1
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Silva EP, Rechotnek F, Lima AMO, da Silva ACP, Sequinel T, Freitas CF, Martins AF, Muniz EC. Design and fabrication strategies of molybdenum disulfide-based nanomaterials for combating SARS-CoV-2 and other respiratory diseases: A review. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2024; 163:213949. [PMID: 39002189 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2024.213949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Revised: 06/23/2024] [Accepted: 06/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/15/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Elisangela P Silva
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Piauí (UFPI), Teresina, PI, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Rechotnek
- Department of Chemistry, State University of Maringá (UEM), Maringá, PR, Brazil
| | - Antônia M O Lima
- Department of Chemistry, State University of Maringá (UEM), Maringá, PR, Brazil
| | | | - Thiago Sequinel
- Faculty of Exact Sciences and Technology (FACET), Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados, MS, Brazil
| | - Camila F Freitas
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, SC, Brazil.
| | - Alessandro F Martins
- Department of Chemistry, State University of Maringá (UEM), Maringá, PR, Brazil; Laboratory of Materials, Macromolecules, and Composites (LaMMAC), Federal University of Technology - Paraná (UTFPR), Apucarana, PR, Brazil; Department of Chemistry, Pittsburg State University (PSU), Pittsburg, KS, USA.
| | - Edvani C Muniz
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Piauí (UFPI), Teresina, PI, Brazil; Department of Chemistry, State University of Maringá (UEM), Maringá, PR, Brazil
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2
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Jjagwe J, Olupot PW, Kulabako R, Carrara S. Electrochemical sensors modified with iron oxide nanoparticles/nanocomposites for voltammetric detection of Pb (II) in water: A review. Heliyon 2024; 10:e29743. [PMID: 38665564 PMCID: PMC11044046 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e29743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Permissible limits of Pb2+ in drinking water are being reduced from 10 μgL-1 to 5 μgL-1, which calls for rapid, and highly reliable detection techniques. Electrochemical sensors have garnered attention in detection of heavy metal ions in environmental samples due to their ease of operation, low cost, and rapid detection responses. Selectivity, sensitivity and detection capabilities of these sensors, can be enhanced by modifying their working electrodes (WEs) with iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) and/or their composites. Therefore, this review is an in-depth analysis of the deployment of IONPs/nanocomposites in modification of electrochemical sensors for detection of Pb2+ in drinking water over the past decade. From the analyzed studies (n = 23), the optimal solution pH, deposition potential, and deposition time ranged between 3 and 5.6, -0.7 to -1.4 V vs Ag/AgCl, and 100-400 s, respectively. Majority of the studies employed square wave anodic stripping voltammetry (n = 16), in 0.1 M acetate buffer solution (n = 19) for detection of Pb2+. Limits of detection obtained (2.5 x 10-9 - 4.5 μg/L) were below the permissible levels which indicated good sensitivities of the modified electrodes. Despite the great performance of these modified electrodes, the primary source of IONPs has always been commercial iron-based salts in addition to the use of so many materials as modifying agents of these IONPs. This may limit reproducibility and sustainability of the WEs due to lengthy and costly preparation protocols. Steel and/or iron industrial wastes can be alternatively employed in generation of IONPs for modification of electrochemical sensors. Additionally, biomass-based activated carbons enriched with surface functional groups are also used in modification of bare IONPs, and subsequently bare electrodes. However, these two areas still need to be fully explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Jjagwe
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, Design, Art and Technology, Makerere University, P.O. Box 7062, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Peter Wilberforce Olupot
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, Design, Art and Technology, Makerere University, P.O. Box 7062, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Robinah Kulabako
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, College of Engineering, Design, Art and Technology, Makerere University, P.O. Box 7062, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Sandro Carrara
- Bio/CMOS Interfaces Laboratory, School of Engineering, Institute of Microengineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Neuchâtel, Switzerland
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3
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Akhavan-Mahdavi S, Mirbagheri MS, Assadpour E, Sani MA, Zhang F, Jafari SM. Electrospun nanofiber-based sensors for the detection of chemical and biological contaminants/hazards in the food industries. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 325:103111. [PMID: 38367336 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2024.103111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024]
Abstract
Food contamination reveals a major health risk globally and presents a significant challenge for the food industry. It can stem from biological contaminants like pathogens, parasites, and viruses, or chemical contaminants such as heavy metals, pesticides, drugs, and hormones. There is also the possibility of naturally occurring hazardous chemicals. Consequently, the development of sensing platforms has become crucial to accurately and rapidly identify contaminants and hazards in food products. Electrospun nanofibers (NFs) offer a promising solution due to their unique three-dimensional architecture, large specific surface area, and ease of preparation. Moreover, NFs exhibit excellent biocompatibility, degradability, and adaptability, making monitoring more convenient and environmentally friendly. These characteristics also significantly reduce the detection process of contaminants. NF-based sensors have the ability to detect a wide range of biological, chemicals, and physical hazards. Recent research on NFs-based sensors for the detection of various food contaminants/hazards, such as pathogens, pesticide/drugs residues, toxins, allergens, and heavy metals, is presented in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahar Akhavan-Mahdavi
- Department of Food Materials and Process Design Engineering, Gorgan University of Agricultural Science and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Mahnaz Sadat Mirbagheri
- Department of Food Materials and Process Design Engineering, Gorgan University of Agricultural Science and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Elham Assadpour
- Food Industry Research Co., Gorgan, Iran; Food and Bio-Nanotech International Research Center (Fabiano), Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Mahmood Alizadeh Sani
- Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fuyuan Zhang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China.
