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Mackiewicz J, Lisek M, Boczek T. Targeting CaN/NFAT in Alzheimer's brain degeneration. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1281882. [PMID: 38077352 PMCID: PMC10701682 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1281882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by a progressive loss of cognitive functions. While the exact causes of this debilitating disorder remain elusive, numerous investigations have characterized its two core pathologies: the presence of β-amyloid plaques and tau tangles. Additionally, multiple studies of postmortem brain tissue, as well as results from AD preclinical models, have consistently demonstrated the presence of a sustained inflammatory response. As the persistent immune response is associated with neurodegeneration, it became clear that it may also exacerbate other AD pathologies, providing a link between the initial deposition of β-amyloid plaques and the later development of neurofibrillary tangles. Initially discovered in T cells, the nuclear factor of activated T-cells (NFAT) is one of the main transcription factors driving the expression of inflammatory genes and thus regulating immune responses. NFAT-dependent production of inflammatory mediators is controlled by Ca2+-dependent protein phosphatase calcineurin (CaN), which dephosphorylates NFAT and promotes its transcriptional activity. A substantial body of evidence has demonstrated that aberrant CaN/NFAT signaling is linked to several pathologies observed in AD, including neuronal apoptosis, synaptic deficits, and glia activation. In view of this, the role of NFAT isoforms in AD has been linked to disease progression at different stages, some of which are paralleled to diminished cognitive status. The use of classical inhibitors of CaN/NFAT signaling, such as tacrolimus or cyclosporine, or adeno-associated viruses to specifically inhibit astrocytic NFAT activation, has alleviated some symptoms of AD by diminishing β-amyloid neurotoxicity and neuroinflammation. In this article, we discuss the recent findings related to the contribution of CaN/NFAT signaling to the progression of AD and highlight the possible benefits of targeting this pathway in AD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Tomasz Boczek
- Department of Molecular Neurochemistry, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
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Cheng J, Zheng H, Liu C, Jin J, Xing Z, Wu Y. Age-Associated UBE2O Reduction Promotes Neuronal Death in Alzheimer's Disease. J Alzheimers Dis 2023:JAD221143. [PMID: 37182872 DOI: 10.3233/jad-221143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disease leading to dementia in the elderly. Ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS) is critical for protein homeostasis, while the functional decline of UPS with age contributes to the pathogenesis of AD. Ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2O (UBE2O), an E2-E3 hybrid enzyme, is a major component of UPS. However, its role in AD pathogenesis has not been fully defined. OBJECTIVE We aimed to identify the age-associated expression of UBE2O and its role AD pathogenesis. METHODS Western blot analysis were used to assess expression of UBE2O in organs/tissues and cell lines. Immunofluorescence staining was performed to examine the cellular distribution of UBE2O. Neuronal death was determined by the activity of lactate dehydrogenase. RESULTS UBE2O is highly expressed in the cortex and hippocampus. It is predominantly expressed in neurons but not in glial cells. The peak expression of UBE2O is at postnatal day 17 and 14 in the cortex and hippocampus, respectively. Moreover its expression is gradually reduced with age. Importantly, UBE2O is significantly reduced in both cortex and hippocampus of AD mice. Consistently, overexpression of amyloid-β protein precursor (AβPP) with a pathogenic mutation (AβPPswe) for AD reduces the expression of UBE2O and promotes neuronal death, while increased expression of UBE2O rescues AβPPswe-induced neuronal death. CONCLUSION Our study indicates that age-associated reduction of UBE2O may facilitates neuronal death in AD, while increasing UBE2O expression or activity may be a potential approach for AD treatment by inhibiting neuronal death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Cheng
- Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Behavioral Medicine, School of Mental Health, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Huancheng Zheng
- Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Behavioral Medicine, School of Mental Health, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Chenyu Liu
- Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Alberta Institute, School of Mental Health and The Affiliated Kangning Hospital, Key Laboratory of Alzheimer's Disease of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou Medical University, Oujiang Laboratory Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jiabin Jin
- Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, School of Mental Health and The Affiliated Wenzhou Kangning Hospital, Key Laboratory of Alzheimer's Disease of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou Medical University, Oujiang Laboratory Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhenkai Xing
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Behavioral Medicine, School of Mental Health, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Yili Wu
- Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, School of Mental Health and The Affiliated Wenzhou Kangning Hospital, Key Laboratory of Alzheimer's Disease of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou Medical University, Oujiang Laboratory Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis, Treatment & Behavioral Interventions of Mental Disorders, Institute of Mental Health, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
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Gugliandolo A, Blando S, Salamone S, Caprioglio D, Pollastro F, Mazzon E, Chiricosta L. Δ8-THC Protects against Amyloid Beta Toxicity Modulating ER Stress In Vitro: A Transcriptomic Analysis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076598. [PMID: 37047608 PMCID: PMC10095455 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) represents the most common form of dementia, characterized by amyloid β (Aβ) plaques and neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs). It is characterized by neuroinflammation, the accumulation of misfolded protein, ER stress and neuronal apoptosis. It is of main importance to find new therapeutic strategies because AD prevalence is increasing worldwide. Cannabinoids are arising as promising neuroprotective phytocompounds. In this study, we evaluated the neuroprotective potential of Δ8-THC pretreatment in an in vitro model of AD through transcriptomic analysis. We found that Δ8-THC pretreatment restored the loss of cell viability in retinoic acid-differentiated neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells treated with Aβ1-42. Moreover, the transcriptomic analysis provided evidence that the enriched biological processes of gene ontology were related to ER functions and proteostasis. In particular, Aβ1-42 upregulated genes involved in ER stress and unfolded protein response, leading to apoptosis as demonstrated by the increase in Bax and the decrease in Bcl-2 both at gene and protein expression levels. Moreover, genes involved in protein folding and degradation were also deregulated. On the contrary, Δ8-THC pretreatment reduced ER stress and, as a consequence, neuronal apoptosis. Then, the results demonstrated that Δ8-THC might represent a new neuroprotective agent in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnese Gugliandolo
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi “Bonino-Pulejo”, Via Provinciale Palermo, Contrada Casazza, 98124 Messina, Italy
| | - Santino Blando
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi “Bonino-Pulejo”, Via Provinciale Palermo, Contrada Casazza, 98124 Messina, Italy
| | - Stefano Salamone
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Eastern Piedmont, Largo Donegani 2, 28100 Novara, Italy
- PlantaChem Srls, Via Amico Canobio 4/6, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Diego Caprioglio
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Eastern Piedmont, Largo Donegani 2, 28100 Novara, Italy
- PlantaChem Srls, Via Amico Canobio 4/6, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Federica Pollastro
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Eastern Piedmont, Largo Donegani 2, 28100 Novara, Italy
- PlantaChem Srls, Via Amico Canobio 4/6, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Emanuela Mazzon
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi “Bonino-Pulejo”, Via Provinciale Palermo, Contrada Casazza, 98124 Messina, Italy
| | - Luigi Chiricosta
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi “Bonino-Pulejo”, Via Provinciale Palermo, Contrada Casazza, 98124 Messina, Italy
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Li R, Song B, Xu L, Zheng J, Pan W, Cai F, Wang J, Wu Y, Song W. Regulation of USP25 by SP1 Associates with Amyloidogenesis. J Alzheimers Dis 2023; 92:1459-1472. [PMID: 36938736 DOI: 10.3233/jad-221184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Trisomy 21, an extra copy of human chromosome 21 (HSA21), causes most Down's syndrome (DS) cases. Individuals with DS inevitably develop Alzheimer's disease (AD) neuropathological phenotypes after middle age including amyloid plaques and tau neurofibrillary tangles. Ubiquitin Specific Peptidase 25 (USP25), encoding by USP25 gene located on HSA21, is a deubiquitinating enzyme, which plays an important role in both DS and AD pathogenesis. However, the regulation of USP25 remains unclear. OBJECTIVE We aimed to determine the regulation of USP25 by specificity protein 1 (SP1) in neuronal cells and its potential role in amyloidogenesis. METHODS The transcription start site and promoter activity was identified by SMART-RACE and Dual-luciferase assay. Functional SP1-responsive elements were examined by EMSA. USP25 expression was examined by RT-PCR and immunoblotting. Student's t-test or one-way ANOVA were applied or statistical analysis. RESULTS The transcription start site of human USP25 gene was identified. Three functional SP1 responsive elements in human USP25 gene were revealed. SP1 promotes USP25 transcription and subsequent USP25 protein expression, while SP1 inhibition significantly reduces USP25 expression in both non-neuronal and neuronal cells. Moreover, SP1 inhibition dramatically reduces amyloidogenesis. CONCLUSION We demonstrates that transcription factor SP1 regulates USP25 gene expression, which associates with amyloidogenesis. It suggests that SP1 signaling may play an important role in USP25 regulation and contribute to USP25-mediated DS and AD pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Li
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Institute of Aging, Key Laboratory of Alzheimer's Disease of Zhejiang Province,Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, School of Mental Health and Kangning Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Beibei Song
- Townsend Family Laboratories, Department of Psychiatry, Graduate Program in Neuroscience, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Lu Xu
- Institute of Aging, Key Laboratory of Alzheimer's Disease of Zhejiang Province,Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, School of Mental Health and Kangning Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jiali Zheng
- Institute of Aging, Key Laboratory of Alzheimer's Disease of Zhejiang Province,Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, School of Mental Health and Kangning Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wenhao Pan
