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El-Sayed SE, Abdelaziz NA, El-Housseiny GS, Aboshanab KM. Nanosponge hydrogel of octadecyl 3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propanoate of Alcaligenes faecalis. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 108:100. [PMID: 38217256 PMCID: PMC10786974 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-023-12819-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
Octadecyl 3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propanoate (ODHP) was extracted in a previous study from the culture broth of soil isolate Alcaligenes faecalis MT332429 and showed a promising antimycotic activity. This study was aimed to formulate ODHP loaded β-cyclodextrins (CD) nanosponge (NS) hydrogel (HG) to control skin fungal ailments since nanosponges augment the retention of tested agents in the skin. Box-Behnken design was used to produce the optimized NS formulation, where entrapment efficiency percent (EE%), polydispersity index (PDI), and particle size (PS) were assigned as dependent parameters, while the independent process parameters were polyvinyl alcohol % (w/v %), polymer-linker ratio, homogenization time, and speed. The carbopol 940 hydrogel was then created by incorporating the nanosponges. The hydrogel fit Higuchi's kinetic release model the best, according to in vitro drug release. Stability and photodegradation studies revealed that the NS-HG remained stable under tested conditions. The formulation also showed higher in vitro antifungal activity against Candida albicans compared to the control fluconazole. In vivo study showed that ODHP-NS-HG increased survival rates, wound contraction, and healing of wound gap and inhibited the inflammation process compared to the other control groups. The histopathological examinations and Masson's trichrome staining showed improved healing and higher records of collagen deposition. Moreover, the permeability of ODHP-NS-HG was higher through rats' skin by 1.5-folds compared to the control isoconazole 1%. Therefore, based on these results, NS-HG formulation is a potential carrier for enhanced and improved topical delivery of ODHP. Our study is a pioneering research on the development of a formulation for ODHP produced naturally from soil bacteria. KEY POINTS: • Octadecyl 3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propanoate was successfully formulated as a nanosponge hydrogel and statistically optimized. • The new formula exhibited in vitro good stability, drug release, and higher antifungal activity against C. albicans as compared to the fluconazole. • Ex vivo showed enhanced skin permeability, and in vivo analysis showed high antifungal activity as evidenced by measurement of various biochemical parameters and histopathological examination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayed E El-Sayed
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahram Canadian University, Sixth of October City, Giza, 12451, Egypt
| | - Neveen A Abdelaziz
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahram Canadian University, Sixth of October City, Giza, 12451, Egypt
| | - Ghadir S El-Housseiny
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Organization of African Unity St, Ain Shams University, Abbassia, 11566, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Khaled M Aboshanab
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Organization of African Unity St, Ain Shams University, Abbassia, 11566, Cairo, Egypt.
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Zhang L, Lu J. Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) polyphenols and inflammatory bowel diseases: Major phytochemicals, functional properties, and health effects. Fitoterapia 2024; 177:106074. [PMID: 38906386 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2024.106074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2024] [Revised: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/23/2024]
Abstract
Major polyphenols in Rosmarinus officinalis L. primarily consist of phenolic acids, phenolic diterpenes, and flavonoids, all of which have pharmacological properties including anti-inflammatory and antibacterial characteristics. Numerous in vitro and animal studies have found that rosemary polyphenols have the potential to decrease the severity of intestinal inflammation. The beneficial effects of rosemary polyphenols were associated with anti-inflammatory properties, including improved gut barrier (increased mucus secretion and tight junction), increased antioxidant enzymes, inhibiting inflammatory pathways and cytokines (downregulation of NF-κB, NLRP3 inflammasomes, STAT3 and activation of Nrf2), and modulating gut microbiota community (increased core probiotics and SCFA-producing bacteria, and decreased potential pathogens) and metabolism (changes in SCFA and bile acid metabolites). This paper provides a better understanding of the anti-inflammatory properties of rosemary polyphenols and suggests that rosemary polyphenols might be employed as strong anti-inflammatory agents to prevent intestinal inflammation and lower the risk of inflammatory bowel disease and related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lianhua Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Jie Lu
- China Animal Husbandry Group, Beijing 100070, China
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3
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Jiang M, Qiu Z, Diao Y, Shi Y, Liu W, Li N, Jia A. Optimization of the extraction process for Shenshou Taiyi powder based on Box-Behnken experimental design, standard relation, and FAHP-CRITIC methods. BMC Complement Med Ther 2024; 24:251. [PMID: 38956573 PMCID: PMC11221082 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-024-04554-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ancient classic prescription play a crucial role in the preservation and advancement of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) theories. They represent a significant milestone in the ongoing development and transmission of TCM knowledge and practices and are considered one of the breakthroughs in the development of TCM inheritance. In the process of developing ancient classic prescriptions, many problems may still arise in ensuring quality consistency between traditional methods and modern production processes, among which the extraction process poses major challenges. This paper introduces a practical approach extracting an ancient classic prescription using a modern extraction process. The technique is demonstrated through the study of the extraction process of Shenshou Taiyi powder (STP). METHODS This study focuses on optimising the STP extraction process to ensure consistency in the quality of the product obtained through ancient and modern processes using the standard relation and fuzzy analytic hierarchical process (FAHP) and criteria importance through intercriteria correlation (CRITIC) method integrated weights combined with the Box-Behnken response surface test. Using the contents of rosmarinic acid, isoimperatorin, puerarin, as well as the extract yield and fingerprint similarity as evaluation indexes of STP, the Box-Behnken response surface method was employed to examine the varying extraction parameters, including water addition ratio, extraction duration, and number of extractions. The weighted coefficients for each parameter were calculated by combining the benchmark correlation and FAHP-CRITIC method, deriving a comprehensive score. RESULTS The optimal extraction process for STP consisted of a two extractions, each using at a tenfold quantity of water, performed for one hour. Process verification across three separate batches yielded a comprehensive score of 94.7, with a relative standard deviation of 0.76%. CONCLUSIONS The application of the Box-Behnken response surface method combined with standard relation and FAHP-CRITIC approach proved to be stable and feasible for optimising the extraction process of STP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengcheng Jiang
- College of Pharmacy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117, Jilin, China
| | - Zhidong Qiu
- College of Pharmacy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117, Jilin, China
| | - Yuanyuan Diao
- College of Pharmacy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117, Jilin, China
| | - Yuwen Shi
- College of Pharmacy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117, Jilin, China
| | - Weipeng Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117, Jilin, China
| | - Na Li
- College of Pharmacy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117, Jilin, China
| | - Ailing Jia
- College of Pharmacy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117, Jilin, China.
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Abutayeh RF, Altah M, Mehdawi A, Al-Ataby I, Ardakani A. Chemopreventive Agents from Nature: A Review of Apigenin, Rosmarinic Acid, and Thymoquinone. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2024; 46:6600-6619. [PMID: 39057035 PMCID: PMC11276303 DOI: 10.3390/cimb46070393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2024] [Revised: 06/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer, a major challenge to global health and healthcare systems, requires the study of alternative and supportive treatments due to the limitations of conventional therapies. This review examines the chemopreventive potential of three natural compounds: rosmarinic acid, apigenin, and thymoquinone. Derived from various plants, these compounds have demonstrated promising chemopreventive properties in in vitro, in vivo, and in silico studies. Specifically, they have been shown to inhibit cancer cell growth, induce apoptosis, and modulate key signaling pathways involved in cancer progression. The aim of this review is to provide a comprehensive overview of the current research on these phytochemicals, elucidating their mechanisms of action, therapeutic efficacy, and potential as adjuncts to traditional cancer therapies. This information serves as a valuable resource for researchers and healthcare providers interested in expanding their knowledge within the field of alternative cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reem Fawaz Abutayeh
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Applied Science Private University, Amman 11937, Jordan;
| | - Maram Altah
- School of Pharmacy, Al-Qadisiyah College, Amman 11118, Jordan;
| | - Amani Mehdawi
- School of Pharmacy, Al-Qadisiyah College, Amman 11118, Jordan;
| | - Israa Al-Ataby
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Applied Science Private University, Amman 11937, Jordan;
| | - Adel Ardakani
- College of Pharmacy, Amman Arab University, Amman 11953, Jordan;
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Luo Y, Zhang G, Hu C, Huang L, Wang D, Chen Z, Wang Y. The Role of Natural Products from Herbal Medicine in TLR4 Signaling for Colorectal Cancer Treatment. Molecules 2024; 29:2727. [PMID: 38930793 PMCID: PMC11206024 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29122727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2024] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) signaling pathway constitutes an intricate network of protein interactions primarily involved in inflammation and cancer. This pathway triggers intracellular signaling cascades, modulating transcription factors that regulate gene expression related to immunity and malignancy. Previous studies showed that colon cancer patients with low TLR4 expression exhibit extended survival times and the TLR4 signaling pathway holds a significant role in CRC pathogenesis. In recent years, traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) have garnered substantial attention as an alternative therapeutic modality for CRC, primarily due to their multifaceted composition and ability to target multiple pathways. Emerging evidence indicates that specific TCM products, such as andrographolide, rosmarinic acid, baicalin, etc., have the potential to impede CRC development through the TLR4 signaling pathway. Here, we review the role and biochemical processes of the TLR4 signaling pathway in CRC, and natural products from TCMs affecting the TLR4 pathway. This review sheds light on potential treatment strategies utilizing natural TLR4 inhibitors for CRC, which contributes to the advancement of research and accelerates their clinical integration into CRC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Luo
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China; (Y.L.); (G.Z.); (L.H.); (D.W.)
| | - Guochen Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China; (Y.L.); (G.Z.); (L.H.); (D.W.)
| | - Chao Hu
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China;
| | - Lijun Huang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China; (Y.L.); (G.Z.); (L.H.); (D.W.)
| | - Dong Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China; (Y.L.); (G.Z.); (L.H.); (D.W.)
| | - Zhejie Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Nucleic Acid Chemistry and Nanomedicine, Institute of Molecular Medicine (IMM), Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Yumei Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China; (Y.L.); (G.Z.); (L.H.); (D.W.)
