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van der Pluijm M, Wengler K, Reijers PN, Cassidy CM, Tjong Tjin Joe K, de Peuter OR, Horga G, Booij J, de Haan L, van de Giessen E. Neuromelanin-Sensitive MRI as Candidate Marker for Treatment Resistance in First-Episode Schizophrenia. Am J Psychiatry 2024; 181:512-519. [PMID: 38476044 PMCID: PMC11227872 DOI: 10.1176/appi.ajp.20220780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Markers for treatment resistance in schizophrenia are needed to reduce delays in effective treatment. Nigrostriatal hyperdopaminergic function plays a critical role in the pathology of schizophrenia, yet antipsychotic nonresponders do not show increased dopamine function. Neuromelanin-sensitive MRI (NM-MRI), which indirectly measures dopamine function in the substantia nigra, has potential as a noninvasive marker for nonresponders. Increased NM-MRI signal has been shown in psychosis, but has not yet been assessed in nonresponders. In this study, the authors investigated whether nonresponders show lower NM-MRI signal than responders. METHODS NM-MRI scans were acquired in 79 patients with first-episode psychosis and 20 matched healthy control subjects. Treatment response was assessed at a 6-month follow-up. An a priori voxel-wise analysis within the substantia nigra tested the relation between NM-MRI signal and treatment response in patients. RESULTS Fifteen patients were classified as nonresponders and 47 patients as responders. Seventeen patients were excluded, primarily because of medication nonadherence or change in diagnosis. Voxel-wise analysis revealed 297 significant voxels in the ventral tier of the substantia nigra that were negatively associated with treatment response. Nonresponders and healthy control subjects had significantly lower NM-MRI signal than responders. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed that NM-MRI signal separated nonresponders with areas under the curve between 0.62 and 0.85. In addition, NM-MRI signal in patients did not change over 6 months. CONCLUSIONS These findings provide further evidence for dopaminergic differences between medication responders and nonresponders and support the potential of NM-MRI as a clinically applicable marker for treatment resistance in schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marieke van der Pluijm
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (van der Pluijm, Reijers, Tjong Tjin Joe, Booij, van de Giessen) and Department of Psychiatry (van der Pluijm, de Haan), Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam; Department of Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute, Columbia University Medical Center, New York (Wengler, Horga); Royal's Institute of Mental Health Research, University of Ottawa, Ottawa (Cassidy); Arkin Mental Health Care, Amsterdam (de Peuter)
| | - Kenneth Wengler
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (van der Pluijm, Reijers, Tjong Tjin Joe, Booij, van de Giessen) and Department of Psychiatry (van der Pluijm, de Haan), Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam; Department of Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute, Columbia University Medical Center, New York (Wengler, Horga); Royal's Institute of Mental Health Research, University of Ottawa, Ottawa (Cassidy); Arkin Mental Health Care, Amsterdam (de Peuter)
| | - Pascalle N Reijers
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (van der Pluijm, Reijers, Tjong Tjin Joe, Booij, van de Giessen) and Department of Psychiatry (van der Pluijm, de Haan), Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam; Department of Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute, Columbia University Medical Center, New York (Wengler, Horga); Royal's Institute of Mental Health Research, University of Ottawa, Ottawa (Cassidy); Arkin Mental Health Care, Amsterdam (de Peuter)
| | - Clifford M Cassidy
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (van der Pluijm, Reijers, Tjong Tjin Joe, Booij, van de Giessen) and Department of Psychiatry (van der Pluijm, de Haan), Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam; Department of Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute, Columbia University Medical Center, New York (Wengler, Horga); Royal's Institute of Mental Health Research, University of Ottawa, Ottawa (Cassidy); Arkin Mental Health Care, Amsterdam (de Peuter)
| | - Kaithlyn Tjong Tjin Joe
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (van der Pluijm, Reijers, Tjong Tjin Joe, Booij, van de Giessen) and Department of Psychiatry (van der Pluijm, de Haan), Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam; Department of Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute, Columbia University Medical Center, New York (Wengler, Horga); Royal's Institute of Mental Health Research, University of Ottawa, Ottawa (Cassidy); Arkin Mental Health Care, Amsterdam (de Peuter)
| | - Olav R de Peuter
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (van der Pluijm, Reijers, Tjong Tjin Joe, Booij, van de Giessen) and Department of Psychiatry (van der Pluijm, de Haan), Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam; Department of Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute, Columbia University Medical Center, New York (Wengler, Horga); Royal's Institute of Mental Health Research, University of Ottawa, Ottawa (Cassidy); Arkin Mental Health Care, Amsterdam (de Peuter)
| | - Guillermo Horga
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (van der Pluijm, Reijers, Tjong Tjin Joe, Booij, van de Giessen) and Department of Psychiatry (van der Pluijm, de Haan), Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam; Department of Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute, Columbia University Medical Center, New York (Wengler, Horga); Royal's Institute of Mental Health Research, University of Ottawa, Ottawa (Cassidy); Arkin Mental Health Care, Amsterdam (de Peuter)
| | - Jan Booij
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (van der Pluijm, Reijers, Tjong Tjin Joe, Booij, van de Giessen) and Department of Psychiatry (van der Pluijm, de Haan), Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam; Department of Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute, Columbia University Medical Center, New York (Wengler, Horga); Royal's Institute of Mental Health Research, University of Ottawa, Ottawa (Cassidy); Arkin Mental Health Care, Amsterdam (de Peuter)
| | - Lieuwe de Haan
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (van der Pluijm, Reijers, Tjong Tjin Joe, Booij, van de Giessen) and Department of Psychiatry (van der Pluijm, de Haan), Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam; Department of Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute, Columbia University Medical Center, New York (Wengler, Horga); Royal's Institute of Mental Health Research, University of Ottawa, Ottawa (Cassidy); Arkin Mental Health Care, Amsterdam (de Peuter)
| | - Elsmarieke van de Giessen
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (van der Pluijm, Reijers, Tjong Tjin Joe, Booij, van de Giessen) and Department of Psychiatry (van der Pluijm, de Haan), Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam; Department of Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute, Columbia University Medical Center, New York (Wengler, Horga); Royal's Institute of Mental Health Research, University of Ottawa, Ottawa (Cassidy); Arkin Mental Health Care, Amsterdam (de Peuter)
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2
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Vano LJ, Veronese M, McCutcheon RA, Howes OD. Neuromelanin-Sensitive MRI: A Biomarker for Treatment-Resistant Schizophrenia? Am J Psychiatry 2024; 181:468-470. [PMID: 38822586 DOI: 10.1176/appi.ajp.20240278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Luke J Vano
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College London (Vano, McCutcheon, Howes); Psychiatric Imaging Group, MRC Laboratory of Medical Sciences, Hammersmith Hospital, London (Vano, Howes); Institute of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London (Vano, Howes); South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London (Vano, Howes); Department of Neuroimaging, King's College London (Veronese); Department of Information Engineering, University of Padua, Padua, Italy (Veronese); Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, U.K. (McCutcheon); Oxford Health NHS Foundation Trust, Warneford Hospital, Oxford, U.K. (McCutcheon)
| | - Mattia Veronese
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College London (Vano, McCutcheon, Howes); Psychiatric Imaging Group, MRC Laboratory of Medical Sciences, Hammersmith Hospital, London (Vano, Howes); Institute of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London (Vano, Howes); South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London (Vano, Howes); Department of Neuroimaging, King's College London (Veronese); Department of Information Engineering, University of Padua, Padua, Italy (Veronese); Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, U.K. (McCutcheon); Oxford Health NHS Foundation Trust, Warneford Hospital, Oxford, U.K. (McCutcheon)
| | - Robert A McCutcheon
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College London (Vano, McCutcheon, Howes); Psychiatric Imaging Group, MRC Laboratory of Medical Sciences, Hammersmith Hospital, London (Vano, Howes); Institute of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London (Vano, Howes); South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London (Vano, Howes); Department of Neuroimaging, King's College London (Veronese); Department of Information Engineering, University of Padua, Padua, Italy (Veronese); Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, U.K. (McCutcheon); Oxford Health NHS Foundation Trust, Warneford Hospital, Oxford, U.K. (McCutcheon)
| | - Oliver D Howes
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College London (Vano, McCutcheon, Howes); Psychiatric Imaging Group, MRC Laboratory of Medical Sciences, Hammersmith Hospital, London (Vano, Howes); Institute of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London (Vano, Howes); South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London (Vano, Howes); Department of Neuroimaging, King's College London (Veronese); Department of Information Engineering, University of Padua, Padua, Italy (Veronese); Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, U.K. (McCutcheon); Oxford Health NHS Foundation Trust, Warneford Hospital, Oxford, U.K. (McCutcheon)
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3
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Yan Y, Zhang M, Ren W, Zheng X, Chang Y. Neuromelanin-sensitive magnetic resonance imaging: Possibilities and promises as an imaging biomarker for Parkinson's disease. Eur J Neurosci 2024; 59:2616-2627. [PMID: 38441250 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.16296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Revised: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is an age-related progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by both motor and non-motor symptoms resulting from the death of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) and noradrenergic neurons in the locus coeruleus (LC). The current diagnosis of PD primarily relies on motor symptoms, often leading to diagnoses in advanced stages, where a significant portion of SNpc dopamine neurons has already succumbed. Therefore, the identification of imaging biomarkers for early-stage PD diagnosis and disease progression monitoring is imperative. Recent studies propose that neuromelanin-sensitive magnetic resonance imaging (NM-MRI) holds promise as an imaging biomarker. In this review, we summarize the latest findings concerning NM-MRI characteristics at various stages in patients with PD and those with atypical parkinsonism. In conclusion, alterations in neuromelanin within the LC are associated with non-motor symptoms and prove to be a reliable imaging biomarker in the prodromal phase of PD. Furthermore, NM-MRI demonstrates efficacy in differentiating progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) from PD and multiple system atrophy with predominant parkinsonism. The spatial patterns of changes in the SNpc can be indicative of PD progression and aid in distinguishing between PSP and synucleinopathies. We recommend that patients with PD and individuals at risk for PD undergo regular NM-MRI examinations. This technology holds the potential for widespread use in PD diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yayun Yan
- Department of Neurology, China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Mengchao Zhang
- Department of Radiology, China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Wenhua Ren
- Department of Neurology, China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiaoqi Zheng
- Department of Neurology, China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Ying Chang
- Department of Neurology, China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China
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4
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van der Horn HJ, Vakhtin AA, Julio K, Nitschke S, Shaff N, Dodd AB, Erhardt E, Phillips JP, Pirio Richardson S, Deligtisch A, Stewart M, Suarez Cedeno G, Meles SK, Mayer AR, Ryman SG. Parkinson's disease cerebrovascular reactivity pattern: A feasibility study. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2024:271678X241241895. [PMID: 38578669 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x241241895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
A mounting body of research points to cerebrovascular dysfunction as a fundamental element in the pathophysiology of Parkinson's disease (PD). In the current feasibility study, blood-oxygen-level-dependent (BOLD) MRI was used to measure cerebrovascular reactivity (CVR) in response to hypercapnia in 26 PD patients and 16 healthy controls (HC), and aimed to find a multivariate pattern specific to PD. Whole-brain maps of CVR amplitude (i.e., magnitude of response to CO2) and latency (i.e., time to reach maximum amplitude) were computed, which were further analyzed using scaled sub-profile model principal component analysis (SSM-PCA) with leave-one-out cross-validation. A meaningful pattern based on CVR latency was identified, which was named the PD CVR pattern (PD-CVRP). This pattern was characterized by relatively increased latency in basal ganglia, sensorimotor cortex, supplementary motor area, thalamus and visual cortex, as well as decreased latency in the cerebral white matter, relative to HC. There were no significant associations with clinical measures, though sample size may have limited our ability to detect significant associations. In summary, the PD-CVRP highlights the importance of cerebrovascular dysfunction in PD, and may be a potential biomarker for future clinical research and practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harm Jan van der Horn
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, The Mind Research Network, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Andrei A Vakhtin
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, The Mind Research Network, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Kayla Julio
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, The Mind Research Network, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Stephanie Nitschke
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, The Mind Research Network, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Nicholas Shaff
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, The Mind Research Network, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Andrew B Dodd
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, The Mind Research Network, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Erik Erhardt
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - John P Phillips
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, The Mind Research Network, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Sarah Pirio Richardson
- Nene and Jamie Koch Comprehensive Movement Disorder Center, Department of Neurology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA
- New Mexico VA Health Care System, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Amanda Deligtisch
- Nene and Jamie Koch Comprehensive Movement Disorder Center, Department of Neurology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Melanie Stewart
- Nene and Jamie Koch Comprehensive Movement Disorder Center, Department of Neurology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Gerson Suarez Cedeno
- Nene and Jamie Koch Comprehensive Movement Disorder Center, Department of Neurology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Sanne K Meles
- Department of Neurology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Andrew R Mayer
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, The Mind Research Network, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Sephira G Ryman
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, The Mind Research Network, Albuquerque, NM, USA
- Nene and Jamie Koch Comprehensive Movement Disorder Center, Department of Neurology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA
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5
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Lv Q, Wang X, Lin P, Wang X. Neuromelanin-sensitive magnetic resonance imaging in the study of mental disorder: A systematic review. Psychiatry Res Neuroimaging 2024; 339:111785. [PMID: 38325165 DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2024.111785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Dopamine and norepinephrine are implicated in the pathophysiology of mental disorders, but non-invasive study of their neuronal function remains challenging. Recent research suggests that neuromelanin-sensitive magnetic resonance imaging (NM-MRI) techniques may overcome this limitation by enabling the non-invasive imaging of the substantia nigra (SN)/ ventral tegmental area (VTA) dopaminergic and locus coeruleus (LC) noradrenergic systems. A review of 19 studies that met the criteria for NM-MRI application in mental disorders found that despite the use of heterogeneous sequence parameters and metrics, nearly all studies reported differences in contrast ratio (CNR) of LC or SN/VTA between patients with mental disorders and healthy controls. These findings suggest that NM-MRI is a valuable tool in psychiatry, but the differences in sequence parameters across studies hinder comparability, and a standardized analysis pipeline is needed to improve the reliability of results. Further research using standardized methods is needed to better understand the role of dopamine and norepinephrine in mental disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuyu Lv
- Department of Psychology and Cognition and Human Behavior Key Laboratory of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China; Institute of Interdisciplinary Studies, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Xuanyi Wang
- Department of Psychology and Cognition and Human Behavior Key Laboratory of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China; Institute of Interdisciplinary Studies, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Pan Lin
- Department of Psychology and Cognition and Human Behavior Key Laboratory of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China; Institute of Interdisciplinary Studies, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Xiang Wang
- Medical Psychological Center, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, PR China.; China National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Xiangya), Changsha, Hunan, PR China..
