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Bay Y, Egeberg Jeppesen M, Frydenvang K, Francotte P, Pirotte B, Pickering DS, Kristensen AS, Kastrup JS. The positive allosteric modulator BPAM344 and L-glutamate introduce an active-like structure of the ligand-binding domain of GluK2. FEBS Lett 2024; 598:743-757. [PMID: 38369668 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.14824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
Kainate receptors belong to the family of ionotropic glutamate receptors and contribute to the majority of fast excitatory neurotransmission. Consequently, they also play a role in brain diseases. Therefore, understanding how these receptors can be modulated is of importance. Our study provides a crystal structure of the dimeric ligand-binding domain of the kainate receptor GluK2 in complex with L-glutamate and the small-molecule positive allosteric modulator, BPAM344, in an active-like conformation. The role of Thr535 and Gln786 in modulating GluK2 by BPAM344 was investigated using a calcium-sensitive fluorescence-based assay on transiently transfected cells expressing GluK2 and mutants hereof. This study may aid in the design of compounds targeting kainate receptors, expanding their potential as targets for the treatment of brain diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasmin Bay
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mie Egeberg Jeppesen
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Karla Frydenvang
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Pierre Francotte
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Medicines (CIRM), University of Liège, Belgium
| | - Bernard Pirotte
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Medicines (CIRM), University of Liège, Belgium
| | - Darryl S Pickering
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anders Skov Kristensen
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jette Sandholm Kastrup
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
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2
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Bay Y, Venskutonytė R, Frantsen SM, Thorsen TS, Musgaard M, Frydenvang K, Francotte P, Pirotte B, Biggin PC, Kristensen AS, Boesen T, Pickering DS, Gajhede M, Kastrup JS. Small-molecule positive allosteric modulation of homomeric kainate receptors GluK1-3: development of screening assays and insight into GluK3 structure. FEBS J 2024; 291:1506-1529. [PMID: 38145505 DOI: 10.1111/febs.17046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/27/2023]
Abstract
The kainate receptors GluK1-3 (glutamate receptor ionotropic, kainate receptors 1-3) belong to the family of ionotropic glutamate receptors and are essential for fast excitatory neurotransmission in the brain, and are associated with neurological and psychiatric diseases. How these receptors can be modulated by small-molecule agents is not well understood, especially for GluK3. We show that the positive allosteric modulator BPAM344 can be used to establish robust calcium-sensitive fluorescence-based assays to test agonists, antagonists, and positive allosteric modulators of GluK1-3. The half-maximal effective concentration (EC50) of BPAM344 for potentiating the response of 100 μm kainate was determined to be 26.3 μm for GluK1, 75.4 μm for GluK2, and 639 μm for GluK3. Domoate was found to be a potent agonist for GluK1 and GluK2, with an EC50 of 0.77 and 1.33 μm, respectively, upon co-application of 150 μm BPAM344. At GluK3, domoate acts as a very weak agonist or antagonist with a half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 14.5 μm, in presence of 500 μm BPAM344 and 100 μm kainate for competition binding. Using H523A-mutated GluK3, we determined the first dimeric structure of the ligand-binding domain by X-ray crystallography, allowing location of BPAM344, as well as zinc-, sodium-, and chloride-ion binding sites at the dimer interface. Molecular dynamics simulations support the stability of the ion sites as well as the involvement of Asp761, Asp790, and Glu797 in the binding of zinc ions. Using electron microscopy, we show that, in presence of glutamate and BPAM344, full-length GluK3 adopts a dimer-of-dimers arrangement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasmin Bay
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Raminta Venskutonytė
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Stine M Frantsen
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Thor S Thorsen
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Karla Frydenvang
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Pierre Francotte
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Medicines (CIRM), University of Liège, Belgium
| | - Bernard Pirotte
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Medicines (CIRM), University of Liège, Belgium
| | | | - Anders S Kristensen
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Thomas Boesen
- Danish Research Institute of Translational Neuroscience-DANDRITE, Nordic-EMBL Partnership for Molecular Medicine, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Denmark
| | - Darryl S Pickering
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Michael Gajhede
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jette S Kastrup
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
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3
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Francotte P, Bay Y, Goffin E, Colson T, Lesenfants C, Dorosz J, Laulumaa S, Fraikin P, de Tullio P, Beaufour C, Botez I, Pickering DS, Frydenvang K, Danober L, Kristensen AS, Kastrup JS, Pirotte B. Exploring thienothiadiazine dioxides as isosteric analogues of benzo- and pyridothiadiazine dioxides in the search of new AMPA and kainate receptor positive allosteric modulators. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 264:116036. [PMID: 38101041 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.116036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis and biological evaluation on AMPA and kainate receptors of new examples of 3,4-dihydro-2H-1,2,4-thieno[3,2-e]-1,2,4-thiadiazine 1,1-dioxides is described. The introduction of a cyclopropyl chain instead of an ethyl chain at the 4-position of the thiadiazine ring was found to dramatically improve the potentiator activity on AMPA receptors, with compound 32 (BPAM395) expressing in vitro activity on AMPARs (EC2x = 0.24 μM) close to that of the reference 4-cyclopropyl-substituted benzothiadiazine dioxide 10 (BPAM344). Interestingly, the 4-allyl-substituted thienothiadiazine dioxide 27 (BPAM307) emerged as the most promising compound on kainate receptors being a more effective potentiator than the 4-cyclopropyl-substituted thienothiadiazine dioxide 32 and supporting the view that the 4-allyl substitution of the thiadiazine ring could be more favorable than the 4-cyclopropyl substitution to induce marked activity on kainate receptors versus AMPA receptors. The thieno-analogue 36 (BPAM279) of the clinically tested S18986 (11) was selected for in vivo evaluation in mice as a cognitive enhancer due to a safer profile than 32 after massive per os drug administration. Compound 36 was found to increase the cognition performance in mice at low doses (1 mg/kg) per os suggesting that the compound was well absorbed after oral administration and able to reach the central nervous system. Finally, compound 32 was selected for co-crystallization with the GluA2-LBD (L504Y,N775S) and glutamate to examine the binding mode of thienothiadiazine dioxides within the allosteric binding site of the AMPA receptor. At the allosteric site, this compound established similar interactions as the previously reported BTD-type AMPA receptor modulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Francotte
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Medicines (CIRM) - Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Liège, Avenue Hippocrate 15 (B36), B-4000, Liège, Belgium
| | - Yasmin Bay
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Jagtvej 162, DK-2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Eric Goffin
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Medicines (CIRM) - Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Liège, Avenue Hippocrate 15 (B36), B-4000, Liège, Belgium
| | - Thomas Colson
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Medicines (CIRM) - Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Liège, Avenue Hippocrate 15 (B36), B-4000, Liège, Belgium
| | - Cindy Lesenfants
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Medicines (CIRM) - Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Liège, Avenue Hippocrate 15 (B36), B-4000, Liège, Belgium
| | - Jerzy Dorosz
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Jagtvej 162, DK-2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Saara Laulumaa
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Jagtvej 162, DK-2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Pierre Fraikin
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Medicines (CIRM) - Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Liège, Avenue Hippocrate 15 (B36), B-4000, Liège, Belgium
| | - Pascal de Tullio
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Medicines (CIRM) - Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Liège, Avenue Hippocrate 15 (B36), B-4000, Liège, Belgium
| | - Caroline Beaufour
- Institut de Recherches et Développement Servier Paris-Saclay, 22 route 128, 91190, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Iuliana Botez
- Institut de Recherches et Développement Servier Paris-Saclay, 22 route 128, 91190, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Darryl S Pickering
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Jagtvej 162, DK-2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Karla Frydenvang
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Jagtvej 162, DK-2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Laurence Danober
- Institut de Recherches et Développement Servier Paris-Saclay, 22 route 128, 91190, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Anders Skov Kristensen
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Jagtvej 162, DK-2100, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Jette Sandholm Kastrup
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Jagtvej 162, DK-2100, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Bernard Pirotte
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Medicines (CIRM) - Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Liège, Avenue Hippocrate 15 (B36), B-4000, Liège, Belgium.
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Piot L, Heroven C, Bossi S, Zamith J, Malinauskas T, Johnson C, Wennagel D, Stroebel D, Charrier C, Aricescu AR, Mony L, Paoletti P. GluD1 binds GABA and controls inhibitory plasticity. Science 2023; 382:1389-1394. [PMID: 38060673 DOI: 10.1126/science.adf3406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Fast synaptic neurotransmission in the vertebrate central nervous system relies primarily on ionotropic glutamate receptors (iGluRs), which drive neuronal excitation, and type A γ-aminobutyric acid receptors (GABAARs), which are responsible for neuronal inhibition. However, the GluD1 receptor, an iGluR family member, is present at both excitatory and inhibitory synapses. Whether and how GluD1 activation may affect inhibitory neurotransmission is unknown. In this work, by using a combination of biochemical, structural, and functional analyses, we demonstrate that GluD1 binds GABA, a previously unknown feature of iGluRs. GluD1 activation produces long-lasting enhancement of GABAergic synaptic currents in the adult mouse hippocampus through a non-ionotropic mechanism that is dependent on trans-synaptic anchoring. The identification of GluD1 as a GABA receptor that controls inhibitory synaptic plasticity challenges the classical dichotomy between glutamatergic and GABAergic receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Piot
- Institut de Biologie de l'ENS (IBENS), Ecole Normale Supérieure, Université PSL, CNRS, INSERM, F-75005 Paris, France
| | | | - Simon Bossi
- Institut de Biologie de l'ENS (IBENS), Ecole Normale Supérieure, Université PSL, CNRS, INSERM, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Joseph Zamith
- Institut de Biologie de l'ENS (IBENS), Ecole Normale Supérieure, Université PSL, CNRS, INSERM, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Tomas Malinauskas
- Division of Structural Biology, Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Chris Johnson
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge CB2 0QH, UK
| | - Doris Wennagel
- Institut de Biologie de l'ENS (IBENS), Ecole Normale Supérieure, Université PSL, CNRS, INSERM, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - David Stroebel
- Institut de Biologie de l'ENS (IBENS), Ecole Normale Supérieure, Université PSL, CNRS, INSERM, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Cécile Charrier
- Institut de Biologie de l'ENS (IBENS), Ecole Normale Supérieure, Université PSL, CNRS, INSERM, F-75005 Paris, France
| | | | - Laetitia Mony
- Institut de Biologie de l'ENS (IBENS), Ecole Normale Supérieure, Université PSL, CNRS, INSERM, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Pierre Paoletti
- Institut de Biologie de l'ENS (IBENS), Ecole Normale Supérieure, Université PSL, CNRS, INSERM, F-75005 Paris, France
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5
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Chałupnik P, Szymańska E. Kainate Receptor Antagonists: Recent Advances and Therapeutic Perspective. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:1908. [PMID: 36768227 PMCID: PMC9916396 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24031908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Since the 1990s, ionotropic glutamate receptors have served as an outstanding target for drug discovery research aimed at the discovery of new neurotherapeutic agents. With the recent approval of perampanel, the first marketed non-competitive antagonist of AMPA receptors, particular interest has been directed toward 'non-NMDA' (AMPA and kainate) receptor inhibitors. Although the role of AMPA receptors in the development of neurological or psychiatric disorders has been well recognized and characterized, progress in understanding the function of kainate receptors (KARs) has been hampered, mainly due to the lack of specific and selective pharmacological tools. The latest findings in the biology of KA receptors indicate that they are involved in neurophysiological activity and play an important role in both health and disease, including conditions such as anxiety, schizophrenia, epilepsy, neuropathic pain, and migraine. Therefore, we reviewed recent advances in the field of competitive and non-competitive kainate receptor antagonists and their potential therapeutic applications. Due to the high level of structural divergence among the compounds described here, we decided to divide them into seven groups according to their overall structure, presenting a total of 72 active compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ewa Szymańska
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Jagiellonian University Medical College in Kraków, PL 30-688 Kraków, Poland
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6
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Naz R, Khan A, Alghamdi BS, Ashraf GM, Alghanmi M, Ahmad A, Bashir SS, Haq QMR. An Insight into Animal Glutamate Receptors Homolog of Arabidopsis thaliana and Their Potential Applications-A Review. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:plants11192580. [PMID: 36235446 PMCID: PMC9572488 DOI: 10.3390/plants11192580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Most excitatory impulses received by neurons are mediated by ionotropic glutamate receptors (iGluRs). These receptors are located at the apex and play an important role in memory, neuronal development, and synaptic plasticity. These receptors are ligand-dependent ion channels that allow a wide range of cations to pass through. Glutamate, a neurotransmitter, activates three central ionotropic receptors: N-methyl-D-aspartic acid (NMDA), -amino-3-hydroxy-5-methylisoxazole-4-propionate (AMPA), and kainic acid (KA). According to the available research, excessive glutamate release causes neuronal cell death and promotes neurodegenerative disorders. Arabidopsis thaliana contains 20 glutamate receptor genes (AtGluR) comparable to the human ionotropic glutamate (iGluRs) receptor. Many studies have proved that AtGL-rec genes are involved in a number of plant growth and physiological activities, such as in the germination of seeds, roots, abiotic and biotic stress, and cell signaling, which clarify the place of these genes in plant biology. In spite of these, the iGluRs, Arabidopsis glutamate receptors (AtGluR), is associated with the ligand binding activity, which confirms the evolutionary relationship between animal and plant glutamate receptors. Along with the above activities, the impact of mammalian agonists and antagonists on Arabidopsis suggests a correlation between plant and animal glutamate receptors. In addition, these glutamate receptors (plant/animal) are being utilized for the early detection of neurogenerative diseases using the fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) approach. However, a number of scientific laboratories and institutes are consistently working on glutamate receptors with different aspects. Currently, we are also focusing on Arabidopsis glutamate receptors. The current review is focused on updating knowledge on AtGluR genes, their evolution, functions, and expression, and as well as in comparison with iGluRs. Furthermore, a high throughput approach based on FRET nanosensors developed for understanding neurotransmitter signaling in animals and plants via glutamate receptors has been discussed. The updated information will aid in the future comprehension of the complex molecular dynamics of glutamate receptors and the exploration of new facts in plant/animal biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruphi Naz
- Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Andleeb Khan
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Badrah S. Alghamdi
- Department of Physiology, Neuroscience Unit, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Pre-Clinical Research Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ghulam Md Ashraf
- Pre-Clinical Research Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maimonah Alghanmi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Vaccines and Immunotherapy Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Altaf Ahmad
- Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
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Chałupnik P, Vialko A, Pickering DS, Hinkkanen M, Donbosco S, Møller TC, Jensen AA, Nielsen B, Bay Y, Kristensen AS, Johansen TN, Łątka K, Bajda M, Szymańska E. Discovery of the First Highly Selective Antagonist of the GluK3 Kainate Receptor Subtype. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23158797. [PMID: 35955932 PMCID: PMC9369419 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Kainate receptors belong to the family of glutamate receptors ion channels, which are responsible for the majority of rapid excitatory synaptic transmission in the central nervous system. The therapeutic potential of kainate receptors is still poorly understood, which is also due to the lack of potent and subunit-selective pharmacological tools. In search of selective ligands for the GluK3 kainate receptor subtype, a series of quinoxaline-2,3-dione analogues was synthesized and pharmacologically characterized at selected recombinant ionotropic glutamate receptors. Among them, compound 28 was found to be a competitive GluK3 antagonist with submicromolar affinity and unprecedented high binding selectivity, showing a 400-fold preference for GluK3 over other homomeric receptors GluK1, GluK2, GluK5 and GluA2. Furthermore, in functional assays performed for selected metabotropic glutamate receptor subtypes, 28 did not show agonist or antagonist activity. The molecular determinants underlying the observed affinity profile of 28 were analyzed using molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations performed for individual GluK1 and GluK3 ligand-binding domains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Chałupnik
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Jagiellonian University Medical College in Kraków, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Alina Vialko
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Jagiellonian University Medical College in Kraków, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Darryl S. Pickering
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Markus Hinkkanen
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Stephanie Donbosco
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Thor C. Møller
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anders A. Jensen
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Birgitte Nielsen
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Yasmin Bay
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anders S. Kristensen
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Tommy N. Johansen
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kamil Łątka
- Department of Physicochemical Drug Analysis, Jagiellonian University Medical College in Kraków, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Marek Bajda
- Department of Physicochemical Drug Analysis, Jagiellonian University Medical College in Kraków, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Ewa Szymańska
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Jagiellonian University Medical College in Kraków, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
- Correspondence:
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8