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Ozturk T, Ávila-Gálvez MÁ, Mercier S, Vallejo F, Bred A, Fraisse D, Morand C, Pelvan E, Monfoulet LE, González-Sarrías A. Impact of Lactic Acid Bacteria Fermentation on (Poly)Phenolic Profile and In Vitro Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Properties of Herbal Infusions. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:562. [PMID: 38790667 PMCID: PMC11117909 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13050562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Recently, the development of functional beverages has been enhanced to promote health and nutritional well-being. Thus, the fermentation of plant foods with lactic acid bacteria can enhance their antioxidant capacity and others like anti-inflammatory activity, which may depend on the variations in the total content and profile of (poly)phenols. The present study aimed to investigate the impact of fermentation with two strains of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum of several herbal infusions from thyme, rosemary, echinacea, and pomegranate peel on the (poly)phenolic composition and whether lacto-fermentation can contribute to enhance their in vitro antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects on human colon myofibroblast CCD18-Co cells. HPLC-MS/MS analyses revealed that fermentation increased the content of the phenolics present in all herbal infusions. In vitro analyses indicated that pomegranate infusion showed higher antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, followed by thyme, echinacea, and rosemary, based on the total phenolic content. After fermentation, despite increasing the content of phenolics, the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects via reduction pro-inflammatory markers (IL-6, IL-8 and PGE2) were similar to those of their corresponding non-fermented infusions, with the exception of a greater reduction in lacto-fermented thyme. Overall, the findings suggest that the consumption of lacto-fermented herbal infusions could be beneficial in alleviating intestinal inflammatory disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarik Ozturk
- Life Sciences, TÜBİTAK Marmara Research Center, P.O. Box 21, 41470 Gebze-Kocaeli, Türkiye; (T.O.); (E.P.)
| | - María Ángeles Ávila-Gálvez
- Laboratory of Food and Health, Research Group on Quality, Safety and Bioactivity of Plant Foods, Department of Food Science and Technology, CEBAS-CSIC, Campus de Espinardo, P.O. Box 164, 30100 Murcia, Spain; (M.Á.Á.-G.); (F.V.)
| | - Sylvie Mercier
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, UNH, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (S.M.); (A.B.); (D.F.); (C.M.)
| | - Fernando Vallejo
- Laboratory of Food and Health, Research Group on Quality, Safety and Bioactivity of Plant Foods, Department of Food Science and Technology, CEBAS-CSIC, Campus de Espinardo, P.O. Box 164, 30100 Murcia, Spain; (M.Á.Á.-G.); (F.V.)
| | - Alexis Bred
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, UNH, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (S.M.); (A.B.); (D.F.); (C.M.)
| | - Didier Fraisse
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, UNH, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (S.M.); (A.B.); (D.F.); (C.M.)
| | - Christine Morand
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, UNH, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (S.M.); (A.B.); (D.F.); (C.M.)
| | - Ebru Pelvan
- Life Sciences, TÜBİTAK Marmara Research Center, P.O. Box 21, 41470 Gebze-Kocaeli, Türkiye; (T.O.); (E.P.)
| | - Laurent-Emmanuel Monfoulet
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, UNH, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (S.M.); (A.B.); (D.F.); (C.M.)
| | - Antonio González-Sarrías
- Laboratory of Food and Health, Research Group on Quality, Safety and Bioactivity of Plant Foods, Department of Food Science and Technology, CEBAS-CSIC, Campus de Espinardo, P.O. Box 164, 30100 Murcia, Spain; (M.Á.Á.-G.); (F.V.)
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Ye Y, Lin M, Zhou G, Wang W, Yao Y, Su Y, Qi J, Zheng Y, Zhong C, Chen X, Huang M, Lu Y. Fuyuan decoction prevents nasopharyngeal carcinoma metastasis by inhibiting circulating tumor cells/ endothelial cells interplay and enhancing anti-cancer immune response. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1355650. [PMID: 38738179 PMCID: PMC11084272 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1355650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Distant metastasis is a major cause of treatment failure in cancer patients and a key challenge to improving cancer care today. We hypothesized that enhancing anti-cancer immune response and inhibiting circulating tumor cells (CTCs) adhesion and transendothelial migration through synergistic multi-target approaches may effectively prevent cancer metastasis. "Fuyuan Decoction" (FYD) is a traditional Chinese medicine compound that is widely used to prevent postoperative metastasis in cancer patients, but its underlying mechanism remains unclear. In this work, we systematically elucidated the underlying molecular mechanism by which FYD prevents cancer metastasis through multi-compound and multi-target synergies in vitro and in vivo. FYD significantly prevented cancer metastasis at non-cytotoxic concentrations by suppressing the adhesion of CTCs to endothelial cells and their subsequent transendothelial migration, as well as enhancing anti-cancer immune response. Mechanistically, FYD interrupts adhesion of CTCs to vascular endothelium by inhibiting TNF-α-induced CAMs expression via regulation of the NF-κB signaling pathway in endothelial cells. FYD inhibits invasion and migration of CTCs by suppressing EMT, PI3K/AKT and FAK signaling pathways. Moreover, FYD enhances the anti-cancer immune response by significantly increasing the population of Tc and NK cells in the peripheral immune system. In addition, the chemical composition of FYD was determined by UPLC-HRMS, and the results indicated that multiple compounds in FYD prevents cancer metastasis through multi-target synergistic treatment. This study provides a modern medical basis for the application of FYD in the prevention of cancer metastasis, and suggesting that multi-drug and multi-target synergistic therapy may be one of the most effective ways to prevent cancer metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuying Ye
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Affiliated People’s Hospital (Fujian Provincial People’s Hospital), Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Mengting Lin
- College of Pharmacy, Fujian Key Laboratory of Chinese Materia Medica, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian-Taiwan-Hongkong-Macao Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Intelligent Pharmaceutics, College of Material and Chemical Engineering, Minjiang University, Fuzhou, China
- Fuzhou Institute of Oceanography, Minjiang University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Guiyu Zhou
- Fujian-Taiwan-Hongkong-Macao Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Intelligent Pharmaceutics, College of Material and Chemical Engineering, Minjiang University, Fuzhou, China
- Fuzhou Institute of Oceanography, Minjiang University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Weiyu Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Fujian Key Laboratory of Chinese Materia Medica, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian-Taiwan-Hongkong-Macao Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Intelligent Pharmaceutics, College of Material and Chemical Engineering, Minjiang University, Fuzhou, China
- Fuzhou Institute of Oceanography, Minjiang University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yinyin Yao
- College of Pharmacy, Fujian Key Laboratory of Chinese Materia Medica, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian-Taiwan-Hongkong-Macao Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Intelligent Pharmaceutics, College of Material and Chemical Engineering, Minjiang University, Fuzhou, China
- Fuzhou Institute of Oceanography, Minjiang University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yafei Su
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Fuzhou Second Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jianqiang Qi
- Center for Teaching of Clinical Skills, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yanfang Zheng
- College of Pharmacy, Fujian Key Laboratory of Chinese Materia Medica, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Chunlian Zhong
- Fujian-Taiwan-Hongkong-Macao Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Intelligent Pharmaceutics, College of Material and Chemical Engineering, Minjiang University, Fuzhou, China
- Fuzhou Institute of Oceanography, Minjiang University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Affiliated People’s Hospital (Fujian Provincial People’s Hospital), Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Mingqing Huang
- College of Pharmacy, Fujian Key Laboratory of Chinese Materia Medica, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yusheng Lu
- Fujian-Taiwan-Hongkong-Macao Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Intelligent Pharmaceutics, College of Material and Chemical Engineering, Minjiang University, Fuzhou, China
- Fuzhou Institute of Oceanography, Minjiang University, Fuzhou, China
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Sumneang N, Pintha K, Kongkarnka S, Suttajit M, Kangwan N. Protective Effect of Perilla Seed Meal and Perilla Seed Extract against Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Ulcerative Colitis through Suppressing Inflammatory Cytokines in Mice. Molecules 2024; 29:1940. [PMID: 38731431 PMCID: PMC11085631 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29091940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
An excessive inflammatory response of the gastrointestinal tract is recognized as one of the major contributors to ulcerative colitis (UC). Despite this, effective preventive approaches for UC remain limited. Rosmarinic acid (RA), an enriched fraction from Perilla frutescens, has been shown to exert beneficial effects on disease-related inflammatory disorders. However, RA-enriched perilla seed meal (RAPSM) and perilla seed (RAPS) extracts have not been investigated in dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced UC in mice. RAPSM and RAPS were extracted using the solvent-partitioning method and analyzed with high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC). Mice with UC induced using 2.5% DSS for 7 days were pretreated with RAPSM and RAPS (50, 250, 500 mg/kg). Then, the clinical manifestation, colonic histopathology, and serum proinflammatory cytokines were determined. Indeed, DSS-induced UC mice exhibited colonic pathological defects including an impaired colon structure, colon length shortening, and increased serum proinflammatory cytokines. However, RAPSM and RAPS had a protective effect at all doses by attenuating colonic pathology in DSS-induced UC mice, potentially through the suppression of proinflammatory cytokines. Concentrations of 50 mg/kg of RAPSM and RAPS were sufficient to achieve a beneficial effect in UC mice. This suggests that RAPSM and RAPS have a preventive effect against DSS-induced UC, potentially through alleviating inflammatory responses and relieving severe inflammation in the colon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natticha Sumneang
- Department of Medical Science, School of Medicine, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand;
- Research Center in Tropical Pathobiology, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand
| | - Komsak Pintha
- Division of Biochemistry, School of Medical Sciences, University of Phayao, Phayao 56000, Thailand; (K.P.); (M.S.)
| | - Sarawut Kongkarnka
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand;
| | - Maitree Suttajit
- Division of Biochemistry, School of Medical Sciences, University of Phayao, Phayao 56000, Thailand; (K.P.); (M.S.)
| | - Napapan Kangwan
- Division of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Phayao, Phayao 56000, Thailand
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Ning N, Nan Y, Chen G, Huang S, Lu D, Yang Y, Meng F, Yuan L. Anti-Tumor Effects and Toxicity Reduction Mechanisms of Prunella vulgaris: A Comprehensive Review. Molecules 2024; 29:1843. [PMID: 38675663 PMCID: PMC11052495 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29081843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate and systematically describe the mechanism of action of Prunella vulgaris (P. vulgaris) against digestive system tumors and related toxicity reduction. METHODS This study briefly describes the history of medicinal food and the pharmacological effects of P. vulgaris, focusing on the review of the anti-digestive tumor effects of the active ingredients of P. vulgaris and the mechanism of its toxicity reduction. RESULTS The active ingredients of P. vulgaris may exert anti-tumor effects by inducing the apoptosis of cancer cells, inhibiting angiogenesis, inhibiting the migration and invasion of tumor cells, and inhibiting autophagy. In addition, P. vulgaris active ingredients inhibit the release of inflammatory factors and macrophages and increase the level of indicators of oxidative stress through the modulation of target genes in the pathway to achieve the effect of toxicity reduction. CONCLUSION The active ingredients in the medicine food homology plant P. vulgaris not only treat digestive system tumors through different mechanisms but also reduce the toxic effects. P. vulgaris is worthy of being explored more deeply.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Ning
- College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China; (N.N.); (G.C.); (S.H.)
| | - Yi Nan
- Key Laboratory of Ningxia Ethnomedicine Modernization, Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China;
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China; (D.L.); (Y.Y.); (F.M.)
| | - Guoqing Chen
- College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China; (N.N.); (G.C.); (S.H.)
| | - Shicong Huang
- College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China; (N.N.); (G.C.); (S.H.)
| | - Doudou Lu
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China; (D.L.); (Y.Y.); (F.M.)
| | - Yating Yang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China; (D.L.); (Y.Y.); (F.M.)
| | - Fandi Meng
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China; (D.L.); (Y.Y.); (F.M.)
| | - Ling Yuan
- College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China; (N.N.); (G.C.); (S.H.)
