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Charest J, Walsh M, Genois É, Sévigny E, Schwarz PO, Gagnon L, Desjardins M. Comparison of compartmental analytical Blood-Oxygen-Level-Dependent functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging models against Monte Carlo simulations performed over cortical micro-angiograms. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2024:e5252. [PMID: 39245649 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.5252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Revised: 08/06/2024] [Accepted: 08/19/2024] [Indexed: 09/10/2024]
Abstract
Blood oxygen level-dependent functional magnetic resonance imaging (BOLD fMRI) arises from a physiological and physical cascade of events taking place at the level of the cortical microvasculature which constitutes a medium with complex geometry. Several analytical models of the BOLD contrast have been developed, but these have not been compared directly against detailed bottom-up modeling methods. Using a 3D modeling method based on experimentally measured images of mice microvasculature and Monte Carlo simulations, we quantified the accuracy of two analytical models to predict the amplitude of the BOLD response from 1.5 to 7 T, for different echo time (TE) and for both gradient echo and spin echo acquisition protocols. We also showed that accounting for the tridimensional structure of the microvasculature results in more accurate prediction of the BOLD amplitude, even if the values for SO2 were averaged across individual vascular compartments. A secondary finding is that modeling the venous compartment as two individual compartments results in more accurate prediction of the BOLD amplitude compared with standard homogenous venous modeling, arising from the bimodal distribution of venous SO2 across the microvasculature in our data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan Charest
- Department of Physics, Engineering Physics and Optics, Université Laval, Quebec, Canada
| | - Mathieu Walsh
- Department of Physics, Engineering Physics and Optics, Université Laval, Quebec, Canada
| | - Élie Genois
- Department of Physics, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Canada
| | - Emmanuelle Sévigny
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, Canada
| | | | - Louis Gagnon
- Department of Physics, Engineering Physics and Optics, Université Laval, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, Canada
| | - Michèle Desjardins
- Department of Physics, Engineering Physics and Optics, Université Laval, Quebec, Canada
- Oncology Division, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Quebec, Canada
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2
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Wang Y, Zeng W, Ni C, Kong X, Mu X, Conlin CC, Qi H, Zhang JL. Exercise-induced calf muscle hyperemia quantified with dynamic blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) imaging. Magn Reson Imaging 2024; 111:21-27. [PMID: 38582100 DOI: 10.1016/j.mri.2024.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
Muscle hyperemia in exercise is usually the combined result of increased cardiac output and local muscle vasodilation, with the latter reflecting muscle's capacity for increased blood perfusion to support exercise. In this study, we aim to quantify muscle's vasodilation capability with dynamic BOLD imaging. A deoxyhemoglobin-kinetics model is proposed to analyze dynamic BOLD signals acquired during exercise recovery, deriving a hyperemia index (HI) for a muscle group of interest. We demonstrated the method's validity with calf muscles of healthy subjects who performed plantar flexion for muscle stimulation. In a test with exercise load incrementally increasing from 0 to 16 lbs., gastrocnemius HI showed considerable variance among the 4 subjects, but with a consistent trend, i.e. low at light load (e.g. 0-6 lbs) and linearly increasing at heavy load. The high variability among different subjects was confirmed with the other 10 subjects who exercised with a same moderate load of 8 lbs., with coefficient of variance among subjects' medial gastrocnemius 87.8%, lateral gastrocnemius 111.8% and soleus 132.3%. These findings align with the fact that intensive exercise induces high muscle hyperemia, but a comparison among different subjects is hard to make, presumably due to the subjects' different rate of oxygen utilization. For the same 10 subjects who exercised with load of 8 lbs., we also performed dynamic contrast enhanced (DCE) MRI to measure muscle perfusion (F). With a moderate correlation of 0.654, HI and F displayed three distinctive responses of calf muscles: soleus of all the subjects were in the cluster of low F and low HI, and gastrocnemius of most subjects had high F and either low or high HI. This finding suggests that parameter F encapsulates blood flow through vessels of all sizes, but BOLD-derived HI focuses on capillary flow and therefore is a more specific indicator of muscle vasodilation. In conclusion, the proposed hyperemia index has the potential of quantitatively assessing muscle vasodilation induced with exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujie Wang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, ShanghaiTech University, 393 Middle Huaxia Road, Pudong, Shanghai 201210, China; School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, 393 Middle Huaxia Road, Pudong, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Wanning Zeng
- School of Biomedical Engineering, ShanghaiTech University, 393 Middle Huaxia Road, Pudong, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Chang Ni
- School of Biomedical Engineering, ShanghaiTech University, 393 Middle Huaxia Road, Pudong, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Xiangwei Kong
- School of Biomedical Engineering, ShanghaiTech University, 393 Middle Huaxia Road, Pudong, Shanghai 201210, China; School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, 393 Middle Huaxia Road, Pudong, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Xin Mu
- School of Biomedical Engineering, ShanghaiTech University, 393 Middle Huaxia Road, Pudong, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Christopher C Conlin
- Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr. La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Haikun Qi
- School of Biomedical Engineering, ShanghaiTech University, 393 Middle Huaxia Road, Pudong, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Jeff L Zhang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, ShanghaiTech University, 393 Middle Huaxia Road, Pudong, Shanghai 201210, China.
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3
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Lee H, Xu J, Fernandez-Seara MA, Wehrli FW. Validation of a new 3D quantitative BOLD based cerebral oxygen extraction mapping. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2024; 44:1184-1198. [PMID: 38289876 PMCID: PMC11179617 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x231220332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
Quantitative BOLD (qBOLD) MRI allows evaluation of oxidative metabolism of the brain based purely on an endogenous contrast mechanism. The method quantifies deoxygenated blood volume (DBV) and hemoglobin oxygen saturation level of venous blood (Yv), yielding oxygen extraction fraction (OEF), and along with a separate measurement of cerebral blood flow, cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen (CMRO2) maps. Here, we evaluated our recently reported 3D qBOLD method that rectifies a number of deficiencies in prior qBOLD approaches in terms of repeat reproducibility and sensitivity to hypercapnia on the metabolic parameters, and in comparison to dual-gas calibrated BOLD (cBOLD) MRI for determining resting-state oxygen metabolism. Results suggested no significant difference between test-retest qBOLD scans in either DBV and OEF. Exposure to hypercapnia yielded group averages of 38 and 28% for OEF and 151 and 146 µmol/min/100 g for CMRO2 in gray matter at baseline and hypercapnia, respectively. The decrease of OEF during hypercapnia was significant (p ≪ 0.01), whereas CMRO2 did not change significantly (p = 0.25). Finally, baseline OEF (37 vs. 39%) and CMRO2 (153 vs. 145 µmol/min/100 g) in gray matter using qBOLD and dual-gas cBOLD were found to be in good agreement with literature values, and were not significantly different from each other (p > 0.1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyunyeol Lee
- School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Jing Xu
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Maria A Fernandez-Seara
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Radiology, Clinica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Felix W Wehrli
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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4
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Rae CD, Baur JA, Borges K, Dienel G, Díaz-García CM, Douglass SR, Drew K, Duarte JMN, Duran J, Kann O, Kristian T, Lee-Liu D, Lindquist BE, McNay EC, Robinson MB, Rothman DL, Rowlands BD, Ryan TA, Scafidi J, Scafidi S, Shuttleworth CW, Swanson RA, Uruk G, Vardjan N, Zorec R, McKenna MC. Brain energy metabolism: A roadmap for future research. J Neurochem 2024; 168:910-954. [PMID: 38183680 PMCID: PMC11102343 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.16032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2024]
Abstract
Although we have learned much about how the brain fuels its functions over the last decades, there remains much still to discover in an organ that is so complex. This article lays out major gaps in our knowledge of interrelationships between brain metabolism and brain function, including biochemical, cellular, and subcellular aspects of functional metabolism and its imaging in adult brain, as well as during development, aging, and disease. The focus is on unknowns in metabolism of major brain substrates and associated transporters, the roles of insulin and of lipid droplets, the emerging role of metabolism in microglia, mysteries about the major brain cofactor and signaling molecule NAD+, as well as unsolved problems underlying brain metabolism in pathologies such as traumatic brain injury, epilepsy, and metabolic downregulation during hibernation. It describes our current level of understanding of these facets of brain energy metabolism as well as a roadmap for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline D. Rae
- School of Psychology, The University of New South Wales, NSW 2052 & Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Joseph A. Baur
- Department of Physiology and Institute for Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Karin Borges
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Gerald Dienel
- Department of Neurology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
| | - Carlos Manlio Díaz-García
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
| | | | - Kelly Drew
- Center for Transformative Research in Metabolism, Institute of Arctic Biology, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, Alaska, USA
| | - João M. N. Duarte
- Department of Experimental Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Lund, & Wallenberg Centre for Molecular Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Jordi Duran
- Institut Químic de Sarrià (IQS), Universitat Ramon Llull (URL), Barcelona, Spain
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Oliver Kann
- Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University of Heidelberg, D-69120; Interdisciplinary Center for Neurosciences (IZN), University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Tibor Kristian
- Veterans Affairs Maryland Health Center System, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Department of Anesthesiology and the Center for Shock, Trauma, and Anesthesiology Research (S.T.A.R.), University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Dasfne Lee-Liu
- Facultad de Medicina y Ciencia, Universidad San Sebastián, Santiago, Región Metropolitana, Chile
| | - Britta E. Lindquist
- Department of Neurology, Division of Neurocritical Care, Gladstone Institute of Neurological Disease, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Ewan C. McNay
- Behavioral Neuroscience, University at Albany, Albany, New York, USA
| | - Michael B. Robinson
- Departments of Pediatrics and System Pharmacology & Translational Therapeutics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Douglas L. Rothman
- Magnetic Resonance Research Center and Departments of Radiology and Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Benjamin D. Rowlands
- School of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Timothy A. Ryan
- Department of Biochemistry, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Joseph Scafidi
- Department of Neurology, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Susanna Scafidi
- Anesthesiology & Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - C. William Shuttleworth
- Department of Neurosciences, University of New Mexico School of Medicine Albuquerque, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
| | - Raymond A. Swanson
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, and San Francisco Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Gökhan Uruk
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, and San Francisco Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Nina Vardjan
- Laboratory of Cell Engineering, Celica Biomedical, Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology—Molecular Cell Physiology, Institute of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Robert Zorec
- Laboratory of Cell Engineering, Celica Biomedical, Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology—Molecular Cell Physiology, Institute of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Mary C. McKenna
- Department of Pediatrics and Program in Neuroscience, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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5
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Stumpo V, Sayin ES, Bellomo J, Sobczyk O, van Niftrik CHB, Sebök M, Weller M, Regli L, Kulcsár Z, Pangalu A, Bink A, Duffin J, Mikulis DD, Fisher JA, Fierstra J. Transient deoxyhemoglobin formation as a contrast for perfusion MRI studies in patients with brain tumors: a feasibility study. Front Physiol 2024; 15:1238533. [PMID: 38725571 PMCID: PMC11079274 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2024.1238533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Transient hypoxia-induced deoxyhemoglobin (dOHb) has recently been shown to represent a comparable contrast to gadolinium-based contrast agents for generating resting perfusion measures in healthy subjects. Here, we investigate the feasibility of translating this non-invasive approach to patients with brain tumors. Methods: A computer-controlled gas blender was used to induce transient precise isocapnic lung hypoxia and thereby transient arterial dOHb during echo-planar-imaging acquisition in a cohort of patients with different types of brain tumors (n = 9). We calculated relative cerebral blood volume (rCBV), cerebral blood flow (rCBF), and mean transit time (MTT) using a standard model-based analysis. The transient hypoxia induced-dOHb MRI perfusion maps were compared to available clinical DSC-MRI. Results: Transient hypoxia induced-dOHb based maps of resting perfusion displayed perfusion patterns consistent with underlying tumor histology and showed high spatial coherence to gadolinium-based DSC MR perfusion maps. Conclusion: Non-invasive transient hypoxia induced-dOHb was well-tolerated in patients with different types of brain tumors, and the generated rCBV, rCBF and MTT maps appear in good agreement with perfusion maps generated with gadolinium-based DSC MR perfusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vittorio Stumpo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Clinical Neuroscience Center, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ece Su Sayin
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Joint Department of Medical Imaging and the Functional Neuroimaging Lab, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Jacopo Bellomo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Clinical Neuroscience Center, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Olivia Sobczyk
- Joint Department of Medical Imaging and the Functional Neuroimaging Lab, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Anesthesia and Pain Management, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | - Martina Sebök
- Department of Neurosurgery, Clinical Neuroscience Center, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Michael Weller
- Department of Neurology, Clinical Neuroscience Center, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Luca Regli
- Department of Neurosurgery, Clinical Neuroscience Center, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Zsolt Kulcsár
- Department of Neuroradiology, Clinical Neuroscience Center, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Athina Pangalu
- Department of Neuroradiology, Clinical Neuroscience Center, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Andrea Bink
- Department of Neuroradiology, Clinical Neuroscience Center, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - James Duffin
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Joint Department of Medical Imaging and the Functional Neuroimaging Lab, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - David D. Mikulis
- Department of Anesthesia and Pain Management, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Joseph A. Fisher
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Joint Department of Medical Imaging and the Functional Neuroimaging Lab, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Jorn Fierstra
- Department of Neurosurgery, Clinical Neuroscience Center, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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6
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Amemiya S, Takao H, Abe O. Resting-State fMRI: Emerging Concepts for Future Clinical Application. J Magn Reson Imaging 2024; 59:1135-1148. [PMID: 37424140 DOI: 10.1002/jmri.28894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rsfMRI) has been developed as a method of investigating spontaneous neural activity. Based on its low-frequency signal synchronization, rsfMRI has made it possible to identify multiple macroscopic structures termed resting-state networks (RSNs) on a single scan of less than 10 minutes. It is easy to implement even in clinical practice, in which assigning tasks to patients can be challenging. These advantages have accelerated the adoption and growth of rsfMRI. Recently, studies on the global rsfMRI signal have attracted increasing attention. Because it primarily arises from physiological events, less attention has hitherto been paid to the global signal than to the local network (i.e., RSN) component. However, the global signal is not a mere nuisance or a subsidiary component. On the contrary, it is quantitatively the dominant component that accounts for most of the variance in the rsfMRI signal throughout the brain and provides rich information on local hemodynamics that can serve as an individual-level diagnostic biomarker. Moreover, spatiotemporal analyses of the global signal have revealed that it is closely and fundamentally associated with the organization of RSNs, thus challenging the basic assumptions made in conventional rsfMRI analyses and views on RSNs. This review introduces new concepts emerging from rsfMRI spatiotemporal analyses focusing on the global signal and discusses how they may contribute to future clinical medicine. EVIDENCE LEVEL: 5 TECHNICAL EFFICACY: Stage 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiori Amemiya
