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Stankovic KM, Batts S, Welling DB, Vasilijic S. Immune Profiling of Secreted Factors from Human Vestibular Schwannoma Cells and Tumor-associated Macrophages. Laryngoscope 2024; 134 Suppl 5:S1-S14. [PMID: 37776249 DOI: 10.1002/lary.31067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study compared the immune-related secretory capacity of human vestibular schwannoma (VS) and tumor-assisted macrophages (TAMs) with their normal counterparts (Schwann cells [SC] and peripheral blood monocyte-derived macrophages [Mo-MFs], respectively), and examined relationships with presurgical hearing and tumor size. METHODS VS tumors (n = 16), auditory nerve (n = 1), blood (n = 9), and great auricular nerves (n = 3) were used. SCs (S100B+ ) and TAMs (CD68+ ) were isolated from VS tissue for culture. The secreted levels of 65 immune-related factors were measured and compared using unpaired t-tests with Welch correction (schwannoma vs. SCs) or Mann-Whitney tests (TAMs and Mo-MFs). Associations between factor concentration and word recognition (WR), pure-tone average (PTA), and tumor size were evaluated with Spearman correlation. RESULTS Secreted factors with significantly higher concentrations in schwannoma versus SC supernatants included IL-2 and BAFF, whereas MMP-1, IL-6, FGF-2, VEGF-A, MIP-3α, and GRO-α concentrations were significantly higher in TAMs versus Mo-MFs (all p < 0.05). Worse WR was significantly associated with higher secretion of fractalkine, eotaxin-3, CD30, and IL-16 by VS cells; IP-10, eotaxin-3, multiple interleukins, GM-CSF, SCF, and CD30 by TAMs; and TNF-α and MIP-1α by Mo-MFs (all p < 0.05). Worse PTA was significantly correlated with higher secretion of IL-16 by VS cells (p < 0.05). Larger tumor size was significantly correlated with higher secretion of eotaxin by VS cells, and of IL-7, IL-21, and LIF by TAMs (all p = 0.017). CONCLUSIONS Differential secretion of immune-related factors was observed in schwannoma versus normal SCs and in TAMs versus Mo-MFs, some of which were correlated with worse hearing and larger VS tumors. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE N/A Laryngoscope, 134:S1-S14, 2024.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantina M Stankovic
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California, U.S.A
- Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California, U.S.A
- Wu Tsai Neuroscience Institute, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California, U.S.A
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery at Massachusetts Eye and Ear and, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, U.S.A
| | - Shelley Batts
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California, U.S.A
| | - D Bradley Welling
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery at Massachusetts Eye and Ear and, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, U.S.A
| | - Sasa Vasilijic
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California, U.S.A
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery at Massachusetts Eye and Ear and, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, U.S.A
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Numakawa T, Kajihara R. Neurotrophins and Other Growth Factors in the Pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s Disease. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:life13030647. [PMID: 36983803 PMCID: PMC10051261 DOI: 10.3390/life13030647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The involvement of the changed expression/function of neurotrophic factors in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease (AD), has been suggested. AD is one of the age-related dementias, and is characterized by cognitive impairment with decreased memory function. Developing evidence demonstrates that decreased cell survival, synaptic dysfunction, and reduced neurogenesis are involved in the pathogenesis of AD. On the other hand, it is well known that neurotrophic factors, especially brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and its high-affinity receptor TrkB, have multiple roles in the central nervous system (CNS), including neuronal maintenance, synaptic plasticity, and neurogenesis, which are closely linked to learning and memory function. Thus, many investigations regarding therapeutic approaches to AD, and/or the screening of novel drug candidates for its treatment, focus on upregulation of the BDNF/TrkB system. Furthermore, current studies also demonstrate that GDNF, IGF1, and bFGF, which play roles in neuroprotection, are associated with AD. In this review, we introduce data demonstrating close relationships between the pathogenesis of AD, neurotrophic factors, and drug candidates, including natural compounds that upregulate the BDNF-mediated neurotrophic system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tadahiro Numakawa
- Department of Cell Modulation, Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-0811, Japan
- Correspondence:
| | - Ryutaro Kajihara
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Life Science, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 862-0976, Japan