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Sirajudeen F, Malhab LJB, Bustanji Y, Shahwan M, Alzoubi KH, Semreen MH, Taneera J, El-Huneidi W, Abu-Gharbieh E. Exploring the Potential of Rosemary Derived Compounds (Rosmarinic and Carnosic Acids) as Cancer Therapeutics: Current Knowledge and Future Perspectives. Biomol Ther (Seoul) 2024; 32:38-55. [PMID: 38148552 PMCID: PMC10762267 DOI: 10.4062/biomolther.2023.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a global health challenge with high morbidity and mortality rates. However, conventional cancer treatment methods often have severe side effects and limited success rates. In the last decade, extensive research has been conducted to develop safe, and efficient alternative treatments that do not have the limitations of existing anticancer medicines. Plant-derived compounds have shown promise in cancer treatment for their anti-carcinogenic and anti-proliferative properties. Rosmarinic acid (RA) and carnosic acid (CA) are potent polyphenolic compounds found in rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) extract. They have been extensively studied for their biological properties, which include anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anticancer activities. In addition, RA and CA have demonstrated effective anti-proliferative properties against various cancers, making them promising targets for extensive research to develop candidate or leading compounds for cancer treatment. This review discusses and summarizes the anti-tumor effect of RA and CA against various cancers and highlights the involved biochemical and mechanistic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fazila Sirajudeen
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Lara J. Bou Malhab
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Yasser Bustanji
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Biopharmaceutics and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan
| | - Moyad Shahwan
- Centre of Medical and Bio-allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, Ajman 346, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Ajman University, Ajman 346, United Arab Emirates
| | - Karem H. Alzoubi
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Pharmacotherapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mohammad H. Semreen
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Jalal Taneera
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Waseem El-Huneidi
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Eman Abu-Gharbieh
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
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Niu C, Zhang J, Okolo P. Greasing the Wheels of Pharmacotherapy for Colorectal Cancer: the Role of Natural Polyphenols. Curr Nutr Rep 2023; 12:662-678. [PMID: 38041707 DOI: 10.1007/s13668-023-00512-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The main purpose of this review, mainly based on preclinical studies, is to summarize the pharmacological and biochemical evidence regarding natural polyphenols against colorectal cancer and highlight areas that require future research. RECENT FINDINGS Typically, colorectal cancer is a potentially preventable and curable cancer arising from benign precancerous polyps found in the colon's inner lining. Colorectal cancer is the third most common cancer, with a lifetime risk of approximately 4 to 5%. Genetic background and environmental factors play major roles in the pathogenesis of colorectal cancer. Theoretically, a multistep process of colorectal carcinogenesis provides enough time for anti-tumor pharmacotherapy of colorectal cancer. Chronic colonic inflammation, oxidative stress, and gut microbiota imbalance have been found to increase the risk for colorectal cancer development by creating genotoxic stress within the intestinal environment to generate genetic mutations and epigenetic modifications. Currently, numerous natural polyphenols have shown anti-tumor properties against colorectal cancer in preclinical research, especially in colorectal cancer cell lines. In this review, the current literature regarding the etiology and epidemiology of colorectal cancer is briefly outlined. We highlight the findings of natural polyphenols in colorectal cancer from in vitro and in vivo studies. The scarcity of human trials data undermines the clinical use of natural polyphenols as anti-colorectal cancer agents, which should be undertaken in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengu Niu
- Internal Medicine Residency Program, Rochester General Hospital, Rochester, NY, 14621, USA.
| | - Jing Zhang
- Rainier Springs Behavioral Health Hospital, Vancouver, 98686, USA
| | - Patrick Okolo
- Division of Gastroenterology, Rochester General Hospital, Rochester, NY, 14621, USA
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Tan X, Ma X, Dai Y, An J, Yu X, Li S, Liao Y, Pei T, Tang Y, Gui Y, Zhou S, Guo D, Deng Y, Hu K, Wang D. A large-scale transcriptional analysis reveals herb-derived ginsenoside F2 suppressing hepatocellular carcinoma via inhibiting STAT3. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 120:155031. [PMID: 37666060 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.155031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a common type of cancer that shows great morbidity and mortality rates. However, there are limited available drugs to treat HCC. AIM The present work focused on discovering the potential anti-HCC compounds from traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) by employing high-throughput sequencing-based high-throughput screening (HTS2) together with the liver cancer pathway-associated gene signature. METHODS HTS2 assay was adopted for identifying herbs. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis and computer-aided drug design (CADD) were used to identify key targets and screen the candidate natural products of herbs. Molecular docking, network pharmacology analysis, western blotting, immunofluorescent staining, subcellular fractionation experiment, dual-luciferase reporter gene assay, surface plasmon resonance (SPR) as well as nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) were performed to validate the ability of compound binding with key target and inhibiting its function. Moreover, cell viability, colony-forming, cell cycle assay and animal experiments were performed to examine the inhibitory effect of compound on HCC. RESULTS We examined the perturbation of 578 herb extracts on the expression of 84 genes from the liver cancer pathway, and identified the top 20 herbs significantly reverting the gene expression of this pathway. Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) was identified as one of the key targets of the liver cancer pathway by PPI network analysis. Then, by analyzing compounds from top 20 herbs utilizing CADD, we found ginsenoside F2 (GF2) binds to STAT3 with high affinity, which was further validated by the results from molecular docking, SPR and NMR. Additionally, our results showed that GF2 suppresses the phosphorylation of Y705 of STAT3, inhibits its nuclear translocation, decreases its transcriptional activity and inhibits the growth of HCC in vitro and in vivo. CONCLUSION Based on this large-scale transcriptional study, a number of anti-HCC herbs were identified. GF2, a compound derived from TCM, was found to be a chemical basis of these herbs in treating HCC. The present work also discovered that GF2 is a new STAT3 inhibitor, which is able to suppress HCC. As such, GF2 represents a new potential anti-HCC therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Xiaofang Ma
- Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Yifei Dai
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jun An
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Xiankuo Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Shengrong Li
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Yile Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Tianli Pei
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Yuqin Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China; Clinical Bioinformatics Experimental Center, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - Yu Gui
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Shiyi Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Dale Guo
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Yun Deng
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Kaifeng Hu
- Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China.
| | - Dong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China.
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Zhou B, Wang L, Yang S, Liang Y, Zhang Y, Pan X, Li J. Rosmarinic acid treatment protects against lethal H1N1 virus-mediated inflammation and lung injury by promoting activation of the h-PGDS-PGD 2-HO-1 signal axis. Chin Med 2023; 18:139. [PMID: 37891648 PMCID: PMC10612329 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-023-00847-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rosmarinic acid (RosA) is a natural phenolic compound that possesses a wide-range of pharmacological properties. However, the effects of RosA on influenza A virus-mediated acute lung injury remain unknown. In this study, we aimed to explore whether RosA could protect against H1N1 virus-mediated lung injury and elucidate the underlying mechanisms. METHODS Mice were intragastrically administered with RosA for 2 days before intranasal inoculation of the H1N1 virus (5LD50) for the establishment of an acute lung injury model. At day 7 post-infection (p.i.), gross anatomic lung pathology, lung histopathologic, and lung index (lung weight/body weight) were examined. Luminex assay, multiple immunofluorescence and flow cytometry were performed to detect the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and apoptosis, respectively. Western blotting and plasmid transfection with hematopoietic-type PGD2 synthase (h-PGDS) overexpression were conducted to elucidate the mechanisms. RESULTS RosA effectively attenuated H1N1 virus-triggered deterioration of gross anatomical morphology, worsened lung histopathology, and elevated lung index. Excessive pro-inflammatory reactions, aberrant alveolar epithelial cell apoptosis, and cytotoxic CD8+ T lung recruitment in the lung tissues induced by H1N1 virus infection were observed to be reduced by RosA treatment. In vitro experiments demonstrated that RosA treatment dose-dependently suppressed the increased levels of pro-inflammatory mediators and apoptosis through inhibition of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) and P38 MAPK signaling pathways in H1N1 virus-infected A549 cells, which was accompanied by promoting activation of the h-PGDS-PGD2-HO-1 signal axis. Furthermore, we strikingly found that h-PGDS inhibition significantly abrogated the inhibitory effects of RosA on H1N1 virus-mediated activation of NF-κB and P38 MAPK signaling pathways, resulting in diminishing the suppressive effects on the increased levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines as well as apoptosis. Finally, suppressing h-PGDS prominently abolished the protective effects of RosA on H1N1 virus-mediated severe pneumonia and lung injury. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, our study demonstrates that RosA is a promising compound to alleviate H1N1 virus-induced severe lung injury through prompting the h-PGDS-PGD2-HO-1 signal axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beixian Zhou
- The People's Hospital of Gaozhou, Gaozhou, 525200, China
| | | | - Sushan Yang
- The People's Hospital of Gaozhou, Gaozhou, 525200, China
| | - Yueyun Liang
- The People's Hospital of Gaozhou, Gaozhou, 525200, China
| | - Yuehan Zhang
- The People's Hospital of Gaozhou, Gaozhou, 525200, China
| | | | - Jing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, Institute of Chinese Integrative Medicine, Guangdong-Hongkong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Infectious Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
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Azhar MK, Anwar S, Hasan GM, Shamsi A, Islam A, Parvez S, Hassan MI. Comprehensive Insights into Biological Roles of Rosmarinic Acid: Implications in Diabetes, Cancer and Neurodegenerative Diseases. Nutrients 2023; 15:4297. [PMID: 37836581 PMCID: PMC10574478 DOI: 10.3390/nu15194297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Phytochemicals are abundantly occurring natural compounds extracted from plant sources. Rosmarinic acid (RA) is an abundant phytochemical of Lamiaceae species with various therapeutic implications for human health. In recent years, natural compounds have gained significant attention as adjuvant and complementary therapies to existing medications for various diseases. RA has gained popularity due to its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties and its roles in various life-threatening conditions, such as cancer, neurodegeneration, diabetes, etc. The present review aims to offer a comprehensive insight into the multifaceted therapeutic properties of RA, including its potential as an anticancer agent, neuroprotective effects, and antidiabetic potential. Based on the available evidences, RA could be considered a potential dietary component for treating various diseases, including cancer, diabetes and neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md. Khabeer Azhar
- Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi 110025, India;
| | - Saleha Anwar
- Department of Toxicology, School of Chemical & Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India;
| | - Gulam Mustafa Hasan
- Department of Basic Medical Science, College of Medicine, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 173, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Anas Shamsi
- Centre of Medical and Bio-Allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, Ajman 364, United Arab Emirates
| | - Asimul Islam
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi 110025, India; (A.I.); (M.I.H.)
| | - Suhel Parvez
- Department of Toxicology, School of Chemical & Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India;
| | - Md. Imtaiyaz Hassan
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi 110025, India; (A.I.); (M.I.H.)
