1
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Yamada A, Ling J, Yamada AI, Furue H, Gu JG. ASICs mediate fast excitatory synaptic transmission for tactile discrimination. Neuron 2024; 112:1286-1301.e8. [PMID: 38359825 PMCID: PMC11031316 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2024.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
Tactile discrimination, the ability to differentiate objects' physical properties such as texture, shape, and edges, is essential for environmental exploration, social interaction, and early childhood development. This ability heavily relies on Merkel cell-neurite complexes (MNCs), the tactile end-organs enriched in the fingertips of humans and the whisker hair follicles of non-primate mammals. Although recent studies have advanced our knowledge on mechanical transduction in MNCs, it remains unknown how tactile signals are encoded at MNCs. Here, using rodent whisker hair follicles, we show that tactile signals are encoded at MNCs as fast excitatory synaptic transmission. This synaptic transmission is mediated by acid-sensing ion channels (ASICs) located on the neurites of MNCs, with protons as the principal transmitters. Pharmacological inhibition or genetic deletion of ASICs diminishes the tactile encoding at MNCs and impairs tactile discrimination in animals. Together, ASICs are required for tactile encoding at MNCs to enable tactile discrimination in mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akihiro Yamada
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Jennifer Ling
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Ayaka I Yamada
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Hidemasa Furue
- Department of Neurophysiology, Hyogo Medical University, Nishinomiya 663-8501, Japan
| | - Jianguo G Gu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA; Department of Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.
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2
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Robb KA, Perry SD. The topographical attenuation of cutaneous input is modulated at the ankle joint during gait. Exp Brain Res 2024; 242:149-161. [PMID: 37979067 DOI: 10.1007/s00221-023-06737-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
The attenuation of sensory inputs via various methods has been demonstrated to impair balance control and alter locomotor behavior during human walking; however, the effects of attenuating foot sole sensation under distinct areas of the foot sole on lower extremity motor output remains poorly understood. Thus, the purpose of this study was to attenuate cutaneous feedback via regional hypothermia under five different areas of the foot sole and investigate the resultant modulation of kinematic and muscle activity during level walking. Electromyography from eight lower leg muscles, kinematics, and location of center of pressure was recorded from 48 healthy young adults completing walking trials with normal and reduced cutaneous sensation from bilateral foot soles. The results of this study highlight the modulatory response of the tibialis anterior in terminal stance (propulsion and toe-off) and medial gastrocnemius muscle throughout the entire stance phase of gait. The topographical organization of foot sole skin in response to the attenuation of cutaneous feedback from different areas of the foot sole significantly modified locomotor activity. Furthermore, the locomotor response to cutaneous attenuation under the same regions that we previously facilitated with tactile feedback do not oppose each other, suggesting different physiological changes to foot sole skin generate unique gait behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly A Robb
- Department of Kinesiology and Physical Education, Faculty of Science, Wilfrid Laurier University, 75 University Ave. West, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3C5, Canada.
| | - Stephen D Perry
- Department of Kinesiology and Physical Education, Faculty of Science, Wilfrid Laurier University, 75 University Ave. West, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3C5, Canada
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3
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Ros-Rocher N, Brunet T. What is it like to be a choanoflagellate? Sensation, processing and behavior in the closest unicellular relatives of animals. Anim Cogn 2023; 26:1767-1782. [PMID: 37067637 PMCID: PMC10770216 DOI: 10.1007/s10071-023-01776-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2023]
Abstract
All animals evolved from a single lineage of unicellular precursors more than 600 million years ago. Thus, the biological and genetic foundations for animal sensation, cognition and behavior must necessarily have arisen by modifications of pre-existing features in their unicellular ancestors. Given that the single-celled ancestors of the animal kingdom are extinct, the only way to reconstruct how these features evolved is by comparing the biology and genomic content of extant animals to their closest living relatives. Here, we reconstruct the Umwelt (the subjective, perceptive world) inhabited by choanoflagellates, a group of unicellular (or facultatively multicellular) aquatic microeukaryotes that are the closest living relatives of animals. Although behavioral research on choanoflagellates remains patchy, existing evidence shows that they are capable of chemosensation, photosensation and mechanosensation. These processes often involve specialized sensorimotor cellular appendages (cilia, microvilli, and/or filopodia) that resemble those that underlie perception in most animal sensory cells. Furthermore, comparative genomics predicts an extensive "sensory molecular toolkit" in choanoflagellates, which both provides a potential basis for known behaviors and suggests the existence of a largely undescribed behavioral complexity that presents exciting avenues for future research. Finally, we discuss how facultative multicellularity in choanoflagellates might help us understand how evolution displaced the locus of decision-making from a single cell to a collective, and how a new space of behavioral complexity might have become accessible in the process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Núria Ros-Rocher
- Evolutionary Cell Biology and Evolution of Morphogenesis Unit, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris-Cité, CNRS UMR3691, 25-28 Rue du Docteur Roux, 75015, Paris, France
| | - Thibaut Brunet
- Evolutionary Cell Biology and Evolution of Morphogenesis Unit, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris-Cité, CNRS UMR3691, 25-28 Rue du Docteur Roux, 75015, Paris, France.
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4
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Sekita A, Kawasaki H, Fukushima-Nomura A, Yashiro K, Tanese K, Toshima S, Ashizaki K, Miyai T, Yazaki J, Kobayashi A, Namba S, Naito T, Wang QS, Kawakami E, Seita J, Ohara O, Sakurada K, Okada Y, Amagai M, Koseki H. Multifaceted analysis of cross-tissue transcriptomes reveals phenotype-endotype associations in atopic dermatitis. Nat Commun 2023; 14:6133. [PMID: 37783685 PMCID: PMC10545679 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-41857-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a skin disease that is heterogeneous both in terms of clinical manifestations and molecular profiles. It is increasingly recognized that AD is a systemic rather than a local disease and should be assessed in the context of whole-body pathophysiology. Here we show, via integrated RNA-sequencing of skin tissue and peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) samples along with clinical data from 115 AD patients and 14 matched healthy controls, that specific clinical presentations associate with matching differential molecular signatures. We establish a regression model based on transcriptome modules identified in weighted gene co-expression network analysis to extract molecular features associated with detailed clinical phenotypes of AD. The two main, qualitatively differential skin manifestations of AD, erythema and papulation are distinguished by differential immunological signatures. We further apply the regression model to a longitudinal dataset of 30 AD patients for personalized monitoring, highlighting patient heterogeneity in disease trajectories. The longitudinal features of blood tests and PBMC transcriptome modules identify three patient clusters which are aligned with clinical severity and reflect treatment history. Our approach thus serves as a framework for effective clinical investigation to gain a holistic view on the pathophysiology of complex human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aiko Sekita
- RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
- Department of Dermatology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kawasaki
- RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
- Department of Dermatology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Kiyoshi Yashiro
- Department of Dermatology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keiji Tanese
- Department of Dermatology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Susumu Toshima
- RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
- Department of Dermatology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Koichi Ashizaki
- RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
- Department of Dermatology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Advanced Data Science Project, RIKEN Information R&D and Strategy Headquarters, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Miyai
- RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
- Department of Dermatology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Junshi Yazaki
- RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Atsuo Kobayashi
- RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Shinichi Namba
- Department of Statistical Genetics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
- Department of Genome Informatics, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tatsuhiko Naito
- Department of Statistical Genetics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Qingbo S Wang
- RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
- Department of Statistical Genetics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
- Department of Genome Informatics, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Eiryo Kawakami
- Advanced Data Science Project, RIKEN Information R&D and Strategy Headquarters, Tokyo, Japan
- Artificial Intelligence Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Jun Seita
- RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
- Advanced Data Science Project, RIKEN Information R&D and Strategy Headquarters, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Kazuhiro Sakurada
- Advanced Data Science Project, RIKEN Information R&D and Strategy Headquarters, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Extended Intelligence for Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yukinori Okada
- RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan.
- Department of Statistical Genetics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.
- Department of Genome Informatics, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Masayuki Amagai
- RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan.
- Department of Dermatology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Haruhiko Koseki
- RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan.
- Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Advanced Research Departments, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan.
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5
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Hassan N, Krieg T, Zinser M, Schröder K, Kröger N. An Overview of Scaffolds and Biomaterials for Skin Expansion and Soft Tissue Regeneration: Insights on Zinc and Magnesium as New Potential Key Elements. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:3854. [PMID: 37835903 PMCID: PMC10575381 DOI: 10.3390/polym15193854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The utilization of materials in medical implants, serving as substitutes for non-functional biological structures, supporting damaged tissues, or reinforcing active organs, holds significant importance in modern healthcare, positively impacting the quality of life for millions of individuals worldwide. However, certain implants may only be required temporarily to aid in the healing process of diseased or injured tissues and tissue expansion. Biodegradable metals, including zinc (Zn), magnesium (Mg), iron, and others, present a new paradigm in the realm of implant materials. Ongoing research focuses on developing optimized materials that meet medical standards, encompassing controllable corrosion rates, sustained mechanical stability, and favorable biocompatibility. Achieving these objectives involves refining alloy compositions and tailoring processing techniques to carefully control microstructures and mechanical properties. Among the materials under investigation, Mg- and Zn-based biodegradable materials and their alloys demonstrate the ability to provide necessary support during tissue regeneration while gradually degrading over time. Furthermore, as essential elements in the human body, Mg and Zn offer additional benefits, including promoting wound healing, facilitating cell growth, and participating in gene generation while interacting with various vital biological functions. This review provides an overview of the physiological function and significance for human health of Mg and Zn and their usage as implants in tissue regeneration using tissue scaffolds. The scaffold qualities, such as biodegradation, mechanical characteristics, and biocompatibility, are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nourhan Hassan
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, Kerpener Str. 62, 50937 Cologne, Germany
- Biotechnology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt
| | - Thomas Krieg
- Translational Matrix Biology, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, 50923 Cologne, Germany
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, 50923 Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine (CMMC), University of Cologne, 50923 Cologne, Germany
| | - Max Zinser
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, Kerpener Str. 62, 50937 Cologne, Germany
- Department for Oral and Craniomaxillofacial and Plastic Surgery, University of Cologne, Kerpener Strasse 62, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Kai Schröder
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, Kerpener Str. 62, 50937 Cologne, Germany
| | - Nadja Kröger
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, Kerpener Str. 62, 50937 Cologne, Germany
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6
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Wang K, Cai B, Song Y, Chen Y, Zhang X. Somatosensory neuron types and their neural networks as revealed via single-cell transcriptomics. Trends Neurosci 2023:S0166-2236(23)00130-3. [PMID: 37268541 DOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2023.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) has allowed profiling cell types of the dorsal root ganglia (DRG) and their transcriptional states in physiology and chronic pain. However, the evaluation criteria used in previous studies to classify DRG neurons varied, which presents difficulties in determining the various types of DRG neurons. In this review, we aim to integrate findings from previous transcriptomic studies of the DRG. We first briefly introduce the history of DRG-neuron cell-type profiling, and discuss the advantages and disadvantages of different scRNA-seq methods. We then examine the classification of DRG neurons based on single-cell profiling under physiological and pathological conditions. Finally, we propose further studies on the somatosensory system at the molecular, cellular, and neural network levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaikai Wang
- Guangdong Institute of Intelligence Science and Technology, Hengqin 519031, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China; Research Unit of Pain Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Hengqin, Zhuhai, China
| | - Bing Cai
- Guangdong Institute of Intelligence Science and Technology, Hengqin 519031, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China; Research Unit of Pain Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Hengqin, Zhuhai, China
| | - Yurang Song
- Guangdong Institute of Intelligence Science and Technology, Hengqin 519031, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China; Research Unit of Pain Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Hengqin, Zhuhai, China
| | - Yan Chen
- Guangdong Institute of Intelligence Science and Technology, Hengqin 519031, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China; Research Unit of Pain Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Hengqin, Zhuhai, China; Xuhui Central Hospital, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- Guangdong Institute of Intelligence Science and Technology, Hengqin 519031, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China; SIMR Joint Lab of Drug Innovation, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201210, China; Research Unit of Pain Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Hengqin, Zhuhai, China; Xuhui Central Hospital, Shanghai, 200031, China.