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Tennakoon A, Katharesan V, Musgrave IF, Koblar SA, Faull RLM, Curtis MA, Johnson IP. Normal aging, motor neurone disease, and Alzheimer's disease are characterized by cortical changes in inflammatory cytokines. J Neurosci Res 2021; 100:653-669. [PMID: 34882833 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.24996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The role of increased brain inflammation in the development of neurodegenerative diseases is unclear. Here, we have compared cytokine changes in normal aging, motor neurone disease (MND), and Alzheimer's disease (AD). After an initial analysis, six candidate cytokines, interleukin (IL)- 4, 5, 6, 10, macrophage inhibitory protein (MIP)-1α, and fibroblast growth factor (FGF)-2, showing greatest changes were assayed in postmortem frozen human superior frontal gyri (n = 12) of AD patients, aging and young adult controls along with the precentral gyrus (n = 12) of MND patients. Healthy aging was associated with decreased anti-inflammatory IL-10 and FGF-2 levels. AD prefrontal cortex was associated with increased levels of IL-4, IL-5, and FGF-2, with the largest increase seen for FGF-2. Notwithstanding differences in the specific frontal lobe gyrus sampled, MND patients' primary motor cortex (precentral gyrus) was associated with increased levels of IL-5, IL-6, IL-10, and FGF-2 compared to the aging prefrontal cortex (superior frontal gyrus). Immunocytochemistry showed that FGF-2 is expressed in neurons, astrocytes, and microglia in normal aging prefrontal cortex, AD prefrontal cortex, and MND motor cortex. We report that healthy aging and age-related neurodegenerative diseases have different cortical inflammatory signatures that are characterized by increased levels of anti-inflammatory cytokines and call into question the view that increased inflammation underlies the development of age-related neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anuradha Tennakoon
- School of Biomedicine, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Viythia Katharesan
- School of Biomedicine, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | | | - Simon Andrea Koblar
- Department of Medical Specialties, Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Richard Lewis Maxwell Faull
- Department of Anatomy and Medical Imaging and the Centre for Brain Research, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Maurice Anthony Curtis
- Department of Anatomy and Medical Imaging and the Centre for Brain Research, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Ian Paul Johnson
- Macquarie Medical School, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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Coeloglossum viride var. bracteatum extract attenuates staurosporine induced neurotoxicity by restoring the FGF2-PI3K/Akt signaling axis and Dnmt3. Heliyon 2021; 7:e07503. [PMID: 34401557 PMCID: PMC8353313 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e07503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Revised: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 07/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
We previously demonstrated the antioxidant activity of Coeloglossum viride var. bracteatum extract (CE) in rat cortical neurons and in mice with chemically induced cognitive impairment. In this work, we established a staurosporine (STS)-induced toxicity model to decipher the neuroprotective mechanisms of CE. We found that CE protected cell viability and neurite integrity in STS-induced toxicity by restoring the levels of FGF2 and its associated PI3K/Akt signaling axis. LY294002, a pan-inhibitor of PI3K, antagonized the activity of CE, although its-mediated restoration of FGF2 was unaffected. In addition, CE restored levels of Bcl-2/Caspase-3, PKCα/CaM pathway, and Dnmt3a and Dnmt3b, two methyltransferases that contribute to de novo DNA methylation. The Dnmts inhibitor 5-azacytidine impaired CE-mediated restoration of Dnmt3 or CaM, as well as the transition of DNA methylation status on the Dnmt3 promoter. These results reveal potential mechanisms that could facilitate the study and application of CE as a neuroprotective agent.
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Klimaschewski L, Claus P. Fibroblast Growth Factor Signalling in the Diseased Nervous System. Mol Neurobiol 2021; 58:3884-3902. [PMID: 33860438 PMCID: PMC8280051 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-021-02367-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) act as key signalling molecules in brain development, maintenance, and repair. They influence the intricate relationship between myelinating cells and axons as well as the association of astrocytic and microglial processes with neuronal perikarya and synapses. Advances in molecular genetics and imaging techniques have allowed novel insights into FGF signalling in recent years. Conditional mouse mutants have revealed the functional significance of neuronal and glial FGF receptors, not only in tissue protection, axon regeneration, and glial proliferation but also in instant behavioural changes. This review provides a summary of recent findings regarding the role of FGFs and their receptors in the nervous system and in the pathogenesis of major neurological and psychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lars Klimaschewski
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Institute of Neuroanatomy, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.
