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Chu HY. Motor cortical circuit adaptations in parkinsonism. Neural Regen Res 2024; 19:2107-2108. [PMID: 38488541 PMCID: PMC11034584 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.392884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/24/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Yuan Chu
- Department of Neurodegenerative Science, Van Andel Research Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, USA Aligning Science Across Parkinson’s (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD, USA
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2
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Ricci A, Rubino E, Serra GP, Wallén-Mackenzie Å. Concerning neuromodulation as treatment of neurological and neuropsychiatric disorder: Insights gained from selective targeting of the subthalamic nucleus, para-subthalamic nucleus and zona incerta in rodents. Neuropharmacology 2024; 256:110003. [PMID: 38789078 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2024.110003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Neuromodulation such as deep brain stimulation (DBS) is advancing as a clinical intervention in several neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders, including Parkinson's disease, dystonia, tremor, and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) for which DBS is already applied to alleviate severely afflicted individuals of symptoms. Tourette syndrome and drug addiction are two additional disorders for which DBS is in trial or proposed as treatment. However, some major remaining obstacles prevent this intervention from reaching its full therapeutic potential. Side-effects have been reported, and not all DBS-treated individuals are relieved of their symptoms. One major target area for DBS electrodes is the subthalamic nucleus (STN) which plays important roles in motor, affective and associative functions, with impact on for example movement, motivation, impulsivity, compulsivity, as well as both reward and aversion. The multifunctionality of the STN is complex. Decoding the anatomical-functional organization of the STN could enhance strategic targeting in human patients. The STN is located in close proximity to zona incerta (ZI) and the para-subthalamic nucleus (pSTN). Together, the STN, pSTN and ZI form a highly heterogeneous and clinically important brain area. Rodent-based experimental studies, including opto- and chemogenetics as well as viral-genetic tract tracings, provide unique insight into complex neuronal circuitries and their impact on behavior with high spatial and temporal precision. This research field has advanced tremendously over the past few years. Here, we provide an inclusive review of current literature in the pre-clinical research fields centered around STN, pSTN and ZI in laboratory mice and rats; the three highly heterogeneous and enigmatic structures brought together in the context of relevance for treatment strategies. Specific emphasis is placed on methods of manipulation and behavioral impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessia Ricci
- Uppsala University, Department of Organism Biology, 756 32 Uppsala, Sweden; Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD 20815, USA
| | - Eleonora Rubino
- Uppsala University, Department of Organism Biology, 756 32 Uppsala, Sweden; Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD 20815, USA
| | - Gian Pietro Serra
- Uppsala University, Department of Organism Biology, 756 32 Uppsala, Sweden; Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD 20815, USA
| | - Åsa Wallén-Mackenzie
- Uppsala University, Department of Organism Biology, 756 32 Uppsala, Sweden; Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD 20815, USA.
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3
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Lefaucheur JP, Moro E, Shirota Y, Ugawa Y, Grippe T, Chen R, Benninger DH, Jabbari B, Attaripour S, Hallett M, Paulus W. Clinical neurophysiology in the treatment of movement disorders: IFCN handbook chapter. Clin Neurophysiol 2024; 164:57-99. [PMID: 38852434 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2024.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 03/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
In this review, different aspects of the use of clinical neurophysiology techniques for the treatment of movement disorders are addressed. First of all, these techniques can be used to guide neuromodulation techniques or to perform therapeutic neuromodulation as such. Neuromodulation includes invasive techniques based on the surgical implantation of electrodes and a pulse generator, such as deep brain stimulation (DBS) or spinal cord stimulation (SCS) on the one hand, and non-invasive techniques aimed at modulating or even lesioning neural structures by transcranial application. Movement disorders are one of the main areas of indication for the various neuromodulation techniques. This review focuses on the following techniques: DBS, repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS), low-intensity transcranial electrical stimulation, including transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) and transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS), and focused ultrasound (FUS), including high-intensity magnetic resonance-guided FUS (MRgFUS), and pulsed mode low-intensity transcranial FUS stimulation (TUS). The main clinical conditions in which neuromodulation has proven its efficacy are Parkinson's disease, dystonia, and essential tremor, mainly using DBS or MRgFUS. There is also some evidence for Tourette syndrome (DBS), Huntington's disease (DBS), cerebellar ataxia (tDCS), and axial signs (SCS) and depression (rTMS) in PD. The development of non-invasive transcranial neuromodulation techniques is limited by the short-term clinical impact of these techniques, especially rTMS, in the context of very chronic diseases. However, at-home use (tDCS) or current advances in the design of closed-loop stimulation (tACS) may open new perspectives for the application of these techniques in patients, favored by their easier use and lower rate of adverse effects compared to invasive or lesioning methods. Finally, this review summarizes the evidence for keeping the use of electromyography to optimize the identification of muscles to be treated with botulinum toxin injection, which is indicated and widely performed for the treatment of various movement disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Pascal Lefaucheur
- Clinical Neurophysiology Unit, Henri Mondor University Hospital, AP-HP, Créteil, France; EA 4391, ENT Team, Paris-Est Créteil University, Créteil, France.
| | - Elena Moro
- Grenoble Alpes University, Division of Neurology, CHU of Grenoble, Grenoble Institute of Neuroscience, Grenoble, France
| | - Yuichiro Shirota
- Department of Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshikazu Ugawa
- Department of Human Neurophysiology, School of Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Talyta Grippe
- Division of Neurology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Neuroscience Graduate Program, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil; Krembil Brain Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Robert Chen
- Division of Neurology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Krembil Brain Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - David H Benninger
- Service of Neurology, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Bahman Jabbari
- Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Sanaz Attaripour
- Department of Neurology, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Mark Hallett
- Human Motor Control Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Walter Paulus
- Department of Neurology, Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Germany
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Chu HY, Smith Y, Lytton WW, Grafton S, Villalba R, Masilamoni G, Wichmann T. Dysfunction of motor cortices in Parkinson's disease. Cereb Cortex 2024; 34:bhae294. [PMID: 39066504 PMCID: PMC11281850 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhae294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2024] [Revised: 06/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The cerebral cortex has long been thought to be involved in the pathophysiology of motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease. The impaired cortical function is believed to be a direct and immediate effect of pathologically patterned basal ganglia output, mediated to the cerebral cortex by way of the ventral motor thalamus. However, recent studies in humans with Parkinson's disease and in animal models of the disease have provided strong evidence suggesting that the involvement of the cerebral cortex is much broader than merely serving as a passive conduit for subcortical disturbances. In the present review, we discuss Parkinson's disease-related changes in frontal cortical motor regions, focusing on neuropathology, plasticity, changes in neurotransmission, and altered network interactions. We will also examine recent studies exploring the cortical circuits as potential targets for neuromodulation to treat Parkinson's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Yuan Chu
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson’s (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD 20815, United States
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Georgetown University Medical Center, 3900 Reservoir Rd N.W., Washington D.C. 20007, United States
| | - Yoland Smith
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson’s (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD 20815, United States
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Emory University, 12 Executive Drive N.E., Atlanta, GA 30329, United States
- Emory National Primate Research Center, 954 Gatewood Road N.E., Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, United States
| | - William W Lytton
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson’s (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD 20815, United States
- Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, 450 Clarkson Avenue, Brooklyn, NY 11203, United States
- Department of Neurology, Kings County Hospital, 451 Clarkson Avenue,Brooklyn, NY 11203, United States
| | - Scott Grafton
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson’s (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD 20815, United States
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of California, 551 UCEN Road, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, United States
| | - Rosa Villalba
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson’s (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD 20815, United States
- Emory National Primate Research Center, 954 Gatewood Road N.E., Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, United States
| | - Gunasingh Masilamoni
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson’s (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD 20815, United States
- Emory National Primate Research Center, 954 Gatewood Road N.E., Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, United States
| | - Thomas Wichmann
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson’s (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD 20815, United States
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Emory University, 12 Executive Drive N.E., Atlanta, GA 30329, United States
- Emory National Primate Research Center, 954 Gatewood Road N.E., Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, United States
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Doherty DW, Chen L, Smith Y, Wichmann T, Chu HY, Lytton WW. Decreased cellular excitability of pyramidal tract neurons in primary motor cortex leads to paradoxically increased network activity in simulated parkinsonian motor cortex. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.05.23.595566. [PMID: 38948850 PMCID: PMC11212883 DOI: 10.1101/2024.05.23.595566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
Decreased excitability of pyramidal tract neurons in layer 5B (PT5B) of primary motor cortex (M1) has recently been shown in a dopamine-depleted mouse model of parkinsonism. We hypothesized that decreased PT5B neuron excitability would substantially disrupt oscillatory and non-oscillatory firing patterns of neurons in layer 5 (L5) of primary motor cortex (M1). To test this hypothesis, we performed computer simulations using a previously validated computer model of mouse M1. Inclusion of the experimentally identified parkinsonism-associated decrease of PT5B excitability into our computational model produced a paradoxical increase in rest-state PT5B firing rate, as well as an increase in beta-band oscillatory power in local field potential (LFP). In the movement-state, PT5B population firing and LFP showed reduced beta and increased high-beta, low-gamma activity of 20-35 Hz in the parkinsonian, but not in control condition. The appearance of beta-band oscillations in parkinsonism would be expected to disrupt normal M1 motor output and contribute to motor activity deficits seen in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD).
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Affiliation(s)
- Donald W Doherty
- Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD, 20815
| | - Liqiang Chen
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington D.C., USA
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD, 20815
| | - Yoland Smith
- Emory National Primate Research Center, Department of Neurology, Udall Center of Excellence for Parkinson's Disease Research, Emory University, School of Medicine, Atlanta GA 30329 USA
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD, 20815
| | - Thomas Wichmann
- Emory National Primate Research Center, Department of Neurology, Udall Center of Excellence for Parkinson's Disease Research, Emory University, School of Medicine, Atlanta GA 30329 USA
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD, 20815
| | - Hong-Yuan Chu
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington D.C., USA
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD, 20815
| | - William W Lytton
- Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA
- Kings County Hospital, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD, 20815
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Wang X, Chen M, Shen Y, Li Y, Li S, Xu Y, Liu Y, Su F, Xin T. A longitudinal electrophysiological and behavior dataset for PD rat in response to deep brain stimulation. Sci Data 2024; 11:500. [PMID: 38750096 PMCID: PMC11096386 DOI: 10.1038/s41597-024-03356-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Here we presented an electrophysiological dataset collected from layer V of the primary motor cortex (M1) and the corresponding behavior dataset from normal and hemi-parkinson rats over 5 consecutive weeks. The electrophysiological dataset was constituted by the raw wideband signal, neuronal spikes, and local field potential (LFP) signal. The open-field test was done and recorded to evaluate the behavior variation of rats among the entire experimental cycle. We conducted technical validation of this dataset through sorting the spike data to form action potential waveforms and analyzing the spectral power of LFP data, then based on these findings a closed-loop DBS protocol was developed by the oscillation activity response of M1 LFP signal. Additionally, this protocol was applied to the hemi-parkinson rat for five consecutive days while simultaneously recording the electrophysiological data. This dataset is currently the only publicly available dataset that includes longitudinal closed-loop DBS recordings, which can be utilized to investigate variations of neuronal activity within the M1 following long-term closed-loop DBS, and explore additional reliable biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofeng Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, 250014, China
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, 250117, China
| | - Min Chen
- Department of Radiology, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, 271016, China
| | - Yin Shen
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, 250117, China
| | - Yuming Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Shengjie Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Yuanhao Xu
- Centre for Biosystems, Neuroscience, and Nanotechnology, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, 250117, China
- Division of Nuclear Technology and Applications, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Fei Su
- Department of Radiology, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, 271016, China.
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Taian, China.
| | - Tao Xin
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, 250014, China.
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, 250117, China.
- Shandong Institute of Brain Science and Brain-inspired Research, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, 250117, China.