- Institute of Aging, Key Laboratory of Alzheimer's Disease of Zhejiang Province,Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, School of Mental Health and Kangning Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Fang Cai
- Townsend Family Laboratories, Department of Psychiatry, Graduate Program in Neuroscience, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Juelu Wang
- Townsend Family Laboratories, Department of Psychiatry, Graduate Program in Neuroscience, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Yili Wu
- Institute of Aging, Key Laboratory of Alzheimer's Disease of Zhejiang Province,Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, School of Mental Health and Kangning Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Oujiang Laboratory Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Weihong Song
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Institute of Aging, Key Laboratory of Alzheimer's Disease of Zhejiang Province,Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, School of Mental Health and Kangning Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Oujiang Laboratory Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Choi C, Kim H, Oh J, Park C, Kim M, Kim CS, Park J. DSCR1 deficiency ameliorates the Aβ pathology of Alzheimer's disease by enhancing microglial activity. Life Sci Alliance 2023; 6:6/2/e202201556. [PMID: 36450444 PMCID: PMC9713304 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202201556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Microglial phagocytosis and clearance are important for the removal of amyloid-β (Aβ) plaques in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Chronic exposure of microglia to Aβ plaques leads to microglial metabolic dysfunction, and dysregulation of microglia can accelerate the deposition of Aβ plaques and cause learning and memory impairment. Thus, regulating microglial Aβ clearance is crucial for the development of therapeutics for AD-related dementia. Here, Down syndrome critical region 1 (DSCR1) deficiency ameliorated Aβ plaque deposition in the 5xFAD mouse model of AD by altering microglial activity; however, the Aβ synthesis pathway was not affected. DSCR1 deficiency improved spatial learning and memory impairment in 5xFAD mice. Furthermore, DSCR1-deficient microglia exhibited accelerated lysosomal degradation of Aβ after phagocytosis, and BV2 cells with stable knockdown of DSCR1 demonstrated enhanced lysosomal activity. RNA-sequencing analysis showed that the transcriptional signatures associated with responses to IFN-γ were significantly up-regulated in DSCR1-knockdown BV2 cells treated with Aβ. Our data strongly suggest that DSCR1 is a critical mediator of microglial degradation of amyloid plaques and a new potential microglial therapeutic target in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiyeol Choi
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Information and Bioengineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyerin Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Information and Bioengineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiyoung Oh
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Information and Bioengineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Chanho Park
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Information and Bioengineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Information and Bioengineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Chu-Sook Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Information and Bioengineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiyoung Park
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Information and Bioengineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, Republic of Korea
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6
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Yu W, Yin H, Sun Y, Shi S, Li J, Wang X. The attenuation effect of potassium 2-(1-hydroxypentyl)-benzoate in a mouse model of diabetes-associated cognitive decline: The protein expression in the brain. CNS Neurosci Ther 2022; 28:1108-1123. [PMID: 35445545 PMCID: PMC9160457 DOI: 10.1111/cns.13847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Revised: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims dl‐PHPB (potassium 2‐(1‐hydroxypentyl)‐benzoate) has been shown to have neuroprotective effects against acute cerebral ischemia, vascular dementia, and Alzheimer's disease. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of dl‐PHPB on memory deficits and preliminarily explore the underlying molecular mechanism. Methods Blood glucose and behavioral performance were evaluated in the KK‐Ay diabetic mouse model before and after dl‐PHPB administration. Two‐dimensional difference gel electrophoresis (2D‐DIGE)‐based proteomics was used to identify differentially expressed proteins in brain tissue. Western blotting was used to study the molecular mechanism of the related signaling pathways. Results Three‐month‐old KK‐Ay mice were given 150 mg/kg dl‐PHPB by oral gavage for 2 months, which produced no effect on the level of serum glucose. In the Morris water maze test, KK‐Ay mice treated with dl‐PHPB showed significant improvements in spatial learning and memory deficits compared with vehicle‐treated KK‐Ay mice. Additionally, we performed 2D‐DIGE to compare brain proteomes of 5‐month KK‐Ay mice treated with and without dl‐PHPB. We found 14 altered proteins in the cortex and 11 in the hippocampus; two of the 25 altered proteins and another four proteins that were identified in a previous study on KK‐Ay mice were then validated by western blot to further confirm whether dl‐PHPB can reverse the expression levels of these proteins. The phosphoinositide 3‐kinase/protein kinase B/glycogen synthase kinase‐3β (PI3K/Akt/GSK‐3β) signaling pathway was also changed in KK‐Ay mice and dl‐PHPB treatment could reverse it. Conclusions These results indicate that dl‐PHPB may play a potential role in diabetes‐associated cognitive impairment through PI3K/Akt/GSK‐3β signaling pathway and the differentially expressed proteins may become putative therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenwen Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmacology, Institute of materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Huajing Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmacology, Institute of materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yingni Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmacology, Institute of materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Si Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmacology, Institute of materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmacology, Institute of materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoliang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmacology, Institute of materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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Wong H, Buck JM, Borski C, Pafford JT, Keller BN, Milstead RA, Hanson JL, Stitzel JA, Hoeffer CA. RCAN1 knockout and overexpression recapitulate an ensemble of rest-activity and circadian disruptions characteristic of Down syndrome, Alzheimer's disease, and normative aging. J Neurodev Disord 2022; 14:33. [PMID: 35610565 PMCID: PMC9128232 DOI: 10.1186/s11689-022-09444-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Regulator of calcineurin 1 (RCAN1) is overexpressed in Down syndrome (DS), but RCAN1 levels are also increased in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and normal aging. AD is highly comorbid among individuals with DS and is characterized in part by progressive neurodegeneration that resembles accelerated aging. Importantly, abnormal RCAN1 levels have been demonstrated to promote memory deficits and pathophysiology that appear symptomatic of DS, AD, and aging. Anomalous diurnal rest-activity patterns and circadian rhythm disruptions are also common in DS, AD, and aging and have been implicated in facilitating age-related cognitive decline and AD progression. However, no prior studies have assessed whether RCAN1 dysregulation may also promote the age-associated alteration of rest-activity profiles and circadian rhythms, which could in turn contribute to neurodegeneration in DS, AD, and aging. METHODS The present study examined the impacts of RCAN1 deficiency and overexpression on the photic entrainment, circadian periodicity, intensity and distribution, diurnal patterning, and circadian rhythmicity of wheel running in young (3-6 months old) and aged (9-14 months old) mice of both sexes. RESULTS We found that daily RCAN1 levels in the hippocampus and suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) of light-entrained young mice are generally constant and that balanced RCAN1 expression is necessary for normal circadian locomotor activity rhythms. While the light-entrained diurnal period was unaltered, RCAN1-null and RCAN1-overexpressing mice displayed lengthened endogenous (free-running) circadian periods like mouse models of AD and aging. In light-entrained young mice, RCAN1 deficiency and overexpression also recapitulated the general hypoactivity, diurnal rest-wake pattern fragmentation, and attenuated amplitudes of circadian activity rhythms reported in DS, preclinical and clinical AD, healthily aging individuals, and rodent models thereof. Under constant darkness, RCAN1-null and RCAN1-overexpressing mice displayed altered locomotor behavior indicating circadian clock dysfunction. Using the Dp(16)1Yey/+ (Dp16) mouse model for DS, which expresses three copies of Rcan1, we found reduced wheel running activity and rhythmicity in both light-entrained and free-running young Dp16 mice like young RCAN1-overexpressing mice. Critically, these diurnal and circadian deficits were rescued in part or entirely by restoring Rcan1 to two copies in Dp16 mice. We also found that RCAN1 deficiency but not RCAN1 overexpression altered protein levels of the clock gene Bmal1 in the SCN. CONCLUSIONS Collectively, this study's findings suggest that both loss and aberrant gain of RCAN1 precipitate anomalous light-entrained diurnal and circadian activity patterns emblematic of DS, AD, and possibly aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen Wong
- Institute for Behavioral Genetics, University of Colorado Boulder, 1480 30th Street, Boulder, CO, 80309-0447, USA
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, 80303, USA
| | - Jordan M Buck
- Institute for Behavioral Genetics, University of Colorado Boulder, 1480 30th Street, Boulder, CO, 80309-0447, USA
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, 80303, USA
| | - Curtis Borski
- Institute for Behavioral Genetics, University of Colorado Boulder, 1480 30th Street, Boulder, CO, 80309-0447, USA
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, 80303, USA
| | - Jessica T Pafford
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, 80303, USA
| | - Bailey N Keller
- Institute for Behavioral Genetics, University of Colorado Boulder, 1480 30th Street, Boulder, CO, 80309-0447, USA
| | - Ryan A Milstead
- Institute for Behavioral Genetics, University of Colorado Boulder, 1480 30th Street, Boulder, CO, 80309-0447, USA
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, 80303, USA
| | - Jessica L Hanson
- Institute for Behavioral Genetics, University of Colorado Boulder, 1480 30th Street, Boulder, CO, 80309-0447, USA
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, 80303, USA
| | - Jerry A Stitzel
- Institute for Behavioral Genetics, University of Colorado Boulder, 1480 30th Street, Boulder, CO, 80309-0447, USA
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, 80303, USA
| | - Charles A Hoeffer
- Institute for Behavioral Genetics, University of Colorado Boulder, 1480 30th Street, Boulder, CO, 80309-0447, USA.
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, 80303, USA.
- Linda Crnic Institute, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA.