- Department of Radiology, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hidemasa Takao
- Department of Radiology, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Osamu Abe
- Department of Radiology, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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7
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Ebersberger L, Kratzer FJ, Franke VL, Nagel AM, Niesporek SC, Korzowski A, Ladd ME, Schlemmer HP, Paech D, Platt T. First implementation of dynamic oxygen-17 ( 17O) magnetic resonance imaging at 7 Tesla during neuronal stimulation in the human brain. MAGMA (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2024; 37:27-38. [PMID: 37737942 PMCID: PMC10876824 DOI: 10.1007/s10334-023-01119-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 08/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE First implementation of dynamic oxygen-17 (17O) MRI at 7 Tesla (T) during neuronal stimulation in the human brain. METHODS Five healthy volunteers underwent a three-phase 17O gas (17O2) inhalation experiment. Combined right-side visual stimulus and right-hand finger tapping were used to achieve neuronal stimulation in the left cerebral hemisphere. Data analysis included the evaluation of the relative partial volume (PV)-corrected time evolution of absolute 17O water (H217O) concentration and of the relative signal evolution without PV correction. Statistical analysis was performed using a one-tailed paired t test. Blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) experiments were performed to validate the stimulation paradigm. RESULTS The BOLD maps showed significant activity in the stimulated left visual and sensorimotor cortex compared to the non-stimulated right side. PV correction of 17O MR data resulted in high signal fluctuations with a noise level of 10% due to small regions of interest (ROI), impeding further quantitative analysis. Statistical evaluation of the relative H217O signal with PV correction (p = 0.168) and without (p = 0.382) did not show significant difference between the stimulated left and non-stimulated right sensorimotor ROI. DISCUSSION The change of cerebral oxygen metabolism induced by sensorimotor and visual stimulation is not large enough to be reliably detected with the current setup and methodology of dynamic 17O MRI at 7 T.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise Ebersberger
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg, Division of Radiology, Heidelberg, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine, Ruprecht-Karls University Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Pediatrics, Bern University Hospital, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Fabian J Kratzer
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg, Division of Medical Physics in Radiology, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Vanessa L Franke
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg, Division of Medical Physics in Radiology, Heidelberg, Germany
- Faculty of Physics and Astronomy, Ruprecht-Karls University Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Armin M Nagel
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg, Division of Medical Physics in Radiology, Heidelberg, Germany
- Institute of Radiology, Friedrich-Alexander University Hospital Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Sebastian C Niesporek
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg, Division of Medical Physics in Radiology, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Andreas Korzowski
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg, Division of Medical Physics in Radiology, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Mark E Ladd
- Faculty of Medicine, Ruprecht-Karls University Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg, Division of Medical Physics in Radiology, Heidelberg, Germany
- Faculty of Physics and Astronomy, Ruprecht-Karls University Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Heinz-Peter Schlemmer
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg, Division of Radiology, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Daniel Paech
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg, Division of Radiology, Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Tanja Platt
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg, Division of Medical Physics in Radiology, Heidelberg, Germany.
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8
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Bohraus Y, Merkle H, Logothetis NK, Goense J. Laminar differences in functional oxygen metabolism in monkey visual cortex measured with calibrated fMRI. Cell Rep 2023; 42:113341. [PMID: 37897728 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.113341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Blood-oxygenation-level-dependent functional magnetic resonance imaging (BOLD fMRI) of cortical layers relies on the hemodynamic response and is biased toward large veins on the cortical surface. Functional changes in the cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen (ΔCMRO2) may reflect neural cortical function better than BOLD fMRI, but it is unknown whether the calibrated BOLD model for functional CMRO2 measurement remains valid at high resolution. Here, we measure laminar ΔCMRO2 elicited by visual stimulation in macaque primary visual cortex (V1) and find that ΔCMRO2 peaks in the middle of the cortex, in agreement with autoradiographic measures of metabolism. ΔCMRO2 values in gray matter are similar as found previously. Reductions in CMRO2 are associated with veins at the cortical surface, suggesting that techniques for vein removal may improve the accuracy of the model at very high resolution. However, our results show feasibility of laminar ΔCMRO2 measurement, providing a physiologically meaningful metric of laminar functional metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yvette Bohraus
- Department of Physiology of Cognitive Processes, Max-Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | | | - Nikos K Logothetis
- Department of Physiology of Cognitive Processes, Max-Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics, 72076 Tübingen, Germany; Department of Physiology of Cognitive Processes, International Center for Primate Brain Research, Songjiang District, Shanghai 201602, China; Centre for Imaging Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Jozien Goense
- Department of Physiology of Cognitive Processes, Max-Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics, 72076 Tübingen, Germany; Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA; Department of Psychology, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL 61820, USA; Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA; Neuroscience Program, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
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9
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Weber CF, Lake EMR, Haider SP, Mozayan A, Bobba PS, Mukherjee P, Scheinost D, Constable RT, Ment L, Payabvash S. Autism spectrum disorder-specific changes in white matter connectome edge density based on functionally defined nodes. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1285396. [PMID: 38075286 PMCID: PMC10702224 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1285396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is associated with both functional and microstructural connectome disruptions. We deployed a novel methodology using functionally defined nodes to guide white matter (WM) tractography and identify ASD-related microstructural connectome changes across the lifespan. Methods We used diffusion tensor imaging and clinical data from four studies in the national database for autism research (NDAR) including 155 infants, 102 toddlers, 230 adolescents, and 96 young adults - of whom 264 (45%) were diagnosed with ASD. We applied cortical nodes from a prior fMRI study identifying regions related to symptom severity scores and used these seeds to construct WM fiber tracts as connectome Edge Density (ED) maps. Resulting ED maps were assessed for between-group differences using voxel-wise and tract-based analysis. We then examined the association of ASD diagnosis with ED driven from functional nodes generated from different sensitivity thresholds. Results In ED derived from functionally guided tractography, we identified ASD-related changes in infants (pFDR ≤ 0.001-0.483). Overall, more wide-spread ASD-related differences were detectable in ED based on functional nodes with positive symptom correlation than negative correlation to ASD, and stricter thresholds for functional nodes resulted in stronger correlation with ASD among infants (z = -6.413 to 6.666, pFDR ≤ 0.001-0.968). Voxel-wise analysis revealed wide-spread ED reductions in central WM tracts of toddlers, adolescents, and adults. Discussion We detected early changes of aberrant WM development in infants developing ASD when generating microstructural connectome ED map with cortical nodes defined by functional imaging. These were not evident when applying structurally defined nodes, suggesting that functionally guided DTI-based tractography can help identify early ASD-related WM disruptions between cortical regions exhibiting abnormal connectivity patterns later in life. Furthermore, our results suggest a benefit of involving functionally informed nodes in diffusion imaging-based probabilistic tractography, and underline that different age cohorts can benefit from age- and brain development-adapted image processing protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara F Weber
- Yale University School of Medicine, Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, New Haven, CT, United States
- Social Neuroscience Lab, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Lübeck University, Lübeck, Germany
- Center of Brain, Behavior and Metabolism (CBBM), Lübeck University, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Evelyn M R Lake
- Yale University School of Medicine, Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Stefan P Haider
- Yale University School of Medicine, Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, New Haven, CT, United States
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Ali Mozayan
- Yale University School of Medicine, Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Pratheek S Bobba
- Yale University School of Medicine, Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Pratik Mukherjee
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Dustin Scheinost
- Yale University School of Medicine, Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Robert T Constable
- Yale University School of Medicine, Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Laura Ment
- Yale University School of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics and Neurology, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Seyedmehdi Payabvash
- Yale University School of Medicine, Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, New Haven, CT, United States
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10
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Biondetti E, Cho J, Lee H. Cerebral oxygen metabolism from MRI susceptibility. Neuroimage 2023; 276:120189. [PMID: 37230206 PMCID: PMC10335841 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2023.120189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
This article provides an overview of MRI methods exploiting magnetic susceptibility properties of blood to assess cerebral oxygen metabolism, including the tissue oxygen extraction fraction (OEF) and the cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen (CMRO2). The first section is devoted to describing blood magnetic susceptibility and its effect on the MRI signal. Blood circulating in the vasculature can have diamagnetic (oxyhemoglobin) or paramagnetic properties (deoxyhemoglobin). The overall balance between oxygenated and deoxygenated hemoglobin determines the induced magnetic field which, in turn, modulates the transverse relaxation decay of the MRI signal via additional phase accumulation. The following sections of this review then illustrate the principles underpinning susceptibility-based techniques for quantifying OEF and CMRO2. Here, it is detailed whether these techniques provide global (OxFlow) or local (Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping - QSM, calibrated BOLD - cBOLD, quantitative BOLD - qBOLD, QSM+qBOLD) measurements of OEF or CMRO2, and what signal components (magnitude or phase) and tissue pools they consider (intravascular or extravascular). Validations studies and potential limitations of each method are also described. The latter include (but are not limited to) challenges in the experimental setup, the accuracy of signal modeling, and assumptions on the measured signal. The last section outlines the clinical uses of these techniques in healthy aging and neurodegenerative diseases and contextualizes these reports relative to results from gold-standard PET.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Biondetti
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, "D'Annunzio University" of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy; Institute for Advanced Biomedical Technologies, "D'Annunzio University" of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Junghun Cho
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, New York, USA
| | - Hyunyeol Lee
- School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea; Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
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11
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Suzuki H, Takeda H, Takuwa H, Ji B, Higuchi M, Kanno I, Masamoto K. Capillary responses to functional and pathological activations rely on the capillary states at rest. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2023; 43:1010-1024. [PMID: 36752020 PMCID: PMC10196750 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x231156372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Brain capillaries play a crucial role in maintaining cellular viability and thus preventing neurodegeneration. The aim of this study was to characterize the brain capillary morphology at rest and during neural activation based on a big data analysis from three-dimensional microangiography. Neurovascular responses were measured using a genetic calcium sensor expressed in neurons and microangiography with two-photon microscopy, while neural acivity was modulated by stimulation of contralateral whiskers or by a seizure evoked by kainic acid. For whisker stimulation, 84% of the capillary sites showed no detectable diameter change. The remaining 10% and 6% were dilated and constricted, respectively. Significant differences were observed for capillaries in the diameter at rest between the locations of dilation and constriction. Even the seizures resulted in 44% of the capillaries having no detectable change in diameter, while 56% of the capillaries dilated. The extent of dilation was dependent on the diameter at rest. In conclusion, big data analysis on brain capillary morphology has identified at least two types of capillary states: capillaries with diameters that are relatively large at rest and stable over time regardless of neural activity and capillaries whose diameters are relatively small at rest and vary according to neural activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Suzuki
- Graduate School of
Informatics and Engineering, University of Electro-Communications,
Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Takeda
- Graduate School of
Informatics and Engineering, University of Electro-Communications,
Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Takuwa
- Department of Functional
Brain Imaging, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology,
Chiba, Japan
| | - Bin Ji
- Department of Functional
Brain Imaging, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology,
Chiba, Japan
- Department of Radiopharmacy
and Molecular Imaging, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai,
China
| | - Makoto Higuchi
- Department of Functional
Brain Imaging, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology,
Chiba, Japan
| | - Iwao Kanno
- Department of Functional
Brain Imaging, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology,
Chiba, Japan
| | - Kazuto Masamoto
- Graduate School of
Informatics and Engineering, University of Electro-Communications,
Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Functional
Brain Imaging, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology,
Chiba, Japan
- Center for Neuroscience and
Biomedical Engineering, University of Electro-Communications, Tokyo,
Japan
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12
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Yang KC, Chou YH. Molecular imaging findings for treatment resistant depression. PROGRESS IN BRAIN RESEARCH 2023; 278:79-116. [PMID: 37414495 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pbr.2023.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
Approximately 40% of patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) had limited response to conventional antidepressant treatments, resulting in treatment-resistant depression (TRD), a debilitating subtype that yielded a significant disease burden worldwide. Molecular imaging techniques, such as positron emission tomography (PET) and single photon emission tomography (SPECT), can measure targeted macromolecules or biological processes in vivo. These imaging tools provide a unique possibility to explore the pathophysiology and treatment mechanisms underlying TRD. This work reviewed and summarized prior PET and SPECT studies to examine the neurobiology and treatment-induced changes of TRD. A total of 51 articles were included with supplementary information from studies for MDD and healthy controls (HC). We found that there were altered regional blood flow or metabolic activity in several brain regions, such as the anterior cingulate cortex, prefrontal cortex, insula, hippocampus, amygdala, parahippocampus, and striatum. These regions have been suggested to engage in the pathophysiology or treatment resistance of depression. There was also limited data to demonstrate the changes in the markers of serotonin, dopamine, amyloid, and microglia over some regions in TRD. Moreover, several observed abnormal imaging indices were linked to treatment outcomes, supporting their specificity and clinical relevance. To address the limitations of the included studies, we proposed that future studies needed longitudinal designs, multimodal approaches, and radioligands targeting specific neural substrates for TRD to evaluate their baseline and treatment-related alterations in TRD. Adequate data sharing and reproducible data analysis can facilitate advances in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Chun Yang
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Yuan-Hwa Chou
