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Takahashi A. Associations of the immune system in aggression traits and the role of microglia as mediators. Neuropharmacology 2024; 256:110021. [PMID: 38825308 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2024.110021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
There is an important relationship between the immune system and aggressive behavior. Aggressive encounters acutely increase the levels of proinflammatory cytokines, and there are positive correlations between aggressive traits and peripheral proinflammatory cytokines. Endotoxin lipopolysaccharide (LPS) treatment, which results in peripheral immune activation, decreases aggressive behavior as one of the sickness behavioral symptoms. In contrast, certain brain infections and chronic interferon treatment are associated with increased aggression. Indeed, the effects of proinflammatory cytokines on the brain in aggressive behavior are bidirectional, depending on the type and dose of cytokine, target brain region, and type of aggression. Some studies have suggested that microglial activation and neuroinflammation influence intermale aggression in rodent models. In addition, pathological conditions as well as physiological levels of cytokines produced by microglia play an important role in social and aggressive behavior in adult animals. Furthermore, microglial function in early development is necessary for the establishment of the social brain and the expression of juvenile social behaviors, including play fighting. Overall, this review discusses the important link between the immune system and aggressive traits and the role of microglia as mediators of this link.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aki Takahashi
- Laboratory of Behavioral Neurobiology, Institute of Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8577, Japan.
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Fritz M, Soravia SM, Dudeck M, Malli L, Fakhoury M. Neurobiology of Aggression-Review of Recent Findings and Relationship with Alcohol and Trauma. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:biology12030469. [PMID: 36979161 PMCID: PMC10044835 DOI: 10.3390/biology12030469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
Aggression can be conceptualized as any behavior, physical or verbal, that involves attacking another person or animal with the intent of causing harm, pain or injury. Because of its high prevalence worldwide, aggression has remained a central clinical and public safety issue. Aggression can be caused by several risk factors, including biological and psychological, such as genetics and mental health disorders, and socioeconomic such as education, employment, financial status, and neighborhood. Research over the past few decades has also proposed a link between alcohol consumption and aggressive behaviors. Alcohol consumption can escalate aggressive behavior in humans, often leading to domestic violence or serious crimes. Converging lines of evidence have also shown that trauma and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) could have a tremendous impact on behavior associated with both alcohol use problems and violence. However, although the link between trauma, alcohol, and aggression is well documented, the underlying neurobiological mechanisms and their impact on behavior have not been properly discussed. This article provides an overview of recent advances in understanding the translational neurobiological basis of aggression and its intricate links to alcoholism and trauma, focusing on behavior. It does so by shedding light from several perspectives, including in vivo imaging, genes, receptors, and neurotransmitters and their influence on human and animal behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Fritz
- School of Health and Social Sciences, AKAD University of Applied Sciences, 70191 Stuttgart, Germany
- Department of Forensic Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Ulm University, BKH Günzburg, Lindenallee 2, 89312 Günzburg, Germany
| | - Sarah-Maria Soravia
- Department of Forensic Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Ulm University, BKH Günzburg, Lindenallee 2, 89312 Günzburg, Germany
| | - Manuela Dudeck
- Department of Forensic Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Ulm University, BKH Günzburg, Lindenallee 2, 89312 Günzburg, Germany
| | - Layal Malli
- Department of Natural Sciences, School of Arts and Sciences, Lebanese American University, Beirut P.O. Box 13-5053, Lebanon
| | - Marc Fakhoury
- Department of Natural Sciences, School of Arts and Sciences, Lebanese American University, Beirut P.O. Box 13-5053, Lebanon
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Galyamina AG, Smagin DA, Kovalenko IL, Redina OE, Babenko VN, Kudryavtseva NN. The Dysfunction of Carcinogenesis- and Apoptosis-Associated Genes that Develops in the Hypothalamus under Chronic Social Defeat Stress in Male Mice. BIOCHEMISTRY. BIOKHIMIIA 2022; 87:1050-1064. [PMID: 36180995 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297922090152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Chronic social stress caused by daily agonistic interactions in male mice leads to a mixed anxiety/depression-like disorder that is accompanied by the development of psychogenic immunodeficiency and stimulation of oncogenic processes concurrently with many neurotranscriptomic changes in brain regions. The aim of the study was to identify carcinogenesis- and apoptosis-associated differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the hypothalamus of male mice with depression-like symptoms and, for comparison, in aggressive male mice with positive social experience. To obtain two groups of animals with the opposite 20-day social experiences, a model of chronic social conflict was used. Analysis of RNA-Seq data revealed similar expression changes for many DEGs between the aggressive and depressed animals in comparison with the control group; however, the number of DEGs was significantly lower in the aggressive than in the depressed mice. It is likely that the observed unidirectional changes in the expression of carcinogenesis- and apoptosis-associated genes in the two experimental groups may be a result of prolonged social stress (of different severity) caused by the agonistic interactions. In addition, 26 DEGs were found that did not change expression in the aggressive animals and could be considered genes promoting carcinogenesis or inhibiting apoptosis. Akt1, Bag6, Foxp4, Mapk3, Mapk8, Nol3, Pdcd10, and Xiap were identified as genes whose expression most strongly correlated with the expression of other DEGs, suggesting that their protein products play a role in coordination of the neurotranscriptomic changes in the hypothalamus. Further research into functions of these genes may be useful for the development of pharmacotherapies for psychosomatic pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna G Galyamina
- FRC Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
| | - Dmitry A Smagin
- FRC Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
| | - Irina L Kovalenko
- FRC Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
| | - Olga E Redina
- FRC Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
| | - Vladimir N Babenko
- FRC Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
| | - Natalia N Kudryavtseva
- FRC Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia.
