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Poletti M, Raballo A. Ontogenesis of self-disorders in the schizophrenia spectrum: A phenomenological neuro-developmental model. Schizophr Res 2024; 272:26-35. [PMID: 39181008 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2024.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Revised: 06/28/2024] [Accepted: 08/14/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024]
Abstract
The concept of basic Self-disorders (SD) captures the experiential aspects associated with vulnerability to schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSD). SD emerge prior to, and constitute the underlying structure for, the emergence of major diagnostic symptoms, including positive psychotic ones. SD are also detectable in populations with familial risk for SSD. This paper proposes a two-stage phenomenological-developmental model, exploring the early deficit in multisensory integration and their impact on the ontogeny of the Minimal Self in the first years of life. It also examines subsequent emergence of schizotaxic vulnerability, which later manifests as typical anomalies of subjectivity, such as basic symptoms and self-disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Poletti
- Department of Mental Health and Pathological Addiction, Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry Service, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Andrea Raballo
- Chair of Psychiatry, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università della Svizzera Italiana, Lugano, Switzerland; Cantonal Sociopsychiatric Organisation, Public Health Division, Department of Health and Social Care, Repubblica e Cantone Ticino, Mendrisio, Switzerland.
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Goetschalckx M, Moumdjian L, Feys P, Rameckers E. Interlimb coordination and spatiotemporal variability during walking and running in children with developmental coordination disorder and typically developing children. Hum Mov Sci 2024; 96:103252. [PMID: 39018699 DOI: 10.1016/j.humov.2024.103252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/19/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A different interlimb coordination and higher variability in movement patterns is evident in children with Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD). The impact of DCD on interlimb coordination during walking and running is unknown. AIM To assess interlimb coordination and spatiotemporal variability during overground walking and running in children with and without DCD. METHODS Children with DCD and typically developing children (TDC), from 8 to 12 years participated. Children were equipped with portable sensors. Participants walked and ran for 3 min in an oval-path at their comfortable pace. Interlimb coordination, expressed by the phase coordination index (PCI), and spatiotemporal variability (coefficient of variance (CoV)) were collected. RESULTS Twenty-one children with DCD and 23 TDC participated. During walking, PCI showed similar values in both groups, but a higher spatiotemporal variability was observed in children with DCD. During running, PCI was higher (reduced coordination) in children with DCD than TDC and a higher spatiotemporal variability was shown. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Only during running, interlimb coordination of children with DCD was lower than TDC. During both walking and running tasks, spatiotemporal variability was higher in DCD. Current results implicate that difficulties in children with DCD is more prominent when motor coordination is more challenged. WHAT THIS PAPER ADDS This paper adds to the literature on coordination and gait pattern in children with Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) through a cross-sectional analysis of interlimb coordination and variability of spatiotemporal measures of overground walking and running. Overground walking and running were performed in a large oval-path allowing the assessment of coordination and gait patterns in an ecological valid set-up. Our results indicate that during a more demanding task, namely running, children with DCD display a less coordinated running pattern, expressed by a significantly higher phase coordination index, than typically developing peers. During walking, the interlimb coordination was similar between both groups. The current result is in accordance with the hybrid model of DCD that states that motor coordination difficulties in DCD are dpendent on the interaction of the task, individual and environment. This highlights the importance of implementing running assessments in children with DCD and the need for task-oriented running training in clinical practice The study also supports previous findings that children with DCD show a higher variability in their gait pattern of both walking and running, expressed by higher coefficient of variance of spatiotemporal measures, than typically developing peers. Further understanding in the normal development of interlimb coordination during walking and running from childhood into adulthood will enhance interpretations of the phase coordination index in children with and without DCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mieke Goetschalckx
- REVAL Rehabilitation Research Center, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium.
| | - Lousin Moumdjian
- REVAL Rehabilitation Research Center, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium; IPEM, Institute of Psychoacoustic and Electronic music, Faculty of Art and Philosophy, Gent University, Gent, Belgium
| | - Peter Feys
- REVAL Rehabilitation Research Center, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Eugene Rameckers
- REVAL Rehabilitation Research Center, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium; CAPHRI, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands; Centre of Expertise, Adelante Rehabilitation centre, Valkenburg, the Netherlands
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Bartov R, Wagner M, Shvalb N, Hochhauser M. Evaluating handwriting in children with developmental coordination disorder (DCD): Temporal, spatial, pressure and grip-force measures. RESEARCH IN DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES 2024; 151:104765. [PMID: 38861795 DOI: 10.1016/j.ridd.2024.104765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Writing involves complex sensorimotor and biomechanical processes that regulate pressure on the writing surface. Researchers analyze writing to understand kinetics and kinematics by evaluating temporal, spatial, and pressure aspects, yet discerning writing surface pressure and pen-grip force remains challenging. AIMS To compare handwriting kinetics (pen grip-force and surface pressure) and kinematics (temporal-spatial) of children with developmental coordination disorder (DCD) with those of typically developing (TD) children. METHODS AND PROCEDURES Twenty-seven children with DCD aged 7-12 years and 27 TD children matched by age and gender copied a 29-word passage onto a computerized tablet. Temporal, spatial and surface pressure as well as pen grip-force were measured with a tablet and a wearable device respectively. OUTCOMES AND RESULTS The DCD group displayed significantly longer total writing time, mean letter time, and greater letter height, width, variance, spacing, area, and erasures than the TD group. Although there were no significant between-group differences in the surface pressure or maintaining pressure, the DCD group displayed weaker grip-force, p = .01, with greater variance. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS The DCD group's weaker grip-force dynamics correlated with reduced legibility, form, and prolonged writing duration, revealing insights into handwriting mechanisms, particularly grip force, crucial for effective clinical interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Bartov
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Ariel University, Israel; Department of Special Education, Orot Israel College, Israel.
| | - Michael Wagner
- Department of Industrial Engineering and Management, Faculty of Engineering, Ariel University, Israel
| | - Nir Shvalb
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Mechatronics, Faculty of Engineering, Ariel University, Israel
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Carrillo C, Chang A, Armstrong H, Cairney J, McAuley JD, Trainor LJ. Auditory rhythm facilitates perception and action in children at risk for developmental coordination disorder. Sci Rep 2024; 14:12203. [PMID: 38806554 PMCID: PMC11133375 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-62322-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) is a common neurodevelopmental disorder featuring deficits in motor coordination and motor timing among children. Deficits in rhythmic tracking, including perceptually tracking and synchronizing action with auditory rhythms, have been studied in a wide range of motor disorders, providing a foundation for developing rehabilitation programs incorporating auditory rhythms. We tested whether DCD also features these auditory-motor deficits among 7-10 year-old children. In a speech recognition task with no overt motor component, modulating the speech rhythm interfered more with the performance of children at risk for DCD than typically developing (TD) children. A set of auditory-motor tapping tasks further showed that, although children at risk for DCD performed worse than TD children in general, the presence of an auditory rhythmic cue (isochronous metronome or music) facilitated the temporal consistency of tapping. Finally, accuracy in the recognition of rhythmically modulated speech and tapping consistency correlated with performance on the standardized motor assessment. Together, the results show auditory rhythmic regularity benefits auditory perception and auditory-motor coordination in children at risk for DCD. This provides a foundation for future clinical studies to develop evidence-based interventions involving auditory-motor rhythmic coordination for children with DCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chantal Carrillo
- Department of Psychology, Neuroscience, and Behaviour, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
| | - Andrew Chang
- Department of Psychology, Neuroscience, and Behaviour, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Department of Psychology, New York University, New York, USA
| | - Hannah Armstrong
- Department of Psychology, Neuroscience, and Behaviour, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - John Cairney
- Infant and Child Health (INCH) Lab, Department of Family Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - J Devin McAuley
- Department of Psychology, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA
| | - Laurel J Trainor
- Department of Psychology, Neuroscience, and Behaviour, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- McMaster Institute for Music and the Mind, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Rotman Research Institute, Baycrest Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Busquets A, Ferrer-Uris B, Durduran T, Bešlija F, Añón-Hidalgo M, Angulo-Barroso R. Study protocol to examine the effects of acute exercise on motor learning and brain activity in children with developmental coordination disorder (ExLe-Brain-DCD). PLoS One 2024; 19:e0302242. [PMID: 38722962 PMCID: PMC11081356 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0302242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Developmental coordination disorder (DCD) is one of the most prevalent pediatric chronic conditions. Without proper intervention, significant delays in motor skill performance and learning may persist until adulthood. Moderate-to-vigorous physical exercise has been proven to improve motor learning (adaptation and consolidation) in children with or without disorders. However, the effect of a short bout of physical exercise on motor adaptation and consolidation in children with DCD has not been examined. Furthermore, the role of perceptual-motor integration and attention as mediators of learning has not been examined via neuroimaging in this population. OBJECTIVES Therefore, the primary aims of this project will be to compare children with and without DCD to (a) examine the effect of acute exercise on motor learning (adaptation and consolidation) while performing a rotational visuo-motor adaptation task (rVMA), and (b) explore cortical activation in the dorsolateral- and ventrolateral-prefrontal cortex areas while learning the rVMA task under rest or post-exercise conditions. METHODS One hundred twenty children will be recruited (60 DCD, 60 controls) and within-cohort randomly assigned to either exercise (13-minute shuttle run task) or rest prior to performing the rVMA task. Adaptation and consolidation will be evaluated via two error variables and three retention tests (1h, 24h and 7 days post adaptation). Cortical activation will be registered via functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) during the baseline, adaptation, and consolidation. DISCUSSION We expect to find exercise benefits on motor learning and attention so that children with DCD profiles will be closer to those of children with typical development. The results of this project will provide further evidence to: (a) better characterize children with DCD for the design of educational materials, and (b) establish acute exercise as a potential intervention to improve motor learning and attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albert Busquets
- Institut Nacional d’Educació Física de Catalunya, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Blai Ferrer-Uris
- Institut Nacional d’Educació Física de Catalunya, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Turgut Durduran
- Institut de Ciències Fotòniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Castelldefels, Spain
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Faruk Bešlija
- Institut de Ciències Fotòniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Castelldefels, Spain
| | - Manuel Añón-Hidalgo
- Institut Nacional d’Educació Física de Catalunya, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rosa Angulo-Barroso
- Institut Nacional d’Educació Física de Catalunya, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Kinesiology, California State University, Northridge, California, United States of America
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Gauduel T, Blondet C, Gonzalez-Monge S, Bonaiuto J, Gomez A. Alteration of body representation in typical and atypical motor development. Dev Sci 2024; 27:e13455. [PMID: 37926863 DOI: 10.1111/desc.13455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Developmental coordination disorder (DCD) impacts the quality of life and ability to perform coordinated actions in 5% of school-aged children. The quality of body representations of individuals with DCD has been questioned, but never assessed. We hypothesize that children with DCD have imprecise body representations in the sensory and motor domains. Twenty neurotypical children, seventeen children with DCD (8-12 years old) and twenty neurotypical adults (25-45 years old) performed both sensory and motor body representation tasks: a limb identification and a limb movement task. We observed lower accuracy in the sensory task but not in the motor task. In both tasks, we observe a larger amplitude of errors, or synkinesis, in children with DCD than in neurotypical children. In neurotypical children, accuracy was lower than in neurotypical adults in the motor and sensory task, and the amplitude of sensory errors and synkinesis was higher than in neurotypical adults. Using a linear regression model, we showed that sensory accuracy is a good predictor of synkinesis production, and that synkinesis production is a good predictor of sensory accuracy, as can be expected by the perception-action loop. Results support the hypothesis of an imprecision of body representation in DCD. We suggest that this imprecision arises from noise in the body representation used at the level of internal models of action. Future studies may assess whether slower plasticity of body representations, initial imprecision, or both may account for this observation. At the clinical level, prevention strategies targeting body representation in early childhood are strategically important to limit such impairments. RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS: Body representation is impaired in children with DCD and has a significant cost in terms of the accuracy of sensory identification of body parts and associated movements. Inaccuracies in the body representation measured in perception and in action (error amplitude and synkinesis) are related in both NT children and adults. In typical development, we provide evidence of a strong link between body schema and body image.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Gauduel
- Lyon Neuroscience Research Center (CRNL), INSERM U1028-CNRS UMR 5292, University of Lyon, Bron, France
| | - Camille Blondet
- Lyon Neuroscience Research Center (CRNL), INSERM U1028-CNRS UMR 5292, University of Lyon, Bron, France
| | - Sibylle Gonzalez-Monge
- Lyon Neuroscience Research Center (CRNL), INSERM U1028-CNRS UMR 5292, University of Lyon, Bron, France
| | - James Bonaiuto
- CNRS UMR 5229, Institut des Sciences Cognitives Marc Jeannerod, Lyon, France
| | - Alice Gomez
- Lyon Neuroscience Research Center (CRNL), INSERM U1028-CNRS UMR 5292, University of Lyon, Bron, France
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Farhat F, Ammar A, Mezghani N, Kammoun MM, Trabelsi K, Jahrami H, Gharbi A, Sallemi L, Rebai H, Moalla W, Smits-Engelsman B. Spatial Accuracy and Variability in Dart Throwing in Children with Developmental Coordination Disorder and the Relationship with Ball Skill Items. Eur J Investig Health Psychol Educ 2024; 14:1028-1043. [PMID: 38667822 PMCID: PMC11049260 DOI: 10.3390/ejihpe14040067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to examine precision and variability in dart throwing performance and the relationships between these outcomes and bouncing, throwing and catching tasks in children with and without DCD. Children between the ages of 8 and 10 years (n = 165) were classified according to results obtained on the Movement Assessment Battery for Children (MABC-2) and divided into three groups: 65 children with severe DCD (s-DCD), 45 with moderate DCD (m-DCD) and 55 typically developing children (TD). All children performed the dart throwing test and the ball skill items of the Performance and Fitness Test (PERF-FIT). The accuracy and variability of dart throwing tasks were significantly different between TD and s-DCD (p < 0.01), and also between m-DCD and s-DCD (p < 0.01). Participants with s-DCD were also found to perform significantly worse on all PERF-FIT ball skill items than m-DCD (p < 0.001), and m-DCD were significantly poorer than TD (p < 0.001). The dart score and coefficient of variation of the long-distance task appear to be significant predictors for the ball skills and explain between 24 to 29% of their variance. In conclusion, poor results in aiming tasks using darts in children with DCD corroborate with the explanation of deficits in predictive control since the tasks require ballistic movements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faiçal Farhat
- Research Laboratory: Education, Motricity, Sport and Health, EM2S, LR19JS01, High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax 3000, Tunisia; (F.F.); (M.M.K.); (K.T.); (L.S.); (W.M.)
| | - Achraf Ammar
- High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax 3000, Tunisia; (A.G.); (H.R.)