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan; Center for Quality Management, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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13
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Yu RQ, Zhang ZJ, Chen RS, Wang XY, Li X, Dai LQ, Li ZL. Electroconvulsive therapy-induced neuroimaging alterations measured by cerebral blood flow in adolescents with major depressive disorder. J Affect Disord 2023; 327:385-390. [PMID: 36758871 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.02.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/04/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is a novel treatment strategy for adolescents with major depressive disorder (MDD). However, its related neurobiological changes associated with ECT remain undetermined. OBJECTIVE To elucidate the impact of ECT on the regional cerebral blood flow (CBF), and to identify alterations in the CBF associated with clinical outcomes in adolescents with MDD. METHODS Fifty-two treatment-naive adolescents who had experienced their first episode of MDD and 36 healthy controls (HCs) were recruited. To assess baseline parameters, all subjects were scanned with arterial spin labeling resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (ASL-fMRI) at the beginning of the study. Subsequently, 27 MDD adolescents were re-scanned after 2 weeks after ECT. CBF imaging was used for the prediction of specific clinical outcomes. Lastly, the associations between alterations seen on brain imaging alterations after ECT and ECT clinical efficacy (ΔHAMD scores) were determined. RESULTS Relative to HCs, adolescents with MDD exhibited reduced CBF in the left medial superior frontal gyrus (SFGmed) (cluster = 243, peak t = -3.9373, and P < 0.001) and augmented CBF in the right percental gyrus (PerCG) (cluster = 321, peak t = 4.3332, and P < 0.001) at baseline. Following ECT, MDD adolescents exhibited reduced CBF in the right fusiform gyrus (FFG) (cluster = 309, peak t = -4.346, and P < 0.001) and left hippocampus (HIP) (cluster = 290, peak t = -4.706, and P < 0.001), and enhanced CBF in the left orbital part of the inferior frontal gyrus (ORBinf) (cluster = 214, peak t = 4.073, and P < 0.001). Correlation analysis suggested an inverse association between ΔHAMD scores and CBF values in the left ORBinf (R2 = 0.196, P = 0.021). CONCLUSIONS It was found that ECT resulted in alterations in CBF in specific brain areas, highlighting the significance of ORBinf in ECT pathophysiology in MDD adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ren-Qiang Yu
- Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China; Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Zhu-Jun Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Rong-Sheng Chen
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Xing-Yu Wang
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Xiao Li
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Lin-Qi Dai
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Zhen-Lin Li
- Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China.
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14
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Percie du Sert O, Unrau J, Gauthier CJ, Chakravarty M, Malla A, Lepage M, Raucher-Chéné D. Cerebral blood flow in schizophrenia: A systematic review and meta-analysis of MRI-based studies. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2023; 121:110669. [PMID: 36341843 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2022.110669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Schizophrenia-spectrum disorders (SSD) represent one of the leading causes of disability worldwide and are usually underpinned by neurodevelopmental brain abnormalities observed on a structural and functional level. Nuclear medicine imaging studies of cerebral blood flow (CBF) have already provided insights into the pathophysiology of these disorders. Recent developments in non-invasive MRI techniques such as arterial spin labeling (ASL) have allowed broader examination of CBF across SSD prompting us to conduct an updated literature review of MRI-based perfusion studies. In addition, we conducted a focused meta-analysis of whole brain studies to provide a complete picture of the literature on the topic. METHODS A systematic OVID search was performed in Embase, MEDLINEOvid, and PsycINFO. Studies eligible for inclusion in the review involved: 1) individuals with SSD, first-episode psychosis or clinical-high risk for psychosis, or; 2) had healthy controls for comparison; 3) involved MRI-based perfusion imaging methods; and 4) reported CBF findings. No time span was specified for the database queries (last search: 08/2022). Information related to participants, MRI techniques, CBF analyses, and results were systematically extracted. Whole-brain studies were then selected for the meta-analysis procedure. The methodological quality of each included studies was assessed. RESULTS For the systematic review, the initial Ovid search yielded 648 publications of which 42 articles were included, representing 3480 SSD patients and controls. The most consistent finding was that negative symptoms were linked to cortical fronto-limbic hypoperfusion while positive symptoms seemed to be associated with hyperperfusion, notably in subcortical structures. The meta-analysis integrated results from 13 whole-brain studies, across 426 patients and 401 controls, and confirmed the robustness of the hypoperfusion in the left superior and middle frontal gyri and right middle occipital gyrus while hyperperfusion was found in the left putamen. CONCLUSION This updated review of the literature supports the implication of hemodynamic correlates in the pathophysiology of psychosis symptoms and disorders. A more systematic exploration of brain perfusion could complete the search of a multimodal biomarker of SSD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivier Percie du Sert
- McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada; Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Joshua Unrau
- McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada; Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Claudine J Gauthier
- Concordia University, Montreal, QC, Canada; Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Mallar Chakravarty
- McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada; Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Ashok Malla
- McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada; Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Martin Lepage
- McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada; Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada.
| | - Delphine Raucher-Chéné
- McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada; Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada; University of Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Cognition, Health, and Society Laboratory (EA 6291), Reims, France; Academic Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Reims, EPSM Marne, Reims, France
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15
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Schellekens W, Bhogal AA, Roefs ECA, Báez-Yáñez MG, Siero JCW, Petridou N. The many layers of BOLD. The effect of hypercapnic and hyperoxic stimuli on macro- and micro-vascular compartments quantified by CVR, M, and CBV across cortical depth. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2023; 43:419-432. [PMID: 36262088 PMCID: PMC9941862 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x221133972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Ultra-high field functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) offers the spatial resolution to measure neuronal activity at the scale of cortical layers. However, cortical depth dependent vascularization differences, such as a higher prevalence of macro-vascular compartments near the pial surface, have a confounding effect on depth-resolved blood-oxygen-level dependent (BOLD) fMRI signals. In the current study, we use hypercapnic and hyperoxic breathing conditions to quantify the influence of all venous vascular and micro-vascular compartments on laminar BOLD fMRI, as measured with gradient-echo (GE) and spin-echo (SE) scan sequences, respectively. We find that all venous vascular and micro-vascular compartments are capable of comparable theoretical maximum signal intensities, as represented by the M-value parameter. However, the capacity for vessel dilation, as reflected by the cerebrovascular reactivity (CVR), is approximately two and a half times larger for all venous vascular compartments combined compared to the micro-vasculature at superficial layers. Finally, there is roughly a 35% difference in estimates of CBV changes between all venous vascular and micro-vascular compartments, although this relative difference was approximately uniform across cortical depth. Thus, our results suggest that fMRI BOLD signal differences across cortical depth are likely caused by differences in dilation properties between macro- and micro-vascular compartments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wouter Schellekens
- Radiology Department, Center for Image Sciences, UMC Utrecht,
Netherlands
| | - Alex A Bhogal
- Radiology Department, Center for Image Sciences, UMC Utrecht,
Netherlands
| | - Emiel CA Roefs
- Radiology Department, Center for Image Sciences, UMC Utrecht,
Netherlands
| | - Mario G Báez-Yáñez
- Radiology Department, Center for Image Sciences, UMC Utrecht,
Netherlands
| | - Jeroen CW Siero
- Radiology Department, Center for Image Sciences, UMC Utrecht,
Netherlands
- Spinoza Centre for Neuroimaging, Amsterdam, The
Netherlands
| | - Natalia Petridou
- Radiology Department, Center for Image Sciences, UMC Utrecht,
Netherlands
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16
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Schramm S, Börner C, Reichert M, Baum T, Zimmer C, Heinen F, Bonfert MV, Sollmann N. Functional magnetic resonance imaging in migraine: A systematic review. Cephalalgia 2023; 43:3331024221128278. [PMID: 36751858 DOI: 10.1177/03331024221128278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Migraine is a highly prevalent primary headache disorder. Despite a high burden of disease, key disease mechanisms are not entirely understood. Functional magnetic resonance imaging is an imaging method using the blood-oxygen-level-dependent signal, which has been increasingly used in migraine research over recent years. This systematic review summarizes recent findings employing functional magnetic resonance imaging for the investigation of migraine. METHODS We conducted a systematic search and selection of functional magnetic resonance imaging applications in migraine from April 2014 to December 2021 (PubMed and references of identified articles according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines). Methodological details and main findings were extracted and synthesized. RESULTS Out of 224 articles identified, 114 were included after selection. Repeatedly emerging structures of interest included the insula, brainstem, limbic system, hypothalamus, thalamus, and functional networks. Assessment of functional brain changes in response to treatment is emerging, and machine learning has been used to investigate potential functional magnetic resonance imaging-based markers of migraine. CONCLUSIONS A wide variety of functional magnetic resonance imaging-based metrics were found altered across the brain for heterogeneous migraine cohorts, partially correlating with clinical parameters and supporting the concept to conceive migraine as a brain state. However, a majority of findings from previous studies have not been replicated, and studies varied considerably regarding image acquisition and analyses techniques. Thus, while functional magnetic resonance imaging appears to have the potential to advance our understanding of migraine pathophysiology, replication of findings in large representative datasets and precise, standardized reporting of clinical data would likely benefit the field and further increase the value of observations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Severin Schramm
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Corinna Börner
- LMU Hospital, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatric Neurology and Developmental Medicine, Munich, Germany.,LMU Center for Children with Medical Complexity, iSPZ Hauner, Ludwig Maximilian University, Munich, Germany
| | - Miriam Reichert
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Thomas Baum
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Claus Zimmer
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,TUM-Neuroimaging Center, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Florian Heinen
- LMU Hospital, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatric Neurology and Developmental Medicine, Munich, Germany
| | - Michaela V Bonfert
- LMU Hospital, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatric Neurology and Developmental Medicine, Munich, Germany.,LMU Center for Children with Medical Complexity, iSPZ Hauner, Ludwig Maximilian University, Munich, Germany
| | - Nico Sollmann
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,TUM-Neuroimaging Center, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Ulm, Ulm, Germany
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17
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Martucci M, Russo R, Schimperna F, D’Apolito G, Panfili M, Grimaldi A, Perna A, Ferranti AM, Varcasia G, Giordano C, Gaudino S. Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Primary Adult Brain Tumors: State of the Art and Future Perspectives. Biomedicines 2023; 11:364. [PMID: 36830900 PMCID: PMC9953338 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11020364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
MRI is undoubtedly the cornerstone of brain tumor imaging, playing a key role in all phases of patient management, starting from diagnosis, through therapy planning, to treatment response and/or recurrence assessment. Currently, neuroimaging can describe morphologic and non-morphologic (functional, hemodynamic, metabolic, cellular, microstructural, and sometimes even genetic) characteristics of brain tumors, greatly contributing to diagnosis and follow-up. Knowing the technical aspects, strength and limits of each MR technique is crucial to correctly interpret MR brain studies and to address clinicians to the best treatment strategy. This article aimed to provide an overview of neuroimaging in the assessment of adult primary brain tumors. We started from the basilar role of conventional/morphological MR sequences, then analyzed, one by one, the non-morphological techniques, and finally highlighted future perspectives, such as radiomics and artificial intelligence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matia Martucci
- Dipartimento di Diagnostica per Immagini, Radioterapia Oncologica ed Ematologia, Fondazione Policlinico “A. Gemelli” IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Rosellina Russo
- Dipartimento di Diagnostica per Immagini, Radioterapia Oncologica ed Ematologia, Fondazione Policlinico “A. Gemelli” IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | | | - Gabriella D’Apolito
- Dipartimento di Diagnostica per Immagini, Radioterapia Oncologica ed Ematologia, Fondazione Policlinico “A. Gemelli” IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Panfili
- Dipartimento di Diagnostica per Immagini, Radioterapia Oncologica ed Ematologia, Fondazione Policlinico “A. Gemelli” IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro Grimaldi
- Istituto di Radiologia, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro Perna
- Istituto di Radiologia, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | | | - Giuseppe Varcasia
- Istituto di Radiologia, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Carolina Giordano
- Dipartimento di Diagnostica per Immagini, Radioterapia Oncologica ed Ematologia, Fondazione Policlinico “A. Gemelli” IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Simona Gaudino
- Dipartimento di Diagnostica per Immagini, Radioterapia Oncologica ed Ematologia, Fondazione Policlinico “A. Gemelli” IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Istituto di Radiologia, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
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18
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Ribarič S. Detecting Early Cognitive Decline in Alzheimer's Disease with Brain Synaptic Structural and Functional Evaluation. Biomedicines 2023; 11:355. [PMID: 36830892 PMCID: PMC9952956 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11020355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 01/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Early cognitive decline in patients with Alzheimer's (AD) is associated with quantifiable structural and functional connectivity changes in the brain. AD dysregulation of Aβ and tau metabolism progressively disrupt normal synaptic function, leading to loss of synapses, decreased hippocampal synaptic density and early hippocampal atrophy. Advances in brain imaging techniques in living patients have enabled the transition from clinical signs and symptoms-based AD diagnosis to biomarkers-based diagnosis, with functional brain imaging techniques, quantitative EEG, and body fluids sampling. The hippocampus has a central role in semantic and episodic memory processing. This cognitive function is critically dependent on normal intrahippocampal connections and normal hippocampal functional connectivity with many cortical regions, including the perirhinal and the entorhinal cortex, parahippocampal cortex, association regions in the temporal and parietal lobes, and prefrontal cortex. Therefore, decreased hippocampal synaptic density is reflected in the altered functional connectivity of intrinsic brain networks (aka large-scale networks), including the parietal memory, default mode, and salience networks. This narrative review discusses recent critical issues related to detecting AD-associated early cognitive decline with brain synaptic structural and functional markers in high-risk or neuropsychologically diagnosed patients with subjective cognitive impairment or mild cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samo Ribarič
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Pathophysiology, University of Ljubljana, Zaloška 4, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
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19
