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Doskas T, Vadikolias K, Ntoskas K, Vavougios GD, Tsiptsios D, Stamati P, Liampas I, Siokas V, Messinis L, Nasios G, Dardiotis E. Neurocognitive Impairment and Social Cognition in Parkinson's Disease Patients. Neurol Int 2024; 16:432-449. [PMID: 38668129 PMCID: PMC11054167 DOI: 10.3390/neurolint16020032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 04/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024] Open
Abstract
In addition to motor symptoms, neurocognitive impairment (NCI) affects patients with prodromal Parkinson's disease (PD). NCI in PD ranges from subjective cognitive complaints to dementia. The purpose of this review is to present the available evidence of NCI in PD and highlight the heterogeneity of NCI phenotypes as well as the range of factors that contribute to NCI onset and progression. A review of publications related to NCI in PD up to March 2023 was performed using PubMed/Medline. There is an interconnection between the neurocognitive and motor symptoms of the disease, suggesting a common underlying pathophysiology as well as an interconnection between NCI and non-motor symptoms, such as mood disorders, which may contribute to confounding NCI. Motor and non-motor symptom evaluation could be used prognostically for NCI onset and progression in combination with imaging, laboratory, and genetic data. Additionally, the implications of NCI on the social cognition of afflicted patients warrant its prompt management. The etiology of NCI onset and its progression in PD is multifactorial and its effects are equally grave as the motor effects. This review highlights the importance of the prompt identification of subjective cognitive complaints in PD patients and NCI management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Triantafyllos Doskas
- Department of Neurology, Athens Naval Hospital, 11521 Athens, Greece;
- Department of Neurology, General University Hospital of Alexandroupoli, 68100 Alexandroupoli, Greece; (K.V.); (D.T.)
| | - Konstantinos Vadikolias
- Department of Neurology, General University Hospital of Alexandroupoli, 68100 Alexandroupoli, Greece; (K.V.); (D.T.)
| | | | - George D. Vavougios
- Department of Neurology, Athens Naval Hospital, 11521 Athens, Greece;
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cyprus, 1678 Lefkosia, Cyprus
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, 41500 Larissa, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Tsiptsios
- Department of Neurology, General University Hospital of Alexandroupoli, 68100 Alexandroupoli, Greece; (K.V.); (D.T.)
| | - Polyxeni Stamati
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, 41110 Larissa, Greece; (P.S.); (I.L.); (V.S.); (E.D.)
| | - Ioannis Liampas
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, 41110 Larissa, Greece; (P.S.); (I.L.); (V.S.); (E.D.)
| | - Vasileios Siokas
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, 41110 Larissa, Greece; (P.S.); (I.L.); (V.S.); (E.D.)
| | - Lambros Messinis
- School of Psychology, Laboratory of Neuropsychology and Behavioural Neuroscience, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece;
| | - Grigorios Nasios
- Department of Speech and Language Therapy, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, 45500 Ioannina, Greece;
| | - Efthimios Dardiotis
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, 41110 Larissa, Greece; (P.S.); (I.L.); (V.S.); (E.D.)
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Li X, Peng C, Qin F, Luo Q, Ren Z, Wang X, Feng Q, Liu C, Li Y, Wei D, Qiu J. Basolateral Amygdala Functional Connectivity in Alexithymia: Linking Interoceptive Sensibility and Cognitive Empathy. Neuroscience 2024; 539:12-20. [PMID: 38176608 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2023.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
Emotions rely on bodily states, and perceiving the emotions of others depends on awareness of one's own emotional state. However, the intercorrelations among interoception, alexithymia, and empathy are not well understood, and the neural mechanisms behind this connection are also largely unknown. To address these issues, 297 college students participated in this study, completing measures of interoceptive sensibility (IS), empathy and alexithymia and undergoing resting-state fMRI scans. The functional connectivity of the amygdala was analysed to identify the neural substrates of alexithymia, and mediation analyses were conducted to examine the mediation effect of alexithymia and alexithymia-specific amygdala functional connectivity on the relationship between IS and empathy. The results showed that higher levels of IS were associated with increased cognitive empathy through weakened alexithymia. Functional connectivity analysis indicated that right basolateral amygdala (BLA)-left precuneus connectivity was negatively related to alexithymia, while right BLA-left precentral gyrus connectivity was positively related to alexithymia. Furthermore, right BLA-left precuneus connectivity was found to mediate the impact of interoception on cognitive empathy. In conclusion, this study provides valuable insights into the relationships among IS, alexithymia, and empathy. The right BLA-left precuneus connectivity may serve as a shared neural substrate between interoception and cognitive empathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianrui Li
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (SWU), Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400715, China; Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University (SWU), Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Chuyao Peng
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (SWU), Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400715, China; Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University (SWU), Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Facai Qin
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (SWU), Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400715, China; Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University (SWU), Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Qian Luo
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (SWU), Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400715, China; Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University (SWU), Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Zhiting Ren
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (SWU), Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400715, China; Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University (SWU), Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Xueyang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (SWU), Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400715, China; Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University (SWU), Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Qiuyang Feng
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (SWU), Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400715, China; Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University (SWU), Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Cheng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (SWU), Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400715, China; Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University (SWU), Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Yang Li
- School of Psychology and Cognitive Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Dongtao Wei
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (SWU), Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400715, China; Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University (SWU), Chongqing 400715, China.
| | - Jiang Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (SWU), Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400715, China; Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University (SWU), Chongqing 400715, China; Southwest University Branch, Collaborative Innovation Center of Assessment, Toward Basic Education Quality at Beijing Normal University, China.
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Shirayama Y, Matsumoto K, Osone F, Hara A, Guan S, Hamatani S, Muneoka K, Sato K, Okada A, Yokokawa T. The Lack of Alterations in Metabolites in the Medial Prefrontal Cortex and Amygdala, but Their Associations with Autistic Traits, Empathy, and Personality Traits in Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Preliminary Study. J Autism Dev Disord 2024; 54:193-210. [PMID: 36251207 DOI: 10.1007/s10803-022-05778-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) has shown inconsistent alterations in brain metabolites of adults with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). We investigated brain metabolites in the medial prefrontal cortex and amygdala of 24 drug-naive adults with ASD and no intellectual disability and 24 non-ASD control subjects, using 3 T 1H-MRS. Adults with ASD showed no significant differences from control in glutamate, glutamate plus glutamine, N-acetylaspartate, glycerophosphorylcholine plus phosphorylcholine, creatine plus phosphocreatine, or myo-inositol in either region. However, ASD subjects did show significant correlations of localized brain metabolites with autistic traits, empathy deficits, and personality traits using the Autism-Spectrum Quotient, Questionnaire of Cognitive and Affective Empathy, Interpersonal Reactivity Index, and NEO Personality Inventory-Revised. These findings should be taken as preliminary or exploratory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukihiko Shirayama
- Department of Psychiatry, Teikyo University Chiba Medical Center, 3426-3 Anesaki, Ichihara, 299-0111, Japan.
