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Elsayed AK, Aldous N, Alajez NM, Abdelalim EM. Identifying miRNA Signatures Associated with Pancreatic Islet Dysfunction in a FOXA2-Deficient iPSC Model. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2024:10.1007/s12015-024-10752-0. [PMID: 38916841 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-024-10752-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/26/2024]
Abstract
The pathogenesis of diabetes involves complex changes in the expression profiles of mRNA and non-coding RNAs within pancreatic islet cells. Recent progress in induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) technology have allowed the modeling of diabetes-associated genes. Our recent study using FOXA2-deficient human iPSC models has highlighted an essential role for FOXA2 in the development of human pancreas. Here, we aimed to provide further insights on the role of microRNAs (miRNAs) by studying the miRNA-mRNA regulatory networks in iPSC-derived islets lacking the FOXA2 gene. Consistent with our previous findings, the absence of FOXA2 significantly downregulated the expression of islet hormones, INS, and GCG, alongside other key developmental genes in pancreatic islets. Concordantly, RNA-Seq analysis showed significant downregulation of genes related to pancreatic development and upregulation of genes associated with nervous system development and lipid metabolic pathways. Furthermore, the absence of FOXA2 in iPSC-derived pancreatic islets resulted in significant alterations in miRNA expression, with 61 miRNAs upregulated and 99 downregulated. The upregulated miRNAs targeted crucial genes involved in diabetes and pancreatic islet cell development. In contrary, the absence of FOXA2 in islets showed a network of downregulated miRNAs targeting genes related to nervous system development and lipid metabolism. These findings highlight the impact of FOXA2 absence on pancreatic islet development and suggesting intricate miRNA-mRNA regulatory networks affecting pancreatic islet cell development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed K Elsayed
- Laboratory of Pluripotent Stem Cell Disease Modeling, Translational Medicine Department, Research Branch, Sidra Medicine, P.O. Box 26999, Doha, Qatar
- Stem Cell Core, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute (QBRI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation (QF), PO Box 34110, Doha, Qatar
- College of Health and Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation (QF), Doha, Qatar
| | - Noura Aldous
- Laboratory of Pluripotent Stem Cell Disease Modeling, Translational Medicine Department, Research Branch, Sidra Medicine, P.O. Box 26999, Doha, Qatar
- College of Health and Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation (QF), Doha, Qatar
- Diabetes Research Center (DRC), Qatar Biomedical Research Institute (QBRI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation (QF), PO Box 34110, Doha, Qatar
| | - Nehad M Alajez
- College of Health and Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation (QF), Doha, Qatar
- Translational Cancer and Immunity Center (TCIC), Qatar Biomedical Research Institute (QBRI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation (QF), PO Box 34110, Doha, Qatar
| | - Essam M Abdelalim
- Laboratory of Pluripotent Stem Cell Disease Modeling, Translational Medicine Department, Research Branch, Sidra Medicine, P.O. Box 26999, Doha, Qatar.
- College of Health and Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation (QF), Doha, Qatar.
- Diabetes Research Center (DRC), Qatar Biomedical Research Institute (QBRI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation (QF), PO Box 34110, Doha, Qatar.
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Chen J, Dai P, Ke W, Wan X, Liu J, Xu L, Xiao H, Li Y, Liu L. Decreased circulating dipeptidyl peptidase-4 activity after short-term intensive insulin therapy predicts clinical outcomes in patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1352002. [PMID: 38476668 PMCID: PMC10929261 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1352002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Background This study aims to investigate the changes in circulating dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) activity following short-term intensive insulin therapy (SIIT) in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients and to assess its potential in predicting long-term remission. Methods Ninety-five patients underwent SIIT for 2-3 weeks to attain and sustain near-normal glycemia. Insulin was then discontinued, and patients were followed for a year to evaluate glycemic outcomes. Biochemical tests, serum DPP-4 activity, and mixed meal tolerance tests were conducted at baseline, post-SIIT, and the 3-month follow-up. Results DPP-4 activity decreased from 44.08 ± 9.58 to 40.53 ± 8.83 nmol/min/mL after SIIT (P<0.001). After three months post-SIIT, DPP-4 activity remained stable in the remission group (39.63 ± 8.53 nmol/L) but increased in the non-remission group (42.34 ± 6.64 nmol/L). This resulted in a more pronounced decrease in DPP-4 activity from baseline in the remission group (-3.39 ± 8.90 vs. -1.10 ± 8.95, P = 0.035). Logistic regression analyses showed that patients with greater DPP-4 activity reduction had a higher likelihood of 1-year remission (70% vs. 51.1%, OR: 7.939 [1.829, 34.467], P = 0.006 in the fully adjusted model). A non-linear relationship between △DPP-4 and 1-year remission rate was observed, with a clear threshold and saturation effect. Conclusion Circulating DPP-4 activity significantly decreases after SIIT. The change in circulating DPP-4 activity during the 3-month post-treatment phase has the potential to predict long-term remission.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Yanbing Li
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Liehua Liu
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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Shrivastav D, Singh DD. Emerging roles of microRNAs as diagnostics and potential therapeutic interest in type 2 diabetes mellitus. World J Clin Cases 2024; 12:525-537. [PMID: 38322458 PMCID: PMC10841963 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v12.i3.525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/18/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a metabolic disease of impaired glucose utilization. Uncontrolled high sugar levels lead to advanced glycation end products (AGEs), which affects several metabolic pathways by its receptor of advanced glycation end products (RAGE) and causes diabetic complication. MiRNAs are small RNA molecules which regulate genes linked to diabetes and affect AGEs pathogenesis, and target tissues, influencing health and disease processes. AIM To explore miRNA roles in T2DM's metabolic pathways for potential therapeutic and diagnostic advancements in diabetes complications. METHODS We systematically searched the electronic database PubMed using keywords. We included free, full-length research articles that evaluate the role of miRNAs in T2DM and its complications, focusing on genetic and molecular disease mechanisms. After assessing the full-length papers of the shortlisted articles, we included 12 research articles. RESULTS Several types of miRNAs are linked in metabolic pathways which are affected by AGE/RAGE axis in T2DM and its complications. miR-96-5p, miR-7-5p, miR-132, has_circ_0071106, miR-143, miR-21, miR-145-5p, and more are associated with various aspects of T2DM, including disease risk, diagnostic markers, complications, and gene regulation. CONCLUSION Targeting the AGE/RAGE axis, with a focus on miRNA regulation, holds promise for managing T2DM and its complications. MiRNAs have therapeutic potential as they can influence the metabolic pathways affected by AGEs and RAGE, potentially reducing inflammation, oxidative stress, and vascular complications. Additionally, miRNAs may serve as early diagnostic biomarkers for T2DM. Further research in this area may lead to innovative therapeutic strategies for diabetes and its associated complications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Desh Deepak Singh
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Rajasthan, Jaipur 303002, India
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Ramaswamy P, S V A, Misra P, Chauhan VS, Adhvaryu A, Gupta A, G A, M K S. Circulating microRNA profiling identifies microRNAs linked to prediabetes associated with alcohol dependence syndrome. Alcohol 2024:S0741-8329(24)00012-0. [PMID: 38266790 DOI: 10.1016/j.alcohol.2024.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 01/20/2024] [Accepted: 01/20/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND MicroRNAs are abundant in serum and have emerged as important regulators of gene expression, implicating them in a wide range of diseases. The purpose of this study was to discover and validate serum miRNAs in prediabetes associated with alcohol dependence syndrome (ADS). METHOD Serum samples from ADS patients with or without prediabetes and normoglycemic controls were subjected to microarray. Validation of identified candidate miRNAs was performed by RT-qPCR. Additionally, GO and KEGG pathway analyses were carried out to uncover target genes anticipated to be controlled by the candidate miRNAs. RESULTS Notably, 198, and 172 miRNAs were differentially expressed in ADS-patients with or without prediabetes compared to healthy controls, and 7 miRNAs in ADS-patients with prediabetes compared to ADS-normoglycemic patients, respectively. Furthermore, hsa-miR-320b and hsa-miR-3135b were differentially expressed exclusively in ADS-patients with prediabetes, and this was further validated. Interestingly, GO and KEGG pathway analysis revealed that genes predicted to be modulated by the candidates were considerably enriched in numerous diabetes-related biological processes and pathways. CONCLUSION Our findings revealed that ADS-patients with or without prediabetes have different sets of miRNAs compared to normoglycemic healthy subjects. We propose serum hsa-miR-320b and hsa-miR-3135b as potential biomarkers for the diagnosis of prediabetes in ADS-patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Athira S V
- Department of Biochemistry, Armed Forces Medical College, Pune, India-411040
| | - Pratibha Misra
- Department of Biochemistry, Armed Forces Medical College, Pune, India-411040
| | - V S Chauhan
- Department of Psychiatry, Armed Forces Medical College, Pune, India-411040
| | - Arka Adhvaryu
- Department of Psychiatry, Armed Forces Medical College, Pune, India-411040
| | - Anurodh Gupta
- Department of Biochemistry, Armed Forces Medical College, Pune, India-411040
| | - Ankita G
- Multi Disciplinary Research Unit, Armed Forces Medical College, Pune, India-411040
| | - Sibin M K
- Department of Biochemistry, Armed Forces Medical College, Pune, India-411040.
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Ning M, Hua S, Ma Y, Liu Y, Wang D, Xu K, Yu H. Microvesicles facilitate the differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells into pancreatic beta-like cells via miR-181a-5p/150-5p. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 254:127719. [PMID: 37918601 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
Transplantation of pancreatic islet cells is a promising strategy for the long-term treatment of type 1 diabetes (T1D). The stem cell-derived beta cells showed great potential as substitute sources of transplanted pancreatic islet cells. However, the current efficiency of stem cell differentiation still cannot match the requirements for clinical transplantation. Here, we report that microvesicles (MVs) from insulin-producing INS-1 cells could induce mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) differentiation into pancreatic beta-like cells. The combination of MVs with small molecules, nicotinamide and insulin-transferrin-selenium (ITS), dramatically improved the efficiency of MSC differentiation. Notably, the function of MVs in MSC differentiation requires their entry into MSCs through giant pinocytosis. The MVs-treated or MVs combined with small molecules-treated MSCs show pancreatic beta-like cell morphology and response to glucose stimulation in insulin secretion. Using high throughput small RNA-sequencing, we found that MVs induced MSC differentiation into the beta-like cells through miR-181a-5p/150-5p. Together, our findings reveal the role of MVs or the MV-enriched miR-181a-5p/150-5p as a class of biocompatible reagents to differentiate MSCs into functional beta-like cells and demonstrate that the combined usage of MVs or miR-181a-5p/150-5p with small molecules can potentially be used in making pancreatic islet cells for future clinical purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingming Ning
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Shanshan Hua
- Department of Spine Surgery, Qingdao Hospital, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences (Qingdao Municipal Hospital), Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Ying Ma
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yunpeng Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Dianliang Wang
- Stem cell and tissue engineering research laboratory, PLA Rocket Force Characteristic Medical Center, Beijing 100088, China.
| | - Kai Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Microbes and Functional Genomics, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Haijia Yu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China.