- Pavlov Institute of Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Saint Petersburg, 199034, Russia
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Dos Santos ACM, Dos Santos BRC, Dos Santos BB, Bastos DM, de Moura EL, Neto ABL, E Silva ACP, de Farias KF, de Medeiros Alves V, Nardi AE, de Souza Figueiredo EVM. The Role of the IL-10 (-819C/T), TNFA (-308G/A) and ENOS (-786T/C) Polymorphisms of Impulsive and Aggressive Personality Traits in Cocaine/Crack Users. Neuroscience 2022; 498:280-288. [PMID: 35716966 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2022.05.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Revised: 05/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Cytokines and nitric oxide have been associated with impulsive and aggressive personality traits. We conducted the first study that investigated the role of SNPs in cytokines and nitric oxide genes and the influence in the progression of aggressive and impulsive behavior in 107 of cocaine and crack users. In this case-control, IL-10 (-819C/T), TNFA (-308G/A) and ENOS (-786T/C) polymorphisms were determined by Real-Time PCR. In addition, the relationship between these polymorphisms and Impulsivity and Aggression was determined. We found that the physical aggressiveness sub score was negatively correlated with the C allele of -819C/T polymorphism of the IL-10 (b = -0.14; p = 0.04). The T allele of the SNP -786T/C of the ENOS gene positively predicts traits of physical aggressiveness (b = 0.14; p = 0.04). The GA genotype (b = 0.22; p = 0.01) and the A allele (b = 0.15; p = 0.02) of -308 G/A polymorphism of the TNFA were positively correlated with aggressiveness physical. The GA genotype (b = 0.20; p = 0.03) was positively correlated with aggressiveness verbal. IL-10 (-819C/T), TNFA (-308G/A) and ENOS (-786T/C) polymorphisms might be associated with high risk of aggressive and impulsive behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Caroline Melo Dos Santos
- Federal University of Alagoas, Biomarkers and Health Monitoring Research Group (BMS), Molecular Biology and Gene Expression Laboratory, Brazil; Biomarkers and Health Monitoring Research Group (BMS), Post-Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Alagoas, Molecular Biology and Gene Expression Laboratory, Brazil
| | - Barbara Rayssa Correia Dos Santos
- Federal University of Alagoas, Biomarkers and Health Monitoring Research Group (BMS), Molecular Biology and Gene Expression Laboratory, Brazil; Biomarkers and Health Monitoring Research Group (BMS), Post-Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Alagoas, Molecular Biology and Gene Expression Laboratory, Brazil
| | - Bruna Brandão Dos Santos
- Federal University of Alagoas, Biomarkers and Health Monitoring Research Group (BMS), Molecular Biology and Gene Expression Laboratory, Brazil; Biomarkers and Health Monitoring Research Group (BMS), Post-Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Alagoas, Molecular Biology and Gene Expression Laboratory, Brazil
| | - Dhayane Magalhães Bastos
- Federal University of Alagoas, Biomarkers and Health Monitoring Research Group (BMS), Molecular Biology and Gene Expression Laboratory, Brazil
| | - Edilson Leite de Moura
- Federal University of Alagoas, Biomarkers and Health Monitoring Research Group (BMS), Molecular Biology and Gene Expression Laboratory, Brazil; Biomarkers and Health Monitoring Research Group (BMS), Post-Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Alagoas, Molecular Biology and Gene Expression Laboratory, Brazil
| | - Abel Barbosa Lira Neto
- Federal University of Alagoas, Biomarkers and Health Monitoring Research Group (BMS), Molecular Biology and Gene Expression Laboratory, Brazil
| | | | - Karol Fireman de Farias
- Federal University of Alagoas, Biomarkers and Health Monitoring Research Group (BMS), Molecular Biology and Gene Expression Laboratory, Brazil; Department of Nursing, Postgraduate Program in Nursing of the Federal University of Alagoas, Brazil
| | | | - Antônio Egídio Nardi
- Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Brazilian Academy of Sciences and National Academy of Medicine, Brazil
| | - Elaine Virgínia Martins de Souza Figueiredo
- Federal University of Alagoas, Biomarkers and Health Monitoring Research Group (BMS), Molecular Biology and Gene Expression Laboratory, Brazil; Biomarkers and Health Monitoring Research Group (BMS), Post-Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Alagoas, Molecular Biology and Gene Expression Laboratory, Brazil.