| | - Kazuki Matsumoto
- Department of Psychiatry, Teikyo University Chiba Medical Center, 3426-3 Anesaki, Ichihara, 299-0111, Japan
| | - Fumio Osone
- Department of Radiology, Teikyo University Chiba Medical Center, Ichihara, Japan
| | - Akira Hara
- Department of Radiology, Teikyo University Chiba Medical Center, Ichihara, Japan
| | - Siqing Guan
- Department of Psychiatry, Teikyo University Chiba Medical Center, 3426-3 Anesaki, Ichihara, 299-0111, Japan
| | - Sayo Hamatani
- Department of Psychiatry, Teikyo University Chiba Medical Center, 3426-3 Anesaki, Ichihara, 299-0111, Japan
| | - Katsumasa Muneoka
- Department of Psychiatry, Teikyo University Chiba Medical Center, 3426-3 Anesaki, Ichihara, 299-0111, Japan
| | - Koichi Sato
- Department of Psychiatry, Teikyo University Chiba Medical Center, 3426-3 Anesaki, Ichihara, 299-0111, Japan
| | - Akihiro Okada
- Department of Psychology, Sapporo International University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Tokuzou Yokokawa
- Department of Radiology, Teikyo University Chiba Medical Center, Ichihara, Japan
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de Vroege L, van Dijl TL, Woudstra-de Jong JE, Videler AC, Kop WJ. Personality traits related to cognitive functioning in patients with functional neurological disorder. J Clin Exp Neuropsychol 2023; 45:1014-1023. [PMID: 38623749 DOI: 10.1080/13803395.2024.2335599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
Cognitive symptoms are prevalent in patients with functional neurological disorder (FND). Several studies have suggested that personality traits such as neuroticism may play a pivotal role in the development of FND. FND has also been associated with alexithymia: patients with FND report difficulties in identifying, analyzing, and verbalizing emotions. Whether or not alexithymia and other personality traits are associated with cognitive symptomatology in patients with FND is unknown. In the current study, we explored whether the Big Five personality model factors (neuroticism, extraversion, openness, agreeableness, and conscientiousness) and alexithymia were associated with cognitive functioning in FND. Twenty-three patients with FND were assessed using a neuropsychological assessment and questionnaire assessment to explore personality traits (Neuroticism-Extraversion-Openness Five-Factor Inventory) and alexithymia (Bermond-Vorst Alexithymia Questionnaire). The results indicated that high conscientiousness was associated with lower planning scores (ρ = -0.52, p = .012) and high scores on alexithymia were associated with lower scores on verbal memory scores (ρ = -0.46, p = .032) and lower sustained attention scores (ρ = -0.45, p = .046). The results did not remain significant after controlling for multiple testing. The preliminary results of our study suggest that personality and cognitive symptomatology in patients with FND are topics that should be further explored in future studies, as cognitive symptomology can affect treatment results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lars de Vroege
- Clinical Centre of Excellence for Body, Mind, and Health, GGz Breburg, Tilburg, The Netherlands
- Tranzo department, Tilburg School of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Tilburg University, Tilburg, The Netherlands
| | - Timothy L van Dijl
- Clinical Centre of Excellence for Body, Mind, and Health, GGz Breburg, Tilburg, The Netherlands
- Tranzo department, Tilburg School of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Tilburg University, Tilburg, The Netherlands
- Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology, Center of Research on Psychological disorders and Somatic diseases (CoRPS), Tilburg University, Tilburg, The Netherlands
| | | | - Arjan C Videler
- Clinical Centre of Excellence for Body, Mind, and Health, GGz Breburg, Tilburg, The Netherlands
- Tranzo department, Tilburg School of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Tilburg University, Tilburg, The Netherlands
- Personacura, Clinical Centre of Excellence for Personality and Developmental Disorders in Older Adults, GGz Breburg, Tilburg, The Netherlands
| | - Willem J Kop
- Clinical Centre of Excellence for Body, Mind, and Health, GGz Breburg, Tilburg, The Netherlands
- Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology, Center of Research on Psychological disorders and Somatic diseases (CoRPS), Tilburg University, Tilburg, The Netherlands
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Tkalcec A, Bierlein M, Seeger-Schneider G, Walitza S, Jenny B, Menks WM, Felhbaum LV, Borbas R, Cole DM, Raschle N, Herbrecht E, Stadler C, Cubillo A. Empathy deficits, callous-unemotional traits and structural underpinnings in autism spectrum disorder and conduct disorder youth. Autism Res 2023; 16:1946-1962. [PMID: 37548142 DOI: 10.1002/aur.2993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
Distinct empathy deficits are often described in patients with conduct disorder (CD) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) yet their neural underpinnings and the influence of comorbid Callous-Unemotional (CU) traits are unclear. This study compares the cognitive (CE) and affective empathy (AE) abilities of youth with CD and ASD, their potential neuroanatomical correlates, and the influence of CU traits on empathy. Adolescents and parents/caregivers completed empathy questionnaires (N = 148 adolescents, mean age = 15.16 years) and T1 weighted images were obtained from a subsample (N = 130). Group differences in empathy and the influence of CU traits were investigated using Bayesian analyses and Voxel-Based Morphometry with Threshold-Free Cluster Enhancement focusing on regions involved in AE (insula, amygdala, inferior frontal gyrus and cingulate cortex) and CE processes (ventromedial prefrontal cortex, temporoparietal junction, superior temporal gyrus, and precuneus). The ASD group showed lower parent-reported AE and CE scores and lower self-reported CE scores while the CD group showed lower parent-reported CE scores than controls. When accounting for the influence of CU traits no AE deficits in ASD and CE deficits in CD were found, but CE deficits in ASD remained. Across all participants, CU traits were negatively associated with gray matter volumes in anterior cingulate which extends into the mid cingulate, ventromedial prefrontal cortex, and precuneus. Thus, although co-occurring CU traits have been linked to global empathy deficits in reports and underlying brain structures, its influence on empathy aspects might be disorder-specific. Investigating the subdimensions of empathy may therefore help to identify disorder-specific empathy deficits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonia Tkalcec
- Child and Youth Psychiatry, University Psychiatric Clinic, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Maria Bierlein
- Child and Youth Psychiatry, University Psychiatric Clinic, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Gudrun Seeger-Schneider
- Child and Youth Psychiatry, Psychiatric University Clinic, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Susanne Walitza
- Child and Youth Psychiatry, Psychiatric University Clinic, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Bettina Jenny
- Child and Youth Psychiatry, Psychiatric University Clinic, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Willeke M Menks
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, and Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
- Psychology of Language Department, Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Lynn V Felhbaum
- Jacobs Center for Productive Youth, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Reka Borbas
- Jacobs Center for Productive Youth, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - David M Cole
- Translational Psychiatry, University Psychiatric Clinic, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Nora Raschle
- Jacobs Center for Productive Youth, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Evelyn Herbrecht
- Child and Youth Psychiatry, University Psychiatric Clinic, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Christina Stadler
- Child and Youth Psychiatry, University Psychiatric Clinic, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ana Cubillo
- Child and Youth Psychiatry, University Psychiatric Clinic, Basel, Switzerland
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Cecchetto C, Dal Bò E, Aiello M, Fischmeister FPS, Gentili C, Osimo SA. Alexithymia modulates the attitudes towards odors but not the olfactory abilities or the affective reactions to odors. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0278496. [PMID: 37279254 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0278496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Although emotion and olfaction are closely linked, only a few studies have investigated olfactory processing in alexithymia, a condition characterized by altered emotional processing. These results do not allow comprehensive conclusions on whether individuals with alexithymia present lower olfactory abilities or only altered affective reactions and awareness of odors. Three pre-registered experiments were conducted to clarify this relation. We assessed olfactory functions, the affective qualities of odors, the awareness of odors, the attitudes towards them, and the ability to form olfactory images in the mind. Bayesian statistics were used to assess differences between low, medium and high alexithymia groups, and Linear Mixed Models (LMMs) were applied to investigate the modulation of the affective and cognitive components of alexithymia. We observed that individuals with a high level of alexithymia presented the same olfactory abilities, and did not show differences in their rating of odors compared to individuals with low alexithymia levels, while they reported lower levels of social and common odor awareness and a more indifferent attitude towards odors. Olfactory imagery was not affected by alexithymia level, and the affective and cognitive components of alexithymia, when considered separately, modulated olfactory perception differently. Learning more about olfactory perception in individuals with alexithymia leads to a better understanding of how alexithymia impacts the perception of hedonic stimuli coming from different sensory modalities. Our results imply that treatment goals for alexithymia should be the enhancement of the conscious perception of odors, supporting the use of mindfulness-based protocols in the alexithymia treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cinzia Cecchetto