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Boschen SL, Seethaler J, Wang S, Lujan WD, Silvernail JL, Carter RE, Chang SY, Lujan JL. Midbrain dopaminergic degeneration differentially modulates primary motor cortex activity and motor behavior in hemi-parkinsonian rats. RESEARCH SQUARE 2024:rs.3.rs-4365911. [PMID: 38798359 PMCID: PMC11118689 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-4365911/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is marked by degeneration in the nigrostriatal dopaminergic pathway, affecting motor control via complex changes in the cortico-basal ganglia-thalamic motor network, including the primary motor cortex (M1). The modulation of M1 neuronal activity by dopaminergic inputs, particularly from the ventral tegmental area (VTA) and substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc), plays a crucial role in PD pathophysiology. This study investigates how nigrostriatal dopaminergic degeneration influences M1 neuronal activity in rats using in vivo calcium imaging. Histological analysis confirmed dopaminergic lesion severity, with high lesion level rats showing significant motor deficits. Levodopa treatment improved fine motor abilities, particularly in high lesion level rats. Analysis of M1 calcium signals based on dopaminergic lesion severity revealed distinct M1 activity patterns. Animals with low dopaminergic lesion showed increased calcium events, while high lesion level rats exhibited decreased activity, partially restored by levodopa. These findings suggest that M1 activity is more sensitive to transient fluctuations in dopaminergic transmission, rather than to chronic high or low dopaminergic signaling. This study underscores the complex interplay between dopaminergic signaling and M1 neuronal activity in PD symptoms development. Further research integrating behavioral and calcium imaging data can elucidate mechanisms underlying motor deficits and therapeutic responses in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Shaohua Wang
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences
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Borgheai SB, Opri E, Isbaine F, Cole E, Deligani RJ, Laxpati N, Risk BB, Willie JT, Gross RE, Yong NA, McIntyre CC, Miocinovic S. Neural pathway activation in the subthalamic region depends on stimulation polarity. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2024:2024.05.01.24306044. [PMID: 38746250 PMCID: PMC11092741 DOI: 10.1101/2024.05.01.24306044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is an effective treatment for Parkinson's disease (PD); however, there is limited understanding of which subthalamic pathways are recruited in response to stimulation. Here, by focusing on the polarity of the stimulus waveform (cathodic vs. anodic), our goal was to elucidate biophysical mechanisms that underlie electrical stimulation in the human brain. In clinical studies, cathodic stimulation more easily triggers behavioral responses, but anodic DBS broadens the therapeutic window. This suggests that neural pathways involved respond preferentially depending on stimulus polarity. To experimentally compare the activation of therapeutically relevant pathways during cathodic and anodic subthalamic nucleus (STN) DBS, pathway activation was quantified by measuring evoked potentials resulting from antidromic or orthodromic activation in 15 PD patients undergoing DBS implantation. Cortical evoked potentials (cEP) were recorded using subdural electrocorticography, DBS local evoked potentials (DLEP) were recorded from non-stimulating contacts and EMG activity was recorded from arm and face muscles. We measured: 1) the amplitude of short-latency cEP, previously demonstrated to reflect activation of the cortico-STN hyperdirect pathway, 2) DLEP amplitude thought to reflect activation of STN-globus pallidus (GP) pathway, and 3) amplitudes of very short-latency cEP and motor evoked potentials (mEP) for activation of cortico-spinal/bulbar tract (CSBT). We constructed recruitment and strength-duration curves for each EP/pathway to compare the excitability for different stimulation polarities. We compared experimental data with the most advanced DBS computational models. Our results provide experimental evidence that subcortical cathodic and anodic stimulation activate the same pathways in the STN region and that cathodic stimulation is in general more efficient. However, relative efficiency varies for different pathways so that anodic stimulation is the least efficient in activating CSBT, more efficient in activating the HDP and as efficient as cathodic in activating STN-GP pathway. Our experiments confirm biophysical model predictions regarding neural activations in the central nervous system and provide evidence that stimulus polarity has differential effects on passing axons, terminal synapses, and local neurons. Comparison of experimental results with clinical DBS studies provides further evidence that the hyperdirect pathway may be involved in the therapeutic mechanisms of DBS.
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Cherian S, Simms G, Chen L, Chu HY. Loss of Midbrain Dopamine Neurons Does Not Alter GABAergic Inhibition Mediated by Parvalbumin-Expressing Interneurons in Mouse Primary Motor Cortex. eNeuro 2024; 11:ENEURO.0010-24.2024. [PMID: 38658137 PMCID: PMC11082919 DOI: 10.1523/eneuro.0010-24.2024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The primary motor cortex (M1) integrates sensory and cognitive inputs to generate voluntary movement. Its functional impairments have been implicated in the pathophysiology of motor symptoms in Parkinson's disease (PD). Specifically, dopaminergic degeneration and basal ganglia dysfunction entrain M1 neurons into the abnormally synchronized bursting pattern of activity throughout the cortico-basal ganglia-thalamocortical network. However, how degeneration of the midbrain dopaminergic neurons affects the anatomy, microcircuit connectivity, and function of the M1 network remains poorly understood. The present study examined whether and how the loss of dopamine (DA) affects the morphology, cellular excitability, and synaptic physiology of Layer 5 parvalbumin-expressing (PV+) cells in the M1 of mice of both sexes. Here, we reported that loss of midbrain dopaminergic neurons does not alter the number, morphology, and physiology of Layer 5 PV+ cells in M1. Moreover, we demonstrated that the number of perisomatic PV+ puncta of M1 pyramidal neurons as well as their functional innervation of cortical pyramidal neurons were not altered following the loss of DA. Together, the present study documents an intact GABAergic inhibitory network formed by PV+ cells following the loss of midbrain dopaminergic neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suraj Cherian
- Department of Neurodegenerative Science, Van Andel Research Institute, Grand Rapids, Michigan 49503
| | - Gabriel Simms
- Department of Neurodegenerative Science, Van Andel Research Institute, Grand Rapids, Michigan 49503
| | - Liqiang Chen
- Department of Neurodegenerative Science, Van Andel Research Institute, Grand Rapids, Michigan 49503
| | - Hong-Yuan Chu
- Department of Neurodegenerative Science, Van Andel Research Institute, Grand Rapids, Michigan 49503
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Liang T, Yang SX, Qian C, Du LD, Qian ZM, Yung WH, Ke Y. HMGB1 Mediates Inflammation-Induced DMT1 Increase and Dopaminergic Neurodegeneration in the Early Stage of Parkinsonism. Mol Neurobiol 2024; 61:2006-2020. [PMID: 37833459 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03668-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
Both neuroinflammation and iron accumulation play roles in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease (PD). However, whether inflammation induces iron dyshomeostasis in dopaminergic neurons at an early stage of PD, at which no quantifiable dopaminergic neuron loss can be observed, is still unknown. As for the inflammation mediators, although several cytokines have been reported to increase in PD, the functions of these cytokines in the SN are double-edged and controversial. In this study, whether inflammation could induce iron dyshomeostasis in dopaminergic neurons through high mobility group protein B1 (HMGB1) in the early stage of PD is explored. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a toxin that primarily activates glia cells, and 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA), the neurotoxin that firstly impacts dopaminergic neurons, were utilized to mimic PD in rats. We found a common and exceedingly early over-production of HMGB1, followed by an increase of divalent metal transporter 1 with iron responsive element (DMT1+) in the dopaminergic neurons before quantifiable neuronal loss. HMGB1 neutralizing antibody suppressed inflammation in the SN, DMT1+ elevation in dopaminergic neurons, and dopaminergic neuronal loss in both LPS and 6-OHDA administration- induced PD models. On the contrary, interleukin-1β inhibitor diacerein failed to suppress these outcomes induced by 6-OHDA. Our findings not only demonstrate that inflammation could be one of the causes of DMT1+ increase in dopaminergic neurons, but also highlight HMGB1 as a pivotal early mediator of inflammation-induced iron increase and subsequent neurodegeneration, thereby HMGB1 could serve as a potential target for early-stage PD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuo Liang
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Shatin, China
| | - Sheng-Xi Yang
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Shatin, China
| | - Christopher Qian
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Shatin, China
| | - Li-Da Du
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Shatin, China
| | - Zhong-Ming Qian
- Institute of Translational and Precision Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China
| | - Wing-Ho Yung
- Department of Neuroscience, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ya Ke
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Shatin, China.
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11
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Kumar G, Zhou Z, Wang Z, Kwan KM, Tin C, Ma CHE. Real-time field-programmable gate array-based closed-loop deep brain stimulation platform targeting cerebellar circuitry rescues motor deficits in a mouse model of cerebellar ataxia. CNS Neurosci Ther 2024; 30:e14638. [PMID: 38488445 PMCID: PMC10941591 DOI: 10.1111/cns.14638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024] Open
Abstract
AIMS The open-loop nature of conventional deep brain stimulation (DBS) produces continuous and excessive stimulation to patients which contributes largely to increased prevalence of adverse side effects. Cerebellar ataxia is characterized by abnormal Purkinje cells (PCs) dendritic arborization, loss of PCs and motor coordination, and muscle weakness with no effective treatment. We aim to develop a real-time field-programmable gate array (FPGA) prototype targeting the deep cerebellar nuclei (DCN) to close the loop for ataxia using conditional double knockout mice with deletion of PC-specific LIM homeobox (Lhx)1 and Lhx5, resulting in abnormal dendritic arborization and motor deficits. METHODS We implanted multielectrode array in the DCN and muscles of ataxia mice. The beneficial effect of open-loop DCN-DBS or closed-loop DCN-DBS was compared by motor behavioral assessments, electromyography (EMG), and neural activities (neurospike and electroencephalogram) in freely moving mice. FPGA board, which performed complex real-time computation, was used for closed-loop DCN-DBS system. RESULTS Closed-loop DCN-DBS was triggered only when symptomatic muscle EMG was detected in a real-time manner, which restored motor activities, electroencephalogram activities and neurospike properties completely in ataxia mice. Closed-loop DCN-DBS was more effective than an open-loop paradigm as it reduced the frequency of DBS. CONCLUSION Our real-time FPGA-based DCN-DBS system could be a potential clinical strategy for alleviating cerebellar ataxia and other movement disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gajendra Kumar
- Department of NeuroscienceCity University of Hong KongHong KongHong Kong SAR
| | - Zhanhong Zhou
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringCity University of Hong KongHong KongHong Kong SAR
| | - Zhihua Wang
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringCity University of Hong KongHong KongHong Kong SAR
| | - Kin Ming Kwan
- School of Life Sciences, Center for Cell and Developmental Biology and State Key Laboratory of AgrobiotechnologyThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongHong Kong SAR
| | - Chung Tin
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringCity University of Hong KongHong KongHong Kong SAR
| | - Chi Him Eddie Ma
- Department of NeuroscienceCity University of Hong KongHong KongHong Kong SAR
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12
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O'Keeffe AB, Merla A, Ashkan K. Deep brain stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus in Parkinson disease 2013-2023: where are we a further 10 years on? Br J Neurosurg 2024:1-9. [PMID: 38323603 DOI: 10.1080/02688697.2024.2311128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
Deep brain stimulation has been in clinical use for 30 years and during that time it has changed markedly from a small-scale treatment employed by only a few highly specialized centers into a widespread keystone approach to the management of disorders such as Parkinson's disease. In the intervening decades, many of the broad principles of deep brain stimulation have remained unchanged, that of electrode insertion into stereotactically targeted brain nuclei, however the underlying technology and understanding around the approach have progressed markedly. Some of the most significant advances have taken place over the last decade with the advent of artificial intelligence, directional electrodes, stimulation/recording implantable pulse generators and the potential for remote programming among many other innovations. New therapeutic targets are being assessed for their potential benefits and a surge in the number of deep brain stimulation implantations has given birth to a flourishing scientific literature surrounding the pathophysiology of brain disorders such as Parkinson's disease. Here we outline the developments of the last decade and look to the future of deep brain stimulation to attempt to discern some of the most promising lines of inquiry in this fast-paced and rapidly evolving field.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anca Merla
- King's College Hospital Department of Neurosurgery, Kings College Hospital, Denmark
| | - Keyoumars Ashkan
- King's College Hospital Department of Neurosurgery, Kings College Hospital, Denmark
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13
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Xu W, Wang J, Li XN, Liang J, Song L, Wu Y, Liu Z, Sun B, Li WG. Neuronal and synaptic adaptations underlying the benefits of deep brain stimulation for Parkinson's disease. Transl Neurodegener 2023; 12:55. [PMID: 38037124 PMCID: PMC10688037 DOI: 10.1186/s40035-023-00390-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is a well-established and effective treatment for patients with advanced Parkinson's disease (PD), yet its underlying mechanisms remain enigmatic. Optogenetics, primarily conducted in animal models, provides a unique approach that allows cell type- and projection-specific modulation that mirrors the frequency-dependent stimulus effects of DBS. Opto-DBS research in animal models plays a pivotal role in unraveling the neuronal and synaptic adaptations that contribute to the efficacy of DBS in PD treatment. DBS-induced neuronal responses rely on a complex interplay between the distributions of presynaptic inputs, frequency-dependent synaptic depression, and the intrinsic excitability of postsynaptic neurons. This orchestration leads to conversion of firing patterns, enabling both antidromic and orthodromic modulation of neural circuits. Understanding these mechanisms is vital for decoding position- and programming-dependent effects of DBS. Furthermore, patterned stimulation is emerging as a promising strategy yielding long-lasting therapeutic benefits. Research on the neuronal and synaptic adaptations to DBS may pave the way for the development of more enduring and precise modulation patterns. Advanced technologies, such as adaptive DBS or directional electrodes, can also be integrated for circuit-specific neuromodulation. These insights hold the potential to greatly improve the effectiveness of DBS and advance PD treatment to new levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenying Xu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Institute for Translational Brain Research, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and Ministry of Education Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Center for Functional Neurosurgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Institute for Translational Brain Research, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and Ministry of Education Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Department of Neurology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Xin-Ni Li
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Institute for Translational Brain Research, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and Ministry of Education Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Jingxue Liang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Institute for Translational Brain Research, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and Ministry of Education Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Department of Neurology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Lu Song
- Department of Neurology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Yi Wu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Institute for Translational Brain Research, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and Ministry of Education Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Zhenguo Liu
- Department of Neurology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China.
| | - Bomin Sun
- Department of Neurosurgery, Center for Functional Neurosurgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China.
| | - Wei-Guang Li
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Institute for Translational Brain Research, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and Ministry of Education Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
- Ministry of Education-Shanghai Key Laboratory for Children's Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China.
