cells. The current study aimed to address this knowledge gap. Knockout of ISYNA1 (encoding myo-inositol-3-P synthase 1) in HEK293T cells generated a human cell line that is deficient in de novo inositol synthesis. ISYNA1-KO cells exhibited inositol-less death when deprived of inositol. Lipidomic analysis identified inositol depletion as a global regulator of phospholipid levels in human cells, including downregulation of phosphatidylinositol (PI) and upregulation of the phosphatidylglycerol (PG)/cardiolipin (CL) branch of phospholipid metabolism. RNA-Seq analysis revealed that inositol depletion induced substantial changes in the expression of genes involved in cell signaling, including extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), and genes controlling amino acid transport and protein processing in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). This study provides the first in-depth characterization of the effects of inositol depletion on phospholipid metabolism and gene expression in human cells, establishing an essential role for inositol in maintaining cell viability and regulating cell signaling and metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Suliman
- Department of Biological Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202, United States of America
| | - Kendall C Case
- Department of Biological Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202, United States of America
| | - Michael W Schmidtke
- Department of Biological Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202, United States of America
| | - Pablo Lazcano
- Department of Biological Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202, United States of America
| | - Chisom J Onu
- Department of Biological Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202, United States of America
| | - Miriam L Greenberg
- Department of Biological Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202, United States of America.
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22
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Beard DJ, Hadley G, Sutherland BA, Buchan AM. Commentary: Rapalink-1 Increased Infarct Size in Early Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion With Increased Blood-Brain Barrier Disruption. Front Physiol 2021; 12:761556. [PMID: 34630168 PMCID: PMC8493210 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.761556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel J Beard
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia.,Laboratory of Cerebral Ischaemia, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Gina Hadley
- Laboratory of Cerebral Ischaemia, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Brad A Sutherland
- Tasmanian School of Medicine, College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia
| | - Alastair M Buchan
- Laboratory of Cerebral Ischaemia, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
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23
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Victorino F, Bigley TM, Park E, Yao CH, Benoit J, Yang LP, Piersma SJ, Lauron EJ, Davidson RM, Patti GJ, Yokoyama WM. HIF1α is required for NK cell metabolic adaptation during virus infection. eLife 2021; 10:e68484. [PMID: 34396954 PMCID: PMC8382296 DOI: 10.7554/elife.68484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells are essential for early protection against virus infection and must metabolically adapt to the energy demands of activation. Here, we found upregulation of the metabolic adaptor hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF1α) is a feature of mouse NK cells during murine cytomegalovirus (MCMV) infection in vivo. HIF1α-deficient NK cells failed to control viral load, causing increased morbidity. No defects were found in effector functions of HIF1αKO NK cells; however, their numbers were significantly reduced. Loss of HIF1α did not affect NK cell proliferation during in vivo infection and in vitro cytokine stimulation. Instead, we found that HIF1α-deficient NK cells showed increased expression of the pro-apoptotic protein Bim and glucose metabolism was impaired during cytokine stimulation in vitro. Similarly, during MCMV infection HIF1α-deficient NK cells upregulated Bim and had increased caspase activity. Thus, NK cells require HIF1α-dependent metabolic functions to repress Bim expression and sustain cell numbers for an optimal virus response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Victorino
- Rheumatology Division, Washington University School of MedicineSt. LouisUnited States
| | - Tarin M Bigley
- Rheumatology Division, Washington University School of MedicineSt. LouisUnited States
| | - Eugene Park
- Rheumatology Division, Washington University School of MedicineSt. LouisUnited States
| | - Cong-Hui Yao
- Department of Chemistry, Department of Medicine, Washington UniversitySt. LouisUnited States
| | - Jeanne Benoit
- Department of Biomedical Research, Center for Genes, Environment and Health, National Jewish HealthDenverUnited States
| | - Li-Ping Yang
- Rheumatology Division, Washington University School of MedicineSt. LouisUnited States
| | - Sytse J Piersma
- Rheumatology Division, Washington University School of MedicineSt. LouisUnited States
| | - Elvin J Lauron
- Rheumatology Division, Washington University School of MedicineSt. LouisUnited States
| | - Rebecca M Davidson
- Department of Biomedical Research, Center for Genes, Environment and Health, National Jewish HealthDenverUnited States
| | - Gary J Patti
- Department of Chemistry, Department of Medicine, Washington UniversitySt. LouisUnited States
| | - Wayne M Yokoyama
- Rheumatology Division, Washington University School of MedicineSt. LouisUnited States
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24
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Branco JR, Esteves AM, Leandro JGB, Demaria TM, Godoi V, Marette A, Valença HDM, Lanzetti M, Peyot ML, Farfari S, Prentki M, Zancan P, Sola-Penna M. Dietary citrate acutely induces insulin resistance and markers of liver inflammation in mice. J Nutr Biochem 2021; 98:108834. [PMID: 34371126 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2021.108834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Citrate is widely used as a food additive being part of virtually all processed foods. Although considered inert by most of the regulatory agencies in the world, plasma citrate has been proposed to play immunometabolic functions in multiple tissues through altering a plethora of cellular pathways. Here, we used a short-term alimentary intervention (24 hours) with standard chow supplemented with citrate in amount corresponding to that found in processed foods to evaluate its effects on glucose homeostasis and liver physiology in C57BL/6J mice. Animals supplemented with dietary citrate showed glucose intolerance and insulin resistance as revealed by glucose and insulin tolerance tests. Moreover, animals supplemented with citrate in their food displayed fed and fasted hyperinsulinemia and enhanced insulin secretion during an oral glucose tolerance test. Citrate treatment also amplified glucose-induced insulin secretion in vitro in INS1-E cells. Citrate supplemented animals had increased liver PKCα activity and altered phosphorylation at serine or threonine residues of components of insulin signaling including IRS-1, Akt, GSK-3 and FoxO1. Furthermore, citrate supplementation enhanced the hepatic expression of lipogenic genes suggesting increased de novo lipogenesis, a finding that was reproduced after citrate treatment of hepatic FAO cells. Finally, liver inflammation markers were higher in citrate supplemented animals. Overall, the results demonstrate that dietary citrate supplementation in mice causes hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance both in vivo and in vitro, and therefore call for a note of caution on the use of citrate as a food additive given its potential role in metabolic dysregulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Ristow Branco
- Laboratório de Oncobiologia Molecular (LabOMol), Departamento de Biotecnologia Farmacêutica, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Amanda Moreira Esteves
- Laboratório de Oncobiologia Molecular (LabOMol), Departamento de Biotecnologia Farmacêutica, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - João Gabriel Bernardo Leandro
- Laboratório de Enzimologia e Controle do Metabolismo (LabECoM) Departamento de Biotecnologia Farmacêutica, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Thainá M Demaria
- Laboratório de Enzimologia e Controle do Metabolismo (LabECoM) Departamento de Biotecnologia Farmacêutica, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Vilma Godoi
- Laboratório de Oncobiologia Molecular (LabOMol), Departamento de Biotecnologia Farmacêutica, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; Laboratório de Enzimologia e Controle do Metabolismo (LabECoM) Departamento de Biotecnologia Farmacêutica, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; Departamento de Ciências Morfológicas, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, PR, Brazil
| | - André Marette
- Department of Medicine, Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Hôpital Laval, Pavillon Marguerite d'Youville, Québec, Canada