- Department of Training and Movement Science, Institute of Sport Science, Johannes-Gutenberg-University Mainz, 55122 Mainz, Germany
- Research Laboratory, Molecular Bases of Human Pathology, LR19ES13, Faculty of Medicine of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax 3000, Tunisia
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory in Neurosciences, Physiology and Psychology: Physical Activity, Health and Learning (LINP2), UFR STAPS, UPL, Paris Nanterre University, 92000 Nanterre, France
| | - Nourhen Mezghani
- Department of Sport Sciences, College of Education, Taif University, Taif 21974, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mohamed Moncef Kammoun
- Research Laboratory: Education, Motricity, Sport and Health, EM2S, LR19JS01, High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax 3000, Tunisia; (F.F.); (M.M.K.); (K.T.); (L.S.); (W.M.)
- High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax 3000, Tunisia; (A.G.); (H.R.)
| | - Khaled Trabelsi
- Research Laboratory: Education, Motricity, Sport and Health, EM2S, LR19JS01, High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax 3000, Tunisia; (F.F.); (M.M.K.); (K.T.); (L.S.); (W.M.)
- High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax 3000, Tunisia; (A.G.); (H.R.)
| | - Haitham Jahrami
- College of Medicine and Medical Science, Arabian Gulf University, Manama 293, Bahrain;
| | - Adnene Gharbi
- High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax 3000, Tunisia; (A.G.); (H.R.)
- Physical Activity, Sport and Health Research Unit, National Observatory of Sport, Tunis 1003, Tunisia
| | - Lassad Sallemi
- Research Laboratory: Education, Motricity, Sport and Health, EM2S, LR19JS01, High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax 3000, Tunisia; (F.F.); (M.M.K.); (K.T.); (L.S.); (W.M.)
- High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax 3000, Tunisia; (A.G.); (H.R.)
| | - Haithem Rebai
- High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax 3000, Tunisia; (A.G.); (H.R.)
- Sports Performance Optimization Research Laboratory (LR09SEP01), National Center for Sports Medicine and Science (CNMSS), Tunis 1003, Tunisia
| | - Wassim Moalla
- Research Laboratory: Education, Motricity, Sport and Health, EM2S, LR19JS01, High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax 3000, Tunisia; (F.F.); (M.M.K.); (K.T.); (L.S.); (W.M.)
- High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax 3000, Tunisia; (A.G.); (H.R.)
| | - Bouwien Smits-Engelsman
- Physical Activity, Sport and Recreation, Faculty Health Sciences, North-West University, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa;
- Department of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7925, South Africa
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Gentile AE, Rinella S, Desogus E, Verrelli CM, Iosa M, Perciavalle V, Ruggieri M, Polizzi A. Motor imagery for paediatric neurorehabilitation: how much do we know? Perspectives from a systematic review. Front Hum Neurosci 2024; 18:1245707. [PMID: 38571523 PMCID: PMC10987782 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2024.1245707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Motor Imagery (MI) is a cognitive process consisting in mental simulation of body movements without executing physical actions: its clinical use has been investigated prevalently in adults with neurological disorders. Objectives Review of the best-available evidence on the use and efficacy of MI interventions for neurorehabilitation purposes in common and rare childhood neurological disorders. Methods systematic literature search conducted according to PRISMA by using the Scopus, PsycArticles, Cinahl, PUBMED, Web of Science (Clarivate), EMBASE, PsychINFO, and COCHRANE databases, with levels of evidence scored by OCEBM and PEDro Scales. Results Twenty-two original studies were retrieved and included for the analysis; MI was the unique or complementary rehabilitative treatment in 476 individuals (aged 5 to 18 years) with 10 different neurological conditions including, cerebral palsies, stroke, coordination disorders, intellectual disabilities, brain and/or spinal cord injuries, autism, pain syndromes, and hyperactivity. The sample size ranged from single case reports to cohorts and control groups. Treatment lasted 2 days to 6 months with 1 to 24 sessions. MI tasks were conventional, graded or ad-hoc. MI measurement tools included movement assessment batteries, mental chronometry tests, scales, and questionnaires, EEG, and EMG. Overall, the use of MI was stated as effective in 19/22, and uncertain in the remnant studies. Conclusion MI could be a reliable supportive/add-on (home-based) rehabilitative tool for pediatric neurorehabilitation; its clinical use, in children, is highly dependent on the complexity of MI mechanisms, which are related to the underlying neurodevelopmental disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amalia Egle Gentile
- National Centre for Rare Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità (ISS), Rome, Italy
| | - Sergio Rinella
- Department of Educational Science, Chair of Pediatrics, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Eleonora Desogus
- National Centre for Rare Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità (ISS), Rome, Italy
| | | | - Marco Iosa
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
- Santa Lucia Foundation (IRCCS), Rome, Italy
| | | | - Martino Ruggieri
- Unit of Clinical Pediatrics, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Agata Polizzi
- Department of Educational Science, Chair of Pediatrics, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
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Subara-Zukic E, McGuckian TB, Cole MH, Steenbergen B, Wilson PH. Locomotor-cognitive dual-tasking in children with developmental coordination disorder. Front Psychol 2024; 15:1279427. [PMID: 38510308 PMCID: PMC10951910 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1279427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Children with Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) demonstrate deficits in predictive motor control and aspects of cognitive control compared with their typically developing (TD) peers. Adjustment to dynamic environments depends on both aspects of control and the deficits for children with DCD may constrain their ability to perform daily actions that involve dual-tasking. Under the assumption that motor-cognitive integration is compromised in children with DCD, we examined proportional dual-task costs using a novel locomotor-cognitive dual-task paradigm that enlisted augmented reality. We expect proportional dual-task performance costs to be greater for children with DCD compared to their TD peers. Methods Participants were 34 children aged 6-12 years (16 TD, 18 DCD) who walked along a straight 12 m path under single- and dual-task conditions, the cognitive task being visual discrimination under simple or complex stimulus conditions presented via augmented reality. Dual-task performance was measured in two ways: first, proportional dual-task costs (pDTC) were computed for cognitive and gait outcomes and, second, within-trial costs (p-WTC) were measured as the difference on gait outcomes between pre- and post-stimulus presentation. Results On measures of pDTC, TD children increased their double-limb support time when walking in response to a dual-task, while the children with DCD increased their locomotor velocity. On p-WTC, both groups increased their gait variability (step length and step width) when walking in response to a dual-task, of which the TD group had a larger proportional change than the DCD group. Greater pDTCs on motor rather than cognitive outcomes were consistent across groups and method of dual-task performance measurement. Discussion Contrary to predictions, our results failed to support dramatic differences in locomotor-cognitive dual-task performance between children with DCD and TD, with both groups tending to priorities the cognitive over the motor task. Inclusion of a within-trial calculation of dual-task interference revealed an expectancy effect for both groups in relation to an impending visual stimulus. It is recommended that dual-task paradigms in the future continue to use augmented reality to present the cognitive task and consider motor tasks of sufficient complexity to probe the limits of performance in children with DCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Subara-Zukic
- Healthy Brain and Mind Research Center, School of Behavioral and Health Sciences, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Thomas B. McGuckian
- Healthy Brain and Mind Research Center, School of Behavioral and Health Sciences, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Michael H. Cole
- Healthy Brain and Mind Research Center, School of Behavioral and Health Sciences, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Bert Steenbergen
- Behavioral Science Institute, Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Peter Henry Wilson
- Healthy Brain and Mind Research Center, School of Behavioral and Health Sciences, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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Bonthrone AF, Green D, Morgan AT, Mankad K, Clark CA, Liégeois FJ. Attention and motor profiles in children with developmental coordination disorder: A neuropsychological and neuroimaging investigation. Dev Med Child Neurol 2024; 66:362-378. [PMID: 37667426 PMCID: PMC10952571 DOI: 10.1111/dmcn.15745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
AIM This study aimed to (1) quantify attention and executive functioning in children with developmental coordination disorder (DCD), (2) assess whether some children with DCD are more likely to show attention difficulties, and (3) characterize brain correlates of motor and attention deficits. METHOD Fifty-three children (36 with DCD and 17 without) aged 8 to 10 years underwent T1-weighted and diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging, and standardized attention and motor assessments. Parents completed questionnaires of executive functioning and symptoms of inattention and hyperactivity. We assessed regional cortical thickness and surface area, and cerebellar, callosal, and primary motor tract structure. RESULTS Analyses of covariance and one-sample t-tests identified impaired attention, non-motor processing speed, and executive functioning in children with DCD, yet partial Spearman's rank correlation coefficients revealed these were unrelated to one another or the type or severity of the motor deficit. Robust regression analyses revealed that cortical morphology in the posterior cingulate was associated with both gross motor skills and inattentive symptoms in children with DCD, while gross motor skills were also associated with left corticospinal tract (CST) morphology. INTERPRETATION Children with DCD may benefit from routine attention and hyperactivity assessments. Alterations in the posterior cingulate and CST may be linked to impaired forward modelling during movements in children with DCD. Overall, alterations in these regions may explain the high rate of non-motor impairments in children with DCD. WHAT THIS PAPER ADDS Children with developmental coordination disorder have difficulties in attention, processing speed, and executive functioning. Non-motor impairments were not interrelated or correlated with the type or severity of motor deficit. Posterior cingulate morphology was associated with gross motor skills and inattention. Gross motor skills were also associated with left corticospinal tract morphology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra F. Bonthrone
- Clinical Systems Neuroscience Section, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child HealthUCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child HealthLondonUK
| | - Dido Green
- Department of RehabilitationJönköping UniversityJönköpingSweden
- Royal Free London NHS Foundation TrustLondonUK
- Department of Health SciencesBrunel University LondonUxbridgeUK
| | - Angela T. Morgan
- Speech and Language GroupMurdoch Children's Research InstituteMelbourneParkville, VICAustralia
- Department of Audiology and Speech PathologyThe University of MelbourneMelbourneParkville, VICAustralia
| | - Kshitij Mankad
- Radiology DepartmentGreat Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation TrustLondonUK
| | - Christopher A. Clark
- Clinical Systems Neuroscience Section, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child HealthUCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child HealthLondonUK
| | - Frédérique J. Liégeois
- Clinical Systems Neuroscience Section, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child HealthUCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child HealthLondonUK
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Martel M, Finos L, Bahmad S, Koun E, Salemme R, Sonié S, Fourneret P, Schmitz C, Roy AC. Motor deficits in autism differ from that of developmental coordination disorder. AUTISM : THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RESEARCH AND PRACTICE 2024; 28:415-432. [PMID: 37226824 DOI: 10.1177/13623613231171980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
LAY ABSTRACT A vast majority of individuals with autism spectrum disorder experience impairments in motor skills. Those are often labelled as additional developmental coordination disorder despite the lack of studies comparing both disorders. Consequently, motor skills rehabilitation programmes in autism are often not specific but rather consist in standard programmes for developmental coordination disorder. Here, we compared motor performance in three groups of children: a control group, an autism spectrum disorder group and a developmental coordination disorder group. Despite similar level of motor skills evaluated by the standard movement assessment battery for children, in a Reach-to-Displace Task, children with autism spectrum disorder and developmental coordination disorder showed specific motor control deficits. Children with autism spectrum disorder failed to anticipate the object properties, but could correct their movement as well as typically developing children. In contrast, children with developmental coordination disorder were atypically slow, but showed a spared anticipation. Our study has important clinical implications as motor skills rehabilitations are crucial to both populations. Specifically, our findings suggest that individuals with autism spectrum disorder would benefit from therapies aiming at improving their anticipation, maybe through the support of their preserved representations and use of sensory information. Conversely, individuals with developmental coordination disorder would benefit from a focus on the use of sensory information in a timely fashion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Martel
- Laboratoire Dynamique Du Langage, CNRS UMR5596, Université Lyon 2, Lyon, France
| | - Livio Finos
- Department of Statistical Sciences, University of Padua, Italy
| | - Salam Bahmad
- Laboratoire Dynamique Du Langage, CNRS UMR5596, Université Lyon 2, Lyon, France
- Lyon Neuroscience Research Center CRNL; INSERM U1028, CNRS UMR5292; ImpAct Team, Lyon, France
- University Lyon 1, France
| | - Eric Koun
- Lyon Neuroscience Research Center CRNL; INSERM U1028, CNRS UMR5292; ImpAct Team, Lyon, France
- University Lyon 1, France
| | - Romeo Salemme
- Lyon Neuroscience Research Center CRNL; INSERM U1028, CNRS UMR5292; ImpAct Team, Lyon, France
- University Lyon 1, France
| | - Sandrine Sonié
- University Lyon 1, France
- Rhône-Alpes Autism Resource Center (CRA-RA), France
- Le Vinatier Hospital Center, France Lyon Neuroscience
- Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, CRNL; INSERM U1028; CNRS UMR5292; COPHY Team, Lyon, France
| | - Pierre Fourneret
- Service Psychopathologie du Développement, HFME, Hospices civils de Lyon, France
| | - Christina Schmitz
- University Lyon 1, France
- Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, CRNL; INSERM U1028; CNRS UMR5292; COPHY Team, Lyon, France
| | - Alice Catherine Roy
- Laboratoire Dynamique Du Langage, CNRS UMR5596, Université Lyon 2, Lyon, France
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12
