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Chen C, Xia Z, Zhang M, Cao Y, Chen Q, Cao Q, Li X, Jiang F. Molecular mechanism of HDAC6-mediated pyroptosis in neurological function recovery after cardiopulmonary resuscitation in rats. Brain Res 2024; 1843:149121. [PMID: 38997102 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2024.149121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Revised: 07/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024]
Abstract
Brain injury after cardiac arrest (CA) and cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is the leading cause of neurological dysfunction and death. This study aimed to explore the mechanism of histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) in neurofunctional recovery following CA/CPR in rats. A rat model was established by CA/CPR treatment. Adenovirus-packaged sh-HDAC6 was injected into the tail vein. To evaluate the neurofunction of rats, survival time, neurofunctional scores, serum NSE/S100B, and brain water content were measured and Morris water maze test was performed. HDAC6, microRNA (miR)-138-5p, Nod-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3), and pyroptotic factor levels were determined by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction or Western blot assay. HDAC6 and H3K9ac enrichment on miR-138-5p promoter were examined by chromatin immunoprecipitation. miR-138-5p-NLRP3 binding was analyzed by dual-luciferase reporter assay. NLRP3 inflammasome was activated with nigericin sodium salt. After CPR treatment, HDAC6 was highly expressed, while miR-138-5p was downregulated. HDAC6 downregulation improved neurofunction and reduced pyroptosis. HDAC6 enrichment on the miR-138-5p promoter deacetylated H3K9ac, inhibiting miR-138-5p, and promoting NLRP3-mediated pyroptosis. Downregulating miR-138-5p partially reversed the protective effect of HDAC6 inhibition after CPR. In Conclusion, HDAC6 enrichment on miR-138-5p promoter deacetylated H3K9ac, inhibiting miR-138-5p expression and promoting NLRP3-mediated pyroptosis, worsening neurological dysfunction in rats after CPR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyan Chen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201199, China
| | - Zhuye Xia
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201199, China
| | - Min Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Yunshan Cao
- Department of Cardiology, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Qingling Chen
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201199, China
| | - Qinglian Cao
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201199, China
| | - Xiang Li
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201199, China
| | - Fan Jiang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201199, China.
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2
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Majumdar A, Siva Venkatesh IP, Swarup V, Basu A. Short-chain fatty acids abrogate Japanese encephalitis virus-induced inflammation in microglial cells via miR-200a-3p/ZBTB20/IKβα axis. mBio 2024; 15:e0132124. [PMID: 38869276 PMCID: PMC11253640 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.01321-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV), a member of the Flaviviridae family, is a leading cause of viral encephalitis in humans. Survivors of this infection often develop lifelong neurological sequelae. Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) produced in the gut are vital mediators of the gut-brain axis. We aimed to study microRNA-based mechanisms of SCFAs in an in vitro model of JEV infection. N9 microglial cells were pretreated with SCFA cocktail before JEV infection. Cytokine bead analysis, immunoblotting, and PCR were performed to analyze relevant inflammatory markers. microRNA sequencing was performed using Illumina Hiseq, and bioinformatics tools were used for differentially expressed (DE) miRNAs and weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA). microRNA mimic/inhibitor experiments and luciferase assay were performed to study miRNA-target interaction. A significant reduction in monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP1) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) along with reduced expression of phospho-nuclear factor kappa B (phospho-NF-κB) was observed in SCFA conditions. Significant attenuation of histone deacetylase activity and protein expression was recorded. miRNA sequencing revealed 160 DE miRNAs in SCFA + JEV-treated cells at 6 h post-infection. WGCNA revealed miR-200a-3p, a hub miRNA significantly upregulated in SCFA conditions. Transcription factor ZBTB20 was bioinformatically predicted and validated as a gene target for miR-200a-3p. Further miRNA mimic/inhibitor assay demonstrated that miR-200-3p regulated ZBTB20 along with Iκβα that possibly dampened NF-κB signal activation downstream. IMPORTANCE The gut-brain axis plays a pivotal role in the physiological state of an organism. Gut microbiota-derived metabolites are known to play a role in brain disorders including neuroviral infections. Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) appear to quench inflammatory markers in Japanese encephalitis virus-infected microglial cells in vitro. Mechanistically, we demonstrate the interaction between miR-200a-3p and ZBTB20 in regulating the canonical nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) signaling pathway via transcriptional regulation of Iκβα. Findings of this study pave the way to a better understanding of SCFA mechanisms that can be used to develop strategies against viral neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Vivek Swarup
- Department of Neurobiology and Behaviour, University of California, Irvine, California, USA
- Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders (MIND), University of California, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Anirban Basu
- National Brain Research Centre, Manesar, Haryana, India
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3
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Sun J, Zhang L, Cheng Q, Wu Y. Aberrant expression and regulatory role of histone deacetylase 9 in vascular endothelial cell injury in intracranial aneurysm. BIOMOLECULES & BIOMEDICINE 2024; 24:61-72. [PMID: 37573538 PMCID: PMC10787617 DOI: 10.17305/bb.2023.9364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
Intracranial aneurysm (IA) is one of the most challenging cerebrovascular lesions for clinicians. The aim of this study was to investigate the abnormal expression and role of histone deacetylase 9 (HDAC9) in IA-associated injury of vascular endothelial cells (VECs). First, IA tissue and normal arterial tissue were collected and VECs were isolated from IA patients. The expression levels of HDAC9, microRNA (miR)-34a-5p, and vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGFA) were determined. Cell viability, proliferation, apoptosis, and migration were assessed by Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay, EdU staining, TUNEL staining, and transwell assay. The binding of miR-34a-5p to VEGFA was analyzed by the dual-luciferase assay, and the accumulation of HDAC9 and lysine histone acetylation at H3 (H3K9, H3K14, and H3K18) on the miR-34a-5p promoter was detected by the chromatin immunoprecipitation assay. The results showed that HDAC9 and VEGFA were increased and miR-34a-5p was decreased in IA tissues and cells. Silencing of HDAC9 inhibited apoptosis and increased viability, proliferation, and migration of VECs, whereas overexpression of HDAC9 exerted the opposite functions. HDAC9 accumulated at the miR-34a-5p promoter to decrease miR-34a-5p expression by reducing H3 locus-specific acetylation and further promoted VEGFA expression. Knockdown of miR-34a-5p or VEGFA overexpression reversed the protective role of HDAC9 silencing in VECs injury. In conclusion, our study suggests that HDAC9 may be a therapeutic target for IA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingwei Sun
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shenzhen Longhua District Central Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Langfeng Zhang
- Interventional Treatment Department, Shenzhen Longhua District Central Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Quanjiang Cheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shenzhen Longhua District Central Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yajun Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shenzhen Longhua District Central Hospital, Shenzhen, China
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4
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Ramesh S, Almeida SD, Hammigi S, Radhakrishna GK, Sireesha G, Panneerselvam T, Vellingiri S, Kunjiappan S, Ammunje DN, Pavadai P. A Review of PARP-1 Inhibitors: Assessing Emerging Prospects and Tailoring Therapeutic Strategies. Drug Res (Stuttg) 2023; 73:491-505. [PMID: 37890514 DOI: 10.1055/a-2181-0813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