| | - Helber da Maia Valença
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Manuella Lanzetti
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Marie-Line Peyot
- Molecular Nutrition Unit, Montreal Diabetes Research Center at the Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), department of Nutrition, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
| | - Salah Farfari
- Molecular Nutrition Unit, Montreal Diabetes Research Center at the Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), department of Nutrition, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
| | - Marc Prentki
- Molecular Nutrition Unit, Montreal Diabetes Research Center at the Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), department of Nutrition, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
| | - Patricia Zancan
- Laboratório de Oncobiologia Molecular (LabOMol), Departamento de Biotecnologia Farmacêutica, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Mauro Sola-Penna
- Laboratório de Enzimologia e Controle do Metabolismo (LabECoM) Departamento de Biotecnologia Farmacêutica, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
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25
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Penugurti V, Khumukcham SS, Padala C, Dwivedi A, Kamireddy KR, Mukta S, Bhopal T, Manavathi B. HPIP protooncogene differentially regulates metabolic adaptation and cell fate in breast cancer cells under glucose stress via AMPK and RNF2 dependent pathways. Cancer Lett 2021; 518:243-255. [PMID: 34302919 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2021.07.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Revised: 06/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
While cancer cells rewire metabolic pathways to sustain growth and survival under metabolic stress in solid tumors, the molecular mechanisms underlying these processes remain largely unknown. In this study, cancer cells switched from survival to death during the early to late phases of metabolic stress by employing a novel signaling switch from AMP activated protein kinase (AMPK)-Forkhead box O3 (FOXO3a)-hematopoietic PBX1-interacting protein (HPIP) to the ring finger protein 2 (RNF2)-HPIP-ubiquitin (Ub) pathway. Acute metabolic stress induced proto-oncogene HPIP expression in an AMPK-FOXO3a-dependent manner in breast cancer (BC) cells. HPIP depletion reduced cell survival and tumor formation in mouse xenografts, which was accompanied by diminished intracellular ATP levels and increased apoptosis in BC cells in response to metabolic (glucose) stress. Glutamine flux (13C-labeled) analysis further suggested that HPIP rewired glutamine metabolism by controlling the expression of the solute carrier family 1 member 5 (SLC1A5) and glutaminase (GLS) genes by acting as a coactivator of MYC to ensure cell survival upon glucose deprivation. However, in response to chronic glucose stress, HPIP was ubiquitinated by the E3-Ub ligase, RNF2, and was concomitantly degraded by the proteasome-mediated pathway, ensuring apoptosis. In support of these data, clinical analyses further indicated that elevated levels of HPIP correlated with AMPK activation in BC. Taken together, these data suggest that HPIP is a signal coordinator during metabolic stress and thus serves as a potential therapeutic target in BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasudevarao Penugurti
- Molecular and Cellular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, 500046, Telangana, India
| | - Saratchandra Singh Khumukcham
- Molecular and Cellular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, 500046, Telangana, India
| | - Chiranjeevi Padala
- Molecular and Cellular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, 500046, Telangana, India
| | - Anju Dwivedi
- Molecular and Cellular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, 500046, Telangana, India
| | - Karthik Reddy Kamireddy
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Laboratory, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Srinivasulu Mukta
- MNJ Institute of Oncology and Regional Cancer Center, Hyderabad, 500004, Telangana, India
| | - Triveni Bhopal
- MNJ Institute of Oncology and Regional Cancer Center, Hyderabad, 500004, Telangana, India
| | - Bramanandam Manavathi
- Molecular and Cellular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, 500046, Telangana, India.
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26
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Methyltransferase-like protein 7A (METTL7A) promotes cell survival and osteogenic differentiation under metabolic stress. Cell Death Discov 2021; 7:154. [PMID: 34226523 PMCID: PMC8257615 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-021-00555-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
While bone has an inherent capacity to heal itself, it is very difficult to reconstitute large bone defects. Regenerative medicine, including stem cell implantation, has been studied as a novel solution to treat these conditions. However, when the local vascularity is impaired, even the transplanted cells undergo rapid necrosis before differentiating into osteoblasts and regenerating bone. Thus, to increase the effectiveness of stem cell transplantation, it is quintessential to improve the viability of the implanted stem cells. In this study, given that the regulation of glucose may hold the key to stem cell survival and osteogenic differentiation, we investigated the molecules that can replace the effect of glucose under ischemic microenvironment of stem cell transplantation in large bone defects. By analyzing differentially expressed genes under glucose-supplemented and glucose-free conditions, we explored markers such as methyltransferase-like protein 7A (METTL7A) that are potentially related to cell survival and osteogenic differentiation. Overexpression of METTL7A gene enhanced the osteogenic differentiation and viability of human bone marrow stem cells (hBMSCs) in glucose-free conditions. When the in vivo effectiveness of METTL7A-transfected cells in bone regeneration was explored in a rat model of critical-size segmental long-bone defect, METTL7A-transfected hBMSCs showed significantly better regenerative potential than the control vector-transfected hBMSCs. DNA methylation profiles showed a large difference in methylation status of genes related to osteogenesis and cell survival between hBMSCs cultured in glucose-supplemented condition and those cultured in glucose-free condition. Interestingly, METTL7A overexpression altered the methylation status of related genes to favor osteogenic differentiation and cell survival. In conclusion, it is suggested that a novel factor METTL7A enhances osteogenic differentiation and viability of hBMSCs by regulating the methylation status of genes related to osteogenesis or survival.
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27
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du Plessis M, Davis T, Loos B, Pretorius E, de Villiers WJS, Engelbrecht AM. Molecular regulation of autophagy in a pro-inflammatory tumour microenvironment: New insight into the role of serum amyloid A. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2021; 59:71-83. [PMID: 33727011 DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2021.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Revised: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Chronic inflammation, systemic or local, plays a vital role in tumour progression and metastasis. Dysregulation of key physiological processes such as autophagy elicit unfavourable immune responses to induce chronic inflammation. Cytokines, growth factors and acute phase proteins present in the tumour microenvironment regulate inflammatory responses and alter crosstalk between various signalling pathways involved in the progression of cancer. Serum amyloid A (SAA) is a key acute phase protein secreted by the liver during the acute phase response (APR) following infection or injury. However, cancer and cancer-associated cells produce SAA, which when present in high levels in the tumour microenvironment contributes to cancer initiation, progression and metastasis. SAA can activate several signalling pathways such as the PI3K and MAPK pathways, which are also known modulators of the intracellular degradation process, autophagy. Autophagy can be regarded as having a double edged sword effect in cancer. Its dysregulation can induce malignant transformation through metabolic stress which manifests as oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and DNA damage. On the other hand, autophagy can promote cancer survival during metabolic stress, hypoxia and senescence. Autophagy has been utilised to promote the efficiency of chemotherapeutic agents and can either be inhibited or induced to improve treatment outcomes. This review aims to address the known mechanisms that regulate autophagy as well as illustrating the role of SAA in modulating these pathways and its clinical implications for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- M du Plessis
- Department of Physiological Sciences, University of Stellenbosch, Stellenbosch, South Africa.
