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Chang CL, Gan YC, Pan CY, Tseng YT, Wang TC, Tsai CL. Neurocognitive performance of badminton players at different competitive levels in visuospatial attention tasks. Exp Brain Res 2024; 242:1933-1946. [PMID: 38900160 DOI: 10.1007/s00221-024-06872-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Visuospatial attention (VSA) is a cognitive function that enables athletes, particularly those engaged in open-skill sports, to allocate attentional resources efficiently to the appropriate target and in the appropriate direction. Studies have indicated that expert players exhibit superior cognitive performance to that of novices. However, no study has investigated differences in VSA performance among elite, expert, and intermediate badminton players or the potential neurophysiological mechanisms underlying such differences. Accordingly, the present study explored neuropsychological and neurophysiological parameters during VSA tasks among badminton players of varying competitive levels. The study included 54 participants and divided them into three groups according to their competition records: elite (n = 18), expert (n = 18), and intermediate (n = 18). Their neuropsychological performance and brain event-related potentials (ERPs) during the Posner cueing paradigm were collected. Although the three groups did not differ in their accuracy rates, ERP N2 amplitudes, or N2 or P3 latencies, the elite and expert groups exhibited notably faster reaction times and more pronounced P3 amplitudes than did the intermediate group during the cognitive task. However, we did not observe these between-group differences when we controlled for the covariate training years. Additionally, the elite and expert groups exhibited comparable neurocognitive performance. These findings indicate that badminton players' competitive levels influence their VSA. However, the beneficial effects on neuropsychological and neurophysiological performance could stabilize after a certain level of badminton competence is reached. Year of training could also be a major factor influencing badminton players' neurocognitive performance in VSA tasks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Liang Chang
- Institute of Physical Education, Health and Leisure Studies, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chia Gan
- Institute of Physical Education, Health and Leisure Studies, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Yu Pan
- Department of Physical Education, National Kaohsiung Normal University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ting Tseng
- Department of Kinesiology, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Tsai-Chiao Wang
- Institute of Physical Education, Health and Leisure Studies, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- General Research Service Center, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Liang Tsai
- Institute of Physical Education, Health and Leisure Studies, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
- Department of Psychology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
- Lab of Cognitive Neurophysiology, Institute of Physical Education, Health & Leisure Studies, No. 1, University Road, Tainan, 701, Taiwan.
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Wu KC, Lee YL, Chen SC. The effects of age and gender and elite levels on perceptual-cognitive skills of adolescent badminton athletes. Front Psychol 2024; 15:1415693. [PMID: 39021653 PMCID: PMC11252476 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1415693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction This study aimed to examine perceptual-cognitive skills across age, gender and elite levels of badminton adolescent athletes. Methods A total of 57 badminton athletes divided into junior high school athletes (age = 13.36 ± 1.14 years, females = 22, males = 11) and senior high school athletes (age = 16.25 ± 0.84 years, females = 11, males = 13) were evaluated using a cognitive component skills approach. Elite levels were classified as semi-elite (n = 29, score = 3.23) and competitive elite (n = 28, score = 5.84) levels. Each group completed a cognitive test, including an evaluation of their capacity for Corsi block-tapping (CCT) and spatial priming tasks (SPT). Results No gender effects were found in the perceptual skills of the adolescent players, and the age effect was consistent across gender. For the elite levels, the perceptual-cognitive skills of SPT of reaction time was performed equally in the groups of semi-elite and competitive players, however, in the CCT Span of working-memory (WM), competitive-elite players outperformed semi-elite players. Conclusion We found that perceptual-cognitive skills of WM play crucial roles in the open-skill sports of badminton. Thus, when developing advanced skills to higher elite levels in adolescent players, perceptual-cognitive skills should be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuo-Cheng Wu
- Graduate Institute of Sports Training, University of Taipei, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Lung Lee
- Graduate Institute of Sports Training, University of Taipei, Taipei, Taiwan
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Chen KF, Chueh TY, Hung TM. Differences in visuospatial cognition among table tennis players of different skill levels: an event-related potential study. PeerJ 2024; 12:e17295. [PMID: 38827290 PMCID: PMC11144390 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.17295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to examine the influence of sport skill levels on behavioural and neuroelectric performance in visuospatial attention and memory visuospatial tasks were administered to 54 participants, including 18 elite and 18 amateur table tennis players and 18 nonathletes, while event-related potentials were recorded. In all the visuospatial attention and memory conditions, table tennis players displayed faster reaction times than nonathletes, regardless of skill level, although there was no difference in accuracy between groups. In addition, regardless of task conditions, both player groups had a greater P3 amplitude than nonathletes, and elite players exhibited a greater P3 amplitude than amateurs players. The results of this study indicate that table tennis players, irrespective of their skill level, exhibit enhanced visuospatial capabilities. Notably, athletes at the elite level appear to benefit from an augmented allocation of attentional resources when engaging in visuospatial tasks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuan-Fu Chen
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Yu Chueh
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Min Hung
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Ji Q, Zhou C, Wang Y. Influence of conflicting prior information on action anticipation in soccer players: an ERP study. Front Behav Neurosci 2023; 17:1320900. [PMID: 38131060 PMCID: PMC10733450 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2023.1320900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Prior probability information and visual kinematic information are essential for action anticipation in athletes. The aims of this study were to examine how conflicting prior information influences anticipatory judgment in athletes vs. non-athletes and to explore the underlying cognitive mechanisms. Methods The aim of Experiment 1 was to determine the moment when prior information influenced action anticipation in athletes vs. non-athletes. To that end, 17 semi-elite soccer goalkeepers and 18 non-athletes received prior information about the probability of the direction that a player on a video would kick a ball into the goal. Participants then anticipated the trajectory of the ball when the action of the player's kick on the video was truncated at the moment the foot contacted the ball (time T) or one frame (T-1; 50 ms) or two frames (T-2; 100 ms) before the foot-ball contact. The aim of Experiment 2 was to elucidate the adaptive cognitive-motor behavior exhibited by highly trained soccer players at the moment when their anticipatory performance was most influenced by prior information. Experiment 2 included 27 different semi-elite soccer players with many years of experience as a goalkeeper and 27 different non-athletes. Participants anticipated the direction of the kick when the kinematic action of the kicker at the moment the anticipatory performance of the participants was most influenced by prior information (as determined in Experiment 1) was congruent, incongruent, or neutral. Action anticipation accuracy and response time were evaluated for both experiments, whereas event-related potential components N1, N2, and P3 were assessed only in Experiment 2. Results The results of Experiment 1 showed that anticipatory accuracy was significantly higher among athletes than non-athletes and that anticipatory accuracy with directional information given was significantly higher than that when no prior information was given or when prior information without directional information was given (p < 0.001) for both T-1 (p's ≤ 0.034) and T-2 (p's < 0.001) occlusion points. In Experiment 2 using those two video occlusion times, the amplitude of the N1 component, which reflects selective attention to stimulus properties, was significantly higher in athletes than in non-athletes (p < 0.001). The amplitude of the N2 component, which has been associated with conflict monitoring, for the incongruent condition was significantly higher than that for both neutral (p < 0.001) and congruent (p < 0.001) conditions in athletes. Non-athletes exhibited no significant N2 amplitude differences for any prior information condition. Conclusion Integrating prior information enhanced action anticipation in semi-elite soccer players, particularly 50 and 100 ms before the foot-ball contact. Semi-elite soccer players prioritized early selective attention and conflict monitoring of kinematic information, facilitating action anticipation using the prior information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingchun Ji
- Department of Physical Education, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai, China
- Sports Economic Management Research Center, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai, China
| | - Chenglin Zhou
- School of Psychology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Motor Cognitive Assessment and Regulation, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Yingying Wang
- School of Psychology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Motor Cognitive Assessment and Regulation, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
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Gostilovich S, Kotliar Shapirov A, Znobishchev A, Phan AH, Cichocki A. Biomarkers of professional cybersportsmen: Event related potentials and cognitive tests study. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0289293. [PMID: 37527271 PMCID: PMC10393144 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0289293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023] Open
Abstract
