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Noll JM, Sherafat AA, Ford GD, Ford BD. The case for neuregulin-1 as a clinical treatment for stroke. Front Cell Neurosci 2024; 18:1325630. [PMID: 38638304 PMCID: PMC11024452 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2024.1325630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is the leading cause of serious long-term disability and the 5th leading cause of death in the United States. Revascularization of the occluded cerebral artery, either by thrombolysis or endovascular thrombectomy, is the only effective, clinically-approved stroke therapy. Several potentially neuroprotective agents, including glutamate antagonists, anti-inflammatory compounds and free radical scavenging agents were shown to be effective neuroprotectants in preclinical animal models of brain ischemia. However, these compounds did not demonstrate efficacy in clinical trials with human patients following stroke. Proposed reasons for the translational failure include an insufficient understanding on the cellular and molecular pathophysiology of ischemic stroke, lack of alignment between preclinical and clinical studies and inappropriate design of clinical trials based on the preclinical findings. Therefore, novel neuroprotective treatments must be developed based on a clearer understanding of the complex spatiotemporal mechanisms of ischemic stroke and with proper clinical trial design based on the preclinical findings from specific animal models of stroke. We and others have demonstrated the clinical potential for neuregulin-1 (NRG-1) in preclinical stroke studies. NRG-1 significantly reduced ischemia-induced neuronal death, neuroinflammation and oxidative stress in rodent stroke models with a therapeutic window of >13 h. Clinically, NRG-1 was shown to be safe in human patients and improved cardiac function in multisite phase II studies for heart failure. This review summarizes previous stroke clinical candidates and provides evidence that NRG-1 represents a novel, safe, neuroprotective strategy that has potential therapeutic value in treating individuals after acute ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica M. Noll
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, University of California-Riverside School of Medicine, Riverside, CA, United States
- Nanostring Technologies, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Arya A. Sherafat
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, University of California-Riverside School of Medicine, Riverside, CA, United States
| | - Gregory D. Ford
- Southern University-New Orleans, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Byron D. Ford
- Department of Anatomy, Howard University College of Medicine, Washington, DC, United States
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Chambliss C, Stiles JK, Gee BE. Neuregulin-1 attenuates hemolysis- and ischemia induced-cerebrovascular inflammation associated with sickle cell disease. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2023; 32:106912. [PMID: 36473396 PMCID: PMC10448832 DOI: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2022.106912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Individuals with sickle cell disease (SCD) are at severely heightened risk for cerebrovascular injury and acute cerebrovascular events, including ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke, potentially leading to impaired development and life-long physical and cognitive disabilities. Cerebrovascular injury specific to SCD includes inflammation caused by underlying conditions of chronic hemolysis and reduced cerebrovascular perfusion. The objectives of this study were to investigate whether expression of neuregulin-1β (NRG-1), an endogenous neuroprotective polypeptide, is increased in SCD or experimental conditions mimicking the hemolysis and ischemic conditions of SCD, and to determine if treatment with exogenous NRG-1 reduces markers of cerebrovascular inflammation. MATERIALS AND METHODS Plasma and brain-specific NRG-1 levels were measured in transgenic SCD mice. Endogenous NRG-1 levels and response to experimental conditions of excess heme and ischemia were measured in cultured human brain microvascular cells and astrocytes. Pre-treatment with NRG-1 was used to determine NRG-1's ability to ameliorate resultant cerebrovascular inflammation. RESULTS Plasma and brain-specific NRG-1 were elevated in transgenic SCD mice compared to healthy controls. Neuregulin-1 expression was significantly increased in cultured human microvascular cells and astrocytes exposed to excess heme and ischemia. Pre-treatment with NRG-1 reduced inflammatory chemokine (CXCL-1 and CXCL-10) and adhesion molecule (ICAM-1 and VCAM-1) expression and increased pro-angiogenic factors (VEGF-A) in microvascular cells and astrocytes exposed to excess heme and ischemia. CONCLUSIONS Elevated NRG-1 in SCD is likely a protective endogenous response to ongoing cerebrovascular insults caused by chronic hemolysis and reduced cerebrovascular perfusion. Administration of NRG-1 to reduce cerebrovascular inflammation may be therapeutically beneficial in SCD and warrants continued investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Chambliss
- Pediatrics Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, 2015 Uppergate Drive, Atlanta, GA 30322, United States; Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, 2015 Uppergate Drive, Atlanta, GA 30322, United States; Cardiovascular Research Institute, Morehouse School of Medicine, 720 Westview Drive SW, Atlanta, GA 30310, United States.
| | - Jonathan K Stiles
- Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry, and Immunology, Morehouse School of Medicine, 720 Westview Drive SW, Atlanta, GA 30310, United States.
| | - Beatrice E Gee
- Pediatrics Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, 2015 Uppergate Drive, Atlanta, GA 30322, United States; Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, 2015 Uppergate Drive, Atlanta, GA 30322, United States; Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, 35 Jesse Hill Jr Drive SE, Atlanta, GA 30303, United States; Department of Pediatrics, Morehouse School of Medicine, 720 Westview Drive SW, Atlanta, GA 30310, United States
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Zhai QY, Ren YQ, Ni QS, Song ZH, Ge KL, Guo YL. Transplantation of Human Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cells-Derived Neural Stem Cells Pretreated with Neuregulin1β Ameliorate Cerebral Ischemic Reperfusion Injury in Rats. Biomolecules 2022; 12:428. [PMID: 35327620 PMCID: PMC8945978 DOI: 10.3390/biom12030428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is a common cerebrovascular disease and recovering blood flow as early as possible is essential to reduce ischemic damage and maintain neuronal viability, but the reperfusion process usually causes additional damage to the brain tissue in the ischemic area, namely ischemia reperfusion injury. The accumulated studies have revealed that transplantation of exogenous neural stem cells (NSCs) is an ideal choice for the treatment of ischemia reperfusion injury. At present, the source and efficacy of exogenous NSCs after transplantation is still one of the key issues that need to be resolved. In this study, human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUC-MSCs) were obtained and induced into NSCs byadding growth factor and neuregulin1β (NRG1β) was introduced during the differentiation process of NSCs. Then, the rat middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (MCAO/R) models were established, and the therapeutic effects were evaluated among groups treated by NRG1β, NSCs and NSCs pretreated with 10 nM NRG1β (NSCs-10 nM NRG1β) achieved through intra-arterial injection. Our data show that the NSCs-10 nM NRG1β group significantly improves neurobehavioral function and infarct volume after MCAO/R, as well as cerebral cortical neuron injury, ferroptosis-related indexes and mitochondrial injury. Additionally, NSCs-10 nM NRG1β intervention may function through regulating the p53/GPX4/SLC7A11 pathway, and reducing the level of ferroptosis in cells, further enhance the neuroprotective effect on injured cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiu-Yue Zhai
- Institute of Cerebrovascular Diseases, Medical Research Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Taishan Scholars Construction Project Excellent Innovative Team of Shandong Province, Qingdao 266003, China; (Q.-Y.Z.); (Y.-Q.R.); (Q.-S.N.)