- Department of General Psychology, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Elisa Dal Bò
- Department of General Psychology, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
- Padova Neuroscience Center (PNC), University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Marilena Aiello
- Department of Psychology "Renzo Canestrari", University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Florian Ph S Fischmeister
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Institute of Psychology, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- BioTechMed-Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Claudio Gentili
- Department of General Psychology, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
- Padova Neuroscience Center (PNC), University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Sofia Adelaide Osimo
- Department of Psychology, MibTec, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
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McQuarrie AM, Smith SD, Jakobson LS. Alexithymia and sensory processing sensitivity account for unique variance in the prediction of emotional contagion and empathy. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1072783. [PMID: 37151350 PMCID: PMC10157231 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1072783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Empathy-the ability to identify and share another person's emotional state-is an important socio-emotional process arising, in part, from emotional contagion. In the current study, we assessed unique variance in emotional contagion and other empathy-related constructs accounted for by two personality traits, alexithymia and sensory processing sensitivity (SPS), when controlling for childhood emotional abuse and current depressed mood. Methods A sample of 305 adults (M age = 20.1 years) watched brief film clips chosen to induce various emotional states. After each film, the participants rated how strongly they experienced each of nine different emotions. They then completed self-report measures of alexithymia, SPS, empathy-related constructs, childhood emotional abuse, and current mood. Results Those scoring high (vs. low) on SPS reported stronger primary emotions and a larger range of emotions when watching the films and were more apt to believe that their emotions matched those of the individuals featured in the films. They also scored higher on both self-oriented processes (such as the tendency to feel personal distress in tense situations) and other-oriented processes (such as perspective taking and empathic concern) related to empathy. Individuals scoring high (vs. low) on alexithymia reported feeling a larger range of emotions while watching the films but scored lower on other-oriented processes related to empathy. After controlling for SPS and alexithymia, current depressed mood predicted experiencing less varied reactions to mixed valence films that elicited strong feelings of embarrassment/humiliation, and less amusement when watching positive films. Childhood emotional abuse did not emerge as a predictor of emotional contagion or empathy. Discussion We propose that the strong and nuanced feelings elicited in those scoring high on SPS by observing others support their personal view that they are highly empathic. In contrast, by failing to closely examine their own mixed reactions to others, individuals with alexithymia may find it difficult to connect with, understand, and respond to others' feelings.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Stephen D. Smith
- Department of Psychology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
- Department of Psychology, University of Winnipeg, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Lorna S. Jakobson
- Department of Psychology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
- *Correspondence: Lorna S. Jakobson,
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Liu Q, Zhao X, Liu W, Liu Q. Empathy and depression among a Chinese sample: The moderating role of rumination and attentional shift. Front Psychol 2022; 13:1027298. [PMID: 36507000 PMCID: PMC9729700 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1027298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Although previous studies have explored the moderating role of emotional regulation strategies in the relationship between empathy and depression, no studies have studied the moderating role of attentional control in the relationship between empathy and depression. To address this research gap, the present study investigated the moderating roles of rumination and attentional control in the relationship between empathy and depression. Methods 423 participants filled out questionnaires anonymously, including Interpersonal Reactivity Index, Attention Control Scale, Self-rating Depression Scale, and Rumination Response Scale. PROCESS macro for SPSS was used for moderating effect analysis. Results Rumination and attentional shift moderated the relationship between emotional empathy and depression. Specifically, the lower rumination or the higher attentional shift, the stronger the negative association between emotional empathy and depression. Attentional shift moderated the relationship between cognitive empathy and depression, and cognitive empathy was significantly associated with depression only among participants whose attentional shift is high. Conclusion The study showed that rumination and attentional shift play important roles in the relationship between empathy and depression. The findings implicated that the positive role of good emotional regulation strategies and executive function for individuals in the relationship between empathy and depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qipeng Liu
- School of Education, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, China
| | - Xiaoyun Zhao
- School of Education, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, China,Anhui Engineering Research Center for Intelligent Computing and Application on Cognitive Behavior, Huaibei, China,*Correspondence: Xiaoyun Zhao,
| | - Weidi Liu
- School of Education, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, China
| | - Qianchen Liu
- School of Education, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, China
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Neacsiu AD, Szymkiewicz V, Galla JT, Li B, Kulkarni Y, Spector CW. The neurobiology of misophonia and implications for novel, neuroscience-driven interventions. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:893903. [PMID: 35958984 PMCID: PMC9359080 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.893903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Decreased tolerance in response to specific every-day sounds (misophonia) is a serious, debilitating disorder that is gaining rapid recognition within the mental health community. Emerging research findings suggest that misophonia may have a unique neural signature. Specifically, when examining responses to misophonic trigger sounds, differences emerge at a physiological and neural level from potentially overlapping psychopathologies. While these findings are preliminary and in need of replication, they support the hypothesis that misophonia is a unique disorder. In this theoretical paper, we begin by reviewing the candidate networks that may be at play in this complex disorder (e.g., regulatory, sensory, and auditory). We then summarize current neuroimaging findings in misophonia and present areas of overlap and divergence from other mental health disorders that are hypothesized to co-occur with misophonia (e.g., obsessive compulsive disorder). Future studies needed to further our understanding of the neuroscience of misophonia will also be discussed. Next, we introduce the potential of neurostimulation as a tool to treat neural dysfunction in misophonia. We describe how neurostimulation research has led to novel interventions in psychiatric disorders, targeting regions that may also be relevant to misophonia. The paper is concluded by presenting several options for how neurostimulation interventions for misophonia could be crafted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrada D. Neacsiu
- Duke Center for Misophonia and Emotion Regulation, Duke Brain Stimulation Research Center, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Victoria Szymkiewicz
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Jeffrey T. Galla
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Brenden Li
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Yashaswini Kulkarni
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Cade W. Spector
- Department of Philosophy, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
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Lee J, Son JW, Kim S, Kim JE, Chung S, Ghim HR, Lee SI, Shin CJ, Ju G. Disrupted Association Between Empathy and Brain Structure in Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder. Soa Chongsonyon Chongsin Uihak 2021; 32:129-136. [PMID: 34671185 PMCID: PMC8499037 DOI: 10.5765/jkacap.210009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Revised: 04/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives To investigate the relationship between brain structure and empathy in early adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Methods Nineteen early adolescents with ADHD and 20 healthy controls underwent 3T MRI. All the participants were assessed for different aspects of empathy using measures including the Interpersonal Reactivity Index and Empathy Quotient. Cortical thickness and subcortical structural volume based on T1-weighted scans were analyzed using FreeSurfer. Results Cognitive empathy (t=-2.52, p=0.016) and perspective taking (t=-2.10, p=0.043) were impaired in the ADHD group compared with the control group. The cluster encompassing the left posterior insular, supramarginal, and transverse temporal cortices [cluster-wise p-value (CWP)=0.001], which are associated with emotional empathy, was significantly smaller in the ADHD group, and the volume of the left nucleus accumbens was greater than that of the control group (F=10.12, p=0.003, effect size=0.22). In the control group, the left superior temporal (CWP=0.002) and lingual cortical (CWP=0.035) thicknesses were positively associated with cognitive empathy, while the right amygdala volume was positively associated with empathic concern (Coef=14.26, t=3.92, p=0.001). However, there was no significant correlation between empathy and brain structure in the ADHD group. Conclusion The ADHD group had a smaller volume of the cortical area associated with emotional empathy than the control group, and there was no brain region showing significant correlation with empathy, unlike in the control group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeonghwan Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheongju, Korea.,Department of Neuropsychiatry, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Jung-Woo Son