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Xu Z, He J, Han P, Dai P, Lv W, Liu N, Liu L, Liu L, Pan X, Xiang X, Li H, Ge F, Gao S, Liao Z, Luo Y, Li Y. Plasma extrachromosomal circular DNA is a pathophysiological hallmark of short-term intensive insulin therapy for type 2 diabetes. Clin Transl Med 2023; 13:e1437. [PMID: 37859516 PMCID: PMC10587738 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.1437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Extrachromosomal circular DNA (eccDNA) has emerged as a promising biomarker for disease diagnosis and prognosis prediction. However, its role in type 2 diabetes remains unexplored. OBJECTIVE To investigate the characteristics and dynamics of circulating eccDNAs in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients undergoing short-term intensive insulin therapy (SIIT), a highly effective treatment for inducing long-term glycemic remission. METHODS We conducted Circle-Seq analysis on plasma samples from 35 T2DM patients at three time points: pre-SIIT, post-SIIT, and 1-year post-SIIT. Our analysis encompassed the characterization of eccDNA features, including GC content, eccDNA length distribution, genomic distribution, and the genes in eccDNAs. RESULTS Following SIIT, we observed an increase in plasma eccDNA load, suggesting metabolic alterations during therapy. Notably, a correlation was identified between eccDNA profiles and glycemia in T2DM, both quantitatively and genetically. Our analysis also revealed the frequent presence of metabolism-related genes within T2DM plasma eccDNAs, some of which spanned gene exons and/or fractions. CONCLUSION This study represents the first report of cell-free eccDNA in T2DM and underscores a compelling association between cell-free eccDNA and profound glycemic changes. These findings highlight the potential of eccDNAs as crucial players in the context of T2DM and glycemic control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Xu
- College of Life SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academy of ScienceBeijingChina
| | - Junyu He
- Department of EndocrinologyThe First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Peng Han
- Lars Bolund Institute of Regenerative MedicineQingdao‐Europe Advanced Institute for Life SciencesBGI ResearchQingdaoChina
| | - Peiji Dai
- Department of EndocrinologyThe First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Wei Lv
- College of Life SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academy of ScienceBeijingChina
- Lars Bolund Institute of Regenerative MedicineQingdao‐Europe Advanced Institute for Life SciencesBGI ResearchQingdaoChina
| | - Nian Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologySchool of Basic MedicineQingdao UniversityQingdaoChina
| | - Liyi Liu
- Department of EndocrinologyThe First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Liehua Liu
- Department of EndocrinologyThe First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Xiaoguang Pan
- Lars Bolund Institute of Regenerative MedicineQingdao‐Europe Advanced Institute for Life SciencesBGI ResearchQingdaoChina
| | - Xi Xiang
- Scientific Research CenterThe Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‐sen UniversityShenzhenPeople's Republic of China
| | | | - Fangfang Ge
- Lars Bolund Institute of Regenerative MedicineQingdao‐Europe Advanced Institute for Life SciencesBGI ResearchQingdaoChina
| | - Shan Gao
- Lars Bolund Institute of Regenerative MedicineQingdao‐Europe Advanced Institute for Life SciencesBGI ResearchQingdaoChina
| | - Zhihong Liao
- Department of EndocrinologyThe First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Yonglun Luo
- Lars Bolund Institute of Regenerative MedicineQingdao‐Europe Advanced Institute for Life SciencesBGI ResearchQingdaoChina
- BGI ResearchShenzhenChina
| | - Yanbing Li
- Department of EndocrinologyThe First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
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Sun R, Yuan L, Shen Y, Shen Z, Ding B, Ma J. Impact of Fixed Combination of Metformin and Pioglitazone on Insulin Resistance of Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: Results of a Randomized Open-Label Study. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2023; 16:2911-2919. [PMID: 37753480 PMCID: PMC10518260 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s423322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim To compare the effect of metformin, a fixed combination of metformin and pioglitazone, or dapagliflozin on insulin resistance in patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes. Methods In this 6-week randomized open-label trial, 58 patients were randomly assigned to insulin with metformin, a fixed combination of metformin and pioglitazone, or dapagliflozin for 4 weeks. Hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp tests and FreeStyle Libre Pro Sensor were used to evaluate the insulin sensitivity represented by glucose-infusion rate (M value) and glycemic control, respectively. The main outcome was changes in insulin resistance compared with baseline. Results The baseline characteristics were well matched among the three groups. When compared to baseline, insulin sensitivity after treatment was significantly improved. Further study revealed that the fixed combination of metformin and pioglitazone provided superior M-value improvement compared with metformin, but not different from dapagliflozin. Moreover, a greater reduction in insulin dose was observed in the fixed combination of metformin and pioglitazone group than the metformin or dapagliflozin group. However, there were no significant differences in the parameters of glycemic control within the groups. Conclusion In patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes, a fixed combination of metformin and pioglitazone provided greater improvement in insulin resistance than metformin alone and similar changes in insulin resistance to dapagliflozin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Sun
- Department of Endocrinology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lu Yuan
- Department of Endocrinology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yun Shen
- Department of Endocrinology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ziyang Shen
- Department of Endocrinology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bo Ding
- Department of Endocrinology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jianhua Ma
- Department of Endocrinology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
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Lucchini M, De Arcangelis V, Santoro M, Morosetti R, Broccolini A, Mirabella M. Serum-Circulating microRNAs in Sporadic Inclusion Body Myositis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11139. [PMID: 37446317 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241311139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sporadic inclusion body myositis (s-IBM) represents a unique disease within idiopathic inflammatory myopathies with a dual myodegenerative-autoimmune physiopathology and a lack of an efficacious treatment. Circulating miRNA expression could expand our knowledge of s-IBM patho-mechanisms and provide new potential disease biomarkers. To evaluate the expression of selected pre-amplified miRNAs in the serum of s-IBM patients compared to those of a sex- and age-matched healthy control group, we enrolled 14 consecutive s-IBM patients and 8 sex- and age-matched healthy controls. By using two different normalization approaches, we found one downregulated and three upregulated miRNAs. hsa-miR-192-5p was significantly downregulated, while hsa-miR-372-3p was found to be upregulated more in the s-IBM patients compared to the level of the controls. The other two miRNAs had a very low expression levels (raw Ct data > 29). hsa-miR-192-5p and hsa-miR-372-3p were found to be significantly dysregulated in the serum of s-IBM patients. These miRNAs are involved in differentiation and regeneration processes, thus possibly reflecting pathological mechanisms in s-IBM muscles and potentially representing disease biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Lucchini
- UOC Neurologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Sezione di Neurologia, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Valeria De Arcangelis
- UOC Neurologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Massimo Santoro
- Energy and Sustainable Economic Development, Division of Health Protection Technologies ENEA-Italian National Agency for New Technologies, 00123 Rome, Italy
| | - Roberta Morosetti
- UOC Neurologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Aldobrando Broccolini
- UOC Neurologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Sezione di Neurologia, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Mirabella
- UOC Neurologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Sezione di Neurologia, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, 00168 Rome, Italy
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Matson K, Macleod A, Mehta N, Sempek E, Tang X. Impacts of MicroRNA-483 on Human Diseases. Noncoding RNA 2023; 9:37. [PMID: 37489457 PMCID: PMC10366739 DOI: 10.3390/ncrna9040037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short non-coding RNA molecules that regulate gene expression by targeting specific messenger RNAs (mRNAs) in distinct cell types. This review provides a com-prehensive overview of the current understanding regarding the involvement of miR-483-5p and miR-483-3p in various physiological and pathological processes. Downregulation of miR-483-5p has been linked to numerous diseases, including type 2 diabetes, fatty liver disease, diabetic nephropathy, and neurological injury. Accumulating evidence indicates that miR-483-5p plays a crucial protective role in preserving cell function and viability by targeting specific transcripts. Notably, elevated levels of miR-483-5p in the bloodstream strongly correlate with metabolic risk factors and serve as promising diagnostic markers. Consequently, miR-483-5p represents an appealing biomarker for predicting the risk of developing diabetes and cardiovascular diseases and holds potential as a therapeutic target for intervention strategies. Conversely, miR-483-3p exhibits significant upregulation in diabetes and cardiovascular diseases and has been shown to induce cellular apoptosis and lipotoxicity across various cell types. However, some discrepancies regarding its precise function have been reported, underscoring the need for further investigation in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Xiaoqing Tang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI 49931, USA; (K.M.); (A.M.); (N.M.); (E.S.)