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Hansen KB, Wollmuth LP, Bowie D, Furukawa H, Menniti FS, Sobolevsky AI, Swanson GT, Swanger SA, Greger IH, Nakagawa T, McBain CJ, Jayaraman V, Low CM, Dell'Acqua ML, Diamond JS, Camp CR, Perszyk RE, Yuan H, Traynelis SF. Structure, Function, and Pharmacology of Glutamate Receptor Ion Channels. Pharmacol Rev 2021; 73:298-487. [PMID: 34753794 PMCID: PMC8626789 DOI: 10.1124/pharmrev.120.000131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 252] [Impact Index Per Article: 84.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Many physiologic effects of l-glutamate, the major excitatory neurotransmitter in the mammalian central nervous system, are mediated via signaling by ionotropic glutamate receptors (iGluRs). These ligand-gated ion channels are critical to brain function and are centrally implicated in numerous psychiatric and neurologic disorders. There are different classes of iGluRs with a variety of receptor subtypes in each class that play distinct roles in neuronal functions. The diversity in iGluR subtypes, with their unique functional properties and physiologic roles, has motivated a large number of studies. Our understanding of receptor subtypes has advanced considerably since the first iGluR subunit gene was cloned in 1989, and the research focus has expanded to encompass facets of biology that have been recently discovered and to exploit experimental paradigms made possible by technological advances. Here, we review insights from more than 3 decades of iGluR studies with an emphasis on the progress that has occurred in the past decade. We cover structure, function, pharmacology, roles in neurophysiology, and therapeutic implications for all classes of receptors assembled from the subunits encoded by the 18 ionotropic glutamate receptor genes. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Glutamate receptors play important roles in virtually all aspects of brain function and are either involved in mediating some clinical features of neurological disease or represent a therapeutic target for treatment. Therefore, understanding the structure, function, and pharmacology of this class of receptors will advance our understanding of many aspects of brain function at molecular, cellular, and system levels and provide new opportunities to treat patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kasper B Hansen
- Center for Structural and Functional Neuroscience, Center for Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics, Division of Biological Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT (K.B.H.); Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, Center for Nervous System Disorders, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY (L.P.W.); Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada (D.B.); WM Keck Structural Biology Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY (H.F.); MindImmune Therapeutics, Inc., The George & Anne Ryan Institute for Neuroscience, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI (F.S.M.); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Columbia University, New York, NY (A.I.S.); Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (G.T.S.); Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at Virginia Tech Carilion, Virginia Tech, Roanoke, VA and Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA (S.A.S.); Neurobiology Division, MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, United Kingdom (I.H.G.); Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Center for Structural Biology, Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University, School of Medicine, Nashville, TN (T.N.); Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (C.J.M.), and Synaptic Physiology Section, NINDS Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (J.S.D.); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX (V.J.); Department of Pharmacology, Department of Anaesthesia, Healthy Longevity Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore (C.-M.L.); Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO (M.L.D.); and Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (C.R.C., R.E.P., H.Y., S.F.T.)
| | - Lonnie P Wollmuth
- Center for Structural and Functional Neuroscience, Center for Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics, Division of Biological Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT (K.B.H.); Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, Center for Nervous System Disorders, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY (L.P.W.); Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada (D.B.); WM Keck Structural Biology Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY (H.F.); MindImmune Therapeutics, Inc., The George & Anne Ryan Institute for Neuroscience, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI (F.S.M.); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Columbia University, New York, NY (A.I.S.); Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (G.T.S.); Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at Virginia Tech Carilion, Virginia Tech, Roanoke, VA and Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA (S.A.S.); Neurobiology Division, MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, United Kingdom (I.H.G.); Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Center for Structural Biology, Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University, School of Medicine, Nashville, TN (T.N.); Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (C.J.M.), and Synaptic Physiology Section, NINDS Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (J.S.D.); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX (V.J.); Department of Pharmacology, Department of Anaesthesia, Healthy Longevity Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore (C.-M.L.); Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO (M.L.D.); and Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (C.R.C., R.E.P., H.Y., S.F.T.)
| | - Derek Bowie
- Center for Structural and Functional Neuroscience, Center for Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics, Division of Biological Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT (K.B.H.); Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, Center for Nervous System Disorders, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY (L.P.W.); Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada (D.B.); WM Keck Structural Biology Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY (H.F.); MindImmune Therapeutics, Inc., The George & Anne Ryan Institute for Neuroscience, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI (F.S.M.); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Columbia University, New York, NY (A.I.S.); Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (G.T.S.); Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at Virginia Tech Carilion, Virginia Tech, Roanoke, VA and Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA (S.A.S.); Neurobiology Division, MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, United Kingdom (I.H.G.); Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Center for Structural Biology, Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University, School of Medicine, Nashville, TN (T.N.); Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (C.J.M.), and Synaptic Physiology Section, NINDS Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (J.S.D.); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX (V.J.); Department of Pharmacology, Department of Anaesthesia, Healthy Longevity Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore (C.-M.L.); Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO (M.L.D.); and Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (C.R.C., R.E.P., H.Y., S.F.T.)
| | - Hiro Furukawa
- Center for Structural and Functional Neuroscience, Center for Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics, Division of Biological Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT (K.B.H.); Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, Center for Nervous System Disorders, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY (L.P.W.); Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada (D.B.); WM Keck Structural Biology Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY (H.F.); MindImmune Therapeutics, Inc., The George & Anne Ryan Institute for Neuroscience, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI (F.S.M.); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Columbia University, New York, NY (A.I.S.); Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (G.T.S.); Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at Virginia Tech Carilion, Virginia Tech, Roanoke, VA and Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA (S.A.S.); Neurobiology Division, MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, United Kingdom (I.H.G.); Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Center for Structural Biology, Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University, School of Medicine, Nashville, TN (T.N.); Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (C.J.M.), and Synaptic Physiology Section, NINDS Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (J.S.D.); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX (V.J.); Department of Pharmacology, Department of Anaesthesia, Healthy Longevity Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore (C.-M.L.); Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO (M.L.D.); and Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (C.R.C., R.E.P., H.Y., S.F.T.)
| | - Frank S Menniti
- Center for Structural and Functional Neuroscience, Center for Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics, Division of Biological Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT (K.B.H.); Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, Center for Nervous System Disorders, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY (L.P.W.); Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada (D.B.); WM Keck Structural Biology Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY (H.F.); MindImmune Therapeutics, Inc., The George & Anne Ryan Institute for Neuroscience, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI (F.S.M.); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Columbia University, New York, NY (A.I.S.); Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (G.T.S.); Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at Virginia Tech Carilion, Virginia Tech, Roanoke, VA and Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA (S.A.S.); Neurobiology Division, MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, United Kingdom (I.H.G.); Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Center for Structural Biology, Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University, School of Medicine, Nashville, TN (T.N.); Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (C.J.M.), and Synaptic Physiology Section, NINDS Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (J.S.D.); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX (V.J.); Department of Pharmacology, Department of Anaesthesia, Healthy Longevity Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore (C.-M.L.); Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO (M.L.D.); and Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (C.R.C., R.E.P., H.Y., S.F.T.)
| | - Alexander I Sobolevsky
- Center for Structural and Functional Neuroscience, Center for Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics, Division of Biological Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT (K.B.H.); Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, Center for Nervous System Disorders, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY (L.P.W.); Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada (D.B.); WM Keck Structural Biology Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY (H.F.); MindImmune Therapeutics, Inc., The George & Anne Ryan Institute for Neuroscience, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI (F.S.M.); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Columbia University, New York, NY (A.I.S.); Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (G.T.S.); Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at Virginia Tech Carilion, Virginia Tech, Roanoke, VA and Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA (S.A.S.); Neurobiology Division, MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, United Kingdom (I.H.G.); Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Center for Structural Biology, Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University, School of Medicine, Nashville, TN (T.N.); Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (C.J.M.), and Synaptic Physiology Section, NINDS Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (J.S.D.); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX (V.J.); Department of Pharmacology, Department of Anaesthesia, Healthy Longevity Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore (C.-M.L.); Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO (M.L.D.); and Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (C.R.C., R.E.P., H.Y., S.F.T.)
| | - Geoffrey T Swanson
- Center for Structural and Functional Neuroscience, Center for Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics, Division of Biological Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT (K.B.H.); Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, Center for Nervous System Disorders, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY (L.P.W.); Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada (D.B.); WM Keck Structural Biology Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY (H.F.); MindImmune Therapeutics, Inc., The George & Anne Ryan Institute for Neuroscience, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI (F.S.M.); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Columbia University, New York, NY (A.I.S.); Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (G.T.S.); Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at Virginia Tech Carilion, Virginia Tech, Roanoke, VA and Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA (S.A.S.); Neurobiology Division, MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, United Kingdom (I.H.G.); Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Center for Structural Biology, Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University, School of Medicine, Nashville, TN (T.N.); Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (C.J.M.), and Synaptic Physiology Section, NINDS Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (J.S.D.); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX (V.J.); Department of Pharmacology, Department of Anaesthesia, Healthy Longevity Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore (C.-M.L.); Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO (M.L.D.); and Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (C.R.C., R.E.P., H.Y., S.F.T.)
| | - Sharon A Swanger
- Center for Structural and Functional Neuroscience, Center for Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics, Division of Biological Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT (K.B.H.); Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, Center for Nervous System Disorders, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY (L.P.W.); Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada (D.B.); WM Keck Structural Biology Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY (H.F.); MindImmune Therapeutics, Inc., The George & Anne Ryan Institute for Neuroscience, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI (F.S.M.); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Columbia University, New York, NY (A.I.S.); Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (G.T.S.); Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at Virginia Tech Carilion, Virginia Tech, Roanoke, VA and Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA (S.A.S.); Neurobiology Division, MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, United Kingdom (I.H.G.); Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Center for Structural Biology, Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University, School of Medicine, Nashville, TN (T.N.); Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (C.J.M.), and Synaptic Physiology Section, NINDS Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (J.S.D.); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX (V.J.); Department of Pharmacology, Department of Anaesthesia, Healthy Longevity Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore (C.-M.L.); Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO (M.L.D.); and Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (C.R.C., R.E.P., H.Y., S.F.T.)
| | - Ingo H Greger
- Center for Structural and Functional Neuroscience, Center for Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics, Division of Biological Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT (K.B.H.); Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, Center for Nervous System Disorders, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY (L.P.W.); Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada (D.B.); WM Keck Structural Biology Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY (H.F.); MindImmune Therapeutics, Inc., The George & Anne Ryan Institute for Neuroscience, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI (F.S.M.); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Columbia University, New York, NY (A.I.S.); Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (G.T.S.); Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at Virginia Tech Carilion, Virginia Tech, Roanoke, VA and Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA (S.A.S.); Neurobiology Division, MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, United Kingdom (I.H.G.); Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Center for Structural Biology, Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University, School of Medicine, Nashville, TN (T.N.); Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (C.J.M.), and Synaptic Physiology Section, NINDS Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (J.S.D.); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX (V.J.); Department of Pharmacology, Department of Anaesthesia, Healthy Longevity Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore (C.-M.L.); Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO (M.L.D.); and Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (C.R.C., R.E.P., H.Y., S.F.T.)
| | - Terunaga Nakagawa
- Center for Structural and Functional Neuroscience, Center for Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics, Division of Biological Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT (K.B.H.); Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, Center for Nervous System Disorders, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY (L.P.W.); Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada (D.B.); WM Keck Structural Biology Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY (H.F.); MindImmune Therapeutics, Inc., The George & Anne Ryan Institute for Neuroscience, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI (F.S.M.); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Columbia University, New York, NY (A.I.S.); Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (G.T.S.); Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at Virginia Tech Carilion, Virginia Tech, Roanoke, VA and Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA (S.A.S.); Neurobiology Division, MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, United Kingdom (I.H.G.); Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Center for Structural Biology, Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University, School of Medicine, Nashville, TN (T.N.); Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (C.J.M.), and Synaptic Physiology Section, NINDS Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (J.S.D.); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX (V.J.); Department of Pharmacology, Department of Anaesthesia, Healthy Longevity Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore (C.-M.L.); Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO (M.L.D.); and Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (C.R.C., R.E.P., H.Y., S.F.T.)
| | - Chris J McBain
- Center for Structural and Functional Neuroscience, Center for Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics, Division of Biological Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT (K.B.H.); Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, Center for Nervous System Disorders, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY (L.P.W.); Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada (D.B.); WM Keck Structural Biology Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY (H.F.); MindImmune Therapeutics, Inc., The George & Anne Ryan Institute for Neuroscience, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI (F.S.M.); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Columbia University, New York, NY (A.I.S.); Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (G.T.S.); Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at Virginia Tech Carilion, Virginia Tech, Roanoke, VA and Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA (S.A.S.); Neurobiology Division, MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, United Kingdom (I.H.G.); Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Center for Structural Biology, Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University, School of Medicine, Nashville, TN (T.N.); Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (C.J.M.), and Synaptic Physiology Section, NINDS Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (J.S.D.); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX (V.J.); Department of Pharmacology, Department of Anaesthesia, Healthy Longevity Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore (C.-M.L.); Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO (M.L.D.); and Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (C.R.C., R.E.P., H.Y., S.F.T.)