| | - Seid Mahdi Jafari
- Department of Food Materials and Process Design Engineering, Gorgan University of Agricultural Science and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran; Halal Research Center of IRI, Iran Food and Drug Administration, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran.
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4
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da Silva EP, Fragal VH, Fragal EH, Sequinel T, Gorup LF, Silva R, Muniz EC. Sustainable energy and waste management: How to transform plastic waste into carbon nanostructures for electrochemical supercapacitors. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2023; 171:71-85. [PMID: 37651944 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2023.08.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 07/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Plastic waste consumption increases exponentially every year, mainly in the last three years due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The rapid growth of plastic products has exceeded the world's capacity to deal with this type of trash. Thus, it has become a substantial environmental concern in modern society. Another dire concern is the improper disposal of used supercapacitors, leading to serious environmental impacts. Consequently, critical action to tackle this issue is to transform trash into high-valued materials, such as carbon nanomaterial supercapacitors. Considering several methodologies of recycling, pyrolysis stands out due to its simplicity and easy handling of mixed plastic waste to produce carbonaceous materials with different dimensions (0, 1, 2, and 3D). Thus, from this technology, it is possible to create new opportunities for using plastic waste and other types of waste to produce cheaper carbon-based materials for supercapacitors. This review aims to provide readers with a sustainability-driven view regarding the reutilization of plastic trash, discusses the environmental consequences of not doing so, and shows plastic waste solutions. Despite the broad scope of the topic, this review focuses on identifying the currently studied strategies to convert plastic waste into carbon-based electrodes, using less expensive and more efficient competitive protocols, besides emphasizing the diverse types (0, 1, 2, and 3D) of nanostructures. This review also proposes promising options for a sustainable cycle of plastic waste and supercapacitor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisangela Pacheco da Silva
- Department of Chemistry, UEM - State University of Maringa Avenida Colombo 5790, CEP, 87020-900, Paraná, Maringá, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Hafemann Fragal
- Department of Chemistry, UEM - State University of Maringa Avenida Colombo 5790, CEP, 87020-900, Paraná, Maringá, Brazil
| | - Elizângela Hafemann Fragal
- Department of Chemistry, UEM - State University of Maringa Avenida Colombo 5790, CEP, 87020-900, Paraná, Maringá, Brazil
| | - Thiago Sequinel
- Faculty of Exact Sciences and Technology (FACET), Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados, MS 79804-970, Brazil
| | - Luiz Fernando Gorup
- LIEC - Laboratory Interdisciplinar de Eletroquímica e Cerâmica, Departament of Chemistry, UFSCar-Federal, University of São Carlos, Rod. Washington Luis km 235, CP 676, São Carlos, SP 13565-905, Brazil; Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Alfenas, CEP 37130-001, Alfenas, MG, Brazil
| | - Rafael Silva
- Department of Chemistry, UEM - State University of Maringa Avenida Colombo 5790, CEP, 87020-900, Paraná, Maringá, Brazil
| | - Edvani C Muniz
- Department of Chemistry, UEM - State University of Maringa Avenida Colombo 5790, CEP, 87020-900, Paraná, Maringá, Brazil; Department of Material Science, Federal University of Technology - Parana, Estr. dos Pioneiros, 3131, CEP 86036-370, Jardim Morumbi, Londrina, Parana, Brazil; Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Piauí, Campus Petrônio Portella, Ininga, Teresina, CEP 64049-550, Piauí, Brazil.