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Duisenbek A, Lopez-Armas GC, Pérez M, Avilés Pérez MD, Aguilar Benitez JM, Pereira Pérez VR, Gorts Ortega J, Yessenbekova A, Ablaikhanova N, Escames G, Acuña-Castroviejo D, Rusanova I. Insights into the Role of Plasmatic and Exosomal microRNAs in Oxidative Stress-Related Metabolic Diseases. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1290. [PMID: 37372020 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12061290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
A common denominator of metabolic diseases, including type 2 diabetes Mellitus, dyslipidemia, and atherosclerosis, are elevated oxidative stress and chronic inflammation. These complex, multi-factorial diseases are caused by the detrimental interaction between the individual genetic background and multiple environmental stimuli. The cells, including the endothelial ones, acquire a preactivated phenotype and metabolic memory, exhibiting increased oxidative stress, inflammatory gene expression, endothelial vascular activation, and prothrombotic events, leading to vascular complications. There are different pathways involved in the pathogenesis of metabolic diseases, and increased knowledge suggests a role of the activation of the NF-kB pathway and NLRP3 inflammasome as key mediators of metabolic inflammation. Epigenetic-wide associated studies provide new insight into the role of microRNAs in the phenomenon of metabolic memory and the development consequences of vessel damage. In this review, we will focus on the microRNAs related to the control of anti-oxidative enzymes, as well as microRNAs related to the control of mitochondrial functions and inflammation. The objective is the search for new therapeutic targets to improve the functioning of mitochondria and reduce oxidative stress and inflammation, despite the acquired metabolic memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayauly Duisenbek
- Department of Biophysics, Biomedicine and Neuroscience, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Al-Farabi Av. 71, Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Faculty of Science, University of Granada, 18019 Granada, Spain
| | - Gabriela C Lopez-Armas
- Departamento de Investigación y Extensión, Centro de Enseñanza Técnica Industrial, C. Nueva Escocia 1885, Guadalajara 44638, Mexico
| | - Miguel Pérez
- Hospital de Alta Resolución de Alcalá la Real, 23680 Jaén, Spain
| | - María D Avilés Pérez
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (Ibs.GRANADA), University Hospital Clínico San Cecilio, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | | | - Víctor Roger Pereira Pérez
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Faculty of Science, University of Granada, 18019 Granada, Spain
| | - Juan Gorts Ortega
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Faculty of Science, University of Granada, 18019 Granada, Spain
| | - Arailym Yessenbekova
- Department of Biophysics, Biomedicine and Neuroscience, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Al-Farabi Av. 71, Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Faculty of Science, University of Granada, 18019 Granada, Spain
| | - Nurzhanyat Ablaikhanova
- Department of Biophysics, Biomedicine and Neuroscience, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Al-Farabi Av. 71, Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan
| | - Germaine Escames
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERfes), Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (Ibs.GRANADA), San Cecilio University Hospital Clínico, 18016 Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Biotecnología, Centro de Investigación Biomédica, Parque Tecnológico de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Darío Acuña-Castroviejo
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERfes), Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (Ibs.GRANADA), San Cecilio University Hospital Clínico, 18016 Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Biotecnología, Centro de Investigación Biomédica, Parque Tecnológico de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Iryna Rusanova
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Faculty of Science, University of Granada, 18019 Granada, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERfes), Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (Ibs.GRANADA), San Cecilio University Hospital Clínico, 18016 Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Biotecnología, Centro de Investigación Biomédica, Parque Tecnológico de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
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11
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Mahboob A, Senevirathne DKL, Paul P, Nabi F, Khan RH, Chaari A. An investigation into the potential action of polyphenols against human Islet Amyloid Polypeptide aggregation in type 2 diabetes. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 225:318-350. [PMID: 36400215 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.11.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2D), a chronic metabolic disease characterized by hyperglycemia, results in significant disease burden and financial costs globally. Whilst the majority of T2D cases seem to have a genetic basis, non-genetic modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors for T2D include obesity, diet, physical activity and lifestyle, smoking, age, ethnicity, and mental stress. In healthy individuals, insulin secretion from pancreatic islet β-cells is responsible for keeping blood glucose levels within normal ranges. T2D patients suffer from multifactorial onset of β-cell dysfunction and/or loss of β-cell mass owing to reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, mitochondrial dysfunction, autophagy, and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. Most predominantly however, and the focus of this review, it is the aggregation and misfolding of human Islet Amyloid Polypeptide (hIAPP, also known as amylin), which is detrimental to β-cell function and health. Whilst hIAPP is found in healthy individuals, its misfolded version is cytotoxic and able to induce β-cell dysfunction and/or death through various mechanisms including membrane changes in β-cell causing influx of calcium ions, arresting complete granule membrane recovery and ER stress. There are several existing therapeutics for T2D. However, there is a need for alternative or adjunct therapies for T2D with milder adverse effects and greater availability. Foremost among the potential natural therapeutics are polyphenols. Extensive data from studies evaluating the potential of polyphenols to inhibit hIAPP aggregation and disassemble aggregated hIAPP are promising. Moreover, in-vivo, and in-silico studies also highlight the potential effects of polyphenols against hIAPP aggregation and mitigation of larger pathological effects of T2D. Whilst there have been some promising clinical studies on the therapeutic potential of polyphenols, extensive further clinical studies and in-vitro studies evaluating the mechanisms of action and ideal doses for many of these compounds are required. The need for these studies is made more important by the postulated link between Alzheimer's disease (AD) and T2D pathophysiology given the similar aggregation process of their respective amyloid proteins, which evokes thoughts of cross-reactive polyphenols which can be effective for both AD and T2D patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anns Mahboob
- Premedical Division Weill Cornell Medicine Qatar, Qatar Foundation, Education City, P.O. Box 24144, Doha, Qatar
| | | | - Pradipta Paul
- Weill Cornell Medicine Qatar, Qatar Foundation, Education City, P.O. Box 24144, Doha, Qatar
| | - Faisal Nabi
- Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202001, India
| | - Rizwan Hasan Khan
- Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202001, India
| | - Ali Chaari
- Premedical Division Weill Cornell Medicine Qatar, Qatar Foundation, Education City, P.O. Box 24144, Doha, Qatar.
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12
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Cardiovascular Disease-Associated MicroRNAs as Novel Biomarkers of First-Trimester Screening for Gestational Diabetes Mellitus in the Absence of Other Pregnancy-Related Complications. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231810635. [PMID: 36142536 PMCID: PMC9501303 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231810635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
We assessed the diagnostic potential of cardiovascular disease-associated microRNAs for the early prediction of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in singleton pregnancies of Caucasian descent in the absence of other pregnancy-related complications. Whole peripheral venous blood samples were collected within 10 to 13 weeks of gestation. This retrospective study involved all pregnancies diagnosed with only GDM (n = 121) and 80 normal term pregnancies selected with regard to equality of sample storage time. Gene expression of 29 microRNAs was assessed using real-time RT-PCR. Upregulation of 11 microRNAs (miR-1-3p, miR-20a-5p, miR-20b-5p, miR-23a-3p, miR-100-5p, miR-125b-5p, miR-126-3p, miR-181a-5p, miR-195-5p, miR-499a-5p, and miR-574-3p) was observed in pregnancies destinated to develop GDM. Combined screening of all 11 dysregulated microRNAs showed the highest accuracy for the early identification of pregnancies destinated to develop GDM. This screening identified 47.93% of GDM pregnancies at a 10.0% false positive rate (FPR). The predictive model for GDM based on aberrant microRNA expression profile was further improved via the implementation of clinical characteristics (maternal age and BMI at early stages of gestation and an infertility treatment by assisted reproductive technology). Following this, 69.17% of GDM pregnancies were identified at a 10.0% FPR. The effective prediction model specifically for severe GDM requiring administration of therapy involved using a combination of these three clinical characteristics and three microRNA biomarkers (miR-20a-5p, miR-20b-5p, and miR-195-5p). This model identified 78.95% of cases at a 10.0% FPR. The effective prediction model for GDM managed by diet only required the involvement of these three clinical characteristics and eight microRNA biomarkers (miR-1-3p, miR-20a-5p, miR-20b-5p, miR-100-5p, miR-125b-5p, miR-195-5p, miR-499a-5p, and miR-574-3p). With this, the model identified 50.50% of GDM pregnancies managed by diet only at a 10.0% FPR. When other clinical variables such as history of miscarriage, the presence of trombophilic gene mutations, positive first-trimester screening for preeclampsia and/or fetal growth restriction by the Fetal Medicine Foundation algorithm, and family history of diabetes mellitus in first-degree relatives were included in the GDM prediction model, the predictive power was further increased at a 10.0% FPR (72.50% GDM in total, 89.47% GDM requiring therapy, and 56.44% GDM managed by diet only). Cardiovascular disease-associated microRNAs represent promising early biomarkers to be implemented into routine first-trimester screening programs with a very good predictive potential for GDM.
