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Wei R, Wei P, Yuan H, Yi X, Aschner M, Jiang YM, Li SJ. Inflammation in Metal-Induced Neurological Disorders and Neurodegenerative Diseases. Biol Trace Elem Res 2024; 202:4459-4481. [PMID: 38206494 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-023-04041-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Essential metals play critical roles in maintaining human health as they participate in various physiological activities. Nonetheless, both excessive accumulation and deficiency of these metals may result in neurotoxicity secondary to neuroinflammation and the activation of microglia and astrocytes. Activation of these cells can promote the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. It is well known that neuroinflammation plays a critical role in metal-induced neurotoxicity as well as the development of neurological disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), and multiple sclerosis (MS). Initially seen as a defense mechanism, persistent inflammatory responses are now considered harmful. Astrocytes and microglia are key regulators of neuroinflammation in the central nervous system, and their excessive activation may induce sustained neuroinflammation. Therefore, in this review, we aim to emphasize the important role and molecular mechanisms underlying metal-induced neurotoxicity. Our objective is to raise the awareness on metal-induced neuroinflammation in neurological disorders. However, it is not only just neuroinflammation that different metals could induce; they can also cause harm to the nervous system through oxidative stress, apoptosis, and autophagy, to name a few. The primary pathophysiological mechanism by which these metals induce neurological disorders remains to be determined. In addition, given the various pathways through which individuals are exposed to metals, it is necessary to also consider the effects of co-exposure to multiple metals on neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruokun Wei
- Toxicology Department, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, 22 Shuang-yong Rd., Nanning, 530021, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environment and Health Research, Guangxi Medical University, 22 Shuang-yong Rd., Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Peiqi Wei
- Toxicology Department, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, 22 Shuang-yong Rd., Nanning, 530021, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environment and Health Research, Guangxi Medical University, 22 Shuang-yong Rd., Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Haiyan Yuan
- Toxicology Department, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, 22 Shuang-yong Rd., Nanning, 530021, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environment and Health Research, Guangxi Medical University, 22 Shuang-yong Rd., Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Xiang Yi
- Toxicology Department, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, 22 Shuang-yong Rd., Nanning, 530021, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environment and Health Research, Guangxi Medical University, 22 Shuang-yong Rd., Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Michael Aschner
- The Department of Molecular Pharmacology at Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Yue-Ming Jiang
- Toxicology Department, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, 22 Shuang-yong Rd., Nanning, 530021, China.
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environment and Health Research, Guangxi Medical University, 22 Shuang-yong Rd., Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China.
| | - Shao-Jun Li
- Toxicology Department, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, 22 Shuang-yong Rd., Nanning, 530021, China.
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environment and Health Research, Guangxi Medical University, 22 Shuang-yong Rd., Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China.
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2
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Rallapalli H, McCall EC, Koretsky AP. Genetic control of MRI contrast using the manganese transporter Zip14. Magn Reson Med 2024; 92:820-835. [PMID: 38573932 PMCID: PMC11142883 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.29993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Gene-expression reporter systems, such as green fluorescent protein, have been instrumental to understanding biological processes in living organisms at organ system, tissue, cell, and molecular scales. More than 30 years of work on developing MRI-visible gene-expression reporter systems has resulted in a variety of clever application-specific methods. However, these techniques have not yet been widely adopted, so a general-purpose expression reporter is still required. Here, we demonstrate that the manganese ion transporter Zip14 is an in vivo MRI-visible, flexible, and robust gene-expression reporter to meet this need. METHODS Plasmid constructs consisting of a cell type-specific promoter, gene coding for human Zip14, and a histology-visible tag were packaged into adeno-associated viruses. These viruses were intracranially injected into the mouse brain. Serial in vivo MRI was performed using a vendor-supplied 3D-MPRAGE sequence. No additional contrast agents were administered. Animals were sacrificed after the last imaging timepoint for immunohistological validation. RESULTS Neuron-specific overexpression of Zip14 produced substantial and long-lasting changes in MRI contrast. Using appropriate viruses enabled both anterograde and retrograde neural tracing. Expression of Zip14 in astrocytes also enabled MRI of glia populations in the living mammalian brain. CONCLUSIONS The flexibility of this system as an MRI-visible gene-expression reporter will enable many applications of serial, high-resolution imaging of gene expression for basic science and therapy development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harikrishna Rallapalli
- Section on Plasticity and Imaging of the Nervous System, NINDS/NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Eleanor C McCall
- Section on Plasticity and Imaging of the Nervous System, NINDS/NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Alan P Koretsky
- Section on Plasticity and Imaging of the Nervous System, NINDS/NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
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3
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Gao Y, Liu S, Huang Y, Li F, Zhang Y. Regulation of anti-tumor immunity by metal ion in the tumor microenvironment. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1379365. [PMID: 38915413 PMCID: PMC11194341 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1379365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Metal ions play an essential role in regulating the functions of immune cells by transmitting intracellular and extracellular signals in tumor microenvironment (TME). Among these immune cells, we focused on the impact of metal ions on T cells because they can recognize and kill cancer cells and play an important role in immune-based cancer treatment. Metal ions are often used in nanomedicines for tumor immunotherapy. In this review, we discuss seven metal ions related to anti-tumor immunity, elucidate their roles in immunotherapy, and provide novel insights into tumor immunotherapy and clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaoxin Gao
- Biotherapy Center & Cancer Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Shasha Liu
- Biotherapy Center & Cancer Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yifan Huang
- Biotherapy Center & Cancer Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Feng Li
- Biotherapy Center & Cancer Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Biotherapy Center & Cancer Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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4
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Fan RZ, Sportelli C, Lai Y, Salehe S, Pinnell JR, Richardson JR, Luo S, Tieu K. A partial Drp1 knockout improves autophagy flux independent of mitochondrial function. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.06.29.547095. [PMID: 37425803 PMCID: PMC10327068 DOI: 10.1101/2023.06.29.547095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
Dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1) is typically known for its role in mitochondrial fission. A partial inhibition of this protein has been reported to be protective in experimental models of neurodegenerative diseases. The protective mechanism has been attributed primarily to improved mitochondrial function. Herein, we provide evidence showing that a partial Drp1-knockout improves autophagy flux independent of mitochondria. First, we characterized in cell and animal models that at low non-toxic concentrations, manganese (Mn), which causes parkinsonian-like symptoms in humans, impaired autophagy flux but not mitochondrial function and morphology. Furthermore, nigral dopaminergic neurons were more sensitive than their neighbouring GABAergic counterparts. Second, in cells with a partial Drp1-knockdown and Drp1 +/- mice, autophagy impairment induced by Mn was significantly attenuated. This study demonstrates that autophagy is a more vulnerable target than mitochondria to Mn toxicity. Furthermore, improving autophagy flux is a separate mechanism conferred by Drp1 inhibition independent of mitochondrial fission.
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5
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Werner E, Gokhale A, Ackert M, Xu C, Wen Z, Roberts AM, Roberts BR, Vrailas-Mortimer A, Crocker A, Faundez V. The mitochondrial RNA granule modulates manganese-dependent cell toxicity. Mol Biol Cell 2022; 33:ar108. [PMID: 35921164 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e22-03-0096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Prolonged manganese exposure causes manganism, a neurodegenerative movement disorder. The identity of adaptive and nonadaptive cellular processes targeted by manganese remains mostly unexplored. Here we study mechanisms engaged by manganese in genetic cellular models known to increase susceptibility to manganese exposure, the plasma membrane manganese efflux transporter SLC30A10 and the mitochondrial Parkinson's gene PARK2. We found that SLC30A10 and PARK2 mutations as well as manganese exposure compromised the mitochondrial RNA granule composition and function, resulting in disruption of mitochondrial transcript processing. These RNA granule defects led to impaired assembly and function of the mitochondrial respiratory chain. Notably, cells that survived a cytotoxic manganese challenge had impaired RNA granule function, thus suggesting that this granule phenotype was adaptive. CRISPR gene editing of subunits of the mitochondrial RNA granule, FASTKD2 or DHX30, as well as pharmacological inhibition of mitochondrial transcription-translation, were protective rather than deleterious for survival of cells acutely exposed to manganese. Similarly, adult Drosophila mutants with defects in the mitochondrial RNA granule component scully were safeguarded from manganese-induced mortality. We conclude that impairment of the mitochondrial RNA granule function is a protective mechanism for acute manganese toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Werner
- Department of Cell Biology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322
| | - A Gokhale
- Department of Cell Biology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322
| | - M Ackert
- School of Biological Sciences, Illinois State University, Normal, IL 617901
| | - C Xu
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322
| | - Z Wen
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322
| | - A M Roberts
- Department of Biochemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322
| | - B R Roberts
- Department of Biochemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322
| | - A Vrailas-Mortimer
- School of Biological Sciences, Illinois State University, Normal, IL 617901
| | - A Crocker
- Program in Neuroscience, Middlebury College, Middlebury, VT 05753
| | - V Faundez
- Department of Cell Biology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322
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6
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Manganese-Induced Toxicity in C. elegans: What Can We Learn from the Transcriptome? Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231810748. [PMID: 36142660 PMCID: PMC9502620 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231810748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Manganese (Mn) is an essential ubiquitous transition metal and, when occupationally or environmentally overexposed, a well-known risk factor for several neurological pathologies. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying Mn-induced neurotoxicity are largely unknown. In this study, addressing RNA-Seq analysis, bioavailability and survival assays, key pathways of transcriptional responses to Mn overexposure were investigated in the model organism Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans), providing insights into the Mn-induced cellular stress and damage response. Comparative transcriptome analyses identified a large number of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in nematodes exposed to MnCl2, and functional annotation suggested oxidative nucleotide damage, unfolded protein response and innate immunity as major damage response pathways. Additionally, a time-dependent increase in the transcriptional response after MnCl2 exposure was identified by means of increased numbers of DEGs, indicating a time-dependent response and activation of the stress responses in Mn neurotoxicity. The data provided here represent a powerful transcriptomic resource in the field of Mn toxicity, and therefore, this study provides a useful basis for further planning of targeted mechanistic studies of Mn-induced neurotoxicity that are urgently needed in the face of increasing industrially caused environmental pollution with Mn.
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7
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Rozenberg JM, Kamynina M, Sorokin M, Zolotovskaia M, Koroleva E, Kremenchutckaya K, Gudkov A, Buzdin A, Borisov N. The Role of the Metabolism of Zinc and Manganese Ions in Human Cancerogenesis. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10051072. [PMID: 35625809 PMCID: PMC9139143 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10051072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Revised: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Metal ion homeostasis is fundamental for life. Specifically, transition metals iron, manganese and zinc play a pivotal role in mitochondrial metabolism and energy generation, anti-oxidation defense, transcriptional regulation and the immune response. The misregulation of expression or mutations in ion carriers and the corresponding changes in Mn2+ and Zn2+ levels suggest that these ions play a pivotal role in cancer progression. Moreover, coordinated changes in Mn2+ and Zn2+ ion carriers have been detected, suggesting that particular mechanisms influenced by both ions might be required for the growth of cancer cells, metastasis and immune evasion. Here, we present a review of zinc and manganese pathophysiology suggesting that these ions might cooperatively regulate cancerogenesis. Zn and Mn effects converge on mitochondria-induced apoptosis, transcriptional regulation and the cGAS-STING signaling pathway, mediating the immune response. Both Zn and Mn influence cancer progression and impact treatment efficacy in animal models and clinical trials. We predict that novel strategies targeting the regulation of both Zn and Mn in cancer will complement current therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian Markovich Rozenberg
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, National Research University, 141700 Moscow, Russia; (M.S.); (M.Z.); (E.K.); (K.K.); (A.B.); (N.B.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Margarita Kamynina
- Group of Experimental Biotherapy and Diagnostic, Institute for Regenerative Medicine, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (M.K.); (A.G.)
| | - Maksim Sorokin
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, National Research University, 141700 Moscow, Russia; (M.S.); (M.Z.); (E.K.); (K.K.); (A.B.); (N.B.)
- Group of Experimental Biotherapy and Diagnostic, Institute for Regenerative Medicine, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (M.K.); (A.G.)
| | - Marianna Zolotovskaia
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, National Research University, 141700 Moscow, Russia; (M.S.); (M.Z.); (E.K.); (K.K.); (A.B.); (N.B.)
