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Dehnavi F, Khan A. Time-Based and Event-Based Prospective Memory in Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Virtual Week Investigation. J Autism Dev Disord 2024; 54:2298-2306. [PMID: 37079178 DOI: 10.1007/s10803-023-05975-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/21/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complex developmental condition including persistent challenges with social communication, restricted interests, and repetitive behavior. Though prospective memory failures are commonly observed in ASD population it has been less studied among adults with ASD. Prospective memory (PM) refers to the execution of delayed intentions. There are contradictory findings of regular and irregular prospective memory task among autistic adults. The present study is an attempt to investigate prospective memory performance among adults with autism spectrum disorder using the Virtual Week board game. METHOD Virtual Week (Rendell & Craik, 2000) (3-day Version) is a computerized board game in which participants after rolling a die move token clockwise around the board. Each round of the board represents one virtual "day." Adults between 16 and 25 years of age who were diagnosed with ASD (N = 23) were compared with non-ASD (N = 26) adults. RESULTS Analyses of variance were used to analyze the data. Results revealed that autistic adults as compared to normal adults showed poorer performance on time-based task than on event-based task. A significant difference was evident between regular and irregular prospective memory tasks across both tasks among autistic adults. Results also revealed that ASD difficulties are associated with the prospective component of the irregular task. CONCLUSIONS Prospective memory failures are widely observed in ASD group, and have important implications for functional independence. The findings of this study provide insight into prospective memory challenges that adults with autism spectrum disorder face in a daily basis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farangis Dehnavi
- Psychophysiology Laboratory, Department of Humanities and Social Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay Powai, Mumbai, 400 076, Maharashtra, India
| | - Azizuddin Khan
- Psychophysiology Laboratory, Department of Humanities and Social Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay Powai, Mumbai, 400 076, Maharashtra, India.
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2
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Spatiotemporal EEG Dynamics of Prospective Memory in Ageing and Mild Cognitive Impairment. Cognit Comput 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12559-022-10075-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Prospective memory (PM, the memory of future intentions) is one of the first complaints of those that develop dementia-related disease. Little is known about the neurophysiology of PM in ageing and those with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). By using a novel artificial neural network to investigate the spatial and temporal features of PM related brain activity, new insights can be uncovered. Young adults (n = 30), healthy older adults (n = 39) and older adults with MCI (n = 27) completed a working memory and two PM (perceptual, conceptual) tasks. Time-locked electroencephalographic potentials (ERPs) from 128-electrodes were analysed using a brain-inspired spiking neural network (SNN) architecture. Local and global connectivity from the SNNs was then evaluated. SNNs outperformed other machine learning methods in classification of brain activity between younger, older and older adults with MCI. SNNs trained using PM related brain activity had better classification accuracy than working memory related brain activity. In general, younger adults exhibited greater local cluster connectivity compared to both older adult groups. Older adults with MCI demonstrated decreased global connectivity in response to working memory and perceptual PM tasks but increased connectivity in the conceptual PM models relative to younger and healthy older adults. SNNs can provide a useful method for differentiating between those with and without MCI. Using brain activity related to PM in combination with SNNs may provide a sensitive biomarker for detecting cognitive decline. Cognitively demanding tasks may increase the amount connectivity in older adults with MCI as a means of compensation.