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13
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da Silva J, da Costa CC, de Farias Ramos I, Laus AC, Sussuchi L, Reis RM, Khayat AS, Cavalli LR, Pereira SR. Upregulated miRNAs on the TP53 and RB1 Binding Seedless Regions in High-Risk HPV-Associated Penile Cancer. Front Genet 2022; 13:875939. [PMID: 35812732 PMCID: PMC9263206 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.875939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer development by the human papillomavirus (HPV) infection can occur through the canonical HPV/p53/RB1 pathway mediated by the E2/E6/E7 viral oncoproteins. During the transformation process, HPV inserts its genetic material into host Integration Sites (IS), affecting coding genes and miRNAs. In penile cancer (PeCa) there is limited data on the miRNAs that regulate mRNA targets associated with HPV, such as the TP53 and RB1 genes. Considering the high frequency of HPV infection in PeCa patients in Northeast Brazil, global miRNA expression profiling was performed in high-risk HPV-associated PeCa that presented with TP53 and RB1 mRNA downregulated expression. The miRNA expression profile of 22 PeCa tissue samples and five non-tumor penile tissues showed 507 differentially expressed miRNAs: 494 downregulated and 13 upregulated (let-7a-5p, miR-130a-3p, miR-142-3p, miR-15b-5p miR-16-5p, miR-200c-3p, miR-205-5p, miR-21-5p, miR-223-3p, miR-22-3p, miR-25-3p, miR-31-5p and miR-93-5p), of which 11 were identified to be in HPV16-IS and targeting TP53 and RB1 genes. One hundred and thirty-one and 490 miRNA binding sites were observed for TP53 and RB1, respectively, most of which were in seedless regions. These findings suggest that up-regulation of miRNA expression can directly repress TP53 and RB1 expression by their binding sites in the non-canonical seedless regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenilson da Silva
- Postgraduate Program in Health Science, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Brazil
| | - Carla Cutrim da Costa
- Degree in Biological Sciences, Department of Biology, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Brazil
| | - Ingryd de Farias Ramos
- Postgraduate Program in Oncology and Medical Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Ana Carolina Laus
- Molecular Oncology Research Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos, Brazil
| | - Luciane Sussuchi
- Molecular Oncology Research Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos, Brazil
| | - Rui Manuel Reis
- Molecular Oncology Research Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos, Brazil
| | - André Salim Khayat
- Oncology Research Center, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | | | - Silma Regina Pereira
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Department of Biology, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Brazil
- *Correspondence: Silma Regina Pereira,
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14
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Flowers E, Kanaya AM, Zhang L, Aouizerat BE. The Role of Racial and Ethnic Factors in MicroRNA Expression and Risk for Type 2 Diabetes. Front Genet 2022; 13:853633. [PMID: 35368704 PMCID: PMC8971619 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.853633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Prior studies focused on circulating microRNAs and the risk for complex diseases have shown inconsistent findings. The majority of studies focused on European and East Asian racial or ethnic groups, however, ancestry was not typically reported. We evaluated the risk for type 2 diabetes as an exemplar to show that race and ethnic group may contribute to inconsistent validation of previous findings of associations with microRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Flowers
- University of California, San Francisco, Department of Physiological Nursing, San Francisco, CA, United States
- University of California, San Francisco, Institute for Human Genetics, San Francisco, CA, United States
- *Correspondence: Elena Flowers,
| | - Alka M. Kanaya
- University of California, San Francisco, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, San Francisco, CA, United States
- University of California, San Francisco, Department of Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Li Zhang
- University of California, San Francisco, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Bradley E. Aouizerat
- New York University Bluestone Center for Clinical Research, New York, NY, United States
- New York University Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, New York, NY, United States
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15
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Giuliani A, Matacchione G, Ramini D, Di Rosa M, Bonfigli AR, Sabbatinelli J, Monsurrò V, Recchioni R, Marcheselli F, Marchegiani F, Piacenza F, Cardelli M, Galeazzi R, Pomponio G, Ferrarini A, Gabrielli A, Svegliati Baroni S, Moretti M, Sarzani R, Giordano P, Cherubini A, Corsonello A, Antonicelli R, Procopio AD, Ferracin M, Bonafè M, Lattanzio F, Olivieri F. Circulating miR-320b and miR-483-5p levels are associated with COVID-19 in-hospital mortality. Mech Ageing Dev 2022; 202:111636. [PMID: 35122770 PMCID: PMC8809668 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2022.111636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The stratification of mortality risk in COVID-19 patients remains extremely challenging for physicians, especially in older patients. Innovative minimally invasive molecular biomarkers are needed to improve the prediction of mortality risk and better customize patient management. In this study, aimed at identifying circulating miRNAs associated with the risk of COVID-19 in-hospital mortality, we analyzed serum samples of 12 COVID-19 patients by small RNA-seq and validated the findings in an independent cohort of 116 COVID-19 patients by qRT-PCR. Thirty-four significantly deregulated miRNAs, 25 downregulated and 9 upregulated in deceased COVID-19 patients compared to survivors, were identified in the discovery cohort. Based on the highest fold-changes and on the highest expression levels, 5 of these 34 miRNAs were selected for the analysis in the validation cohort. MiR-320b and miR-483-5p were confirmed to be significantly hyper-expressed in deceased patients compared to survived ones. Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression models, adjusted for relevant confounders, confirmed that patients with the 20% highest miR-320b and miR-483-5p serum levels had three-fold increased risk to die during in-hospital stay for COVID-19. In conclusion, high levels of circulating miR-320b and miR-483-5p can be useful as minimally invasive biomarkers to stratify older COVID-19 patients with an increased risk of in-hospital mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelica Giuliani
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Giulia Matacchione
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Deborah Ramini
- Center of Clinical Pathology and Innovative Therapy, IRCCS INRCA, Ancona, Italy
| | - Mirko Di Rosa
- Center of Clinical Pathology and Innovative Therapy, IRCCS INRCA, Ancona, Italy
| | | | - Jacopo Sabbatinelli
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy; SOD Medicina di Laboratorio, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Ospedali Riuniti, Ancona, Italy.
| | | | - Rina Recchioni
- Center of Clinical Pathology and Innovative Therapy, IRCCS INRCA, Ancona, Italy
| | | | | | - Francesco Piacenza
- Advanced Technology Center for Aging Research, Scientific Technological Area, IRCCS INRCA, Ancona, Italy
| | - Maurizio Cardelli
- Advanced Technology Center for Aging Research, Scientific Technological Area, IRCCS INRCA, Ancona, Italy
| | - Roberta Galeazzi
- Clinical Laboratory and Molecular Diagnostic, Italian National Research Center on Aging, IRCCS INRCA, Ancona, Italy
| | - Giovanni Pomponio
- Clinica Medica, Department of Internal Medicine, Ospedali Riuniti, Ancona, Italy
| | - Alessia Ferrarini
- Clinica Medica, Department of Internal Medicine, Ospedali Riuniti, Ancona, Italy
| | - Armando Gabrielli
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy,Clinica Medica, Department of Internal Medicine, Ospedali Riuniti, Ancona, Italy
| | - Silvia Svegliati Baroni
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Marco Moretti
- SOD Medicina di Laboratorio, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Ospedali Riuniti, Ancona, Italy
| | - Riccardo Sarzani
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy,Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, Italian National Research Centre on Aging, Hospital “U. Sestilli”, IRCCS INRCA, via della Montagnola n. 81, 60127, Ancona, Italy
| | - Piero Giordano
- Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, Italian National Research Centre on Aging, Hospital “U. Sestilli”, IRCCS INRCA, via della Montagnola n. 81, 60127, Ancona, Italy
| | - Antonio Cherubini
- Geriatria, Accettazione geriatrica e Centro di Ricerca Per l'invecchiamento, IRCCS INRCA, Ancona, Italy
| | - Andrea Corsonello
- Geriatric Medicine, IRCCS INRCA, 87100 Cosenza, Italy,Unit of Geriatric Pharmacoepidemiology and Biostatistics, IRCCS INRCA, 87100 Cosenza, Italy
| | | | - Antonio Domenico Procopio
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy,Clinical Laboratory and Molecular Diagnostic, Italian National Research Center on Aging, IRCCS INRCA, Ancona, Italy
| | - Manuela Ferracin
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic, and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Bonafè
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic, and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | | | - Fabiola Olivieri
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy,Center of Clinical Pathology and Innovative Therapy, IRCCS INRCA, Ancona, Italy
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16
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Reported Adverse Effects and Attitudes among Arab Populations Following COVID-19 Vaccination: A Large-Scale Multinational Study Implementing Machine Learning Tools in Predicting Post-Vaccination Adverse Effects Based on Predisposing Factors. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:vaccines10030366. [PMID: 35334998 PMCID: PMC8955470 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10030366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: The unprecedented global spread of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has imposed huge challenges on the healthcare facilities, and impacted every aspect of life. This has led to the development of several vaccines against COVID-19 within one year. This study aimed to assess the attitudes and the side effects among Arab communities after receiving a COVID-19 vaccine and use of machine learning (ML) tools to predict post-vaccination side effects based on predisposing factors. Methods: An online-based multinational survey was carried out via social media platforms from 14 June to 31 August 2021, targeting individuals who received at least one dose of a COVID-19 vaccine from 22 Arab countries. Descriptive statistics, correlation, and chi-square tests were used to analyze the data. Moreover, extensive ML tools were utilized to predict 30 post vaccination adverse effects and their severity based on 15 predisposing factors. The importance of distinct predisposing factors in predicting particular side effects was determined using global feature importance employing gradient boost as AutoML. Results: A total of 10,064 participants from 19 Arab countries were included in this study. Around 56% were female and 59% were aged from 20 to 39 years old. A high rate of vaccine hesitancy (51%) was reported among participants. Almost 88% of the participants were vaccinated with one of three COVID-19 vaccines, including Pfizer-BioNTech (52.8%), AstraZeneca (20.7%), and Sinopharm (14.2%). About 72% of participants experienced post-vaccination side effects. This study reports statistically significant associations (p < 0.01) between various predisposing factors and post-vaccinations side effects. In terms of predicting post-vaccination side effects, gradient boost, random forest, and XGBoost outperformed other ML methods. The most important predisposing factors for predicting certain side effects (i.e., tiredness, fever, headache, injection site pain and swelling, myalgia, and sleepiness and laziness) were revealed to be the number of doses, gender, type of vaccine, age, and hesitancy to receive a COVID-19 vaccine. Conclusions: The reported side effects following COVID-19 vaccination among Arab populations are usually non-life-threatening; flu-like symptoms and injection site pain. Certain predisposing factors have greater weight and importance as input data in predicting post-vaccination side effects. Based on the most significant input data, ML can also be used to predict these side effects; people with certain predicted side effects may require additional medical attention, or possibly hospitalization.