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Hashemi M, Abbaszadeh S, Rashidi M, Amini N, Talebi Anaraki K, Motahhary M, Khalilipouya E, Harif Nashtifani A, Shafiei S, Ramezani Farani M, Nabavi N, Salimimoghadam S, Aref AR, Raesi R, Taheriazam A, Entezari M, Zha W. STAT3 as a newly emerging target in colorectal cancer therapy: Tumorigenesis, therapy response, and pharmacological/nanoplatform strategies. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 233:116458. [PMID: 37348629 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2023] [Revised: 06/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) ranks as the third most aggressive tumor globally, and it can be categorized into two forms: colitis-mediated CRC and sporadic CRC. The therapeutic approaches for CRC encompass surgical intervention, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy. However, even with the implementation of these techniques, the 5-year survival rate for metastatic CRC remains at a mere 12-14%. In the realm of CRC treatment, gene therapy has emerged as a novel therapeutic approach. Among the crucial molecular pathways that govern tumorigenesis, STAT3 plays a significant role. This pathway is subject to regulation by cytokines and growth factors. Once translocated into the nucleus, STAT3 influences the expression levels of factors associated with cell proliferation and metastasis. Literature suggests that the upregulation of STAT3 expression is observed as CRC cells progress towards metastatic stages. Consequently, elevated STAT3 levels serve as a significant determinant of poor prognosis and can be utilized as a diagnostic factor for cancer patients. The biological and malignant characteristics of CRC cells contribute to low survival rates in patients, as the upregulation of STAT3 prevents apoptosis and promotes pro-survival autophagy, thereby accelerating tumorigenesis. Furthermore, STAT3 plays a role in facilitating the proliferation of CRC cells through the stimulation of glycolysis and promoting metastasis via the induction of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Notably, an intriguing observation is that the upregulation of STAT3 can mediate resistance to 5-fluorouracil, oxaliplatin, and other anti-cancer drugs. Moreover, the radio-sensitivity of CRC diminishes with increased STAT3 expression. Compounds such as curcumin, epigallocatechin gallate, and other anti-tumor agents exhibit the ability to suppress STAT3 and its associated pathways, thereby impeding tumorigenesis in CRC. Furthermore, it is worth noting that nanostructures have demonstrated anti-proliferative and anti-metastatic properties in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehrdad Hashemi
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sahar Abbaszadeh
- Faculty of Medicine, Islamic Azad University Tonekabon Branch, Tonekabon, Iran
| | - Mohsen Rashidi
- Department Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran; The Health of Plant and Livestock Products Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Nafisesadat Amini
- Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | | | | | - Ensi Khalilipouya
- Department of Radiology, Mahdiyeh Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Sasan Shafiei
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Noushin Nabavi
- Department of Urologic Sciences and Vancouver Prostate Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6H3Z6, Canada
| | - Shokooh Salimimoghadam
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Amir Reza Aref
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA; Xsphera Biosciences, Translational Medicine Group, 6 Tide Street, Boston, MA, 02210, USA
| | - Rasoul Raesi
- Health Services Management, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Medical-Surgical Nursing, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Afshin Taheriazam
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Department of Orthopedics, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Maliheh Entezari
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Wenliang Zha
- Second Affiliated Hospital, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, China.
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Alves-Silva JM, Pedreiro S, Cruz MT, Salgueiro L, Figueirinha A. Exploring the Traditional Uses of Thymbra capitata Infusion in Algarve (Portugal): Anti-Inflammatory, Wound Healing, and Anti-Aging. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:1202. [PMID: 37765010 PMCID: PMC10538188 DOI: 10.3390/ph16091202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammation plays a pivotal role in the resolution of infection or tissue damage. In addition, inflammation is considered a hallmark of aging, which in turn compromises wound healing. Thymbra capitata is an aromatic plant, whose infusion is traditionally used as an anti-inflammatory and wound-healing agent. In this study, a T. capitata infusion was prepared and characterized by HPLC-PDA-ESI-MSn and its safety profile determined by the resazurin metabolic assay. The anti-inflammatory potential was revealed in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated macrophages by assessing nitric oxide (NO) release and levels of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and the interleukin-1β pro-form (pro-IL-1β). Wound-healing capacity was determined using the scratch assay. The activity of senescence-associated β-galactosidase was used to unveil the anti-senescent potential, along with the nuclear accumulation of yH2AX and p21 levels. The antiradical potential was assessed by DPPH and ABTS scavenging assays. The infusion contains predominantly rosmarinic acid and salvianolic acids. The extract decreased NO, iNOS, and pro-IL-1β levels. Interestingly, the extract promoted wound healing and decreased β-galactosidase activity, as well as yH2AX and p21 levels. The present work highlights strong antiradical, anti-inflammatory, and wound healing capacities, corroborating the traditional uses ascribed to this plant. We have described, for the first time for this extract, anti-senescent properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Miguel Alves-Silva
- Univ Coimbra, Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research, Health Sciences Campus, Azinhaga de S. Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal;
- Univ Coimbra, Faculty of Pharmacy, Health Sciences Campus, Azinhaga de S. Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (S.P.); (M.T.C.); (A.F.)
| | - Sónia Pedreiro
- Univ Coimbra, Faculty of Pharmacy, Health Sciences Campus, Azinhaga de S. Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (S.P.); (M.T.C.); (A.F.)
- Associated Laboratory for Green Chemistry (LAQV) of the Network of Chemistry and Technology (REQUIMTE), University of Porto, 4099-002 Porto, Portugal
| | - Maria Teresa Cruz
- Univ Coimbra, Faculty of Pharmacy, Health Sciences Campus, Azinhaga de S. Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (S.P.); (M.T.C.); (A.F.)
- Univ Coimbra, Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Rua Larga, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Lígia Salgueiro
- Univ Coimbra, Faculty of Pharmacy, Health Sciences Campus, Azinhaga de S. Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (S.P.); (M.T.C.); (A.F.)
- Univ Coimbra, Chemical Process Engineering and Forest Products Research Centre, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, 3030-790 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Artur Figueirinha
- Univ Coimbra, Faculty of Pharmacy, Health Sciences Campus, Azinhaga de S. Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (S.P.); (M.T.C.); (A.F.)
- Associated Laboratory for Green Chemistry (LAQV) of the Network of Chemistry and Technology (REQUIMTE), University of Porto, 4099-002 Porto, Portugal
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Yang X, Wang Q, Zhang X, Li L, Cao X, Zhou L, Huang Y, Sun G, Chen Y. Purple Yam Polyphenol Extracts Exert Anticolitis and Anticolitis-Associated Colorectal Cancer Effects through Inactivation of NF-κB/p65 and STAT3 Signaling Pathways. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:12177-12189. [PMID: 37545095 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c00346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer is a malignancy with high incidence and mortality worldwide, and ulcerative colitis (UC) is strongly associated with colorectal cancer. Purple yam, also known as Dioscorea alata, has been reported to be rich in plant polyphenols that have possessed anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antitumor properties. However, it is not clear whether purple yam polyphenol extracts (PYPE) can improve colitis and inhibit colitis-related colorectal tumorigenesis. Therefore, we used dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis and azoxymethane (AOM)/DSS-induced colitis-associated colorectal cancer (CAC) models in mice to evaluate the preventive value and possible mechanisms of PYPE. It was found that PYPE effectively alleviated DSS-induced colitis, inhibited macrophage infiltration, and reduced the production of the pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, IL-17A, CXCL1, and MCP-1, and the higher the concentration of PYPE, the better the inhibitory effect. In addition, PYPE dramatically prevented the development of CAC and tumor proliferation in mice. Furthermore, PYPE inactivated NF-κB and STAT3 signaling to exert anti-inflammatory and anticancer effects. Taken together, these findings indicate that PYPE may be used as a promising preventive strategy against UC and CAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyue Yang
- Key Laboratory of Human Genetics and Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, People's Republic of China
- Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Human Genetics and Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, People's Republic of China
- Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinghai Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Human Genetics and Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, People's Republic of China
- Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, People's Republic of China
| | - Lingling Li
- Key Laboratory of Human Genetics and Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, People's Republic of China
- Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, People's Republic of China
| | - Xingyue Cao
- Key Laboratory of Human Genetics and Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, People's Republic of China
- Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Human Genetics and Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, People's Republic of China
- Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, People's Republic of China
| | - Yefei Huang
- Key Laboratory of Human Genetics and Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, People's Republic of China
- Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, People's Republic of China
| | - Guixiang Sun
- Key Laboratory of Human Genetics and Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, People's Republic of China
- Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, People's Republic of China
| | - Yansu Chen
- Key Laboratory of Human Genetics and Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, People's Republic of China
- Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, People's Republic of China
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Alves-Silva JM, Pedreiro S, Cavaleiro C, Cruz MT, Figueirinha A, Salgueiro L. Effect of Thymbra capitata (L.) Cav. on Inflammation, Senescence and Cell Migration. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15081930. [PMID: 37111149 PMCID: PMC10146686 DOI: 10.3390/nu15081930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Aromatic plants are reported to display pharmacological properties, including anti-aging. This work aims to disclose the anti-aging effect of the essential oil (EO) of Thymbra capitata (L.) Cav., an aromatic and medicinal plant widely used as a spice, as well as of the hydrodistillation residual water (HRW), a discarded by-product of EO hydrodistillation. The phytochemical characterization of EO and HRW was assessed by GC-MS and HPLC-PDA-ESI-MSn, respectively. The DPPH, ABTS, and FRAP assays were used to disclose the antioxidant properties. The anti-inflammatory potential was evaluated using lipopolysaccharide-stimulated macrophages by assessing NO production, iNOS, and pro-IL-1β protein levels. Cell migration was evaluated using the scratch wound assay, and the etoposide-induced senescence was used to assess the modulation of senescence. The EO is mainly characterized by carvacrol, while the HRW is predominantly characterized by rosmarinic acid. The HRW exerts a stronger antioxidant effect in the DPPH and FRAP assays, whereas the EO was the most active sample in the ABTS assay. Both extracts reduce NO, iNOS, and pro-IL-1β. The EO has no effect on cell migration and presents anti-senescence effects. In opposition, HRW reduces cell migration and induces cellular senescence. Overall, our study highlights interesting pharmacological properties for both extracts, EO being of interest as an anti-aging ingredient and HRW relevant in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge M Alves-Silva
- Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research, University of Coimbra, Health Sciences Campus, Azinhaga de S. Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Health Sciences Campus, Azinhaga de S. Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Sónia Pedreiro
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Health Sciences Campus, Azinhaga de S. Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Associated Laboratory for Green Chemistry (LAQV) of the Network of Chemistry and Technology (REQUIMTE), University of Porto, 4099-002 Porto, Portugal
| | - Carlos Cavaleiro
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Health Sciences Campus, Azinhaga de S. Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Chemical Process Engineering and Forest Products Research Centre, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of Coimbra, 3030-790 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Maria Teresa Cruz
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Health Sciences Campus, Azinhaga de S. Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Rua Larga, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Artur Figueirinha
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Health Sciences Campus, Azinhaga de S. Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Associated Laboratory for Green Chemistry (LAQV) of the Network of Chemistry and Technology (REQUIMTE), University of Porto, 4099-002 Porto, Portugal
| | - Lígia Salgueiro
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Health Sciences Campus, Azinhaga de S. Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Associated Laboratory for Green Chemistry (LAQV) of the Network of Chemistry and Technology (REQUIMTE), University of Porto, 4099-002 Porto, Portugal
- Chemical Process Engineering and Forest Products Research Centre, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of Coimbra, 3030-790 Coimbra, Portugal
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Cao W, Pan J, Mo K, Wang Z, Wei S, Yin Y, Qin M, Zhang W. Effects of gene silencing of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 combined with rosmarinic acid on tumor immune microenvironment in H22 tumor-bearing mice. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 119:110193. [PMID: 37062258 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2023]
Abstract
Rosmarinic acid (RA) is a natural polyphenolic compound with several pharmacological activities, including immunomodulation and anti-tumor effect. Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase-1 (IDO1), the rate-limiting enzyme that metabolizes tryptophan into kynurenine, is an important negative immune regulator. This study aimed to explore the effect of combined action of IDO1 gene silencing and RA on tumor immune microenvironment. H22 tumor-bearing mice were treated with combination therapy with RA and IDO1-shRNA. The percentages and apoptosis of T-cells and subsets of splenic regulatory T-cells (Tregs) were detected by flow cytometry. Levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α), Interferon-γ (IFN-γ), interleukin-2 (IL-2) and interleukin-10 (IL-10) were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Treatment with RA + IDO1-shRNA significantly increased the percentage of CD4+ T cells, ratio of CD4+/CD8+ and the levels of IFN-γ and IL-2, while decreased CD8+ apoptosis, the proportion of splenic Tregs and the levels of TNF-α and IL-10. The present study demonstrated that combination therapy with RA and IDO1-shRNA had anti-tumor effects on HCC. The mechanism might be related to regulating immune response and immunocytokines, as well as alleviating immunosuppression induced by Tregs in the tumor immune microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Cao
- Department of Pharmacy, Guangxi International Zhuang Medicine Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi 530200, China.