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Steenbergen B, Valtr L, Dunford C, Prunty M, Bekhuis H, Temlali TY, van Abswoude F, Lust JM, Warlop G, Augustijn M, Smits-Engelsman BCM, Wilson PH. Awareness about developmental coordination disorder. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1345257. [PMID: 38362216 PMCID: PMC10867205 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1345257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Abstract
The present paper is designed to promote awareness of DCD outside the academic world. With a prevalence of 5-6% it is one of the most common disorders of child development. It is therefore surprising that so little is known about it among professionals in child healthcare and education. Parents have expressed frustration about this lack of awareness, including the general public. The general aim of this paper was to describe those critical aspects of DCD that will promote awareness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bert Steenbergen
- Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Ludvík Valtr
- Faculty of Physical Culture, Palacký University, Olomouc, Czechia
| | - Carolyn Dunford
- Department of Health Sciences, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, United Kingdom
| | - Melissa Prunty
- Department of Health Sciences, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, United Kingdom
| | - Hidde Bekhuis
- Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | | | - Femke van Abswoude
- Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Jessica M. Lust
- Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Griet Warlop
- Department of Movement and Sports Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Mireille Augustijn
- Department of Movement and Sports Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Bouwien C. M. Smits-Engelsman
- Department of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- Department of Physical Activity, Sport and Recreation, Faculty Health Sciences, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
| | - Peter H. Wilson
- Faculty of Physical Culture, Palacký University, Olomouc, Czechia
- Healthy Brain and Mind Research Centre, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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13
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Mayes WP, Gentle J, Ivanova M, Violante IR. Audio-visual multisensory integration and haptic perception are altered in adults with developmental coordination disorder. Hum Mov Sci 2024; 93:103180. [PMID: 38266441 DOI: 10.1016/j.humov.2024.103180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) is a movement disorder in which atypical sensory processing may underly movement atypicality. However, whether altered sensory processing is domain-specific or global in nature, are unanswered questions. Here, we measured for the first time, different aspects of sensory processing and spatiotemporal integration in the same cohort of adult participants with DCD (N = 16), possible DCD (pDCD, N = 12) and neurotypical adults (NT, N = 28). Haptic perception was reduced in both DCD and the extended DCD + pDCD groups when compared to NT adults. Audio-visual integration, measured using the sound-induced double flash illusion, was reduced only in DCD participants, and not the DCD + pDCD extended group. While low-level sensory processing was altered in DCD, the more cognitive, higher-level ability to infer temporal dimensions from spatial information, and vice-versa, as assessed with Tau-Kappa effects, was intact in DCD (and extended DCD + pDCD) participants. Both audio-visual integration and haptic perception difficulties correlated with the degree of self-reported DCD symptoms and were most apparent when comparing DCD and NT groups directly, instead of the expanded DCD + pDCD group. The association of sensory difficulties with DCD symptoms suggests that perceptual differences play a role in motor difficulties in DCD via an underlying internal modelling mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- William P Mayes
- School of Psychology, University of Surrey, Stag Hill, Surrey GU2 7XH, UK.
| | - Judith Gentle
- School of Psychology, University of Surrey, Stag Hill, Surrey GU2 7XH, UK.
| | - Mirela Ivanova
- School of Psychology, University of Surrey, Stag Hill, Surrey GU2 7XH, UK
| | - Ines R Violante
- School of Psychology, University of Surrey, Stag Hill, Surrey GU2 7XH, UK.
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14
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Jolly C, Jover M, Danna J. Dysgraphia Differs Between Children With Developmental Coordination Disorder and/or Reading Disorder. JOURNAL OF LEARNING DISABILITIES 2024:222194231223528. [PMID: 38284390 DOI: 10.1177/00222194231223528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Handwriting deficits, or dysgraphia, are present in several neurodevelopmental disorders. To investigate whether dysgraphia differs according to the associated disorder, we performed a detailed analysis of handwriting in children with developmental coordination disorders (DCD), reading disorder (RD), or comorbid RD and DCD. Handwriting deficits were investigated at the product (quality of the trace) and the process (movement that generates the trace) levels. Nineteen children with singular RD (among which eight with dysgraphia), 13 children with singular DCD (among which seven with dysgraphia), 16 children with comorbid RD+DCD (among which 11 with dysgraphia), and 20 typically developing children, age 7 to 12, performed the BHK (Brave Handwriting Kinder) test, a standardized assessment of handwriting, on a graphic tablet. Developmental coordination disorders primarily affected handwriting quality, while RD affected slowness and, to a lesser extent, quality. Children with RD, solely or comorbid with DCD, wasted time by lifting and stopping the pen when writing. The comorbidity added to but did not worsen, handwriting difficulties. These results reflect distinct motor impairments and/or strategies in children with DCD or RD. We identified subtypes of dysgraphia and advocated for a fine-grained analysis of the writing process and the assessment of motor and reading skills when studying dysgraphia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Jolly
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Université Savoie Mont-Blanc, CNRS, LPNC, France
| | - Marianne Jover
- Aix Marseille Université, PSYCLE, Aix-en-Provence, France
| | - Jérémy Danna
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, LNC, Marseille, France
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15
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Huang Q, Kuo LC, Fong KNK, Chien CW. Rapid online correction of reach-to-manipulate movements in children with developmental coordination disorder: A pilot kinematic comparison study. Clin Biomech (Bristol, Avon) 2024; 111:106154. [PMID: 38029478 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2023.106154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Children with developmental coordination disorder show difficulties in making rapid online corrections, and this has been demonstrated in experiments where reaching/pointing movements were employed. However, typical hand movements in real-life contexts involve subsequent movements, such as grasping and manipulating objects after reaching. This study aimed to reinvestigate online correction of reaching movements that were connected with grasping and object manipulation and to explore its impact on the coordination of subsequent hand movements in children with developmental coordination disorder. METHODS Five children with developmental coordination disorder and five children with typical development were recruited. Their reach-to-manipulate movements in a double-step task were recorded using motion analysis. The manipulative movements included simple and complex forms of pencil rotation. Movement time, movement velocity, and correlation coefficients between finger joints were derived to quantify their motor performances. FINDINGS Children with developmental coordination disorder showed longer movement time and deceleration phases during online correction of reaching movement than children without developmental coordination disorder. In subsequent grasping and manipulation movements after online correction, they also exhibited lower correlation coefficients in four to five finger joint couplings that are essential for movement completion, compared to children without developmental coordination disorder. INTERPRETATION Our findings from the current pilot study suggest that children with developmental coordination disorder have impairments in online correction when reaching for objects and may also have reduced coordination of some finger movements that are important for subsequent grasping and object manipulation. Future studies with larger sample sizes are warranted to confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quting Huang
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.
| | - Li-Chieh Kuo
- Department of Occupational Therapy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Kenneth N K Fong
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Chi-Wen Chien
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
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16
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Allen K, Harris D, Arthur T, Wood G, Buckingham G. Investigating how prior knowledge influences perception and action in developmental coordination disorder. Q J Exp Psychol (Hove) 2023:17470218231214479. [PMID: 37926854 DOI: 10.1177/17470218231214479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Developmental coordination disorder (DCD) is characterised by a broad spectrum of difficulties in performing motor tasks. It has recently been proposed that a specific deficit in sensorimotor prediction and feedforward planning might underpin these motoric impairments. The purpose of this study was to use a naturalistic object lifting paradigm to examine whether deficits in sensorimotor prediction might underpin the broad spectrum of difficulties individuals with DCD face when interacting with objects in their environment. We recruited 60 children with probable DCD and 61 children without DCD and measured perceptions of heaviness and fingertip force rate application when interacting with objects which varied in their apparent weight. If deficits in sensorimotor prediction do underpin the broad-ranging motor difficulties seen in DCD, we would expect to see a reduced effect of visual size cues on fingertip force rates and illusory misperceptions of object heaviness. We found no evidence of differences in any metrics of sensorimotor prediction between children with (n = 46) and without DCD (n = 61). Furthermore, there was no correlation between any metrics of sensorimotor prediction and motor performance (as assessed by the standard diagnostic movement assessment battery). Illusory misperceptions of object weight also did not appear to differ between groups. These findings suggest that issues with sensorimotor prediction are unlikely to affect the performance of simple real-world movements in those with DCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kate Allen
- Department of Public Health and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
- Department of Health and Care Professions, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - David Harris
- Department of Public Health and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Tom Arthur
- Department of Public Health and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Greg Wood
- Department of Sport and Exercise Sciences, Research Centre for Musculoskeletal Science and Sports Medicine, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK
| | - Gavin Buckingham
- Department of Public Health and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
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Knaier E, Meier CE, Caflisch JA, Huber R, Kakebeeke TH, Jenni OG. Visuomotor adaptation, internal modelling, and compensatory movements in children with developmental coordination disorder. RESEARCH IN DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES 2023; 143:104624. [PMID: 37972466 DOI: 10.1016/j.ridd.2023.104624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Developmental coordination disorder (DCD) is one of the most prevalent developmental disorders in school-aged children. The mechanisms and etiology underlying DCD remain somewhat unclear. Altered visuomotor adaptation and internal model deficits are discussed in the literature. AIMS The study aimed to investigate visuomotor adaptation and internal modelling to determine whether and to what extent visuomotor learning might be impaired in children with DCD compared to typically developing children (TD). Further, possible compensatory movements during visuomotor learning were explored. METHODS AND PROCEDURES Participants were 12 children with DCD (age 12.4 ± 1.8, four female) and 18 age-matched TD (12.3 ± 1.8, five female). Visuomotor learning was measured with the Motor task manager. Compensatory movements were parameterized by spatial and temporal variables. OUTCOMES AND RESULTS Despite no differences in visuomotor adaptation or internal modelling, significant main effects for group were found in parameters representing movement accuracy, motor speed, and movement variability between DCD and TD. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Children with DCD showed comparable performances in visuomotor adaptation and internal modelling to TD. However, movement variability was increased, whereas movement accuracy and motor speed were reduced, suggesting decreased motor acuity in children with DCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Knaier
- Child Development Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Claudia E Meier
- Child Development Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jon A Caflisch
- Child Development Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Reto Huber
- Child Development Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University Hospital of Psychiatry, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Tanja H Kakebeeke
- Child Development Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Oskar G Jenni
- Child Development Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
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Nobusako S, Wen W, Osumi M, Nakai A, Morioka S. Action-outcome Regularity Perceptual Sensitivity in Children with Developmental Coordination Disorder. J Autism Dev Disord 2023:10.1007/s10803-023-06144-x. [PMID: 37812371 DOI: 10.1007/s10803-023-06144-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE An internal model deficit is considered to underlie developmental coordination disorder (DCD); thus, children with DCD have an altered sense of agency (SoA), which is associated with depressive symptoms. Furthermore, the perception of action-outcome regularity is present in early development, is involved in the generation of SoA, and has roles in adaptive motor learning and coordinated motor skills. However, perceptual sensitivity to action-outcome regularity has not been examined in children with DCD. METHODS We investigated perceptual sensitivity to action-outcome regularity in 6-15-year-old children with DCD and age- and sex-matched typically developing (TD) children. Both groups were assessed for coordinated motor skills with the Movement Assessment Battery for Children-2nd Edition, while the DCD group was assessed with the DCD Questionnaire, Social Communication Questionnaire, Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder-Rating Scale, and Depression Self- Rating Scale for Children. RESULTS Perceptual sensitivity to action-outcome regularity was significantly reduced in children with DCD. However, there was a significant correlation between perceptual sensitivity to action-outcome regularity and age in DCD and TD children. Perceptual sensitivity to action-outcome regularity was significantly lower in younger children with DCD than in younger and older TD children, but there were no significant differences between older children with DCD and younger and older TD children. CONCLUSION The current results suggest that children with DCD have significantly reduced perceptual sensitivity to action-outcome regularity at younger ages, which may alter SoA and inhibit internal model development, thereby reducing motor skill coordination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Nobusako
- Neurorehabilitation Research Center, Kio University, 4-2-2 Umaminaka, Koryo-cho, Kitakatsuragi-gun, Nara, 635-0832, Japan.