Eukaryotic organisms contain an enzyme family called poly (ADP-ribose) polymerases (PARPs), which is responsible for the poly (ADP-ribosylation) of DNA-binding proteins. PARPs are members of the cell signaling enzyme class. PARP-1, the most common isoform of the PARP family, is responsible for more than 90% of the tasks carried out by the PARP family as a whole. A superfamily consisting of 18 PARPs has been found. In order to synthesize polymers of ADP-ribose (PAR) and nicotinamide, the DNA damage nick monitor PARP-1 requires NAD+ as a substrate. The capability of PARP-1 activation to boost the transcription of proinflammatory genes, its ability to deplete cellular energy pools, which leads to cell malfunction and necrosis, and its involvement as a component in the process of DNA repair are the three consequences of PARP-1 activation that are of particular significance in the process of developing new drugs. As a result, the pharmacological reduction of PARP-1 may result in an increase in the cytotoxicity toward cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soundarya Ramesh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, M.S. Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences, M S R Nagar, Bengaluru, India
| | - Shannon D Almeida
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, M.S. Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences, M S R Nagar, Bengaluru, India
| | - Sameerana Hammigi
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, M.S. Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences, M S R Nagar, Bengaluru, India
| | - Govardan Katta Radhakrishna
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, M.S. Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences, M S R Nagar, Bengaluru, India
| | - Golla Sireesha
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, M.S. Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences, M S R Nagar, Bengaluru, India
| | - Theivendren Panneerselvam
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Swamy Vivekanandha College of Pharmacy, Elayampalayam, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Shangavi Vellingiri
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Swamy Vivekananda College of Pharmacy, Elayampalayam, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Selvaraj Kunjiappan
- Department of Biotechnology, Kalasalingam Academy of Research and Education, Krishnankoil, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Damodar Nayak Ammunje
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, M.S. Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences, M S R Nagar, Bengaluru, India
| | - Parasuraman Pavadai
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, M.S. Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences, M S R Nagar, Bengaluru, India
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Szczepanek J, Tretyn A. MicroRNA-Mediated Regulation of Histone-Modifying Enzymes in Cancer: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Implications. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1590. [PMID: 38002272 PMCID: PMC10669115 DOI: 10.3390/biom13111590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
In the past decade, significant advances in molecular research have provided a deeper understanding of the intricate regulatory mechanisms involved in carcinogenesis. MicroRNAs, short non-coding RNA sequences, exert substantial influence on gene expression by repressing translation or inducing mRNA degradation. In the context of cancer, miRNA dysregulation is prevalent and closely associated with various stages of carcinogenesis, including initiation, progression, and metastasis. One crucial aspect of the cancer phenotype is the activity of histone-modifying enzymes that govern chromatin accessibility for transcription factors, thus impacting gene expression. Recent studies have revealed that miRNAs play a significant role in modulating these histone-modifying enzymes, leading to significant implications for genes related to proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis in cancer cells. This article provides an overview of current research on the mechanisms by which miRNAs regulate the activity of histone-modifying enzymes in the context of cancer. Both direct and indirect mechanisms through which miRNAs influence enzyme expression are discussed. Additionally, potential therapeutic implications arising from miRNA manipulation to selectively impact histone-modifying enzyme activity are presented. The insights from this analysis hold significant therapeutic promise, suggesting the utility of miRNAs as tools for the precise regulation of chromatin-related processes and gene expression. A contemporary focus on molecular regulatory mechanisms opens therapeutic pathways that can effectively influence the control of tumor cell growth and dissemination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Szczepanek
- Centre for Modern Interdisciplinary Technologies, Nicolaus Copernicus University, ul. Wilenska 4, 87-100 Torun, Poland
| | - Andrzej Tretyn
- Faculty of Biological and Veterinary Sciences, Nicolaus Copernicus University, ul. Lwowska 1, 87-100 Torun, Poland;
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Stein RA, Riber L. Epigenetic effects of short-chain fatty acids from the large intestine on host cells. MICROLIFE 2023; 4:uqad032. [PMID: 37441522 PMCID: PMC10335734 DOI: 10.1093/femsml/uqad032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 06/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
Adult humans harbor at least as many microbial cells as eukaryotic ones. The largest compartment of this diverse microbial population, the gut microbiota, encompasses the collection of bacteria, archaea, viruses, and eukaryotic organisms that populate the gastrointestinal tract, and represents a complex and dynamic ecosystem that has been increasingly implicated in health and disease. The gut microbiota carries ∼100-to-150-times more genes than the human genome and is intimately involved in development, homeostasis, and disease. Of the several microbial metabolites that have been studied, short-chain fatty acids emerge as a group of molecules that shape gene expression in several types of eukaryotic cells by multiple mechanisms, which include DNA methylation changes, histone post-translational modifications, and microRNA-mediated gene silencing. Butyric acid, one of the most extensively studied short-chain fatty acids, reaches higher concentrations in the colonic lumen, where it provides a source of energy for healthy colonocytes, and its concentrations decrease towards the bottom of the colonic crypts, where stem cells reside. The lower butyric acid concentration in the colonic crypts allows undifferentiated cells, such as stem cells, to progress through the cell cycle, pointing towards the importance of the crypts in providing them with a protective niche. In cancerous colonocytes, which metabolize relatively little butyric acid and mostly rely on glycolysis, butyric acid preferentially acts as a histone deacetylase inhibitor, leading to decreased cell proliferation and increased apoptosis. A better understanding of the interface between the gut microbiota metabolites and epigenetic changes in eukaryotic cells promises to unravel in more detail processes that occur physiologically and as part of disease, help develop novel biomarkers, and identify new therapeutic modalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard A Stein
- Corresponding author. Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, NYU Tandon School of Engineering, 6 MetroTech Center, Brooklyn, NY 11201, USA. Tel: +1-917-684-9438; E-mail: ;
| | - Leise Riber
- Department of Plant & Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, DK-1871 Frederiksberg, Denmark
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7
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Lambert DG. Opioids and opioid receptors; understanding pharmacological mechanisms as a key to therapeutic advances and mitigation of the misuse crisis. BJA OPEN 2023; 6:100141. [PMID: 37588171 PMCID: PMC10430815 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjao.2023.100141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
Opioids are a mainstay in acute pain management and produce their effects and side effects (e.g., tolerance, opioid-use disorder and immune suppression) by interaction with opioid receptors. I will discuss opioid pharmacology in some controversial areas of enquiry of anaesthetic relevance. The main opioid target is the µ (mu,MOP) receptor but other members of the opioid receptor family, δ (delta; DOP) and κ (kappa; KOP) opioid receptors also produce analgesic actions. These are naloxone-sensitive. There is important clinical development relating to the Nociceptin/Orphanin FQ (NOP) receptor, an opioid receptor that is not naloxone-sensitive. Better understanding of the drivers for opioid effects and side effects may facilitate separation of side effects and production of safer drugs. Opioids bind to the receptor orthosteric site to produce their effects and can engage monomer or homo-, heterodimer receptors. Some ligands can drive one intracellular pathway over another. This is the basis of biased agonism (or functional selectivity). Opioid actions at the orthosteric site can be modulated allosterically and positive allosteric modulators that enhance opioid action are in development. As well as targeting ligand-receptor interaction and transduction, modulating receptor expression and hence function is also tractable. There is evidence for epigenetic associations with different types of pain and also substance misuse. As long as the opioid narrative is defined by the 'opioid crisis' the drive to remove them could gather pace. This will deny use where they are effective, and access to morphine for pain relief in low income countries.
