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He B, Wang Y, Li H, Huang Y. The role of integrin beta in schizophrenia: a preliminary exploration. CNS Spectr 2023; 28:561-570. [PMID: 36274632 DOI: 10.1017/s1092852922001080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Integrins are transmembrane heterodimeric (αβ) receptors that transduce mechanical signals between the extracellular milieu and the cell in a bidirectional manner. Extensive research has shown that the integrin beta (β) family is widely expressed in the brain and that they control various aspects of brain development and function. Schizophrenia is a relatively common neurological disorder of unknown etiology and has been found to be closely related to neurodevelopment and neurochemicals in neuropathological studies of schizophrenia. Here, we review literature from recent years that shows that schizophrenia involves multiple signaling pathways related to neuronal migration, axon guidance, cell adhesion, and actin cytoskeleton dynamics, and that dysregulation of these processes affects the normal function of neurons and synapses. In fact, alterations in integrin β structure, expression and signaling for neural circuits, cortex, and synapses are likely to be associated with schizophrenia. We explored several aspects of the possible association between integrin β and schizophrenia in an attempt to demonstrate the role of integrin β in schizophrenia, which may help to provide new insights into the study of the pathogenesis and treatment of schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binshan He
- Department of Blood Transfusion, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Yuhan Wang
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Ya'an People's Hospital, Ya'an, China
| | - Huang Li
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Yuanshuai Huang
- Department of Blood Transfusion, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
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2
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Lopuch AJ, Swinehart BD, Widener EL, Holley ZL, Bland KM, Handwerk CJ, Brett CA, Cook HN, Kalinowski AR, Rodriguez HV, Song MI, Vidal GS. Integrin β3 in forebrain Emx1-expressing cells regulates repetitive self-grooming and sociability in mice. BMC Neurosci 2022; 23:12. [PMID: 35247972 PMCID: PMC8897866 DOI: 10.1186/s12868-022-00691-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is characterized by repetitive behaviors, deficits in communication, and overall impaired social interaction. Of all the integrin subunit mutations, mutations in integrin β3 (Itgb3) may be the most closely associated with ASD. Integrin β3 is required for normal structural plasticity of dendrites and synapses specifically in excitatory cortical and hippocampal circuitry. However, the behavioral consequences of Itgb3 function in the forebrain have not been assessed. We tested the hypothesis that behaviors that are typically abnormal in ASD-such as self-grooming and sociability behaviors-are disrupted with conditional Itgb3 loss of function in forebrain circuitry in male and female mice. METHODS We generated male and female conditional knockouts (cKO) and conditional heterozygotes (cHET) of Itgb3 in excitatory neurons and glia that were derived from Emx1-expressing forebrain cells during development. We used several different assays to determine whether male and female cKO and cHET mice have repetitive self-grooming behaviors, anxiety-like behaviors, abnormal locomotion, compulsive-like behaviors, or abnormal social behaviors, when compared to male and female wildtype (WT) mice. RESULTS Our findings indicate that only self-grooming and sociability are altered in cKO, but not cHET or WT mice, suggesting that Itgb3 is specifically required in forebrain Emx1-expressing cells for normal repetitive self-grooming and social behaviors. Furthermore, in cKO (but not cHET or WT), we observed an interaction effect for sex and self-grooming environment and an interaction effect for sex and sociability test chamber. LIMITATIONS While this study demonstrated a role for forebrain Itgb3 in specific repetitive and social behaviors, it was unable to determine whether forebrain Itgb3 is required for a preference for social novelty, whether cHET are haploinsufficient with respect to repetitive self-grooming and social behaviors, or the nature of the interaction effect for sex and environment/chamber in affected behaviors of cKO. CONCLUSIONS Together, these findings strengthen the idea that Itgb3 has a specific role in shaping forebrain circuitry that is relevant to endophenotypes of autism spectrum disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew J Lopuch
- Department of Biology, James Madison University, 951 Carrier Drive, Harrisonburg, VA, 22807, USA
| | - Brian D Swinehart
- Department of Biology, James Madison University, 951 Carrier Drive, Harrisonburg, VA, 22807, USA
| | - Eden L Widener
- Department of Biology, James Madison University, 951 Carrier Drive, Harrisonburg, VA, 22807, USA
| | - Z Logan Holley
- Department of Biology, James Madison University, 951 Carrier Drive, Harrisonburg, VA, 22807, USA
| | - Katherine M Bland
- Department of Biology, James Madison University, 951 Carrier Drive, Harrisonburg, VA, 22807, USA
| | - Christopher J Handwerk
- Department of Biology, James Madison University, 951 Carrier Drive, Harrisonburg, VA, 22807, USA
| | - Cooper A Brett
- Department of Biology, James Madison University, 951 Carrier Drive, Harrisonburg, VA, 22807, USA
| | - Hollyn N Cook
- Department of Biology, James Madison University, 951 Carrier Drive, Harrisonburg, VA, 22807, USA
| | - Anna R Kalinowski
- Department of Biology, James Madison University, 951 Carrier Drive, Harrisonburg, VA, 22807, USA
| | - Hilda V Rodriguez
- Department of Biology, James Madison University, 951 Carrier Drive, Harrisonburg, VA, 22807, USA
| | - M Irene Song
- Department of Biology, James Madison University, 951 Carrier Drive, Harrisonburg, VA, 22807, USA
| | - George S Vidal
- Department of Biology, James Madison University, 951 Carrier Drive, Harrisonburg, VA, 22807, USA.
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3
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Stanić D, Oved K, Israel-Elgali I, Jukić M, Batinić B, Puškaš N, Shomron N, Gurwitz D, Pešić V. Synergy of oxytocin and citalopram in modulating Itgb3/Chl1 interplay: Relevance to sensitivity to SSRI therapy. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2021; 129:105234. [PMID: 33930757 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2021.105234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2020] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Intranasal treatment with oxytocin showed beneficial effects in post-traumatic stress disorder and autism spectrum disorders; however, it was not investigated as much in depression. Keeping in mind the favorable effects of oxytocin on animal models of anxiety and depression, we postulated that synergy between prescribed first choice drugs, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and oxytocin could improve the treatment outcome compared with SSRI monotherapy. Our previous in vitro genome-wide transcriptomic study on human lymphoblastoid cell lines exposed to paroxetine resulted in increase of integrin β3 (ITGB3) gene expression, and further, ITGB3/CHL1 expression ratio was hypothesized to influence the sensitivity to SSRIs. The aim of this report was to explore molecular mechanisms behind the antidepressant-like oxytocin effect, alone and in synergy with citalopram, on behavioral and molecular level in corticosterone treated rats, a paradigm used to model anxiety and depression in animals. Oxytocin treatment (1) ameliorated corticosterone-induced reduction of neurogenesis and number of parvalbumin-positive interneurons in the hippocampal CA1 region, (2) enhanced anxiolytic- and antidepressant-like effects of citalopram in the open field test, and (3) the SSRI/oxytocin synergy persisted in reversing the reduction of the Itgb3 gene expression and increased Itgb3/Chl1 ratio in the prefrontal cortices. These results support the existence of synergy between citalopram and oxytocin in reversing the molecular and behavioral changes induced by corticosterone treatment and point to possible molecular mechanisms behind antidepressant-like effect of oxytocin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dušanka Stanić
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11121 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Keren Oved
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Ifat Israel-Elgali
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel; Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel; Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Marin Jukić
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11121 Belgrade, Serbia; Section of Pharmacogenetics, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Bojan Batinić
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11121 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Nela Puškaš
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Noam Shomron
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel; Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - David Gurwitz
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel; Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Vesna Pešić
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11121 Belgrade, Serbia.