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5
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Fan J, Shang T, Duan P. Design of electrochemical sensor for 1,3-propanediol detection in presence of glycerol. INT J ELECTROCHEM SC 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijoes.2023.100031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
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6
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Calvillo Solís JJ, Galicia García M, González Bravo FJ, Ortiz‐Ledón CA. Electrografting a
p
‐Propylaniline/L–Cys Nanofilm onto a Glassy Carbon Electrode Resulting in Enhanced Electrosensing of Cd(II), Pb(II) and Hg(II). ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202203592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan J. Calvillo Solís
- Department of Chemistry-Biological Sciences Universidad Autónoma de Ciudad Juárez 32300 Ciudad Juárez Chihuahua México
| | - Mónica Galicia García
- Department of Chemistry-Biological Sciences Universidad Autónoma de Ciudad Juárez 32300 Ciudad Juárez Chihuahua México
| | - Felipe J. González Bravo
- Department of Chemistry Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN 07360 México City México
| | - César A. Ortiz‐Ledón
- Department of Chemistry University of Wisconsin-Madison Madison Wisconsin 53706 United States
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7
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Song J, Lin X, Ee LY, Li SFY, Huang M. A Review on Electrospinning as Versatile Supports for Diverse Nanofibers and Their Applications in Environmental Sensing. ADVANCED FIBER MATERIALS 2022; 5:429-460. [PMID: 36530770 PMCID: PMC9734373 DOI: 10.1007/s42765-022-00237-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/13/2022] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Rapid industrialization is accompanied by the deterioration of the natural environment. The deepening crisis associated with the ecological environment has garnered widespread attention toward strengthening environmental monitoring and protection. Environmental sensors are one of the key technologies for environmental monitoring, ultimately enabling environmental protection. In recent decades, micro/nanomaterials have been widely studied and applied in environmental sensing owing to their unique dimensional properties. Electrospinning has been developed and adopted as a facile, quick, and effective technology to produce continuous micro- and nanofiber materials. The technology has advanced rapidly and become one of the hotspots in the field of nanomaterials research. Environmental sensors made from electrospun nanofibers possess many advantages, such as having a porous structure and high specific surface area, which effectively improve their performance in environmental sensing. Furthermore, by introducing functional nanomaterials (carbon nanotubes, metal oxides, conjugated polymers, etc.) into electrospun fibers, synergistic effects between different materials can be utilized to improve the catalytic activity and sensitivity of the sensors. In this review, we aimed to outline the progress of research over the past decade on electrospinning nanofibers with different morphologies and functional characteristics in environmental sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialing Song
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Science and Technology of Eco-Textile, Ministry of Education, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620 People’s Republic of China
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore, 117543 Singapore
| | - Xuanhao Lin
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore, 117543 Singapore
| | - Liang Ying Ee
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore, 117543 Singapore
| | - Sam Fong Yau Li
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore, 117543 Singapore
- National University of Singapore Environmental Research Institute, T Lab Bldg, 5A Engineering Drive 1, Singapore, 117411 Singapore
| | - Manhong Huang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Science and Technology of Eco-Textile, Ministry of Education, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620 People’s Republic of China
- Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai, 200092 People’s Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620 People’s Republic of China
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8
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Bio-inspired membranes for adsorption of arsenic via immobilized L-Cysteine in highly hydrophilic electrospun nanofibers. Chem Eng Res Des 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2022.06.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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9
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Pecheu CN, Jiokeng SLZ, Tamo AK, Doungmo G, Doench I, Osorio-Madrazo A, Tonle IK, Ngameni E. Fabrication of an Organofunctionalized Talc-like Magnesium Phyllosilicate for the Electrochemical Sensing of Lead Ions in Water Samples. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:2928. [PMID: 36079966 PMCID: PMC9457713 DOI: 10.3390/nano12172928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
A talc-like magnesium phyllosilicate functionalized with amine groups (TalcNH2), useful as sensor material in voltammetry stripping analysis, was synthesized by a sol-gel-based processing method. The characterizations of the resulting synthetic organoclay by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction, N2 sorption isotherms (BET method), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), CHN elemental analysis and UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (UV-Vis-DRS) demonstrated the effectiveness of the process used for grafting of amine functionality in the interlamellar clay. The results indicate the presence of organic moieties covalently bonded to the inorganic lattice of talc-like magnesium phyllosilicate silicon sheet, with interlayer distances of 1568.4 pm. In an effort to use a talc-like material as an electrode material without the addition of a dispersing agent and/or molecular glue, the TalcNH2 material was successfully dispersed in distilled water in contrast to natural talc. Then, it was used to modify a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) by drop coating. The characterization of the resulting modified electrode by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) revealed its charge selectivity