- Graduate School of Health Science, Kio University, Koryo-cho, Nara, Japan.
| | - Wen Wen
- Department of Psychology, Rikkyo University, Niiza, Saitama, Japan
| | - Michihiro Osumi
- Neurorehabilitation Research Center, Kio University, 4-2-2 Umaminaka, Koryo-cho, Kitakatsuragi-gun, Nara, 635-0832, Japan
- Graduate School of Health Science, Kio University, Koryo-cho, Nara, Japan
| | - Akio Nakai
- Graduate School of Clinical Education, The Center for the Study of Child Development, Institute for Education, Mukogawa Women's University, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Shu Morioka
- Neurorehabilitation Research Center, Kio University, 4-2-2 Umaminaka, Koryo-cho, Kitakatsuragi-gun, Nara, 635-0832, Japan
- Graduate School of Health Science, Kio University, Koryo-cho, Nara, Japan
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Mayes WP, Jansari A, Leonard HC. Exploring Executive Functioning of Adults With Probable Developmental Coordination Disorder Using the Jansari Assessment of Executive Functions. Dev Neuropsychol 2023; 48:315-334. [PMID: 37830357 DOI: 10.1080/87565641.2023.2264424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
Many individuals with Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) demonstrate executive functioning difficulties on standardized assessments, yet these difficulties have not been investigated using ecologically-valid measures. 26 adults with probable DCD (pDCD), and 26 typically developing (TD) adults completed selected background measures and the Jansari assessment of Executive Functions (JEF©). JEF© is an ecologically-valid measure that provides measures of Planning, Prioritization, Selective-Thinking, Creative-Thinking, Adaptive-Thinking, and Action-, Event- and Time-Based Prospective Memory. pDCD participants were impaired relative to TD participants, with difficulties in Planning, Action-, and Event-Based Prospective Memory. These findings are consistent with self-reported difficulty and provide avenues for research investigating intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ashok Jansari
- Department of Psychology, Goldsmiths, University of London, London, UK
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Pranjić M, Rahman N, Kamenetskiy A, Mulligan K, Pihl S, Arnett AB. A systematic review of behavioral and neurobiological profiles associated with coexisting attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and developmental coordination disorder. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2023; 153:105389. [PMID: 37704094 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2023.105389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and developmental coordination disorder (DCD) co-occur in approximately 50% of cases. This study aimed to characterize the behavioral, cognitive, and neurobiological profiles of co-occurring ADHD and DCD diagnoses by mapping, synthesizing, and providing a critical appraisal of the existing literature. A systematic search was conducted across four databases (MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Embase, and Scopus) to identify studies comparing a coexisting ADHD+DCD diagnosis to ADHD and DCD alone. From 2353 screened articles, 15 behavioral and 10 neuroimaging studies were included. Collectively, these studies suggest that the comorbid ADHD+DCD presentation constitutes a more severe phenotype characterized by neurocognitive differences associated with both conditions. Despite sharing some common neural features, our findings support the separate etiology hypothesis indicating that neural network alterations in individuals with ADHD+DCD represent a unique neural pattern rather than a sum of ADHD and DCD characteristics. Considering the heterogeneity inherent to both ADHD and DCD, future studies should involve rigorous and comprehensive assessment procedures to delineate how different subtypes of each diagnosis relate to distinct performance characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marija Pranjić
- Division of Developmental Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Navin Rahman
- Division of Developmental Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Adelia Kamenetskiy
- Division of Developmental Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kaitlin Mulligan
- Division of Developmental Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Stephen Pihl
- Division of Developmental Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Anne B Arnett
- Division of Developmental Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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Puyjarinet F, Madramany P, Autexier A, Madieu E, Nesensohn J, Biotteau M. Psychomotor intervention to improve handwriting skills in children with ADHD: A single-case experimental design with direct inter-subject and systematic replications. Neuropsychol Rehabil 2023; 33:1537-1563. [PMID: 36007100 DOI: 10.1080/09602011.2022.2114503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Dysgraphia is highly prevalent in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and adversely affects academic and developmental trajectories. To date, no study has rigorously examined the effects of a training program on handwriting quality in this specific population. Our objective was thus to develop an innovative program - we entitled PRO-PEN - and to evaluate its effects. We planned a multiple-baseline design across participants from grade 3-5, with direct inter-subject and systematic replications. Children of Group 1 (n = 4) were diagnosed with ADHD. Systematic replication was conducted in a second group of participants (Group 2, n = 4) with a diagnosis of developmental coordination disorder in addition to ADHD. The primary assessment focused on quality of handwriting. Generalization measures evaluated diverse neuropsychological and behavioural domains. In Group 1, effect sizes regarding handwriting quality were large (Taus > .60). Improvement was also observed for children of Group 2 (Taus > .50). Importantly, the positive effects persisted three months after the end of the training. Generalization effects extended beyond handwriting sphere. Therefore, PRO-PEN can be considered a promising training program for improving handwriting quality in ADHD, with a possible impact on wide cerebral regulation loops underpinning both handwriting and other neuropsychological and behavioural domains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frédéric Puyjarinet
- University of Montpellier, UFR Médecine Montpellier-Nîmes, Institut de Formation en Psychomotricité de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Anne Autexier
- Academy of Montpellier, French National Education Institute, France
| | | | - Jessica Nesensohn
- University of Montpellier, UFR Médecine Montpellier-Nîmes, Institut de Formation en Psychomotricité de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- CHRU of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Maëlle Biotteau
- ToNIC, Toulouse NeuroImaging Center, Université de Toulouse, Inserm, UPS, Toulouse, France
- Children's Hospital, Toulouse-Purpan University Hospital, Toulouse, France
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22
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Baiano C, Zappullo I, Cecere R, Raimo G, Conson M. Visual and kinesthetic motor imagery in adults with different degrees of self-reported motor coordination difficulties. Hum Mov Sci 2023; 91:103137. [PMID: 37572558 DOI: 10.1016/j.humov.2023.103137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/14/2023]
Abstract
Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) involves difficulties in performing coordinated movements with fine and/or gross motor skills deficits. Several studies showed that DCD is characterized by motor imagery deficits as well. Here we investigated in neurotypical adults (N = 334) the relationships between the ease of imaging two main motor imagery components, that is the visual and the kinesthetic one, self-reported motor coordination difficulties and handwriting speed. Self-reported motor difficulties were measured by the Adult Developmental Co-ordination Disorders/Dyspraxia Checklist (ADC) and scores were used to distinguish three groups: participants at risk of DCD (with both relevant childhood and current motor coordination difficulties); with motor coordination difficulties (relevant current but not childhood difficulties); without motor coordination difficulties (neither current nor childhood difficulties). The main results showed more kinesthetic and visual imagery difficulties in participants at risk of DCD than in those both with and without motor coordination difficulties. Interestingly, the relationships between the two imagery components and motor difficulties were different in the three groups, depending on: 1) the developmental phase (childhood or adulthood) to which motor coordination difficulties referred, and 2) the point of view (self or other), from which images were judged. Instead, no relationship was found between imagery abilities and handwriting speed. Thus, a nuanced pattern of the ease of imaging motor imagery emerged in adults with different degrees of self-reported motor coordination difficulties. These findings could be relevant for the assessment of people candidate to undergo a motor imagery training.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Baiano
- Department of Psychology, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, 81100 Caserta, Italy
| | - Isa Zappullo
- Department of Psychology, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, 81100 Caserta, Italy
| | - Roberta Cecere
- Department of Psychology, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, 81100 Caserta, Italy
| | - Gennaro Raimo
- Department of Psychology, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, 81100 Caserta, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Conson
- Department of Psychology, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, 81100 Caserta, Italy.
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23
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Bartov R, Wagner M, Shvalb N, Hochhauser M. Enhancing Handwriting Performance of Children with Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) Using Computerized Visual Feedback. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 10:1534. [PMID: 37761495 PMCID: PMC10529407 DOI: 10.3390/children10091534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Recent studies have analyzed the writing metrics of children with developmental coordination disorder (DCD) using computerized systems. To date, the use of computerized visual feedback to improve handwriting has not been investigated. This study aimed to examine the effects of computerized visual feedback on handwriting performance in time, spatial orientation, and pressure indices for children with DCD. Twenty-seven children aged 7 to 12 years with DCD assessed by the Movement Assessment Battery for Children and the Developmental Coordination Disorder Questionnaire received one weekly intervention session for 8 weeks, during which they twice copied an excerpt onto a tablet. Once, they received visual feedback where the writing color corresponded to the degree of pressure on the writing surface, and once they received no visual feedback. The two conditions were counterbalanced throughout the sessions. Pre-intervention sessions were compared with post-intervention sessions and with new texts for time, spatial orientation, and pressure measures. The findings revealed significantly decreased total and mean letter writing, in-air, and writing time and increased capacity in the visual feedback condition. In the spatial variables, a significant decrease in letter height variance was found. Pressure increased significantly throughout the intervention with visual feedback, whereas it decreased post-test in the writing task in both conditions and was maintained in the new text. Visual feedback intervention can increase the kinesthetic-haptic feedback required to regulate pressure during writing, promoting more efficient feedforward processes and improving output quality and capacity. The training effectiveness was transferable, and the intervention accessibility could increase student autonomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Bartov
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Ariel University, Ariel 40700, Israel;
- Department of Special Education, Orot Israel College, Elkana 4481400, Israel
| | - Michael Wagner
- Department of Industrial Engineering and Management, Ariel University, Ariel 40700, Israel;
| | - Nir Shvalb
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Mechatronics, Ariel University, Ariel 40700, Israel;
| | - Michal Hochhauser
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Ariel University, Ariel 40700, Israel;
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24
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Al-Yahya E, Esser P, Weedon BD, Joshi S, Liu YC, Springett DN, Salvan P, Meaney A, Collett J, Inacio M, Delextrat A, Kemp S, Ward T, Izadi H, Johansen-Berg H, Ayaz H, Dawes H. Motor learning in developmental coordination disorder: behavioral and neuroimaging study. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1187790. [PMID: 37425016 PMCID: PMC10323432 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1187790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Developmental coordination disorder (DCD) is characterized by motor learning deficits that are poorly understood within whole-body activities context. Here we present results of one of the largest non-randomized interventional trials combining brain imaging and motion capture techniques to examine motor skill acquisition and its underpinning mechanisms in adolescents with and without DCD. A total of 86 adolescents with low fitness levels (including 48 with DCD) were trained on a novel stepping task for a duration of 7 weeks. Motor performance during the stepping task was assessed under single and dual-task conditions. Concurrent cortical activation in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) was measured using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). Additionally, structural and functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was conducted during a similar stepping task at the beginning of the trial. The results indicate that adolescents with DCD performed similarly to their peers with lower levels of fitness in the novel stepping task and demonstrated the ability to learn and improve motor performance. Both groups showed significant improvements in both tasks and under single- and dual-task conditions at post-intervention and follow-up compared to baseline. While both groups initially made more errors in the Stroop task under dual-task conditions, at follow-up, a significant difference between single- and dual-task conditions was observed only in the DCD group. Notably, differences in prefrontal activation patterns between the groups emerged at different time points and task conditions. Adolescents with DCD exhibited distinct prefrontal activation responses during the learning and performance of a motor task, particularly when complexity was increased by concurrent cognitive tasks. Furthermore, a relationship was observed between MRI brain structure and function measures and initial performance in the novel stepping task. Overall, these findings suggest that strategies that address task and environmental complexities, while simultaneously enhancing brain activity through a range of tasks, offer opportunities to increase the participation of adolescents with low fitness in physical activity and sports.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emad Al-Yahya
- School of Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
- School of Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Patrick Esser
- Centre for Movement, Occupation and Rehabilitation Services, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Benjamin D. Weedon
- Centre for Movement, Occupation and Rehabilitation Services, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Shawn Joshi
- Centre for Movement, Occupation and Rehabilitation Services, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, United Kingdom
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- College of Medicine, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Yan-Ci Liu
- Centre for Movement, Occupation and Rehabilitation Services, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, United Kingdom
- School and Graduate Institute of Physical Therapy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Daniella N. Springett
- Centre for Movement, Occupation and Rehabilitation Services, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Department for Health, University of Bath, Bath, United Kingdom
| | - Piergiorgio Salvan
- Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Andy Meaney
- Centre for Movement, Occupation and Rehabilitation Services, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Johnny Collett
- Centre for Movement, Occupation and Rehabilitation Services, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Mario Inacio
- Centre for Movement, Occupation and Rehabilitation Services, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Research Center in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development, University of Maia, Porto, Portugal
| | - Anne Delextrat
- Centre for Movement, Occupation and Rehabilitation Services, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Steve Kemp
- Centre for Movement, Occupation and Rehabilitation Services, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Tomas Ward
- Insight SFI Research Centre for Data Analytics, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Hooshang Izadi