| | - T Davis
- Department of Physiological Sciences, University of Stellenbosch, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - B Loos
- Department of Physiological Sciences, University of Stellenbosch, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - E Pretorius
- Department of Physiological Sciences, University of Stellenbosch, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - W J S de Villiers
- African Cancer Institute (ACI), Department of Global Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa; Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg Campus, South Africa
| | - A M Engelbrecht
- Department of Physiological Sciences, University of Stellenbosch, Stellenbosch, South Africa; Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg Campus, South Africa
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Guo W, Wang Q, Pan S, Li J, Wang Y, Shu Y, Chen J, Wang Q, Zhang S, Zhang X, Yue J. The ERK1/2-ATG13-FIP200 signaling cascade is required for autophagy induction to protect renal cells from hypoglycemia-induced cell death. J Cell Physiol 2021; 236:6932-6947. [PMID: 33682133 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Autophagy, an evolutionarily conserved lysosomal degradation pathway, is known to regulate a variety of physiological and pathological processes. At present, the function and the precise mechanism of autophagy regulation in kidney and renal cells remain elusive. Here, we explored the role of ERK1 and ERK2 (referred as ERK1/2 hereafter) in autophagy regulation in renal cells in response to hypoglycemia. Glucose starvation potently and transiently activated ERK1/2 in renal cells, and this was concomitant with an increase in autophagic flux. Perturbing ERK1/2 activation by treatment with inhibitors of RAF or MEK1/2, via the expression of a dominant-negative mutant form of MEK1/2 or RAS, blocked hypoglycemia-mediated ERK1/2 activation and autophagy induction in renal cells. Glucose starvation also induced the accumulation of reactive oxygen species in renal cells, which was involved in the activation of the ERK1/2 cascade and the induction of autophagy in renal cells. Interestingly, ATG13 and FIP200, the members of the ULK1 complex, contain the ERK consensus phosphorylation sites, and glucose starvation induced an association between ATG13 or FIP200 and ERK1/2. Moreover, the expression of the phospho-defective mutants of ATG13 and FIP200 in renal cells blocked glucose starvation-induced autophagy and rendered cells more susceptible to hypoglycemia-induced cell death. However, the expression of the phospho-mimic mutants of ATG13 and FIP200 induced autophagy and protected renal cells from hypoglycemia-induced cell death. Taken together, our results demonstrate that hypoglycemia activates the ERK1/2 signaling to regulate ATG13 and FIP200, thereby stimulating autophagy to protect the renal cells from hypoglycemia-induced cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Guo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Scientific Instruments Center, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Department of Molecular Medicine and Pathology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Shihua Pan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinbing Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuanhua Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yahai Shu
- Scientific Instruments Center, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiaheng Chen
- Scientific Instruments Center, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Qizheng Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Sheng Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianbo Yue
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China.,City University of Hong Kong Chengdu Research Institute, Chengdu, China
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Harnessing the Co-vulnerabilities of Amino Acid-Restricted Cancers. Cell Metab 2021; 33:9-20. [PMID: 33406406 PMCID: PMC7837405 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2020.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2020] [Revised: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Sustained proliferative potential of cancer cells creates heightened energetic and biosynthetic demands. The resulting overt dependence of cancer cells on unperturbed nutrient supply has prompted a widespread interest in amino acid restriction strategies as potential cancer therapeutics. However, owing to rapid signaling and metabolic reprogramming in cancer cells, the prospects for success of amino acid restriction approaches remain unclear. We thus recognize that the identification of co-vulnerabilities of amino acid-restricted cancers may inform actionable targets for effective combined interventions. In this perspective, we outline the current state of key cellular mechanisms underlying adaptation to amino acid restriction and discuss the role of signal transduction pathways governing cancer cell resistance to amino acid restriction, with potential ramifications for the design of future therapeutic efforts.
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30
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Engin A. Protein Kinase-Mediated Decision Between the Life and Death. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2021; 1275:1-33. [PMID: 33539010 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-49844-3_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Protein kinases are intracellular signaling enzymes that catalyze the phosphorylation of specific residues in their target substrate proteins. They play important role for regulation of life and death decisions. The complexity of the relationship between death receptors and protein kinases' cell death decision-making mechanisms create many difficulties in the treatment of various diseases. The most of fifteen different cell death pathways, which are reported by Nomenclature Committee on Cell Death (NCCD) are protein kinase signal transduction-mediated negative or positive selections. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) as a main player of death pathways is a dual-functioning molecule in that it can promote both cell survival or cell death. All apoptotic and necrotic signal transductions are conveyed through death domain-containing death receptors, which are expressed on the surface of nearly all human cells. In humans, eight members of the death receptor family have been identified. While the interaction of TNF with TNF Receptor 1 (TNFR1) activates various signal transduction pathways, different death receptors activate three main signal transduction pathways: nuclear factor kappa B (NF-ĸB)-mediated differentiation or pro-inflammatory cytokine synthesis, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)-mediated stress response and caspase-mediated apoptosis. The link between the NF-ĸB and the c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase (JNK) pathways comprise another check-point to regulate cell death. TNF-α also promotes the "receptor-interacting serine/threonine protein kinase 1" (RIPK1)/RIPK3/ mixed lineage kinase domain-like pseudokinase (MLKL)-dependent necrosis. Thus, necrosome is mainly comprised of MLKL, RIPK3 and, in some cases, RIPK1. In fact, RIPK1 is at the crossroad between life and death, downstream of various receptors as a regulator of endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced death. TNFR1 signaling complex (TNF-RSC), which contains multiple kinase activities, promotes phosphorylation of transforming growth factor β-activated kinase 1 (TAK1), inhibitor of nuclear transcription factor κB (IκB) kinase (IKK) α/IKKβ, IκBα, and NF-κB. IKKs affect cell-survival pathways in NF-κB-independent manner. Toll-like receptor (TLR) stimulation triggers various signaling pathways dependent on myeloid differentiation factor-88 (MyD88), Interleukin-1 receptor (IL-1R)-associated kinase (IRAK1), IRAK2 and IRAK4, lead to post-translational activation of nucleotide and oligomerization domain (NLRP3). Thereby, cell fate decisions following TLR signaling is parallel with death receptor signaling. Inhibition of IKKα/IKKβ or its upstream activators sensitize cells to death by inducing RIPK1-dependent apoptosis or necroptosis. During apoptosis, several kinases of the NF-κB pathway, including IKK1 and NF-κB essential modulator (NEMO), are cleaved by cellular caspases. This event can terminate the NF-κB-derived survival signals. In both canonical and non-canonical pathways, IKK is key to NF-κB activation. Whereas, the activation process of IKK, the functions of NEMO ubiquitination, IKK-related non-canonical pathway and the nuclear transportation of NEMO and functions of IKKα are still debated in cell death. In addition, cluster of differentiation 95 (CD95)-mediated non-apoptotic signaling and CD95- death-inducing signaling complex (DISC) interactions are waiting for clarification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atilla Engin
- Department of General Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Gazi University, Besevler, Ankara, Turkey.