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7
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Cui Y, Gollasch M, Kassmann M. Arterial myogenic response and aging. Ageing Res Rev 2023; 84:101813. [PMID: 36470339 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2022.101813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The arterial myogenic response is an inherent property of resistance arteries. Myogenic tone is crucial for maintaining a relatively constant blood flow in response to changes in intraluminal pressure and protects delicate organs from excessive blood flow. Although this fundamental physiological phenomenon has been extensively studied, the underlying molecular mechanisms are largely unknown. Recent studies identified a crucial role of mechano-activated angiotensin II type 1 receptors (AT1R) in this process. The development of myogenic response is affected by aging. In this review, we summarize recent progress made to understand the role of AT1R and other mechanosensors in the control of arterial myogenic response. We discuss age-related alterations in myogenic response and possible underlying mechanisms and implications for healthy aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingqiu Cui
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Experimental and Clinical Research Center (ECRC), a joint cooperation between the Charité Medical Faculty and the Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC), Lindenberger Weg 80, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Maik Gollasch
- Department of Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, University Medicine Greifswald, Felix-Hausdorff-Straße 3, 17487 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Mario Kassmann
- Department of Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, University Medicine Greifswald, Felix-Hausdorff-Straße 3, 17487 Greifswald, Germany.
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8
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Sukharev S, Anishkin A. Mechanosensitive Channels: History, Diversity, and Mechanisms. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW), SUPPLEMENT SERIES A: MEMBRANE AND CELL BIOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s1990747822090021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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9
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The T-type calcium channel Ca V 3.2 regulates bladder afferent responses to mechanical stimuli. Pain 2022; 164:1012-1026. [PMID: 36279179 PMCID: PMC10108591 DOI: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000002795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT The bladder wall is innervated by a complex network of afferent nerves that detect bladder stretch during filling. Sensory signals, generated in response to distension, are relayed to the spinal cord and brain to evoke physiological and painful sensations and regulate urine storage and voiding. Hyperexcitability of these sensory pathways is a key component in the development of chronic bladder hypersensitivity disorders including interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome and overactive bladder syndrome. Despite this, the full array of ion channels that regulate bladder afferent responses to mechanical stimuli have yet to be determined. Here, we investigated the role of low-voltage-activated T-type calcium (Ca V 3) channels in regulating bladder afferent responses to distension. Using single-cell reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction and immunofluorescence, we revealed ubiquitous expression of Ca V 3.2, but not Ca V 3.1 or Ca V 3.3, in individual bladder-innervating dorsal root ganglia neurons. Pharmacological inhibition of Ca V 3.2 with TTA-A2 and ABT-639, selective blockers of T-type calcium channels, dose-dependently attenuated ex-vivo bladder afferent responses to distension in the absence of changes to muscle compliance. Further evaluation revealed that Ca V 3.2 blockers significantly inhibited both low- and high-threshold afferents, decreasing peak responses to distension, and delayed activation thresholds, thereby attenuating bladder afferent responses to both physiological and noxious distension. Nocifensive visceromotor responses to noxious bladder distension in vivo were also significantly reduced by inhibition of Ca V 3 with TTA-A2. Together, these data provide evidence of a major role for Ca V 3.2 in regulating bladder afferent responses to bladder distension and nociceptive signalling to the spinal cord.
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10
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Tao L, Coakley S, Shi R, Shen K. Dendrites use mechanosensitive channels to proofread ligand-mediated neurite extension during morphogenesis. Dev Cell 2022; 57:1615-1629.e3. [PMID: 35709764 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2022.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Revised: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Ligand-receptor interactions guide axon navigation and dendrite arborization. Mechanical forces also influence guidance choices. However, the nature of such mechanical stimulations, the mechanosensor identity, and how they interact with guidance receptors are unknown. Here, we demonstrate that mechanosensitive DEG/ENaC channels are required for dendritic arbor morphogenesis in Caenorhabditis elegans. Inhibition of DEG/ENaC channels causes reduced dendritic outgrowth and branching in vivo, a phenotype that is alleviated by overexpression of the mechanosensitive channels PEZO-1/Piezo or YVC1/TrpY1. DEG/ENaCs trigger local Ca2+ transients in growing dendritic filopodia via activation of L-type voltage-gated Ca2+ channels. Anchoring of filopodia by dendrite ligand-receptor complexes is required for the mechanical activation of DEG/ENaC channels. Therefore, mechanosensitive channels serve as a checkpoint for appropriate chemoaffinity by activating Ca2+ transients required for neurite growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Tao
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Sean Coakley
- Clem Jones Centre for Ageing Dementia Research, Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Rebecca Shi
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA; Neurosciences IDP, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Kang Shen
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
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11
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Lu Y, Stec DE, Liu R, Ryan M, Drummond HA. βENaC and ASIC2 associate in VSMCs to mediate pressure-induced constriction in the renal afferent arteriole. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2022; 322:F498-F511. [PMID: 35285274 PMCID: PMC8977180 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00003.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
In independent studies, our laboratory has shown the importance of the degenerin proteins β-epithelial Na+ channel (βENaC) and acid-sensing ion channel 2 (ASIC2) in pressure-induced constriction (PIC) in renal interlobar arteries. Most, but not all, of the PIC response is abolished in mice lacking normal levels of βENaC or in ASIC2-null mice, indicating that the functions of βENaC and ASIC2 cannot fully compensate for the loss of the other. Degenerin proteins are known to associate and form heteromeric channels in expression systems, but whether they interact biochemically and functionally in vascular smooth muscle cells is unknown. We hypothesized that βENaC and ASIC2 interact to mediate PIC responses in renal vessels. To address this possibility, we 1) used biochemical approaches to show that βENaC associates into high-molecular-weight complexes and immunoprecipitants with ASIC2 in vascular smooth muscle cells and then 2) examined PIC in renal afferent arterioles in mice lacking normal levels of βENaC (βENaCm/m) or/and ASIC2 (ASIC2-/-) using the isolated afferent arteriole-attached glomerulus preparation. We found that the sensitivity of the PIC response (slope of the relationship between intraluminal pressure and percent myogenic tone) decreased to 26%, 27%, and -8% of wild-type controls in ASIC2-/-, βENaCm/m, and ASIC2-/-/βENaCm/m groups, respectively, suggesting that the PIC response was totally abolished in mice deficient in both ASIC2 and βENaC. Surprisingly, we found that resting internal diameters were 20-30% lower (60 mmHg, Ca2+ free) in ASIC2-/-/βENaCm/m (11.3 ± 0.5 µm) mice compared with control (14.4 ± 0.6 µm, P = 0.0007, independent two-tailed t test) or singly modified (15.7 ± 1.0 to 16.3 ± 1.1 µm) mice, suggesting compensatory vasoconstriction or remodeling. We then examined mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) using radiotelemetry and glomerular injury using histological examination of renal sections. We found that 24-h MAP was mildly elevated (+8 mmHg) in ASIC2-/-/βENaCm/m mice versus wild-type controls and the glomerular injury score was modestly increased by 38%. These findings demonstrate that myogenic constriction in afferent arterioles is dependent on normal expression of βENaC and ASIC2 and that mice lacking normal levels of ASIC2 and βENaC have mild renal injury and increased MAP.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Transmission of systemic blood pressure to delicate renal microvessels is a primary determinant of vascular injury in chronic kidney disease progression to end-stage renal disease. Here, we identified two degenerin family members, with an evolutionary link to mechanosensing, that interact biochemically and functionally to regulate systemic blood pressure and renal injury. Thus, degenerin proteins may serve as a target for the development of therapies to prevent or delay renal disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Lu
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - David E Stec
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics and the Center for Excellence in Cardiovascular Renal Research, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi
| | - Ruisheng Liu
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, University of South Florida, College of Medicine, Tampa, Florida
| | - Michael Ryan
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology and Neuroscience, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, South Carolina
| | - Heather A Drummond
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics and the Center for Excellence in Cardiovascular Renal Research, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi
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12
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Ultrasound does not activate but can inhibit in vivo mammalian nerves across a wide range of parameters. Sci Rep 2022; 12:2182. [PMID: 35140238 PMCID: PMC8828880 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-05226-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Ultrasound (US) has been shown to stimulate brain circuits, however, the ability to excite peripheral nerves with US remains controversial. To the best of our knowledge, there is still no in vivo neural recording study that has applied US stimulation to a nerve isolated from surrounding tissue to confirm direct activation effects. Here, we show that US cannot excite an isolated mammalian sciatic nerve in an in vivo preparation, even at high pressures (relative to levels recommended in the FDA guidance for diagnostic ultrasound) and for a wide range of parameters, including different pulse patterns and center frequencies. US can, however, reliably inhibit nerve activity whereby greater suppression is correlated with increases in nerve temperature. By prohibiting the nerve temperature from increasing during US application, we did not observe suppressive effects. Overall, these findings demonstrate that US can reliably inhibit nerve activity through a thermal mechanism that has potential for various health disorders, though future studies are needed to evaluate the long-term safety of therapeutic ultrasound applications.
