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Zheng J, Yebra M, Schjetnan AGP, Patel K, Katz CN, Kyzar M, Mosher CP, Kalia SK, Chung JM, Reed CM, Valiante TA, Mamelak AN, Kreiman G, Rutishauser U. Theta phase precession supports memory formation and retrieval of naturalistic experience in humans. Nat Hum Behav 2024:10.1038/s41562-024-01983-9. [PMID: 39363119 DOI: 10.1038/s41562-024-01983-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/13/2024] [Indexed: 10/05/2024]
Abstract
Associating different aspects of experience with discrete events is critical for human memory. A potential mechanism for linking memory components is phase precession, during which neurons fire progressively earlier in time relative to theta oscillations. However, no direct link between phase precession and memory has been established. Here we recorded single-neuron activity and local field potentials in the human medial temporal lobe while participants (n = 22) encoded and retrieved memories of movie clips. Bouts of theta and phase precession occurred following cognitive boundaries during movie watching and following stimulus onsets during memory retrieval. Phase precession was dynamic, with different neurons exhibiting precession in different task periods. Phase precession strength provided information about memory encoding and retrieval success that was complementary with firing rates. These data provide direct neural evidence for a functional role of phase precession in human episodic memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mar Yebra
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Andrea G P Schjetnan
- Krembil Research Institute and Division of Neurosurgery, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kramay Patel
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Chaim N Katz
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Michael Kyzar
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Clayton P Mosher
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Suneil K Kalia
- Krembil Research Institute and Division of Neurosurgery, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jeffrey M Chung
- Department of Neurology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Chrystal M Reed
- Department of Neurology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Taufik A Valiante
- Krembil Research Institute and Division of Neurosurgery, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Adam N Mamelak
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Gabriel Kreiman
- Department of Ophthalmology, Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Center for Brain Science, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA.
| | - Ueli Rutishauser
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
- Department of Neurology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
- Center for Neural Science and Medicine, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA.
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2
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Barzan R, Bozkurt B, Nejad MM, Süß ST, Surdin T, Böke H, Spoida K, Azimi Z, Grömmke M, Eickelbeck D, Mark MD, Rohr L, Siveke I, Cheng S, Herlitze S, Jancke D. Gain control of sensory input across polysynaptic circuitries in mouse visual cortex by a single G protein-coupled receptor type (5-HT 2A). Nat Commun 2024; 15:8078. [PMID: 39277631 PMCID: PMC11401874 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-51861-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2024] [Indexed: 09/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Response gain is a crucial means by which modulatory systems control the impact of sensory input. In the visual cortex, the serotonergic 5-HT2A receptor is key in such modulation. However, due to its expression across different cell types and lack of methods that allow for specific activation, the underlying network mechanisms remain unsolved. Here we optogenetically activate endogenous G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) signaling of a single receptor subtype in distinct mouse neocortical subpopulations in vivo. We show that photoactivation of the 5-HT2A receptor pathway in pyramidal neurons enhances firing of both excitatory neurons and interneurons, whereas 5-HT2A photoactivation in parvalbumin interneurons produces bidirectional effects. Combined photoactivation in both cell types and cortical network modelling demonstrates a conductance-driven polysynaptic mechanism that controls the gain of visual input without affecting ongoing baseline levels. Our study opens avenues to explore GPCRs neuromodulation and its impact on sensory-driven activity and ongoing neuronal dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruxandra Barzan
- Optical Imaging Group, Institut für Neuroinformatik, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
- International Graduate School of Neuroscience, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
- MEDICE Arzneimittel Pütter GmbH & Co. KG, Iserlohn, Germany
| | - Beyza Bozkurt
- Optical Imaging Group, Institut für Neuroinformatik, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
- International Graduate School of Neuroscience, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Mohammadreza M Nejad
- Computational Neuroscience, Institute for Neural Computation, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Sandra T Süß
- Department of Zoology and Neurobiology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Tatjana Surdin
- Department of Zoology and Neurobiology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Hanna Böke
- Department of Zoology and Neurobiology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Katharina Spoida
- Department of Zoology and Neurobiology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Zohre Azimi
- Optical Imaging Group, Institut für Neuroinformatik, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
- International Graduate School of Neuroscience, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Michelle Grömmke
- Behavioral Neuroscience, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Dennis Eickelbeck
- Department of Zoology and Neurobiology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Melanie D Mark
- Behavioral Neuroscience, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Lennard Rohr
- Department of Zoology and Neurobiology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Ida Siveke
- Department of Zoology and Neurobiology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Sen Cheng
- Computational Neuroscience, Institute for Neural Computation, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Stefan Herlitze
- Department of Zoology and Neurobiology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Dirk Jancke
- Optical Imaging Group, Institut für Neuroinformatik, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.
- International Graduate School of Neuroscience, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.
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3
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Ku SP, Atucha E, Alavi N, Mulla-Osman H, Kayumova R, Yoshida M, Csicsvari J, Sauvage MM. Phase locking of hippocampal CA3 neurons to distal CA1 theta oscillations selectively predicts memory performance. Cell Rep 2024; 43:114276. [PMID: 38814781 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024] Open
Abstract
How the coordination of neuronal spiking and brain rhythms between hippocampal subregions supports memory function remains elusive. We studied the interregional coordination of CA3 neuronal spiking with CA1 theta oscillations by recording electrophysiological signals along the proximodistal axis of the hippocampus in rats that were performing a high-memory-demand recognition memory task adapted from humans. We found that CA3 population spiking occurs preferentially at the peak of distal CA1 theta oscillations when memory was tested but only when previously encountered stimuli were presented. In addition, decoding analyses revealed that only population cell firing of proximal CA3 together with that of distal CA1 can predict performance at test in the present non-spatial task. Overall, our work demonstrates an important role for the synchronization of CA3 neuronal activity with CA1 theta oscillations during memory testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shih-Pi Ku
- Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Functional Architecture of Memory Department, Magdeburg, Germany.
| | - Erika Atucha
- Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Functional Architecture of Memory Department, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Nico Alavi
- Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Functional Architecture of Memory Department, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Halla Mulla-Osman
- Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Functional Architecture of Memory Department, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Rukhshona Kayumova
- Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Functional Architecture of Memory Department, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Motoharu Yoshida
- Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Functional Architecture of Memory Department, Magdeburg, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Jozsef Csicsvari
- Institute of Science and Technology (IST), Klosterneuburg, Austria
| | - Magdalena M Sauvage
- Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Functional Architecture of Memory Department, Magdeburg, Germany; Otto von Guericke University, Medical Faculty, Functional Neuroplasticity Department, Magdeburg, Germany; Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences (CBBS), Magdeburg, Germany.
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4
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Shivakumar AB, Mehak SF, Jijimon F, Gangadharan G. Extrahippocampal Contributions to Social Memory: The Role of Septal Nuclei. Biol Psychiatry 2024:S0006-3223(24)01287-3. [PMID: 38718881 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2024.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024]
Abstract
Social memory, the ability to recognize and remember individuals within a social group, is crucial for social interactions and relationships. Deficits in social memory have been linked to several neuropsychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders. The hippocampus, especially the circuit that links dorsal CA2 and ventral CA1 neurons, is considered a neural substrate for social memory formation. Recent studies have provided compelling evidence of extrahippocampal contributions to social memory. The septal nuclei, including the medial and lateral septum, make up a basal forebrain region that shares bidirectional neuronal connections with the hippocampus and has recently been identified as critical for social memory. The focus of our review is the neural circuit mechanisms that underlie social memory, with a special emphasis on the septum. We also discuss the social memory dysfunction associated with neuropsychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Apoorva Bettagere Shivakumar
- Department of Ageing Research, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Sonam Fathima Mehak
- Department of Ageing Research, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Feyba Jijimon
- Department of Ageing Research, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Gireesh Gangadharan
- Department of Ageing Research, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India.
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5
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Lee KH, Denovellis EL, Ly R, Magland J, Soules J, Comrie AE, Gramling DP, Guidera JA, Nevers R, Adenekan P, Brozdowski C, Bray SR, Monroe E, Bak JH, Coulter ME, Sun X, Broyles E, Shin D, Chiang S, Holobetz C, Tritt A, Rübel O, Nguyen T, Yatsenko D, Chu J, Kemere C, Garcia S, Buccino A, Frank LM. Spyglass: a framework for reproducible and shareable neuroscience research. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.01.25.577295. [PMID: 38328074 PMCID: PMC10849637 DOI: 10.1101/2024.01.25.577295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Scientific progress depends on reliable and reproducible results. Progress can also be accelerated when data are shared and re-analyzed to address new questions. Current approaches to storing and analyzing neural data typically involve bespoke formats and software that make replication, as well as the subsequent reuse of data, difficult if not impossible. To address these challenges, we created Spyglass, an open-source software framework that enables reproducible analyses and sharing of data and both intermediate and final results within and across labs. Spyglass uses the Neurodata Without Borders (NWB) standard and includes pipelines for several core analyses in neuroscience, including spectral filtering, spike sorting, pose tracking, and neural decoding. It can be easily extended to apply both existing and newly developed pipelines to datasets from multiple sources. We demonstrate these features in the context of a cross-laboratory replication by applying advanced state space decoding algorithms to publicly available data. New users can try out Spyglass on a Jupyter Hub hosted by HHMI and 2i2c: https://spyglass.hhmi.2i2c.cloud/.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyu Hyun Lee
- Department of Physiology, University of California, San Francisco
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, San Francisco
- Kavli Institute for Fundamental Neuroscience, University of California, San Francisco
| | - Eric L. Denovellis
- Department of Physiology, University of California, San Francisco
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, San Francisco
- Kavli Institute for Fundamental Neuroscience, University of California, San Francisco
| | - Ryan Ly
- Scientific Data Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
| | - Jeremy Magland
- Center for Computational Mathematics, Flatiron Institute
| | - Jeff Soules
- Center for Computational Mathematics, Flatiron Institute
| | - Alison E. Comrie
- Department of Physiology, University of California, San Francisco
- Kavli Institute for Fundamental Neuroscience, University of California, San Francisco
| | - Daniel P. Gramling
- Graudate Program in Neural and Behavioral Sciences, University of Tübingen