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Bang JW, Chan RW, Parra C, Murphy MC, Schuman JS, Nau AC, Chan KC. Diverging patterns of plasticity in the nucleus basalis of Meynert in early- and late-onset blindness. Brain Commun 2023; 5:fcad119. [PMID: 37101831 PMCID: PMC10123399 DOI: 10.1093/braincomms/fcad119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Plasticity in the brain is impacted by an individual's age at the onset of the blindness. However, what drives the varying degrees of plasticity remains largely unclear. One possible explanation attributes the mechanisms for the differing levels of plasticity to the cholinergic signals originating in the nucleus basalis of Meynert. This explanation is based on the fact that the nucleus basalis of Meynert can modulate cortical processes such as plasticity and sensory encoding through its widespread cholinergic projections. Nevertheless, there is no direct evidence indicating that the nucleus basalis of Meynert undergoes plastic changes following blindness. Therefore, using multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging, we examined if the structural and functional properties of the nucleus basalis of Meynert differ between early blind, late blind and sighted individuals. We observed that early and late blind individuals had a preserved volumetric size and cerebrovascular reactivity in the nucleus basalis of Meynert. However, we observed a reduction in the directionality of water diffusion in both early and late blind individuals compared to sighted individuals. Notably, the nucleus basalis of Meynert presented diverging patterns of functional connectivity between early and late blind individuals. This functional connectivity was enhanced at both global and local (visual, language and default-mode networks) levels in the early blind individuals, but there were little-to-no changes in the late blind individuals when compared to sighted controls. Furthermore, the age at onset of blindness predicted both global and local functional connectivity. These results suggest that upon reduced directionality of water diffusion in the nucleus basalis of Meynert, cholinergic influence may be stronger for the early blind compared to the late blind individuals. Our findings are important to unravelling why early blind individuals present stronger and more widespread cross-modal plasticity compared to late blind individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Won Bang
- Correspondence may also be addressed to: Ji Won Bang, PhD.
| | - Russell W Chan
- Department of Ophthalmology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, NYU Langone Health, New York University, New York, NY 10017, USA
| | - Carlos Parra
- Department of Ophthalmology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, NYU Langone Health, New York University, New York, NY 10017, USA
| | - Matthew C Murphy
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Joel S Schuman
- Department of Ophthalmology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, NYU Langone Health, New York University, New York, NY 10017, USA
- Neuroscience Institute, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, NYU Langone Health, New York University, New York, NY 10016, USA
- Center for Neural Science, College of Arts and Science, New York University, New York, NY 10003, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tandon School of Engineering, New York University, New York, NY 11201, USA
| | - Amy C Nau
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Korb and Associates, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Kevin C Chan
- Correspondence to: Kevin C. Chan, PhD, Departments of Ophthalmology and Radiology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, NYU Langone Health, New York University. 222 E 41st Street, Room 362, New York, NY 10017, USA.
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20
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Xiong Y, Ye C, Sun R, Chen Y, Zhong X, Zhang J, Zhong Z, Chen H, Huang M. Disrupted Balance of Gray Matter Volume and Directed Functional Connectivity in Mild Cognitive Impairment and Alzheimer's Disease. Curr Alzheimer Res 2023; 20:161-174. [PMID: 37278043 PMCID: PMC10514512 DOI: 10.2174/1567205020666230602144659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 03/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alterations in functional connectivity have been demonstrated in Alzheimer's disease (AD), an age-progressive neurodegenerative disorder that affects cognitive function; however, directional information flow has never been analyzed. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to determine changes in resting-state directional functional connectivity measured using a novel approach, granger causality density (GCD), in patients with AD, and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and explore novel neuroimaging biomarkers for cognitive decline detection. METHODS In this study, structural MRI, resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging, and neuropsychological data of 48 Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative participants were analyzed, comprising 16 patients with AD, 16 with MCI, and 16 normal controls. Volume-based morphometry (VBM) and GCD were used to calculate the voxel-based gray matter (GM) volumes and directed functional connectivity of the brain. We made full use of voxel-based between-group comparisons of VBM and GCD values to identify specific regions with significant alterations. In addition, Pearson's correlation analysis was conducted between directed functional connectivity and several clinical variables. Furthermore, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis related to classification was performed in combination with VBM and GCD. RESULTS In patients with cognitive decline, abnormal VBM and GCD (involving inflow and outflow of GCD) were noted in default mode network (DMN)-related areas and the cerebellum. GCD in the DMN midline core system, hippocampus, and cerebellum was closely correlated with the Mini- Mental State Examination and Functional Activities Questionnaire scores. In the ROC analysis combining VBM with GCD, the neuroimaging biomarker in the cerebellum was optimal for the early detection of MCI, whereas the precuneus was the best in predicting cognitive decline progression and AD diagnosis. CONCLUSION Changes in GM volume and directed functional connectivity may reflect the mechanism of cognitive decline. This discovery could improve our understanding of the pathology of AD and MCI and provide available neuroimaging markers for the early detection, progression, and diagnosis of AD and MCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Xiong
- Department of Neurology, the Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, China
| | - Chenghui Ye
- Department of Neurology, the Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, China
| | - Ruxin Sun
- Department of Neurology, the Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, China
| | - Ying Chen
- Department of Neurology, the Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, China
| | - Xiaochun Zhong
- Department of Neurology, the Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, China
| | - Jiaqi Zhang
- Department of Neurology, the Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, China
| | - Zhanhua Zhong
- Department of Neurology, the Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, China
| | - Hongda Chen
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, the Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, China
| | - Min Huang
- Department of Neurology, the Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, China
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21
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Sjuls GS, Specht K. Variability in Resting-State Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging: The Effect of Body Mass, Blood Pressure, Hematocrit, and Glycated Hemoglobin on Hemodynamic and Neuronal Parameters. Brain Connect 2022; 12:870-882. [PMID: 35473334 PMCID: PMC9807254 DOI: 10.1089/brain.2021.0125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Replicability has become an increasing focus within the scientific communities with the ongoing "replication crisis." One area that appears to struggle with unreliable results is resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI). Therefore, the current study aimed at improving the knowledge of endogenous factors that contribute to inter-individual variability. Methods: Arterial blood pressure (BP), body mass, hematocrit, and glycated hemoglobin were investigated as potential sources of between-subject variability in rs-fMRI, in healthy individuals. Whether changes in resting-state networks (rs-networks) could be attributed to variability in the blood-oxygen-level-dependent (BOLD)-signal, changes in neuronal activity, or both was of special interest. Within-subject parameters were estimated by utilizing dynamic-causal modeling, as it allows to make inferences on the estimated hemodynamic (BOLD-signal dynamics) and neuronal parameters (effective connectivity) separately. Results: The results of the analyses imply that BP and body mass can cause between-subject and between-group variability in the BOLD-signal and that all the included factors can affect the underlying connectivity. Discussion: Given the results of the current and previous studies, rs-fMRI results appear to be susceptible to a range of factors, which is likely to contribute to the low degree of replicability of these studies. Interestingly, the highest degree of variability seems to appear within the much-studied default mode network and its connections to other networks. Impact statement We believe that thanks to the evidence that we have collected by analyzing the well-controlled data of the Human Connectome Project with dynamic-causal modeling (DCM) and by focusing not only on the effective connectivity, which is the typical way of using DCM, but also by analyzing the underlying hemodynamic parameters, we were able to explore the underlying vascular dependencies in a much broader perspective. Our results challenge the premise for studying changes in the default mode network as a clinical marker of disease, and we add to the growing list of factors that contribute to resting-state network variability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guro Stensby Sjuls
- Department of Biological and Medical Psychology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.,Mohn Medical and Imaging Visualization Centre, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway.,Language Acquisition and Language Processing Lab, Department of Language and Literature, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.,Address correspondence to: Guro Stensby Sjuls, Language Acquisition and Language Processing Lab, Department of Language and Literature, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim 7491, Norway
| | - Karsten Specht
- Department of Biological and Medical Psychology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.,Mohn Medical and Imaging Visualization Centre, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway.,Department of Education, UiT/The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
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22
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Davis BR, Garza A, Church JA. Key considerations for child and adolescent MRI data collection. FRONTIERS IN NEUROIMAGING 2022; 1:981947. [PMID: 36312216 PMCID: PMC9615104 DOI: 10.3389/fnimg.2022.981947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Cognitive neuroimaging researchers' ability to infer accurate statistical conclusions from neuroimaging depends greatly on the quality of the data analyzed. This need for quality control is never more evident than when conducting neuroimaging studies with children and adolescents. Developmental neuroimaging requires patience, flexibility, adaptability, extra time, and effort. It also provides us a unique, non-invasive way to understand the development of cognitive processes, individual differences, and the changing relations between brain and behavior over the lifespan. In this discussion, we focus on collecting magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data, as it is one of the more complex protocols used with children and youth. Through our extensive experience collecting MRI datasets with children and families, as well as a review of current best practices, we will cover three main topics to help neuroimaging researchers collect high-quality datasets. First, we review key recruitment and retention techniques, and note the importance for consistency and inclusion across groups. Second, we discuss ways to reduce scan anxiety for families and ways to increase scan success by describing the pre-screening process, use of a scanner simulator, and the need to focus on participant and family comfort. Finally, we outline several important design considerations in developmental neuroimaging such as asking a developmentally appropriate question, minimizing data loss, and the applicability of public datasets. Altogether, we hope this article serves as a useful tool for those wishing to enter or learn more about developmental cognitive neuroscience.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jessica A. Church
- Department of Psychology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States
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23
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Mills-Finnerty C, Frangos E, Allen K, Komisaruk B, Wise N. Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Studies in Sexual Medicine: A Primer. J Sex Med 2022; 19:1073-1089. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsxm.2022.03.217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Revised: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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24
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Chen JJ, Uthayakumar B, Hyder F. Mapping oxidative metabolism in the human brain with calibrated fMRI in health and disease. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2022; 42:1139-1162. [PMID: 35296177 PMCID: PMC9207484 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x221077338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Conventional functional MRI (fMRI) with blood-oxygenation level dependent (BOLD) contrast is an important tool for mapping human brain activity non-invasively. Recent interest in quantitative fMRI has renewed the importance of oxidative neuroenergetics as reflected by cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen consumption (CMRO2) to support brain function. Dynamic CMRO2 mapping by calibrated fMRI require multi-modal measurements of BOLD signal along with cerebral blood flow (CBF) and/or volume (CBV). In human subjects this "calibration" is typically performed using a gas mixture containing small amounts of carbon dioxide and/or oxygen-enriched medical air, which are thought to produce changes in CBF (and CBV) and BOLD signal with minimal or no CMRO2 changes. However non-human studies have demonstrated that the "calibration" can also be achieved without gases, revealing good agreement between CMRO2 changes and underlying neuronal activity (e.g., multi-unit activity and local field potential). Given the simpler set-up of gas-free calibrated fMRI, there is evidence of recent clinical applications for this less intrusive direction. This up-to-date review emphasizes technological advances for such translational gas-free calibrated fMRI experiments, also covering historical progression of the calibrated fMRI field that is impacting neurological and neurodegenerative investigations of the human brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Jean Chen
- Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Rotman Research Institute, Baycrest, Toronto, Canada
| | - Biranavan Uthayakumar
- Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Canada
| | - Fahmeed Hyder
- Magnetic Resonance Research Center (MRRC), Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.,Department of Radiology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.,Quantitative Neuroscience with Magnetic Resonance (QNMR) Research Program, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
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25
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Pérez-Crespo L, Kusters MSW, López-Vicente M, Lubczyńska MJ, Foraster M, White T, Hoek G, Tiemeier H, Muetzel RL, Guxens M. Exposure to traffic-related air pollution and noise during pregnancy and childhood, and functional brain connectivity in preadolescents. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2022; 164:107275. [PMID: 35580436 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2022.107275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The amount of people affected by traffic-related air pollution and noise is continuously increasing, but limited research has been conducted on the association between these environmental exposures and functional brain connectivity in children. OBJECTIVE This exploratory study aimed to analyze the associations between the exposure to traffic-related air pollution and noise during pregnancy and childhood, and functional brain connectivity amongst a wide-swath of brain areas in preadolescents from 9 to 12 years of age. METHODS We used data of 2,197 children from the Generation R Study. Land use regression models were applied to estimate nitrogen oxides and particulate matter levels at participant's homes for several time periods: pregnancy, birth to 3 years, 3 to 6 years, and 6 years of age to the age at magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) assessment. Existing noise maps were used to estimate road traffic noise exposure at participant's homes for the same time periods. Resting-state functional MRI was obtained at 9-12 years of age. Pair-wise correlation coefficients of the blood-oxygen-level-dependent signals between 380 brain areas were calculated. Linear regressions were run and corrected for multiple testing. RESULTS Preadolescents exposed to higher levels of NO2, NOx, and PM2.5 absorbance, from birth to 3 years, and from 3 to 6 years of age showed higher correlation coefficients among several brain regions (e.g. from 0.16 to 0.19 higher correlation coefficient related to PM2.5 absorbance exposure, depending on the brain connection). Overall, most identified associations were between brain regions of the task positive and task negative networks, and were mainly inter-network (20 of 26). Slightly more than half of the connections were intra-hemispheric (14 of 26), predominantly in the right hemisphere. Road traffic noise was not associated with functional brain connectivity. CONCLUSIONS This exploratory study found that exposure to traffic-related air pollution during the first years of life was related to higher functional brain connectivity predominantly in brain areas located in the task positive and task negative networks, in preadolescents from 9 to 12 years of age. These results could be an indicator of differential functional connectivity in children exposed to higher levels of air pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Pérez-Crespo
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain; Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Michelle S W Kusters
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain; Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Mónica López-Vicente
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Małgorzata J Lubczyńska
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain; Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria Foraster
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain; Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; PHAGEX Research Group, Blanquerna School of Health Science, Universitat Ramon Lull (URL), Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Tonya White
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus MC Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Gerard Hoek
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - Henning Tiemeier
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Social and Behavioral Science, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health Boston, USA.