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Neumann WJ, Steiner LA, Milosevic L. Neurophysiological mechanisms of deep brain stimulation across spatiotemporal resolutions. Brain 2023; 146:4456-4468. [PMID: 37450573 PMCID: PMC10629774 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awad239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 06/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Deep brain stimulation is a neuromodulatory treatment for managing the symptoms of Parkinson's disease and other neurological and psychiatric disorders. Electrodes are chronically implanted in disease-relevant brain regions and pulsatile electrical stimulation delivery is intended to restore neurocircuit function. However, the widespread interest in the application and expansion of this clinical therapy has preceded an overarching understanding of the neurocircuit alterations invoked by deep brain stimulation. Over the years, various forms of neurophysiological evidence have emerged which demonstrate changes to brain activity across spatiotemporal resolutions; from single neuron, to local field potential, to brain-wide cortical network effects. Though fruitful, such studies have often led to debate about a singular putative mechanism. In this Update we aim to produce an integrative account of complementary instead of mutually exclusive neurophysiological effects to derive a generalizable concept of the mechanisms of deep brain stimulation. In particular, we offer a critical review of the most common historical competing theories, an updated discussion on recent literature from animal and human neurophysiological studies, and a synthesis of synaptic and network effects of deep brain stimulation across scales of observation, including micro-, meso- and macroscale circuit alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wolf-Julian Neumann
- Movement Disorder and Neuromodulation Unit, Department of Neurology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin 10117, Germany
| | - Leon A Steiner
- Movement Disorder and Neuromodulation Unit, Department of Neurology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin 10117, Germany
- Department of Clinical and Computational Neuroscience, Krembil Brain Institute, University Health Network, Toronto M5T 1M8, Canada
| | - Luka Milosevic
- Department of Clinical and Computational Neuroscience, Krembil Brain Institute, University Health Network, Toronto M5T 1M8, Canada
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Institute of Medical Sciences, and CRANIA Neuromodulation Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto M5S 3G9, Canada
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15
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Du L, He X, Fan X, Wei X, Xu L, Liang T, Wang C, Ke Y, Yung WH. Pharmacological interventions targeting α-synuclein aggregation triggered REM sleep behavior disorder and early development of Parkinson's disease. Pharmacol Ther 2023; 249:108498. [PMID: 37499913 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2023.108498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 06/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Rapid eye movement (REM) sleep behavior disorder (RBD) is a parasomnia characterized by elevated motor behaviors and dream enactments in REM sleep, often preceding the diagnosis of Parkinson's disease (PD). As RBD could serve as a biomarker for early PD developments, pharmacological interventions targeting α-synuclein aggregation triggered RBD could be applied toward early PD progression. However, robust therapeutic guidelines toward PD-induced RBD are lacking, owing in part to a historical paucity of effective treatments and trials. We reviewed the bidirectional links between α-synuclein neurodegeneration, progressive sleep disorders, and RBD. We highlighted the correlation between RBD development, α-synuclein aggregation, and neuronal apoptosis in key brainstem regions involved in REM sleep atonia maintenance. The current pharmacological intervention strategies targeting RBD and their effects on progressive PD are discussed, as well as current treatments for progressive neurodegeneration and their effects on RBD. We also evaluated emerging and potential pharmacological solutions to sleep disorders and developing synucleinopathies. This review provides insights into the mechanisms and therapeutic targets underlying RBD and PD, and explores bidirectional treatment effects for both diseases, underscoring the need for further research in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lida Du
- Institute of Molecular Medicine & Innovative Pharmaceutics, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China; School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Xiaoli He
- Institute of Medical Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaonuo Fan
- Department of Biology, Boston University, Boston, USA
| | - Xiaoya Wei
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, USA
| | - Linhao Xu
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Tuo Liang
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Institute of Neurological and Psychiatric Disorders, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, China
| | - Chunbo Wang
- Institute of Molecular Medicine & Innovative Pharmaceutics, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Ya Ke
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wing-Ho Yung
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Department of Neuroscience, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
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16
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Campbell BA, Favi Bocca L, Tiefenbach J, Hogue O, Nagel SJ, Rammo R, Escobar Sanabria D, Machado AG, Baker KB. Myogenic and cortical evoked potentials vary as a function of stimulus pulse geometry delivered in the subthalamic nucleus of Parkinson's disease patients. Front Neurol 2023; 14:1216916. [PMID: 37693765 PMCID: PMC10484227 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2023.1216916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The therapeutic efficacy of deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the subthalamic nucleus (STN) for Parkinson's disease (PD) may be limited for some patients by the presence of stimulation-related side effects. Such effects are most often attributed to electrical current spread beyond the target region. Prior computational modeling studies have suggested that changing the degree of asymmetry of the individual phases of the biphasic, stimulus pulse may allow for more selective activation of neural elements in the target region. To the extent that different neural elements contribute to the therapeutic vs. side-effect inducing effects of DBS, such improved selectivity may provide a new parameter for optimizing DBS to increase the therapeutic window. Methods We investigated the effect of six different pulse geometries on cortical and myogenic evoked potentials in eight patients with PD whose leads were temporarily externalized following STN DBS implant surgery. DBS-cortical evoked potentials were quantified using peak to peak measurements and wavelets and myogenic potentials were quantified using RMS. Results We found that the slope of the recruitment curves differed significantly as a function of pulse geometry for both the cortical- and myogenic responses. Notably, this effect was observed most frequently when stimulation was delivered using a monopolar, as opposed to a bipolar, configuration. Discussion Manipulating pulse geometry results in differential physiological effects at both the cortical and neuromuscular level. Exploiting these differences may help to expand DBS' therapeutic window and support the potential for incorporating pulse geometry as an additional parameter for optimizing therapeutic benefit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brett A. Campbell
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
- Department of Neurosciences, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Leonardo Favi Bocca
- Center for Neurological Restoration, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Jakov Tiefenbach
- Department of Neurosciences, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Olivia Hogue
- Center for Quantitative Health Sciences, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Sean J. Nagel
- Center for Neurological Restoration, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Richard Rammo
- Center for Neurological Restoration, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - David Escobar Sanabria
- Center for Neurological Restoration, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Andre G. Machado
- Department of Neurosciences, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States
- Center for Neurological Restoration, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Kenneth B. Baker
- Department of Neurosciences, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States
- Center for Neurological Restoration, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States
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17
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Cassar IR, Grill WM. The Therapeutic Frequency Profile of Subthalamic Nucleus Deep Brain Stimulation in Rats Is Shaped by Antidromic Spike Failure. J Neurosci 2023; 43:5114-5127. [PMID: 37328290 PMCID: PMC10324992 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.1798-22.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The therapeutic mechanisms of subthalamic nucleus (STN) deep brain stimulation (DBS) may depend on antidromic activation of cortex via the hyperdirect pathway. However, hyperdirect pathway neurons cannot reliably follow high-stimulation frequencies, and the spike failure rate appears to correlate with symptom relief as a function of stimulation frequency. We hypothesized that antidromic spike failure contributes to the cortical desynchronization caused by DBS. We measured in vivo evoked cortical activity in female Sprague Dawley rats and developed a computational model of cortical activation from STN DBS. We modeled stochastic antidromic spike failure to determine how spike failure affected the desynchronization of pathophysiological oscillatory activity in cortex. We found that high-frequency STN DBS desynchronized pathologic oscillations via the masking of intrinsic spiking through a combination of spike collision, refractoriness, and synaptic depletion. Antidromic spike failure shaped the parabolic relationship between DBS frequency and cortical desynchronization, with maximum desynchronization at ∼130 Hz. These findings reveal that antidromic spike failure plays a critical role in mediating the dependency of symptom relief on stimulation frequency.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is a highly effective neuromodulation therapy, yet it remains uncertain why conventionally used stimulation frequencies (e.g., ∼130 Hz) are optimal. In this study, we demonstrate a potential explanation for the stimulation frequency dependency of DBS through a combination of in vivo experimental measurements and computational modeling. We show that high-frequency stimulation can desynchronize pathologic firing patterns in populations of neurons by inducing an informational lesion. However, sporadic spike failure at these high frequencies limits the efficacy of the informational lesion, yielding a parabolic profile with optimal effects at ∼130 Hz. This work provides a potential explanation for the therapeutic mechanism of DBS, and highlights the importance of considering spike failure in mechanistic models of DBS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isaac R Cassar
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708
| | - Warren M Grill
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708
- Departments of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Neurobiology, and Neurosurgery, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708
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18
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Xie S, Yao Y, Wen H, Li Y, Lyu L, Wang X, Li J, Yan S, Zuo C, Wang Z, Qi X. Function of secretoneurin in regulating the expression of reproduction-related genes in ovoviviparous black rockfish (Sebastes schlegelii). Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol 2023; 266:110852. [PMID: 37028701 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2023.110852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2023]
Abstract
Secretoneurin (SN), a conserved peptide derived from secretogranin-2 (scg2), also known as secretogranin II or chromogranin C, plays an important role in regulating gonadotropin in the pituitary, which affects the reproductive system. This study aimed to clarify the mode of action of scg2 in regulating gonad development and maturation and the expression of mating behavior-related genes. Two scg2 cDNAs were cloned from the ovoviviparity teleost black rockfish (Sebastes schlegelii). In situ hybridization detected positive scg2 mRNA signals in the telencephalon and hypothalamus, where sgnrh and kisspeptin neurons were reported to be located and potentially regulated by scg2. In vivo, intracerebral ventricular injections of synthetic black rockfish SNa affected brain cgnrh, sgnrh, kisspeptin1, pituitary lh and fsh and gonad steroidogenesis-related gene expression levels with sex dimorphism. In vitro, a similar effect was found in primary cultured brain and pituitary cells. Thus, SN could contribute to the regulation of gonadal development, as well as reproductive behaviors, including mating and parturition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songyang Xie
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Yijia Yao
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Haishen Wen
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Yun Li
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Likang Lyu
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiaojie Wang
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Jianshuang Li
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Shaojing Yan
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Chenpeng Zuo
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Zhijun Wang
- Administration Department, Weihai Taifeng Seawater Seedling Co., LTD, Weihai, China
| | - Xin Qi
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China.
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19
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DBS-evoked cortical responses index optimal contact orientations and motor outcomes in Parkinson's disease. NPJ Parkinsons Dis 2023; 9:37. [PMID: 36906723 PMCID: PMC10008535 DOI: 10.1038/s41531-023-00474-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Although subthalamic deep brain stimulation (DBS) is a highly-effective treatment for alleviating motor dysfunction in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD), clinicians currently lack reliable neurophysiological correlates of clinical outcomes for optimizing DBS parameter settings, which may contribute to treatment inefficacies. One parameter that could aid DBS efficacy is the orientation of current administered, albeit the precise mechanisms underlying optimal contact orientations and associated clinical benefits are not well understood. Herein, 24 PD patients received monopolar stimulation of the left STN during magnetoencephalography and standardized movement protocols to interrogate the directional specificity of STN-DBS current administration on accelerometer metrics of fine hand movements. Our findings demonstrate that optimal contact orientations elicit larger DBS-evoked cortical responses in the ipsilateral sensorimotor cortex, and importantly, are differentially predictive of smoother movement profiles in a contact-dependent manner. Moreover, we summarize traditional evaluations of clinical efficacy (e.g., therapeutic windows, side effects) for a comprehensive review of optimal/non-optimal STN-DBS contact settings. Together, these data suggest that DBS-evoked cortical responses and quantitative movement outcomes may provide clinical insight for characterizing the optimal DBS parameters necessary for alleviating motor symptoms in patients with PD in the future.
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20
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Formaggio E, Tonellato M, Antonini A, Castiglia L, Gallo L, Manganotti P, Masiero S, Del Felice A. Oscillatory EEG-TMS Reactivity in Parkinson Disease. J Clin Neurophysiol 2023; 40:263-268. [PMID: 34280941 DOI: 10.1097/wnp.0000000000000881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE A dysfunction of beta oscillatory activity is the neurophysiological hallmark of Parkinson disease (PD). How cortical activity reacts to external perturbations may provide insight into pathophysiological mechanisms. This study aims at identifying modifications in EEG rhythms after transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) in PD. We hypothesize that single-pulse TMS can modulate brain intrinsic oscillatory properties (e.g., beta excess). METHODS EEG data were coregistered during single-pulse TMS (100 stimuli over the primary motor cortex [M1, hotspot for Abductor Pollicis Brevis], random intertrial interval from 8 to 13 seconds). We used a time-frequency analysis based on wavelet method to characterize modification of oscillatory rhythms (delta [1-4 Hz], theta [4-7 Hz], alpha [8-12 Hz], and beta [13-30 Hz] in 15 participants with PD compared with 10 healthy controls. RESULTS An increase in beta power over the sensorimotor areas was recorded at rest in the PD group ( P < 0.05). Brain oscillations in PD transiently reset after TMS: beta power over M1 becomes comparable to that recorded in aged-matched healthy subjects in the 2 seconds following TMS. CONCLUSIONS Transcranial magnetic stimulation over the dominant motor cortex transiently normalizes cortical oscillations. More user-friendly noninvasive brain stimulation needs to be trialed, based on this proof of concept, to provide practical, portable techniques to treat motor symptoms in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuela Formaggio
- Department of Neuroscience, Section of Rehabilitation, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Michele Tonellato
- Department of Neuroscience, Section of Rehabilitation, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Angelo Antonini
- Parkinson and Movement Disorders Unit, Study Centre on Neurodegeneration (CESNE), Department of Neuroscience, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- Padova Neuroscience Center, University of Padova, Padova, Italy; and
| | - Leonora Castiglia
- Department of Neuroscience, Section of Rehabilitation, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Laura Gallo
- Department of Neuroscience, Section of Rehabilitation, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Paolo Manganotti
- Neurology Section, Cattinara University Hospital, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Stefano Masiero
- Department of Neuroscience, Section of Rehabilitation, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- Padova Neuroscience Center, University of Padova, Padova, Italy; and
| | - Alessandra Del Felice
- Department of Neuroscience, Section of Rehabilitation, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- Padova Neuroscience Center, University of Padova, Padova, Italy; and
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D’Onofrio V, Manzo N, Guerra A, Landi A, Baro V, Määttä S, Weis L, Porcaro C, Corbetta M, Antonini A, Ferreri F. Combining Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation and Deep Brain Stimulation: Current Knowledge, Relevance and Future Perspectives. Brain Sci 2023; 13:brainsci13020349. [PMID: 36831892 PMCID: PMC9954740 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13020349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Deep brain stimulation (DBS) has emerged as an invasive neuromodulation technique for the treatment of several neurological disorders, but the mechanisms underlying its effects remain partially elusive. In this context, the application of Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) in patients treated with DBS represents an intriguing approach to investigate the neurophysiology of cortico-basal networks. Experimental studies combining TMS and DBS that have been performed so far have mainly aimed to evaluate the effects of DBS on the cerebral cortex and thus to provide insights into DBS's mechanisms of action. The modulation of cortical excitability and plasticity by DBS is emerging as a potential contributor to its therapeutic effects. Moreover, pairing DBS and TMS stimuli could represent a method to induce cortical synaptic plasticity, the therapeutic potential of which is still unexplored. Furthermore, the advent of new DBS technologies and novel treatment targets will present new research opportunities and prospects to investigate brain networks. However, the application of the combined TMS-DBS approach is currently limited by safety concerns. In this review, we sought to present an overview of studies performed by combining TMS and DBS in neurological disorders, as well as available evidence and recommendations on the safety of their combination. Additionally, we outline perspectives for future research by highlighting knowledge gaps and possible novel applications of this approach.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nicoletta Manzo
- IRCCS San Camillo Hospital, Via Alberoni 70, 0126 Venice, Italy
| | - Andrea Guerra
- IRCCS Neuromed, 86077 Pozzilli, Italy
- Department of Human Neurosciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Landi
- Academic Neurosurgery, Department of Neurosciences, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Valentina Baro
- Academic Neurosurgery, Department of Neurosciences, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Sara Määttä
- Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Kuopio University Hospital, University of Eastern Finland, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Luca Weis
- Parkinson’s Disease and Movement Disorders Unit, Department of Neuroscience, Centre for Rare Neurological Diseases (ERN-RND), University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Camillo Porcaro
- Padova Neuroscience Center (PNC), University of Padova, 35129 Padova, Italy
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy
- Institute of Cognitive Sciences, and Technologies (ISTC)-National Research Council (CNR), 00185 Rome, Italy
- Centre for Human Brain Health, School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Maurizio Corbetta
- Padova Neuroscience Center (PNC), University of Padova, 35129 Padova, Italy
- Unit of Neurology, Unit of Clinical Neurophysiology, Study Center of Neurodegeneration (CESNE), Department of Neuroscience, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy
- Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine, 35129 Padova, Italy
| | - Angelo Antonini
- Parkinson’s Disease and Movement Disorders Unit, Department of Neuroscience, Centre for Rare Neurological Diseases (ERN-RND), University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy
- Unit of Neurology, Unit of Clinical Neurophysiology, Study Center of Neurodegeneration (CESNE), Department of Neuroscience, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy
- Department of Neurology, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63108, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63108, USA
- Correspondence: (A.A.); (F.F.)