- School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Heidi Johansen-Berg
- Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Hasan Ayaz
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Drexel Solutions Institute, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Department of Family and Community Health, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Center for Injury Research and Prevention, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Helen Dawes
- Centre for Movement, Occupation and Rehabilitation Services, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, United Kingdom
- NIHR Exeter BRC, Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
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25
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Scott MW, Wood G, Holmes PS, Marshall B, Williams J, Wright DJ. Combined action observation and motor imagery improves learning of activities of daily living in children with Developmental Coordination Disorder. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0284086. [PMID: 37220154 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0284086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Developmental coordination disorder (DCD) is characterised by poor motor coordination, which interferes with the ability to execute activities of daily living (ADLs). Combined action observation and motor imagery (AOMI) involves observing movement videos whilst imagining simultaneously the sensations of executing the same movement. Laboratory-based research indicates that AOMI can help improve movement coordination in children with DCD, but no previous research had investigated the efficacy of AOMI interventions for learning ADLs. This study investigated the efficacy of a home-based, parent-led, AOMI intervention for learning ADLs in children with DCD. Children with confirmed (n = 23) or suspected (n = 5) DCD (total sample n = 28), aged 7-12 years, were assigned to either an AOMI intervention or a control intervention (both n = 14). Participants attempted the following ADLs at pre-test (week 1), post-test (week 4), and retention test (week 6): shoelace tying, cutlery use, shirt buttoning, and cup stacking. Task completion times and movement techniques were recorded. The AOMI intervention produced significantly faster task completion times than the control intervention at post-test for shoelace tying, and significantly improved movement techniques for shoelace tying and cup stacking. Importantly, for children who could not tie shoelaces at pre-test (n = 9 per group), 89% of those following the AOMI intervention learnt the skill successfully by the end of the study, compared to only 44% of those following the control intervention. The findings indicate that home-based, parent-led, AOMI interventions can aid the learning of complex ADLs in children with DCD, and may be particularly effective for facilitating the learning of motor skills that do not currently exist within these children's motor repertoire.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew W Scott
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Health and Education, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, United Kingdom
- School of Kinesiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Greg Wood
- Department of Sport and Exercise Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Paul S Holmes
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Health and Education, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Ben Marshall
- Department of Sport and Exercise Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Jacqueline Williams
- Institute for Health and Sport, College of Sport and Exercise Science, Victoria University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - David J Wright
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Health and Education, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, United Kingdom
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26
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Pranjić M, Hashemi N, Arnett AB, Thaut MH. Auditory-Perceptual and Auditory-Motor Timing Abilities in Children with Developmental Coordination Disorder: A Scoping Review. Brain Sci 2023; 13:brainsci13050729. [PMID: 37239201 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13050729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Developmental coordination disorder (DCD) remains largely underdiagnosed and masked by other co-occurring conditions. The aim of this study was to (1) provide the first review of research regarding auditory-motor timing and synchronization abilities in children with DCD and (2) examine whether reduced motor performance may be associated with difficulties in auditory perceptual timing. The scoping review was carried out across five major databases (MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, CINAHL, and Scopus) in accordance with the PRISMA-ScR guidelines. Studies were screened by two independent reviewers against the inclusion criteria, without publication date restrictions. From an initial return of 1673 records, 16 articles were included in the final review and synthesized based on the timing modality studied (i.e., auditory-perceptual, motor, or auditory-motor). Results suggest that children with DCD have difficulties with rhythmic movements both with and without external auditory cues and further indicate that variability in and slowness of motor response are key characteristics of DCD, regardless of the experimental task. Importantly, our review highlights a significant gap in the literature regarding auditory perceptual abilities in DCD. In addition to testing auditory perception, future studies should compare the performance of children with DCD on paced and unpaced tasks to determine whether auditory stimuli contribute to a more or less stable performance. This knowledge may inform future therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marija Pranjić
- Music and Health Science Research Collaboratory, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1C5, Canada
- Bloorview Research Institute, Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation Hospital, Toronto, ON M4G 1R8, Canada
| | - Niloufaralsadat Hashemi
- Bloorview Research Institute, Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation Hospital, Toronto, ON M4G 1R8, Canada
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3G9, Canada
| | - Anne B Arnett
- Division of Developmental Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Michael H Thaut
- Music and Health Science Research Collaboratory, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1C5, Canada
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Medical Science and Rehabilitation Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
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27
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Koopmans DC, Krajenbrink H, Lust JM, Steenbergen B. End-state comfort planning after explicit goal instructions in children with and without probable developmental coordination disorder. Hum Mov Sci 2023; 88:103066. [PMID: 36731252 DOI: 10.1016/j.humov.2023.103066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND When completing grip-selection tasks, healthy adults generally plan for the most comfortable end-posture which is termed the end-state comfort (ESC) effect. Children with and without developmental coordination disorder (DCD) are less likely to plan for ESC which begs the question as to whether they are not able to perform this type of planning or whether they prioritize other aspects of the task. AIMS (1) Examine if children with and without probable DCD (pDCD) are able to plan for ESC if they are explicitly instructed to and (2) if this transfers to another similar task. (3) Examine if children with and without pDCD perceive the level of comfort of the grips that they use differently and if this relates to ESC planning. METHODS Twelve children with and 12 children without probable DCD (pDCD) (aged 5-9 years) received a 10-min training session in which children were explicitly instructed to end their movement in ESC, after which they formulated their own plan to reach this goal. The study consisted of a pre-post-test design in which changes in the proportion of ESC were analyzed on the task that was trained as well as on an untrained transfer-task. Furthermore, the perceived level of comfort was examined. RESULTS Both groups of children showed a higher proportion of ESC on the post-test compared with the pre-test, on the task that was trained as well as on the transfer-task. There were no group differences regarding the perceived level of comfort of the different grip postures. CONCLUSION The majority of the children with and without pDCD seems to be able to adjust their planning strategy and prioritize ESC if they are explicitly instructed to.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daphne C Koopmans
- Clinical sciences for health professionals, master Clinical Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Hilde Krajenbrink
- Behavioural Science Institute (BSI), Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
| | - Jessica M Lust
- Behavioural Science Institute (BSI), Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Bert Steenbergen
- Behavioural Science Institute (BSI), Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; School of Behavioural and Health Sciences, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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28
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Does the Degree and/or Direction of Handedness in Children With Developmental Coordination Disorder Influence Motor and Cognitive Performance? A Pilot Study. JOURNAL OF MOTOR LEARNING AND DEVELOPMENT 2023. [DOI: 10.1123/jmld.2022-0045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
Research has shown that nonright-handedness in children with developmental coordination disorder (DCD) is associated with poorer motor and cognitive performance. This study investigated the influence of degree and direction of handedness on performance using the Home Handedness Questionnaire, the Hit-the-Dot test, the Movement Assessment Battery for Children, and the digital Trail-Making Test. Eighteen children with DCD and 21 typically developing children aged 8–12 years participated in this study. The distribution of degree and direction of handedness in the group of DCD children were not different from that found in the typically developing group. In the Hit-the-Dot test, typically developing children significantly performed better than children with DCD, no matter which hand was dominant or to which degree. A significant inconsistent-handed advantage in the subdomain balance was found for children with DCD. Inconsistent handedness also seems to be an advantage for children with DCD on the digital Trail-Making Test performance. The relationship between the subcategories of the Movement Assessment Battery for Children and the digital Trail-Making Test part B is stronger for consistent than for inconsistent handedness. Our findings suggest that children with DCD and inconsistent handedness might benefit from greater crosstalk across hemispheres. In addition, these predispositions can be reinforced or discouraged throughout development and via occupational therapy.
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29
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Jelsma LD, Cavalcante Neto JL, Smits-Engelsman B, Targino Gomes Draghi T, Araújo Rohr L, Tudella E. Type of active video-games training does not impact the effect on balance and agility in children with and without developmental coordination disorder: A randomized comparator-controlled trial. APPLIED NEUROPSYCHOLOGY. CHILD 2023; 12:64-73. [PMID: 35098823 DOI: 10.1080/21622965.2022.2030740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
AIM To compare the effect of the Nintendo Wii-Fit and Xbox Kinect on motor performance and to assess differential effects in children with Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) and typical development (TD). METHOD In an assessor-blinded randomized comparator-controlled design, 68 participants (34 DCD and 34 TD) aged 7-10 years, were randomly assigned to train on one of two devices (34 Wii-Fit; 34 Xbox Kinect). RESULTS Repeated measure ANOVA revealed a significant main effect of time on balance and agility variables (MABC-2, Wii Yoga stance, PERF-FIT side-hop, PERF-FIT ladder-stepping; all p ≤ 0.02), but not on running variables (BOT2-sprint, 10 × 5 m sprint and PERF-FIT ladder running; p > 0.05). No significant interactions were observed, indicating similar changes on both devices. Overall, 35% of the TD children and 76% of the children with DCD improved on one or more of the outcomes beyond the smallest detectable difference. However, at the individual level, larger differences in improvement were found in the Kinect group compared to the Wii between TD and DCD groups. CONCLUSION Both Wii-Fit and Kinect devices can be used to train with similar results on motor performance. An important percentage (76%) of children with DCD improved on at least one motor task after training.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lemke Dorothee Jelsma
- Developmental and Clinical Neuropsychology, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | | | - Bouwien Smits-Engelsman
- Department of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Cape Town, Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa
| | | | - Liz Araújo Rohr
- Department of Physiotherapy, Federal University of Sao Carlos, Sao Carlos, Brazil
| | - Eloisa Tudella
- Department of Physiotherapy, Federal University of Sao Carlos, Sao Carlos, Brazil
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30
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Pinero-Pinto E, Romero-Galisteo RP, Sánchez-González MC, Escobio-Prieto I, Luque-Moreno C, Palomo-Carrión R. Motor Skills and Visual Deficits in Developmental Coordination Disorder: A Narrative Review. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11247447. [PMID: 36556062 PMCID: PMC9784736 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11247447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Developmental coordination disorder (DCD) is a developmental disorder in which numerous comorbidities seem to coexist, such as motor and visual impairment and some executive functions; Methods: A narrative review on motor and visual deficits in children with DCD was carried out; Results and Discussion: Fine and gross motor skills are affected in children with DCD. In addition, they seem to be related to visual deficits, such as difficulty in visual perception, sensory processing and visual memory. Limitations have also been found in accommodation. Interventions in children with DCD should be aimed at improving both aspects, since vision affects motor skills and vice versa; Conclusions: In children with DCD, who present a marked deficit in global shape processing, it causes an association between deficiencies in visual perception and motor skills.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Pinero-Pinto
- Department of Physical Therapy. Faculty of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Podiatry, University of Seville, 41009 Seville, Spain
| | - Rita Pilar Romero-Galisteo
- Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Science Health, University of Málaga, 29016 Málaga, Spain
- Correspondence:
| | | | - Isabel Escobio-Prieto
- Department of Physical Therapy. Faculty of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Podiatry, University of Seville, 41009 Seville, Spain
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBIS), 41013 Seville, Spain
| | - Carlos Luque-Moreno
- Department of Physical Therapy. Faculty of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Podiatry, University of Seville, 41009 Seville, Spain
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBIS), 41013 Seville, Spain
| | - Rocío Palomo-Carrión
- Department of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Physiotherapy and Nursing, University of Castilla-La Mancha, 45071 Toledo, Spain
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31
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Developmental changes in action-outcome regularity perceptual sensitivity and its relationship to hand motor function in 5-16-year-old children. Sci Rep 2022; 12:17606. [PMID: 36266454 PMCID: PMC9585081 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-21827-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Along with the comparator model, the perception of action-outcome regularity is involved in the generation of sense of agency. In addition, the perception of action-outcome regularity is related to motor performance. However, no studies have examined the developmental changes in the perception of action-outcome regularity. The current study measured perceptual sensitivity to action-outcome regularity and manual dexterity in 200 children aged between 5 and 16 years. The results showed that perceptual sensitivity to action-outcome regularity was significantly lower in 5-6-year-old children than in 9-16-year-old children, and that it was significantly lower in children with low manual dexterity than in children with medium to high manual dexterity. Correlation analyses revealed significant correlations of age and perceptual sensitivity to action-outcome regularity, but no significant correlation of manual dexterity and perceptual sensitivity to action-outcome regularity, either overall or in any age band. The present study suggests that perceptual sensitivity to action-outcome regularity is immature at 5-6 years of age and that it may be impaired in 5-16-year-old children with poor manual dexterity.