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De Meij J, Alfanek Z, Morel L, Decoeur F, Leyrolle Q, Picard K, Carrier M, Aubert A, Séré A, Lucas C, Laforest G, Helbling JC, Tremblay ME, Cota D, Moisan MP, Marsicano G, Layé S, Nadjar A. Microglial Cannabinoid Type 1 Receptor Regulates Brain Inflammation in a Sex-Specific Manner. Cannabis Cannabinoid Res 2021; 6:488-507. [PMID: 34591647 DOI: 10.1089/can.2020.0170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Neuroinflammation is a key feature shared by most, if not all, neuropathologies. It involves complex biological processes that act as a protective mechanism to fight against the injurious stimuli, but it can lead to tissue damage if self-perpetuating. In this context, microglia, the main cellular actor of neuroinflammation in the brain, are seen as a double-edged sword. By phagocyting neuronal debris, these cells can not only provide tissue repair but can also contribute to neuronal damage by releasing harmful substances, including inflammatory cytokines. The mechanisms guiding these apparent opposing actions are poorly known. The endocannabinoid system modulates the release of inflammatory factors such as cytokines and could represent a functional link between microglia and neuroinflammatory processes. According to transcriptomic databases and in vitro studies, microglia, the main source of cytokines in pathological conditions, express the cannabinoid type 1 receptor (CB1R). Methods: We thus developed a conditional mouse model of CB1R deletion specifically in microglia, which was subjected to an immune challenge (peripheral lipopolysaccharide injection). Results: Our results reveal that microglial CB1R differentially controls sickness behavior in males and females. Conclusion: These findings add to the comprehension of neuroinflammatory processes and might be of great interest for future studies aimed at developing therapeutic strategies for brain disorders with higher prevalence in men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia De Meij
- NutriNeuro, INRAE, Bordeaux INP, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Zain Alfanek
- NutriNeuro, INRAE, Bordeaux INP, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Lydie Morel
- NutriNeuro, INRAE, Bordeaux INP, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Fanny Decoeur
- NutriNeuro, INRAE, Bordeaux INP, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Quentin Leyrolle
- NutriNeuro, INRAE, Bordeaux INP, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Katherine Picard
- Axe Neurosciences, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec, Université Laval, Québec City, Canada.,Division of Medical Sciences, University of Victoria, Victoria, Canada.,Department of Molecular Medicine, Université Laval, Québec City, Canada
| | - Micael Carrier
- Axe Neurosciences, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec, Université Laval, Québec City, Canada.,Division of Medical Sciences, University of Victoria, Victoria, Canada
| | - Agnes Aubert
- NutriNeuro, INRAE, Bordeaux INP, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Alexandra Séré
- NutriNeuro, INRAE, Bordeaux INP, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Céline Lucas
- NutriNeuro, INRAE, Bordeaux INP, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Gerald Laforest
- NutriNeuro, INRAE, Bordeaux INP, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | | | - Marie-Eve Tremblay
- Axe Neurosciences, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec, Université Laval, Québec City, Canada.,Division of Medical Sciences, University of Victoria, Victoria, Canada.,Department of Molecular Medicine, Université Laval, Québec City, Canada.,Neurology and Neurosurgery Department, McGill University, Montreal, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Daniela Cota
- INSERM, Neurocentre Magendie, Physiopathologie de la Plasticité Neuronale, Bordeaux, France
| | | | - Giovanni Marsicano
- INSERM, Neurocentre Magendie, Physiopathologie de la Plasticité Neuronale, Bordeaux, France
| | - Sophie Layé
- NutriNeuro, INRAE, Bordeaux INP, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Agnès Nadjar
- NutriNeuro, INRAE, Bordeaux INP, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France.,INSERM, Neurocentre Magendie, Physiopathologie de la Plasticité Neuronale, Bordeaux, France
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Gevorgyan MM, Zhanaeva SY, Alperina EL, Lipina TV, Idova GV. The composition of peripheral immunocompetent cell subpopulations and cytokine content in the brain structures of mutant Disc1-Q31L mice. Vavilovskii Zhurnal Genet Selektsii 2020; 24:770-776. [PMID: 33959693 PMCID: PMC8093651 DOI: 10.18699/vj20.672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The DISC1 (disrupted in sсhizophrenia 1) gene is associated with brain dysfunctions, which are involved
in a variety of mental disorders, such as schizophrenia, depression and bipolar disorder. This is the first study to
examine the immune parameters in Disc1-Q31L mice with a point mutation in the second exon of the DISC1 gene
compared to mice of the C57BL/6NCrl strain (WT, wild type). A flow cytometry assay has shown that intact Disc1-
Q31L mice differ from the WT strain by an increase in the percentage of CD3+ T cells, CD3+CD4+ Т helper cells
and CD3+CD4+CD25+ T regulatory cells and a decrease in CD3+CD8+ T cytotoxic/suppressor cells in the peripheral
blood. A multiplex analysis revealed differences in the content of cytokines in the brain structures of Disc1-Q31L
mice compared to WT mice. The content of pro-inflammatory cytokines was increased in the frontal cortex (IL-6,