"Faster, higher, stronger" is the motto of any professional athlete. Does that apply to brain dynamics as well? In our paper, we performed a series of EEG experiments on Visually Evoked Potentials and a series of cognitive tests-reaction time and visual search, with professional eSport players in Counter-Strike: Global Offensive (CS:GO) and novices (control group) in order to find important differences between them. EEG data were studied in a temporal domain by Event-Related Potentials (ERPs) and in a frequency domain by Variational Mode Decomposition. The EEG analysis showed that the brain reaction of eSport players is faster (P300 latency is earlier on average by 20-70 ms, p < 0.005) and stronger (P300 peak amplitude is higher on average by 7-9 mkV, p < 0.01). Professional eSport players also exhibit stronger stimulus-locked alpha-band power. Besides, the Spearman correlation analysis showed a significant correlation between hours spend in CS:GO and mean amplitude of P200 and N200 for the professional players. The comparison of cognitive test results showed the superiority of the professional players to the novices in reaction time (faster) and choice reaction time-faster reaction, but similar correctness, while a significant difference in visual search skills was not detected. Thus, significant differences in EEG signals (in spectrograms and ERPs) and cognitive test results (reaction time) were detected between the professional players and the control group. Cognitive tests could be used to separate skilled players from novices, while EEG testing can help to understand the skilled player's level. The results can contribute to understanding the impact of eSport on a player's cognitive state and associating eSport with a real sport. Moreover, the presented results can be useful for evaluating eSport team members and making training plans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergei Gostilovich
- Center for Artificial Intelligent Technology, Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology (Skoltech), Moscow, Russia
| | - Airat Kotliar Shapirov
- Center for Artificial Intelligent Technology, Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology (Skoltech), Moscow, Russia
| | - Andrei Znobishchev
- Center for Artificial Intelligent Technology, Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology (Skoltech), Moscow, Russia
| | - Anh-Huy Phan
- Center for Artificial Intelligent Technology, Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology (Skoltech), Moscow, Russia
| | - Andrzej Cichocki
- Center for Artificial Intelligent Technology, Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology (Skoltech), Moscow, Russia
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Costa S, Berchicci M, Bianco V, Croce P, Di Russo F, Quinzi F, Bertollo M, Zappasodi F. Brain dynamics of visual anticipation during spatial occlusion tasks in expert tennis players. PSYCHOLOGY OF SPORT AND EXERCISE 2023; 65:102335. [PMID: 37665843 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychsport.2022.102335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/13/2022] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
Stimulus identification and action outcome understanding for a rapid and accurate response selection, play a fundamental role in racquet sports. Here, we investigated the neurodynamics of visual anticipation in tennis manipulating the postural and kinematic information associated with the body of opponents by means of a spatial occlusion protocol. Event Related Potentials (ERPs) were evaluated in two groups of professional tennis players (N = 37) with different levels of expertise, while they observed pictures of opponents and predicted the landing position as fast and accurately as possible. The observed action was manipulated by deleting different body districts of the opponent (legs, ball, racket and arm, trunk). Full body image (no occlusion) was used as control condition. The worst accuracy and the slowest response time were observed in the occlusion of trunk and ball. The former was associated with a reduced amplitude of the ERP components likely linked to body processing (the N1 in the right hemisphere) and visual-motor integration awareness (the pP1), as well as with an increase of the late frontal negativity (the pN2), possibly reflecting an effort by the insula to recover and/or complete the most correct sensory-motor representation. In both occlusions, a decrease in the pP2 may reflect an impairment of decisional processes upon action execution following sensory evidence accumulation. Enhanced amplitude of the P3 and the pN2 components were found in more experienced players, suggesting a greater allocation of resources in the process connecting sensory encoding and response execution, and sensory-motor representation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Costa
- Department of Neurosciences, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, University "Gabriele d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Marika Berchicci
- Department of Psychological, Humanistic and Territorial Sciences, University "Gabriele d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy; Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico", Rome, Italy
| | - Valentina Bianco
- Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience, Department of Languages and Literatures, Communication, Education and Society, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Pierpaolo Croce
- Department of Neurosciences, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, University "Gabriele d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy; Behavioral Imaging and Neural Dynamics Center, University "Gabriele d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Francesco Di Russo
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico", Rome, Italy; Santa Lucia Foundation IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Federico Quinzi
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico", Rome, Italy
| | - Maurizio Bertollo
- Behavioral Imaging and Neural Dynamics Center, University "Gabriele d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy; Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy.
| | - Filippo Zappasodi
- Department of Neurosciences, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, University "Gabriele d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy; Behavioral Imaging and Neural Dynamics Center, University "Gabriele d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy; Institute for Advanced Biomedical Technologies, University "Gabriele d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
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Angelopoulou K, Vlachakis D, Darviri C, Chrousos GP, Kanaka-Gantenbein C, Bacopoulou F. Brain Activity of Professional Dancers During Audiovisual Stimuli Exposure: A Systematic Review. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2023; 1425:457-467. [PMID: 37581819 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-31986-0_44] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
Many studies have shown the effect of dance to the brain. It seems that long-term practice modulates brain plasticity and visuomotor skills, as it activates the Action Observation Network (AON). The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate potential differences in the brain activity (visuomotor skills) between professional dancers and non-dancer adults, measured by electroencephalography (EEG), during the observation of an individual who is dancing (video dance stimuli). This literature search was conducted from February to June 2022, according to the PRISMA guidelines, in the PubMed database using advanced search, mesh terms, and extensive manual search. The included articles were published in English. Specifically, case-control studies were selected, which used healthy adults, professional dancers, and non-dancers as participants, who were exposed to video dance clips and measured by EEG. The articles were excluded if they were based on different type of study, unhealthy population, control group with athletic background, different type of stimuli (rhythmic), or different type of task and procedure. The ratings of quality of evidence were conducted using the Joanna Briggs Institute's (JBI) critical appraisal tool. Five case-control studies were included with 193 participants in total, 87% females. The participating groups of professional dancers (n = 12-25) had mean age 25.14 years, with at least 9-19 years of professional training, whereas control groups had the same sample size, mean age of 24.14 years, and no experience in dancing. Most of the studies presented high methodological quality. All studies showed significant differences in dancers' brain activity, especially regarding the visuomotor skills. The results showed faster activation of AON demonstrated by higher P300 at the frontocentral regions and increased sensitivity of the occipital temporal cortex. Dancers could cope easier with familiar-unfamiliar and effortful-effortless movements. They also demonstrated faster alpha band peak frequency, stronger synchrony over the bands theta, beta, gamma during the audiovisual stimuli, and the ability to encode faster the visual information. The results demonstrate that dancers had better visuomotor skills suggesting dance-enhanced neuroplasticity, as professional dancers processed their actions easier. Dance, which includes visuomotor tasks, could help in prevention, therapy, and rehabilitation of neurodegenerative diseases or movement disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyriaki Angelopoulou
- School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Vlachakis
- Laboratory of Genetics, Department of Biotechnology, School of Applied Biology and Biotechnology, Agricultural University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Christina Darviri
- School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - George P Chrousos
- University Research Institute of Maternal and Child Health & Precision Medicine, and UNESCO Chair in Adolescent Health Care, Aghia Sophia Children's Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Christina Kanaka-Gantenbein
- First Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Aghia Sophia Children's Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Flora Bacopoulou
- Center for Adolescent Medicine and UNESCO Chair in Adolescent Health Care, First Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Aghia Sophia Children's Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
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Voigt L, Friedrich J, Grove P, Heinrich N, Ittlinger S, Iskra M, Koop L, Michirev A, Sparascio S, Raab M. Advancing judgment and decision-making research in sport psychology by using the body as an informant in embodied choices. ASIAN JOURNAL OF SPORT AND EXERCISE PSYCHOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajsep.2022.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2023]