- OmicsWay Corporation, Walnut, CA 91789, USA
| | - Elena Koroleva
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, National Research University, 141700 Moscow, Russia; (M.S.); (M.Z.); (E.K.); (K.K.); (A.B.); (N.B.)
| | - Kristina Kremenchutckaya
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, National Research University, 141700 Moscow, Russia; (M.S.); (M.Z.); (E.K.); (K.K.); (A.B.); (N.B.)
| | - Alexander Gudkov
- Group of Experimental Biotherapy and Diagnostic, Institute for Regenerative Medicine, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (M.K.); (A.G.)
| | - Anton Buzdin
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, National Research University, 141700 Moscow, Russia; (M.S.); (M.Z.); (E.K.); (K.K.); (A.B.); (N.B.)
- Group of Experimental Biotherapy and Diagnostic, Institute for Regenerative Medicine, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (M.K.); (A.G.)
- OmicsWay Corporation, Walnut, CA 91789, USA
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997 Moscow, Russia
- Oncobox Ltd., 121205 Moscow, Russia
| | - Nicolas Borisov
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, National Research University, 141700 Moscow, Russia; (M.S.); (M.Z.); (E.K.); (K.K.); (A.B.); (N.B.)
- OmicsWay Corporation, Walnut, CA 91789, USA
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8
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Mechanistic studies on the adverse effects of manganese overexposure in differentiated LUHMES cells. Food Chem Toxicol 2022; 161:112822. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2022.112822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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9
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Ginefra P, Carrasco Hope H, Spagna M, Zecchillo A, Vannini N. Ionic Regulation of T-Cell Function and Anti-Tumour Immunity. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222413668. [PMID: 34948472 PMCID: PMC8705279 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222413668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The capacity of T cells to identify and kill cancer cells has become a central pillar of immune-based cancer therapies. However, T cells are characterized by a dysfunctional state in most tumours. A major obstacle for proper T-cell function is the metabolic constraints posed by the tumour microenvironment (TME). In the TME, T cells compete with cancer cells for macronutrients (sugar, proteins, and lipid) and micronutrients (vitamins and minerals/ions). While the role of macronutrients in T-cell activation and function is well characterized, the contribution of micronutrients and especially ions in anti-tumour T-cell activities is still under investigation. Notably, ions are important for most of the signalling pathways regulating T-cell anti-tumour function. In this review, we discuss the role of six biologically relevant ions in T-cell function and in anti-tumour immunity, elucidating potential strategies to adopt to improve immunotherapy via modulation of ion metabolism.
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Effects of Manganese on Genomic Integrity in the Multicellular Model Organism Caenorhabditis elegans. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222010905. [PMID: 34681565 PMCID: PMC8535284 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222010905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2021] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Although manganese (Mn) is an essential trace element, overexposure is associated with Mn-induced toxicity and neurological dysfunction. Even though Mn-induced oxidative stress is discussed extensively, neither the underlying mechanisms of the potential consequences of Mn-induced oxidative stress on DNA damage and DNA repair, nor the possibly resulting toxicity are characterized yet. In this study, we use the model organism Caenorhabditis elegans to investigate the mode of action of Mn toxicity, focusing on genomic integrity by means of DNA damage and DNA damage response. Experiments were conducted to analyze Mn bioavailability, lethality, and induction of DNA damage. Different deletion mutant strains were then used to investigate the role of base excision repair (BER) and dePARylation (DNA damage response) proteins in Mn-induced toxicity. The results indicate a dose- and time-dependent uptake of Mn, resulting in increased lethality. Excessive exposure to Mn decreases genomic integrity and activates BER. Altogether, this study characterizes the consequences of Mn exposure on genomic integrity and therefore broadens the molecular understanding of pathways underlying Mn-induced toxicity. Additionally, studying the basal poly(ADP-ribosylation) (PARylation) of worms lacking poly(ADP-ribose) glycohydrolase (PARG) parg-1 or parg-2 (two orthologue of PARG), indicates that parg-1 accounts for most of the glycohydrolase activity in worms.
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11
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Tinkov AA, Martins AC, Avila DS, Gritsenko VA, Skalny AV, Santamaria A, Lee E, Bowman AB, Aschner M. Gut Microbiota as a Potential Player in Mn-Induced Neurotoxicity. Biomolecules 2021; 11:1292. [PMID: 34572505 PMCID: PMC8469589 DOI: 10.3390/biom11091292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Manganese (Mn) is an essential metal, which at high exposures causes neurotoxic effects and neurodegeneration. The neurotoxic effects of Mn are mediated by neuroinflammation, oxidative and endoplasmic reticulum stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and other mechanisms. Recent findings have demonstrated the potential impact of Mn overexposure on gut microbiota dysbiosis, which is known to contribute to neurodegeneration via secretion of neuroactive and proinflammatory metabolites. Therefore, in this review, we discuss the existing data on the impact of Mn exposure on gut microbiota biodiversity, bacterial metabolite production, and gut wall permeability regulating systemic levels. Recent data have demonstrated that Mn exposure may affect gut microbiota biodiversity by altering the abundance of Shiegella, Ruminococcus, Dorea, Fusicatenibacter, Roseburia, Parabacteroides, Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, Ruminococcaceae, Streptococcaceae, and other bacterial phyla. A Mn-induced increase in Bacteroidetes abundance and a reduced Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio may increase lipopolysaccharide levels. Moreover, in addition to increased systemic lipopolysaccharide (LPS) levels, Mn is capable of potentiating LPS neurotoxicity. Due to the high metabolic activity of intestinal microflora, Mn-induced perturbations in gut microbiota result in a significant alteration in the gut metabolome that has the potential to at least partially mediate the biological effects of Mn overexposure. At the same time, a recent study demonstrated that healthy microbiome transplantation alleviates Mn-induced neurotoxicity, which is indicative of the significant role of gut microflora in the cascade of Mn-mediated neurotoxicity. High doses of Mn may cause enterocyte toxicity and affect gut wall integrity through disruption of tight junctions. The resulting increase in gut wall permeability further promotes increased translocation of LPS and neuroactive bacterial metabolites to the systemic blood flow, ultimately gaining access to the brain and leading to neuroinflammation and neurotransmitter imbalance. Therefore, the existing data lead us to hypothesize that gut microbiota should be considered as a potential target of Mn toxicity, although more detailed studies are required to characterize the interplay between Mn exposure and the gut, as well as its role in the pathogenesis of neurodegeneration and other diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexey A. Tinkov
- Laboratory of Ecobiomonitoring and Quality Control, Yaroslavl State University, 150003 Yaroslavl, Russia;
- Laboratory of Molecular Dietetics, IM Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119435 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Airton C. Martins
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA;
| | - Daiana Silva Avila
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Toxicoology in Caenorhabditis elegans, Universidade Federal do Pampa, Campus Uruguaiana, BR-472 Km 592, Uruguaiana 97500-970, RS, Brazil;
| | - Victor A. Gritsenko
- Institute of Cellular and Intracellular Symbiosis, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Pionerskaya st 11, 460000 Orenburg, Russia;
| | - Anatoly V. Skalny
- Laboratory of Molecular Dietetics, IM Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119435 Moscow, Russia;
- Laboratory of Medical Elementology, KG Razumovsky Moscow State University of Technologies and Management, 109004 Moscow, Russia
| | - Abel Santamaria
- Laboratorio de Aminoácidos Excitadores, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía, Mexico City 14269, Mexico;
| | - Eunsook Lee
- College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL 32307, USA;
| | - Aaron B. Bowman
- School of Health Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA;
| | - Michael Aschner
- Laboratory of Molecular Dietetics, IM Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119435 Moscow, Russia;
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA;
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12
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Morcillo P, Cordero H, Ijomone OM, Ayodele A, Bornhorst J, Gunther L, Macaluso FP, Bowman AB, Aschner M. Defective Mitochondrial Dynamics Underlie Manganese-Induced Neurotoxicity. Mol Neurobiol 2021; 58:3270-3289. [PMID: 33666854 PMCID: PMC9009155 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-021-02341-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Perturbations in mitochondrial dynamics have been observed in most neurodegenerative diseases. Here, we focus on manganese (Mn)-induced Parkinsonism-like neurodegeneration, a disorder associated with the preferential of Mn in the basal ganglia where the mitochondria are considered an early target. Despite the extensive characterization of the clinical presentation of manganism, the mechanism by which Mn mediated mitochondrial toxicity is unclear. In this study we hypothesized whether Mn exposure alters mitochondrial activity, including axonal transport of mitochondria and mitochondrial dynamics, morphology, and network. Using primary neuron cultures exposed to 100 μM Mn (which is considered the threshold of Mn toxicity in vitro) and intraperitoneal injections of MnCl2 (25mg/kg) in rat, we observed that Mn increased mitochondrial fission mediated by phosphorylation of dynamin-related protein-1 at serine 616 (p-s616-DRP1) and decreased mitochondrial fusion proteins (MFN1 and MFN2) leading to mitochondrial fragmentation, defects in mitochondrial respiratory capacity, and mitochondrial ultrastructural damage in vivo and in vitro. Furthermore, Mn exposure impaired mitochondrial trafficking by decreasing dynactin (DCTN1) and kinesin-1 (KIF5B) motor proteins and increasing destabilization of the cytoskeleton at protein and gene levels. In addition, mitochondrial communication may also be altered by Mn exposure, increasing the length of nanotunnels to reach out distal mitochondria. These findings revealed an unrecognized role of Mn in dysregulation of mitochondrial dynamics providing a potential explanation of early hallmarks of the disorder, as well as a possible common pathway with neurological disorders arising upon chronic Mn exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Morcillo
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA.
| | - Hector Cordero
- Columbia Center for Translational Immunology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Omamuyovwi M Ijomone
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
- The Neuro-Lab, School of Health and Health Technology, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria
| | - Akinyemi Ayodele
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Julia Bornhorst
- Food Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Wuppertal, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Leslie Gunther
- Analytical Imaging Facility, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Frank P Macaluso
- Analytical Imaging Facility, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Aaron B Bowman
- School of Health Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Michael Aschner
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA.