| | - Vasanthi Jayaraman
- Center for Structural and Functional Neuroscience, Center for Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics, Division of Biological Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT (K.B.H.); Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, Center for Nervous System Disorders, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY (L.P.W.); Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada (D.B.); WM Keck Structural Biology Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY (H.F.); MindImmune Therapeutics, Inc., The George & Anne Ryan Institute for Neuroscience, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI (F.S.M.); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Columbia University, New York, NY (A.I.S.); Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (G.T.S.); Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at Virginia Tech Carilion, Virginia Tech, Roanoke, VA and Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA (S.A.S.); Neurobiology Division, MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, United Kingdom (I.H.G.); Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Center for Structural Biology, Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University, School of Medicine, Nashville, TN (T.N.); Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (C.J.M.), and Synaptic Physiology Section, NINDS Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (J.S.D.); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX (V.J.); Department of Pharmacology, Department of Anaesthesia, Healthy Longevity Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore (C.-M.L.); Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO (M.L.D.); and Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (C.R.C., R.E.P., H.Y., S.F.T.)
| | - Chian-Ming Low
- Center for Structural and Functional Neuroscience, Center for Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics, Division of Biological Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT (K.B.H.); Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, Center for Nervous System Disorders, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY (L.P.W.); Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada (D.B.); WM Keck Structural Biology Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY (H.F.); MindImmune Therapeutics, Inc., The George & Anne Ryan Institute for Neuroscience, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI (F.S.M.); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Columbia University, New York, NY (A.I.S.); Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (G.T.S.); Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at Virginia Tech Carilion, Virginia Tech, Roanoke, VA and Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA (S.A.S.); Neurobiology Division, MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, United Kingdom (I.H.G.); Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Center for Structural Biology, Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University, School of Medicine, Nashville, TN (T.N.); Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (C.J.M.), and Synaptic Physiology Section, NINDS Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (J.S.D.); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX (V.J.); Department of Pharmacology, Department of Anaesthesia, Healthy Longevity Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore (C.-M.L.); Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO (M.L.D.); and Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (C.R.C., R.E.P., H.Y., S.F.T.)
| | - Mark L Dell'Acqua
- Center for Structural and Functional Neuroscience, Center for Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics, Division of Biological Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT (K.B.H.); Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, Center for Nervous System Disorders, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY (L.P.W.); Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada (D.B.); WM Keck Structural Biology Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY (H.F.); MindImmune Therapeutics, Inc., The George & Anne Ryan Institute for Neuroscience, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI (F.S.M.); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Columbia University, New York, NY (A.I.S.); Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (G.T.S.); Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at Virginia Tech Carilion, Virginia Tech, Roanoke, VA and Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA (S.A.S.); Neurobiology Division, MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, United Kingdom (I.H.G.); Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Center for Structural Biology, Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University, School of Medicine, Nashville, TN (T.N.); Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (C.J.M.), and Synaptic Physiology Section, NINDS Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (J.S.D.); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX (V.J.); Department of Pharmacology, Department of Anaesthesia, Healthy Longevity Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore (C.-M.L.); Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO (M.L.D.); and Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (C.R.C., R.E.P., H.Y., S.F.T.)
| | - Jeffrey S Diamond
- Center for Structural and Functional Neuroscience, Center for Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics, Division of Biological Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT (K.B.H.); Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, Center for Nervous System Disorders, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY (L.P.W.); Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada (D.B.); WM Keck Structural Biology Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY (H.F.); MindImmune Therapeutics, Inc., The George & Anne Ryan Institute for Neuroscience, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI (F.S.M.); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Columbia University, New York, NY (A.I.S.); Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (G.T.S.); Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at Virginia Tech Carilion, Virginia Tech, Roanoke, VA and Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA (S.A.S.); Neurobiology Division, MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, United Kingdom (I.H.G.); Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Center for Structural Biology, Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University, School of Medicine, Nashville, TN (T.N.); Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (C.J.M.), and Synaptic Physiology Section, NINDS Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (J.S.D.); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX (V.J.); Department of Pharmacology, Department of Anaesthesia, Healthy Longevity Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore (C.-M.L.); Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO (M.L.D.); and Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (C.R.C., R.E.P., H.Y., S.F.T.)
| | - Chad R Camp
- Center for Structural and Functional Neuroscience, Center for Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics, Division of Biological Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT (K.B.H.); Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, Center for Nervous System Disorders, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY (L.P.W.); Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada (D.B.); WM Keck Structural Biology Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY (H.F.); MindImmune Therapeutics, Inc., The George & Anne Ryan Institute for Neuroscience, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI (F.S.M.); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Columbia University, New York, NY (A.I.S.); Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (G.T.S.); Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at Virginia Tech Carilion, Virginia Tech, Roanoke, VA and Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA (S.A.S.); Neurobiology Division, MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, United Kingdom (I.H.G.); Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Center for Structural Biology, Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University, School of Medicine, Nashville, TN (T.N.); Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (C.J.M.), and Synaptic Physiology Section, NINDS Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (J.S.D.); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX (V.J.); Department of Pharmacology, Department of Anaesthesia, Healthy Longevity Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore (C.-M.L.); Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO (M.L.D.); and Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (C.R.C., R.E.P., H.Y., S.F.T.)
| | - Riley E Perszyk
- Center for Structural and Functional Neuroscience, Center for Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics, Division of Biological Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT (K.B.H.); Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, Center for Nervous System Disorders, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY (L.P.W.); Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada (D.B.); WM Keck Structural Biology Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY (H.F.); MindImmune Therapeutics, Inc., The George & Anne Ryan Institute for Neuroscience, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI (F.S.M.); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Columbia University, New York, NY (A.I.S.); Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (G.T.S.); Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at Virginia Tech Carilion, Virginia Tech, Roanoke, VA and Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA (S.A.S.); Neurobiology Division, MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, United Kingdom (I.H.G.); Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Center for Structural Biology, Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University, School of Medicine, Nashville, TN (T.N.); Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (C.J.M.), and Synaptic Physiology Section, NINDS Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (J.S.D.); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX (V.J.); Department of Pharmacology, Department of Anaesthesia, Healthy Longevity Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore (C.-M.L.); Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO (M.L.D.); and Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (C.R.C., R.E.P., H.Y., S.F.T.)
| | - Hongjie Yuan
- Center for Structural and Functional Neuroscience, Center for Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics, Division of Biological Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT (K.B.H.); Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, Center for Nervous System Disorders, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY (L.P.W.); Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada (D.B.); WM Keck Structural Biology Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY (H.F.); MindImmune Therapeutics, Inc., The George & Anne Ryan Institute for Neuroscience, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI (F.S.M.); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Columbia University, New York, NY (A.I.S.); Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (G.T.S.); Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at Virginia Tech Carilion, Virginia Tech, Roanoke, VA and Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA (S.A.S.); Neurobiology Division, MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, United Kingdom (I.H.G.); Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Center for Structural Biology, Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University, School of Medicine, Nashville, TN (T.N.); Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (C.J.M.), and Synaptic Physiology Section, NINDS Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (J.S.D.); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX (V.J.); Department of Pharmacology, Department of Anaesthesia, Healthy Longevity Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore (C.-M.L.); Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO (M.L.D.); and Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (C.R.C., R.E.P., H.Y., S.F.T.)
| | - Stephen F Traynelis
- Center for Structural and Functional Neuroscience, Center for Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics, Division of Biological Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT (K.B.H.); Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, Center for Nervous System Disorders, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY (L.P.W.); Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada (D.B.); WM Keck Structural Biology Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY (H.F.); MindImmune Therapeutics, Inc., The George & Anne Ryan Institute for Neuroscience, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI (F.S.M.); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Columbia University, New York, NY (A.I.S.); Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (G.T.S.); Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at Virginia Tech Carilion, Virginia Tech, Roanoke, VA and Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA (S.A.S.); Neurobiology Division, MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, United Kingdom (I.H.G.); Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Center for Structural Biology, Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University, School of Medicine, Nashville, TN (T.N.); Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (C.J.M.), and Synaptic Physiology Section, NINDS Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (J.S.D.); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX (V.J.); Department of Pharmacology, Department of Anaesthesia, Healthy Longevity Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore (C.-M.L.); Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO (M.L.D.); and Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (C.R.C., R.E.P., H.Y., S.F.T.)
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9
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Allosteric coupling of sub-millisecond clamshell motions in ionotropic glutamate receptor ligand-binding domains. Commun Biol 2021; 4:1056. [PMID: 34504293 PMCID: PMC8429746 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-021-02605-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Ionotropic glutamate receptors (iGluRs) mediate signal transmission in the brain and are important drug targets. Structural studies show snapshots of iGluRs, which provide a mechanistic understanding of gating, yet the rapid motions driving the receptor machinery are largely elusive. Here we detect kinetics of conformational change of isolated clamshell-shaped ligand-binding domains (LBDs) from the three major iGluR sub-types, which initiate gating upon binding of agonists. We design fluorescence probes to measure domain motions through nanosecond fluorescence correlation spectroscopy. We observe a broad kinetic spectrum of LBD dynamics that underlie activation of iGluRs. Microsecond clamshell motions slow upon dimerization and freeze upon binding of full and partial agonists. We uncover allosteric coupling within NMDA LBD hetero-dimers, where binding of L-glutamate to the GluN2A LBD stalls clamshell motions of the glycine-binding GluN1 LBD. Our results reveal rapid LBD dynamics across iGluRs and suggest a mechanism of negative allosteric cooperativity in NMDA receptors. Rajab et al. study the dynamics of closure of ligand binding domains (LBD) of the three major ionotropic glutamate receptor subtypes. They find pronounced sub-millisecond fluctuations in the apo state of LBDs from all three sub-types and reveal a pathway of allosteric communication in LBD dynamics across the dimerization interface
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10
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Kadriu B, Musazzi L, Johnston JN, Kalynchuk LE, Caruncho HJ, Popoli M, Zarate CA. Positive AMPA receptor modulation in the treatment of neuropsychiatric disorders: A long and winding road. Drug Discov Today 2021; 26:2816-2838. [PMID: 34358693 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2021.07.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Glutamatergic transmission is widely implicated in neuropsychiatric disorders, and the discovery that ketamine elicits rapid-acting antidepressant effects by modulating α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionic acid receptor (AMPAR) signaling has spurred a resurgence of interest in the field. This review explores agents in various stages of development for neuropsychiatric disorders that positively modulate AMPARs, both directly and indirectly. Despite promising preclinical research, few direct and indirect AMPAR positive modulators have progressed past early clinical development. Challenges such as low potency have created barriers to effective implementation. Nevertheless, the functional complexity of AMPARs sets them apart from other drug targets and allows for specificity in drug discovery. Additional effective treatments for neuropsychiatric disorders that work through positive AMPAR modulation may eventually be developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bashkim Kadriu
- Experimental Therapeutics & Pathophysiology Branch, Division of Intramural Research Programs, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| | - Laura Musazzi
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Italy
| | - Jenessa N Johnston
- Experimental Therapeutics & Pathophysiology Branch, Division of Intramural Research Programs, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA; Division of Medical Sciences, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada
| | - Lisa E Kalynchuk
- Division of Medical Sciences, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada
| | - Hector J Caruncho
- Division of Medical Sciences, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada
| | - Maurizio Popoli
- Laboratory of Neuropsychopharmacology and Functional Neurogenomics, Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Milano, Italy
| | - Carlos A Zarate
- Experimental Therapeutics & Pathophysiology Branch, Division of Intramural Research Programs, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
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11
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Etsè KS, Dorosz J, McLain Christensen K, Thomas JY, Botez Pop I, Goffin E, Colson T, Lestage P, Danober L, Pirotte B, Kastrup JS, Francotte P. Development of Thiochroman Dioxide Analogues of Benzothiadiazine Dioxides as New Positive Allosteric Modulators of α-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid (AMPA) Receptors. ACS Chem Neurosci 2021; 12:2679-2692. [PMID: 34242002 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.1c00255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
On the basis of the activity of 1,2,4-benzothiadiazine 1,1-dioxides as positive allosteric modulators of AMPA receptors, thiochroman 1,1-dioxides were designed applying the isosteric replacement concept. The new compounds expressed strong modulatory activity on AMPA receptors in vitro, although lower than their corresponding benzothiadiazine analogues. The pharmacokinetic profile of three thiochroman 1,1-dioxides (12a, 12b, 12e) was examined in vivo after oral administration, showing that these compounds freely cross the blood-brain barrier. Structural analysis was achieved using X-ray crystallography after cocrystallization of the racemic compound 12b in complex with the ligand-binding domain of GluA2 (L504Y/N775S). Interestingly, both enantiomers of 12b were found to interact with the GluA2 dimer interface, almost identically to its benzothiadiazine analogue, BPAM344 (4). The interactions of the two enantiomers in the cocrystal were further analyzed (mapping Hirshfeld surfaces and 2D fingerprint) and compared to those of 4. Taken together, these data explain the lower affinity on AMPA receptors of thiochroman 1,1-dioxides compared to their corresponding 1,2,4-benzothiadiazine 1,1-dioxides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koffi Sénam Etsè
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Medicines (CIRM) − Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Liège, Avenue Hippocrate 15 (B36), B-4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Jerzy Dorosz
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Katrine McLain Christensen
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jean-Yves Thomas
- Institut de Recherches Servier, 125 Chemin de Ronde, F-78290 Croissy-sur-Seine, France
| | - Iuliana Botez Pop
- Institut de Recherches Servier, 125 Chemin de Ronde, F-78290 Croissy-sur-Seine, France
| | - Eric Goffin
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Medicines (CIRM) − Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Liège, Avenue Hippocrate 15 (B36), B-4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Thomas Colson
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Medicines (CIRM) − Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Liège, Avenue Hippocrate 15 (B36), B-4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Pierre Lestage
- Institut de Recherches Servier, 125 Chemin de Ronde, F-78290 Croissy-sur-Seine, France
| | - Laurence Danober
- Institut de Recherches Servier, 125 Chemin de Ronde, F-78290 Croissy-sur-Seine, France
| | - Bernard Pirotte
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Medicines (CIRM) − Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Liège, Avenue Hippocrate 15 (B36), B-4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Jette Sandholm Kastrup
- Research Cluster on Molecular Neuroprotection, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Pierre Francotte
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Medicines (CIRM) − Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Liège, Avenue Hippocrate 15 (B36), B-4000 Liège, Belgium
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12
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Burada AP, Vinnakota R, Lambolez B, Tricoire L, Kumar J. Structural biology of ionotropic glutamate delta receptors and their crosstalk with metabotropic glutamate receptors. Neuropharmacology 2021; 196:108683. [PMID: 34181979 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2021.108683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Enigmatic orphan glutamate delta receptors (GluD) are one of the four classes of the ionotropic glutamate receptors (iGluRs) that play key roles in synaptic transmission and plasticity. While members of other iGluR families viz AMPA, NMDA, and kainate receptors are gated by glutamate, the GluD receptors neither bind glutamate nor evoke ligand-induced currents upon binding of glycine and D-serine. Thus, the GluD receptors were considered to function as structural proteins that facilitate the formation, maturation, and maintenance of synapses in the hippocampus and cerebellum. Recent work has revealed that GluD receptors have extensive crosstalk with metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGlus) and are also gated by their activation. The latest development of a novel optopharamcological tool and the cryoEM structures of GluD receptors would help define the molecular and chemical basis of the GluD receptor's role in synaptic physiology. This article is part of the special Issue on "Glutamate Receptors - Orphan iGluRs".