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6
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Berger A, Beckers E, Joris V, Duchêne G, Danthine V, Delinte N, Cakiroglu I, Sherif S, Morrison EIG, Sánchez AT, Macq B, Dricot L, Vandewalle G, El Tahry R. Locus coeruleus features are linked to vagus nerve stimulation response in drug-resistant epilepsy. Front Neurosci 2024; 18:1296161. [PMID: 38469571 PMCID: PMC10926962 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2024.1296161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024] Open
Abstract
The locus coeruleus-norepinephrine system is thought to be involved in the clinical effects of vagus nerve stimulation. This system is known to prevent seizure development and induce long-term plastic changes, particularly with the release of norepinephrine in the hippocampus. However, the requisites to become responder to the therapy and the mechanisms of action are still under investigation. Using MRI, we assessed the structural and functional characteristics of the locus coeruleus and microstructural properties of locus coeruleus-hippocampus white matter tracts in patients with drug-resistant epilepsy responding or not to the therapy. Twenty-three drug-resistant epileptic patients with cervical vagus nerve stimulation were recruited for this pilot study, including 13 responders or partial responders and 10 non-responders. A dedicated structural MRI acquisition allowed in vivo localization of the locus coeruleus and computation of its contrast (an accepted marker of LC integrity). Locus coeruleus activity was estimated using functional MRI during an auditory oddball task. Finally, multi-shell diffusion MRI was used to estimate the structural properties of locus coeruleus-hippocampus tracts. These characteristics were compared between responders/partial responders and non-responders and their association with therapy duration was also explored. In patients with a better response to the therapy, trends toward a lower activity and a higher contrast were found in the left medial and right caudal portions of the locus coeruleus, respectively. An increased locus coeruleus contrast, bilaterally over its medial portions, correlated with duration of the treatment. Finally, a higher integrity of locus coeruleus-hippocampus connections was found in patients with a better response to the treatment. These new insights into the neurobiology of vagus nerve stimulation may provide novel markers of the response to the treatment and may reflect neuroplasticity effects occurring in the brain following the implantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Berger
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Neuroscience, Catholic University of Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
- Synergia Medical SA, Mont-Saint-Guibert, Belgium
- Sleep and Chronobiology Laboratory, GIGA-Cyclotron Research Center-in vivo Imaging, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Elise Beckers
- Sleep and Chronobiology Laboratory, GIGA-Cyclotron Research Center-in vivo Imaging, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
- Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Alzheimer’s Centre Limburg, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Vincent Joris
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Neuroscience, Catholic University of Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Gaëtan Duchêne
- GE Center MR Applications, General Electric Healthcare, Diegem, Belgium
| | - Venethia Danthine
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Neuroscience, Catholic University of Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Nicolas Delinte
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Neuroscience, Catholic University of Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
- Institute of Information and Communication Technologies, Electronics and Applied Mathematics, Catholic University of Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Inci Cakiroglu
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Neuroscience, Catholic University of Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Siya Sherif
- Sleep and Chronobiology Laboratory, GIGA-Cyclotron Research Center-in vivo Imaging, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | | | - Andres Torres Sánchez
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Neuroscience, Catholic University of Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
- Innoviris, Brussels Institute for Research and Innovation, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Benoit Macq
- Institute of Information and Communication Technologies, Electronics and Applied Mathematics, Catholic University of Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Laurence Dricot
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Neuroscience, Catholic University of Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Gilles Vandewalle
- Sleep and Chronobiology Laboratory, GIGA-Cyclotron Research Center-in vivo Imaging, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Riëm El Tahry
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Neuroscience, Catholic University of Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
- Department of Neurology, Center for Refractory Epilepsy, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
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7
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de Laat B, Hoye J, Stanley G, Hespeler M, Ligi J, Mohan V, Wooten DW, Zhang X, Nguyen TD, Key J, Colonna G, Huang Y, Nabulsi N, Patel A, Matuskey D, Morris ED, Tinaz S. Intense exercise increases dopamine transporter and neuromelanin concentrations in the substantia nigra in Parkinson's disease. NPJ Parkinsons Dis 2024; 10:34. [PMID: 38336768 PMCID: PMC10858031 DOI: 10.1038/s41531-024-00641-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterized by a progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons. Exercise has been reported to slow the clinical progression of PD. We evaluated the dopaminergic system of patients with mild and early PD before and after a six-month program of intense exercise. Using 18F-FE-PE2I PET imaging, we measured dopamine transporter (DAT) availability in the striatum and substantia nigra. Using NM-MRI, we evaluated the neuromelanin content in the substantia nigra. Exercise reversed the expected decrease in DAT availability into a significant increase in both the substantia nigra and putamen. Exercise also reversed the expected decrease in neuromelanin concentration in the substantia nigra into a significant increase. These findings suggest improved functionality in the remaining dopaminergic neurons after exercise. Further research is needed to validate our findings and to pinpoint the source of any true neuromodulatory and neuroprotective effects of exercise in PD in large clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bart de Laat
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.
| | - Jocelyn Hoye
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Gelsina Stanley
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Thanh D Nguyen
- Department of Radiology, Weil Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jose Key
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Giulia Colonna
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Yiyun Huang
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Nabeel Nabulsi
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Amar Patel
- Department of Neurology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - David Matuskey
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Neurology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Evan D Morris
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Sule Tinaz
- Department of Neurology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
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8
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Wengler K, Baker SC, Velikovskaya A, Fogelson A, Girgis RR, Reyes-Madrigal F, Lee S, de la Fuente-Sandoval C, Ojeil N, Horga G. Generalizability and Out-of-Sample Predictive Ability of Associations Between Neuromelanin-Sensitive Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Psychosis in Antipsychotic-Free Individuals. JAMA Psychiatry 2024; 81:198-208. [PMID: 37938847 PMCID: PMC10633403 DOI: 10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2023.4305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
Importance The link between psychosis and dopaminergic dysfunction is established, but no generalizable biomarkers with clear potential for clinical adoption exist. Objective To replicate previous findings relating neuromelanin-sensitive magnetic resonance imaging (NM-MRI), a proxy measure of dopamine function, to psychosis severity in antipsychotic-free individuals in the psychosis spectrum and to evaluate the out-of-sample predictive ability of NM-MRI for psychosis severity. Design, Setting, and Participants This cross-sectional study recruited participants from 2019 to 2023 in the New York City area (main samples) and Mexico City area (external validation sample). The main samples consisted of 42 antipsychotic-free patients with schizophrenia, 53 antipsychotic-free individuals at clinical high risk for psychosis (CHR), and 52 matched healthy controls. An external validation sample consisted of 16 antipsychotic-naive patients with schizophrenia. Main Outcomes and Measures NM-MRI contrast within a subregion of the substantia nigra previously linked to psychosis severity (a priori psychosis region of interest [ROI]) and psychosis severity measured using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) in schizophrenia and the Structured Interview for Psychosis-Risk Syndromes (SIPS) in CHR. The cross-validated performance of linear support vector regression to predict psychosis severity across schizophrenia and CHR was assessed, and a final trained model was tested on the external validation sample. Results Of the 163 included participants, 76 (46.6%) were female, and the mean (SD) age was 29.2 (10.4) years. In the schizophrenia sample, higher PANSS positive total scores correlated with higher mean NM-MRI contrast in the psychosis ROI (t37 = 2.24, P = .03; partial r = 0.35; 95% CI, 0.05 to 0.55). In the CHR sample, no significant association was found between higher SIPS positive total score and NM-MRI contrast in the psychosis ROI (t48 = -0.55, P = .68; partial r = -0.08; 95% CI, -0.36 to 0.23). The 10-fold cross-validated prediction accuracy of psychosis severity was above chance in held-out test data (mean r = 0.305, P = .01; mean root-mean-square error [RMSE] = 1.001, P = .005). External validation prediction accuracy was also above chance (r = 0.422, P = .046; RMSE = 0.882, P = .047). Conclusions and Relevance This study provided a direct ROI-based replication of the in-sample association between NM-MRI contrast and psychosis severity in antipsychotic-free patients with schizophrenia. In turn, it failed to replicate such association in CHR individuals. Most critically, cross-validated machine-learning analyses provided a proof-of-concept demonstration that NM-MRI patterns can be used to predict psychosis severity in new data, suggesting potential for developing clinically useful tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth Wengler
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, New York
- New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York
| | - Seth C. Baker
- New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York
- University at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biological Sciences, Buffalo, New York
| | | | | | - Ragy R. Girgis
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, New York
- New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York
| | - Francisco Reyes-Madrigal
- Laboratory of Experimental Psychiatry & Neuropsychiatry Department, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Seonjoo Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, New York
- New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York
- Department of Biostatistics, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Camilo de la Fuente-Sandoval
- Laboratory of Experimental Psychiatry & Neuropsychiatry Department, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Guillermo Horga
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, New York
- New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York
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9
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Trujillo P, Aumann MA, Claassen DO. Neuromelanin-sensitive MRI as a promising biomarker of catecholamine function. Brain 2024; 147:337-351. [PMID: 37669320 PMCID: PMC10834262 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awad300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Disruptions to dopamine and noradrenergic neurotransmission are noted in several neurodegenerative and psychiatric disorders. Neuromelanin-sensitive (NM)-MRI offers a non-invasive approach to visualize and quantify the structural and functional integrity of the substantia nigra and locus coeruleus. This method may aid in the diagnosis and quantification of longitudinal changes of disease and could provide a stratification tool for predicting treatment success of pharmacological interventions targeting the dopaminergic and noradrenergic systems. Given the growing clinical interest in NM-MRI, understanding the contrast mechanisms that generate this signal is crucial for appropriate interpretation of NM-MRI outcomes and for the continued development of quantitative MRI biomarkers that assess disease severity and progression. To date, most studies associate NM-MRI measurements to the content of the neuromelanin pigment and/or density of neuromelanin-containing neurons, while recent studies suggest that the main source of the NM-MRI contrast is not the presence of neuromelanin but the high-water content in the dopaminergic and noradrenergic neurons. In this review, we consider the biological and physical basis for the NM-MRI contrast and discuss a wide range of interpretations of NM-MRI. We describe different acquisition and image processing approaches and discuss how these methods could be improved and standardized to facilitate large-scale multisite studies and translation into clinical use. We review the potential clinical applications in neurological and psychiatric disorders and the promise of NM-MRI as a biomarker of disease, and finally, we discuss the current limitations of NM-MRI that need to be addressed before this technique can be utilized as a biomarker and translated into clinical practice and offer suggestions for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Trujillo
- Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37212, USA
| | - Megan A Aumann
- Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37212, USA
| | - Daniel O Claassen
- Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37212, USA
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10
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Kuai X, Shao D, Wang S, Wu PY, Wu Y, Wang X. Neuromelanin-sensitive MRI of the substantia nigra distinguishes bipolar from unipolar depression. Cereb Cortex 2024; 34:bhad423. [PMID: 37955650 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhad423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Depression in bipolar disorder (BD-II) is frequently misdiagnosed as unipolar depression (UD) leading to inappropriate treatment and downstream complications for many bipolar sufferers. In this study, we evaluated whether neuromelanin-MR signal and volume changes in the substantia nigra (SN) can be used as potential biomarkers to differentiate BD-II from UD. The signal intensities and volumes of the SN regions were measured, and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) to the decussation of the superior cerebellar peduncles were calculated and compared between healthy controls (HC), BD-II and UD subjects. Results showed that compare to HC, both BD-II and UD subjects had significantly decreased CNR and increased volume on the right and left sides. Moreover, the volume in BD-II group was significantly increased compared to UD group. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) for discriminating BD from HC was the largest for the Volume-L (AUC, 0.85; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.77, 0.93). The AUC for discriminating UD from HC was the largest for the Volume-L (AUC, 0.76; 95% CI: 0.65, 0.86). Furthermore, the AUC for discriminating BD from UD was the largest for the Volume-R (AUC, 0.73; 95% CI: 0.62, 0.84). Our findings suggest that neuromelanin-sensitive magnetic resonance imaging techniques can be used to differentiate BD-II from UD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinping Kuai