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8
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Kearney M, Cooper PR, Smith AJ, Duncan HF. Characterisation of miRNA Expression in Dental Pulp Cells during Epigenetically-Driven Reparative Processes. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24108631. [PMID: 37239975 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24108631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Within regenerative endodontics, exciting opportunities exist for the development of next-generation targeted biomaterials that harness epigenetic machinery, including microRNAs (miRNAs), histone acetylation, and DNA methylation, which are used to control pulpitis and to stimulate repair. Although histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi) and DNA methyltransferase inhibitors (DNMTi) induce mineralisation in dental pulp cell (DPC) populations, their interaction with miRNAs during DPC mineralisation is not known. Here, small RNA sequencing and bioinformatic analysis were used to establish a miRNA expression profile for mineralising DPCs in culture. Additionally, the effects of a HDACi, suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA), and a DNMTi, 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine (5-AZA-CdR), on miRNA expression, as well as DPC mineralisation and proliferation, were analysed. Both inhibitors increased mineralisation. However, they reduced cell growth. Epigenetically-enhanced mineralisation was accompanied by widespread changes in miRNA expression. Bioinformatic analysis identified many differentially expressed mature miRNAs that were suggested to have roles in mineralisation and stem cell differentiation, including regulation of the Wnt and MAPK pathways. Selected candidate miRNAs were demonstrated by qRT-PCR to be differentially regulated at various time points in mineralising DPC cultures treated with SAHA or 5-AZA-CdR. These data validated the RNA sequencing analysis and highlighted an increased and dynamic interaction between miRNA and epigenetic modifiers during the DPC reparative processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michaela Kearney
- Division of Restorative Dentistry & Periodontology, Dublin Dental University Hospital, Trinity College Dublin, University of Dublin, D02 F859 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Paul R Cooper
- Department of Oral Sciences, Sir John Walsh Research Institute, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Otago, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand
| | - Anthony J Smith
- Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B5 7EG, UK
| | - Henry F Duncan
- Division of Restorative Dentistry & Periodontology, Dublin Dental University Hospital, Trinity College Dublin, University of Dublin, D02 F859 Dublin, Ireland
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9
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Yang Q, Al-Hendy A. The Functional Role and Regulatory Mechanism of FTO m 6A RNA Demethylase in Human Uterine Leiomyosarcoma. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:7957. [PMID: 37175660 PMCID: PMC10178470 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24097957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Uterine leiomyosarcoma (uLMS) is the most frequent subtype of uterine sarcoma that presents a poor prognosis and high rates of recurrence and metastasis. The origin and molecular mechanism underlying and driving its clinical and biological behavior remain largely unknown. Recently, we and others have revealed the role of microRNAs, DNA methylation, and histone modifications in contributing to the pathogenesis of uLMS. However, the connection between reversible m6A RNA methylation and uLMS pathogenesis remains unclear. In this study, we assessed the role and mechanism of FTO m6A RNA demethylase in the pathogenesis of uLMS. Immunohistochemistry analysis revealed that the levels of RNA demethylases FTO and ALKBH5 were aberrantly upregulated in uLMS tissues compared to adjacent myometrium with a significant change by histochemical scoring assessment (p < 0.01). Furthermore, the inhibition of FTO demethylase with its small, potent inhibitor (Dac51) significantly decreased the uLMS proliferation dose-dependently via cell cycle arrest. Notably, RNA-seq analysis revealed that the inhibition of FTO with Dac51 exhibited a significant decrease in cell-cycle-related genes, including several CDK members, and a significant increase in the expression of CDKN1A, which correlated with a Dac51-exerted inhibitory effect on cell proliferation. Moreover, Dac51 treatment allowed the rewiring of several critical pathways, including TNFα signaling, KRAS signaling, inflammation response, G2M checkpoint, and C-Myc signaling, among others, leading to the suppression of the uLMS phenotype. Moreover, transcription factor (TF) analyses suggested that epitranscriptional alterations by Dac51 may alter the cell cycle-related gene expression via TF-driven pathways and epigenetic networks in uLMS cells. This intersection of RNA methylation and other epigenetic controls and pathways provides a framework to better understand uterine diseases, particularly uLMS pathogenesis with a dysregulation of RNA methylation machinery. Therefore, targeting the vulnerable epitranscriptome may provide an additional regulatory layer for a promising and novel strategy for treating patients with this aggressive uterine cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiwei Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
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10
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Yang Q, Falahati A, Khosh A, Mohammed H, Kang W, Corachán A, Bariani MV, Boyer TG, Al-Hendy A. Targeting Class I Histone Deacetylases in Human Uterine Leiomyosarcoma. Cells 2022; 11:cells11233801. [PMID: 36497061 PMCID: PMC9735512 DOI: 10.3390/cells11233801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Uterine leiomyosarcoma (uLMS) is the most frequent subtype of uterine sarcoma that presents a poor prognosis, high rates of recurrence, and metastasis. Currently, the molecular mechanism of the origin and development of uLMS is unknown. Class I histone deacetylases (including HDAC1, 2, 3, and 8) are one of the major classes of the HDAC family and catalyze the removal of acetyl groups from lysine residues in histones and cellular proteins. Class I HDACs exhibit distinct cellular and subcellular expression patterns and are involved in many biological processes and diseases through diverse signaling pathways. However, the link between class I HDACs and uLMS is still being determined. In this study, we assessed the expression panel of Class I HDACs in uLMS and characterized the role and mechanism of class I HDACs in the pathogenesis of uLMS. Immunohistochemistry analysis revealed that HDAC1, 2, and 3 are aberrantly upregulated in uLMS tissues compared to adjacent myometrium. Immunoblot analysis demonstrated that the expression levels of HDAC 1, 2, and 3 exhibited a graded increase from normal and benign to malignant uterine tumor cells. Furthermore, inhibition of HDACs with Class I HDACs inhibitor (Tucidinostat) decreased the uLMS proliferation in a dose-dependent manner. Notably, gene set enrichment analysis of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) revealed that inhibition of HDACs with Tucidinostat altered several critical pathways. Moreover, multiple epigenetic analyses suggested that Tucidinostat may alter the transcriptome via reprogramming the oncogenic epigenome and inducing the changes in microRNA-target interaction in uLMS cells. In the parallel study, we also determined the effect of DL-sulforaphane on the uLMS. Our study demonstrated the relevance of class I HDACs proteins in the pathogenesis of malignant uLMS. Further understanding the role and mechanism of HDACs in uLMS may provide a promising and novel strategy for treating patients with this aggressive uterine cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiwei Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- Correspondence:
| | - Ali Falahati
- Department of Biology, Yazd University, Yazd 891581841, Iran
| | - Azad Khosh
- Department of Biology, Yazd University, Yazd 891581841, Iran
| | - Hanaa Mohammed
- Anatomy Department, Faculty of Medicine, Sohag University, Sohag 82524, Egypt
| | - Wenjun Kang
- Center for Research Informatics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Ana Corachán
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Valencia, Obstetrics and Gynecology, 46026 Valencia, Spain
| | | | - Thomas G. Boyer
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Biotechnology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Ayman Al-Hendy
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
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11
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Shafiei B, Shabani M, Afgar A, Rajizadeh MA, Nazari-Robati M. Trehalose Attenuates Learning and Memory Impairments in Aged Rats via Overexpression of miR-181c. Neurochem Res 2022; 47:3309-3317. [PMID: 35906351 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-022-03687-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs have been recognized as important regulators of the aging process. Trehalose, a natural disaccharide, displays protective effects against neuronal impairment through several mechanisms. However, little is known about the interactive effects of aging and trehalose on behavioral function and underlying miRNA expression patterns in the hippocampus of young and old rats. Male Wistar rats were divided into four groups. Two groups of aged (24 months) and young (4 months) rats were administered 2% trehalose solution for 30 days. Two other groups of aged and young rats received regular tap water. At the end of treatment, rats were assessed for cognitive behavior using the Morris water maze test. The expression level of miR-181c and mir-34c was also measured by qRT-PCR. We found that trehalose treatment reduced learning and memory impairment in old rats compared to control old animals (p < 0.05). In contrast, cognitive performance was not significantly improved in trehalose-treated young rats in comparison with young controls (p > 0.05). We also showed that the expression level of miR-181c was significantly increased in trehalose-treated rats (p < 0.01). However, analysis of miR-34c expression level indicated no significant difference between trehalose-treated old rats and non-treated old animals (p > 0.05). Our results indicated that trehalose treatment improved learning and memory function in aged rats by targeting miR-181c. Therefore, trehalose administration may provide a therapeutic strategy to ameliorate age-associated cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bentolhoda Shafiei