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4
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Lorsung E, Karthikeyan R, Cao R. Biological Timing and Neurodevelopmental Disorders: A Role for Circadian Dysfunction in Autism Spectrum Disorders. Front Neurosci 2021; 15:642745. [PMID: 33776640 PMCID: PMC7994532 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.642745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) are a spectrum of neurodevelopmental disorders characterized by impaired social interaction and communication, as well as stereotyped and repetitive behaviors. ASDs affect nearly 2% of the United States child population and the worldwide prevalence has dramatically increased in recent years. The etiology is not clear but ASD is thought to be caused by a combination of intrinsic and extrinsic factors. Circadian rhythms are the ∼24 h rhythms driven by the endogenous biological clock, and they are found in a variety of physiological processes. Growing evidence from basic and clinical studies suggest that the dysfunction of the circadian timing system may be associated with ASD and its pathogenesis. Here we review the findings that link circadian dysfunctions to ASD in both experimental and clinical studies. We first introduce the organization of the circadian system and ASD. Next, we review physiological indicators of circadian rhythms that are found disrupted in ASD individuals, including sleep-wake cycles, melatonin, cortisol, and serotonin. Finally, we review evidence in epidemiology, human genetics, and biochemistry that indicates underlying associations between circadian regulation and the pathogenesis of ASD. In conclusion, we propose that understanding the functional importance of the circadian clock in normal and aberrant neurodevelopmental processes may provide a novel perspective to tackle ASD, and clinical treatments for ASD individuals should comprise an integrative approach considering the dynamics of daily rhythms in physical, mental, and social processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ethan Lorsung
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Minnesota Medical School, Duluth, MN, United States
| | - Ramanujam Karthikeyan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Minnesota Medical School, Duluth, MN, United States
| | - Ruifeng Cao
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Minnesota Medical School, Duluth, MN, United States
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, United States
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5
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Swinehart BD, Bland KM, Holley ZL, Lopuch AJ, Casey ZO, Handwerk CJ, Vidal GS. Integrin β3 organizes dendritic complexity of cerebral cortical pyramidal neurons along a tangential gradient. Mol Brain 2020; 13:168. [PMID: 33317577 PMCID: PMC7734815 DOI: 10.1186/s13041-020-00707-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Dysfunctional dendritic arborization is a key feature of many developmental neurological disorders. Across various human brain regions, basal dendritic complexity is known to increase along a caudal-to-rostral gradient. We recently discovered that basal dendritic complexity of layer II/III cortical pyramidal neurons in the mouse increases along a caudomedial-to-rostrolateral gradient spanning multiple regions, but at the time, no molecules were known to regulate that exquisite pattern. Integrin subunits have been implicated in dendritic development, and the subunit with the strongest associations with autism spectrum disorder and intellectual disability is integrin β3 (Itgb3). In mice, global knockout of Itgb3 leads to autistic-like neuroanatomy and behavior. Here, we tested the hypothesis that Itgb3 is required for increasing dendritic complexity along the recently discovered tangential gradient among layer II/III cortical pyramidal neurons. We targeted a subset of layer II/III cortical pyramidal neurons for Itgb3 loss-of-function via Cre-loxP-mediated excision of Itgb3. We tracked the rostrocaudal and mediolateral position of the targeted neurons and reconstructed their dendritic arbors. In contrast to controls, the basal dendritic complexity of Itgb3 mutant neurons was not related to their cortical position. Basal dendritic complexity of mutant and control neurons differed because of overall changes in branch number across multiple branch orders (primary, secondary, etc.), rather than any changes in the average length at those branch orders. Furthermore, dendritic spine density was related to cortical position in control but not mutant neurons. Thus, the autism susceptibility gene Itgb3 is required for establishing a tangential pattern of basal dendritic complexity among layer II/III cortical pyramidal neurons, suggesting an early role for this molecule in the developing brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian D Swinehart
- Department of Biology, James Madison University, 951 Carrier Drive, Harrisonburg, VA, 22801, USA
| | - Katherine M Bland
- Department of Biology, James Madison University, 951 Carrier Drive, Harrisonburg, VA, 22801, USA
| | - Z Logan Holley
- Department of Biology, James Madison University, 951 Carrier Drive, Harrisonburg, VA, 22801, USA
| | - Andrew J Lopuch
- Department of Biology, James Madison University, 951 Carrier Drive, Harrisonburg, VA, 22801, USA
| | - Zachary O Casey
- Department of Biology, James Madison University, 951 Carrier Drive, Harrisonburg, VA, 22801, USA
| | - Christopher J Handwerk
- Department of Biology, James Madison University, 951 Carrier Drive, Harrisonburg, VA, 22801, USA
| | - George S Vidal
- Department of Biology, James Madison University, 951 Carrier Drive, Harrisonburg, VA, 22801, USA.
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6
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Padmakumar M, Van Raes E, Van Geet C, Freson K. Blood platelet research in autism spectrum disorders: In search of biomarkers. Res Pract Thromb Haemost 2019; 3:566-577. [PMID: 31624776 PMCID: PMC6781926 DOI: 10.1002/rth2.12239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a clinically heterogeneous neurodevelopmental disorder that is caused by gene-environment interactions. To improve its diagnosis and treatment, numerous efforts have been undertaken to identify reliable biomarkers for autism. None of them have delivered the holy grail that represents a reproducible, quantifiable, and sensitive biomarker. Though blood platelets are mainly known to prevent bleeding, they also play pivotal roles in cancer, inflammation, and neurological disorders. Platelets could serve as a peripheral biomarker or cellular model for autism as they share common biological and molecular characteristics with neurons. In particular, platelet-dense granules contain neurotransmitters such as serotonin and gamma-aminobutyric acid. Molecular players controlling granule formation and secretion are similarly regulated in platelets and neurons. The major platelet integrin receptor αIIbβ3 has recently been linked to ASD as a regulator of serotonin transport. Though many studies revealed associations between platelet markers and ASD, there is an important knowledge gap in linking these markers with autism and explaining the altered platelet phenotypes detected in autism patients. The present review enumerates studies of different biomarkers detected in ASD using platelets and highlights the future needs to bring this research to the next level and advance our understanding of this complex disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manisha Padmakumar
- Department of Cardiovascular SciencesCenter for Molecular and Vascular BiologyKU LeuvenLeuvenBelgium
| | - Eveline Van Raes
- Department of Cardiovascular SciencesCenter for Molecular and Vascular BiologyKU LeuvenLeuvenBelgium
| | - Chris Van Geet
- Department of Cardiovascular SciencesCenter for Molecular and Vascular BiologyKU LeuvenLeuvenBelgium
| | - Kathleen Freson
- Department of Cardiovascular SciencesCenter for Molecular and Vascular BiologyKU LeuvenLeuvenBelgium
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7
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Gabriele S, Canali M, Lintas C, Sacco R, Tirindelli MC, Ricciardello A, Persico AM. Evidence that ITGB3 promoter variants increase serotonin blood levels by regulating platelet serotonin transporter trafficking. Hum Mol Genet 2019; 28:1153-1161. [PMID: 30535103 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddy421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2018] [Revised: 11/29/2018] [Accepted: 11/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Elevated serotonin (5-HT) blood levels, the first biomarker identified in autism research, has been consistently found in 20-30% of patients with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Hyperserotonemia is mainly due to greater 5-HT uptake into platelets, mediated by the 5-HT transporter (SERT) located at the platelet plasma membrane. The protein complex involved in platelet SERT trafficking and externalization includes integrin β3, the beta subunit of the platelet membrane adhesive GP IIb/IIIa. Integrin β3 is encoded by the ITGB3 gene, previously identified as a quantitative trait locus (QTL) for 5-HT blood levels in ASD at single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs2317385. The present study aims to identify the functional ITGB3 gene variants contributing to hyperserotonemia. ITGB3 gene sequencing in 20 individuals selected on the basis of rs2317385 genotypes defined four haplotypes encompassing six SNPs located in the ITGB3 gene promoter region, all in linkage disequilibrium with rs2317385. Luciferase assays in two hematopoietic cell lines, K-562 and HEL 92.1.7, demonstrate that ITGB3 gene promoter activity is enhanced by the presence of the C allele at rs55827077 specifically during differentiation into megakaryocytes (P < 0.01), with modulatory effects by flanking SNPs. This same allele is strongly associated with (a) higher 5-HT blood levels in 176 autistic individuals (P < 0.001), (b) greater platelet integrin β3 protein expression (P < 0.05) and (c) enhanced SERT trafficking from the cytosol toward the platelet plasma membrane (P = 4.05 × 10-11). Our results support rs55827077 as the functional ITGB3 gene promoter variant contributing to elevated 5-HT blood levels in ASD and define a mechanistic chain of events linking ITGB3 to hyperserotonemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Gabriele