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Affiliation(s)
- Ananth Prasad Burada
- Laboratory of Membrane Protein Biology, National Centre for Cell Science, NCCS Complex, S. P. Pune University, Pune, Maharashtra, 411007, India
| | - Rajesh Vinnakota
- Laboratory of Membrane Protein Biology, National Centre for Cell Science, NCCS Complex, S. P. Pune University, Pune, Maharashtra, 411007, India
| | - Bertrand Lambolez
- Neuroscience Paris Seine - Institut de Biologie Paris Seine (NPS - IBPS), CNRS, INSERM, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Ludovic Tricoire
- Neuroscience Paris Seine - Institut de Biologie Paris Seine (NPS - IBPS), CNRS, INSERM, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France.
| | - Janesh Kumar
- Laboratory of Membrane Protein Biology, National Centre for Cell Science, NCCS Complex, S. P. Pune University, Pune, Maharashtra, 411007, India.
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13
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Stroebel D, Mony L, Paoletti P. Glycine agonism in ionotropic glutamate receptors. Neuropharmacology 2021; 193:108631. [PMID: 34058193 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2021.108631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Ionotropic glutamate receptors (iGluRs) are ligand-gated ion channels that mediate the majority of excitatory neurotransmission in the vertebrate CNS. Classified as AMPA, kainate, delta and NMDA receptors, iGluRs are central drivers of synaptic plasticity widely considered as a major cellular substrate of learning and memory. Surprisingly however, five out of the eighteen vertebrate iGluR subunits do not bind glutamate but glycine, a neurotransmitter known to mediate inhibitory neurotransmission through its action on pentameric glycine receptors (GlyRs). This is the case of GluN1, GluN3A, GluN3B, GluD1 and GluD2 subunits, all also binding the D amino acid d-serine endogenously present in many brain regions. Glycine and d-serine action and affinities broadly differ between glycinergic iGluR subtypes. On 'conventional' GluN1/GluN2 NMDA receptors, glycine (or d-serine) acts in concert with glutamate as a mandatory co-agonist to set the level of receptor activity. It also regulates the receptor's trafficking and expression independently of glutamate. On 'unconventional' GluN1/GluN3 NMDARs, glycine acts as the sole agonist directly triggering opening of excitatory glycinergic channels recently shown to be physiologically relevant. On GluD receptors, d-serine on its own mediates non-ionotropic signaling involved in excitatory and inhibitory synaptogenesis, further reinforcing the concept of glutamate-insensitive iGluRs. Here we present an overview of our current knowledge on glycine and d-serine agonism in iGluRs emphasizing aspects related to molecular mechanisms, cellular function and pharmacological profile. The growing appreciation of the critical influence of glycine and d-serine on iGluR biology reshapes our understanding of iGluR signaling diversity and complexity, with important implications in neuropharmacology.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Stroebel
- Institut de Biologie de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure (IBENS), Ecole Normale Supérieure, Université PSL, CNRS, INSERM, F-75005, Paris, France.
| | - Laetitia Mony
- Institut de Biologie de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure (IBENS), Ecole Normale Supérieure, Université PSL, CNRS, INSERM, F-75005, Paris, France
| | - Pierre Paoletti
- Institut de Biologie de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure (IBENS), Ecole Normale Supérieure, Université PSL, CNRS, INSERM, F-75005, Paris, France.
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14
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Mayer ML. Structural biology of kainate receptors. Neuropharmacology 2021; 190:108511. [PMID: 33798545 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2021.108511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Revised: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
This review summarizes structural studies on kainate receptors that explain unique functional properties of this receptor family. A large number of structures have been solved for ligand binding domain dimer assemblies, giving insight into the subtype selective pharmacology of agonists, antagonists, and allosteric modulators. Structures and biochemical studies on the amino terminal domain reveal mechanisms that play a key role in assembly of heteromeric receptors. Surprisingly, structures of full length homomeric GluK2, GluK3 and heteromeric GluK2/GluK5, receptors reveal a novel structure for the desensitized state that is strikingly different from that for AMPA receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark L Mayer
- Porter Neuroscience Research Center, NINDS, NIH, 35A Convent Drive Room 3D 904, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
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15
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Umanah GKE, Ghasemi M, Yin X, Chang M, Kim JW, Zhang J, Ma E, Scarffe LA, Lee YI, Chen R, Tangella K, McNamara A, Abalde-Atristain L, Dar MA, Bennett S, Cortes M, Andrabi SA, Doulias PT, Ischiropoulos H, Dawson TM, Dawson VL. AMPA Receptor Surface Expression Is Regulated by S-Nitrosylation of Thorase and Transnitrosylation of NSF. Cell Rep 2020; 33:108329. [PMID: 33147468 PMCID: PMC7737632 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.108329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Revised: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The regulation of α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptor (AMPAR) trafficking affects multiple brain functions, such as learning and memory. We have previously shown that Thorase plays an important role in the internalization of AMPARs from the synaptic membrane. Here, we show that N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) activation leads to increased S-nitrosylation of Thorase and N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor (NSF). S-nitrosylation of Thorase stabilizes Thorase-AMPAR complexes and enhances the internalization of AMPAR and interaction with protein-interacting C kinase 1 (PICK1). S-nitrosylated NSF is dependent on the S-nitrosylation of Thorase via trans-nitrosylation, which modulates the surface insertion of AMPARs. In the presence of the S-nitrosylation-deficient C137L Thorase mutant, AMPAR trafficking, long-term potentiation, and long-term depression are impaired. Overall, our data suggest that both S-nitrosylation and interactions of Thorase and NSF/PICK1 are required to modulate AMPAR-mediated synaptic plasticity. This study provides critical information that elucidates the mechanism underlying Thorase and NSF-mediated trafficking of AMPAR complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- George K E Umanah
- Neuroregeneration and Stem Cell Programs, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Departments of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
| | - Mehdi Ghasemi
- Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts School of Medicine, Worcester, MA 01655, USA
| | - Xiling Yin
- Neuroregeneration and Stem Cell Programs, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Departments of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Melissa Chang
- University of California, Irvine, School of Medicine, Irvine, CA 92697-3950, USA
| | - Jin Wan Kim
- University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jianmin Zhang
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and School of Basic Medicine, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Erica Ma
- Johns Hopkins University Krieger School of Arts and Sciences, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Leslie A Scarffe
- Division of Neurology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada
| | - Yun-Il Lee
- Division of Biotechnology, Well Aging Research Center, DGIST, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Rong Chen
- Neuroregeneration and Stem Cell Programs, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Departments of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Kavya Tangella
- Neuroregeneration and Stem Cell Programs, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Departments of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Amy McNamara
- Neuroregeneration and Stem Cell Programs, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Departments of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | | | - Mohamad A Dar
- Neuroregeneration and Stem Cell Programs, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Departments of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Samuel Bennett
- Neuroregeneration and Stem Cell Programs, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Departments of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Marisol Cortes
- Neuroregeneration and Stem Cell Programs, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Departments of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Shaida A Andrabi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Paschalis-Thomas Doulias
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Research Institute, The University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Harry Ischiropoulos
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Research Institute, The University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Pharmacology, The University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Ted M Dawson
- Neuroregeneration and Stem Cell Programs, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Departments of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts School of Medicine, Worcester, MA 01655, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Graduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
| | - Valina L Dawson
- Neuroregeneration and Stem Cell Programs, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Departments of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts School of Medicine, Worcester, MA 01655, USA; Graduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Department of Physiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
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16
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Gangwar SP, Green MN, Michard E, Simon AA, Feijó JA, Sobolevsky AI. Structure of the Arabidopsis Glutamate Receptor-like Channel GLR3.2 Ligand-Binding Domain. Structure 2020; 29:161-169.e4. [PMID: 33027636 DOI: 10.1016/j.str.2020.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Revised: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Glutamate receptor-like channels (GLRs) play important roles in numerous plant physiological processes. GLRs are homologous to ionotropic glutamate receptors (iGluRs) that mediate neurotransmission in vertebrates. Here we determine crystal structures of Arabidopsis thaliana GLR3.2 ligand-binding domain (LBD) in complex with glycine and methionine to 1.58- and 1.75-Å resolution, respectively. Our structures show a fold similar to that of iGluRs, but with several secondary structure elements either missing or different. The closed clamshell conformation of GLR3.2 LBD suggests that both glycine and methionine act as agonists. The mutation R133A strongly increases the constitutive activity of the channel, suggesting that the LBD mutated at the residue critical for agonist binding produces a more stable closed clamshell conformation. Furthermore, our structures explain the promiscuity of GLR activation by different amino acids, confirm evolutionary conservation of structure between GLRs and iGluRs, and predict common molecular principles of their gating mechanisms driven by bilobed clamshell-like LBDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanti Pal Gangwar
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Columbia University, 650 West 168(th) Street, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Marriah N Green
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Columbia University, 650 West 168(th) Street, New York, NY 10032, USA; Training Program in Nutritional and Metabolic Biology, Institute of Human Nutrition, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 630 West 168(th) Street, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Erwan Michard
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, University of Maryland, 0118 BioScience Research Bldg, College Park, MD 20742-5815, USA
| | - Alexander A Simon
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, University of Maryland, 0118 BioScience Research Bldg, College Park, MD 20742-5815, USA
| | - José A Feijó
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, University of Maryland, 0118 BioScience Research Bldg, College Park, MD 20742-5815, USA.
| | - Alexander I Sobolevsky
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Columbia University, 650 West 168(th) Street, New York, NY 10032, USA.
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17
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Stroebel D, Paoletti P. Architecture and function of NMDA receptors: an evolutionary perspective. J Physiol 2020; 599:2615-2638. [PMID: 32786006 DOI: 10.1113/jp279028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Ionotropic glutamate receptors (iGluRs) are a major class of ligand-gated ion channels that are widespread in the living kingdom. Their critical role in excitatory neurotransmission and brain function of arthropods and vertebrates has made them a compelling subject of interest for neurophysiologists and pharmacologists. This is particularly true for NMDA receptor (NMDARs), a subclass of iGluRs that act as central drivers of synaptic plasticity in the CNS. How and when the unique properties of NMDARs arose during evolution, and how they relate to the evolution of the nervous system, remain open questions. Recent years have witnessed a boom in both genomic and structural data, such that it is now possible to analyse the evolution of iGluR genes on an unprecedented scale and within a solid molecular framework. In this review, combining insights from phylogeny, atomic structure and physiological and mechanistic data, we discuss how evolution of NMDAR motifs and sequences shaped their architecture and functionalities. We trace differences and commonalities between NMDARs and other iGluRs, emphasizing a few distinctive properties of the former regarding ligand binding and gating, permeation, allosteric modulation and intracellular signalling. Finally, we speculate on how specific molecular properties of iGuRs arose to supply new functions to the evolving structure of the nervous system, from early metazoan to present mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Stroebel
- Ecole Normale Supérieure, CNRS, INSERM, Institute de Biologie de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure (IBENS), Université PSL, Paris, France
| | - Pierre Paoletti
- Ecole Normale Supérieure, CNRS, INSERM, Institute de Biologie de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure (IBENS), Université PSL, Paris, France
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18
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Krintel C, Dorosz J, Larsen AH, Thorsen TS, Venskutonytė R, Mirza O, Gajhede M, Boesen T, Kastrup JS. Binding of a negative allosteric modulator and competitive antagonist can occur simultaneously at the ionotropic glutamate receptor GluA2. FEBS J 2020; 288:995-1007. [PMID: 32543078 DOI: 10.1111/febs.15455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Revised: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Ionotropic glutamate receptors are ligand-gated ion channels governing neurotransmission in the central nervous system. Three major types of antagonists are known for the AMPA-type receptor GluA2: competitive, noncompetitive (i.e., negative allosteric modulators; NAMs) used for treatment of epilepsy, and uncompetitive antagonists. We here report a 4.65 Å resolution X-ray structure of GluA2, revealing that four molecules of the competitive antagonist ZK200775 and four molecules of the NAM GYKI53655 are capable of binding at the same time. Using negative stain electron microscopy, we show that GYKI53655 alone or ZK200775/GYKI53655 in combination predominantly results in compact receptor forms. The agonist AMPA provides a mixed population of compact and bulgy shapes of GluA2 not impacted by addition of GYKI53655. Taken together, this suggests that the two different mechanisms of antagonism that lead to channel closure are independent and that the distribution between bulgy and compact receptors primarily depends on the ligand bound in the glutamate binding site. DATABASE: The atomic coordinates and structure factors from the crystal structure determination have been deposited in the Protein Data Bank under accession code https://doi.org/10.2210/pdb6RUQ/pdb. The electron microscopy 3D reconstruction volumes have been deposited in EMDB (EMD-4875: Apo; EMD-4920: ZK200775/GYKI53655; EMD-4921: AMPA compact; EMD-4922: AMPA/GYKI53655 bulgy; EMD-4923: GYKI53655; EMD-4924: AMPA bulgy; EMD-4925: AMPA/GYKI53655 compact).