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13
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Millet JRM, Romero LO, Lee J, Bell B, Vásquez V. C. elegans PEZO-1 is a mechanosensitive ion channel involved in food sensation. J Gen Physiol 2022; 154:212890. [PMID: 34854875 PMCID: PMC8647359 DOI: 10.1085/jgp.202112960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
PIEZO channels are force sensors essential for physiological processes, including baroreception and proprioception. The Caenorhabditis elegans genome encodes an orthologue gene of the Piezo family, pezo-1, which is expressed in several tissues, including the pharynx. This myogenic pump is an essential component of the C. elegans alimentary canal, whose contraction and relaxation are modulated by mechanical stimulation elicited by food content. Whether pezo-1 encodes a mechanosensitive ion channel and contributes to pharyngeal function remains unknown. Here, we leverage genome editing, genetics, microfluidics, and electropharyngeogram recording to establish that pezo-1 is expressed in the pharynx, including in a proprioceptive-like neuron, and regulates pharyngeal function. Knockout (KO) and gain-of-function (GOF) mutants reveal that pezo-1 is involved in fine-tuning pharyngeal pumping frequency, as well as sensing osmolarity and food mechanical properties. Using pressure-clamp experiments in primary C. elegans embryo cultures, we determine that pezo-1 KO cells do not display mechanosensitive currents, whereas cells expressing wild-type or GOF PEZO-1 exhibit mechanosensitivity. Moreover, infecting the Spodoptera frugiperda cell line with a baculovirus containing the G-isoform of pezo-1 (among the longest isoforms) demonstrates that pezo-1 encodes a mechanosensitive channel. Our findings reveal that pezo-1 is a mechanosensitive ion channel that regulates food sensation in worms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan R M Millet
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN
| | - Luis O Romero
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN.,Integrated Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, College of Graduate Health Sciences, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN
| | - Jungsoo Lee
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN
| | - Briar Bell
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN.,Integrated Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, College of Graduate Health Sciences, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN
| | - Valeria Vásquez
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN
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14
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Strittmatter T, Argast P, Buchman P, Krawczyk K, Fussenegger M. Control of gene expression in engineered mammalian cells with a programmable shear-stress inducer. Biotechnol Bioeng 2021; 118:4751-4759. [PMID: 34506645 PMCID: PMC9292429 DOI: 10.1002/bit.27939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
In humans, cellular mechanoperception serves as the basis of touch sensation and proprioception, contributes to the proper programming of cell fate during embryonic development, and plays a pivotal role in the development of mechanosensitive tissues. Molecular mechanoreceptors can respond to their environment by mediating transient adjustments of ion homeostasis, which subsequently trigger calcium-dependent alteration of gene expression via specific signaling pathways such as the nuclear factor of the activated T-cells pathway. Although, mechanoreceptors are potential drug targets for various diseases, current techniques to study mechanically gated processes are often based on custom-tailored microfluidic systems, which require special setups or have limited throughput. Here, we present a platform to characterize shear-stress-triggered, calcium-mediated gene expression, which employs a programmable, 96-well-format, shear-stress induction device to examine the effects of imposing various mechanical loads on mammalian adherent cell lines. The presented method is suitable for high-throughput experiments and provides a large tunable parameter space to optimize conditions for different cell types. Our findings indicate that the device is an effective tool to explore conditions in terms of frequency, intensity, intervals as well as extracellular matrix composition alongside the evaluation of different combinations of mechanosensitive proteins for mechanically activated gene expression. We believe our results can serve as a platform for further investigations into shear stress-controlled gene expression in basic research and drug screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Strittmatter
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zurich, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Paul Argast
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zurich, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Peter Buchman
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zurich, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Krzysztof Krawczyk
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zurich, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Martin Fussenegger
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zurich, Basel, Switzerland.,Faculty of Science, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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15
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Drummond HA. What Evolutionary Evidence Implies About the Identity of the Mechanoelectrical Couplers in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells. Physiology (Bethesda) 2021; 36:292-306. [PMID: 34431420 DOI: 10.1152/physiol.00008.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Loss of pressure-induced vasoconstriction increases susceptibility to renal and cerebral vascular injury. Favored paradigms underlying initiation of the response include transient receptor potential channels coupled to G protein-coupled receptors or integrins as transducers. Degenerin channels may also mediate the response. This review addresses the 1) evolutionary role of these molecules in mechanosensing, 2) limitations to identifying mechanosensitive molecules, and 3) paradigm shifting molecular model for a VSMC mechanosensor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather A Drummond
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi
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16
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Roy Choudhury A, Großhans J, Kong D. Ion Channels in Epithelial Dynamics and Morphogenesis. Cells 2021; 10:cells10092280. [PMID: 34571929 PMCID: PMC8465836 DOI: 10.3390/cells10092280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 08/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Mechanosensitive ion channels mediate the neuronal sensation of mechanical signals such as sound, touch, and pain. Recent studies point to a function of these channel proteins in cell types and tissues in addition to the nervous system, such as epithelia, where they have been little studied, and their role has remained elusive. Dynamic epithelia are intrinsically exposed to mechanical forces. A response to pull and push is assumed to constitute an essential part of morphogenetic movements of epithelial tissues, for example. Mechano-gated channels may participate in sensing and responding to such forces. In this review, focusing on Drosophila, we highlight recent results that will guide further investigations concerned with the mechanistic role of these ion channels in epithelial cells.
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17
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Caprini D, Schwartz S, Lanza E, Milanetti E, Lucente V, Ferrarese G, Chiodo L, Nicoletti M, Folli V. A Shearless Microfluidic Device Detects a Role in Mechanosensitivity for AWC ON Neuron in Caenorhabditis elegans. Adv Biol (Weinh) 2021; 5:e2100927. [PMID: 34423577 DOI: 10.1002/adbi.202100927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Revised: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
AWC olfactory neurons are fundamental for chemotaxis toward volatile attractants in Caenorhabditis elegans. Here, it is shown that AWCON responds not only to chemicals but also to mechanical stimuli caused by fluid flow changes in a microfluidic device. The dynamics of calcium events are correlated with the stimulus amplitude. It is further shown that the mechanosensitivity of AWCON neurons has an intrinsic nature rather than a synaptic origin, and the calcium transient response is mediated by TAX-4 cGMP-gated cation channel, suggesting the involvement of one or more "odorant" receptors in AWCON mechano-transduction. In many cases, the responses show plateau properties resembling bistable calcium dynamics where neurons can switch from one stable state to the other. To investigate the unprecedentedly observed mechanosensitivity of AWCON neurons, a novel microfluidic device is designed to minimize the fluid shear flow in the arena hosting the nematodes. Animals in this device show reduced neuronal activation of AWCON neurons. The results observed indicate that the tangential component of the mechanical stress is the main contributor to the mechanosensitivity of AWCON . Furthermore, the microfluidic platform, integrating shearless perfusion and calcium imaging, provides a novel and more controlled solution for in vivo analysis both in micro-organisms and cultured cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Caprini
- Center for Life Nano- and Neuro-Science, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Viale Regina Elena 291, Rome, 00161, Italy
| | - Silvia Schwartz
- Center for Life Nano- and Neuro-Science, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Viale Regina Elena 291, Rome, 00161, Italy
| | - Enrico Lanza
- Center for Life Nano- and Neuro-Science, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Viale Regina Elena 291, Rome, 00161, Italy
| | - Edoardo Milanetti
- Center for Life Nano- and Neuro-Science, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Viale Regina Elena 291, Rome, 00161, Italy.,Department of Physics, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, Rome, 00185, Italy
| | - Valeria Lucente
- CREST OPTICS S.p.A., Via di Torre Rossa 66, Rome, 00165, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Ferrarese
- Center for Life Nano- and Neuro-Science, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Viale Regina Elena 291, Rome, 00161, Italy.,Department of Engineering, Campus Bio-Medico University, Via Álvaro del Portillo 21, Rome, 00128, Italy
| | - Letizia Chiodo
- Department of Engineering, Campus Bio-Medico University, Via Álvaro del Portillo 21, Rome, 00128, Italy
| | - Martina Nicoletti
- Center for Life Nano- and Neuro-Science, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Viale Regina Elena 291, Rome, 00161, Italy.,Department of Engineering, Campus Bio-Medico University, Via Álvaro del Portillo 21, Rome, 00128, Italy
| | - Viola Folli
- Center for Life Nano- and Neuro-Science, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Viale Regina Elena 291, Rome, 00161, Italy
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18
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Heath-Heckman E, Yoo S, Winchell C, Pellegrino M, Angstadt J, Lammardo VB, Bautista D, De-Miguel FF, Weisblat D. Transcriptional profiling of identified neurons in leech. BMC Genomics 2021; 22:215. [PMID: 33765928 PMCID: PMC7992859 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-021-07526-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background While leeches in the genus Hirudo have long been models for neurobiology, the molecular underpinnings of nervous system structure and function in this group remain largely unknown. To begin to bridge this gap, we performed RNASeq on pools of identified neurons of the central nervous system (CNS): sensory T (touch), P (pressure) and N (nociception) neurons; neurosecretory Retzius cells; and ganglia from which these four cell types had been removed. Results Bioinformatic analyses identified 3565 putative genes whose expression differed significantly among the samples. These genes clustered into 9 groups which could be associated with one or more of the identified cell types. We verified predicted expression patterns through in situ hybridization on whole CNS ganglia, and found that orthologous genes were for the most part similarly expressed in a divergent leech genus, suggesting evolutionarily conserved roles for these genes. Transcriptional profiling allowed us to identify candidate phenotype-defining genes from expanded gene families. Thus, we identified one of eight hyperpolarization-activated cyclic-nucleotide gated (HCN) channels as a candidate for mediating the prominent sag current in P neurons, and found that one of five inositol triphosphate receptors (IP3Rs), representing a sub-family of IP3Rs absent from vertebrate genomes, is expressed with high specificity in T cells. We also identified one of two piezo genes, two of ~ 65 deg/enac genes, and one of at least 16 transient receptor potential (trp) genes as prime candidates for involvement in sensory transduction in the three distinct classes of leech mechanosensory neurons. Conclusions Our study defines distinct transcriptional profiles for four different neuronal types within the leech CNS, in addition to providing a second ganglionic transcriptome for the species. From these data we identified five gene families that may facilitate the sensory capabilities of these neurons, thus laying the basis for future work leveraging the strengths of the leech system to investigate the molecular processes underlying and linking mechanosensation, cell type specification, and behavior. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12864-021-07526-0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Heath-Heckman
- Department of Molecular & Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA. .,Current address: Department of Integrative Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA.
| | - Shinja Yoo
- Department of Molecular & Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Christopher Winchell
- Department of Molecular & Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Maurizio Pellegrino
- Department of Molecular & Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA.,Current address: Invitae Corporation, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - James Angstadt
- Department of Biology, Siena College, Loudonville, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Diana Bautista
- Department of Molecular & Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Francisco F De-Miguel
- Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - David Weisblat
- Department of Molecular & Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA.