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Weng N, Guagliardo P, Jiang H, Wang WX. NanoSIMS Imaging of Bioaccumulation and Subcellular Distribution of Manganese During Oyster Gametogenesis. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2021; 55:8223-8235. [PMID: 34032398 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.1c02393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Many bivalve mollusks display remarkable sex differentiation of gonadal accumulation of manganese (Mn), but the underlying processes responsible for such differences have seldom been explored. In this study, the accumulation of Mn in male and female gonads during the reproductive cycle of oysters was first examined, and the distributions of Mn in oocytes and sperm cells at different developmental stages were imaged by the nanoscale secondary ion mass spectrometry (NanoSIMS) at the subcellular level. We found that the distribution and accumulation of Mn during oogenesis were closely associated with the formation and translocation of cortical granules. This is the first time that the enrichment of Mn was directly visualized in cortical granules, which was identified as the major storage site of Mn in oocytes of oysters. Yolk granules were revealed as another storage pool of Mn in oyster oocytes with lower accumulation. In contrast, Mn was mainly distributed in the nucleus of sperm cells with accumulation levels much lower than those in cortical and yolk granules of oocytes. These results demonstrated great differences of the subcellular localization and accumulation capacity of Mn between oocytes and sperm cells in oysters, implying the sex differentiation in susceptibility of reproductive response to Mn stress. Our study also highlights the importance of gender difference in future biomonitoring and ecotoxicological studies of Mn in marine bivalves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nanyan Weng
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
- Research Centre for the Oceans and Human Health, City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen 518057, China
| | - Paul Guagliardo
- Centre for Microscopy, Characterisation and Analysis, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia 6009, Australia
| | - Haibo Jiang
- Centre for Microscopy, Characterisation and Analysis, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia 6009, Australia
- School of Molecular Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia 6009, Australia
| | - Wen-Xiong Wang
- Research Centre for the Oceans and Human Health, City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen 518057, China
- School of Energy and Environment and State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution, Hong Kong Branch of the Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
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14
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Pajarillo E, Nyarko-Danquah I, Adinew G, Rizor A, Aschner M, Lee E. Neurotoxicity mechanisms of manganese in the central nervous system. ADVANCES IN NEUROTOXICOLOGY 2021; 5:215-238. [PMID: 34263091 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ant.2020.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Edward Pajarillo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL, United States
| | - Ivan Nyarko-Danquah
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL, United States
| | - Getinet Adinew
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL, United States
| | - Asha Rizor
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL, United States
| | - Michael Aschner
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States
| | - Eunsook Lee
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL, United States
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15
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Rivera-Mancía S, Tristán-López L, Hernández-Díaz K, Rivera-Espinosa L, Ríos C, Montes S. In vitro inhibition of brain phosphate-activated glutaminase by ammonia and manganese. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2020; 62:126625. [PMID: 32717575 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2020.126625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Revised: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION As a consequence of the loss of liver function in chronic liver disease, increased levels of ammonia, manganese, and glutamine have been observed in the brain of hepatic encephalopathy patients. OBJECTIVE In the present study, we explored phosphate activated glutaminase (PAG) activity in mitochondrial enriched fractions under treatment with ammonia and manganese. METHODS We dissected out the brain cortex, striatum, and cerebellum of male Wistar rats 250-280 g weight; brain sections were pooled to obtain enriched mitochondrial fractions by differential centrifugation. Aliquots equivalent to 200 μg of protein were incubated with semi-log increasing concentrations of ammonia and/or manganese both as chloride salts (from 0 to 10 000 μM) and glutamine (4 mM) for 30 min. Then, the glutamate produced by the reaction was determined by HPLC coupled with fluorescence detection. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Both manganese and ammonia inhibited PAG in a concentration-dependent manner. Non-linear modeling was used to determine IC50 and IC20 for ammonia (120 μM) and manganese (2 mM). We found that PAG activity under the combination of IC20 of ammonia and manganese was equivalent to the sum of the effects of both substances, being PAG inhibition more pronounced in mitochondrial fractions from cerebellum. The PAG inhibition observed here could potentially explain a pathway for glutamine accumulation, by means of the inhibition of PAG activity as a consequence of increased concentrations of manganese and ammonia in the brain under liver damage conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susana Rivera-Mancía
- CONACYT- National Institute of Cardiology "Ignacio Chávez", Juan Badiano 1, Sección XVI, Tlalpan, CDMX, 14080, Mexico
| | - Luis Tristán-López
- Neurochemistry Department, National Institute of Neurology and Neurosurgery "Manuel Velasco Suárez", Insurgentes sur 3877, La Fama, Tlalpan, CDMX, 14269, Mexico
| | - Karen Hernández-Díaz
- Neurochemistry Department, National Institute of Neurology and Neurosurgery "Manuel Velasco Suárez", Insurgentes sur 3877, La Fama, Tlalpan, CDMX, 14269, Mexico
| | - Liliana Rivera-Espinosa
- Pharmacology Department, National Institute of Pediatrics, Iman Avenue 1, Insurgentes Cuicuilco, Coyoacán, CDMX, 04530, Mexico
| | - Camilo Ríos
- Neurochemistry Department, National Institute of Neurology and Neurosurgery "Manuel Velasco Suárez", Insurgentes sur 3877, La Fama, Tlalpan, CDMX, 14269, Mexico
| | - Sergio Montes
- Neurochemistry Department, National Institute of Neurology and Neurosurgery "Manuel Velasco Suárez", Insurgentes sur 3877, La Fama, Tlalpan, CDMX, 14269, Mexico.
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16
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Hernández RB, Carrascal M, Abian J, Michalke B, Farina M, Gonzalez YR, Iyirhiaro GO, Moteshareie H, Burnside D, Golshani A, Suñol C. Manganese-induced neurotoxicity in cerebellar granule neurons due to perturbation of cell network pathways with potential implications for neurodegenerative disorders. Metallomics 2020; 12:1656-1678. [PMID: 33206086 DOI: 10.1039/d0mt00085j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Manganese (Mn) is essential for living organisms, playing an important role in nervous system function. Nevertheless, chronic and/or acute exposure to this metal, especially during early life stages, can lead to neurotoxicity and dementia by unclear mechanisms. Thus, based on previous works of our group with yeast and zebrafish, we hypothesized that the mechanisms mediating manganese-induced neurotoxicity can be associated with the alteration of protein metabolism. These mechanisms may also depend on the chemical speciation of manganese. Therefore, the current study aimed at investigating the mechanisms mediating the toxic effects of manganese in primary cultures of cerebellar granule neurons (CGNs). By exposing cultured CGNs to different chemical species of manganese ([[2-[(dithiocarboxy)amino]ethyl]carbamodithioato]](2-)-kS,kS']manganese, named maneb (MB), and [[1,2-ethanediylbis[carbamodithioato]](2-)]manganese mixture with [[1,2-ethanediylbis[carbamodithioato]](2-)]zinc, named mancozeb (MZ), and manganese chloride (MnCl2)), and using the MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay, we observed that both MB and MZ induced similar cytotoxicity (LC50∼ 7-9 μM), which was higher than that of MnCl2 (LC50∼ 27 μM). Subsequently, we applied systems biology approaches, including metallomics, proteomics, gene expression and bioinformatics, and revealed that independent of chemical speciation, for non-cytotoxic concentrations (0.3-3 μM), Mn-induced neurotoxicity in CGNs is associated with metal dyshomeostasis and impaired protein metabolism. In this way, we verified that MB induced more post-translational alterations than MnCl2, which can be a plausible explanation for cytotoxic differences between both chemical species. The metabolism of proteins is one of the most energy consuming cellular processes and its impairment appears to be a key event of some cellular stress processes reported separately in other studies such as cell cycle arrest, energy impairment, cell signaling, excitotoxicity, immune response, potential protein accumulation and apoptosis. Interestingly, we verified that Mn-induced neurotoxicity shares pathways associated with the development of Alzheimer's disease, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, Huntington's disease, and Parkinson's disease. This has been observed in baker's yeast and zebrafish suggesting that the mode of action of Mn may be evolutionarily conserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raúl Bonne Hernández
- Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Environmental Toxicology - LABITA, Department of Exact and Earth Sciences, Federal University of São Paulo, Rua Prof. Artur Riedel, 275, CEP 09972-270, Diadema, SP, Brazil.
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17
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Warren EB, Bryan MR, Morcillo P, Hardeman KN, Aschner M, Bowman AB. Manganese-induced Mitochondrial Dysfunction Is Not Detectable at Exposures Below the Acute Cytotoxic Threshold in Neuronal Cell Types. Toxicol Sci 2020; 176:446-459. [PMID: 32492146 PMCID: PMC7416316 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfaa079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Manganese (Mn) is an essential metal, but excessive exposures have been well-documented to culminate in neurotoxicity. Curiously, the precise mechanisms of Mn neurotoxicity are still unknown. One hypothesis suggests that Mn exerts its toxicity by inhibiting mitochondrial function, which then (if exposure levels are high and long enough) leads to cell death. Here, we used a Huntington's disease cell model with known differential sensitivities to manganese-STHdhQ7/Q7 and STHdhQ111/Q111 cells-to examine the effects of acute Mn exposure on mitochondrial function. We determined toxicity thresholds for each cell line using both changes in cell number and caspase-3/7 activation. We used a range of acute Mn exposures (0-300 µM), both above and below the cytotoxic threshold, to evaluate mitochondria-associated metabolic balance, mitochondrial respiration, and substrate dependence. In both cell lines, we observed no effect on markers of mitochondrial function at subtoxic Mn exposures (below detectable levels of cell death), yet at supratoxic exposures (above detectable levels of cell death) mitochondrial function significantly declined. We validated these findings in primary striatal neurons. In cell lines, we further observed that subtoxic Mn concentrations do not affect glycolytic function or major intracellular metabolite quantities. These data suggest that in this system, Mn exposure impairs mitochondrial function only at concentrations coincident with or above the initiation of cell death and is not consistent with the hypothesis that mitochondrial dysfunction precedes or induces Mn cytotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily B Warren
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232
| | - Miles R Bryan
- Departments of Pediatrics and Neurology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee 37232
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232
| | - Patricia Morcillo
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461
| | - Keisha N Hardeman
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232
- Vanderbilt Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee 37232
| | - Michael Aschner
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461
| | - Aaron B Bowman
- Departments of Pediatrics and Neurology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee 37232
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232
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18
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Zhang Z, Yan J, Bowman AB, Bryan MR, Singh R, Aschner M. Dysregulation of TFEB contributes to manganese-induced autophagic failure and mitochondrial dysfunction in astrocytes. Autophagy 2020; 16:1506-1523. [PMID: 31690173 PMCID: PMC7469609 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2019.1688488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Revised: 10/09/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Epidemiological and clinical studies have long shown that exposure to high levels of heavy metals are associated with increased risks of neurodegenerative diseases. It is widely accepted that autophagic dysfunction is involved in pathogenesis of various neurodegenerative disorders; however, the role of heavy metals in regulation of macroautophagy/autophagy is unclear. Here, we show that manganese (Mn) induces a decline in nuclear localization of TFEB (transcription factor EB), a master regulator of the autophagy-lysosome pathway, leading to autophagic dysfunction in astrocytes of mouse striatum. We further show that Mn exposure suppresses autophagic-lysosomal degradation of mitochondria and induces accumulation of unhealthy mitochondria. Activation of autophagy by rapamycin or TFEB overexpression ameliorates Mn-induced mitochondrial respiratory dysfunction and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation in astrocytes, suggesting a causal relation between autophagic failure and mitochondrial dysfunction in Mn toxicity. Taken together, our data demonstrate that Mn inhibits TFEB activity, leading to impaired autophagy that is causally related to mitochondrial dysfunction in astrocytes. These findings reveal a previously unappreciated role for Mn in dysregulation of autophagy and identify TFEB as a potential therapeutic target to mitigate Mn toxicity. ABBREVIATIONS BECN1: beclin 1; CTSD: cathepsin D; DMEM: Dulbecco's Modified Eagle Medium; GFAP: glial fibrillary acid protein; GFP: green fluorescent protein; HBSS: hanks balanced salt solution; LAMP: lysosomal-associated membrane protein; LDH: lactate dehydrogenase; Lys Inh: lysosomal inhibitors; MAP1LC3/LC3: microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3; MAPK: mitogen-activated protein kinase; Mn: manganese; MTOR: mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase; OCR: oxygen consumption rate; PBS: phosphate-buffered saline; PFA: paraformaldehyde; PI: propidium iodide; ROS: reactive oxygen species; s.c.: subcutaneous; SQSTM1/p62: sequestosome 1; TEM: transmission electron microscopy; TFEB: transcription factor EB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyan Zhang
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Jingqi Yan
- Dominick P. Purpura Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Aaron B. Bowman
- School of Health Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Miles R. Bryan
- Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Department of Neurology and Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Rajat Singh
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
- Department of Medicine
- Diabetes Research Center
- Institute for Aging Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Michael Aschner
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
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19
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Qi Z, Yang X, Sang Y, Liu Y, Li J, Xu B, Liu W, He M, Xu Z, Deng Y, Zhu J. Fluoxetine and Riluzole Mitigates Manganese-Induced Disruption of Glutamate Transporters and Excitotoxicity via Ephrin-A3/GLAST-GLT-1/Glu Signaling Pathway in Striatum of Mice. Neurotox Res 2020; 38:508-523. [PMID: 32472497 DOI: 10.1007/s12640-020-00209-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Manganese (Mn) is an essential element required for many biological processes and systems in the human body. Mn intoxication increases brain glutamate (Glu) levels causing neuronal damage. Recent studies have reported that ephrin-A3 regulates this glutamate transporter. However, none has explored the role of this crucial molecule in Mn-induced excitotoxicity. The present study investigated whether ephrin-A3/GLAST-GLT-1/Glu signaling pathway participates in Mn-induced excitotoxicity using astrocytes and Kunming mice. The mechanisms were explored using fluoxetine (ephrin-A3 inhibitor) and riluzole (a Glu release inhibitor). Firstly, we demonstrated that Mn exposure (500 μM or 50 mg/kg MnCl2) significantly increased Mn, ephrin-A3, and Glu levels, and inhibited Na+-K+ ATPase activity, as well as mRNA and protein levels of GLAST and GLT-1. Secondly, we found that astrocytes and mice pretreated with fluoxetine (100 μM or 15 mg/kg) and riluzole (100 μM or 32 μmol/kg) prior to Mn exposure had lower ephrin-A3 and Glu levels, but higher Na+-K+ ATPase activity, expression levels of GLAST and GLT-1 than those exposed to 500 μM or 50 mg/kg MnCl2. Moreover, the morphology of cells and the histomorphology of mice striatum were injured. Results showed that pretreatment with fluoxetine and riluzole attenuated the Mn-induced motor dysfunctions. Together, these results suggest that the ephrin-A3/GLAST-GLT-1/Glu signaling pathway participates in Mn-induced excitotoxicity, and fluoxetine and riluzole can mitigate the Mn-induced excitotoxicity in mice brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhipeng Qi
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, No.77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110122, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinxin Yang
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, No.77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110122, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanqi Sang
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, No.77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110122, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanan Liu
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, No.77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110122, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiashuo Li
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, No.77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110122, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Xu
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, No.77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110122, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, No.77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110122, People's Republic of China
| | - Miao He
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, No.77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110122, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhaofa Xu
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, No.77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110122, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Deng
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, No.77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110122, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jinghai Zhu
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, No.77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110122, People's Republic of China.