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32
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Cheng YTY, Chung LMY, Chung JWY, Schooling CM, Gao Y, Bae YH, Tsang WWN, Fong SSM. Atypical adaptive postural responses in children with developmental coordination disorder: Implications for rehabilitation. Gait Posture 2022; 98:141-145. [PMID: 36122429 DOI: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2022.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adaptive postural control is an important yet underexamined area in children with developmental coordination disorder (DCD). This study compared adaptive postural responses between children with DCD and those with typical development. METHODS This was an exploratory cross-sectional study. Fifty-two children with DCD (aged 6-9 years) and 52 age- and sex-matched children with typical development participated in the study. Their adaptive postural (motor) responses were assessed using the Adaptation Test (ADT) on a computerized dynamic posturography machine. The sway energy score (SES) for each ADT trial and the average SES of five trials for both toes-up and toes-down platform inclination conditions were recorded. RESULTS The SESs were lower in the DCD group than in the control group in ADT toes-up trial 1 (p = 0.009) and on average (p = 0.044). In the control group, the SES decreased from trial 1 to trial 2 for both the ADT toes-up (p = 0.005) and toes-down conditions (p < 0.001). SIGNIFICANCE Adaptive postural responses were absent in children with DCD, and these children used less force (i.e., sway energy) to overcome postural instability. Therefore, both adaptive balance and neuromuscular training should be factored into rehabilitation programs for children with DCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoyo T Y Cheng
- School of Public Health, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China
| | - Louisa M Y Chung
- Department of Health and Physical Education, Education University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China
| | - Joanne W Y Chung
- School of Nursing and Health Studies, Hong Kong Metropolitan University, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China
| | - Catherine Mary Schooling
- School of Public Health, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China; Graduate School of Public Health and Health Policy, City University of New York, New York, USA
| | - Yang Gao
- Department of Sport, Physical Education and Health, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China
| | - Young-Hyeon Bae
- Korea National Rehabilitation Center, Department of Healthcare and Public Health, Rehabilitation Research Institute, Seoul 01022, the Republic of Korea
| | - William W N Tsang
- School of Nursing and Health Studies, Hong Kong Metropolitan University, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China; Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China
| | - Shirley S M Fong
- School of Public Health, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China; Department of Health and Physical Education, Education University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.
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Gill KK, Lang D, Zwicker JG. Cerebellar and brainstem differences in children with developmental coordination disorder: A voxel-based morphometry study. Front Hum Neurosci 2022; 16:921505. [PMID: 35967005 PMCID: PMC9371609 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2022.921505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Developmental coordination disorder (DCD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder that significantly impairs a child’s ability to learn motor skills and to perform everyday activities. The cause of DCD is unknown; however, evidence suggests that children with DCD have altered brain structure and function. While the cerebellum has been hypothesised to be involved in developmental coordination disorder, no studies have specifically examined cerebellar structure in this population. The purpose of our study was to examine cerebellar differences in children with DCD compared to typically-developing children. Using voxel-based morphometry, we assessed cerebellar morphology in children 8–12 years of age. Forty-six children (12 typically-developing and 34 with DCD) were investigated using high resolution T1-weighted images, which were then processed using the spatially unbiased atlas template of the cerebellum and brainstem (SUIT) toolbox for a region of interest-based examination of the cerebellum. Results revealed that children with DCD had reduced grey matter volume in several regions, namely: the brainstem, right/left crus I, right crus II, left VI, right VIIb, and right VIIIa lobules. Further, Pearson correlations revealed significant positive associations between the total motor percentile score on the Movement Assessment Battery for Children-2 and regions that had reduced grey matter volume in our cohort (brainstem, left crus I, right VIIb, and right VIIIa). These findings indicate that reductions in cerebellar grey matter volume are associated with poorer motor skills. Given the cerebellum’s involvement in internal models of movement, results of this study may help to explain why children with DCD struggle to learn motor skills.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamaldeep K. Gill
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Brain, Behaviour, and Development Theme, British Columbia Children’s Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Donna Lang
- Brain, Behaviour, and Development Theme, British Columbia Children’s Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Radiology, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Jill G. Zwicker
- Brain, Behaviour, and Development Theme, British Columbia Children’s Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- *Correspondence: Jill G. Zwicker,
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A Bibliometric and Visualization Analysis of Motor Learning in Preschoolers and Children over the Last 15 Years. Healthcare (Basel) 2022; 10:healthcare10081415. [PMID: 36011071 PMCID: PMC9407894 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare10081415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 07/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Motor learning enables preschoolers and children to acquire fundamental skills that are critical to their development. The current study sought to conduct a bibliometric and visualization analysis to provide a comprehensive overview of motor-learning progress in preschoolers and children over the previous 15 years. The number of studies is constantly growing, with the United States and Australia, as well as other productive institutions and authors, at the leading edge. The dominant disciplines were Neurosciences and Neurology, Psychology, Rehabilitation, and Sport Sciences. The journals Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology, Human Movement Science, Physical Therapy, Neuropsychology, Journal of Motor Behavior, and Journal of Experimental Child Psychology have been the most productive and influential in this regard. The most common co-citations for clinical symptoms were for cerebral palsy, developmental coordination disorder, and autism. Research has focused on language impairment (speech disorders, explicit learning, and instructor-control feedback), as well as effective intervention strategies. Advances in brain mechanisms and diagnostic indicators, as well as new intervention and rehabilitation technologies (virtual reality, transcranial magnetic stimulation, and transcranial direct current stimulation), have shifted research frontiers and progress. The cognitive process is critical in intervention, rehabilitation, and new technology implementation and should not be overlooked. Overall, our broad overview identifies three major areas: brain mechanism research, clinical practice (intervention and rehabilitation), and new technology application.
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Lino F, Chieffo DPR. Developmental Coordination Disorder and Most Prevalent Comorbidities: A Narrative Review. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 9:1095. [PMID: 35884081 PMCID: PMC9317644 DOI: 10.3390/children9071095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This narrative review describes, in detail, the relationships between Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) and most prevalent associated comorbidities in their complexity, heterogeneity and multifactoriality. The research has been conducted on the main scientific databases, excluding single case papers. Blurred borders between the different nosographic entities have been described and advances in this field have been highlighted. In this multifaceted framework a specific profiling for co-occurring DCD, ADHD and ASD signs and symptoms is proposed, confirming the need for a multidisciplinary approach to define new diagnostic paradigms in early childhood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Lino
- Clinical Psychology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRRCS, 00168 Rome, Italy;
| | - Daniela Pia Rosaria Chieffo
- Clinical Psychology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRRCS, 00168 Rome, Italy;
- Department of Life Sciences and Public Health, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, 00168 Rome, Italy
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Developmental Coordination Disorder: State of the Art and Future Directions from a Neurophysiological Perspective. CHILDREN 2022; 9:children9070945. [PMID: 35883929 PMCID: PMC9318843 DOI: 10.3390/children9070945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Developmental coordination disorder (DCD) is a common neurodevelopmental condition characterized by disabling motor impairments being visible from the first years of life. Over recent decades, research in this field has gained important results, showing alterations in several processes involved in the regulation of motor behavior (e.g., planning and monitoring of actions, motor learning, action imitation). However, these studies mostly pursued a behavioral approach, leaving relevant questions open concerning the neural correlates of this condition. In this narrative review, we first survey the literature on motor control and sensorimotor impairments in DCD. Then, we illustrate the contributions to the field that may be achieved using transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) of the motor cortex. While still rarely employed in DCD research, this approach offers several opportunities, ranging from the clarification of low-level cortical electrophysiology to the assessment of the motor commands transmitted throughout the corticospinal system. We propose that TMS may help to investigate the neural correlates of motor impairments reported in behavioral studies, thus guiding DCD research toward a brain-oriented acknowledgment of this condition. This effort would help translational research to provide novel diagnostic and therapeutic tools.
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Nishi Y, Nobusako S, Tsujimoto T, Sakai A, Nakai A, Morioka S. Spatial Instability during Precision Grip–Lift in Children with Poor Manual Dexterity. Brain Sci 2022; 12:brainsci12050598. [PMID: 35624985 PMCID: PMC9139501 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci12050598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Although children with developmental coordination disorder (DCD) show impaired precision grip control due to a sensory-motor integration deficit, their spatial instability (such as changes in force direction and object roll during a precision grip task) is unclear. Herein, we investigated the spatial instability in the precision grip force control of children with poor manual dexterity. We divided 66 school-aged children who performed a precision gripping and lifting of heavy- or lightweight objects into those with low manual dexterity (n = 11) and those with high manual dexterity (n = 55) as revealed by the Movement Assessment Battery for Children (2nd edition). The group and weight effects were then determined. The results revealed that the total trajectory lengths of the center of pressure (COP) were longer in the lightweight object data of the children in the low-manual-dexterity group and were related to the children’s grip force. The low-manual-dexterity group also showed a shifted COP position from the center of the object in the medial–lateral direction and in the object roll regardless of the object’s weight; these were closely related in both weights’ tests. These results demonstrated that children with poor manual dexterity show spatial instability and different adaptations to the weight of objects during a precision grip task. Further studies are needed to determine whether these findings would be replicated in children with a diagnosis of DCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Nishi
- Neurorehabilitation Research Center, Kio University, Koryo, Kitatkatsuragi-gun, Nara 635-0832, Japan; (S.N.); (S.M.)
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Kanmaki, Kitatkatsuragi-gun, Nishiyamato Rehabilitation Hospital, Nara 639-0218, Japan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-745-54-1601
| | - Satoshi Nobusako
- Neurorehabilitation Research Center, Kio University, Koryo, Kitatkatsuragi-gun, Nara 635-0832, Japan; (S.N.); (S.M.)
- Graduate School of Health Science, Koryo, Kitatkatsuragi-gun, Kio University, Nara 635-0832, Japan
| | - Taeko Tsujimoto
- Department of Rehabilitation, Nishide Clinic, Kashiwara, Osaka 532-0002, Japan;
| | - Ayami Sakai
- Department of Rehabilitation, Higashi Osaka Yamaji Hospital, HigashiOsaka, Osaka 578-0925, Japan;
| | - Akio Nakai
- Graduate School of Clinical Education & The Center for the Study of Child Development, Institute for Education, Mukogawa Women’s University, Nishinomiya, Hyogo 663-8558, Japan;
| | - Shu Morioka
- Neurorehabilitation Research Center, Kio University, Koryo, Kitatkatsuragi-gun, Nara 635-0832, Japan; (S.N.); (S.M.)