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19
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Hulme AJ, McArthur JR, Maksour S, Miellet S, Ooi L, Adams DJ, Finol-Urdaneta RK, Dottori M. Molecular and Functional Characterization of Neurogenin-2 Induced Human Sensory Neurons. Front Cell Neurosci 2020; 14:600895. [PMID: 33362470 PMCID: PMC7761588 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2020.600895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Sensory perception is fundamental to everyday life, yet understanding of human sensory physiology at the molecular level is hindered due to constraints on tissue availability. Emerging strategies to study and characterize peripheral neuropathies in vitro involve the use of human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) differentiated into dorsal root ganglion (DRG) sensory neurons. However, neuronal functionality and maturity are limited and underexplored. A recent and promising approach for directing hPSC differentiation towards functionally mature neurons involves the exogenous expression of Neurogenin-2 (NGN2). The optimized protocol described here generates sensory neurons from hPSC-derived neural crest (NC) progenitors through virally induced NGN2 expression. NC cells were derived from hPSCs via a small molecule inhibitor approach and enriched for migrating NC cells (66% SOX10+ cells). At the protein and transcript level, the resulting NGN2 induced sensory neurons (NGN2iSNs) express sensory neuron markers such as BRN3A (82% BRN3A+ cells), ISLET1 (91% ISLET1+ cells), TRKA, TRKB, and TRKC. Importantly, NGN2iSNs repetitively fire action potentials (APs) supported by voltage-gated sodium, potassium, and calcium conductances. In-depth analysis of the molecular basis of NGN2iSN excitability revealed functional expression of ion channels associated with the excitability of primary afferent neurons, such as Nav1.7, Nav1.8, Kv1.2, Kv2.1, BK, Cav2.1, Cav2.2, Cav3.2, ASICs and HCN among other ion channels, for which we provide functional and transcriptional evidence. Our characterization of stem cell-derived sensory neurons sheds light on the molecular basis of human sensory physiology and highlights the suitability of using hPSC-derived sensory neurons for modeling human DRG development and their potential in the study of human peripheral neuropathies and drug therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy J Hulme
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, Wollongong, NSW, Australia.,School of Medicine, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
| | - Jeffrey R McArthur
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, Wollongong, NSW, Australia.,School of Medicine, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
| | - Simon Maksour
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, Wollongong, NSW, Australia.,School of Medicine, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
| | - Sara Miellet
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, Wollongong, NSW, Australia.,School of Medicine, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
| | - Lezanne Ooi
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, Wollongong, NSW, Australia.,School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia.,Molecular Horizons, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
| | - David J Adams
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, Wollongong, NSW, Australia.,School of Medicine, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia.,Molecular Horizons, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
| | - Rocio K Finol-Urdaneta
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, Wollongong, NSW, Australia.,School of Medicine, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
| | - Mirella Dottori
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, Wollongong, NSW, Australia.,School of Medicine, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia.,Molecular Horizons, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
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20
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Kampanis V, Tolou-Dabbaghian B, Zhou L, Roth W, Puttagunta R. Cyclic Stretch of Either PNS or CNS Located Nerves Can Stimulate Neurite Outgrowth. Cells 2020; 10:cells10010032. [PMID: 33379276 PMCID: PMC7824691 DOI: 10.3390/cells10010032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The central nervous system (CNS) does not recover from traumatic axonal injury, but the peripheral nervous system (PNS) does. We hypothesize that this fundamental difference in regenerative capacity may be based upon the absence of stimulatory mechanical forces in the CNS due to the protective rigidity of the vertebral column and skull. We developed a bioreactor to apply low-strain cyclic axonal stretch to adult rat dorsal root ganglia (DRG) connected to either the peripheral or central nerves in an explant model for inducing axonal growth. In response, larger diameter DRG neurons, mechanoreceptors and proprioceptors showed enhanced neurite outgrowth as well as increased Activating Transcription Factor 3 (ATF3).
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasileios Kampanis
- Laboratory for Experimental Neuroregeneration, Spinal Cord Injury Center, Heidelberg University Hospital, 69118 Heidelberg, Germany; (V.K.); (B.T.-D.)
| | - Bahardokht Tolou-Dabbaghian
- Laboratory for Experimental Neuroregeneration, Spinal Cord Injury Center, Heidelberg University Hospital, 69118 Heidelberg, Germany; (V.K.); (B.T.-D.)
| | - Luming Zhou
- Laboratory of NeuroRegeneration and Repair, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany;
| | - Wolfgang Roth
- Laboratory for Experimental Neurorehabilitation, Heidelberg University Hospital, 69118 Heidelberg, Germany;
| | - Radhika Puttagunta
- Laboratory for Experimental Neuroregeneration, Spinal Cord Injury Center, Heidelberg University Hospital, 69118 Heidelberg, Germany; (V.K.); (B.T.-D.)
- Correspondence:
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21
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Guo L, Zhou ZD, Mao F, Fan XY, Liu GY, Huang J, Qiao XM. Identification of potential mechanosensitive ion channels involved in texture discrimination during Drosophila suzukii egg-laying behaviour. INSECT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2020; 29:444-451. [PMID: 32596943 DOI: 10.1111/imb.12654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Revised: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Drosophila suzukii (spotted wing drosophila) has become a major invasive insect pest of soft fruits in the America and Europe, causing severe yield losses every year. The female D. suzukii shows the oviposition preference for ripening or ripe fruit by cutting the hard skin with its serrated ovipositor. A recent study reported that mechanosensation is involved in the texture discrimination during egg-laying behaviour in D. suzukii. However, the underlying mechanism and molecular entity that control this behaviour are not known. The transient receptor potential (TRP) channels and degenerin/epithelial sodium channels (DEG/ENaC) are two candidate gene families of mechanically activated ion channels. Thus, we first identified TRP and DEG/ENaC genes in D. suzukii by bioinformatic analysis. Using transcriptome sequencing, we found that many TRP genes were expressed in the ovipositor in both D. suzukii and D. melanogaster, while some DEG/ENaCs showed species-specific expression patterns. Exposure to drugs targeting TRP and DEG/ENaC channels abolished the oviposition preference for harder texture in female D. suzukii. Therefore, mechanosensitive ion channels may play significant roles in the texture assessment of egg-laying behaviour in D. suzukii, which has promising implications to further research on the development of novel control measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Guo
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Z-D Zhou
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - F Mao
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - X-Y Fan
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - G-Y Liu
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - J Huang
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - X-M Qiao
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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22
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Hadden M, Mittal A, Samra J, Zreiqat H, Sahni S, Ramaswamy Y. Mechanically stressed cancer microenvironment: Role in pancreatic cancer progression. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2020; 1874:188418. [PMID: 32827581 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2020.188418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Revised: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the most lethal solid malignancies in the world due to its insensitivity to current therapies and its propensity to metastases from the primary tumor mass. This is largely attributed to its complex microenvironment composed of unique stromal cell populations and extracellular matrix (ECM). The recruitment and activation of these cell populations cause an increase in deposition of ECM components, which highly influences the behavior of malignant cells through disrupted forms of signaling. As PDAC progresses from premalignant lesion to invasive carcinoma, this dynamic landscape shields the mass from immune defenses and cytotoxic intervention. This microenvironment influences an invasive cell phenotype through altered forms of mechanical signaling, capable of enacting biochemical changes within cells through activated mechanotransduction pathways. The effects of altered mechanical cues on malignant cell mechanotransduction have long remained enigmatic, particularly in PDAC, whose microenvironment significantly changes over time. A more complete and thorough understanding of PDAC's physical surroundings (microenvironment), mechanosensing proteins, and mechanical properties may help in identifying novel mechanisms that influence disease progression, and thus, provide new potential therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Hadden
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, The University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Anubhav Mittal
- Northern Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Australia; Kolling Institute of Medical Research, University of Sydney, Australia; Australian Pancreatic Centre, St Leonards, Sydney, Australia
| | - Jaswinder Samra
- Northern Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Australia; Kolling Institute of Medical Research, University of Sydney, Australia; Australian Pancreatic Centre, St Leonards, Sydney, Australia
| | - Hala Zreiqat
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, The University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia; ARC Training Centre for Innovative Bioengineering, The University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia; The University of Sydney Nano Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Sumit Sahni
- Northern Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Australia; Kolling Institute of Medical Research, University of Sydney, Australia; Australian Pancreatic Centre, St Leonards, Sydney, Australia.
| | - Yogambha Ramaswamy
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, The University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia; The University of Sydney Nano Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
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23
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McCubbin S, Jeoung A, Waterbury C, Cooper RL. Pharmacological profiling of stretch activated channels in proprioceptive neurons. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2020; 233:108765. [PMID: 32305458 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2020.108765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Revised: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/11/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Proprioception in mammals and invertebrates occurs through stretch activated ion channels (SACs) localized in sensory endings. In mammals, the primary organs for proprioception are the intrafusal muscle spindles embedded within extrafusal muscle. In invertebrates there are varied types of sensory organs, from chordotonal organs spanning joints to muscle receptor organs (MRO) which are analogous to the mammalian muscle spindles that monitor stretch of muscle fibers. A subset of SACs are the PIEZO channels. They are comprised of a distinct type of protein sequence and are similar among species, from mammals to invertebrates. We screened several new agents (YODA 1, JEDI 2, OB 1 and DOOKU) which have been identified to act on SACs of the PIEZO 1 subtype. JEDI 2 increased activity in the crayfish MRO but not the crab chordotonal organs. The SACs of the crustacean proprioceptors have not been satisfactorily pharmacologically classified, nor has their molecular makeup been identified. We screened these pharmacological agents on model sensory organs in crustaceans to learn more about their subtype classification and compare genomic profiles of related species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shelby McCubbin
- Department of Biology and Center of Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506-0225, USA
| | - Anna Jeoung
- Department of Biology and Center of Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506-0225, USA
| | - Courtney Waterbury
- Department of Biology and Center of Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506-0225, USA
| | - Robin L Cooper
- Department of Biology and Center of Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506-0225, USA.