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Krintel
- Research Cluster on Molecular Neuroprotection, Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jerzy Dorosz
- Research Cluster on Molecular Neuroprotection, Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Andreas Haahr Larsen
- Structural Biophysics, X-ray and Neutron Science, The Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Thor Seneca Thorsen
- Research Cluster on Molecular Neuroprotection, Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Raminta Venskutonytė
- Research Cluster on Molecular Neuroprotection, Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Lund, 221 00, Sweden
| | - Osman Mirza
- Research Cluster on Molecular Neuroprotection, Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Michael Gajhede
- Research Cluster on Molecular Neuroprotection, Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Thomas Boesen
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Denmark
| | - Jette Sandholm Kastrup
- Research Cluster on Molecular Neuroprotection, Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
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19
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Frydenvang K, Pickering DS, Kshirsagar GU, Chemi G, Gemma S, Sprogøe D, Kærn AM, Brogi S, Campiani G, Butini S, Kastrup JS. Ionotropic Glutamate Receptor GluA2 in Complex with Bicyclic Pyrimidinedione-Based Compounds: When Small Compound Modifications Have Distinct Effects on Binding Interactions. ACS Chem Neurosci 2020; 11:1791-1800. [PMID: 32437601 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.0c00195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
(S)-2-Amino-3-(5-methyl-3-hydroxyisoxazol-4-yl)propanoic acid (AMPA) receptors comprise an important class of ionotropic glutamate receptors activated by glutamate in the central nervous system. These receptors have been shown to be involved in brain diseases, for example, Alzheimer's disease and epilepsy. To understand the functional role of AMPA receptors at the molecular level and their potential as targets for drugs, development of tool compounds is essential. We have previously reported the synthesis of six bicyclic pyrimidinedione-based analogues of willardiine with differences limited to the pyrimidinedione-fused five-membered rings. Despite minor molecular differences, we observed >500-fold difference in binding affinity of the compounds at full-length GluA2. Here, we report binding affinities and the binding mode of these compounds at the ligand-binding domain of GluA2 using X-ray crystallography. The structures revealed similar binding modes, with distinct differences in the interaction between GluA2 and the compounds. The methylene (2) and sulfur (3) containing compounds showed the greatest binding affinities. Changing the dihydrothiophene (3) into pyrrolidine (4), N-methyl pyrrolidine (5), or dihydrofuran (6) induced flexibility in the position of a binding-site water molecule and changes in the hydrogen-bonding network between compound, water, and GluA2. This might be essential for explaining the reduced binding affinity of these compounds. The weakest binding affinity was observed when the aliphatic oxygen containing dihydrofuran (6) was changed into an aromatic furan system (7). Molecular docking studies revealed two possible orientations of 7, whereas only one binding mode was observed for the other analogues. This could likely contribute to the weakest binding affinity of 7 at GluA2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karla Frydenvang
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Jagtvej 162, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Darryl S. Pickering
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Jagtvej 162, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Giridhar U. Kshirsagar
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Jagtvej 162, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy (DoE 2018-2022), University of Siena, Via A. Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Giulia Chemi
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy (DoE 2018-2022), University of Siena, Via A. Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Sandra Gemma
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy (DoE 2018-2022), University of Siena, Via A. Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Desiree Sprogøe
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Jagtvej 162, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anne Mette Kærn
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Jagtvej 162, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Simone Brogi
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Campiani
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy (DoE 2018-2022), University of Siena, Via A. Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Stefania Butini
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy (DoE 2018-2022), University of Siena, Via A. Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Jette Sandholm Kastrup
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Jagtvej 162, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
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20
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Sakakura M, Ohkubo Y, Oshima H, Re S, Ito M, Sugita Y, Takahashi H. Structural Mechanisms Underlying Activity Changes in an AMPA-type Glutamate Receptor Induced by Substitutions in Its Ligand-Binding Domain. Structure 2019; 27:1698-1709.e5. [PMID: 31585769 DOI: 10.1016/j.str.2019.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2019] [Revised: 07/24/2019] [Accepted: 09/13/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
α-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA)-type glutamate receptors produce postsynaptic current by transmitting an agonist-induced structural change in the ligand-binding domain (LBD) to the transmembrane channel. Receptors carrying T686S/A substitutions in their LBDs produce weaker glutamate-evoked currents than wild-type (WT) receptors. However, the substitutions induce little differences in the crystal structures of their LBDs. To understand the structural mechanism underlying reduced activities of these AMPAR variants, we analyzed the structural dynamics of WT, T686S, and T686A variants of LBD using nuclear magnetic resonance. The HD exchange studies of the LBDs showed that the kinetic step where the ligand-binding cleft closes was changed by the substitutions, and the substitution-induced population shift from cleft-closed to cleft-open structures is responsible for the reduced activities of the variants. The chemical shift analyses revealed another structural equilibrium between cleft-locked and cleft-partially-open conformations. The substitution-induced population shift in this equilibrium may be related to slower desensitization observed for these variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masayoshi Sakakura
- Graduate School of Medical Life Science, Yokohama City University, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan.
| | - Yumi Ohkubo
- Graduate School of Medical Life Science, Yokohama City University, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan
| | - Hiraku Oshima
- Laboratory for Biomolecular Function Simulation, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Kobe 650-0047, Japan
| | - Suyong Re
- Laboratory for Biomolecular Function Simulation, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Kobe 650-0047, Japan
| | - Masahiro Ito
- Graduate School of Medical Life Science, Yokohama City University, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan
| | - Yuji Sugita
- Laboratory for Biomolecular Function Simulation, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Kobe 650-0047, Japan; Theoretical Molecular Science Laboratory, RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research, Wako 351-0198, Japan; Computational Biophysics Research Team, RIKEN Center for Computational Science, Kobe 650-0047, Japan
| | - Hideo Takahashi
- Graduate School of Medical Life Science, Yokohama City University, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan.
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21
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Dudić A, Reiner A. Quinoxalinedione deprotonation is important for glutamate receptor binding. Biol Chem 2019; 400:927-938. [PMID: 30903748 DOI: 10.1515/hsz-2018-0464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Accepted: 03/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Quinoxalinediones are an important class of competitive antagonists at ionotropic glutamate receptors (iGluRs), where they are widely used to block α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) and kainate receptor responses. In this study we utilize two prototypic quinoxalinedione antagonists, namely DNQX and CNQX, which quench the intrinsic fluorescence of the ligand binding domain (LBD), to perform in vitro binding assays. We find that binding of DNQX and CNQX at the AMPA receptor GluA2 LBD is strongly pH dependent, whereas glutamate binding is not affected by pH. We also show that the deprotonation of DNQX, CNQX and other quinoxalinediones (NBQX and YM90K) occurs close to physiological pH, which can be explained by the lactam-lactim tautomerization of the quinoxalinedione scaffold. Analysis of our binding data indicates that quinoxalinedione deprotonation is a key requirement for binding, as we find a >100-fold higher affinity for binding of the monoanionic form compared to the neutral form. This suggests a large electrostatic contribution to the interaction with a conserved arginine residue located in the binding pocket of iGluRs. The strong pH dependence of quinoxalinedione binding, which has not previously been reported, is relevant for structure-function studies, but also for the use of quinoxalinediones in physiological experiments and envisioned therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adela Dudić
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, Ruhr University Bochum, Universitätsstrasse 150, D-44801 Bochum, Germany
| | - Andreas Reiner
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, Ruhr University Bochum, Universitätsstrasse 150, D-44801 Bochum, Germany
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22
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Sainas S, Temperini P, Farnsworth JC, Yi F, Møllerud S, Jensen AA, Nielsen B, Passoni A, Kastrup JS, Hansen KB, Boschi D, Pickering DS, Clausen RP, Lolli ML. Use of the 4-Hydroxytriazole Moiety as a Bioisosteric Tool in the Development of Ionotropic Glutamate Receptor Ligands. J Med Chem 2019; 62:4467-4482. [PMID: 30943028 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.8b01986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
We report a series of glutamate and aspartate analogues designed using the hydroxy-1,2,3-triazole moiety as a bioisostere for the distal carboxylic acid. Compound 6b showed unprecedented selectivity among ( S)-2-amino-3-(3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolyl)propionic acid (AMPA) receptor subtypes, confirmed also by an unusual binding mode observed for the crystal structures in complex with the AMPA receptor GluA2 agonist-binding domain. Here, a methionine (Met729) was highly disordered compared to previous agonist-bound structures. This observation provides a possible explanation for the pharmacological profile. In the structure with 7a, an unusual organization of water molecules around the bioisostere arises compared to previous structures of ligands with other bioisosteres. Aspartate analogue 8 with the hydroxy-1,2,3-triazole moiety directly attached to glycine was unexpectedly able to activate both the glutamate and glycine agonist-binding sites of the N-methyl-d-aspartic acid receptor. These observations demonstrate novel features that arise when employing a hydroxytriazole moiety as a bioisostere for the distal carboxylic acid in glutamate receptor agonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Sainas
- Department of Drug Science and Technology , University of Turin , via P.Giuria 9 , 10125 Turin , Italy
| | - Piero Temperini
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology , University of Copenhagen , 2100 Copenhagen , Denmark
| | - Jill C Farnsworth
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Center for Structural and Functional Neuroscience, and Center for Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics , University of Montana , Missoula , Montana 59812 , United States
| | - Feng Yi
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Center for Structural and Functional Neuroscience, and Center for Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics , University of Montana , Missoula , Montana 59812 , United States
| | - Stine Møllerud
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology , University of Copenhagen , 2100 Copenhagen , Denmark
| | - Anders A Jensen
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology , University of Copenhagen , 2100 Copenhagen , Denmark
| | - Birgitte Nielsen
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology , University of Copenhagen , 2100 Copenhagen , Denmark
| | - Alice Passoni
- Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri" IRCCS , via La Masa 19 , 20156 Milan , Italy
| | - Jette S Kastrup
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology , University of Copenhagen , 2100 Copenhagen , Denmark
| | - Kasper B Hansen
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Center for Structural and Functional Neuroscience, and Center for Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics , University of Montana , Missoula , Montana 59812 , United States
| | - Donatella Boschi
- Department of Drug Science and Technology , University of Turin , via P.Giuria 9 , 10125 Turin , Italy
| | - Darryl S Pickering
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology , University of Copenhagen , 2100 Copenhagen , Denmark
| | - Rasmus P Clausen
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology , University of Copenhagen , 2100 Copenhagen , Denmark
| | - Marco L Lolli
- Department of Drug Science and Technology , University of Turin , via P.Giuria 9 , 10125 Turin , Italy
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23
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Pallesen J, Møllerud S, Frydenvang K, Pickering DS, Bornholdt J, Nielsen B, Pasini D, Han L, Marconi L, Kastrup JS, Johansen TN. N1-Substituted Quinoxaline-2,3-diones as Kainate Receptor Antagonists: X-ray Crystallography, Structure-Affinity Relationships, and in Vitro Pharmacology. ACS Chem Neurosci 2019; 10:1841-1853. [PMID: 30620174 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.8b00726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Among the ionotropic glutamate receptors, the physiological role of kainate receptors is less well understood. Although ligands with selectivity toward the kainate receptor subtype GluK1 are available, tool compounds with selectivity at the remaining kainate receptor subtypes are sparse. Here, we have synthesized a series of quinoxaline-2,3-diones with substitutions in the N1-, 6-, and 7-position to investigate the structure-activity relationship (SAR) at GluK1-3 and GluK5. Pharmacological characterization at native and recombinant kainate and AMPA receptors revealed that compound 37 had a GluK3-binding affinity ( Ki) of 0.142 μM and 8-fold preference for GluK3 over GluK1. Despite lower binding affinity of 22 at GluK3 ( Ki = 2.91 μM), its preference for GluK3 over GluK1 and GluK2 was >30-fold. Compound 37 was crystallized with the GluK1 ligand-binding domain to understand the SAR. The X-ray structure showed that 37 stabilized the protein in an open conformation, consistent with an antagonist binding mode.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakob Pallesen
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Stine Møllerud
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Karla Frydenvang
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Darryl S. Pickering
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jan Bornholdt
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Birgitte Nielsen
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Diletta Pasini
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Liwei Han
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Laura Marconi
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jette Sandholm Kastrup
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Tommy N. Johansen
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
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24
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Laulumaa S, Hansen KV, Masternak M, Drapier T, Francotte P, Pirotte B, Frydenvang K, Kastrup JS. Crystal Structures of Potent Dimeric Positive Allosteric Modulators at the Ligand-Binding Domain of the GluA2 Receptor. ACS Med Chem Lett 2019; 10:243-247. [PMID: 30891120 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.8b00369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2018] [Accepted: 11/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The ionotropic glutamate receptor GluA2 is considered to be an attractive target for positive allosteric modulation for the development of pharmacological tools or cognitive enhancers. Here, we report a detailed structural characterization of two recently reported dimeric positive allosteric modulators, TDPAM01 and TDPAM02, with nanomolar potency at GluA2. Using X-ray crystallography, TDPAM01 and TDPAM02 were crystallized in the ligand-binding domain of the GluA2 flop isoform as well as in the flip-like mutant N775S and the preformed dimer L504Y-N775S. In all structures, one modulator molecule binds at the dimer interface with two characteristic hydrogen bonds being formed from the modulator to Pro515. Whereas the GluA2 dimers and modulator binding mode are similar when crystallized in the presence of l-glutamate, the shape of the binding site differs when no l-glutamate is present. TDPAM02 has no effect on domain closure in both apo and l-glutamate bound GluA2 dimers compared to structures without modulator.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saara Laulumaa
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Jagtvej 162, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kathrine Voigt Hansen
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Jagtvej 162, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Magdalena Masternak
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Jagtvej 162, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Thomas Drapier
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Medicines (CIRM), ULiège, Quartier Hôpital, Avenue Hippocrate,15, B36, B-4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Pierre Francotte
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Medicines (CIRM), ULiège, Quartier Hôpital, Avenue Hippocrate,15, B36, B-4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Bernard Pirotte
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Medicines (CIRM), ULiège, Quartier Hôpital, Avenue Hippocrate,15, B36, B-4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Karla Frydenvang
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Jagtvej 162, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jette Sandholm Kastrup
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Jagtvej 162, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
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25
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Coughlin Q, Hopper AT, Blanco MJ, Tirunagaru V, Robichaud AJ, Doller D. Allosteric Modalities for Membrane-Bound Receptors: Insights from Drug Hunting for Brain Diseases. J Med Chem 2019; 62:5979-6002. [PMID: 30721063 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.8b01651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Medicinal chemists are accountable for embedding the appropriate drug target profile into the molecular architecture of a clinical candidate. An accurate characterization of the functional effects following binding of a drug to its biological target is a fundamental step in the discovery of new medicines, informing the translation of preclinical efficacy and safety observations into human trials. Membrane-bound proteins, particularly ion channels and G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), are biological targets prone to allosteric modulation. Investigations using allosteric drug candidates and chemical tools suggest that their functional effects may be tailored with a high degree of translational alignment, making them molecular tools to correct pathophysiological functional tone and enable personalized medicine when a causative target-to-disease link is known. We present select examples of functional molecular fine-tuning of allosterism and discuss consequences relevant to drug design.