- Center for Neurodevelopmental Disorders & Laboratory of Molecular Psychiatry and Neurogenetics, Department of Medicine, University Campus Bio-Medico, Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Canali
- Center for Neurodevelopmental Disorders & Laboratory of Molecular Psychiatry and Neurogenetics, Department of Medicine, University Campus Bio-Medico, Rome, Italy
| | - Carla Lintas
- Center for Neurodevelopmental Disorders & Laboratory of Molecular Psychiatry and Neurogenetics, Department of Medicine, University Campus Bio-Medico, Rome, Italy
| | - Roberto Sacco
- Center for Neurodevelopmental Disorders & Laboratory of Molecular Psychiatry and Neurogenetics, Department of Medicine, University Campus Bio-Medico, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Arianna Ricciardello
- Interdepartmental Program "Autism 0-90", "Gaetano Martino" University Hospital, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Antonio M Persico
- Interdepartmental Program "Autism 0-90", "Gaetano Martino" University Hospital, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.,Mafalda Luce Center for Pervasive Developmental Disorders, Milan, Italy
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8
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Pan H, Dohn MR, Kingston R, Carneiro AMD. Integrin αVβ3 Function Influences Citalopram Immobility Behavior in the Tail Suspension Test. Front Neurosci 2019; 13:70. [PMID: 30787865 PMCID: PMC6372549 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2019.00070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2018] [Accepted: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Human studies first identified genetic and expression interactions between integrin β3 and serotonin (5-HT) transporter (SERT) genes. This association has been further strengthened by our discovery that integrin β3-containing receptors (αvβ3) physically interact with, and thereby define, a subpopulation of SERTs that may represent the main target of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs). In this study, we examine how integrin αvβ3 function influences the behavioral response to the highly SSRI citalopram in the tail suspension test. Mice bearing a conditional deletion of the integrin β3 gene in neurons, or those expressing a constitutively active αvβ3 receptor, have decreased sensitivity to citalopram, when compared to wild-type littermates. To identify potential signaling pathways downstream of integrin αvβ3 that could be altered in these mouse lines, and consequently influence citalopram response in vivo, we performed antibody array analyses of midbrain synaptosomes isolated from mice bearing genetically altered integrin β3. We then pharmacologically targeted focal adhesion (FAK) and extracellular-signal-regulated (ERK) kinases and determined that FAK and ERK activity are critical for the actions of citalopram. Taken together, our studies have revealed a complex relationship between integrin αvβ3 function, SERT-dependent 5-HT uptake, and the effective dose of citalopram in the TST, thus implicating a role for integrin signaling pathways in the behavioral response to SSRIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hope Pan
- Department of Pharmacology, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Michael R Dohn
- Department of Pharmacology, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Rody Kingston
- Department of Pharmacology, Nashville, TN, United States
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9
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Sener EF, Taheri S, Sahin MC, Bayramov KK, Marasli MK, Zararsiz G, Mehmetbeyoglu E, Oztop DB, Canpolat M, Canatan H, Ozkul Y. Altered Global mRNA Expressions of Pain and Aggression Related Genes in the Blood of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders. J Mol Neurosci 2018; 67:89-96. [PMID: 30519864 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-018-1213-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2018] [Accepted: 11/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is characterized by repetitive stereotypic behaviors, restricted interests, social withdrawal, and communication deficits. Aggression and insensitivity to pain are largely unexplained in these cases. We analyzed nine mRNA expressions of the candidate genes related to aggression and insensitivity to pain in the peripheral blood of patients with ASD. Whole blood samples were obtained from 40 autistic patients (33 boys, 7 girls) and 50 age- and sex-matched controls (37 boys and 13 girls) to isolate RNA. Gene expression was assessed by quantitative Real-Time PCR (qRT-PCR) in the Erciyes University Genome and Stem Cell Center (GENKOK). All of the gene expressions except CRHR1 and SLC6A4 were found to be statistically different between the ASD patients and controls. Gene expression also differed according to gender. Alterations in the mRNA expression patterns of the HTR1E, OPRL1, OPRM1, TACR1, PRKG1, SCN9A and DRD4 genes provide further evidence for a relevant effect of the respective candidate genes on the pathophysiology of ASD. Future studies may determine the sensitivity of these candidate markers in larger samples including further neuropsychiatric diagnosis.
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MESH Headings
- Aggression
- Autism Spectrum Disorder/blood
- Autism Spectrum Disorder/genetics
- Autism Spectrum Disorder/physiopathology
- Biomarkers/blood
- Child, Preschool
- Cyclic GMP-Dependent Protein Kinase Type I/genetics
- Cyclic GMP-Dependent Protein Kinase Type I/metabolism
- Female
- Humans
- Male
- NAV1.7 Voltage-Gated Sodium Channel/genetics
- NAV1.7 Voltage-Gated Sodium Channel/metabolism
- Pain Perception
- RNA, Messenger/blood
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT1A/genetics
- Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT1A/metabolism
- Receptors, Dopamine D4/genetics
- Receptors, Dopamine D4/metabolism
- Receptors, Opioid/genetics
- Receptors, Opioid/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Elif Funda Sener
- Department of Medical Biology, Erciyes University Medical Faculty , 38039, Kayseri, Turkey.
- Erciyes University Genome and Stem Cell Center (GENKOK), 38039, Kayseri, Turkey.
| | - Serpil Taheri
- Department of Medical Biology, Erciyes University Medical Faculty , 38039, Kayseri, Turkey
- Erciyes University Genome and Stem Cell Center (GENKOK), 38039, Kayseri, Turkey
| | | | | | | | - Gokmen Zararsiz
- Department of Biostatistics, Erciyes University Medical Faculty , 38039, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Ecmel Mehmetbeyoglu
- Department of Medical Biology, Erciyes University Medical Faculty , 38039, Kayseri, Turkey
- Erciyes University Genome and Stem Cell Center (GENKOK), 38039, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Didem Behice Oztop
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Ankara University Medical Faculty , Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Canpolat
- Department of Child Neurology, Erciyes University Medical Faculty, 38039, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Halit Canatan
- Department of Medical Biology, Erciyes University Medical Faculty , 38039, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Yusuf Ozkul
- Department of Medical Genetics, Erciyes University Medical Faculty, 38039, Kayseri, Turkey
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The immunomodulatory tellurium compound ammonium trichloro (dioxoethylene-O,O') tellurate reduces anxiety-like behavior and corticosterone levels of submissive mice. Behav Pharmacol 2018; 28:458-465. [PMID: 28590303 DOI: 10.1097/fbp.0000000000000319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Ammonium trichloro (dioxoethylene-O,O') tellurate (AS101) is a synthetic organotellurium compound with potent immunomodulatory and neuroprotective properties shown to inhibit the function of integrin αvβ3, a presynaptic cell-surface-adhesion receptor. As partial deletion of αvβ3 downregulated reuptake of serotonin by the serotonin transporter, we hypothesized that AS101 may influence pathways regulating anxiety. AS101 was tested in the modulation of anxiety-like behavior using the selectively bred Submissive (Sub) mouse strain that develop anxiety-like behavior in response to an i.p. injection. Mice were treated daily with AS101 (i.p., 125 or 200 μg/kg) or vehicle for 3 weeks, after which their anxiety-like behavior was measured in the elevated plus maze. Animals were then culled for the measurement of serum corticosterone levels by ELISA and hippocampal expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) by RT-PCR. Chronic administration of AS101 significantly reduced anxiety-like behavior of Sub mice in the elevated plus maze, according to both time spent and entries to open arms, relative to vehicle-treated controls. AS101 also markedly reduced serum corticosterone levels of the treated mice and increased their hippocampal BDNF expression. Anxiolytic-like effects of AS101 may be attributed to the modulation of the regulatory influence integrin of αvβ3 upon the serotonin transporter, suggesting a multifaceted mechanism by which AS101 buffers the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis response to injection stress, enabling recovery of hippocampal BDNF expression and anxiety-like behavior in Sub mice. Further studies should advance the potential of AS101 in the context of anxiety-related disorders.