| | - Jennifer A. Guidera
- Department of Physiology, University of California, San Francisco
- Kavli Institute for Fundamental Neuroscience, University of California, San Francisco
- UCSF-UC Berkeley Graduate Program in Bioengineering, University of California, San Francisco
- Medical Scientist Training Program, University of California, San Francisco
| | - Rhino Nevers
- Department of Physiology, University of California, San Francisco
- Kavli Institute for Fundamental Neuroscience, University of California, San Francisco
| | - Philip Adenekan
- Department of Physiology, University of California, San Francisco
- Kavli Institute for Fundamental Neuroscience, University of California, San Francisco
| | - Chris Brozdowski
- Department of Physiology, University of California, San Francisco
- Kavli Institute for Fundamental Neuroscience, University of California, San Francisco
| | - Samuel R. Bray
- Department of Physiology, University of California, San Francisco
- Kavli Institute for Fundamental Neuroscience, University of California, San Francisco
| | - Emily Monroe
- Department of Physiology, University of California, San Francisco
| | - Ji Hyun Bak
- Department of Physiology, University of California, San Francisco
| | - Michael E. Coulter
- Department of Physiology, University of California, San Francisco
- Kavli Institute for Fundamental Neuroscience, University of California, San Francisco
| | - Xulu Sun
- Department of Physiology, University of California, San Francisco
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, San Francisco
- Kavli Institute for Fundamental Neuroscience, University of California, San Francisco
| | - Emrey Broyles
- Department of Physiology, University of California, San Francisco
- Kavli Institute for Fundamental Neuroscience, University of California, San Francisco
| | - Donghoon Shin
- Department of Physiology, University of California, San Francisco
- Kavli Institute for Fundamental Neuroscience, University of California, San Francisco
- UCSF-UC Berkeley Graduate Program in Bioengineering, University of California, San Francisco
| | - Sharon Chiang
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco
| | | | - Andrew Tritt
- Scientific Data Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
| | - Oliver Rübel
- Scientific Data Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
| | | | | | - Joshua Chu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University
| | - Caleb Kemere
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University
| | | | | | - Loren M. Frank
- Department of Physiology, University of California, San Francisco
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, San Francisco
- Kavli Institute for Fundamental Neuroscience, University of California, San Francisco
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6
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Ruikes TR, Fiorilli J, Lim J, Huis In 't Veld G, Bosman C, Pennartz CMA. Theta Phase Entrainment of Single-Cell Spiking in Rat Somatosensory Barrel Cortex and Secondary Visual Cortex Is Enhanced during Multisensory Discrimination Behavior. eNeuro 2024; 11:ENEURO.0180-23.2024. [PMID: 38621992 PMCID: PMC11055653 DOI: 10.1523/eneuro.0180-23.2024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Phase entrainment of cells by theta oscillations is thought to globally coordinate the activity of cell assemblies across different structures, such as the hippocampus and neocortex. This coordination is likely required for optimal processing of sensory input during recognition and decision-making processes. In quadruple-area ensemble recordings from male rats engaged in a multisensory discrimination task, we investigated phase entrainment of cells by theta oscillations in areas along the corticohippocampal hierarchy: somatosensory barrel cortex (S1BF), secondary visual cortex (V2L), perirhinal cortex (PER), and dorsal hippocampus (dHC). Rats discriminated between two 3D objects presented in tactile-only, visual-only, or both tactile and visual modalities. During task engagement, S1BF, V2L, PER, and dHC LFP signals showed coherent theta-band activity. We found phase entrainment of single-cell spiking activity to locally recorded as well as hippocampal theta activity in S1BF, V2L, PER, and dHC. While phase entrainment of hippocampal spikes to local theta oscillations occurred during sustained epochs of task trials and was nonselective for behavior and modality, somatosensory and visual cortical cells were only phase entrained during stimulus presentation, mainly in their preferred modality (S1BF, tactile; V2L, visual), with subsets of cells selectively phase-entrained during cross-modal stimulus presentation (S1BF: visual; V2L: tactile). This effect could not be explained by modulations of firing rate or theta amplitude. Thus, hippocampal cells are phase entrained during prolonged epochs, while sensory and perirhinal neurons are selectively entrained during sensory stimulus presentation, providing a brief time window for coordination of activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thijs R Ruikes
- Center for Neuroscience, Faculty of Science, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam 1098 XH, The Netherlands
| | - Julien Fiorilli
- Center for Neuroscience, Faculty of Science, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam 1098 XH, The Netherlands
| | - Judith Lim
- Center for Neuroscience, Faculty of Science, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam 1098 XH, The Netherlands
| | - Gerjan Huis In 't Veld
- Center for Neuroscience, Faculty of Science, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam 1098 XH, The Netherlands
| | - Conrado Bosman
- Center for Neuroscience, Faculty of Science, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam 1098 XH, The Netherlands
| | - Cyriel M A Pennartz
- Center for Neuroscience, Faculty of Science, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam 1098 XH, The Netherlands
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7
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Adaikkan C, Joseph J, Foustoukos G, Wang J, Polygalov D, Boehringer R, Middleton SJ, Huang AJY, Tsai LH, McHugh TJ. Silencing CA1 pyramidal cells output reveals the role of feedback inhibition in hippocampal oscillations. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2190. [PMID: 38467602 PMCID: PMC10928166 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46478-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024] Open
Abstract
The precise temporal coordination of neural activity is crucial for brain function. In the hippocampus, this precision is reflected in the oscillatory rhythms observed in CA1. While it is known that a balance between excitatory and inhibitory activity is necessary to generate and maintain these oscillations, the differential contribution of feedforward and feedback inhibition remains ambiguous. Here we use conditional genetics to chronically silence CA1 pyramidal cell transmission, ablating the ability of these neurons to recruit feedback inhibition in the local circuit, while recording physiological activity in mice. We find that this intervention leads to local pathophysiological events, with ripple amplitude and intrinsic frequency becoming significantly larger and spatially triggered local population spikes locked to the trough of the theta oscillation appearing during movement. These phenotypes demonstrate that feedback inhibition is crucial in maintaining local sparsity of activation and reveal the key role of lateral inhibition in CA1 in shaping circuit function.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Justin Joseph
- Centre for Brain Research, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Georgios Foustoukos
- Laboratory for Circuit and Behavioral Physiology, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wakoshi, Saitama, Japan
- Department of Fundamental Neurosciences, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Denis Polygalov
- Laboratory for Circuit and Behavioral Physiology, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wakoshi, Saitama, Japan
| | - Roman Boehringer
- Laboratory for Circuit and Behavioral Physiology, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wakoshi, Saitama, Japan
| | - Steven J Middleton
- Laboratory for Circuit and Behavioral Physiology, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wakoshi, Saitama, Japan
| | - Arthur J Y Huang
- Laboratory for Circuit and Behavioral Physiology, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wakoshi, Saitama, Japan
| | - Li-Huei Tsai
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of Harvard and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Thomas J McHugh
- Laboratory for Circuit and Behavioral Physiology, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wakoshi, Saitama, Japan.
- Department of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
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8
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Sloin HE, Spivak L, Levi A, Gattegno R, Someck S, Stark E. Local activation of CA1 pyramidal cells induces theta-phase precession. Science 2024; 383:551-558. [PMID: 38301006 DOI: 10.1126/science.adk2456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Hippocampal theta-phase precession is involved in spatiotemporal coding and in generating multineural spike sequences, but how precession originates remains unresolved. To determine whether precession can be generated directly in hippocampal area CA1 and disambiguate multiple competing mechanisms, we used closed-loop optogenetics to impose artificial place fields in pyramidal cells of mice running on a linear track. More than one-third of the CA1 artificial fields exhibited synthetic precession that persisted for a full theta cycle. By contrast, artificial fields in the parietal cortex did not exhibit synthetic precession. These findings are incompatible with precession models based on inheritance, dual-input, spreading activation, inhibition-excitation summation, or somato-dendritic competition. Thus, a precession generator resides locally within CA1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadas E Sloin
- Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Lidor Spivak
- Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Amir Levi
- Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Roni Gattegno
- Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Shirly Someck
- Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Eran Stark
- Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
- Sagol Department of Neurobiology, Haifa University, Haifa 3103301, Israel
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9
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Xia JM, Fan BQ, Yi XW, Ni WW, Zhou Y, Chen DD, Yi WJ, Feng LL, Xia Y, Li SS, Qu WM, Han Y, Huang ZL, Li WX. Medial Septal Glutamatergic Neurons Modulate States of Consciousness during Sevoflurane Anesthesia in Mice. Anesthesiology 2024; 140:102-115. [PMID: 37812765 DOI: 10.1097/aln.0000000000004798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multiple neural structures involved in maintaining wakefulness have been found to promote arousal from general anesthesia. The medial septum is a critical region that modulates arousal behavior. This study hypothesized that glutamatergic neurons in the medial septum play a crucial role in regulating states of consciousness during sevoflurane general anesthesia. METHODS Adult male mice were used in this study. The effects of sevoflurane anesthesia on neuronal activity were determined by fiber photometry. Lesions and chemogenetic manipulations were used to study the effects of the altered activity of medial septal glutamatergic neurons on anesthesia induction, emergence, and sensitivity to sevoflurane. Optogenetic stimulation was used to observe the role of acute activation of medial septal glutamatergic neurons on cortical activity and behavioral changes during sevoflurane-induced continuous steady state of general anesthesia and burst suppression state. RESULTS The authors found that medial septal glutamatergic neuronal activity decreased during sevoflurane anesthesia induction and recovered in the early period of emergence. Chemogenetic activation of medial septal glutamatergic neurons prolonged the induction time (mean ± SD, hM3Dq-clozapine N-oxide vs. hM3Dq-saline, 297.5 ± 60.1 s vs. 229.4 ± 29.9 s, P < 0.001, n = 11) and decreased the emergence time (53.2 ± 11.8 s vs. 77.5 ± 33.5 s, P = 0.025, n = 11). Lesions or chemogenetic inhibition of these neurons produced the opposite effects. During steady state of general anesthesia and deep anesthesia-induced burst suppression state, acute optogenetic activation of medial septal glutamatergic neurons induced cortical activation and behavioral emergence. CONCLUSIONS The study findings reveal that activation of medial septal glutamatergic neurons has arousal-promoting effects during sevoflurane anesthesia in male mice. The activation of these neurons prolongs the induction and accelerates the emergence of anesthesia. EDITOR’S PERSPECTIVE
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Ming Xia
- Department of Anesthesiology, Eye and Ear, Nose, and Throat Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bing-Qian Fan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Eye and Ear, Nose, and Throat Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Xiu-Wen Yi
- Department of Anesthesiology, Eye and Ear, Nose, and Throat Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wen-Wen Ni
- Department of Anesthesiology, Eye and Ear, Nose, and Throat Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Zhou
- Department of Anesthesiology, Eye and Ear, Nose, and Throat Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dan-Dan Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Eye and Ear, Nose, and Throat Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wen-Jing Yi
- Department of Anesthesiology, Eye and Ear, Nose, and Throat Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Li-Li Feng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Eye and Ear, Nose, and Throat Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Xia