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26
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Shi EY, Yuan CL, Sipple MT, Srinivasan J, Ptak CP, Oswald RE, Nowak LM. Noncompetitive antagonists induce cooperative AMPA receptor channel gating. J Gen Physiol 2019; 151:156-173. [PMID: 30622133 PMCID: PMC6363417 DOI: 10.1085/jgp.201812209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2018] [Revised: 11/05/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Glutamate activates individual subunits of AMPA receptors in a stepwise manner. Shi et al. reveal that two noncompetitive antagonists disrupt this gating pattern and that their binding sites at the boundary between the transmembrane and extracellular linker domains is a tunable locus for gating. Glutamate is released from presynaptic nerve terminals in the central nervous system (CNS) and spreads excitation by binding to and activating postsynaptic iGluRs. Of the potential glutamate targets, tetrameric AMPA receptors mediate fast, transient CNS signaling. Each of the four AMPA subunits in the receptor channel complex is capable of binding glutamate at its ligand-binding domains and transmitting the energy of activation to the pore domain. Homotetrameric AMPA receptor channels open in a stepwise manner, consistent with independent activation of individual subunits, and they exhibit complex kinetic behavior that manifests as temporal shifts between four different conductance levels. Here, we investigate how two AMPA receptor-selective noncompetitive antagonists, GYKI-52466 and GYKI-53655, disrupt the intrinsic step-like gating patterns of maximally activated homotetrameric GluA3 receptors using single-channel recordings from cell-attached patches. Interactions of these 2,3-benzodiazepines with residues in the boundary between the extracellular linkers and transmembrane helical domains reorganize the gating behavior of channels. Low concentrations of modulators stabilize open and closed states to different degrees and coordinate the activation of subunits so that channels open directly from closed to higher conductance levels. Using kinetic and structural models, we provide insight into how the altered gating patterns might arise from molecular contacts within the extracellular linker-channel boundary. Our results suggest that this region may be a tunable locus for AMPA receptor channel gating.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward Y Shi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY
| | - Christine L Yuan
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY
| | - Matthew T Sipple
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY
| | | | | | - Robert E Oswald
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY
| | - Linda M Nowak
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY
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27
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Lee JY, Krieger J, Herguedas B, García-Nafría J, Dutta A, Shaikh SA, Greger IH, Bahar I. Druggability Simulations and X-Ray Crystallography Reveal a Ligand-Binding Site in the GluA3 AMPA Receptor N-Terminal Domain. Structure 2018; 27:241-252.e3. [PMID: 30528594 DOI: 10.1016/j.str.2018.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2018] [Revised: 07/25/2018] [Accepted: 10/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Ionotropic glutamate receptors (iGluRs) mediate the majority of excitatory neurotransmission in the brain. Their dysfunction is implicated in many neurological disorders, rendering iGluRs potential drug targets. Here, we performed a systematic analysis of the druggability of two major iGluR subfamilies, using molecular dynamics simulations in the presence of drug-like molecules. We demonstrate the applicability of druggability simulations by faithfully identifying known agonist and modulator sites on AMPA receptors (AMPARs) and NMDA receptors. Simulations produced the expected allosteric changes of the AMPAR ligand-binding domain in response to agonist. We also identified a novel ligand-binding site specific to the GluA3 AMPAR N-terminal domain (NTD), resulting from its unique conformational flexibility that we explored further with crystal structures trapped in vastly different states. In addition to providing an in-depth analysis into iGluR NTD dynamics, our approach identifies druggable sites and permits the determination of pharmacophoric features toward novel iGluR modulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Young Lee
- Department of Computational and Systems Biology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, 3501 Fifth Avenue, Suite 3064 BST3, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
| | - James Krieger
- Department of Computational and Systems Biology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, 3501 Fifth Avenue, Suite 3064 BST3, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
| | - Beatriz Herguedas
- Neurobiology Division, MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Francis Crick Avenue, Cambridge CB2 0QH, UK
| | - Javier García-Nafría
- Neurobiology Division, MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Francis Crick Avenue, Cambridge CB2 0QH, UK
| | - Anindita Dutta
- Department of Computational and Systems Biology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, 3501 Fifth Avenue, Suite 3064 BST3, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
| | - Saher A Shaikh
- Neurobiology Division, MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Francis Crick Avenue, Cambridge CB2 0QH, UK
| | - Ingo H Greger
- Neurobiology Division, MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Francis Crick Avenue, Cambridge CB2 0QH, UK.
| | - Ivet Bahar
- Department of Computational and Systems Biology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, 3501 Fifth Avenue, Suite 3064 BST3, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA.
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28
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Wells G, Yuan H, McDaniel MJ, Kusumoto H, Snyder JP, Liotta DC, Traynelis SF. The GluN2B-Glu413Gly NMDA receptor variant arising from a de novo GRIN2B mutation promotes ligand-unbinding and domain opening. Proteins 2018; 86:1265-1276. [PMID: 30168177 PMCID: PMC6774441 DOI: 10.1002/prot.25595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2017] [Revised: 07/17/2018] [Accepted: 08/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors are transmembrane glutamate-binding ion channels that mediate neurotransmission in mammals. NMDA receptor subunits are tetrameric complexes of GluN1 and GluN2A-D subunits, encoded by the GRIN gene family. Of these subunits, GluN2B is suggested to be required for normal development of the central nervous system. A mutation identified in a patient with developmental delay, E413G, resides in the GluN2B ligand-binding domain and substantially reduces glutamate potency by an unknown mechanism. GluN2B Gly413, though near the agonist, is not in van der Waals contact with glutamate. Visual analysis of the GluN2B structure with the E413G mutation modeled suggests that replacement of Glu with Gly at this position increases solvent access to the ligand-binding domain. This was confirmed by molecular modeling, which showed that the ligand is more mobile in GluN2B-E413G than WT GluN2B. Evaluation of agonist occupancy using random accelerated molecular dynamics (RAMD) simulations predicts that the glutamate exits the binding-site more rapidly for GluN2B-E413G than WT receptors. This analysis was extended to other binding-site mutations, which produced qualitative agreement between experimentally determined EC50 values, deactivation time constants, and ligand motion within the binding-site. Furthermore, long sub-microsecond molecular dynamics simulations of the bi-lobed ligand-binding domain revealed that it adopted a cleft-open ligand-free state more often for GluN2B-E413G than wild-type GluN2B. This is consistent with the idea that L-glutamate binding is altered such that the ligand-binding domain occupies the open-cleft conformation associated with the closed channel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gordon Wells
- African Health Research Institute, Steyn Lab, K-RITH Tower, Nelson R. Mandela Medical School, Durban, South Africa
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Hongjie Yuan
- Department of Pharmacology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | | | | | - James P Snyder
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
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29
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MacLean DM, Durham RJ, Jayaraman V. Mapping the Conformational Landscape of Glutamate Receptors Using Single Molecule FRET. Trends Neurosci 2018; 42:128-139. [PMID: 30385052 DOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2018.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Revised: 09/27/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
The ionotropic glutamate receptors mediate excitatory neurotransmission in the mammalian central nervous system. These receptors provide a range of temporally diverse signals which stem from subunit composition and also from the inherent ability of each member to occupy multiple functional states, the distribution of which can be altered by small molecule modulators and binding partners. Hence it becomes essential to characterize the conformational landscape of the receptors under this variety of different conditions. This has recently become possible due to single molecule fluorescence resonance energy transfer measurements, along with the rich foundation of existing structures allowing for direct correlations between conformational and functional diversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- David M MacLean
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Ryan J Durham
- Center for Membrane Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Biochemistry and Cell Biology Graduate Program, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Vasanthi Jayaraman
- Center for Membrane Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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30
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Hansen KB, Yi F, Perszyk RE, Furukawa H, Wollmuth LP, Gibb AJ, Traynelis SF. Structure, function, and allosteric modulation of NMDA receptors. J Gen Physiol 2018; 150:1081-1105. [PMID: 30037851 PMCID: PMC6080888 DOI: 10.1085/jgp.201812032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 332] [Impact Index Per Article: 55.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2018] [Accepted: 07/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Hansen et al. review recent structural data that have provided insight into the function and allosteric modulation of NMDA receptors. NMDA-type glutamate receptors are ligand-gated ion channels that mediate a Ca2+-permeable component of excitatory neurotransmission in the central nervous system (CNS). They are expressed throughout the CNS and play key physiological roles in synaptic function, such as synaptic plasticity, learning, and memory. NMDA receptors are also implicated in the pathophysiology of several CNS disorders and more recently have been identified as a locus for disease-associated genomic variation. NMDA receptors exist as a diverse array of subtypes formed by variation in assembly of seven subunits (GluN1, GluN2A-D, and GluN3A-B) into tetrameric receptor complexes. These NMDA receptor subtypes show unique structural features that account for their distinct functional and pharmacological properties allowing precise tuning of their physiological roles. Here, we review the relationship between NMDA receptor structure and function with an emphasis on emerging atomic resolution structures, which begin to explain unique features of this receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kasper B Hansen
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Center for Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics, University of Montana, Missoula, MT
| | - Feng Yi
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Center for Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics, University of Montana, Missoula, MT
| | - Riley E Perszyk
- Department of Pharmacology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
| | - Hiro Furukawa
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY
| | - Lonnie P Wollmuth
- Departments of Neurobiology & Behavior and Biochemistry & Cell Biology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY
| | - Alasdair J Gibb
- Department of Neuroscience, Physiology and Pharmacology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Stephen F Traynelis
- Department of Pharmacology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
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31
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Drapier T, Geubelle P, Bouckaert C, Nielsen L, Laulumaa S, Goffin E, Dilly S, Francotte P, Hanson J, Pochet L, Kastrup JS, Pirotte B. Enhancing Action of Positive Allosteric Modulators through the Design of Dimeric Compounds. J Med Chem 2018; 61:5279-5291. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.8b00250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Drapier
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Medicines (CIRM), ULiège, Quartier Hôpital, Avenue Hippocrate, 15, B36, B-4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Pierre Geubelle
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Medicines (CIRM), ULiège, Quartier Hôpital, Avenue Hippocrate, 15, B36, B-4000 Liège, Belgium
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, GIGA-Molecular Biology of Diseases, ULiège, B34, Quartier Hôpital, Avenue de l’hôpital, 11, B-4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Charlotte Bouckaert
- NAmur MEdicine & Drug Innovation Center (NAMEDIC), NARILIS, UNamur, rue de Bruxelles 61, B-5000 Namur, Belgium
| | - Lise Nielsen
- Biostructural Research, Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Saara Laulumaa
- Biostructural Research, Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Eric Goffin
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Medicines (CIRM), ULiège, Quartier Hôpital, Avenue Hippocrate, 15, B36, B-4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Sébastien Dilly
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Medicines (CIRM), ULiège, Quartier Hôpital, Avenue Hippocrate, 15, B36, B-4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Pierre Francotte
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Medicines (CIRM), ULiège, Quartier Hôpital, Avenue Hippocrate, 15, B36, B-4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Julien Hanson
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Medicines (CIRM), ULiège, Quartier Hôpital, Avenue Hippocrate, 15, B36, B-4000 Liège, Belgium
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, GIGA-Molecular Biology of Diseases, ULiège, B34, Quartier Hôpital, Avenue de l’hôpital, 11, B-4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Lionel Pochet
- NAmur MEdicine & Drug Innovation Center (NAMEDIC), NARILIS, UNamur, rue de Bruxelles 61, B-5000 Namur, Belgium
| | - Jette Sandholm Kastrup
- Biostructural Research, Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Bernard Pirotte
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Medicines (CIRM), ULiège, Quartier Hôpital, Avenue Hippocrate, 15, B36, B-4000 Liège, Belgium
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32
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Szymańska E, Chałupnik P, Johansen TN, Nielsen B, Cuñado Moral AM, Pickering DS, Więckowska A, Kieć-Kononowicz K. Aryl- and heteroaryl-substituted phenylalanines as AMPA receptor ligands. Chem Biol Drug Des 2017. [PMID: 28636281 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.13048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
A series of racemic unnatural amino acids was rationally designed on the basis of recently published X-ray structures of the GluA2 LBD with bound phenylalanine-based antagonists. Twelve new diaryl- or aryl/heteroaryl-substituted phenylalanine derivatives were synthesized and evaluated in vitro in radioligand binding assays at native rat ionotropic glutamate receptors. The most interesting compound in this series, (RS)-2-amino-3-(3'-hydroxy-5-(1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-[1,1'-biphenyl]-3-yl)propanoic acid 7e, showed the binding affinity of 4.6 μm for native AMPA receptors and over fourfold lower affinity for kainic acid receptors. Furthermore, 7e was evaluated at recombinant homomeric rat GluA2 and GluA3 receptors. Recently reported X-ray structures 5CBR and 5CBS, representing two distinct antagonist binding modes, were used as templates for molecular docking of the synthesized series. Binding data supported with molecular modeling confirmed that aryl/heteroaryl-substituted phenylalanine analogues effectively bind to AMPA receptors with low micromolar affinity and high selectivity over native NMDA and kainate receptors. These properties make 7e a promising lead for the further development of new AMPA receptor ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Szymańska
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Paulina Chałupnik
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Tommy N Johansen
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Birgitte Nielsen
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ana Maria Cuñado Moral
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Darryl S Pickering
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anna Więckowska
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Kieć-Kononowicz
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
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33
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Szymańska E, Nielsen B, Johansen TN, Cuñado Moral AM, Pickering DS, Szczepańska K, Mickowska A, Kieć-Kononowicz K. Pharmacological characterization and binding modes of novel racemic and optically active phenylalanine-based antagonists of AMPA receptors. Eur J Med Chem 2017; 138:874-883. [PMID: 28738307 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2017] [Revised: 06/29/2017] [Accepted: 07/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
In order to map out molecular determinants for the competitive blockade of AMPA receptor subtypes, a series of racemic aryl-substituted phenylalanines was synthesized and pharmacologically characterized in vitro at native rat ionotropic glutamate receptors. Most of the compounds showed micromolar affinity and preference for AMPA receptors. Individual stereoisomers of selected compounds were further evaluated at recombinant homomeric rat GluA2 and GluA3 receptors. The most potent compound, (-)-2-amino-3-(6-chloro-2',5'-dihydroxy-5-nitro-[1,1'-biphenyl]-3-yl)propanoic acid, the expected R-isomer showing Ki of 1.71 μM at the GluA2 subtype, was found to competitively antagonize GluA2(Q)i receptors in TEVC electrophysiological experiments (Kb = 2.13 μM). Molecular docking experiments allowed us to compare two alternative antagonist binding modes for the synthesized phenylalanines at the GluA2 binding core, showing the direction for further structural modifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Szymańska
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, PL 30-688 Kraków, Poland.