| | - Florinda Ferreri
- Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Kuopio University Hospital, University of Eastern Finland, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
- Unit of Neurology, Unit of Clinical Neurophysiology, Study Center of Neurodegeneration (CESNE), Department of Neuroscience, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy
- Correspondence: (A.A.); (F.F.)
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Peeters J, Boogers A, Van Bogaert T, Davidoff H, Gransier R, Wouters J, Nuttin B, Mc Laughlin M. Electrophysiologic Evidence That Directional Deep Brain Stimulation Activates Distinct Neural Circuits in Patients With Parkinson Disease. Neuromodulation 2023; 26:403-413. [PMID: 35088733 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurom.2021.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Deep brain stimulation (DBS) delivered via multicontact leads implanted in the basal ganglia is an established therapy to treat Parkinson disease (PD). However, the different neural circuits that can be modulated through stimulation on different DBS contacts are poorly understood. Evidence shows that electrically stimulating the subthalamic nucleus (STN) causes a therapeutic effect through antidromic activation of the hyperdirect pathway-a monosynaptic connection from the cortex to the STN. Recent studies suggest that stimulating the substantia nigra pars reticulata (SNr) may improve gait. The advent of directional DBS leads now provides a spatially precise means to probe these neural circuits and better understand how DBS affects distinct neural networks. MATERIALS AND METHODS We measured cortical evoked potentials (EPs) using electroencephalography (EEG) in response to low-frequency DBS using the different directional DBS contacts in eight patients with PD. RESULTS A short-latency EP at 3 milliseconds originating from the primary motor cortex appeared largest in amplitude when stimulating DBS contacts closest to the dorsolateral STN (p < 0.001). A long-latency EP at 10 milliseconds originating from the premotor cortex appeared strongest for DBS contacts closest to the SNr (p < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS Our results show that at the individual patient level, electrical stimulation of different nuclei produces distinct EP signatures. Our approach could be used to identify the functional location of each DBS contact and thus help patient-specific DBS programming. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION The ClinicalTrials.gov registration number for the study is NCT04658641.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Peeters
- Research Group Experimental Oto-rhino-laryngology, Department of Neurosciences, Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Alexandra Boogers
- Research Group Experimental Oto-rhino-laryngology, Department of Neurosciences, Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Department of Neurology, UZ Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Tine Van Bogaert
- Research Group Experimental Oto-rhino-laryngology, Department of Neurosciences, Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Hannah Davidoff
- Division of Animal and Human Health Engineering, Department of Biosystems, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Robin Gransier
- Research Group Experimental Oto-rhino-laryngology, Department of Neurosciences, Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jan Wouters
- Research Group Experimental Oto-rhino-laryngology, Department of Neurosciences, Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Bart Nuttin
- Division of Experimental Neurosurgery and Neuroanatomy, Department of Neurosciences, Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Department of Neurosurgery, UZ Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Myles Mc Laughlin
- Research Group Experimental Oto-rhino-laryngology, Department of Neurosciences, Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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23
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Weiss AR, Korzeniewska A, Chrabaszcz A, Bush A, Fiez JA, Crone NE, Richardson RM. Lexicality-Modulated Influence of Auditory Cortex on Subthalamic Nucleus During Motor Planning for Speech. NEUROBIOLOGY OF LANGUAGE (CAMBRIDGE, MASS.) 2023; 4:53-80. [PMID: 37229140 PMCID: PMC10205077 DOI: 10.1162/nol_a_00086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Speech requires successful information transfer within cortical-basal ganglia loop circuits to produce the desired acoustic output. For this reason, up to 90% of Parkinson's disease patients experience impairments of speech articulation. Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is highly effective in controlling the symptoms of Parkinson's disease, sometimes alongside speech improvement, but subthalamic nucleus (STN) DBS can also lead to decreases in semantic and phonological fluency. This paradox demands better understanding of the interactions between the cortical speech network and the STN, which can be investigated with intracranial EEG recordings collected during DBS implantation surgery. We analyzed the propagation of high-gamma activity between STN, superior temporal gyrus (STG), and ventral sensorimotor cortices during reading aloud via event-related causality, a method that estimates strengths and directionalities of neural activity propagation. We employed a newly developed bivariate smoothing model based on a two-dimensional moving average, which is optimal for reducing random noise while retaining a sharp step response, to ensure precise embedding of statistical significance in the time-frequency space. Sustained and reciprocal neural interactions between STN and ventral sensorimotor cortex were observed. Moreover, high-gamma activity propagated from the STG to the STN prior to speech onset. The strength of this influence was affected by the lexical status of the utterance, with increased activity propagation during word versus pseudoword reading. These unique data suggest a potential role for the STN in the feedforward control of speech.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander R. Weiss
- JHU Cognitive Neurophysiology and BMI Lab, Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Anna Korzeniewska
- JHU Cognitive Neurophysiology and BMI Lab, Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Anna Chrabaszcz
- Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Alan Bush
- Brain Modulation Lab, Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Julie A. Fiez
- Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Communication Science and Disorders, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- University of Pittsburgh Brain Institute, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Nathan E. Crone
- JHU Cognitive Neurophysiology and BMI Lab, Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Robert M. Richardson
- Brain Modulation Lab, Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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Krämer SD, Schuhmann MK, Volkmann J, Fluri F. Deep Brain Stimulation in the Subthalamic Nucleus Can Improve Skilled Forelimb Movements and Retune Dynamics of Striatal Networks in a Rat Stroke Model. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232415862. [PMID: 36555504 PMCID: PMC9779486 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232415862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Recovery of upper limb (UL) impairment after stroke is limited in stroke survivors. Since stroke can be considered as a network disorder, neuromodulation may be an approach to improve UL motor dysfunction. Here, we evaluated the effect of high-frequency stimulation (HFS) of the subthalamic nucleus (STN) in rats on forelimb grasping using the single-pellet reaching (SPR) test after stroke and determined costimulated brain regions during STN-HFS using 2-[18F]Fluoro-2-deoxyglucose-([18F]FDG)-positron emission tomography (PET). After a 4-week training of SPR, photothrombotic stroke was induced in the sensorimotor cortex of the dominant hemisphere. Thereafter, an electrode was implanted in the STN ipsilateral to the infarction, followed by a continuous STN-HFS or sham stimulation for 7 days. On postinterventional day 2 and 7, an SPR test was performed during STN-HFS. Success rate of grasping was compared between these two time points. [18F]FDG-PET was conducted on day 2 and 3 after stroke, without and with STN-HFS, respectively. STN-HFS resulted in a significant improvement of SPR compared to sham stimulation. During STN-HFS, a significantly higher [18F]FDG-uptake was observed in the corticosubthalamic/pallidosubthalamic circuit, particularly ipsilateral to the stimulated side. Additionally, STN-HFS led to an increased glucose metabolism within the brainstem. These data demonstrate that STN-HFS supports rehabilitation of skilled forelimb movements, probably by retuning dysfunctional motor centers within the cerebral network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie D. Krämer
- Radiopharmaceutical Sciences/Biopharmacy, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Michael K. Schuhmann
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Würzburg, Josef-Schneider Strasse 11, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Jens Volkmann
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Würzburg, Josef-Schneider Strasse 11, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Felix Fluri
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Würzburg, Josef-Schneider Strasse 11, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
- Correspondence: author: ; Tel.: +49-931-201-23653
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25
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Campbell BA, Favi Bocca L, Escobar Sanabria D, Almeida J, Rammo R, Nagel SJ, Machado AG, Baker KB. The impact of pulse timing on cortical and subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation evoked potentials. Front Hum Neurosci 2022; 16:1009223. [PMID: 36204716 PMCID: PMC9532054 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2022.1009223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The impact of pulse timing is an important factor in our understanding of how to effectively modulate the basal ganglia thalamocortical (BGTC) circuit. Single pulse low-frequency DBS-evoked potentials generated through electrical stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus (STN) provide insight into circuit activation, but how the long-latency components change as a function of pulse timing is not well-understood. We investigated how timing between stimulation pulses delivered in the STN region influence the neural activity in the STN and cortex. DBS leads implanted in the STN of five patients with Parkinson's disease were temporarily externalized, allowing for the delivery of paired pulses with inter-pulse intervals (IPIs) ranging from 0.2 to 10 ms. Neural activation was measured through local field potential (LFP) recordings from the DBS lead and scalp EEG. DBS-evoked potentials were computed using contacts positioned in dorsolateral STN as determined through co-registered post-operative imaging. We quantified the degree to which distinct IPIs influenced the amplitude of evoked responses across frequencies and time using the wavelet transform and power spectral density curves. The beta frequency content of the DBS evoked responses in the STN and scalp EEG increased as a function of pulse-interval timing. Pulse intervals <1.0 ms apart were associated with minimal to no change in the evoked response. IPIs from 1.5 to 3.0 ms yielded a significant increase in the evoked response, while those >4 ms produced modest, but non-significant growth. Beta frequency activity in the scalp EEG and STN LFP response was maximal when IPIs were between 1.5 and 4.0 ms. These results demonstrate that long-latency components of DBS-evoked responses are pre-dominantly in the beta frequency range and that pulse interval timing impacts the level of BGTC circuit activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brett A. Campbell
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
- Department of Neurosciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Leonardo Favi Bocca
- Center for Neurological Restoration, Neurological Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - David Escobar Sanabria
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Julio Almeida
- Center for Neurological Restoration, Neurological Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Richard Rammo
- Center for Neurological Restoration, Neurological Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States
- Department of Neurosurgery, Neurological Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Sean J. Nagel
- Center for Neurological Restoration, Neurological Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States
- Department of Neurosurgery, Neurological Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Andre G. Machado
- Department of Neurosciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States
- Center for Neurological Restoration, Neurological Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States
- Department of Neurosurgery, Neurological Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Kenneth B. Baker
- Department of Neurosciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States
- Center for Neurological Restoration, Neurological Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States
- *Correspondence: Kenneth B. Baker
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Chen PL, Chen YC, Tu PH, Liu TC, Chen MC, Wu HT, Yeap MC, Yeh CH, Lu CS, Chen CC. Subthalamic high-beta oscillation informs the outcome of deep brain stimulation in patients with Parkinson's disease. Front Hum Neurosci 2022; 16:958521. [PMID: 36158623 PMCID: PMC9493001 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2022.958521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BackgroundThe therapeutic effect of deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the subthalamic nucleus (STN) for Parkinson's disease (PD) is related to the modulation of pathological neural activities, particularly the synchronization in the β band (13–35 Hz). However, whether the local β activity in the STN region can directly predict the stimulation outcome remains unclear.ObjectiveWe tested the hypothesis that low-β (13–20 Hz) and/or high-β (20–35 Hz) band activities recorded from the STN region can predict DBS efficacy.MethodsLocal field potentials (LFPs) were recorded in 26 patients undergoing deep brain stimulation surgery in the subthalamic nucleus area. Recordings were made after the implantation of the DBS electrode prior to its connection to a stimulator. The maximum normalized powers in the theta (4–7 Hz), alpha (7–13 Hz), low-β (13–20 Hz), high-β (20–35 Hz), and low-γ (40–55 Hz) subbands in the postoperatively recorded LFP were correlated with the stimulation-induced improvement in contralateral tremor or bradykinesia–rigidity. The distance between the contact selected for stimulation and the contact with the maximum subband power was correlated with the stimulation efficacy. Following the identification of the potential predictors by the significant correlations, a multiple regression analysis was performed to evaluate their effect on the outcome.ResultsThe maximum high-β power was positively correlated with bradykinesia–rigidity improvement (rs = 0.549, p < 0.0001). The distance to the contact with maximum high-β power was negatively correlated with bradykinesia–rigidity improvement (rs = −0.452, p < 0.001). No significant correlation was observed with low-β power. The maximum high-β power and the distance to the contact with maximum high-β power were both significant predictors for bradykinesia–rigidity improvement in the multiple regression analysis, explaining 37.4% of the variance altogether. Tremor improvement was not significantly correlated with any frequency.ConclusionHigh-β oscillations, but not low-β oscillations, recorded from the STN region with the DBS lead can inform stimulation-induced improvement in contralateral bradykinesia–rigidity in patients with PD. High-β oscillations can help refine electrode targeting and inform contact selection for DBS therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Po-Lin Chen