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
- Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mohammad Shabani
- Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Ali Afgar
- Research Center for Hydatid Disease in Iran, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mohammad Amin Rajizadeh
- Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
- Physiology Research Center, Institute of Basic and Clinical Physiology Sciences, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mahdieh Nazari-Robati
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
- Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
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Azlan A, Rajasegaran Y, Kang Zi K, Rosli AA, Yik MY, Yusoff NM, Heidenreich O, Moses EJ. Elucidating miRNA Function in Cancer Biology via the Molecular Genetics' Toolbox. Biomedicines 2022; 10:915. [PMID: 35453665 PMCID: PMC9029477 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10040915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Micro-RNA (miRNAs) are short non-coding RNAs of about 18-20 nucleotides in length and are implicated in many cellular processes including proliferation, development, differentiation, apoptosis and cell signaling. Furthermore, it is well known that miRNA expression is frequently dysregulated in many cancers. Therefore, this review will highlight the various mechanisms by which microRNAs are dysregulated in cancer. Further highlights include the abundance of molecular genetics tools that are currently available to study miRNA function as well as their advantages and disadvantages with a special focus on various CRISPR/Cas systems This review provides general workflows and some practical considerations when studying miRNA function thus enabling researchers to make informed decisions in regards to the appropriate molecular genetics tool to be utilized for their experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Azlan
- Cluster of Regenerative Medicine, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Bertam, Kepala Batas 13200, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| | - Yaashini Rajasegaran
- Cluster of Regenerative Medicine, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Bertam, Kepala Batas 13200, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| | - Khor Kang Zi
- Cluster of Regenerative Medicine, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Bertam, Kepala Batas 13200, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| | - Aliaa Arina Rosli
- Cluster of Regenerative Medicine, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Bertam, Kepala Batas 13200, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| | - Mot Yee Yik
- Cluster of Regenerative Medicine, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Bertam, Kepala Batas 13200, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| | - Narazah Mohd Yusoff
- Cluster of Regenerative Medicine, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Bertam, Kepala Batas 13200, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| | - Olaf Heidenreich
- Northern Institute for Cancer Research, Paul O'Gorman Building, Medical School, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK
- Prinses Máxima Centrum Voor Kinderoncologie Heidelberglaan 25, 3584 CS Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Emmanuel Jairaj Moses
- Cluster of Regenerative Medicine, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Bertam, Kepala Batas 13200, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
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13
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Integrative analysis of OIP5-AS1/miR-129-5p/CREBBP axis as a potential therapeutic candidate in the pathogenesis of metal toxicity-induced Alzheimer's disease. GENE REPORTS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.genrep.2021.101442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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14
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Medvedeva AV, Tokmatcheva EV, Kaminskaya AN, Vasileva SA, Nikitina EA, Zhuravlev SA, Zakharov GA, Zatsepina OG, Savvateeva-Popova EV. Parent-of-origin effects on nuclear chromatin organization and behavior in a Drosophila model for Williams-Beuren Syndrome. Vavilovskii Zhurnal Genet Selektsii 2021; 25:472-485. [PMID: 34595370 PMCID: PMC8460428 DOI: 10.18699/vj21.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Prognosis of neuropsychiatric disorders in progeny requires consideration of individual (1) parent-of-origin effects (POEs) relying on (2) the nerve cell nuclear 3D chromatin architecture and (3) impact of parent-specific miRNAs. Additionally, the shaping of cognitive phenotypes in parents depends on both learning acquisition and forgetting, or memory erasure. These processes are independent and controlled by different signal cascades: the first is cAMPdependent, the second relies on actin remodeling by small GTPase Rac1 - LIMK1 (LIM-kinase 1). Simple experimental model systems such as Drosophila help probe the causes and consequences leading to human neurocognitive pathologies. Recently, we have developed a Drosophila model for Williams-Beuren Syndrome (WBS): a mutant agnts3 of the agnostic locus (X:11AB) harboring the dlimk1 gene. The agnts3 mutation drastically increases the frequency of ectopic contacts (FEC) in specific regions of intercalary heterochromatin, suppresses learning/memory and affects locomotion. As is shown in this study, the polytene X chromosome bands in reciprocal hybrids between agnts3 and the wild type strain Berlin are heterogeneous in modes of FEC regulation depending either on maternal or paternal gene origin. Bioinformatic analysis reveals that FEC between X:11AB and the other X chromosome bands correlates with the occurrence of short (~30 bp) identical DNA fragments partly homologous to Drosophila 372-bp satellite DNA repeat. Although learning acquisition in a conditioned courtship suppression paradigm is similar in hybrids, the middle-term memory formation shows patroclinic inheritance. Seemingly, this depends on changes in miR-974 expression. Several parameters of locomotion demonstrate heterosis. Our data indicate that the agnts3 locus is capable of trans-regulating gene activity via POEs on the chromatin nuclear organization, thereby affecting behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- A V Medvedeva
- Pavlov Institute of Physiology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - E V Tokmatcheva
- Pavlov Institute of Physiology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - A N Kaminskaya
- Pavlov Institute of Physiology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - S A Vasileva
- Pavlov Institute of Physiology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - E A Nikitina
- Pavlov Institute of Physiology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia Herzen State Pedagogical University of Russia, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - S A Zhuravlev
- Pavlov Institute of Physiology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - G A Zakharov
- Pavlov Institute of Physiology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - O G Zatsepina
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - E V Savvateeva-Popova
- Pavlov Institute of Physiology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia
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15
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Zhuravlev AV, Zakharov GA, Anufrieva EV, Medvedeva AV, Nikitina EA, Savvateeva-Popova EV. Chromatin Structure and "DNA Sequence View": The Role of Satellite DNA in Ectopic Pairing of the Drosophila X Polytene Chromosome. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:8713. [PMID: 34445413 PMCID: PMC8395981 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22168713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Chromatin 3D structure plays a crucial role in regulation of gene activity. Previous studies have envisioned spatial contact formations between chromatin domains with different epigenetic properties, protein compositions and transcription activity. This leaves specific DNA sequences that affect chromosome interactions. The Drosophila melanogaster polytene chromosomes are involved in non-allelic ectopic pairing. The mutant strain agnts3, a Drosophila model for Williams-Beuren syndrome, has an increased frequency of ectopic contacts (FEC) compared to the wild-type strain Canton-S (CS). Ectopic pairing can be mediated by some specific DNA sequences. In this study, using our Homology Segment Analysis software, we estimated the correlation between FEC and frequency of short matching DNA fragments (FMF) for all sections of the X chromosome of Drosophila CS and agnts3 strains. With fragment lengths of 50 nucleotides (nt), CS showed a specific FEC-FMF correlation for 20% of the sections involved in ectopic contacts. The correlation was unspecific in agnts3, which may indicate the alternative epigenetic mechanisms affecting FEC in the mutant strain. Most of the fragments that specifically contributed to FMF were related to 1.688 or 372-bp middle repeats. Thus, middle repetitive DNA may serve as an organizer of ectopic pairing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandr V. Zhuravlev
- Pavlov Institute of Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 199034 Saint Petersburg, Russia; (G.A.Z.); (A.V.M.); (E.A.N.); (E.V.S.-P.)
| | - Gennadii A. Zakharov
- Pavlov Institute of Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 199034 Saint Petersburg, Russia; (G.A.Z.); (A.V.M.); (E.A.N.); (E.V.S.-P.)
- EPAM Systems Inc., Saint Petersburg 197110, Russia
| | - Ekaterina V. Anufrieva
- Faculty of Biology, Herzen State Pedagogical University of Russia, 191186 Saint Petersburg, Russia;
| | - Anna V. Medvedeva
- Pavlov Institute of Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 199034 Saint Petersburg, Russia; (G.A.Z.); (A.V.M.); (E.A.N.); (E.V.S.-P.)
| | - Ekaterina A. Nikitina
- Pavlov Institute of Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 199034 Saint Petersburg, Russia; (G.A.Z.); (A.V.M.); (E.A.N.); (E.V.S.-P.)