ability. In addition, EIS results showed low charge transfer resistance (0.32 Ω) during the electro-oxidation of [Fe(CN)6]3-. Kinetics studies were also performed by EIS, which revealed that the standard heterogeneous electron transfer rate constant was (0.019 ± 0.001) cm.s-1, indicating a fast direct electron transfer rate of [Fe(CN)6]3- to the electrode. Using anodic adsorptive stripping differential pulse voltammetry (DPV), fast and highly sensitive determination of Pb(II) ions was achieved. The peak current of Pb2+ ions on TalcNH2/GCE was about three-fold more important than that obtained on bare GCE. The calculated detection and quantification limits were respectively 7.45 × 10-8 M (S/N = 3) and 24.84 × 10-8 M (S/N 10), for the determination of Pb2+ under optimized conditions. The method was successfully used to tap water with satisfactory results. The results highlight the efficient chelation of Pb2+ ions by the grafted NH2 groups and the potential of talc-like amino-functionalized magnesium phyllosilicate for application in electrochemical sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chancellin Nkepdep Pecheu
- Electrochemistry and Chemistry of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Dschang, Dschang P.O. Box 67, Cameroon
| | - Sherman Lesly Zambou Jiokeng
- Electrochemistry and Chemistry of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Dschang, Dschang P.O. Box 67, Cameroon
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie und Strukturchemie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, 40204 Düsseldorf, Germany
- Laboratoire de Chimie Physique et Microbiologie pour les Matériaux et l’Environnement (LCPME), UMR 7564 CNRS—Université de Lorraine, 405, rue de Vandœuvre, 54600 Villers-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Arnaud Kamdem Tamo
- Laboratory for Bioinspired Materials BMBT, Institute of Microsystems Engineering IMTEK-Sensors, University of Freiburg, 79110 Freiburg, Germany
- Freiburg Center for Interactive Materials and Bioinspired Technologies FIT, University of Freiburg, 79110 Freiburg, Germany
- Freiburg Materials Research Center FMF, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Giscard Doungmo
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Max-Eyth-Str. 2, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - Ingo Doench
- Laboratory for Bioinspired Materials BMBT, Institute of Microsystems Engineering IMTEK-Sensors, University of Freiburg, 79110 Freiburg, Germany
- Freiburg Center for Interactive Materials and Bioinspired Technologies FIT, University of Freiburg, 79110 Freiburg, Germany
- Freiburg Materials Research Center FMF, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Anayancy Osorio-Madrazo
- Laboratory for Bioinspired Materials BMBT, Institute of Microsystems Engineering IMTEK-Sensors, University of Freiburg, 79110 Freiburg, Germany
- Freiburg Center for Interactive Materials and Bioinspired Technologies FIT, University of Freiburg, 79110 Freiburg, Germany
- Freiburg Materials Research Center FMF, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ignas Kenfack Tonle
- Electrochemistry and Chemistry of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Dschang, Dschang P.O. Box 67, Cameroon
| | - Emmanuel Ngameni
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Yaounde 1, Yaoundé P.O. Box 812, Cameroon
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Zhai H, Wang Y, Yin J, Zhang Y, Guo Q, Sun X, Guo Y, Yang Q, Li F, Zhang Y. Electrochemiluminescence biosensor for determination of lead(II) ions using signal amplification by Au@SiO 2 and tripropylamine-endonuclease assisted cycling process. Mikrochim Acta 2022; 189:317. [PMID: 35930068 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-022-05429-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
MXene@Au as the base and Au@SiO2 as signal amplification factor were used for constructing an ultrasensitive "on-off" electrochemiluminescence (ECL) biosensor for the detection of Pb2+ in water. The use of MXene@Au composite provided a good interface environment for the loading of tris(2,2-bipyridyl)ruthenium(II) (Ru(bpy)32+) on the electrode. Based on resonance energy transfer, the Au (core) SiO2 (shell) (Au@SiO2) nanoparticles stimulate electron transport and promote tripropylamine (TPrA) oxidation. The luminescence effect of Au@SiO2 was five times that of AuNPs and SiO2 nanomaterials alone, and the ECL intensity was greatly improved. In addition, Pb2+ activated the aptamer to exert its endonuclease activity, which realized the signal cycle amplification in the process of Pb2+ detection. When Pb2+ was added, the ECL signal weakened, and the Pb2+ concentration was detected according to the decreased ECL intensity. Under optimized experimental conditions, this aptamer sensor for Pb2+ has a wide detection range (0.1 to 1 × 106 ng L-1) and a low detection limit (0.059 ng L-1). The relative standard deviation (RSD) of the sensor is 0.39-0.99%, and the recovery of spiked standard is between 90.00 and 125.70%. The sensor shows good selectivity and high sensitivity in actual water sample analysis. This signal amplification strategy possibly provides a new method for the detection of other heavy metal ions and small molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongguo Zhai
- School of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, No. 266 Xincun Xilu, Zibo, 255049, China.,Shandong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Vegetable Safety and Quality Traceability, No. 266 Xincun Xilu, Zibo, 255049, China.,Zibo City Key Laboratory of Agricultural Product Safety Traceability, No. 266 Xincun Xilu, Zibo, 255049, China
| | - Yue Wang
- School of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, No. 266 Xincun Xilu, Zibo, 255049, China.,Shandong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Vegetable Safety and Quality Traceability, No. 266 Xincun Xilu, Zibo, 255049, China.,Zibo City Key Laboratory of Agricultural Product Safety Traceability, No. 266 Xincun Xilu, Zibo, 255049, China
| | - Jiaqi Yin
- School of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, No. 266 Xincun Xilu, Zibo, 255049, China.,Shandong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Vegetable Safety and Quality Traceability, No. 266 Xincun Xilu, Zibo, 255049, China.,Zibo City Key Laboratory of Agricultural Product Safety Traceability, No. 266 Xincun Xilu, Zibo, 255049, China
| | - Yuhao Zhang