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24
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Romero LO, Caires R, Nickolls AR, Chesler AT, Cordero-Morales JF, Vásquez V. A dietary fatty acid counteracts neuronal mechanical sensitization. Nat Commun 2020; 11:2997. [PMID: 32561714 PMCID: PMC7305179 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-16816-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
PIEZO2 is the essential transduction channel for touch discrimination, vibration, and proprioception. Mice and humans lacking Piezo2 experience severe mechanosensory and proprioceptive deficits and fail to develop tactile allodynia. Bradykinin, a proalgesic agent released during inflammation, potentiates PIEZO2 activity. Molecules that decrease PIEZO2 function could reduce heightened touch responses during inflammation. Here, we find that the dietary fatty acid margaric acid (MA) decreases PIEZO2 function in a dose-dependent manner. Chimera analyses demonstrate that the PIEZO2 beam is a key region tuning MA-mediated channel inhibition. MA reduces neuronal action potential firing elicited by mechanical stimuli in mice and rat neurons and counteracts PIEZO2 sensitization by bradykinin. Finally, we demonstrate that this saturated fatty acid decreases PIEZO2 currents in touch neurons derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells. Our findings report on a natural product that inhibits PIEZO2 function and counteracts neuronal mechanical sensitization and reveal a key region for channel inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis O Romero
- 71S. Manassas St. Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, 38103, USA
- Integrated Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, College of Graduate Health Sciences, Memphis, TN, 38103, USA
| | - Rebeca Caires
- 71S. Manassas St. Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, 38103, USA
| | - Alec R Nickolls
- National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Alexander T Chesler
- National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
| | - Julio F Cordero-Morales
- 71S. Manassas St. Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, 38103, USA.
| | - Valeria Vásquez
- 71S. Manassas St. Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, 38103, USA.
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25
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Nemeth Z, Hildebrandt E, Ryan MJ, Granger JP, Drummond HA. Pressure-induced constriction of the middle cerebral artery is abolished in TrpC6 knockout mice. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2020; 319:H42-H50. [PMID: 32412783 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00126.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Pressure-induced constriction (PIC) is an inherent response of small arteries and arterioles in which increases in intraluminal pressure evoke vasoconstriction. It is a critical mechanism of blood flow autoregulation in the kidney and brain. Degenerin (Deg) and transient receptor potential (Trp) protein families have been implicated in transduction of PIC because of evolutionary links to mechanosensing in the nematode and fly. While TrpC6 has been suggested to contribute to PIC signaling, direct supporting evidence is contradictory. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the importance of TrpC6 in PIC signaling using a mouse model lacking TrpC6. To address this aim, we evaluated graded pressure (20-90 mmHg), depolarization (4-80 mM KCl)-, and adrenergic receptor (phenylephrine; PE 10-7-10-4 M)-mediated constriction of isolated middle cerebral artery (MCA) segments from 9-wk-old male wild-type (TrpC6+/+, n = 7) and homozygous null (TrpC6-/-, n = 9) TrpC6 mice (Jackson Laboratories). Isolated MCA segments were cannulated and pressurized with physiological salt solution using pressure myography (Living Systems). Vasoconstrictor responses to KCl and PE were identical in TrpC6-/- and TrpC6+/+ mice. In contrast, PIC responses were totally abolished in TrpC6-/- mice. At 90 mmHg, the calculated myogenic tone was -0.8 ± 0.5 vs. 10.7 ± 1.7%, P = 0.0002 in TrpC6-/- and TrpC6+/+ mice, respectively. Additionally, there were no changes in mechanical properties of circumferential wall strain and stress or morphological properties of wall thickness and wall-to-lumen ratio at 50 mmHg between TrpPC6-/- and TrpC6+/+ mice. Although these results demonstrate that TrpC6 is critical for the integrated PIC response, they do not identify whether TrpC6 acts as a mechanosensor or a downstream signaling component.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Pressure-induced, but not agonist-induced, vasoconstriction is abolished in the middle cerebral artery (MCA) of TrpC6 null mice. TrpC6 localization in dissociated cerebral vascular smooth muscle cells is primarily cytoplasmic and not associated with the surface membrane where a mechanoelectrical coupler might be expected. These findings suggest that TrpC6 is required for transduction of pressure-induced constriction in the MCA; however, its role as a mechanoelectrical coupler or downstream signal amplifier remains unresolved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoltan Nemeth
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi
| | - Emily Hildebrandt
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi
| | - Michael J Ryan
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi
| | - Joey P Granger
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi
| | - Heather A Drummond
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi
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26
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Kubanek J, Brown J, Ye P, Pauly KB, Moore T, Newsome W. Remote, brain region-specific control of choice behavior with ultrasonic waves. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2020; 6:eaaz4193. [PMID: 32671207 PMCID: PMC7314556 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aaz4193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2019] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The ability to modulate neural activity in specific brain circuits remotely and systematically could revolutionize studies of brain function and treatments of brain disorders. Sound waves of high frequencies (ultrasound) have shown promise in this respect, combining the ability to modulate neuronal activity with sharp spatial focus. Here, we show that the approach can have potent effects on choice behavior. Brief, low-intensity ultrasound pulses delivered noninvasively into specific brain regions of macaque monkeys influenced their decisions regarding which target to choose. The effects were substantial, leading to around a 2:1 bias in choices compared to the default balanced proportion. The effect presence and polarity was controlled by the specific target region. These results represent a critical step towards the ability to influence choice behavior noninvasively, enabling systematic investigations and treatments of brain circuits underlying disorders of choice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Kubanek
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Utah, 36 S Wasatch Dr, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Julian Brown
- Department of Neurobiology, Stanford University, 318 Campus Dr, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Patrick Ye
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University, 1201 Welch Rd, Stanford, CA 94034, USA
| | - Kim Butts Pauly
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University, 1201 Welch Rd, Stanford, CA 94034, USA
| | - Tirin Moore
- Department of Neurobiology, Stanford University, 318 Campus Dr, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - William Newsome
- Department of Neurobiology, Stanford University, 318 Campus Dr, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
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Perks KM, Pierce JT. A quantal code for touch intensity in C. elegans. J Gen Physiol 2019; 151:1343-1346. [PMID: 31653657 PMCID: PMC6888754 DOI: 10.1085/jgp.201912477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Perks and Pierce consider a new study in worms showing that touch intensity is encoded by the quantal activity of mechanoreceptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine M Perks
- Center for Learning and Memory, Waggoner Center for Alcohol and Addiction Research, Department of Neuroscience, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX
| | - Jonathan T Pierce
- Center for Learning and Memory, Waggoner Center for Alcohol and Addiction Research, Department of Neuroscience, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX
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28
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Katta S, Sanzeni A, Das A, Vergassola M, Goodman MB. Progressive recruitment of distal MEC-4 channels determines touch response strength in C. elegans. J Gen Physiol 2019; 151:1213-1230. [PMID: 31533952 PMCID: PMC6785734 DOI: 10.1085/jgp.201912374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Touch deforms, or strains, the skin beyond the immediate point of contact. The spatiotemporal nature of the touch-induced strain fields depend on the mechanical properties of the skin and the tissues below. Somatosensory neurons that sense touch branch out within the skin and rely on a set of mechano-electrical transduction channels distributed within their dendrites to detect mechanical stimuli. Here, we sought to understand how tissue mechanics shape touch-induced mechanical strain across the skin over time and how individual channels located in different regions of the strain field contribute to the overall touch response. We leveraged Caenorhabditis elegans' touch receptor neurons as a simple model amenable to in vivo whole-cell patch-clamp recording and an integrated experimental-computational approach to dissect the mechanisms underlying the spatial and temporal dynamics we observed. Consistent with the idea that strain is produced at a distance, we show that delivering strong stimuli outside the anatomical extent of the neuron is sufficient to evoke MRCs. The amplitude and kinetics of the MRCs depended on both stimulus displacement and speed. Finally, we found that the main factor responsible for touch sensitivity is the recruitment of progressively more distant channels by stronger stimuli, rather than modulation of channel open probability. This principle may generalize to somatosensory neurons with more complex morphologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samata Katta
- Neuroscience Program, Stanford University, Stanford, CA
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA
| | - Alessandro Sanzeni
- National Institute of Mental Health Intramural Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Alakananda Das
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA
| | - Massimo Vergassola
- Department of Physics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Miriam B Goodman
- Neuroscience Program, Stanford University, Stanford, CA
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA
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29
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Zhang M, Li X, Zheng H, Wen X, Chen S, Ye J, Tang S, Yao F, Li Y, Yan Z. Brv1 Is Required for Drosophila Larvae to Sense Gentle Touch. Cell Rep 2019; 23:23-31. [PMID: 29617663 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2018.03.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2017] [Revised: 02/20/2018] [Accepted: 03/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
How we sense touch is fundamental for many physiological processes. However, the underlying mechanism and molecular identity for touch sensation are largely unknown. Here, we report on defective gentle-touch behavioral responses in brv1 loss-of-function Drosophila larvae. RNAi and Ca2+ imaging confirmed the involvement of Brv1 in sensing touch and demonstrated that Brv1 mediates the mechanotransduction of class III dendritic arborization neurons. Electrophysiological recordings further revealed that the expression of Brv1 protein in HEK293T cells gives rise to stretch-activated cation channels. Purified Brv1 protein reconstituted into liposomes were found to sense stretch stimuli. In addition, co-expression studies suggested that Brv1 amplifies the response of mechanosensitive ion channel NOMPC (no mechanoreceptor potential C) to touch stimuli. Altogether, these findings demonstrate a molecular entity that mediates the gentle-touch response in Drosophila larvae, providing insights into the molecular mechanisms of touch sensation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingfeng Zhang
- Children's Hospital and Institute of Neuroscience, Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology of Ministry of Health of China, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China; State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Human Phenome Institute, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics and Development, Institute of Brain Science, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Xia Li
- Children's Hospital and Institute of Neuroscience, Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology of Ministry of Health of China, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Honglan Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Human Phenome Institute, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics and Development, Institute of Brain Science, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Xiaoxu Wen
- Children's Hospital and Institute of Neuroscience, Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology of Ministry of Health of China, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Sihan Chen
- Children's Hospital and Institute of Neuroscience, Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology of Ministry of Health of China, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jia Ye
- Children's Hospital and Institute of Neuroscience, Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology of Ministry of Health of China, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Siyang Tang
- Children's Hospital and Institute of Neuroscience, Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology of Ministry of Health of China, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Fuqiang Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Human Phenome Institute, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics and Development, Institute of Brain Science, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Yuezhou Li
- Children's Hospital and Institute of Neuroscience, Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology of Ministry of Health of China, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Zhiqiang Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Human Phenome Institute, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics and Development, Institute of Brain Science, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China.