- Division of Movement Disorders, Department of Neurology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Neuroscience Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chieh Chen
- Division of Movement Disorders, Department of Neurology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Neuroscience Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Po-Hsun Tu
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Chi Liu
- Neuroscience Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Mathematics, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Min-Chi Chen
- Department of Public Health, Biostatistics Consulting Center, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Hau-Tieng Wu
- Department of Mathematics, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
- Department of Statistical Science, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Mun-Chun Yeap
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hua Yeh
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Neuroradiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Song Lu
- Professor Lu Neurological Clinic, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chiung-Chu Chen
- Division of Movement Disorders, Department of Neurology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Neuroscience Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- *Correspondence: Chiung-Chu Chen
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Lee J, Kim J, Cortez J, Chang SY. Thalamo-cortical network is associated with harmaline-induced tremor in rodent model. Exp Neurol 2022; 358:114210. [PMID: 36007599 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2022.114210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Essential tremor (ET) is the most frequent form of pathologic tremor and one of the most common adult-onset neurologic impairments. However, underlying mechanisms by which structural alterations within the tremor circuit generate the pathological state and how rhythmic neuronal activities propagate and drive tremor remains unclear. Harmaline (HA)-induced tremor model has been most frequently utilized animal model for ET studies, however, there is still a dearth of knowledge over the degree to whether HA-induced tremor mimics the actual underlying pathophysiology of ET, particularly the involvement of thalamo-cortical region. In this study, we investigated the electrophysiological response of the motor circuit including the ventrolateral thalamus (vlTh) and the primary motor cortex (M1), and the modulatory effect of thalamic deep brain stimulation (DBS) using a rat HA-induced tremor model. We found that the theta and high-frequency oscillation (HFO) band power significantly increased after HA administration in both vlTh and M1, and the activity was modulated by the tremor suppression drug (propranolol) and the thalamic DBS. The theta band phase synchronization between the vlTh and M1 was significantly enhanced during the HA-induced tremor, and the transition of cross-frequency coupling in vlTh was found to be associated with the state of HA-induced tremor. Our findings support that the HA tremor could be useful as a valid preclinical model of ET in the context of thalamo-cortical neural network interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeyeon Lee
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Jiwon Kim
- Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Joshua Cortez
- Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Su-Youne Chang
- Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA; Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
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28
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Mosilhy EA, Alshial EE, Eltaras MM, Rahman MMA, Helmy HI, Elazoul AH, Hamdy O, Mohammed HS. Non-invasive transcranial brain modulation for neurological disorders treatment: A narrative review. Life Sci 2022; 307:120869. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.120869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Siebner HR, Funke K, Aberra AS, Antal A, Bestmann S, Chen R, Classen J, Davare M, Di Lazzaro V, Fox PT, Hallett M, Karabanov AN, Kesselheim J, Beck MM, Koch G, Liebetanz D, Meunier S, Miniussi C, Paulus W, Peterchev AV, Popa T, Ridding MC, Thielscher A, Ziemann U, Rothwell JC, Ugawa Y. Transcranial magnetic stimulation of the brain: What is stimulated? - A consensus and critical position paper. Clin Neurophysiol 2022; 140:59-97. [PMID: 35738037 PMCID: PMC9753778 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2022.04.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 65.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2021] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Transcranial (electro)magnetic stimulation (TMS) is currently the method of choice to non-invasively induce neural activity in the human brain. A single transcranial stimulus induces a time-varying electric field in the brain that may evoke action potentials in cortical neurons. The spatial relationship between the locally induced electric field and the stimulated neurons determines axonal depolarization. The induced electric field is influenced by the conductive properties of the tissue compartments and is strongest in the superficial parts of the targeted cortical gyri and underlying white matter. TMS likely targets axons of both excitatory and inhibitory neurons. The propensity of individual axons to fire an action potential in response to TMS depends on their geometry, myelination and spatial relation to the imposed electric field and the physiological state of the neuron. The latter is determined by its transsynaptic dendritic and somatic inputs, intrinsic membrane potential and firing rate. Modeling work suggests that the primary target of TMS is axonal terminals in the crown top and lip regions of cortical gyri. The induced electric field may additionally excite bends of myelinated axons in the juxtacortical white matter below the gyral crown. Neuronal excitation spreads ortho- and antidromically along the stimulated axons and causes secondary excitation of connected neuronal populations within local intracortical microcircuits in the target area. Axonal and transsynaptic spread of excitation also occurs along cortico-cortical and cortico-subcortical connections, impacting on neuronal activity in the targeted network. Both local and remote neural excitation depend critically on the functional state of the stimulated target area and network. TMS also causes substantial direct co-stimulation of the peripheral nervous system. Peripheral co-excitation propagates centrally in auditory and somatosensory networks, but also produces brain responses in other networks subserving multisensory integration, orienting or arousal. The complexity of the response to TMS warrants cautious interpretation of its physiological and behavioural consequences, and a deeper understanding of the mechanistic underpinnings of TMS will be critical for advancing it as a scientific and therapeutic tool.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hartwig R Siebner
- Danish Research Centre for Magnetic Resonance, Centre for Functional and Diagnostic Imaging and Research, Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre, Hvidovre, Denmark; Department of Neurology, Copenhagen University Hospital Bispebjerg, Copenhagen, Denmark; Institute for Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Klaus Funke
- Department of Neurophysiology, Medical Faculty, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Aman S Aberra
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Andrea Antal
- Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, University Medical Center, Georg-August-University, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Sven Bestmann
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, United Kingdom; Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Robert Chen
- Krembil Brain Institute, University Health Network and Division of Neurology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Joseph Classen
- Department of Neurology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Marco Davare
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, United Kingdom; Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Vincenzo Di Lazzaro
- Unit of Neurology, Neurophysiology, Neurobiology, Department of Medicine, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, via Álvaro del Portillo 21, 00128 Rome, Italy
| | - Peter T Fox
- Research Imaging Institute, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - Mark Hallett
- Human Motor Control Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Anke N Karabanov
- Danish Research Centre for Magnetic Resonance, Centre for Functional and Diagnostic Imaging and Research, Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre, Hvidovre, Denmark; Department of Nutrition and Exercise, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Janine Kesselheim
- Danish Research Centre for Magnetic Resonance, Centre for Functional and Diagnostic Imaging and Research, Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre, Hvidovre, Denmark
| | - Mikkel M Beck
- Danish Research Centre for Magnetic Resonance, Centre for Functional and Diagnostic Imaging and Research, Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre, Hvidovre, Denmark
| | - Giacomo Koch
- Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy; Non-invasive Brain Stimulation Unit, Laboratorio di NeurologiaClinica e Comportamentale, Fondazione Santa Lucia IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - David Liebetanz
- Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, University Medical Center, Georg-August-University, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Sabine Meunier
- Sorbonne Université, Faculté de Médecine, INSERM U 1127, CNRS 4 UMR 7225, Institut du Cerveau, F-75013, Paris, France
| | - Carlo Miniussi
- Center for Mind/Brain Sciences (CIMeC), University of Trento, Italy; Cognitive Neuroscience Section, IRCCS Centro San Giovanni di DioFatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy
| | - Walter Paulus
- Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, University Medical Center, Georg-August-University, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Angel V Peterchev
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA; Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA; Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Traian Popa
- Center for Neuroprosthetics (CNP) and Brain Mind Institute (BMI), Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (EPFL), Geneva, Switzerland; Center for Neuroprosthetics (CNP) and Brain Mind Institute (BMI), Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (EPFL Valais), Clinique Romande de Réadaptation, Sion, Switzerland
| | - Michael C Ridding
- University of South Australia, IIMPACT in Health, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Axel Thielscher
- Danish Research Centre for Magnetic Resonance, Centre for Functional and Diagnostic Imaging and Research, Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre, Hvidovre, Denmark; Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Ulf Ziemann
- Department of Neurology & Stroke, University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany; Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - John C Rothwell
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Yoshikazu Ugawa
- Department of Neurology, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan; Fukushima Global Medical Science Centre, Advanced Clinical Research Centre, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
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Parr-Brownlie LC, Itoga CA, Walters JR, Underwood CF. Oscillatory waveform sharpness asymmetry changes in motor thalamus and motor cortex in a rat model of Parkinson's disease. Exp Neurol 2022; 354:114089. [PMID: 35461830 PMCID: PMC11345867 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2022.114089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) causes bursty and oscillatory activity in basal ganglia output that is thought to contribute to movement deficits through impact on motor thalamus and motor cortex (MCx). We examined the effect of dopamine loss on motor thalamus and motor cortex activity by recording neuronal and LFP activities in ventroanterior-ventrolateral (VAVL) thalamus and MCx in urethane-anesthetised control and parkinsonian rats. Dopamine lesion decreased the firing rate and increased the bursting of putative pyramidal neurons in layer V, but not layer VI, of the MCx without changing other aspects of firing pattern. In contrast, dopamine lesion did not affect VAVL firing rate, pattern or low threshold calcium spike bursts. Slow-wave (~1 Hz) oscillations in LFP recordings were analyzed with conventional power and waveform shape analyses. While dopamine lesion did not influence total power, it was consistently associated with an increase in oscillatory waveform sharpness asymmetry (i.e., sharper troughs vs. peaks) in both motor thalamus and MCx. Furthermore, we found that measures of sharpness asymmetry were positively correlated in paired motor thalamus-MCx recordings, and that correlation coefficients were larger in dopamine lesioned rats. These data support the idea that dysfunctional MCx activity in parkinsonism emerges from subsets of cell groups (e.g. layer V pyramidal neurons) and is evident in the shape but not absolute power of slow-wave oscillations. Hypoactive layer V pyramidal neuron firing in dopamine lesioned rats is unlikely to be driven by VAVL thalamus and may, therefore, reflect the loss of mesocortical dopaminergic afferents and/or changes in intrinsic excitability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise C Parr-Brownlie
- Department of Anatomy, Brain Health Research Centre, Brain Research New Zealand, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand; Neurophysiological Pharmacology Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, 35 Convent Drive, Building 35 Room 1C 903, Bethesda, MD 20892-3702, USA.