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11
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Oved K, Farberov L, Gilam A, Israel I, Haguel D, Gurwitz D, Shomron N. MicroRNA-Mediated Regulation of ITGB3 and CHL1 Is Implicated in SSRI Action. Front Mol Neurosci 2017; 10:355. [PMID: 29163031 PMCID: PMC5682014 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2017.00355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2017] [Accepted: 10/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) antidepressant drugs are the first-line of treatment for major depressive disorder (MDD) but are effective in <70% of patients. Our earlier genome-wide studies indicated that two genes encoding for cell adhesion proteins, close homolog of L1 (CHL1) and integrin beta-3 (ITGB3), and microRNAs, miR-151a-3p and miR-221/222, are implicated in the variable sensitivity and response of human lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCL) from unrelated individuals to SSRI drugs. Methods: The microRNAs miR-221, miR-222, and miR-151-a-3p, along with their target gene binding sites, were explored in silico using miRBase, TargetScan, microRNAviewer, and the UCSC Genome Browser. Luciferase reporter assays were conducted for demonstrating the direct functional regulation of ITGB3 and CHL1 expression by miR-221/222 and miR-151a-3p, respectively. A human LCL exhibiting low sensitivity to paroxetine was utilized for studying the phenotypic effect of CHL1 regulation by miR-151a-3p on SSRI response. Results: By showing direct regulation of CHL1 and ITGB3 by miR-151a-3p and miR-221/222, respectively, we link these microRNAs and genes with cellular SSRI sensitivity phenotypes. We report that miR-151a-3p increases cell sensitivity to paroxetine via down-regulating CHL1 expression. Conclusions: miR-151a-3p, miR-221/222 and their (here confirmed) respective target-genes, CHL1 and ITGB3, are implicated in SSRI responsiveness, and possibly in the clinical response to antidepressant drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keren Oved
- Faculty of Medicine, Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Luba Farberov
- Faculty of Medicine, Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Avial Gilam
- Faculty of Medicine, Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Ifat Israel
- Faculty of Medicine, Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Danielle Haguel
- Faculty of Medicine, Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - David Gurwitz
- Faculty of Medicine, Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Noam Shomron
- Faculty of Medicine, Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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12
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The Gain-of-Function Integrin β3 Pro33 Variant Alters the Serotonin System in the Mouse Brain. J Neurosci 2017; 37:11271-11284. [PMID: 29038237 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.1482-17.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2017] [Revised: 08/21/2017] [Accepted: 08/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Engagement of integrins by the extracellular matrix initiates signaling cascades that drive a variety of cellular functions, including neuronal migration and axonal pathfinding in the brain. Multiple lines of evidence link the ITGB3 gene encoding the integrin β3 subunit with the serotonin (5-HT) system, likely via its modulation of the 5-HT transporter (SERT). The ITGB3 coding polymorphism Leu33Pro (rs5918, PlA2) produces hyperactive αvβ3 receptors that influence whole-blood 5-HT levels and may influence the risk for autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Using a phenome-wide scan of psychiatric diagnoses, we found significant, male-specific associations between the Pro33 allele and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder and ASDs. Here, we used knock-in (KI) mice expressing an Itgb3 variant that phenocopies the human Pro33 variant to elucidate the consequences of constitutively enhanced αvβ3 signaling to the 5-HT system in the brain. KI mice displayed deficits in multiple behaviors, including anxiety, repetitive, and social behaviors. Anatomical studies revealed a significant decrease in 5-HT synapses in the midbrain, accompanied by decreases in SERT activity and reduced localization of SERTs to integrin adhesion complexes in synapses of KI mice. Inhibition of focal adhesion kinase (FAK) rescued SERT function in synapses of KI mice, demonstrating that constitutive active FAK signaling downstream of the Pro32Pro33 integrin αvβ3 suppresses SERT activity. Our studies identify a complex regulation of 5-HT homeostasis and behaviors by integrin αvβ3, revealing an important role for integrins in modulating risk for neuropsychiatric disorders.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT The integrin β3 Leu33Pro coding polymorphism has been associated with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) within a subgroup of patients with elevated blood 5-HT levels, linking integrin β3, 5-HT, and ASD risk. We capitalized on these interactions to demonstrate that the Pro33 coding variation in the murine integrin β3 recapitulates the sex-dependent neurochemical and behavioral attributes of ASD. Using state-of-the-art techniques, we show that presynaptic 5-HT function is altered in these mice, and that the localization of 5-HT transporters to specific compartments within the synapse, disrupted by the integrin β3 Pro33 mutation, is critical for appropriate reuptake of 5-HT. Our studies provide fundamental insight into the genetic network regulating 5-HT neurotransmission in the CNS that is also associated with ASD risk.
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13
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Mariath LM, Silva AMD, Kowalski TW, Gattino GS, Araujo GAD, Figueiredo FG, Tagliani-Ribeiro A, Roman T, Vianna FSL, Schuler-Faccini L, Schuch JB. Music genetics research: Association with musicality of a polymorphism in the AVPR1A gene. Genet Mol Biol 2017; 40:421-429. [PMID: 28534928 PMCID: PMC5488451 DOI: 10.1590/1678-4685-gmb-2016-0021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2016] [Accepted: 12/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Musicality is defined as a natural tendency, sensibility, knowledge, or talent to
create, perceive, and play music. Musical abilities involve a great range of social
and cognitive behaviors, which are influenced by both environmental and genetic
factors. Although a number of studies have yielded insights into music genetics
research, genes and biological pathways related to these traits are not fully
understood. Our hypothesis in the current study is that genes associated with
different behaviors could also influence the musical phenotype. Our aim was to
investigate whether polymorphisms in six genes (AVPR1A, SLC6A4, ITGB3, COMT, DRD2 and
DRD4) related to social and cognitive traits are associated with musicality in a
sample of children. Musicality was assessed through an individualized music therapy
assessment profile (IMTAP) which has been validated in Brazil to measure musical
ability. We show here that the RS1 microsatellite of the AVPR1A gene is nominally
associated with musicality, corroborating previous results linking AVPR1A with
musical activity. This study is one of the first to investigate musicality in a
comprehensive way, and it contributes to better understand the genetic basis
underlying musical ability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luiza Monteavaro Mariath
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular, Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Mauat da Silva
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular, Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Thayne Woycinck Kowalski
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular, Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Schulz Gattino
- Programa de Pos-Graduação em Saúde da Criança e Adolescente, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Andrade de Araujo
- Programa de Pos-Graduação em Saúde da Criança e Adolescente, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Felipe Grahl Figueiredo
- Programa de Pos-Graduação em Saúde da Criança e Adolescente, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Alice Tagliani-Ribeiro
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular, Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Tatiana Roman
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular, Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Sales Luiz Vianna
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular, Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Lavínia Schuler-Faccini
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular, Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Jaqueline Bohrer Schuch
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular, Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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14
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Nurden AT. Should studies on Glanzmann thrombasthenia not be telling us more about cardiovascular disease and other major illnesses? Blood Rev 2017; 31:287-299. [PMID: 28395882 DOI: 10.1016/j.blre.2017.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2017] [Accepted: 03/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Glanzmann thrombasthenia (GT) is a rare inherited bleeding disorder caused by loss of αIIbβ3 integrin function in platelets. Most genetic variants of β3 also affect the widely expressed αvβ3 integrin. With brief mention of mouse models, I now look at the consequences of disease-causing ITGA2B and ITGB3 mutations on the non-hemostatic functions of platelets and other cells. Reports of arterial thrombosis in GT patients are rare, but other aspects of cardiovascular disease do occur including deep vein thrombosis and congenital heart defects. Thrombophilic and other risk factors for thrombosis and lessons from heterozygotes and variant forms of GT are discussed. Assessed for GT patients are reports of leukemia and cancer, loss of fertility, bone pathology, inflammation and wound repair, infections, kidney disease, autism and respiratory disease. This survey shows an urgent need for a concerted international effort to better determine how loss of αIIbβ3 and αvβ3 influences health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan T Nurden
- Institut de Rhythmologie et de Modélisation Cardiaque, Plateforme Technologique d'Innovation Biomédicale, Hôpital Xavier Arnozan, Pessac, France.