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Karayel-Basar M, Uras I, Kiris I, Sahin B, Akgun E, Baykal AT. Spatial proteomic alterations detected via MALDI-MS imaging implicate neuronal loss in a Huntington's disease mouse (YAC128) brain. Mol Omics 2022; 18:336-347. [PMID: 35129568 DOI: 10.1039/d1mo00440a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Huntington's disease (HD) is an autosomal dominant neurodegenerative disorder that occurs with the increase of CAG trinucleotide repeats in the huntingtin gene. To understand the mechanisms of HD, powerful proteomics techniques, such as liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) were employed. However, one major drawback of these methods is loss of the region-specific quantitative information of the proteins due to analysis of total tissue lysates. Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging (MALDI-MSI) is a MS-based label-free technique that works directly on tissue sections and gathers m/z values with their respective regional information. In this study, we established a data processing protocol that includes several software programs and methods to determine spatial protein alterations between the brain samples of a 12 month-old YAC128 HD mouse model and their non-transgenic littermates. 22 differentially expressed proteins were revealed with their respective regional information, and possible relationships of several proteins were discussed. As a validation of the MALDI-MSI analysis, a differentially expressed protein (GFAP) was verified using immunohistochemical staining. Furthermore, since several proteins detected in this study have previously been associated with neuronal loss, neuronal loss in the cortical region was demonstrated using an anti-NeuN immunohistochemical staining method. In conclusion, the findings of this research have provided insights into the spatial proteomic changes between HD transgenic and non-transgenic littermates and therefore, we suggest that MALDI-MSI is a powerful technique to determine spatial proteomic alterations between biological samples, and the data processing that we present here can be employed as a complementary tool for the data analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merve Karayel-Basar
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Health Sciences, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Irep Uras
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Health Sciences, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Irem Kiris
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Health Sciences, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Betul Sahin
- Acibadem Labmed Clinical Laboratories, R&D Center, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Emel Akgun
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Health Sciences, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Tarik Baykal
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, Istanbul, Turkey
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9
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Zenón-Meléndez CN, Carrasquillo Carrión K, Cantres Rosario Y, Roche Lima A, Meléndez LM. Inhibition of Cathepsin B and SAPC Secreted by HIV-Infected Macrophages Reverses Common and Unique Apoptosis Pathways. J Proteome Res 2022; 21:301-312. [PMID: 34994563 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.1c00187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) infects blood monocytes that cross the blood-brain barrier to the central nervous system, inducing neuronal damage. This is prompted by the secretion of viral and neurotoxic factors by HIV-infected macrophages, resulting in HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders. One of these neurotoxic factors is cathepsin B (CATB), a lysosomal cysteine protease that plays an important role in neurodegeneration. CATB interacts with the serum amyloid P component (SAPC), contributing to HIV-induced neurotoxicity. However, the neuronal apoptosis pathways triggered by CATB and the SAPC remain unknown. We aimed to elucidate these pathways in neurons exposed to HIV-infected macrophage-conditioned media before and after the inhibition of CATB or the SAPC with antibodies using tandem mass tag proteomics labeling. Based on the significant fold change (FC) ≥ |2| and p-value < 0.05 criteria, a total of 10, 48, and 13 proteins were deregulated after inhibiting CATB, SAPC antibodies, and the CATB inhibitor CA-074, respectively. We found that neurons exposed to the CATB antibody and SAPC antibody modulate similar proteins (TUBA1A and CYPA/PPIA) and unique proteins (LMNA and HSPH1 for the CATB antibody) or (CFL1 and PFN1 for the SAPC antibody). CATB, SAPC, or apoptosis-related proteins could become potential targets against HIV-induced neuronal degeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camille N Zenón-Meléndez
- Department of Microbiology and Medical Zoology, University of Puerto Rico Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan 00935, Puerto Rico
| | - Kelvin Carrasquillo Carrión
- Bioinformatics and Health Informatics, University of Puerto Rico Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan 00935, Puerto Rico
| | - Yadira Cantres Rosario
- Translational Proteomics Center, University of Puerto Rico Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan 00935, Puerto Rico
| | - Abiel Roche Lima
- Bioinformatics and Health Informatics, University of Puerto Rico Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan 00935, Puerto Rico
| | - Loyda M Meléndez
- Department of Microbiology and Medical Zoology, University of Puerto Rico Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan 00935, Puerto Rico.,Translational Proteomics Center, University of Puerto Rico Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan 00935, Puerto Rico
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10
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Regulator of calcineurin 1 is a novel RNA-binding protein to regulate neuronal apoptosis. Mol Psychiatry 2021; 26:1361-1375. [PMID: 31451750 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-019-0487-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Revised: 05/16/2019] [Accepted: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Posttranscriptional regulation of gene expression plays an important role in the maturation, transport, stability and translation of coding and noncoding RNAs. RNA-binding protein (RBP) is a key factor of the regulation. Regulator of calcineurin 1 (RCAN1) is a multifunctional protein involved in neurodegeneration, mitochondrial dysfunction, inflammation and protein glycosylation, and plays an important role in the pathogenesis of Down syndrome and Alzheimer's disease. In this report, we discovered that RCNA1 is a novel RNA-binding protein. A 23 nucleotide sequence of adenine nucleotide translocator (ANT1) mRNA was identified as the binding motif of RCAN1. Furthermore, we found that R1SR13, as the RNA aptamer of RCAN1 identified by SELEX, blocked RCAN1-induced inhibition of the nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) and NF-κB signaling pathways, and reduced neuronal apoptosis. Taken together, our results demonstrate that RCAN1 is a novel RNA-binding protein and the RNA aptamer of RCAN1 plays a neuroprotective role.
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11
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Proteasome Subunits Involved in Neurodegenerative Diseases. Arch Med Res 2020; 52:1-14. [PMID: 32962866 DOI: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2020.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Revised: 07/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The ubiquitin-proteasome system is the major pathway for the maintenance of protein homeostasis. Its inhibition causes accumulation of ubiquitinated proteins; this accumulation has been associated with several of the most common neurodegenerative diseases. Several genetic factors have been identified for most neurodegenerative diseases, however, most cases are considered idiopathic, thus making the study of the mechanisms of protein accumulation a relevant field of research. It is often mentioned that the biggest risk factor for neurodegenerative diseases is aging, and several groups have reported an age-related alteration of the expression of some of the 26S proteasome subunits and a reduction of its activity. Proteasome subunits interact with proteins that are known to accumulate in neurodegenerative diseases such as α-synuclein in Parkinson's, tau in Alzheimer's, and huntingtin in Huntington's diseases. These interactions have been explored for several years, but only until recently, we are beginning to understand them. In this review, we discuss the known interactions, the underlying patterns, and the phenotypes associated with the 26S proteasome subunits in the etiology and progression of neurodegenerative diseases where there is evidence of proteasome involvement. Special emphasis is made in reviewing proteasome subunits that interact with proteins known to have an age-related altered expression or to be involved in neurodegenerative diseases to explore key effectors that may trigger or augment their progression. Interestingly, while the causes of age-related reduction of some of the proteasome subunits are not known, there are specific relationships between the observed neurodegenerative disease and the affected proteasome subunits.
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12
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Qiu K, Liang W, Wang S, Kong T, Wang X, Li C, Wang Z, Wu Y. BACE2 degradation is mediated by both the proteasome and lysosome pathways. BMC Mol Cell Biol 2020; 21:13. [PMID: 32160867 PMCID: PMC7066761 DOI: 10.1186/s12860-020-00260-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Alzheimer’s disease is the most common neurodegenerative disease in the elderly. Amyloid-β protein (Aβ) is the major component of neuritic plaques which are the hallmark of AD pathology. β-site APP cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE1) is the major β-secretase contributing to Aβ generation. β-site APP-cleaving enzyme 2 (BACE2), the homolog of BACE1, might play a complex role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease as it is not only a θ-secretase but also a conditional β-secretase. Dysregulation of BACE2 is observed in Alzheimer’s disease. However, the regulation of BACE2 is less studied compared with BACE1, including its degradation pathways. In this study, we investigated the turnover rates and degradation pathways of BACE2 in both neuronal cells and non-neuronal cells. Results Both lysosomal inhibition and proteasomal inhibition cause a time- and dose-dependent increase of transiently overexpressed BACE2 in HEK293 cells. The half-life of transiently overexpressed BACE2 protein is approximately 6 h. Moreover, the half-life of endogenous BACE2 protein is approximately 4 h in both HEK293 cells and mouse primary cortical neurons. Furthermore, both lysosomal inhibition and proteasomal inhibition markedly increases endogenous BACE2 in HEK293 cells and mouse primary cortical neurons. Conclusions This study demonstrates that BACE2 is degraded by both the proteasome and lysosome pathways in both neuronal and non-neuronal cells at endogenous level and in transient overexpression system. It indicates that BACE2 dysregulation might be mediated by the proteasomal and lysosomal impairment in Alzheimer’s disease. This study advances our understanding of the regulation of BACE2 and provides a potential mechanism of its dysregulation in Alzheimer’s disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaixin Qiu
- Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 Wenhua West Road, LixiaDistrict, Jinan, Shandong, China.,Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis, Treatment and Behavioral Interventions of mental disorders, Institute of Mental Health, Jining Medical University, 133 Hehua Road, Taibaihu New District, Jining, 272067, Shandong, China.,Shandong Key Laboratory of Behavioral Medicine, School of Mental Health, Jining Medical University, 133 Hehua Road, Taibaihu New District, Jining, Shandong, China
| | - Wenping Liang
- The National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disease, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Shuai Wang
- Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis, Treatment and Behavioral Interventions of mental disorders, Institute of Mental Health, Jining Medical University, 133 Hehua Road, Taibaihu New District, Jining, 272067, Shandong, China.,Shandong Key Laboratory of Behavioral Medicine, School of Mental Health, Jining Medical University, 133 Hehua Road, Taibaihu New District, Jining, Shandong, China
| | - Tingting Kong
- Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 Wenhua West Road, LixiaDistrict, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis, Treatment and Behavioral Interventions of mental disorders, Institute of Mental Health, Jining Medical University, 133 Hehua Road, Taibaihu New District, Jining, 272067, Shandong, China.,Shandong Key Laboratory of Behavioral Medicine, School of Mental Health, Jining Medical University, 133 Hehua Road, Taibaihu New District, Jining, Shandong, China
| | - Chunyan Li
- Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 Wenhua West Road, LixiaDistrict, Jinan, Shandong, China.,Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis, Treatment and Behavioral Interventions of mental disorders, Institute of Mental Health, Jining Medical University, 133 Hehua Road, Taibaihu New District, Jining, 272067, Shandong, China.,Shandong Key Laboratory of Behavioral Medicine, School of Mental Health, Jining Medical University, 133 Hehua Road, Taibaihu New District, Jining, Shandong, China
| | - Zhe Wang
- The National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disease, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yili Wu
- Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis, Treatment and Behavioral Interventions of mental disorders, Institute of Mental Health, Jining Medical University, 133 Hehua Road, Taibaihu New District, Jining, 272067, Shandong, China. .,Shandong Key Laboratory of Behavioral Medicine, School of Mental Health, Jining Medical University, 133 Hehua Road, Taibaihu New District, Jining, Shandong, China.