- Department of Anesthesiology, Eye and Ear, Nose, and Throat Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuang-Shuang Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Eye and Ear, Nose, and Throat Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei-Min Qu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and Ministry of Education Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuan Han
- Department of Anesthesiology, Eye and Ear, Nose, and Throat Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhi-Li Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and Ministry of Education Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wen-Xian Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Eye and Ear, Nose, and Throat Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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10
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Agarwal G, Lustig B, Akera S, Pastalkova E, Lee AK, Sommer FT. News without the buzz: reading out weak theta rhythms in the hippocampus. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.12.22.573160. [PMID: 38187593 PMCID: PMC10769352 DOI: 10.1101/2023.12.22.573160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
Local field potentials (LFPs) reflect the collective dynamics of neural populations, yet their exact relationship to neural codes remains unknown1. One notable exception is the theta rhythm of the rodent hippocampus, which seems to provide a reference clock to decode the animal's position from spatiotemporal patterns of neuronal spiking2 or LFPs3. But when the animal stops, theta becomes irregular4, potentially indicating the breakdown of temporal coding by neural populations. Here we show that no such breakdown occurs, introducing an artificial neural network that can recover position-tuned rhythmic patterns (pThetas) without relying on the more prominent theta rhythm as a reference clock. pTheta and theta preferentially correlate with place cell and interneuron spiking, respectively. When rats forage in an open field, pTheta is jointly tuned to position and head orientation, a property not seen in individual place cells but expected to emerge from place cell sequences5. Our work demonstrates that weak and intermittent oscillations, as seen in many brain regions and species, can carry behavioral information commensurate with population spike codes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gautam Agarwal
- Department of Natural Sciences, Pitzer and Scripps Colleges, Claremont, CA
| | - Brian Lustig
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Janelia Research Campus, Ashburn, VA
- University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | | | | | - Albert K. Lee
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA
| | - Friedrich T. Sommer
- Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, UC Berkeley, Berkeley, CA
- Neuromorphic Computing Lab, Intel Corporation, Santa Clara, CA
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11
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Kesner AJ, Mozaffarilegha M, Thirtamara Rajamani K, Arima Y, Harony-Nicolas H, Hashimotodani Y, Ito HT, Song J, Ikemoto S. Hypothalamic Supramammillary Control of Cognition and Motivation. J Neurosci 2023; 43:7538-7546. [PMID: 37940587 PMCID: PMC10634554 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.1320-23.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The supramammillary nucleus (SuM) is a small region in the ventromedial posterior hypothalamus. The SuM has been relatively understudied with much of the prior focus being on its connection with septo-hippocampal circuitry. Thus, most studies conducted until the 21st century examined its role in hippocampal processes, such as theta rhythm and learning/memory. In recent years, the SuM has been "rediscovered" as a crucial hub for several behavioral and cognitive processes, including reward-seeking, exploration, and social memory. Additionally, it has been shown to play significant roles in hippocampal plasticity and adult neurogenesis. This review highlights findings from recent studies using cutting-edge systems neuroscience tools that have shed light on these fascinating roles for the SuM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew J Kesner
- Unit on Motivation and Arousal, Laboratory for Integrative Neuroscience, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| | | | - Keerthi Thirtamara Rajamani
- Appel Alzheimer's Disease Research Institute, Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York 10021
| | - Yosuke Arima
- Neurocircuitry of Motivation Section, Behavioral Neuroscience Research Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland 21224
- Center on Compulsive Behaviors, Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20894
| | - Hala Harony-Nicolas
- Department of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, Seaver Autism Center for Research and Treatment, Friedman Brain Institute, Mindich Child Health and Development Institute at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029
| | - Yuki Hashimotodani
- Graduate School of Brain Science, Doshisha University, Kyotanabe, Kyoto Japan 610-0394
| | - Hiroshi T Ito
- Max Planck Institute for Brain Research, Frankfurt am Main, Germany 60438
| | - Juan Song
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599
- Neuroscience Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599
| | - Satoshi Ikemoto
- Neurocircuitry of Motivation Section, Behavioral Neuroscience Research Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland 21224
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12
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Buonomano DV, Buzsáki G, Davachi L, Nobre AC. Time for Memories. J Neurosci 2023; 43:7565-7574. [PMID: 37940593 PMCID: PMC10634580 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.1430-23.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The ability to store information about the past to dynamically predict and prepare for the future is among the most fundamental tasks the brain performs. To date, the problems of understanding how the brain stores and organizes information about the past (memory) and how the brain represents and processes temporal information for adaptive behavior have generally been studied as distinct cognitive functions. This Symposium explores the inherent link between memory and temporal cognition, as well as the potential shared neural mechanisms between them. We suggest that working memory and implicit timing are interconnected and may share overlapping neural mechanisms. Additionally, we explore how temporal structure is encoded in associative and episodic memory and, conversely, the influences of episodic memory on subsequent temporal anticipation and the perception of time. We suggest that neural sequences provide a general computational motif that contributes to timing and working memory, as well as the spatiotemporal coding and recall of episodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dean V Buonomano
- Department of Neurobiology, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095
- Integrative Center for Learning and Memory, UCLA, Los Angeles, California 90025
| | - György Buzsáki
- Neuroscience Institute and Department of Neurology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York University, New York, New York 10016
- Center for Neural Science, New York University, New York, New York 10003
| | - Lila Davachi
- Department of Psychology, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027
- Center for Clinical Research, Nathan S. Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, New York 10962
| | - Anna C Nobre
- Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX2 6GG, United Kingdom
- Oxford Centre for Human Brain Activity, Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7JX, United Kingdom
- Department of Psychology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06510
- Wu Tsai Center for Neurocognition and Behavior, Wu Tsai Institute, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06510
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13
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Applegate MC, Gutnichenko KS, Aronov D. Topography of inputs into the hippocampal formation of a food-caching bird. J Comp Neurol 2023; 531:1669-1688. [PMID: 37553864 PMCID: PMC10611445 DOI: 10.1002/cne.25533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023]
Abstract
The mammalian hippocampal formation (HF) is organized into domains associated with different functions. These differences are driven in part by the pattern of input along the hippocampal long axis, such as visual input to the septal hippocampus and amygdalar input to the temporal hippocampus. HF is also organized along the transverse axis, with different patterns of neural activity in the hippocampus and the entorhinal cortex. In some birds, a similar organization has been observed along both of these axes. However, it is not known what role inputs play in this organization. We used retrograde tracing to map inputs into HF of a food-caching bird, the black-capped chickadee. We first compared two locations along the transverse axis: the hippocampus and the dorsolateral hippocampal area (DL), which is analogous to the entorhinal cortex. We found that pallial regions predominantly targeted DL, while some subcortical regions like the lateral hypothalamus (LHy) preferentially targeted the hippocampus. We then examined the hippocampal long axis and found that almost all inputs were topographic along this direction. For example, the anterior hippocampus was preferentially innervated by thalamic regions, while the posterior hippocampus received more amygdalar input. Some of the topographies we found bear a resemblance to those described in the mammalian brain, revealing a remarkable anatomical similarity of phylogenetically distant animals. More generally, our work establishes the pattern of inputs to HF in chickadees. Some of these patterns may be unique to chickadees, laying the groundwork for studying the anatomical basis of these birds' exceptional hippocampal memory.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Dmitriy Aronov
- Zuckerman Mind Brain Behavior Institute Columbia University
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14
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Wodeyar A, Marshall FA, Chu CJ, Eden UT, Kramer MA. Different Methods to Estimate the Phase of Neural Rhythms Agree But Only During Times of Low Uncertainty. eNeuro 2023; 10:ENEURO.0507-22.2023. [PMID: 37833061 PMCID: PMC10626504 DOI: 10.1523/eneuro.0507-22.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Rhythms are a common feature of brain activity. Across different types of rhythms, the phase has been proposed to have functional consequences, thus requiring its accurate specification from noisy data. Phase is conventionally specified using techniques that presume a frequency band-limited rhythm. However, in practice, observed brain rhythms are typically nonsinusoidal and amplitude modulated. How these features impact methods to estimate phase remains unclear. To address this, we consider three phase estimation methods, each with different underlying assumptions about the rhythm. We apply these methods to rhythms simulated with different generative mechanisms and demonstrate inconsistency in phase estimates across the different methods. We propose two improvements to the practice of phase estimation: (1) estimating confidence in the phase estimate, and (2) examining the consistency of phase estimates between two (or more) methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anirudh Wodeyar
- Department of Mathematics & Statistics, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215
| | | | - Catherine J Chu
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02215
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114
| | - Uri T Eden
- Department of Mathematics & Statistics, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215
- Center for Systems Neuroscience, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215
| | - Mark A Kramer
- Department of Mathematics & Statistics, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215
- Center for Systems Neuroscience, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215
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15
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Barth AM, Jelitai M, Vasarhelyi-Nagy MF, Varga V. Aversive stimulus-tuned responses in the CA1 of the dorsal hippocampus. Nat Commun 2023; 14:6841. [PMID: 37891171 PMCID: PMC10611787 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42611-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Throughout life animals inevitably encounter unforeseen threatening events. Activity of principal cells in the hippocampus is tuned for locations and for salient stimuli in the animals' environment thus forming a map known to be pivotal for guiding behavior. Here, we explored if a code of threatening stimuli exists in the CA1 region of the dorsal hippocampus of mice by recording neuronal response to aversive stimuli delivered at changing locations. We have discovered a rapidly emerging, location independent response to innoxious aversive stimuli composed of the coordinated activation of subgroups of pyramidal cells and connected interneurons. Activated pyramidal cells had higher basal firing rate, more probably participated in ripples, targeted more interneurons than place cells and many of them lacked place fields. We also detected aversive stimulus-coupled assemblies dominated by the activated neurons. Notably, these assemblies could be observed even before the delivery of the first aversive event. Finally, we uncovered the systematic shift of the spatial code from the aversive to, surprisingly, the reward location during the fearful stimulus. Our results uncovered components of the dorsal CA1 circuit possibly key for re-sculpting the spatial map in response to abrupt aversive events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albert M Barth
- Subcortical Modulation Research Group, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Budapest, 1083, Hungary.
- Cerebral Cortex Research Group, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Budapest, 1083, Hungary.
| | - Marta Jelitai
- Subcortical Modulation Research Group, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Budapest, 1083, Hungary
| | | | - Viktor Varga
- Subcortical Modulation Research Group, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Budapest, 1083, Hungary.