- School of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, No. 266 Xincun Xilu, Zibo, 255049, China.,Shandong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Vegetable Safety and Quality Traceability, No. 266 Xincun Xilu, Zibo, 255049, China.,Zibo City Key Laboratory of Agricultural Product Safety Traceability, No. 266 Xincun Xilu, Zibo, 255049, China
| | - Qi Guo
- School of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, No. 266 Xincun Xilu, Zibo, 255049, China.,Shandong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Vegetable Safety and Quality Traceability, No. 266 Xincun Xilu, Zibo, 255049, China.,Zibo City Key Laboratory of Agricultural Product Safety Traceability, No. 266 Xincun Xilu, Zibo, 255049, China
| | - Xia Sun
- School of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, No. 266 Xincun Xilu, Zibo, 255049, China.,Shandong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Vegetable Safety and Quality Traceability, No. 266 Xincun Xilu, Zibo, 255049, China.,Zibo City Key Laboratory of Agricultural Product Safety Traceability, No. 266 Xincun Xilu, Zibo, 255049, China
| | - Yemin Guo
- School of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, No. 266 Xincun Xilu, Zibo, 255049, China.,Shandong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Vegetable Safety and Quality Traceability, No. 266 Xincun Xilu, Zibo, 255049, China.,Zibo City Key Laboratory of Agricultural Product Safety Traceability, No. 266 Xincun Xilu, Zibo, 255049, China
| | - Qingqing Yang
- School of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, No. 266 Xincun Xilu, Zibo, 255049, China.,Shandong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Vegetable Safety and Quality Traceability, No. 266 Xincun Xilu, Zibo, 255049, China.,Zibo City Key Laboratory of Agricultural Product Safety Traceability, No. 266 Xincun Xilu, Zibo, 255049, China
| | - Falan Li
- School of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, No. 266 Xincun Xilu, Zibo, 255049, China.,Shandong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Vegetable Safety and Quality Traceability, No. 266 Xincun Xilu, Zibo, 255049, China.,Zibo City Key Laboratory of Agricultural Product Safety Traceability, No. 266 Xincun Xilu, Zibo, 255049, China
| | - Yanyan Zhang
- School of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, No. 266 Xincun Xilu, Zibo, 255049, China. .,Shandong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Vegetable Safety and Quality Traceability, No. 266 Xincun Xilu, Zibo, 255049, China. .,Zibo City Key Laboratory of Agricultural Product Safety Traceability, No. 266 Xincun Xilu, Zibo, 255049, China.
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11
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Feng S, Yan M, Xue Y, Huang J, Yang X. An electrochemical sensor for sensitive detection of dopamine based on a COF/Pt/MWCNT-COOH nanocomposite. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:6092-6095. [PMID: 35502936 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc01376b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Herein, an electrochemical sensor was developed for sensitive detection of dopamine (DA) based on a novel COF-based nanocomposite named COF/Pt/MWCNT-COOH, which possesses large specific surface area, excellent electrical conductivity, and high catalytic activity, thus broadening the application of COFs in the electrochemical sensing area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sinuo Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130022, China. .,University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China
| | - Mengxia Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130022, China. .,University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China
| | - Yu Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130022, China. .,University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China
| | - Jianshe Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130022, China.
| | - Xiurong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130022, China. .,University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China
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Tchoffo R, Ngassa GBP, Doungmo G, Kamdem AT, Tonlé IK, Ngameni E. Surface functionalization of natural hydroxyapatite by polymerization of β-cyclodextrin: application as electrode material for the electrochemical detection of Pb(II). ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:222-235. [PMID: 34342829 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-15578-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
A composite material prepared by polymerization of β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) on the surface of natural hydroxyapatite using citric acid as cross linker, was employed as electrode material for the detection of Pb(II). Hydroxyapatite was obtained from bovine bones, following a three-step procedure including pre-calcination, chemical treatment with (NH4)2HPO4, and calcination. The structure and morphology of the pristine hydroxyapatite (NHAPP0.5) and its functionalized counterpart (NHAPp0.5-CA-β-CD) were examined using XRD, FTIR, and SEM. Upon deposition as thin film on a glassy carbon electrode (GCE), the ion exchange ability of NHAPp0.5-CA-β-CD was exploited to elaborate a sensitive sensor for the detection of lead. The electroanalytical procedure was based on the chemical accumulation of Pb(II) ions under open-circuit conditions, followed by the detection of the preconcentrated species using differential pulse anodic stripping voltammetry. The reproducibility of the proposed method, based on a series of 8 measurements in a solution containing 2 μM Pb(II) gave a coefficient of variation of 1.27%. Significant parameters that can affect the stripping response of Pb(II) were optimized, leading to a linear calibration curve for lead in the concentration range of 2 × 10-8 mol L-1 - 20 × 10-8 mol L-1 (R2 = 0.998). The detection limit (3S/m) and the sensitivity of the proposed sensor were 5.06 × 10-10 mol L-1 and 100.80 μA.μM-1, respectively. The interfering effect of several ions expected to affect the determination of lead was evaluated, and the proposed sensor was successfully applied in the determination of Pb(II) ions in spring water, well water, river water and tap water samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigue Tchoffo
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, The University of Yaounde 1, P.O. Box 812, Yaounde, Cameroon
| | - Guy B P Ngassa
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, The University of Yaounde 1, P.O. Box 812, Yaounde, Cameroon.