| | - Yu-Qian Ren
- Institute of Cerebrovascular Diseases, Medical Research Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Taishan Scholars Construction Project Excellent Innovative Team of Shandong Province, Qingdao 266003, China; (Q.-Y.Z.); (Y.-Q.R.); (Q.-S.N.)
| | - Qin-Shuai Ni
- Institute of Cerebrovascular Diseases, Medical Research Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Taishan Scholars Construction Project Excellent Innovative Team of Shandong Province, Qingdao 266003, China; (Q.-Y.Z.); (Y.-Q.R.); (Q.-S.N.)
| | - Zhen-Hua Song
- Institute of Pharmacology, Qingdao Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China;
| | - Ke-Li Ge
- Institute of Integrative Medicine, Qingdao Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China;
| | - Yun-Liang Guo
- Institute of Cerebrovascular Diseases, Medical Research Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Taishan Scholars Construction Project Excellent Innovative Team of Shandong Province, Qingdao 266003, China; (Q.-Y.Z.); (Y.-Q.R.); (Q.-S.N.)
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Vega-Torres JD, Ontiveros-Angel P, Terrones E, Stuffle EC, Solak S, Tyner E, Oropeza M, dela Peña I, Obenaus A, Ford BD, Figueroa JD. Short-term exposure to an obesogenic diet during adolescence elicits anxiety-related behavior and neuroinflammation: modulatory effects of exogenous neuregulin-1. Transl Psychiatry 2022; 12:83. [PMID: 35220393 PMCID: PMC8882169 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-022-01788-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Revised: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Childhood obesity leads to hippocampal atrophy and altered cognition. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying these impairments are poorly understood. The neurotrophic factor neuregulin-1 (NRG1) and its cognate ErbB4 receptor play critical roles in hippocampal maturation and function. This study aimed to determine whether exogenous NRG1 administration reduces hippocampal abnormalities and neuroinflammation in rats exposed to an obesogenic Western-like diet (WD). Lewis rats were randomly divided into four groups (12 rats/group): (1) control diet+vehicle (CDV); (2) CD + NRG1 (CDN) (daily intraperitoneal injections: 5 μg/kg/day; between postnatal day, PND 21-PND 41); (3) WD + VEH (WDV); (4) WD + NRG1 (WDN). Neurobehavioral assessments were performed at PND 43-49. Brains were harvested for MRI and molecular analyses at PND 49. We found that NRG1 administration reduced hippocampal volume (7%) and attenuated hippocampal-dependent cued fear conditioning in CD rats (56%). NRG1 administration reduced PSD-95 protein expression (30%) and selectively reduced hippocampal cytokine levels (IL-33, GM-CSF, CCL-2, IFN-γ) while significantly impacting microglia morphology (increased span ratio and reduced circularity). WD rats exhibited reduced right hippocampal volume (7%), altered microglia morphology (reduced density and increased lacunarity), and increased levels of cytokines implicated in neuroinflammation (IL-1α, TNF-α, IL-6). Notably, NRG1 synergized with the WD to increase hippocampal ErbB4 phosphorylation and the tumor necrosis alpha converting enzyme (TACE/ADAM17) protein levels. Although the results did not provide sufficient evidence to conclude that exogenous NRG1 administration is beneficial to alleviate obesity-related outcomes in adolescent rats, we identified a potential novel interaction between obesogenic diet exposure and TACE/ADAM17-NRG1-ErbB4 signaling during hippocampal maturation. Our results indicate that supraoptimal ErbB4 activities may contribute to the abnormal hippocampal structure and cognitive vulnerabilities observed in obese individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julio David Vega-Torres
- grid.43582.380000 0000 9852 649XCenter for Health Disparities and Molecular Medicine and Department of Basic Sciences, Physiology Division, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University Health School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA USA
| | - Perla Ontiveros-Angel
- grid.43582.380000 0000 9852 649XCenter for Health Disparities and Molecular Medicine and Department of Basic Sciences, Physiology Division, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University Health School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA USA
| | - Esmeralda Terrones
- grid.43582.380000 0000 9852 649XCenter for Health Disparities and Molecular Medicine and Department of Basic Sciences, Physiology Division, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University Health School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA USA
| | - Erwin C. Stuffle
- grid.43582.380000 0000 9852 649XCenter for Health Disparities and Molecular Medicine and Department of Basic Sciences, Physiology Division, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University Health School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA USA
| | - Sara Solak
- grid.43582.380000 0000 9852 649XDepartment of Pharmaceutical and Administrative Sciences, Loma Linda University Health School of Pharmacy, Loma Linda, CA USA
| | - Emma Tyner
- grid.43582.380000 0000 9852 649XDepartment of Pharmaceutical and Administrative Sciences, Loma Linda University Health School of Pharmacy, Loma Linda, CA USA
| | - Marie Oropeza
- grid.43582.380000 0000 9852 649XDepartment of Pharmaceutical and Administrative Sciences, Loma Linda University Health School of Pharmacy, Loma Linda, CA USA
| | - Ike dela Peña
- grid.43582.380000 0000 9852 649XDepartment of Pharmaceutical and Administrative Sciences, Loma Linda University Health School of Pharmacy, Loma Linda, CA USA
| | - Andre Obenaus
- grid.266093.80000 0001 0668 7243Department of Pediatrics, University of California-Irvine, Irvine, CA USA
| | - Byron D. Ford
- grid.266097.c0000 0001 2222 1582Division of Biomedical Sciences, University of California-Riverside School of Medicine, Riverside, CA USA
| | - Johnny D. Figueroa
- grid.43582.380000 0000 9852 649XCenter for Health Disparities and Molecular Medicine and Department of Basic Sciences, Physiology Division, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University Health School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA USA