| | - Ryan L Muetzel
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Mònica Guxens
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain; Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
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26
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Beaudin AE, McCreary CR, Mazerolle EL, Gee M, Sharma B, Subotic A, Zwiers AM, Cox E, Nelles K, Charlton A, Frayne R, Ismail Z, Beaulieu C, Jickling G, Camicioli RM, Pike GB, Smith E. Cerebrovascular Reactivity Across the Entire Brain in Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy. Neurology 2022; 98:e1716-e1728. [PMID: 35210294 PMCID: PMC9071369 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000200136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Objectives Reduced cerebrovascular reactivity is proposed to be a feature of cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) but has not been measured directly. Employing a global vasodilatory stimulus (hypercapnia), this study assessed the relationships between cerebrovascular reactivity and MRI markers of CAA and cognitive function. Methods In a cross-sectional study, individuals with probable CAA, mild cognitive impairment, or dementia due to Alzheimer disease and healthy controls underwent neuropsychological testing and an MRI that included a 5% carbon dioxide challenge. Cerebrovascular reactivity was compared across groups controlling for age, sex, and the presence of hypertension, and its associations with MRI markers of CAA in participants with CAA and with cognition across all participants were determined using multivariable linear regression adjusting for group, age, sex, education, and the presence of hypertension. Results Cerebrovascular reactivity data (mean ± SD) were available for 26 participants with CAA (9 female; 74.4 ± 7.7 years), 19 participants with mild cognitive impairment (5 female; 72.1 ± 8.5 years), 12 participants with dementia due to Alzheimer disease (4 female; 69.4 ± 6.6 years), and 39 healthy controls (30 female; 68.8 ± 5.4 years). Gray and whiter matter reactivity averaged across the entire brain was lower in participants with CAA and Alzheimer disease dementia compared to healthy controls, with a predominantly posterior distribution of lower reactivity in both groups. Higher white matter hyperintensity volume was associated with lower white matter reactivity (standardized coefficient [β], 95% CI −0.48, −0.90 to −0.01). Higher gray matter reactivity was associated with better global cognitive function (β 0.19, 0.03–0.36), memory (β 0.21, 0.07–0.36), executive function (β 0.20, 0.02–0.39), and processing speed (β 0.27, 0.10–0.45) and higher white matter reactivity was associated with higher memory (β 0.22, 0.08–0.36) and processing speed (β 0.23, 0.06–0.40). Conclusions Reduced cerebrovascular reactivity is a core feature of CAA and its assessment may provide an additional biomarker for disease severity and cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew E Beaudin
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada .,Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Cheryl R McCreary
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Department of Radiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Seaman Family MR Research Centre, Foothills Medical Centre, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Erin L Mazerolle
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Department of Radiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Department of Psychology, St. Francis Xavier University, Antigonish, NS, Canada
| | - Myrlene Gee
- Division of Neurology and Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Breni Sharma
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Arsenije Subotic
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Angela M Zwiers
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Emily Cox
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Krista Nelles
- Division of Neurology and Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Anna Charlton
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Richard Frayne
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Department of Radiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Seaman Family MR Research Centre, Foothills Medical Centre, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Zahinoor Ismail
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Mathison Centre for Mental Health Research & Education, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Christian Beaulieu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Glen Jickling
- Division of Neurology and Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Richard M Camicioli
- Division of Neurology and Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.,Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - G Bruce Pike
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Department of Radiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Seaman Family MR Research Centre, Foothills Medical Centre, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Eric Smith
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Department of Radiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Seaman Family MR Research Centre, Foothills Medical Centre, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, AB, Canada
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27
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Xue X, Li S, Li H, Li Q, Hua Y. Deactivation of the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex indicated low postoperative sports levels in presurgical patients with chronic ankle instability. BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil 2021; 13:121. [PMID: 34627368 PMCID: PMC8501719 DOI: 10.1186/s13102-021-00353-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Injury-related fear contributed to disability in chronic ankle instability (CAI), while there still lacked exploration on the appraisal processes of the injury-related stimuli. This study aimed to compare the neural activities of the appraisal processes of sprain-related stimuli between presurgical chronic ankle instability patients and healthy controls through functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and evaluate its relationships with the clinical outcomes of orthopedic surgeries. METHODS Eighteen presurgical CAI patients and fourteen healthy controls were recruited and underwent an fMRI session with visual stimulation of movies that showing typical ankle sprains accidents or control videos and the corresponding fear ratings. The clinical outcomes were collected at baseline and a minimum of 2 years after surgery; these included the American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) scores, the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) scores, and the Tegner Activity Rating Scale scores. The two-sample t-test would be applied to identify which brain regions were influenced by CAI, and the correlation analysis would be applied to measure the relationship between the activation and clinical outcomes. RESULTS Dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC) was deactivated in CAI patients when compared with healthy controls, and the dACC deactivation strength revealed a moderate correlation with the values of fear ratings for all participants. The deactivation strength was negatively correlated with AOFAS at baseline, with Tegner at follow-up and its improvement. CONCLUSIONS Presurgical CAI patients presented deactivated dACC as a different neural activity of appraisal processes of sprain-related stimuli when compared with healthy controls, which was associated with lower postoperative sports levels. More comprehensive patients care including psychological interventions were needed in the clinical management of chronic ankle instability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao'ao Xue
- Department of Sports Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 12 Wulumuqi Middle Road, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Shengkun Li
- Department of Sports Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 12 Wulumuqi Middle Road, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Hongyun Li
- Department of Sports Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 12 Wulumuqi Middle Road, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Qianru Li
- Department of Sports Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 12 Wulumuqi Middle Road, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Yinghui Hua
- Department of Sports Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 12 Wulumuqi Middle Road, Shanghai, 200040, China.
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Tournier N, Comtat C, Lebon V, Gennisson JL. Challenges and Perspectives of the Hybridization of PET with Functional MRI or Ultrasound for Neuroimaging. Neuroscience 2021; 474:80-93. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2020.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2020] [Revised: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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29
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Wei Q, Cao S, Ji Y, Zhang J, Chen C, Wang X, Tian Y, Qiu B, Wang K. Altered Functional Connectivity Patterns of Parietal Subregions Contribute to Cognitive Dysfunction in Patients with White Matter Hyperintensities. J Alzheimers Dis 2021; 84:659-669. [PMID: 34569947 DOI: 10.3233/jad-210315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The white matter hyperintensities (WMHs) are considered as one of the core neuroimaging findings of cerebral small vessel disease and independently associated with cognitive deficit. The parietal lobe is a heterogeneous area containing many subregions and play an important role in the processes of neurocognition. OBJECTIVE To explore the relationship between parietal subregions alterations and cognitive impairments in WHMs. METHODS Resting-state functional connectivity (rs-FC) analyses of parietal subregions were performed in 104 right-handed WMHs patients divided into mild (n = 39), moderate (n = 37), and severe WMHs (n = 28) groups according to the Fazekas scale and 36 healthy controls. Parietal subregions were defined using tractographic Human Brainnetome Atlas and included five subregions for superior parietal lobe, six subregions for inferior parietal lobe (IPL), and three subregions for precuneus. All participants underwent a neuropsychological test battery to evaluate emotional and general cognitive functions. RESULTS Differences existed between the rs-FC strength of IPL_R_6_2 with the left anterior cingulate gyrus, IPL_R_6_3 with the right dorsolateral superior frontal gyrus, and the IPL_R_6_5 with the left anterior cingulate gyrus. The connectivity strength between IPL_R_6_3 and the left anterior cingulate gyrus were correlated with AVLT-immediate and AVLT-recognition test in WMHs. CONCLUSION We explored the roles of parietal subregions in WMHs using rs-FC. The functional connectivity of parietal subregions with the cortex regions showed significant differences between the patients with WMHs and healthy controls which may be associated with cognitive deficits in WMHs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Wei
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Cognition and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Hefei, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Neuropsychiatric Disorders and Mental Health, Hefei, China
| | - Shanshan Cao
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Cognition and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Hefei, China
| | - Yang Ji
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Cognition and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Hefei, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Chen Chen
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Cognition and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Hefei, China
| | - Xiaojing Wang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Cognition and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Hefei, China
| | - Yanghua Tian
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,The College of Mental Health and Psychological Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Institute of Artificial Intelligence, Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center, Hefei, China.,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Cognition and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Hefei, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Neuropsychiatric Disorders and Mental Health, Hefei, China
| | - Bensheng Qiu
- Hefei National Lab for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and the Centers for Biomedical Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Kai Wang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,The College of Mental Health and Psychological Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Institute of Artificial Intelligence, Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center, Hefei, China.,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Cognition and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Hefei, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Neuropsychiatric Disorders and Mental Health, Hefei, China
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Bodea SV, Westmeyer GG. Photoacoustic Neuroimaging - Perspectives on a Maturing Imaging Technique and its Applications in Neuroscience. Front Neurosci 2021; 15:655247. [PMID: 34220420 PMCID: PMC8253050 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.655247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A prominent goal of neuroscience is to improve our understanding of how brain structure and activity interact to produce perception, emotion, behavior, and cognition. The brain's network activity is inherently organized in distinct spatiotemporal patterns that span scales from nanometer-sized synapses to meter-long nerve fibers and millisecond intervals between electrical signals to decades of memory storage. There is currently no single imaging method that alone can provide all the relevant information, but intelligent combinations of complementary techniques can be effective. Here, we thus present the latest advances in biomedical and biological engineering on photoacoustic neuroimaging in the context of complementary imaging techniques. A particular focus is placed on recent advances in whole-brain photoacoustic imaging in rodent models and its influential role in bridging the gap between fluorescence microscopy and more non-invasive techniques such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). We consider current strategies to address persistent challenges, particularly in developing molecular contrast agents, and conclude with an overview of potential future directions for photoacoustic neuroimaging to provide deeper insights into healthy and pathological brain processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silviu-Vasile Bodea
- Department of Chemistry and School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Munich, Germany
- Institute for Synthetic Biomedicine, Helmholtz Center Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Gil Gregor Westmeyer
- Department of Chemistry and School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Munich, Germany
- Institute for Synthetic Biomedicine, Helmholtz Center Munich, Munich, Germany
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31
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Correia SS, Iyengar RR, Germano P, Tang K, Bernier SG, Schwartzkopf CD, Tobin J, Lee TWH, Liu G, Jacobson S, Carvalho A, Rennie GR, Jung J, Renhowe PA, Lonie E, Winrow CJ, Hadcock JR, Jones JE, Currie MG. The CNS-Penetrant Soluble Guanylate Cyclase Stimulator CY6463 Reveals its Therapeutic Potential in Neurodegenerative Diseases. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:656561. [PMID: 34108877 PMCID: PMC8181742 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.656561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Effective treatments for neurodegenerative diseases remain elusive and are critically needed since the burden of these diseases increases across an aging global population. Nitric oxide (NO) is a gasotransmitter that binds to soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC) to produce cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP). Impairment of this pathway has been demonstrated in neurodegenerative diseases. Normalizing deficient NO-cGMP signaling could address multiple pathophysiological features of neurodegenerative diseases. sGC stimulators are small molecules that synergize with NO, activate sGC, and increase cGMP production. Many systemic sGC stimulators have been characterized and advanced into clinical development for a variety of non-central nervous system (CNS) pathologies. Here, we disclose the discovery of CY6463, the first brain-penetrant sGC stimulator in clinical development for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases, and demonstrate its ability to improve neuronal activity, mediate neuroprotection, and increase cognitive performance in preclinical models. In several cellular assays, CY6463 was demonstrated to be a potent stimulator of sGC. In agreement with the known effects of sGC stimulation in the vasculature, CY6463 elicits decreases in blood pressure in both rats and mice. Relative to a non-CNS penetrant sGC stimulator, rodents treated with CY6463 had higher cGMP levels in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), functional-magnetic-resonance-imaging-blood-oxygen-level-dependent (fMRI-BOLD) signals, and cortical electroencephalographic (EEG) gamma-band oscillatory power. Additionally, CY6463 improved cognitive performance in a model of cognitive disruption induced by the administration of a noncompetitive N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist. In models of neurodegeneration, CY6463 treatment increased long-term potentiation (LTP) in hippocampal slices from a Huntington’s disease mouse model and decreased the loss of dendritic spines in aged and Alzheimer’s disease mouse models. In a model of diet-induced obesity, CY6463 reduced markers of inflammation in the plasma. Furthermore, CY6463 elicited an additive increase in cortical gamma-band oscillatory power when co-administered with donepezil: the standard of care in Alzheimer’s disease. Together, these data support the clinical development of CY6463 as a novel treatment for neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Peter Germano