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13
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Yang S, Wang J, Guo S, Huang D, Lorigados IB, Nie X, Lou D, Li Y, Liu M, Kang Y, Zhou W, Song W. Transcriptional activation of USP16 gene expression by NFκB signaling. Mol Brain 2019; 12:120. [PMID: 31888715 PMCID: PMC6937840 DOI: 10.1186/s13041-019-0535-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2019] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Ubiquitin Specific Peptidase 16 (USP16) has been reported to contribute to somatic stem-cell defects in Down syndrome. However, how this gene being regulated is largely unknown. To study the mechanism underlying USP16 gene expression, USP16 gene promoter was cloned and analyzed by luciferase assay. We identified that the 5′ flanking region (− 1856 bp ~ + 468 bp) of the human USP16 gene contained the functional promotor to control its transcription. Three bona fide NFκB binding sites were found in USP16 promoter. We showed that p65 overexpression enhanced endogenous USP16 mRNA level. Furthermore, LPS and TNFα, strong activators of the NFκB pathway, upregulated the USP16 transcription. Our data demonstrate that USP16 gene expression is tightly regulated at transcription level. NFκB signaling regulates the human USP16 gene expression through three cis-acting elements. The results provide novel insights into a potential role of dysregulation of USP16 expression in Alzheimer’s dementia in Down Syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shou Yang
- Chongqing City Key Lab of Translational Medical Research in Cognitive Development and Learning and Memory Disorders, and Ministry of Education Key Lab of Child Development and Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, China
| | - Juelu Wang
- Townsend Family Laboratories, Department of Psychiatry, The University of British Columbia, 2255 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Shipeng Guo
- Chongqing City Key Lab of Translational Medical Research in Cognitive Development and Learning and Memory Disorders, and Ministry of Education Key Lab of Child Development and Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, China
| | - Daochao Huang
- Chongqing City Key Lab of Translational Medical Research in Cognitive Development and Learning and Memory Disorders, and Ministry of Education Key Lab of Child Development and Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, China
| | - Isabel Bestard Lorigados
- Townsend Family Laboratories, Department of Psychiatry, The University of British Columbia, 2255 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Xing Nie
- Chongqing City Key Lab of Translational Medical Research in Cognitive Development and Learning and Memory Disorders, and Ministry of Education Key Lab of Child Development and Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, China
| | - Dandan Lou
- Chongqing City Key Lab of Translational Medical Research in Cognitive Development and Learning and Memory Disorders, and Ministry of Education Key Lab of Child Development and Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, China
| | - Yanhua Li
- Chongqing City Key Lab of Translational Medical Research in Cognitive Development and Learning and Memory Disorders, and Ministry of Education Key Lab of Child Development and Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, China
| | - Mingjing Liu
- Chongqing City Key Lab of Translational Medical Research in Cognitive Development and Learning and Memory Disorders, and Ministry of Education Key Lab of Child Development and Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, China
| | - Yu Kang
- Chongqing City Key Lab of Translational Medical Research in Cognitive Development and Learning and Memory Disorders, and Ministry of Education Key Lab of Child Development and Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, China
| | - Weihui Zhou
- Chongqing City Key Lab of Translational Medical Research in Cognitive Development and Learning and Memory Disorders, and Ministry of Education Key Lab of Child Development and Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, China.
| | - Weihong Song
- Chongqing City Key Lab of Translational Medical Research in Cognitive Development and Learning and Memory Disorders, and Ministry of Education Key Lab of Child Development and Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, China. .,Townsend Family Laboratories, Department of Psychiatry, The University of British Columbia, 2255 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada.
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14
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Chen X, Xu B, Nie L, He K, Zhou L, Huang X, Spencer P, Yang X, Liu J. Flavanol-rich lychee fruit extract substantially reduces progressive cognitive and molecular deficits in a triple-transgenic animal model of Alzheimer disease. Nutr Neurosci 2019; 24:720-734. [PMID: 31603034 DOI: 10.1080/1028415x.2019.1673527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Effective treatment to prevent or arrest the advance of Alzheimer disease (AD) has yet to be discovered. We investigated whether OligonolR, an FDA-approved flavanol-rich extract prepared from lychee fruit and green tea, exerted beneficial effects relevant to AD in a triple transgenic male mouse model of AD (3×Tg-AD). At 9 months of age, untreated 3×Tg-AD mice vs. wild-type (WT) controls displayed cognitive deficits in behavioral assays and, at 12 months, elevated levels of hippocampal amyloid beta-protein (Aβ), amyloid precursor protein (APP), tau phosphorylation, and pro-inflammatory cytokines. 3×Tg-AD mice given Oligonol showed fewer cognitive deficits and attenuated pathological indices at 12 months. Oligonol treatment of 3×Tg-AD mice modulated expression of some critical brain proteins that involve multiple pathways relevant to mitochondrial dysfunction, proteasomal failure, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and synaptic impairment. Together, these results demonstrate that continuous Oligonol treatment attenuates AD-like pathology and cognitive impairment of 3×Tg-AD mice and set the stage for clinical trials of this flavanol-rich plant extract in patients with early AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Chen
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Shenzhen, Institute of Toxicology, Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Benhong Xu
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Shenzhen, Institute of Toxicology, Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Luling Nie
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Shenzhen, Institute of Toxicology, Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Kaiwu He
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Shenzhen, Institute of Toxicology, Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Shenzhen, Institute of Toxicology, Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinfeng Huang
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Shenzhen, Institute of Toxicology, Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Peter Spencer
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Oregon Institute of Occupational Health Sciences, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Xifei Yang
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Shenzhen, Institute of Toxicology, Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianjun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Shenzhen, Institute of Toxicology, Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
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15
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Ji B, Wang Q, Xue Q, Li W, Li X, Wu Y. The Dual Role of Kinin/Kinin Receptors System in Alzheimer's Disease. Front Mol Neurosci 2019; 12:234. [PMID: 31632239 PMCID: PMC6779775 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2019.00234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 09/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disease characterized by progressive spatial disorientation, learning and memory deficits, responsible for 60%–80% of all dementias. However, the pathological mechanism of AD remains unknown. Numerous studies revealed that kinin/kinin receptors system (KKS) may be involved in the pathophysiology of AD. In this review article, we summarized the roles of KKS in neuroinflammation, cerebrovascular impairment, tau phosphorylation, and amyloid β (Aβ) generation in AD. Moreover, we provide new insights into the mechanistic link between KKS and AD, and highlight the KKS as a potential therapeutic target for AD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingyuan Ji
- Neurobiology Institute, School of Mental Health, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Qinqin Wang
- Neurobiology Institute, School of Mental Health, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Qingjie Xue
- Department of Pathogenic Biology, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Wenfu Li
- Neurobiology Institute, School of Mental Health, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Xuezhi Li
- Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis, Treatment and Behavioral Interventions of Mental Disorders, Institute of Mental Health, Jining Medical University, Jining, China.,Shandong Key Laboratory of Behavioral Medicine, School of Mental Health, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Yili Wu
- Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis, Treatment and Behavioral Interventions of Mental Disorders, Institute of Mental Health, Jining Medical University, Jining, China.,Shandong Key Laboratory of Behavioral Medicine, School of Mental Health, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
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16
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Li C, Wang X, Li X, Qiu K, Jiao F, Liu Y, Kong Q, Liu Y, Wu Y. Proteasome Inhibition Activates Autophagy-Lysosome Pathway Associated With TFEB Dephosphorylation and Nuclear Translocation. Front Cell Dev Biol 2019; 7:170. [PMID: 31508418 PMCID: PMC6713995 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2019.00170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2019] [Accepted: 08/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Ubiquitin-proteasome pathway (UPS) and autophagy-lysosome pathway (ALP) are the two major protein degradation pathways, which are critical for proteostasis. Growing evidence indicates that proteasome inhibition-induced ALP activation is an adaptive response. Transcription Factor EB (TFEB) is a master regulator of ALP. However, the characteristics of TFEB and its role in proteasome inhibition-induced ALP activation are not fully investigated. Here we reported that the half-life of TFEB is around 13.5 h in neuronal-like cells, and TFEB is degraded through proteasome pathway in both neuronal-like and non-neuronal cells. Moreover, proteasome impairment not only promotes TFEB accumulation but also facilitates its dephosphorylation and nuclear translocation. In addition, proteasome inhibition-induced TFEB accumulation, dephosphorylation and nuclear translocation significantly increases the expression of a number of TFEB downstream genes involved in ALP activation, including microtubule-associated protein 1B light chain-3 (LC3), particularly LC3-II, cathepsin D and lysosomal-associated membrane protein 1 (LAMP1). Furthermore, we demonstrated that proteasome inhibition increases autophagosome biogenesis but not impairs autophagic flux. Our study advances the understanding of features of TFEB and indicates that TFEB might be a key mediator of proteasome impairment-induced ALP activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyan Li
- Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis, Treatment and Behavioral Interventions of Mental Disorders, Institute of Mental Health, Jining Medical University, Jining, China.,Shandong Key Laboratory of Behavioral Medicine, School of Mental Health, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis, Treatment and Behavioral Interventions of Mental Disorders, Institute of Mental Health, Jining Medical University, Jining, China.,Shandong Key Laboratory of Behavioral Medicine, School of Mental Health, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Xuezhi Li
- Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis, Treatment and Behavioral Interventions of Mental Disorders, Institute of Mental Health, Jining Medical University, Jining, China.,Shandong Key Laboratory of Behavioral Medicine, School of Mental Health, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Kaixin Qiu
- Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis, Treatment and Behavioral Interventions of Mental Disorders, Institute of Mental Health, Jining Medical University, Jining, China.,Shandong Key Laboratory of Behavioral Medicine, School of Mental Health, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Fengjuan Jiao
- Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis, Treatment and Behavioral Interventions of Mental Disorders, Institute of Mental Health, Jining Medical University, Jining, China.,Shandong Key Laboratory of Behavioral Medicine, School of Mental Health, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Yidan Liu
- Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Qingxia Kong
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis, Treatment and Behavioral Interventions of Mental Disorders, Institute of Mental Health, Jining Medical University, Jining, China.,Shandong Key Laboratory of Behavioral Medicine, School of Mental Health, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Yili Wu
- Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis, Treatment and Behavioral Interventions of Mental Disorders, Institute of Mental Health, Jining Medical University, Jining, China.,Shandong Key Laboratory of Behavioral Medicine, School of Mental Health, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
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17
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Qiu K, Zhang X, Wang S, Li C, Wang X, Li X, Wu Y. TMP21 in Alzheimer's Disease: Molecular Mechanisms and a Potential Target. Front Cell Neurosci 2019; 13:328. [PMID: 31379512 PMCID: PMC6651510 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2019.00328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia in the elderly, which is characterized by progressive cognitive impairment. Neuritic plaques, neurofibrillary tangles and neuronal loss are the major neuropathological hallmarks in AD brains. TMP21 is a key molecule for protein trafficking in cells. Growing evidence indicates that TMP21 is dysregulated in AD, which plays a pivotal role in neuritic plaque formation. Therefore, we aim to review the dysregulation of TMP21 in AD, the role of TMP21 in neuritic plaque formation and underlying mechanisms. Moreover, the potential role of TMP21 in neurofibrillary tangle formation, synaptic impairment and neuronal loss is discussed. It will provide an outlook into the potential of regulating TMP21 as a therapeutic approach for AD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaixin Qiu
- Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis, Treatment and Behavioral Interventions, Institute of Mental Health, Jining Medical University, Jining, China.,Shandong Key Laboratory of Behavioral Medicine, School of Mental Health, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Xiaojie Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Changsha, China.,National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, Changsha, China
| | - Shuai Wang
- Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis, Treatment and Behavioral Interventions, Institute of Mental Health, Jining Medical University, Jining, China.,Shandong Key Laboratory of Behavioral Medicine, School of Mental Health, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Chunyan Li
- Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis, Treatment and Behavioral Interventions, Institute of Mental Health, Jining Medical University, Jining, China.,Shandong Key Laboratory of Behavioral Medicine, School of Mental Health, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis, Treatment and Behavioral Interventions, Institute of Mental Health, Jining Medical University, Jining, China.,Shandong Key Laboratory of Behavioral Medicine, School of Mental Health, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Xuezhi Li
- Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis, Treatment and Behavioral Interventions, Institute of Mental Health, Jining Medical University, Jining, China.,Shandong Key Laboratory of Behavioral Medicine, School of Mental Health, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Yili Wu
- Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis, Treatment and Behavioral Interventions, Institute of Mental Health, Jining Medical University, Jining, China.,Shandong Key Laboratory of Behavioral Medicine, School of Mental Health, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
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18
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Tian Y, Wang S, Jiao F, Kong Q, Liu C, Wu Y. Telomere Length: A Potential Biomarker for the Risk and Prognosis of Stroke. Front Neurol 2019; 10:624. [PMID: 31263449 PMCID: PMC6585102 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2019.00624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2018] [Accepted: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Stroke is one of the leading causes of death and disability worldwide. Age is associated with increased risk of stroke, while telomere length shortening plays a pivotal role in the process of aging. Moreover, telomere length shortening is associated with many risk factors of stroke in addition to age. Accumulated evidence shows that short leukocyte telomere length is not only associated with stroke occurrence but also associated with post-stroke recovery in the elderly population. In this review, we aimed to summarize the association between leukocyte telomere length and stroke, and discuss that telomere length might serve as a potential biomarker to predict the risk and prognosis of stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanjun Tian
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Birth Defect Research and Transformation of Shandong Province, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Shuai Wang
- Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis, Treatment and Behavioral Interventions of Mental Disorders, Institute of Mental Health, Jining Medical University, Jining, China.,Shandong Key Laboratory of Behavioral Medicine, School of Mental Health, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Fengjuan Jiao
- Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis, Treatment and Behavioral Interventions of Mental Disorders, Institute of Mental Health, Jining Medical University, Jining, China.,Shandong Key Laboratory of Behavioral Medicine, School of Mental Health, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Qingsheng Kong
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Birth Defect Research and Transformation of Shandong Province, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Chuanxin Liu
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Birth Defect Research and Transformation of Shandong Province, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Yili Wu
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Birth Defect Research and Transformation of Shandong Province, Jining Medical University, Jining, China.,Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis, Treatment and Behavioral Interventions of Mental Disorders, Institute of Mental Health, Jining Medical University, Jining, China.,Shandong Key Laboratory of Behavioral Medicine, School of Mental Health, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
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19
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Fang H, Li HF, Yang M, Liao R, Wang RR, Wang QY, Zheng PC, Zhang FX, Zhang JP. NF-κB signaling pathway inhibition suppresses hippocampal neuronal apoptosis and cognitive impairment via RCAN1 in neonatal rats with hypoxic-ischemic brain damage. Cell Cycle 2019; 18:1001-1018. [PMID: 30990350 PMCID: PMC6527272 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2019.1608128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
NF-κB is a core transcription factor, the activation of which can lead to hypoxic-ischemic brain damage (HIBD), while RCAN1 plays a protective role in HIBD. However, the relationship between NF-κB and RCAN1 in HIBD remains unclear. This study aimed to explore the mechanism of NF-κB signaling pathway in hippocampal neuron apoptosis and cognitive impairment of neonatal rats with HIBD in relation to RCAN1. Initially, microarray analysis was used to determine the differentially expressed genes related to HIBD. After the establishment of HIBD rat models, gain- or loss-of-function assay was performed to explore the functional role of NF-κB signaling pathway in HIBD. Then, the learning and memory ability of rats was evaluated. Expression of RCAN1, NF-κB signaling pathway-related genes and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), S-100β and acetylcholine (Ach) level, and acetylcholinesterase (AchE) activity were determined with neuron apoptosis detected to further explore the function of NF-κB signaling pathway. RCAN1 could influence the development of HIBD. In the HIBD model, the expression of RCAN1 and NF-κB-related genes increased, and NF-κB p65 showed a significant nuclear shift. By activation of NF-κB or overexpression of RCAN1, the number of neuronal apoptosis, S-100β protein level, and AchE level increased significantly, Ach activity decreased significantly, and GFAP positive cells increased. In addition, after the activation of NF-κB or overexpression of RCAN1, the learning and memory ability of HIBD rats was inhibited. All the results show that activation of NF-κB signaling pathway promotes RCAN1 expression, thus increasing neuronal apoptosis and aggravating cognitive impairment in HIBD rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Fang
- a Department of Anesthesiology , Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital , Guiyang , P. R. China.,b Department of Anesthesiology , Guizhou University People's Hospital, , Guiyang, P. R. China
| | - Hua-Feng Li
- c Department of Anesthesiology, West China Second University Hospital , Sichuan University , Chengdu , P. R. China
| | - Miao Yang
- a Department of Anesthesiology , Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital , Guiyang , P. R. China.,b Department of Anesthesiology , Guizhou University People's Hospital, , Guiyang, P. R. China
| | - Ren Liao
- d Department of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital , Sichuan University , Chengdu , P. R. China
| | - Ru-Rong Wang
- d Department of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital , Sichuan University , Chengdu , P. R. China
| | - Quan-Yun Wang
- d Department of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital , Sichuan University , Chengdu , P. R. China
| | - Peng-Cheng Zheng
- e Guizhou University Research Center for Analysis of Drugs and Metabolites , Guizhou University , Chengdu , P. R. China
| | - Fang-Xiang Zhang
- a Department of Anesthesiology , Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital , Guiyang , P. R. China.,b Department of Anesthesiology , Guizhou University People's Hospital, , Guiyang, P. R. China
| | - Jian-Ping Zhang
- a Department of Anesthesiology , Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital , Guiyang , P. R. China.,b Department of Anesthesiology , Guizhou University People's Hospital, , Guiyang, P. R. China
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20
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Zhang X, Wu Y, Cai F, Song W. Regulation of global gene expression in brain by TMP21. Mol Brain 2019; 12:39. [PMID: 31036051 PMCID: PMC6489340 DOI: 10.1186/s13041-019-0460-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
TMP21, a type I transmembrane protein of thep24 protein family, mediates protein trafficking and maturation. Dysregulation of TMP21 is implicated in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). However, underlying mechanisms remain elusive. To reveal the function of TMP21 in the brain and the pathogenic role of TMP21 in the brain of AD, the global gene expression was profiled in the brain of TMP21 knockdown mice. We found that 8196 and 8195 genes are significantly altered in the hippocampus and cortex, respectively. The genes are involved in a number of brain function-related pathways, including glutamatergic synapse pathway, serotonergic synapse pathway, synaptic vesicle pathway, and long-term depression pathway. Moreover, the network analysis suggests that the TMP21 may contribute to the pathogenesis of AD by regulatingPI3K/Akt/GSK3β signalling pathway. Our study provides an insight into the physiological function of TMP21 in the brain and pathological role of TMP21 in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojie Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Townsend Family Laboratories, Department of Psychiatry, The University of British Columbia, 2255 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Yili Wu
- Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis, Treatment and Behavioral Interventions of Mental Disorders, Institute of Mental Health, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, China
| | - Fang Cai
- Townsend Family Laboratories, Department of Psychiatry, The University of British Columbia, 2255 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Weihong Song
- Townsend Family Laboratories, Department of Psychiatry, The University of British Columbia, 2255 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada.