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Jalilzad M, Jafari A, Babaei P. Neuregulin1β improves both spatial and associative learning and memory in Alzheimer model of rats possibly through signaling pathways other than Erk1/2. Neuropeptides 2019; 78:101963. [PMID: 31522857 DOI: 10.1016/j.npep.2019.101963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2019] [Revised: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 09/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neuregulin-1β (NRG1 β) is associated with various neurological disorders such as schizophrenia, depression and Parkinson's disease. However, its role in Alzheimer's (AD) has not been understood yet. Here, we have studied the effect of NRG1 β and extracellular-signal-regulated kinase (ERK) signaling on special and associative memories and emotional stress in AD model of rats. METHODS Fifty six male Wistar rats were divided into eight groups of: Saline + Saline, Aβ + Saline, Aβ + NRG1β (5 μg/5 ul), Aβ + PBS, Aβ + NRG1β + PD98059 (PD, 5 μg/2 μl), Aβ + NRG1β + Saline and Saline + PD. AD model was induced by intracerebroventricular (ICV) injection of beta-amyloid protein (Aβ1-42, 4 μg/2 μl). The cognitive performances of rats were evaluated using Morris Water Maze (MWM) and Step through passive avoidance. Also locomotors activity and emotionality of animals were considered in an Open field test. Data were analyzed by one way Anova one way, repeated measure and T-test. RESULTS Significant improvement was found in spatial learning and memory assessed by total time spent in target quadrant [F (4, 32) = 12.4, p = 0.001], escape latency [F (4, 32) = 15.767, p = 0.001] and distance moved [F (4, 32) = 5.55, p = 0.002], in Aβ + NRG1β compared with Aβ + Saline in MWM. Also Aβ + NRG1β showed long latencies to enter into the dark compartment [F (4, 32) = 6.43, p = 0.001], but short time spent [F (4, 32) =6.93, p = 0.001] compared with control. Administration of an ERK inhibitor (PD98059, 5 μg, 15 min before NRG1β) didn't completely block learning memory restored by NRG1β in AD model (p = 0.7). No significant between groups differences was found in emotional stress characteristics in open field, except the grooming numbers which were higher in Saline + PD compared with Saline + Saline (p = 0.02). CONCLUSION Our findings indicate that NRG1β restores cognitive dysfunctions induced by amyloid β through signaling pathways possibly other than Erk1/2, with no significant change in anxiety, locomotion and vegetative activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marzieh Jalilzad
- Cellular & Molecular Research Center, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran; Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Adele Jafari
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran; Neuroscience Research Center, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Parvin Babaei
- Cellular & Molecular Research Center, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran; Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran; Neuroscience Research Center, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.
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Restoring wild-type-like CA1 network dynamics and behavior during adulthood in a mouse model of schizophrenia. Nat Neurosci 2018; 21:1412-1420. [PMID: 30224804 DOI: 10.1038/s41593-018-0225-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2018] [Accepted: 07/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Schizophrenia is a severely debilitating neurodevelopmental disorder. Establishing a causal link between circuit dysfunction and particular behavioral traits that are relevant to schizophrenia is crucial to shed new light on the mechanisms underlying the pathology. We studied an animal model of the human 22q11 deletion syndrome, the mutation that represents the highest genetic risk of developing schizophrenia. We observed a desynchronization of hippocampal neuronal assemblies that resulted from parvalbumin interneuron hypoexcitability. Rescuing parvalbumin interneuron excitability with pharmacological or chemogenetic approaches was sufficient to restore wild-type-like CA1 network dynamics and hippocampal-dependent behavior during adulthood. In conclusion, our data provide insights into the network dysfunction underlying schizophrenia and highlight the use of reverse engineering to restore physiological and behavioral phenotypes in an animal model of neurodevelopmental disorder.
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7
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Antibody-mediated stabilization of NRG1 induces behavioral and electrophysiological alterations in adult mice. Sci Rep 2018; 8:8239. [PMID: 29844389 PMCID: PMC5974084 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-26492-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2017] [Accepted: 05/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuregulin 1 (NRG1) is required for development of the central and peripheral nervous system and regulates neurotransmission in the adult. NRG1 and the gene encoding its receptor, ERBB4, are risk genes for schizophrenia, although how alterations in these genes disrupt their function has not been fully established. Studies of knockout and transgenic mice have yielded conflicting results, with both gain and loss of function resulting in similar behavioral and electrophysiological phenotypes. Here, we used high affinity antibodies to NRG1 and ErbB4 to perturb the function of the endogenous proteins in adult mice. Treatment with NRG1 antibodies that block receptor binding caused behavioral alterations associated with schizophrenia, including, hyper-locomotion and impaired pre-pulse inhibition of startle (PPI). Electrophysiological analysis of brain slices from anti-NRG1 treated mice revealed reduced synaptic transmission and enhanced paired-pulse facilitation. In contrast, mice treated with more potent ErbB4 function blocking antibodies did not display behavioral alterations, suggesting a receptor independent mechanism of the anti-NRG1-induced phenotypes. We demonstrate that anti-NRG1 causes accumulation of the full-length transmembrane protein and increases phospho-cofilin levels, which has previously been linked to impaired synaptic transmission, indicating enhancement of non-canonical NRG1 signaling could mediate the CNS effects.