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31
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Fu W, Hall MN. Regulation of mTORC2 Signaling. Genes (Basel) 2020; 11:E1045. [PMID: 32899613 PMCID: PMC7564249 DOI: 10.3390/genes11091045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2020] [Revised: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), a serine/threonine protein kinase and a master regulator of cell growth and metabolism, forms two structurally and functionally distinct complexes, mTOR complex 1 (mTORC1) and mTORC2. While mTORC1 signaling is well characterized, mTORC2 is relatively poorly understood. mTORC2 appears to exist in functionally distinct pools, but few mTORC2 effectors/substrates have been identified. Here, we review recent advances in our understanding of mTORC2 signaling, with particular emphasis on factors that control mTORC2 activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxiang Fu
- Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, China
- Biozentrum, University of Basel, CH4056 Basel, Switzerland;
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Chou PC, Rajput S, Zhao X, Patel C, Albaciete D, Oh WJ, Daguplo HQ, Patel N, Su B, Werlen G, Jacinto E. mTORC2 Is Involved in the Induction of RSK Phosphorylation by Serum or Nutrient Starvation. Cells 2020; 9:E1567. [PMID: 32605013 PMCID: PMC7408474 DOI: 10.3390/cells9071567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2020] [Revised: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Cells adjust to nutrient fluctuations to restore metabolic homeostasis. The mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) complex 2 responds to nutrient levels and growth signals to phosphorylate protein kinases belonging to the AGC (Protein Kinases A,G,C) family such as Akt and PKC. Phosphorylation of these AGC kinases at their conserved hydrophobic motif (HM) site by mTORC2 enhances their activation and mediates the functions of mTORC2 in cell growth and metabolism. Another AGC kinase family member that is known to undergo increased phosphorylation at the homologous HM site (Ser380) is the p90 ribosomal S6 kinase (RSK). Phosphorylation at Ser380 is facilitated by the activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase/extracellular signal regulated kinase (MAPK/ERK) in response to growth factor stimulation. Here, we demonstrate that optimal phosphorylation of RSK at this site requires an intact mTORC2. We also found that RSK is robustly phosphorylated at Ser380 upon nutrient withdrawal or inhibition of glycolysis, conditions that increase mTORC2 activation. However, pharmacological inhibition of mTOR did not abolish RSK phosphorylation at Ser380, indicating that mTOR catalytic activity is not required for this phosphorylation. Since RSK and SIN1β colocalize at the membrane during serum restimulation and acute glutamine withdrawal, mTORC2 could act as a scaffold to enhance RSK HM site phosphorylation. Among the known RSK substrates, the CCTβ subunit of the chaperonin containing TCP-1 (CCT) complex had defective phosphorylation in the absence of mTORC2. Our findings indicate that the mTORC2-mediated phosphorylation of the RSK HM site could confer RSK substrate specificity and reveal that RSK responds to nutrient fluctuations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Po-Chien Chou
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Rutgers-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA; (P.-C.C.); (S.R.); (C.P.); (D.A.); (W.J.O.); (H.Q.D.); (N.P.); (G.W.)
| | - Swati Rajput
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Rutgers-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA; (P.-C.C.); (S.R.); (C.P.); (D.A.); (W.J.O.); (H.Q.D.); (N.P.); (G.W.)
| | - Xiaoyun Zhao
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200240, China; (X.Z.); (B.S.)
| | - Chadni Patel
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Rutgers-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA; (P.-C.C.); (S.R.); (C.P.); (D.A.); (W.J.O.); (H.Q.D.); (N.P.); (G.W.)
| | - Danielle Albaciete
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Rutgers-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA; (P.-C.C.); (S.R.); (C.P.); (D.A.); (W.J.O.); (H.Q.D.); (N.P.); (G.W.)
| | - Won Jun Oh
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Rutgers-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA; (P.-C.C.); (S.R.); (C.P.); (D.A.); (W.J.O.); (H.Q.D.); (N.P.); (G.W.)
| | - Heineken Queen Daguplo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Rutgers-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA; (P.-C.C.); (S.R.); (C.P.); (D.A.); (W.J.O.); (H.Q.D.); (N.P.); (G.W.)
| | - Nikhil Patel
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Rutgers-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA; (P.-C.C.); (S.R.); (C.P.); (D.A.); (W.J.O.); (H.Q.D.); (N.P.); (G.W.)
| | - Bing Su
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200240, China; (X.Z.); (B.S.)
| | - Guy Werlen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Rutgers-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA; (P.-C.C.); (S.R.); (C.P.); (D.A.); (W.J.O.); (H.Q.D.); (N.P.); (G.W.)
| | - Estela Jacinto
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Rutgers-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA; (P.-C.C.); (S.R.); (C.P.); (D.A.); (W.J.O.); (H.Q.D.); (N.P.); (G.W.)
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Sokolov SS, Severin FF. Manipulating Cellular Energetics to Slow Aging of Tissues and Organs. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2020; 85:651-659. [PMID: 32586228 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297920060024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Up to now numerous studies in the field of gerontology have been published. Nevertheless, a well-known food restriction remains the most reliable and efficient way of lifespan extension. Physical activity is also a well-documented anti-aging intervention being especially efficient in slowing down the age-associated decline of skeletal muscle mass. In this review we focus on the molecular mechanisms of the effect of physical exercise on muscle tissues. We also discuss the possibilities of pharmacological extension of this effect to the rest of the tissues. During the exercise, the level of ATP decreases triggering activation of AMP-dependent protein kinase (AMPK). This kinase stimulates antioxidant potential of the cells and their mitochondrial respiratory capacity. The exercise also induces mild oxidative stress, which, in turn, mediates the stimulation via hormetic response. Furthermore, during the exercise cells generate activators of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR). The intracellular ATP level increases during the rest periods between exercises thus promoting mTOR activation. Therefore, regular exercise intermittently activates anti-oxidant defenses and mitochondrial biogenesis (via AMPK and the hormetic response) of the muscle tissue, as well as its proliferative potential (via mTOR), which, in turn, impedes the age-dependent muscle atrophy. Thus, the intermittent treatment with activators of (i) AMPK combined with the inducers of hormetic response and of (ii) mTOR might partly mimic the effects of physical exercise. Importantly, pharmacological activation of AMPK takes place in the absence of ATP level decrease. The use of uncouplers of respiration and oxidative phosphorylation at the phase of AMPK activation could also prevent negative consequences of the cellular hyper-energization. It is believed that the decline of both antioxidant and proliferative potentials of the cells causes the age-dependent decline of multiple tissues, rather than only the muscular one. We argue that the approach above is applicable for the majority of tissues in an organism.
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Affiliation(s)
- S S Sokolov
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - F F Severin
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Moscow, 119991, Russia.
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34
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Keyes J, Ganesan A, Molinar-Inglis O, Hamidzadeh A, Zhang J, Ling M, Trejo J, Levchenko A, Zhang J. Signaling diversity enabled by Rap1-regulated plasma membrane ERK with distinct temporal dynamics. eLife 2020; 9:57410. [PMID: 32452765 PMCID: PMC7289600 DOI: 10.7554/elife.57410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
A variety of different signals induce specific responses through a common, extracellular-signal regulated kinase (ERK)-dependent cascade. It has been suggested that signaling specificity can be achieved through precise temporal regulation of ERK activity. Given the wide distrubtion of ERK susbtrates across different subcellular compartments, it is important to understand how ERK activity is temporally regulated at specific subcellular locations. To address this question, we have expanded the toolbox of Förster Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET)-based ERK biosensors by creating a series of improved biosensors targeted to various subcellular regions via sequence specific motifs to measure spatiotemporal changes in ERK activity. Using these sensors, we showed that EGF induces sustained ERK activity near the plasma membrane in sharp contrast to the transient activity observed in the cytoplasm and nucleus. Furthermore, EGF-induced plasma membrane ERK activity involves Rap1, a noncanonical activator, and controls cell morphology and EGF-induced membrane protrusion dynamics. Our work strongly supports that spatial and temporal regulation of ERK activity is integrated to control signaling specificity from a single extracellular signal to multiple cellular processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremiah Keyes
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, United States
| | - Ambhighainath Ganesan
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, United States
| | - Olivia Molinar-Inglis
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, United States
| | - Archer Hamidzadeh
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Yale Systems Biology Institute, Yale University, New Haven, United States
| | - Jinfan Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, United States
| | - Megan Ling
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, United States
| | - JoAnn Trejo
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, United States
| | - Andre Levchenko
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Yale Systems Biology Institute, Yale University, New Haven, United States
| | - Jin Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, United States.,Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, United States.,Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, United States
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35
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Starvation and antimetabolic therapy promote cytokine release and recruitment of immune cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:9932-9941. [PMID: 32312819 PMCID: PMC7211964 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1913707117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cellular starvation is typically a consequence of tissue injury that disrupts the local blood supply but can also occur where cell populations outgrow the local vasculature, as observed in solid tumors. Cells react to nutrient deprivation by adapting their metabolism, or, if starvation is prolonged, it can result in cell death. Cell starvation also triggers adaptive responses, like angiogenesis, that promote tissue reorganization and repair, but other adaptive responses and their mediators are still poorly characterized. To explore this issue, we analyzed secretomes from glucose-deprived cells, which revealed up-regulation of multiple cytokines and chemokines, including IL-6 and IL-8, in response to starvation stress. Starvation-induced cytokines were cell type-dependent, and they were also released from primary epithelial cells. Most cytokines were up-regulated in a manner dependent on NF-κB and the transcription factor of the integrated stress response ATF4, which bound directly to the IL-8 promoter. Furthermore, glutamine deprivation, as well as the antimetabolic drugs 2-deoxyglucose and metformin, also promoted the release of IL-6 and IL-8. Finally, some of the factors released from starved cells induced chemotaxis of B cells, macrophages, and neutrophils, suggesting that nutrient deprivation in the tumor environment can serve as an initiator of tumor inflammation.