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17
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Wang L, Wang X, Kong L, Li Y, Huang K, Wu J, Wang C, Sun H, Sun P, Gu J, Luo H, Liu K, Meng Q. Activation of PGC-1α via isoliquiritigenin-induced downregulation of miR-138-5p alleviates nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Phytother Res 2022; 36:899-913. [PMID: 35041255 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), a metabolic disease, has received wide attention worldwide. However, there is no approved effective drug for NAFLD treatment. In the study, H&E and Oil Red O staining were employed to detect liver histopathological changes and the accumulation of lipid droplets. Quantitative real-time PCR, Western blot, bioinformatics, luciferase assay, immunofluorescence staining, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and siRNA were used to further elucidate the mechanism of isoliquiritigenin (ISL) against NAFLD. The results showed that ISL significantly reduced the liver-to-body weight ratios and biochemical index. And the staining results showed that ISL remarkedly ameliorated liver histopathological changes of NAFLD. Furthermore, ISL significantly increased the levels of PPARα, CPT1α, and ACADS, which were involved in lipid metabolism, and inhibited the ROS, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 expression by activating PGC-1α. Bioinformatics and luciferase assay analysis confirmed that miR-138-5p might bind to PGC-1α mRNA in NAFLD. Importantly, the expression of miR-138-5p was increased in the NAFLD, which was significantly decreased by ISL. In addition, the miR-138-5p inhibitor also promoted lipid metabolism and inhibited inflammatory response in NAFLD via PGC-1α activation. The above results demonstrate that ISL alleviates NAFLD through modulating miR-138-5p/PGC-1α-mediated lipid metabolism and inflammatory reaction in vivo and in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Wang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Xiaohui Wang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Lina Kong
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Yingying Li
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Kai Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, Drug Clinical Trial Institution, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Jingjing Wu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Changyuan Wang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Huijun Sun
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Pengyuan Sun
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Jiangning Gu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Haifeng Luo
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Kexin Liu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Qiang Meng
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
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18
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Nunez Lopez YO, Casu A, Kovacova Z, Petrilli AM, Sideleva O, Tharp WG, Pratley RE. Coordinated regulation of gene expression and microRNA changes in adipose tissue and circulating extracellular vesicles in response to pioglitazone treatment in humans with type 2 diabetes. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:955593. [PMID: 36120427 PMCID: PMC9471675 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.955593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED Pioglitazone, a PPARγ agonist, is used to treat type 2 diabetes (T2D). PPARγ is highly expressed in adipose tissue (AT), however the effects of pioglitazone to improve insulin sensitivity are also evident in other tissues and PPARγ agonism has been shown to alter cancer derived extracellular vesicle (EV)-miRNAs. We hypothesized that pioglitazone modifies the cargo of circulating AT-derived EVs to alter interorgan crosstalk in people with diabetes. We tested our hypothesis in a 3-month trial in which 24 subjects with T2D were randomized to treatment with either pioglitazone 45 mg/day or placebo (NCT00656864). Levels of 42 adipocyte-derived EV-miRNAs were measured in plasma EVs using low density TaqMan arrays. Levels of differentially expressed EV-miRNAs and their most relevant target genes were also measure in adipose tissue from the same participants, using individual TaqMan assays. Levels of 5 miRNAs (i.e., miR-7-5p, miR-20a-5p, miR-92a-3p, miR-195-5p, and miR-374b-5p) were significantly downregulated in EVs in response to pioglitazone treatment relative to placebo. The opposite occurred for miR-195-5p in subcutaneous AT. Changes in miRNA expression in EVs and AT correlated with changes in suppression of lipolysis and improved insulin sensitivity, among others. DICER was downregulated and exosomal miRNA sorting-related genes YBX1 and hnRNPA2B1 displayed a downregulation trend in AT. Furthermore, analysis of EV-miRNA targeted genes identified a network of transcripts that changed in a coordinated manner in AT. Collectively, our results suggest that some beneficial pharmacologic effects of pioglitazone are mediated by adipose-specific miRNA regulation and exosomal/EV trafficking. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier NCT00656864.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yury O. Nunez Lopez
- Diabetes Program, Translational Research Institute, AdventHealth, Orlando, FL, United States
| | - Anna Casu
- Diabetes Program, Translational Research Institute, AdventHealth, Orlando, FL, United States
| | - Zuzana Kovacova
- Diabetes Program, Translational Research Institute, AdventHealth, Orlando, FL, United States
| | - Alejandra M. Petrilli
- Diabetes Program, Translational Research Institute, AdventHealth, Orlando, FL, United States
| | - Olga Sideleva
- Department of Medicine, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States
| | - William G. Tharp
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Vermont Medical Center, University of Vermont Larner College of Medicine, Burlington, VT, United States
| | - Richard E. Pratley
- Diabetes Program, Translational Research Institute, AdventHealth, Orlando, FL, United States
- *Correspondence: Richard E. Pratley,
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19
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Padilla-Martinez F, Wojciechowska G, Szczerbinski L, Kretowski A. Circulating Nucleic Acid-Based Biomarkers of Type 2 Diabetes. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 23:ijms23010295. [PMID: 35008723 PMCID: PMC8745431 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23010295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Revised: 12/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a deficiency in how the body regulates glucose. Uncontrolled T2D will result in chronic high blood sugar levels, eventually resulting in T2D complications. These complications, such as kidney, eye, and nerve damage, are even harder to treat. Identifying individuals at high risk of developing T2D and its complications is essential for early prevention and treatment. Numerous studies have been done to identify biomarkers for T2D diagnosis and prognosis. This review focuses on recent T2D biomarker studies based on circulating nucleic acids using different omics technologies: genomics, transcriptomics, and epigenomics. Omics studies have profiled biomarker candidates from blood, urine, and other non-invasive samples. Despite methodological differences, several candidate biomarkers were reported for the risk and diagnosis of T2D, the prognosis of T2D complications, and pharmacodynamics of T2D treatments. Future studies should be done to validate the findings in larger samples and blood-based biomarkers in non-invasive samples to support the realization of precision medicine for T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe Padilla-Martinez
- Clinical Research Centre, Medical University of Bialystok, 15276 Białystok, Poland; (F.P.-M.); (L.S.); (A.K.)
| | - Gladys Wojciechowska
- Clinical Research Centre, Medical University of Bialystok, 15276 Białystok, Poland; (F.P.-M.); (L.S.); (A.K.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Lukasz Szczerbinski
- Clinical Research Centre, Medical University of Bialystok, 15276 Białystok, Poland; (F.P.-M.); (L.S.); (A.K.)
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Bialystok, 15276 Białystok, Poland
| | - Adam Kretowski
- Clinical Research Centre, Medical University of Bialystok, 15276 Białystok, Poland; (F.P.-M.); (L.S.); (A.K.)
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Bialystok, 15276 Białystok, Poland
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20
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Zhang Q, Zhang Y, Zeng L, Chen G, Zhang L, Liu M, Sheng H, Hu X, Su J, Zhang D, Lu F, Liu X, Zhang L. The Role of Gut Microbiota and Microbiota-Related Serum Metabolites in the Progression of Diabetic Kidney Disease. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:757508. [PMID: 34899312 PMCID: PMC8652004 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.757508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) has become the major cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) associated with the progression of renal fibrosis. As gut microbiota dysbiosis is closely related to renal damage and fibrosis, we investigated the role of gut microbiota and microbiota-related serum metabolites in DKD progression in this study. Methods: Fecal and serum samples obtained from predialysis DKD patients from January 2017 to December 2019 were detected using 16S rRNA gene sequencing and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, respectively. Forty-one predialysis patients were divided into two groups according to their estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR): the DKD non-ESRD group (eGFR ≥ 15 ml/min/1.73 m2) (n = 22), and the DKD ESRD group (eGFR < 15 ml/min/1.73 m2) (n = 19). The metabolic pathways related to differential serum metabolites were obtained by the KEGG pathway analysis. Differences between the two groups relative to gut microbiota profiles and serum metabolites were investigated, and associations between gut microbiota and metabolite concentrations were assessed. Correlations between clinical indicators and both microbiota-related metabolites and gut microbiota were calculated by Spearman rank correlation coefficient and visualized by heatmap. Results: Eleven different intestinal floras and 239 different serum metabolites were identified between the two groups. Of 239 serum metabolites, 192 related to the 11 different intestinal flora were mainly enriched in six metabolic pathways, among which, phenylalanine and tryptophan metabolic pathways were most associated with DKD progression. Four microbiota-related metabolites in the phenylalanine metabolic pathway [hippuric acid (HA), L-(−)-3-phenylactic acid, trans-3-hydroxy-cinnamate, and dihydro-3-coumaric acid] and indole-3 acetic acid (IAA) in the tryptophan metabolic pathway positively correlated with DKD progression, whereas L-tryptophan in the tryptophan metabolic pathway had a negative correlation. Intestinal flora g_Abiotrophia and g_norank_f_Peptococcaceae were positively correlated with the increase in renal function indicators and serum metabolite HA. G_Lachnospiraceae_NC2004_Group was negatively correlated with the increase in renal function indicators and serum metabolites [L-(−)-3-phenyllactic acid and IAA]. Conclusions: This study highlights the interaction among gut microbiota, serum metabolites, and clinical indicators in predialysis DKD patients, and provides new insights into the role of gut microbiota and microbiota-related serum metabolites that were enriched in the phenylalanine and tryptophan metabolic pathways, which correlated with the progression of DKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Zhang
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanmei Zhang
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lu Zeng
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guowei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - La Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Meifang Liu
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hongqin Sheng
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoxuan Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jingxu Su
- State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Duo Zhang
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fuhua Lu
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xusheng Liu
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
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21
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Hatmal MM, Alshaer W, Mahmoud IS, Al-Hatamleh MAI, Al-Ameer HJ, Abuyaman O, Zihlif M, Mohamud R, Darras M, Al Shhab M, Abu-Raideh R, Ismail H, Al-Hamadi A, Abdelhay A. Investigating the association of CD36 gene polymorphisms (rs1761667 and rs1527483) with T2DM and dyslipidemia: Statistical analysis, machine learning based prediction, and meta-analysis. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0257857. [PMID: 34648514 PMCID: PMC8516279 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0257857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
CD36 (cluster of differentiation 36) is a membrane protein involved in lipid metabolism and has been linked to pathological conditions associated with metabolic disorders, such as diabetes and dyslipidemia. A case-control study was conducted and included 177 patients with type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and 173 control subjects to study the involvement of CD36 gene rs1761667 (G>A) and rs1527483 (C>T) polymorphisms in the pathogenesis of T2DM and dyslipidemia among Jordanian population. Lipid profile, blood sugar, gender and age were measured and recorded. Also, genotyping analysis for both polymorphisms was performed. Following statistical analysis, 10 different neural networks and machine learning (ML) tools were used to predict subjects with diabetes or dyslipidemia. Towards further understanding of the role of CD36 protein and gene in T2DM and dyslipidemia, a protein-protein interaction network and meta-analysis were carried out. For both polymorphisms, the genotypic frequencies were not significantly different between the two groups (p > 0.05). On the other hand, some ML tools like multilayer perceptron gave high prediction accuracy (≥ 0.75) and Cohen's kappa (κ) (≥ 0.5). Interestingly, in K-star tool, the accuracy and Cohen's κ values were enhanced by including the genotyping results as inputs (0.73 and 0.46, respectively, compared to 0.67 and 0.34 without including them). This study confirmed, for the first time, that there is no association between CD36 polymorphisms and T2DM or dyslipidemia among Jordanian population. Prediction of T2DM and dyslipidemia, using these extensive ML tools and based on such input data, is a promising approach for developing diagnostic and prognostic prediction models for a wide spectrum of diseases, especially based on large medical databases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ma’mon M. Hatmal
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, The Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan
- * E-mail:
| | - Walhan Alshaer
- Cell Therapy Centre, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Ismail S. Mahmoud
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, The Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan
| | - Mohammad A. I. Al-Hatamleh
- Department of Immunology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Hamzeh J. Al-Ameer
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, American University of Madaba, Madaba, Jordan
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Omar Abuyaman
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, The Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan
| | - Malek Zihlif
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Rohimah Mohamud
- Department of Immunology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Mais Darras
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, The Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan
| | - Mohammad Al Shhab
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Rand Abu-Raideh
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, The Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan
| | - Hilweh Ismail
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, The Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan
| | - Ali Al-Hamadi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, The Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan
| | - Ali Abdelhay
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
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22
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Effect of Acupuncture on Gut-Brain Axis Parameters in Patients with Atopic Dermatitis: A Study Protocol for a Randomized, Participant- and Assessor-Blind, Sham-Controlled Trial. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 2021:5584247. [PMID: 34527063 PMCID: PMC8437622 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5584247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Revised: 08/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a relapsing and remitting chronic inflammatory skin disease for which a variety of etiological factors are involved. Treatment strategies should be multifaceted and have few side effects. In this respect, acupuncture has become increasingly popular as a safe, consistently effective, and drug-free therapy that treats multiple AD symptoms. We aim to not only verify the effectiveness of acupuncture but also suggest patient-specific response determinants and a new underlying mechanism implicating the gut-brain axis. We have designed a randomized, participant-blinded, sham-controlled clinical trial for 60 mild to moderate AD patients. In a previous study, we observed that the clinical skin symptoms of AD were closely associated with gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms. From these findings, we developed an intervention with six acupuncture points: three for AD symptoms and three for GI symptoms. Also, since high responders and low responders to the acupuncture treatment could be identified in the previous study, we now aim to explore response-determining factors, with a particular focus on GI symptoms. Therefore, we will precisely evaluate not only AD symptoms using the SCORAD, EASI, and DLQI tools, but also GI symptoms using the GSRS, TDS, BSFS, and AR tools and abdominal examination. AD develops in association with complicated pathophysiological factors, such as skin barrier function, genetic susceptibility, and immunological factors. Moreover, the underlying mechanism by which acupuncture treatment works has not been clearly elucidated. We, therefore, will conduct a simultaneous cross-sectional study with a sample of 40 healthy individuals, wherein potential indicators, such as fMRI, gut microbiota, and serum TARC and ATX, will be investigated to determine the gut-brain axis-associated mechanism of acupuncture. We expect that the results of this study could provide important clinical evidence for the effects of acupuncture and help elucidate the therapeutic mechanisms that underlie acupuncture's efficacy in AD treatment. This trial is registered with https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/KCT0005422 (Trial registration: Korean Clinical Trial Registry (http://cris.nih.go.kr; registration number: KCT0005422); date of registration: September 23, 2020).