- Department of Radiology, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 274 Middle Zhi-jiang Road, Shanghai 200071, China
| | - Dandan Shao
- Department of Radiology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 999, Xiwang Road, Malu Town, Jiading, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - Shengyu Wang
- Department of Radiology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 999, Xiwang Road, Malu Town, Jiading, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - Pu-Yeh Wu
- MR Research China, GE Healthcare, Beijing 100176, China
| | - Yan Wu
- Division of Mood Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 600 Wan Ping Nan Road, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Xuexue Wang
- Department of Radiology, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 600 Wan Ping Nan Road, Shanghai 200030, China
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11
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Lakhani DA, Zhou X, Tao S, Patel V, Wen S, Okromelidze L, Greco E, Lin C, Westerhold EM, Straub S, Wszolek ZK, Tipton PW, Uitti RJ, Grewal SS, Middlebrooks EH. Diagnostic utility of 7T neuromelanin imaging of the substantia nigra in Parkinson's disease. NPJ Parkinsons Dis 2024; 10:13. [PMID: 38191546 PMCID: PMC10774294 DOI: 10.1038/s41531-024-00631-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a prevalent neurodegenerative disorder that presents a diagnostic challenge due to symptom overlap with other disorders. Neuromelanin (NM) imaging is a promising biomarker for PD, but adoption has been limited, in part due to subpar performance at standard MRI field strengths. We aimed to evaluate the diagnostic utility of ultra-high field 7T NM-sensitive imaging in the diagnosis of PD versus controls and essential tremor (ET), as well as NM differences among PD subtypes. A retrospective case-control study was conducted including PD patients, ET patients, and controls. 7T NM-sensitive 3D-GRE was acquired, and substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) volumes, contrast ratios, and asymmetry indices were calculated. Statistical analyses, including general linear models and ROC curves, were employed. Twenty-one PD patients, 13 ET patients, and 18 controls were assessed. PD patients exhibited significantly lower SNpc volumes compared to non-PD subjects. SNpc total volume showed 100% sensitivity and 96.8% specificity (AUC = 0.998) for differentiating PD from non-PD and 100% sensitivity and 95.2% specificity (AUC = 0.996) in differentiating PD from ET. Contrast ratio was not significantly different between PD and non-PD groups (p = 0.07). There was also significantly higher asymmetry index in SNpc volume in PD compared to non-PD cohorts (p < 0.001). NM signal loss in PD predominantly involved the inferior, posterior, and lateral aspects of SNpc. Akinetic-rigid subtype showed more significant NM signal loss compared to tremor dominant subtype (p < 0.001). 7T NM imaging demonstrates potential as a diagnostic tool for PD, including potential distinction between subtypes, allowing improved understanding of disease progression and subtype-related characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhairya A Lakhani
- Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Xiangzhi Zhou
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Shengzhen Tao
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Vishal Patel
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Sijin Wen
- Department of Biostatistics, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | | | - Elena Greco
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Chen Lin
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | | | - Sina Straub
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | | | | | - Ryan J Uitti
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | | | - Erik H Middlebrooks
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA.
- Department of Neurosurgery, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA.
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12
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Shaff N, Erhardt E, Nitschke S, Julio K, Wertz C, Vakhtin A, Caprihan A, Suarez‐Cedeno G, Deligtisch A, Richardson SP, Mayer AR, Ryman SG. Comparison of automated and manual quantification methods for neuromelanin-sensitive MRI in Parkinson's disease. Hum Brain Mapp 2024; 45:e26544. [PMID: 38041476 PMCID: PMC10789205 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.26544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuromelanin-sensitive magnetic resonance imaging quantitative analysis methods have provided promising biomarkers that can noninvasively quantify degeneration of the substantia nigra in patients with Parkinson's disease. However, there is a need to systematically evaluate the performance of manual and automated quantification approaches. We evaluate whether spatial, signal-intensity, or subject specific abnormality measures using either atlas based or manually traced identification of the substantia nigra better differentiate patients with Parkinson's disease from healthy controls using logistic regression models and receiver operating characteristics. Inference was performed using bootstrap analyses to calculate 95% confidence interval bounds. Pairwise comparisons were performed by generating 10,000 permutations, refitting the models, and calculating a paired difference between metrics. Thirty-one patients with Parkinson's disease and 22 healthy controls were included in the analyses. Signal intensity measures significantly outperformed spatial and subject specific abnormality measures, with the top performers exhibiting excellent ability to differentiate patients with Parkinson's disease and healthy controls (balanced accuracy = 0.89; area under the curve = 0.81; sensitivity =0.86; and specificity = 0.83). Atlas identified substantia nigra metrics performed significantly better than manual tracing metrics. These results provide clear support for the use of automated signal intensity metrics and additional recommendations. Future work is necessary to evaluate whether the same metrics can best differentiate atypical parkinsonism, perform similarly in de novo and mid-stage cohorts, and serve as longitudinal monitoring biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Erik Erhardt
- Department of Mathematics and StatisticsUniversity of New MexicoAlbuquerqueNew MexicoUSA
| | | | - Kayla Julio
- The Mind Research NetworkAlbuquerqueNew MexicoUSA
| | | | | | | | - Gerson Suarez‐Cedeno
- Nene and Jamie Koch Comprehensive Movement Disorder Center, Department of NeurologyUniversity of New MexicoAlbuquerqueNew MexicoUSA
| | - Amanda Deligtisch
- Nene and Jamie Koch Comprehensive Movement Disorder Center, Department of NeurologyUniversity of New MexicoAlbuquerqueNew MexicoUSA
| | - Sarah Pirio Richardson
- Nene and Jamie Koch Comprehensive Movement Disorder Center, Department of NeurologyUniversity of New MexicoAlbuquerqueNew MexicoUSA
- New Mexico VA Health Care SystemAlbuquerqueNew MexicoUSA
| | | | - Sephira G. Ryman
- The Mind Research NetworkAlbuquerqueNew MexicoUSA
- Nene and Jamie Koch Comprehensive Movement Disorder Center, Department of NeurologyUniversity of New MexicoAlbuquerqueNew MexicoUSA
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13
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Oshima S, Fushimi Y, Miyake KK, Nakajima S, Sakata A, Okuchi S, Hinoda T, Otani S, Numamoto H, Fujimoto K, Shima A, Nambu M, Sawamoto N, Takahashi R, Ueno K, Saga T, Nakamoto Y. Denoising approach with deep learning-based reconstruction for neuromelanin-sensitive MRI: image quality and diagnostic performance. Jpn J Radiol 2023; 41:1216-1225. [PMID: 37256470 PMCID: PMC10613599 DOI: 10.1007/s11604-023-01452-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Neuromelanin-sensitive MRI (NM-MRI) has proven useful for diagnosing Parkinson's disease (PD) by showing reduced signals in the substantia nigra (SN) and locus coeruleus (LC), but requires a long scan time. The aim of this study was to assess the image quality and diagnostic performance of NM-MRI with a shortened scan time using a denoising approach with deep learning-based reconstruction (dDLR). MATERIALS AND METHODS We enrolled 22 healthy volunteers, 22 non-PD patients and 22 patients with PD who underwent NM-MRI, and performed manual ROI-based analysis. Signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) in ten healthy volunteers were compared among images with a number of excitations (NEX) of 1 (NEX1), NEX1 images with dDLR (NEX1 + dDLR) and 5-NEX images (NEX5). Acquisition times for NEX1 and NEX5 were 3 min 12 s and 15 min 58 s, respectively. Diagnostic performances using the contrast ratio (CR) of the SN (CR_SN) and LC (CR_LC) and those by visual assessment for differentiating PD from non-PD were also compared between NEX1 and NEX1 + dDLR. RESULTS Image quality analyses revealed that SNRs and CNRs of the SN and LC in NEX1 + dDLR were significantly higher than in NEX1, and comparable to those in NEX5. In diagnostic performance analysis, areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) using CR_SN and CR_LC of NEX1 + dDLR were 0.87 and 0.75, respectively, which had no significant difference with those of NEX1. Visual assessment showed improvement of diagnostic performance by applying dDLR. CONCLUSION Image quality for NEX1 + dDLR was comparable to that of NEX5. dDLR has the potential to reduce scan time of NM-MRI without degrading image quality. Both 1-NEX NM-MRI with and without dDLR showed high AUCs for diagnosing PD by CR. The results of visual assessment suggest advantages of dDLR. Further tuning of dDLR would be expected to provide clinical merits in diagnosing PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonoko Oshima
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Shogoin Kawahara-Cho, Sakyo-Ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Yasutaka Fushimi
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Shogoin Kawahara-Cho, Sakyo-Ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan.
| | - Kanae Kawai Miyake
- Department of Advanced Medical Imaging Research, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Shogoin Kawahara-Cho, Sakyo-Ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Satoshi Nakajima
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Shogoin Kawahara-Cho, Sakyo-Ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Akihiko Sakata
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Shogoin Kawahara-Cho, Sakyo-Ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Sachi Okuchi
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Shogoin Kawahara-Cho, Sakyo-Ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Takuya Hinoda
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Shogoin Kawahara-Cho, Sakyo-Ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Sayo Otani
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Shogoin Kawahara-Cho, Sakyo-Ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Hitomi Numamoto
- Department of Advanced Medical Imaging Research, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Shogoin Kawahara-Cho, Sakyo-Ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Koji Fujimoto
- Department of Real World Data Research and Development, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Shogoin Kawahara-Cho, Sakyo-Ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Atsushi Shima
- Department of Regenerative Systems Neuroscience, Human Brain Research Center, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Shogoin Kawahara-Cho, Sakyo-Ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Masahito Nambu
- MRI Systems Division, Canon Medical Systems Corporation, 1385 Shimoishigami, Otawara-Shi, Tochigi, 324-0036, Japan
| | - Nobukatsu Sawamoto
- Department of Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 53 Shogoin Kawahara-Cho, Sakyo-Ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Takahashi
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Shogoin Kawahara-Cho, Sakyo-Ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Kentaro Ueno
- Department of Biomedical Statistics and Bioinformatics, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Shogoin Kawahara-Cho, Sakyo-Ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Tsuneo Saga
- Department of Advanced Medical Imaging Research, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Shogoin Kawahara-Cho, Sakyo-Ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Yuji Nakamoto
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Shogoin Kawahara-Cho, Sakyo-Ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
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14
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Hussain S, Menchaca I, Shalchy MA, Yaghoubi K, Langley J, Seitz AR, Hu XP, Peters MAK. Locus coeruleus integrity predicts ease of attaining and maintaining neural states of high attentiveness. Brain Res Bull 2023; 202:110733. [PMID: 37586427 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2023.110733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2022] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
The locus coeruleus (LC), a small subcortical structure in the brainstem, is the brain's principal source of norepinephrine. It plays a primary role in regulating stress, the sleep-wake cycle, and attention, and its degradation is associated with aging and neurodegenerative diseases associated with cognitive deficits (e.g., Parkinson's, Alzheimer's). Yet precisely how norepinephrine drives brain networks to support healthy cognitive function remains poorly understood - partly because LC's small size makes it difficult to study noninvasively in humans. Here, we characterized LC's influence on brain dynamics using a hidden Markov model fitted to functional neuroimaging data from healthy young adults across four attention-related brain networks and LC. We modulated LC activity using a behavioral paradigm and measured individual differences in LC magnetization transfer contrast. The model revealed five hidden states, including a stable state dominated by salience-network activity that occurred when subjects actively engaged with the task. LC magnetization transfer contrast correlated with this state's stability across experimental manipulations and with subjects' propensity to enter into and remain in this state. These results provide new insight into LC's role in driving spatiotemporal neural patterns associated with attention, and demonstrate that variation in LC integrity can explain individual differences in these patterns even in healthy young adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sana Hussain
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA, USA
| | - Isaac Menchaca
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA, USA
| | | | - Kimia Yaghoubi
- Department of Psychology, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA, USA
| | - Jason Langley
- Center for Advanced Neuroimaging, University of California, Riverside, CA, USA
| | - Aaron R Seitz
- Department of Psychology, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA, USA; Department of Psychology, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Xiaoping P Hu
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA, USA; Center for Advanced Neuroimaging, University of California, Riverside, CA, USA.