- Department of Psychiatry, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheongju, Korea.,Department of Neuropsychiatry, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Siekyeong Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheongju, Korea.,Department of Neuropsychiatry, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Ji-Eun Kim
- Ma-Eum Pyong-On Psychiatric Clinic, Yongin, Korea
| | - Seungwon Chung
- Department of Psychiatry, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheongju, Korea.,Department of Neuropsychiatry, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Hei-Rhee Ghim
- Department of Psychology, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Sang-Ick Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheongju, Korea.,Department of Neuropsychiatry, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Chul-Jin Shin
- Department of Psychiatry, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheongju, Korea.,Department of Neuropsychiatry, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Gawon Ju
- Department of Psychiatry, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheongju, Korea.,Department of Neuropsychiatry, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea
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11
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Puig-Davi A, Martinez-Horta S, Sampedro F, Horta-Barba A, Perez-Perez J, Campolongo A, Izquierdo-Barrionuevo C, Pagonabarraga J, Gomez-Anson B, Kulisevsky J. Cognitive and Affective Empathy in Huntington's Disease. J Huntingtons Dis 2021; 10:323-334. [PMID: 34486985 DOI: 10.3233/jhd-210469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Empathy is a multidimensional construct and a key component of social cognition. In Huntington's disease (HD), little is known regarding the phenomenology and the neural correlates of cognitive and affective empathy, and regarding how empathic deficits interact with other behavioral and cognitive manifestations. OBJECTIVE To explore the cognitive and affective empathy disturbances and related behavioral and neural correlates in HD. METHODS Clinical and sociodemographic data were obtained from 36 healthy controls (HC) and 54 gene-mutation carriers (17 premanifest and 37 early-manifest HD). The Test of Cognitive and Affective Empathy (TECA) was used to characterize cognitive (CE) and affective empathy (AE), and to explore their associations with grey matter volume (GMV) and cortical thickness (Cth). RESULTS Compared to HC, premanifest participants performed significantly worse in perspective taking (CE) and empathic distress (AE). In symptomatic participants, scores were significantly lower in almost all the TECA subscales. Several empathy subscales were associated with the severity of apathy, irritability, and cognitive deficits. CE was associated with GMV in thalamic, temporal, and occipital regions, and with Cth in parietal and temporal areas. AE was associated with GMV in the basal ganglia, limbic, occipital, and medial orbitofrontal regions, and with Cth in parieto-occipital areas. CONCLUSION Cognitive and affective empathy deficits are detectable early, are more severe in symptomatic participants, and involve the disruption of several fronto-temporal, parieto-occipital, basal ganglia, and limbic regions. These deficits are associated with disease severity and contribute to several behavioral symptoms, facilitating the presentation of maladaptive patterns of social interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnau Puig-Davi
- Movement Disorders Unit, Neurology Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain.,Biomedical Research Institute (IIB-Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain.,Autonomous University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,European Huntington's DiseaseNetwork (EHDN)
| | - Saul Martinez-Horta
- Movement Disorders Unit, Neurology Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain.,Biomedical Research Institute (IIB-Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de InvestigaciónBiomédica en Red-Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Spain.,Autonomous University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,European Huntington's DiseaseNetwork (EHDN)
| | - Frederic Sampedro
- Movement Disorders Unit, Neurology Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain.,Biomedical Research Institute (IIB-Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de InvestigaciónBiomédica en Red-Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Spain.,Autonomous University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Andrea Horta-Barba
- Movement Disorders Unit, Neurology Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain.,Biomedical Research Institute (IIB-Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de InvestigaciónBiomédica en Red-Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Spain.,Autonomous University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,European Huntington's DiseaseNetwork (EHDN)
| | - Jesus Perez-Perez
- Movement Disorders Unit, Neurology Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain.,Biomedical Research Institute (IIB-Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de InvestigaciónBiomédica en Red-Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Spain.,Autonomous University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,European Huntington's DiseaseNetwork (EHDN)
| | - Antonia Campolongo
- Movement Disorders Unit, Neurology Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain.,Biomedical Research Institute (IIB-Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain.,Autonomous University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cristina Izquierdo-Barrionuevo
- Movement Disorders Unit, Neurology Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain.,Biomedical Research Institute (IIB-Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Javier Pagonabarraga
- Movement Disorders Unit, Neurology Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain.,Biomedical Research Institute (IIB-Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de InvestigaciónBiomédica en Red-Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Spain.,Autonomous University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Beatriz Gomez-Anson
- Neuroradiology, Radiology Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, AutonomousUniversity of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jaime Kulisevsky
- Movement Disorders Unit, Neurology Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain.,Biomedical Research Institute (IIB-Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de InvestigaciónBiomédica en Red-Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Spain.,Autonomous University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,European Huntington's DiseaseNetwork (EHDN)
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12
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Morr M, Lieberz J, Dobbelstein M, Philipsen A, Hurlemann R, Scheele D. Insula reactivity mediates subjective isolation stress in alexithymia. Sci Rep 2021; 11:15326. [PMID: 34321519 PMCID: PMC8319294 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-94799-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The risk for developing stress-related disorders is elevated in individuals with high alexithymia, a personality trait characterized by impaired emotional awareness and interpersonal relating. However, it is still unclear how alexithymia alters perceived psychosocial stress and which neurobiological substrates are mechanistically involved. To address this question, we examined freshmen during transition to university, given that this period entails psychosocial stress and frequently initiates psychopathology. Specifically, we used a functional magnetic resonance imaging emotional face matching task to probe emotional processing in 54 participants (39 women) at the beginning of the first year at university and 6 months later. Furthermore, we assessed alexithymia and monitored perceived psychosocial stress and loneliness via questionnaires for six consecutive months. Perceived psychosocial stress significantly increased over time and initial alexithymia predicted subjective stress experiences via enhanced loneliness. On the neural level, alexithymia was associated with lowered amygdala responses to emotional faces, while loneliness correlated with diminished reactivity in the anterior insular and anterior cingulate cortex. Furthermore, insula activity mediated the association between alexithymia and loneliness that predicted perceived psychosocial stress. Our findings are consistent with the notion that alexithymia exacerbates subjective stress via blunted insula reactivity and increased perception of social isolation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitjan Morr
- Division of Medical Psychology, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127, Bonn, Germany.
| | - Jana Lieberz
- Division of Medical Psychology, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Michael Dobbelstein
- Division of Medical Psychology, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Alexandra Philipsen
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Bonn, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - René Hurlemann
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Oldenburg, Hermann-Ehlers-Str. 7, 26129, Oldenburg, Germany
- Research Center Neurosensory Science, University of Oldenburg, 26129, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Dirk Scheele
- Division of Medical Psychology, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127, Bonn, Germany.