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23
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Circulating microRNAs Signature for Predicting Response to GLP1-RA Therapy in Type 2 Diabetic Patients: A Pilot Study. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22179454. [PMID: 34502360 PMCID: PMC8431190 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22179454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) represents one of the major health issues of this century. Despite the availability of an increasing number of anti-hyperglycemic drugs, a significant proportion of patients are inadequately controlled, thus highlighting the need for novel biomarkers to guide treatment selection. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs, proposed as useful diagnostic/prognostic markers. The aim of our study was to identify a miRNA signature occurring in responders to glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists (GLP1-RA) therapy. We investigated the expression profile of eight T2D-associated circulating miRNAs in 26 prospectively evaluated diabetic patients in whom GLP1-RA was added to metformin. As expected, GLP1-RA treatment induced significant reductions of HbA1c and body weight, both after 6 and 12 months of therapy. Of note, baseline expression levels of the selected miRNAs revealed two distinct patient clusters: “high expressing” and “low expressing”. Interestingly, a significantly higher percentage of patients in the high expression group reached the glycemic target after 12 months of treatment. Our findings suggest that the evaluation of miRNA expression could be used to predict the likelihood of an early treatment response to GLP1-RA and to select patients in whom to start such treatment, paving the way to a personalized medicine approach.
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24
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Li TT, Mou J, Pan YJ, Huo FC, Du WQ, Liang J, Wang Y, Zhang LS, Pei DS. MicroRNA-138-1-3p sensitizes sorafenib to hepatocellular carcinoma by targeting PAK5 mediated β-catenin/ABCB1 signaling pathway. J Biomed Sci 2021; 28:56. [PMID: 34340705 PMCID: PMC8327419 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-021-00752-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Sorafenib is a kinase inhibitor that is used as a first-line therapy in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients. However, the existence of sorafenib resistance has limited its therapeutic effect. Through RNA sequencing, we demonstrated that miR-138-1-3p was downregulated in sorafenib resistant HCC cell lines. This study aimed to investigate the role of miR-138-1-3p in sorafenib resistance of HCC. Methods In this study, quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) and Western Blot were utilized to detect the levels of PAK5 in sorafenib-resistant HCC cells and parental cells. The biological functions of miR-138-1-3p and PAK5 in sorafenib-resistant cells and their parental cells were explored by cell viability assays and flow cytometric analyses. The mechanisms for the involvement of PAK5 were examined via co-immunoprecipitation (co-IP), immunofluorescence, dual luciferase reporter assay and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP). The effects of miR-138-1-3p and PAK5 on HCC sorafenib resistant characteristics were investigated by a xenotransplantation model. Results We detected significant down-regulation of miR-138-1-3p and up-regulation of PAK5 in sorafenib-resistance HCC cell lines. Mechanistic studies revealed that miR-138-1-3p reduced the protein expression of PAK5 by directly targeting the 3′-UTR of PAK5 mRNA. In addition, we verified that PAK5 enhanced the phosphorylation and nuclear translocation of β-catenin that increased the transcriptional activity of a multidrug resistance protein ABCB1. Conclusions PAK5 contributed to the sorafenib resistant characteristics of HCC via β-catenin/ABCB1 signaling pathway. Our findings identified the correlation between miR-138-1-3p and PAK5 and the molecular mechanisms of PAK5-mediated sorafenib resistance in HCC, which provided a potential therapeutic target in advanced HCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong-Tong Li
- Department of Pathology, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221004, People's Republic of China.,Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Jiangsu Vocational College of Medicine, Yancheng, 224005, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jie Mou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, 221006, China
| | - Yao-Jie Pan
- Department of Pathology, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221004, People's Republic of China
| | - Fu-Chun Huo
- Department of Pathology, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221004, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen-Qi Du
- Department of Pathology, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221004, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia Liang
- Department of Pathology, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221004, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Wang
- Department of Pathology, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221004, People's Republic of China
| | - Lan-Sheng Zhang
- Department of Oncological Radiotherapy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.
| | - Dong-Sheng Pei
- Department of Pathology, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221004, People's Republic of China.
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25
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Hatmal MM, Al-Hatamleh MAI, Olaimat AN, Hatmal M, Alhaj-Qasem DM, Olaimat TM, Mohamud R. Side Effects and Perceptions Following COVID-19 Vaccination in Jordan: A Randomized, Cross-Sectional Study Implementing Machine Learning for Predicting Severity of Side Effects. Vaccines (Basel) 2021; 9:vaccines9060556. [PMID: 34073382 PMCID: PMC8229440 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines9060556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Since the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was declared a pandemic, there was no doubt that vaccination is the ideal protocol to tackle it. Within a year, a few COVID-19 vaccines have been developed and authorized. This unparalleled initiative in developing vaccines created many uncertainties looming around the efficacy and safety of these vaccines. This study aimed to assess the side effects and perceptions following COVID-19 vaccination in Jordan. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted by distributing an online survey targeted toward Jordan inhabitants who received any COVID-19 vaccines. Data were statistically analyzed and certain machine learning (ML) tools, including multilayer perceptron (MLP), eXtreme gradient boosting (XGBoost), random forest (RF), and K-star were used to predict the severity of side effects. Results: A total of 2213 participants were involved in the study after receiving Sinopharm, AstraZeneca, Pfizer-BioNTech, and other vaccines (38.2%, 31%, 27.3%, and 3.5%, respectively). Generally, most of the post-vaccination side effects were common and non-life-threatening (e.g., fatigue, chills, dizziness, fever, headache, joint pain, and myalgia). Only 10% of participants suffered from severe side effects; while 39% and 21% of participants had moderate and mild side effects, respectively. Despite the substantial variations between these vaccines in the presence and severity of side effects, the statistical analysis indicated that these vaccines might provide the same protection against COVID-19 infection. Finally, around 52.9% of participants suffered before vaccination from vaccine hesitancy and anxiety; while after vaccination, 95.5% of participants have advised others to get vaccinated, 80% felt more reassured, and 67% believed that COVID-19 vaccines are safe in the long term. Furthermore, based on the type of vaccine, demographic data, and side effects, the RF, XGBoost, and MLP gave both high accuracies (0.80, 0.79, and 0.70, respectively) and Cohen’s kappa values (0.71, 0.70, and 0.56, respectively). Conclusions: The present study confirmed that the authorized COVID-19 vaccines are safe and getting vaccinated makes people more reassured. Most of the post-vaccination side effects are mild to moderate, which are signs that body’s immune system is building protection. ML can also be used to predict the severity of side effects based on the input data; predicted severe cases may require more medical attention or even hospitalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ma’mon M. Hatmal
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, The Hashemite University, Zarqa 13133, Jordan
- Correspondence: (M.M.H.); (R.M.)
| | - Mohammad A. I. Al-Hatamleh
- Department of Immunology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan 16150, Malaysia;
| | - Amin N. Olaimat
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, The Hashemite University, Zarqa 13133, Jordan;
| | | | | | | | - Rohimah Mohamud
- Department of Immunology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan 16150, Malaysia;
- Correspondence: (M.M.H.); (R.M.)
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26
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Ren FJ, Yao Y, Cai XY, Fang GY. Emerging Role of MiR-192-5p in Human Diseases. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:614068. [PMID: 33708127 PMCID: PMC7940509 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.614068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a type of small non-coding RNAs that play an essential role in numerous biological processes by regulating the post-transcriptional expression of target genes. Recent studies have demonstrated that miR-192-5p, a member of the miR-192 family, partakes in several human diseases, especially various cancers, including cancers of the lung, liver, and breast. Importantly, the levels of miR-192-5p are abundant in biofluids, including the serum and urine, and the exosomal levels of miR-192-5p in circulation can aid in the diagnosis and prognosis of various diseases, such as chronic hepatitis B (CHB) infection disease. Notably, recent studies suggest that miR-192-5p is regulated by long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) and circular RNAs (circRNAs). However, there are no comprehensive overviews on the role of miR-192-5p in human diseases. This review discusses the significant studies on the role of miR-192-5p in various human diseases, with special emphasis on the diseases of the respiratory and digestive systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fu-Jia Ren
- Department of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Women's Hospital (Hangzhou Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital), Hangzhou, China
| | - Yao Yao
- Department of Pharmacy, Women's Hospital School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Yu Cai
- Department of Pharmacy, Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Guo-Ying Fang
- Department of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Women's Hospital (Hangzhou Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital), Hangzhou, China
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27
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Henn D, Abu-Halima M, Kahraman M, Falkner F, Fischer KS, Barrera JA, Chen K, Gurtner GC, Keller A, Kneser U, Meese E, Schmidt VJ. A multivariable miRNA signature delineates the systemic hemodynamic impact of arteriovenous shunt placement in a pilot study. Sci Rep 2020; 10:21809. [PMID: 33311598 PMCID: PMC7733519 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-78905-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Arteriovenous (AV) fistulas for hemodialysis can lead to cardiac volume loading and increased serum brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) levels. Whether short-term AV loop placement in patients undergoing microsurgery has an impact on cardiac biomarkers and circulating microRNAs (miRNAs), potentially indicating an increased hemodynamic risk, remains elusive. Fifteen patients underwent AV loop placement with delayed free flap anastomosis for microsurgical reconstructions of lower extremity soft-tissue defects. N-terminal pro-BNP (NT-proBNP), copeptin (CT-proAVP), and miRNA expression profiles were determined in the peripheral blood before and after AV loop placement. MiRNA expression in the blood was correlated with miRNA expression from AV loop vascular tissue. Serum NT-proBNP and copeptin levels exceeded the upper reference limit after AV loop placement, with an especially strong NT-proBNP increase in patients with preexistent cardiac diseases. A miRNA signature of 4 up-regulated (miR-3198, miR-3127-5p, miR-1305, miR-1288-3p) and 2 down-regulated miRNAs (miR30a-5p, miR-145-5p) which are related to cardiovascular physiology, showed a significant systemic deregulation in blood and venous tissue after AV loop placement. AV loop placement causes serum elevations of NT-proBNP, copeptin as well as specific circulating miRNAs, indicating a potentially increased hemodynamic risk for patients with cardiovascular comorbidities, if free flap anastomosis is delayed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominic Henn
- Hagey Laboratory for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, 257 Campus Dr. West, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA. .,BG Trauma Center Ludwigshafen, Heidelberg University, Ludwigshafen, Germany.