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20
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Horning KJ, Joshi P, Nitin R, Balachandran RC, Yanko FM, Kim K, Christov P, Aschner M, Sulikowski GA, Weaver CD, Bowman AB. Identification of a selective manganese ionophore that enables nonlethal quantification of cellular manganese. J Biol Chem 2020; 295:3875-3890. [PMID: 32047113 PMCID: PMC7086026 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra119.009781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Revised: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Available assays for measuring cellular manganese (Mn) levels require cell lysis, restricting longitudinal experiments and multiplexed outcome measures. Conducting a screen of small molecules known to alter cellular Mn levels, we report here that one of these chemicals induces rapid Mn efflux. We describe this activity and the development and implementation of an assay centered on this small molecule, named manganese-extracting small molecule (MESM). Using inductively-coupled plasma-MS, we validated that this assay, termed here "manganese-extracting small molecule estimation route" (MESMER), can accurately assess Mn in mammalian cells. Furthermore, we found evidence that MESM acts as a Mn-selective ionophore, and we observed that it has increased rates of Mn membrane transport, reduced cytotoxicity, and increased selectivity for Mn over calcium compared with two established Mn ionophores, calcimycin (A23187) and ionomycin. Finally, we applied MESMER to test whether prior Mn exposures subsequently affect cellular Mn levels. We found that cells receiving continuous, elevated extracellular Mn accumulate less Mn than cells receiving equally-elevated Mn for the first time for 24 h, indicating a compensatory cellular homeostatic response. Use of the MESMER assay versus a comparable detergent lysis-based assay, cellular Fura-2 Mn extraction assay, reduced the number of cells and materials required for performing a similar but cell lethality-based experiment to 25% of the normally required sample size. We conclude that MESMER can accurately quantify cellular Mn levels in two independent cells lines through an ionophore-based mechanism, maintaining cell viability and enabling longitudinal assessment within the same cultures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle J. Horning
- Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232
| | - Piyush Joshi
- Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232
| | - Rachana Nitin
- Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232
| | | | - Frank M. Yanko
- School of Health Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | - Kwangho Kim
- Vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232,Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235
| | - Plamen Christov
- Vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232
| | - Michael Aschner
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461
| | - Gary A. Sulikowski
- Vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232,Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235,Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37212
| | - C. David Weaver
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235,Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37212
| | - Aaron B. Bowman
- Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232,School of Health Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, To whom correspondence should be addressed:
Purdue University, 550 Stadium Mall Dr., HAMP 1173A, West Lafayette, IN 47907-2051. E-mail:
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21
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Al-Sandaqchi AT, Brignell C, Collingwood JF, Geraki K, Mirkes EM, Kong K, Castellanos M, May ST, Stevenson CW, Elsheikha HM. Metallome of cerebrovascular endothelial cells infected with Toxoplasma gondii using μ-XRF imaging and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Metallomics 2019; 10:1401-1414. [PMID: 30183049 DOI: 10.1039/c8mt00136g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we measured the levels of elements in human brain microvascular endothelial cells (ECs) infected with T. gondii. ECs were infected with tachyzoites of the RH strain, and at 6, 24, and 48 hours post infection (hpi), the intracellular concentrations of elements were determined using a synchrotron-microfocus X-ray fluorescence microscopy (μ-XRF) system. This method enabled the quantification of the concentrations of Zn and Ca in infected and uninfected (control) ECs at sub-micron spatial resolution. T. gondii-hosting ECs contained less Zn than uninfected cells only at 48 hpi (p < 0.01). The level of Ca was not significantly different between infected and control cells (p > 0.05). Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) analysis revealed infection-specific metallome profiles characterized by significant increases in the intracellular levels of Zn, Fe, Mn and Cu at 48 hpi (p < 0.01), and significant reductions in the extracellular concentrations of Co, Cu, Mo, V, and Ag at 24 hpi (p < 0.05) compared with control cells. Zn constituted the largest part (74%) of the total metal composition (metallome) of the parasite. Gene expression analysis showed infection-specific upregulation in the expression of five genes, MT1JP, MT1M, MT1E, MT1F, and MT1X, belonging to the metallothionein gene family. These results point to a possible correlation between T. gondii infection and increased expression of MT1 isoforms and altered intracellular levels of elements, especially Zn and Fe. Taken together, a combined μ-XRF and ICP-MS approach is promising for studies of the role of elements in mediating host-parasite interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alaa T Al-Sandaqchi
- School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Loughborough, LE12 5RD, UK
| | - Chris Brignell
- School of Mathematical Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | | | - Kalotina Geraki
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, OX11 0DE, UK
| | - Evgeny M Mirkes
- Mathematics Department, University of Leicester, University Road, Leicester, LE1 7RH, UK
| | - Kenny Kong
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Marcos Castellanos
- Nottingham Arabidopsis Stock Centre, School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Loughborough LE12 5RD, UK
| | - Sean T May
- Nottingham Arabidopsis Stock Centre, School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Loughborough LE12 5RD, UK
| | - Carl W Stevenson
- School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Loughborough, LE12 5RD, UK
| | - Hany M Elsheikha
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Leicestershire, LE12 5RD, UK.
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22
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Harischandra DS, Ghaisas S, Zenitsky G, Jin H, Kanthasamy A, Anantharam V, Kanthasamy AG. Manganese-Induced Neurotoxicity: New Insights Into the Triad of Protein Misfolding, Mitochondrial Impairment, and Neuroinflammation. Front Neurosci 2019; 13:654. [PMID: 31293375 PMCID: PMC6606738 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2019.00654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Occupational or environmental exposure to manganese (Mn) can lead to the development of "Manganism," a neurological condition showing certain motor symptoms similar to Parkinson's disease (PD). Like PD, Mn toxicity is seen in the central nervous system mainly affecting nigrostriatal neuronal circuitry and subsequent behavioral and motor impairments. Since the first report of Mn-induced toxicity in 1837, various experimental and epidemiological studies have been conducted to understand this disorder. While early investigations focused on the impact of high concentrations of Mn on the mitochondria and subsequent oxidative stress, current studies have attempted to elucidate the cellular and molecular pathways involved in Mn toxicity. In fact, recent reports suggest the involvement of Mn in the misfolding of proteins such as α-synuclein and amyloid, thus providing credence to the theory that environmental exposure to toxicants can either initiate or propagate neurodegenerative processes by interfering with disease-specific proteins. Besides manganism and PD, Mn has also been implicated in other neurological diseases such as Huntington's and prion diseases. While many reviews have focused on Mn homeostasis, the aim of this review is to concisely synthesize what we know about its effect primarily on the nervous system with respect to its role in protein misfolding, mitochondrial dysfunction, and consequently, neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration. Based on the current evidence, we propose a 'Mn Mechanistic Neurotoxic Triad' comprising (1) mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress, (2) protein trafficking and misfolding, and (3) neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dilshan S Harischandra
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Parkinson's Disorder Research Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
| | - Shivani Ghaisas
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Parkinson's Disorder Research Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
| | - Gary Zenitsky
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Parkinson's Disorder Research Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
| | - Huajun Jin
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Parkinson's Disorder Research Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
| | - Arthi Kanthasamy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Parkinson's Disorder Research Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
| | - Vellareddy Anantharam
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Parkinson's Disorder Research Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
| | - Anumantha G Kanthasamy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Parkinson's Disorder Research Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
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23
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Chang YK, Huang YP, Liu XX, Ko TP, Bessho Y, Kawano Y, Maestre-Reyna M, Wu WJ, Tsai MD. Human DNA Polymerase μ Can Use a Noncanonical Mechanism for Multiple Mn 2+-Mediated Functions. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:8489-8502. [PMID: 31067051 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b01741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Recent research on the structure and mechanism of DNA polymerases has continued to generate fundamentally important features, including a noncanonical pathway involving "prebinding" of metal-bound dNTP (MdNTP) in the absence of DNA. While this noncanonical mechanism was shown to be a possible subset for African swine fever DNA polymerase X (Pol X) and human Pol λ, it remains unknown whether it could be the primary pathway for a DNA polymerase. Pol μ is a unique member of the X-family with multiple functions and with unusual Mn2+ preference. Here we report that Pol μ not only prebinds MdNTP in a catalytically active conformation but also exerts a Mn2+ over Mg2+ preference at this early stage of catalysis, for various functions: incorporation of dNTP into a single nucleotide gapped DNA, incorporation of rNTP in the nonhomologous end joining (NHEJ) repair, incorporation of dNTP to an ssDNA, and incorporation of an 8-oxo-dGTP opposite template dA (mismatched) or dC (matched). The structural basis of this noncanonical mechanism and Mn2+ over Mg2+ preference in these functions was analyzed by solving 19 structures of prebinding binary complexes, precatalytic ternary complexes, and product complexes. The results suggest that the noncanonical pathway is functionally relevant for the multiple functions of Pol μ. Overall, this work provides the structural and mechanistic basis for the long-standing puzzle in the Mn2+ preference of Pol μ and expands the landscape of the possible mechanisms of DNA polymerases to include both mechanistic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao-Kai Chang
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica , 128 Academia Road Sec. 2 , Nankang, Taipei 115 , Taiwan.,Institute of Biochemical Sciences , National Taiwan University , Taipei 106 , Taiwan
| | - Ya-Ping Huang
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica , 128 Academia Road Sec. 2 , Nankang, Taipei 115 , Taiwan
| | - Xiao-Xia Liu
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica , 128 Academia Road Sec. 2 , Nankang, Taipei 115 , Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Ping Ko
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica , 128 Academia Road Sec. 2 , Nankang, Taipei 115 , Taiwan
| | - Yoshitaka Bessho
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica , 128 Academia Road Sec. 2 , Nankang, Taipei 115 , Taiwan.,RIKEN SPring-8 Center , 1-1-1 Kouto , Sayo , Hyogo 679-5148 , Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Kawano
- RIKEN SPring-8 Center , 1-1-1 Kouto , Sayo , Hyogo 679-5148 , Japan
| | - Manuel Maestre-Reyna
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica , 128 Academia Road Sec. 2 , Nankang, Taipei 115 , Taiwan
| | - Wen-Jin Wu
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica , 128 Academia Road Sec. 2 , Nankang, Taipei 115 , Taiwan
| | - Ming-Daw Tsai
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica , 128 Academia Road Sec. 2 , Nankang, Taipei 115 , Taiwan.,Institute of Biochemical Sciences , National Taiwan University , Taipei 106 , Taiwan
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24