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Oldenburg, Hermann-Ehlers-Str. 7, 26129, Oldenburg, Germany.
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13
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Jakobson LS, Rigby SN. Alexithymia and Sensory Processing Sensitivity: Areas of Overlap and Links to Sensory Processing Styles. Front Psychol 2021; 12:583786. [PMID: 34108902 PMCID: PMC8182761 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.583786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Alexithymia is a dimensional trait characterized by difficulties identifying and describing feelings and an externally oriented thinking (EOT) style. Here, we explored interrelationships between alexithymia and measures assessing how individuals process and regulate their responses to environmental and body-based cues. Young adults (N = 201) completed self-report questionnaires assessing alexithymia, sensory processing sensitivity (SPS), interoceptive accuracy (IA), sensory processing styles, and current levels of depression, anxiety, and stress. Whereas EOT was related to low orienting sensitivity, problems with emotional appraisal (difficulties identifying feelings/difficulties describing feelings) were related to heightened sensory sensitivity. In addition, features of SPS improved the prediction of alexithymia above and beyond that accounted for by IA. We suggest that EOT is linked to problems maintaining a representation of one’s emotions in working memory and that low IA and problems with emotional appraisal are linked to atypicalities in sensory processing that may impact embodiment. A latent profile analysis revealed five classes of individuals distinguished by the relative strength of different alexithymic traits and by differences in IA and sensory processing styles. The classes identified included two lexithymic, one modal, and two alexithymic groups, showing different susceptibilities to SPS. Overall, our findings lend support to the view that alexithymia is associated with atypicalities in both bottom–up and top–down processes that impact emotion processing and regulation. They also raise the possibility that individuals with different alexithymia subtypes may differ with regard to a range of factors, including not only SPS but also early life experiences, mental health outcomes, and susceptibility to various personality disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorna S Jakobson
- Department of Psychology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Sarah N Rigby
- Department of Psychology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
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14
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Doskas T, Vavougios GD, Karampetsou P, Kormas C, Synadinakis E, Stavrogianni K, Sionidou P, Serdari A, Vorvolakos T, Iliopoulos I, Vadikolias Κ. Neurocognitive impairment and social cognition in multiple sclerosis. Int J Neurosci 2021; 132:1229-1244. [PMID: 33527857 DOI: 10.1080/00207454.2021.1879066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE/AIM OF THE STUDY The impairment of neurocognitive functions occurs in all subtypes of multiple sclerosis, even from the earliest stages of the disease. Commonly reported manifestations of cognitive impairment include deficits in attention, conceptual reasoning, processing efficiency, information processing speed, memory (episodic and working), verbal fluency (language), and executive functions. Multiple sclerosis patients also suffer from social cognition impairment, which affects their social functioning. The objective of the current paper is to assess the effect of neurocognitive impairment and its potential correlation with social cognition performance and impairment in multiple sclerosis patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS An overview of the available-to-date literature on neurocognitive impairment and social cognition performance in multiple sclerosis patients by disease subtype was performed. RESULTS It is not clear if social cognition impairment occurs independently or secondarily to neurocognitive impairment. There are associations of variable strengths between neurocognitive and social cognition deficits and their neural basis is increasingly investigated. CONCLUSIONS The prompt detection of neurocognitive predictors of social cognition impairment that may be applicable to all multiple sclerosis subtypes and intervention are crucial to prevent further neural and social cognition decline in multiple sclerosis patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Triantafyllos Doskas
- Department of Neurology, Athens Naval Hospital, Athens, Greece.,Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Alexandroupolis, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Aspasia Serdari
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Alexandroupolis, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Theofanis Vorvolakos
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Alexandroupolis, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Ioannis Iliopoulos
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Alexandroupolis, Alexandroupolis, Greece
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15
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Li T, Wang L, Camilleri JA, Chen X, Li S, Stewart JL, Jiang Y, Eickhoff SB, Feng C. Mapping common grey matter volume deviation across child and adolescent psychiatric disorders. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2020; 115:273-284. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2020.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2020] [Revised: 04/05/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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16
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Yang HX, Shi HS, Ni K, Wang Y, Cheung EFC, Chan RCK. Exploring the links between alexithymia, empathy and schizotypy in college students using network analysis. Cogn Neuropsychiatry 2020; 25:245-253. [PMID: 32249676 DOI: 10.1080/13546805.2020.1749039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Impaired empathy is one of the major dysfunctions commonly found in patients with schizophrenia, with alexithymia being one possible underlying factor. Schizotypy represents a set of psychotic-like manifestations, investigation of which may contribute to our understanding of psychosis while minimising the confounding effects of illness chronicity and medication exposure. Few studies have specifically examined the associations among alexithymia, empathy and schizotypy. Methods: We investigated the relationships among alexithymia, empathy and schizotypy in college students using network analysis. The Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI), Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS), and Chapman Psychosis-Proneness scales were captured, and network based on the subscales were estimated in 552 participants. Strength, closeness and betweenness of nodes were calculated to measure the centrality. Results: Network analyses revealed a pattern connecting alexithymia with empathy and schizotypy. Negative connections between empathy and physical/social anhedonia and positive edges linking alexithymia with empathy and social anhedonia were observed. Conclusions: Network constructed in the study demonstrated alexithymia's role in empathic deficits. Our findings highlighted the connections between components of empathy, alexithymia and schizotypy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han-Xue Yang
- Neuropsychology and Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Hai-Song Shi
- North China Electric Power University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ke Ni
- Qiqihar Mental Health Center, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Wang
- Neuropsychology and Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | | | - Raymond C K Chan
- Neuropsychology and Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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17