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Song M, Zhao Q, Du C, Zhou C, Li R. The relationship between the accuracy of curling athletes' duration judgment and delivery performance. PeerJ 2022; 10:e13541. [PMID: 35722254 PMCID: PMC9205314 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.13541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Time perception is a critical point for curling athletes to have in order to successfully complete interactions between themselves and their environment. Exploring the relationship between the accuracy of duration judgment and curling athletes' performance is helpful to reveal the influencing factors on their performance and to provide a reference for the training of athletes' delivery performance. Methods Thirty curling athletes and 30 non-athletes were recruited as participants. Using 3D modeling technology, curling videos of different situations were presented to the participants as stimulus information, and the participants were required to complete the duration judgment task. The neural activation of the participants during the entire process of duration judgment was recorded using electroencephalogram (EEG) equipment. The performance of the 30 curlers participating in the experiment was measured. Variance analyses were conducted on the collected behavioral and EEG data, and correlation and regression analyseswere conducted between behavioral data and delivery performance. Results The accuracy of the distance judgment of curlers was higher than that of non-curlers (P < 0.05). In the stimulus video presentation stage, the power in the alpha band of curlers was higher than that of non-athletes (P < 0.05). In the task decision stage, the power in the alpha band of curlers was higher than that of non-athletes (P < 0.05), and the power in the theta band was higher than that of non-athletes (P < 0.05). There was a correlation between the accuracy of the curlers' perception of specific situational time intervals and the accuracy of delivery (P < 0.05). Regression analysis results were y = 3.422 + 1.415x. Conclusion The accuracy of curling athletes' duration judgment is high in a specific situation. There is a correlation between the accuracy of duration judgment and delivery performance in a specific situation: the higher the accuracy of specific duration perception, the higher the performance accuracy of delivery. The cognitive strategies adopted by curlers differ from those adopted by non-athletes in the completion of duration judgment. Specifically, in a specific situation, fewer attention resources are utilized in the stimulus presentation and decision-making stages, while more memory resources are utilized in the decision-making stage to ensure higher accuracy of interval judgment. This study provides a new idea for exploring the causes of curling athletes' excellent technical performance and provides a reference for future curling research on competition training practice. Given the limitations of mobile EEG devices in this study, future studies can measure neural activity during actual delivery preparation and execution in an environment of high ecological validity to obtain more direct evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minjia Song
- Graduate School, Harbin Sport University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Qiwei Zhao
- School of Psychology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Chunhua Du
- Graduate School, Harbin Sport University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Chenglin Zhou
- School of Psychology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Ruitao Li
- Graduate School, Harbin Sport University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
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Wang Y, Ji Q, Fu R, Zhang G, Lu Y, Zhou C. Hand-related action words impair action anticipation in expert table tennis players: Behavioral and neural evidence. Psychophysiology 2021; 59:e13942. [PMID: 34535903 DOI: 10.1111/psyp.13942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Athletes extract kinematic information to anticipate action outcomes. Here, we examined the influence of linguistic information (experiment 1, 2) and its underlying neural correlates (experiment 2) on anticipatory judgment. Table tennis experts and novices remembered a hand- or leg-related verb or a spatial location while predicting the trajectory of a ball in a video occluded at the moment of the serve. Experiment 1 showed that predictions by experts were more accurate than novices, but experts' accuracy significantly decreased when hand-related words versus spatial locations were memorized. For nonoccluded videos with ball trajectories congruent or incongruent with server actions in experiment 2, remembering hand-related verbs shared cognitive resources with action anticipation only in experts, with heightened processing load (increased P3 amplitude) and more efficient conflict monitoring (decreased N2 amplitude) versus leg-related verbs. Thus, action anticipation required updating of motor representations facilitated by motor expertize but was also affected by effector-specific semantic representations of actions, suggesting a link from language to motor systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Wang
- School of Psychology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Qingchun Ji
- Physical Education Department, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai, China
| | - Rao Fu
- Faculty of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, School of Biomedical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China
| | - Guanghui Zhang
- Faculty of Information Technology, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Yingzhi Lu
- School of Psychology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Chenglin Zhou
- School of Psychology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
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Topical Review: Perceptual-cognitive Skills, Methods, and Skill-based Comparisons in Interceptive Sports. Optom Vis Sci 2021; 98:681-695. [PMID: 34328450 DOI: 10.1097/opx.0000000000001727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE We give a comprehensive picture of perceptual-cognitive (PC) skills that could contribute to performance in interceptive sports. Both visual skills that are low level and unlikely influenced by experience and higher-level cognitive-attentional skills are considered, informing practitioners for identification and training and alerting researchers to gaps in the literature.Perceptual-cognitive skills and abilities are keys to success in interceptive sports. The interest in identifying which skills and abilities underpin success and hence should be selected and developed is likely going to grow as technologies for skill testing and training continue to advance. Many different methods and measures have been applied to the study of PC skills in the research laboratory and in the field, and research findings across studies have often been inconsistent. In this article, we provide definitional clarity regarding whether a skill is primarily visual attentional (ranging from fundamental/low-level skills to high-level skills) or cognitive. We review those skills that have been studied using sport-specific stimuli or tests, such as postural cue anticipation in baseball, as well as those that are mostly devoid of sport context, considered general skills, such as dynamic visual acuity. In addition to detailing the PC skills and associated methods, we provide an accompanying table of published research since 1995, highlighting studies (for various skills and sports) that have and have not differentiated across skill groups.
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Yazmir B, Reiner M. Neural Signatures of Interface Errors in Remote Agent Manipulation. Neuroscience 2021; 486:62-76. [PMID: 33639224 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2021.02.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Revised: 01/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The manipulation of remote agents such as robotic arms in remote surgery or in BCI-wheelchair control are prone to errors. Some of these are related to user intent misclassification or other interface system errors, which lead to an incorrect movement. Here we focused on errors originating from unpredicted interface movements violating user intent and producing sensory conflicts. In addition, we examined effects of incongruent/congruent sensory stimuli induced by interface errors, focusing on haptic and visual cues in the system. The overarching goal was to identify the prototypical patterns of electroencephalogram (EEG) error signals associated with two types of interface errors rising when the visual and proprioceptive feedback are congruent or incongruent. For purposes of comparison validity, both types of errors were recorded in the same 3D virtual game environment. The comparison of congruent and incongruent interface errors revealed significant and marginally significant differences in EEG potentials with respect to profile, latencies, scalp distribution and sources. Different EEG time-frequency combinations had high power content. Incongruence between visual and proprioceptive feedback in interface errors not only elicited distinct EEG signal characteristics, but also produced a marginally significant Stroop effect. Incongruency in visuo-haptic feedback modalities cause a delayed user response. This effect is of major importance for the design of controlling interfaces and can provide designers with crucial information when aiming to control human response time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boris Yazmir
- Virtual Reality and Neuro-Cognition Laboratory, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel.
| | - Miriam Reiner
- Virtual Reality and Neuro-Cognition Laboratory, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel
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Assessing decision making using 2D animations in elite academy footballers. PROGRESS IN BRAIN RESEARCH 2020. [PMID: 32771131 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pbr.2020.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
Abstract
Having investigated the effects of videos in the preceding chapter, this chapter assesses 2D animation, a form of presentation used in many coaching situations. The aim of this experiment was to investigate decision-making skills in different age groups (Under 16, 18 and 23) of elite academy footballers using a 2D animation simulation task of real game football scenarios. The work also explored the relationship between individual performance on the task and the actual performance on the pitch, as rated by three independent expert football coaches. This allowed us to examine whether this task is useful in predicting real-world decision-making skills. The results suggested that there was a significant difference between age groups on accuracy, by gaining more experience footballers perform better on the task. Also, the results showed a significant difference between all age groups on the response time. The under 23 age group were fastest, then the under 18 age group and finally the under 16 footballers were the slowest on the task. The correlation between performance on the task and the assessments provided by the coaches showed that 2D animation task is a sensitive measure in assessment of decision-making skills of elite academy players.