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Adamson SXF, Shen X, Jiang W, Lai V, Wang X, Shannahan JH, Cannon JR, Chen J, Zheng W. Subchronic Manganese Exposure Impairs Neurogenesis in the Adult Rat Hippocampus. Toxicol Sci 2019; 163:592-608. [PMID: 29579278 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfy062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Adult neurogenesis takes place in the brain subventricular zone (SVZ) in the lateral walls of lateral ventricles and subgranular zone (SGZ) in the hippocampal dentate gyrus (HDG), and functions to supply newborn neurons for normal brain functionality. Subchronic Mn exposure is known to disrupt adult neurogenesis in the SVZ. This study was designed to determine whether Mn exposure disturbed neurogenesis within the adult HDG. Adult rats (10 weeks old) received a single dose of bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) at the end of 4-week Mn exposure to label the proliferating cells. Immunostaining and cell counting data showed that BrdU(+) cells in Mn-exposed HDG were about 37% lower than that in the control (p < .05). The majority of BrdU(+) cells were identified as Sox2(+) cells. Another set of adult rats received BrdU injections for 3 consecutive days followed by 2- or 4-week Mn exposure to trace the fate of BrdU-labeled cells in the HDG. The time course studies indicated that Mn exposure significantly reduced the survival rate (54% at 2 weeks and 33% at 4 weeks), as compared with that in the control (80% at 2 weeks and 51% at 4 weeks) (p < .01). A significant time-dependent migration of newborn cells from the SGZ toward the granule cell layer was also observed in both control and Mn-exposed HDG. Triple-stained neuroblasts and mature neurons further revealed that Mn exposure significantly inhibited the differentiation of immature neuroblasts into mature neurons in the HDG. Taken together, these observations suggest that subchronic Mn exposure results in a reduced cell proliferation, diminished survival of adult-born neurons, and inhibited overall neurogenesis in the adult HDG. Impaired adult neurogenesis is likely one of the mechanisms contribute to Mn-induced Parkinsonian disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Xiaoting Wang
- Spinal Cord and Brain Injury Research Group, Stark Neuroscience Research Institute.,Department of Neurological Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202
| | | | - Jason R Cannon
- School of Health Sciences.,Purdue Institute for Integrative Neurosciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907
| | - Jinhui Chen
- Spinal Cord and Brain Injury Research Group, Stark Neuroscience Research Institute.,Department of Neurological Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202
| | - Wei Zheng
- School of Health Sciences.,Purdue Institute for Integrative Neurosciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907
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25
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Carmona A, Zogzas CE, Roudeau S, Porcaro F, Garrevoet J, Spiers KM, Salomé M, Cloetens P, Mukhopadhyay S, Ortega R. SLC30A10 Mutation Involved in Parkinsonism Results in Manganese Accumulation within Nanovesicles of the Golgi Apparatus. ACS Chem Neurosci 2019; 10:599-609. [PMID: 30272946 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.8b00451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Manganese (Mn) is an essential metal that can be neurotoxic when elevated exposition occurs leading to parkinsonian-like syndromes. Mutations in the Slc30a10 gene have been identified in new forms of familial parkinsonism. SLC30A10 is a cell surface protein involved in the efflux of Mn and protects the cell against Mn toxicity. Disease-causing mutations block the efflux activity of SLC30A10, resulting in Mn accumulation. Determining the intracellular localization of Mn when disease-causing SLC30A10 mutants are expressed is essential to elucidate the mechanisms of Mn neurotoxicity. Here, using organelle fluorescence microscopy and synchrotron X-ray fluorescence (SXRF) imaging, we found that Mn accumulates in the Golgi apparatus of human cells transfected with the disease-causing SLC30A10-Δ105-107 mutant under physiological conditions and after exposure to Mn. In cells expressing the wild-type SLC30A10 protein, cellular Mn content was low after all exposure conditions, confirming efficient Mn efflux. In nontransfected cells that do not express endogenous SLC30A10 and in mock transfected cells, Mn was located in the Golgi apparatus, similarly to its distribution in cells expressing the mutant protein, confirming deficient Mn efflux. The newly developed SXRF cryogenic nanoimaging (<50 nm resolution) indicated that Mn was trapped in single vesicles within the Golgi apparatus. Our results confirm the role of SLC30A10 in Mn efflux and the accumulation of Mn in cells expressing the disease-causing SLC30A10-Δ105-107 mutation. Moreover, we identified suborganelle Golgi nanovesicles as the main compartment of Mn accumulation in SLC30A10 mutants, suggesting interactions with the vesicular trafficking machinery as a cause of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asuncion Carmona
- Chemical Imaging and Speciation, CENBG, University of Bordeaux, UMR 5797, 33175 Gradignan, France
- CNRS, IN2P3, CENBG, UMR 5797, 33175 Gradignan, France
| | - Charles E. Zogzas
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology; Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology and Institute for Neuroscience, University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Stéphane Roudeau
- Chemical Imaging and Speciation, CENBG, University of Bordeaux, UMR 5797, 33175 Gradignan, France
- CNRS, IN2P3, CENBG, UMR 5797, 33175 Gradignan, France
| | - Francesco Porcaro
- Chemical Imaging and Speciation, CENBG, University of Bordeaux, UMR 5797, 33175 Gradignan, France
- CNRS, IN2P3, CENBG, UMR 5797, 33175 Gradignan, France
| | - Jan Garrevoet
- Deutsches Elektronen Synchrotron DESY, Notkestr. 85, Hamburg 22607, Germany
| | - Kathryn M. Spiers
- Deutsches Elektronen Synchrotron DESY, Notkestr. 85, Hamburg 22607, Germany
| | - Murielle Salomé
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Peter Cloetens
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Somshuvra Mukhopadhyay
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology; Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology and Institute for Neuroscience, University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Richard Ortega
- Chemical Imaging and Speciation, CENBG, University of Bordeaux, UMR 5797, 33175 Gradignan, France
- CNRS, IN2P3, CENBG, UMR 5797, 33175 Gradignan, France
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26
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Gaur K, Vázquez-Salgado A, Duran-Camacho G, Dominguez-Martinez I, Benjamín-Rivera J, Fernández-Vega L, Carmona Sarabia L, Cruz García A, Pérez-Deliz F, Méndez Román J, Vega-Cartagena M, Loza-Rosas S, Rodriguez Acevedo X, Tinoco A. Iron and Copper Intracellular Chelation as an Anticancer Drug Strategy. INORGANICS 2018. [DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/inorganics6040126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
A very promising direction in the development of anticancer drugs is inhibiting the molecular pathways that keep cancer cells alive and able to metastasize. Copper and iron are two essential metals that play significant roles in the rapid proliferation of cancer cells and several chelators have been studied to suppress the bioavailability of these metals in the cells. This review discusses the major contributions that Cu and Fe play in the progression and spreading of cancer and evaluates select Cu and Fe chelators that demonstrate great promise as anticancer drugs. Efforts to improve the cellular delivery, efficacy, and tumor responsiveness of these chelators are also presented including a transmetallation strategy for dual targeting of Cu and Fe. To elucidate the effectiveness and specificity of Cu and Fe chelators for treating cancer, analytical tools are described for measuring Cu and Fe levels and for tracking the metals in cells, tissue, and the body.
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27
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Gaur K, Vázquez-Salgado AM, Duran-Camacho G, Dominguez-Martinez I, Benjamín-Rivera JA, Fernández-Vega L, Sarabia LC, García AC, Pérez-Deliz F, Méndez Román JA, Vega-Cartagena M, Loza-Rosas SA, Acevedo XR, Tinoco AD. Iron and Copper Intracellular Chelation as an Anticancer Drug Strategy. INORGANICS 2018; 6:126. [PMID: 33912613 PMCID: PMC8078164 DOI: 10.3390/inorganics6040126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A very promising direction in the development of anticancer drugs is inhibiting the molecular pathways that keep cancer cells alive and able to metastasize. Copper and iron are two essential metals that play significant roles in the rapid proliferation of cancer cells and several chelators have been studied to suppress the bioavailability of these metals in the cells. This review discusses the major contributions that Cu and Fe play in the progression and spreading of cancer and evaluates select Cu and Fe chelators that demonstrate great promise as anticancer drugs. Efforts to improve the cellular delivery, efficacy, and tumor responsiveness of these chelators are also presented including a transmetallation strategy for dual targeting of Cu and Fe. To elucidate the effectiveness and specificity of Cu and Fe chelators for treating cancer, analytical tools are described for measuring Cu and Fe levels and for tracking the metals in cells, tissue, and the body.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kavita Gaur
- Department of Chemistry, University of Puerto Rico, Río Piedras Campus, Río Piedras, PR 00931, USA
| | | | - Geraldo Duran-Camacho
- Department of Chemistry, University of Puerto Rico, Río Piedras Campus, Río Piedras, PR 00931, USA
| | | | - Josué A Benjamín-Rivera
- Department of Chemistry, University of Puerto Rico, Río Piedras Campus, Río Piedras, PR 00931, USA
| | - Lauren Fernández-Vega
- Department of Chemistry, University of Puerto Rico, Río Piedras Campus, Río Piedras, PR 00931, USA
| | - Lesly Carmona Sarabia
- Department of Chemistry, University of Puerto Rico, Río Piedras Campus, Río Piedras, PR 00931, USA
| | - Angelys Cruz García
- Department of Chemistry, University of Puerto Rico, Río Piedras Campus, Río Piedras, PR 00931, USA
| | - Felipe Pérez-Deliz
- Department of Chemistry, University of Puerto Rico, Río Piedras Campus, Río Piedras, PR 00931, USA
| | - José A Méndez Román
- Department of Chemistry, University of Puerto Rico, Río Piedras Campus, Río Piedras, PR 00931, USA
| | - Melissa Vega-Cartagena
- Department of Chemistry, University of Puerto Rico, Río Piedras Campus, Río Piedras, PR 00931, USA
| | - Sergio A Loza-Rosas
- Department of Chemistry, University of Puerto Rico, Río Piedras Campus, Río Piedras, PR 00931, USA
| | | | - Arthur D Tinoco
- Department of Chemistry, University of Puerto Rico, Río Piedras Campus, Río Piedras, PR 00931, USA
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28
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In vitro lesion bypass by human PrimPol. DNA Repair (Amst) 2018; 70:18-24. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dnarep.2018.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2018] [Revised: 07/23/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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29
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Mn Inhibits GSH Synthesis via Downregulation of Neuronal EAAC1 and Astrocytic xCT to Cause Oxidative Damage in the Striatum of Mice. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2018; 2018:4235695. [PMID: 30228854 PMCID: PMC6136513 DOI: 10.1155/2018/4235695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2018] [Revised: 06/24/2018] [Accepted: 07/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Excessive manganese (Mn) can accumulate in the striatum of the brain following overexposure. Oxidative stress is a well-recognized mechanism in Mn-induced neurotoxicity. It has been proven that glutathione (GSH) depletion is a key factor in oxidative damage during Mn exposure. However, no study has focused on the dysfunction of GSH synthesis-induced oxidative stress in the brain during Mn exposure. The objective of the present study was to explore the mechanism of Mn disruption of GSH synthesis via EAAC1 and xCT in vitro and in vivo. Primary neurons and astrocytes were cultured and treated with different doses of Mn to observe the state of cells and levels of GSH and reactive oxygen species (ROS) and measure mRNA and protein expression of EAAC1 and xCT. Mice were randomly divided into seven groups, which received saline, 12.5, 25, and 50 mg/kg MnCl2, 500 mg/kg AAH (EAAC1 inhibitor) + 50 mg/kg MnCl2, 75 mg/kg SSZ (xCT inhibitor) + 50 mg/kg MnCl2, and 100 mg/kg NAC (GSH rescuer) + 50 mg/kg MnCl2 once daily for two weeks. Then, levels of EAAC1, xCT, ROS, GSH, malondialdehyde (MDA), protein sulfhydryl, carbonyl, 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), and morphological and ultrastructural features in the striatum of mice were measured. Mn reduced protein levels, mRNA expression, and immunofluorescence intensity of EAAC1 and xCT. Mn also decreased the level of GSH, sulfhydryl, and increased ROS, MDA, 8-OHdG, and carbonyl in a dose-dependent manner. Injury-related pathological and ultrastructure changes in the striatum of mice were significantly present. In conclusion, excessive exposure to Mn disrupts GSH synthesis through inhibition of EAAC1 and xCT to trigger oxidative damage in the striatum.