| | | | - Mustafa Kahraman
- Institute for Clinical Bioinformatics, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Florian Falkner
- BG Trauma Center Ludwigshafen, Heidelberg University, Ludwigshafen, Germany
| | | | - Janos A Barrera
- Hagey Laboratory for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, 257 Campus Dr. West, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Kellen Chen
- Hagey Laboratory for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, 257 Campus Dr. West, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Geoffrey C Gurtner
- Hagey Laboratory for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, 257 Campus Dr. West, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Andreas Keller
- Institute for Clinical Bioinformatics, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Ulrich Kneser
- BG Trauma Center Ludwigshafen, Heidelberg University, Ludwigshafen, Germany
| | - Eckart Meese
- Institute for Human Genetics, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Volker J Schmidt
- BG Trauma Center Ludwigshafen, Heidelberg University, Ludwigshafen, Germany.,Department for Plastic and Breast Surgery, Zealand University Hospital Roskilde, Roskilde, Denmark
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Substantially Altered Expression Profile of Diabetes/Cardiovascular/Cerebrovascular Disease Associated microRNAs in Children Descending from Pregnancy Complicated by Gestational Diabetes Mellitus-One of Several Possible Reasons for an Increased Cardiovascular Risk. Cells 2020; 9:cells9061557. [PMID: 32604801 PMCID: PMC7349356 DOI: 10.3390/cells9061557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Revised: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), one of the major pregnancy-related complications, characterized as a transitory form of diabetes induced by insulin resistance accompanied by a low/absent pancreatic beta-cell compensatory adaptation to the increased insulin demand, causes the acute, long-term, and transgenerational health complications. The aim of the study was to assess if alterations in gene expression of microRNAs associated with diabetes/cardiovascular/cerebrovascular diseases are present in whole peripheral blood of children aged 3-11 years descending from GDM complicated pregnancies. A substantially altered microRNA expression profile was found in children descending from GDM complicated pregnancies. Almost all microRNAs with the exception of miR-92a-3p, miR-155-5p, and miR-210-3p were upregulated. The microRNA expression profile also differed between children after normal and GDM complicated pregnancies in relation to the presence of overweight/obesity, prehypertension/hypertension, and/or valve problems and heart defects. Always, screening based on the combination of microRNAs was superior over using individual microRNAs, since at 10.0% false positive rate it was able to identify a large proportion of children with an aberrant microRNA expression profile (88.14% regardless of clinical findings, 75.41% with normal clinical findings, and 96.49% with abnormal clinical findings). In addition, the higher incidence of valve problems and heart defects was found in children with a prior exposure to GDM. The extensive file of predicted targets of all microRNAs aberrantly expressed in children descending from GDM complicated pregnancies indicates that a large group of these genes is involved in ontologies of diabetes/cardiovascular/cerebrovascular diseases. In general, children with a prior exposure to GDM are at higher risk of later development of diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular/cerebrovascular diseases, and would benefit from dispensarisation as well as implementation of primary prevention strategies.
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29
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Novel biomarkers of a peripheral blood interferon signature associated with drug-naïve early arthritis patients distinguish persistent from self-limiting disease course. Sci Rep 2020; 10:8830. [PMID: 32483203 PMCID: PMC7264129 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-63757-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2018] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
We profiled gene expression signatures to distinguish rheumatoid arthritis (RA) from non-inflammatory arthralgia (NIA), self-limiting arthritis (SLA), and undifferentiated arthritis (UA) as compared to healthy controls as novel potential biomarkers for therapeutic responsiveness. Global gene expression profiles of PBMCs from 43 drug-naïve patients presenting with joint symptoms were evaluated and differentially expressed genes identified by comparative analysis with 24 healthy volunteers. Patients were assessed at presentation with follow up at 6 and 12 months. Gene ontology and network pathway analysis were performed using DAVID Bioinformatics Resources v6.7. Gene expression profiles were also determined after disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drug (DMARD) treatment in the inflammatory arthritis groups (i.e. RA and UA) and confirmed by qRT-PCR. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves analysis and Area Under the Curve (AUC) estimation were performed to assess the diagnostic value of candidate gene expression signatures. A type I interferon (IFN) gene signature distinguished DMARD-naïve patients who will subsequently develop persistent inflammatory arthritis (i.e. RA and UA) from those with NIA. In patients with RA, the IFN signature is characterised by up-regulation of SIGLEC1 (p = 0.00597) and MS4A4A (p = 0.00000904). We also identified, EPHB2 (p = 0.000542) and PDZK1IP1 (p = 0.0206) with RA-specific gene expression profiles and elevated expression of the ST6GALNAC1 (p = 0.0023) gene in UA. ROC and AUC risk score analysis suggested that MSA4A (AUC: 0.894, 0.644, 0.720), PDZK1IP1 (AUC: 0.785, 0.806, 0.977), and EPHB2 (AUC: 0.794, 0.723, 0.620) at 0, 6, and 12 months follow-up can accurately discriminate patients with RA from healthy controls and may have practical value for RA diagnosis. In patients with early inflammatory arthritis, ST6GALNAC1 is a potential biomarker for UA as compared with healthy controls whereas EPHB2, MS4A4A, and particularly PDZK1IP1 may discriminate RA patients. SIGLEC1 may also be a useful marker of disease activity in UA.
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30
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Diabetes Mellitus and Cardiovascular Risk Assessment in Mothers with a History of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Based on Postpartal Expression Profile of MicroRNAs Associated with Diabetes Mellitus and Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21072437. [PMID: 32244558 PMCID: PMC7177375 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21072437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Revised: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Mothers with a history of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) have an increased risk of developing diabetes in the future and a lifelong cardiovascular risk. Postpartal expression profile of cardiovascular/cerebrovascular disease associated microRNAs was assessed 3–11 years after the delivery in whole peripheral blood of young and middle-aged mothers with a prior exposure to GDM with the aim to identify a high-risk group of mothers at risk of later development of diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular/cerebrovascular diseases who would benefit from implementation of early primary prevention strategies and long-term follow-up. The hypothesis of the assessment of cardiovascular risk in women was based on the knowledge that a series of microRNAs play a role in the pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular/cerebrovascular diseases. Abnormal expression profile of multiple microRNAs was found in women with a prior exposure to GDM (miR-1-3p, miR-16-5p, miR-17-5p, miR-20a-5p, miR-20b-5p, miR-21-5p, miR-23a-3p, miR-24-3p, miR-26a-5p, miR-29a-3p, miR-100-5p, miR-103a-3p, miR-125b-5p, miR-126-3p, miR-130b-3p, miR-133a-3p, miR-143-3p, miR-145-5p, miR-146a-5p, miR-181a-5p, miR-195-5p, miR-199a-5p, miR-221-3p, miR-342-3p, miR-499a-5p, and-miR-574-3p). Postpartal combined screening of miR-1-3p, miR-16-5p, miR-17-5p, miR-20b-5p, miR-21-5p, miR-23a-3p, miR-26a-5p, miR-29a-3p, miR-103a-3p, miR-133a-3p, miR-146a-5p, miR-181a-5p, miR-195-5p, miR-199a-5p, miR-221-3p, and miR-499a-5p showed the highest accuracy for the identification of mothers with a prior exposure to GDM at a higher risk of later development of cardiovascular/cerebrovascular diseases (AUC 0.900, p < 0.001, sensitivity 77.48%, specificity 93.26%, cut off >0.611270413). It was able to identify 77.48% mothers with an increased cardiovascular risk at 10.0% FPR. Any of changes in epigenome (upregulation of miR-16-5p, miR-17-5p, miR-29a-3p, and miR-195-5p) that were induced by GDM-complicated pregnancy are long-acting and may predispose mothers affected with GDM to later development of diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular/cerebrovascular diseases. In addition, novel epigenetic changes (upregulation of serious of microRNAs) appeared in a proportion of women that were exposed to GDM throughout the postpartal life. Likewise, a previous occurrence of either GH, PE, and/or FGR, as well as a previous occurrence of GDM, is associated with the upregulation of miR-1-3p, miR-17-5p, miR-20a-5p, miR-20b-5p, miR-29a-3p, miR-100-5p, miR-125b-5p, miR-126-3p, miR-130b-3p, miR-133a-3p, miR-143-3p, miR-145-5p, miR-146a-5p, miR-181a-5p, miR-199a-5p, miR-221-3p, and miR-499a-5p. On the other hand, upregulation of miR-16-5p, miR-21-5p, miR-23a-3p, miR-24-3p, miR-26a-5p, miR-103a-3p, miR-195-5p, miR-342-3p, and miR-574-3p represents a unique feature of aberrant expression profile of women with a prior exposure to GDM. Screening of particular microRNAs may stratify a high-risk group of mothers with a history of GDM who might benefit from implementation of early primary prevention strategies.