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15
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Higashida H, Liang M, Yoshihara T, Akther S, Fakhrul A, Stanislav C, Nam TS, Kim UH, Kasai S, Nishimura T, Al Mahmuda N, Yokoyama S, Ishihara K, Gerasimenko M, Salmina A, Zhong J, Tsuji T, Tsuji C, Lopatina O. An immunohistochemical, enzymatic, and behavioral study of CD157/BST-1 as a neuroregulator. BMC Neurosci 2017; 18:35. [PMID: 28340569 PMCID: PMC5366154 DOI: 10.1186/s12868-017-0350-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2016] [Accepted: 03/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Recent rodent and human studies provide evidence in support of the fact that CD157, well known as bone marrow stromal cell antigen-1 (BST-1) and a risk factor in Parkinson’s disease, also meaningfully acts in the brain as a neuroregulator and affects social behaviors. It has been shown that social behaviors are impaired in CD157 knockout mice without severe motor dysfunction and that CD157/BST1 gene single nucleotide polymorphisms are associated with autism spectrum disorder in humans. However, it is still necessary to determine how this molecule contributes to the brain’s physiological and pathophysiological functions. Methods To gain fresh insights about the relationship between the presence of CD157 in the brain and its enzymatic activity, and aberrant social behavior, CD157 knockout mice of various ages were tested. Results CD157 immunoreactivity colocalized with nestin-positive cells and elements in the ventricular zones in E17 embryos. Brain CD157 mRNA levels were high in neonates but low in adults. Weak but distinct immunoreactivity was detected in several areas in the adult brain, including the amygdala. CD157 has little or no base exchange activity, but some ADP-ribosyl cyclase activity, indicating that CD157 formed cyclic ADP-ribose but much less nicotinic acid adenine dinucleotide phosphate, with both mobilizing Ca2+ from intracellular Ca2+ pools. Social avoidance in CD157 knockout mice was rescued by a single intraperitoneal injection of oxytocin. Conclusions CD157 may play a role in the embryonic and adult nervous systems. The functional features of CD157 can be explained in part through the production of cyclic ADP-ribose rather than nicotinic acid adenine dinucleotide phosphate. Further experiments are required to elucidate how the embryonic expression of CD157 in neural stem cells contributes to behaviors in adults or to psychiatric symptoms. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12868-017-0350-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haruhiro Higashida
- Research Centre for Child Mental Development, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, 920-8640, Japan.
| | - Mingkun Liang
- Research Centre for Child Mental Development, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, 920-8640, Japan
| | - Toru Yoshihara
- Research Centre for Child Mental Development, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, 920-8640, Japan
| | - Shirin Akther
- Research Centre for Child Mental Development, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, 920-8640, Japan
| | - Azam Fakhrul
- Research Centre for Child Mental Development, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, 920-8640, Japan
| | - Cherepanov Stanislav
- Research Centre for Child Mental Development, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, 920-8640, Japan
| | - Tae-Sik Nam
- Department of Biochemistry, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, South Korea
| | - Uh-Hyun Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, South Korea
| | - Satoka Kasai
- Research Centre for Child Mental Development, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, 920-8640, Japan
| | - Tomoko Nishimura
- Research Centre for Child Mental Development, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, 920-8640, Japan
| | - Naila Al Mahmuda
- Research Centre for Child Mental Development, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, 920-8640, Japan
| | - Shigeru Yokoyama
- Research Centre for Child Mental Development, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, 920-8640, Japan
| | - Katsuhiko Ishihara
- Department of Immunology and Molecular Genetics, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki, Okayama, 701-0192, Japan
| | - Maria Gerasimenko
- Research Centre for Child Mental Development, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, 920-8640, Japan
| | - Alla Salmina
- Research Centre for Child Mental Development, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, 920-8640, Japan.,Department of Biochemistry, Medical, Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Chemistry, Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, Krasnoyarsk, Russia, 660022
| | - Jing Zhong
- Research Centre for Child Mental Development, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, 920-8640, Japan
| | - Takahiro Tsuji
- Research Centre for Child Mental Development, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, 920-8640, Japan
| | - Chiharu Tsuji
- Research Centre for Child Mental Development, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, 920-8640, Japan
| | - Olga Lopatina
- Research Centre for Child Mental Development, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, 920-8640, Japan.,Department of Biochemistry, Medical, Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Chemistry, Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, Krasnoyarsk, Russia, 660022
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16
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Baig DN, Yanagawa T, Tabuchi K. Distortion of the normal function of synaptic cell adhesion molecules by genetic variants as a risk for autism spectrum disorders. Brain Res Bull 2016; 129:82-90. [PMID: 27743928 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2016.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2016] [Revised: 10/08/2016] [Accepted: 10/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Synaptic cell adhesion molecules (SCAMs) are a functional category of cell adhesion molecules that connect pre- and postsynapses by the protein-protein interaction via their extracellular cell adhesion domains. Countless numbers of common genetic variants and rare mutations in SCAMs have been identified in the patients with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs). Among these, NRXN and NLGN family proteins cooperatively function at synaptic terminals both of which genes are strongly implicated as risk genes for ASDs. Knock-in mice carrying a single rare point mutation of NLGN3 (NLGN3 R451C) discovered in the patients with ASDs display a deficit in social interaction and an enhancement of spatial learning and memory ability reminiscent of the clinical phenotype of ASDs. NLGN4 knockout (KO) and NRXN2α KO mice also show a deficit in sociability as well as some specific neuropsychiatric behaviors. In this review, we selected NRXNs/NLGNs, CNTNAP2/CNTNAP4, CNTN4, ITGB3, and KIRREL3 as strong ASD risk genes based on SFARI score and summarize the protein structures, functions at synapses, representative discoveries in human genetic studies, and phenotypes of the mutant model mice in light of the pathophysiology of ASDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deeba Noreen Baig
- Department of Biological Sciences, Forman Christian College, Zahoor Elahi Rd, Lahore, 54600, Pakistan
| | - Toru Yanagawa
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan
| | - Katsuhiko Tabuchi
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, 390-8621, Japan; Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Interdisciplinary Cluster for Cutting Edge Research, Shinshu University, Matsumoto, 390-8621, Japan; PRESTO, JST, Saitama, 332-0012, Japan.