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30
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Shih JH, Zeng BY, Lin PY, Chen TY, Chen YW, Wu CK, Tseng PT, Wu MK. Association between peripheral manganese levels and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: a preliminary meta-analysis. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2018; 14:1831-1842. [PMID: 30140155 PMCID: PMC6054766 DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s165378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Evidence has suggested that dysregulation of the dopaminergic system may play a significant role in the pathogenesis of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children. Manganese, a neurotoxicant, has been reported to exert its neurotoxicity by affecting the dopaminergic system. However, the association between peripheral manganese levels and ADHD has not been comprehensively reviewed. This study aimed to investigate the association between peripheral manganese levels and ADHD in children. An electronic search was performed on databases including PubMed, ProQuest, ClinicalKey, Cochrane Library, ClinicalTrials.gov, Embase, Web of Science, and ScienceDirect with last search on March 25th, 2018. As per the inclusion criteria, human observational studies investigating peripheral manganese levels in children with ADHD and controls were included. The meta-analysis was performed using a random-effects model, and possible confounders were examined by subgroup analysis. In total, four articles with 175 ADHD children and 999 controls were recruited. The manganese levels were significantly higher in ADHD children than in controls (p=0.033), when studies investigating blood levels and those investigating hair levels were included. However, when only studies investigating blood levels were included, there was no significant difference between ADHD children and controls (p=0.076). Our results support higher peripheral manganese levels in children diagnosed with ADHD than those in controls. Further primary studies are needed to clarify this association.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Hao Shih
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Consultation, EMHA Consulting International Incorporation, Hsinchu, Taiwan.,Taiwan Environmental and Occupational Medicine Association, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Bing-Yan Zeng
- Department of Internal Medicine, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Pao-Yen Lin
- Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, .,Center for Translational Research in Biomedical Sciences, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Tien-Yu Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, Tri-Service General Hospital, School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Brain Science, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Wen Chen
- Prospect Clinic for Otorhinolaryngology and Neurology, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Kuan Wu
- Department of Psychiatry, Tsyr-Huey Mental Hospital, Kaohsiung Jen-Ai's Home, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ping-Tao Tseng
- WinShine Clinics in Specialty of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung, Taiwan,
| | - Ming-Kung Wu
- Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan,
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31
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Neely MD, Davison CA, Aschner M, Bowman AB. From the Cover: Manganese and Rotenone-Induced Oxidative Stress Signatures Differ in iPSC-Derived Human Dopamine Neurons. Toxicol Sci 2017; 159:366-379. [PMID: 28962525 PMCID: PMC5837701 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfx145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the result of complex interactions between genetic and environmental factors. Two chemically distinct environmental stressors relevant to PD are the metal manganese and the pesticide rotenone. Both are thought to exert neurotoxicity at least in part via oxidative stress resulting from impaired mitochondrial activity. Identifying shared mechanism of action may reveal clues towards an understanding of the mechanisms underlying PD pathogenesis. Here we compare the effects of manganese and rotenone in human-induced pluripotent stem cells-derived postmitotic mesencephalic dopamine neurons by assessing several different oxidative stress endpoints. Manganese, but not rotenone caused a concentration and time-dependent increase in intracellular reactive oxygen/nitrogen species measured by quantifying the fluorescence of oxidized chloromethyl 2',7'-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (DCF) assay. In contrast, rotenone but not manganese caused an increase in cellular isoprostane levels, an indicator of lipid peroxidation. Manganese and rotenone both caused an initial decrease in cellular reduced glutathione; however, glutathione levels remained low in neurons treated with rotenone for 24 h but recovered in manganese-exposed cells. Neurite length, a sensitive indicator of overall neuronal health was adversely affected by rotenone, but not manganese. Thus, our observations suggest that the cellular oxidative stress evoked by these 2 agents is distinct yielding unique oxidative stress signatures across outcome measures. The protective effect of rasagiline, a compound used in the clinic for PD, had negligible impact on any of oxidative stress outcome measures except a subtle significant decrease in manganese-dependent production of reactive oxygen/nitrogen species detected by the DCF assay.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Diana Neely
- Department of Pediatrics
- Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee 37232
| | - Carrie Ann Davison
- Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee 37232
| | - Michael Aschner
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461
| | - Aaron B. Bowman
- Department of Pediatrics
- Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee 37232
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232
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32
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Manganese(II) Chloride Alters Nucleotide and Nucleoside Catabolism in Zebrafish (Danio rerio) Adult Brain. Mol Neurobiol 2017; 55:3866-3874. [PMID: 28547528 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-017-0601-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2017] [Accepted: 05/04/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
ATP and adenosine, the main signaling molecules of purinergic system, are involved in toxicological effects induced by metals. The manganese (Mn) exposure induces several cellular changes, which could interfere with signaling pathways, such as the purinergic system. In this study, we evaluated the effects of exposure to manganese(II) chloride (MnCl2) during 96 h on nucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase (NTPDase), ecto-5'-nucleotidase, and adenosine deaminase (ADA) activities, followed by analyzing the gene expression patterns of NTPDases (entpd1, entpd2a.1, entpd2a.2, entpd2-like, entpd3) and ADA (ADA 1 , ADA 2.1 , ADA 2.2 , ADAasi, ADAL) families in zebrafish brain. In addition, the brain metabolism of nucleotides and nucleosides was evaluated after MnCl2 exposure. The results showed that MnCl2 exposure during 96 h inhibited the NTPDase (1.0 and 1.5 mM) and ecto-ADA (0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 mM) activities, further decreasing ADA2.1 expression at all MnCl2 concentrations analyzed. Purine metabolism was also altered by the action of MnCl2. An increased amount of ADP appeared at all MnCl2 concentrations analyzed; however, AMP and adenosine levels are decreased at the concentrations of 1.0 and 1.5 mM MnCl2, whereas decreased inosine (INO) levels were observed at all concentrations tested. The findings of this study demonstrated that MnCl2 may inhibit NTPDase and ecto-ADA activities, consequently modulating nucleotide and nucleoside levels, which may contribute for the toxicological effects induced by this metal.
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33
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Abstract
Manganese (Mn) is an essential trace element, serving as a cofactor for several enzymes involved in various cellular and biochemical reactions in human body. However, chronic overexposure to Mn from occupational or environmental sources induces a neurological disorder, characterized by psychiatric, cognitive, and motor abnormalities, referred to as manganism. Mn-induced neurotoxicity is known to target astrocytes since these cells preferentially accumulate Mn. Astrocytes are the most abundant non-neuronal glial cells in the brain, and they play a critical role in maintaining the optimal glutamate levels to prevent excitotoxic death. The fine regulation of glutamate in the brain is accomplished by two major glutamate transporters - glutamate transporter-1 (GLT-1) and glutamate aspartate transporter (GLAST) that are predominantly expressed in astrocytes. Excitotoxic neuronal injury has been demonstrated as a critical mechanism involved in Mn neurotoxicity and implicated in the pathological signs of multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Recent evidences also establish that Mn directly deregulates the expression and function of both astrocytic glutamate transporters by decreasing mRNA and protein levels of GLT-1 and GLAST. Herein, we will review the mechanisms of Mn-induced gene regulation of glutamate transporters at the transcriptional level and their role in Mn toxicity.
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34
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Altenhofen S, Wiprich MT, Nery LR, Leite CE, Vianna MRMR, Bonan CD. Manganese(II) chloride alters behavioral and neurochemical parameters in larvae and adult zebrafish. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2017; 182:172-183. [PMID: 27912164 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2016.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2016] [Revised: 10/24/2016] [Accepted: 11/16/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Manganese (Mn) is an essential metal for organisms, but high levels can cause serious neurological damage. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of MnCl2 exposure on cognition and exploratory behavior in adult and larval zebrafish and correlate these findings with brain accumulation of Mn, overall brain tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) levels, dopamine (DA) levels, 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC) levels and cell death markers in the nervous system. Adults exposed to MnCl2 for 4days (0.5, 1.0 and 1.5mM) and larvae exposed for 5days (0.1, 0.25 and 0.5mM) displayed decreased exploratory behaviors, such as distance traveled and absolute body turn angle, in addition to reduced movement time and an increased number of immobile episodes in larvae. Adults exposed to MnCl2 for 4days showed impaired aversive long-term memory in the inhibitory avoidance task. The overall brain TH levels were elevated in adults and larvae evaluated at 5 and 7 days post-fertilization (dpf). Interestingly, the protein level of this enzyme was decreased in larval animals at 10dpf. Furthermore, DOPAC levels were increased in adult animals exposed to MnCl2. Protein analysis showed increased apoptotic markers in both the larvae and adult nervous system. The results demonstrated that prolonged exposure to MnCl2 leads to locomotor deficits that may be associated with damage caused by this metal in the CNS, particularly in the dopaminergic system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefani Altenhofen
- PUCRS, Faculdade de Biociências, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular, Laboratório de Neuroquímica e Psicofarmacologia, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Melissa Talita Wiprich
- PUCRS, Faculdade de Biociências, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular, Laboratório de Neuroquímica e Psicofarmacologia, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Laura Roesler Nery
- PUCRS, Faculdade de Biociências, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular, Laboratório de Neuroquímica e Psicofarmacologia, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | | | - Monica Ryff Moreira Roca Vianna
- PUCRS, Faculdade de Biociências, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular, Laboratório de Biologia e Desenvolvimento do Sistema Nervoso, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Carla Denise Bonan
- PUCRS, Faculdade de Biociências, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular, Laboratório de Neuroquímica e Psicofarmacologia, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
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Bryan MR, Bowman AB. Manganese and the Insulin-IGF Signaling Network in Huntington's Disease and Other Neurodegenerative Disorders. ADVANCES IN NEUROBIOLOGY 2017; 18:113-142. [PMID: 28889265 PMCID: PMC6559248 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-60189-2_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Huntington's disease (HD) is an autosomal dominant neurodegenerative disease resulting in motor impairment and death in patients. Recently, several studies have demonstrated insulin or insulin-like growth factor (IGF) treatment in models of HD, resulting in potent amelioration of HD phenotypes via modulation of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathways. Administration of IGF and insulin can rescue microtubule transport, metabolic function, and autophagy defects, resulting in clearance of Huntingtin (HTT) aggregates, restoration of mitochondrial function, amelioration of motor abnormalities, and enhanced survival. Manganese (Mn) is an essential metal to all biological systems but, in excess, can be toxic. Interestingly, several studies have revealed the insulin-mimetic effects of Mn-demonstrating Mn can activate several of the same metabolic kinases and increase peripheral and neuronal insulin and IGF-1 levels in rodent models. Separate studies have shown mouse and human striatal neuroprogenitor cell (NPC) models exhibit a deficit in cellular Mn uptake, indicative of a Mn deficiency. Furthermore, evidence from the literature reveals a striking overlap between cellular consequences of Mn deficiency (i.e., impaired function of Mn-dependent enzymes) and known HD endophenotypes including excitotoxicity, increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, and decreased mitochondrial function. Here we review published evidence supporting a hypothesis that (1) the potent effect of IGF or insulin treatment on HD models, (2) the insulin-mimetic effects of Mn, and (3) the newly discovered Mn-dependent perturbations in HD may all be functionally related. Together, this review will present the intriguing possibility that intricate regulatory cross-talk exists between Mn biology and/or toxicology and the insulin/IGF signaling pathways which may be deeply connected to HD pathology and, perhaps, other neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs) and other neuropathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miles R Bryan
- Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA.
- Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA.
- Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA.
| | - Aaron B Bowman
- Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
- Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
- Vanderbilt Center in Molecular Toxicology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
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Inflammatory Activation of Microglia and Astrocytes in Manganese Neurotoxicity. ADVANCES IN NEUROBIOLOGY 2017; 18:159-181. [PMID: 28889267 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-60189-2_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Neurotoxicity due to excessive exposure to manganese (Mn) has been described as early as 1837 (Couper, Br Ann Med Pharm Vital Stat Gen Sci 1:41-42, 1837). Extensive research over the past two decades has revealed that Mn-induced neurological injury involves complex pathophysiological signaling mechanisms between neurons and glial cells. Glial cells are an important target of Mn in the brain, both for sequestration of the metal, as well as for activating inflammatory signaling pathways that damage neurons through overproduction of numerous reactive oxygen and nitrogen species and inflammatory cytokines. Understanding how these pathways are regulated in glial cells during Mn exposure is critical to determining the mechanisms underlying permanent neurological dysfunction stemming from excess exposure. The subject of this review will be to delineate mechanisms by which Mn interacts with glial cells to perturb neuronal function, with a particular emphasis on neuroinflammation and neuroinflammatory signaling between distinct populations of glial cells.