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Ji L, Zhao Q, Zhang Y, Wan J, Yu Y, Zhao J, Li X. Event-Related Brain Potential Correlates of Event-Based Prospective Memory in Children With Learning Disability. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:898536. [PMID: 35815023 PMCID: PMC9256924 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.898536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Prospective memory (PM) has been reported to be impaired in children with learning disabilities (LD), but few studies have examined the underlying neural mechanism of this impairment. To address this issue, the present study applied ERP technique to explore the difference of event-based prospective memory (EBPM) in 21 children with LD and 20 non-LD children with double task paradigm. Results from behavioral data showed that LD children exhibited lower accuracy than non-LD children. The ERP results showed that the two groups displayed significant difference in the ERP components, with longer N300 latency in LD group, but there was no obvious difference found in the prospective positivity component. The present findings seem to indicate that the poor performance of LD children on PM task might be result from deficits in PM cues detection. These results provided evidence for the existence of altered PM processing in LD children, which was characterized by a selective deficit in cues detection of PM. Therefore, these findings shed new light on the neurophysiological processes underlying PM in children with LD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Ji
- Institute of Behavior and Psychology, School of Psychology, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Qi Zhao
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, Macau SAR, China
- Center for Cognitive and Brain Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, Macau SAR, China
| | - Yafei Zhang
- Institute of Behavior and Psychology, School of Psychology, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Jiaojiao Wan
- Institute of Behavior and Psychology, School of Psychology, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Yifan Yu
- Institute of Behavior and Psychology, School of Psychology, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Junfeng Zhao
- Institute of Behavior and Psychology, School of Psychology, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Xiaoming Li
- Department of Health Promotion, Education, and Behavior, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States
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4
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Cejudo AB, López-Rojas C, Gómez-Ariza CJ, Bajo MT. ERP Correlates of Prospective Memory and Cue Focality in Children. Brain Sci 2022; 12:brainsci12050533. [PMID: 35624918 PMCID: PMC9138550 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci12050533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Prospective memory (PM) is essential in the everyday activities of children because it involves remembering intentions for the future, such as doing their homework or bringing written parental permissions to school. Developmental studies have shown increases in PM performance throughout childhood, but the specific processes underlying this development are still under debate. In the present study, event-related potentials were used to examine whether the focality of the PM task is related to the PM increments by testing two groups of children (first and last cycle of primary school) and assessing differences in N300 (cue detection), frontal positivity (switching), parietal positivity (retrieval of the intention) and frontal slow waves (monitoring of the retrieved intention). The results showed significant differences in focality in the group of older children but no differences in any of the components for their younger counterparts. In addition, the differences between prospective and ongoing trials were smaller for younger than older children. These findings suggest that the ability to adjust attentional strategies, monitor, switch and retrieve the intention develops across childhood and affects PM performance in attentionally demanding conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana B. Cejudo
- Department of Experimental Psychology, Research Center for Mind, Brain and Behavior, University of Granada, 18011 Granada, Spain; (C.L.-R.); (M.T.B.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Cristina López-Rojas
- Department of Experimental Psychology, Research Center for Mind, Brain and Behavior, University of Granada, 18011 Granada, Spain; (C.L.-R.); (M.T.B.)
| | | | - María Teresa Bajo
- Department of Experimental Psychology, Research Center for Mind, Brain and Behavior, University of Granada, 18011 Granada, Spain; (C.L.-R.); (M.T.B.)
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5
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Executive and retrospective memory processes in preschoolers’ prospective memory development. COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cogdev.2022.101172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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6
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Ren Z, Liang X, Sun F, Wang L. The effect of EF on PM performance in school-age children. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/17405629.2022.2049752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Ren
- School of Psychology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Xiao Liang
- School of Psychology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Fanhui Sun
- School of Psychology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Lijuan Wang
- School of Psychology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, China
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7
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Crook-Rumsey M, Howard CJ, Hadjiefthyvoulou F, Sumich A. Neurophysiological markers of prospective memory and working memory in typical ageing and mild cognitive impairment. Clin Neurophysiol 2021; 133:111-125. [PMID: 34839236 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2021.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Prospective memory (PM) -the memory of delayed intentions- is impacted by age-related cognitive decline. The current event-related potential study investigates neural mechanisms underpinning typical and atypical (Mild Cognitive Impairment, MCI) age-related decline in PM. METHODS Young adults (YA, n = 30, age = 24.7, female n = 13), healthy older adults (OA, n = 39, age = 72.87, female n = 24) and older adults with MCI (n = 27, age = 77.54, female n = 12) performed two event-based PM tasks (perceptual, conceptual) superimposed on an ongoing working memory task. Electroencephalographic data was recorded from 128 electrodes. Groups were compared for P2 (higher order perceptual processing), N300/frontal positivity (cue detection), the parietal positivity (retrieval), reorienting negativity (RON; attention shifting). RESULTS Participants with MCI had poorer performance (ongoing working memory task, conceptual PM), lower P2 amplitudes, and delayed RON (particularly for perceptual PM) than YA and OA. MCI had lower parietal positivity relative to YA only. YA had earlier latencies for the parietal positivity than MCI and OA, and lower amplitudes for N300 (than OA) and frontal positivity (than OA and MCI). CONCLUSIONS Impaired attention and working memory may underpin PM deficits in MCI. SIGNIFICANCE This is the first study to document the role of RON in PM and to investigate neurophysiological mechanisms underpinning PM in MCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Crook-Rumsey
- Department of Psychology, Nottingham Trent University, NG1 4BU, UK; Knowledge Engineering and Discovery Research Institute, Auckland University of Technology, 1010, New Zealand.