| | - Christy A Itoga
- Neurophysiological Pharmacology Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, 35 Convent Drive, Building 35 Room 1C 903, Bethesda, MD 20892-3702, USA
| | - Judith R Walters
- Neurophysiological Pharmacology Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, 35 Convent Drive, Building 35 Room 1C 903, Bethesda, MD 20892-3702, USA
| | - Conor F Underwood
- Department of Anatomy, Brain Health Research Centre, Brain Research New Zealand, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
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31
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Schor JS, Gonzalez Montalvo I, Spratt PWE, Brakaj RJ, Stansil JA, Twedell EL, Bender KJ, Nelson AB. Therapeutic deep brain stimulation disrupts movement-related subthalamic nucleus activity in Parkinsonian mice. eLife 2022; 11:75253. [PMID: 35786442 PMCID: PMC9342952 DOI: 10.7554/elife.75253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation (STN DBS) relieves many motor symptoms of Parkinson’s disease (PD), but its underlying therapeutic mechanisms remain unclear. Since its advent, three major theories have been proposed: (1) DBS inhibits the STN and basal ganglia output; (2) DBS antidromically activates motor cortex; and (3) DBS disrupts firing dynamics within the STN. Previously, stimulation-related electrical artifacts limited mechanistic investigations using electrophysiology. We used electrical artifact-free GCaMP fiber photometry to investigate activity in basal ganglia nuclei during STN DBS in parkinsonian mice. To test whether the observed changes in activity were sufficient to relieve motor symptoms, we then combined electrophysiological recording with targeted optical DBS protocols. Our findings suggest that STN DBS exerts its therapeutic effect through the disruption of movement-related STN activity, rather than inhibition or antidromic activation. These results provide insight into optimizing PD treatments and establish an approach for investigating DBS in other neuropsychiatric conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan S Schor
- Neuroscience Program, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, United States
| | | | - Perry W E Spratt
- Neuroscience Program, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, United States
| | - Rea J Brakaj
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, United States
| | - Jasmine A Stansil
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, United States
| | - Emily L Twedell
- Neuroscience Program, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, United States
| | - Kevin J Bender
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, United States
| | - Alexandra B Nelson
- Neuroscience Program, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, United States
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Lee LHN, Huang CS, Wang RW, Lai HJ, Chung CC, Yang YC, Kuo CC. Deep brain stimulation rectifies the noisy cortex and irresponsive subthalamus to improve parkinsonian locomotor activities. NPJ Parkinsons Dis 2022; 8:77. [PMID: 35725730 PMCID: PMC9209473 DOI: 10.1038/s41531-022-00343-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The success of deep brain stimulation (DBS) therapy indicates that Parkinson's disease is a brain rhythm disorder. However, the manifestations of the erroneous rhythms corrected by DBS remain to be established. We found that augmentation of α rhythms and α coherence between the motor cortex (MC) and the subthalamic nucleus (STN) is characteristically prokinetic and is decreased in parkinsonian rats. In multi-unit recordings, movement is normally associated with increased changes in spatiotemporal activities rather than overall spike rates in MC. In parkinsonian rats, MC shows higher spike rates at rest but less spatiotemporal activity changes upon movement, and STN burst discharges are more prevalent, longer lasting, and less responsive to MC inputs. DBS at STN rectifies the foregoing pathological MC-STN oscillations and consequently locomotor deficits, yet overstimulation may cause behavioral restlessness. These results indicate that delicate electrophysiological considerations at both cortical and subcortical levels should be exercised for optimal DBS therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan-Hsin Nancy Lee
- Department of Physiology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Neurology, Fu Jen Catholic University Hospital, New Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Neurology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Syuan Huang
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Ren-Wei Wang
- Department of Physiology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsing-Jung Lai
- Department of Physiology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Neurology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,National Taiwan University Hospital, Jin-Shan Branch, New Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Ching Chung
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Chin Yang
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan. .,Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan. .,Neuroscience Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Medical Center, Taoyuan, Taiwan. .,Department of Psychiatry, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Medical Center, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
| | - Chung-Chin Kuo
- Department of Physiology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan. .,Department of Neurology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
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33
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Yu Y, Han F, Wang Q. Exploring phase–amplitude coupling from primary motor cortex-basal ganglia-thalamus network model. Neural Netw 2022; 153:130-141. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neunet.2022.05.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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34
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Kumar G, Asthana P, Yung WH, Kwan KM, Tin C, Ma CHE. Deep Brain Stimulation of the Interposed Nucleus Reverses Motor Deficits and Stimulates Production of Anti-inflammatory Cytokines in Ataxia Mice. Mol Neurobiol 2022; 59:4578-4592. [PMID: 35581519 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-022-02872-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Cerebellum is one of the major targets of autoimmunity and cerebellar damage that leads to ataxia characterized by the loss of fine motor coordination and balance, with no treatment available. Deep brain stimulation (DBS) could be a promising treatment for ataxia but has not been extensively investigated. Here, our study aims to investigate the use of interposed nucleus of deep cerebellar nuclei (IN-DCN) for ataxia. We first characterized ataxia-related motor symptom of a Purkinje cell (PC)-specific LIM homeobox (Lhx)1 and Lhx5 conditional double knockout mice by motor coordination tests, and spontaneous electromyogram (EMG) recording. To validate IN-DCN as a target for DBS, in vivo local field potential (LFP) multielectrode array recording of IN-DCN revealed abnormal LFP amplitude surges in PCs. By synchronizing the EMG and IN-DCN recordings (neurospike and LFP) with high-speed video recordings, ataxia mice showed poorly coordinated movements associated with low EMG amplitude and aberrant IN-DCN neural firing. To optimize IN-DCN-DBS for ataxia, we tested DBS parameters from low (30 Hz) to high stimulation frequency (130 or 150 Hz), and systematically varied pulse width values (60 or 80 µs) to maximize motor symptom control in ataxia mice. The optimal IN-DCN-DBS parameter reversed motor deficits in ataxia mice as detected by animal behavioral tests and EMG recording. Mechanistically, cytokine array analysis revealed that anti-inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-13 and IL-4 were upregulated after IN-DCN-DBS, which play key roles in neural excitability. As such, we show that IN-DCN-DBS is a promising treatment for ataxia and possibly other movement disorders alike.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gajendra Kumar
- Department of Neuroscience, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Pallavi Asthana
- Department of Neuroscience, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Wing Ho Yung
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Kin Ming Kwan
- School of Life Sciences, Center for Cell and Developmental Biology and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Chung Tin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Chi Him Eddie Ma
- Department of Neuroscience, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Hong Kong SAR, China.
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Cassar IR, Grill WM. The cortical evoked potential corresponds with deep brain stimulation efficacy in rats. J Neurophysiol 2022; 127:1253-1268. [PMID: 35389751 PMCID: PMC9054265 DOI: 10.1152/jn.00353.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the subthalamic nucleus (STN) antidromically activates the motor cortex (M1), and this cortical activation appears to play a role in the treatment of hypokinetic motor behaviors (Gradinaru V, Mogri M, Thompson KR, Henderson JM, Deisseroth K. Science 324: 354-359, 2009; Yu C, Cassar IR, Sambangi J, Grill WM. J Neurosci 40: 4323-4334, 2020). The synchronous antidromic activation takes the form of a short-latency cortical evoked potential (cEP) in electrocorticography (ECoG) recordings of M1. We assessed the utility of the cEP as a biomarker for STN DBS in unilateral 6-hydroxydopamine-lesioned female Sprague Dawley rats, with stimulating electrodes implanted in the STN and the ECoG recorded above M1. We quantified the correlations of the cEP magnitude and latency with changes in motor behavior from DBS and compared them to the correlation between motor behaviors and several commonly used spectral-based biomarkers. The cEP features correlated strongly with motor behaviors and were highly consistent across animals, whereas the spectral biomarkers correlated weakly with motor behaviors and were highly variable across animals. The cEP may thus be a useful biomarker for assessing the therapeutic efficacy of DBS parameters, as its features strongly correlate with motor behavior, it is consistent across time and subjects, it can be recorded under anesthesia, and it is simple to quantify with a large signal-to-noise ratio, enabling rapid, real-time evaluation. Additionally, our work provides further evidence that antidromic cortical activation mediates changes in motor behavior from STN DBS and that the dependence of DBS efficacy on stimulation frequency may be related to antidromic spike failure.NEW & NOTEWORTHY We characterize a new potential biomarker for deep brain stimulation (DBS), the cortical evoked potential (cEP), and demonstrate that it exhibits a robust correlation with motor behaviors as a function of stimulation frequency. The cEP may thus be a useful clinical biomarker for changes in motor behavior. This work also provides insight into the cortical mechanisms of DBS, suggesting that motor behaviors are strongly affected by the rate of antidromic spike failure during DBS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isaac R Cassar
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Warren M Grill
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
- Department of Neurobiology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
- Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
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36
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Bahners BH, Waterstraat G, Kannenberg S, Curio G, Schnitzler A, Nikulin V, Florin E. Electrophysiological characterization of the hyperdirect pathway and its functional relevance for subthalamic deep brain stimulation. Exp Neurol 2022; 352:114031. [PMID: 35247373 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2022.114031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
The subthalamic nucleus (STN) receives input from various cortical areas via hyperdirect pathway (HDP) which bypasses the basal-ganglia loop. Recently, the HDP has gained increasing interest, because of its relevance for STN deep brain stimulation (DBS). To understand the HDP's role cortical responses evoked by STN-DBS have been investigated. These responses have short (<2 ms), medium (2-15 ms), and long (20-70 ms) latencies. Medium-latency responses are supposed to represent antidromic cortical activations via HDP. Together with long-latency responses the medium responses can potentially be used as biomarker of DBS efficacy as well as side effects. We here propose that the activation sequence of the cortical evoked responses can be conceptualized as high frequency oscillations (HFO) for signal analysis. HFO might therefore serve as marker for antidromic activation. Using existing knowledge on HFO recordings, this approach allows data analyses and physiological modeling to advance the pathophysiological understanding of cortical DBS-evoked high-frequency activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bahne Hendrik Bahners
- Institute of Clinical Neuroscience and Medical Psychology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Gunnar Waterstraat
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Neurophysics Group, Department of Neurology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Silja Kannenberg
- Institute of Clinical Neuroscience and Medical Psychology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Gabriel Curio
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Neurophysics Group, Department of Neurology, Berlin, Germany; Bernstein Center for Computational Neuroscience, Berlin, Germany
| | - Alfons Schnitzler
- Institute of Clinical Neuroscience and Medical Psychology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology, Center for Movement Disorders and Neuromodulation, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Vadim Nikulin
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Esther Florin
- Institute of Clinical Neuroscience and Medical Psychology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany.
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37
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Cousineau J, Plateau V, Baufreton J, Le Bon-Jégo M. Dopaminergic modulation of primary motor cortex: From cellular and synaptic mechanisms underlying motor learning to cognitive symptoms in Parkinson's disease. Neurobiol Dis 2022; 167:105674. [PMID: 35245676 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2022.105674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Revised: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The primary motor cortex (M1) is crucial for movement execution, especially dexterous ones, but also for cognitive functions like motor learning. The acquisition of motor skills to execute dexterous movements requires dopamine-dependent and -independent plasticity mechanisms within M1. In addition to the basal ganglia, M1 is disturbed in Parkinson's disease (PD). However, little is known about how the lack of dopamine (DA), characteristic of PD, directly or indirectly impacts M1 circuitry. Here we review data from studies of PD patients and the substantial research in non-human primate and rodent models of DA depletion. These models enable us to understand the importance of DA in M1 physiology at the behavioral, network, cellular, and synaptic levels. We first summarize M1 functions and neuronal populations in mammals. We then look at the origin of M1 DA and the cellular location of its receptors and explore the impact of DA loss on M1 physiology, motor, and executive functions. Finally, we discuss how PD treatments impact M1 functions.
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38
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Jeon H, Lee H, Kwon DH, Kim J, Tanaka-Yamamoto K, Yook JS, Feng L, Park HR, Lim YH, Cho ZH, Paek SH, Kim J. Topographic connectivity and cellular profiling reveal detailed input pathways and functionally distinct cell types in the subthalamic nucleus. Cell Rep 2022; 38:110439. [PMID: 35235786 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.110439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The subthalamic nucleus (STN) controls psychomotor activity and is an efficient therapeutic deep brain stimulation target in individuals with Parkinson's disease. Despite evidence indicating position-dependent therapeutic effects and distinct functions within the STN, the input circuit and cellular profile in the STN remain largely unclear. Using neuroanatomical techniques, we construct a comprehensive connectivity map of the indirect and hyperdirect pathways in the mouse STN. Our circuit- and cellular-level connectivities reveal a topographically graded organization with three types of indirect and hyperdirect pathways (external globus pallidus only, STN only, and collateral). We confirm consistent pathways into the human STN by 7 T MRI-based tractography. We identify two functional types of topographically distinct glutamatergic STN neurons (parvalbumin [PV+/-]) with synaptic connectivity from indirect and hyperdirect pathways. Glutamatergic PV+ STN neurons contribute to burst firing. These data suggest a complex interplay of information integration within the basal ganglia underlying coordinated movement control and therapeutic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyungju Jeon
- Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), 39-1 Hawolgokdong, Seongbukgu, Seoul 02792 Korea
| | - Hojin Lee
- Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), 39-1 Hawolgokdong, Seongbukgu, Seoul 02792 Korea; Division of Bio-Medical Science & Technology, KIST School, University of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Korea
| | - Dae-Hyuk Kwon
- Neuroscience Convergence Center, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Jiwon Kim
- Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), 39-1 Hawolgokdong, Seongbukgu, Seoul 02792 Korea; Division of Bio-Medical Science & Technology, KIST School, University of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Korea
| | - Keiko Tanaka-Yamamoto
- Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), 39-1 Hawolgokdong, Seongbukgu, Seoul 02792 Korea; Division of Bio-Medical Science & Technology, KIST School, University of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Korea
| | - Jang Soo Yook
- Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), 39-1 Hawolgokdong, Seongbukgu, Seoul 02792 Korea
| | - Linqing Feng
- Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), 39-1 Hawolgokdong, Seongbukgu, Seoul 02792 Korea
| | - Hye Ran Park
- Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital, Seoul 04401, Korea
| | - Yong Hoon Lim
- Neurosurgery, Movement Disorder Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Advanced Institute of Convergence Technology (AICT), Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Korea
| | - Zang-Hee Cho
- Neuroscience Convergence Center, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Sun Ha Paek
- Neurosurgery, Movement Disorder Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Advanced Institute of Convergence Technology (AICT), Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Korea
| | - Jinhyun Kim
- Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), 39-1 Hawolgokdong, Seongbukgu, Seoul 02792 Korea; Division of Bio-Medical Science & Technology, KIST School, University of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Korea.