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16
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Mehrotra D, Dubé L. Accounting for multiscale processing in adaptive real-world decision-making via the hippocampus. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1200842. [PMID: 37732307 PMCID: PMC10508350 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1200842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023] Open
Abstract
For adaptive real-time behavior in real-world contexts, the brain needs to allow past information over multiple timescales to influence current processing for making choices that create the best outcome as a person goes about making choices in their everyday life. The neuroeconomics literature on value-based decision-making has formalized such choice through reinforcement learning models for two extreme strategies. These strategies are model-free (MF), which is an automatic, stimulus-response type of action, and model-based (MB), which bases choice on cognitive representations of the world and causal inference on environment-behavior structure. The emphasis of examining the neural substrates of value-based decision making has been on the striatum and prefrontal regions, especially with regards to the "here and now" decision-making. Yet, such a dichotomy does not embrace all the dynamic complexity involved. In addition, despite robust research on the role of the hippocampus in memory and spatial learning, its contribution to value-based decision making is just starting to be explored. This paper aims to better appreciate the role of the hippocampus in decision-making and advance the successor representation (SR) as a candidate mechanism for encoding state representations in the hippocampus, separate from reward representations. To this end, we review research that relates hippocampal sequences to SR models showing that the implementation of such sequences in reinforcement learning agents improves their performance. This also enables the agents to perform multiscale temporal processing in a biologically plausible manner. Altogether, we articulate a framework to advance current striatal and prefrontal-focused decision making to better account for multiscale mechanisms underlying various real-world time-related concepts such as the self that cumulates over a person's life course.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhruv Mehrotra
- Integrated Program in Neuroscience, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Montréal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Laurette Dubé
- Desautels Faculty of Management, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
- McGill Center for the Convergence of Health and Economics, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
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17
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Etter G, Carmichael JE, Williams S. Linking temporal coordination of hippocampal activity to memory function. Front Cell Neurosci 2023; 17:1233849. [PMID: 37720546 PMCID: PMC10501408 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2023.1233849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Oscillations in neural activity are widespread throughout the brain and can be observed at the population level through the local field potential. These rhythmic patterns are associated with cycles of excitability and are thought to coordinate networks of neurons, in turn facilitating effective communication both within local circuits and across brain regions. In the hippocampus, theta rhythms (4-12 Hz) could contribute to several key physiological mechanisms including long-range synchrony, plasticity, and at the behavioral scale, support memory encoding and retrieval. While neurons in the hippocampus appear to be temporally coordinated by theta oscillations, they also tend to fire in sequences that are developmentally preconfigured. Although loss of theta rhythmicity impairs memory, these sequences of spatiotemporal representations persist in conditions of altered hippocampal oscillations. The focus of this review is to disentangle the relative contribution of hippocampal oscillations from single-neuron activity in learning and memory. We first review cellular, anatomical, and physiological mechanisms underlying the generation and maintenance of hippocampal rhythms and how they contribute to memory function. We propose candidate hypotheses for how septohippocampal oscillations could support memory function while not contributing directly to hippocampal sequences. In particular, we explore how theta rhythms could coordinate the integration of upstream signals in the hippocampus to form future decisions, the relevance of such integration to downstream regions, as well as setting the stage for behavioral timescale synaptic plasticity. Finally, we leverage stimulation-based treatment in Alzheimer's disease conditions as an opportunity to assess the sufficiency of hippocampal oscillations for memory function.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sylvain Williams
- Department of Psychiatry, Douglas Mental Health Research Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
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18
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Wodeyar A, Marshall FA, Chu CJ, Eden UT, Kramer MA. Different methods to estimate the phase of neural rhythms agree, but only during times of low uncertainty. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.01.05.522914. [PMID: 37693592 PMCID: PMC10491120 DOI: 10.1101/2023.01.05.522914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
Rhythms are a common feature of brain activity. Across different types of rhythms, the phase has been proposed to have functional consequences, thus requiring its accurate specification from noisy data. Phase is conventionally specified using techniques that presume a frequency band-limited rhythm. However, in practice, observed brain rhythms are typically non-sinusoidal and amplitude modulated. How these features impact methods to estimate phase remains unclear. To address this, we consider three phase estimation methods, each with different underlying assumptions about the rhythm. We apply these methods to rhythms simulated with different generative mechanisms and demonstrate inconsistency in phase estimates across the different methods. We propose two improvements to the practice of phase estimation: (1) estimating confidence in the phase estimate, and (2) examining the consistency of phase estimates between two (or more) methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anirudh Wodeyar
- Department of Mathematics & Statistics, Boston University, Boston MA, USA, 02215
| | - François A. Marshall
- Department of Mathematics & Statistics, Boston University, Boston MA, USA, 02215
| | - Catherine J. Chu
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA; USA, 02215
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA, 02114
| | - Uri T. Eden
- Department of Mathematics & Statistics, Boston University, Boston MA, USA, 02215
- Center for Systems Neuroscience, Boston University, Boston MA, USA, 02215
| | - Mark A. Kramer
- Department of Mathematics & Statistics, Boston University, Boston MA, USA, 02215
- Center for Systems Neuroscience, Boston University, Boston MA, USA, 02215
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19
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Cota VR, Cançado SAV, Moraes MFD. On temporal scale-free non-periodic stimulation and its mechanisms as an infinite improbability drive of the brain's functional connectogram. Front Neuroinform 2023; 17:1173597. [PMID: 37293579 PMCID: PMC10244597 DOI: 10.3389/fninf.2023.1173597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Rationalized development of electrical stimulation (ES) therapy is of paramount importance. Not only it will foster new techniques and technologies with increased levels of safety, efficacy, and efficiency, but it will also facilitate the translation from basic research to clinical practice. For such endeavor, design of new technologies must dialogue with state-of-the-art neuroscientific knowledge. By its turn, neuroscience is transitioning-a movement started a couple of decades earlier-into adopting a new conceptual framework for brain architecture, in which time and thus temporal patterns plays a central role in the neuronal representation of sampled data from the world. This article discusses how neuroscience has evolved to understand the importance of brain rhythms in the overall functional architecture of the nervous system and, consequently, that neuromodulation research should embrace this new conceptual framework. Based on such support, we revisit the literature on standard (fixed-frequency pulsatile stimuli) and mostly non-standard patterns of ES to put forward our own rationale on how temporally complex stimulation schemes may impact neuromodulation strategies. We then proceed to present a low frequency, on average (thus low energy), scale-free temporally randomized ES pattern for the treatment of experimental epilepsy, devised by our group and termed NPS (Non-periodic Stimulation). The approach has been shown to have robust anticonvulsant effects in different animal models of acute and chronic seizures (displaying dysfunctional hyperexcitable tissue), while also preserving neural function. In our understanding, accumulated mechanistic evidence suggests such a beneficial mechanism of action may be due to the natural-like characteristic of a scale-free temporal pattern that may robustly compete with aberrant epileptiform activity for the recruitment of neural circuits. Delivering temporally patterned or random stimuli within specific phases of the underlying oscillations (i.e., those involved in the communication within and across brain regions) could both potentiate and disrupt the formation of neuronal assemblies with random probability. The usage of infinite improbability drive here is obviously a reference to the "The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy" comedy science fiction classic, written by Douglas Adams. The parallel is that dynamically driving brain functional connectogram, through neuromodulation, in a manner that would not favor any specific neuronal assembly and/or circuit, could re-stabilize a system that is transitioning to fall under the control of a single attractor. We conclude by discussing future avenues of investigation and their potentially disruptive impact on neurotechnology, with a particular interest in NPS implications in neural plasticity, motor rehabilitation, and its potential for clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinícius Rosa Cota
- Rehab Technologies - INAIL Lab, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genoa, Italy
- Laboratory of Neuroengineering and Neuroscience, Department of Electrical Engineering, Federal University of São João del-Rei, São João del Rei, Brazil
| | - Sérgio Augusto Vieira Cançado
- Núcleo Avançado de Tratamento das Epilepsias (NATE), Felício Rocho Hospital, Fundação Felice Rosso, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Márcio Flávio Dutra Moraes
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Núcleo de Neurociências, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
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20
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Zheng J, Zhu H, Zhao Z, Du M, Wang Z, Lan L, Zhang J. Vesicular acetylcholine transporter in the basal forebrain improves cognitive impairment in chronic cerebral hypoperfusion rats by modulating theta oscillations in the hippocampus. Neurosci Lett 2023; 807:137281. [PMID: 37120008 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2023.137281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/01/2023]
Abstract
The cholinergic transmission in the medial septum and ventral limb of the diagonal band of broca (MS/VDB)-hippocampal circuit and its associated theta oscillations play a crucial role in chronic cerebral hypoperfusion (CCH)-related cognitive impairment. However, the contribution and mechanism of the vesicular acetylcholine transporter (VAChT), a vital protein that regulates acetylcholine (ACh) release, in CCH-related cognitive impairment are not well understood. To investigate this, we established a rat model of CCH by performing 2-vessel occlusion (2-VO) and overexpressed VAChT in the MS/VDB via stereotaxic injection of adeno-associated virus (AAV). We evaluated the cognitive function of the rats using the Morris Water Maze (MWM) and Novel Object Recognition Test (NOR). We employed enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), Western blot (WB), and immunohistochemistry (IHC) to assess hippocampal cholinergic levels. We also conducted in vivo local field potentials (LFPs) recording experiments to evaluate changes in hippocampal theta oscillations and synchrony. Our findings showed that VAChT overexpression shortened the escape latency in the hidden platform test, increased swimming time in the platform quadrant in probe trains, and increased the recognition index (RI) in NOR. Moreover, VAChT overexpression increased hippocampal cholinergic levels, improved theta oscillations, and improved the synchrony of theta oscillations between CA1 and CA3 in CCH rats. These results suggest that VAChT plays a protective role in CCH-induced cognitive deficits by regulating cholinergic transmission in the MS/VDB-hippocampal circuit and promoting hippocampal theta oscillations. Therefore, VAChT could be a promising therapeutic target for treating CCH-related cognitive impairments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxin Zheng
- Department of Neurology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, No.169, Donghu Road, Wuhan 430071, Hubei, China; Department of Neurology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, No.169, Donghu Road, Wuhan 430071, Hubei, China
| | - Hong Zhu
- Department of Neurology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, No.169, Donghu Road, Wuhan 430071, Hubei, China; Department of Neurology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, No.169, Donghu Road, Wuhan 430071, Hubei, China
| | - Zhenyu Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, No.169, Donghu Road, Wuhan 430071, Hubei, China; Department of Neurology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, No.169, Donghu Road, Wuhan 430071, Hubei, China
| | - Miaoyu Du
- Department of Neurology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, No.169, Donghu Road, Wuhan 430071, Hubei, China; Department of Neurology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, No.169, Donghu Road, Wuhan 430071, Hubei, China
| | - Zhitian Wang
- Department of Neurology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, No.169, Donghu Road, Wuhan 430071, Hubei, China; Department of Neurology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, No.169, Donghu Road, Wuhan 430071, Hubei, China
| | - Liuyi Lan
- Department of Neurology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, No.169, Donghu Road, Wuhan 430071, Hubei, China; Department of Neurology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, No.169, Donghu Road, Wuhan 430071, Hubei, China
| | - Junjian Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, No.169, Donghu Road, Wuhan 430071, Hubei, China; Department of Neurology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, No.169, Donghu Road, Wuhan 430071, Hubei, China.
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21
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Noguchi A, Yamashiro K, Matsumoto N, Ikegaya Y. Theta oscillations represent collective dynamics of multineuronal membrane potentials of murine hippocampal pyramidal cells. Commun Biol 2023; 6:398. [PMID: 37045975 PMCID: PMC10097823 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-04719-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Theta (θ) oscillations are one of the characteristic local field potentials (LFPs) in the hippocampus that emerge during spatial navigation, exploratory sniffing, and rapid eye movement sleep. LFPs are thought to summarize multineuronal events, including synaptic currents and action potentials. However, no in vivo study to date has directly interrelated θ oscillations with the membrane potentials (Vm) of multiple neurons, and it remains unclear whether LFPs can be predicted from multineuronal Vms. Here, we simultaneously patch-clamp up to three CA1 pyramidal neurons in awake or anesthetized mice and find that the temporal evolution of the power and frequency of θ oscillations in Vms (θVms) are weakly but significantly correlate with LFP θ oscillations (θLFP) such that a deep neural network could predict the θLFP waveforms based on the θVm traces of three neurons. Therefore, individual neurons are loosely interdependent to ensure freedom of activity, but they partially share information to collectively produce θLFP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asako Noguchi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan.
| | - Kotaro Yamashiro
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Nobuyoshi Matsumoto
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
- Institute for AI and Beyond, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Yuji Ikegaya
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
- Institute for AI and Beyond, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
- Center for Information and Neural Networks, National Institute of Information and Communications Technology, Suita City, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
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22
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Wang X, Shu Z, He Q, Zhang X, Li L, Zhang X, Li L, Xiao Y, Peng B, Guo F, Wang DH, Shu Y. Functional Autapses Form in Striatal Parvalbumin Interneurons but not Medium Spiny Projection Neurons. Neurosci Bull 2023; 39:576-588. [PMID: 36502511 PMCID: PMC10073377 DOI: 10.1007/s12264-022-00991-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Autapses selectively form in specific cell types in many brain regions. Previous studies have also found putative autapses in principal spiny projection neurons (SPNs) in the striatum. However, it remains unclear whether these neurons indeed form physiologically functional autapses. We applied whole-cell recording in striatal slices and identified autaptic cells by the occurrence of prolonged asynchronous release (AR) of neurotransmitters after bursts of high-frequency action potentials (APs). Surprisingly, we found no autaptic AR in SPNs, even in the presence of Sr2+. However, robust autaptic AR was recorded in parvalbumin (PV)-expressing neurons. The autaptic responses were mediated by GABAA receptors and their strength was dependent on AP frequency and number. Further computer simulations suggest that autapses regulate spiking activity in PV cells by providing self-inhibition and thus shape network oscillations. Together, our results indicate that PV neurons, but not SPNs, form functional autapses, which may play important roles in striatal functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Wang
- School of Systems Science and State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Zhenfeng Shu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jinshan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institute for Translational Brain Research, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Section of Infection and Immunity, Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
| | - Quansheng He
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jinshan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institute for Translational Brain Research, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Xiaowen Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jinshan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institute for Translational Brain Research, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Luozheng Li
- School of Systems Science and State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Xiaoxue Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jinshan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institute for Translational Brain Research, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Liang Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jinshan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institute for Translational Brain Research, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yujie Xiao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jinshan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institute for Translational Brain Research, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Bo Peng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jinshan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institute for Translational Brain Research, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Feifan Guo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jinshan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institute for Translational Brain Research, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Da-Hui Wang
- School of Systems Science and State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China.