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Hülsdünker T, Ostermann M, Mierau A. Motion-Onset Visual Potentials Evoked in a Sport-Specific Visuomotor Reaction Task. JOURNAL OF SPORT & EXERCISE PSYCHOLOGY 2020; 42:280-291. [PMID: 32663802 DOI: 10.1123/jsep.2019-0255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Revised: 03/08/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Although neural visual processes play a crucial role in sport, experiments have been restricted to laboratory conditions lacking ecological validity. Therefore, this study examined the feasibility of measuring visual evoked potentials in a sport-specific visuomotor task. A total of 18 international elite young table tennis athletes (mean age 12.5 years) performed a computer-based and a sport-specific visuomotor reaction task in response to radial motion-onset stimuli on a computer screen and table tennis balls played by a ball machine, respectively. A 64-channel electroencephalography system identified the N2 and N2-r motion-onset visual evoked potentials in the motion-sensitive midtemporal visual area. Visual evoked potential amplitudes were highly correlated between conditions (N2 r = .72, N2-r r = .74) although significantly lower in the sport-specific task than in the lab-based task (N2 p < .001, N2-r p < .001). The results suggest that sport-specific visual stimulation is feasible to evoke visual potentials. This emphasizes the investigation of visual processes under more ecologically valid conditions in sport and exercise science.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Martin Ostermann
- Fédération Luxemburgeoise de Tennis du Table
- China Table Tennis College Europe
| | - Andreas Mierau
- LUNEX International University of Health, Exercise and Sports
- German Sport University Cologne
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15
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Faro HKC, Machado DGDS, Bortolotti H, do Nascimento PHD, Moioli RC, Elsangedy HM, Fontes EB. Influence of Judo Experience on Neuroelectric Activity During a Selective Attention Task. Front Psychol 2020; 10:2838. [PMID: 31993002 PMCID: PMC6964796 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.02838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We compared the cognitive performance and neuroelectric responses during a selective attentional task in judo athletes with different levels of expertise. METHODS Judo black and white belt athletes performed both general and specific fitness tests while simultaneously completing a Stroop color-word test recorded by 64 electroencephalogram channels. RESULTS Cognitive behavioral performance and event-related spectral perturbation (ERSP) present no differences between groups. However, the topographic analysis found different neural source patterns in each group. Judo black belts compared to judo white belts presented a greater peak amplitude of P300 in the middle frontal gyrus and of N200 in the cuneus, but slower latency of P300 in the precuneus. CONCLUSION Despite no difference in cognitive behavioral performance, judo expertise causes a difference in the allocation of attentional and conflict detection neural resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heloiana Karoliny Campos Faro
- Department of Physical Education, NEUROex – Research Group in Physical Activity, Cognition and Behavior, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | | | - Henrique Bortolotti
- Department of Physical Education, NEUROex – Research Group in Physical Activity, Cognition and Behavior, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - Paulo Henrique Duarte do Nascimento
- Department of Physical Education, NEUROex – Research Group in Physical Activity, Cognition and Behavior, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - Renan Cipriano Moioli
- Graduate Program in Neuroengineering, Edmond and Lily Safra International Institute of Neuroscience, Santos Dumont Institute, Macaíba, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Bioinformatics, Digital Metropolis Institute, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - Hassan Mohamed Elsangedy
- Department of Physical Education, NEUROex – Research Group in Physical Activity, Cognition and Behavior, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Bodnariuc Fontes
- Department of Physical Education, NEUROex – Research Group in Physical Activity, Cognition and Behavior, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
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16
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Yu Q, Chau BKH, Lam BYH, Wong AWK, Peng J, Chan CCH. Neural Processes of Proactive and Reactive Controls Modulated by Motor-Skill Experiences. Front Hum Neurosci 2019; 13:404. [PMID: 31798435 PMCID: PMC6868094 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2019.00404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the experience of open and closed motor skills on modulating proactive and reactive control processes in task switching. Fifty-four participants who were open-skilled (n = 18) or closed-skilled athletes (n = 18) or non-athletic adults (n = 18) completed a cued task-switching paradigm task. This task tapped into proactive or reactive controls of executive functions under different validity conditions. Electroencephalograms of the participants were captured during the task. In the 100% validity condition, the open-skilled participants showed significantly lower switch cost of response time than the closed-skilled and control participants. Results showed that the open-skilled participants had less positive-going parietal cue-locked P3 in the switch than repeat trials. Participants in the control group showed more positive-going cue-locked P3 in the switch than repeat trials, whereas the closed-skilled participants had no significant differences between the two types of trials. In the 50% validity condition, the open- and closed-skilled participants had less switch cost of response time than the control participants. Participants in the open- and closed-skilled groups showed less positive-going parietal stimulus-locked P3 in the switch than repeat trials, which was not the case for those in the control group. Our findings confirm the dissociation between proactive and reactive controls in relation to their modulations by the different motor-skill experiences. Both proactive and reactive controls of executive functions could be strengthened by exposing individuals to anticipatory or non-anticipatory enriched environments, suggesting proactive and reactive controls involved in motor-skill development seem to be transferable to domain-general executive functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuhua Yu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Bolton K H Chau
- Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Bess Y H Lam
- Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Alex W K Wong
- Program in Occupational Therapy, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States.,Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Jiaxin Peng
- Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China.,Department of Education, Shaoguan University, Shaoguan, China
| | - Chetwyn C H Chan
- Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China.,University Research Facility in Behavioral and Systems Neuroscience, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
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17
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Simonet M, Meziane HB, Runswick OR, North JS, Williams AM, Barral J, Roca A. The modulation of event-related alpha rhythm during the time course of anticipation. Sci Rep 2019; 9:18226. [PMID: 31796879 PMCID: PMC6890640 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-54763-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Anticipation is the ability to accurately predict future actions or events ahead of the act itself. When attempting to anticipate, researchers have identified that at least two broad sources of information are used: contextual information relating to the situation in question; and biological motion from postural cues. However, the neural correlates associated with the processing of these different sources of information across groups varying in expertise has yet to be examined empirically. We compared anticipation performance and electrophysiological activity in groups of expert (n = 12) and novice (n = 15) performers using a video-based task. Participants made anticipation judgements after being presented information under three conditions: contextual information only; kinematic information only; and both sources of information combined. The experts responded more accurately across all three conditions. Stronger alpha event-related desynchronization over occipital and frontocentral sites occurred in experts compared to the novices when anticipating. The experts relied on stronger preparatory attentional mechanisms when they processed contextual information. When kinematic information was available, the domain specific motor representations built up over many years of practice likely underpinned expertise. Our findings have implications for those interested in identifying and subsequently, enhancing the neural mechanisms involved in anticipation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Simonet
- Institute of Sport Sciences, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Hadj Boumediene Meziane
- Institute of Psychology, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - Jamie Stephen North
- Expert Performance and Skill Acquisition Research Group, Faculty of Sport, Health, and Applied Science, St Mary's University, Twickenham, London, UK
| | - Andrew Mark Williams
- Department of Health, Kinesiology, and Recreation, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Jérôme Barral
- Institute of Sport Sciences, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - André Roca
- Expert Performance and Skill Acquisition Research Group, Faculty of Sport, Health, and Applied Science, St Mary's University, Twickenham, London, UK
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18
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Özkan DG, Pezzetta R, Moreau Q, Abreu AM, Aglioti SM. Predicting the fate of basketball throws: an EEG study on expert action prediction in wheelchair basketball players. Exp Brain Res 2019; 237:3363-3373. [DOI: 10.1007/s00221-019-05677-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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19
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Tan SJ, Kerr G, Sullivan JP, Peake JM. A Brief Review of the Application of Neuroergonomics in Skilled Cognition During Expert Sports Performance. Front Hum Neurosci 2019; 13:278. [PMID: 31474845 PMCID: PMC6706674 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2019.00278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The elite sports environment provides a unique setting for studying human performance, where both cognitive and physical demands are high. Successful performance in sport is contingent upon key cognitive skills such as attention, perception, working memory and decision-making. The demands of competitive sport also increase loading on the central nervous system (CNS). Neuroimaging methods such as functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), functional near infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) and electroencephalography (EEG) offer the potential to investigate the cognitive demands of sport, neuroplasticity of athletes, and biofeedback training. However, practical and technical limitations of these methods have generally limited their use to laboratory-based studies of athletes during simulated sporting tasks. This review article, provides a brief overview of research that has applied neuroimaging technology to study various aspects of cognitive function during sports performance in athletes, alternative methods for measuring CNS loading [e.g., direct current (DC) potential], possible solutions and avenues of focus for future neuroergonomics research in sport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sok Joo Tan