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21
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Liu HY, Fu X, Li YF, Li XL, Ma ZY, Zhang Y, Gao QC. miR-15b-5p targeting amyloid precursor protein is involved in the anti-amyloid eflect of curcumin in swAPP695-HEK293 cells. Neural Regen Res 2019; 14:1603-1609. [PMID: 31089060 PMCID: PMC6557094 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.255979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Curcumin exerts a neuroprotective effect on Alzheimer's disease; however, it is not known whether microRNAs are involved in this protective effect. This study was conducted using swAPP695-HEK293 cells as an Alzheimer's disease cell model. swAPP695-HEK293 cells were treated with 0, 0.5, 1, 2, 5, and 10 μM curcumin for 24 hours. The changes in miR-15b-5p, miR-19a-3p, miR-195-5p, miR-101-3p, miR-216b-5p, miR-16-5p and miR-185-5p expression were assessed by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The mRNA and protein levels of amyloid precursor protein, amyloid-β40 and amyloid-β42 were evaluated by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, western blot assays and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. swAPP695-HEK293 cells were transfected with miR-15b-5p mimic, or treated with 1 μM curcumin 24 hours before miR-15b-5p inhibitor transfection. The effects of curcumin on amyloid precursor protein, amyloid-β40 and amyloid-β42 levels were evaluated by western blot assays and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Luciferase assays were used to analyze the interaction between miR-15b-5p and the 3'-untranslated region of amyloid precursor protein. The results show that amyloid precursor protein and amyloid-β expression were enhanced in swAPP695-HEK293 cells compared with HEK293 parental cells. Curcumin suppressed the expression of amyloid precursor protein and amyloid-β and up-regulated the expression of miR-15b-5p in swAPP695-HEK293 cells. In addition, we found a negative association of miR-15b-5p expression with amyloid precursor protein and amyloid-β levels in the curcumin-treated cells. Luciferase assays revealed that miR-15b-5p impaired the luciferase activity of the plasmid harboring the 3'-untranslated region of amyloid precursor protein. These findings indicate that curcumin down-regulates the expression of amyloid precursor protein and amyloid-β in swAPP695-HEK293 cells, which was partially mediated by miR-15b-5p via targeting of the 3'-untranslated region of amyloid precursor protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Ying Liu
- Department of Neurology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xian Fu
- Department of Neurology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - You-Fu Li
- Department of Neurology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xian-Liang Li
- Department of Neurology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Zhen-Yu Ma
- Department of Neurology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Neurology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Qing-Chun Gao
- Department of Neurology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
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22
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Fu Q, Wu Y. RCAN1 in the inverse association between Alzheimer's disease and cancer. Oncotarget 2017; 9:54-66. [PMID: 29416595 PMCID: PMC5787488 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.23094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2017] [Accepted: 11/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The inverse association between Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and cancer has been reported in several population-based studies although both of them are age-related disorders. However, molecular mechanisms of the inverse association remain elusive. Increased expression of regulator of calcineurin 1 (RCAN1) promotes the pathogenesis of AD, while it suppresses cancer growth and progression in many types of cancer. Moreover, aberrant RCAN1 expression is detected in both AD and various types of cancer. It suggests that RCAN1 may play a key role in the inverse association between AD and cancer. In this article, we aim to review the role of RCAN1 in the inverse association and discuss underlying mechanisms, providing an insight into developing a novel approach to treat AD and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Fu
- Department of General Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Yili Wu
- Department of Psychiatry, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, China.,Shandong Key Laboratory of Behavioral Medicine, Jining, Shandong, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Birth Defect Research and Transformation of Shandong Province, Jining, Shandong, China
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23
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Wang X, Zhou X, Li G, Zhang Y, Wu Y, Song W. Modifications and Trafficking of APP in the Pathogenesis of Alzheimer's Disease. Front Mol Neurosci 2017; 10:294. [PMID: 28966576 PMCID: PMC5605621 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2017.00294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2017] [Accepted: 08/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD), the most common neurodegenerative disorder, is the leading cause of dementia. Neuritic plaque, one of the major characteristics of AD neuropathology, mainly consists of amyloid β (Aβ) protein. Aβ is derived from amyloid precursor protein (APP) by sequential cleavages of β- and γ-secretase. Although APP upregulation can promote AD pathogenesis by facilitating Aβ production, growing evidence indicates that aberrant post-translational modifications and trafficking of APP play a pivotal role in AD pathogenesis by dysregulating APP processing and Aβ generation. In this report, we reviewed the current knowledge of APP modifications and trafficking as well as their role in APP processing. More importantly, we discussed the effect of aberrant APP modifications and trafficking on Aβ generation and the underlying mechanisms, which may provide novel strategies for drug development in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, Jining Medical UniversityJining, China.,Shandong Key Laboratory of Behavioral Medicine, Jining Medical UniversityJining, China
| | - Xuan Zhou
- Department of Psychiatry, Jining Medical UniversityJining, China.,Shandong Key Laboratory of Behavioral Medicine, Jining Medical UniversityJining, China
| | - Gongying Li
- Department of Psychiatry, Jining Medical UniversityJining, China.,Shandong Key Laboratory of Behavioral Medicine, Jining Medical UniversityJining, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Birth Defect Research and Transformation of Shandong Province, Jining Medical UniversityJining, China
| | - Yun Zhang
- Townsend Family Laboratories, Department of Psychiatry, The University of British ColumbiaVancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Yili Wu
- Department of Psychiatry, Jining Medical UniversityJining, China.,Shandong Key Laboratory of Behavioral Medicine, Jining Medical UniversityJining, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Birth Defect Research and Transformation of Shandong Province, Jining Medical UniversityJining, China.,Townsend Family Laboratories, Department of Psychiatry, The University of British ColumbiaVancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Weihong Song
- Townsend Family Laboratories, Department of Psychiatry, The University of British ColumbiaVancouver, BC, Canada
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24
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Zeng J, Chen L, Wang Z, Chen Q, Fan Z, Jiang H, Wu Y, Ren L, Chen J, Li T, Song W. Marginal vitamin A deficiency facilitates Alzheimer's pathogenesis. Acta Neuropathol 2017; 133:967-982. [PMID: 28130638 DOI: 10.1007/s00401-017-1669-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2016] [Revised: 01/04/2017] [Accepted: 01/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Deposition of amyloid β protein (Aβ) to form neuritic plaques in the brain is the unique pathological hallmark of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Aβ is derived from amyloid β precursor protein (APP) by β- and γ-secretase cleavages and turned over by glia in the central nervous system (CNS). Vitamin A deficiency (VAD) has been shown to affect cognitive functions. Marginal vitamin A deficiency (MVAD) is a serious and widespread public health problem among pregnant women and children in developing countries. However, the role of MVAD in the pathogenesis of AD remains elusive. Our study showed that MVAD is approximately twofold more prevalent than VAD in the elderly, and increased cognitive decline is positively correlated with lower VA levels. We found that MVAD, mostly prenatal MVAD, promotes beta-site APP cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE1)-mediated Aβ production and neuritic plaque formation, and significantly exacerbates memory deficits in AD model mice. Supplementing a therapeutic dose of VA rescued the MVAD-induced memory deficits. Taken together, our study demonstrates that MVAD facilitates AD pathogenesis and VA supplementation improves cognitive deficits. These results suggest that VA supplementation might be a potential approach for AD prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaying Zeng
- Children's Nutrition Research Center, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Child Development and Critical Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Medical Research in Cognitive Development and Learning and Memory Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, China
- Townsend Family Laboratories, Department of Psychiatry, The University of British Columbia, 2255 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Li Chen
- Children's Nutrition Research Center, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Child Development and Critical Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Medical Research in Cognitive Development and Learning and Memory Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, China
| | - Zhe Wang
- Townsend Family Laboratories, Department of Psychiatry, The University of British Columbia, 2255 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Qian Chen
- Children's Nutrition Research Center, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Child Development and Critical Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Medical Research in Cognitive Development and Learning and Memory Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, China
| | - Zhen Fan
- Children's Nutrition Research Center, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Child Development and Critical Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Medical Research in Cognitive Development and Learning and Memory Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, China
| | - Hongpeng Jiang
- Children's Nutrition Research Center, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Child Development and Critical Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Medical Research in Cognitive Development and Learning and Memory Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, China
| | - Yili Wu
- Townsend Family Laboratories, Department of Psychiatry, The University of British Columbia, 2255 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Lan Ren
- Children's Nutrition Research Center, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Child Development and Critical Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Medical Research in Cognitive Development and Learning and Memory Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, China
| | - Jie Chen
- Children's Nutrition Research Center, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Child Development and Critical Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Medical Research in Cognitive Development and Learning and Memory Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, China
| | - Tingyu Li
- Children's Nutrition Research Center, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Child Development and Critical Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, China.