| | - Yousheng Shu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jinshan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institute for Translational Brain Research, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
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23
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George TM, de Cothi W, Stachenfeld KL, Barry C. Rapid learning of predictive maps with STDP and theta phase precession. eLife 2023; 12:e80663. [PMID: 36927826 PMCID: PMC10019887 DOI: 10.7554/elife.80663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/26/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The predictive map hypothesis is a promising candidate principle for hippocampal function. A favoured formalisation of this hypothesis, called the successor representation, proposes that each place cell encodes the expected state occupancy of its target location in the near future. This predictive framework is supported by behavioural as well as electrophysiological evidence and has desirable consequences for both the generalisability and efficiency of reinforcement learning algorithms. However, it is unclear how the successor representation might be learnt in the brain. Error-driven temporal difference learning, commonly used to learn successor representations in artificial agents, is not known to be implemented in hippocampal networks. Instead, we demonstrate that spike-timing dependent plasticity (STDP), a form of Hebbian learning, acting on temporally compressed trajectories known as 'theta sweeps', is sufficient to rapidly learn a close approximation to the successor representation. The model is biologically plausible - it uses spiking neurons modulated by theta-band oscillations, diffuse and overlapping place cell-like state representations, and experimentally matched parameters. We show how this model maps onto known aspects of hippocampal circuitry and explains substantial variance in the temporal difference successor matrix, consequently giving rise to place cells that demonstrate experimentally observed successor representation-related phenomena including backwards expansion on a 1D track and elongation near walls in 2D. Finally, our model provides insight into the observed topographical ordering of place field sizes along the dorsal-ventral axis by showing this is necessary to prevent the detrimental mixing of larger place fields, which encode longer timescale successor representations, with more fine-grained predictions of spatial location.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tom M George
- Sainsbury Wellcome Centre for Neural Circuits and Behaviour, University College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - William de Cothi
- Research Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
| | | | - Caswell Barry
- Research Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
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24
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Applegate MC, Gutnichenko KS, Aronov D. Topography of inputs into the hippocampal formation of a food-caching bird. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.03.14.532572. [PMID: 36993579 PMCID: PMC10054989 DOI: 10.1101/2023.03.14.532572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
The mammalian hippocampal formation (HF) is organized into domains associated with different functions. These differences are driven in part by the pattern of input along the hippocampal long axis, such as visual input to the septal hippocampus and amygdalar input to temporal hippocampus. HF is also organized along the transverse axis, with different patterns of neural activity in the hippocampus and the entorhinal cortex. In some birds, a similar organization has been observed along both of these axes. However, it is not known what role inputs play in this organization. We used retrograde tracing to map inputs into HF of a food-caching bird, the black-capped chickadee. We first compared two locations along the transverse axis: the hippocampus and the dorsolateral hippocampal area (DL), which is analogous to the entorhinal cortex. We found that pallial regions predominantly targeted DL, while some subcortical regions like the lateral hypothalamus (LHy) preferentially targeted the hippocampus. We then examined the hippocampal long axis and found that almost all inputs were topographic along this direction. For example, the anterior hippocampus was preferentially innervated by thalamic regions, while posterior hippocampus received more amygdalar input. Some of the topographies we found bear resemblance to those described in the mammalian brain, revealing a remarkable anatomical similarity of phylogenetically distant animals. More generally, our work establishes the pattern of inputs to HF in chickadees. Some of these patterns may be unique to chickadees, laying the groundwork for studying the anatomical basis of these birds ’ exceptional hippocampal memory.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Dmitriy Aronov
- Zuckerman Mind Brain Behavior Institute, Columbia University
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25
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Ferrier FJ, Saul I, Khoury N, Ruiz AJ, Lao EJP, Escobar I, Dave KR, Young JI, Perez-Pinzon MA. Post cardiac arrest physical exercise mitigates cell death in the septal and thalamic nuclei and ameliorates contextual fear conditioning deficits in rats. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2023; 43:446-459. [PMID: 36369732 PMCID: PMC9941858 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x221137539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
A major concern for cardiac arrest (CA) survivors is the manifestation of long-term cognitive impairments. Physical exercise (PE) is a well-established approach to improve cognitive functions under certain pathological conditions. We previously showed that PE post-CA mitigates cognitive deficits, but the underlying mechanisms remain unknown. To define neuroprotective mechanisms, we analyzed whether PE post-CA protects neurons involved in memory. We first performed a contextual fear conditioning (CFC) test to confirm that PE post-CA preserves memory in rats. We then conducted a cell-count analysis and determined the number of live cells in the hippocampus, and septal and thalamic nuclei, all areas involved in cognitive functions. Lastly, we performed RNA-seq to determine PE post-CA effect on gene expression. Following CA, exercised rats had preserved CFC memory than sham PE animals. Despite this outcome, PE post-CA did not protect hippocampal cells from dying. However, PE ameliorated cell death in septal and thalamic nuclei compared to sham PE animals, suggesting that these nuclei are crucial in mitigating cognitive decline post-CA. Interestingly, PE affected regulation of genes related to neuroinflammation, plasticity, and cell death. These findings reveal potential mechanisms whereby PE post-CA preserves cognitive functions by protecting septal and thalamic cells via gene regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando J Ferrier
- Peritz Scheinberg Cerebral Vascular Disease Research
Laboratories, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami,
FL, USA
- Neuroscience Program, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller
School of Medicine, Miami FL
| | - Isabel Saul
- Peritz Scheinberg Cerebral Vascular Disease Research
Laboratories, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami,
FL, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller
School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Nathalie Khoury
- Peritz Scheinberg Cerebral Vascular Disease Research
Laboratories, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami,
FL, USA
- Neuroscience Program, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller
School of Medicine, Miami FL
| | - Alexander J Ruiz
- Peritz Scheinberg Cerebral Vascular Disease Research
Laboratories, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami,
FL, USA
| | - Efrain J Perez Lao
- Peritz Scheinberg Cerebral Vascular Disease Research
Laboratories, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami,
FL, USA
- Neuroscience Program, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller
School of Medicine, Miami FL
- Hussman Institute for Human Genetics, University of Miami
Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Iris Escobar
- Peritz Scheinberg Cerebral Vascular Disease Research
Laboratories, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami,
FL, USA
- Neuroscience Program, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller
School of Medicine, Miami FL
| | - Kunjan R Dave
- Peritz Scheinberg Cerebral Vascular Disease Research
Laboratories, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami,
FL, USA
- Neuroscience Program, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller
School of Medicine, Miami FL
- Department of Neurology, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller
School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Juan I Young
- Hussman Institute for Human Genetics, University of Miami
Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Miguel A Perez-Pinzon
- Peritz Scheinberg Cerebral Vascular Disease Research
Laboratories, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami,
FL, USA
- Neuroscience Program, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller
School of Medicine, Miami FL
- Department of Neurology, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller
School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
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26
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Kim T, Chen D, Hornauer P, Emmenegger V, Bartram J, Ronchi S, Hierlemann A, Schröter M, Roqueiro D. Predicting in vitro single-neuron firing rates upon pharmacological perturbation using Graph Neural Networks. Front Neuroinform 2023; 16:1032538. [PMID: 36713289 PMCID: PMC9874697 DOI: 10.3389/fninf.2022.1032538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Modern Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) provide opportunities to study the determinants underlying the complex activity patterns of biological neuronal networks. In this study, we applied GNNs to a large-scale electrophysiological dataset of rodent primary neuronal networks obtained by means of high-density microelectrode arrays (HD-MEAs). HD-MEAs allow for long-term recording of extracellular spiking activity of individual neurons and networks and enable the extraction of physiologically relevant features at the single-neuron and population level. We employed established GNNs to generate a combined representation of single-neuron and connectivity features obtained from HD-MEA data, with the ultimate goal of predicting changes in single-neuron firing rate induced by a pharmacological perturbation. The aim of the main prediction task was to assess whether single-neuron and functional connectivity features, inferred under baseline conditions, were informative for predicting changes in neuronal activity in response to a perturbation with Bicuculline, a GABA A receptor antagonist. Our results suggest that the joint representation of node features and functional connectivity, extracted from a baseline recording, was informative for predicting firing rate changes of individual neurons after the perturbation. Specifically, our implementation of a GNN model with inductive learning capability (GraphSAGE) outperformed other prediction models that relied only on single-neuron features. We tested the generalizability of the results on two additional datasets of HD-MEA recordings-a second dataset with cultures perturbed with Bicuculline and a dataset perturbed with the GABA A receptor antagonist Gabazine. GraphSAGE models showed improved prediction accuracy over other prediction models. Our results demonstrate the added value of taking into account the functional connectivity between neurons and the potential of GNNs to study complex interactions between neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taehoon Kim
- Bioengineering Laboratory, Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zurich, Basel, Switzerland
- Machine Learning and Computational Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zurich, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Dexiong Chen
- Machine Learning and Computational Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zurich, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Philipp Hornauer
- Bioengineering Laboratory, Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zurich, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Vishalini Emmenegger
- Bioengineering Laboratory, Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zurich, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Julian Bartram
- Bioengineering Laboratory, Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zurich, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Silvia Ronchi
- Bioengineering Laboratory, Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zurich, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Andreas Hierlemann
- Bioengineering Laboratory, Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zurich, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Manuel Schröter
- Bioengineering Laboratory, Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zurich, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Damian Roqueiro
- Machine Learning and Computational Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zurich, Basel, Switzerland
- SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Zurich, Switzerland
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27
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Valero M, Navas-Olive A, de la Prida LM, Buzsáki G. Inhibitory conductance controls place field dynamics in the hippocampus. Cell Rep 2022; 40:111232. [PMID: 36001959 PMCID: PMC9595125 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Revised: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Hippocampal place cells receive a disparate collection of excitatory and inhibitory currents that endow them with spatially selective discharges and rhythmic activity. Using a combination of in vivo intracellular and extracellular recordings with opto/chemogenetic manipulations and computational modeling, we investigate the influence of inhibitory and excitatory inputs on CA1 pyramidal cell responses. At the cell bodies, inhibition leads and is stronger than excitation across the entire theta cycle. Pyramidal neurons fire on the ascending phase of theta when released from inhibition. Computational models equipped with the observed conductances reproduce these dynamics. In these models, place field properties are favored when the increased excitation is coupled with a reduction of inhibition within the field. As predicted by our simulations, firing rate within place fields and phase locking to theta are impaired by DREADDs activation of interneurons. Our results indicate that decreased inhibitory conductance is critical for place field expression. Valero et al. examine the influence of inhibition on place fields. They show that hippocampal neurons are dominated by inhibitory conductances during theta oscillations. A transient increase of excitation and drop of inhibition mediates place field emergence in simulations. Consistently, chemogenetic activation of interneurons deteriorates place cell properties in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Valero
- Neuroscience Institute, Langone Medical Center, New York University, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Andrea Navas-Olive
- Instituto Cajal, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Avenue Doctor Arce 37, Madrid 28002, Spain
| | - Liset M de la Prida
- Instituto Cajal, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Avenue Doctor Arce 37, Madrid 28002, Spain.
| | - György Buzsáki
- Neuroscience Institute, Langone Medical Center, New York University, New York, NY 10016, USA; Center for Neural Science, New York University, New York, NY 10003, USA; Department of Neurology, Langone Medical Center, New York, NY 10016, USA.