| | - Peter Claus
- Institute of Neuroanatomy and Cell Biology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- Center for Systems Neuroscience, Hannover, Germany
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Wenyang Jieyu Decoction Alleviates Depressive Behavior in the Rat Model of Depression via Regulation of the Intestinal Microbiota. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2020; 2020:3290450. [PMID: 32774410 PMCID: PMC7396094 DOI: 10.1155/2020/3290450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Background Intestinal microbiota plays an important role in the occurrence and treatment of depression. This study investigated whether Wenyang Jieyu decoction (WYJYD) alleviates depressive behavior in the rat model via regulation of the intestinal microbiota. Methods Rat model of depression was established by stress stimulus. SD male rats were randomly allocated into normal control, model, model + low-dose WYJYD (1.89 g/kg/d), model + medium-dose WYJYD (3.08 g/kg/d), model + high-dose WYJYD (7.56 g/kg/d), and model + fluoxetine (3.33 mg/kg/d) groups. Behavioral changes were observed using forced swim test. Histopathological changes in hippocampal tissue were examined by HE staining. Indicators in serum were detected by ELISA. Indicators in hippocampal tissue were detected by qPCR and western blot. Microbiota distribution in feces was detected using high-throughput 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Results Compared with the model group, the immobility time in WYJYD and fluoxetine groups was significantly decreased (P < 0.05), and the cell structure was significantly improved. Compared with the model group, the 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) levels in medium- and high-dose WYJYD groups and the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) level in the high-dose WYJYD group were significantly increased (P < 0.05, all), and the fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF2), forkhead box protein G1 (FOXG1), and phospho-protein kinase B/protein kinase B (p-AKT/AKT) expressions were increased with WYJYD treatments. The Chao1 and ACE indices in high-dose WYJYD and the Simpson and Shannon indices in medium-dose WYJYD were significantly different than the model group. The similarity of the intestinal microbial community of each group after WYJYD treatment tended to be closer to the control group. Compared with the model group, as the dosage of WYJYD increased, the abundance of genera Coprococcus, Lachnospira, and rc4-4 was significantly increased, while the abundance of genera Desulfovibrio, Burkholderia, and Enterococcus was significantly decreased. Conclusion WYJYD may alleviate the depressive behavior of the rat model by regulating the intestinal microbiota and neurotransmitters.
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Yuan S, Li H, Yang C, Xie W, Wang Y, Zhang J, Cai Z, Mao Z, Xie W, Lü T. DHA attenuates Aβ-induced necroptosis through the RIPK1/RIPK3 signaling pathway in THP-1 monocytes. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 126:110102. [PMID: 32199223 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2019] [Revised: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Monocytes play a crucial role in Alzheimer's disease (AD), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) has a neuroprotective effect for many neurodegenerative diseases. However, mechanisms that regulate monocyte and Aβ protein interaction in AD and the effects of DHA on monocytes in the context of AD are not fully understood. The experiments were designed to further explore possible mechanisms of interaction between monocytes and Aβ plaques. Another objective of this study was to investigate a potential mechanism for Aβ-induced necroptosis involving the activation of MAPK and NF-kB signaling pathways in human THP-1 monocytes, as well as how these pathways might be modulated by DHA. Our findings indicate that Aβ25-35 has a "Hormesis" effect on cell viability and necroptosis in THP-1 cells, and Aβ25-35 influences THP-1 cells differentiation as analyzed by flow cytometry. Pretreatment of THP-1 monocytes with DHA effectively inhibited Aβ-induced activation and markedly suppressed protein expression of necroptosis (RIPK1, RIPK3, MLKL) and pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6). Moreover, our findings indicate that Aβ25-35 activated the ERK1/2 and p38 signaling pathways, but not NF-κB/p65 signaling, while pre-treatment with DHA followed by Aβ25-35 treatment suppressed only ERK1/2 signaling. Further study revealed that the expression level of RIPK3 is reduced much more during coadministration with DHA and necrostatin-1 (NEC-1) than administration alone with either of them, indicating that DHA may have additional targets. Meanwhile, this finding indicates that DHA can prevent Aβ-induced necroptosis of THP-1 cells via the RIPK1/RIPK3 signaling pathway. Our results also indicate that DHA treatment restored migration of THP-1 monocytes induced by Aβ25-35, and DHA treatment could be a promising new therapy for AD management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiqi Yuan
- Department of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, No. 183, Zhongshan Road West, Guangzhou 510630, PR China
| | - Huan Li
- Department of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, No. 183, Zhongshan Road West, Guangzhou 510630, PR China
| | - Canhong Yang
- Department of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, No. 183, Zhongshan Road West, Guangzhou 510630, PR China
| | - Wenyi Xie
- Department of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, No. 183, Zhongshan Road West, Guangzhou 510630, PR China
| | - Yuanyuan Wang
- Department of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, No. 183, Zhongshan Road West, Guangzhou 510630, PR China
| | - Jiafa Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, No. 183, Zhongshan Road West, Guangzhou 510630, PR China
| | - Zibo Cai
- Department of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, No. 183, Zhongshan Road West, Guangzhou 510630, PR China
| | - Zhenlin Mao
- Department of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, No. 183, Zhongshan Road West, Guangzhou 510630, PR China
| | - Weibing Xie
- Judicial Identification Center of Southern Medical University, No.1023-1063, Shatai Road South, Guangzhou 510515, PR China
| | - Tianming Lü
- Department of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, No. 183, Zhongshan Road West, Guangzhou 510630, PR China.