| | - Megan A K Peters
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA, USA; Department of Cognitive Sciences, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA; Program in Brain, Mind, & Consciousness, Canadian Institute for Advanced Research, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
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15
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Langley J, Hwang KS, Huddleston DE, Hu XP. Nigral volume loss in prodromal, early, and moderate Parkinson's disease. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2023:2023.08.19.23294281. [PMID: 37645770 PMCID: PMC10462207 DOI: 10.1101/2023.08.19.23294281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
The loss of melanized neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc) is a hallmark pathology in Parkinson's disease (PD). Melanized neurons in SNc can be visualized in vivo using magnetization transfer (MT) effects. Nigral volume was extracted in data acquired with a MT-prepared gradient echo sequence in 33 controls, 83 non-manifest carriers (42 LRRK2 and 41 GBA nonmanifest carriers), 65 prodromal hyposmic participants, 105 de novo PD patients and 26 48-month PD patients from the Parkinson's Progressive Markers Initiative. No difference in nigral volume was seen between controls and LRRK2 and GBA non-manifest carriers (F=0.076; P=0.927). A significant main effect in group was observed between controls, prodromal hyposmic participants, and overt PD patients (F=5.192; P=0.002). Longer disease duration significantly correlated with lower nigral volume (r=-0.252; P=0.010). This study shows that nigral depigmentation can be robustly detected in prodromal hyposmic participants and overt PD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason Langley
- Center for Advanced Neuroimaging, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA, USA
| | - Kristy S. Hwang
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | | | - Xiaoping P. Hu
- Center for Advanced Neuroimaging, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA, USA
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16
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Pagliaccio D, Wengler K, Durham K, Fontaine M, Rueppel M, Becker H, Bilek E, Pieper S, Risdon C, Horga G, Fitzgerald KD, Marsh R. Probing midbrain dopamine function in pediatric obsessive-compulsive disorder via neuromelanin-sensitive magnetic resonance imaging. Mol Psychiatry 2023; 28:3075-3082. [PMID: 37198261 PMCID: PMC10189717 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-023-02105-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is an impairing psychiatric condition, which often onsets in childhood. Growing research highlights dopaminergic alterations in adult OCD, yet pediatric studies are limited by methodological constraints. This is the first study to utilize neuromelanin-sensitive MRI as a proxy for dopaminergic function among children with OCD. N = 135 youth (6-14-year-olds) completed high-resolution neuromelanin-sensitive MRI across two sites; n = 64 had an OCD diagnosis. N = 47 children with OCD completed a second scan after cognitive-behavioral therapy. Voxel-wise analyses identified that neuromelanin-MRI signal was higher among children with OCD compared to those without (483 voxels, permutation-corrected p = 0.018). Effects were significant within both the substania nigra pars compacta (p = 0.004, Cohen's d = 0.51) and ventral tegmental area (p = 0.006, d = 0.50). Follow-up analyses indicated that more severe lifetime symptoms (t = -2.72, p = 0.009) and longer illness duration (t = -2.22, p = 0.03) related to lower neuromelanin-MRI signal. Despite significant symptom reduction with therapy (p < 0.001, d = 1.44), neither baseline nor change in neuromelanin-MRI signal associated with symptom improvement. Current results provide the first demonstration of the utility of neuromelanin-MRI in pediatric psychiatry, specifically highlighting in vivo evidence for midbrain dopamine alterations in treatment-seeking youth with OCD. Neuromelanin-MRI likely indexes accumulating alterations over time, herein, implicating dopamine hyperactivity in OCD. Given evidence of increased neuromelanin signal in pediatric OCD but negative association with symptom severity, additional work is needed to parse potential longitudinal or compensatory mechanisms. Future studies should explore the utility of neuromelanin-MRI biomarkers to identify early risk prior to onset, parse OCD subtypes or symptom heterogeneity, and explore prediction of pharmacotherapy response.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Pagliaccio
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
- New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Kenneth Wengler
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
- New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - Katherine Durham
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
- New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - Martine Fontaine
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
- New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - Meryl Rueppel
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
- New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - Hannah Becker
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Emily Bilek
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Sarah Pieper
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
- New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - Caroline Risdon
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
- New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - Guillermo Horga
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
- New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kate D Fitzgerald
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
- New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - Rachel Marsh
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
- New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA
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17
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Yamazaki Y, Suwabe K, Nagano-Saito A, Saotome K, Kuwamizu R, Hiraga T, Torma F, Suzuki K, Sankai Y, Yassa MA, Soya H. A possible contribution of the locus coeruleus to arousal enhancement with mild exercise: evidence from pupillometry and neuromelanin imaging. Cereb Cortex Commun 2023; 4:tgad010. [PMID: 37323937 PMCID: PMC10267300 DOI: 10.1093/texcom/tgad010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute mild exercise has been observed to facilitate executive function and memory. A possible underlying mechanism of this is the upregulation of the ascending arousal system, including the catecholaminergic system originating from the locus coeruleus (LC). Prior work indicates that pupil diameter, as an indirect marker of the ascending arousal system, including the LC, increases even with very light-intensity exercise. However, it remains unclear whether the LC directly contributes to exercise-induced pupil-linked arousal. Here, we examined the involvement of the LC in the change in pupil dilation induced by very light-intensity exercise using pupillometry and neuromelanin imaging to assess the LC integrity. A sample of 21 young males performed 10 min of very light-intensity exercise, and we measured changes in the pupil diameters and psychological arousal levels induced by the exercise. Neuromelanin-weighted magnetic resonance imaging scans were also obtained. We observed that pupil diameter and psychological arousal levels increased during very light-intensity exercise, which is consistent with previous findings. Notably, the LC contrast, a marker of LC integrity, predicted the magnitude of pupil dilation and psychological arousal enhancement with exercise. These relationships suggest that the LC-catecholaminergic system is a potential a mechanism for pupil-linked arousal induced by very light-intensity exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yudai Yamazaki
- Laboratory of Exercise Biochemistry and Neuroendocrinology, Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tannoudai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8574, Japan
- Sport Neuroscience Division, Advanced Research Initiative for Human High Performance (ARIHHP), Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennoudai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8574, Japan
| | - Kazuya Suwabe
- Sport Neuroscience Division, Advanced Research Initiative for Human High Performance (ARIHHP), Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennoudai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8574, Japan
- Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, Ryutsu Keizai University, 120 Ryugasaki, Ibaraki 301-0844, Japan
- Center for Cybernics Research, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennoudai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan
| | - Atsuko Nagano-Saito
- Laboratory of Exercise Biochemistry and Neuroendocrinology, Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tannoudai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8574, Japan
- Sport Neuroscience Division, Advanced Research Initiative for Human High Performance (ARIHHP), Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennoudai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8574, Japan
- Department of Radiology, Ushiku Aiwa General Hospital, 896 Inoko-cho, Ushiku, Ibaraki 300-1296, Japan
| | - Kousaku Saotome
- Center for Cybernics Research, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennoudai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan
- Department of Radiological Sciences, School of Health Sciences, Fukushima Medical University, 1 Hikarigaoka, Fukushima, Fukushima 960-1295, Japan
| | - Ryuta Kuwamizu
- Laboratory of Exercise Biochemistry and Neuroendocrinology, Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tannoudai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8574, Japan
- Graduate School of Letters, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Taichi Hiraga
- Laboratory of Exercise Biochemistry and Neuroendocrinology, Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tannoudai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8574, Japan
| | - Ferenc Torma
- Laboratory of Exercise Biochemistry and Neuroendocrinology, Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tannoudai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8574, Japan
- Sport Neuroscience Division, Advanced Research Initiative for Human High Performance (ARIHHP), Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennoudai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8574, Japan
| | - Kenji Suzuki
- Center for Cybernics Research, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennoudai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Sankai
- Center for Cybernics Research, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennoudai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan
| | - Michael A Yassa
- Sport Neuroscience Division, Advanced Research Initiative for Human High Performance (ARIHHP), Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennoudai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8574, Japan
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine, CA 92679-3800, United States
- Center for the Neurobiology of Learning and Memory, University of California, Irvine, CA 92679-3800, United States
| | - Hideaki Soya
- Corresponding author: Laboratory of Exercise Biochemistry and Neuroendocrinology; Sport Neuroscience Division, Advanced Research Initiative for Human High Performance (ARIHHP), Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennoudai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8574, Japan.
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18
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Ahmed SY, Hassan FF. Optimizing imaging resolution in brain MRI: understanding the impact of technical factors. J Med Life 2023; 16:920-924. [PMID: 37675169 PMCID: PMC10478647 DOI: 10.25122/jml-2022-0212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 09/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) exams are essential for diagnostic procedures, but their lengthy duration and associated costs limit their accessibility. Shorter scan times would reduce expenses and allow for more MRI exams, expanding the range of diagnostic procedures. This study investigated technical factors that could decrease scan time without compromising image quality, including field-of-view (FOV), phase field of view, phase oversampling, cross-talk, brain MRI imaging resolution, and scan time. Data were collected from September 2021 to June 2022. All patients underwent brain scans in the transverse plane following a standardized protocol using a 1.5-tesla Siemens Avanto MRI scanner. The protocol employed T2-weighted Turbo Spin Echo imaging. Twenty-four cases were included in this study. Initially, all participants underwent brain MRI scans using the original protocols with axial sections. The results indicated that altering the FOV phase and phase oversampling significantly affected the scan time, whereas other factors did not have a direct impact. The original protocol had a scan time of 3.47 minutes with a FOV of 230 mm, 90% FOV phase, and 0% phase oversampling. After implementing the modified protocol, the scan time was reduced to 2.18 minutes with a FOV of 217 mm and 93.98% phase oversampling of 13.96%. Statistical analysis confirmed the high significance of FOV phase and phase oversampling in reducing scan time. By optimizing these technical factors, MRI exams can be performed more efficiently, resulting in shorter scan times and potentially reducing costs. This would enhance patient comfort and enable a greater number of MRI exams, facilitating a more comprehensive range of diagnostic procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shapol Yousif Ahmed
- Department of Basic Sciences, College of Medicine, Hawler Medical University, Erbil, Iraq
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19
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Seong M, Park S, Sung YH, Kim EY. Diagnostic performance of a high-spatial-resolution voxelwise analysis of neuromelanin-sensitive imaging in early-stage idiopathic Parkinson's disease. BMC Med Imaging 2023; 23:64. [PMID: 37202720 DOI: 10.1186/s12880-023-01018-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Quantitative assessments of neuromelanin (NM) of the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) in neuromelanin-sensitive MRI (NM-MRI) to determine its abnormality have been conducted by measuring either the volume or contrast ratio (CR) of the SNpc. A recent study determined the regions in the SNpc that are significantly different between early-stage idiopathic Parkinson's disease (IPD) patients and healthy controls (HCs) using a high spatial-resolution NM-MRI template, which enables a template-based voxelwise analysis to overcome the susceptibility of CR measurement to inter-rater discrepancy. We aimed to assess the diagnostic performance, which has not been reported, of the CRs between early-stage IPD patients and HCs using a NM-MRI template. METHODS We retrospectively enrolled early-stage IPD patients (n = 50) and HCs (n = 50) who underwent 0.8-mm isovoxel NM-MRI and dopamine-transporter PET as the standard of reference. A template-based voxelwise analysis revealed two regions in nigrosomes 1 and 2 (N1 and N2, respectively), with significant differences in each substantia nigra (SNpc) between IPD and HCs. The mean CR values of N1, N2, volume-weighted mean of N1 and N2 (N1 + N2), and whole SNpc on each side were compared between IPD and HC using the independent t-test or the Mann-Whitney U test. The diagnostic performance was compared in each region using receiver operating characteristic curves. RESULTS The mean CR values in the right N1 (0.149459 vs. 0.194505), left N1 (0.133328 vs. 0.169160), right N2 (0.230245 vs. 0.278181), left N2 (0.235784 vs. 0.314169), right N1 + N2 (0.155322 vs. 0.278143), left N1 + N2 (0.140991 vs. 0.276755), right whole SNpc (0.131397 vs. 0.141422), and left whole SNpc (0.127099 vs. 0.137873) significantly differed between IPD patients and HCs (all p < 0.001). The areas under the curve of the left N1 + N2, right N1 + N2, left N1, right N1, left N2, right N2, left whole SNpc, and right whole SNpc were 0.994 (sensitivity, 98.0%; specificity, 94.0%), 0.985, 0.804, 0.802, 0.777, 0.766, 0.632, and 0.606, respectively. CONCLUSION Our NM-MRI template-based CR measurements revealed significant differences between early-stage IPD patients and HCs. The CR values of the left N1 + N2 demonstrated the highest diagnostic performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minjung Seong
- Department of Radiology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 81, Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 06351, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Young Hee Sung
- Department of Neurology, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Eung Yeop Kim
- Department of Radiology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 81, Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 06351, Republic of Korea.