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Wenger N, Vogt A, Skrobot M, Garulli EL, Kabaoglu B, Salchow-Hömmen C, Schauer T, Kroneberg D, Schuhmann M, Ip CW, Harms C, Endres M, Isaias I, Tovote P, Blum R. Rodent models for gait network disorders in Parkinson's disease - a translational perspective. Exp Neurol 2022; 352:114011. [PMID: 35176273 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2022.114011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Revised: 01/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Gait impairments in Parkinson's disease remain a scientific and therapeutic challenge. The advent of new deep brain stimulation (DBS) devices capable of recording brain activity from chronically implanted electrodes has fostered new studies of gait in freely moving patients. The hope is to identify gait-related neural biomarkers and improve therapy using closed-loop DBS. In this context, animal models offer the opportunity to investigate gait network activity at multiple biological scales and address unresolved questions from clinical research. Yet, the contribution of rodent models to the development of future neuromodulation therapies will rely on translational validity. In this review, we summarize the most effective strategies to model parkinsonian gait in rodents. We discuss how clinical observations have inspired targeted brain lesions in animal models, and whether resulting motor deficits and network oscillations match recent findings in humans. Gait impairments with hypo-, bradykinesia and altered limb rhythmicity were successfully modelled in rodents. However, clear evidence for the presence of freezing of gait was missing. The identification of reliable neural biomarkers for gait impairments has remained challenging in both animals and humans. Moving forward, we expect that the ongoing investigation of circuit specific neuromodulation strategies in animal models will lead to future optimizations of gait therapy in Parkinson's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolaus Wenger
- Department of Neurology with experimental Neurology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany; Berlin Institute of Health, Germany.
| | - Arend Vogt
- Department of Neurology with experimental Neurology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Matej Skrobot
- Department of Neurology with experimental Neurology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Elisa L Garulli
- Department of Neurology with experimental Neurology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Burce Kabaoglu
- Department of Neurology with experimental Neurology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Christina Salchow-Hömmen
- Department of Neurology with experimental Neurology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Thomas Schauer
- Technische Universität Berlin, Control Systems Group, 10587 Berlin, Germany
| | - Daniel Kroneberg
- Department of Neurology with experimental Neurology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany; Berlin Institute of Health, Germany
| | - Michael Schuhmann
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Würzburg, Josef-Schneider-Straße 11, 97080 Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Chi Wang Ip
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Würzburg, Josef-Schneider-Straße 11, 97080 Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Christoph Harms
- Department of Neurology with experimental Neurology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany; Center for Stroke Research Berlin, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany
| | - Matthias Endres
- Department of Neurology with experimental Neurology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany; Center for Stroke Research Berlin, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Berlin Site, Germany; DZNE (German Center for Neurodegenerative Disease), Berlin Site, Germany
| | - Ioannis Isaias
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Würzburg, Josef-Schneider-Straße 11, 97080 Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Philip Tovote
- Institute of Clinical Neurobiology, University Hospital Wuerzburg, Versbacher Str. 5, 97078 Wuerzburg, Germany; Center for Mental Health, University of Wuerzburg, Margarete-Höppel-Platz 1, 97080 Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Robert Blum
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Würzburg, Josef-Schneider-Straße 11, 97080 Wuerzburg, Germany
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40
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Jiang X, Liang P, Wang K, Jia J, Wang X. Serotonin 1A receptor agonist modulation of motor deficits and cortical oscillations by NMDA receptor interaction in parkinsonian rats. Neuropharmacology 2022; 203:108881. [PMID: 34785162 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2021.108881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Although serotonin 1A (5-HT1A) receptor agonists are widely used as the additive compound to reduce l-dopa-induced dyskinesia in Parkinson's disease (PD), few studies focused on the effect and mechanism of 5-HT1A receptor agonist on the motor symptoms of PD. Unilateral 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA)-lesioned rats were used and implantation of electrodes was performed in the motor cortex of these rats. So the effect of 5-HT1A receptor agonist 8-OH-DPAT on motor behaviors and oscillatory activities were evaluated. In addition, 8-OH-DPAT combined with D2 receptor antagonist raclopride, NMDA receptor antagonist MK-801, or its agonist d-cycloserine (DCS) were co-administrated. 8-OH-DPAT administration significantly improved spontaneous locomotor activity and asymmetric forepaw function in 6-OHDA-lesioned rats. Meanwhile, 8-OH-DPAT identified selective modulation of the abnormal high beta oscillations (25-40 Hz) in the motor cortex of 6-OHDA-lesioned rats, without inducing pathological finely tuned gamma around 80 Hz. Different from 8-OH-DPAT, l-dopa treatment produced a prolonged improvement on motor performances and differential regulation of high beta and gamma oscillations. However, dopamine D2 receptor antagonist had no influence on the 8-OH-DPAT-mediated-motor behaviors and beta oscillations in 6-OHDA-lesioned rats. In contrast, subthreshold NMDA receptor antagonist MK-801 obviously elevated the 8-OH-DPAT-mediated-motor behaviors, while NMDA receptor agonist DCS partially impaired the 8-OH-DPAT-mediated symptoms in 6-OHDA-lesioned rats. This study suggests that 5-HT1A receptor agonist 8-OH-DPAT improves motor activity and modulates the oscillations in the motor cortex of parkinsonian rats. Different from l-dopa, 8-OH-DPAT administration ameliorates motor symptoms of PD through glutamatergic rather than the dopaminergic pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinxin Jiang
- Departments of Neurobiology and Physiology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China.
| | - Peirong Liang
- Departments of Neurobiology and Physiology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China.
| | - Ke Wang
- Departments of Neurobiology and Physiology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China.
| | - Jun Jia
- Departments of Neurobiology and Physiology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China.
| | - Xiaomin Wang
- Departments of Neurobiology and Physiology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China.
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41
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Xu L, Li Q, Ke Y, Yung WH. Chronic Intermittent Hypoxia-Induced Aberrant Neural Activities in the Hippocampus of Male Rats Revealed by Long-Term in vivo Recording. Front Cell Neurosci 2022; 15:784045. [PMID: 35126057 PMCID: PMC8813782 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2021.784045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH) occurs in obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), a common sleep-disordered breathing associated with malfunctions in multiple organs including the brain. How OSA-associated CIH impacts on brain activities and functions leading to neurocognitive impairment is virtually unknown. Here, by means of in vivo electrophysiological recordings via chronically implanted multi-electrode arrays in male rat model of OSA, we found that both putative pyramidal neurons and putative interneurons in the hippocampal CA1 subfield were hyper-excitable during the first week of CIH treatment and followed by progressive suppression of neural firing in the longer term. Partial recovery of the neuronal activities was found after normoxia treatment but only in putative pyramidal neurons. These findings correlated well to abnormalities in dendritic spine morphogenesis of these neurons. The results reveal that hippocampal neurons respond to CIH in a complex biphasic and bidirectional manner eventually leading to suppression of firing activities. Importantly, these changes are attributed to a larger extent to impaired functions of putative interneurons than putative pyramidal neurons. Our findings therefore revealed functional and structural damages in central neurons in OSA subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linhao Xu
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qian Li
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Ya Ke
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Gerald Choa Neuroscience Centre, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- *Correspondence: Wing-Ho Yung
| | - Wing-Ho Yung
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Gerald Choa Neuroscience Centre, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Ya Ke
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Pozzi NG, Isaias IU. Adaptive deep brain stimulation: Retuning Parkinson's disease. HANDBOOK OF CLINICAL NEUROLOGY 2022; 184:273-284. [PMID: 35034741 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-819410-2.00015-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A brain-machine interface represents a promising therapeutic avenue for the treatment of many neurologic conditions. Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is an invasive, neuro-modulatory tool that can improve different neurologic disorders by delivering electric stimulation to selected brain areas. DBS is particularly successful in advanced Parkinson's disease (PD), where it allows sustained improvement of motor symptoms. However, this approach is still poorly standardized, with variable clinical outcomes. To achieve an optimal therapeutic effect, novel adaptive DBS (aDBS) systems are being developed. These devices operate by adapting stimulation parameters in response to an input signal that can represent symptoms, motor activity, or other behavioral features. Emerging evidence suggests greater efficacy with fewer adverse effects during aDBS compared with conventional DBS. We address this topic by discussing the basics principles of aDBS, reviewing current evidence, and tackling the many challenges posed by aDBS for PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicoló G Pozzi
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Würzburg and Julius Maximilian University Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Ioannis U Isaias
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Würzburg and Julius Maximilian University Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.
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Gonzalez-Escamilla G, Koirala N, Bange M, Glaser M, Pintea B, Dresel C, Deuschl G, Muthuraman M, Groppa S. Deciphering the Network Effects of Deep Brain Stimulation in Parkinson's Disease. Neurol Ther 2022; 11:265-282. [PMID: 35000133 PMCID: PMC8857357 DOI: 10.1007/s40120-021-00318-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Deep brain stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus (STN-DBS) is an established therapy for Parkinson's disease (PD). However, a more detailed characterization of the targeted network and its grey matter (GM) terminals that drive the clinical outcome is needed. In this direction, the use of MRI after DBS surgery is now possible due to recent advances in hardware, opening a window for the clarification of the association between the affected tissue, including white matter fiber pathways and modulated GM regions, and the DBS-related clinical outcome. Therefore, we present a computational framework for reconstruction of targeted networks on postoperative MRI. METHODS We used a combination of preoperative whole-brain T1-weighted (T1w) and diffusion-weighted MRI data for morphometric integrity assessment and postoperative T1w MRI for electrode reconstruction and network reconstruction in 15 idiopathic PD patients. Within this framework, we made use of DBS lead artifact intensity profiles on postoperative MRI to determine DBS locations used as seeds for probabilistic tractography to cortical and subcortical targets within the motor circuitry. Lastly, we evaluated the relationship between brain microstructural characteristics of DBS-targeted brain network terminals and postoperative clinical outcomes. RESULTS The proposed framework showed robust performance for identifying the DBS electrode positions. Connectivity profiles between the primary motor cortex (M1), supplementary motor area (SMA), and DBS locations were strongly associated with the stimulation intensity needed for the optimal clinical outcome. Local diffusion properties of the modulated pathways were related to DBS outcomes. STN-DBS motor symptom improvement was highly associated with cortical thickness in the middle frontal and superior frontal cortices, but not with subcortical volumetry. CONCLUSION These data suggest that STN-DBS outcomes largely rely on the modulatory interference from cortical areas, particularly M1 and SMA, to DBS locations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Gonzalez-Escamilla
- Movement Disorders and Neurostimulation, Department of Neurology, Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN), Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (rmn2), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Langenbeckstrasse 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany.
| | - Nabin Koirala
- Movement Disorders and Neurostimulation, Department of Neurology, Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN), Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (rmn2), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Langenbeckstrasse 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany
| | - Manuel Bange
- Movement Disorders and Neurostimulation, Department of Neurology, Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN), Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (rmn2), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Langenbeckstrasse 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany
| | - Martin Glaser
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Langenbeckstrasse 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany
| | - Bogdan Pintea
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Bergmannsheil, Bürkle de la Camp-Platz 1, 44789, Bochum, Germany
| | - Christian Dresel
- Movement Disorders and Neurostimulation, Department of Neurology, Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN), Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (rmn2), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Langenbeckstrasse 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany
| | - Günther Deuschl
- Department of Neurology, Schleswig-Holstein University Hospital UKSH, Arnold-Heller-Straße 3, 24105, Kiel, Germany
| | - Muthuraman Muthuraman
- Movement Disorders and Neurostimulation, Department of Neurology, Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN), Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (rmn2), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Langenbeckstrasse 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany
| | - Sergiu Groppa
- Movement Disorders and Neurostimulation, Department of Neurology, Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN), Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (rmn2), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Langenbeckstrasse 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany.