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28
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Griguoli M, Pimpinella D. Medial septum: relevance for social memory. Front Neural Circuits 2022; 16:965172. [PMID: 36082110 PMCID: PMC9445153 DOI: 10.3389/fncir.2022.965172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Animal species are named social when they develop the capability of complex behaviors based on interactions with conspecifics that include communication, aggression, mating and parental behavior, crucial for well-being and survival. The underpinning of such complex behaviors is social memory, namely the capacity to discriminate between familiar and novel individuals. The Medial Septum (MS), a region localized in the basal forebrain, is part of the brain network involved in social memory formation. MS receives several cortical and subcortical synaptic and neuromodulatory inputs that make it an important hub in processing social information relevant for social memory. Particular attention is paid to synaptic inputs that control both the MS and the CA2 region of the hippocampus, one of the major MS output, that has been causally linked to social memory. In this review article, we will provide an overview of local and long range connectivity that allows MS to integrate and process social information. Furthermore, we will summarize previous strategies used to determine how MS controls social memory in different animal species. Finally, we will discuss the impact of an altered MS signaling on social memory in animal models and patients affected by neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative disorders, including autism and Alzheimer’s Disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marilena Griguoli
- European Brain Research Institute (EBRI), Fondazione Rita Levi-Montalcini, Rome, Italy
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology of the National Council of Research (IBPM-CNR), Rome, Italy
- *Correspondence: Marilena Griguoli
| | - Domenico Pimpinella
- European Brain Research Institute (EBRI), Fondazione Rita Levi-Montalcini, Rome, Italy
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29
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Abstract
When navigating through space, we must maintain a representation of our position in real time; when recalling a past episode, a memory can come back in a flash. Interestingly, the brain's spatial representation system, including the hippocampus, supports these two distinct timescale functions. How are neural representations of space used in the service of both real-world navigation and internal mnemonic processes? Recent progress has identified sequences of hippocampal place cells, evolving at multiple timescales in accordance with either navigational behaviors or internal oscillations, that underlie these functions. We review experimental findings on experience-dependent modulation of these sequential representations and consider how they link real-world navigation to time-compressed memories. We further discuss recent work suggesting the prevalence of these sequences beyond hippocampus and propose that these multiple-timescale mechanisms may represent a general algorithm for organizing cell assemblies, potentially unifying the dual roles of the spatial representation system in memory and navigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenbo Tang
- Graduate Program in Neuroscience, Brandeis University, Waltham, Massachusetts, USA;
| | - Shantanu P Jadhav
- Neuroscience Program, Department of Psychology, and Volen National Center for Complex Systems, Brandeis University, Waltham, Massachusetts, USA;
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30
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Totty MS, Maren S. Neural Oscillations in Aversively Motivated Behavior. Front Behav Neurosci 2022; 16:936036. [PMID: 35846784 PMCID: PMC9284508 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2022.936036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Fear and anxiety-based disorders are highly debilitating and among the most prevalent psychiatric disorders. These disorders are associated with abnormal network oscillations in the brain, yet a comprehensive understanding of the role of network oscillations in the regulation of aversively motivated behavior is lacking. In this review, we examine the oscillatory correlates of fear and anxiety with a particular focus on rhythms in the theta and gamma-range. First, we describe neural oscillations and their link to neural function by detailing the role of well-studied theta and gamma rhythms to spatial and memory functions of the hippocampus. We then describe how theta and gamma oscillations act to synchronize brain structures to guide adaptive fear and anxiety-like behavior. In short, that hippocampal network oscillations act to integrate spatial information with motivationally salient information from the amygdala during states of anxiety before routing this information via theta oscillations to appropriate target regions, such as the prefrontal cortex. Moreover, theta and gamma oscillations develop in the amygdala and neocortical areas during the encoding of fear memories, and interregional synchronization reflects the retrieval of both recent and remotely encoded fear memories. Finally, we argue that the thalamic nucleus reuniens represents a key node synchronizing prefrontal-hippocampal theta dynamics for the retrieval of episodic extinction memories in the hippocampus.
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31
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Chen BW, Yang SH, Kuo CH, Chen JW, Lo YC, Kuo YT, Lin YC, Chang HC, Lin SH, Yu X, Qu B, Ro SCV, Lai HY, Chen YY. Neuro-Inspired Reinforcement Learning To Improve Trajectory Prediction In Reward-Guided Behavior. Int J Neural Syst 2022; 32:2250038. [DOI: 10.1142/s0129065722500381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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32
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Deep Brain Stimulation of the Medial Septal Area Can Modulate Gene Expression in the Hippocampus of Rats under Urethane Anesthesia. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23116034. [PMID: 35682713 PMCID: PMC9181580 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23116034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 05/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
We studied the effects of stimulation of the medial septal area on the gene expression in the dorsal and ventral hippocampus. Rats under urethane anesthesia were implanted with a recording electrode in the right hippocampus and stimulating electrode in the dorsal medial septum (dMS) or medial septal nucleus (MSN). After one-hour-long deep brain stimulation, we collected ipsi- and contralateral dorsal and ventral hippocampi. Quantitative PCR showed that deep brain stimulation did not cause any changes in the intact contralateral dorsal and ventral hippocampi. A comparison of ipsi- and contralateral hippocampi in the control unstimulated animals showed that electrode implantation in the ipsilateral dorsal hippocampus led to a dramatic increase in the expression of immediate early genes (c-fos, arc, egr1, npas4), neurotrophins (ngf, bdnf) and inflammatory cytokines (il1b and tnf, but not il6) not only in the area close to implantation site but also in the ventral hippocampus. Moreover, the stimulation of MSN but not dMS further increased the expression of c-fos, egr1, npas4, bdnf, and tnf in the ipsilateral ventral but not dorsal hippocampus. Our data suggest that the activation of medial septal nucleus can change the gene expression in ventral hippocampal cells after their priming by other stimuli.
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33
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Petersen PC, Vöröslakos M, Buzsáki G. Brain temperature affects quantitative features of hippocampal sharp wave ripples. J Neurophysiol 2022; 127:1417-1425. [PMID: 35389772 PMCID: PMC9109799 DOI: 10.1152/jn.00047.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Biochemical mechanisms are temperature dependent. Brain temperature shows wide variations across brain states, and such changes may explain quantitative changes in network oscillations. Here, we report on the relationship between various hippocampal sharp wave ripple features to brain temperature. Ripple frequency, occurrence rate, and duration correlated with temperature dynamics. By focal manipulation of the brain temperature in the hippocampal CA1 region, we show that ripple frequency can be increased and decreased by local heating and cooling, respectively. Changes of other parameters, such as the rate of sharp wave-ripple complex (SPW-R) and ripple duration were not consistently affected. Our findings suggest that brain temperature in the CA1 region plays a leading role in affecting ripple frequency, whereas other parameters of SPW-Rs may be determined by mechanisms upstream from the CA1 region. These findings illustrate that physiological variations of brain temperature exert important effects on hippocampal circuit operations.NEW & NOTEWORTHY During physiological conditions, brain temperature fluctuates approximately 3°C between sleep and active waking. Here, we show that features of hippocampal ripples, including the rate of occurrence, peak frequency, and duration are correlated with brain temperature variations. Focal bidirectional manipulation of temperature in the hippocampal CA1 region in awake rodents show that ripple frequency can be altered in the direction expected from the correlational observations, implying that temperature plays a significant role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter C Petersen
- Neuroscience Institute, School of Medicine, New York University, New York City, New York
| | - Mihály Vöröslakos
- Neuroscience Institute, School of Medicine, New York University, New York City, New York
| | - György Buzsáki
- Neuroscience Institute, School of Medicine, New York University, New York City, New York
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, New York University, New York City, New York
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34
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Abstract
By linking the past with the future, our memories define our sense of identity. Because human memory engages the conscious realm, its examination has historically been approached from language and introspection and proceeded largely along separate parallel paths in humans and other animals. Here, we first highlight the achievements and limitations of this mind-based approach and make the case for a new brain-based understanding of declarative memory with a focus on hippocampal physiology. Next, we discuss the interleaved nature and common physiological mechanisms of navigation in real and mental spacetime. We suggest that a distinguishing feature of memory types is whether they subserve actions for single or multiple uses. Finally, in contrast to the persisting view of the mind as a highly plastic blank slate ready for the world to make its imprint, we hypothesize that neuronal networks are endowed with a reservoir of neural trajectories, and the challenge faced by the brain is how to select and match preexisting neuronal trajectories with events in the world.
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Affiliation(s)
- György Buzsáki
- Neuroscience Institute and Department of Neurology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York University, New York, NY 10016, USA;
- Center for Neural Science, New York University, New York, NY 10003, USA
| | - Sam McKenzie
- Department of Neurosciences, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, USA
| | - Lila Davachi
- Department of Psychology, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
- Center for Biomedical Imaging and Neuromodulation, Nathan S. Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, New York 10962, USA
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35
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Wong EC. Distributed Phase Oscillatory Excitation Efficiently Produces Attractors Using Spike-Timing-Dependent Plasticity. Neural Comput 2021; 34:415-436. [PMID: 34915556 DOI: 10.1162/neco_a_01466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
The brain is thought to represent information in the form of activity in distributed groups of neurons known as attractors. We show here that in a randomly connected network of simulated spiking neurons, periodic stimulation of neurons with distributed phase offsets, along with standard spike-timing-dependent plasticity (STDP), efficiently creates distributed attractors. These attractors may have a consistent ordered firing pattern or become irregular, depending on the conditions. We also show that when two such attractors are stimulated in sequence, the same STDP mechanism can create a directed association between them, forming the basis of an associative network. We find that for an STDP time constant of 20 ms, the dependence of the efficiency of attractor creation on the driving frequency has a broad peak centered around 8 Hz. Upon restimulation, the attractors self-oscillate, but with an oscillation frequency that is higher than the driving frequency, ranging from 10 to 100 Hz.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric C Wong
- Departments of Radiology and Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, U.S.A.
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36
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Petersen PC, Siegle JH, Steinmetz NA, Mahallati S, Buzsáki G. CellExplorer: A framework for visualizing and characterizing single neurons. Neuron 2021; 109:3594-3608.e2. [PMID: 34592168 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2021.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2021] [Revised: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The large diversity of neuron types provides the means by which cortical circuits perform complex operations. Neuron can be described by biophysical and molecular characteristics, afferent inputs, and neuron targets. To quantify, visualize, and standardize those features, we developed the open-source, MATLAB-based framework CellExplorer. It consists of three components: a processing module, a flexible data structure, and a powerful graphical interface. The processing module calculates standardized physiological metrics, performs neuron-type classification, finds putative monosynaptic connections, and saves them to a standardized, yet flexible, machine-readable format. The graphical interface makes it possible to explore the computed features at the speed of a mouse click. The framework allows users to process, curate, and relate their data to a growing public collection of neurons. CellExplorer can link genetically identified cell types to physiological properties of neurons collected across laboratories and potentially lead to interlaboratory standards of single-cell metrics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter C Petersen
- Neuroscience Institute, Langone Medical Center, New York University, New York, NY 10016, USA.
| | - Joshua H Siegle
- MindScope Program, Allen Institute, 615 Westlake Avenue North, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Nicholas A Steinmetz
- Department of Biological Structure, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Sara Mahallati
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Krembil Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5T 1M8, Canada
| | - György Buzsáki
- Neuroscience Institute, Langone Medical Center, New York University, New York, NY 10016, USA; Department of Neurology, Langone Medical Center, New York University, New York, NY 10016, USA; Center for Neural Science, New York University, New York, NY 10003, USA.