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36
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Baudier J, Deloulme JC, Shaw GS. The Zn 2+ and Ca 2+ -binding S100B and S100A1 proteins: beyond the myths. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2020; 95:738-758. [PMID: 32027773 DOI: 10.1111/brv.12585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2019] [Revised: 01/06/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The S100 genes encode a conserved group of 21 vertebrate-specific EF-hand calcium-binding proteins. Since their discovery in 1965, S100 proteins have remained enigmatic in terms of their cellular functions. In this review, we summarize the calcium- and zinc-binding properties of the dimeric S100B and S100A1 proteins and highlight data that shed new light on the extracellular and intracellular regulation and functions of S100B. We point out that S100B and S100A1 homodimers are not functionally interchangeable and that in a S100A1/S100B heterodimer, S100A1 acts as a negative regulator for the ability of S100B to bind Zn2+ . The Ca2+ and Zn2+ -dependent interactions of S100B with a wide array of proteins form the basis of its activities and have led to the derivation of some initial rules for S100B recognition of protein targets. However, recent findings have strongly suggested that these rules need to be revisited. Here, we describe a new consensus S100B binding motif present in intracellular and extracellular vertebrate-specific proteins and propose a new model for stable interactions of S100B dimers with full-length target proteins. A chaperone-associated function for intracellular S100B in adaptive cellular stress responses is also discussed. This review may help guide future studies on the functions of S100 proteins in general.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacques Baudier
- Institut de Biologie du Développement de Marseille-UMR CNRS 7288, Aix Marseille Université, 13288, Marseille Cedex 9, France
| | - Jean Christophe Deloulme
- Grenoble Institut des Neurosciences, INSERM U1216, Université Grenoble Alpes, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Gary S Shaw
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, N6A5C1, Canada
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37
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Liu Y, Song H, Yu S, Huang KH, Ma X, Zhou Y, Yu S, Zhang J, Chen L. Protein Kinase D3 promotes the cell proliferation by activating the ERK1/c-MYC axis in breast cancer. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:2135-2144. [PMID: 31944568 PMCID: PMC7011155 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.14772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2019] [Revised: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the second leading death cause of cancer death for all women. Previous study suggested that Protein Kinase D3 (PRKD3) was involved in breast cancer progression. In addition, the protein level of PRKD3 in triple‐negative breast adenocarcinoma was higher than that in normal breast tissue. However, the oncogenic mechanisms of PRKD3 in breast cancer is not fully investigated. Multi‐omic data showed that ERK1/c‐MYC axis was identified as a major pivot in PRKD3‐mediated downstream pathways. Our study provided the evidence to support that the PRKD3/ERK1/c‐MYC pathway play an important role in breast cancer progression. We found that knocking out PRKD3 by performing CRISPR/Cas9 genome engineering technology suppressed phosphorylation of both ERK1 and c‐MYC but did not down‐regulate ERK1/2 expression or phosphorylation of ERK2. The inhibition of ERK1 and c‐MYC phosphorylation further led to the lower protein level of c‐MYC and then reduced the expression of the c‐MYC target genes in breast cancer cells. We also found that loss of PRKD3 reduced the rate of the cell proliferation in vitro and tumour growth in vivo, whereas ectopic (over)expression of PRKD3, ERK1 or c‐MYC in the PRKD3‐knockout breast cells reverse the suppression of the cell proliferation and tumour growth. Collectively, our data strongly suggested that PRKD3 likely promote the cell proliferation in the breast cancer cells by activating ERK1‐c‐MYC axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Bio-Medical Diagnostics, Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, China.,Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China.,The Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Ministry of Education, Institute of Life Science, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hang Song
- The Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Ministry of Education, Institute of Life Science, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.,Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shiyi Yu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China.,The Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Ministry of Education, Institute of Life Science, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Kuo-Hsiang Huang
- The Key Laboratory of Bio-Medical Diagnostics, Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, China
| | - Xinxing Ma
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yehui Zhou
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Shuang Yu
- The Key Laboratory of Bio-Medical Diagnostics, Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, China.,Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Jingzhong Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Bio-Medical Diagnostics, Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, China.,Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Tianjin Guokeyigong Science and Technology Development Company Limited, Tianjin, China
| | - Liming Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China.,The Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Ministry of Education, Institute of Life Science, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
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38
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Yoon I, Nam M, Kim HK, Moon HS, Kim S, Jang J, Song JA, Jeong SJ, Kim SB, Cho S, Kim Y, Lee J, Yang WS, Yoo HC, Kim K, Kim MS, Yang A, Cho K, Park HS, Hwang GS, Hwang KY, Han JM, Kim JH, Kim S. Glucose-dependent control of leucine metabolism by leucyl-tRNA synthetase 1. Science 2019; 367:205-210. [PMID: 31780625 DOI: 10.1126/science.aau2753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2018] [Revised: 03/20/2019] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Despite the importance of glucose and amino acids for energy metabolism, interactions between the two nutrients are not well understood. We provide evidence for a role of leucyl-tRNA synthetase 1 (LARS1) in glucose-dependent control of leucine usage. Upon glucose starvation, LARS1 was phosphorylated by Unc-51 like autophagy activating kinase 1 (ULK1) at the residues crucial for leucine binding. The phosphorylated LARS1 showed decreased leucine binding, which may inhibit protein synthesis and help save energy. Leucine that is not used for anabolic processes may be available for catabolic pathway energy generation. The LARS1-mediated changes in leucine utilization might help support cell survival under glucose deprivation. Thus, depending on glucose availability, LARS1 may help regulate whether leucine is used for protein synthesis or energy production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ina Yoon
- Medicinal Bioconvergence Research Center and College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Miso Nam
- Integrated Metabolomics Research Group, Western Seoul Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Seoul 03759, Republic of Korea
| | - Hoi Kyoung Kim
- Medicinal Bioconvergence Research Center and College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Sun Moon
- Medicinal Bioconvergence Research Center and College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungmin Kim
- Medicinal Bioconvergence Research Center and College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jayun Jang
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences and Graduate School for Convergence Technologies, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Ae Song
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences and Graduate School for Convergence Technologies, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Jae Jeong
- Medicinal Bioconvergence Research Center and College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Bum Kim
- Medicinal Bioconvergence Research Center and College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Seongmin Cho
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences and Graduate School for Convergence Technologies, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - YounHa Kim
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences and Graduate School for Convergence Technologies, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jihye Lee
- Medicinal Bioconvergence Research Center and College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Suk Yang
- Medicinal Bioconvergence Research Center and College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Chan Yoo
- Yonsei Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Yonsei University, Incheon 21983, Republic of Korea
| | - Kibum Kim
- Yonsei Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Yonsei University, Incheon 21983, Republic of Korea.,Department of Integrated OMICS for Biomedical Science, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Sun Kim
- Integrated Metabolomics Research Group, Western Seoul Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Seoul 03759, Republic of Korea
| | - Aerin Yang
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyukwang Cho
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Sung Park
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Geum-Sook Hwang
- Integrated Metabolomics Research Group, Western Seoul Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Seoul 03759, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang Yeon Hwang
- Division of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Min Han
- Yonsei Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Yonsei University, Incheon 21983, Republic of Korea.,Department of Integrated OMICS for Biomedical Science, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Hyun Kim
- Medicinal Bioconvergence Research Center and College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sunghoon Kim
- Medicinal Bioconvergence Research Center and College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea. .,Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences and Graduate School for Convergence Technologies, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
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39
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Pathria G, Lee JS, Hasnis E, Tandoc K, Scott DA, Verma S, Feng Y, Larue L, Sahu AD, Topisirovic I, Ruppin E, Ronai ZA. Translational reprogramming marks adaptation to asparagine restriction in cancer. Nat Cell Biol 2019; 21:1590-1603. [PMID: 31740775 PMCID: PMC7307327 DOI: 10.1038/s41556-019-0415-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
While amino acid restriction remains an attractive strategy for cancer therapy, metabolic adaptations limit its effectiveness. Here we demonstrate a role of translational reprogramming in the survival of asparagine-restricted cancer cells. Asparagine limitation in melanoma and pancreatic cancer cells activates RTK-MAPK as part of a feedforward mechanism involving mTORC1-dependent increase in MNK1 and eIF4E, resulting in enhanced translation of ATF4 mRNA. MAPK inhibition attenuates translational induction of ATF4 and the expression of its target asparagine biosynthesis enzyme ASNS, sensitizing melanoma and pancreatic tumors to asparagine restriction, reflected in their growth inhibition. Correspondingly, low ASNS expression is among the top predictors of response to MAPK signaling inhibitors in melanoma patients and is associated with favorable prognosis, when combined with low MAPK signaling activity. While unveiling a previously unknown axis of adaptation to asparagine deprivation, these studies offer the rationale for clinical evaluation of MAPK inhibitors in combination with asparagine restriction approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaurav Pathria
- Tumor Initiation and Maintenance Program, Cancer Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA.