- Faculty of Biology, Herzen State Pedagogical University of Russia, 191186 Saint Petersburg, Russia;
| | - Elena V. Savvateeva-Popova
- Pavlov Institute of Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 199034 Saint Petersburg, Russia; (G.A.Z.); (A.V.M.); (E.A.N.); (E.V.S.-P.)
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16
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Mayr C, Kiesslich T, Erber S, Bekric D, Dobias H, Beyreis M, Ritter M, Jäger T, Neumayer B, Winkelmann P, Klieser E, Neureiter D. HDAC Screening Identifies the HDAC Class I Inhibitor Romidepsin as a Promising Epigenetic Drug for Biliary Tract Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13153862. [PMID: 34359763 PMCID: PMC8345689 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13153862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Biliary tract cancer (BTC) is a rare disease with dismal outcomes. Therefore, the investigation of new therapeutic targets is urgently required. In this study, we demonstrate that histone deacetylases (HDACs) are expressed in BTC cell lines and that treatment of BTC cells with different HDAC class inhibitors reduces cell viability. Specifically, we found that BTC cells are vulnerable to the HDAC class I inhibitor romidepsin. Treatment with romidepsin resulted in apoptotic cell death of BTC cells and reduced HDAC activity. Furthermore, romidepsin augmented the cytotoxic effect of the standard chemotherapeutic cisplatin. HDAC class I proteins were also expressed in BTC patient samples. We detected that BTC patients with high HDAC-2-expressing tumors showed a significantly shorter survival. In summary, we were able to demonstrate that BTC cells are vulnerable to HDAC inhibition and that the HDAC class I inhibitor romidepsin might be a promising anti-BTC substance. Abstract Inhibition of histone deacetylases (HDACs) is a promising anti-cancer approach. For biliary tract cancer (BTC), only limited therapeutic options are currently available. Therefore, we performed a comprehensive investigation of HDAC expression and pharmacological HDAC inhibition into a panel of eight established BTC cell lines. The screening results indicate a heterogeneous expression of HDACs across the studied cell lines. We next tested the effect of six established HDAC inhibitors (HDACi) covering pan- and class-specific HDACis on cell viability of BTC cells and found that the effect (i) is dose- and cell-line-dependent, (ii) does not correlate with HDAC isoform expression, and (iii) is most pronounced for romidepsin (a class I HDACi), showing the highest reduction in cell viability with IC50 values in the low-nM range. Further analyses demonstrated that romidepsin induces apoptosis in BTC cells, reduces HDAC activity, and increases acetylation of histone 3 lysine 9 (H3K9Ac). Similar to BTC cell lines, HDAC 1/2 proteins were heterogeneously expressed in a cohort of resected BTC specimens (n = 78), and their expression increased with tumor grading. The survival of BTC patients with high HDAC-2-expressing tumors was significantly shorter. In conclusion, HDAC class I inhibition in BTC cells by romidepsin is highly effective in vitro and encourages further in vivo evaluation in BTC. In situ assessment of HDAC 2 expression in BTC specimens indicates its importance for oncogenesis and/or progression of BTC as well as for the prognosis of BTC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Mayr
- Center for Physiology, Pathophysiology and Biophysics-Salzburg and Nuremberg, Institute for Physiology and Pathophysiology-Salzburg, Paracelsus Medical University, Strubergasse 22, 5020 Salzburg, Austria; (T.K.); (S.E.); (D.B.); (H.D.); (M.B.); (M.R.)
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Clinics Salzburg, Paracelsus Medical University, Müllner Hauptstrasse 48, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
- Correspondence:
| | - Tobias Kiesslich
- Center for Physiology, Pathophysiology and Biophysics-Salzburg and Nuremberg, Institute for Physiology and Pathophysiology-Salzburg, Paracelsus Medical University, Strubergasse 22, 5020 Salzburg, Austria; (T.K.); (S.E.); (D.B.); (H.D.); (M.B.); (M.R.)
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Clinics Salzburg, Paracelsus Medical University, Müllner Hauptstrasse 48, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Sara Erber
- Center for Physiology, Pathophysiology and Biophysics-Salzburg and Nuremberg, Institute for Physiology and Pathophysiology-Salzburg, Paracelsus Medical University, Strubergasse 22, 5020 Salzburg, Austria; (T.K.); (S.E.); (D.B.); (H.D.); (M.B.); (M.R.)
| | - Dino Bekric
- Center for Physiology, Pathophysiology and Biophysics-Salzburg and Nuremberg, Institute for Physiology and Pathophysiology-Salzburg, Paracelsus Medical University, Strubergasse 22, 5020 Salzburg, Austria; (T.K.); (S.E.); (D.B.); (H.D.); (M.B.); (M.R.)
| | - Heidemarie Dobias
- Center for Physiology, Pathophysiology and Biophysics-Salzburg and Nuremberg, Institute for Physiology and Pathophysiology-Salzburg, Paracelsus Medical University, Strubergasse 22, 5020 Salzburg, Austria; (T.K.); (S.E.); (D.B.); (H.D.); (M.B.); (M.R.)
| | - Marlena Beyreis
- Center for Physiology, Pathophysiology and Biophysics-Salzburg and Nuremberg, Institute for Physiology and Pathophysiology-Salzburg, Paracelsus Medical University, Strubergasse 22, 5020 Salzburg, Austria; (T.K.); (S.E.); (D.B.); (H.D.); (M.B.); (M.R.)
| | - Markus Ritter
- Center for Physiology, Pathophysiology and Biophysics-Salzburg and Nuremberg, Institute for Physiology and Pathophysiology-Salzburg, Paracelsus Medical University, Strubergasse 22, 5020 Salzburg, Austria; (T.K.); (S.E.); (D.B.); (H.D.); (M.B.); (M.R.)
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Arthritis und Rehabilitation, Paracelsus Medical University, Strubergasse 22, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
- School of Medical Sciences, Kathmandu University, Kavreplanchowk, Dhulikhel 45200, Nepal
| | - Tarkan Jäger
- Department of Surgery, University Clinics Salzburg, Paracelsus Medical University, Müllner Hauptstrasse 48, 5020 Salzburg, Austria;
| | - Bettina Neumayer
- Institute of Pathology, University Clinics Salzburg, Paracelsus Medical University, Müllner Hauptstrasse 48, 5020 Salzburg, Austria; (B.N.); (P.W.); (E.K.); (D.N.)
- Cancer Cluster Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Paul Winkelmann
- Institute of Pathology, University Clinics Salzburg, Paracelsus Medical University, Müllner Hauptstrasse 48, 5020 Salzburg, Austria; (B.N.); (P.W.); (E.K.); (D.N.)
- Cancer Cluster Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Eckhard Klieser
- Institute of Pathology, University Clinics Salzburg, Paracelsus Medical University, Müllner Hauptstrasse 48, 5020 Salzburg, Austria; (B.N.); (P.W.); (E.K.); (D.N.)
- Cancer Cluster Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Daniel Neureiter
- Institute of Pathology, University Clinics Salzburg, Paracelsus Medical University, Müllner Hauptstrasse 48, 5020 Salzburg, Austria; (B.N.); (P.W.); (E.K.); (D.N.)