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17
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Muller CL, Anacker AMJ, Veenstra-VanderWeele J. The serotonin system in autism spectrum disorder: From biomarker to animal models. Neuroscience 2016; 321:24-41. [PMID: 26577932 PMCID: PMC4824539 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2015.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 319] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2015] [Revised: 10/26/2015] [Accepted: 11/04/2015] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Elevated whole blood serotonin, or hyperserotonemia, was the first biomarker identified in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and is present in more than 25% of affected children. The serotonin system is a logical candidate for involvement in ASD due to its pleiotropic role across multiple brain systems both dynamically and across development. Tantalizing clues connect this peripheral biomarker with changes in brain and behavior in ASD, but the contribution of the serotonin system to ASD pathophysiology remains incompletely understood. Studies of whole blood serotonin levels in ASD and in a large founder population indicate greater heritability than for the disorder itself and suggest an association with recurrence risk. Emerging data from both neuroimaging and postmortem samples also indicate changes in the brain serotonin system in ASD. Genetic linkage and association studies of both whole blood serotonin levels and of ASD risk point to the chromosomal region containing the serotonin transporter (SERT) gene in males but not in females. In ASD families with evidence of linkage to this region, multiple rare SERT amino acid variants lead to a convergent increase in serotonin uptake in cell models. A knock-in mouse model of one of these variants, SERT Gly56Ala, recapitulates the hyperserotonemia biomarker and shows increased brain serotonin clearance, increased serotonin receptor sensitivity, and altered social, communication, and repetitive behaviors. Data from other rodent models also suggest an important role for the serotonin system in social behavior, in cognitive flexibility, and in sensory development. Recent work indicates that reciprocal interactions between serotonin and other systems, such as oxytocin, may be particularly important for social behavior. Collectively, these data point to the serotonin system as a prime candidate for treatment development in a subgroup of children defined by a robust, heritable biomarker.
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Affiliation(s)
- C L Muller
- Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University, 465 21st Avenue South, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.
| | - A M J Anacker
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, 1051 Riverside Drive, Mail Unit 78, New York, NY 10032, USA.
| | - J Veenstra-VanderWeele
- Sackler Institute for Developmental Psychobiology, Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University; Center for Autism and the Developing Brain, New York Presbyterian Hospital; New York State Psychiatric Institute, 1051 Riverside Drive, Mail Unit 78, New York, NY 10032, USA.
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18
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Rzezniczek S, Obuchowicz M, Datka W, Siwek M, Dudek D, Kmiotek K, Oved K, Shomron N, Gurwitz D, Pilc A. Decreased sensitivity to paroxetine-induced inhibition of peripheral blood mononuclear cell growth in depressed and antidepressant treatment-resistant patients. Transl Psychiatry 2016; 6:e827. [PMID: 27244236 PMCID: PMC5545648 DOI: 10.1038/tp.2016.90] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2015] [Revised: 02/07/2016] [Accepted: 02/11/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Major depression disorder (MDD) is the most widespread mental disorder. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are used as first-line MDD treatment but are effective in <70% of patients. Thus, biomarkers for the early identification of treatment-resistant (TR) MDD patients are needed for prioritizing them for alternative therapeutics. SSRI-induced inhibition of the growth of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) is mediated via their target, the serotonin transporter (SERT). Here, we examined whether antidepressant drug-induced inhibition of the growth of PBMCs differed between MDD patients and healthy controls. PBMCs from well-characterized 33 treatment-sensitive (TS) and 33 TR MDD patients, and 24 healthy volunteers were studied. Dose-dependent inhibition of PBMCs growth was observed for both the non-SSRI antidepressant mirtazapine and the SSRI antidepressant paroxetine. Significantly lower sensitivities to 20 μm paroxetine were observed in MDD compared with control PBMCs prior to treatment onset (13% and 46%, respectively; P<0.05). Following antidepressant drug treatment for 4 or 7 weeks, the ex vivo paroxetine sensitivity increased to control levels in PBMCs from TS but not from TR MDD patients. This suggests that the low ex vivo paroxetine sensitivity phenotype reflects a state marker of depression. A significantly lower expression of integrin beta-3 (ITGB3), a co-factor of the SERT, was observed in the PBMCs of MDD patients prior to treatment onset compared with healthy controls, and may explain their lower paroxetine sensitivity. Further studies with larger cohorts are required for clarifying the potential of reduced PBMCs paroxetine sensitivity and lower ITGB3 expression as MDD biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Rzezniczek
- Department of Neurobiology, Institute of Pharmacology Polish Academy of Science, Krakow, Poland,Department of Neurobiology, Institute of Pharmacology Polish Academy of Science, Smetna 12 Street, Krakow 31-343, Poland. E-mail:
| | - M Obuchowicz
- Department of Neurobiology, Institute of Pharmacology Polish Academy of Science, Krakow, Poland
| | - W Datka
- Department of Affective Disorders, Chair of Psychiatry, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - M Siwek
- Department of Affective Disorders, Chair of Psychiatry, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - D Dudek
- Department of Affective Disorders, Chair of Psychiatry, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - K Kmiotek
- Department of Affective Disorders, Chair of Psychiatry, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - K Oved
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics & Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel,Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Tel Aviv University, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - N Shomron
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Tel Aviv University, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv, Israel,Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - D Gurwitz
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics & Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel,Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - A Pilc
- Department of Neurobiology, Institute of Pharmacology Polish Academy of Science, Krakow, Poland,Institute of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
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19
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Lin E, Tsai SJ. Genome-wide microarray analysis of gene expression profiling in major depression and antidepressant therapy. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2016; 64:334-40. [PMID: 25708651 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2015.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2015] [Revised: 02/13/2015] [Accepted: 02/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a serious health concern worldwide. Currently there are no predictive tests for the effectiveness of any particular antidepressant in an individual patient. Thus, doctors must prescribe antidepressants based on educated guesses. With the recent advent of scientific research, genome-wide gene expression microarray studies are widely utilized to analyze hundreds of thousands of biomarkers by high-throughput technologies. In addition to the candidate-gene approach, the genome-wide approach has recently been employed to investigate the determinants of MDD as well as antidepressant response to therapy. In this review, we mainly focused on gene expression studies with genome-wide approaches using RNA derived from peripheral blood cells. Furthermore, we reviewed their limitations and future directions with respect to the genome-wide gene expression profiling in MDD pathogenesis as well as in antidepressant therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugene Lin
- Institute of Clinical Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Vita Genomics, Inc., Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Jen Tsai
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Division of Psychiatry, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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20
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Kalueff AV, Stewart AM, Nguyen M, Song C, Gottesman II. Targeting drug sensitivity predictors: New potential strategies to improve pharmacotherapy of human brain disorders. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2015; 63:76-82. [PMID: 25976211 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2015.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2015] [Revised: 05/05/2015] [Accepted: 05/06/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
One of the main challenges in medicine is the lack of efficient drug therapies for common human disorders. For example, although depressed patients receive powerful antidepressants, many often remain resistant to psychopharmacotherapy. The growing recognition of complex interplay between the drug targets and the predictors of drug sensitivity requires an improved understanding of these two key aspects of drug action and their potentially shared molecular networks. Here, we apply the concept of endophenotypes and their interplay to drug action and sensitivity. Based on these analyses, we postulate that novel drugs may be developed by targeting specific molecular pathways that integrate drug targets with drug sensitivity predictors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allan V Kalueff
- Research Institute for Marine Drugs and Nutrition, College for Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524025, China; ZENEREI Institute, 309 Palmer Court, Slidell, LA 70458, USA; Institute of Translational Biomedicine, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, 199034, Russia.