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31
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Holly JMP, Biernacka K, Perks CM. The Neglected Insulin: IGF-II, a Metabolic Regulator with Implications for Diabetes, Obesity, and Cancer. Cells 2019; 8:cells8101207. [PMID: 31590432 PMCID: PMC6829378 DOI: 10.3390/cells8101207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Revised: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
When originally discovered, one of the initial observations was that, when all of the insulin peptide was depleted from serum, the vast majority of the insulin activity remained and this was due to a single additional peptide, IGF-II. The IGF-II gene is adjacent to the insulin gene, which is a result of gene duplication, but has evolved to be considerably more complicated. It was one of the first genes recognised to be imprinted and expressed in a parent-of-origin specific manner. The gene codes for IGF-II mRNA, but, in addition, also codes for antisense RNA, long non-coding RNA, and several micro RNA. Recent evidence suggests that each of these have important independent roles in metabolic regulation. It has also become clear that an alternatively spliced form of the insulin receptor may be the principle IGF-II receptor. These recent discoveries have important implications for metabolic disorders and also for cancer, for which there is renewed acknowledgement of the importance of metabolic reprogramming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeff M P Holly
- Department of Translational Health Science, Bristol Medical School, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Learning & Research Building, Southmead Hospital, Bristol, BS10 5NB, UK.
| | - Kalina Biernacka
- Department of Translational Health Science, Bristol Medical School, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Learning & Research Building, Southmead Hospital, Bristol, BS10 5NB, UK
| | - Claire M Perks
- Department of Translational Health Science, Bristol Medical School, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Learning & Research Building, Southmead Hospital, Bristol, BS10 5NB, UK
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32
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Dhahbi J, Nunez Lopez YO, Schneider A, Victoria B, Saccon T, Bharat K, McClatchey T, Atamna H, Scierski W, Golusinski P, Golusinski W, Masternak MM. Profiling of tRNA Halves and YRNA Fragments in Serum and Tissue From Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Patients Identify Key Role of 5' tRNA-Val-CAC-2-1 Half. Front Oncol 2019; 9:959. [PMID: 31616639 PMCID: PMC6775249 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.00959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most common type of head and neck cancer and, as indicated by The Oral Cancer Foundation, kills at an alarming rate of roughly one person per hour. With this study, we aimed at better understanding disease mechanisms and identifying minimally invasive disease biomarkers by profiling novel small non-coding RNAs (specifically, tRNA halves and YRNA fragments) in both serum and tumor tissue from humans. Small RNA-Sequencing identified multiple 5' tRNA halves and 5' YRNA fragments that displayed significant differential expression levels in circulation and/or tumor tissue, as compared to control counterparts. In addition, by implementing a modification of weighted gene coexpression network analysis, we identified an upregulated genetic module comprised of 5' tRNA halves and miRNAs (miRNAs were described in previous study using the same samples) with significant association with the cancer trait. By consequently implementing miRNA-overtargeting network analysis, the biological function of the module (and by "guilt by association," the function of the 5' tRNA-Val-CAC-2-1 half) was found to involve the transcriptional targeting of specific genes involved in the negative regulation of the G1/S transition of the mitotic cell cycle. These findings suggest that 5' tRNA-Val-CAC-2-1 half (reduced in serum of OSCC patients and elevated in the tumor tissue) could potentially serve as an OSCC circulating biomarker and/or target for novel anticancer therapies. To our knowledge, this is the first time that the specific molecular function of a 5'-tRNA half is specifically pinpointed in OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Dhahbi
- Department of Medical Education, School of Medicine, California University of Science & Medicine, San Bernardino, CA, United States
| | - Yury O. Nunez Lopez
- Translational Research Institute for Metabolism and Diabetes, AdventHealth, Orlando, FL, United States
| | - Augusto Schneider
- Faculdade de Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - Berta Victoria
- Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, United States
| | - Tatiana Saccon
- Faculdade de Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
- Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, United States
| | - Krish Bharat
- Department of Medical Education, School of Medicine, California University of Science & Medicine, San Bernardino, CA, United States
| | - Thaddeus McClatchey
- Department of Medical Education, School of Medicine, California University of Science & Medicine, San Bernardino, CA, United States
| | - Hani Atamna
- Department of Medical Education, School of Medicine, California University of Science & Medicine, San Bernardino, CA, United States
| | - Wojciech Scierski
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Laryngological Oncology in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Pawel Golusinski
- Department of Otolaryngology and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Zielona Gora, Zielona Gora, Poland
- Department of Biology and Environmental Studies, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, The Greater Poland Cancer Centre, Poznań, Poland
| | - Wojciech Golusinski
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, The Greater Poland Cancer Centre, Poznań, Poland
| | - Michal M. Masternak
- Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, United States
- Department of Biology and Environmental Studies, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, The Greater Poland Cancer Centre, Poznań, Poland
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33
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Seyhan AA, Carini C. Are innovation and new technologies in precision medicine paving a new era in patients centric care? J Transl Med 2019; 17:114. [PMID: 30953518 PMCID: PMC6451233 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-019-1864-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Healthcare is undergoing a transformation, and it is imperative to leverage new technologies to generate new data and support the advent of precision medicine (PM). Recent scientific breakthroughs and technological advancements have improved our understanding of disease pathogenesis and changed the way we diagnose and treat disease leading to more precise, predictable and powerful health care that is customized for the individual patient. Genetic, genomics, and epigenetic alterations appear to be contributing to different diseases. Deep clinical phenotyping, combined with advanced molecular phenotypic profiling, enables the construction of causal network models in which a genomic region is proposed to influence the levels of transcripts, proteins, and metabolites. Phenotypic analysis bears great importance to elucidat the pathophysiology of networks at the molecular and cellular level. Digital biomarkers (BMs) can have several applications beyond clinical trials in diagnostics-to identify patients affected by a disease or to guide treatment. Digital BMs present a big opportunity to measure clinical endpoints in a remote, objective and unbiased manner. However, the use of "omics" technologies and large sample sizes have generated massive amounts of data sets, and their analyses have become a major bottleneck requiring sophisticated computational and statistical methods. With the wealth of information for different diseases and its link to intrinsic biology, the challenge is now to turn the multi-parametric taxonomic classification of a disease into better clinical decision-making by more precisely defining a disease. As a result, the big data revolution has provided an opportunity to apply artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning algorithms to this vast data set. The advancements in digital health opportunities have also arisen numerous questions and concerns on the future of healthcare practices in particular with what regards the reliability of AI diagnostic tools, the impact on clinical practice and vulnerability of algorithms. AI, machine learning algorithms, computational biology, and digital BMs will offer an opportunity to translate new data into actionable information thus, allowing earlier diagnosis and precise treatment options. A better understanding and cohesiveness of the different components of the knowledge network is a must to fully exploit the potential of it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Attila A Seyhan
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Division of Biology and Medicine, Brown University, Providence, RI, 02903, USA. .,Fox Chase Cancer Center, Temple University Temple Health, Philadelphia, PA, 19111, USA.
| | - Claudio Carini
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, London, SE1 8WA, UK
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La Sala L, Mrakic-Sposta S, Tagliabue E, Prattichizzo F, Micheloni S, Sangalli E, Specchia C, Uccellatore AC, Lupini S, Spinetti G, de Candia P, Ceriello A. Circulating microRNA-21 is an early predictor of ROS-mediated damage in subjects with high risk of developing diabetes and in drug-naïve T2D. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2019; 18:18. [PMID: 30803440 PMCID: PMC6388471 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-019-0824-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2019] [Accepted: 02/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) is a risk factor for the development of diabetes and related complications that ensue. Early identification of at-risk individuals might be beneficial to reduce or delay the progression of diabetes and its related complications. Recently, microRNAs emerged as potential biomarkers of diseases. The aim of the present study was to evaluate microRNA-21 as a potential biomarker for the risk of developing diabetes in adults with IGT and to investigate its downstream effects as the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), the induction of manganese-superoxide dismutase-2 (SOD2), and the circulating levels of 4-HNE (4-hydroxynonenal). METHODS To evaluate the prognostic and predictive values of plasmatic microRNA-21 in identifying metabolic derangements, we tested a selected cohort (n = 115) of subjects enrolled in the DIAPASON Study, whom were selected on ADA criteria for 2hPG. Statistical analysis was performed using ANOVA or the Kruskal-Wallis test as appropriate. ROC curves were drawn for diagnostic accuracy of the tests; positive and negative predictive values were performed, and Youden's index was used to seek the cut-off optimum truncation point. ROS, SOD2 and 4-HNE were also evaluated. RESULTS We observed significant upregulation of microRNA-21 in IGT and in T2D subjects, and microRNA-21 was positively correlated with glycaemic parameters. Diagnostic performance of microRNA-21 was high and accurate. We detected significant overproduction of ROS by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR), significant accumulation of the lipid peroxidation marker 4-HNE, and defective SOD2 antioxidant response in IGT and newly diagnosed, drug-naïve T2D subjects. In addition, ROC curves demonstrated the diagnostic accuracy of markers used. CONCLUSIONS our data demonstrate that microRNA-21 is associated with prediabetic status and exhibits predictive value for early detection of glucose imbalances. These data could provide novel clues for miR-based biomarkers to evaluate diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia La Sala
- Department of Cardiovascular and Dysmetabolic Diseases, IRCCS MultiMedica, Via Fantoli 16/15, 20138, Milan, Italy.
| | - Simona Mrakic-Sposta
- Institute of Molecular Bioimaging and Physiology, National Research Council, Segrate, Italy
| | | | - Francesco Prattichizzo
- Department of Cardiovascular and Dysmetabolic Diseases, IRCCS MultiMedica, Via Fantoli 16/15, 20138, Milan, Italy
| | - Stefano Micheloni
- Department of Cardiovascular and Dysmetabolic Diseases, IRCCS MultiMedica, Via Fantoli 16/15, 20138, Milan, Italy
| | - Elena Sangalli
- Department of Cardiovascular and Dysmetabolic Diseases, IRCCS MultiMedica, Via Fantoli 16/15, 20138, Milan, Italy
| | - Claudia Specchia
- Department of Translational Biomedicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | | | | | - Gaia Spinetti
- Department of Cardiovascular and Dysmetabolic Diseases, IRCCS MultiMedica, Via Fantoli 16/15, 20138, Milan, Italy
| | - Paola de Candia
- Department of Cardiovascular and Dysmetabolic Diseases, IRCCS MultiMedica, Via Fantoli 16/15, 20138, Milan, Italy
| | - Antonio Ceriello
- Department of Cardiovascular and Dysmetabolic Diseases, IRCCS MultiMedica, Via Fantoli 16/15, 20138, Milan, Italy.,Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS) and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Barcelona, Spain
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