| | - Jinfeng Pan
- Department of Pharmacy, Guangxi International Zhuang Medicine Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi 530200, China
| | - Kai Mo
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanning First People's Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi 530022, China
| | - Zhenning Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Guangxi International Zhuang Medicine Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi 530200, China
| | - Sijun Wei
- Department of Pharmacy, Guangxi International Zhuang Medicine Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi 530200, China
| | - Yuan Yin
- Department of Pharmacy, Guangxi International Zhuang Medicine Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi 530200, China
| | - Mengyao Qin
- Department of Pharmacy, Guangxi International Zhuang Medicine Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi 530200, China
| | - Wenjuan Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Guangxi International Zhuang Medicine Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi 530200, China
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20
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Chen J, Cai J, Lin J, Cheng Z, Long M. Inhibitory Effects of Bacillus Coagulans TL3 on the Ileal Oxidative Stress and Inflammation Induced by Lipopolysaccharide in Rats. Curr Microbiol 2023; 80:84. [PMID: 36680608 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-022-03171-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to explore the effect and mechanism of Bacillus coagulans TL3 (B. coagulans TL3) on ileal inflammatory injury induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Animal models were established wherein male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups: a control group, an LPS group, a high-concentration B. coagulans (HBC) group, and a low-concentration B. coagulans (LBC) group. The results showed that the biochemical indices changed, significant pathological changes were found, the number of apoptotic cells increased in the ileal tissue of the LPS group rats; the protein expressions of NFκB, MYD88, TLR4, TNF-α, Il-6, IL-1β, Claudin-1, Occludin, and ZO-1 in the LPS group were significantly decreased. The biochemical indices, pathological changes, and protein expressions in rats subjected to intragastric administration with high or low concentrations of B. coagulans TL3, were significantly reversed compared with the LPS group. These results indicated that TL3 strain could protect rats against ileal oxidative stress and inflammation induced by LPS and the protective mechanism was related to inhibition of the toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) / myeloid differentiation factor-88 (MyD88) signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Chen
- College of Animal Science & Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China
| | - Jing Cai
- College of Animal Science & Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China
| | - Jiaxi Lin
- College of Animal Science & Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China
| | - Ziyang Cheng
- College of Animal Science & Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China
| | - Miao Long
- College of Animal Science & Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China.
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21
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Wang K, Mao T, Lu X, Wang M, Yun Y, Jia Z, Shi L, Jiang H, Li J, Shi R. A potential therapeutic approach for ulcerative colitis: targeted regulation of macrophage polarization through phytochemicals. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1155077. [PMID: 37197668 PMCID: PMC10183582 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1155077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC), a type of inflammatory bowel disease characterized by recurring and incurable symptoms, causes immense suffering and economic burden for patients due to the limited treatment options available. Therefore, it is imperative to develop novel and promising strategies, as well as safe and effective drugs, for the clinical management of UC. Macrophages play a critical role as the initial line of defense in maintaining intestinal immune homeostasis, and their phenotypic transformation significantly influences the progression of UC. Scientific studies have demonstrated that directing macrophage polarization toward the M2 phenotype is an effective strategy for the prevention and treatment of UC. Phytochemicals derived from botanical sources have garnered the interest of the scientific community owing to their distinct bioactivity and nutritional value, which have been shown to confer beneficial protective effects against colonic inflammation. In this review, we explicated the influence of macrophage polarization on the development of UC and collated data on the significant potential of natural substances that can target the macrophage phenotype and elucidate the possible mechanism of action for its treatment. These findings may provide novel directions and references for the clinical management of UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Wang
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Tangyou Mao
- Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xinyu Lu
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Muyuan Wang
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yifei Yun
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Zeyu Jia
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Shi
- Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Haoxi Jiang
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Junxiang Li
- Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Junxiang Li, ; Rui Shi,
| | - Rui Shi
- Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Junxiang Li, ; Rui Shi,
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Tang X, Wang L, Wang D, Zhang Y, Wang T, Zhu Z, Weng Y, Tao G, Wang Q, Tang L, Yan F, Wang Y. Maggot extracts chemo-prevent inflammation and tumorigenesis accompanied by changes in the intestinal microbiome and metabolome in AOM/DSS-induced mice. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1143463. [PMID: 37200915 PMCID: PMC10185807 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1143463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory responses and intestinal microbiome play a crucial role in the progression of colitis-associated carcinoma (CAC). The traditional Chinese medicine maggot has been widely known owing to its clinical application and anti-inflammatory function. In this study, we investigated the preventive effects of maggot extract (ME) by intragastric administration prior to azoxymethane (AOM) and dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced CAC in mice. The results showed that ME had superior advantages in ameliorating disease activity index score and inflammatory phenotype, in comparison with the AOM/DSS group. The number and size of polypoid colonic tumors were decreased after pre-administration of ME. In addition, ME was found to reverse the downregulation of tight junction proteins (zonula occluden-1 and occluding) while suppressing the levels of inflammatory factors (IL-1β and IL-6) in models. Moreover, Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) mediated intracellular nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB)-containing signaling cascades, including inducible nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase-2, and exhibited decreasing expression in the mice model after ME pre-administration. 16s rRNA analysis and untargeted-metabolomics profiling of fecal samples inferred that ME revealed ideal prevention of intestinal dysbiosis in CAC mice, accompanied by and correlated with alterations in the composition of metabolites. Overall, ME pre-administration might be a chemo-preventive candidate in the initiation and development of CAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xun Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, The Affiliated Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University and Jiangsu Cancer Hospital and Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Daojuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, The Affiliated Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University and Jiangsu Cancer Hospital and Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing, China
| | - Tingyu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, The Affiliated Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhengquan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, The Affiliated Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yajing Weng
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, The Affiliated Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Gaojian Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, The Affiliated Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qin Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University and Jiangsu Cancer Hospital and Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing, China
| | - Li Tang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University and Jiangsu Cancer Hospital and Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing, China
| | - Feng Yan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University and Jiangsu Cancer Hospital and Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Feng Yan
| | - Yong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, The Affiliated Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- Nanjing University (Suzhou) High-Tech Institute, Nanjing University, Suzhou, China
- Yong Wang
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23
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Chaitanya MVNL, Ramanunny AK, Babu MR, Gulati M, Vishwas S, Singh TG, Chellappan DK, Adams J, Dua K, Singh SK. Journey of Rosmarinic Acid as Biomedicine to Nano-Biomedicine for Treating Cancer: Current Strategies and Future Perspectives. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:2401. [PMID: 36365218 PMCID: PMC9696899 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14112401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 10/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Rosmarinic acid (RA) is a polyphenolic metabolite found in various culinary, dietary sources, and medicinal plants like Coleus scutellarioides (Linn) Benth., Lavandula angustifolia Linn., Mellisa officinalis Linn., Origanum vulgare Linn., Rosmarinus officinalis Linn., Zataria multiflora Boiss. and Zhumeria majdae Rech. F. Apart from its dietary and therapeutic values, RA is an important anticancer phytochemical owing to its multi-targeting anticancer mechanism. These properties provide a scope for RA's therapeutic uses beyond its traditional use as a dietary source. However, its oral bioavailability is limited due to its poor solubility and permeability. This impedes its efficacy in treating cancer. Indeed, in recent years, tremendous efforts have been put towards the development of nanoformulations of RA for treating cancer. However, this research is in its initial stage as bringing a nanoparticle into the market itself is associated with many issues such as stability, toxicity, and scale-up issues. Considering these pitfalls during formulation development and overcoming them would surely provide a new face to RA as a nanomedicine to treat cancer. A literature search was conducted to systematically review the various biological sources, extraction techniques, and anticancer mechanisms through which RA showed multiple therapeutic effects. Various nanocarriers of RA pertaining to its anticancer activity are also discussed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Malakapogu Ravindra Babu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, Punjab, India
| | - Monica Gulati
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, Punjab, India
- Faculty of Health, Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Sukriti Vishwas
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, Punjab, India
| | - Thakur Gurjeet Singh
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura 140401, Punjab, India
| | - Dinesh Kumar Chellappan
- School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, Bukit Jalil, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia
| | - Jon Adams
- Faculty of Health, Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Kamal Dua
- Faculty of Health, Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia
- Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Sachin Kumar Singh
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, Punjab, India
- Faculty of Health, Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia
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24
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Bakrim S, El Omari N, El Hachlafi N, Bakri Y, Lee LH, Bouyahya A. Dietary Phenolic Compounds as Anticancer Natural Drugs: Recent Update on Molecular Mechanisms and Clinical Trials. Foods 2022; 11:foods11213323. [PMID: 36359936 PMCID: PMC9657352 DOI: 10.3390/foods11213323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 10/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Given the stochastic complexity of cancer diseases, the development of chemotherapeutic drugs is almost limited by problems of selectivity and side effects. Furthermore, an increasing number of protective approaches have been recently considered as the main way to limit these pathologies. Natural bioactive compounds, and particularly dietary phenolic compounds, showed major protective and therapeutic effects against different types of human cancers. Indeed, phenolic substances have functional groups that allow them to exert several anti-cancer mechanisms, such as the induction of apoptosis, autophagy, cell cycle arrest at different stages, and the inhibition of telomerase. In addition, in vivo studies show that these phenolic compounds also have anti-angiogenic effects via the inhibition of invasion and angiogenesis. Moreover, clinical studies have already highlighted certain phenolic compounds producing clinical effects alone, or in combination with drugs used in chemotherapy. In the present work, we present a major advance in research concerning the mechanisms of action of the different phenolic compounds that are contained in food medicinal plants, as well as evidence from the clinical trials that focus on them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saad Bakrim
- Geo-Bio-Environment Engineering and Innovation Laboratory, Molecular Engineering, Biotechnology, and Innovation Team, Polydisciplinary Faculty of Taroudant, Ibn Zohr University, Agadir 80000, Morocco
| | - Nasreddine El Omari
- Laboratory of Histology, Embryology, and Cytogenetic, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat 10100, Morocco
| | - Naoufal El Hachlafi
- Microbial Biotechnology and Bioactive Molecules Laboratory, Sciences and Technologies Faculty, Sidi Mohmed Ben Abdellah University, Fes 30000, Morocco
| | - Youssef Bakri
- Laboratory of Human Pathologies Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat 10106, Morocco
| | - Learn-Han Lee
- Novel Bacteria and Drug Discovery Research Group (NBDD), Microbiome and Bioresource Research Strength (MBRS), Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Subang Jaya 47500, Malaysia
- Correspondence: (L.-H.L.); (A.B.)