- Cancer Cluster Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
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Mueller S, Dennison G, Liu S. An Assessment on Ethanol-Blended Gasoline/Diesel Fuels on Cancer Risk and Mortality. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:6930. [PMID: 34203568 PMCID: PMC8297295 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18136930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Revised: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Although cancer is traditionally considered a genetic disease, the epigenetic abnormalities, including DNA hypermethylation, histone deacetylation, and/or microRNA dysregulation, have been demonstrated as a hallmark of cancer. Compared with gene mutations, aberrant epigenetic changes occur more frequently, and cellular epigenome is more susceptible to change by environmental factors. Excess cancer risks are positively associated with exposure to occupational and environmental chemical carcinogens, including those from gasoline combustion exhausted in vehicles. Of note, previous studies proposed particulate matter index (PMI) as a measure for gasoline sooting tendency, and showed that, compared with the other molecules in gasoline, 1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene, 2-methylnaphthalene and toluene significantly contribute to PMI of the gasoline blends. Mechanistically, both epigenome and genome are important in carcinogenicity, and the genotoxicity of chemical agents has been thoroughly studied. However, less effort has been put into studying the epigenotoxicity. Moreover, as the blending of ethanol into gasoline substitutes for carcinogens, like benzene, toluene, xylene, butadiene, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, etc., a reduction of secondary aromatics has been achieved in the atmosphere. This may lead to diminished cancer initiation and progression through altered cellular epigenetic landscape. The present review summarizes the most important findings in the literature on the association between exposures to carcinogens from gasoline combustion, cancer epigenetics and the potential epigenetic impacts of biofuels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steffen Mueller
- Energy Resources Center, The University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, USA;
| | - Gail Dennison
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN 55912, USA;
| | - Shujun Liu
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN 55912, USA;
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18
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Quah S, Subramanian G, Sampath P. Repurposing Belinostat for Alleviation of Atopic Dermatitis. Dermatol Ther (Heidelb) 2021; 11:655-660. [PMID: 33852133 PMCID: PMC8163942 DOI: 10.1007/s13555-021-00527-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a highly prevalent chronic inflammatory skin disease that is characterized by intense pruritus, seriously affecting patients' quality of life. Its pathophysiology, which involves both the adaptive and innate immune responses as well as skin barrier defects, is still poorly understood. We recently identified a microRNA, miR-335, as a key driver of keratinocyte differentiation and cornification, which is essential for the establishment of a healthy skin barrier. However, expression of miR-335 is lost in AD, leading to barrier defect. We further demonstrated how belinostat, a histone deacetylase inhibitor, can effectively restore miR-335 and resolve the barrier defect in a dry skin model. Here, in this commentary, we highlight the role of belinostat in the treatment of AD and discuss the need for more research into crosstalk between epigenetic and non-coding RNA-based regulation, as well as possible therapeutic strategies targeting the epigenome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Quah
- Skin Research Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR), 138648, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Gowtham Subramanian
- Skin Research Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR), 138648, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Prabha Sampath
- Skin Research Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR), 138648, Singapore, Singapore.
- Program in Cancer and Stem Cell Biology, Duke-NUS Medical School, 8 College Road, Singapore, 169857, Singapore.
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Gerovska D, Garcia-Gallastegi P, Crende O, Márquez J, Larrinaga G, Unzurrunzaga M, Araúzo-Bravo MJ, Badiola I. GeromiRs Are Downregulated in the Tumor Microenvironment during Colon Cancer Colonization of the Liver in a Murine Metastasis Model. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22094819. [PMID: 34062897 PMCID: PMC8124834 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22094819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Revised: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a phenomenon broadly related to ageing in various ways such as cell cycle deregulation, metabolic defects or telomerases dysfunction as principal processes. Although the tumor cell is the main actor in cancer progression, it is not the only element of the disease. Cells and the matrix surrounding the tumor, called the tumor microenvironment (TME), play key roles in cancer progression. Phenotypic changes of the TME are indispensable for disease progression and a few of these transformations are produced by epigenetic changes including miRNA dysregulation. In this study, we found that a specific group of miRNAs in the liver TME produced by colon cancer called geromiRs, which are miRNAs related to the ageing process, are significantly downregulated. The three principal cell types involved in the liver TME, namely, liver sinusoidal endothelial cells, hepatic stellate (Ito) cells and Kupffer cells, were isolated from a murine hepatic metastasis model, and the miRNA and gene expression profiles were studied. From the 115 geromiRs and their associated hallmarks of aging, which we compiled from the literature, 75 were represented in the used microarrays, 26 out of them were downregulated in the TME cells during colon cancer colonization of the liver, and none of them were upregulated. The histone modification hallmark of the downregulated geromiRs is significantly enriched with the geromiRs miR-15a, miR-16, miR-26a, miR-29a, miR-29b and miR-29c. We built a network of all of the geromiRs downregulated in the TME cells and their gene targets from the MirTarBase database, and we analyzed the expression of these geromiR gene targets in the TME. We found that Cercam and Spsb4, identified as prognostic markers in a few cancer types, are associated with downregulated geromiRs and are upregulated in the TME cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Gerovska
- Computational Biology and Systems Biomedicine Group, Biodonostia Health Research Institute, C/Doctor Beguiristain s/n, 20014 San Sebastián, Spain;
- Computational Biomedicine Data Analysis Platform, Biodonostia Health Research Institute, C/Doctor Beguiristain s/n, 20014 San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Patricia Garcia-Gallastegi
- Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 48940 Leioa, Spain; (P.G.-G.); (O.C.); (J.M.)
| | - Olatz Crende
- Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 48940 Leioa, Spain; (P.G.-G.); (O.C.); (J.M.)
| | - Joana Márquez
- Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 48940 Leioa, Spain; (P.G.-G.); (O.C.); (J.M.)
| | - Gorka Larrinaga
- Department of Nursing I, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 48940 Leioa, Spain;
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 48940 Leioa, Spain
- BioCruces Health Research Institute, 48903 Barakaldo, Spain
| | - Maite Unzurrunzaga
- Centro Salud Legazpi OSI Goierri-Urola Garaia-Osakidetza, 20230 Legazpia, Spain;
| | - Marcos J. Araúzo-Bravo
- Computational Biology and Systems Biomedicine Group, Biodonostia Health Research Institute, C/Doctor Beguiristain s/n, 20014 San Sebastián, Spain;
- Computational Biomedicine Data Analysis Platform, Biodonostia Health Research Institute, C/Doctor Beguiristain s/n, 20014 San Sebastián, Spain
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, C/María Díaz Harokoa 3, 48013 Bilbao, Spain
- CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERfes), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- TransBioNet Thematic Network of Excellence for Transitional Bioinformatics, Barcelona Supercomputing Center, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
- Computational Biology and Bioinformatics Group, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, Röntgenstr. 20, 48149 Münster, Germany
- Correspondence: (M.J.A.-B.); (I.B.); Tel.: +34-94-3006108 (M.J.A.-B.); +34-94-6015776 (I.B.)
| | - Iker Badiola
- Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 48940 Leioa, Spain; (P.G.-G.); (O.C.); (J.M.)
- Nanokide Therapeutics SL, Zitek Ed, Rectorado Bajo, Bº Sarriena sn, 48940 Leioa, Spain
- Correspondence: (M.J.A.-B.); (I.B.); Tel.: +34-94-3006108 (M.J.A.-B.); +34-94-6015776 (I.B.)