IL- 17 and IFNγ) and striatum (IFNγ), and decreased in the hippocampus and hypothalamus. At the same time, the
levels of IL-1β were decreased in all structures being examined. In addition, the content of anti-inflammatory cytokines
IL-4 was increased in the frontal cortex, while IL-10 amount was decreased in the hippocampus. Immune
response to sheep red blood cells analyzed by the number of antibody-forming cells in the spleen was higher in
Disc1-Q31L mice at the peak of the reaction than in WT mice. Thus, Disc1-Q31L mice are characterized by changes in
the pattern of cytokines in the brain structures, an amplification of the peripheral T-cell link with an increase in the
content of the subpopulations of CD3+CD4+ T helpers and CD3+CD4+CD25+ T regulatory cells, as well as elevated
immune reactivity to antigen in the spleen.
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Affiliation(s)
- M M Gevorgyan
- Scientific Research Institute of Physiology and Basic Medicine, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - S Ya Zhanaeva
- Scientific Research Institute of Physiology and Basic Medicine, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - E L Alperina
- Scientific Research Institute of Physiology and Basic Medicine, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - T V Lipina
- Scientific Research Institute of Physiology and Basic Medicine, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - G V Idova
- Scientific Research Institute of Physiology and Basic Medicine, Novosibirsk, Russia
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Ilchibaeva TV, Tsybko AS, Kondaurova EM, Kovetskaya AI, Kozhemyakina RV, Naumenko VS. Expression Patterns of Serotonin Receptors 1А and 7 in the Brain of Rats with Genetically Determined Fear-Induced Aggressive Behavior or the Lack of Aggression. NEUROCHEM J+ 2020. [DOI: 10.1134/s1819712420020051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Bock BB, Bastos CR, Ardais AP, Grellert M, de Carvalho HW, Farias CP, Jansen K, Oses JP, da Silva RA, Portela LV, Kaster MP, Lara DR, Ghisleni G. Temperament traits moderate the relationship between Childhood Trauma and Interleukin 1β profile in young adults. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2020; 116:104671. [PMID: 32422464 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2020.104671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Revised: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Early life stressors, such as childhood trauma, have been associated to alterations in immune response that can last until adulthood. In this context, interleukin 1β (IL-1β) emerges as a pro-inflammatory cytokine with a pivotal role. Also, considering the temperament differences in stress susceptibility, and even immune dysfunction, studies investigating the complex interaction between these factors are scarce. Thus, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the moderating role of temperament traits in the relationship between childhood trauma and serum IL-1β levels. This cross-sectional study consisted of 325 individuals, men and women, aged 18-35, enrolled from a population-based study in the city of Pelotas, Southern Brazil. Our main results indicate that higher serum levels of IL-1β were associated with trauma severity (p < 0.01), and the variance of anger could explain 29% of IL-1β increase in individuals who suffered severe trauma (p < 0.05). The effect of anger was considerably stronger in men than in women (46% and 25%, respectively). Moreover, the variance of sensitivity also explained 15% of IL-1β increase (p < 0.05) as well as the variance of volition explained 11% of IL-1β decrease (p < 0.05) in individuals who suffered severe trauma in the general population. Our results indicate that emotional individual differences can moderate the impact of childhood trauma on low-grade inflammation in young adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bertha Bueno Bock
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde e Comportamento, Universidade Católica de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - Clarissa Ribeiro Bastos
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde e Comportamento, Universidade Católica de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Ardais
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde e Comportamento, Universidade Católica de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - Mateus Grellert
- Mestrado em Engenharia Eletrônica e Computação, Universidade Católica de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | | | - Cid Pinheiro Farias
- Departamento de Psicologia, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - Karen Jansen
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde e Comportamento, Universidade Católica de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - Jean Pierre Oses
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde e Comportamento, Universidade Católica de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Azevedo da Silva
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde e Comportamento, Universidade Católica de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - Luis Valmor Portela
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Manuella Pinto Kaster
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Diogo Rizzato Lara
- Departamento de Biologia Celular e Molecular, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Gabriele Ghisleni
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde e Comportamento, Universidade Católica de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil.
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