- Cyclerion Therapeutics, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Kim Tang
- Ironwood Pharmaceuticals, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | | | | | - Jenny Tobin
- Cyclerion Therapeutics, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | | | - Guang Liu
- Cyclerion Therapeutics, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | | | | | - Glen R Rennie
- Cyclerion Therapeutics, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Joon Jung
- Cyclerion Therapeutics, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | | | | | | | | | - Juli E Jones
- Cyclerion Therapeutics, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Mark G Currie
- Cyclerion Therapeutics, Cambridge, MA, United States
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32
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Chen JJ, Gauthier CJ. The Role of Cerebrovascular-Reactivity Mapping in Functional MRI: Calibrated fMRI and Resting-State fMRI. Front Physiol 2021; 12:657362. [PMID: 33841190 PMCID: PMC8027080 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.657362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Task and resting-state functional MRI (fMRI) is primarily based on the same blood-oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD) phenomenon that MRI-based cerebrovascular reactivity (CVR) mapping has most commonly relied upon. This technique is finding an ever-increasing role in neuroscience and clinical research as well as treatment planning. The estimation of CVR has unique applications in and associations with fMRI. In particular, CVR estimation is part of a family of techniques called calibrated BOLD fMRI, the purpose of which is to allow the mapping of cerebral oxidative metabolism (CMRO2) using a combination of BOLD and cerebral-blood flow (CBF) measurements. Moreover, CVR has recently been shown to be a major source of vascular bias in computing resting-state functional connectivity, in much the same way that it is used to neutralize the vascular contribution in calibrated fMRI. Furthermore, due to the obvious challenges in estimating CVR using gas challenges, a rapidly growing field of study is the estimation of CVR without any form of challenge, including the use of resting-state fMRI for that purpose. This review addresses all of these aspects in which CVR interacts with fMRI and the role of CVR in calibrated fMRI, provides an overview of the physiological biases and assumptions underlying hypercapnia-based CVR and calibrated fMRI, and provides a view into the future of non-invasive CVR measurement.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Jean Chen
- Baycrest Centre for Geriatric Care, Rotman Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Claudine J Gauthier
- Department of Physics, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada
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33
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Atalla SW, Cowan RL, Anderson AR, Dietrich MS, Iversen L, Beth Kalvas L, Moss KO, Wright K, Monroe TB. Determining the impact of age and sex on the psychophysical and neurophysiological response to thermal pain across the adult lifespan. J Adv Nurs 2021; 77:1546-1555. [PMID: 33450111 PMCID: PMC7898385 DOI: 10.1111/jan.14514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Revised: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Determine sex- and age-associated psychophysical and neurophysiological differences in the processing of pain across the adult lifespan. DESIGN Preliminary, exploratory, cross-sectional study. METHODS Using psychophysics (to measure intensity and unpleasantness) and functional magnetic resonance imaging blood oxygenation level dependent methods (to measure stimulus-evoked brain activation), we will examine sex- and age-associated differences in thermal pain processing and their underlying neurophysiology in a broad range of healthy adults (ages 30-89). We will acquire resting state functional connectivity data for secondary analyses exploring whether resting state connectivity predicts psychophysical and neurophysiological responses to thermal pain. To examine the effects of altered blood flow, we will acquire resting-state arterial spin labeling magnetic resonance imaging data to quantify resting cerebral blood flow. We will interpret findings in the context of a proposed neural model of pain, ageing, and sex. Study funding was received in June of 2014. Ethical approval was obtained from the Vanderbilt University IRB prior to study initiation. CONCLUSION Exploring the biological reasons for age- and sex-associated differences in pain processing will increase our understanding of pain in older adults. The paucity of neurobiological evidence to support best practice pain management in older adults places these individuals at risk for poor pain management. IMPACT Poorly treated pain in older adults is a critical public health problem associated with a poor quality of life and increased healthcare costs. Understanding how age and sex have an impact on central processing of pain across the lifespan is a critical step toward improving personalized pain medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian W. Atalla
- The Ohio State University College of NursingColumbusOHUSA
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center Psychiatric Neuroimaging ProgramNashvilleTNUSA
| | - Ronald L. Cowan
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center Psychiatric Neuroimaging ProgramNashvilleTNUSA
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center Institute of Imaging ScienceNashvilleTNUSA
- Vanderbilt University Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral SciencesNashvilleTNUSA
| | - Alison R. Anderson
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center Psychiatric Neuroimaging ProgramNashvilleTNUSA
- Vanderbilt University School of NursingNashvilleTNUSA
| | | | - Larkin Iversen
- The Ohio State University College of NursingColumbusOHUSA
| | | | - Karen O. Moss
- The Ohio State University College of NursingColumbusOHUSA
| | - Kathy Wright
- The Ohio State University College of NursingColumbusOHUSA
| | - Todd B. Monroe
- The Ohio State University College of NursingColumbusOHUSA
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34
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Basso MA, Frey S, Guerriero KA, Jarraya B, Kastner S, Koyano KW, Leopold DA, Murphy K, Poirier C, Pope W, Silva AC, Tansey G, Uhrig L. Using non-invasive neuroimaging to enhance the care, well-being and experimental outcomes of laboratory non-human primates (monkeys). Neuroimage 2021; 228:117667. [PMID: 33359353 PMCID: PMC8005297 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2020.117667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the past 10-20 years, neuroscience witnessed an explosion in the use of non-invasive imaging methods, particularly magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), to study brain structure and function. Simultaneously, with access to MRI in many research institutions, MRI has become an indispensable tool for researchers and veterinarians to guide improvements in surgical procedures and implants and thus, experimental as well as clinical outcomes, given that access to MRI also allows for improved diagnosis and monitoring for brain disease. As part of the PRIMEatE Data Exchange, we gathered expert scientists, veterinarians, and clinicians who treat humans, to provide an overview of the use of non-invasive imaging tools, primarily MRI, to enhance experimental and welfare outcomes for laboratory non-human primates engaged in neuroscientific experiments. We aimed to provide guidance for other researchers, scientists and veterinarians in the use of this powerful imaging technology as well as to foster a larger conversation and community of scientists and veterinarians with a shared goal of improving the well-being and experimental outcomes for laboratory animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Basso
- Fuster Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences UCLA Los Angeles CA 90095 USA
| | - S Frey
- Rogue Research, Inc. Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - K A Guerriero
- Washington National Primate Research Center University of Washington Seattle, WA USA
| | - B Jarraya
- Cognitive Neuroimaging Unit, INSERM, CEA, NeuroSpin center, 91191 Gif/Yvette, France; Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, Foch hospital, Paris, France
| | - S Kastner
- Princeton Neuroscience Institute & Department of Psychology Princeton University Princeton, NJ USA
| | - K W Koyano
- National Institute of Mental Health NIH Bethesda MD 20892 USA
| | - D A Leopold
- National Institute of Mental Health NIH Bethesda MD 20892 USA
| | - K Murphy
- Biosciences Institute and Centre for Behaviour and Evolution, Faculty of Medical Sciences Newcastle University Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH United Kingdom UK
| | - C Poirier
- Biosciences Institute and Centre for Behaviour and Evolution, Faculty of Medical Sciences Newcastle University Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH United Kingdom UK
| | - W Pope
- Department of Radiology UCLA Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - A C Silva
- Department of Neurobiology University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh PA 15261 USA
| | - G Tansey
- National Eye Institute NIH Bethesda MD 20892 USA
| | - L Uhrig
- Cognitive Neuroimaging Unit, INSERM, CEA, NeuroSpin center, 91191 Gif/Yvette, France
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35
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Hubbard NA, Turner MP, Sitek KR, West KL, Kaczmarzyk JR, Himes L, Thomas BP, Lu H, Rypma B. Resting cerebral oxygen metabolism exhibits archetypal network features. Hum Brain Mapp 2021; 42:1952-1968. [PMID: 33544446 PMCID: PMC8046048 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.25352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Revised: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Standard magnetic resonance imaging approaches offer high‐resolution but indirect measures of neural activity, limiting understanding of the physiological processes associated with imaging findings. Here, we used calibrated functional magnetic resonance imaging during the resting state to recover low‐frequency fluctuations of the cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen (CMRO2). We tested whether functional connections derived from these fluctuations exhibited organization properties similar to those established by previous standard functional and anatomical connectivity studies. Seventeen participants underwent 20 min of resting imaging during dual‐echo, pseudocontinuous arterial spin labeling, and blood‐oxygen‐level dependent (BOLD) signal acquisition. Participants also underwent a 10 min normocapnic and hypercapnic procedure. Brain‐wide, CMRO2 low‐frequency fluctuations were subjected to graph‐based and voxel‐wise functional connectivity analyses. Results demonstrated that connections derived from resting CMRO2 fluctuations exhibited complex, small‐world topological properties (i.e., high integration and segregation, cost efficiency) consistent with those observed in previous studies using functional and anatomical connectivity approaches. Voxel‐wise CMRO2 connectivity also exhibited spatial patterns consistent with four targeted resting‐state subnetworks: two association (i.e., frontoparietal and default mode) and two perceptual (i.e., auditory and occipital‐visual). These are the first findings to support the use of calibration‐derived CMRO2 low‐frequency fluctuations for detecting brain‐wide organizational properties typical of healthy participants. We discuss interpretations, advantages, and challenges in using calibration‐derived oxygen metabolism signals for examining the intrinsic organization of the human brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas A Hubbard
- McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.,Center for Brain, Biology, and Behavior, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska, USA
| | - Monroe P Turner
- School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas, USA
| | - Kevin R Sitek
- McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.,Division of Medical Sciences, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Kathryn L West
- School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas, USA
| | - Jakub R Kaczmarzyk
- McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Lyndahl Himes
- School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas, USA
| | - Binu P Thomas
- School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas, USA.,Advanced Imaging Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Hanzhang Lu
- Department of Radiology, John's Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Bart Rypma
- School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
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36
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Fessel J. A vaccine to prevent initial loss of cognition and eventual Alzheimer's disease in elderly persons. ALZHEIMER'S & DEMENTIA (NEW YORK, N. Y.) 2021; 7:e12126. [PMID: 33598529 PMCID: PMC7864087 DOI: 10.1002/trc2.12126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2020] [Revised: 11/08/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Prevention is better than cure and prevention of Alzheimer's disease (AD) may be possible. In elderly persons who are cognitively normal, synaptic hypometabolism as shown by reduced cerebral uptake of fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG), provides a premonitory signal of potential, future loss of cognition if those individuals also have present evidence of amyloid deposition seen in the Pittsburgh compound B positron emission tomography (PIB-PET) scan for amyloid. Those are the persons who should be targeted if one aims to prevent AD. The synaptic hypometabolism implies that the brain's availability of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is inadequate for performance of all required synaptic functions. This review first describes the basis for asserting that reduced cerebral uptake of 18F-FDG accurately reflects synaptic hypometabolism; second, explains the basis for asserting that hypometabolism implies inadequate ATP; third, shows that amyloid beta (Aβ) itself, Aβ modified by pyroglutamate to become a molecule termed pE(3)Aβ, and cyclophilin-D, in concert are the main contributors to inadequate synaptic ATP and that, therefore, reducing all of their levels would neutralize their combined effect and correct the hypometabolism. pE(3)Aβ is more neurotoxic than unmodified Aβ; and cyclophilin D inhibits ATP synthase and reduces ATP formation. Finally, this review describes an mRNA self-replicating vaccine that will raise brain levels of ATP by reducing Aβ, pyroglutamate-modified Aβ, and cyclophilin-D, and thereby-in cognitively normal elderly persons who have synaptic hypometabolism-prevent initiation of the process that terminates in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey Fessel
- Department of MedicineUniversity of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoCaliforniaUSA
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37
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Harrison SJ, Bianchi S, Heinzle J, Stephan KE, Iglesias S, Kasper L. A Hilbert-based method for processing respiratory timeseries. Neuroimage 2021; 230:117787. [PMID: 33516897 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2021.117787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 01/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
In this technical note, we introduce a new method for estimating changes in respiratory volume per unit time (RVT) from respiratory bellows recordings. By using techniques from the electrophysiological literature, in particular the Hilbert transform, we show how we can better characterise breathing rhythms, with the goal of improving physiological noise correction in functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Specifically, our approach leads to a representation with higher time resolution and better captures atypical breathing events than current peak-based RVT estimators. Finally, we demonstrate that this leads to an increase in the amount of respiration-related variance removed from fMRI data when used as part of a typical preprocessing pipeline. Our implementation is publicly available as part of the PhysIO package, which is distributed as part of the open-source TAPAS toolbox (https://translationalneuromodeling.org/tapas).