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20
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Mao K, Zhang G. The role of PARP1 in neurodegenerative diseases and aging. FEBS J 2021; 289:2013-2024. [DOI: 10.1111/febs.15716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Revised: 01/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kanmin Mao
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Health Ministry of Education Department of Toxicology School of Public Health Tongji Medical College Wuhan China
- Institute for Brain Research Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China
| | - Guo Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Health Ministry of Education Department of Toxicology School of Public Health Tongji Medical College Wuhan China
- Institute for Brain Research Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China
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21
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Li L, Wang P, Zhao H, Luo Y. Noncoding RNAs and Intracerebral Hemorrhage. CNS & NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS-DRUG TARGETS 2020; 18:205-211. [PMID: 30714535 DOI: 10.2174/1871527318666190204102604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Revised: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is the most devastating subtype of stroke, for which there are few effective interventions. Computed tomography is accepted as the gold standard for diagnosis, whereas surgical evacuation is the main treatment for ICH. However, in emergency rooms, time is limited and information regarding a patient's clinical status or tolerance is typically not available. Many studies over the last decade have investigated the fundamental mechanisms of ICH and especially hematoma, which not only cause physical damage but also release toxins that have detrimental effects. However, there remain many gaps in our understanding of ICH. Compared to ischemic stroke, there is little known about the ICH pathogenesis and treatment options, and few specific biomarkers are available for monitoring disease progression, which include hematoma enlargement and perihematoma edema. Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) are involved in various biological processes and are potential biomarkers and therapeutic tools in central nervous system diseases. Recent studies have examined the role of ncRNAs including microRNAs, long noncoding RNAs, and circular RNAs-the three main subgroups associated with stroke-in ICH models. A deeper understanding of the functions of ncRNAs in different biological processes can provide a basis for developing more effective therapeutic strategies to prevent neuronal damage following ICH. In clinical settings, ncRNAs can serve as biomarkers for predicting the degree of injury resulting from ICH. CONCLUSION In this review, we discuss the current state of knowledge of the role of ncRNAs in ICH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingzhi Li
- Institute of Cerebrovascular Disease Research and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Geriatric Medical Research Center and Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Cerebrovascular Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Pingping Wang
- Institute of Cerebrovascular Disease Research and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Geriatric Medical Research Center and Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Cerebrovascular Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Haiping Zhao
- Institute of Cerebrovascular Disease Research and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Geriatric Medical Research Center and Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Cerebrovascular Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Yumin Luo
- Institute of Cerebrovascular Disease Research and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Geriatric Medical Research Center and Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Cerebrovascular Diseases, Beijing, China.,Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China
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22
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Kotb HG, Ibrahim AH, Mohamed EF, Ali OM, Hassanein N, Badawy D, Abdelatty Aly E. The expression of microRNA 146a in patients with ischemic stroke: an observational study. Int J Gen Med 2019; 12:273-278. [PMID: 31496785 PMCID: PMC6691961 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s213535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim We conducted the present prospective study to assess the level of microRNA (miRNA) 146a in patients with ischemic stroke and its correlation with patients' characteristics. Methods We conducted an observational study that included adult patients (≥18 years old) who presented within 24 hrs after the onset of the symptoms of acute ischemic stroke. In addition, age- and sex-matched healthy volunteers were included as control group. The primary outcome in the present study was the difference in miRNA 146a expression between patients with ischemic stroke and control group participants. The expression of miRNA 146a was measured using quantitative real-time PCR. Quantitative real-time PCR amplification and analysis were performed using Rotor-Gene Q thermal cycler. Results The present study included 44 patients with ischemic stroke and 22 matched controls. Regarding the primary outcome of the present study, the median expression of miRNA 146a in patients with ischemic stroke was -1.98 fold (IQR -27.1-3.9) compared to 1.75 fold (IQR -2.25-5.27) in control group (P<0.001). However, the subgroup analysis showed that the expression of miRNA 146a was significantly downregulated in comatosed patients only (P<0.001). The expression of miRNA 146a correlated negatively with Glasgow Coma Scale score in comatose patients (r=-0.352, P=0.022). Conclusion In conclusion, the expression of miRNA 146a is significantly downregulated in ischemic stroke patients. Further studies are needed to assess its diagnostic utility and therapeutic potentials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hend G Kotb
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine for Girls, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Amal H Ibrahim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine for Girls, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Eman F Mohamed
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine for Girls, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Omaima M Ali
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Aswan University, Aswan, Egypt
| | - Nagwa Hassanein
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine for Girls, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Dina Badawy
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine for Girls, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ehab Abdelatty Aly
- Health Radiation Research Department, National Center of Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt
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Xu W, Gao L, Zheng J, Li T, Shao A, Reis C, Chen S, Zhang J. The Roles of MicroRNAs in Stroke: Possible Therapeutic Targets. Cell Transplant 2018; 27:1778-1788. [PMID: 29871520 PMCID: PMC6300776 DOI: 10.1177/0963689718773361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Stroke is one of the most devastating diseases worldwide. In recent years, a great number of studies have focused on the effects of microRNAs (miRNAs) on stroke and the results demonstrated that the expressions of miRNAs are associated with the prognosis of stroke. In the present study, we review relevant articles regarding miRNAs and stroke and will explain the complex link between both. The miRNAs participate extensively in the pathophysiology following the stroke, including apoptosis, neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, blood–brain barrier (BBB) disruption and brain edema. The information about the stroke–miRNA system may be helpful for therapeutic and diagnostic methods in stroke treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weilin Xu
- 1 Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Liansheng Gao
- 1 Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jingwei Zheng
- 1 Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Tao Li
- 1 Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Anwen Shao
- 1 Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Cesar Reis
- 4 Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | - Sheng Chen
- 1 Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jianmin Zhang
- 1 Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,2 Brain Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,3 Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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24
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Li Y, Li Y, Chen Y, Xie Q, Dong N, Gao Y, Deng H, Lu C, Wang S. MicroRNA-214-3p inhibits proliferation and cell cycle progression by targeting MELK in hepatocellular carcinoma and correlates cancer prognosis. Cancer Cell Int 2017; 17:102. [PMID: 29151817 PMCID: PMC5678695 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-017-0471-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2017] [Accepted: 10/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background MicroRNAs are considered as potential regulators in various biological pathways and contribute to the diagnosis and prognosis of cancers. MicroRNA-214-3p (miR-214-3p) was proved to be correlated with various cancers in recent studies. However, the biological functions of miR-214-3p in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and its association with the prognosis of HCC after liver transplantation are still unevaluated. Here we intended to elucidate the functional implication of miR-214-3p in regulation of cell proliferation and apoptosis and its potential prediction of clinical prognosis of HCC patients. Methods Expressions of miR-214-3p in 98 HCC patients and three HCC cell lines were detected by quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) to explore the association of miR-214-3p expression and clinicopathological characteristics. The effects of miR-214-3p on cell proliferation and apoptosis were examined by proliferation and flow cytometry assay, respectively. The direct target gene of miR-214-3p was also detected by luciferase reporter assay. Results The effects of miR-214-3p on cell proliferation and apoptosis were examined by proliferation and flow cytometry assay, respectively. The direct target gene of miR-214-3p was also detected by luciferase reporter assay. The results showed that miR-214-3p expression was downregulated in primary HCC samples compared with normal liver tissues, and was decreased in HCC recurrence species compared with non-recurrence controls (P = 0.001). Low miR-214-3p level was associated with poor overall survival (OS) (Log rank P = 0.003) and recurrence-free survival (RFS) (Log rank P = 0.007). Moreover, miR-214-3p precursor transfection resulted in decreased cell proliferation, cell cycle arrest at G1 phase, and enhanced cell apoptosis in HepG2 and HUH-7 cells. Further investigation showed that miR-214-3p could regulate its target gene maternal embryonic leucine zipper kinase (MELK) by directly binding to MELK-3′-UTR. Conclusions miR-214-3p suppresses HCC progression by directly down-regulating MELK expression, indicating a potential therapeutic target for the treatment and prognosis of HCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Li