| | - Abdelhakim Bouyahya
- Laboratory of Human Pathologies Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat 10106, Morocco
- Correspondence: (L.-H.L.); (A.B.)
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25
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Zhao J, Xu L, Jin D, Xin Y, Tian L, Wang T, Zhao D, Wang Z, Wang J. Rosmarinic Acid and Related Dietary Supplements: Potential Applications in the Prevention and Treatment of Cancer. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12101410. [PMID: 36291619 PMCID: PMC9599057 DOI: 10.3390/biom12101410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer constitutes a severe threat to human health and quality of life and is one of the most significant causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Natural dietary products have drawn substantial attention in cancer treatment and prevention due to their availability and absence of toxicity. Rosmarinic acid (RA) is known for its excellent antioxidant properties and is safe and effective in preventing and inhibiting tumors. This review summarizes recent publications on culture techniques, extraction processes, and anti-tumor applications of RA-enriched dietary supplements. We discuss techniques to improve RA bioavailability and provide a mechanistic discussion of RA regarding tumor prevention, treatment, and adjuvant therapy. RA exhibits anticancer activity by regulating oxidative stress, chronic inflammation, cell cycle, apoptosis, and metastasis. These data suggest that daily use of RA-enriched dietary supplements can contribute to tumor prevention and treatment. RA has the potential for application in anti-tumor drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiachao Zhao
- College of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China
| | - Liwei Xu
- Department of Respirology, First Affiliated Hospital to Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Di Jin
- College of Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China
| | - Yu Xin
- School of pharmaceutical sciences, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China
| | - Lin Tian
- Department of Respirology, First Affiliated Hospital to Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Tan Wang
- Department of Respirology, First Affiliated Hospital to Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Daqing Zhao
- Northeast Asia Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China
| | - Zeyu Wang
- Northeast Asia Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China
- Correspondence: (Z.W.); (J.W.)
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Respirology, First Affiliated Hospital to Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130021, China
- Northeast Asia Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China
- Correspondence: (Z.W.); (J.W.)
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26
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Dahchour A. Anxiolytic and antidepressive potentials of rosmarinic acid: A review with a focus on antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. Pharmacol Res 2022; 184:106421. [PMID: 36096427 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2022.106421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
Depression and anxiety are the most prevalent neuropsychiatric disorders that have emerged as global health concerns. Anxiolytic and antidepressant drugs, such as benzodiazepines, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, monoamine oxidase inhibitors, and tricyclics, are the first line used in treating anxiety and depression. Although these drugs lack efficacy and have a delayed response time and numerous side effects, their widespread abuse and market continue to grow. Over time, traditional practices using natural and phytochemicals as alternative therapies to chemical drugs have emerged to treat many pathological conditions, including anxiety and depression. Recent preclinical studies have demonstrated that the phenolic compound, rosmarinic acid, is effective against several neuropsychiatric disorders, including anxiety and depression. In addition, rosmarinic acid showed various pharmacological effects, such as cardioprotective, hepatoprotective, lung protective, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective effects. However, the potentialities of the use of rosmarinic acid in the treatment of nervous system-related disorders, such as anxiety and depression, are less or not yet reviewed. Therefore, the purpose of this review was to present several preclinical and clinical studies, when available, from different databases investigating the effects of rosmarinic acid on anxiety and depression. These studies showed that rosmarinic acid produces advantageous effects on anxiety and depression through its powerful antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. This review will examine and discuss the possibility that the anxiolytic and anti-depressive effects of rosmarinic acid could be associated with its potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdelkader Dahchour
- Clinical Neurosciences Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy. Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez 30000, Morocco.
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27
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Alshehade SA, Al Zarzour RH, Murugaiyah V, Lim SYM, El-Refae HG, Alshawsh MA. Mechanism of action of Orthosiphon stamineus against non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: Insights from systems pharmacology and molecular docking approaches. Saudi Pharm J 2022; 30:1572-1588. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2022.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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28
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Mahmod AI, Haif SK, Kamal A, Al-Ataby IA, Talib WH. Chemoprevention effect of the Mediterranean diet on colorectal cancer: Current studies and future prospects. Front Nutr 2022; 9:924192. [PMID: 35990343 PMCID: PMC9386380 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.924192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer and the second most deadly cancer worldwide. Nevertheless, more than 70% of CRC cases are resulted from sporadic tumorigenesis and are not inherited. Since adenoma-carcinoma development is a slow process and may take up to 20 years, diet-based chemoprevention could be an effective approach in sporadic CRC. The Mediterranean diet is an example of a healthy diet pattern that consists of a combination of nutraceuticals that prevent several chronic diseases and cancer. Many epidemiological studies have shown the correlation between adherence to the Mediterranean diet and low incidence of CRC. The goal of this review is to shed the light on the anti-inflammatory and anti-colorectal cancer potentials of the natural bioactive compounds derived from the main foods in the Mediterranean diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asma Ismail Mahmod
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutic, Applied Science Private University, Amman, Jordan
| | - Shatha Khaled Haif
- Department of Pharmacy, Princess Sarvath Community College, Amman, Jordan
| | - Ayah Kamal
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutic, Applied Science Private University, Amman, Jordan
| | - Israa A Al-Ataby
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutic, Applied Science Private University, Amman, Jordan
| | - Wamidh H Talib
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutic, Applied Science Private University, Amman, Jordan
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Cellular Carcinogenesis: Role of Polarized Macrophages in Cancer Initiation. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14112811. [PMID: 35681791 PMCID: PMC9179569 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14112811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Inflammation is a hallmark of many cancers. Macrophages are key participants in innate immunity and important drivers of inflammation. When chronically polarized beyond normal homeostatic responses to infection, injury, or aging, macrophages can express several pro-carcinogenic phenotypes. In this review, evidence supporting polarized macrophages as endogenous sources of carcinogenesis is discussed. In addition, the depletion or modulation of macrophages by small molecule inhibitors and probiotics are reviewed as emerging strategies in cancer prevention. Abstract Inflammation is an essential hallmark of cancer. Macrophages are key innate immune effector cells in chronic inflammation, parainflammation, and inflammaging. Parainflammation is a form of subclinical inflammation associated with a persistent DNA damage response. Inflammaging represents low-grade inflammation due to the dysregulation of innate and adaptive immune responses that occur with aging. Whether induced by infection, injury, or aging, immune dysregulation and chronic macrophage polarization contributes to cancer initiation through the production of proinflammatory chemokines/cytokines and genotoxins and by modulating immune surveillance. This review presents pre-clinical and clinical evidence for polarized macrophages as endogenous cellular carcinogens in the context of chronic inflammation, parainflammation, and inflammaging. Emerging strategies for cancer prevention, including small molecule inhibitors and probiotic approaches, that target macrophage function and phenotype are also discussed.