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Bailey DC, Todt CE, Orfield SE, Denney RD, Snapp IB, Negga R, Montgomery KM, Bailey AC, Pressley AS, Traynor WL, Fitsanakis VA. Caenorhabditis elegans chronically exposed to a Mn/Zn ethylene-bis-dithiocarbamate fungicide show mitochondrial Complex I inhibition and increased reactive oxygen species. Neurotoxicology 2016; 56:170-179. [PMID: 27502893 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2016.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2016] [Revised: 07/28/2016] [Accepted: 07/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Reports have linked human exposure to Mn/Zn ethylene-bis-dithiocarbamate (Mn/Zn-EBDC) fungicides with multiple pathologies, from dermatitis to central nervous system dysfunction. Although members of this family of agrochemicals have been available for over 50 years, their mechanism of toxicity in humans is still unclear. Since mitochondrial inhibition and oxidative stress are implicated in a wide variety of diseases, we hypothesized that Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) exposed to a commercially-available formulation of an Mn/Zn-EBDC-containing fungicide (Manzate; MZ) would also show these endpoints. Thus, worms were treated chronically (24h) with various MZ concentrations and assayed for reduced mitochondrial function and increased levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Oxygen consumption studies suggested Complex I inhibition in all treatment groups compared to controls (**p<0.01). In order to verify these findings, assays specific for Complex II or Complex IV activity were also completed. Data analysis from these studies indicated that neither complex was adversely affected by MZ treatment. Additional data from ATP assays indicated a statistically significant decrease (***p<0.001) in ATP levels in all treatment groups when compared to control worms. Further studies were completed to determine if exposure of C. elegans to MZ also resulted in increased ROS concentrations. Studies demonstrated that hydrogen peroxide, but not superoxide or hydroxyl radical, levels were statistically significantly increased (*p<0.05). Since hydrogen peroxide is known to up-regulate glutathione-S-transferase (GST), we used a GST:green fluorescent protein transgenic worm strain to test this hypothesis. Results from these studies indicated a statistically significant increase (***p<0.001) in green pixel number following MZ exposure. Taken together, these data indicate that C. elegans treated with MZ concentrations to which humans are exposed show mitochondrial Complex I inhibition with concomitant hydrogen peroxide production. Since these mechanisms are associated with numerous human diseases, we suggest further studies to determine if MZ exposure induces similar toxic mechanisms in mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denise C Bailey
- King University, Department of Biology, 1350 King College Road, Bristol, TN 37620, USA.
| | - Callie E Todt
- King University, Department of Biology, 1350 King College Road, Bristol, TN 37620, USA.
| | - Sarah E Orfield
- King University, Department of Biology, 1350 King College Road, Bristol, TN 37620, USA.
| | - Rachel D Denney
- King University, Department of Biology, 1350 King College Road, Bristol, TN 37620, USA.
| | - Isaac B Snapp
- King University, Department of Biology, 1350 King College Road, Bristol, TN 37620, USA.
| | - Rekek Negga
- King University, Department of Biology, 1350 King College Road, Bristol, TN 37620, USA.
| | - Kara M Montgomery
- King University, Department of Biology, 1350 King College Road, Bristol, TN 37620, USA.
| | - Andrew C Bailey
- King University, Department of Biology, 1350 King College Road, Bristol, TN 37620, USA.
| | - Aireal S Pressley
- King University, Department of Biology, 1350 King College Road, Bristol, TN 37620, USA.
| | - Wendy L Traynor
- King University, Department of Mathematics and Physics, 1350 King College Road, Bristol, TN 37620, USA.
| | - Vanessa A Fitsanakis
- King University, Department of Biology, 1350 King College Road, Bristol, TN 37620, USA.
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Bouabid S, Tinakoua A, Lakhdar-Ghazal N, Benazzouz A. Manganese neurotoxicity: behavioral disorders associated with dysfunctions in the basal ganglia and neurochemical transmission. J Neurochem 2015; 136:677-691. [PMID: 26608821 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.13442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2015] [Revised: 10/24/2015] [Accepted: 11/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Manganese (Mn) is an essential element required for many physiological functions. While it is essential at physiological levels, excessive accumulation of Mn in the brain causes severe dysfunctions in the central nervous system known as manganism. Manganism is an extrapyramidal disorder characterized by motor disturbances associated with neuropsychiatric and cognitive disabilities similar to Parkinsonism. As the primary brain regions targeted by Mn are the basal ganglia, known to be involved in the pathophysiology of extrapyramidal disorders, this review will examine the impact of Mn exposure on the basal ganglia circuitry and neurotransmitters in relation to motor and non-motor disorders. The collected data from recent available studies in humans and experimental animal models provide new information about the mechanisms by which Mn affects behavior, neurotransmitters, and basal ganglia function observed in manganism. The effects of the alterations of metals on basal ganglia and neurochemical functioning are critical to develop effective modalities not only for the treatment of vulnerable populations (e.g., Mn-exposed workers) but also for understanding the etiology of neurodegenerative diseases where brain metal imbalances are involved, such as Parkinson's disease. We examine the impact of manganese (Mn) exposure on the basal ganglia circuitry and neurotransmitters in relation with motor and non-motor disorders. The collected data from available studies show that when accumulated in the globus pallidus, Mn influences the subthalamic (STN) and substantia nigra (SN) neurons, which are at the origin of changes in the thalamus and the cortex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Safa Bouabid
- University de Bordeaux, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, Bordeaux, France.,CNRS, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, Bordeaux, France.,Université Mohammed V, Faculté des Sciences, Equipe Rythmes Biologiques, Neurosciences et Environnement, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Anass Tinakoua
- University de Bordeaux, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, Bordeaux, France.,CNRS, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, Bordeaux, France.,Université Mohammed V, Faculté des Sciences, Equipe Rythmes Biologiques, Neurosciences et Environnement, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Nouria Lakhdar-Ghazal
- Université Mohammed V, Faculté des Sciences, Equipe Rythmes Biologiques, Neurosciences et Environnement, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Abdelhamid Benazzouz
- University de Bordeaux, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, Bordeaux, France.,CNRS, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, Bordeaux, France
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39
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Level of neurotoxic metals in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: A population-based case–control study. J Neurol Sci 2015; 359:11-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2015.10.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2015] [Revised: 09/18/2015] [Accepted: 10/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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40
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Menon AV, Chang J, Kim J. Mechanisms of divalent metal toxicity in affective disorders. Toxicology 2015; 339:58-72. [PMID: 26551072 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2015.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2015] [Revised: 10/19/2015] [Accepted: 11/03/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Metals are required for proper brain development and play an important role in a number of neurobiological functions. The divalent metal transporter 1 (DMT1) is a major metal transporter involved in the absorption and metabolism of several essential metals like iron and manganese. However, non-essential divalent metals are also transported through this transporter. Therefore, altered expression of DMT1 can modify the absorption of toxic metals and metal-induced toxicity. An accumulating body of evidence has suggested that increased metal stores in the brain are associated with elevated oxidative stress promoted by the ability of metals to catalyze redox reactions, resulting in abnormal neurobehavioral function and the progression of neurodegenerative diseases. Metal overload has also been implicated in impaired emotional behavior, although the underlying mechanisms are not well understood with limited information. The current review focuses on psychiatric dysfunction associated with imbalanced metabolism of metals that are transported by DMT1. The investigations with respect to the toxic effects of metal overload on behavior and their underlying mechanisms of toxicity could provide several new therapeutic targets to treat metal-associated affective disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - JuOae Chang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Jonghan Kim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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41
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Abstract
Exposure to manganese (Mn) causes clinical signs and symptoms resembling, but not identical to, Parkinson's disease. Since our last review on this subject in 2004, the past decade has been a thriving period in the history of Mn research. This report provides a comprehensive review on new knowledge gained in the Mn research field. Emerging data suggest that beyond traditionally recognized occupational manganism, Mn exposures and the ensuing toxicities occur in a variety of environmental settings, nutritional sources, contaminated foods, infant formulas, and water, soil, and air with natural or man-made contaminations. Upon fast absorption into the body via oral and inhalation exposures, Mn has a relatively short half-life in blood, yet fairly long half-lives in tissues. Recent data suggest Mn accumulates substantially in bone, with a half-life of about 8-9 years expected in human bones. Mn toxicity has been associated with dopaminergic dysfunction by recent neurochemical analyses and synchrotron X-ray fluorescent imaging studies. Evidence from humans indicates that individual factors such as age, gender, ethnicity, genetics, and pre-existing medical conditions can have profound impacts on Mn toxicities. In addition to body fluid-based biomarkers, new approaches in searching biomarkers of Mn exposure include Mn levels in toenails, non-invasive measurement of Mn in bone, and functional alteration assessments. Comments and recommendations are also provided with regard to the diagnosis of Mn intoxication and clinical intervention. Finally, several hot and promising research areas in the next decade are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie L. O’Neal
- School of Health Sciences, Purdue University, 550 Stadium Mall Drive, Room 1173, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Wei Zheng
- School of Health Sciences, Purdue University, 550 Stadium Mall Drive, Room 1173, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
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42
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Abstract
The understanding of manganese (Mn) biology, in particular its cellular regulation and role in neurological disease, is an area of expanding interest. Mn is an essential micronutrient that is required for the activity of a diverse set of enzymatic proteins (e.g., arginase and glutamine synthase). Although necessary for life, Mn is toxic in excess. Thus, maintaining appropriate levels of intracellular Mn is critical. Unlike other essential metals, cell-level homeostatic mechanisms of Mn have not been identified. In this review, we discuss common forms of Mn exposure, absorption, and transport via regulated uptake/exchange at the gut and blood-brain barrier and via biliary excretion. We present the current understanding of cellular uptake and efflux as well as subcellular storage and transport of Mn. In addition, we highlight the Mn-dependent and Mn-responsive pathways implicated in the growing evidence of its role in Parkinson's disease and Huntington's disease. We conclude with suggestions for future focuses of Mn health-related research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle J Horning
- Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232; , ,
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Robison G, Sullivan B, Cannon JR, Pushkar Y. Identification of dopaminergic neurons of the substantia nigra pars compacta as a target of manganese accumulation. Metallomics 2015; 7:748-55. [PMID: 25695229 DOI: 10.1039/c5mt00023h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Manganese serves as a cofactor to a variety of proteins necessary for proper bodily development and function. However, an overabundance of Mn in the brain can result in manganism, a neurological condition resembling Parkinson's disease (PD). Bulk sample measurement techniques have identified the globus pallidus and thalamus as targets of Mn accumulation in the brain, however smaller structures/cells cannot be measured. Here, X-ray fluorescence microscopy determined the metal content and distribution in the substantia nigra (SN) of the rodent brain. In vivo retrograde labeling of dopaminergic cells (via FluoroGold™) of the SN pars compacta (SNc) subsequently allowed for XRF imaging of dopaminergic cells in situ at subcellular resolution. Chronic Mn exposure resulted in a significant Mn increase in both the SN pars reticulata (>163%) and the SNc (>170%) as compared to control; no other metal concentrations were significantly changed. Subcellular imaging of dopaminergic cells demonstrated that Mn is located adjacent to the nucleus. Measured intracellular manganese concentrations range between 40-200 μM; concentrations as low as 100 μM have been observed to cause cell death in cell cultures. Direct observation of Mn accumulation in the SNc could establish a biological basis for movement disorders associated with manganism, specifically Mn caused insult to the SNc. Accumulation of Mn in dopaminergic cells of the SNc may help clarify the relationship between Mn and the loss of motor skills associated with manganism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory Robison
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, 525 Northwestern Ave., West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.