| | | | - Michael Nguyen
- ZENEREI Institute, 309 Palmer Court, Slidell, LA 70458, USA
| | - Cai Song
- Research Institute for Marine Drugs and Nutrition, College for Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524025, China
| | - Irving I Gottesman
- Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Elliot Hall, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
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21
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Mazalouskas M, Jessen T, Varney S, Sutcliffe JS, Veenstra-VanderWeele J, Cook EH, Carneiro AMD. Integrin β3 Haploinsufficiency Modulates Serotonin Transport and Antidepressant-Sensitive Behavior in Mice. Neuropsychopharmacology 2015; 40:2015-24. [PMID: 25684064 PMCID: PMC4839525 DOI: 10.1038/npp.2015.51] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2014] [Revised: 02/06/2015] [Accepted: 02/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Converging lines of evidence have identified genetic interactions between the serotonin transporter (SERT) gene and ITGB3, which encodes the β3 subunit that forms the αIIbβ3 and αvβ3 integrin receptor complexes. Here we examine the consequences of haploinsufficiency in the mouse integrin β3 subunit gene (Itgb3) on SERT function and selective 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) effectiveness in vivo. Biochemical fractionation studies and immunofluorescent staining of murine brain slices reveal that αvβ3 receptors and SERTs are enriched in presynaptic membranes from several brain regions and that αvβ3 colocalizes with a subpopulation of SERT-containing synapses in raphe nuclei. Notably, we establish that loss of a single allele of Itgb3 in murine neurons is sufficient to decrease 5-HT uptake by SERT in midbrain synaptosomes. Pharmacological assays to elucidate the αvβ3-mediated mechanism of reduced SERT function indicate that decreased integrin β3 subunit expression scales down the population size of active SERT molecules and, as a consequence, lowers the effective dose of SSRIs. These data are consistent with the existence of a subpopulation of SERTs that are tightly modulated by integrin αvβ3 and significantly contribute to global SERT function at 5-HT synapses in the midbrain. Importantly, our screen of a normal human population for single nucleotide polymorphisms in human ITGB3 identified a variant associated with reductions in integrin β3 expression levels that parallel our mouse findings. Thus, polymorphisms in human ITGB3 may contribute to the differential responsiveness of select patients to SSRIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Mazalouskas
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Tammy Jessen
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Seth Varney
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - James S Sutcliffe
- Department of Psychiatry, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA,Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | | | - Edwin H Cook
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Ana M D Carneiro
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA,Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, 461 Preston Research Building, 23rd Avenue South at Pierce, Nashville, TN 37232, USA, Tel: +1 615 875 5635, Fax: 615-343-1084, E-mail:
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22
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Varney S, Polston KF, Jessen T, Carneiro AMD. Mice lacking integrin β3 expression exhibit altered response to chronic stress. Neurobiol Stress 2015; 2:51-58. [PMID: 26634222 PMCID: PMC4664197 DOI: 10.1016/j.ynstr.2015.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies indicate multiple roles for integrin αvβ3 in adult neurons, including response to pharmacological agents such as cocaine and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors. In this study, we examined the role of the integrin β3 gene (Itgb3) in the response to environmental stimuli by subjecting Itgb3+/+ and Itgb3-/- mice to unpredictable chronic mild stressors. We found that genetic abrogation of integrin β3 expression elicits an exaggerated vulnerability to chronic unpredictable stress in the open field test. In this test, chronic stress elicited significant decreases in stereotypic behavior and horizontal locomotor activity, including increases in anxiety behaviors. Mild chronic stress led to reductions in dopamine turnover in midbrains of Itgb3+/+, but not Itgb3-/- mice, suggesting a disruption of stress-dependent regulation of DA homeostasis. Chronic stress elicited altered synaptic expression of syntaxin and synaptophysin in midbrains of Itgb3-/- mice, when compared to Itgb3+/+. Semi-quantitative Western blot studies revealed that the synaptic expression, but not total tissue expression, of multiple signaling proteins is correlated with integrin αv levels in the midbrain. Moreover, loss of integrin β3 expression modifies this correlation network. Together, these findings demonstrate that Itgb3-/- mice display a pattern of changes indicating disrupted regulation of midbrain synaptic systems involved in conferring resilience to mild stressors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seth Varney
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232-6600, USA
| | - Keith F Polston
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232-6600, USA
| | - Tammy Jessen
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232-6600, USA
| | - Ana M D Carneiro
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232-6600, USA
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23
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Probst-Schendzielorz K, Scholl C, Efimkina O, Ersfeld E, Viviani R, Serretti A, Fabbri C, Gurwitz D, Lucae S, Ising M, Paul AM, Lehmann ML, Steffens M, Crisafulli C, Calabrò M, Holsboer F, Stingl J. CHL1, ITGB3 and SLC6A4 gene expression and antidepressant drug response: results from the Munich Antidepressant Response Signature (MARS) study. Pharmacogenomics 2015; 16:689-701. [DOI: 10.2217/pgs.15.31] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: The identification of antidepressant drugs (ADs) response biomarkers in depression is of high clinical importance. We explored CHL1 and ITGB3 expression as tentative response biomarkers. Materials & methods: In vitro sensitivity to ADs, as well as gene expression and genetic variants of the candidate genes CHL1, ITGB3 and SLC6A4 were measured in lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCLs) of 58 depressed patients. Results: An association between the clinical remission of depression and the basal expression of CHL1 and ITGB3 was discovered. Individuals whose LCLs expressed higher levels of CHL1 or ITGB3 showed a significantly better remission upon AD treatment. In addition individuals with the CHL1 rs1516338 TT genotype showed a significantly better remission after 5 weeks AD treatment than those carrying a CC genotype. No association between the in vitro sensitivity of LCLs toward AD and the clinical remission could be detected. Conclusion: CHL1 expression in patient-derived LCLs correlated with the clinical outcome. Thus, it could be a valid biomarker to predict the success of an antidepressant therapy. Original submitted 8 December 2014; Revision submitted 2 March 2015
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Catharina Scholl
- Research Division, Federal Institute for Drugs & Medical Devices, Bonn, Germany
- Medical Faculty, Faculty Centre for Translational Medicine, University Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Olga Efimkina
- Institute for Pharmacology of Natural Products & Clinical Pharmacology, University Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Eva Ersfeld
- Institute for Pharmacology of Natural Products & Clinical Pharmacology, University Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Roberto Viviani
- Department of Psychiatry & Psychotherapy, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Alessandro Serretti
- Department of Biomedical & Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Italy
| | - Chiara Fabbri
- Department of Biomedical & Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Italy
| | - David Gurwitz
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics & Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | | | - Marcus Ising
- Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | - Anna Maria Paul
- Research Division, Federal Institute for Drugs & Medical Devices, Bonn, Germany
- Medical Faculty, Faculty Centre for Translational Medicine, University Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Marie-Louise Lehmann
- Research Division, Federal Institute for Drugs & Medical Devices, Bonn, Germany
- Medical Faculty, Faculty Centre for Translational Medicine, University Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Michael Steffens
- Research Division, Federal Institute for Drugs & Medical Devices, Bonn, Germany
- Medical Faculty, Faculty Centre for Translational Medicine, University Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Concetta Crisafulli
- Department of Biomedical Science & Morphological & Functional Images, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Marco Calabrò
- Department of Biomedical Science & Morphological & Functional Images, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | | | - Julia Stingl
- Research Division, Federal Institute for Drugs & Medical Devices, Bonn, Germany
- Medical Faculty, Faculty Centre for Translational Medicine, University Bonn, Bonn, Germany
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24
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Affiliation(s)
- David Gurwitz
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 69978, Israel
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25
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Fabbri C, Crisafulli C, Gurwitz D, Stingl J, Calati R, Albani D, Forloni G, Calabrò M, Martines R, Kasper S, Zohar J, Juven-Wetzler A, Souery D, Montgomery S, Mendlewicz J, Girolamo GD, Serretti A. Neuronal cell adhesion genes and antidepressant response in three independent samples. THE PHARMACOGENOMICS JOURNAL 2015; 15:538-48. [PMID: 25850031 DOI: 10.1038/tpj.2015.15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2014] [Revised: 02/03/2015] [Accepted: 02/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Drug-effect phenotypes in human lymphoblastoid cell lines recently allowed to identify CHL1 (cell adhesion molecule with homology to L1CAM), GAP43 (growth-associated protein 43) and ITGB3 (integrin beta 3) as new candidates for involvement in the antidepressant effect. CHL1 and ITGB3 code for adhesion molecules, while GAP43 codes for a neuron-specific cytosolic protein expressed in neuronal growth cones; all the three gene products are involved in synaptic plasticity. Sixteen polymorphisms in these genes were genotyped in two samples (n=369 and 90) with diagnosis of major depressive episode who were treated with antidepressants in a naturalistic setting. Phenotypes were response, remission and treatment-resistant depression. Logistic regression including appropriate covariates was performed. Genes associated with outcomes were investigated in the Sequenced Treatment Alternatives to Relieve Depression (STAR*D) genome-wide study (n=1861) as both individual genes and through a pathway analysis (Reactome and String databases). Gene-based analysis suggested CHL1 rs4003413, GAP43 rs283393 and rs9860828, ITGB3 rs3809865 as the top candidates due to their replication across the largest original sample and the STAR*D cohort. GAP43 molecular pathway was associated with both response and remission in the STAR*D, with ELAVL4 representing the gene with the highest percentage of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with outcomes. Other promising genes emerging from the pathway analysis were ITGB1 and NRP1. The present study was the first to analyze cell adhesion genes and their molecular pathways in antidepressant response. Genes and biomarkers involved in neuronal adhesion should be considered by further studies aimed to identify predictors of antidepressant response.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Fabbri