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8
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Liu M, Solomon W, Cespedes JC, Wilson NO, Ford B, Stiles JK. Neuregulin-1 attenuates experimental cerebral malaria (ECM) pathogenesis by regulating ErbB4/AKT/STAT3 signaling. J Neuroinflammation 2018; 15:104. [PMID: 29636063 PMCID: PMC5894207 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-018-1147-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Accepted: 04/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Human cerebral malaria (HCM) is a severe form of malaria characterized by sequestration of infected erythrocytes (IRBCs) in brain microvessels, increased levels of circulating free heme and pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, brain swelling, vascular dysfunction, coma, and increased mortality. Neuregulin-1β (NRG-1) encoded by the gene NRG1, is a member of a family of polypeptide growth factors required for normal development of the nervous system and the heart. Utilizing an experimental cerebral malaria (ECM) model (Plasmodium berghei ANKA in C57BL/6), we reported that NRG-1 played a cytoprotective role in ECM and that circulating levels were inversely correlated with ECM severity. Intravenous infusion of NRG-1 reduced ECM mortality in mice by promoting a robust anti-inflammatory response coupled with reduction in accumulation of IRBCs in microvessels and reduced tissue damage. Methods In the current study, we examined how NRG-1 treatment attenuates pathogenesis and mortality associated with ECM. We examined whether NRG-1 protects against CXCL10- and heme-induced apoptosis using human brain microvascular endothelial (hCMEC/D3) cells and M059K neuroglial cells. hCMEC/D3 cells grown in a monolayer and a co-culture system with 30 μM heme and NRG-1 (100 ng/ml) were used to examine the role of NRG-1 on blood brain barrier (BBB) integrity. Using the in vivo ECM model, we examined whether the reduction of mortality was associated with the activation of ErbB4 and AKT and inactivation of STAT3 signaling pathways. For data analysis, unpaired t test or one-way ANOVA with Dunnett’s or Bonferroni’s post test was applied. Results We determined that NRG-1 protects against cell death/apoptosis of human brain microvascular endothelial cells and neroglial cells, the two major components of BBB. NRG-1 treatment improved heme-induced disruption of the in vitro BBB model consisting of hCMEC/D3 and human M059K cells. In the ECM murine model, NRG-1 treatment stimulated ErbB4 phosphorylation (pErbB4) followed by activation of AKT and inactivation of STAT3, which attenuated ECM mortality. Conclusions Our results indicate a potential pathway by which NRG-1 treatment maintains BBB integrity in vitro, attenuates ECM-induced tissue injury, and reduces mortality. Furthermore, we postulate that augmenting NRG-1 during ECM therapy may be an effective adjunctive therapy to reduce CNS tissue injury and potentially increase the effectiveness of current anti-malaria therapy against human cerebral malaria (HCM).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingli Liu
- Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry and Immunology, Morehouse School of Medicine, 720 Westview Drive SW, Atlanta, GA, 30310, USA.
| | - Wesley Solomon
- Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry and Immunology, Morehouse School of Medicine, 720 Westview Drive SW, Atlanta, GA, 30310, USA
| | - Juan Carlos Cespedes
- Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry and Immunology, Morehouse School of Medicine, 720 Westview Drive SW, Atlanta, GA, 30310, USA
| | - Nana O Wilson
- Fogarty Global Health Fellow (UJMT), Morehouse School of Medicine, 720 Westview Drive SW, Atlanta, GA, 30310, USA
| | - Byron Ford
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, University of California-Riverside School of Medicine, 900 University Ave, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA
| | - Jonathan K Stiles
- Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry and Immunology, Morehouse School of Medicine, 720 Westview Drive SW, Atlanta, GA, 30310, USA.
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Xu J, Hartley BJ, Kurup P, Phillips A, Topol A, Xu M, Ononenyi C, Foscue E, Ho SM, Baguley TD, Carty N, Barros CS, Müller U, Gupta S, Gochman P, Rapoport J, Ellman JA, Pittenger C, Aronow B, Nairn AC, Nestor MW, Lombroso PJ, Brennand KJ. Inhibition of STEP 61 ameliorates deficits in mouse and hiPSC-based schizophrenia models. Mol Psychiatry 2018; 23:271-281. [PMID: 27752082 PMCID: PMC5395367 DOI: 10.1038/mp.2016.163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2015] [Revised: 07/13/2016] [Accepted: 08/11/2016] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The brain-specific tyrosine phosphatase, STEP (STriatal-Enriched protein tyrosine Phosphatase) is an important regulator of synaptic function. STEP normally opposes synaptic strengthening by increasing N-methyl D-aspartate glutamate receptor (NMDAR) internalization through dephosphorylation of GluN2B and inactivation of the kinases extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 and Fyn. Here we show that STEP61 is elevated in the cortex in the Nrg1+/- knockout mouse model of schizophrenia (SZ). Genetic reduction or pharmacological inhibition of STEP prevents the loss of NMDARs from synaptic membranes and reverses behavioral deficits in Nrg1+/- mice. STEP61 protein is also increased in cortical lysates from the central nervous system-specific ErbB2/4 mouse model of SZ, as well as in human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC)-derived forebrain neurons and Ngn2-induced excitatory neurons, from two independent SZ patient cohorts. In these selected SZ models, increased STEP61 protein levels likely reflect reduced ubiquitination and degradation. These convergent findings from mouse and hiPSC SZ models provide evidence for STEP61 dysfunction in SZ.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Xu
- Child Study Center, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - B J Hartley
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA,Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - P Kurup
- Child Study Center, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - A Phillips
- Hussman Institute for Autism, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - A Topol
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA,Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - M Xu
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - C Ononenyi
- Child Study Center, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - E Foscue
- Child Study Center, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - S-M Ho
- Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA,Department of Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - T D Baguley
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - N Carty
- Child Study Center, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - C S Barros
- Dorris Neuroscience Center, Department of Cell Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA,Plymouth University School of Medicine, Plymouth UK
| | - U Müller
- Dorris Neuroscience Center, Department of Cell Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - S Gupta
- UC Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - P Gochman
- Childhood Psychiatry Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - J Rapoport
- Childhood Psychiatry Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - J A Ellman
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - C Pittenger
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - B Aronow
- UC Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - A C Nairn
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - M W Nestor
- Hussman Institute for Autism, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - P J Lombroso
- Child Study Center, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA,Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA,Department of Neurobiology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA,Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA E-mail:
| | - K J Brennand
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA,Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA,Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA,Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1425 Madison Avenue, New York, NY, 10029, USA. E-mail:
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Liu J, Allender E, Wang J, Simpson EH, Loeb JA, Song F. Slowing disease progression in the SOD1 mouse model of ALS by blocking neuregulin-induced microglial activation. Neurobiol Dis 2017; 111:118-126. [PMID: 29278738 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2017.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2017] [Revised: 11/05/2017] [Accepted: 12/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
There are no effective treatments to slow disease progression in ALS. We previously reported that neuregulin (NRG) receptors are constitutively activated on microglia in the ventral horns in both ALS patients and SOD1 mice and in the corticospinal tracts of ALS patients, and that NRG receptor activation occurs prior to significant clinical disease onset in SOD1 mice. Here, we hypothesize that blocking NRG signaling on microglia would slow disease progression in SOD1 mice using a targeted NRG antagonist (HBD-S-H4). Recombinant HBD-S-H4 directly delivered into the central nervous system (CNS) through implanted intracerebroventricular cannulas showed no signs of toxicity and significantly inhibited NRG receptor activation on microglia resulting in reduced microglial activation and motor neuron loss. The treatment also resulted in a delay in disease onset and an increase in survival. The therapeutic effect was dose-dependent that varied as a function of genetic background in two different strains of SOD1 mice. As a complementary drug delivery approach, transgenic mice expressing HBD-S-H4 driven by an astrocytic promoter (GFAP) had slower disease progression in a dose dependent manner, based on the level of HBD-S-H4 expression. These studies provide mechanistic insights into how NRG signaling on microglia may lead to disease progression and demonstrate the utility of a humanized fusion protein that blocks NRG as a novel therapeutic for human ALS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianguo Liu
- Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation, University of Illinois at Chicago, IL 60612, United States
| | - Elise Allender
- Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation, University of Illinois at Chicago, IL 60612, United States
| | - Jiajing Wang
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, United States
| | - Eleanor H Simpson
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, United States
| | - Jeffrey A Loeb
- Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation, University of Illinois at Chicago, IL 60612, United States
| | - Fei Song
- Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation, University of Illinois at Chicago, IL 60612, United States.