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Chen X, Li Z, Cheng Y, Kardami E, Loh YP. Low and High Molecular Weight FGF-2 Have Differential Effects on Astrocyte Proliferation, but Are Both Protective Against Aβ-Induced Cytotoxicity. Front Mol Neurosci 2020; 12:328. [PMID: 32038161 PMCID: PMC6992557 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2019.00328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Astrocytes are the most abundant type of glial cells in the brain, and they play a key role in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Fibroblast Growth Factor-2 (FGF-2) has been implicated as a potential therapeutic agent for treating AD. In the present study, we investigated the protective effects of low molecular weight (LMW; 17 KDa) and high molecular weight (HMW; 23 KDa) forms of FGF-2 on Aβ1–42-induced toxicity, and proliferation in astrocytes. We show that both isoforms of FGF-2 have similar protective effects against Aβ1–42-induced cytotoxicity in primary cultured cortical astrocytes as measured by Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH) release assay. Additionally, 17 KDa FGF-2 significantly promoted astrocyte proliferation as measured by Trypan Blue, DRAQ5 and 5-ethynyl-2’-deoxyuridine (EdU) staining, but not 23 kDa FGF-2. Furthermore, our results demonstrated that AKT signaling pathway was required for the protective and proliferative effects of FGF-2. Downstream effector studies indicated that 17 kDa FGF-2 promoted astrocyte proliferation by enhanced expression of c-Myc, Cyclin D1, Cyclin E. Furthermore, our data suggested that Cyclin D1 was required for the proliferative effect of LMW FGF2 in astrocytes. Taken together, our findings provide important information for the similarities and differences between 23 kDa and17 kDa isoforms of FGF-2 on astrocyte survival and proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Ethnomedicine for Ministry of Education, Center on Translational Neuroscience, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing, China
| | - Zhaojin Li
- Section on Cellular Neurobiology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Yong Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Ethnomedicine for Ministry of Education, Center on Translational Neuroscience, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing, China.,Section on Cellular Neurobiology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Elissavet Kardami
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, St. Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Y Peng Loh
- Section on Cellular Neurobiology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
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Even-Chen O, Barak S. Inhibition of FGF Receptor-1 Suppresses Alcohol Consumption: Role of PI3 Kinase Signaling in Dorsomedial Striatum. J Neurosci 2019; 39:7947-7957. [PMID: 31375540 PMCID: PMC6774404 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.0805-19.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Revised: 07/20/2019] [Accepted: 07/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Excessive alcohol intake leads to mesostriatal neuroadaptations, and to addiction phenotypes. We recently found in rodents that alcohol increases fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2) expression in the dorsomedial striatum (DMS), which promotes alcohol consumption. Here, we show that systemic or intra-DMS blockade of the FGF2 receptor, FGF receptor-1 (FGFR1), suppresses alcohol consumption, and that the effects of FGF2-FGFR1 on alcohol drinking are mediated via the phosphoinositide 3 kinase (PI3K) signaling pathway. Specifically, we found that sub-chronic alcohol treatment (7 d × 2.5 g/kg, i.p.) increased Fgfr1 mRNA expression in the dorsal hippocampus and dorsal striatum. However, prolonged and excessive voluntary alcohol consumption in a two-bottle choice procedure increased Fgfr1 expression selectively in DMS. Importantly, systemic administration of the FGFR1 inhibitor PD173074 to mice, as well as its infusion into the DMS of rats, decreased alcohol consumption and preference, with no effects on natural reward consumption. Finally, inhibition of the PI3K, but not of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway, blocked the effects of FGF2 on alcohol intake and preference. Our results suggest that activation of FGFR1 by FGF2 in the DMS leads to activation of the PI3K signaling pathway, which promotes excessive alcohol consumption, and that inhibition of FGFR1 may provide a novel therapeutic target for alcohol use disorder.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Long-term alcohol consumption causes neuroadaptations in the mesostriatal reward system, leading to addiction-related behaviors. We recently showed that alcohol upregulates the expression of fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2) in dorsomedial striatum (DMS) or rats and mice, and in turn, FGF2 increases alcohol consumption. Here, we show that long-term alcohol intake also increases the expression of the FGF2 receptor, FGFR1 in the DMS. Importantly, inhibition of FGFR1 activity by a selective receptor antagonist reduces alcohol drinking, when given systemically or directly into the DMS. We further show that the effects of FGF2-FGFR1 on alcohol drinking are mediated via activation of the PI3K intracellular signaling pathway, providing an insight on the mechanism for this effect.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Segev Barak