- Department of Biomedical and NeuroMotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - C Crisafulli
- Department of Biomedical Science and Morphological and Functional Images, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - D Gurwitz
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Italy
| | - J Stingl
- Federal Institute for Drugs and Medical Devices, University Bonn Medical School, Bonn, Germany
| | - R Calati
- Faculty Centre for Translational Medicine, University Bonn, Medical Faculty, Bonn, Germany
| | - D Albani
- Laboratory of Biology of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Department of Neuroscience, IRCCS Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche 'Mario Negri', Milan, Italy
| | - G Forloni
- Laboratory of Biology of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Department of Neuroscience, IRCCS Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche 'Mario Negri', Milan, Italy
| | - M Calabrò
- Department of Biomedical Science and Morphological and Functional Images, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.,Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - R Martines
- Department of Biomedical and NeuroMotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.,Laboratory of Biology of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Department of Neuroscience, IRCCS Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche 'Mario Negri', Milan, Italy
| | - S Kasper
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - J Zohar
- Department of Psychiatry, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer and Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - A Juven-Wetzler
- Department of Psychiatry, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer and Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - D Souery
- Laboratoire de Psychologie Medicale, Universitè Libre de Bruxelles and Psy Pluriel, Centre Européen de Psychologie Medicale, Brussels, Belgium
| | | | - J Mendlewicz
- Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - G D Girolamo
- Faculty Centre for Translational Medicine, University Bonn, Medical Faculty, Bonn, Germany
| | - A Serretti
- Department of Biomedical and NeuroMotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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26
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Schuch JB, Muller D, Endres RG, Bosa CA, Longo D, Schuler-Faccini L, Ranzan J, Becker MM, dos Santos Riesgo R, Roman T. The role of β3 integrin gene variants in Autism Spectrum Disorders--diagnosis and symptomatology. Gene 2014; 553:24-30. [PMID: 25280596 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2014.09.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2014] [Revised: 09/12/2014] [Accepted: 09/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASDs) represent a group of very complex early-onset neurodevelopmental diseases. In this study, we analyzed 5 SNPs (rs2317385, rs5918, rs15908, rs12603582, rs3809865) at the β3 integrin locus (ITGB3), which has been suggested as a possible susceptibility gene, both as single markers and as part of haplotypes in 209 ASD children and their biological parents. We tested for association with the following: a) DSM-IV ASD diagnosis; b) clinical symptoms common in ASD patients (repetitive behaviors, echolalia, seizures and epilepsy, mood instability, aggression, psychomotor agitation, sleep disorders); and c) dimensional scores obtained with the Autism Screening Questionnaire and the Childhood Autism Rating Scale. These hypotheses were investigated using family-based tests, logistic regression models and analysis of covariance. The family-based tests showed an association with the H5 haplotype (composed by GTCGA alleles, the order of SNPs as above), which was transmitted less often than expected by chance (P=0.006; Pcorr=0.036). The analyses of the clinical symptoms showed a trend for an association with rs12603582 (P=0.008; Pcorr=0.064) and positive results for the haplotype composed of rs15908 and rs12603582 (Pglcorr=0.048; Pindcorr=0.015), both in symptoms of echolalia. Other nominal associations with different variants were found and involved epilepsy/seizures, aggression symptoms and higher ASQ scores. Although our positive results are not definitive, they suggest small effect associations of the ITGB3 gene with both ASD diagnosis and symptoms of echolalia. Other studies are nonetheless needed to fully understand the involvement of this locus on the etiology of ASDs and its different clinical aspects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaqueline Bohrer Schuch
- Department of Genetics, Biosciences Institute, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Avenida Bento Gonçalves, 9500, 91501-970 Porto Alegre, Brazil.
| | - Diana Muller
- Department of Genetics, Biosciences Institute, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Avenida Bento Gonçalves, 9500, 91501-970 Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Renata Giuliani Endres
- Department of Psychology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos 2600, 90035-003 Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Cleonice Alves Bosa
- Department of Psychology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos 2600, 90035-003 Porto Alegre, Brazil.
| | - Dânae Longo
- Department of Genetics, Biosciences Institute, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Avenida Bento Gonçalves, 9500, 91501-970 Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Lavinia Schuler-Faccini
- Department of Genetics, Biosciences Institute, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Avenida Bento Gonçalves, 9500, 91501-970 Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Josiane Ranzan
- Child Neurology Unit, Clinics Hospital of Porto Alegre, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2350, 90035-903 Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Michele Michelin Becker
- Child Neurology Unit, Clinics Hospital of Porto Alegre, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2350, 90035-903 Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Rudimar dos Santos Riesgo
- Child Neurology Unit, Clinics Hospital of Porto Alegre, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2350, 90035-903 Porto Alegre, Brazil.
| | - Tatiana Roman
- Department of Genetics, Biosciences Institute, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Avenida Bento Gonçalves, 9500, 91501-970 Porto Alegre, Brazil.
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27
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Oved K, Morag A, Pasmanik-Chor M, Rehavi M, Shomron N, Gurwitz D. Genome-wide expression profiling of human lymphoblastoid cell lines implicates integrin beta-3 in the mode of action of antidepressants. Transl Psychiatry 2013; 3:e313. [PMID: 24129413 PMCID: PMC3818017 DOI: 10.1038/tp.2013.86] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2013] [Revised: 08/15/2013] [Accepted: 09/08/2013] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are the first-line treatment for major depression. However, the link between inhibition of serotonin reuptake and remission from depression remains controversial: in spite of the rapid onset of serotonin reuptake inhibition, remission from depression takes several weeks, presumably reflecting synaptogenesis/neurogenesis and neuronal rewiring. We compared genome-wide expression profiles of human lymphoblastoid cell lines from unrelated individuals following treatment with 1 μM paroxetine for 21 days with untreated control cells and examined which genes and microRNAs (miRNAs) showed the most profound and consistent expression changes. ITGB3, coding for integrin beta-3, showed the most consistent altered expression (1.92-fold increase, P=7.5 × 10(-8)) following chronic paroxetine exposure. Using genome-wide miRNA arrays, we observed a corresponding decrease in the expression of two miRNAs, miR-221 and miR-222, both predicted to target ITGB3. ITGB3 is crucial for the activity of the serotonin transporter (SERT), the drug target of SSRIs. Moreover, it is presumably required for the neuronal guidance activity of CHL1, whose expression was formerly identified as a tentative SSRI response biomarker. Further genes whose expression was significantly modulated by chronic paroxetine are also implicated in neurogenesis. Surprisingly, the expression of SERT or serotonin receptors was not modified. Our findings implicate ITGB3 in the mode of action of SSRI antidepressants and provide a novel link between CHL1 and the SERT. Our observations suggest that SSRIs may relieve depression primarily by promoting neuronal synaptogenesis/neurogenesis rather than by modulating serotonin neurotransmission per se.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Oved
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and
Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University,
Tel-Aviv, Israel
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology,
Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv,
Israel
| | - A Morag
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and
Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University,
Tel-Aviv, Israel
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology,
Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv,
Israel
| | - M Pasmanik-Chor
- Bioinformatics Unit, George Wise Faculty of
Life Sciences, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - M Rehavi
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology,
Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv,
Israel
| | - N Shomron
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology,
Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv,
Israel
- Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel-Aviv
University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - D Gurwitz
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and
Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University,
Tel-Aviv, Israel
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