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20
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Park S, Sung YH, Kim WR, Noh Y, Kim EY. Correlation Between Neuromelanin-Sensitive MRI and 18F-FP-CIT PET in Early-Stage Parkinson's Disease: Utility of a Voxel-Wise Analysis by Using High-Spatial-Resolution MRI. J Clin Neurol 2023; 19:156-164. [PMID: 36854333 PMCID: PMC9982185 DOI: 10.3988/jcn.2022.0147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/30/2022] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The correlation between dopamine transporter (DAT) imaging and neuromelanin-sensitive magnetic resonance imaging (NM-MRI) in early-stage Parkinson's disease (PD) has not yet been established. This study aimed to determine the correlation between NM-MRI and DAT positron-emission tomography (PET) in patients with early-stage PD. METHODS Fifty drug-naïve patients with early-stage PD who underwent both 0.8-mm isovoxel NM-MRI and DAT PET were enrolled retrospectively. Using four regions of interest (nigrosome 1 and nigrosome 2 [N1 and N2] regions) from a previous study, the contrast ratios (CRs) of 12 regions were measured: N1, N2, flipped N1, flipped N2, combined N1 and N2, and whole substantia nigra pars compacta [SNpc] (all on both sides). The clinically more affected side was separately assessed. The standardized uptake value ratios (SUVRs) were measured in the striatum using DAT PET. A partial correlation analysis was performed between the SUVR and CR measurements. RESULTS CR of the flipped left N1 region was significantly correlated with SUVR of the right posterior putamen (p=0.047), and CR values of the left N1 region, left N2 region, flipped right N1 region, and combined left N1 and N2 regions were significantly correlated with SUVR of the left posterior putamen (p=0.011, 0.038, 0.020, and 0.010, respectively). SUVR of the left anterior putamen was significantly correlated with CR of the left N2 region (p=0.027). On the clinically more affected side, the CR values of the N1 region, combined N1 and N2 regions, and the whole SNpc were significantly correlated with SUVR of the posterior putamen (p=0.001, 0.024, and 0.021, respectively). There were significant correlations between the SUVR of the anterior putamen and the CR values of the N1 region, combined N1 and N2 regions, and whole SNpc (p=0.027, 0.001, and 0.036, respectively). CONCLUSIONS This study found that there were significant correlations between CR values in the SNpc on NM-MRI and striatal SUVR values on DAT PET on both sides in early-stage PD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Young Hee Sung
- Department of Neurology, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
| | - Woo Ram Kim
- Neuroscience Research Institute, Gachon University, Incheon, Korea
| | - Young Noh
- Department of Neurology, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
| | - Eung Yeop Kim
- Department of Radiology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
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21
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He N, Chen Y, LeWitt PA, Yan F, Haacke EM. Application of Neuromelanin MR Imaging in Parkinson Disease. J Magn Reson Imaging 2023; 57:337-352. [PMID: 36017746 PMCID: PMC10086789 DOI: 10.1002/jmri.28414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
MRI has been used to develop biomarkers for movement disorders such as Parkinson disease (PD) and other neurodegenerative disorders with parkinsonism such as progressive supranuclear palsy and multiple system atrophy. One of these imaging biomarkers is neuromelanin (NM), whose integrity can be assessed from its contrast and volume. NM is found mainly in certain brain stem structures, namely, the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc), the ventral tegmental area, and the locus coeruleus. Another major biomarker is brain iron, which often increases in concert with NM degeneration. These biomarkers have the potential to improve diagnostic certainty in differentiating between PD and other neurodegenerative disorders similar to PD, as well as provide a better understanding of pathophysiology. Mapping NM in vivo has clinical importance for gauging the premotor phase of PD when there is a greater than 50% loss of dopaminergic SNpc melanized neurons. As a metal ion chelator, NM can absorb iron. When NM is released from neurons, it deposits iron into the intracellular tissues of the SNpc; the result is iron that can be imaged and measured using quantitative susceptibility mapping. An increase of iron also leads to the disappearance of the nigrosome-1 sign, another neuroimage biomarker for PD. Therefore, mapping NM and iron changes in the SNpc are a practical means for improving early diagnosis of PD and in monitoring disease progression. In this review, we discuss the functions and location of NM, how NM-MRI is performed, the automatic mapping of NM and iron content, how NM-related imaging biomarkers can be used to enhance PD diagnosis and differentiate it from other neurodegenerative disorders, and potential advances in NM imaging methods. With major advances currently evolving for rapid imaging and artificial intelligence, NM-related biomarkers are likely to have increasingly important roles for enhancing diagnostic capabilities in PD. EVIDENCE LEVEL: 1 TECHNICAL EFFICACY: Stage 2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naying He
- Department of Radiology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, China
| | - Yongsheng Chen
- Department of Neurology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Peter A LeWitt
- Department of Neurology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, USA.,Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Hospital, Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorders Program, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Fuhua Yan
- Department of Radiology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, China
| | - E Mark Haacke
- Department of Radiology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, China.,Department of Neurology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, USA.,Department of Radiology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, USA.,SpinTech, Inc, Bingham Farms, Michigan, USA
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22
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Hwang KS, Langley J, Tripathi R, Hu XP, Huddleston DE. In vivo detection of substantia nigra and locus coeruleus volume loss in Parkinson's disease using neuromelanin-sensitive MRI: Replication in two cohorts. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0282684. [PMID: 37053195 PMCID: PMC10101455 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0282684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Patients with Parkinson's disease undergo a loss of melanized neurons in substantia nigra pars compacta and locus coeruleus. Very few studies have assessed substantia nigra pars compacta and locus coeruleus pathology in Parkinson's disease simultaneously with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Neuromelanin-sensitive MRI measures of substantia nigra pars compacta and locus coeruleus volume based on explicit magnetization transfer contrast have been shown to have high scan-rescan reproducibility in controls, but no study has replicated detection of Parkinson's disease-associated volume loss in substantia nigra pars compacta and locus coeruleus in multiple cohorts with the same methodology. Two separate cohorts of Parkinson's disease patients and controls were recruited from the Emory Movement Disorders Clinic and scanned on two different MRI scanners. In cohort 1, imaging data from 19 controls and 22 Parkinson's disease patients were acquired with a Siemens Trio 3 Tesla scanner using a 2D gradient echo sequence with magnetization transfer preparation pulse. Cohort 2 consisted of 33 controls and 39 Parkinson's disease patients who were scanned on a Siemens Prisma 3 Tesla scanner with a similar imaging protocol. Locus coeruleus and substantia nigra pars compacta volumes were segmented in both cohorts. Substantia nigra pars compacta volume (Cohort 1: p = 0.0148; Cohort 2: p = 0.0011) and locus coeruleus volume (Cohort 1: p = 0.0412; Cohort 2: p = 0.0056) were significantly reduced in the Parkinson's disease group as compared to controls in both cohorts. This imaging approach robustly detects Parkinson's disease effects on these structures, indicating that it is a promising marker for neurodegenerative neuromelanin loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristy S Hwang
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, United States of America
| | - Jason Langley
- Center for Advanced Neuroimaging, University of California Riverside, Riverside, California, United States of America
| | - Richa Tripathi
- Department of Neurology, Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, United States of America
| | - Xiaoping P Hu
- Center for Advanced Neuroimaging, University of California Riverside, Riverside, California, United States of America
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California Riverside, Riverside, California, United States of America
| | - Daniel E Huddleston
- Department of Neurology, Emory University,Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
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23
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Tinaz S. Magnetic resonance imaging modalities aid in the differential diagnosis of atypical parkinsonian syndromes. Front Neurol 2023; 14:1082060. [PMID: 36816565 PMCID: PMC9932598 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2023.1082060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Accurate and timely diagnosis of atypical parkinsonian syndromes (APS) remains a challenge. Especially early in the disease course, the clinical manifestations of the APS overlap with each other and with those of idiopathic Parkinson's disease (PD). Recent advances in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technology have introduced promising imaging modalities to aid in the diagnosis of APS. Some of these MRI modalities are also included in the updated diagnostic criteria of APS. Importantly, MRI is safe for repeated use and more affordable and accessible compared to nuclear imaging. These advantages make MRI tools more appealing for diagnostic purposes. As the MRI field continues to advance, the diagnostic use of these techniques in APS, alone or in combination, are expected to become commonplace in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sule Tinaz
- Division of Movement Disorders, Department of Neurology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
- Department of Neurology, Clinical Neurosciences Imaging Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
- *Correspondence: Sule Tinaz ✉
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24
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Acceleration of neuromelanin-sensitive MRI sequences in the substantia nigra using standard MRI options. Neuroradiology 2023; 65:307-312. [PMID: 36169662 PMCID: PMC9859863 DOI: 10.1007/s00234-022-03058-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Neuromelanin MRI (NM-MRI) is applied as a proxy measurement of dopaminergic functioning of the substantia nigra pars compacta (SN). To increase its clinical applicability, a fast and easily applicable NM-MRI sequence is needed. This study therefore compared accelerated NM-MRI sequences using standard available MRI options with a validated 2D gradient recalled echo NM-MRI sequence with off-resonance magnetization transfer (MT) pulse (2D-MToffRes). METHODS We used different combinations of compressed sense (CS) acceleration, repetition times (TR), and MT pulse to accelerate the validated 2D-MToffRes. In addition, we compared a recently introduced 3D sequence with the 2D-MToffRes. RESULTS Our results show that the 2D sequences perform best with good to excellent reliability. Only excellent intraclass correlation coefficients were found for the CS factor 2 sequences. CONCLUSION We conclude that there are several reliable approaches to accelerate NM-MRI, in particular by using CS.
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25
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Berman S, Drori E, Mezer AA. Spatial profiles provide sensitive MRI measures of the midbrain micro- and macrostructure. Neuroimage 2022; 264:119660. [PMID: 36220534 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2022.119660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The midbrain is the rostral-most part of the brainstem. It contains numerous nuclei and white matter tracts, which are involved in motor, auditory and visual processing, and changes in their structure and function have been associated with aging, as well as neurodegenerative disorders. Current tools for estimating midbrain subregions and their structure with MRI require high resolution and multi-parametric quantitative MRI measures. We propose an approach that relies on morphology to calculate profiles along the midbrain and show these profiles are sensitive to the underlying macrostructure of the midbrain. First, we show that the midbrain structure can be sampled, within subject space, along three main axes of the left and right midbrain, producing profiles that are similar across subjects. We use two data sets with different field strengths, that contain R1, R2* and QSM maps and show that the profiles are highly correlated both across subjects and between datasets. Next, we compare profiles of the midbrain that sample ROIs, and show that the profiles along the first two axes sample the midbrain in a way that reliably separates the main structures, i.e., the substantia nigra, the red nucleus, and periaqueductal gray. We further show that age differences which are localized to specific nuclei, are reflected in the profiles. Finally, we generalize the same approach to calculate midbrain profiles on a third clinically relevant dataset using HCP subjects, with metrics such as the diffusion tensor and semi-quantitative data such as T1w/T2w maps. Our results suggest that midbrain profiles, both of quantitative and semi-quantitative estimates are sensitive to the underlying macrostructure of the midbrain. The midbrain profiles are calculated in native space, and rely on simple measurements. We show that it is robust and can be easily expanded to different datasets, and as such we hope that it will be of great use to the community and to the study of the midbrain in particular.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shai Berman
- The Edmond and Lily Safra Center for Brain Science, the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel; Mortimer B. Zuckerman Mind, Brain, Behavior Institute, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States.