| | - Joo Sang Lee
- Cancer Data Science Lab (CDSL), National Cancer Institute, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.,Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Erez Hasnis
- Tumor Initiation and Maintenance Program, Cancer Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Kristofferson Tandoc
- Gerald Bronfman Department of Oncology, Lady Davis Institute, SMBD Jewish General Hospital, and Departments of Experimental Medicine and Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - David A Scott
- Tumor Initiation and Maintenance Program, Cancer Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Sachin Verma
- Tumor Initiation and Maintenance Program, Cancer Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Yongmei Feng
- Tumor Initiation and Maintenance Program, Cancer Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Lionel Larue
- Normal and Pathological Development of Melanocytes, Institut Curie, PSL Research University, INSERM U1021, Orsay, France.,Universitê Paris-Sud and Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS UMR 3347, Orsay, France.,Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Orsay, France
| | - Avinash D Sahu
- Harvard School of Public Health and Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ivan Topisirovic
- Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Eytan Ruppin
- Cancer Data Science Lab (CDSL), National Cancer Institute, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Ze'ev A Ronai
- Tumor Initiation and Maintenance Program, Cancer Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA.
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40
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Lee Y, Kwon YH. Regulation of apoptosis and autophagy by luteolin in human hepatocellular cancer Hep3B cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 517:617-622. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.07.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2019] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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41
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Chang D, Li H, Qian C, Wang Y. DiOHF Protects Against Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiotoxicity Through ERK1 Signaling Pathway. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:1081. [PMID: 31611788 PMCID: PMC6777440 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.01081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2019] [Accepted: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Doxorubicin (DOX) is an effective anticancer agent. Its clinical use is, however, limited due to its detrimental side effects, especially the cardiotoxicity caused by ROS, mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptosis. 3’,4’-dihydroxyflavonol (DiOHF) is a recently developed potent synthetic flavonoid which has been reported to exert anti-oxidative activity in myocardial ischemia–reperfusion injury and maintain the normal mitochondrial function. The aim of this study was to explore the protective effects of DiOHF on the DOX-induced cardiotoxicity. We established DOX-induced cardiotoxicity in H9C2 cells by incubation with 1 μM DOX and in BALB/c mice by DOX injection. DiOHF effectively prevented and reversed the DOX-induced cardiotoxicity, including ROS production, mitochondrial dysfunction, and apoptosis. The DOX-induced cardiotoxicity was accompanied by ERK1/2 activation and abolished by the silence of ERK1, rather than ERK2. Furthermore, DOX treatment in mice induced an increase in serum CK-MB level and myocardial fibrosis with a reduction in left ventricular (LV) function. These detrimental effects were blunted by DiOHF administration. Conclusion: DiOHF suppresses and reverses the DOX-induced cardiotoxicity by inhibiting ROS release, stabilizing mitochondrial function and reducing apoptosis through activation of the ERK1 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danqi Chang
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Hang Li
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Cheng Qian
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yanggan Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Medical Research Institute of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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42
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Sharma A, Boise LH, Shanmugam M. Cancer Metabolism and the Evasion of Apoptotic Cell Death. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:E1144. [PMID: 31405035 PMCID: PMC6721599 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11081144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Revised: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 08/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellular growth and proliferation depend upon the acquisition and synthesis of specific metabolites. These metabolites fuel the bioenergy, biosynthesis, and redox potential required for duplication of cellular biomass. Multicellular organisms maintain tissue homeostasis by balancing signals promoting proliferation and removal of cells via apoptosis. While apoptosis is in itself an energy dependent process activated by intrinsic and extrinsic signals, whether specific nutrient acquisition (elevated or suppressed) and their metabolism regulates apoptosis is less well investigated. Normal cellular metabolism is regulated by lineage specific intrinsic features and microenvironment driven extrinsic features. In the context of cancer, genetic abnormalities, unconventional microenvironments and/or therapy engage constitutive pro-survival signaling to re-program and rewire metabolism to maintain survival, growth, and proliferation. It thus becomes particularly relevant to understand whether altered nutrient acquisition and metabolism in cancer can also contribute to the evasion of apoptosis and consequently therapy resistance. Our review attempts to dissect a causal relationship between two cancer hallmarks, i.e., deregulated cellular energetics and the evasion of programmed cell death with primary focus on the intrinsic pathway of apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aditi Sharma
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Lawrence H Boise
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Mala Shanmugam
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
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43
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Investigation of the novel mTOR inhibitor AZD2014 in neuronal ischemia. Neurosci Lett 2019; 706:223-230. [PMID: 31100427 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2019.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2018] [Revised: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Hamartin, a component of the tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) that actively inhibits the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), may mediate the endogenous resistance of Cornu Ammonis 3 (CA3) hippocampal neurons following global cerebral ischemia. Pharmacological compounds that selectively inhibit mTOR may afford neuroprotection following ischemic stroke. We hypothesize that AZD2014, a novel mTORC1/2 inhibitor, may protect neurons following oxygen and glucose deprivation (OGD). METHODS Primary neuronal cultures from E18 Wistar rat embryos were exposed to 2 h OGD or normoxia. AZD2014 was administered either during OGD, 24 h prior to OGD or for 24 h following OGD. Cell death was quantified by lactate dehydrogenase assay. We characterized the expression of mTOR pathway proteins following exposure to AZD2014 using western blotting. RESULTS Following 2 h OGD +24 h recovery, AZD2014 increased neuronal death when present during OGD. Rapamycin, the archetypal mTOR inhibitor, had no effect on cell death. Treatment with AZD2014 24 h prior to OGD and 24 h after OGD also enhanced cell death. While Western blotting showed a trend towards decreased expression levels of phospho-Akt relative to total Akt with increasing AZD2014 concentration, hamartin expression was also significantly decreased leading to activation of mTOR. CONCLUSION AZD2014 was detrimental to neurons that underwent ischemia. AZD2014 appeared to reduce hamartin, a known neuroprotective mediator, thereby preventing any beneficial effects of mTOR inhibition. Further characterization of the role of individual mTOR complexes (mTORC1 and mTORC2) and their upstream and downstream regulators are necessary to reveal whether these pathways are neuroprotective targets for stroke.