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37
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Robinson JC, Brandon MP. Skipping ahead: A circuit for representing the past, present, and future. eLife 2021; 10:e68795. [PMID: 34647521 PMCID: PMC8516414 DOI: 10.7554/elife.68795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Envisioning the future is intuitively linked to our ability to remember the past. Within the memory system, substantial work has demonstrated the involvement of the prefrontal cortex and the hippocampus in representing the past and present. Recent data shows that both the prefrontal cortex and the hippocampus encode future trajectories, which are segregated in time by alternating cycles of the theta rhythm. Here, we discuss how information is temporally organized by these brain regions supported by the medial septum, nucleus reuniens, and parahippocampal regions. Finally, we highlight a brain circuit that we predict is essential for the temporal segregation of future scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer C Robinson
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Rajen Kilachand Center for Integrated Life Sciences and Engineering, Boston UniversityBostonUnited States
| | - Mark P Brandon
- Department of Psychiatry, Douglas Hospital Research Centre, McGill UniversityMontrealCanada
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38
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Gemzik ZM, Donahue MM, Griffin AL. Optogenetic suppression of the medial septum impairs working memory maintenance. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 28:361-370. [PMID: 34526381 PMCID: PMC8456985 DOI: 10.1101/lm.053348.120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Spatial working memory (SWM) is the ability to encode, maintain, and retrieve spatial information over a temporal gap, and relies on a network of structures including the medial septum (MS), which provides critical input to the hippocampus. Although the role of the MS in SWM is well-established, up until recently, we have been unable to use temporally precise circuit manipulation techniques to examine the specific role of the MS in SWM, particularly to distinguish between encoding, maintenance, and retrieval. Here, we test the hypothesis that the MS supports the maintenance of spatial information over a temporal gap using precisely timed optogenetic suppression delivered during specific portions of three different tasks, two of which rely on SWM and one that does not. In experiment 1, we found that MS optogenetic suppression impaired choice accuracy of a SWM dependent conditional discrimination task. Moreover, this deficit was only observed when MS suppression was delivered during the cue-sampling, but not the cue-retrieval, portion of the trial. There was also no deficit when MS neurons were optogenetically suppressed as rats performed a SWM-independent variant of the task. In experiment 2, we tested whether MS suppression affected choice accuracy on a delayed nonmatch to position (DNMP) task when suppression was limited to the sample, delay, and choice phases of the task. We found that MS suppression delivery during the delay phase of the DNMP task, but not during the sample or choice phases, impaired choice accuracy. Our results collectively suggest that the MS plays an important role in SWM by maintaining task-relevant information over a temporal delay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary M Gemzik
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19711, USA
| | - Margaret M Donahue
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19711, USA
| | - Amy L Griffin
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19711, USA
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39
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Vöröslakos M, Miyawaki H, Royer S, Diba K, Yoon E, Petersen PC, Buzsáki G. 3D-printed Recoverable Microdrive and Base Plate System for Rodent Electrophysiology. Bio Protoc 2021; 11:e4137. [PMID: 34541053 DOI: 10.21769/bioprotoc.4137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Revised: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular recordings in freely moving animals allow the monitoring of brain activity from populations of neurons at single-spike temporal resolution. While state-of-the-art electrophysiological recording devices have been developed in recent years (e.g., µLED and Neuropixels silicon probes), implantation methods for silicon probes in rats and mice have not advanced substantially for a decade. The surgery is complex, takes time to master, and involves handling expensive devices and valuable animal subjects. In addition, chronic silicon neural probes are practically single implant devices due to the current low success rate of probe recovery. To successfully recover silicon probes, improve upon the quality of electrophysiological recording, and make silicon probe recordings more accessible, we have designed a miniature, low cost, and recoverable microdrive system. The addition of a novel 3D-printed skull baseplate makes the surgery less invasive, faster, and simpler for both rats and mice. We provide detailed procedural instructions and print designs, allowing researchers to adapt and flexibly customize our designs to their experimental usage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mihály Vöröslakos
- Neuroscience Institute, Langone Medical Center, New York University, New York, NY 10016, USA.,Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Hiroyuki Miyawaki
- Department of Physiology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Asahimachi 1-4-3, Abeno-ku, Osaka, 545-8585, Japan
| | - Sebastien Royer
- Center for Functional Connectomics, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Kamran Diba
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Euisik Yoon
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.,Center for Nanomedicine, Institute for Basic Science (IBS) and Graduate Program of Nano Biomedical Engineering (Nano BME), Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Peter C Petersen
- Neuroscience Institute, Langone Medical Center, New York University, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - György Buzsáki
- Neuroscience Institute, Langone Medical Center, New York University, New York, NY 10016, USA.,Department of Neurology, Langone Medical Center, New York University, New York, NY 10016, USA
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40
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Banerjee A, Egger R, Long MA. Using focal cooling to link neural dynamics and behavior. Neuron 2021; 109:2508-2518. [PMID: 34171292 PMCID: PMC8376768 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2021.05.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Revised: 05/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Establishing a causal link between neural function and behavioral output has remained a challenging problem. Commonly used perturbation techniques enable unprecedented control over intrinsic activity patterns and can effectively identify crucial circuit elements important for specific behaviors. However, these approaches may severely disrupt activity, precluding an investigation into the behavioral relevance of moment-to-moment neural dynamics within a specified brain region. Here we discuss the application of mild focal cooling to slow down intrinsic neural circuit activity while preserving its overall structure. Using network modeling and examples from multiple species, we highlight the power and versatility of focal cooling for understanding how neural dynamics control behavior and argue for its wider adoption within the systems neuroscience community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arkarup Banerjee
- NYU Neuroscience Institute and Department of Otolaryngology, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY 10016, USA; Center for Neural Science, New York University, New York, NY 10003, USA
| | - Robert Egger
- NYU Neuroscience Institute and Department of Otolaryngology, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY 10016, USA; Center for Neural Science, New York University, New York, NY 10003, USA
| | - Michael A Long
- NYU Neuroscience Institute and Department of Otolaryngology, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY 10016, USA; Center for Neural Science, New York University, New York, NY 10003, USA.
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41
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Abstract
An organism's survival can depend on its ability to recall and navigate to spatial locations associated with rewards, such as food or a home. Accumulating research has revealed that computations of reward and its prediction occur on multiple levels across a complex set of interacting brain regions, including those that support memory and navigation. However, how the brain coordinates the encoding, recall and use of reward information to guide navigation remains incompletely understood. In this Review, we propose that the brain's classical navigation centres - the hippocampus and the entorhinal cortex - are ideally suited to coordinate this larger network by representing both physical and mental space as a series of states. These states may be linked to reward via neuromodulatory inputs to the hippocampus-entorhinal cortex system. Hippocampal outputs can then broadcast sequences of states to the rest of the brain to store reward associations or to facilitate decision-making, potentially engaging additional value signals downstream. This proposal is supported by recent advances in both experimental and theoretical neuroscience. By discussing the neural systems traditionally tied to navigation and reward at their intersection, we aim to offer an integrated framework for understanding navigation to reward as a fundamental feature of many cognitive processes.
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42
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Mocellin P, Mikulovic S. The Role of the Medial Septum-Associated Networks in Controlling Locomotion and Motivation to Move. Front Neural Circuits 2021; 15:699798. [PMID: 34366795 PMCID: PMC8340000 DOI: 10.3389/fncir.2021.699798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The Medial Septum and diagonal Band of Broca (MSDB) was initially studied for its role in locomotion. However, the last several decades were focussed on its intriguing function in theta rhythm generation. Early studies relied on electrical stimulation, lesions and pharmacological manipulation, and reported an inconclusive picture regarding the role of the MSDB circuits. Recent studies using more specific methodologies have started to elucidate the differential role of the MSDB's specific cell populations in controlling both theta rhythm and behaviour. In particular, a novel theory is emerging showing that different MSDB's cell populations project to different brain regions and control distinct aspects of behaviour. While the majority of these behaviours involve movement, increasing evidence suggests that MSDB-related networks govern the motivational aspect of actions, rather than locomotion per se. Here, we review the literature that links MSDB, theta activity, and locomotion and propose open questions, future directions, and methods that could be employed to elucidate the diverse roles of the MSDB-associated networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petra Mocellin
- Department of Cellular Neuroscience, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany
- International Max Planck Research School for Brain and Behavior, Bonn, Germany
| | - Sanja Mikulovic
- Research Group Cognition and Emotion, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany
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43
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Takeuchi Y, Nagy AJ, Barcsai L, Li Q, Ohsawa M, Mizuseki K, Berényi A. The Medial Septum as a Potential Target for Treating Brain Disorders Associated With Oscillopathies. Front Neural Circuits 2021; 15:701080. [PMID: 34305537 PMCID: PMC8297467 DOI: 10.3389/fncir.2021.701080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The medial septum (MS), as part of the basal forebrain, supports many physiological functions, from sensorimotor integration to cognition. With often reciprocal connections with a broad set of peers at all major divisions of the brain, the MS orchestrates oscillatory neuronal activities throughout the brain. These oscillations are critical in generating sensory and emotional salience, locomotion, maintaining mood, supporting innate anxiety, and governing learning and memory. Accumulating evidence points out that the physiological oscillations under septal influence are frequently disrupted or altered in pathological conditions. Therefore, the MS may be a potential target for treating neurological and psychiatric disorders with abnormal oscillations (oscillopathies) to restore healthy patterns or erase undesired ones. Recent studies have revealed that the patterned stimulation of the MS alleviates symptoms of epilepsy. We discuss here that stimulus timing is a critical determinant of treatment efficacy on multiple time scales. On-demand stimulation may dramatically reduce side effects by not interfering with normal physiological functions. A precise pattern-matched stimulation through adaptive timing governed by the ongoing oscillations is essential to effectively terminate pathological oscillations. The time-targeted strategy for the MS stimulation may provide an effective way of treating multiple disorders including Alzheimer's disease, anxiety/fear, schizophrenia, and depression, as well as pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuichi Takeuchi
- Department of Physiology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Anett J. Nagy
- MTA-SZTE ‘Momentum’ Oscillatory Neuronal Networks Research Group, Department of Physiology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Lívia Barcsai
- MTA-SZTE ‘Momentum’ Oscillatory Neuronal Networks Research Group, Department of Physiology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Qun Li
- MTA-SZTE ‘Momentum’ Oscillatory Neuronal Networks Research Group, Department of Physiology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Masahiro Ohsawa
- Department of Neuropharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kenji Mizuseki
- Department of Physiology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Antal Berényi
- MTA-SZTE ‘Momentum’ Oscillatory Neuronal Networks Research Group, Department of Physiology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
- Neurocybernetics Excellence Center, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
- HCEMM-USZ Magnetotherapeutics Research Group, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
- Neuroscience Institute, New York University, New York, NY, United States
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44
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Qasim SE, Fried I, Jacobs J. Phase precession in the human hippocampus and entorhinal cortex. Cell 2021; 184:3242-3255.e10. [PMID: 33979655 PMCID: PMC8195854 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2021.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Revised: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Knowing where we are, where we have been, and where we are going is critical to many behaviors, including navigation and memory. One potential neuronal mechanism underlying this ability is phase precession, in which spatially tuned neurons represent sequences of positions by activating at progressively earlier phases of local network theta oscillations. Based on studies in rodents, researchers have hypothesized that phase precession may be a general neural pattern for representing sequential events for learning and memory. By recording human single-neuron activity during spatial navigation, we show that spatially tuned neurons in the human hippocampus and entorhinal cortex exhibit phase precession. Furthermore, beyond the neural representation of locations, we show evidence for phase precession related to specific goal states. Our findings thus extend theta phase precession to humans and suggest that this phenomenon has a broad functional role for the neural representation of both spatial and non-spatial information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salman E Qasim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Itzhak Fried
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Joshua Jacobs
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA.