| | - Elior Drori
- The Edmond and Lily Safra Center for Brain Science, the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Aviv A Mezer
- The Edmond and Lily Safra Center for Brain Science, the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel
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26
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Ji S, Choi EJ, Sohn B, Baik K, Shin NY, Moon WJ, Park S, Song S, Lee PH, Shin DH, Oh SH, Kim EY, Lee J. Sandwich spatial saturation for neuromelanin-sensitive MRI: Development and multi-center trial. Neuroimage 2022; 264:119706. [PMID: 36349597 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2022.119706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 10/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuromelanin (NM)-sensitive MRI using a magnetization transfer (MT)-prepared T1-weighted sequence has been suggested as a tool to visualize NM contents in the brain. In this study, a new NM-sensitive imaging method, sandwichNM, is proposed by utilizing the incidental MT effects of spatial saturation RF pulses in order to generate consistent high-quality NM images using product sequences. The spatial saturation pulses are located both superior and inferior to the imaging volume, increasing MT weighting while avoiding asymmetric MT effects. When the parameters of the spatial saturation were optimized, sandwichNM reported a higher NM contrast ratio than those of conventional NM-sensitive imaging methods with matched parameters for comparability with sandwichNM (SandwichNM: 23.6 ± 5.4%; MT-prepared TSE: 20.6 ± 7.4%; MT-prepared GRE: 17.4 ± 6.0%). In a multi-vendor experiment, the sandwichNM images displayed higher means and lower standard deviations of the NM contrast ratio across subjects in all three vendors (SandwichNM vs. MT-prepared GRE; Vendor A: 28.4 ± 1.5% vs. 24.4 ± 2.8%; Vendor B: 27.2 ± 1.0% vs. 13.3 ± 1.3%; Vendor C: 27.3 ± 0.7% vs. 20.1 ± 0.9%). For each subject, the standard deviations of the NM contrast ratio across the vendors were substantially lower in SandwichNM (SandwichNM vs. MT-prepared GRE; subject 1: 1.5% vs. 8.1%, subject 2: 1.1 % vs. 5.1%, subject 3: 0.9% vs. 4.0%, subject 4: 1.1% vs. 5.3%), demonstrating consistent contrasts across the vendors. The proposed method utilizes product sequences, requiring no alteration of a sequence and, therefore, may have a wide practical utility in exploring the NM imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sooyeon Ji
- Laboratory for Imaging Science and Technology, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Jung Choi
- Laboratory for Imaging Science and Technology, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Beomseok Sohn
- Department of Radiology, Severance Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoungwon Baik
- Department of Radiology, Severance Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Na-Young Shin
- Department of Radiology, Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Won-Jin Moon
- Department of Radiology, Konkuk University Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | | | | | - Phil Hyu Lee
- Department of Neurology, Severance Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Se-Hong Oh
- Division of Biomedical Engineering, Hankuk University of Foreign Studies, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Eung Yeop Kim
- Department of Radiology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jongho Lee
- Laboratory for Imaging Science and Technology, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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27
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Langley J, Hwang KS, Hu XP, Huddleston DE. Nigral volumetric and microstructural measures in individuals with scans without evidence of dopaminergic deficit. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:1048945. [PMID: 36507343 PMCID: PMC9731284 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.1048945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Striatal dopamine transporter (DAT) imaging using 123I-ioflupane single photon positron emitted computed tomography (SPECT) (DaTScan, GE) identifies 5-20% of newly diagnosed Parkinson's disease (PD) subjects enrolling in clinical studies to have scans without evidence of dopaminergic deficit (SWEDD). These individuals meet diagnostic criteria for PD, but do not clinically progress as expected, and they are not believed to have neurodegenerative Parkinsonism. Inclusion of SWEDD participants in PD biomarker studies or therapeutic trials may therefore cause them to fail. DaTScan can identify SWEDD individuals, but it is expensive and not widely available; an alternative imaging approach is needed. Here, we evaluate the use of neuromelanin-sensitive, iron-sensitive, and diffusion contrasts in substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) to differentiate SWEDD from PD individuals. Methods Neuromelanin-sensitive, iron-sensitive, and diffusion imaging data for SWEDD, PD, and control subjects were downloaded from the Parkinson's progression markers initiative (PPMI) database. SNpc volume, SNpc iron (R 2), and SNpc free water (FW) were measured for each participant. Results Significantly smaller SNpc volume was seen in PD as compared to SWEDD (P < 10-3) and control (P < 10-3) subjects. SNpc FW was elevated in the PD group relative to controls (P = 0.017). No group difference was observed in SNpc R 2. Conclusion In conclusion, nigral volume and FW in the SWEDD group were similar to that of controls, while a reduction in nigral volume and increased FW were observed in the PD group relative to SWEDD and control participants. These results suggest that these MRI measures should be explored as a cost-effective alternative to DaTScan for evaluation of the nigrostriatal system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason Langley
- Center for Advanced Neuroimaging, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA, United States
| | - Kristy S. Hwang
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Xiaoping P. Hu
- Center for Advanced Neuroimaging, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA, United States,Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA, United States,*Correspondence: Xiaoping P. Hu,
| | - Daniel E. Huddleston
- Department of Neurology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States,Daniel E. Huddleston,
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28
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Al Haddad R, Chamoun M, Tardif CL, Guimond S, Horga G, Rosa‐Neto P, Cassidy CM. Normative Values of Neuromelanin‐Sensitive
MRI
Signal in Older Adults Obtained Using a Turbo Spin Echo Sequence. J Magn Reson Imaging 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/jmri.28530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Rami Al Haddad
- The Institute of Mental Health Research University of Ottawa Ottawa Ontario Canada
| | - Mira Chamoun
- McGill University Research Centre for Studies in Aging Montreal Quebec Canada
| | | | - Synthia Guimond
- The Institute of Mental Health Research University of Ottawa Ottawa Ontario Canada
| | - Guillermo Horga
- Department of Psychiatry Columbia University New York City New York USA
| | - Pedro Rosa‐Neto
- McGill University Research Centre for Studies in Aging Montreal Quebec Canada
- Montreal Neurological Institute McGill University Montreal Quebec Canada
| | - Clifford M. Cassidy
- The Institute of Mental Health Research University of Ottawa Ottawa Ontario Canada
- McGill University Research Centre for Studies in Aging Montreal Quebec Canada
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29
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Calarco N, Cassidy CM, Selby B, Hawco C, Voineskos AN, Diniz BS, Nikolova YS. Associations between locus coeruleus integrity and diagnosis, age, and cognitive performance in older adults with and without late-life depression: An exploratory study. Neuroimage Clin 2022; 36:103182. [PMID: 36088841 PMCID: PMC9474922 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2022.103182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Late-life depression (LLD) is a risk factor for age-dependent cognitive deterioration. Norepinephrine-related degeneration in the locus coeruleus (LC) may explain this link. To examine the LC norepinephrine system in vivo, we acquired neuromelanin-sensitive MRI (NM-MRI) in a sample of 48 participants, including 25 with LLD (18 women, age 68.08 ± 5.41) and 23 never-depressed comparison participants (ND, 12 women, age 70 ± 8.02), matched on age and cognitive status. We employed a semi-automated procedure to segment the LC into three bilateral sections along its rostro-caudal extent, and calculated relative contrast as a proxy of integrity. Then, we examined associations between integrity and LLD diagnosis, age, and cognition, as measured via the Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS) and the Delis-Kaplan Executive Function System (D-KEFS). We did not identify an effect of LLD diagnosis nor age on LC integrity, but exploratory canonical correlation analysis across the combined participant sample revealed a strong (Rc = 0.853) and significant multivariate relationship between integrity and cognition (Wilks' λ = 0.03, F(84, 162.44) = 1.66, p = <.01). The first and only significant variate explained 72.83% model variance, and linked better attention and delayed memory performance, faster processing speed, and lower verbal fluency performance with higher integrity in the right rostral but lower integrity in the left caudal LC. Our results complement prior evidence of LC involvement in cognition in healthy older adults, and extend this association to individuals with LLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Navona Calarco
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Clifford M. Cassidy
- The University of Ottawa Institute of Mental Health Research at the Royal, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Ben Selby
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Colin Hawco
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Aristotle N. Voineskos
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, ON, Canada,Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Breno S. Diniz
- UConn Center on Aging, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, USA,Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Connecticut, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Yuliya S. Nikolova
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, ON, Canada,Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada,Corresponding author at: Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), 250 College Street, Toronto, ON M5T 1L8, Canada.
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30
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Tang F, Liu H, Zhang XJ, Zheng HH, Dai YM, Zheng LY, Yang WH, Du YY, Liu J. Evidence for Dopamine Abnormalities Following Acute Methamphetamine Exposure Assessed by Neuromelanin-Sensitive Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:865825. [PMID: 35707702 PMCID: PMC9190254 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.865825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BackgroundNeuromelanin-sensitive magnetic resonance imaging (NM-MRI) is a newly developed MRI technique that provides a non-invasive way to indirectly measure of dopamine (DA) function. This study aimed to determine NM concentrations in brain regions following acute methamphetamine (MA) administration using NM-MRI and to explore whether NM-MRI can be used as a biomarker of DA function in non-neurodegenerative diseases.MethodsBaseline NM-MRI, T1-weighted and T2-weighted images were acquired from 27 rats before drug/placebo injection. The control group (n = 11) received acute placebo (Normal saline), while the experimental group (n = 16) received acute MA. NM-MRI scans were performed 5, 30, 60 and 90 min after injection. Regions of interest (ROIs), including the caudate putamen (CP), nucleus accumbens (NAc), hippocampus (HIP), substantia nigra (SN) and crus cerebri (CC), were manually drawn by an experienced radiologist. NM-MRI signal intensity in five brain regions at different time points (baseline and 5, 30, 60, and 90 min) were analyzed.ResultsIn both the control and experimental groups, at each time point (baseline and 5, 30, 60, and 90 min), the SN exhibited significantly higher NM-MRI signal intensity than the other brain regions (P < 0.05). In addition, acute MA administration resulted in a continuous upward trend in NM-MRI signal intensity in each brain region over time. However, there was no such trend over time in the control group. The NM-MRI signal intensity of SN in the experimental group was significantly higher at the 60 and 90 min compared with that in the control group (P values were 0.042 and 0.042 respectively). Within experimental group, the NM-MRI signal intensity of SN was significantly higher at the 60 and 90 min compared with that before MA administration (P values were 0.023 and 0.011 respectively). Increased amplitudes and rates of NM-MRI signal intensity were higher in the SN than in other brain regions after MA administration.ConclusionOur results indicated that NM was mainly deposited in the SN, and the conversion of DA to NM was most significant in the SN after acute MA exposure. Increased DA release induced by acute MA exposure may lead to increased accumulation of NM in multiple brain regions that can be revealed by NM-MRI. NM-MRI may serve as a powerful imaging tool that could have diverse research and clinical applications for detecting pathological changes in drug addiction and related non-neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Tang
- Department of Radiology, Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hui Liu
- Department of Radiology, Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiao Jie Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hui Hui Zheng
- Department of Radiology, Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yong Ming Dai
- MR Collaboration, Central Research Institute, United Imaging Healthcare, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Yun Zheng
- MR Collaboration, Central Research Institute, United Imaging Healthcare, Shanghai, China
| | - Wen Han Yang
- Department of Radiology, Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yan Yao Du
- Department of Radiology, Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of Radiology, Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
- *Correspondence: Jun Liu,
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31
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Northoff G, Vatansever D, Scalabrini A, Stamatakis EA. Ongoing Brain Activity and Its Role in Cognition: Dual versus Baseline Models. Neuroscientist 2022:10738584221081752. [PMID: 35611670 DOI: 10.1177/10738584221081752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
What is the role of the brain's ongoing activity for cognition? The predominant perspectives associate ongoing brain activity with resting state, the default-mode network (DMN), and internally oriented mentation. This triad is often contrasted with task states, non-DMN brain networks, and externally oriented mentation, together comprising a "dual model" of brain and cognition. In opposition to this duality, however, we propose that ongoing brain activity serves as a neuronal baseline; this builds upon Raichle's original search for the default mode of brain function that extended beyond the canonical default-mode brain regions. That entails what we refer to as the "baseline model." Akin to an internal biological clock for the rest of the organism, the ongoing brain activity may serve as an internal point of reference or standard by providing a shared neural code for the brain's rest as well as task states, including their associated cognition. Such shared neural code is manifest in the spatiotemporal organization of the brain's ongoing activity, including its global signal topography and dynamics like intrinsic neural timescales. We conclude that recent empirical evidence supports a baseline model over the dual model; the ongoing activity provides a global shared neural code that allows integrating the brain's rest and task states, its DMN and non-DMN, and internally and externally oriented cognition.