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44
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Shi W, Hegeman MA, Doncheva A, van der Stelt I, Bekkenkamp‐Grovenstein M, van Schothorst EM, Brenner C, de Boer VCJ, Keijer J. Transcriptional Response of White Adipose Tissue to Withdrawal of Vitamin B3. Mol Nutr Food Res 2019; 63:e1801100. [PMID: 30990964 PMCID: PMC6618275 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201801100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2018] [Revised: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
SCOPE Distinct markers for mild vitamin B3 deficiency are lacking. To identify these, the molecular responses of white adipose tissue (WAT) to vitamin B3 withdrawal are examined. METHODS AND RESULTS A dietary intervention is performed in male C57BL/6JRccHsd mice, in which a diet without nicotinamide riboside (NR) is compared to a diet with NR at the recommended vitamin B3 level. Both diets contain low but adequate level of tryptophan. Metabolic flexibility and systemic glucose tolerance are analyzed and global transcriptomics, qRT-PCR, and histology of epididymal WAT (eWAT) are performed. A decreased insulin sensitivity and a shift from carbohydrate to fatty acid oxidation in response to vitamin B3 withdrawal are observed. This is consistent with molecular changes in eWAT, including an activated MEK/ERK signaling, a lowering of glucose utilization markers, and an increase in makers of fatty acid catabolism, possibly related to the consistent lower expression of mitochondrial electron transport complexes. The synthesis pathway of tetrahydropteridine (BH4), an essential cofactor for neurotransmitter synthesis, is transcriptionally activated. Genes marking these processes are technically validated. CONCLUSION The downregulation of Anp32a, Tnk2 and the upregulation of Mapk1, Map2k1, Qdpr, Mthfs, and Mthfsl are proposed as a WAT transcriptional signature marker for mild vitamin B3 deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenbiao Shi
- Human and Animal PhysiologyWageningen UniversityPO Box 3386700AHWageningenThe Netherlands
| | - Maria A. Hegeman
- Human and Animal PhysiologyWageningen UniversityPO Box 3386700AHWageningenThe Netherlands
- Educational Consultancy & Professional DevelopmentFaculty of Social and Behavioural Sciences, Utrecht University3584CSUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Atanaska Doncheva
- Human and Animal PhysiologyWageningen UniversityPO Box 3386700AHWageningenThe Netherlands
| | - Inge van der Stelt
- Human and Animal PhysiologyWageningen UniversityPO Box 3386700AHWageningenThe Netherlands
| | | | | | - Charles Brenner
- Department of BiochemistryCarver College of Medicine, University of IowaIowa CityIA52242USA
| | - Vincent C. J. de Boer
- Human and Animal PhysiologyWageningen UniversityPO Box 3386700AHWageningenThe Netherlands
| | - Jaap Keijer
- Human and Animal PhysiologyWageningen UniversityPO Box 3386700AHWageningenThe Netherlands
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Żurek A, Mizerska-Kowalska M, Sławińska-Brych A, Kaławaj K, Bojarska-Junak A, Kandefer-Szerszeń M, Zdzisińska B. Alpha ketoglutarate exerts a pro-osteogenic effect in osteoblast cell lines through activation of JNK and mTOR/S6K1/S6 signaling pathways. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2019; 374:53-64. [PMID: 31051157 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2019.04.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Revised: 03/30/2019] [Accepted: 04/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Although numerous in vivo studies have suggested that alpha-ketoglutarate (AKG), i.e. the key intermediate in the Krebs cycle, may have an anabolic effect on bone tissue, the direct influence of AKG on osteoblasts and the underlying mechanism of its action have not been investigated so far. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of AKG (disodium salt dihydrate) on osteogenesis in vitro and identification of some signaling mechanisms involved in this activity. The human and mouse normal osteoblast cell lines hFOB 1.19 and MC3T3-E1 were used in this study. The results showed that AKG did not increase the proliferation of osteoblasts; however, it upregulated the expression of transcription factors RUNX2 and Osterix, the mRNA and protein levels of osteoblast differentiation markers (alkaline phosphatase, type I collagen, bone sialoprotein II, osteopontin, osteocalcin), and the mineralization levels in the hFOB 1.19 and MC3T3-E1 cell cultures. Moreover, AKG increased JNK, mTOR, S6K1, and S6 phosphorylation and decreased ERK1/2 phosphorylation in both osteoblast cell lines. The JNK inhibitor and rapamycin, but not the ERK inhibitor, abolished the AKG-promoted osteoblast differentiation. Using immunofluorescence staining, qRT-PCR, and Western blot analysis, we detected the presence of an AKG receptor GPR99 activated by alpha ketoglutaric acid in the tested osteoblast cell lines. However, AKG salt did not activate GPR99. Our findings suggest that AKG salt activates the JNK and mTOR/S6K1/S6 signaling pathways to promote differentiation of osteoblasts, independently of GPR99 activation. We can conclude that AKG salts might be promising candidates for bone anabolic drugs used for prevention or/and treatment of osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Żurek
- Department of Virology and Immunology, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Lublin, Poland
| | | | | | - Katarzyna Kaławaj
- Department of Virology and Immunology, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Lublin, Poland
| | | | | | - Barbara Zdzisińska
- Department of Virology and Immunology, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Lublin, Poland.