- School of Psychological Sciences, and
- Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, 69978 Tel Aviv, Israel
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Xiao L, Yang X, Loh YP. Neurotrophic, Gene Regulation, and Cognitive Functions of Carboxypeptidase E-Neurotrophic Factor-α1 and Its Variants. Front Neurosci 2019; 13:243. [PMID: 30941009 PMCID: PMC6433828 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2019.00243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2019] [Accepted: 03/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Carboxypeptidase E, also known as neurotrophic factor-α1 (CPE-NFα1), was first discovered as an exopeptidase and is known to work by cleaving C-terminal basic amino acids from prohormone intermediates to produce mature peptide hormones and neuropeptides in the endocrine and central nervous systems, respectively. CPE-NFα1 also plays a critical role in prohormone sorting and secretory vesicle transportation. Recently, emerging studies have indicated that CPE-NFα1 exerts multiple non-enzymatic physiological roles in maintaining normal central nervous system function and in neurodevelopment. This includes potent neuroprotective and anti-depressant activities, as well as stem cell differentiation functions. In addition, N-terminal truncated variants of CPE-NFα1 have been identified to regulate expression of important neurodevelopmental genes. This mini-review summarizes recent advances in understanding the mechanisms underlying CPE-NFα1’s function in neuroprotection during stress and aspects of neurodevelopment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Xiao
- Section on Cellular Neurobiology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Xuyu Yang
- Section on Cellular Neurobiology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Y Peng Loh
- Section on Cellular Neurobiology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
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11
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Koleini N, Santiago JJ, Nickel BE, Sequiera GL, Wang J, Fandrich RR, Jassal DS, Dhingra S, Kirshenbaum LA, Cattini PA, Kardami E. Elimination or neutralization of endogenous high-molecular-weight FGF2 mitigates doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2018; 316:H279-H288. [PMID: 30412444 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00587.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Cardiac fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2) exerts multiple paracrine activities related to cardiac response to injury. Endogenous FGF2 is composed of a mixture of 70% high- and 30% low-molecular-weight isoforms (Hi-FGF2 and Lo-FGF2, respectivley); although exogenously added Lo-FGF2 is cardioprotective, the roles of endogenous Hi-FGF2 or Lo-FGF2 have not been well defined. Therefore, we investigated the effect of elimination of Hi-FGF2 expression on susceptibility to acute cardiac damage in vivo caused by an injection of the genotoxic drug doxorubicin (Dox). Mice genetically depleted of endogenous Hi-FGF2 and expressing only Lo-FGF2 [FGF2(Lo) mice] were protected from the Dox-induced decline in ejection fraction displayed by their wild-type FGF2 [FGF2(WT)] mouse counterparts, regardless of sex, as assessed by echocardiography for up to 10 days post-Dox treatment. Because cardiac FGF2 is produced mainly by nonmyocytes, we next addressed potential contribution of fibroblast-produced FGF2 on myocyte vulnerability to Dox. In cocultures of neonatal rat cardiomyocytes (r-cardiomyocytes) with mouse fibroblasts from FGF2(WT) or FGF2(Lo) mice, only the FGF2(Lo)-fibroblast cocultures protected r-cardiomyocytes from Dox-induced mitochondrial and cellular damage. When r-cardiomyocytes were cocultured with or exposed to conditioned medium from human fibroblasts, neutralizing antibodies for human Hi-FGF-2, but not total FGF2, mitigated Dox-induced injury of cardiomyocytes. We conclude that endogenous Hi-FGF2 reduces cardioprotection by endogenous Lo-FGF2. Antibody-based neutralization of endogenous Hi-FGF2 may offer a prophylactic treatment against agents causing acute cardiac damage. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Cardiomyocytes, in vivo and in vitro, were protected from the deleterious effects of the anticancer drug doxorubicin by the genetic elimination or antibody-based neutralization of endogenous paracrine high-molecular-weight fibroblast growth factor 2 isoforms. These findings have a translational potential for mitigating doxorubicin-induced cardiac damage in patients with cancer by an antibody-based treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Navid Koleini
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba , Winnipeg, Manitoba , Canada.,Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, St. Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre , Winnipeg, Manitoba , Canada
| | - Jon-Jon Santiago
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, St. Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre , Winnipeg, Manitoba , Canada
| | - Barbara E Nickel
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, St. Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre , Winnipeg, Manitoba , Canada