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45
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Zhou Y, Sheremet A, Kennedy JP, DiCola NM, Maciel CB, Burke SN, Maurer AP. Spectrum Degradation of Hippocampal LFP During Euthanasia. Front Syst Neurosci 2021; 15:647011. [PMID: 33967707 PMCID: PMC8102791 DOI: 10.3389/fnsys.2021.647011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The hippocampal local field potential (LFP) exhibits a strong correlation with behavior. During rest, the theta rhythm is not prominent, but during active behavior, there are strong rhythms in the theta, theta harmonics, and gamma ranges. With increasing running velocity, theta, theta harmonics and gamma increase in power and in cross-frequency coupling, suggesting that neural entrainment is a direct consequence of the total excitatory input. While it is common to study the parametric range between the LFP and its complementing power spectra between deep rest and epochs of high running velocity, it is also possible to explore how the spectra degrades as the energy is completely quenched from the system. Specifically, it is unknown whether the 1/f slope is preserved as synaptic activity becomes diminished, as low frequencies are generated by large pools of neurons while higher frequencies comprise the activity of more local neuronal populations. To test this hypothesis, we examined rat LFPs recorded from the hippocampus and entorhinal cortex during barbiturate overdose euthanasia. Within the hippocampus, the initial stage entailed a quasi-stationary LFP state with a power-law feature in the power spectral density. In the second stage, there was a successive erosion of power from high- to low-frequencies in the second stage that continued until the only dominant remaining power was <20 Hz. This stage was followed by a rapid collapse of power spectrum toward the absolute electrothermal noise background. As the collapse of activity occurred later in hippocampus compared with medial entorhinal cortex, it suggests that the ability of a neural network to maintain the 1/f slope with decreasing energy is a function of general connectivity. Broadly, these data support the energy cascade theory where there is a cascade of energy from large cortical populations into smaller loops, such as those that supports the higher frequency gamma rhythm. As energy is pulled from the system, neural entrainment at gamma frequency (and higher) decline first. The larger loops, comprising a larger population, are fault-tolerant to a point capable of maintaining their activity before a final collapse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuchen Zhou
- Engineering School of Sustainable Infrastructure and Environment, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Alex Sheremet
- Engineering School of Sustainable Infrastructure and Environment, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States.,Department of Neuroscience, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Jack P Kennedy
- Department of Neuroscience, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Nicholas M DiCola
- Department of Neuroscience, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Carolina B Maciel
- Division of Neurocritical Care, Department of Neurology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Sara N Burke
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Andrew P Maurer
- Engineering School of Sustainable Infrastructure and Environment, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States.,Department of Neuroscience, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
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46
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Cholinergic suppression of hippocampal sharp-wave ripples impairs working memory. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:2016432118. [PMID: 33833054 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2016432118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Learning and memory are assumed to be supported by mechanisms that involve cholinergic transmission and hippocampal theta. Using G protein-coupled receptor-activation-based acetylcholine sensor (GRABACh3.0) with a fiber-photometric fluorescence readout in mice, we found that cholinergic signaling in the hippocampus increased in parallel with theta/gamma power during walking and REM sleep, while ACh3.0 signal reached a minimum during hippocampal sharp-wave ripples (SPW-R). Unexpectedly, memory performance was impaired in a hippocampus-dependent spontaneous alternation task by selective optogenetic stimulation of medial septal cholinergic neurons when the stimulation was applied in the delay area but not in the central (choice) arm of the maze. Parallel with the decreased performance, optogenetic stimulation decreased the incidence of SPW-Rs. These findings suggest that septo-hippocampal interactions play a task-phase-dependent dual role in the maintenance of memory performance, including not only theta mechanisms but also SPW-Rs.
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47
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An S, Sun H, Wu M, Xie D, Hu SW, Ding HL, Cao JL. Medial septum glutamatergic neurons control wakefulness through a septo-hypothalamic circuit. Curr Biol 2021; 31:1379-1392.e4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2021.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Revised: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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48
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Tang W, Shin JD, Jadhav SP. Multiple time-scales of decision-making in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex. eLife 2021; 10:e66227. [PMID: 33683201 PMCID: PMC7993991 DOI: 10.7554/elife.66227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The prefrontal cortex and hippocampus are crucial for memory-guided decision-making. Neural activity in the hippocampus exhibits place-cell sequences at multiple timescales, including slow behavioral sequences (~seconds) and fast theta sequences (~100-200 ms) within theta oscillation cycles. How prefrontal ensembles interact with hippocampal sequences to support decision-making is unclear. Here, we examined simultaneous hippocampal and prefrontal ensemble activity in rats during learning of a spatial working-memory decision task. We found clear theta sequences in prefrontal cortex, nested within its behavioral sequences. In both regions, behavioral sequences maintained representations of current choices during navigation. In contrast, hippocampal theta sequences encoded alternatives for deliberation and were coordinated with prefrontal theta sequences that predicted upcoming choices. During error trials, these representations were preserved to guide ongoing behavior, whereas replay sequences during inter-trial periods were impaired prior to navigation. These results establish cooperative interaction between hippocampal and prefrontal sequences at multiple timescales for memory-guided decision-making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenbo Tang
- Graduate Program in Neuroscience, Brandeis UniversityWalthamUnited States
| | - Justin D Shin
- Graduate Program in Neuroscience, Brandeis UniversityWalthamUnited States
| | - Shantanu P Jadhav
- Graduate Program in Neuroscience, Brandeis UniversityWalthamUnited States
- Neuroscience Program, Department of Psychology, and Volen National Center for Complex Systems, Brandeis UniversityWalthamUnited States
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49
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Triaca V, Ruberti F, Canu N. NGF and the Amyloid Precursor Protein in Alzheimer's Disease: From Molecular Players to Neuronal Circuits. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2021; 1331:145-165. [PMID: 34453297 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-74046-7_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD), one of the most common causes of dementia in elderly people, is characterized by progressive impairment in cognitive function, early degeneration of basal forebrain cholinergic neurons (BFCNs), abnormal metabolism of the amyloid precursor protein (APP), amyloid beta-peptide (Aβ) depositions, and neurofibrillary tangles. According to the cholinergic hypothesis, dysfunction of acetylcholine-containing neurons in the basal forebrain contributes markedly to the cognitive decline observed in AD. In addition, the neurotrophic factor hypothesis posits that the loss nerve growth factor (NGF) signalling in AD may account for the vulnerability to atrophy of BFCNs and consequent impairment of cholinergic functions. Though acetylcholinesterase inhibitors provide only partial and symptomatic relief to AD patients, emerging data from in vivo magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and positron emission tomography (PET) studies in mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and AD patients highlight the early involvement of BFCNs in MCI and the early phase of AD. These data support the cholinergic and neurotrophic hypotheses of AD and suggest new targets for AD therapy.Different mechanisms account for selective vulnerability of BFCNs to AD pathology, with regard to altered metabolism of APP and tau. In this review, we provide a general overview of the current knowledge of NGF and APP interplay, focusing on the role of APP in regulating NGF receptors trafficking/signalling and on the involvement of NGF in modulating phosphorylation of APP, which in turn controls APP intracellular trafficking and processing. Moreover, we highlight the consequences of APP interaction with p75NTR and TrkA receptor, which share the same binding site within the APP juxta-membrane domain. We underline the importance of insulin dysmetabolism in AD pathology, in the light of our recent data showing that overlapping intracellular signalling pathways stimulated by NGF or insulin can be compensatory. In particular, NGF-based signalling is able to ameliorates deficiencies in insulin signalling in the medial septum of 3×Tg-AD mice. Finally, we present an overview of NGF-regulated microRNAs (miRNAs). These small non-coding RNAs are involved in post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression , and we focus on a subset that are specifically deregulated in AD and thus potentially contribute to its pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viviana Triaca
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology (IBBC), National Research Council (CNR), Campus A. Buzzati-Traverso, Monterotondo, RM, Italy
| | - Francesca Ruberti
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology (IBBC), National Research Council (CNR), Campus A. Buzzati-Traverso, Monterotondo, RM, Italy
| | - Nadia Canu
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology (IBBC), National Research Council (CNR), Campus A. Buzzati-Traverso, Monterotondo, RM, Italy. .,Department of System Medicine, Section of Physiology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy.
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Medeiros DDC, Cota VR, Oliveira ACP, Moreira FA, Moraes MFD. The Endocannabinoid System Activation as a Neural Network Desynchronizing Mediator for Seizure Suppression. Front Behav Neurosci 2020; 14:603245. [PMID: 33281577 PMCID: PMC7691588 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2020.603245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The understanding that hyper-excitability and hyper-synchronism in epilepsy are indissociably bound by a cause-consequence relation has only recently been challenged. Thus, therapeutic strategies for seizure suppression have often aimed at inhibiting excitatory circuits and/or activating inhibitory ones. However, new approaches that aim to desynchronize networks or compromise abnormal coupling between adjacent neural circuitry have been proven effective, even at the cost of enhancing local neuronal activation. Although most of these novel perspectives targeting circuitry desynchronization and network coupling have been implemented by non-pharmacological devices, we argue that there may be endogenous neurochemical systems that act primarily in the desynchronization component of network behavior rather than dampening excitability of individual neurons. This review explores the endocannabinoid system as one such possible pharmacological landmark for mimicking a form of "on-demand" desynchronization analogous to those proposed by deep brain stimulation in the treatment of epilepsy. This essay discusses the evidence supporting the role of the endocannabinoid system in modulating the synchronization and/or coupling of distinct local neural circuitry; which presents obvious implications on the physiological setting of proper sensory-motor integration. Accordingly, the process of ictogenesis involves pathological circuit coupling that could be avoided, or at least have its spread throughout the containment of other areas, if such endogenous mechanisms of control could be activated or potentiated by pharmacological intervention. In addition, we will discuss evidence that supports not only a weaker role played on neuronal excitability but the potential of the endocannabinoid system strengthening its modulatory effect, only when circuitry coupling surpasses a level of activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel de Castro Medeiros
- Núcleo de Neurociências, Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofísica, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Vinícius Rosa Cota
- Laboratório Interdisciplinar de Neuroengenharia e Neurociências, Departamento de Engenharia Elétrica, Universidade Federal de São João Del-Rei, São João Del-Rei, Brazil
| | - Antonio Carlos P Oliveira
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Fabricio A Moreira
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Márcio Flávio Dutra Moraes
- Núcleo de Neurociências, Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofísica, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.,Centro de Tecnologia e Pesquisa em Magneto Ressonância, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Elétrica, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
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