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Joshi A, Soni A, Acharya S. In vitro models and ex vivo systems used in inflammatory bowel disease. IN VITRO MODELS 2022. [PMID: 37519330 PMCID: PMC9036838 DOI: 10.1007/s44164-022-00017-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic, relapsing gastrointestinal condition. Ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease are types of inflammatory bowel disease. Over many decades, the disease has been a topic of study, with experts still trying to figure out its cause and pathology. Researchers have established many in vivo animal models, in vitro cell lines, and ex vivo systems to understand its cause ultimately and adequately identify a therapy. However, in vivo animal models cannot be regarded as good models for studying IBD since they cannot completely simulate the disease. Furthermore, because species differences are a crucial subject of concern, in vitro cell lines and ex vivo systems can be employed to recreate the condition properly. In vitro models serve as the starting point for biological and medical research. Ex vivo and in vitro models for replicating gut physiology have been developed. This review aims to present a clear understanding of several in vitro and ex vivo models of IBD and provide insights into their benefits and limits and their value in understanding intestinal physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Joshi
- Department of Pharmacology, SSR College of Pharmacy, Union Territory of Dadra 396230 Sayli, Silvassa, India
| | - Arun Soni
- Department of Pharmacology, SSR College of Pharmacy, Union Territory of Dadra 396230 Sayli, Silvassa, India
| | - Sanjeev Acharya
- Department of Pharmacognosy, SSR College of Pharmacy, Union Territory of Dadra 396230 Sayli, Silvassa, India
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Isik Z, Leblebici A, Demir Karaman E, Karaca C, Ellidokuz H, Koc A, Ellidokuz EB, Basbinar Y. In silico identification of novel biomarkers for key players in transition from normal colon tissue to adenomatous polyps. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0267973. [PMID: 35486660 PMCID: PMC9053805 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0267973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Adenomatous polyps of the colon are the most common neoplastic polyps. Although most of adenomatous polyps do not show malign transformation, majority of colorectal carcinomas originate from neoplastic polyps. Therefore, understanding of this transformation process would help in both preventive therapies and evaluation of malignancy risks. This study uncovers alterations in gene expressions as potential biomarkers that are revealed by integration of several network-based approaches. In silico analysis performed on a unified microarray cohort, which is covering 150 normal colon and adenomatous polyp samples. Significant gene modules were obtained by a weighted gene co-expression network analysis. Gene modules with similar profiles were mapped to a colon tissue specific functional interaction network. Several clustering algorithms run on the colon-specific network and the most significant sub-modules between the clusters were identified. The biomarkers were selected by filtering differentially expressed genes which also involve in significant biological processes and pathways. Biomarkers were also validated on two independent datasets based on their differential gene expressions. To the best of our knowledge, such a cascaded network analysis pipeline was implemented for the first time on a large collection of normal colon and polyp samples. We identified significant increases in TLR4 and MSX1 expressions as well as decrease in chemokine profiles with mostly pro-tumoral activities. These biomarkers might appear as both preventive targets and biomarkers for risk evaluation. As a result, this research proposes novel molecular markers that might be alternative to endoscopic approaches for diagnosis of adenomatous polyps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zerrin Isik
- Faculty of Engineering, Department of Computer Engineering, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey
- * E-mail:
| | - Asım Leblebici
- Department of Translational Oncology, Institute of Health Sciences, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Ezgi Demir Karaman
- Department of Computer Engineering, Institute of Natural and Applied Sciences, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Caner Karaca
- Department of Translational Oncology, Institute of Health Sciences, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Hulya Ellidokuz
- Department of Preventive Oncology, Institute of Oncology, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Altug Koc
- Gentan Genetic Medical Genetics Diagnosis Center, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Ender Berat Ellidokuz
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Gastroenterology, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Yasemin Basbinar
- Department of Translational Oncology, Institute of Oncology, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey
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32
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Bernardazzi C, Castelo-Branco MTL, Pêgo B, Ribeiro BE, Rosas SLB, Santana PT, Machado JC, Leal C, Thompson F, Coutinho-Silva R, de Souza HSP. The P2X7 Receptor Promotes Colorectal Inflammation and Tumorigenesis by Modulating Gut Microbiota and the Inflammasome. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23094616. [PMID: 35563010 PMCID: PMC9099551 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23094616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Given the role of the P2X7 receptor (P2X7R) in inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), we investigated its role in the development and progression of colitis-associated colorectal cancer (CA-CRC). Methods: CA-CRC was induced in P2X7R+/+ and P2X7R−/− mice with azoxymethane (AOM) combined with dextran sodium sulfate (DSS). In a therapeutic protocol, P2X7R+/+ mice were treated with a P2X7R-selective inhibitor (A740003). Mice were evaluated with follow-up video endoscopy with endoluminal ultrasound biomicroscopy. Colon tissue was analyzed for histological changes, densities of immune cells, expression of transcription factors, cytokines, genes, DNA methylation, and microbiome composition of fecal samples by sequencing for 16S rRNA. Results: The P2X7R+/+ mice displayed more ulcers, tumors, and greater wall thickness, than the P2X7R−/− and the P2X7R+/+ mice treated with A740003. The P2X7R+/+ mice showed increased accumulation of immune cells, production of proinflammatory cytokines, activation of intracellular signaling pathways, and upregulation of NLRP3 and NLRP12 genes, stabilized after the P2X7R-blockade. Microbial changes were observed in the P2X7R−/− and P2X7R+/+-induced mice, partially reversed by the A740003 treatment. Conclusions: Regulatory mechanisms activated downstream of the P2X7R in combination with signals from a dysbiotic microbiota result in the activation of intracellular signaling pathways and the inflammasome, amplifying the inflammatory response and promoting CA-CRC development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudio Bernardazzi
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA;
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-913, Brazil; (M.T.L.C.-B.); (B.P.); (B.E.R.); (S.L.B.R.); (P.T.S.)
| | - Morgana Teixeira Lima Castelo-Branco
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-913, Brazil; (M.T.L.C.-B.); (B.P.); (B.E.R.); (S.L.B.R.); (P.T.S.)
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-590, Brazil
| | - Beatriz Pêgo
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-913, Brazil; (M.T.L.C.-B.); (B.P.); (B.E.R.); (S.L.B.R.); (P.T.S.)
| | - Beatriz Elias Ribeiro
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-913, Brazil; (M.T.L.C.-B.); (B.P.); (B.E.R.); (S.L.B.R.); (P.T.S.)
| | - Siane Lopes Bittencourt Rosas
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-913, Brazil; (M.T.L.C.-B.); (B.P.); (B.E.R.); (S.L.B.R.); (P.T.S.)
| | - Patrícia Teixeira Santana
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-913, Brazil; (M.T.L.C.-B.); (B.P.); (B.E.R.); (S.L.B.R.); (P.T.S.)
| | - João Carlos Machado
- Biomedical Engineering Program, COPPE, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-901, Brazil;
| | - Camille Leal
- Institute of Biology, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-599, Brazil; (C.L.); (F.T.)
| | - Fabiano Thompson
- Institute of Biology, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-599, Brazil; (C.L.); (F.T.)
| | - Robson Coutinho-Silva
- Institute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-590, Brazil;
| | - Heitor Siffert Pereira de Souza
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-913, Brazil; (M.T.L.C.-B.); (B.P.); (B.E.R.); (S.L.B.R.); (P.T.S.)
- D’Or Institute for Research and Education (IDOR), Rua Diniz Cordeiro 30, Botafogo, Rio de Janeiro 22281-100, Brazil
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +55-21-39382669
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Noor S, Mohammad T, Rub MA, Raza A, Azum N, Yadav DK, Hassan MI, Asiri AM. Biomedical features and therapeutic potential of rosmarinic acid. Arch Pharm Res 2022; 45:205-228. [PMID: 35391712 PMCID: PMC8989115 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-022-01378-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
For decades, the use of secondary metabolites of various herbs has been an attractive strategy in combating human diseases. Rosmarinic acid (RA) is a bioactive phenolic compound commonly found in plants of Lamiaceae and Boraginaceae families. RA is biosynthesized using amino acids tyrosine and phenylalanine via enzyme-catalyzed reactions. However, the chemical synthesis of RA involves an esterification reaction between caffeic acid and 3,4-dihydroxy phenyl lactic acid contributing two phenolic rings to the structure of RA. Several studies have ascertained multiple therapeutic benefits of RA in various diseases, including cancer, diabetes, inflammatory disorders, neurodegenerative disorders, and liver diseases. Many previous scientific papers indicate that RA can be used as an anti-plasmodic, anti-viral and anti-bacterial drug. In addition, due to its high anti-oxidant capacity, this natural polyphenol has recently gained attention for its possible application as a nutraceutical compound in the food industry. Here we provide state-of-the-art, flexible therapeutic potential and biomedical features of RA, its implications and multiple uses. Along with various valuable applications in safeguarding human health, this review further summarizes the therapeutic advantages of RA in various human diseases, including cancer, diabetes, neurodegenerative diseases. Furthermore, the challenges associated with the clinical applicability of RA have also been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saba Noor
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi, 110025, India
| | - Taj Mohammad
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi, 110025, India
| | - Malik Abdul Rub
- Center of Excellence for Advanced Materials Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali Raza
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Jawahar Lal Nehru Medical College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Naved Azum
- Center of Excellence for Advanced Materials Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Dharmendra Kumar Yadav
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University of Medicine and Science, Hambakmoeiro, Yeonsugu, Incheon, 21924, Korea.
| | - Md Imtaiyaz Hassan
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi, 110025, India.
| | - Abdullah M Asiri
- Center of Excellence for Advanced Materials Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
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Maia PDDS, Baião DDS, Nanini HF, da Silva VPF, Frambach LB, Cabral IM, Pêgo B, Ribeiro BE, Pavão MSG, Paschoalin VMF, de Souza HSP, Pierucci APTR. Bioactive Compounds from Pale Ale Beer Powder Attenuate Experimental Colitis in BALB/c Mice. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27041194. [PMID: 35208981 PMCID: PMC8877795 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27041194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Revised: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Phenolic compounds (PCs) present in foods are associated with a decreased risk of developing inflammatory diseases. The aim of this study was to extract and characterize PCs from craft beer powder and evaluate their potential benefits in an experimental model of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). PCs were extracted and quantified from pure beer samples. BALB/c mice received either the beer phenolic extract (BPE) or beer powder fortified with phenolic extract (BPFPE) of PCs daily for 20 days by gavage. Colon samples were collected for histopathological and immunohistochemical analyses. Dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced mice lost more weight, had reduced colon length, and developed more inflammatory changes compared with DSS-induced mice treated with either BPE or BPFPE. In addition, in DSS-induced mice, the densities of CD4- and CD11b-positive cells, apoptotic rates, and activation of NF-κB and p-ERK1/2 MAPK intracellular signaling pathways were higher in those treated with BPE and BPFPE than in those not treated. Pretreatment with the phenolic extract and BPFPE remarkably attenuated DSS-induced colitis. The protective effect of PCs supports further investigation and development of therapies for human IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola D. D. S. Maia
- Basic and Experimental Nutrition Department, Josué de Castro Nutrition Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Avenida Carlos Chagas Filho, 393, Rio de Janeiro 21941-590, Brazil; (P.D.D.S.M.); (V.P.F.d.S.); (L.B.F.); (I.M.C.); (A.P.T.R.P.)
| | - Diego dos Santos Baião
- Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Av. Athos da Silveira Ramos, 149, Rio de Janeiro 21941-909, Brazil; (D.d.S.B.); (V.M.F.P.)
| | - Hayandra F. Nanini
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Clementino Fraga Filho University Hospital, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rua Prof. Rodolpho Paulo Rocco 255, 11th floor, Rio de Janeiro 21941-617, Brazil; (H.F.N.); (B.P.); (B.E.R.)
| | - Victor Paulo F. da Silva
- Basic and Experimental Nutrition Department, Josué de Castro Nutrition Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Avenida Carlos Chagas Filho, 393, Rio de Janeiro 21941-590, Brazil; (P.D.D.S.M.); (V.P.F.d.S.); (L.B.F.); (I.M.C.); (A.P.T.R.P.)
| | - Lissa Bantim Frambach
- Basic and Experimental Nutrition Department, Josué de Castro Nutrition Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Avenida Carlos Chagas Filho, 393, Rio de Janeiro 21941-590, Brazil; (P.D.D.S.M.); (V.P.F.d.S.); (L.B.F.); (I.M.C.); (A.P.T.R.P.)
| | - Iuri Matheus Cabral
- Basic and Experimental Nutrition Department, Josué de Castro Nutrition Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Avenida Carlos Chagas Filho, 393, Rio de Janeiro 21941-590, Brazil; (P.D.D.S.M.); (V.P.F.d.S.); (L.B.F.); (I.M.C.); (A.P.T.R.P.)
| | - Beatriz Pêgo
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Clementino Fraga Filho University Hospital, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rua Prof. Rodolpho Paulo Rocco 255, 11th floor, Rio de Janeiro 21941-617, Brazil; (H.F.N.); (B.P.); (B.E.R.)
| | - Beatriz E. Ribeiro
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Clementino Fraga Filho University Hospital, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rua Prof. Rodolpho Paulo Rocco 255, 11th floor, Rio de Janeiro 21941-617, Brazil; (H.F.N.); (B.P.); (B.E.R.)
| | - Mauro Sérgio Gonçalves Pavão
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry, Clementino Fraga Filho University Hospital, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rua Prof. Rodolpho Paulo Rocco 255, 4th floor, Rio de Janeiro 21941-617, Brazil;
| | - Vania M. F. Paschoalin
- Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Av. Athos da Silveira Ramos, 149, Rio de Janeiro 21941-909, Brazil; (D.d.S.B.); (V.M.F.P.)
| | - Heitor S. P. de Souza
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Clementino Fraga Filho University Hospital, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rua Prof. Rodolpho Paulo Rocco 255, 11th floor, Rio de Janeiro 21941-617, Brazil; (H.F.N.); (B.P.); (B.E.R.)