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30
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Wang LX, Niu CD, Zhang Y, Jia YL, Zhang YJ, Zhang Y, Zhang YQ, Gao CF, Wu SF. The NompC channel regulates Nilaparvata lugens proprioception and gentle-touch response. INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2019; 106:55-63. [PMID: 30496804 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2018.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2018] [Revised: 11/01/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
NompC channel is a member of the transient receptor potential (TRP) ion channel superfamily. It can regulate gentle-touch, locomotion, hearing and food texture detection in Drosophila. We cloned the NompC gene of Nilaparvata lugens (NlNompC). The full length NlNompC possessed similar structure as DmNompC, which belongs to TRPN subfamily. The expression pattern analysis of different developmental stages and body parts showed that the transcription of NlNompC was more abundant in adult stage and in the abdomen. Injection of double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) of NlNompC in the third-instar nymphs successfully knocked down the target gene with 75% suppression. At nine days after injection, the survival rate of dsRNA injected nymphs was as low as 9.84%. Behavioral observation revealed that the locomotion of the dsRNA injected nymphs was defective with much less movement compared to the negative control. Feeding and honeydew excretion of the dsRNA injected insects also decreased significantly. These results suggested that NlNompC is a classical mechanotransduction channel that plays important roles in proprioception and locomotion, and is essential for the survival of N. lugens. The results also contribute to the understanding of how TRP channels regulate proprioception.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Xiang Wang
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, State & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Invention and Application, Weigang Road 1, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chun-Dong Niu
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, State & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Invention and Application, Weigang Road 1, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, State & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Invention and Application, Weigang Road 1, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ya-Long Jia
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, State & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Invention and Application, Weigang Road 1, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yi-Jie Zhang
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, State & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Invention and Application, Weigang Road 1, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, State & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Invention and Application, Weigang Road 1, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yu-Qing Zhang
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, State & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Invention and Application, Weigang Road 1, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, China
| | - Cong-Fen Gao
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, State & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Invention and Application, Weigang Road 1, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Shun-Fan Wu
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, State & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Invention and Application, Weigang Road 1, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, China.
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31
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Romac JMJ, Shahid RA, Swain SM, Vigna SR, Liddle RA. Piezo1 is a mechanically activated ion channel and mediates pressure induced pancreatitis. Nat Commun 2018; 9:1715. [PMID: 29712913 PMCID: PMC5928090 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-04194-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2017] [Accepted: 04/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Merely touching the pancreas can lead to premature zymogen activation and pancreatitis but the mechanism is not completely understood. Here we demonstrate that pancreatic acinar cells express the mechanoreceptor Piezo1 and application of pressure within the gland produces pancreatitis. To determine if this effect is through Piezo1 activation, we induce pancreatitis by intrapancreatic duct instillation of the Piezo1 agonist Yoda1. Pancreatitis induced by pressure within the gland is prevented by a Piezo1 antagonist. In pancreatic acinar cells, Yoda1 stimulates calcium influx and induces calcium-dependent pancreatic injury. Finally, selective acinar cell-specific genetic deletion of Piezo1 protects mice against pressure-induced pancreatitis. Thus, activation of Piezo1 in pancreatic acinar cells is a mechanism for pancreatitis and may explain why pancreatitis develops following pressure on the gland as in abdominal trauma, pancreatic duct obstruction, pancreatography, or pancreatic surgery. Piezo1 blockade may prevent pancreatitis when manipulation of the gland is anticipated. Manipulation of the pancreas during surgery can induce acute pancreatitis due to zymogen activation. Here the authors show that the mechanoreceptor Piezo1 is activated by pressure and its activation leads to calcium dependent pancreatic injury whereas its inhibition is protective against pancreatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joelle M-J Romac
- Department of Medicine, Duke University and Durham VA Medical Centers, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Rafiq A Shahid
- Department of Medicine, Duke University and Durham VA Medical Centers, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Sandip M Swain
- Department of Medicine, Duke University and Durham VA Medical Centers, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Steven R Vigna
- Department of Medicine, Duke University and Durham VA Medical Centers, Durham, NC, 27710, USA.,Department of Cell Biology, Duke University and Durham VA Medical Centers, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Rodger A Liddle
- Department of Medicine, Duke University and Durham VA Medical Centers, Durham, NC, 27710, USA.
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Abstract
Signals from two different membrane proteins are combined to modulate how strongly sensory neurons respond to mechanical force.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wayne A Johnson
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, United States
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34
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Xiong B, Huang Z, Zou H, Qiao C, He Y, Yeung ES. Single Plasmonic Nanosprings for Visualizing Reactive-Oxygen-Species-Activated Localized Mechanical Force Transduction in Live Cells. ACS NANO 2017; 11:541-548. [PMID: 28038314 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.6b06591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Mechanical force signaling in cells has been regarded as the biological foundation of various important physiological functions. To understand the nature of these biological and physiological processes, imaging and determining the mechanical signal transduction dynamics in live cells are required. Herein, we proposed a strategy to determine mechanical force as well as its changes with single-particle dark-field spectral microscopy by using a single plasmonic nanospring as a mechanical sensor, which can transfer force-induced molecular extension/compression into spectral responses. With this robust plasmonic nanospring, we achieved the visualization of activation of localized mechanical force transduction in single live cells triggered by reactive-oxygen-species (ROS) stimulation. The successful demonstration of a biochemical ROS signal to mechanical signal conversion suggested this strategy is promising for studying mechanical force signaling and regulation in live biological systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Biology, Hunan University , Changsha, 410082, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenrong Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Biology, Hunan University , Changsha, 410082, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongyan Zou
- Key Laboratory of Luminescent and Real-Time Analytical Chemistry, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University , Chongqing, 400715, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunyan Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Biology, Hunan University , Changsha, 410082, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan He
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Biology, Hunan University , Changsha, 410082, People's Republic of China
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University , Beijing, 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - Edward S Yeung
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Biology, Hunan University , Changsha, 410082, People's Republic of China
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University , Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
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Katta S, Krieg M, Goodman MB. Feeling force: physical and physiological principles enabling sensory mechanotransduction. Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol 2016; 31:347-71. [PMID: 26566115 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-cellbio-100913-013426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Organisms as diverse as microbes, roundworms, insects, and mammals detect and respond to applied force. In animals, this ability depends on ionotropic force receptors, known as mechanoelectrical transduction (MeT) channels, that are expressed by specialized mechanoreceptor cells embedded in diverse tissues and distributed throughout the body. These cells mediate hearing, touch, and proprioception and play a crucial role in regulating organ function. Here, we attempt to integrate knowledge about the architecture of mechanoreceptor cells and their sensory organs with principles of cell mechanics, and we consider how engulfing tissues contribute to mechanical filtering. We address progress in the quest to identify the proteins that form MeT channels and to understand how these channels are gated. For clarity and convenience, we focus on sensory mechanobiology in nematodes, fruit flies, and mice. These themes are emphasized: asymmetric responses to applied forces, which may reflect anisotropy of the structure and mechanics of sensory mechanoreceptor cells, and proteins that function as MeT channels, which appear to have emerged many times through evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samata Katta
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305;
| | - Michael Krieg
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305;
| | - Miriam B Goodman
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305;
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36
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Hinard V, Britan A, Rougier JS, Bairoch A, Abriel H, Gaudet P. ICEPO: the ion channel electrophysiology ontology. DATABASE-THE JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL DATABASES AND CURATION 2016; 2016:baw017. [PMID: 27055825 PMCID: PMC4823818 DOI: 10.1093/database/baw017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2015] [Accepted: 02/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Ion channels are transmembrane proteins that selectively allow ions to flow across the plasma membrane and play key roles in diverse biological processes. A multitude of diseases, called channelopathies, such as epilepsies, muscle paralysis, pain syndromes, cardiac arrhythmias or hypoglycemia are due to ion channel mutations. A wide corpus of literature is available on ion channels, covering both their functions and their roles in disease. The research community needs to access this data in a user-friendly, yet systematic manner. However, extraction and integration of this increasing amount of data have been proven to be difficult because of the lack of a standardized vocabulary that describes the properties of ion channels at the molecular level. To address this, we have developed Ion Channel ElectroPhysiology Ontology (ICEPO), an ontology that allows one to annotate the electrophysiological parameters of the voltage-gated class of ion channels. This ontology is based on a three-state model of ion channel gating describing the three conformations/states that an ion channel can adopt: closed, open and inactivated. This ontology supports the capture of voltage-gated ion channel electrophysiological data from the literature in a structured manner and thus enables other applications such as querying and reasoning tools. Here, we present ICEPO (ICEPO ftp site: ftp://ftp.nextprot.org/pub/current_release/controlled_vocabularies/), as well as examples of its use.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Hinard
- CALIPHO Group, SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, 1 rue Michel-Servet, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - A Britan
- CALIPHO Group, SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, 1 rue Michel-Servet, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - J S Rougier
- University of Bern, Murtenstrasse 35, CH-3008 Bern, Switzerland and
| | - A Bairoch
- CALIPHO Group, SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, 1 rue Michel-Servet, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland Department of Human Protein Science, University of Geneva Medical School, 1 rue Michel-Servet, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - H Abriel
- University of Bern, Murtenstrasse 35, CH-3008 Bern, Switzerland and
| | - P Gaudet
- CALIPHO Group, SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, 1 rue Michel-Servet, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland Department of Human Protein Science, University of Geneva Medical School, 1 rue Michel-Servet, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