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Neuregulin-Dependent Regulation of Fast-Spiking Interneuron Excitability Controls the Timing of the Critical Period. J Neurosci 2017; 36:10285-10295. [PMID: 27707966 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.4242-15.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2015] [Accepted: 08/01/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Maturation of excitatory drive onto fast-spiking interneurons (FS INs) in the visual cortex has been implicated in the control of the timing of the critical period for ocular dominance plasticity. However, the mechanisms that regulate the strength of these synapses over cortical development are not understood. Here we use a mouse model to show that neuregulin (NRG) and the receptor tyrosine kinase erbB4 regulate the timing of the critical period. NRG1 enhanced the strength of excitatory synapses onto FS INs, which inhibited ocular dominance plasticity during the critical period but rescued plasticity in transgenics with hypoexcitable FS INs. Blocking the effects of endogenous neuregulin via inhibition of erbBs rescued ocular dominance plasticity in postcritical period adults, allowing recovery from amblyopia induced by chronic monocular deprivation. Thus, the strength of excitation onto FS INs is a key determinant of critical period plasticity and is maintained at high levels by NRG-erbB4 signaling to constrain plasticity in adulthood. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Despite decades of experimentation, the mechanisms by which critical periods of enhanced synaptic plasticity are initiated and terminated are not completely understood. Here we show that neuregulin (NRG) and the receptor tyrosine kinase erbB4 determine critical period timing by controlling the strength of excitatory synapses onto FS INs. NRG1 enhanced excitatory drive onto fast spiking interneurons, which inhibited ocular dominance plasticity in juveniles but rescued plasticity in transgenics with hypoexcitable FS INs. Blocking the effects of endogenous neuregulin via inhibition of erbBs rescued ocular dominance plasticity in adults, allowing recovery from amblyopia induced by chronic monocular deprivation. Thus, in contrast to prevailing views of the termination of the critical period, active maintenance of strong excitation onto FS INs constrains plasticity in adults.
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Neuregulin 1 Attenuates Neuronal Apoptosis Induced by Deep Hypothermic Circulatory Arrest Through ErbB4 Signaling in Rats. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2016; 66:551-7. [PMID: 26647012 DOI: 10.1097/fjc.0000000000000303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Mounting evidence suggests that neurological injury occurs after deep hypothermic circulatory arrest (DHCA), a protocol widely used in surgery for congenital heart diseases and aortic repair. Neuregulin 1 (NRG1), a neurotrophic factor highly expressed in the central nervous system, is crucial for neuronal survival. However, whether NRG1 is protective against apoptosis induced by DHCA is still unclear, as are the putative mechanisms involved. In this study, exogenous human NRG1 pretreatment (2.5 and 3.75 ng/kg, intracarotid injection) significantly inhibited neuronal apoptosis in DHCA-treated male rats, and notably, endogenous NRG1 expression was also increased. Bcl-2, as well as phosphorylated phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase, Akt, and cAMP-response element binding protein, were all increased, resulting in phosphorylation and subsequent activation of the ErbB4 receptor. Finally, expression of the apoptosis-related protein cleaved-caspase-3 was decreased, resulting in the inhibition of neuronal apoptosis induced by DHCA. Thus, our data indicate that NRG1 treatment inhibited DHCA-induced neuronal apoptosis by activating ErbB4 signaling, providing a potential therapeutic pathway for the prevention of neurological injury induced by DHCA.
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Neuregulin-1 Administration Protocols Sufficient for Stimulating Cardiac Regeneration in Young Mice Do Not Induce Somatic, Organ, or Neoplastic Growth. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0155456. [PMID: 27175488 PMCID: PMC4866786 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0155456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2015] [Accepted: 04/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background We previously developed and validated a strategy for stimulating heart regeneration by administration of recombinant neuregulin (rNRG1), a growth factor, in mice. rNRG1 stimulated proliferation of heart muscle cells, cardiomyocytes, and was most effective when administration began during the neonatal period. Our results suggested the use of rNRG1 to treat pediatric patients with heart failure. However, administration in this age group may stimulate growth outside of the heart. Methods NRG1 and ErbB receptor expression was determined by RT-PCR. rNRG1 concentrations in serum were quantified by ELISA. Mice that received protocols of recombinant neuregulin1-β1 administration (rNRG1, 100 ng/g body weight, daily subcutaneous injection for the first month of life), previously shown to induce cardiac regeneration, were examined at pre-determined intervals. Somatic growth was quantified by weighing. Organ growth was quantified by MRI and by weighing. Neoplastic growth was examined by MRI, visual inspection, and histopathological analyses. Phospho-ERK1/2 and S6 kinase were analyzed with Western blot and ELISA, respectively. Results Lung, spleen, liver, kidney, brain, and breast gland exhibited variable expression of the NRG1 receptors ErbB2, ErbB3, ErbB4, and NRG1. Body weight and tibia length were not altered in mice receiving rNRG1. MRI showed that administration of rNRG1 did not alter the volume of the lungs, liver, kidneys, brain, or spinal cord. Administration of rNRG1 did not alter the weight of the lungs, spleen, liver, kidneys, or brain. MRI, visual inspection, and histopathological analyses showed no neoplastic growth. Follow-up for 6 months showed no alteration of somatic or organ growth. rNRG1 treatment increased the levels of phospho-ERK1/2, but not phospho-S6 kinase. Conclusions Administration protocols of rNRG1 for stimulating cardiac regeneration in mice during the first month of life did not induce unwanted growth effects. Further studies may be required to determine whether this is the case in a corresponding human population.