- D’Or Institute for Research and Education (IDOR), Rua Diniz Cordeiro 30, Botafogo, Rio de Janeiro 22281-100, Brazil
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +55-21-3938-2669
| | - Anna Paola T. R. Pierucci
- Basic and Experimental Nutrition Department, Josué de Castro Nutrition Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Avenida Carlos Chagas Filho, 393, Rio de Janeiro 21941-590, Brazil; (P.D.D.S.M.); (V.P.F.d.S.); (L.B.F.); (I.M.C.); (A.P.T.R.P.)
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Yuan T, Lv S, Zhang W, Tang Y, Chang H, Hu Z, Fang L, Du J, Wu S, Yang X, Guo Y, Guo R, Ge Z, Wang L, Zhang C, Wang R, Cheng W. PF-PLC micelles ameliorate cholestatic liver injury via regulating TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB and PXR/CAR/UGT1A1 signaling pathways in EE-induced rats. Int J Pharm 2022; 615:121480. [PMID: 35041917 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2022.121480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Paeoniflorin (PF) has a certain therapeutic effect on cholestasis liver injury. To further improve the bioavailability of PF and play its pharmacological role in liver protection, PF-phospholipid complex micelles (PF-PLC micelles) were prepared based on our previous research on PF-PLC. The protective effects of PF and PF-PLC micelles on cholestasis liver injury induced by 17α-ethynylestradiol (EE) were compared, and the possible mechanisms were further explored. Herein, we showed that PF-PLC micelles effectively improved liver function, alleviated liver pathological damage, and localized infiltration of inflammatory cells. Mechanism studies indicated that PF-PLC micelles treatment could suppress the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB pathway, and further reduce the levels of pro-inflammatory factors. Meanwhile, our experimental results demonstrated that the beneficial effect of PF-PLC micelles on EE-induced cholestasis may be achieved by the upregulation of nuclear receptors and metabolic enzymes (PXR/CAR/UGT1A1). All these results indicate that PF-PLC micelles have great potential in the treatment of cholestatic liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tengteng Yuan
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, Anhui, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Preparation Technology and Application, Hefei 230012, Anhui, China; Engineering Technology Research Center of Modern Pharmaceutical Preparation, Anhui Province, Hefei 230012, Anhui, China
| | - Shujie Lv
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, Anhui, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Preparation Technology and Application, Hefei 230012, Anhui, China; Engineering Technology Research Center of Modern Pharmaceutical Preparation, Anhui Province, Hefei 230012, Anhui, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, Anhui, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Preparation Technology and Application, Hefei 230012, Anhui, China; Engineering Technology Research Center of Modern Pharmaceutical Preparation, Anhui Province, Hefei 230012, Anhui, China
| | - Yanan Tang
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, Anhui, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Preparation Technology and Application, Hefei 230012, Anhui, China; Engineering Technology Research Center of Modern Pharmaceutical Preparation, Anhui Province, Hefei 230012, Anhui, China
| | - Hong Chang
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, Anhui, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Preparation Technology and Application, Hefei 230012, Anhui, China; Engineering Technology Research Center of Modern Pharmaceutical Preparation, Anhui Province, Hefei 230012, Anhui, China
| | - Zihan Hu
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, Anhui, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Preparation Technology and Application, Hefei 230012, Anhui, China; Engineering Technology Research Center of Modern Pharmaceutical Preparation, Anhui Province, Hefei 230012, Anhui, China
| | - Liang Fang
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, Anhui, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Preparation Technology and Application, Hefei 230012, Anhui, China; Engineering Technology Research Center of Modern Pharmaceutical Preparation, Anhui Province, Hefei 230012, Anhui, China
| | - Jiaojiao Du
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, Anhui, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Preparation Technology and Application, Hefei 230012, Anhui, China; Engineering Technology Research Center of Modern Pharmaceutical Preparation, Anhui Province, Hefei 230012, Anhui, China
| | - Sifan Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, Anhui, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Preparation Technology and Application, Hefei 230012, Anhui, China; Engineering Technology Research Center of Modern Pharmaceutical Preparation, Anhui Province, Hefei 230012, Anhui, China
| | - Xinli Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, Anhui, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Preparation Technology and Application, Hefei 230012, Anhui, China; Engineering Technology Research Center of Modern Pharmaceutical Preparation, Anhui Province, Hefei 230012, Anhui, China
| | - Yangfu Guo
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, Anhui, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Preparation Technology and Application, Hefei 230012, Anhui, China; Engineering Technology Research Center of Modern Pharmaceutical Preparation, Anhui Province, Hefei 230012, Anhui, China
| | - Ruihan Guo
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, Anhui, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Preparation Technology and Application, Hefei 230012, Anhui, China; Engineering Technology Research Center of Modern Pharmaceutical Preparation, Anhui Province, Hefei 230012, Anhui, China
| | - Zongrui Ge
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, Anhui, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Preparation Technology and Application, Hefei 230012, Anhui, China; Engineering Technology Research Center of Modern Pharmaceutical Preparation, Anhui Province, Hefei 230012, Anhui, China
| | - Lei Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, Anhui, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Formula, Hefei 230012, China
| | - Caiyun Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, Anhui, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Preparation Technology and Application, Hefei 230012, Anhui, China; Engineering Technology Research Center of Modern Pharmaceutical Preparation, Anhui Province, Hefei 230012, Anhui, China.
| | - Rulin Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, Anhui, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Formula, Hefei 230012, China.
| | - Weidong Cheng
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, Anhui, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Formula, Hefei 230012, China.
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Rosmarinic Acid and Ulvan from Terrestrial and Marine Sources in Anti-Microbial Bionanosystems and Biomaterials. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/app11199249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
In order to increase their sustainability, antimicrobial renewable molecules are fundamental additions to consumer goods. Rosmarinic acid is extracted from several terrestrial plants and represents an effective anti-microbial agent. Ulvan, extracted from algae, is an anti-microbial polysaccharide. The present review is dedicated to discussing the sources and the extraction methodologies for obtaining rosmarinic acid and ulvan. Moreover, the preparation of bioanosystems, integrating the two molecules with organic or inorganic substrates, are reviewed as methodologies to increase their effectiveness and stability. Finally, the possibility of preparing functional biomaterials and anti-microbial final products is discussed, considering scientific literature. The performed analysis indicated that the production of both molecules is not yet performed with mature industrial technologies. Nevertheless, both molecules could potentially be used in the packaging, biomedical, pharmaceutical, cosmetic, sanitary and personal care sectors, despite some research being required for developing functional materials with specific properties to pave the way for many more applications.
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Jin BR, Kim HJ, Sim SA, Lee M, An HJ. Anti-Obesity Drug Orlistat Alleviates Western-Diet-Driven Colitis-Associated Colon Cancer via Inhibition of STAT3 and NF-κB-Mediated Signaling. Cells 2021; 10:cells10082060. [PMID: 34440829 PMCID: PMC8394553 DOI: 10.3390/cells10082060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Many researchers have argued that Western diet (WD)-induced obesity accelerates inflammation and that inflammation is a link between obesity and colorectal cancer (CRC). This study investigated the effect of WDs on the development and progression of colitis-associated colon cancer (CAC) and the efficacy of the anti-obesity agent orlistat on WD-driven CAC in mice. The results revealed that the WD exacerbated CAC in azoxymethane (AOM)/dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced mice, which showed increased mortality, tumor formation, and aggravation of tumor progression. Furthermore, WD feeding also upregulated inflammation, hyperplasia, and tumorigenicity levels through the activation of STAT3 and NF-κB signaling in an AOM/DSS-induced mouse model. In contrast, treatment with orlistat increased the survival rate and alleviated the symptoms of CAC, including a recovery in colon length and tumor production decreases in WD-driven AOM/DSS-induced mice. Additionally, orlistat inhibited the extent of inflammation, hyperplasia, and tumor progression via the inhibition of STAT3 and NF-κB activation. Treatment with orlistat also suppressed the β-catenin, slug, XIAP, Cdk4, cyclin D, and Bcl-2 protein levels in WD-driven AOM/DSS-induced mice. The results of this study indicate that orlistat alleviates colon cancer promotion in WD-driven CAC mice by suppressing inflammation, especially by inhibiting STAT3 and NF-κB activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo-Ram Jin
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Korean Medicine, Sangji University, 83 Sangjidae-gil, Wonju-si 26339, Gangwon-do, Korea; (B.-R.J.); (H.-J.K.); (S.-A.S.)
| | - Hyo-Jung Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Korean Medicine, Sangji University, 83 Sangjidae-gil, Wonju-si 26339, Gangwon-do, Korea; (B.-R.J.); (H.-J.K.); (S.-A.S.)
| | - Seo-Ah Sim
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Korean Medicine, Sangji University, 83 Sangjidae-gil, Wonju-si 26339, Gangwon-do, Korea; (B.-R.J.); (H.-J.K.); (S.-A.S.)
| | - Minho Lee
- Department of Life Science, Dongguk University-Seoul, 32 Dongguk-ro, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si 10326, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
- Correspondence: (M.L.); (H.-J.A.); Tel.: +82-33-738-7503 (H.-J.A.); Fax: +82-33-730-0679 (H.-J.A.)
| | - Hyo-Jin An
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Korean Medicine, Sangji University, 83 Sangjidae-gil, Wonju-si 26339, Gangwon-do, Korea; (B.-R.J.); (H.-J.K.); (S.-A.S.)
- Correspondence: (M.L.); (H.-J.A.); Tel.: +82-33-738-7503 (H.-J.A.); Fax: +82-33-730-0679 (H.-J.A.)
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