| | - Birgitte Nielsen
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Tommy N Johansen
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Ana Maria Cuñado Moral
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Darryl S Pickering
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Katarzyna Szczepańska
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, PL 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Anna Mickowska
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, PL 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Kieć-Kononowicz
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, PL 30-688 Kraków, Poland
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34
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Møllerud S, Pinto A, Marconi L, Frydenvang K, Thorsen TS, Laulumaa S, Venskutonytė R, Winther S, Moral AMC, Tamborini L, Conti P, Pickering DS, Kastrup JS. Structure and Affinity of Two Bicyclic Glutamate Analogues at AMPA and Kainate Receptors. ACS Chem Neurosci 2017; 8:2056-2064. [PMID: 28691798 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.7b00201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Ionotropic glutamate receptors (iGluRs) are involved in most of the fast excitatory synaptic transmission in the central nervous system. These receptors are important for learning and memory formation, but are also involved in the development of diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, epilepsy and depression. To understand the function of different types of iGluRs, selective agonists are invaluable as pharmacological tool compounds. Here, we report binding affinities of two bicyclic, conformationally restricted analogues of glutamate (CIP-AS and LM-12b) at AMPA (GluA2 and GluA3) and kainate receptor subunits (GluK1-3 and GluK5). Both CIP-AS and LM-12b were found to be GluK3-preferring agonists, with Ki of 6 and 22 nM, respectively, at recombinant GluK3 receptors. The detailed binding mode of CIP-AS and LM-12b in the ligand-binding domains of the AMPA receptor subunit GluA2 (GluA2-LBD) and the kainate receptor subunits GluK1 (GluK1-LBD) and GluK3 (GluK3-LBD) was investigated by X-ray crystallography. CIP-AS stabilized all three receptor constructs in conformations similar to those with kainate. Remarkably, whereas LM-12b bound in a similar manner to CIP-AS in GluA2-LBD and GluK3-LBD, it introduced full closure of the ligand-binding domain in GluK1-LBD and formation of a D1-D2 interlobe hydrogen bond between Glu441 and Ser721, as also observed with glutamate. As the binding affinity of LM-12b at GluK1 is ∼8-fold better than that for CIP-AS (Ki of 85 and 656 nM, respectively), it shows that small changes in agonist structure can lead to prominent differences in structure and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stine Møllerud
- Department of Drug
Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Andrea Pinto
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Laura Marconi
- Department of Drug
Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Karla Frydenvang
- Department of Drug
Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Thor Seneca Thorsen
- Department of Drug
Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Saara Laulumaa
- Department of Drug
Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Raminta Venskutonytė
- Department of Drug
Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Sebastian Winther
- Department of Drug
Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ana Maria Cuñado Moral
- Department of Drug
Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lucia Tamborini
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Paola Conti
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Darryl S. Pickering
- Department of Drug
Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jette Sandholm Kastrup
- Department of Drug
Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
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35
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The Challenge of Interpreting Glutamate-Receptor Ion-Channel Structures. Biophys J 2017; 113:2143-2151. [PMID: 28844473 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2017.07.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2017] [Revised: 07/12/2017] [Accepted: 07/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Ion channels activated by glutamate mediate excitatory synaptic transmission in the central nervous system. Similar to other ligand-gated ion channels, their gating cycle begins with transitions from a ligand-free closed state to glutamate-bound active and desensitized states. In an attempt to reveal the molecular mechanisms underlying gating, numerous structures for glutamate receptors have been solved in complexes with agonists, antagonists, allosteric modulators, and auxiliary proteins. The embarrassingly rich library of structures emerging from this work reveals very dynamic molecules with a more complex conformational spectrum than anticipated from functional studies. Unanticipated conformations solved for complexes with competitive antagonists and a lack of understanding of the structural basis for ion channel subconductance states further highlight challenges that have yet to be addressed.
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36
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Greger IH, Watson JF, Cull-Candy SG. Structural and Functional Architecture of AMPA-Type Glutamate Receptors and Their Auxiliary Proteins. Neuron 2017; 94:713-730. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2017.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 169] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2017] [Revised: 04/04/2017] [Accepted: 04/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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37
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Larsen AP, Fièvre S, Frydenvang K, Francotte P, Pirotte B, Kastrup JS, Mulle C. Identification and Structure-Function Study of Positive Allosteric Modulators of Kainate Receptors. Mol Pharmacol 2017; 91:576-585. [DOI: 10.1124/mol.116.107599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2016] [Accepted: 03/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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38
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Martins ACV, de-Lima-Neto P, Caetano EWS, Freire VN. An improved quantum biochemistry description of the glutamate–GluA2 receptor binding within an inhomogeneous dielectric function framework. NEW J CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c6nj03939a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
A new methodology to define the inhomogeneous dielectric constant of protein residues, to apply to the calculation of protein–ligand properties such as the electrostatic interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. C. V. Martins
- Department of Analytical Chemistry and Physical-Chemistry
- Federal University of Ceara
- 60455-760 Fortaleza
- Brazil
| | - P. de-Lima-Neto
- Department of Analytical Chemistry and Physical-Chemistry
- Federal University of Ceara
- 60455-760 Fortaleza
- Brazil
| | - E. W. S. Caetano
- Federal Institute of Education
- Science and Technology of Ceara
- 60040-531 Fortaleza
- Brazil
| | - V. N. Freire
- Department of Physics
- Federal University of Ceara
- 60455-760 Fortaleza
- Brazil
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39
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Hansen KB, Yi F, Perszyk RE, Menniti FS, Traynelis SF. NMDA Receptors in the Central Nervous System. Methods Mol Biol 2017; 1677:1-80. [PMID: 28986865 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-7321-7_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
NMDA-type glutamate receptors are ligand-gated ion channels that mediate a major component of excitatory neurotransmission in the central nervous system (CNS). They are widely distributed at all stages of development and are critically involved in normal brain functions, including neuronal development and synaptic plasticity. NMDA receptors are also implicated in the pathophysiology of numerous neurological and psychiatric disorders, such as ischemic stroke, traumatic brain injury, Alzheimer's disease, epilepsy, mood disorders, and schizophrenia. For these reasons, NMDA receptors have been intensively studied in the past several decades to elucidate their physiological roles and to advance them as therapeutic targets. Seven NMDA receptor subunits exist that assemble into a diverse array of tetrameric receptor complexes, which are differently regulated, have distinct regional and developmental expression, and possess a wide range of functional and pharmacological properties. The diversity in subunit composition creates NMDA receptor subtypes with distinct physiological roles across neuronal cell types and brain regions, and enables precise tuning of synaptic transmission. Here, we will review the relationship between NMDA receptor structure and function, the diversity and significance of NMDA receptor subtypes in the CNS, as well as principles and rules by which NMDA receptors operate in the CNS under normal and pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kasper B Hansen
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT, USA. .,Center for Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics, University of Montana, Missoula, MT, USA.
| | - Feng Yi
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT, USA
| | - Riley E Perszyk
- Department of Pharmacology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Frank S Menniti
- MindImmune Therapeutics, Inc., George & Anne Ryan Institute for Neuroscience, Kingston, RI, USA
| | - Stephen F Traynelis
- Department of Pharmacology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
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40
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Zhu S, Gouaux E. Structure and symmetry inform gating principles of ionotropic glutamate receptors. Neuropharmacology 2016; 112:11-15. [PMID: 27663701 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2016.08.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2016] [Accepted: 08/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Ionotropic glutamate receptors (iGluRs) transduce signals derived from release of the excitatory neurotransmitter glutamate from pre-synaptic neurons into excitation of post-synaptic neurons on a millisecond time-scale. In recent years, the elucidation of full-length iGluR structures of NMDA, AMPA and kainate receptors by X-ray crystallography and single particle cryo-electron microscopy has greatly enhanced our understanding of the interrelationships between receptor architecture and gating mechanism. Here we briefly review full-length iGluR structures and discuss the similarities and differences between NMDA receptors and non-NMDA iGluRs. We focus on distinct conformations, including ligand-free, agonist-bound active, agonist-bound desensitized and antagonist-bound conformations as well as modulator and auxiliary protein-bound states. These findings provide insights into structure-based mechanisms of iGluR gating and modulation which together shape the amplitude and time course of the excitatory postsynaptic potential. This article is part of the Special Issue entitled 'Ionotropic glutamate receptors'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shujia Zhu
- Vollum Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland OR 97239, USA
| | - Eric Gouaux
- Vollum Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland OR 97239, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland OR 97239, USA.
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41
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The Structure of a High-Affinity Kainate Receptor: GluK4 Ligand-Binding Domain Crystallized with Kainate. Structure 2016; 24:1582-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.str.2016.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2016] [Revised: 05/19/2016] [Accepted: 06/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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42
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Larsen AP, Francotte P, Frydenvang K, Tapken D, Goffin E, Fraikin P, Caignard DH, Lestage P, Danober L, Pirotte B, Kastrup JS. Synthesis and Pharmacology of Mono-, Di-, and Trialkyl-Substituted 7-Chloro-3,4-dihydro-2H-1,2,4-benzothiadiazine 1,1-Dioxides Combined with X-ray Structure Analysis to Understand the Unexpected Structure-Activity Relationship at AMPA Receptors. ACS Chem Neurosci 2016; 7:378-90. [PMID: 26771108 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.5b00318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Positive allosteric modulators of 2-amino-3-(3-hydroxy-5-methylisoxazol-4-yl)propionic acid (AMPA)-type ionotropic glutamate receptors are promising compounds for treatment of neurological disorders, for example, Alzheimer's disease. Here, we report synthesis and pharmacological evaluation of a series of mono-, di-, or trialkyl-substituted 7-chloro-3,4-dihydro-2H-1,2,4-benzothiadiazine 1,1-dioxides, comprising in total 16 new modulators. The trisubstituted compounds 7b, 7d, and 7e revealed potent activity (EC2× = 2.7-4.3 μM; concentration of compound responsible for a 2-fold increase of the AMPA mediated response) as AMPA receptor potentiators in an in vitro cellular fluorescence assay (FLIPR). The 4-cyclopropyl compound 7f was found to be considerably less potent (EC2× = 60 μM), in contrast to previously described 4-monoalkyl-substituted benzothiadiazine dioxides for which the cyclopropyl group constitutes the best choice of substituent. 7b was subjected to X-ray structural analysis in complex with the GluA2 ligand-binding domain. We propose an explanation of the unexpected structure-activity relationship of this new series of mono-, di-, and trialkyl-substituted 1,2,4-benzothiadiazine 1,1-dioxide compounds. The methyl substituent in the 3-position directs the binding mode of the 1,2,4-benzothiadiazine 1,1-dioxide (BTD) scaffold. When a methyl substituent is present in the 3-position of the BTD, additional methyl substituents in both the 2- and 4-positions increase potency, whereas introduction of a 4-cyclopropyl group does not enhance potency of 2,3,4-alkyl-substituted BTDs. A hydrogen bond donor in the 2-position of the BTD is not necessary for modulator potency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anja Probst Larsen
- Department
of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken, 2, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Pierre Francotte
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry, Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Medicines
(CIRM), University of Liege, Avenue de l’Hôpital,
1, B36, B-4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Karla Frydenvang
- Department
of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken, 2, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Daniel Tapken
- Department
of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken, 2, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Eric Goffin
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry, Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Medicines
(CIRM), University of Liege, Avenue de l’Hôpital,
1, B36, B-4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Pierre Fraikin
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry, Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Medicines
(CIRM), University of Liege, Avenue de l’Hôpital,
1, B36, B-4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Daniel-Henri Caignard
- Institut de Recherches Servier, Chemin de Ronde, 125, F-78290 Croissy-sur-Seine, France
| | - Pierre Lestage
- Institut de Recherches Servier, Chemin de Ronde, 125, F-78290 Croissy-sur-Seine, France
| | - Laurence Danober
- Institut de Recherches Servier, Chemin de Ronde, 125, F-78290 Croissy-sur-Seine, France
| | - Bernard Pirotte
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry, Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Medicines
(CIRM), University of Liege, Avenue de l’Hôpital,
1, B36, B-4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Jette Sandholm Kastrup
- Department
of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken, 2, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
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Wang SY, Larsen Y, Navarrete CV, Jensen AA, Nielsen B, Al-Musaed A, Frydenvang K, Kastrup JS, Pickering DS, Clausen RP. Tweaking Subtype Selectivity and Agonist Efficacy at (S)-2-Amino-3-(3-hydroxy-5-methyl-isoxazol-4-yl)propionic acid (AMPA) Receptors in a Small Series of BnTetAMPA Analogues. J Med Chem 2016; 59:2244-54. [PMID: 26862980 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.5b01982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A series of analogues of the (S)-2-Amino-3-(3-hydroxy-5-methyl-isoxazol-4-yl)propionic acid (AMPA) receptor agonist BnTetAMPA (5b) were synthesized and characterized pharmacologically in radioligand binding assays at native and cloned AMPA receptors and functionally by two-electrode voltage clamp electrophysiology at the four homomeric AMPA receptors expressed in Xenopus laevis oocytes. The analogues 6 and 7 exhibit very different pharmacological profiles with binding affinity preference for the subtypes GluA1 and GluA3, respectively. X-ray crystal structures of three ligands (6, 7, and 8) in complex with the agonist binding domain (ABD) of GluA2 show that they induce full domain closure despite their low agonist efficacies. Trp767 in GluA2 ABD could be an important determinant for partial agonism of this compound series at AMPA receptors, since agonist efficacy also correlated with the location of the Trp767 side chain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang-Yan Wang
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen , Universitetsparken 2, DK 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Gene Engineering and Biotechnology Beijing Key Laboratory, Beijing Normal University , Beijing 100875, P. R. of China
| | - Younes Larsen
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen , Universitetsparken 2, DK 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Cristina Vara Navarrete
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen , Universitetsparken 2, DK 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anders A Jensen
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen , Universitetsparken 2, DK 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Birgitte Nielsen
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen , Universitetsparken 2, DK 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ali Al-Musaed
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen , Universitetsparken 2, DK 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Karla Frydenvang
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen , Universitetsparken 2, DK 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jette Sandholm Kastrup
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen , Universitetsparken 2, DK 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Darryl S Pickering
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen , Universitetsparken 2, DK 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Rasmus Prætorius Clausen
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen , Universitetsparken 2, DK 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
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AMPA receptor-positive allosteric modulators for the treatment of schizophrenia: an overview of recent patent applications. Future Med Chem 2016; 7:473-91. [PMID: 25875874 DOI: 10.4155/fmc.15.4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of glutamate and its receptors in central nervous system biology and disease has long been of interest to scientists involved in both fundamental research and drug discovery, however the complex pharmacology and lack of highly selective compounds has severely hampered drug discovery efforts in this area. Recent advances in the identification and profiling of positive allosteric modulators of the AMPA receptor offer a potential way forward and the hope of a new treatment for schizophrenia. This article will review recent patent applications published in this area.