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Medical Research in Cognitive Development and Learning and Memory Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, China.
| | - Weihong Song
- Children's Nutrition Research Center, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Child Development and Critical Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, China.
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Medical Research in Cognitive Development and Learning and Memory Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, China.
- Townsend Family Laboratories, Department of Psychiatry, The University of British Columbia, 2255 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada.
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25
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Zhang X, Wu Y, Cai F, Liu S, Bromley-Brits K, Xia K, Song W. A Novel Alzheimer-Associated SNP in Tmp21 Increases Amyloidogenesis. Mol Neurobiol 2017; 55:1862-1870. [PMID: 28233271 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-017-0459-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2017] [Accepted: 02/13/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies suggest that TMP21 is a selective modulator of γ-secretase and its dysregulation affects APP processing, leading to increased Aβ generation. However, the genetic association between Tmp21 and Alzheimer's disease (AD) remains elusive. In this study, we identified that a novel single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs12435391 (IVS4-28T>C) in intron 4 of Tmp21 was genetically associated with AD. We found that allele C of the SNP rs12435391 did not affect splicing site recognition, but it significantly increased TMP21 gene expression. The stability of Tmp21 pre-mRNA and the transcription of Tmp21 were not affected by allele C of the SNP rs12435391. However, allele C of the SNP rs12435391 significantly increased the splicing efficiency of Tmp21 pre-mRNA, leading to the elevation of mature mRNA. Furthermore, allele C of the SNP rs12435391 significantly reduced C83 level and increased Aβ generation. Taken together, our study suggests that TMP21 is genetically associated with Alzheimer's disease, with the novel Tmp21 SNP as a risk factor for Alzheimer's pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojie Zhang
- Townsend Family Laboratories, Department of Psychiatry, The University of British Columbia, 2255 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Yili Wu
- Townsend Family Laboratories, Department of Psychiatry, The University of British Columbia, 2255 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Fang Cai
- Townsend Family Laboratories, Department of Psychiatry, The University of British Columbia, 2255 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Shengchun Liu
- Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, 1 Friendship Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 410006, China
| | - Kelley Bromley-Brits
- Townsend Family Laboratories, Department of Psychiatry, The University of British Columbia, 2255 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Kun Xia
- The State Key Lab of Medical Genetics of China, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410000, China.
| | - Weihong Song
- Townsend Family Laboratories, Department of Psychiatry, The University of British Columbia, 2255 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada.
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26
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Delabar JM, Allinquant B, Bianchi D, Blumenthal T, Dekker A, Edgin J, O'Bryan J, Dierssen M, Potier MC, Wiseman F, Guedj F, Créau N, Reeves R, Gardiner K, Busciglio J. Changing Paradigms in Down Syndrome: The First International Conference of the Trisomy 21 Research Society. Mol Syndromol 2016; 7:251-261. [PMID: 27867340 DOI: 10.1159/000449049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Down syndrome (DS) is the most common genetic cause of intellectual disability (ID) in humans with an incidence of ∼1:1,000 live births worldwide. It is caused by the presence of an extra copy of all or a segment of the long arm of human chromosome 21 (trisomy 21). People with DS present with a constellation of phenotypic alterations involving most organs and organ systems. ID is present in all people with DS, albeit with variable severity. DS is also the most frequent genetic cause of Alzheimer's disease (AD), and ∼50% of those with DS will develop AD-related dementia. In the last few years, significant progress has been made in understanding the crucial genotype-phenotype relationships in DS, in identifying the alterations in molecular pathways leading to the various clinical conditions present in DS, and in preclinical evaluations of potential therapies to improve the overall health and well-being of individuals with DS. In June 2015, 230 scientists, advocates, patients, and family members met in Paris for the 1st International Conference of the Trisomy 21 Research Society. Here, we report some of the most relevant presentations that took place during the meeting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Maurice Delabar
- Brain and Spine Institute, Hospital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France; University of Paris Diderot, Paris, France
| | | | | | - Tom Blumenthal
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colo., USA
| | - Alain Dekker
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jamie Edgin
- Department of Psychology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Ariz., USA
| | - John O'Bryan
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Ill., USA
| | - Mara Dierssen
- Center for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | | | - Nicole Créau
- Brain and Spine Institute, Hospital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France; University of Paris Diderot, Paris, France
| | - Roger Reeves
- John Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Md., USA
| | | | - Jorge Busciglio
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California-Irvine, Irvine, Calif., USA
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27
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Créau N, Cabet E, Daubigney F, Souchet B, Bennaï S, Delabar J. Specific age-related molecular alterations in the cerebellum of Down syndrome mouse models. Brain Res 2016; 1646:342-353. [PMID: 27297494 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2016.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2016] [Revised: 05/07/2016] [Accepted: 06/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Down syndrome, or trisomy 21, has been modeled with various trisomic and transgenic mice to help understand the consequences of an altered gene dosage in brain development and function. Though Down syndrome has been associated with premature aging, little is known about the molecular and cellular alterations that target brain function. To help identify alterations at specific ages, we analyzed the cerebellum of Ts1Cje mice, trisomic for 77 HSA21 orthologs, at three ages-young (4 months), middle-age (12 months), and old (17 months)-compared to age-matched controls. Quantification of neuronal and glial markers (n=11) revealed increases in GFAP, with an age effect, and S100B, with age and genotype effects. The genotype effect on S100B with age was unexpected as Ts1Cje has only two copies of the S100b gene. Interestingly, the different increase in GFAP observed between Ts1Cje (trisomic segment includes Pcp4 gene) and controls was magnified in TgPCP4 mice (1 extra copy of the human PCP4 gene) at the same age. S100B increase was not found in the TgPCP4 confirming a difference of regulation with aging for GFAP and S100B and excluding the calcium signaling regulator, Pcp4, as a potential candidate for increase of S100B in the Ts1Cje. To understand these differences, comparison of GFAP and S100B immunostainings at young and middle-age were performed. Immunohistochemical detection of differences in GFAP and S100B localization with aging implicate S100B+ oligodendrocytes as a new phenotypic target in this specific aging process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Créau
- Univ Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Unité de Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative, UMR8251, CNRS, Paris, France.