- Department of Chemistry, University of Douala, P.O. Box 24157, Douala, Cameroon.
| | - Giscard Doungmo
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Max-Eyth-Straβe 2, 24118, Kiel, Germany
| | - Arnaud T Kamdem
- Freiburg Materials Research Center (FMF), University of Freiburg, Stefan Meier Strasse 21, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ignas K Tonlé
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, The University of Yaounde 1, P.O. Box 812, Yaounde, Cameroon.
- Chemistry of Materials and Electrochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, P.O. Box 67, Dschang, Cameroon.
| | - Emmanuel Ngameni
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, The University of Yaounde 1, P.O. Box 812, Yaounde, Cameroon
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Zhu Y, Wang X, Wang P, Zhu J, He Y, Jia X, Chang F, Wang H, Hu G. Two-dimensional BCN nanosheets self-assembled with hematite nanocrystals for sensitively detecting trace toxic Pb(II) ions in natural water. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 225:112745. [PMID: 34481349 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Revised: 08/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In the present work, hematite-boron-carbonitride (Fe2O3-BCN) nanosheets were synthesized by a simple hydrothermal reaction and the following high temperature treatment. The morphology, structure and chemical composition of the as-prepared material were carefully characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The Fe2O3-BCN nanosheets were used to modified on the surface of the glassy carbon electrode to fabricate an electrochemical sensor for lead ions (Pb(II)) via differential pulse anodic stripping voltammetry (DPASV). At the same time, the influence of the modification concentration, solution acidity, deposition potential and deposition time on response peak current of Pb(II) at the Fe2O3-BCN-based electrochemical sensor was well investigated. Under the optimized conditions, the electrochemical signal and concentration of Pb(II) show two-stage linear relationship in the range of 0.5 - 40 μg/L and 40 -140 μg/L, with a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.129 μg/L. The Fe2O3-BCN-based electrochemical sensor shows excellent selectivity and anti-interference ability in the anti-interference experiments and actual sample analysis experiments, revealing its broad application in environmental monitoring of Pb(II).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yelin Zhu
- School of Electronic Communication Technology, Shenzhen Institute of Information Technology, Shenzhen 518172, China; College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Xinzhong Wang
- School of Electronic Communication Technology, Shenzhen Institute of Information Technology, Shenzhen 518172, China.
| | - Ping Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Jian Zhu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China.
| | - Yingnan He
- Institute for Ecological Research and Pollution Control of Plateau Lakes, School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming 650504, China
| | - Xiuxiu Jia
- Institute for Ecological Research and Pollution Control of Plateau Lakes, School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming 650504, China
| | - Fengqin Chang
- Institute for Ecological Research and Pollution Control of Plateau Lakes, School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming 650504, China
| | - Huaisheng Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252000, China
| | - Guangzhi Hu
- Institute for Ecological Research and Pollution Control of Plateau Lakes, School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming 650504, China.