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45
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Szymanska E, Frydenvang K, Pickering DS, Krintel C, Nielsen B, Kooshki A, Zachariassen LG, Olsen L, Kastrup JS, Johansen TN. Studies on Aryl-Substituted Phenylalanines: Synthesis, Activity, and Different Binding Modes at AMPA Receptors. J Med Chem 2015; 59:448-61. [PMID: 26653877 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.5b01666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A series of racemic aryl-substituted phenylalanines was synthesized and evaluated in vitro at recombinant rat GluA1-3, at GluK1-3, and at native AMPA receptors. The individual enantiomers of two target compounds, (RS)-2-amino-3-(3,4-dichloro-5-(5-hydroxypyridin-3-yl)phenyl)propanoic acid 37 and (RS)-2-amino-3-(3'-hydroxybiphenyl-3-yl)propanoic acid 38, were characterized. (S)-37 and (R)-38 were identified as the only biologically active isomers, both being antagonists at GluA2 receptors with Kb of 1.80 and 3.90 μM, respectively. To address this difference in enantiopharmacology, not previously seen for amino acid-based AMPA receptor antagonists, X-ray crystal structures of both eutomers in complex with the GluA2 ligand binding domain were solved. The cocrystal structures of (S)-37 and (R)-38 showed similar interactions of the amino acid parts but unexpected and different orientations and interactions of the biaromatic parts of the ligands inside the binding site, with (R)-38 having a binding mode not previously identified for amino acid-based antagonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Szymanska
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen , 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Karla Frydenvang
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen , 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Darryl S Pickering
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen , 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Christian Krintel
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen , 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Birgitte Nielsen
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen , 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ayesheh Kooshki
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen , 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Linda G Zachariassen
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen , 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lars Olsen
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen , 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jette S Kastrup
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen , 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Tommy N Johansen
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen , 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
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46
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Kristensen AS, Hansen KB, Naur P, Olsen L, Kurtkaya NL, Dravid SM, Kvist T, Yi F, Pøhlsgaard J, Clausen RP, Gajhede M, Kastrup JS, Traynelis SF. Pharmacology and Structural Analysis of Ligand Binding to the Orthosteric Site of Glutamate-Like GluD2 Receptors. Mol Pharmacol 2015; 89:253-62. [PMID: 26661043 DOI: 10.1124/mol.115.100909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2015] [Accepted: 12/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The GluD2 receptor is a fundamental component of postsynaptic sites in Purkinje neurons, and is required for normal cerebellar function. GluD2 and the closely related GluD1 are classified as members of the ionotropic glutamate receptor (iGluR) superfamily on the basis of sequence similarity, but do not bind l-glutamate. The amino acid neurotransmitter D-Ser is a GluD2 receptor ligand, and endogenous D-Ser signaling through GluD2 has recently been shown to regulate endocytosis of α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid-type iGluRs during synaptic plasticity in the cerebellum, such as long-term depression. Here, we investigate the pharmacology of the orthosteric binding site in GluD2 by examining the activity of analogs of D-Ser and GluN1 glycine site competitive antagonists at GluD2 receptors containing the lurcher mutation (GluD2(LC)), which promotes spontaneous channel activation. We identify several compounds that modulate GluD2(LC), including a halogenated alanine analog as well as the kynurenic acid analog 7-chloro-4-oxo-1H-quinoline-2-carboxylic acid (7-chlorokynurenic acid; 7-CKA). By correlating thermodynamic and structural data for 7-CKA binding to the isolated GluD2 ligand binding domain (GluD2-LBD), we find that binding 7-CKA to GluD2-LBD differs from D-Ser by inducing an intermediate cleft closure of the clamshell-shaped LBD. The GluD2 ligands identified here can potentially serve as a starting point for development of GluD2-selective ligands useful as tools in studies of the signaling role of the GluD2 receptor in the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anders S Kristensen
- Department of Pharmacology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia (A.S.K., K.B.H., N.L.K., S.M.D., S.F.T.); Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark (A.S.K., P.N., L.O., T.K., J.P., R.P.C., M.G., J.S.K.); and Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, Montana (K.B.H., F.Y.)
| | - Kasper B Hansen
- Department of Pharmacology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia (A.S.K., K.B.H., N.L.K., S.M.D., S.F.T.); Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark (A.S.K., P.N., L.O., T.K., J.P., R.P.C., M.G., J.S.K.); and Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, Montana (K.B.H., F.Y.)
| | - Peter Naur
- Department of Pharmacology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia (A.S.K., K.B.H., N.L.K., S.M.D., S.F.T.); Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark (A.S.K., P.N., L.O., T.K., J.P., R.P.C., M.G., J.S.K.); and Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, Montana (K.B.H., F.Y.)
| | - Lars Olsen
- Department of Pharmacology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia (A.S.K., K.B.H., N.L.K., S.M.D., S.F.T.); Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark (A.S.K., P.N., L.O., T.K., J.P., R.P.C., M.G., J.S.K.); and Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, Montana (K.B.H., F.Y.)
| | - Natalie L Kurtkaya
- Department of Pharmacology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia (A.S.K., K.B.H., N.L.K., S.M.D., S.F.T.); Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark (A.S.K., P.N., L.O., T.K., J.P., R.P.C., M.G., J.S.K.); and Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, Montana (K.B.H., F.Y.)
| | - Shashank M Dravid
- Department of Pharmacology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia (A.S.K., K.B.H., N.L.K., S.M.D., S.F.T.); Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark (A.S.K., P.N., L.O., T.K., J.P., R.P.C., M.G., J.S.K.); and Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, Montana (K.B.H., F.Y.)
| | - Trine Kvist
- Department of Pharmacology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia (A.S.K., K.B.H., N.L.K., S.M.D., S.F.T.); Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark (A.S.K., P.N., L.O., T.K., J.P., R.P.C., M.G., J.S.K.); and Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, Montana (K.B.H., F.Y.)
| | - Feng Yi
- Department of Pharmacology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia (A.S.K., K.B.H., N.L.K., S.M.D., S.F.T.); Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark (A.S.K., P.N., L.O., T.K., J.P., R.P.C., M.G., J.S.K.); and Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, Montana (K.B.H., F.Y.)
| | - Jacob Pøhlsgaard
- Department of Pharmacology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia (A.S.K., K.B.H., N.L.K., S.M.D., S.F.T.); Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark (A.S.K., P.N., L.O., T.K., J.P., R.P.C., M.G., J.S.K.); and Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, Montana (K.B.H., F.Y.)
| | - Rasmus P Clausen
- Department of Pharmacology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia (A.S.K., K.B.H., N.L.K., S.M.D., S.F.T.); Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark (A.S.K., P.N., L.O., T.K., J.P., R.P.C., M.G., J.S.K.); and Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, Montana (K.B.H., F.Y.)
| | - Michael Gajhede
- Department of Pharmacology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia (A.S.K., K.B.H., N.L.K., S.M.D., S.F.T.); Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark (A.S.K., P.N., L.O., T.K., J.P., R.P.C., M.G., J.S.K.); and Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, Montana (K.B.H., F.Y.)
| | - Jette S Kastrup
- Department of Pharmacology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia (A.S.K., K.B.H., N.L.K., S.M.D., S.F.T.); Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark (A.S.K., P.N., L.O., T.K., J.P., R.P.C., M.G., J.S.K.); and Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, Montana (K.B.H., F.Y.)
| | - Stephen F Traynelis
- Department of Pharmacology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia (A.S.K., K.B.H., N.L.K., S.M.D., S.F.T.); Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark (A.S.K., P.N., L.O., T.K., J.P., R.P.C., M.G., J.S.K.); and Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, Montana (K.B.H., F.Y.)
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47
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Krogsgaard-Larsen N, Storgaard M, Møller C, Demmer CS, Hansen J, Han L, Monrad RN, Nielsen B, Tapken D, Pickering DS, Kastrup JS, Frydenvang K, Bunch L. Structure–Activity Relationship Study of Ionotropic Glutamate Receptor Antagonist (2S,3R)-3-(3-Carboxyphenyl)pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic Acid. J Med Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.5b00750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Niels Krogsgaard-Larsen
- Chemical Neuroscience Group, ‡Biostructural Research
Group, §Medicinal
Chemistry Group, ∥Molecular, Cellular Pharmacology Group, Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Morten Storgaard
- Chemical Neuroscience Group, ‡Biostructural Research
Group, §Medicinal
Chemistry Group, ∥Molecular, Cellular Pharmacology Group, Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Charlotte Møller
- Chemical Neuroscience Group, ‡Biostructural Research
Group, §Medicinal
Chemistry Group, ∥Molecular, Cellular Pharmacology Group, Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Charles S. Demmer
- Chemical Neuroscience Group, ‡Biostructural Research
Group, §Medicinal
Chemistry Group, ∥Molecular, Cellular Pharmacology Group, Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Jeanette Hansen
- Chemical Neuroscience Group, ‡Biostructural Research
Group, §Medicinal
Chemistry Group, ∥Molecular, Cellular Pharmacology Group, Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Liwei Han
- Chemical Neuroscience Group, ‡Biostructural Research
Group, §Medicinal
Chemistry Group, ∥Molecular, Cellular Pharmacology Group, Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Rune N. Monrad
- Chemical Neuroscience Group, ‡Biostructural Research
Group, §Medicinal
Chemistry Group, ∥Molecular, Cellular Pharmacology Group, Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Birgitte Nielsen
- Chemical Neuroscience Group, ‡Biostructural Research
Group, §Medicinal
Chemistry Group, ∥Molecular, Cellular Pharmacology Group, Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Daniel Tapken
- Chemical Neuroscience Group, ‡Biostructural Research
Group, §Medicinal
Chemistry Group, ∥Molecular, Cellular Pharmacology Group, Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Darryl S. Pickering
- Chemical Neuroscience Group, ‡Biostructural Research
Group, §Medicinal
Chemistry Group, ∥Molecular, Cellular Pharmacology Group, Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Jette S. Kastrup
- Chemical Neuroscience Group, ‡Biostructural Research
Group, §Medicinal
Chemistry Group, ∥Molecular, Cellular Pharmacology Group, Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Karla Frydenvang
- Chemical Neuroscience Group, ‡Biostructural Research
Group, §Medicinal
Chemistry Group, ∥Molecular, Cellular Pharmacology Group, Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Lennart Bunch
- Chemical Neuroscience Group, ‡Biostructural Research
Group, §Medicinal
Chemistry Group, ∥Molecular, Cellular Pharmacology Group, Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
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48
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Demmer CS, Møller C, Brown PMGE, Han L, Pickering DS, Nielsen B, Bowie D, Frydenvang K, Kastrup JS, Bunch L. Binding mode of an α-amino acid-linked quinoxaline-2,3-dione analogue at glutamate receptor subtype GluK1. ACS Chem Neurosci 2015; 6:845-54. [PMID: 25856736 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.5b00038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Two α-amino acid-functionalized quinoxalines, 1a (CNG-10301) and 1b (CNG-10300), of a quinoxaline moiety coupled to an amino acid moiety were designed, synthesized, and characterized pharmacologically. While 1a displayed low affinity at native AMPA, KA, and NMDA receptors, and at homomeric GluK1,3 receptors, the affinity for GluK2 was in the midmicromolar range (Ki = 136 μM), 1b displayed low to midmicromolar range binding affinity at all the iGluRs (Ki = 9-126 μM). In functional experiments (outside-out patches excised from transfected HEK293T cells), 100 μM 1a partially blocked GluK1 (33% peak response), while GluK2 was unaffected (96% peak response). Furthermore, 1a was shown not to be an agonist at GluK1 and GluK2 at 100 μM. On the other hand, 100 μM 1b fully antagonized GluK1 (8% peak response) but only partially blocked GluK2 (33% peak response). An X-ray structure at 2.3 Å resolution of 1b in the GluK1-LBD (ligand-binding domain) disclosed an unexpected binding mode compared to the predictions made during the design phase; the quinoxaline moiety remains to act as an amino acid bioisostere, but the amino acid moiety is oriented into a new area within the GluK1 receptor. The structure of the GluK1-LBD with 1b showed a large variation in domain openings of the three molecules from 25° to 49°, demonstrating that the GluK1-LBD is capable of undergoing major domain movements.
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49
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Lima Neto JX, Fulco UL, Albuquerque EL, Corso G, Bezerra EM, Caetano EWS, da Costa RF, Freire VN. A quantum biochemistry investigation of willardiine partial agonism in AMPA receptors. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2015; 17:13092-103. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cp05630b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We employ quantum biochemistry methods based on the Density Functional Theory (DFT) approach to unveil detailed binding energy features of willardiines co-crystallized with the AMPA receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- José X. Lima Neto
- Departamento de Biofísica e Farmacologia
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte
- Natal-RN
- Brazil
| | - Umberto L. Fulco
- Departamento de Biofísica e Farmacologia
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte
- Natal-RN
- Brazil
| | | | - Gilberto Corso
- Departamento de Biofísica e Farmacologia
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte
- Natal-RN
- Brazil
| | - Eveline M. Bezerra
- Departamento de Biofísica e Farmacologia
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte
- Natal-RN
- Brazil
| | | | - Roner F. da Costa
- Departamento de Física
- Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido
- 59780-000 Caraúbas-RN
- Brazil
| | - Valder N. Freire
- Departamento de Física
- Universidade Federal do Ceará
- Fortaleza-CE
- Brazil
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50
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NMDA receptor structures reveal subunit arrangement and pore architecture. Nature 2014; 511:191-7. [PMID: 25008524 PMCID: PMC4263351 DOI: 10.1038/nature13548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 380] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2014] [Accepted: 06/04/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptors are Hebbian-like coincidence detectors, requiring binding of glycine and glutamate in combination with the relief of voltage-dependent magnesium block to open an ion conductive pore across the membrane bilayer. Despite the importance of the NMDA receptor in the development and function of the brain, a molecular structure of an intact receptor has remained elusive. Here we present x-ray crystal structures of the GluN1/GluN2B NMDA receptor with the allosteric inhibitor, Ro25-6981, partial agonists and the ion channel blocker, MK-801. Receptor subunits are arranged in a 1-2-1-2 fashion, demonstrating extensive interactions between the amino terminal and ligand binding domains. The transmembrane domains harbor a closed-blocked ion channel, a pyramidal central vestibule lined by residues implicated in binding ion channel blockers and magnesium, and a ~2-fold symmetric arrangement of ion channel pore loops. These structures provide new insights into the architecture, allosteric coupling and ion channel function of NMDA receptors.
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