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Sport Performance Innovation and Knowledge Excellence, Queensland Academy of Sport, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Graham Kerr
- School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - John P. Sullivan
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Jonathan M. Peake
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Sport Performance Innovation and Knowledge Excellence, Queensland Academy of Sport, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
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20
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Dong M, Lyu J, Hart T, Zhu Q. Should agility training for novice badminton players be physically or perceptually challenging? J Sports Med Phys Fitness 2019; 59:2015-2021. [PMID: 31311239 DOI: 10.23736/s0022-4707.19.09666-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite its well-known importance in sports, agility is ambiguously defined and lack of research. Shuttle Run (SR) challenges physical quickness and is commonly used to improve the on-court agility of badminton players. In contrast, Reactive Initiation Training (RIT) challenges perceptual quickness, merely demanding rapid initiation of step toward the direction of shuttlecock. METHODS The current study explores to compare SR with RIT to determine the relative effectiveness of these training on improving the on-court agility of badminton. 20 novice badminton players were split in half to receive either RIT or SR on court for five days. Before and after training, the on-court agility test with and without anticipation was administered. RESULTS The results showed that both training methods shortened the mean running time, however, only RIT additionally reduced the initiation time and its proportion on those time-consuming positions when agility was assessed without anticipation. CONCLUSIONS Therefore, the agility training for novice badminton players should be more perceptually than physically challenging to avoid vain effort and unnecessary injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minkai Dong
- Department of Physical Education, Shanghai University of Finance and Economics, Shanghai, China
| | - Jidong Lyu
- Department of Physical Education, Shanghai University of Finance and Economics, Shanghai, China
| | - Thomas Hart
- Department of Kinesiology and Health, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY, USA
| | - Qin Zhu
- Department of Kinesiology and Health, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY, USA -
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21
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Wang Y, Lu Y, Deng Y, Gu N, Parviainen T, Zhou C. Predicting domain-specific actions in expert table tennis players activates the semantic brain network. Neuroimage 2019; 200:482-489. [PMID: 31284027 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2019.06.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2018] [Revised: 03/30/2019] [Accepted: 06/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Motor expertise acquired during long-term training in sports enables top athletes to predict the outcomes of domain-specific actions better than nonexperts do. However, whether expert players encode actions, in addition to the concrete sensorimotor level, also at a more abstract, conceptual level, remains unclear. The present study manipulated the congruence between body kinematics and the subsequent ball trajectory in videos of an expert player performing table tennis serves. By using functional magnetic resonance imaging, the brain activity was evaluated in expert and nonexpert table tennis players during their predictions on the fate of the ball trajectory in congruent versus incongruent videos. Compared with novices, expert players showed greater activation in the sensorimotor areas (right precentral and postcentral gyri) in the comparison between incongruent vs. congruent videos. They also showed greater activation in areas related to semantic processing: the posterior inferior parietal lobe (angular gyrus), middle temporal gyrus, and ventromedial prefrontal cortex. These findings indicate that action anticipation in expert table tennis players engages both semantic and sensorimotor regions and suggests that skilled action observation in sports utilizes predictions both at motor-kinematic and conceptual levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Wang
- Department of Psychology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Yingzhi Lu
- Department of Psychology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Yuqin Deng
- School of Sports Science, Nantong University, Nantong, 226019, China
| | - Nan Gu
- China Table Tennis College, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Tiina Parviainen
- Department of Psychology, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, 40014, Finland
| | - Chenglin Zhou
- Department of Psychology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, 200438, China.
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22
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Orlandi A, Proverbio AM. Bilateral engagement of the occipito-temporal cortex in response to dance kinematics in experts. Sci Rep 2019; 9:1000. [PMID: 30700799 PMCID: PMC6353946 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-37876-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2018] [Accepted: 12/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous evidence has shown neuroplastic changes in brain anatomy and connectivity associated with the acquisition of professional visuomotor skills. Reduced hemispherical asymmetry was found in the sensorimotor and visual areas in expert musicians and athletes compared with non-experts. Moreover, increased expertise with faces, body, and objects resulted in an enhanced engagement of the occipito-temporal cortex (OTC) during stimulus observation. The present study aimed at investigating whether intense and extended practice with dance would result in an enhanced symmetric response of OTC at an early stage of action processing. Expert ballet dancers and non-dancer controls were presented with videos depicting ballet steps during EEG recording. The observation of the moving dancer elicited a posterior N2 component, being larger over the left hemisphere in dancers than controls. The source reconstruction (swLORETA) of the negativity showed the engagement of the bilateral inferior and middle temporal regions in experts, while right-lateralized activity was found in controls. The dancers also showed an early P2 and enhanced P300 responses, indicating faster stimulus processing and subsequent recognition. This evidence seemed to suggest expertise-related increased sensitivity of the OTC in encoding body kinematics. Thus, we speculated that long-term whole-body practice would result in enriched and refined action processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Orlandi
- Neuro-MI, Milan Center for Neuroscience, Department of Psychology, University of Milano - Bicocca, Milan, Italy.
| | - Alice Mado Proverbio
- Neuro-MI, Milan Center for Neuroscience, Department of Psychology, University of Milano - Bicocca, Milan, Italy
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23
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Shangguan R, Che Y. The Difference in Perceptual Anticipation Between Professional Tennis Athletes and Second-Grade Athletes Before Batting. Front Psychol 2018; 9:1541. [PMID: 30186211 PMCID: PMC6113791 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2018.01541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2018] [Accepted: 08/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
To investigate the differences in cognitive processing of perceptual anticipation of tennis players at different levels before batting by the event-related potential (ERP) technique, we used the skilled-expert paradigm. We compared the cognitive and neural mechanisms of professional tennis athletes and second-grade athletes relating to their perceptual anticipation of the batting line at different time points [the time point of the ball landing (T0), and the 80 ms before batting time point (T1)]. The results showed that, regardless of the T0 or T1 time point, professional tennis athletes had shorter anticipation times and higher correct batting line rates than second-grade athletes. The ERP results demonstrated that compared with second-grade athletes, professional tennis athletes induced smaller N1 amplitudes and larger P2 amplitudes in early perceptual anticipation, and induced smaller N2 and larger P3 amplitudes in late perceptual anticipation. These studies suggest that, regardless of whether they are in an early or late stage, tennis professional athletes are faster and more accurate in respect of their perceptual anticipation of tennis lines than second-grade athletes are. This is possible since the relevant neural network of the former is more easily activated and faster. The prefrontal cortex may be a critical area of the brain for perceptual anticipation in tennis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Shangguan
- School of Physical Education, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Yuanyuan Che
- School of Physical Education, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
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24
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Athletes versus video game players: A predictive contextual processing study. Neurosci Lett 2018; 684:156-163. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2018.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Revised: 07/18/2018] [Accepted: 08/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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25
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Yazmir B, Reiner M. Neural Correlates of User-initiated Motor Success and Failure – A Brain–Computer Interface Perspective. Neuroscience 2018; 378:100-112. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2016.10.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2015] [Revised: 09/02/2016] [Accepted: 10/25/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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26
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Christensen JF, Gomila A. Introduction: Art and the brain: From pleasure to well-being. PROGRESS IN BRAIN RESEARCH 2018; 237:xxvii-xlvi. [PMID: 29779754 DOI: 10.1016/s0079-6123(18)30032-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Empirical aesthetics in general, and neuroaesthetics in particular, have been very much influenced by Berlyne's psychobiological program. For him, aesthetic appreciation involved the brain's reward and aversion systems. From this point of view, art constitutes a set of potentially rewarding stimuli. Research has certainly made great advances in understanding how the process of artistic valuation takes places, and which brain circuits are involved in generating the pleasure we obtain from artistic practices, performances, and works. But it also suggests that pleasure is not the only effect of the arts. The evidence rather suggests that the arts have other cognitive and emotional effects which are closely related to human psychobiological health and well-being. These are: (1) attentional focus and flow, (2) affective experience, (3) emotion through imagery, (4) interpersonal communication, (5) self-intimation, and (6) social bonding. These effects are beneficial and contribute to the individual's biopsychological health and well-being. The fact that artistic practice has these effects helps explain why the arts are so important to human life, and why they developed in the first place, i.e., as ways to foster these effects. Therefore, a biopsychological science of the arts is emerging, according to which the arts can be conceptualized as an important system of external self-regulation, as a set of activities that contribute to our homeostasis and well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia F Christensen
- BIAS Team (Prof. Manos Tsakiris), The Warburg Institute, School of Advanced Study, University of London, London, United Kingdom.