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32
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Schulz J, Zimmermann J, Sorg C, Menegaux A, Brandl F. Magnetic resonance imaging of the dopamine system in schizophrenia - A scoping review. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:925476. [PMID: 36203848 PMCID: PMC9530597 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.925476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
For decades, aberrant dopamine transmission has been proposed to play a central role in schizophrenia pathophysiology. These theories are supported by human in vivo molecular imaging studies of dopamine transmission, particularly positron emission tomography. However, there are several downsides to such approaches, for example limited spatial resolution or restriction of the measurement to synaptic processes of dopaminergic neurons. To overcome these limitations and to measure complementary aspects of dopamine transmission, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-based approaches investigating the macrostructure, metabolism, and connectivity of dopaminergic nuclei, i.e., substantia nigra pars compacta and ventral tegmental area, can be employed. In this scoping review, we focus on four dopamine MRI methods that have been employed in patients with schizophrenia so far: neuromelanin MRI, which is thought to measure long-term dopamine function in dopaminergic nuclei; morphometric MRI, which is assumed to measure the volume of dopaminergic nuclei; diffusion MRI, which is assumed to measure fiber-based structural connectivity of dopaminergic nuclei; and resting-state blood-oxygenation-level-dependent functional MRI, which is thought to measure functional connectivity of dopaminergic nuclei based on correlated blood oxygenation fluctuations. For each method, we describe the underlying signal, outcome measures, and downsides. We present the current state of research in schizophrenia and compare it to other disorders with either similar (psychotic) symptoms, i.e., bipolar disorder and major depressive disorder, or dopaminergic abnormalities, i.e., substance use disorder and Parkinson's disease. Finally, we discuss overarching issues and outline future research questions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Schulz
- Department of Neuroradiology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,TUM-NIC Neuroimaging Center, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Juliana Zimmermann
- Department of Neuroradiology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,TUM-NIC Neuroimaging Center, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Christian Sorg
- Department of Neuroradiology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,TUM-NIC Neuroimaging Center, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Aurore Menegaux
- Department of Neuroradiology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,TUM-NIC Neuroimaging Center, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Felix Brandl
- Department of Neuroradiology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,TUM-NIC Neuroimaging Center, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
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33
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Song I, Neal J, Lee TH. Age-Related Intrinsic Functional Connectivity Changes of Locus Coeruleus from Childhood to Older Adults. Brain Sci 2021; 11:1485. [PMID: 34827484 PMCID: PMC8615904 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci11111485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Revised: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The locus coeruleus is critical for selective information processing by modulating the brain's connectivity configuration. Increasingly, studies have suggested that LC controls sensory inputs at the sensory gating stage. Furthermore, accumulating evidence has shown that young children and older adults are more prone to distraction and filter out irrelevant information less efficiently, possibly due to the unoptimized LC connectivity. However, the LC connectivity pattern across the life span is not fully examined yet, hampering our ability to understand the relationship between LC development and the distractibility. In this study, we examined the intrinsic network connectivity of the LC using a public fMRI dataset with wide-range age samples. Based on LC-seed functional connectivity maps, we examined the age-related variation in the LC connectivity with a quadratic model. The analyses revealed two connectivity patterns explicitly. The sensory-related brain regions showed a positive quadratic age effect (u-shape), and the frontal regions for the cognitive control showed a negative quadratic age effect (inverted u-shape). Our results imply that such age-related distractibility is possibly due to the impaired sensory gating by the LC and the insufficient top-down controls by the frontal regions. We discuss the underlying neural mechanisms and limitations of our study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inuk Song
- Department of Psychology, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24060, USA; (I.S.); (J.N.)
| | - Joshua Neal
- Department of Psychology, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24060, USA; (I.S.); (J.N.)
| | - Tae-Ho Lee
- Department of Psychology, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24060, USA; (I.S.); (J.N.)
- School of Neuroscience, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24060, USA
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34
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Ueno F, Iwata Y, Nakajima S, Caravaggio F, Rubio JM, Horga G, Cassidy CM, Torres-Carmona E, de Luca V, Tsugawa S, Honda S, Moriguchi S, Noda Y, Gerretsen P, Graff-Guerrero A. Neuromelanin accumulation in patients with schizophrenia: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2021; 132:1205-1213. [PMID: 34718049 PMCID: PMC9059704 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.10.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Although schizophrenia is associated with increased presynaptic dopamine function in the striatum, it remains unclear if neuromelanin levels, which are thought to serve as a biomarker for midbrain dopamine neuron function, are increased in patients with schizophrenia. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and postmortem studies comparing neuromelanin (NM) levels between patients with schizophrenia and healthy controls (HCs). Standard mean differences were calculated to assess group differences in NM accumulation levels between patients with schizophrenia and HCs. This study included 7 articles in total. Five studies employed NM-sensitive MRI (NM-MRI) and two were postmortem brain studies. The patient group (n = 163) showed higher NM levels in the substantia nigra (SN) than HCs (n = 228) in both the analysis of the seven studies and the subgroup analysis of the 5 NM-MRI studies. This analysis suggest increased NM levels in the SN may be a potential biomarker for stratifying schizophrenia, warranting further research that accounts for the heterogeneity of this disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fumihiko Ueno
- Brain Health Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Neuropsychiatry, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yusuke Iwata
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, University of Yamanashi, Faculty of Medicine, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Shinichiro Nakajima
- Brain Health Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Neuropsychiatry, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Fernando Caravaggio
- Brain Health Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jose M Rubio
- Barbara and Donald Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra University - Northwell Health, Hempstead, NY, USA; Institute of Behavioral Science, Feinstein Institutes of Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, USA; Division of Psychiatry Research, Zucker Hillside Hospital, Glen Oaks, NY, USA
| | - Guillermo Horga
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA; Division of Translational Imaging, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - Clifford M Cassidy
- The Royal's Institute of Mental Health Research Affiliated with the University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Edgardo Torres-Carmona
- Brain Health Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Vincenzo de Luca
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, CAMH, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sakiko Tsugawa
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shiori Honda
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sho Moriguchi
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Noda
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Philip Gerretsen
- Brain Health Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, CAMH, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ariel Graff-Guerrero
- Brain Health Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, CAMH, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
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35
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Ishikuro K, Hattori N, Imanishi R, Furuya K, Nakata T, Dougu N, Yamamoto M, Konishi H, Nukui T, Hayashi T, Anada R, Matsuda N, Hirosawa H, Tanaka R, Shibata T, Mori K, Noguchi K, Kuroda S, Nakatsuji Y, Nishijo H. A Parkinson's disease patient displaying increased neuromelanin-sensitive areas in the substantia nigra after rehabilitation with tDCS: a case report. Neurocase 2021; 27:407-414. [PMID: 34503372 DOI: 10.1080/13554794.2021.1975768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies have reported that transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) of the frontal polar area (FPA) ameliorated motor disability in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). Here we report changes in neuromelanin (NM) imaging of dopaminergic neurons before and after rehabilitation combined with anodal tDCS over the FPA for 2 weeks in a PD patient. After the intervention, the patient showed clinically meaningful improvements while the NM-sensitive area in the SN increased by 18.8%. This case study is the first report of NM imaging of the SN in a PD patient who received tDCS.Abbreviations FPA: front polar area; PD: Parkinson's disease; NM: neuromelanin; DCI: DOPA decarboxylase inhibitor; STEF: simple test for evaluating hand function; TUG: timed up and go test; TMT: trail-making test; SN: substantia nigra; NM-MRI: neuromelanin magnetic resonance imaging; MCID: the minimal clinically important difference; SNpc: substantia nigra pars compacta; VTA: ventral tegmental area; LC: locus coeruleus; PFC: prefrontal cortex; M1: primary motor cortex; MDS: Movement Disorder Society; MIBG: 123I-metaiodobenzylguanidine; SBR: specific binding ratio; SPECT: single-photon emission computed tomography; DAT: dopamine transporter; NIBS: noninvasive brain stimulation; tDCS: transcranial direct current stimulation; MAOB: monoamine oxidase B; DCI: decarboxylase inhibitor; repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation: rTMS; diffusion tensor imaging: DTI; arterial spin labeling: ASL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koji Ishikuro
- Department of Rehabilitation, Toyama University Hospital, Toyama, Japan
| | - Noriaki Hattori
- Department of Rehabilitation, Toyama University Hospital, Toyama, Japan
| | - Rieko Imanishi
- Department of Rehabilitation, Toyama University Hospital, Toyama, Japan
| | - Kohta Furuya
- Department of Rehabilitation, Toyama University Hospital, Toyama, Japan
| | - Takeshi Nakata
- Department of Rehabilitation, Toyama University Hospital, Toyama, Japan
| | - Nobuhiro Dougu
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Mamoru Yamamoto
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Konishi
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Takamasa Nukui
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Hayashi
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Ryoko Anada
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Matsuda
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Hirosawa
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Ryo Tanaka
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Takashi Shibata
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, Toyama, Japan
| | - Koichi Mori
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Toyama, Japan
| | - Kyo Noguchi
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Toyama, Japan
| | - Satoshi Kuroda
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, Toyama, Japan
| | - Yuji Nakatsuji
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Hisao Nishijo
- System Emotional Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
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36
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Salzman G, Kim J, Horga G, Wengler K. Standardized Data Acquisition for Neuromelanin-sensitive Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Substantia Nigra. J Vis Exp 2021:10.3791/62493. [PMID: 34570093 PMCID: PMC9124347 DOI: 10.3791/62493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The dopaminergic system plays a crucial role in healthy cognition (e.g., reward learning and uncertainty) and neuropsychiatric disorders (e.g., Parkinson's disease and schizophrenia). Neuromelanin is a byproduct of dopamine synthesis that accumulates in dopaminergic neurons of the substantia nigra. Neuromelanin-sensitive magnetic resonance imaging (NM-MRI) is a noninvasive method for measuring neuromelanin in those dopaminergic neurons, providing a direct measure of dopaminergic cell loss in the substantia nigra and a proxy measure of dopamine function. Although NM-MRI has been shown to be useful for studying various neuropsychiatric disorders, it is challenged by a limited field-of-view in the inferior-superior direction resulting in the potential loss of data from the accidental exclusion of part of the substantia nigra. In addition, the field is lacking a standardized protocol for the acquisition of NM-MRI data, a critical step in facilitating large-scale multisite studies and translation into the clinic. This protocol describes a step-by-step NM-MRI volume placement procedure and online quality control checks to ensure the acquisition of good-quality data covering the entire substantia nigra.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Guillermo Horga
- New York State Psychiatric Institute; Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University;
| | - Kenneth Wengler
- New York State Psychiatric Institute; Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University;
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Wengler K, Ashinoff BK, Pueraro E, Cassidy CM, Horga G, Rutherford BR. Association between neuromelanin-sensitive MRI signal and psychomotor slowing in late-life depression. Neuropsychopharmacology 2021; 46:1233-1239. [PMID: 32919398 PMCID: PMC8134510 DOI: 10.1038/s41386-020-00860-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Revised: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Late-life depression (LLD) is a prevalent and disabling condition in older adults that is often accompanied by slowed processing and gait speed. These symptoms are related to impaired dopamine function and sometimes remedied by levodopa (L-DOPA). In this study, we recruited 33 older adults with LLD to determine the association between a proxy measure of dopamine function-neuromelanin-sensitive magnetic resonance imaging (NM-MRI)-and baseline slowing measured by the Digit Symbol test and a gait speed paradigm. In secondary analyses, we also assessed the ability of NM-MRI to predict L-DOPA treatment response in a subset of these patients (N = 15) who received 3 weeks of L-DOPA. We scanned a further subset of these patients (N = 6) with NM-MRI at baseline and after treatment to preliminarily evaluate the effects of L-DOPA treatment on the NM-MRI signal. We found that lower baseline NM-MRI correlated with slower baseline gait speed (346 of 1807 substantia nigra-ventral tegmental area (SN-VTA) voxels, Pcorrected = 0.038), particularly in the more medial, anterior, and dorsal SN-VTA. Secondary analyses failed to show an association between baseline NM-MRI and treatment-related changes in gait speed, processing speed, or depression severity (all Pcorrected > 0.361); we however found preliminary evidence of increases in the NM-MRI signal 3 weeks post-treatment with L-DOPA compared to baseline (200 of 1807 SN-VTA voxels; Pcorrected = 0.046), although the small sample size of these preliminary analyses warrants caution in their interpretation and future replications. Overall, our findings indicate that NM-MRI is sensitive to variability in gait speed in patients with LLD, suggesting this non-invasive MRI measure may provide a promising marker for dopamine-related psychomotor slowing in geriatric neuropsychiatry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth Wengler
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - Brandon K Ashinoff
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - Elena Pueraro
- New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - Clifford M Cassidy
- The University of Ottawa's Institute of Mental Health Research, affiliated with the Royal, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Guillermo Horga
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
- New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Bret R Rutherford
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
- New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA.
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38
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Imaging of the dopamine system with focus on pharmacological MRI and neuromelanin imaging. Eur J Radiol 2021; 140:109752. [PMID: 34004428 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2021.109752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Revised: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The dopamine system in the brain is involved in a variety of neurologic and psychiatric disorders, such as Parkinson's disease, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and psychosis. Different aspects of the dopamine system can be visualized and measured with positron emission tomography (PET) and single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT), including dopamine receptors, dopamine transporters, and dopamine release. New developments in MR imaging also provide proxy measures of the dopamine system in the brain, offering alternatives with the advantages MR imaging, i.e. no radiation, lower costs, usually less invasive and time consuming. This review will give an overview of these developments with a focus on the most developed techniques: pharmacological MRI (phMRI) and neuromelanin sensitive MRI (NM-MRI). PhMRI is a collective term for functional MRI techniques that administer a pharmacological challenge to assess its effects on brain hemodynamics. By doing so, it indirectly assesses brain neurotransmitter function such as dopamine function. NM-MRI is an upcoming MRI technique that enables in vivo visualization and semi-quantification of neuromelanin in the substantia nigra. Neuromelanin is located in the cell bodies of dopaminergic neurons of the nigrostriatal pathway and can be used as a proxy measure for long term dopamine function or degeneration of dopaminergic neurons. Both techniques are still primarily used in clinical research, but there is promise for clinical application, in particular for NM-MRI in dopaminergic neurodegenerative diseases like Parkinson's disease.