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Kim N, Park I, Lee YJ, Jeon S, Kim S, Lee KH, Park J, Kim HK, Gwaq AR, Jun JY, Yoo SY, Lee SH, Kim SJ. Alexithymia and frontal-amygdala functional connectivity in North Korean refugees. Psychol Med 2020; 50:334-341. [PMID: 30744720 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291719000175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Refugees commonly experience difficulties with emotional processing, such as alexithymia, due to stressful or traumatic experiences. However, the functional connectivity of the amygdala, which is central to emotional processing, has yet to be assessed in refugees. Thus, the present study investigated the resting-state functional connectivity of the amygdala and its association with emotional processing in North Korean (NK) refugees. METHODS This study included 45 NK refugees and 40 native South Koreans (SK). All participants were administered the Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), and Clinician-administered PTSD Scale (CAPS), and differences between NK refugees and native SK in terms of resting-state functional connectivity of the amygdala were assessed. Additionally, the association between the strength of amygdala connectivity and the TAS score was examined. RESULTS Resting-state connectivity values from the left amygdala to the bilateral dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) and dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC) were higher in NK refugees than in native SK. Additionally, the strength of connectivity between the left amygdala and right dlPFC was positively associated with TAS score after controlling for the number of traumatic experiences and BDI and CAPS scores. CONCLUSIONS The present study found that NK refugees exhibited heightened frontal-amygdala connectivity, and that this connectivity was correlated with alexithymia. The present results suggest that increased frontal-amygdala connectivity in refugees may represent frontal down-regulation of the amygdala, which in turn may produce alexithymia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nambeom Kim
- Neuroresearch Institute, Gachon University, Republic of Korea
| | - Inkyung Park
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu Jin Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sehyun Jeon
- Department of Psychiatry, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Soohyun Kim
- Department of Neurology, Gangneung Asan Hospital, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Hwa Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Juhyun Park
- Department of Psychology , University at Buffalo, New York, USA
| | - Hang-Keun Kim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Gachon University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ah Reum Gwaq
- Korea Psychological Autopsy Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Yong Jun
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - So Young Yoo
- Department of Psychiatry, National Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - So Hee Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, National Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seog Ju Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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18
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Uribe C, Puig-Davi A, Abos A, Baggio HC, Junque C, Segura B. Neuroanatomical and Functional Correlates of Cognitive and Affective Empathy in Young Healthy Adults. Front Behav Neurosci 2019; 13:85. [PMID: 31118891 PMCID: PMC6504763 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2019.00085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2018] [Accepted: 04/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Neural substrates of empathy are mainly investigated through task-related functional MRI. However, the functional neural mechanisms at rest underlying the empathic response have been poorly studied. We aimed to investigate neuroanatomical and functional substrates of cognitive and affective empathy. The self-reported empathy questionnaire Cognitive and Affective Empathy Test (TECA), T1 and T2∗-weighted 3-Tesla MRI were obtained from 22 healthy young females (mean age: 19.6 ± 2.4) and 20 males (mean age: 22.5 ± 4.4). Groups of low and high empathy were established for each scale. FreeSurfer v6.0 was used to estimate cortical thickness and to automatically segment the subcortical structures. FSL v5.0.10 was used to compare resting-state connectivity differences between empathy groups in six defined regions: the orbitofrontal, cingulate, and insular cortices, and the amygdala, hippocampus, and thalamus using a non-parametric permutation approach. The high empathy group in the Perspective Taking subscale (cognitive empathy) had greater thickness in the left orbitofrontal and ventrolateral frontal cortices, bilateral anterior cingulate, superior frontal, and occipital regions. Within the affective empathy scales, subjects with high Empathic Distress had higher thalamic volumes than the low-empathy group. Regarding resting-state connectivity analyses, low-empathy individuals in the Empathic Happiness scale had increased connectivity between the orbitofrontal cortex and the anterior cingulate when compared with the high-empathy group. In conclusion, from a structural point of view, there is a clear dissociation between the brain correlates of affective and cognitive factors of empathy. Neocortical correlates were found for the cognitive empathy dimension, whereas affective empathy is related to lower volumes in subcortical structures. Functionally, affective empathy is linked to connectivity between the orbital and cingulate cortices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carme Uribe
- Medical Psychology Unit, Department of Medicine, Institute of Neuroscience, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Arnau Puig-Davi
- Medical Psychology Unit, Department of Medicine, Institute of Neuroscience, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alexandra Abos
- Medical Psychology Unit, Department of Medicine, Institute of Neuroscience, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Hugo C Baggio
- Medical Psychology Unit, Department of Medicine, Institute of Neuroscience, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carme Junque
- Medical Psychology Unit, Department of Medicine, Institute of Neuroscience, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Barbara Segura
- Medical Psychology Unit, Department of Medicine, Institute of Neuroscience, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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19
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Grzegorzewski P, Kulesza M, Pluta A, Iqbal Z, Kucharska K. Assessing self-reported empathy and altruism in patients suffering from enduring borderline personality disorder. Psychiatry Res 2019; 273:798-807. [PMID: 30819534 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2018.12.109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2018] [Revised: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Self-report studies on empathy in adults with borderline personality disorder (BPD) have based upon the Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI) and generally identified deficits in perspective taking abilities in this group, but indicated less coherent results regarding empathic concern. These two constructs are considered subcomponents of cognitive (CE) and affective empathy (AE), respectively. However, the IRI does not enable for valid investigation of overall levels of these empathy types. Surprisingly, although some findings from the general population suggest that empathy types may be positively related to altruism, neither this link nor general altruism have been examined in BPD. Additionally, these constructs have not been sufficiently studied in this group in the context of alexithymia or potential clinical confounders. Hence, women with BPD (N = 30) and healthy women (N = 38) completed, i.a., the Questionnaire of Cognitive and Affective Empathy, Self-Report Altruism Scale, TAS-20, STAI, and CESD-R. Patients with BPD reported significantly decreased overall CE (including worse online simulation abilities - conceptually similar to perspective taking from the IRI), but a similar level of overall AE. They also demonstrated lower altruism. Taken together, these results suggest that BPD patients have difficulties with imagining what emotions others are feeling and with altruistic responding to their needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Grzegorzewski
- Department of Neuroses, Personality Disorders, and Eating Disorders, Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology, 9 Sobieskiego Street, 02-957 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Maria Kulesza
- Laboratory of Brain Imaging, Neurobiology Center, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Zaffer Iqbal
- NAViGO Health Care and Social Care CIC, Grimsby, United Kingdom; Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Hull, Hull, United Kingdom
| | - Katarzyna Kucharska
- Department of Neuroses, Personality Disorders, and Eating Disorders, Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology, 9 Sobieskiego Street, 02-957 Warsaw, Poland.