- Graduate School of Health Science, Koryo, Kitatkatsuragi-gun, Kio University, Nara 635-0832, Japan
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Kuijpers R, Smulders E, Groen BE, Smits-Engelsman BCM, Nijhuis-van der Sanden MWG, Weerdesteyn V. Walking adaptability improves after treadmill training in children with Developmental Coordination Disorder: A proof-of-concept study. Gait Posture 2022; 92:258-263. [PMID: 34890915 DOI: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2021.11.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Children with Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) have motor coordination deficits leading to difficulties in sports and play that require adaptations of the walking pattern. Children with DCD indeed demonstrate poorer walking adaptability (WA) compared to typically developing children, but it remains elusive whether WA can be improved by training. RESEARCH QUESTION Does augmented-reality treadmill training lead to improvements in WA in children with DCD? METHODS Seventeen children with DCD were included in this proof-of-concept intervention study. They received a six-session training on the C-mill, a treadmill on which gait adjustments can be evoked by projected visual context. The effect of the training was evaluated before (M1), directly after training (M2) and after 6 months follow-up (M3) using the WAL-K (single and double run) and WA-tasks on the C-mill (as a single and with concurrent visuo-motor and cognitive task). In addition, parents completed a questionnaire on their perception of the training. Linear Mixed Model analyses were performed to assess the differences in WAL-K scores and success rates on the WA-tasks between M1-M2 and M1-M3. RESULTS Children significantly improved on the WAL-K double run and on all three WA-tasks between M1-M2 and M1-M3. Children did not improve on the WAL-K single run. Parents found the training useful and fun for their child and indicated that their child fell less frequently. SIGNIFICANCE The results show that C-mill training had positive and task-specific effects on WA in children with DCD, which effects generalized to an overground task and were retained at 6 months follow-up. This may help children with DCD to better participate in daily activities. Future research should include a control group to examine the effectiveness of the training program compared to receiving no training and may also examine the effect of the training on participation in daily life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosanne Kuijpers
- Sint Maartenskliniek Research, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Department of Rehabilitation, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | - Ellen Smulders
- Department of Rehabilitation, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Avans+, University of Applied Sciences, Master Specialized Physical Therapy, Breda, The Netherlands
| | - Brenda E Groen
- Sint Maartenskliniek Research, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Department of Rehabilitation, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Bouwien C M Smits-Engelsman
- Department of Health & Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Maria W G Nijhuis-van der Sanden
- Department of Rehabilitation, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; IQ Healthcare, Research Institute for Health Sciences, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Vivian Weerdesteyn
- Sint Maartenskliniek Research, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Department of Rehabilitation, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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Subara-Zukic E, Cole MH, McGuckian TB, Steenbergen B, Green D, Smits-Engelsman BCM, Lust JM, Abdollahipour R, Domellöf E, Deconinck FJA, Blank R, Wilson PH. Behavioral and Neuroimaging Research on Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD): A Combined Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Recent Findings. Front Psychol 2022; 13:809455. [PMID: 35153960 PMCID: PMC8829815 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.809455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM The neurocognitive basis of Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD; or motor clumsiness) remains an issue of continued debate. This combined systematic review and meta-analysis provides a synthesis of recent experimental studies on the motor control, cognitive, and neural underpinnings of DCD. METHODS The review included all published work conducted since September 2016 and up to April 2021. One-hundred papers with a DCD-Control comparison were included, with 1,374 effect sizes entered into a multi-level meta-analysis. RESULTS The most profound deficits were shown in: voluntary gaze control during movement; cognitive-motor integration; practice-/context-dependent motor learning; internal modeling; more variable movement kinematics/kinetics; larger safety margins when locomoting, and atypical neural structure and function across sensori-motor and prefrontal regions. INTERPRETATION Taken together, these results on DCD suggest fundamental deficits in visual-motor mapping and cognitive-motor integration, and abnormal maturation of motor networks, but also areas of pragmatic compensation for motor control deficits. Implications for current theory, future research, and evidence-based practice are discussed. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION PROSPERO, identifier: CRD42020185444.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Subara-Zukic
- Healthy Brain and Mind Research Centre, School of Behavioural and Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Michael H. Cole
- Healthy Brain and Mind Research Centre, School of Behavioural and Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Thomas B. McGuckian
- Healthy Brain and Mind Research Centre, School of Behavioural and Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Bert Steenbergen
- Department of Pedagogical and Educational Sciences, Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Dido Green
- Department of Health Sciences, Brunel University London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Rehabilitation, School of Health and Welfare, Jönköping University, Jönköping, Sweden
| | - Bouwien CM Smits-Engelsman
- Division of Physiotherapy, Department of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Jessica M. Lust
- Department of Pedagogical and Educational Sciences, Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Reza Abdollahipour
- Department of Natural Sciences in Kinanthropology, Faculty of Physical Culture, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czechia
| | - Erik Domellöf
- Department of Psychology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | | | - Rainer Blank
- Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
- Klinik für Kinderneurologie und Sozialpädiatrie, Kinderzentrum Maulbronn gGmbH, Maulbronn, Germany
| | - Peter H. Wilson
- Healthy Brain and Mind Research Centre, School of Behavioural and Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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Improving Body Representation and Motor Skills with a Preschool Education Program: A Preliminary Study. CHILDREN 2022; 9:children9010117. [PMID: 35053742 PMCID: PMC8774343 DOI: 10.3390/children9010117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Background: Body representation is described as a fundamental ability to build efficient motor skills. However, no structured and evidence-based program on body representation currently exists. This study assesses the effectiveness of a school-based body representation program (ENCOR: EN for ‘Enfant’ and COR for ‘Corps’ in French) on body representation abilities and motor skills in preschool children. ENCOR focus on body representation abilities as a foundational ability for motor skills. It was designed with teachers and occupational therapists to be autonomously achieved by teachers. Methods: Twenty-three children aged 5–6 years were included and provided with education interventions (control versus ENCOR). Results: Body representation accuracy and precision in localization increased by about 20% and 37%, respectively, in the intervention program compared to the control intervention. In the body part naming task, participants performed fewer of the most frequent errors (i.e., from 198 to 116 left-right discrimination errors). As expected, performance in the body representation tasks and the motor skills tasks were correlated at baseline. We show that motor skills improved after the ENCOR training. Conclusions: Given the need for evidence-based programs in schools, this program could efficiently help implementing body representation education on a large scale. Future studies should evaluate the effectiveness of the program on other cognitive abilities and academic outcomes.
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Van Dyck D, Deconinck N, Aeby A, Baijot S, Coquelet N, Trotta N, Rovai A, Goldman S, Urbain C, Wens V, De Tiège X. Atypical resting-state functional brain connectivity in children with developmental coordination disorder. Neuroimage Clin 2021; 33:102928. [PMID: 34959048 PMCID: PMC8856907 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2021.102928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Children with developmental coordination disorder (DCD) present lower abilities to acquire and execute coordinated motor skills. DCD is frequently associated with visual perceptual (with or without motor component) impairments. This magnetoencephalography (MEG) study compares the brain resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) and spectral power of children with and without DCD. 29 children with DCD and 28 typically developing (TD) peers underwent 2 × 5 min of resting-state MEG. Band-limited power envelope correlation and spectral power were compared between groups using a functional connectome of 59 nodes from eight resting-state networks. Correlation coefficients were calculated between fine and gross motor activity, visual perceptual and visuomotor abilities measures on the one hand, and brain rsFC and spectral power on the other hand. Nonparametric statistics were used. Significantly higher rsFC between nodes of the visual, attentional, frontoparietal, default-mode and cerebellar networks was observed in the alpha (maximum statistics, p = .0012) and the low beta (p = .0002) bands in children with DCD compared to TD peers. Lower visuomotor performance (copying figures) was associated with stronger interhemispheric rsFC within sensorimotor areas and power in the cerebellum (right lobule VIII). Children with DCD showed increased rsFC mainly in the dorsal extrastriate visual brain system and the cerebellum. However, this increase was not associated with their coordinated motor/visual perceptual abilities. This enhanced functional brain connectivity could thus reflect a characteristic brain trait of children with DCD compared to their TD peers. Moreover, an interhemispheric compensatory process might be at play to perform visuomotor task within the normative range.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorine Van Dyck
- Laboratoire de Cartographie Fonctionnelle du Cerveau (LCFC), ULB Neuroscience Institute (UNI), Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium; Department of Neurology, Hôpital Universitaire des Enfants Reine Fabiola (HUDERF), Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Nicolas Deconinck
- Department of Neurology, Hôpital Universitaire des Enfants Reine Fabiola (HUDERF), Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Alec Aeby
- Department of Neurology, Hôpital Universitaire des Enfants Reine Fabiola (HUDERF), Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium; Neuropsychology and Functional Neuroimaging Research Group (UR2NF) at Center for Research in Cognition and Neurosciences (CRCN) and ULB Neurosciences Institute (UNI), Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Simon Baijot
- Department of Neurology, Hôpital Universitaire des Enfants Reine Fabiola (HUDERF), Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium; Neuropsychology and Functional Neuroimaging Research Group (UR2NF) at Center for Research in Cognition and Neurosciences (CRCN) and ULB Neurosciences Institute (UNI), Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Nicolas Coquelet
- Laboratoire de Cartographie Fonctionnelle du Cerveau (LCFC), ULB Neuroscience Institute (UNI), Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Nicola Trotta
- Laboratoire de Cartographie Fonctionnelle du Cerveau (LCFC), ULB Neuroscience Institute (UNI), Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium; Clinics of Functional Neuroimaging, Service of Nuclear Medicine, CUB Hôpital Erasme, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Antonin Rovai
- Laboratoire de Cartographie Fonctionnelle du Cerveau (LCFC), ULB Neuroscience Institute (UNI), Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium; Clinics of Functional Neuroimaging, Service of Nuclear Medicine, CUB Hôpital Erasme, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Serge Goldman
- Laboratoire de Cartographie Fonctionnelle du Cerveau (LCFC), ULB Neuroscience Institute (UNI), Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium; Clinics of Functional Neuroimaging, Service of Nuclear Medicine, CUB Hôpital Erasme, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Charline Urbain
- Laboratoire de Cartographie Fonctionnelle du Cerveau (LCFC), ULB Neuroscience Institute (UNI), Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium; Neuropsychology and Functional Neuroimaging Research Group (UR2NF) at Center for Research in Cognition and Neurosciences (CRCN) and ULB Neurosciences Institute (UNI), Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Vincent Wens
- Laboratoire de Cartographie Fonctionnelle du Cerveau (LCFC), ULB Neuroscience Institute (UNI), Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium; Clinics of Functional Neuroimaging, Service of Nuclear Medicine, CUB Hôpital Erasme, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Xavier De Tiège
- Laboratoire de Cartographie Fonctionnelle du Cerveau (LCFC), ULB Neuroscience Institute (UNI), Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium; Clinics of Functional Neuroimaging, Service of Nuclear Medicine, CUB Hôpital Erasme, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
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A sensorimotor representation impairment in dyslexic adults: A specific profile of comorbidy. Neuropsychologia 2021; 165:108134. [PMID: 34953794 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2021.108134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Sensorimotor disorders have been frequently reported in children and adults with dyslexia over the past 30 years. The present study aimed to determine the impact of sensorimotor comorbidity risks in dyslexia by investigating the functional links between phonological and sensorimotor representations in young dyslexic adults. Using 52 dyslexic participants and 58 normo-readers, we investigated whether the underlying phonological deficit, which is reported in the literature, was associated with a general impairment of sensorimotor representations of articulatory and bodily actions. Internal action representations were explored through motor imagery tasks, consisting of measuring and comparing the durations of performed or imagined actions chosen from their current repertoire of daily life activities. To detect sensorimotor deficits, all participants completed the extended version of the M-ABC 2, as a reference test. We found sensorimotor impairments in 27% of the young adult dyslexics, then considered as sensorimotor comorbid, as opposed to much less in the normo-reader group (5%). While motor slowdown, reflecting motor difficulty, was present in all dyslexic adults, motor imagery performance was impacted only in the specific dyslexic subgroup with sensorimotor impairments. Moreover, in contrast with slowness, only the comorbid subgroup showed an increased variability in execution durations. The present study highlights the importance of the quality of perception-action coupling, questions the relevance of investigating sensorimotor impairment profiles beyond phonological deficits and provides new arguments supporting the perspective of multiple deficits approaches in dyslexia.
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Martel M, Boulenger V, Koun E, Finos L, Farnè A, Roy AC. Body schema plasticity is altered in Developmental Coordination Disorder. Neuropsychologia 2021; 166:108136. [PMID: 34953795 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2021.108136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) is a pathological condition characterized by impaired motor skills. Current theories advance that a deficit of the internal models is mainly responsible for DCD children's altered behavior. Yet, accurate movement execution requires not only correct movement planning, but also integration of sensory feedback into body representation for action (Body Schema) to update the state of the body. Here we advance and test the hypothesis that the plasticity of this body representation is altered in DCD. To probe Body Schema (BS) plasticity, we submitted a well-established tool-use paradigm to seventeen DCD children, required to reach for an object with their hand before and after tool use, and compared their movement kinematics to that of a control group of Typically Developing (TD) peers. We also asked both groups to provide explicit estimates of their arm length to probe plasticity of their Body Image (BI). Results revealed that DCD children explicitly judged their arm shorter after tool use, showing changes in their BI comparable to their TD peers. Unlike them, though, DCD did not update their implicit BS estimate: kinematics showed that tool use affected their peak amplitudes, but not their latencies. Remarkably, the kinematics of tool use showed that the motor control of the tool was comparable between groups, both improving with practice, confirming that motor learning abilities are preserved in DCD. This study thus brings evidence in favor of an alternative theoretical account of the DCD etiology. Our findings point to a deficit in the plasticity of the body representation used to plan and execute movements. Though not mutually exclusive, this widens the theoretical perspective under which DCD should be considered: DCD may not be limited to a problem affecting the internal models and their motor functions, but may concern the state of the effector they have to use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Martel
- Laboratoire Dynamique Du Langage, UMR5596, CNRS/University Lyon 2, Lyon, France; Integrative Multisensory Perception Action & Cognition Team - ImpAct, Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, INSERM U1028, CNRS U5292, University Lyon 1, Lyon, France.