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Terada SI, Matsubara D, Onodera K, Matsuzaki M, Uemura T, Usui T. Neuronal processing of noxious thermal stimuli mediated by dendritic Ca(2+) influx in Drosophila somatosensory neurons. eLife 2016; 5. [PMID: 26880554 PMCID: PMC4786431 DOI: 10.7554/elife.12959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2015] [Accepted: 02/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Adequate responses to noxious stimuli causing tissue damages are essential for organismal survival. Class IV neurons in Drosophila larvae are polymodal nociceptors responsible for thermal, mechanical, and light sensation. Importantly, activation of Class IV provoked distinct avoidance behaviors, depending on the inputs. We found that noxious thermal stimuli, but not blue light stimulation, caused a unique pattern of Class IV, which were composed of pauses after high-frequency spike trains and a large Ca2+ rise in the dendrite (the Ca2+ transient). Both these responses depended on two TRPA channels and the L-type voltage-gated calcium channel (L-VGCC), showing that the thermosensation provokes Ca2+ influx. The precipitous fluctuation of firing rate in Class IV neurons enhanced the robust heat avoidance. We hypothesize that the Ca2+ influx can be a key signal encoding a specific modality. DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.12959.001 Animals often need to get away quickly from dangers in their environment, such as temperatures that are hot enough to damage their tissues. As such, an animal’s brain often encodes automatic ‘avoidance responses’ to signs of danger, which help the animal move away from harm. The nervous system of a fruit fly larva, for example, contains a distinct class of neurons (known as class IV neurons) that respond specifically to high temperatures and ultraviolet or blue light. Both of these stimuli are potentially harmful, but the larvae escape from heat by rolling with a corkscrew-like motion, yet they turn their heads away from a source of ultraviolet or blue light. So, how does the same set of neurons orchestrate these two different types of behavior? To answer this question, Terada, Matsubara, Onodera et al. measured the activity in the class IV neurons in two different ways. First, the levels of calcium ions in the neurons, which play a key role in neurons’ activity, were imaged using a calcium-sensitive biosensor. Second, electrodes were used to directly on the class IV neurons to record changes in their electrical activity. The experiments showed that class IV neurons responded to heat by producing a characteristic burst of electrical activity followed by a pause, and that this pattern of electrical activity was accompanied by a large rise in the calcium signal. In contrast, the same neurons did not show this ‘burst and pause’ pattern of activity when the fruit fly larvae were exposed to ultraviolet/blue light. Instead, these conditions triggered much smaller changes in electrical activity. Further experiments then confirmed that the characteristic ‘burst and pause’ pattern of electrical activity was linked to the rolling motion observed when the larvae try to escape from heat. These findings show how differing patterns of activity in the same neurons can be used to differentiate between different types of stimuli. Further work is now needed to explain how these two different patterns of activity in one set of neurons is translated by the fruit fly’s brain into different patterns of behavior. DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.12959.002
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Koun Onodera
- Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Masanori Matsuzaki
- Division of Brain Circuits, National Institute for Basic Biology, Okazaki, Japan
| | - Tadashi Uemura
- Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tadao Usui
- Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
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38
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Quindlen JC, Stolarski HK, Johnson MD, Barocas VH. A multiphysics model of the Pacinian corpuscle. Integr Biol (Camb) 2016; 8:1111-1125. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ib00157b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
This study integrates mechanics and neuroscience to model the mechanoelectrochemical transduction of vibrations into neural signals in the Pacinian corpuscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia C. Quindlen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering
- University of Minnesota
- Minneapolis
- USA
| | - Henryk K. Stolarski
- Department of Civil, Environmental, and Geo-Engineering
- University of Minnesota
- Minneapolis
- USA
| | - Matthew D. Johnson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering
- University of Minnesota
- Minneapolis
- USA
| | - Victor H. Barocas
- Department of Biomedical Engineering
- University of Minnesota
- Minneapolis
- USA
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39
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The biophysics of piezo1 and piezo2 mechanosensitive channels. Biophys Chem 2016; 208:26-33. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bpc.2015.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2015] [Accepted: 06/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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40
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Li CL, Li KC, Wu D, Chen Y, Luo H, Zhao JR, Wang SS, Sun MM, Lu YJ, Zhong YQ, Hu XY, Hou R, Zhou BB, Bao L, Xiao HS, Zhang X. Somatosensory neuron types identified by high-coverage single-cell RNA-sequencing and functional heterogeneity. Cell Res 2015; 26:83-102. [PMID: 26691752 DOI: 10.1038/cr.2015.149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 249] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2015] [Revised: 11/04/2015] [Accepted: 12/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Sensory neurons are distinguished by distinct signaling networks and receptive characteristics. Thus, sensory neuron types can be defined by linking transcriptome-based neuron typing with the sensory phenotypes. Here we classify somatosensory neurons of the mouse dorsal root ganglion (DRG) by high-coverage single-cell RNA-sequencing (10 950 ± 1 218 genes per neuron) and neuron size-based hierarchical clustering. Moreover, single DRG neurons responding to cutaneous stimuli are recorded using an in vivo whole-cell patch clamp technique and classified by neuron-type genetic markers. Small diameter DRG neurons are classified into one type of low-threshold mechanoreceptor and five types of mechanoheat nociceptors (MHNs). Each of the MHN types is further categorized into two subtypes. Large DRG neurons are categorized into four types, including neurexophilin 1-expressing MHNs and mechanical nociceptors (MNs) expressing BAI1-associated protein 2-like 1 (Baiap2l1). Mechanoreceptors expressing trafficking protein particle complex 3-like and Baiap2l1-marked MNs are subdivided into two subtypes each. These results provide a new system for cataloging somatosensory neurons and their transcriptome databases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Lin Li
- Institute of Neuroscience and State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 20031, China
| | - Kai-Cheng Li
- Institute of Neuroscience and State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 20031, China
| | - Dan Wu
- Institute of Neuroscience and State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 20031, China
| | - Yan Chen
- Institute of Neuroscience and State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 20031, China
| | - Hao Luo
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTec University, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Jing-Rong Zhao
- Institute of Neuroscience and State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 20031, China
| | - Sa-Shuang Wang
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTec University, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Ming-Ming Sun
- National Engineering Center for Biochip at Shanghai, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying-Jin Lu
- Institute of Neuroscience and State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 20031, China
| | - Yan-Qing Zhong
- Institute of Neuroscience and State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 20031, China
| | - Xu-Ye Hu
- Shanghai Clinical Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences/XuHui Central Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Rui Hou
- National Engineering Center for Biochip at Shanghai, Shanghai, China
| | - Bei-Bei Zhou
- National Engineering Center for Biochip at Shanghai, Shanghai, China
| | - Lan Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences.,School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTec University, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Hua-Sheng Xiao
- National Engineering Center for Biochip at Shanghai, Shanghai, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- Institute of Neuroscience and State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 20031, China.,School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTec University, Shanghai 200031, China
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41
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Tissue mechanics govern the rapidly adapting and symmetrical response to touch. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2015; 112:E6955-63. [PMID: 26627717 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1514138112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Interactions with the physical world are deeply rooted in our sense of touch and depend on ensembles of somatosensory neurons that invade and innervate the skin. Somatosensory neurons convert the mechanical energy delivered in each touch into excitatory membrane currents carried by mechanoelectrical transduction (MeT) channels. Pacinian corpuscles in mammals and touch receptor neurons (TRNs) in Caenorhabditis elegans nematodes are embedded in distinctive specialized accessory structures, have low thresholds for activation, and adapt rapidly to the application and removal of mechanical loads. Recently, many of the protein partners that form native MeT channels in these and other somatosensory neurons have been identified. However, the biophysical mechanism of symmetric responses to the onset and offset of mechanical stimulation has eluded understanding for decades. Moreover, it is not known whether applied force or the resulting indentation activate MeT channels. Here, we introduce a system for simultaneously recording membrane current, applied force, and the resulting indentation in living C. elegans (Feedback-controlled Application of mechanical Loads Combined with in vivo Neurophysiology, FALCON) and use it, together with modeling, to study these questions. We show that current amplitude increases with indentation, not force, and that fast stimuli evoke larger currents than slower stimuli producing the same or smaller indentation. A model linking body indentation to MeT channel activation through an embedded viscoelastic element reproduces the experimental findings, predicts that the TRNs function as a band-pass mechanical filter, and provides a general mechanism for symmetrical and rapidly adapting MeT channel activation relevant to somatosensory neurons across phyla and submodalities.
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Quindlen JC, Lai VK, Barocas VH. Multiscale Mechanical Model of the Pacinian Corpuscle Shows Depth and Anisotropy Contribute to the Receptor's Characteristic Response to Indentation. PLoS Comput Biol 2015; 11:e1004370. [PMID: 26390130 PMCID: PMC4577116 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1004370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2015] [Accepted: 06/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Cutaneous mechanoreceptors transduce different tactile stimuli into neural signals that produce distinct sensations of touch. The Pacinian corpuscle (PC), a cutaneous mechanoreceptor located deep within the dermis of the skin, detects high frequency vibrations that occur within its large receptive field. The PC is comprised of lamellae that surround the nerve fiber at its core. We hypothesized that a layered, anisotropic structure, embedded deep within the skin, would produce the nonlinear strain transmission and low spatial sensitivity characteristic of the PC. A multiscale finite-element model was used to model the equilibrium response of the PC to indentation. The first simulation considered an isolated PC with fiber networks aligned with the PC's surface. The PC was subjected to a 10 μm indentation by a 250 μm diameter indenter. The multiscale model captured the nonlinear strain transmission through the PC, predicting decreased compressive strain with proximity to the receptor's core, as seen experimentally by others. The second set of simulations considered a single PC embedded epidermally (shallow) or dermally (deep) to model the PC's location within the skin. The embedded models were subjected to 10 μm indentations at a series of locations on the surface of the skin. Strain along the long axis of the PC was calculated after indentation to simulate stretch along the nerve fiber at the center of the PC. Receptive fields for the epidermis and dermis models were constructed by mapping the long-axis strain after indentation at each point on the surface of the skin mesh. The dermis model resulted in a larger receptive field, as the calculated strain showed less indenter location dependence than in the epidermis model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia C. Quindlen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Victor K. Lai
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Duluth, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Victor H. Barocas
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
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43
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Subunit composition of a DEG/ENaC mechanosensory channel of Caenorhabditis elegans. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2015; 112:11690-5. [PMID: 26324944 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1515968112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Caenorhabditis elegans senses gentle touch in the six touch receptor neurons (TRNs) using a mechanotransduction complex that contains the pore-forming degenerin/epithelial sodium channel (DEG/ENaC) proteins MEC-4 and MEC-10. Past work has suggested these proteins interact with the paraoxonase-like MEC-6 and the cholesterol-binding stomatin-like MEC-2 proteins. Using single molecule optical imaging in Xenopus oocytes, we found that MEC-4 forms homotrimers and MEC-4 and MEC-10 form 4:4:10 heterotrimers. MEC-6 and MEC-2 do not associate tightly with these trimers and do not influence trimer stoichiometry, indicating that they are not part of the core channel transduction complex. Consistent with the in vitro data, MEC-10, but not MEC-6, formed puncta in TRN neurites that colocalize with MEC-4 when MEC-4 is overexpressed in the TRNs.