| | | | | | - Alexander Sumich
- Department of Psychology, Nottingham Trent University, NG1 4BU, UK; Department of Psychology, Auckland University of Technology, 1010, New Zealand
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Effect of Emotion on Prospective Memory in Those of Different Age Groups. COMPUTATIONAL INTELLIGENCE AND NEUROSCIENCE 2021; 2020:8859231. [PMID: 33014030 PMCID: PMC7525313 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8859231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Revised: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The effect of emotion on prospective memory on those of different age groups and its neural mechanism in Chinese adults are still unclear. The present study investigated the effect of emotion on prospective memory during the encoding and retrieval phases in younger and older adults by using event-related potentials (ERPs). In the behavioral results, a shorter response time was found for positive prospective memory cues only in older group. In the ERP results, during the encoding phase, an increased late positive potential (LPP) was found for negative prospective memory cues in younger adults, while the amplitude of the LPP was marginally greater for positive prospective memory cues than for negative prospective memory cues in older adults. Correspondingly, younger adults showed an increased parietal positivity for negative prospective memory cues, while an elevated parietal positivity for positive prospective memory cues was found in older adults during the retrieval phase. This finding reflects the increased attentional processing of encoding and the more cognitive resources recruited to carry out a set of processes that are associated with the realization of delayed intentions when the prospective memory cues are emotional. The results reveal the effect of emotion on prospective memory during the encoding and retrieval phases in Chinese adults, modulated by aging, as shown by a positivity effect on older adults and a negativity bias in younger adults.
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Hockey A, Cutmore T. Inhibitory control in prospective memory: An event related potential comparison of task-switch and dual task processing. Neuropsychologia 2021; 158:107906. [PMID: 34058173 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2021.107906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2020] [Revised: 03/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
This study cross-validates reported changes in behavioural and event-related potential (ERP) correlates of prospective memory (PM) inhibitory control performance applying different PM response selection demands (Bisiacchi et al., 2009). Participants were randomly assigned to a control group condition with no PM requirement, or to either inhibit ongoing task processing to respond to PM task cues (task-switch; TS) or provide an ongoing task response prior to providing a PM button press (dual-task; DT). The behavioural data indicated that ongoing task reaction time (RT) performance was similar in the DT, TS, and control group conditions. PM cue detection mechanisms reflected by the N300 did not differ between PM tasks. However, early occurring (400-700 ms) PM late parietal complex (LPC) amplitudes recorded over anterior electrode sites were larger in the TS compared to the DT-PM condition, and this difference persisted during the 700-1000 ms epoch. Thus, ERP correlates of PM task-set remapping were significantly altered via the induction of different PM response production rules retrieved from retrospective memory (RM). The enhancement of anteriorly distributed TS LPC amplitudes between 400 and 700 ms led to the suggestion that increased inhibition in this group condition was accompanied by heightened frontally mediated neural activations that support prepotent ongoing task response inhibition processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Hockey
- School of Applied Psychology, Griffith University, Building M24, 176 Messines Ridge Rd, Mount Gravatt, QLD, 4122, Australia.