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Neuregulin-1β Regulates the migration of Different Neurochemical Phenotypic Neurons from Organotypically Cultured Dorsal Root Ganglion Explants. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2015; 36:69-81. [DOI: 10.1007/s10571-015-0221-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2015] [Accepted: 06/02/2015] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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15
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Engel M, Snikeris P, Jenner A, Karl T, Huang XF, Frank E. Neuregulin 1 Prevents Phencyclidine-Induced Behavioral Impairments and Disruptions to GABAergic Signaling in Mice. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol 2015; 18:pyu114. [PMID: 26478928 PMCID: PMC4540095 DOI: 10.1093/ijnp/pyu114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Substantial evidence from human post-mortem and genetic studies has linked the neurotrophic factor neuregulin 1 (NRG1) to the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. Genetic animal models and in vitro experiments have suggested that altered NRG1 signaling, rather than protein changes, contributes to the symptomatology of schizophrenia. However, little is known about the effect of NRG1 on schizophrenia-relevant behavior and neurotransmission (particularly GABAergic and glutamatergic) in adult animals. METHOD To address this question, we treated adult mice with the extracellular signaling domain of NRG1 and assessed spontaneous locomotor activity and acoustic startle response, as well as extracellular GABA, glutamate, and glycine levels in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus via microdialysis. Furthermore, we asked whether the effect of NRG1 would differ under schizophrenia-relevant impairments in mice and therefore co-treated mice with NRG1 and phencyclidine (PCP) (3 mg/kg). RESULTS Acute intraventricularly- or systemically-injected NRG1 did not affect spontaneous behavior, but prevented PCP induced hyperlocomotion and deficits of prepulse inhibition. NRG1 retrodialysis (10 nM) reduced extracellular glutamate and glycine levels in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus, and prevented PCP-induced increase in extracellular GABA levels in the hippocampus. CONCLUSION With these results, we provide the first compelling in vivo evidence for the involvement of NRG1 signaling in schizophrenia-relevant behavior and neurotransmission in the adult nervous system, which highlight its treatment potential. Furthermore, the ability of NRG1 treatment to alter GABA, glutamate, and glycine levels in the presence of PCP also suggests that NRG1 signaling has the potential to alter disrupted neurotransmission in patients with schizophrenia.
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Depboylu C, Rösler TW, de Andrade A, Oertel WH, Höglinger GU. Systemically administered neuregulin-1β1 rescues nigral dopaminergic neurons via the ErbB4 receptor tyrosine kinase in MPTP mouse models of Parkinson's disease. J Neurochem 2015; 133:590-7. [PMID: 25581060 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.13026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2014] [Revised: 12/24/2014] [Accepted: 12/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Previously, we demonstrated that systemically injected extracellular domain of neuregulin-1β1 (Nrg1β1), a nerve growth and differentiation factor, passes the blood-brain barrier and rescues dopaminergic neurons of substantia nigra in the 6-hydroxydopamine-mouse model of Parkinson's disease (PD). Here, we studied the effects of peripherally administered Nrg1β1 in another toxin-based mouse model of PD. For this purpose, (i) nigrostriatal pathway injury was induced by treatment of adult wild-type mice with 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) in acute and subchronic paradigms; and (ii) Nrg1β1 or saline (control) were administered 1 h before each MPTP injection. We found that Nrg1β1 significantly reduced the loss of nigral dopaminergic neurons in both intoxication paradigms (7 days post-injection). However, Nrg1β1 did not reverse MPTP-induced decrease in dopamine levels and dopaminergic fibers in the striatum. We also show that MPTP conversion to its toxic metabolite 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium as well as levels of dopamine transporter, mediating intracellular uptake of 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium, are unaffected by Nrg1β1. Finally, neuroprotective properties of Nrg1β1 on nigral dopaminergic neurons are specifically mediated by ErbB4 as revealed through the study of ErbB4 knockout mice. In conclusion, systemically administered Nrg1β1 protects midbrain dopaminergic neurons against this PD-related toxic insult. Thus, Nrg1β1 may have a benefit in the treatment of PD patients. Previously, we demonstrated that systemically administered neuregulin-1β1 (Nrg1β1) passes the blood-brain barrier, phosphorylates ErbB4 receptors and elevates dopamine (DA) levels in the nigrostriatal system of healthy mice. Nrg1β1 protects nigral DAergic neurons in the 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) mouse model of Parkinson's disease (PD). Here, we show that Nrg1β1 rescues nigral DAergic neurons also against 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-induced cell death. ErbB4 expression is essential for the neuroprotective effect of Nrg1β1 on midbrain DAergic neurons. Nrg1β1 might be beneficial in PD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Candan Depboylu
- Department of Neurology, Philipps University, Marburg, Germany
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Ebner B, Lange SA, Hollenbach D, Steinbronn N, Ebner A, Fischaleck C, Braun-Dullaeus R, Weinbrenner C, Strasser RH. In Situ Postconditioning With Neuregulin-1β Is Mediated by a PI3K/Akt-Dependent Pathway. Can J Cardiol 2015; 31:76-83. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2014.10.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2014] [Revised: 10/12/2014] [Accepted: 10/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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Qian S, Wang Q, Zuo Z. Improved brain uptake of peptide-based CNS drugs via alternative routes of administrations of its nanocarrier delivery systems: a promising strategy for CNS targeting delivery of peptides. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol 2014; 10:1491-508. [DOI: 10.1517/17425255.2014.956080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Neuropathologic implication of peripheral neuregulin-1 and EGF signals in dopaminergic dysfunction and behavioral deficits relevant to schizophrenia: their target cells and time window. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:697935. [PMID: 24949465 PMCID: PMC4052624 DOI: 10.1155/2014/697935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2014] [Accepted: 04/10/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Neuregulin-1 and epidermal growth factor (EGF) are implicated in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia. To test the developmental hypothesis for schizophrenia, we administered these factors to rodent pups, juveniles, and adults and characterized neurobiological and behavioral consequences. These factors were also provided from their transgenes or infused into the adult brain. Here we summarize previous results from these experiments and discuss those from neuropathological aspects. In the neonatal stage but not the juvenile and adult stages, subcutaneously injected factors penetrated the blood-brain barrier and acted on brain neurons, which later resulted in persistent behavioral and dopaminergic impairments associated with schizophrenia. Neonatally EGF-treated animals exhibited persistent hyperdopaminergic abnormalities in the nigro-pallido-striatal system while neuregulin-1 treatment resulted in dopaminergic deficits in the corticolimbic dopamine system. Effects on GABAergic and glutamatergic systems were transient or limited. Even in the adult stage, intracerebral administration and transgenic expression of these factors produced similar but not identical behavioral impairments, although the effects of intracerebral administration were reversible. These findings suggest that dopaminergic development is highly vulnerable to circulating ErbB ligands in the pre- and perinatal stages. Once maldevelopment of the dopaminergic system is established during early development, dopamine-associating behavioral deficits become irreversible and manifest at postpubertal stages.