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20
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Farah T, Ling S, Raine A, Yang Y, Schug R. Alexithymia and reactive aggression: The role of the amygdala. Psychiatry Res Neuroimaging 2018; 281:85-91. [PMID: 30273792 PMCID: PMC6226305 DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2018.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2018] [Revised: 06/23/2018] [Accepted: 09/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Past research suggests an association between reactive aggression and alexithymia, but neural mechanisms underlying this association remain unknown. Furthermore, the relationship between proactive aggression and alexithymia remains untested. This study aimed to: (1) test whether alexithymia is more related to reactive than proactive aggression; and (2) determine whether amygdala, insula, and/or anterior cingulate cortical (ACC) volume could be neurobiological mechanisms for this association. One hundred and fifty-six community males completed the Reactive-Proactive Aggression Questionnaire and the Toronto Alexithymia Scale. Amygdala, insula, and ACC volumes were assessed using MRI. Alexithymia was positively associated with reactive but not proactive aggression. Alexithymia was positively and bilaterally associated with amygdala and anterior cingulate volumes. Reactive aggression was positively associated with right amygdala volume. Controlling for right amygdala volume rendered the alexithymia-reactive aggression relationship non-significant. Results suggest that increased right amygdala volume is a common neurobiological denominator for both alexithymia and reactive aggression. Findings suggest that greater right hemisphere activation may reflect a vulnerability to negative affect, which in turn predisposes to experiencing negative emotions leading to increased aggression. Findings are among the first to explicate the nature of the alexithymia-aggression relationship, with potential clinical implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theodora Farah
- Department of Psychology, University of Pennsylvania, 425 S. University Ave, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
| | - Shichun Ling
- Department of Criminology, University of Pennsylvania, 3809 Walnut St., Suite 201, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Adrian Raine
- Departments of Criminology, Psychology, and Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, 3809 Walnut St., Suite 204, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Yaling Yang
- Department of Pediatrics Children's Hospital Los Angeles, University of Southern California, 4650 Sunset Boulevard, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA
| | - Robert Schug
- School of Criminology, Criminal Justice, and Emergency Management, California State University, Long Beach, 1250 Bellflower Boulevard, Long Beach, CA 90840, USA
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Structure of the alexithymic brain: A parametric coordinate-based meta-analysis. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2018; 87:50-55. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2018.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2017] [Revised: 12/10/2017] [Accepted: 01/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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22
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Lischke A, Pahnke R, Mau-Moeller A, Behrens M, Grabe HJ, Freyberger HJ, Hamm AO, Weippert M. Inter-individual Differences in Heart Rate Variability Are Associated with Inter-individual Differences in Empathy and Alexithymia. Front Psychol 2018. [PMID: 29541046 PMCID: PMC5836598 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2018.00229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study, we investigated whether inter-individual differences in vagally mediated heart rate variability (vmHRV) would be associated with inter-individual differences in empathy and alexithymia. To this end, we determined resting state HF-HRV in 90 individuals that also completed questionnaires assessing inter-individual differences in empathy and alexithymia. Our categorical and dimensional analyses revealed that inter-individual differences in HF-HRV were differently associated with inter-individual differences in empathy and alexithymia. We found that individuals with high HF-HRV reported more empathy and less alexithymia than individuals with low HF-HRV. Moreover, we even found that an increase in HF-HRV was associated with an increase in empathy and a decrease in alexithymia across all participants. Taken together, these findings indicate that individuals with high HF-HRV are more empathetic and less alexithymic than individuals with low HF-HRV. These differences in empathy and alexithymia may explain why individuals with high HF-HRV are more successful in sharing and understanding the mental and emotional states of others than individuals with low HF-HRV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Lischke
- Department of Psychology, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Rike Pahnke
- Institute of Sport Science, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Anett Mau-Moeller
- Department of Orthopaedics, University Medicine Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Martin Behrens
- Institute of Sport Science, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Hans J Grabe
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Harald J Freyberger
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.,HELIOS Klinikum Stralsund, Stralsund, Germany
| | - Alfons O Hamm
- Department of Psychology, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
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Li X, Lu J, Li B, Li H, Jin L, Qiu J. The role of ventromedial prefrontal cortex volume in the association of expressive suppression and externally oriented thinking. J Affect Disord 2017; 222:112-119. [PMID: 28688264 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2017.06.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2016] [Revised: 06/04/2017] [Accepted: 06/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies have suggested that expressive suppression (ES) is linked to externally oriented thinking (EOT) through the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC), and there are gender differences in their association. The present structural magnetic resonance imaging study was to investigate the neural bases of ES and EOT and their association in females versus males in a Chinese college sample. METHODS A total of 142 participants (83 females) were enrolled, and they completed the ES subscale of the Emotion Regulation Questionnaire, 20-item Toronto Alexithymia Scale, and anatomical scanning. Voxel-based morphometry, region of interest, and whole brain analyses with peak-level significance (family-wise error corrected at p < .05) were conducted to investigate the association of gray matter volume (GMV) variations with ES and EOT. A bootstrapping analysis was conducted to examine the role of vmPFC volume in the ES-EOT association. RESULTS The ES scores were positively linked to the GMV of the vmPFC in females and negatively related to right dorsolateral PFC volume in males. The EOT scores were positively correlated with the GMV of the vmPFC in females and supplementary motor area in males. Furthermore, vmPFC volume mediated the relationship between ES and EOT LIMITATIONS: The cross-sectional design limited causal conclusions. CONCLUSIONS The vmPFC may be the only neural base of ES and EOT and their association. In addition, these results were sex-specific.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Li
- Department of Psychology, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China
| | - Jiamei Lu
- Department of Psychology, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China.
| | - Bingbing Li
- School of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715,China; Center for Mental Health Education, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715,China
| | - Haijiang Li
- Department of Psychology, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China
| | - Li Jin
- Department of Psychology, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China
| | - Jiang Qiu
- School of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715,China; Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (SWU), Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400715, China
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Takamatsu R, Takai J. With or Without Empathy: Primary Psychopathy and Difficulty in Identifying Feelings Predict Utilitarian Judgment in Sacrificial Dilemmas. ETHICS & BEHAVIOR 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/10508422.2017.1367684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Reina Takamatsu
- Department of Psychology and Developmental Sciences, Nagoya University
| | - Jiro Takai
- Department of Psychology and Developmental Sciences, Nagoya University
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26
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Chalah MA, Ayache SS. Alexithymia in multiple sclerosis: A systematic review of literature. Neuropsychologia 2017; 104:31-47. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2017.07.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2017] [Revised: 07/28/2017] [Accepted: 07/29/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Donges US, Suslow T. Alexithymia and automatic processing of emotional stimuli: a systematic review. Rev Neurosci 2017; 28:247-264. [DOI: 10.1515/revneuro-2016-0049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2016] [Accepted: 11/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
AbstractAlexithymia is a personality trait characterized by difficulties in recognizing and verbalizing emotions and the utilization of a cognitive style that is oriented toward external events, rather than intrapsychic experiences. Alexithymia is considered a vulnerability factor influencing onset and course of many psychiatric disorders. Even though emotions are, in general, elicited involuntarily and emerge without conscious effort, it is surprising that little attention in etiological considerations concerning alexithymia has been given to deficits in automatic emotion processing and their neurobiological bases. In this article, results from studies using behavioral or neurobiological research methods were systematically reviewed in which automatic processing of external emotional information was investigated as a function of alexithymia in healthy individuals. Twenty-two studies were identified through a literature search of Psycinfo, PubMed, and Web of Science databases from 1990 to 2016. The review reveals deficits in the automatic processing of emotional stimuli in alexithymia at a behavioral and neurobiological level. The vast majority of the reviewed studies examined visual processing. The alexithymia facets externally oriented thinking and difficulties identifying feelings were found to be related to impairments in the automatic processing of threat-related facial expressions. Alexithymic individuals manifest low reactivity to barely visible negative emotional stimuli in brain regions responsible for appraisal, encoding, and affective response, e.g. amygdala, occipitotemporal areas, and insula. Against this background, it appears plausible to assume that deficits in automatic emotion processing could be factors contributing to alexithymic personality characteristics. Directions for future research on alexithymia and automatic emotion perception are suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uta-Susan Donges