| | - Glen Lester Sequiera
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba , Winnipeg, Manitoba , Canada.,Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, St. Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre , Winnipeg, Manitoba , Canada
| | - Jie Wang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba , Winnipeg, Manitoba , Canada
| | - Robert R Fandrich
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, St. Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre , Winnipeg, Manitoba , Canada.,Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba , Winnipeg, Manitoba , Canada
| | - Davinder S Jassal
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba , Winnipeg, Manitoba , Canada.,Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, St. Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre , Winnipeg, Manitoba , Canada.,Section of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba , Winnipeg, Manitoba , Canada
| | - Sanjiv Dhingra
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba , Winnipeg, Manitoba , Canada.,Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, St. Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre , Winnipeg, Manitoba , Canada
| | - Lorrie A Kirshenbaum
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba , Winnipeg, Manitoba , Canada.,Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, St. Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre , Winnipeg, Manitoba , Canada.,Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba , Winnipeg, Manitoba , Canada
| | - Peter A Cattini
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba , Winnipeg, Manitoba , Canada
| | - Elissavet Kardami
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba , Winnipeg, Manitoba , Canada.,Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, St. Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre , Winnipeg, Manitoba , Canada.,Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba , Winnipeg, Manitoba , Canada
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Wang L, Li XX, Chen X, Qin XY, Kardami E, Cheng Y. Antidepressant-Like Effects of Low- and High-Molecular Weight FGF-2 on Chronic Unpredictable Mild Stress Mice. Front Mol Neurosci 2018; 11:377. [PMID: 30369869 PMCID: PMC6194172 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2018.00377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2018] [Accepted: 09/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The occurrence of depressive disorder has long been attributed to changes in monoamines, with the focus of drug treatment strategies being to change the effectiveness of monoamines. However, the success achieved by changing these processes is limited and further stimulates the exploration of alternative mechanisms and treatments. Fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF-2), which occurs in a high-molecular weight (HMW) and low-molecular weight (LMW) form, is a potent developmental modulator and nervous system regulator that has been suggested to play an important role in various psychiatric disorders. In this study, we investigated the antidepressant effects of HMW and LMW FGF-2 on depression induced by chronic stress. Both peripheral LMW and HMW FGF-2 attenuated the depression-like behaviors in chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) mice to a similar extent, as determined by the forced swimming, tail suspension, and sucrose preference tests. We then showed that CUMS-induced oxidative stresses in mice were inhibited by FGF-2 treatments both in central and peripheral. We also showed that both forms of FGF-2 increased the phosphorylation of ERK and AKT, increased Bcl-2 expression and inhibited caspase-3 activation in CUMS mice. Interestingly, HMW FGF-2 enhanced the activity of the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) to a greater extent than did LMW FGF-2 in the hippocampus. Taken together, these results suggest that depressive symptoms can be relieved by administering different forms of FGF-2 peripherally in a CUMS-induced depression model through a similar antidepressant signaling pathway, therefore suggesting a potential clinical use for FGF-2 as a treatment for depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Ethnomedicine for Ministry of Education, Center on Translational Neuroscience, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing, China
| | - Xi-Xi Li
- Key Laboratory of Ethnomedicine for Ministry of Education, Center on Translational Neuroscience, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing, China
| | - Xi Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Minzu University of China, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-Yan Qin
- Key Laboratory of Ethnomedicine for Ministry of Education, Center on Translational Neuroscience, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing, China
| | - Elissavet Kardami
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, St. Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Yong Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Ethnomedicine for Ministry of Education, Center on Translational Neuroscience, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing, China
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