- Institute of Antibody Engineering, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, No. 1838, Guangzhou Avenue North, Guangzhou, 510515 China
| | - You Li
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi University, No. 100, Daxue Road, Nanning, 530004 Guangxi Province China
| | - Yao Chen
- Institute of Antibody Engineering, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, No. 1838, Guangzhou Avenue North, Guangzhou, 510515 China
| | - Qian Xie
- Institute of Antibody Engineering, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, No. 1838, Guangzhou Avenue North, Guangzhou, 510515 China
| | - Ningning Dong
- Institute of Antibody Engineering, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, No. 1838, Guangzhou Avenue North, Guangzhou, 510515 China
| | - Yanjun Gao
- Institute of Antibody Engineering, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, No. 1838, Guangzhou Avenue North, Guangzhou, 510515 China
| | - Huan Deng
- Institute of Antibody Engineering, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, No. 1838, Guangzhou Avenue North, Guangzhou, 510515 China
| | - Chunhua Lu
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi University, No. 100, Daxue Road, Nanning, 530004 Guangxi Province China
| | - Suihai Wang
- Institute of Antibody Engineering, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, No. 1838, Guangzhou Avenue North, Guangzhou, 510515 China
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Khoshnam SE, Winlow W, Farzaneh M. The Interplay of MicroRNAs in the Inflammatory Mechanisms Following Ischemic Stroke. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 2017; 76:548-561. [DOI: 10.1093/jnen/nlx036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
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26
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Khoshnam SE, Winlow W, Farbood Y, Moghaddam HF, Farzaneh M. Emerging Roles of microRNAs in Ischemic Stroke: As Possible Therapeutic Agents. J Stroke 2017; 19:166-187. [PMID: 28480877 PMCID: PMC5466283 DOI: 10.5853/jos.2016.01368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2016] [Revised: 02/08/2017] [Accepted: 02/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Stroke is one of the leading causes of death and physical disability worldwide. The consequences of stroke injuries are profound and persistent, causing in considerable burden to both the individual patient and society. Current treatments for ischemic stroke injuries have proved inadequate, partly owing to an incomplete understanding of the cellular and molecular changes that occur following ischemic stroke. MicroRNAs (miRNA) are endogenously expressed RNA molecules that function to inhibit mRNA translation and have key roles in the pathophysiological processes contributing to ischemic stroke injuries. Potential therapeutic areas to compensate these pathogenic processes include promoting angiogenesis, neurogenesis and neuroprotection. Several miRNAs, and their target genes, are recognized to be involved in these recoveries and repair mechanisms. The capacity of miRNAs to simultaneously regulate several target genes underlies their unique importance in ischemic stroke therapeutics. In this Review, we focus on the role of miRNAs as potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers, as well as promising therapeutic agents in cerebral ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Esmaeil Khoshnam
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Physiology Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - William Winlow
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università degli Studi di Napoli, Napoli, Italia.,Institute of Ageing and Chronic Diseases, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Yaghoob Farbood
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Physiology Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Hadi Fathi Moghaddam
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Physiology Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Maryam Farzaneh
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
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Kassis H, Shehadah A, Chopp M, Zhang ZG. Epigenetics in Stroke Recovery. Genes (Basel) 2017; 8:genes8030089. [PMID: 28264471 PMCID: PMC5368693 DOI: 10.3390/genes8030089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2016] [Revised: 02/02/2017] [Accepted: 02/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract: While the death rate from stroke has continually decreased due to interventions in the hyperacute stage of the disease, long-term disability and institutionalization have become common sequelae in the aftermath of stroke. Therefore, identification of new molecular pathways that could be targeted to improve neurological recovery among survivors of stroke is crucial. Epigenetic mechanisms such as post-translational modifications of histone proteins and microRNAs have recently emerged as key regulators of the enhanced plasticity observed during repair processes after stroke. In this review, we highlight the recent advancements in the evolving field of epigenetics in stroke recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haifa Kassis
- Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI 48202, USA.
| | - Amjad Shehadah
- Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI 48202, USA.
| | - Michael Chopp
- Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI 48202, USA.
- Department of Physics, Oakland University, Rochester, MI 48309, USA.
| | - Zheng Gang Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI 48202, USA.
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28
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Abstract
Epilepsy is a common type of neurological disorder with complex etiology. The mechanisms are still not clear. MicroRNAs are endogenous noncoding RNAs with many physiological activities. Multiple microRNAs were abnormally expressed in status epilepticus, including miR-210. In this study, we applied lithium chloride and pilocarpine to induce epileptic activity and aimed to disclose the potential mechanisms. Our data showed that miR-210 was significantly upregulated in hippocampus one day after modeling (P<0.05 vs control) and the high expression of miR-210 lasted for at least 30 days. By contrast, γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) level significantly decreased concurrently after modeling (P<0.05 vs control). To question whether miR-210 could be a potential therapeutic target for epilepsy, miR-210 inhibitor was administrated through intrahippocampal injection after epilepsy modeling. Our data showed that morphological changes of hippocampal neurons and apoptosis triggered by epilepsy were mitigated by miR-210 inhibition. More importantly, the expressions of GABA-related proteins, including GABAA receptor α1, glutamate decarboxylase, and GABA transporter 1, were significantly elevated after epilepsy modeling in both mRNA and protein levels 3 days postmodeling (P<0.05 vs control), which were mitigated by miR-210 inhibitor treatment (P<0.05 vs model). In addition, epilepsy-induced upregulation of GABA transaminase was alleviated by miR-210 inhibitor. Taken together, these data implicated potential roles of miR-210 in lithium chloride-pilocarpine-induced epilepsy model and miR-210 could serve as a potential therapeutic target in status epilepticus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Licheng Chen
- Neurological Department of Internal Medicine, Linyi People's Hospital of Shandong Province, Linyi, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Zheng
- Neurological Department of Internal Medicine, Linyi People's Hospital of Shandong Province, Linyi, People's Republic of China
| | - Shimeng Zhang
- Neurological Department of Internal Medicine, Linyi People's Hospital of Shandong Province, Linyi, People's Republic of China
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Liang S, Zhao MH, Choi JW, Kim NH, Cui XS. Scriptaid Treatment Decreases DNA Methyltransferase 1 Expression by Induction of MicroRNA-152 Expression in Porcine Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer Embryos. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0134567. [PMID: 26261994 PMCID: PMC4532471 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0134567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2015] [Accepted: 07/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Abnormal epigenetic reprogramming of donor nuclei after somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) is thought to be the main cause of low cloning efficiencies. A growing body of evidence has demonstrated a positive role of Scriptaid, a histone deacetylase inhibitor (HDACi) that belongs to an existing class of hydroxamic acid-containing HDACis, on the development competence of cloned embryos in many species. The present study investigated the effects of Scriptaid on the development of porcine SCNT embryos in vitro and its mechanism. Treatment with 300 or 500 nM Scriptaid for 20 h after activation significantly increased the percentage of SCNT embryos that developed to the blastocyst stage and the total number of cells per blastocyst and significantly decreased the percentage of apoptotic cells in blastocysts. Scriptaid treatment significantly increased the level of histone H3 acetylated at K9 and the conversion of 5-methylcytosine into 5-hydroxymethylcytosine and significantly decreased the level of histone H3 trimethylated at K9 at the pronuclear stage. As a potential mechanism for the DNA methylation changes, our results showed that the expression of DNA methyltransferase 1 was frequently down-regulated in Scriptaid-treated embryos in comparison with untreated embryos and was inversely correlated to endogenous microRNA-152 (miR-152). Taken together, these findings illustrated a crucial functional crosstalk between miR-152 and DNMT1. Meanwhile, mRNA and protein levels of POU5F1 and CDX2 were increased in Scriptaid-treated embryos. mRNA levels of Caspase3, and Bax were significantly decreased and that of Bcl-xL was significantly increased in Scriptaid-treated embryos. In conclusion, these observations would contribute to uncover the nuclear reprogramming mechanisms underlying the effects of Scriptaid on the improvement of porcine SCNT embryos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Liang
- Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 361–763, Republic of Korea
- Brain Korea 21 center for Bio-Resource Development, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 361–763, Republic of Korea
| | - Ming-Hui Zhao
- Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 361–763, Republic of Korea
- Brain Korea 21 center for Bio-Resource Development, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 361–763, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-woo Choi
- Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 361–763, Republic of Korea
- Brain Korea 21 center for Bio-Resource Development, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 361–763, Republic of Korea
| | - Nam-Hyung Kim
- Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 361–763, Republic of Korea
- Brain Korea 21 center for Bio-Resource Development, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 361–763, Republic of Korea
- * E-mail: (NHK); (XSC)
| | - Xiang-Shun Cui
- Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 361–763, Republic of Korea
- Brain Korea 21 center for Bio-Resource Development, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 361–763, Republic of Korea
- * E-mail: (NHK); (XSC)
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