| | - T Cutmore
- School of Applied Psychology, Griffith University, Building M24, 176 Messines Ridge Rd, Mount Gravatt, QLD, 4122, Australia
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10
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Laera G, Arcara G, Gajewski PD, Kliegel M, Hering A. Age-related modulation of EEG time-frequency responses in prospective memory retrieval. Neuropsychologia 2021; 155:107818. [PMID: 33675856 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2021.107818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prospective memory involves remembering to execute an intention at the appropriate moment (prospective component) as well as retrieving the intended action (retrospective component). Several electrophysiological studies showed that neural activity associated with the prospective and the retrospective component differed between older and younger adults. However, these studies mainly reported event-related potentials (ERP), without considering other oscillatory parameters of age-related neural modulations that might be associated with the two components. OBJECTIVE In the present study, we analysed electrophysiological data to describe the age-related patterns of brain oscillations associated with the prospective and the retrospective components of prospective memory. METHODS The prospective and the retrospective components were manipulated in two experiments. In experiment 1, the prospective component was manipulated by varying the cue distinctiveness (i.e., how easy it was to detect the cue based on colour). In experiment 2, the retrospective component was manipulated by varying the number of intentions to be remembered (i.e., one or two intentions). We used time-frequency analysis to characterise the EEG oscillatory activity in younger and older adults. RESULTS The prospective component was associated with age differences in alpha and beta frequency bands. Compared to younger adults, older adults showed a decrease of parietal alpha activity when they detected distinct prospective memory cues, and a decrease of parietal beta when they detected less distinct cues. Moreover, older adults showed less beta activity compared to the younger adults across experimental manipulations. No age differences emerged with respect to the retrospective component. CONCLUSIONS The specific pattern of oscillatory activity associated with the prospective component in older adults could underlie the dynamic deployment of different attentional resources supporting cue detection. Moreover, beta activity in both experiments might support an attempt exerted by older adults to enhance task coordination processes. Overall, cluster-based permutation analyses provided a first description of the changes of the EEG time-frequency responses related to intention retrieval in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianvito Laera
- Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Université de Genève, Geneva, Switzerland; Center for the Interdisciplinary Study of Gerontology and Vulnerability, Université de Genève, Geneva, Switzerland; Swiss National Centre of Competence in Research: LIVES - Overcoming Vulnerability: Life Course Perspectives', Lausanne and Geneva, Switzerland.
| | | | - Patrick D Gajewski
- Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors (IfADo), Dortmund, Germany
| | - Matthias Kliegel
- Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Université de Genève, Geneva, Switzerland; Center for the Interdisciplinary Study of Gerontology and Vulnerability, Université de Genève, Geneva, Switzerland; Swiss National Centre of Competence in Research: LIVES - Overcoming Vulnerability: Life Course Perspectives', Lausanne and Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Alexandra Hering
- Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Université de Genève, Geneva, Switzerland; Center for the Interdisciplinary Study of Gerontology and Vulnerability, Université de Genève, Geneva, Switzerland; Department of Developmental Psychology, Tilburg University, Tilburg, the Netherlands
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11
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Hartwig J, Kretschmer-Trendowicz A, Helmert JR, Jung ML, Pannasch S. Revealing the dynamics of prospective memory processes in children with eye movements. Int J Psychophysiol 2021; 160:38-55. [PMID: 33387575 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2020.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Prospective memory (PM), the memory for delayed intentions, develops during childhood. The current study examined PM processes, such as monitoring, PM cue identification and intention retrieval with particular focus on their temporal dynamics and interrelations during successful and unsuccessful PM performance. We analysed eye movements of 6-7 and 9-10 year olds during the inspection of movie stills while they completed one of three different tasks: scene viewing followed by a snippet allocation task, a PM task and a visual search task. We also tested children's executive functions of inhibition, flexibility and working memory. We found that older children outperformed younger children in all tasks but neither age group showed variations in monitoring behaviour during the course of the PM task. In fact, neither age group monitored. According to our data, initial processes necessary for PM success take place during the first fixation on the PM cue. In PM hit trials we found prolonged fixations after the first fixation on the PM cue, and older children showed a greater efficiency in PM processes following this first PM cue fixation. Regarding executive functions, only working memory had a significant effect on children's PM performance. Across both age groups children with better working memory scores needed less time to react to the PM cue. Our data support the notion that children rely on spontaneous processes to notice the PM cue, followed by a resource intensive search for the intended action.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Hartwig
- Chair of Engineering Psychology and Applied Cognitive Research, Technische Universität Dresden, Zellescher Weg 17, 01062 Dresden, Germany.