| | - Antoni Gomila
- Ed. Beatriu de Pinós, University of the Balearic Islands, Palma, Spain
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27
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Duncan S, Oppici L, Borg C, Farrow D, Polman R, Serpiello FR. Expertise-related differences in the performance of simple and complex tasks: an event-related potential evaluation of futsal players. SCI MED FOOTBALL 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/24733938.2017.1398408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shelley Duncan
- Research and Innovation, Southampton Solent University, Southampton, UK
| | - Luca Oppici
- Institute of Sport, Exercise and Active Living, Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Cecylia Borg
- Institute of Sport, Exercise and Active Living, Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Damian Farrow
- Institute of Sport, Exercise and Active Living, Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia
- Australian Institute of Sport, Canberra, Australia
| | - Remco Polman
- School of Exercise & Nutrition Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Fabio R. Serpiello
- Institute of Sport, Exercise and Active Living, Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia
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28
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Yu Q, Chan CC, Chau B, Fu AS. Motor skill experience modulates executive control for task switching. Acta Psychol (Amst) 2017; 180:88-97. [PMID: 28923518 DOI: 10.1016/j.actpsy.2017.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2016] [Revised: 06/03/2017] [Accepted: 08/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effect of types of motor skills, including open and closed skills on enhancing proactive and reactive controls for task switching. Thirty-six athletes in open (n=18) or closed (n=18) sports and a control group (n=18) completed the task-switching paradigm and the simple reaction task. The task-switching paradigm drew on the proactive and reactive control of executive functions, whereas the simple reaction task assessed the processing speed. Significant Validity×Group effect revealed that the participants with open skills had a lower switch cost of response time compared to the other two groups when the task cue was 100% valid; whereas the participants regardless of motor skills had a lower switch cost of response time compared to the control group when the task cue was 50% valid. Hierarchical stepwise regression analysis further confirmed these findings. For the simple reaction task, there were no differences found among the three groups. These findings suggest that experience in open skills has benefits of promoting both proactive and reactive controls for task switching, which corresponds to the activity context exposed by the participants. In contrast, experience in closed skills appears to only benefit development of reactive control for task switching. The neural mechanisms for the proactive and reactive controls of executive functions between experts with open and closed skills call for future study.
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29
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Karlinsky A, Zentgraf K, Hodges NJ. Action-skilled observation: Issues for the study of sport expertise and the brain. PROGRESS IN BRAIN RESEARCH 2017; 234:263-289. [PMID: 29031467 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pbr.2017.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
With a growing body of research devoted to uncovering regions of the brain implicated in action observation following various action-related experiences, including sport, we ask what we know from this research, and what we still need to know, as it pertains to sport and the brain. To do this, we review and integrate knowledge garnered from developmental work, short-term motor learning studies, and most significantly sport athletes across varying skill levels. We consider various neurophysiological methods, including TMS, fMRI, and EEG, which have been used to help uncover brain regions involved in action-skilled observation. We are particularly interested in how these processes are related to action prediction and the detection of deceptive actions among athlete groups. This research is considered within broad theoretical frameworks related to action-simulation and prediction, although our main focus is on the brain regions that have been implicated in skilled action observation and the implications of this research for knowledge and further study of sport expertise.
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30
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Jin H, Wang P, Fang Z, Di X, Ye Z, Xu G, Lin H, Cheng Y, Li Y, Xu Y, Rao H. Effects of Badminton Expertise on Representational Momentum: A Combination of Cross-Sectional and Longitudinal Studies. Front Psychol 2017; 8:1526. [PMID: 28970810 PMCID: PMC5609537 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2017.01526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2017] [Accepted: 08/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Representational momentum (RM) has been found to be magnified in experts (e.g., sport players) with respect to both real and implied motion in expert-familiar domains. However, it remains unclear whether similar effects can be achieved in expert-unfamiliar domains, especially within the context of implied motion. To answer this question, we conducted two independent experiments using an implied motion paradigm and examined the expert effects of badminton training on RM in both adult and child players. In Experiment 1, we used a cross-sectional design and compared RM between adult professional badminton players and matched controls. The results revealed significantly enhanced RM for adult players, supporting the expert effect in expert-unfamiliar domains for implied motion. However, cross-sectional studies could not ascertain whether the observed expert effect was due to innate factors or expertise acquirement. Therefore, in Experiment 2, we used a longitudinal design and compared RM between two groups of child participants, naming child players who had enrolled professional badminton training program at a sports school and age-matched peer non-players who attended an ordinary primary school without sports training. Before training, there were no differences in RM among child players, their non-player peers, and adult non-players. However, after 4 years of badminton training, child players demonstrated significantly enhanced RM compared to themselves prior to training. The increased RM observed in both adult and child players suggests that badminton expertise modulates implied motion RM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Jin
- Key Research Base of Humanities and Social Sciences of the Ministry of Education, Center of Cooperative Innovation for Assessment and Promotion of National Mental Health, Academy of Psychology and Behavior, Tianjin Normal UniversityTianjin, China
| | - Pin Wang
- Guangdong Vocational College of Environmental Protection EngineeringFoshan, China
| | - Zhuo Fang
- Laboratory of Applied Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Shanghai International Studies UniversityShanghai, China
- Center for Functional Neuroimaging, Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania, PhiladelphiaPA, United States
| | - Xin Di
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, NewarkNJ, United States
| | - Zhuo’er Ye
- School of Psychology, South China Normal UniversityGuangzhou, China
| | - Guiping Xu
- School of Education, Guangdong University of EducationGuangzhou, China
- College of Chinese Language and Culture, Jinan UniversityGuangzhou, China
| | - Huiyan Lin
- Institute of Applied Psychology, Guangdong University of FinanceGuangzhou, China
| | | | - Yongjie Li