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Simple fabrication of a hexagonal prisms with hexagonal pyramid tips V2O5@MOF(V, Co) and its application as electrochemical sensor for Pb2+. INORG CHEM COMMUN 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.inoche.2021.108966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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15
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Feeney SG, LaFreniere JMJ, Halpern JM. Perspective on Nanofiber Electrochemical Sensors: Design of Relative Selectivity Experiments. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:3706. [PMID: 34771266 PMCID: PMC8588248 DOI: 10.3390/polym13213706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of nanofibers creates the ability for non-enzymatic sensing in various applications and greatly improves the sensitivity, speed, and accuracy of electrochemical sensors for a wide variety of analytes. The high surface area to volume ratio of the fibers as well as their high porosity, even when compared to other common nanostructures, allows for enhanced electrocatalytic, adsorptive, and analyte-specific recognition mechanisms. Nanofibers have the potential to rival and replace materials used in electrochemical sensing. As more types of nanofibers are developed and tested for new applications, more consistent and refined selectivity experiments are needed. We applied this idea in a review of interferant control experiments and real sample analyses. The goal of this review is to provide guidelines for acceptable nanofiber sensor selectivity experiments with considerations for electrocatalytic, adsorptive, and analyte-specific recognition mechanisms. The intended presented review and guidelines will be of particular use to junior researchers designing their first control experiments, but could be used as a reference for anyone designing selectivity experiments for non-enzymatic sensors including nanofibers. We indicate the importance of testing both interferants in complex media and mechanistic interferants in the selectivity analysis of newly developed nanofiber sensor surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stanley G. Feeney
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of New Hampshire, Durham, 03824 NH, USA;
| | | | - Jeffrey Mark Halpern
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of New Hampshire, Durham, 03824 NH, USA;
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Boonruang S, Naksen P, Anutrasakda W, Chansaenpak K, Promarak V, Saenmuangchin R, Phechkrajang C, Jarujamrus P. Use of nitrogen-doped amorphous carbon nanodots (N-CNDs) as a fluorometric paper-based sensor: a new approach for sensitive determination of lead(ii) at a trace level in highly ionic matrices. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2021; 13:3551-3560. [PMID: 34292282 DOI: 10.1039/d1ay00765c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
This work reports a facile synthesis of nitrogen-doped amorphous carbon nanodots (N-CNDs) and their use as a fluorometric paper-based sensor for the determination of Pb2+ at a low concentration. Both solution-based and paper-based systems were developed. The results show that the linearity ranges for Pb2+ determination were 0.010-10 mg L-1 (LOD = 0.008 mg L-1) and 0.005-0.075 mg L-1 (LOD = 0.004 mg L-1) for the solution-based and the paper-based sensors, respectively. Furthermore, the developed sensors show relatively high selectivity toward Pb2+ over ten other metal cations of different charges including As3+, Hg2+, Cd2+, Mg2+, Ni2+, Zn2+, Fe3+, Cu2+, Ba2+, and Ag+. The mechanism of Pb2+ determination was also investigated. It was found that the sensors exploited the quenching of the fluorescence intensity of N-CNDs by Pb2+via the photo-induced electron transfer (PET) mechanism. When applied to real water and herbal medicine samples, the performance of the sensor exhibited no significant difference as compared to the results of the validation method (ICP-OES). Overall, the developed sensors, especially the paper-based one, are promising for the practical analysis of Pb2+ in pharmaceutical and environmental samples with a low Pb2+ concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siwaluck Boonruang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, 447 Sri-Ayuthaya Road, Phayathai, Ratchathewi, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
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Halicka K, Cabaj J. Electrospun Nanofibers for Sensing and Biosensing Applications-A Review. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:6357. [PMID: 34198611 PMCID: PMC8232165 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22126357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Sensors and biosensors have found applications in many areas, e.g., in medicine and clinical diagnostics, or in environmental monitoring. To expand this field, nanotechnology has been employed in the construction of sensing platforms. Because of their properties, such as high surface area to volume ratio, nanofibers (NFs) have been studied and used to develop sensors with higher loading capacity, better sensitivity, and faster response time. They also allow to miniaturize designed platforms. One of the most commonly used techniques of the fabrication of NFs is electrospinning. Electrospun NFs can be used in different types of sensors and biosensors. This review presents recent studies concerning electrospun nanofiber-based electrochemical and optical sensing platforms for the detection of various medically and environmentally relevant compounds, including glucose, drugs, microorganisms, and toxic metal ions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Joanna Cabaj
- Faculty of Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeze Wyspianskiego 27, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland;