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Parodi EM, Kuhn B. Signalling between microvascular endothelium and cardiomyocytes through neuregulin. Cardiovasc Res 2014; 102:194-204. [PMID: 24477642 PMCID: PMC3989448 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvu021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2013] [Revised: 12/23/2013] [Accepted: 01/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Heterocellular communication in the heart is an important mechanism for matching circulatory demands with cardiac structure and function, and neuregulins (Nrgs) play an important role in transducing this signal between the hearts' vasculature and musculature. Here, we review the current knowledge regarding Nrgs, explaining their roles in transducing signals between the heart's microvasculature and cardiomyocytes. We highlight intriguing areas being investigated for developing new, Nrg-mediated strategies to heal the heart in acquired and congenital heart diseases, and note avenues for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bernhard Kuhn
- Harvard Medical School, Boston Children's Hospital, 300 Longwood Avenue, Enders Building, Room 1212, Brookline, MA 02115, USA
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21
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Cui W, Tao J, Wang Z, Ren M, Zhang Y, Sun Y, Peng Y, Li R. Neuregulin1beta1 antagonizes apoptosis via ErbB4-dependent activation of PI3-kinase/Akt in APP/PS1 transgenic mice. Neurochem Res 2013; 38:2237-46. [PMID: 23982319 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-013-1131-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2013] [Revised: 08/06/2013] [Accepted: 08/10/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by the deposition of beta-amyloid protein (Aβ) and extensive neuronal cell death. Apoptosis plays a crucial role in loss of neurons in AD. Neuregulin1 (NRG1) has been found to protect neurons from oxygen glucose deprivation induced apoptosis and hypoxia ischemia induced apoptosis. However, the relationship between NRG1 and apoptosis related protein expression in AD and its mechanism remain uncertain. The present study explores the effects of NRG1 on Aβ-induced apoptosis in AD. In this study, extracellular domain of NRG1beta1 (NRG1β1-ECD) promoted the expression of p-ErbB4 receptor, p-Akt and increased the level of Bcl-2 both in APP/PS1 transgenic mice and in vitro. In primary culture of neurons, the level of Bcl-2 protein decreased significantly after Aβ treatment. These changes were inhibited by pretreatment of neurons with NRG1β1-ECD. A specific inhibitor of PI3-kinase/Akt pathway, wortmannin, significantly abrogated the effects of NRG1β1-ECD on p-Akt and Bcl-2 levels. Furthermore, the expression of PI3-kinase/Akt by NRG1β1-ECD was ErbB4-dependent. Our data demonstrated that NRG1β1-ECD might serve as an obvious neuroprotection in AD, and the possible protective mechanism occurs most likely via ErbB4-dependent activation of PI3-kinase/Akt pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weigang Cui
- Key Open Lab for Tissue Regeneration of Henan Universities, Department of Human Anatomy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, China
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Deng C, Pan B, Engel M, Huang XF. Neuregulin-1 signalling and antipsychotic treatment: potential therapeutic targets in a schizophrenia candidate signalling pathway. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2013; 226:201-15. [PMID: 23389757 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-013-3003-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2012] [Accepted: 01/22/2013] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Identifying the signalling pathways underlying the pathophysiology of schizophrenia is an essential step in the rational development of new antipsychotic drugs for this devastating disease. Evidence from genetic, transgenic and post-mortem studies have strongly supported neuregulin-1 (NRG1)-ErbB4 signalling as a schizophrenia susceptibility pathway. NRG1-ErbB4 signalling plays crucial roles in regulating neurodevelopment and neurotransmission, with implications for the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. Post-mortem studies have demonstrated altered NRG1-ErbB4 signalling in the brain of schizophrenia patients. Antipsychotic drugs have different effects on NRG1-ErbB4 signalling depending on treatment duration. Abnormal behaviours relevant to certain features of schizophrenia are displayed in NRG1/ErbB4 knockout mice or those with NRG1/ErbB4 over-expression, some of these abnormalities can be improved by antipsychotic treatment. NRG1-ErbB4 signalling has extensive interactions with the GABAergic, glutamatergic and dopaminergic neurotransmission systems that are involved in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. These interactions provide a number of targets for the development of new antipsychotic drugs. Furthermore, the key interaction points between NRG1-ErbB4 signalling and other schizophrenia susceptibility genes may also potentially provide specific targets for new antipsychotic drugs. In general, identification of these targets in NRG1-ErbB4 signalling and interacting pathways will provide unique opportunities for the development of new generation antipsychotics with specific efficacy and fewer side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Deng
- Antipsychotic Research Laboratory, Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, University of Wollongong, Wollongong 2522 NSW, Australia.