- 1Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, University of Leipzig, Semmelweisstr 10, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany
- 2Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, Psychosomatics and Addiction Medicine, Martin Gropius Krankenhaus, Oderberger Straße 8, D-16225 Eberswalde, Germany
| | - Thomas Suslow
- 3Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, University of Leipzig, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany
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28
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Martínez-Velázquez ES, Honoré J, de Zorzi L, Ramos-Loyo J, Sequeira H. Autonomic Reactivity to Arousing Stimuli with Social and Non-social Relevance in Alexithymia. Front Psychol 2017; 8:361. [PMID: 28348539 PMCID: PMC5346581 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2017.00361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2016] [Accepted: 02/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Emotional difficulties in alexithymia and their social consequences have been linked to alterations in autonomic nervous system. However, most of previous studies did not take into account the distinction between the affective and the cognitive dimensions of the alexithymia, leading to inconsistent results. Aim: In this study, we compared the effects of both dimensions of alexithymia on the autonomic arousal to emotional and social visual stimulations. Methods: Skin conductance responses (SCRs) to items of the International Affective Pictures System characterized by emotional (unpleasant, neutral, and pleasant), social (with humans) or non-social (without humans) content were recorded in non-alexithymic (NA), affective (AA) and cognitive alexithymic (CA) participants, selected on the basis of the Toronto Alexithymia Scale and the Bermond-Vorst Alexithymia Questionnaire. All participants responded to questionnaires of empathy, social phobia, depression, and anxiety before the experiment and evaluated the arousal of the pictures after it. Results: Cognitive alexithymic group showed lower amplitudes of SCRs to pictures with social than without social relevance whereas the opposite pattern was observed for the NA group. Arousal emotional effects of the pictures on SCRs did not differ among groups. In addition, CA participants showed lower scores than NA in the Personal Taking sub-scale of the empathy questionnaire, while AA showed lower scores than NA in the fantasy sub-scale. The CA group showed higher social phobia, depression and anxiety scores, than the other two groups. Conclusion: This work has two original outcomes: first, affective alexithymics expressed lower empathic affective scores than other groups; second, alexithymia modulated the impact of the social relevance of the stimuli on the autonomic reactivity, this impact vanishing in affective alexithymics and reversing in cognitive alexithymics. Thus, though the groups could not be distinguished on the basis of emotional effect on SCRs, they clearly differed when the empathic characteristics and the autonomic impact of social relevance were considered. Finally, the described autonomic signature to social relevant information could contribute to elucidate the difficulty of alexithymics to deal with emotions during social transactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo S. Martínez-Velázquez
- Laboratorio de Psicofisiologia, Institute of Neuroscience, University of GuadalajaraGuadalajara, Mexico
- Facultad de Psicología, Meritorious Autonomous University of PueblaPuebla, Mexico
| | - Jacques Honoré
- DEEP Team, SCALab, UMR 9193, CNRS & University of LilleLille, France
| | - Lucas de Zorzi
- DEEP Team, SCALab, UMR 9193, CNRS & University of LilleLille, France
| | - Julieta Ramos-Loyo
- Laboratorio de Psicofisiologia, Institute of Neuroscience, University of GuadalajaraGuadalajara, Mexico
| | - Henrique Sequeira
- DEEP Team, SCALab, UMR 9193, CNRS & University of LilleLille, France
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29
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Hunt PA, Denieffe S, Gooney M. Burnout and its relationship to empathy in nursing: a review of the literature. J Res Nurs 2017. [DOI: 10.1177/1744987116678902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Compassion and empathy are viewed as important by both nurses and patients. The positive emotions that nurses feel as a result of compassionate and empathic practice are known as compassion satisfaction, whilst the negative consequences are known as burnout and compassion fatigue. Empathy has two distinct components: emotional empathy, which involves feeling the emotions of another, and cognitive empathy, which relates to self-regulation of the emotion felt. The purpose of this literature review is to examine the relationship between burnout and empathy in the nursing literature. The results suggest that the relationship between these constructs is complex, and an ability to self-regulate emotions during empathic engagement may reduce the risk of burnout. The implications for nurses, health care organisations, educators and health care policy makers are discussed. This review provides insight into how adaptive empathic engagement may reduce the risk of burnout.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia A Hunt
- Assistant Lecturer, Department of Nursing and Health Care, Waterford Institute of Technology, Ireland
| | - Suzanne Denieffe
- Head of Department of Nursing and Health Care, Department of Nursing and Health Care, Waterford Institute of Technology, Ireland
| | - Martina Gooney
- Lecturer in Physiology, Department of Nursing and Health Care, Waterford Institute of Technology, Ireland
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Cecchetto C, Korb S, Rumiati RI, Aiello M. Emotional reactions in moral decision-making are influenced by empathy and alexithymia. Soc Neurosci 2017; 13:226-240. [DOI: 10.1080/17470919.2017.1288656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Sebastian Korb
- Department of Applied Psychology: Health, Development, Enhancement and Intervention, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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Eckstein M, Markett S, Kendrick KM, Ditzen B, Liu F, Hurlemann R, Becker B. Oxytocin differentially alters resting state functional connectivity between amygdala subregions and emotional control networks: Inverse correlation with depressive traits. Neuroimage 2017; 149:458-467. [PMID: 28161309 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2017.01.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2016] [Revised: 01/03/2017] [Accepted: 01/31/2017] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The hypothalamic neuropeptide oxytocin (OT) has received increasing attention for its role in modulating social-emotional processes across species. Previous studies on using intranasal-OT in humans point to a crucial engagement of the amygdala in the observed neuromodulatory effects of OT under task and rest conditions. However, the amygdala is not a single homogenous structure, but rather a set of structurally and functionally heterogeneous nuclei that show distinct patterns of connectivity with limbic and frontal emotion-processing regions. To determine potential differential effects of OT on functional connectivity of the amygdala subregions, 79 male participants underwent resting-state fMRI following randomized intranasal-OT or placebo administration. In line with previous studies OT increased the connectivity of the total amygdala with dorso-medial prefrontal regions engaged in emotion regulation. In addition, OT enhanced coupling of the total amygdala with cerebellar regions. Importantly, OT differentially altered the connectivity of amygdala subregions with distinct up-stream cortical nodes, particularly prefrontal/parietal, and cerebellar down-stream regions. OT-induced increased connectivity with cerebellar regions were largely driven by effects on the centromedial and basolateral subregions, whereas increased connectivity with prefrontal regions were largely mediated by right superficial and basolateral subregions. OT decreased connectivity of the centromedial subregions with core hubs of the emotional face processing network in temporal, occipital and parietal regions. Preliminary findings suggest that effects on the superficial amygdala-prefrontal pathway were inversely associated with levels of subclinical depression, possibly indicating that OT modulation may be blunted in the context of increased pathological load. Together, the present findings suggest a subregional-specific modulatory role of OT on amygdala-centered emotion processing networks in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Eckstein
- Institute of Medical Psychology, Center for Psychosocial Medicine, University Hospital Heidelberg, D-69115 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sebastian Markett
- Department of Psychology, University of Bonn, D-53127 Bonn, Germany; Center for Economics and Neuroscience, University of Bonn, D-53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Keith M Kendrick
- Key Laboratory for NeuroInformation of Ministry of Education, Center for Information in Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 611731, China
| | - Beate Ditzen
- Institute of Medical Psychology, Center for Psychosocial Medicine, University Hospital Heidelberg, D-69115 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Fang Liu
- Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705-2275, USA
| | - Rene Hurlemann
- Department of Psychiatry and Division of Medical Psychology, University of Bonn, D-53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Benjamin Becker
- Key Laboratory for NeuroInformation of Ministry of Education, Center for Information in Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 611731, China.
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Goerlich KS, Votinov M, Lammertz SE, Winkler L, Spreckelmeyer KN, Habel U, Gründer G, Gossen A. Effects of alexithymia and empathy on the neural processing of social and monetary rewards. Brain Struct Funct 2016; 222:2235-2250. [DOI: 10.1007/s00429-016-1339-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2016] [Accepted: 11/15/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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