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel J Harrison
- Translational Neuromodeling Unit, University of Zurich & ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; FMRIB, Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
| | - Samuel Bianchi
- Translational Neuromodeling Unit, University of Zurich & ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Institute for Biomedical Engineering, ETH Zurich & University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jakob Heinzle
- Translational Neuromodeling Unit, University of Zurich & ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Klaas Enno Stephan
- Translational Neuromodeling Unit, University of Zurich & ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Max Planck Institute for Metabolism Research, Cologne, Germany; Techna Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Sandra Iglesias
- Translational Neuromodeling Unit, University of Zurich & ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Lars Kasper
- Translational Neuromodeling Unit, University of Zurich & ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Institute for Biomedical Engineering, ETH Zurich & University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Techna Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
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38
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Tsvetanov KA, Henson RNA, Rowe JB. Separating vascular and neuronal effects of age on fMRI BOLD signals. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2021; 376:20190631. [PMID: 33190597 PMCID: PMC7741031 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2019.0631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Accurate identification of brain function is necessary to understand the neurobiology of cognitive ageing, and thereby promote well-being across the lifespan. A common tool used to investigate neurocognitive ageing is functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). However, although fMRI data are often interpreted in terms of neuronal activity, the blood oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD) signal measured by fMRI includes contributions of both vascular and neuronal factors, which change differentially with age. While some studies investigate vascular ageing factors, the results of these studies are not well known within the field of neurocognitive ageing and therefore vascular confounds in neurocognitive fMRI studies are common. Despite over 10 000 BOLD-fMRI papers on ageing, fewer than 20 have applied techniques to correct for vascular effects. However, neurovascular ageing is not only a confound in fMRI, but an important feature in its own right, to be assessed alongside measures of neuronal ageing. We review current approaches to dissociate neuronal and vascular components of BOLD-fMRI of regional activity and functional connectivity. We highlight emerging evidence that vascular mechanisms in the brain do not simply control blood flow to support the metabolic needs of neurons, but form complex neurovascular interactions that influence neuronal function in health and disease. This article is part of the theme issue 'Key relationships between non-invasive functional neuroimaging and the underlying neuronal activity'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamen A. Tsvetanov
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0SZ, UK
- Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EB, UK
| | - Richard N. A. Henson
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0SP, UK
- Medical Research Council Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 7EF, UK
| | - James B. Rowe
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0SZ, UK
- Medical Research Council Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 7EF, UK
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39
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Eisenstein T, Yogev-Seligmann G, Ash E, Giladi N, Sharon H, Shapira-Lichter I, Nachman S, Hendler T, Lerner Y. Maximal aerobic capacity is associated with hippocampal cognitive reserve in older adults with amnestic mild cognitive impairment. Hippocampus 2020; 31:305-320. [PMID: 33314497 DOI: 10.1002/hipo.23290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Revised: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Maximal aerobic capacity (MAC) has been associated with preserved neural tissue or brain maintenance (BM) in healthy older adults, including the hippocampus. Amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) is considered a prodromal stage of Alzheimer's disease. While aMCI is characterized by hippocampal deterioration, the MAC-hippocampal relationship in these patients is not well understood. In contrast to healthy individuals, neurocognitive protective effects in neurodegenerative populations have been associated with mechanisms of cognitive reserve (CR) altering the neuropathology-cognition relationship. We investigated the MAC-hippocampal relationship in aMCI (n = 29) from the perspectives of BM and CR mechanistic models with structural MRI and a memory fMRI paradigm using both group-level (higher-fit patients vs. lower-fit patients) and individual level (continuous correlation) approaches. While MAC was associated with smaller hippocampal volume, contradicting the BM model, higher-fit patients demonstrated statistically significant lower correlation between hippocampal volume and memory performance compared with the lower-fit patients, supporting the model of CR. In addition, while there was no difference in brain activity between the groups during low cognitive demand (encoding of familiar stimuli), higher MAC level was associated with increased cortical and sub-cortical activation during increased cognitive demand (encoding of novel stimuli) and also with bilateral hippocampal activity even when controlling for hippocampal volume, suggesting for an independent effect of MAC. Our results suggest that MAC may be associated with hippocampal-related cognitive reserve in aMCI through altering the relationship between hippocampal-related structural deterioration and cognitive function. In addition, MAC was found to be associated with increased capacity to recruit neural resources during increased cognitive demands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamir Eisenstein
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Sagol Brain Institute, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Galit Yogev-Seligmann
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Sagol Brain Institute, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Elissa Ash
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Department of Neurology, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Nir Giladi
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Department of Neurology, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Haggai Sharon
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Sagol Brain Institute, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Pain Management & Neuromodulation Centre, Guy's & St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.,Institute of Pain Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Irit Shapira-Lichter
- Functional MRI Center, Beilinson Hospital, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel
| | - Shikma Nachman
- Sagol Brain Institute, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Talma Hendler
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Sagol Brain Institute, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.,School of Psychological Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Yulia Lerner
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Sagol Brain Institute, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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Sevel L, Stennett B, Schneider V, Bush N, Nixon SJ, Robinson M, Boissoneault J. Acute Alcohol Intake Produces Widespread Decreases in Cortical Resting Signal Variability in Healthy Social Drinkers. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2020; 44:1410-1419. [PMID: 32472620 PMCID: PMC7572592 DOI: 10.1111/acer.14381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Revised: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute alcohol intoxication has wide-ranging neurobehavioral effects on psychomotor, attentional, inhibitory, and memory-related cognitive processes. These effects are mirrored in disruption of neural metabolism, functional activation, and functional network coherence. Metrics of intraregional neural dynamics such as regional signal variability (RSV) and brain entropy (BEN) may capture unique aspects of neural functional capacity in healthy and clinical populations; however, alcohol's influence on these metrics is unclear. The present study aimed to elucidate the influence of acute alcohol intoxication on RSV and to clarify these effects with subsequent BEN analyses. METHODS 26 healthy adults between 25 and 45 years of age (65.4% women) participated in 2 counterbalanced sessions. In one, participants consumed a beverage containing alcohol sufficient to produce a breath alcohol concentration of 0.08 g/dl. In the other, they consumed a placebo beverage. Approximately 35 minutes after beverage consumption, participants completed a 9-minute resting-state fMRI scan. Whole-brain, voxel-wise standard deviation was used to assess RSV, which was compared between sessions. Within clusters displaying alterations in RSV, sample entropy was calculated to assess BEN. RESULTS Compared to the placebo, alcohol intake resulted in widespread reductions in RSV in the bilateral middle frontal, right inferior frontal, right superior frontal, bilateral posterior cingulate, bilateral middle temporal, right supramarginal gyri, and bilateral inferior parietal lobule. Within these clusters, significant reductions in BEN were found in the bilateral middle frontal and right superior frontal gyri. No effects were noted in subcortical or cerebellar areas. CONCLUSIONS Findings indicate that alcohol intake produces diffuse reductions in RSV among structures associated with attentional processes. Within these structures, signal complexity was also reduced in a subset of frontal regions. Neurobehavioral effects of acute alcohol consumption may be partially driven by disruption of intraregional neural dynamics among regions involved in higher-order cognitive and attentional processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Landrew Sevel
- Osher Center for Integrative Medicine at Vanderbilt, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Bethany Stennett
- Center for Pain Research and Behavioral Health, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Victor Schneider
- Center for Pain Research and Behavioral Health, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Nicholas Bush
- Center for Pain Research and Behavioral Health, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Sara Jo Nixon
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Michael Robinson
- Center for Pain Research and Behavioral Health, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Jeff Boissoneault
- Center for Pain Research and Behavioral Health, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
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Leote J, Loução R, Viegas C, Lauterbach M, Perez-Hick A, Monteiro J, Nunes RG, Ferreira HA. Impact of Navigated Task-specific fMRI on Direct Cortical Stimulation. J Neurol Surg A Cent Eur Neurosurg 2020; 81:555-564. [PMID: 32610351 DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1712496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND STUDY AIMS Cortical mapping (CM) with direct cortical stimulation (DCS) in awake craniotomy is used to preserve cognitive functions such as language. Nevertheless, patient collaboration during this procedure is influenced by previous neurological symptoms and growing discomfort with DCS duration. Our study aimed to evaluate the impact of navigated task-specific functional magnetic resonance imaging (nfMRI) on the practical aspects of DCS. MATERIAL AND METHODS We recruited glioma patients scheduled for awake craniotomy for prior fMRI-based CM, acquired during motor and language tasks (i.e., verb generation, semantic and syntactic decision tasks). Language data was combined to generate a probabilistic map indicating brain regions activated with more than one paradigm. Presurgical neurophysiological language tests (i.e., verb generation, picture naming, and semantic tasks) were also performed. We considered for subsequent study only the patients with a minimum rate of correct responses of 50% in all tests. These patients were then randomized to perform intraoperative language CM either using the multimodal approach (mCM), using nfMRI and DCS combined, or electrical CM (eCM), with DCS alone. DCS was done while the patient performed picture naming and nonverbal semantic decision tasks. Methodological features such as DCS duration, number of stimuli, total delivered stimulus duration per task, and frequency of seizures were analyzed and compared between groups. The correspondence between positive responses obtained with DCS and nfMRI was also evaluated. RESULTS Twenty-one surgeries were included, thirteen of which using mCM (i.e., test group). Patients with lower presurgical neuropsychological performance (correct response rate between 50 and 80% in language tests) showed a decreased DCS duration in comparison with the control group. None of the compared methodological features showed differences between groups. Correspondence between DCS and nfMRI was 100/84% in the identification of the precentral gyrus for motor function/opercular frontal inferior gyrus for language function, respectively. CONCLUSION Navigated fMRI data did not influence DCS in practice. Presurgical language disturbances limited the applicability of DCS mapping in awake surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joao Leote
- Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Instituto de Biofísica e Engenharia Biomédica, Lisboa, Portugal.,Department of Neurosurgery and Critical Care, Hospital Garcia de Orta EPE, Almada, Portugal
| | - Ricardo Loução
- Institute of Neurosciences and Medicine, INM 4, Julich, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Germany
| | - Catarina Viegas
- Department of Neurosurgery and Critical Care, Hospital Garcia de Orta EPE, Almada, Portugal
| | - Martin Lauterbach
- Department of Neuroradiology, Sociedade Portuguesa de Ressonância Magnética, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - António Perez-Hick
- Department of Neurosurgery and Critical Care, Hospital Garcia de Orta EPE, Almada, Portugal
| | - Joana Monteiro
- Department of Neurosurgery and Critical Care, Hospital Garcia de Orta EPE, Almada, Portugal
| | - Rita G Nunes
- Department of Bioengineering and Institute for Systems and Robotics (ISR/IST), LARSyS, Universidade de Lisboa Instituto Superior Técnico Campus Alameda, Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Hugo A Ferreira
- Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Instituto de Biofísica e Engenharia Biomédica, Lisboa, Portugal
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42