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Depboylu C, Höllerhage M, Schnurrbusch S, Brundin P, Oertel WH, Schrattenholz A, Höglinger GU. Neuregulin-1 receptor tyrosine kinase ErbB4 is upregulated in midbrain dopaminergic neurons in Parkinson disease. Neurosci Lett 2012; 531:209-14. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2012.10.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2012] [Revised: 10/24/2012] [Accepted: 10/25/2012] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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Li Y, Lein PJ, Liu C, Bruun DA, Giulivi C, Ford GD, Tewolde T, Ross-Inta C, Ford BD. Neuregulin-1 is neuroprotective in a rat model of organophosphate-induced delayed neuronal injury. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2012; 262:194-204. [PMID: 22583949 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2012.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2012] [Revised: 04/30/2012] [Accepted: 05/03/2012] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Current medical countermeasures against organophosphate (OP) nerve agents are effective in reducing mortality, but do not sufficiently protect the CNS from delayed brain damage and persistent neurological symptoms. In this study, we examined the efficacy of neuregulin-1 (NRG-1) in protecting against delayed neuronal cell death following acute intoxication with the OP diisopropylflurophosphate (DFP). Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were pretreated with pyridostigmine (0.1 mg/kg BW, i.m.) and atropine methylnitrate (20 mg/kg BW, i.m.) prior to DFP (9 mg/kg BW, i.p.) intoxication to increase survival and reduce peripheral signs of cholinergic toxicity but not prevent DFP-induced seizures or delayed neuronal injury. Pretreatment with NRG-1 did not protect against seizures in rats exposed to DFP. However, neuronal injury was significantly reduced in most brain regions by pretreatment with NRG-1 isoforms NRG-EGF (3.2 μg/kg BW, i.a) or NRG-GGF2 (48 μg/kg BW, i.a.) as determined by FluroJade-B labeling in multiple brain regions at 24 h post-DFP injection. NRG-1 also blocked apoptosis and oxidative stress-mediated protein damage in the brains of DFP-intoxicated rats. Administration of NRG-1 at 1h after DFP injection similarly provided significant neuroprotection against delayed neuronal injury. These findings identify NRG-1 as a promising adjuvant therapy to current medical countermeasures for enhancing neuroprotection against acute OP intoxication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonggang Li
- Department of Neurobiology, Neuroscience Institute, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30310, USA
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Szamosi A, Kelemen O, Kéri S. Hippocampal volume and the AKT signaling system in first-episode schizophrenia. J Psychiatr Res 2012; 46:279-84. [PMID: 22209534 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2011.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2011] [Revised: 12/09/2011] [Accepted: 12/12/2011] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The phosphoinositide 3'-kinase (PI3K)--protein kinase B (AKT1)--glycogen synthase kinase (GSK)-3β system is modulated by several factors implicated in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. Evidence suggests that neuregulin 1 (NRG1) induces decreased AKT phosphorylation in schizophrenia relative to healthy controls, which may be related to dysfunctional neurodevelopment and neuroplasticity. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between NRG1--induced AKT phosphorylation and hippocampal volume in schizophrenia. METHODS Participants were 20 first-episode patients with schizophrenia who did not receive psychotropic medications and 20 matched healthy controls. We measured the phosphorylated AKT--total AKT and phosphorylated ERK (extracellular signal-regulated kinase)--total ERK ratios in peripheral lymphoblasts before and after NRG1 administration. Whole-brain, left, and right hippocampal volumes were quantified using FreeSurfer software. RESULTS Patients with schizophrenia displayed decreased AKT but normal ERK ratio compared with controls. Patients also had a reduction in left hippocampal volume. There was no significant difference between patients and controls in whole-brain and right hippocampal volume. Decreased AKT ratio was associated with reduced hippocampal volume. There was no significant relationship between ERK ratio and brain structure. CONCLUSION Activation of the AKT system is specifically associated with hippocampal volume in first-episode schizophrenia, which provides further evidence for the pivotal role of this messenger system in the pathophysiology of psychotic disorders.
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Neddens J, Buonanno A. Expression of the neuregulin receptor ErbB4 in the brain of the rhesus monkey (Macaca mulatta). PLoS One 2011; 6:e27337. [PMID: 22087295 PMCID: PMC3210802 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0027337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2011] [Accepted: 10/14/2011] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
We demonstrated recently that frontal cortical expression of the Neuregulin (NRG) receptor ErbB4 is restricted to interneurons in rodents, macaques, and humans. However, little is known about protein expression patterns in other areas of the brain. In situ hybridization studies have shown high ErbB4 mRNA levels in various subcortical areas, suggesting that ErbB4 is also expressed in cell types other than cortical interneurons. Here, using highly-specific monoclonal antibodies, we provide the first extensive report of ErbB4 protein expression throughout the cerebrum of primates. We show that ErbB4 immunoreactivity is high in association cortices, intermediate in sensory cortices, and relatively low in motor cortices. The overall immunoreactivity in the hippocampal formation is intermediate, but is high in a subset of interneurons. We detected the highest overall immunoreactivity in distinct locations of the ventral hypothalamus, medial habenula, intercalated nuclei of the amygdala and structures of the ventral forebrain, such as the islands of Calleja, olfactory tubercle and ventral pallidum, and medium expression in the reticular thalamic nucleus. While this pattern is generally consistent with ErbB4 mRNA expression data, further investigations are needed to identify the exact cellular and subcellular sources of mRNA and protein expression in these areas. In contrast to in situ hybridization in rodents, we detected only low levels of ErbB4-immunoreactivity in mesencephalic dopaminergic nuclei but a diffuse pattern of immunofluorescence that was medium in the dorsal striatum and high in the ventral forebrain, suggesting that most ErbB4 protein in dopaminergic neurons could be transported to axons. We conclude that the NRG-ErbB4 signaling pathway can potentially influence many functional systems throughout the brain of primates, and suggest that major sites of action are areas of the “corticolimbic” network. This interpretation is functionally consistent with the genetic association of NRG1 and ERBB4 with schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jörg Neddens
- Section on Molecular Neurobiology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America.
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