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Nakamura KC, Sharott A, Tanaka T, Magill PJ. Input Zone-Selective Dysrhythmia in Motor Thalamus after Dopamine Depletion. J Neurosci 2021; 41:10382-10404. [PMID: 34753740 PMCID: PMC8672689 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.1753-21.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 09/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
The cerebral cortex, basal ganglia and motor thalamus form circuits important for purposeful movement. In Parkinsonism, basal ganglia neurons often exhibit dysrhythmic activity during, and with respect to, the slow (∼1 Hz) and beta-band (15-30 Hz) oscillations that emerge in cortex in a brain state-dependent manner. There remains, however, a pressing need to elucidate the extent to which motor thalamus activity becomes similarly dysrhythmic after dopamine depletion relevant to Parkinsonism. To address this, we recorded single-neuron and ensemble outputs in the basal ganglia-recipient zone (BZ) and cerebellar-recipient zone (CZ) of motor thalamus in anesthetized male dopamine-intact rats and 6-OHDA-lesioned rats during two brain states, respectively defined by cortical slow-wave activity and activation. Two forms of thalamic input zone-selective dysrhythmia manifested after dopamine depletion: (1) BZ neurons, but not CZ neurons, exhibited abnormal phase-shifted firing with respect to cortical slow oscillations prevalent during slow-wave activity; and (2) BZ neurons, but not CZ neurons, inappropriately synchronized their firing and engaged with the exaggerated cortical beta oscillations arising in activated states. These dysrhythmias were not accompanied by the thalamic hypoactivity predicted by canonical firing rate-based models of circuit organization in Parkinsonism. Complementary recordings of neurons in substantia nigra pars reticulata suggested that their altered activity dynamics could underpin the BZ dysrhythmias. Finally, pharmacological perturbations demonstrated that ongoing activity in the motor thalamus bolsters exaggerated beta oscillations in motor cortex. We conclude that BZ neurons are selectively primed to mediate the detrimental influences of abnormal slow and beta-band rhythms on circuit information processing in Parkinsonism.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Motor thalamus neurons mediate the influences of basal ganglia and cerebellum on the cerebral cortex to govern movement. Chronic depletion of dopamine from the basal ganglia causes some symptoms of Parkinson's disease. Here, we elucidate how dopamine depletion alters the ways motor thalamus neurons engage with two distinct oscillations emerging in cortico-basal ganglia circuits in vivo We discovered that, after dopamine depletion, neurons in the thalamic zone receiving basal ganglia inputs are particularly prone to becoming dysrhythmic, changing the phases and/or synchronization (but not rate) of their action potential firing. This bolsters cortical dysrhythmia. Our results provide important new insights into how aberrant rhythmicity in select parts of motor thalamus could detrimentally affect neural circuit dynamics and behavior in Parkinsonism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kouichi C Nakamura
- Medical Research Council Brain Network Dynamics Unit, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3TH, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew Sharott
- Medical Research Council Brain Network Dynamics Unit, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3TH, United Kingdom
| | - Takuma Tanaka
- Center for Data Science Education and Research, Shiga University, Hikone, Shiga 522-8522, Japan
| | - Peter J Magill
- Medical Research Council Brain Network Dynamics Unit, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3TH, United Kingdom
- Oxford Parkinson's Disease Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3QX, United Kingdom
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Lee LHN, Huang CS, Chuang HH, Lai HJ, Yang CK, Yang YC, Kuo CC. An electrophysiological perspective on Parkinson's disease: symptomatic pathogenesis and therapeutic approaches. J Biomed Sci 2021; 28:85. [PMID: 34886870 PMCID: PMC8656091 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-021-00781-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD), or paralysis agitans, is a common neurodegenerative disease characterized by dopaminergic deprivation in the basal ganglia because of neuronal loss in the substantia nigra pars compacta. Clinically, PD apparently involves both hypokinetic (e.g. akinetic rigidity) and hyperkinetic (e.g. tremor/propulsion) symptoms. The symptomatic pathogenesis, however, has remained elusive. The recent success of deep brain stimulation (DBS) therapy applied to the subthalamic nucleus (STN) or the globus pallidus pars internus indicates that there are essential electrophysiological abnormalities in PD. Consistently, dopamine-deprived STN shows excessive burst discharges. This proves to be a central pathophysiological element causally linked to the locomotor deficits in PD, as maneuvers (such as DBS of different polarities) decreasing and increasing STN burst discharges would decrease and increase the locomotor deficits, respectively. STN bursts are not so autonomous but show a "relay" feature, requiring glutamatergic synaptic inputs from the motor cortex (MC) to develop. In PD, there is an increase in overall MC activities and the corticosubthalamic input is enhanced and contributory to excessive burst discharges in STN. The increase in MC activities may be relevant to the enhanced beta power in local field potentials (LFP) as well as the deranged motor programming at the cortical level in PD. Moreover, MC could not only drive erroneous STN bursts, but also be driven by STN discharges at specific LFP frequencies (~ 4 to 6 Hz) to produce coherent tremulous muscle contractions. In essence, PD may be viewed as a disorder with deranged rhythms in the cortico-subcortical re-entrant loops, manifestly including STN, the major component of the oscillating core, and MC, the origin of the final common descending motor pathways. The configurations of the deranged rhythms may play a determinant role in the symptomatic pathogenesis of PD, and provide insight into the mechanism underlying normal motor control. Therapeutic brain stimulation for PD and relevant disorders should be adaptively exercised with in-depth pathophysiological considerations for each individual patient, and aim at a final normalization of cortical discharge patterns for the best ameliorating effect on the locomotor and even non-motor symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan-Hsin Nancy Lee
- Department of Physiology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, 1 Jen-Ai Road, 1st Section, Taipei, 100, Taiwan.,Department of Neurology, Fu Jen Catholic University Hospital, New Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Neurology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Syuan Huang
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Hsiang-Hao Chuang
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Hsing-Jung Lai
- Department of Physiology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, 1 Jen-Ai Road, 1st Section, Taipei, 100, Taiwan.,Department of Neurology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,National Taiwan University Hospital, Jin-Shan Branch, New Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Kai Yang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, 259 Wen-Hwa 1st Road, Kwei-Shan, Taoyuan, 333, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Chin Yang
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan. .,Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, 259 Wen-Hwa 1st Road, Kwei-Shan, Taoyuan, 333, Taiwan. .,Neuroscience Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Medical Center, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
| | - Chung-Chin Kuo
- Department of Physiology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, 1 Jen-Ai Road, 1st Section, Taipei, 100, Taiwan. .,Department of Neurology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Gibson WS, Rusheen AE, Oh Y, In MH, Gorny KR, Felmlee JP, Klassen BT, Jung SJ, Min HK, Lee KH, Jo HJ. Symptom-specific differential motor network modulation by deep brain stimulation in Parkinson's disease. J Neurosurg 2021; 135:1771-1779. [PMID: 33990083 PMCID: PMC10193504 DOI: 10.3171/2020.10.jns202277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the subthalamic nucleus (STN) is an established neurosurgical treatment for the motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease (PD). While often highly effective, DBS does not always yield optimal therapeutic outcomes, and stimulation-induced adverse effects, including paresthesia, muscle contractions, and nausea/lightheadedness, commonly occur and can limit the efficacy of stimulation. Currently, objective metrics do not exist for monitoring neural changes associated with stimulation-induced therapeutic and adverse effects. METHODS In the present study, the authors combined intraoperative functional MRI (fMRI) with STN DBS in 20 patients with PD to test the hypothesis that stimulation-induced blood oxygen level-dependent signals contained predictive information concerning the therapeutic and adverse effects of stimulation. RESULTS As expected, DBS resulted in blood oxygen level-dependent activation in myriad motor regions, including the primary motor cortex, caudate, putamen, thalamus, midbrain, and cerebellum. Across the patients, DBS-induced improvements in contralateral Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale tremor subscores correlated with activation of thalamic, brainstem, and cerebellar regions. In addition, improvements in rigidity and bradykinesia subscores correlated with activation of the primary motor cortex. Finally, activation of specific sensorimotor-related subregions correlated with the presence of DBS-induced adverse effects, including paresthesia and nausea (cerebellar cortex, sensorimotor cortex) and unwanted muscle contractions (caudate and putamen). CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that DBS-induced activation patterns revealed by fMRI contain predictive information with respect to the therapeutic and adverse effects of DBS. The use of fMRI in combination with DBS therefore may hold translational potential to guide and improve clinical stimulator optimization in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- William S. Gibson
- Departments of Neurologic Surgery
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois; and
| | - Aaron E. Rusheen
- Departments of Neurologic Surgery
- Medical Scientist Training Program, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Yoonbae Oh
- Departments of Neurologic Surgery
- Biomedical Engineering
| | | | | | | | | | - Sung Jun Jung
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | | | | | - Hang Joon Jo
- Departments of Neurologic Surgery
- Radiology, and
- Neurology, and
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Knorr S, Musacchio T, Paulat R, Matthies C, Endres H, Wenger N, Harms C, Ip CW. Experimental deep brain stimulation in rodent models of movement disorders. Exp Neurol 2021; 348:113926. [PMID: 34793784 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2021.113926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is the preferred treatment for therapy-resistant movement disorders such as dystonia and Parkinson's disease (PD), mostly in advanced disease stages. Although DBS is already in clinical use for ~30 years and has improved patients' quality of life dramatically, there is still limited understanding of the underlying mechanisms of action. Rodent models of PD and dystonia are essential tools to elucidate the mode of action of DBS on behavioral and multiscale neurobiological levels. Advances have been made in identifying DBS effects on the central motor network, neuroprotection and neuroinflammation in DBS studies of PD rodent models. The phenotypic dtsz mutant hamster and the transgenic DYT-TOR1A (ΔETorA) rat proved as valuable models of dystonia for preclinical DBS research. In addition, continuous refinements of rodent DBS technologies are ongoing and have contributed to improvement of experimental quality. We here review the currently existing literature on experimental DBS in PD and dystonia models regarding the choice of models, experimental design, neurobiological readouts, as well as methodological implications. Moreover, we provide an overview of the technical stage of existing DBS devices for use in rodent studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanne Knorr
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Würzburg, Josef-Schneider-Straße 11, Würzburg, Germany.
| | - Thomas Musacchio
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Würzburg, Josef-Schneider-Straße 11, Würzburg, Germany.
| | - Raik Paulat
- Department of Neurology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Cordula Matthies
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital of Würzburg, Josef-Schneider-Straße 11, Würzburg, Germany.
| | - Heinz Endres
- University of Applied Science Würzburg-Schweinfurt, Schweinfurt, Germany.
| | - Nikolaus Wenger
- Department of Neurology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Christoph Harms
- Department of Neurology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Chi Wang Ip
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Würzburg, Josef-Schneider-Straße 11, Würzburg, Germany.
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48
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Blumenstock S, Sun F, Klaus C, Marinković P, Sgobio C, Paeger L, Liebscher S, Herms J. Cortical circuit dysfunction in a mouse model of alpha-synucleinopathy in vivo. Brain Commun 2021; 3:fcab273. [PMID: 34877534 PMCID: PMC8643497 DOI: 10.1093/braincomms/fcab273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Revised: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Considerable fluctuations in cognitive performance and eventual dementia are an important characteristic of alpha-synucleinopathies, such as Parkinson's disease and Lewy Body dementia and are linked to cortical dysfunction. The presence of misfolded and aggregated alpha-synuclein in the cerebral cortex of patients has been suggested to play a crucial role in this process. However, the consequences of a-synuclein accumulation on the function of cortical networks at cellular resolution in vivo are largely unknown. Here, we induced robust a-synuclein pathology in the cerebral cortex using the striatal seeding model in wild-type mice. Nine months after a single intrastriatal injection of a-synuclein preformed fibrils, we observed profound alterations of the function of layer 2/3 cortical neurons in somatosensory cortex by in vivo two-photon calcium imaging in awake mice. We detected increased spontaneous activity levels, an enhanced response to whisking and increased synchrony. Stereological analyses revealed a reduction in glutamic acid decarboxylase 67-positive inhibitory neurons in the somatosensory cortex of mice injected with preformed fibrils. Importantly, these findings point to a disturbed excitation/inhibition balance as a relevant driver of circuit dysfunction, potentially underlying cognitive changes in alpha-synucleinopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonja Blumenstock
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 81377 Munich, Germany
- Center for Neuropathology and Prion Research, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Fanfan Sun
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Carolin Klaus
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Petar Marinković
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Carmelo Sgobio
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Lars Paeger
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Sabine Liebscher
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), 81377 Munich, Germany
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig-Maximilians University, 82152 Martinsried, Germany
- Biomedical Center, Medical Faculty, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, 82152 Martinsried, Germany
| | - Jochen Herms
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 81377 Munich, Germany
- Center for Neuropathology and Prion Research, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), 81377 Munich, Germany
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Oswal A, Cao C, Yeh CH, Neumann WJ, Gratwicke J, Akram H, Horn A, Li D, Zhan S, Zhang C, Wang Q, Zrinzo L, Foltynie T, Limousin P, Bogacz R, Sun B, Husain M, Brown P, Litvak V. Neural signatures of hyperdirect pathway activity in Parkinson's disease. Nat Commun 2021; 12:5185. [PMID: 34465771 PMCID: PMC8408177 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-25366-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterised by the emergence of beta frequency oscillatory synchronisation across the cortico-basal-ganglia circuit. The relationship between the anatomy of this circuit and oscillatory synchronisation within it remains unclear. We address this by combining recordings from human subthalamic nucleus (STN) and internal globus pallidus (GPi) with magnetoencephalography, tractography and computational modelling. Coherence between supplementary motor area and STN within the high (21-30 Hz) but not low (13-21 Hz) beta frequency range correlated with 'hyperdirect pathway' fibre densities between these structures. Furthermore, supplementary motor area activity drove STN activity selectively at high beta frequencies suggesting that high beta frequencies propagate from the cortex to the basal ganglia via the hyperdirect pathway. Computational modelling revealed that exaggerated high beta hyperdirect pathway activity can provoke the generation of widespread pathological synchrony at lower beta frequencies. These findings suggest a spectral signature and a pathophysiological role for the hyperdirect pathway in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashwini Oswal
- MRC Brain Network Dynamics Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
- The Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging, University College London, London, UK.
| | - Chunyan Cao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai JiaoTong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chien-Hung Yeh
- MRC Brain Network Dynamics Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- School of Information and Electronics Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
| | | | - James Gratwicke
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, University College London, London, UK
| | - Harith Akram
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, University College London, London, UK
| | - Andreas Horn
- Department of Neurology, Charité University, Berlin, Germany
| | - Dianyou Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai JiaoTong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shikun Zhan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai JiaoTong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chao Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai JiaoTong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Department of Neurology, Charité University, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ludvic Zrinzo
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, University College London, London, UK
| | - Tom Foltynie
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, University College London, London, UK
| | - Patricia Limousin
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, University College London, London, UK
| | - Rafal Bogacz
- MRC Brain Network Dynamics Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Bomin Sun
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai JiaoTong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Masud Husain
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Peter Brown
- MRC Brain Network Dynamics Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
| | - Vladimir Litvak
- The Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging, University College London, London, UK.
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Yi G, Wang J. Frequency-Dependent Energy Demand of Dendritic Responses to Deep Brain Stimulation in Thalamic Neurons: A Model-Based Study. IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NEURAL NETWORKS AND LEARNING SYSTEMS 2021; 32:3056-3068. [PMID: 32730206 DOI: 10.1109/tnnls.2020.3009293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Thalamic deep brain stimulation (DBS) generates excitatory postsynaptic currents and action potentials (APs) by triggering large numbers of synaptic inputs to local cells, which also activates axonal spikes to antidromically invade the soma and dendrites. To maintain signaling, the evoked dendritic responses require metabolic energy to restore ion gradients in each dendrite. The objective of this study is to estimate the energy demand associated with dendritic responses to thalamic DBS. We use a morphologically realistic computational model to simulate dendritic activity in thalamocortical (TC) relay neurons with axonal intracellular stimulation or DBS-like extracellular stimulation. We determine the metabolic cost by calculating the number of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) expended to pump Na+ and Ca2+ ions out of each dendrite. The ATP demand of dendritic activity exhibits frequency dependence, which is determined by the number of spikes in the dendrites. Each backpropagating AP from the soma activates a spike in the dendrites, and the dendritic firing is dominated by antidromic activation of the soma. High stimulus frequencies decrease dendritic ATP cost by reducing the fidelity of antidromic activation. Synaptic inputs and stimulus-induced polarization govern the ATP cost of dendritic responses by facilitating/suppressing antidromic activation, which also influences the ATP cost by depolarizing/hyperpolarizing each dendrite. These findings are important for understanding the synaptic signaling energy in TC relay neurons and metabolism-dependent functional imaging data of thalamic DBS.
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