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Wengler K, Cassidy C, van der Pluijm M, Weinstein JJ, Abi-Dargham A, van de Giessen E, Horga G. Cross-Scanner Harmonization of Neuromelanin-Sensitive MRI for Multisite Studies. J Magn Reson Imaging 2021; 54:1189-1199. [PMID: 33960063 DOI: 10.1002/jmri.27679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neuromelanin-sensitive magnetic resonance imaging (NM-MRI) is a validated measure of neuromelanin concentration in the substantia nigra-ventral tegmental area (SN-VTA) complex and is a proxy measure of dopaminergic function with potential as a noninvasive biomarker. The development of generalizable biomarkers requires large-scale samples necessitating harmonization approaches to combine data collected across sites. PURPOSE To develop a method to harmonize NM-MRI across scanners and sites. STUDY TYPE Prospective. POPULATION A total of 128 healthy subjects (18-73 years old; 45% female) from three sites and five MRI scanners. FIELD STRENGTH/SEQUENCE 3.0 T; NM-MRI two-dimensional gradient-recalled echo with magnetization-transfer pulse and three-dimensional T1-weighted images. ASSESSMENT NM-MRI contrast (contrast-to-noise ratio [CNR]) maps were calculated and CNR values within the SN-VTA (defined previously by manual tracing on a standardized NM-MRI template) were determined before harmonization (raw CNR) and after ComBat harmonization (harmonized CNR). Scanner differences were assessed by calculating the classification accuracy of a support vector machine (SVM). To assess the effect of harmonization on biological variability, support vector regression (SVR) was used to predict age and the difference in goodness-of-fit (Δr) was calculated as the correlation (between actual and predicted ages) for the harmonized CNR minus the correlation for the raw CNR. STATISTICAL TESTS Permutation tests were used to determine if SVM classification accuracy was above chance level and if SVR Δr was significant. A P-value <0.05 was considered significant. RESULTS In the raw CNR, SVM MRI scanner classification was above chance level (accuracy = 86.5%). In the harmonized CNR, the accuracy of the SVM was at chance level (accuracy = 29.5%; P = 0.8542). There was no significant difference in age prediction using the raw or harmonized CNR (Δr = -0.06; P = 0.7304). DATA CONCLUSION ComBat harmonization removes differences in SN-VTA CNR across scanners while preserving biologically meaningful variability associated with age. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE 2 TECHNICAL EFFICACY: 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth Wengler
- Department of Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute, Columbia University, New York, USA
| | - Clifford Cassidy
- University of Ottawa Institute of Mental Health Research, affiliated with The Royal, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Marieke van der Pluijm
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jodi J Weinstein
- Department of Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute, Columbia University, New York, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - Anissa Abi-Dargham
- Department of Psychiatry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - Elsmarieke van de Giessen
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Guillermo Horga
- Department of Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute, Columbia University, New York, USA
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Sung YH, Noh Y, Kim EY. Early-stage Parkinson's disease: Abnormal nigrosome 1 and 2 revealed by a voxelwise analysis of neuromelanin-sensitive MRI. Hum Brain Mapp 2021; 42:2823-2832. [PMID: 33751680 PMCID: PMC8127157 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.25406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Revised: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous pathologic studies evaluated the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) of a limited number of idiopathic Parkinson's disease (IPD) patients with relatively longer disease durations. Therefore, it remains unknown which region of the SNpc is most significantly affected in early‐stage IPD. We hypothesized that a voxelwise analysis of thin‐section neuromelanin‐sensitive MRI (NM‐MRI) may help determine the significantly affected regions of the SNpc in early‐stage IPD and localize these areas in each nigrosome on high‐spatial‐resolution susceptibility map‐weighted imaging (SMwI). Ninety‐six healthy subjects and 50 early‐stage IPD patients underwent both a 0.8 × 0.8 × 0.8 mm3 NM‐MRI and a 0.5 × 0.5 × 1.0 mm3 multi‐echo gradient‐recalled echo imaging for SMwI. Both NM‐MRI and SMwI templates were created by using image data from the 96 healthy subjects. Permutation‐based nonparametric tests were conducted to investigate spatial differences between the two groups in NM‐MRI, and the results were displayed on both NM‐MRI and SMwI templates. The posterolateral and anteromedial regions of the SNpc in NM‐MRI were significantly different between the two groups, corresponding to the nigrosome 1 and nigrosome 2 regions, respectively, on the SMwI template. There were the areas of significant spatial difference in the hypointense SN on SMwI between early‐stage IPD patients and healthy subjects. These areas on SMwI were slightly greater than those on NM‐MRI, including the areas showing group difference on NM‐MRI. Our voxelwise analysis of NM‐MRI suggests that two regions (nigrosome 1 and nigrosome 2) of the SNpc are separately affected in early‐stage IPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Hee Sung
- Department of Neurology, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Noh
- Department of Neurology, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Eung Yeop Kim
- Department of Radiology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Wieland L, Fromm S, Hetzer S, Schlagenhauf F, Kaminski J. Neuromelanin-Sensitive Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Schizophrenia: A Meta-Analysis of Case-Control Studies. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:770282. [PMID: 34777070 PMCID: PMC8581671 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.770282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Psychiatry is in urgent need of reliable biomarkers. Novel neuromelanin-sensitive magnetic resonance imaging (NM-MRI) sequences provide a time-efficient and non-invasive way to investigate the human brain in-vivo. This gives insight into the metabolites of dopaminergic signaling and may provide further evidence for potential dopaminergic alterations in patients with schizophrenia (SCZ). The present systematic review provides a meta-analysis of case-control studies using neuromelanin-sensitive sequences in SCZ vs. healthy controls (HC). Methods: According to predefined search terms and inclusion criteria studies were extracted on PubMed. Meta-analyses with a fixed and random-effects model with inverse variance method, DerSimonian-Laird estimator for τ2, and Cohen's d were calculated. Bias was assessed using funnel plots. The primary study outcome was contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) in the substantia nigra compared between HC and SCZ. Results: The total sample of k = 6 studies included n = 183 cases and n = 162 controls. Across all studies we found a significant elevation of CNR in the substantia nigra (d = 0.42 [0.187; 0.655], z = 3.521, p < 0.001) in cases compared to controls. We found no significant difference in the control region of locus coeruleus (d = -0.07 [-0.446; 0.302], z = -0.192, p = 0.847), with CNR for the latter only reported in k = 3 studies. Conclusion: CNR in the substantia nigra were significantly elevated in cases compared to controls. Our results support neuromelanin as a candidate biomarker for dopaminergic dysfunction in schizophrenia. Further studies need to assess this candidate marker in large, longitudinal cohorts and address potential effects of disease state, medication and correlations with symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara Wieland
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy Charité Campus Mitte, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy Charité Campus Mitte, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Einstein Center for Neurosciences Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sophie Fromm
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy Charité Campus Mitte, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy Charité Campus Mitte, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Einstein Center for Neurosciences Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Stefan Hetzer
- Berlin Center for Advanced Neuroimaging, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Florian Schlagenhauf
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy Charité Campus Mitte, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jakob Kaminski
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy Charité Campus Mitte, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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van der Pluijm M, Cassidy C, Zandstra M, Wallert E, de Bruin K, Booij J, de Haan L, Horga G, van de Giessen E. Reliability and Reproducibility of Neuromelanin-Sensitive Imaging of the Substantia Nigra: A Comparison of Three Different Sequences. J Magn Reson Imaging 2020; 53:712-721. [PMID: 33037730 PMCID: PMC7891576 DOI: 10.1002/jmri.27384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neuromelanin-sensitive MRI (NM-MRI) of the substantia nigra provides a noninvasive way to acquire an indirect measure of dopamine functioning. Despite the potential of NM-MRI as a candidate biomarker for dopaminergic pathology, studies about its reproducibility are sparse. PURPOSE To assess the test-retest reproducibility of three commonly used NM-MRI sequences and evaluate three analysis methods. STUDY TYPE Prospective study. POPULATION A total of 11 healthy participants age between 20-27 years. FIELD STRENGTH/SEQUENCE 3.0T; NM-MRI gradient recalled echo (GRE) with magnetization transfer (MT) pulse; NM-MRI turbo spin echo (TSE) with MT pulse; NM-MRI TSE without MT pulse. ASSESSMENT Participants were scanned twice with a 3-week interval. Manual analysis, threshold analysis, and voxelwise analysis were performed for volume and contrast ratio (CR) measurements. STATISTICAL TESTS Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) were calculated for test-retest and inter- and intrarater variability. RESULTS The GRE sequence achieved the highest contrast and lowest variability (4.9-5.7%) and showed substantial to almost perfect test-retest ICC (0.72-0.90) for CR measurements. For volume measurements, the manual analysis showed a higher variability (10.7-17.9%) and scored lower test-retest ICCs (-0.13-0.73) than the other analysis methods. The threshold analysis showed higher test-retest ICC (0.77) than the manual analysis for the volume measurements. DATA CONCLUSION NM-MRI is a highly reproducible measure, especially when using the GRE sequence and CR measurements. Volume measurements appear to be more sensitive to inter/intrarater variability and variability in placement and orientation of the NM-MRI slab. The threshold analysis appears to be the best alternative for volume analysis. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE 2 TECHNICAL EFFICACY STAGE: 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marieke van der Pluijm
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Clifford Cassidy
- University of Ottawa Institute of Mental Health Research, affiliated with The Royal, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Melissa Zandstra
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Elon Wallert
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Kora de Bruin
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jan Booij
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Lieuwe de Haan
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Guillermo Horga
- Department of Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Elsmarieke van de Giessen
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Changes of central noradrenaline transporter availability in immunotherapy-naïve multiple sclerosis patients. Sci Rep 2020; 10:14651. [PMID: 32887904 PMCID: PMC7474089 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-70732-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The neurotransmitter noradrenaline (NA) mediates arousal, attention and mood, and exerts anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects. Alterations of monoamine signalling were reported in multiple sclerosis (MS) and psychiatric illness and may account for the high prevalence of comorbid depression and fatigue in MS patients. We assessed central noradrenaline transporter (NAT) availability using positron emission tomography (PET) and the NAT selective radiotracer S,S-[11C]O-methylreboxetine in immunotherapy-naïve patients with relapsing–remitting MS (RRMS; n = 11) compared to healthy controls (HC; n = 12), and its association to lesion load, time since manifestation, the expanded disability status scale (EDSS), the fatigue scale Würzburger Erschöpfungsinventar bei MS (WEIMuS) and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). We found NAT availability to be increased in the thalamus, amygdala, putamen and pons/midbrain of MS patients. No relation to clinical or psychometric variables was found. These first data indicate higher NAT availability in subcortical brain regions of immunotherapy-naïve RRMS patients. If these changes of noradrenergic neurotransmission predispose to psychiatric symptoms or associate with disease activity needs to be investigated in longitudinal studies or a larger sample which allows subgroup analyses.
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Optimizing neuromelanin contrast in the substantia nigra and locus coeruleus using a magnetization transfer contrast prepared 3D gradient recalled echo sequence. Neuroimage 2020; 218:116935. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2020.116935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2020] [Revised: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
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Martel JC, Gatti McArthur S. Dopamine Receptor Subtypes, Physiology and Pharmacology: New Ligands and Concepts in Schizophrenia. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:1003. [PMID: 32765257 PMCID: PMC7379027 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.01003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Dopamine receptors are widely distributed within the brain where they play critical modulator roles on motor functions, motivation and drive, as well as cognition. The identification of five genes coding for different dopamine receptor subtypes, pharmacologically grouped as D1- (D1 and D5) or D2-like (D2S, D2L, D3, and D4) has allowed the demonstration of differential receptor function in specific neurocircuits. Recent observation on dopamine receptor signaling point at dopamine-glutamate-NMDA neurobiology as the most relevant in schizophrenia and for the development of new therapies. Progress in the chemistry of D1- and D2-like receptor ligands (agonists, antagonists, and partial agonists) has provided more selective compounds possibly able to target the dopamine receptors homo and heterodimers and address different schizophrenia symptoms. Moreover, an extensive evaluation of the functional effect of these agents on dopamine receptor coupling and intracellular signaling highlights important differences that could also result in highly differentiated clinical pharmacology. The review summarizes the recent advances in the field, addressing the relevance of emerging new targets in schizophrenia in particular in relation to the dopamine - glutamate NMDA systems interactions.
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