| | - Véronique Boulenger
- Laboratoire Dynamique Du Langage, UMR5596, CNRS/University Lyon 2, Lyon, France
| | - Eric Koun
- Integrative Multisensory Perception Action & Cognition Team - ImpAct, Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, INSERM U1028, CNRS U5292, University Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Livio Finos
- Department of Statistical Sciences, University of Padua, Italy
| | - Alessandro Farnè
- Integrative Multisensory Perception Action & Cognition Team - ImpAct, Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, INSERM U1028, CNRS U5292, University Lyon 1, Lyon, France; Hospices Civils de Lyon, Mouvement et Handicap, Neuro-immersion, Lyon, France; Center for Mind/Brain Sciences (CIMeC), University of Trento, Italy
| | - Alice Catherine Roy
- Laboratoire Dynamique Du Langage, UMR5596, CNRS/University Lyon 2, Lyon, France; Center for Mind/Brain Sciences (CIMeC), University of Trento, Italy
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Lense MD, Ladányi E, Rabinowitch TC, Trainor L, Gordon R. Rhythm and timing as vulnerabilities in neurodevelopmental disorders. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2021; 376:20200327. [PMID: 34420385 PMCID: PMC8380970 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2020.0327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Millions of children are impacted by neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs), which unfold early in life, have varying genetic etiologies and can involve a variety of specific or generalized impairments in social, cognitive and motor functioning requiring potentially lifelong specialized supports. While specific disorders vary in their domain of primary deficit (e.g. autism spectrum disorder (social), attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (attention), developmental coordination disorder (motor) and developmental language disorder (language)), comorbidities between NDDs are common. Intriguingly, many NDDs are associated with difficulties in skills related to rhythm, timing and synchrony though specific profiles of rhythm/timing impairments vary across disorders. Impairments in rhythm/timing may instantiate vulnerabilities for a variety of NDDs and may contribute to both the primary symptoms of each disorder as well as the high levels of comorbidities across disorders. Drawing upon genetic, neural, behavioural and interpersonal constructs across disorders, we consider how disrupted rhythm and timing skills early in life may contribute to atypical developmental cascades that involve overlapping symptoms within the context of a disorder's primary deficits. Consideration of the developmental context, as well as common and unique aspects of the phenotypes of different NDDs, will inform experimental designs to test this hypothesis including via potential mechanistic intervention approaches. This article is part of the theme issue 'Synchrony and rhythm interaction: from the brain to behavioural ecology'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam D. Lense
- Department of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Vanderbilt Kennedy Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Eniko Ladányi
- Department of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | | | - Laurel Trainor
- Department of Psychology, Neuroscience and Behaviour, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Reyna Gordon
- Department of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Vanderbilt Kennedy Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
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Effect of Motor Imagery Training on Motor Learning in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18189467. [PMID: 34574389 PMCID: PMC8465066 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18189467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 08/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Background: There is an urgent need to systematically analyze the growing body of literature on the effect of motor imagery (MI) training in children and adolescents. Methods: Seven databases and clinicaltrials.gov were searched. Two reviewers independently screened references and full texts, and extracted data (studies’ methodology, MI elements, temporal parameters). Two studies were meta-analyzed providing the standard mean difference (SDM). Selected studies were evaluated with the risk of bias (RoB) and GRADE tools. Results: A total of 7238 references were retrieved. The sample size of the 22 included studies, published between 1995 and 2021, ranged from 18 to 136 participants, totaling 934 (nine to 18 years). Studies included healthy pupils, mentally retarded adolescents, children with motor coordination difficulties or with mild mental disabilities. The motor learning tasks focused on upper, lower and whole body movements. SMDs for the primary outcome of pooled studies varied between 0.83 to 1.87 (95% CI, I2, T2 varied 0.33–3.10; p = 0.001; 0–74%; 0–0.59). RoB varied between some concerns and high risk. GRADE rating was low. Conclusions: MI combined with physical practice (PP) might have a high potential for healthy and impaired children and adolescents. However, important reporting recommendations (PETTLEP, TIDieR, CONSORT) should be followed. The systematic review was registered with PROSPERO: CRD42021237361.
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Krajenbrink H, Lust JM, Beckers DGJ, Steenbergen B. Second-order motor planning difficulties in children with developmental coordination disorder. Hum Mov Sci 2021; 79:102836. [PMID: 34252757 DOI: 10.1016/j.humov.2021.102836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Revised: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The second-order motor planning ability of children with developmental coordination disorder (DCD) has often been studied using tasks that require judgements of end-state comfort (ESC). In these studies, children may have chosen to prioritize other aspects of performance (e.g., a comfortable start-posture) over ESC while still being able to complete the goal of the task. This is a limitation that is inherent to previously used ESC paradigms. To avoid this in the present study, 52 children with and without DCD (aged 5-12 years) completed a task that requires second-order motor planning for its successful completion. In the hexagonal knob task, children were instructed to grasp and rotate a hexagonal knob. The rotation angle varied in size: 60°, 120°, 180°, and 240° rotations. Both the 180° and 240° rotation conditions required an uncomfortable starting posture for successful task completion. Results showed that children with DCD were less likely to adjust their initial grip in anticipation of the required rotation angle, resulting in more task failures compared with typically developing (TD) children. Based on this finding we conclude that children with DCD experience genuine second-order motor planning difficulties. Analysis of temporal outcomes, showed that initial reaction time increased with rotation angle, but this was less pronounced for children with DCD than for TD children. There were no between group differences in timing of subsequent events. These results suggest that the difficulties of children with DCD are related to the initial planning process, that is, before the start of the movement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hilde Krajenbrink
- Behavioural Science Institute (BSI), Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
| | - Jessica M Lust
- Behavioural Science Institute (BSI), Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Debby G J Beckers
- Behavioural Science Institute (BSI), Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Bert Steenbergen
- Behavioural Science Institute (BSI), Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Centre for Disability and Development Research (CeDDR), School of Behavioural and Health Sciences, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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Izadi-Najafabadi S, Zwicker JG. White Matter Changes With Rehabilitation in Children With Developmental Coordination Disorder: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Front Hum Neurosci 2021; 15:673003. [PMID: 34149383 PMCID: PMC8209514 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2021.673003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Children with developmental coordination disorder (DCD) have difficulty learning motor skills, which can affect their participation in activities of daily living and psychosocial well-being. Over 50% of children with DCD also have attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), which further exacerbates their motor problems and impact on quality of life. A rehabilitation approach known as Cognitive Orientation to Occupational Performance uses problem-solving strategies to help children learn motor skills they wish to achieve. While this cognitive approach has been effective for children with DCD, few studies have examined the effectiveness of this approach for children with co-occurring ADHD. Further, the underlying mechanism and neural basis of this intervention are largely unknown. Methods: In this randomized waitlist-controlled trial, we used MRI to examine white matter microstructure after intervention in 8–12-year-old children with DCD (n = 28) and with DCD and co-occurring ADHD (n = 25). Children in both groups were randomized to either a treatment group or waitlist group at their first MRI. The treatment group began the intervention after their MRI scan and returned for a post-treatment scan at 3 months, and follow-up scan at 6 months; the waitlist group waited 3 months before their second MRI, received the intervention, and then had a post-treatment scan. Each child received intervention once weekly for 10 weeks. Diffusion tensor imaging was used to acquire white matter diffusion parameters and was analyzed using tract-based spatial statistics (TBSS). Results and Conclusion: Children with DCD showed significant improvement in white matter microstructure in the bilateral anterior thalamic radiation, bilateral sensorimotor tract, bilateral cingulum, fornix, splenium and body of corpus callosum, right inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus, and white matter pathways to bilateral inferior gyri, right middle frontal gyrus, frontal medial cortex, and left cuneus. We suggest that these rehabilitation-induced neural changes in children with DCD occurred in regions associated with attention, self-regulation, motor planning, and inter-hemispheric communication, which positively affected brain connectivity and motor function. In contrast, children with DCD and co-occurring ADHD did not show any brain changes following the intervention. Modifications to the treatment protocol might help address the attentional and self-regulatory needs of children with a dual diagnosis. Clinical Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT02597751.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Izadi-Najafabadi
- Graduate Programs in Rehabilitation Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Brain, Behaviour, and Development Theme, BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Jill G Zwicker
- Brain, Behaviour, and Development Theme, BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Sunny Hill Health Centre at BC Children's Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,CanChild Centre for Childhood Disability Research, Hamilton, ON, Canada
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48
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Ionta S. Visual Neuropsychology in Development: Anatomo-Functional Brain Mechanisms of Action/Perception Binding in Health and Disease. Front Hum Neurosci 2021; 15:689912. [PMID: 34135745 PMCID: PMC8203289 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2021.689912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Vision is the main entrance for environmental input to the human brain. Even if vision is our most used sensory modality, its importance is not limited to environmental exploration. Rather it has strong links to motor competences, further extending to cognitive and social aspects of human life. These multifaceted relationships are particularly important in developmental age and become dramatically evident in presence of complex deficits originating from visual aberrancies. The present review summarizes the available neuropsychological evidence on the development of visual competences, with a particular focus on the associated visuo-motor integration skills in health and disease. With the aim of supporting future research and interventional settings, the goal of the present review is to constitute a solid base to help the translation of neuropsychological hypotheses into straightforward empirical investigations and rehabilitation/training protocols. This approach will further increase the impact, ameliorate the acceptance, and ease the use and implementation of lab-derived intervention protocols in real-life situations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvio Ionta
- Sensory-Motor Lab (SeMoLa), Department of Ophthalmology-University of Lausanne, Jules Gonin Eye Hospital-Fondation Asile des Aveugles, Lausanne, Switzerland
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Scott MW, Wood G, Holmes PS, Williams J, Marshall B, Wright DJ. Combined action observation and motor imagery: An intervention to combat the neural and behavioural deficits associated with developmental coordination disorder. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2021; 127:638-646. [PMID: 34022280 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Action observation (AO) and motor imagery (MI) have been used separately across different populations to alleviate movement impairment. Recently these two forms of covert motor simulation have been combined (combined action observation and motor imagery; AOMI), resulting in greater neurophysiological activity in the motor system, and more favourable behavioural outcomes when compared to independent AO and MI. This review aims to outline how some of the neural deficits associated with developmental coordination disorder (DCD) are evident during AO and MI, and highlight how these motor simulation techniques have been used independently to improve motor skill learning in children in this population. The growing body of evidence indicating that AOMI is superior to the independent use of either AO and MI is then synthesised and discussed in the context of children with DCD. To conclude, recommendations to optimise the delivery of AOMI for children with DCD are provided and future avenues for research are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew W Scott
- Research Centre for Health, Psychology and Communities, Department of Psychology, Faculty of Health, Psychology and Social Care, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK.
| | - Greg Wood
- Research Centre for Musculoskeletal Science and Sports Medicine, Department of Sport and Exercise Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK
| | - Paul S Holmes
- Research Centre for Health, Psychology and Communities, Department of Psychology, Faculty of Health, Psychology and Social Care, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK
| | - Jacqueline Williams
- Institute for Health and Sport, College of Sport and Exercise Science, Victoria University, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ben Marshall
- Research Centre for Musculoskeletal Science and Sports Medicine, Department of Sport and Exercise Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK
| | - David J Wright
- Research Centre for Health, Psychology and Communities, Department of Psychology, Faculty of Health, Psychology and Social Care, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK
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50
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Arthur T, Harris DJ, Allen K, Naylor CE, Wood G, Vine S, Wilson MR, Tsaneva-Atanasova K, Buckingham G. Visuo-motor attention during object interaction in children with developmental coordination disorder. Cortex 2021; 138:318-328. [PMID: 33780720 PMCID: PMC8064026 DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2021.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Revised: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 10/29/2022]
Abstract
Developmental coordination disorder (DCD) describes a condition of poor motor performance in the absence of intellectual impairment. Despite being one of the most prevalent developmental disorders, little is known about how fundamental visuomotor processes might function in this group. One prevalent idea is children with DCD interact with their environment in a less predictive fashion than typically developing children. A metric of prediction which has not been examined in this group is the degree to which the hands and eyes are coordinated when performing manual tasks. To this end, we examined hand and eye movements during an object lifting task in a group of children with DCD (n = 19) and an age-matched group of children without DCD (n = 39). We observed no differences between the groups in terms of how well they coordinated their hands and eyes when lifting objects, nor in terms of the degree by which the eye led the hand. We thus find no evidence to support the proposition that children with DCD coordinate their hands and eyes in a non-predictive fashion. In a follow-up exploratory analysis we did, however, note differences in fundamental patterns of eye movements between the groups, with children in the DCD group showing some evidence of atypical visual sampling strategies and gaze anchoring behaviours during the task.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tom Arthur
- Department of Sport and Health Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, UK
| | - David J Harris
- Department of Sport and Health Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, UK
| | - Kate Allen
- Department of Sport and Health Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, UK; Department of Health and Social Care, College of Medicine and Health, University of Exeter, UK
| | | | - Greg Wood
- Department of Sport and Exercise Sciences, Research Centre for Musculoskeletal Science and Sports Medicine, Manchester Metropolitan University, UK
| | - Sam Vine
- Department of Sport and Health Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, UK
| | - Mark R Wilson
- Department of Sport and Health Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, UK
| | - Krasimira Tsaneva-Atanasova
- Department of Mathematics, College of Engineering, Mathematics, and Physical Sciences, University of Exeter, UK; Translational Research Exchange @ Exeter, University of Exeter, UK
| | - Gavin Buckingham
- Department of Sport and Health Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, UK; Translational Research Exchange @ Exeter, University of Exeter, UK.
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