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44
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Guo Y, Wang Y, Wang Q, Wang Z. The role of PPK26 in Drosophila larval mechanical nociception. Cell Rep 2015; 9:1183-90. [PMID: 25457610 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2014.10.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2014] [Revised: 09/12/2014] [Accepted: 10/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
In Drosophila larvae, the class IV dendritic arborization (da) neurons are polymodal nociceptors. Here, we show that ppk26 (CG8546) plays an important role in mechanical nociception in class IV da neurons. Our immunohistochemical and functional results demonstrate that ppk26 is specifically expressed in class IV da neurons. Larvae with mutant ppk26 showed severe behavioral defects in a mechanical nociception behavioral test but responded to noxious heat stimuli comparably to wild-type larvae. In addition, functional studies suggest that ppk26 and ppk (also called ppk1) function in the same pathway, whereas piezo functions in a parallel pathway. Consistent with these functional results, we found that PPK and PPK26 are interdependent on each other for their cell surface localization. Our work indicates that PPK26 and PPK might form heteromeric DEG/ENaC channels that are essential for mechanotransduction in class IV da neurons.
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45
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Abstract
Neuronal growth cones are exquisite sensory-motor machines capable of transducing features contacted in their local extracellular environment into guided process extension during development. Extensive research has shown that chemical ligands activate cell surface receptors on growth cones leading to intracellular signals that direct cytoskeletal changes. However, the environment also provides mechanical support for growth cone adhesion and traction forces that stabilize leading edge protrusions. Interestingly, recent work suggests that both the mechanical properties of the environment and mechanical forces generated within growth cones influence axon guidance. In this review we discuss novel molecular mechanisms involved in growth cone force production and detection, and speculate how these processes may be necessary for the development of proper neuronal morphogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick C Kerstein
- Neuroscience Training Program, Department of Neuroscience, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison Madison, WI, USA
| | - Robert H Nichol
- Neuroscience Training Program, Department of Neuroscience, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison Madison, WI, USA
| | - Timothy M Gomez
- Neuroscience Training Program, Department of Neuroscience, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison Madison, WI, USA
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46
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Walsh CM, Bautista DM, Lumpkin EA. Mammalian touch catches up. Curr Opin Neurobiol 2015; 34:133-9. [PMID: 26100741 DOI: 10.1016/j.conb.2015.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2015] [Accepted: 05/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
An assortment of touch receptors innervate the skin and encode different tactile features of the environment. Compared with invertebrate touch and other sensory systems, our understanding of the molecular and cellular underpinnings of mammalian touch lags behind. Two recent breakthroughs have accelerated progress. First, an arsenal of cell-type-specific molecular markers allowed the functional and anatomical properties of sensory neurons to be matched, thereby unraveling a cellular code for touch. Such markers have also revealed key roles of non-neuronal cell types, such as Merkel cells and keratinocytes, in touch reception. Second, the discovery of Piezo genes as a new family of mechanically activated channels has fueled the discovery of molecular mechanisms that mediate and mechanotransduction in mammalian touch receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolyn M Walsh
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720-3200, USA
| | - Diana M Bautista
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720-3200, USA.
| | - Ellen A Lumpkin
- Department of Dermatology, Columbia University College of Physicians & Surgeons, New York, NY 10032, USA; Department of Physiology & Cellular Biophysics, Columbia University College of Physicians & Surgeons, New York, NY 10032, USA.
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47
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Abstract
A trio of papers has resolved an outstanding controversy regarding the function of Merkel cells and their afferent nerve fiber partners. Merkel cells sense mechanical stimuli (through Piezo2), fire action potentials, and are sufficient to activate downstream sensory neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Vásquez
- Department of Physiology, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Gregory Scherrer
- Departments of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine and Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Miriam B Goodman
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
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48
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Masuoka T, Nakamura T, Kudo M, Yoshida J, Takaoka Y, Kato N, Ishibashi T, Imaizumi N, Nishio M. Biphasic modulation by mGlu5 receptors of TRPV1-mediated intracellular calcium elevation in sensory neurons contributes to heat sensitivity. Br J Pharmacol 2014; 172:1020-33. [PMID: 25297838 DOI: 10.1111/bph.12962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2014] [Revised: 09/15/2014] [Accepted: 09/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Elevation of glutamate, an excitatory amino acid, during inflammation and injury plays a crucial role in the reception and transmission of sensory information via ionotropic and metabotropic receptors. This study aimed to investigate the mechanisms underlying the biphasic effects of metabotropic glutamate mGlu5 receptor activation on responses to noxious heat. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH We assessed the effects of intraplantar quisqualate, a non-selective glutamate receptor agonist, on heat and mechanical pain behaviours in mice. In addition, the effects of quisqualate on the intracellular calcium response and on membrane currents mediated by TRPV1 channels, were examined in cultured dorsal root ganglion neurons from mice. KEY RESULTS Activation of mGlu5 receptors in hind paw transiently increased, then decreased, the response to noxious heat. In sensory neurons, activation of mGlu5 receptors potentiated TRPV1-mediated intracellular calcium elevation, while terminating activation of mGlu5 receptors depressed it. TRPV1-induced currents were potentiated by activation of mGlu5 receptors under voltage clamp conditions and these disappeared after washout. However, voltage-gated calcium currents were inhibited by the mGlu5 receptor agonist, even after washout. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS These results suggest that, in sensory neurons, mGlu5 receptors biphasically modulate TRPV1-mediated intracellular calcium response via transient potentiation of TRPV1 channel-induced currents and persistent inhibition of voltage-gated calcium currents, contributing to heat hyper- and hypoalgesia.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Masuoka
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Japan
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49
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Ranade SS, Qiu Z, Woo SH, Hur SS, Murthy SE, Cahalan SM, Xu J, Mathur J, Bandell M, Coste B, Li YSJ, Chien S, Patapoutian A. Piezo1, a mechanically activated ion channel, is required for vascular development in mice. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2014; 111:10347-52. [PMID: 24958852 PMCID: PMC4104881 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1409233111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 574] [Impact Index Per Article: 57.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Mechanosensation is perhaps the last sensory modality not understood at the molecular level. Ion channels that sense mechanical force are postulated to play critical roles in a variety of biological processes including sensing touch/pain (somatosensation), sound (hearing), and shear stress (cardiovascular physiology); however, the identity of these ion channels has remained elusive. We previously identified Piezo1 and Piezo2 as mechanically activated cation channels that are expressed in many mechanosensitive cell types. Here, we show that Piezo1 is expressed in endothelial cells of developing blood vessels in mice. Piezo1-deficient embryos die at midgestation with defects in vascular remodeling, a process critically influenced by blood flow. We demonstrate that Piezo1 is activated by shear stress, the major type of mechanical force experienced by endothelial cells in response to blood flow. Furthermore, loss of Piezo1 in endothelial cells leads to deficits in stress fiber and cellular orientation in response to shear stress, linking Piezo1 mechanotransduction to regulation of cell morphology. These findings highlight an essential role of mammalian Piezo1 in vascular development during embryonic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjeev S Ranade
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute andDepartment of Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037
| | - Zhaozhu Qiu
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute andDepartment of Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037;Genomics Institute of the Novartis Research Foundation, San Diego, CA 92121; and
| | - Seung-Hyun Woo
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute andDepartment of Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037
| | - Sung Sik Hur
- Department of Bioengineering andInstitute of Engineering in Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92032
| | - Swetha E Murthy
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute andDepartment of Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037
| | - Stuart M Cahalan
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute andDepartment of Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037
| | - Jie Xu
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute andDepartment of Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037;Genomics Institute of the Novartis Research Foundation, San Diego, CA 92121; and
| | - Jayanti Mathur
- Genomics Institute of the Novartis Research Foundation, San Diego, CA 92121; and
| | - Michael Bandell
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute andDepartment of Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037;Genomics Institute of the Novartis Research Foundation, San Diego, CA 92121; and
| | - Bertrand Coste
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute andDepartment of Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037
| | - Yi-Shuan J Li
- Department of Bioengineering andInstitute of Engineering in Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92032
| | - Shu Chien
- Department of Bioengineering andInstitute of Engineering in Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92032
| | - Ardem Patapoutian
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute andDepartment of Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037;
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50
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Humidity sensation requires both mechanosensory and thermosensory pathways in Caenorhabditis elegans. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2014; 111:8269-74. [PMID: 24843133 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1322512111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
All terrestrial animals must find a proper level of moisture to ensure their health and survival. The cellular-molecular basis for sensing humidity is unknown in most animals, however. We used the model nematode Caenorhabditis elegans to uncover a mechanism for sensing humidity. We found that whereas C. elegans showed no obvious preference for humidity levels under standard culture conditions, worms displayed a strong preference after pairing starvation with different humidity levels, orienting to gradients as shallow as 0.03% relative humidity per millimeter. Cell-specific ablation and rescue experiments demonstrate that orientation to humidity in C. elegans requires the obligatory combination of distinct mechanosensitive and thermosensitive pathways. The mechanosensitive pathway requires a conserved DEG/ENaC/ASIC mechanoreceptor complex in the FLP neuron pair. Because humidity levels influence the hydration of the worm's cuticle, our results suggest that FLP may convey humidity information by reporting the degree that subcuticular dendritic sensory branches of FLP neurons are stretched by hydration. The thermosensitive pathway requires cGMP-gated channels in the AFD neuron pair. Because humidity levels affect evaporative cooling, AFD may convey humidity information by reporting thermal flux. Thus, humidity sensation arises as a metamodality in C. elegans that requires the integration of parallel mechanosensory and thermosensory pathways. This hygrosensation strategy, first proposed by Thunberg more than 100 y ago, may be conserved because the underlying pathways have cellular and molecular equivalents across a wide range of species, including insects and humans.
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