- Key Research Base of Humanities and Social Sciences of the Ministry of Education, Center of Cooperative Innovation for Assessment and Promotion of National Mental Health, Academy of Psychology and Behavior, Tianjin Normal UniversityTianjin, China
| | - Yong Xu
- Laboratory of Applied Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Shanghai International Studies UniversityShanghai, China
| | - Hengyi Rao
- Laboratory of Applied Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Shanghai International Studies UniversityShanghai, China
- Center for Functional Neuroimaging, Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania, PhiladelphiaPA, United States
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Wang CH, Yang CT, Moreau D, Muggleton NG. Motor expertise modulates neural oscillations and temporal dynamics of cognitive control. Neuroimage 2017; 158:260-270. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2017.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2017] [Revised: 06/08/2017] [Accepted: 07/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
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Liu T, Shao M, Yin D, Li Y, Yang N, Yin R, Leng Y, Jin H, Hong H. The effect of badminton training on the ability of same-domain action anticipation for adult novices: Evidence from behavior and ERPs. Neurosci Lett 2017; 660:6-11. [PMID: 28830821 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2017.08.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2017] [Revised: 08/10/2017] [Accepted: 08/14/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Many transverse studies have found that athletes can better anticipate the outcome of sequential actions belonging to their domain of motor expertise than non-athletes. However, few studies have causally investigated this issue. Using badminton training as an example, the present study attempted to explore whether sports training affected the same-domain action anticipation ability of adult novices and the related neural mechanisms. To address this issue, participants in the training group attended a 12-week badminton training course (1h/time, 3 times/week). Both the training and control groups were asked to view badminton video clips and predict the landing position of a shuttle before and after 12 weeks. Compared to the control group, the training group showed a decrease in the inverse efficiency score, indicating that badminton training did improve trainees' action anticipation ability. Furthermore, the training group produced larger N2 and P3 components of event-related potential after the training. These findings suggest that sport training may affect inhibitory processes and memory encoding during same-domain action anticipation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Liu
- Key Research Base of Humanities and Social Sciences of the Ministry of Education, Academy of Psychology and Behavior, Tianjin Normal University, 300074 Tianjin, China
| | - Mengling Shao
- Key Research Base of Humanities and Social Sciences of the Ministry of Education, Academy of Psychology and Behavior, Tianjin Normal University, 300074 Tianjin, China
| | - Desheng Yin
- Key Research Base of Humanities and Social Sciences of the Ministry of Education, Academy of Psychology and Behavior, Tianjin Normal University, 300074 Tianjin, China
| | - Yongjie Li
- Key Research Base of Humanities and Social Sciences of the Ministry of Education, Academy of Psychology and Behavior, Tianjin Normal University, 300074 Tianjin, China
| | - Nan Yang
- Key Research Base of Humanities and Social Sciences of the Ministry of Education, Academy of Psychology and Behavior, Tianjin Normal University, 300074 Tianjin, China
| | - Ruru Yin
- Key Research Base of Humanities and Social Sciences of the Ministry of Education, Academy of Psychology and Behavior, Tianjin Normal University, 300074 Tianjin, China
| | - Ying Leng
- School of Education Science, NanTong University, 226000, Nan Tong, China
| | - Hua Jin
- Key Research Base of Humanities and Social Sciences of the Ministry of Education, Academy of Psychology and Behavior, Tianjin Normal University, 300074 Tianjin, China.
| | - Haixiao Hong
- Key Research Base of Humanities and Social Sciences of the Ministry of Education, Academy of Psychology and Behavior, Tianjin Normal University, 300074 Tianjin, China
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Christensen JF, Cela-Conde CJ, Gomila A. Not all about sex: neural and biobehavioral functions of human dance. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2017; 1400:8-32. [PMID: 28787539 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.13420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2017] [Revised: 04/23/2017] [Accepted: 05/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
This paper provides an integrative review of neuroscientific and biobehavioral evidence about the effects of dance on the individual across cultural differences. Dance moves us, and many derive aesthetic pleasure from it. However, in addition-and beyond aesthetics-we propose that dance has noteworthy, deeper neurobiological effects. We first summarize evidence that illustrates the centrality of dance to human life indirectly from archaeology, comparative psychology, developmental psychology, and cross-cultural psychology. Second, we review empirical evidence for six neural and biobehavioral functions of dance: (1) attentional focus/flow, (2) basic emotional experiences, (3) imagery, (4) communication, (5) self-intimation, and (6) social cohesion. We discuss the reviewed evidence in relation to current debates in the field of empirical enquiry into the functions of human dance, questioning the positions that dance is (1) just for pleasure, (2) all about sex, (3) just for mood management and well-being, and (4) for experts only. Being a young field, evidence is still piecemeal and inconclusive. This review aims to take a step toward a systematization of an emerging avenue of research: a neuro- and biobehavioral science of dance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia F Christensen
- Cognitive Neuroscience Research Unit, Department of Psychology, School of Arts and Social Sciences, City, University of London, London, United Kingdom.,Autism Research Group, Department of Psychology, City, University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Camilo José Cela-Conde
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California
| | - Antoni Gomila
- Department of Psychology, University of the Balearic Islands, Palma, Spain
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Wang CH, Tu KC. Neural Correlates of Expert Behavior During a Domain-Specific Attentional Cueing Task in Badminton Players. JOURNAL OF SPORT & EXERCISE PSYCHOLOGY 2017; 39:209-221. [PMID: 28891736 DOI: 10.1123/jsep.2016-0335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the neural correlates associated with sports expertise during a domain-specific task in badminton players. We compared event-related potentials activity from collegiate male badminton players and a set of matched athletic controls when they performed a badminton-specific attentional cueing task in which the uncertainty and validity were manipulated. The data showed that, regardless of cue type, the badminton players had faster responses along with greater P3 amplitudes than the athletic controls on the task. Specifically, the contingent negative variation amplitude was smaller for the players than for the controls in the condition involving higher uncertainty. Such an effect, however, was absent in the condition with lower uncertainty. We conclude that expertise in sports is associated with proficient modulation of brain activity during cognitive and motor preparation, as well as response execution, when performing a task related to an individual's specific sport domain.