| | - Eva Cabet
- Univ Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Unité de Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative, UMR8251, CNRS, Paris, France
| | - Fabrice Daubigney
- Univ Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Unité de Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative, UMR8251, CNRS, Paris, France
| | - Benoit Souchet
- Univ Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Unité de Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative, UMR8251, CNRS, Paris, France
| | - Soumia Bennaï
- Univ Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Unité de Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative, UMR8251, CNRS, Paris, France
| | - Jean Delabar
- Univ Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Unité de Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative, UMR8251, CNRS, Paris, France
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28
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Karmiloff-Smith A, Al-Janabi T, D'Souza H, Groet J, Massand E, Mok K, Startin C, Fisher E, Hardy J, Nizetic D, Tybulewicz V, Strydom A. The importance of understanding individual differences in Down syndrome. F1000Res 2016; 5. [PMID: 27019699 PMCID: PMC4806704 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.7506.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
In this article, we first present a summary of the general assumptions about Down syndrome (DS) still to be found in the literature. We go on to show how new research has modified these assumptions, pointing to a wide range of individual differences at every level of description. We argue that, in the context of significant increases in DS life expectancy, a focus on individual differences in trisomy 21 at all levels—genetic, cellular, neural, cognitive, behavioral, and environmental—constitutes one of the best approaches for understanding genotype/phenotype relations in DS and for exploring risk and protective factors for Alzheimer’s disease in this high-risk population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annette Karmiloff-Smith
- Centre for Brain & Cognitive Development, Birkbeck University of London, London, WC1E 7HX, UK; The London Down Syndrome Consortium (LonDownS), University College London, London, UK
| | - Tamara Al-Janabi
- The London Down Syndrome Consortium (LonDownS), University College London, London, UK; Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London, W1T 7NF, UK
| | - Hana D'Souza
- Centre for Brain & Cognitive Development, Birkbeck University of London, London, WC1E 7HX, UK; The London Down Syndrome Consortium (LonDownS), University College London, London, UK
| | - Jurgen Groet
- The London Down Syndrome Consortium (LonDownS), University College London, London, UK; The Blizard Institute, Barts & The London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London, E1 2AT, UK
| | - Esha Massand
- Centre for Brain & Cognitive Development, Birkbeck University of London, London, WC1E 7HX, UK; The London Down Syndrome Consortium (LonDownS), University College London, London, UK
| | - Kin Mok
- The London Down Syndrome Consortium (LonDownS), University College London, London, UK; Department of Molecular Neuroscience, University College London Institute of Neurology, London, WC1N 3BG, UK; Division of Life Science, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Carla Startin
- The London Down Syndrome Consortium (LonDownS), University College London, London, UK; Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London, W1T 7NF, UK
| | - Elizabeth Fisher
- The London Down Syndrome Consortium (LonDownS), University College London, London, UK; Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, Institute of Neurology, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - John Hardy
- The London Down Syndrome Consortium (LonDownS), University College London, London, UK; Department of Molecular Neuroscience, University College London Institute of Neurology, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Dean Nizetic
- The London Down Syndrome Consortium (LonDownS), University College London, London, UK; The Blizard Institute, Barts & The London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London, E1 2AT, UK; Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Biopolis, 138673, Singapore
| | - Victor Tybulewicz
- The London Down Syndrome Consortium (LonDownS), University College London, London, UK; Francis Crick Institute, London, NW7 1AA, UK; Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, W12 0NN, UK
| | - Andre Strydom
- The London Down Syndrome Consortium (LonDownS), University College London, London, UK; Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London, W1T 7NF, UK
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Regulation of global gene expression and cell proliferation by APP. Sci Rep 2016; 6:22460. [PMID: 26936520 PMCID: PMC4776145 DOI: 10.1038/srep22460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2015] [Accepted: 02/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Down syndrome (DS), caused by trisomy of chromosome 21, is one of the most common genetic disorders. Patients with DS display growth retardation and inevitably develop characteristic Alzheimer’s disease (AD) neuropathology, including neurofibrillary tangles and neuritic plaques. The expression of amyloid precursor protein (APP) is increased in both DS and AD patients. To reveal the function of APP and elucidate the pathogenic role of increased APP expression in DS and AD, we performed gene expression profiling using microarray method in human cells overexpressing APP. A set of genes are significantly altered, which are involved in cell cycle, cell proliferation and p53 signaling. We found that overexpression of APP inhibits cell proliferation. Furthermore, we confirmed that the downregulation of two validated genes, PSMA5 and PSMB7, inhibits cell proliferation, suggesting that the downregulation of PSMA5 and PSMB7 is involved in APP-induced cell proliferation impairment. Taken together, this study suggests that APP regulates global gene expression and increased APP expression inhibits cell proliferation. Our study provides a novel insight that APP overexpression may contribute to the growth impairment in DS patients and promote AD pathogenesis by inhibiting cell proliferation including neural stem cell proliferation and neurogenesis.
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Bidirectional Regulation of Amyloid Precursor Protein-Induced Memory Defects by Nebula/DSCR1: A Protein Upregulated in Alzheimer's Disease and Down Syndrome. J Neurosci 2015; 35:11374-83. [PMID: 26269644 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.1163-15.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED Aging individuals with Down syndrome (DS) have an increased risk of developing Alzheimer's disease (AD), a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by impaired memory. Memory problems in both DS and AD individuals usually develop slowly and progressively get worse with age, but the cause of this age-dependent memory impairment is not well understood. This study examines the functional interactions between Down syndrome critical region 1 (DSCR1) and amyloid-precursor protein (APP), proteins upregulated in both DS and AD, in regulating memory. Using Drosophila as a model, we find that overexpression of nebula (fly homolog of DSCR1) initially protects against APP-induced memory defects by correcting calcineurin and cAMP signaling pathways but accelerates the rate of memory loss and exacerbates mitochondrial dysfunction in older animals. We report that transient upregulation of Nebula/DSCR1 or acute pharmacological inhibition of calcineurin in aged flies protected against APP-induced memory loss. Our data suggest that calcineurin dyshomeostasis underlies age-dependent memory impairments and further imply that chronic Nebula/DSCR1 upregulation may contribute to age-dependent memory impairments in AD in DS. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Most Down syndrome (DS) individuals eventually develop Alzheimer's disease (AD)-like dementia, but mechanisms underlying this age-dependent memory impairment remain poorly understood. This study examines Nebula/Down syndrome critical region 1 (DSCR1) and amyloid-precursor protein (APP), proteins upregulated in both DS and AD, in regulating memory. We uncover a previously unidentified role for Nebula/DSCR1 in modulating APP-induced memory defects during aging. We show that upregulation of Nebula/DSCR1, an inhibitor of calcineurin, rescues APP-induced memory defects in young flies but enhances memory loss of older flies. Excitingly, transient Nebula/DSCR1 overexpression or calcineurin inhibition in aged flies ameliorates APP-mediated memory problems. These results suggest that chronic Nebula/DSCR1 upregulation may contribute to age-dependent memory loss in DS and AD and points to correcting calcineurin signaling as a means to improve memory during aging.
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Wang C, Wei LL, Shi LY, Pan ZF, Yu XM, Li TY, Liu CM, Ping ZP, Jiang TT, Chen ZL, Mao LG, Li ZJ, Li JC. Screening and identification of five serum proteins as novel potential biomarkers for cured pulmonary tuberculosis. Sci Rep 2015; 5:15615. [PMID: 26499913 PMCID: PMC4620482 DOI: 10.1038/srep15615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2015] [Accepted: 09/29/2015] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Rapid and efficient methods for the determination of cured tuberculosis (TB) are lacking. A total of 85 differentially expressed serum proteins were identified by iTRAQ labeling coupled with two-dimensional liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (2D LC-MS/MS) analysis (fold change >1.50 or <0.60, P < 0.05). We validated albumin (ALB), Rho GDP-dissociation inhibitor 2 (ARHGDIB), complement 3 (C3), ficolin-2 (FCN2), and apolipoprotein (a) (LPA) using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method. Significantly increased ALB and LPA levels (P = 0.036 and P = 0.012, respectively) and significantly reduced ARHGDIB, C3, and FCN2 levels (P < 0.001, P = 0.035, and P = 0.018, respectively) were observed in cured TB patients compared with untreated TB patients. In addition, changes in ALB and FCN2 levels occurred after 2 months of treatment (P < 0.001 and P = 0.030, respectively). We established a cured TB model with 87.10% sensitivity, 79.49% specificity, and an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.876. The results indicated that ALB, ARHGDIB, C3, FCN2, and LPA levels might serve as potential biomarkers for cured TB. Our study provides experimental data for establishing objective indicators of cured TB and also proposes potential markers for evaluating the efficacy of anti-TB drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chong Wang
- Institute of Cell Biology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, P.R. China
| | - Li-Liang Wei
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Sixth Hospital of Shaoxing, Shaoxing 312000, P.R. China
| | - Li-Ying Shi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou 310013, P.R. China
| | - Zhi-Fen Pan
- Department of Tuberculosis, The First Hospital of Jiaxing, Jiaxing 314001, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Mei Yu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou 310013, P.R. China
| | - Tian-Yu Li
- Institute of Cell Biology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, P.R. China
| | - Chang-Ming Liu
- Institute of Cell Biology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, P.R. China
| | - Ze-Peng Ping
- Institute of Cell Biology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, P.R. China
| | - Ting-Ting Jiang
- Institute of Cell Biology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, P.R. China
| | - Zhong-Liang Chen
- Institute of Cell Biology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, P.R. China
| | - Lian-Gen Mao
- Institute of Cell Biology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, P.R. China
| | - Zhong-Jie Li
- Institute of Cell Biology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, P.R. China
| | - Ji-Cheng Li
- Institute of Cell Biology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, P.R. China
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32
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Wang W, Mandel J, Bouaziz J, Commenges D, Nabirotchkine S, Chumakov I, Cohen D, Guedj M. A Multi-Marker Genetic Association Test Based on the Rasch Model Applied to Alzheimer's Disease. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0138223. [PMID: 26379234 PMCID: PMC4574966 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0138223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2015] [Accepted: 08/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Results from Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS) have shown that the genetic basis of complex traits often include many genetic variants with small to moderate effects whose identification remains a challenging problem. In this context multi-marker analysis at the gene and pathway level can complement traditional point-wise approaches that treat the genetic markers individually. In this paper we propose a novel statistical approach for multi-marker analysis based on the Rasch model. The method summarizes the categorical genotypes of SNPs by a generalized logistic function into a genetic score that can be used for association analysis. Through different sets of simulations, the false-positive rate and power of the proposed approach are compared to a set of existing methods, and shows good performances. The application of the Rasch model on Alzheimer's Disease (AD) ADNI GWAS dataset also allows a coherent interpretation of the results. Our analysis supports the idea that APOE is a major susceptibility gene for AD. In the top genes selected by proposed method, several could be functionally linked to AD. In particular, a pathway analysis of these genes also highlights the metabolism of cholesterol, that is known to play a key role in AD pathogenesis. Interestingly, many of these top genes can be integrated in a hypothetic signalling network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjia Wang
- Pharnext, Issy-les-Moulineaux, Ile de France, France
- Inserm U897, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, Aquitaine, France
| | - Jonas Mandel
- Pharnext, Issy-les-Moulineaux, Ile de France, France
| | - Jan Bouaziz
- Pharnext, Issy-les-Moulineaux, Ile de France, France
| | - Daniel Commenges
- Inserm U897, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, Aquitaine, France
| | | | - Ilya Chumakov
- Pharnext, Issy-les-Moulineaux, Ile de France, France
| | - Daniel Cohen
- Pharnext, Issy-les-Moulineaux, Ile de France, France
| | - Mickaël Guedj
- Pharnext, Issy-les-Moulineaux, Ile de France, France
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