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Morys F, Janssen LK, Cesnaite E, Beyer F, Garcia-Garcia I, Kube J, Kumral D, Liem F, Mehl N, Mahjoory K, Schrimpf A, Gaebler M, Margulies D, Villringer A, Neumann J, Nikulin VV, Horstmann A. Hemispheric asymmetries in resting-state EEG and fMRI are related to approach and avoidance behaviour, but not to eating behaviour or BMI. Hum Brain Mapp 2019; 41:1136-1152. [PMID: 31750607 PMCID: PMC7267939 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.24864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Revised: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Much of our behaviour is driven by two motivational dimensions—approach and avoidance. These have been related to frontal hemispheric asymmetries in clinical and resting‐state EEG studies: Approach was linked to higher activity of the left relative to the right hemisphere, while avoidance was related to the opposite pattern. Increased approach behaviour, specifically towards unhealthy foods, is also observed in obesity and has been linked to asymmetry in the framework of the right‐brain hypothesis of obesity. Here, we aimed to replicate previous EEG findings of hemispheric asymmetries for self‐reported approach/avoidance behaviour and to relate them to eating behaviour. Further, we assessed whether resting fMRI hemispheric asymmetries can be detected and whether they are related to approach/avoidance, eating behaviour and BMI. We analysed three samples: Sample 1 (n = 117) containing EEG and fMRI data from lean participants, and Samples 2 (n = 89) and 3 (n = 152) containing fMRI data from lean, overweight and obese participants. In Sample 1, approach behaviour in women was related to EEG, but not to fMRI hemispheric asymmetries. In Sample 2, approach/avoidance behaviours were related to fMRI hemispheric asymmetries. Finally, hemispheric asymmetries were not related to either BMI or eating behaviour in any of the samples. Our study partly replicates previous EEG findings regarding hemispheric asymmetries and indicates that this relationship could also be captured using fMRI. Our findings suggest that eating behaviour and obesity are likely to be mediated by mechanisms not directly relating to frontal asymmetries in neuronal activation quantified with EEG and fMRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filip Morys
- Leipzig University Medical Centre, IFB Adiposity Diseases, Leipzig, Germany.,Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany.,Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Lieneke K Janssen
- Leipzig University Medical Centre, IFB Adiposity Diseases, Leipzig, Germany.,Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Elena Cesnaite
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Frauke Beyer
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany.,Subproject A1/A5, CRC1052 "Obesity Mechanisms", University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | | | - Jana Kube
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany.,Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-Senftenberg, Cottbus, Germany
| | - Deniz Kumral
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany.,MindBrainBody Institute at the Berlin School of Mind and Brain, Humboldt-Universitaet zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Franziskus Liem
- University Research Priority Program "Dynamics of Healthy Aging", University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Max Planck Research Group for Neuroanatomy & Connectivity, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Nora Mehl
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany.,Faculty of Psychology, Technical University Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Keyvan Mahjoory
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany.,University of Muenster, Institute for Biomagnetism and Biosignal Analysis, Muenster, Germany
| | - Anne Schrimpf
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Michael Gaebler
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany.,MindBrainBody Institute at the Berlin School of Mind and Brain, Humboldt-Universitaet zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Daniel Margulies
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany.,Max Planck Research Group for Neuroanatomy & Connectivity, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany.,Brain and Spine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Arno Villringer
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany.,MindBrainBody Institute at the Berlin School of Mind and Brain, Humboldt-Universitaet zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jane Neumann
- Leipzig University Medical Centre, IFB Adiposity Diseases, Leipzig, Germany.,Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany.,Ernst-Abbe-Hochschule - University of Applied Sciences, Jena, Germany
| | - Vadim V Nikulin
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany.,Centre for Cognition and Decision Making, Institute for Cognitive Neuroscience, National Research University Higher School of Economics, Moscow, Russia.,Department of Neurology, Charité - Medical University Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Annette Horstmann
- Leipzig University Medical Centre, IFB Adiposity Diseases, Leipzig, Germany.,Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany.,Subproject A1/A5, CRC1052 "Obesity Mechanisms", University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.,Department of Psychology and Logopedics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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The association between BOLD-based cerebrovascular reactivity (CVR) and end-tidal CO 2 in healthy subjects. Neuroimage 2019; 207:116365. [PMID: 31734432 PMCID: PMC8080082 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2019.116365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Revised: 10/25/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Cerebrovascular reactivity (CVR) mapping using CO2-inhalation can provide important insight into vascular health. At present, blood-oxygenation-level-dependent (BOLD) MRI acquisition is the most commonly used CVR method due to its high sensitivity, high spatial resolution, and relatively straightforward processing. However, large variations in CVR across subjects and across different sessions of the same subject are often observed, which can cloud the ability of this promising measure in detecting diseases or monitoring treatment responses. The present work aims to identify the physiological components underlying the observed variability in CVR data. When studying the association between CVR value and the subject’s CO2 levels in a total of N = 253 healthy participants, we found that CVR was lower in individuals with a higher basal end-tidal CO2, EtCO2 (slope = −0.0036 ± 0.0008%/mmHg2, p < 0.001), or with a greater EtCO2 change (ΔEtCO2) with hypercapnic condition (slope = −0.0072 ± 0.0018%/mmHg2, p < 0.001). In a within-subject setting, when studying the CVR difference between two repeated scans (with repositioning) in relation to the corresponding differences in basal EtCO2 and ΔEtCO2 (n = 11), it was found that CVR values were lower if the basal EtCO2 or ΔEtCO2 during that particular scan session was greater. The present work suggests that basal physiological state and the level of hypercapnic stimulus intensity should be considered in application studies of CVR in order to reduce inter-subject and intra-subject variations in the data. Potential approaches to use these findings to reduce noise and augment sensitivity are proposed.
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44
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Mullier E, Roine T, Griffa A, Xin L, Baumann PS, Klauser P, Cleusix M, Jenni R, Alemàn-Gómez Y, Gruetter R, Conus P, Do KQ, Hagmann P. N-Acetyl-Cysteine Supplementation Improves Functional Connectivity Within the Cingulate Cortex in Early Psychosis: A Pilot Study. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol 2019; 22:478-487. [PMID: 31283822 PMCID: PMC6672595 DOI: 10.1093/ijnp/pyz022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Revised: 04/10/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is increasing evidence that redox dysregulation, which can lead to oxidative stress and eventually to impairment of oligodendrocytes and parvalbumin interneurons, may underlie brain connectivity alterations in schizophrenia. Accordingly, we previously reported that levels of brain antioxidant glutathione in the medial prefrontal cortex were positively correlated with increased functional connectivity along the cingulum bundle in healthy controls but not in early psychosis patients. In a recent randomized controlled trial, we observed that 6-month supplementation with a glutathione precursor, N-acetyl-cysteine, increased brain glutathione levels and improved symptomatic expression and processing speed. METHODS We investigated the effect of N-acetyl-cysteine supplementation on the functional connectivity between regions of the cingulate cortex, which have been linked to positive symptoms and processing speed decline. In this pilot study, we compared structural connectivity and resting-state functional connectivity between early psychosis patients treated with 6-month N-acetyl-cysteine (n = 9) or placebo (n = 11) supplementation with sex- and age-matched healthy control subjects (n = 74). RESULTS We observed that 6-month N-acetyl-cysteine supplementation increases functional connectivity along the cingulum and more precisely between the caudal anterior part and the isthmus of the cingulate cortex. These functional changes can be partially explained by an increase of centrality of these regions in the functional brain network. CONCLUSIONS N-acetyl-cysteine supplementation has a positive effect on functional connectivity within the cingulate cortex in early psychosis patients. To our knowledge, this is the first study suggesting that increased brain glutathione levels via N-acetyl-cysteine supplementation may improve brain functional connectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emeline Mullier
- Department of Radiology, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland,Correspondence: Emeline Mullier, Centre de recherche en Radiologie RC7, CHUV, Rue du Bugnon 46, 1011 Lausanne, Suisse ()
| | - Timo Roine
- Department of Radiology, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland,Turku Brain and Mind Center, University of Turku, Turku, Finland,Center for Psychiatric Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Alessandra Griffa
- Department of Radiology, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland,Dutch Connectome Lab, Department of Complex Trait Genetics, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research (CNCR), VU Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Lijing Xin
- Center for Psychiatric Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Philipp S Baumann
- Center for Psychiatric Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Paul Klauser
- Center for Psychiatric Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Martine Cleusix
- Center for Psychiatric Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Raoul Jenni
- Center for Psychiatric Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Yasser Alemàn-Gómez
- Department of Radiology, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland,Center for Psychiatric Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland,Medical Image Analysis Laboratory (MIAL), Centre d’Imagerie BioMédicale (CIBM), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Rolf Gruetter
- Laboratory of Functional and Metabolic Imaging, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Philippe Conus
- Treatment and Early Intervention in Psychosis Program (TIPP), Service of General Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Kim Q Do
- Center for Psychiatric Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland,Treatment and Early Intervention in Psychosis Program (TIPP), Service of General Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Patric Hagmann
- Department of Radiology, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
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Sala A, Perani D. Brain Molecular Connectivity in Neurodegenerative Diseases: Recent Advances and New Perspectives Using Positron Emission Tomography. Front Neurosci 2019; 13:617. [PMID: 31258466 PMCID: PMC6587303 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2019.00617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Positron emission tomography (PET) represents a unique molecular tool to get in vivo access to a wide spectrum of biological and neuropathological processes, of crucial relevance for neurodegenerative conditions. Although most PET findings are based on massive univariate approaches, in the last decade the increasing interest in multivariate methods has paved the way to the assessment of unexplored cerebral features, spanning from resting state brain networks to whole-brain connectome properties. Currently, the combination of molecular neuroimaging techniques with multivariate connectivity methods represents one of the most powerful, yet still emerging, approach to achieve novel insights into the pathophysiology of neurodegenerative diseases. In this review, we will summarize the available evidence in the field of PET molecular connectivity, with the aim to provide an overview of how these studies may increase the understanding of the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases, over and above "traditional" structural/functional connectivity studies. Considering the available evidence, a major focus will be represented by molecular connectivity studies using [18F]FDG-PET, today applied in the major neuropathological spectra, from amyloidopathies and tauopathies to synucleinopathies and beyond. Pioneering studies using PET tracers targeting brain neuropathology and neurotransmission systems for connectivity studies will be discussed, their strengths and limitations highlighted with reference to both applied methodology and results interpretation. The most common methods for molecular connectivity assessment will be reviewed, with particular emphasis on the available strategies to investigate molecular connectivity at the single-subject level, of potential relevance for not only research but also diagnostic purposes. Finally, we will highlight possible future perspectives in the field, with reference in particular to newly available PET tracers, which will expand the application of molecular connectivity to new, exciting, unforeseen possibilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arianna Sala
- Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy.,Division of Neuroscience, Faculty of Psychology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute (IRCCS), Milan, Italy
| | - Daniela Perani
- Division of Neuroscience, Faculty of Psychology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute (IRCCS), Milan, Italy.,Faculty of Psychology, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy.,Nuclear Medicine Unit, Faculty of Psychology, San Raffaele Hospital (IRCCS), Milan, Italy
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46
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Thiel S, Lettau F, Rejmer P, Rossi C, Haile S, Schwarz EI, Stöberl AS, Sievi NA, Boss A, Becker AS, Winklhofer S, Stradling JR, Kohler M. Effects of short-term continuous positive airway pressure withdrawal on cerebral vascular reactivity measured by blood oxygen level-dependent magnetic resonance imaging in obstructive sleep apnoea: a randomised controlled trial. Eur Respir J 2019; 53:13993003.01854-2018. [DOI: 10.1183/13993003.01854-2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2018] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Impaired cerebral vascular reactivity (CVR) increases long-term stroke risk. Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is associated with peripheral vascular dysfunction and vascular events. The aim of this trial was to evaluate the effect of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) withdrawal on CVR.41 OSA patients (88% male, mean age 57±10 years) were randomised to either subtherapeutic or continuation of therapeutic CPAP. At baseline and after 2 weeks, patients underwent a sleep study and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). CVR was estimated by quantifying the blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) MRI response to breathing stimuli.OSA did recur in the subtherapeutic CPAP group (mean treatment effect apnoea–hypopnoea index +38.0 events·h−1, 95% CI 24.2–52.0; p<0.001) but remained controlled in the therapeutic group. Although there was a significant increase in blood pressure upon CPAP withdrawal (mean treatment effect +9.37 mmHg, 95% CI 1.36–17.39; p=0.023), there was no significant effect of CPAP withdrawal on CVR assessedviaBOLD MRI under either hyperoxic or hypercapnic conditions.Short-term CPAP withdrawal did not result in statistically significant changes in CVR as assessed by functional MRI, despite the recurrence of OSA. We thus conclude that, unlike peripheral endothelial function, CVR is not affected by short-term CPAP withdrawal.
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