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Xu H, Wang P, Ye Z, Di X, Xu G, Mo L, Lin H, Rao H, Jin H. The Role of Medial Frontal Cortex in Action Anticipation in Professional Badminton Players. Front Psychol 2016; 7:1817. [PMID: 27909422 PMCID: PMC5112264 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2016.01817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2016] [Accepted: 11/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Some studies show that the medial frontal cortex is associated with more skilled action anticipation, while similar findings are not observed in some other studies, possibly due to the stimuli employed and the participants used as the control group. In addition, no studies have investigated whether there is any functional connectivity between the medial frontal cortex and other brain regions in more skilled action anticipation. Therefore, the present study aimed to re-investigate how the medial frontal cortex is involved in more skilled action anticipation by circumventing the limitations of previous research and to investigate that the medial frontal cortex functionally connected with other brain regions involved in action processing in more skilled action anticipation. To this end, professional badminton players and novices were asked to anticipate the landing position of the shuttlecock while watching badminton match videos or to judge the gender of the players in the matches. The video clips ended right at the point that the shuttlecock and the racket came into contact to reduce the effect of information about the trajectory of the shuttlecock. Novices who lacked training and watching experience were recruited for the control group to reduce the effect of sport-related experience on the medial frontal cortex. Blood oxygenation level-dependent activation was assessed by means of functional magnetic resonance imaging. Compared to novices, badminton players exhibited stronger activation in the left medial frontal cortex during action anticipation and greater functional connectivity between left medial frontal cortex and some other brain regions (e.g., right posterior cingulate cortex). Therefore, the present study supports the position that the medial frontal cortex plays a role in more skilled action anticipation and that there is a specific brain network for more skilled action anticipation that involves right posterior cingulate cortex, right fusiform gyrus, right inferior parietal lobule, left insula and particularly, and left medial frontal cortex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Xu
- Key Research Base of Humanities and Social Sciences of the Ministry of Education, Center of Cooperative Innovation for Assessment and Promotion of National Mental Health, Academy of Psychology and Behavior, Tianjin Normal University Tianjin, China
| | - Pin Wang
- Guangdong Vocational College of Environmental Protection Engineering Guangzhou, China
| | | | - Xin Di
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology Newark, USA
| | - Guiping Xu
- School of Education, Guangdong University of Education Guangzhou, China
| | - Lei Mo
- Center for Studies of Psychological Application, School of Psychology, South China Normal University Guangzhou, China
| | - Huiyan Lin
- Institute of Applied Psychology, Guangdong University of Finance Guangzhou, China
| | - Hengyi Rao
- Center for Functional Neuroimaging, Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia PA, USA
| | - Hua Jin
- Key Research Base of Humanities and Social Sciences of the Ministry of Education, Center of Cooperative Innovation for Assessment and Promotion of National Mental Health, Academy of Psychology and Behavior, Tianjin Normal University Tianjin, China
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36
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Shih YL, Lin CY. The relationship between action anticipation and emotion recognition in athletes of open skill sports. Cogn Process 2016; 17:259-68. [DOI: 10.1007/s10339-016-0764-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2015] [Accepted: 04/06/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Sanchez-Lopez J, Silva-Pereyra J, Fernandez T. Sustained attention in skilled and novice martial arts athletes: a study of event-related potentials and current sources. PeerJ 2016; 4:e1614. [PMID: 26855865 PMCID: PMC4741076 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.1614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2015] [Accepted: 12/31/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background. Research on sports has revealed that behavioral responses and event-related brain potentials (ERP) are better in expert than in novice athletes for sport-related tasks. Focused attention is essential for optimal athletic performance across different sports but mainly in combat disciplines. During combat, long periods of focused attention (i.e., sustained attention) are required for a good performance. Few investigations have reported effects of expertise on brain electrical activity and its neural generators during sport-unrelated attention tasks. The aim of the present study was to assess the effect of expertise (i.e., skilled and novice martial arts athletes) analyzing the ERP during a sustained attention task (Continuous Performance Task; CPT) and the cortical three-dimensional distribution of current density, using the sLORETA technique. Methods. CPT consisted in an oddball-type paradigm presentation of five stimuli (different pointing arrows) where only one of them (an arrow pointing up right) required a motor response (i.e., target). CPT was administered to skilled and novice martial arts athletes while EEG were recorded. Amplitude ERP data from target and non-target stimuli were compared between groups. Subsequently, current source analysis for each ERP component was performed on each subject. sLORETA images were compared by condition and group using Statistical Non-Parametric Mapping analysis. Results. Skilled athletes showed significant amplitude differences between target and non-target conditions in early ERP components (P100 and P200) as opposed to the novice group; however, skilled athletes showed no significant effect of condition in N200 but novices did show a significant effect. Current source analysis showed greater differences in activations in skilled compared with novice athletes between conditions in the frontal (mainly in the Superior Frontal Gyrus and Medial Frontal Gyrus) and limbic (mainly in the Anterior Cingulate Gyrus) lobes. Discussion. These results are supported by previous findings regarding activation of neural structures that underlie sustained attention. Our findings may indicate a better-controlled attention in skilled athletes, which suggests that expertise can improve effectiveness in allocation of attentional resources during the first stages of cognitive processing during combat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Sanchez-Lopez
- Departamento de Neurobiologia Conductual y Cognitiva, Instituto de Neurobiologia, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico , Juriquilla, Queretaro , Mexico
| | - Juan Silva-Pereyra
- Unidad de Investigacion Interdisciplinaria en Ciencias de la Salud y la Educacion, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico , Tlalnepantla, Estado de Mexico , Mexico
| | - Thalia Fernandez
- Departamento de Neurobiologia Conductual y Cognitiva, Instituto de Neurobiologia, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico , Juriquilla, Queretaro , Mexico
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Neurophysiology of action anticipation in athletes: A systematic review. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2015; 60:115-20. [PMID: 26616736 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2015.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2015] [Accepted: 11/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to provide a systematic review of action anticipation studies using functional neuroimaging or brain stimulation during a sport-specific anticipation task. A total of 15 studies from 2008 to 2014 were evaluated and are reported in four sections: expert-novice samples, action anticipation tasks, neuroimaging and stimulation techniques, and key findings. Investigators examined a wide range of action anticipation scenarios specific to eight different sports and utilized functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), electroencephalogram (EEG), and transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS). Expert-novice comparisons were commonly used to investigate differences in action anticipation performance and neurophysiology. Experts tended to outperform novices, and an extensive array of brain structures were reported to be involved differently for experts and novices during action anticipation. However, these neurophysiological findings were generally inconsistent across the studies reviewed. The discussion focuses on strengths and four key limitations. The conclusion posits remaining questions and recommendations for future research.
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Moreau D, Wang CH, Tseng P, Juan CH. Blending transcranial direct current stimulations and physical exercise to maximize cognitive improvement. Front Psychol 2015; 6:678. [PMID: 26052301 PMCID: PMC4441121 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2015.00678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2014] [Accepted: 05/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- David Moreau
- Centre for Brain Research, University of Auckland Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Chun-Hao Wang
- Institute of Physical Education, Health and Leisure Studies, National Cheng Kung University Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Philip Tseng
- Graduate Institute of Humanities in Medicine, Taipei Medical University Taipei, Taiwan ; Brain and Consciousness Research Center, Taipei Medical University-Shuang Ho Hospital New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Hung Juan
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, National Central University Zhongli, Taiwan ; Brain Research Center, National Central University Zhongli, Taiwan
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Diersch N, Mueller K, Cross ES, Stadler W, Rieger M, Schütz-Bosbach S. Action prediction in younger versus older adults: neural correlates of motor familiarity. PLoS One 2013; 8:e64195. [PMID: 23704980 PMCID: PMC3660406 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0064195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2012] [Accepted: 04/12/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Generating predictions during action observation is essential for efficient navigation through our social environment. With age, the sensitivity in action prediction declines. In younger adults, the action observation network (AON), consisting of premotor, parietal and occipitotemporal cortices, has been implicated in transforming executed and observed actions into a common code. Much less is known about age-related changes in the neural representation of observed actions. Using fMRI, the present study measured brain activity in younger and older adults during the prediction of temporarily occluded actions (figure skating elements and simple movement exercises). All participants were highly familiar with the movement exercises whereas only some participants were experienced figure skaters. With respect to the AON, the results confirm that this network was preferentially engaged for the more familiar movement exercises. Compared to younger adults, older adults recruited visual regions to perform the task and, additionally, the hippocampus and caudate when the observed actions were familiar to them. Thus, instead of effectively exploiting the sensorimotor matching properties of the AON, older adults seemed to rely predominantly on the visual dynamics of the observed actions to perform the task. Our data further suggest that the caudate played an important role during the prediction of the less familiar figure skating elements in better-performing groups. Together, these findings show that action prediction engages a distributed network in the brain, which is modulated by the content of the observed actions and the age and experience of the observer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadine Diersch
- Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany.
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The role of visual perception in action anticipation in basketball athletes. Neuroscience 2013; 237:29-41. [PMID: 23384606 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2013.01.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2012] [Revised: 01/18/2013] [Accepted: 01/19/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Athletes exhibit better anticipation abilities than novices. However, it is not known whether this difference is related to different visual perceptions between them and which neural elements are involved in producing this difference. Fifteen elite basketball players and 15 novices participated in an action anticipation task with basketball free throw. Accurate rate for anticipation and gaze behavior were analyzed. Functional brain activity was recorded using functional magnetic resonance imaging. We found that the accurate rate for anticipation was higher in athletes than that in novices. Athletes showed more stable gaze fixation than novices and the locus of fixation was reliable in athletes but not in novices. Athletes showed higher activity in inferior parietal lobule and inferior frontal gyrus than novices during action anticipation. We conclude that the processes for action anticipation in elite athletes and novices are different and this difference is caused by different visual perceptions between them.
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Abreu AM, Macaluso E, Azevedo RT, Cesari P, Urgesi C, Aglioti SM. Action anticipation beyond the action observation network: a functional magnetic resonance imaging study in expert basketball players. Eur J Neurosci 2012; 35:1646-54. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1460-9568.2012.08104.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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