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44
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Kim G, Lee HS, Seok Bang J, Kim B, Ko D, Yang M. A current review for biological monitoring of manganese with exposure, susceptibility, and response biomarkers. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART C, ENVIRONMENTAL CARCINOGENESIS & ECOTOXICOLOGY REVIEWS 2015; 33:229-54. [PMID: 26023759 DOI: 10.1080/10590501.2015.1030530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
People can be easily exposed to manganese (Mn), the twelfth most abundant element, through various exposure routes. However, overexposure to Mn causes manganism, a motor syndrome similar to Parkinson disease, via interference of the several neurotransmitter systems, particularly the dopaminergic system in areas. At cellular levels, Mn preferentially accumulates in mitochondria and increases the generation of reactive oxygen species, which changes expression and activity of manganoproteins. Many studies have provided invaluable insights into the causes, effects, and mechanisms of the Mn-induced neurotoxicity. To regulate Mn exposure, many countries have performed biological monitoring of Mn with three major biomarkers: exposure, susceptibility, and response biomarkers. In this study, we review current statuses of Mn exposure via various exposure routes including food, high susceptible population, effects of genetic polymorphisms of metabolic enzymes or transporters (CYP2D6, PARK9, SLC30A10, etc.), alterations of the Mn-responsive proteins (i.e., glutamine synthetase, Mn-SOD, metallothioneins, and divalent metal trnsporter1), and epigenetic changes due to the Mn exposure. To minimize the effects of Mn exposure, further biological monitoring of Mn should be done with more sensitive and selective biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gyuri Kim
- a Research Center for Cell Fate Control, Department of Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Sookmyung Women's University , Seoul , Republic of Korea
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45
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Bartelle BB, Mana MD, Suero-Abreu GA, Rodriguez JJ, Turnbull DH. Engineering an effective Mn-binding MRI reporter protein by subcellular targeting. Magn Reson Med 2014; 74:1750-7. [PMID: 25522343 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.25566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2014] [Revised: 10/24/2014] [Accepted: 11/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Manganese (Mn) is an effective contrast agent and biologically active metal, which has been widely used for Mn-enhanced MRI (MEMRI). The purpose of this study was to develop and test a Mn binding protein for use as a genetic reporter for MEMRI. METHODS The bacterial Mn-binding protein, MntR was identified as a candidate reporter protein. MntR was engineered for expression in mammalian cells, and targeted to different subcellular organelles, including the Golgi Apparatus where cellular Mn is enriched. Transfected HEK293 cells and B16 melanoma cells were tested in vitro and in vivo, using immunocytochemistry, MR imaging and relaxometry. RESULTS Subcellular targeting of MntR to the cytosol, endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus was verified with immunocytochemistry. After targeting to the Golgi, MntR expression produced robust R1 changes and T1 contrast in cells, in vitro and in vivo. Co-expression with the divalent metal transporter DMT1, a previously described Mn-based reporter, further enhanced contrast in B16 cells in culture, but in the in vivo B16 tumor model tested was not significantly better than MntR alone. CONCLUSION This second-generation reporter system both expands the capabilities of genetically encoded reporters for imaging with MEMRI and provides important insights into the mechanisms of Mn biology which create endogenous MEMRI contrast.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin B Bartelle
- Skirball Institute of Biomolecular Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA.,Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Miyeko D Mana
- Skirball Institute of Biomolecular Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA.,Koch Institute of Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Giselle A Suero-Abreu
- Skirball Institute of Biomolecular Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Joe J Rodriguez
- Skirball Institute of Biomolecular Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Daniel H Turnbull
- Skirball Institute of Biomolecular Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA.,Departments of Radiology and Pathology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
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46
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Tidball AM, Bryan MR, Uhouse MA, Kumar KK, Aboud AA, Feist JE, Ess KC, Neely MD, Aschner M, Bowman AB. A novel manganese-dependent ATM-p53 signaling pathway is selectively impaired in patient-based neuroprogenitor and murine striatal models of Huntington's disease. Hum Mol Genet 2014; 24:1929-44. [PMID: 25489053 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddu609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The essential micronutrient manganese is enriched in brain, especially in the basal ganglia. We sought to identify neuronal signaling pathways responsive to neurologically relevant manganese levels, as previous data suggested that alterations in striatal manganese handling occur in Huntington's disease (HD) models. We found that p53 phosphorylation at serine 15 is the most responsive cell signaling event to manganese exposure (of 18 tested) in human neuroprogenitors and a mouse striatal cell line. Manganese-dependent activation of p53 was severely diminished in HD cells. Inhibitors of ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM) kinase decreased manganese-dependent phosphorylation of p53. Likewise, analysis of ATM autophosphorylation and additional ATM kinase targets, H2AX and CHK2, support a role for ATM in the activation of p53 by manganese and that a defect in this process occurs in HD. Furthermore, the deficit in Mn-dependent activation of ATM kinase in HD neuroprogenitors was highly selective, as DNA damage and oxidative injury, canonical activators of ATM, did not show similar deficits. We assessed cellular manganese handling to test for correlations with the ATM-p53 pathway, and we observed reduced Mn accumulation in HD human neuroprogenitors and HD mouse striatal cells at manganese exposures associated with altered p53 activation. To determine if this phenotype contributes to the deficit in manganese-dependent ATM activation, we used pharmacological manipulation to equalize manganese levels between HD and control mouse striatal cells and rescued the ATM-p53 signaling deficit. Collectively, our data demonstrate selective alterations in manganese biology in cellular models of HD manifest in ATM-p53 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Asad A Aboud
- Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt Brain Institute
| | | | - Kevin C Ess
- Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt Kennedy Center, Vanderbilt Center for Stem Cell Biology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - M Diana Neely
- Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt Kennedy Center, Vanderbilt Center in Molecular Toxicology
| | - Michael Aschner
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Aaron B Bowman
- Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt Kennedy Center, Vanderbilt Center in Molecular Toxicology, Vanderbilt Center for Stem Cell Biology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
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47
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Forte G, Deiana M, Pasella S, Baralla A, Occhineri P, Mura I, Madeddu R, Muresu E, Sotgia S, Zinellu A, Carru C, Bocca B, Deiana L. Metals in plasma of nonagenarians and centenarians living in a key area of longevity. Exp Gerontol 2014; 60:197-206. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2014.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2014] [Revised: 09/26/2014] [Accepted: 10/30/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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48
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Karki P, Smith K, Johnson J, Aschner M, Lee E. Role of transcription factor yin yang 1 in manganese-induced reduction of astrocytic glutamate transporters: Putative mechanism for manganese-induced neurotoxicity. Neurochem Int 2014; 88:53-9. [PMID: 25128239 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2014.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2014] [Revised: 07/31/2014] [Accepted: 08/05/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Astrocytes are the most abundant non-neuronal glial cells in the brain. Once relegated to a mere supportive role for neurons, contemporary dogmas ascribe multiple active roles for these cells in central nervous system (CNS) function, including maintenance of optimal glutamate levels in synapses. Regulation of glutamate levels in the synaptic cleft is crucial for preventing excitotoxic neuronal injury. Glutamate levels are regulated predominantly by two astrocytic glutamate transporters, glutamate transporter 1 (GLT-1) and glutamate aspartate transporter (GLAST). Indeed, the dysregulation of these transporters has been linked to several neurodegenerative diseases such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD), as well as manganism, which is caused by overexposure to the trace metal, manganese (Mn). Although Mn is an essential trace element, its excessive accumulation in the brain as a result of chronic occupational or environmental exposures induces a neurological disorder referred to as manganism, which shares common pathological features with Parkinsonism. Mn decreases the expression and function of both GLAST and GLT-1. Astrocytes are commonly targeted by Mn, and thus reduction in astrocytic glutamate transporter function represents a critical mechanism of Mn-induced neurotoxicity. In this review, we will discuss the role of astrocytic glutamate transporters in neurodegenerative diseases and Mn-induced neurotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pratap Karki
- Department of Physiology, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN 37208, United States
| | - Keisha Smith
- Department of Physiology, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN 37208, United States
| | - James Johnson
- Department of Physiology, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN 37208, United States
| | - Michael Aschner
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, United States
| | - Eunsook Lee
- Department of Physiology, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN 37208, United States.
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49
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Daoust A, Bohic S, Saoudi Y, Debacker C, Gory-Fauré S, Andrieux A, Barbier EL, Deloulme JC. Neuronal transport defects of the MAP6 KO mouse - a model of schizophrenia - and alleviation by Epothilone D treatment, as observed using MEMRI. Neuroimage 2014; 96:133-42. [PMID: 24704457 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2014.03.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2013] [Revised: 03/18/2014] [Accepted: 03/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The MAP6 (microtubule-associated protein 6) KO mouse is a microtubule-deficient model of schizophrenia that exhibits severe behavioral disorders that are associated with synaptic plasticity anomalies. These defects are alleviated not only by neuroleptics, which are the gold standard molecules for the treatment of schizophrenia, but also by Epothilone D (Epo D), which is a microtubule-stabilizing molecule. To compare the neuronal transport between MAP6 KO and wild-type mice and to measure the effect of Epo D treatment on neuronal transport in KO mice, MnCl2 was injected in the primary somatosensory cortex. Then, using manganese-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MEMRI), we followed the propagation of Mn(2+) through axonal tracts and brain regions that are connected to the somatosensory cortex. In MAP6 KO mice, the measure of the MRI relative signal intensity over 24h revealed that the Mn(2+) transport rate was affected with a stronger effect on long-range and polysynaptic connections than in short-range and monosynaptic tracts. The chronic treatment of MAP6 KO mice with Epo D strongly increased Mn(2+) propagation within both mono- and polysynaptic connections. Our results clearly indicate an in vivo deficit in neuronal Mn(2+) transport in KO MAP6 mice, which might be due to both axonal transport defects and synaptic transmission impairments. Epo D treatment alleviated the axonal transport defects, and this improvement most likely contributes to the positive effect of Epo D on behavioral defects in KO MAP6 mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexia Daoust
- Inserm U836, Equipe NeuroImagerie Fonctionnelle et Perfusion Cérébrale, BP170, Grenoble 38042, France; Université Joseph Fourier, Grenoble Institut des Neurosciences, Grenoble, France
| | - Sylvain Bohic
- Inserm U836, Equipe NeuroImagerie Fonctionnelle et Perfusion Cérébrale, BP170, Grenoble 38042, France; Université Joseph Fourier, Grenoble Institut des Neurosciences, Grenoble, France; European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF), Grenoble, France
| | - Yasmina Saoudi
- Université Joseph Fourier, Grenoble Institut des Neurosciences, Grenoble, France; Inserm U836, Equipe Physiopathologie du Cytosquelette, Grenoble, France; Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives, iRTSV-GPC, Grenoble, France
| | - Clément Debacker
- Inserm U836, Equipe NeuroImagerie Fonctionnelle et Perfusion Cérébrale, BP170, Grenoble 38042, France; Université Joseph Fourier, Grenoble Institut des Neurosciences, Grenoble, France; Bruker Biospin MRI, Ettlingen, Germany
| | - Sylvie Gory-Fauré
- Université Joseph Fourier, Grenoble Institut des Neurosciences, Grenoble, France; Inserm U836, Equipe Physiopathologie du Cytosquelette, Grenoble, France; Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives, iRTSV-GPC, Grenoble, France
| | - Annie Andrieux
- Université Joseph Fourier, Grenoble Institut des Neurosciences, Grenoble, France; Inserm U836, Equipe Physiopathologie du Cytosquelette, Grenoble, France; Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives, iRTSV-GPC, Grenoble, France
| | - Emmanuel Luc Barbier
- Inserm U836, Equipe NeuroImagerie Fonctionnelle et Perfusion Cérébrale, BP170, Grenoble 38042, France; Université Joseph Fourier, Grenoble Institut des Neurosciences, Grenoble, France.
| | - Jean-Christophe Deloulme
- Université Joseph Fourier, Grenoble Institut des Neurosciences, Grenoble, France; Inserm U836, Equipe Physiopathologie du Cytosquelette, Grenoble, France; Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives, iRTSV-GPC, Grenoble, France.
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Daoust A, Saoudi Y, Brocard J, Collomb N, Batandier C, Bisbal M, Salomé M, Andrieux A, Bohic S, Barbier EL. Impact of manganese on primary hippocampal neurons from rodents. Hippocampus 2014; 24:598-610. [DOI: 10.1002/hipo.22252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2013] [Revised: 01/17/2014] [Accepted: 01/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexia Daoust
- Inserm; U836 Grenoble France
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble Institut des Neurosciences; Grenoble France
| | - Yasmina Saoudi
- Inserm; U836 Grenoble France
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble Institut des Neurosciences; Grenoble France
| | - Jacques Brocard
- Inserm; U836 Grenoble France
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble Institut des Neurosciences; Grenoble France
| | - Nora Collomb
- Inserm; U836 Grenoble France
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble Institut des Neurosciences; Grenoble France
| | - Cécile Batandier
- Laboratoire de Bioénergétique Fondamentale et Appliquée; Grenoble France
| | - Mariano Bisbal
- Inserm; U836 Grenoble France
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble Institut des Neurosciences; Grenoble France
| | - Murielle Salomé
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF); Grenoble France
| | - Annie Andrieux
- Inserm; U836 Grenoble France
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble Institut des Neurosciences; Grenoble France
| | - Sylvain Bohic
- Inserm; U836 Grenoble France
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble Institut des Neurosciences; Grenoble France
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF); Grenoble France
| | - Emmanuel L. Barbier
- Inserm; U836 Grenoble France
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble Institut des Neurosciences; Grenoble France
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