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Malara A, Fotia A, Paone E, Serrano G. Electrospun Nanofibers and Electrochemical Techniques for the Detection of Heavy Metal Ions. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14113000. [PMID: 34206003 PMCID: PMC8197985 DOI: 10.3390/ma14113000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Revised: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Contamination by heavy metals is currently one of the most environmental concerns especially due to the toxicity, pervasiveness, and persistence of these substances. As they are not biodegradable, heavy metals are harmful not only for water, air, and soil but also for human health, even in very low traces. There is therefore a pressing need to develop an efficient, economic, and rapid analysis method to be applied in a wide range of conditions and able to detect very low contaminants concentrations. Currently, the most novel solution in this field is represented by the combination of electrospun nanofibers and highly sensitive electrochemical techniques. It has been proved that nanofibers, due to their outstanding properties, perfectly fit as sensing material when trace concentrations of heavy metals were investigated by anodic stripping voltammetry, envisaged as the most sensitive electrochemical technique for this kind of measurements. This work aims to provide an overview of the latest trends in the detection of contaminants by the simultaneous use of electrospun fibers and anodic stripping voltammetry. Indeed, a clear and comprehensive vision of the current status of this research may drive future improvements and new challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Malara
- Department of Civil, Energy, Environment and Material Engineering, Mediterranea University of Reggio Calabria, Via Graziella Loc Feo di Vito, 89124 Reggio Calabria, Italy;
- Consorzio Interuniversitario per la Scienza e la Tecnologia dei Materiali (INSTM), 50121 Firenze, Italy;
- Correspondence:
| | - Antonio Fotia
- Department of Information Engineering, Infrastructures and Sustainable Energy, Mediterranea University of Reggio Calabria, Via Graziella Loc Feo di Vito, 89124 Reggio Calabria, Italy;
| | - Emilia Paone
- Department of Civil, Energy, Environment and Material Engineering, Mediterranea University of Reggio Calabria, Via Graziella Loc Feo di Vito, 89124 Reggio Calabria, Italy;
- Consorzio Interuniversitario per la Scienza e la Tecnologia dei Materiali (INSTM), 50121 Firenze, Italy;
| | - Giulia Serrano
- Consorzio Interuniversitario per la Scienza e la Tecnologia dei Materiali (INSTM), 50121 Firenze, Italy;
- Department of Industrial Engineering—DIEF, University of Florence, Via di S. Marta 3, 50139 Firenze, Italy
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Banitaba SN, Ehrmann A. Application of Electrospun Nanofibers for Fabrication of Versatile and Highly Efficient Electrochemical Devices: A Review. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:1741. [PMID: 34073391 PMCID: PMC8197972 DOI: 10.3390/polym13111741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Revised: 05/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Electrochemical devices convert chemical reactions into electrical energy or, vice versa, electricity into a chemical reaction. While batteries, fuel cells, supercapacitors, solar cells, and sensors belong to the galvanic cells based on the first reaction, electrolytic cells are based on the reversed process and used to decompose chemical compounds by electrolysis. Especially fuel cells, using an electrochemical reaction of hydrogen with an oxidizing agent to produce electricity, and electrolytic cells, e.g., used to split water into hydrogen and oxygen, are of high interest in the ongoing search for production and storage of renewable energies. This review sheds light on recent developments in the area of electrospun electrochemical devices, new materials, techniques, and applications. Starting with a brief introduction into electrospinning, recent research dealing with electrolytic cells, batteries, fuel cells, supercapacitors, electrochemical solar cells, and electrochemical sensors is presented. The paper concentrates on the advantages of electrospun nanofiber mats for these applications which are mostly based on their high specific surface area and the possibility to tailor morphology and material properties during the spinning and post-treatment processes. It is shown that several research areas dealing with electrospun parts of electrochemical devices have already reached a broad state-of-the-art, while other research areas have large space for future investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Andrea Ehrmann
- Faculty of Engineering and Mathematics, Bielefeld University of Applied Sciences, 33619 Bielefeld, Germany
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Munonde TS, Nomngongo PN. Nanocomposites for Electrochemical Sensors and Their Applications on the Detection of Trace Metals in Environmental Water Samples. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 21:E131. [PMID: 33379201 PMCID: PMC7795550 DOI: 10.3390/s21010131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Revised: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The elevated concentrations of various trace metals beyond existing guideline recommendations in water bodies have promoted research on the development of various electrochemical nanosensors for the trace metals' early detection. Inspired by the exciting physical and chemical properties of nanomaterials, advanced functional nanocomposites with improved sensitivity, sensitivity and stability, amongst other performance parameters, have been synthesized, characterized, and applied on the detection of various trace metals in water matrices. Nanocomposites have been perceived as a solution to address a critical challenge of distinct nanomaterials that are limited by agglomerations, structure stacking leading to aggregations, low conductivity, and limited porous structure for electrolyte access, amongst others. In the past few years, much effort has been dedicated to the development of various nanocomposites such as; electrochemical nanosensors for the detection of trace metals in water matrices. Herein, the recent progress on the development of nanocomposites classified according to their structure as carbon nanocomposites, metallic nanocomposites, and metal oxide/hydroxide nanocomposites is summarized, alongside their application as electrochemical nanosensors for trace metals detection in water matrices. Some perspectives on the development of smart electrochemical nanosensors are also introduced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tshimangadzo S. Munonde
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein Campus, P.O. Box 17011, Doornfontein 2028, South Africa;
- DST/NRF SARChI Chair, Nanotechnology for Water, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein 2028, South Africa
| | - Philiswa N. Nomngongo
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein Campus, P.O. Box 17011, Doornfontein 2028, South Africa;
- DST/NRF SARChI Chair, Nanotechnology for Water, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein 2028, South Africa
- DST/Mintek Nanotechnology Innovation Centre, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein 2028, South Africa
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