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46
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Xu Z, Li C, Liu Q, Yang H, Li P. Ginsenoside Rg1 protects H9c2 cells against nutritional stress-induced injury via aldolase /AMPK/PINK1 signalling. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:18388-18397. [PMID: 31209925 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.29150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2018] [Revised: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 05/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Insufficient nutrients supply will greatly affect the function of cardiac myocytes. The adaptive responses of cardiac myocytes to nutritional stress are not fully known. Ginsenoside Rg1 is one of the most pharmacologically active components in Panax Ginseng and possesses protective effects on cardiomyocyte. Here, we investigate the effects of ginsenoside Rg1 on H9c2 cells which were subjected to nutritional stress. Nutritional stress-induced by glucose deprivation strongly induced cell death and this response was inhibited by ginsenoside Rg1. Importantly, glucose deprivation decreased intracellular ATP levels and mitochondrial membrane potential. Ginsenoside Rg1 rescued ATP levels and mitochondrial membrane potential in nutrient-starved cells. For molecular mechanisms, ginsenoside Rg1 increased the expressions of PTEN-induced kinase 1 (PINK1) and p-AMPK in glucose deprivation treated H9c2 cells. Reducing the expression of aldolase in H9c2 cells inhibited ginsenoside Rg1's actions on PINK1 and p-AMPK. Further, the nutritional stress mice were used to verify the mechanisms obtained in vitro. Ginsenoside Rg1 increased the expressions of aldolase, p-AMPK, and PINK1 in starved mice heart. Taken together, our results reveal that ginsenoside Rg1 limits nutritional stress-induced H9c2 cells injury by regulating the aldolase /AMP-activated protein kinase/PINK1 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- ZhiMeng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - ChengBin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - QingLing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hua Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ping Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
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Hu Z, Zhen L, Li Q, Han Q, Hua Q. Ribavirin sensitizes nasopharyngeal carcinoma to 5-fluorouracil through suppressing 5-fluorouracil-induced ERK-dependent-eIF4E activation. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 513:862-868. [PMID: 31000196 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.04.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2019] [Accepted: 04/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Although overexpression of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E (eIF4E) is associated with enhanced growth and poor prognosis in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), the function of eIF4E in NPC response to chemotherapy has not been revealed. In this work, we demonstrate that eIF4E inhibition using both ribavirin and siRNA targets NPC cells and enhances the efficacy of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). Mechanism studies indicate that 5-FU treatment increases phosphorylation of eIF4E in NPC cells, and this is dependent on ERK activation. eIF4E inhibition thus significantly sensitizes NPC cell response to 5-FU. Of note, ribavirin is a clinically available anti-viral drug. We show that ribavirin exhibits preferential toxicity to NPC with normal nasopharyngeal epithelial cells largely unaffected. Ribavirin acts on NPC cells via inhibiting eIF4E/Akt signaling, and the suppression of eIF4E by ribavirin are not the consequence of inhibition of eIF4E upstream signaling: Mnk and mTOR. In two independent NPC xenograft mouse models, ribavirin at well-tolerated dose that significantly inhibited NPC growth as single drug alone and its combination with 5-FU completely arrests tumor growth throughout the whole duration of treatment, without causing toxicity in mice. Our findings provide the better understanding on the role of eIF4E in NPC in response to 5-FU and preclinical rationale to explore ribavirin as a sensitizing strategy to treat NPC, particularly in those who develop 5-FU resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihua Hu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Xianning Central Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, Hubei, China
| | - Lanfang Zhen
- Department of Rheumatology, Rheumatism Hospital of MaTang Xianning, Xianning, Hubei, China
| | - Qin Li
- Department of Otolaryngology, The Second Clinical Medical College, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
| | - Qi Han
- Department of Oncology, Xianning Central Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, Hubei, China
| | - Qinquan Hua
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
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48
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CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing of SLC37A4 gene elucidates the role of molecular markers of endoplasmic reticulum stress and apoptosis in renal involvement in glycogen storage disease type Ib. Gene 2019; 703:17-25. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2019.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2018] [Revised: 03/29/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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49
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Parzych K, Saavedra-García P, Valbuena GN, Al-Sadah HA, Robinson ME, Penfold L, Kuzeva DM, Ruiz-Tellez A, Loaiza S, Holzmann V, Caputo V, Johnson DC, Kaiser MF, Karadimitris A, Lam EWF, Chevet E, Feldhahn N, Keun HC, Auner HW. The coordinated action of VCP/p97 and GCN2 regulates cancer cell metabolism and proteostasis during nutrient limitation. Oncogene 2019; 38:3216-3231. [PMID: 30626938 PMCID: PMC6756015 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-018-0651-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2018] [Revised: 12/05/2018] [Accepted: 12/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
VCP/p97 regulates numerous cellular functions by mediating protein degradation through its segregase activity. Its key role in governing protein homoeostasis has made VCP/p97 an appealing anticancer drug target. Here, we provide evidence that VCP/p97 acts as a regulator of cellular metabolism. We found that VCP/p97 was tied to multiple metabolic processes on the gene expression level in a diverse range of cancer cell lines and in patient-derived multiple myeloma cells. Cellular VCP/p97 dependency to maintain proteostasis was increased under conditions of glucose and glutamine limitation in a range of cancer cell lines from different tissues. Moreover, glutamine depletion led to increased VCP/p97 expression, whereas VCP/p97 inhibition perturbed metabolic processes and intracellular amino acid turnover. GCN2, an amino acid-sensing kinase, attenuated stress signalling and cell death triggered by VCP/p97 inhibition and nutrient shortages and modulated ERK activation, autophagy, and glycolytic metabolite turnover. Together, our data point to an interconnected role of VCP/p97 and GCN2 in maintaining cancer cell metabolic and protein homoeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Parzych
- Cancer Cell Protein Metabolism Group, Centre for Haematology, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Paula Saavedra-García
- Cancer Cell Protein Metabolism Group, Centre for Haematology, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Gabriel N Valbuena
- Division of Cancer, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK
| | - Hibah A Al-Sadah
- Cancer Cell Protein Metabolism Group, Centre for Haematology, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Mark E Robinson
- Centre for Haematology, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Lucy Penfold
- Cancer Cell Protein Metabolism Group, Centre for Haematology, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Desislava M Kuzeva
- Cancer Cell Protein Metabolism Group, Centre for Haematology, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Angie Ruiz-Tellez
- Cancer Cell Protein Metabolism Group, Centre for Haematology, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Sandra Loaiza
- Cancer Cell Protein Metabolism Group, Centre for Haematology, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Viktoria Holzmann
- Cancer Cell Protein Metabolism Group, Centre for Haematology, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Valentina Caputo
- Centre for Haematology, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - David C Johnson
- Division of Molecular Pathfology, Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, UK
| | - Martin F Kaiser
- Division of Molecular Pathfology, Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, UK
| | | | - Eric W-F Lam
- Division of Cancer, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK
| | - Eric Chevet
- INSERM U1242, Chemistry, Oncogenesis, Stress, Signaling, Université de Rennes 1, Rennes, France
- Centre de Lutte Contre le Cancer Eugène Marquis Rennes, Rennes, France
| | - Niklas Feldhahn
- Centre for Haematology, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Hector C Keun
- Division of Cancer, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK
| | - Holger W Auner
- Cancer Cell Protein Metabolism Group, Centre for Haematology, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK.
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50
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Hadley G, Beard DJ, Couch Y, Neuhaus AA, Adriaanse BA, DeLuca GC, Sutherland BA, Buchan AM. Rapamycin in ischemic stroke: Old drug, new tricks? J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2019; 39:20-35. [PMID: 30334673 PMCID: PMC6311672 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x18807309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2018] [Revised: 08/16/2018] [Accepted: 09/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The significant morbidity that accompanies stroke makes it one of the world's most devastating neurological disorders. Currently, proven effective therapies have been limited to thrombolysis and thrombectomy. The window for the administration of these therapies is narrow, hampered by the necessity of rapidly imaging patients. A therapy that could extend this window by protecting neurons may improve outcome. Endogenous neuroprotection has been shown to be, in part, due to changes in mTOR signalling pathways and the instigation of productive autophagy. Inducing this effect pharmacologically could improve clinical outcomes. One such therapy already in use in transplant medicine is the mTOR inhibitor rapamycin. Recent evidence suggests that rapamycin is neuroprotective, not only via neuronal autophagy but also through its broader effects on other cells of the neurovascular unit. This review highlights the potential use of rapamycin as a multimodal therapy, acting on the blood-brain barrier, cerebral blood flow and inflammation, as well as directly on neurons. There is significant potential in applying this old drug in new ways to improve functional outcomes for patients after stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gina Hadley
- Acute Stroke Programme, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Daniel J Beard
- Acute Stroke Programme, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Yvonne Couch
- Acute Stroke Programme, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Ain A Neuhaus
- Acute Stroke Programme, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Bryan A Adriaanse
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Gabriele C DeLuca
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Brad A Sutherland
- Acute Stroke Programme, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- School of Medicine, College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Alastair M Buchan
- Acute Stroke Programme, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Acute Vascular Imaging Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford University Hospitals, Oxford, UK
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