| | - A Kretschmer-Trendowicz
- Chair of Lifespan Developmental Neuroscience, Technische Universität Dresden, Zellescher Weg 17, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - J R Helmert
- Chair of Engineering Psychology and Applied Cognitive Research, Technische Universität Dresden, Zellescher Weg 17, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - M L Jung
- Chair of Engineering Psychology and Applied Cognitive Research, Technische Universität Dresden, Zellescher Weg 17, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - S Pannasch
- Chair of Engineering Psychology and Applied Cognitive Research, Technische Universität Dresden, Zellescher Weg 17, 01062 Dresden, Germany
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Matos P, Pereira DR, Albuquerque PB, Santos FH. How Does Performing Demanding Activities Influence Prospective Memory? A Systematic Review. Adv Cogn Psychol 2020; 16:268-290. [PMID: 33149797 PMCID: PMC7594016 DOI: 10.5709/acp-0302-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper is the first systematic review on the role of ongoing task load in prospective remembering, which was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA). Forty articles published between 1995 and 2020 were included. They evaluated prospective memory (PM) performance (i.e., the ability to remember to execute a delayed intention) in adult samples aged between 19 and 50 years old when the PM cue appeared under cognitively demanding conditions. The results revealed that people are more likely to fail to remember to perform a delayed intention at the appropriate circumstances or time in the future when their cognitive resources are taxed by demanding ongoing activities. We conclude the review by highlighting that the degree of working memory and executive resources seems to account for some of the discrepant findings and by proposing directions for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Matos
- School of Psychology, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal1
| | | | | | - Flávia H Santos
- School of Psychology, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland2
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Scalici F, Carlesimo GA, Santangelo V, Barban F, Macaluso E, Caltagirone C, Costa A. Does Cue Focality Modulate Age-related Performance in Prospective Memory? An fMRI Investigation. Exp Aging Res 2020; 47:1-20. [DOI: 10.1080/0361073x.2020.1839310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Scalici
- Laboratory of Clinical and Behavioral Neurology, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
- Neuroimaging Laboratory, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanni Augusto Carlesimo
- Laboratory of Clinical and Behavioral Neurology, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
- Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy
| | - Valerio Santangelo
- Neuroimaging Laboratory, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
- Department of Philosophy, Social Sciences & Education, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Francesco Barban
- Laboratory of Clinical and Behavioral Neurology, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
- Neuroimaging Laboratory, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Emiliano Macaluso
- Neuroimaging Laboratory, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
- ImpAct Team, Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, Lyon, France
| | - Carlo Caltagirone
- Laboratory of Clinical and Behavioral Neurology, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Alberto Costa
- Laboratory of Clinical and Behavioral Neurology, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
- Psychology Department, Niccolò Cusano University, Rome, Italy
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14
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Magis-Weinberg L, Custers R, Dumontheil I. Sustained and Transient Processes in Event-based Prospective Memory in Adolescence and Adulthood. J Cogn Neurosci 2020; 32:1924-1945. [DOI: 10.1162/jocn_a_01604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Prospective memory (PM) refers to the cognitive processes associated with remembering to perform an intended action after a delay. Varying the salience of PM cues while keeping the intended response constant, we investigated the extent to which participants relied on strategic monitoring, through sustained, top–down control, or on spontaneous retrieval via transient bottom–up processes. There is mixed evidence regarding developmental improvements in event-based PM performance after the age of 13 years. We compared PM performance and associated sustained and transient neural correlates in 28 typically developing adolescents (12–17 years old) and 19 adults (23–30 years old). Lower PM cue salience associated with slower ongoing task (OT) RTs, reflected by increased μ ex-Gaussian parameter, and sustained increases in frontoparietal activation during OT blocks, both thought to reflect greater proactive control supporting cue monitoring. Behavioral and neural correlates of PM trials were not specifically modulated by cue salience, revealing little difference in reactive control between conditions. The effect of cue salience was similar across age groups, suggesting that adolescents are able to adapt proactive control engagement to PM task demands. Exploratory analyses showed that younger, but not older, adolescents were less accurate and slower in PM trials relative to OT trials than adults and showed greater transient activation in PM trials in an occipito-temporal cluster. These results provide evidence of both mature and still maturing aspects of cognitive processes associated with implementation of an intention after a delay during early adolescence.
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Abstract
Abstract. Prospective Memory (PM; i.e., the ability to remember to perform planned tasks) represents a key proxy of healthy aging, as it relates to older adults’ everyday functioning, autonomy, and personal well-being. The current review illustrates how PM performance develops across the lifespan and how multiple cognitive and non-cognitive factors influence this trajectory. Further, a new, integrative framework is presented, detailing how those processes interplay in retrieving and executing delayed intentions. Specifically, while most previous models have focused on memory processes, the present model focuses on the role of executive functioning in PM and its development across the lifespan. Finally, a practical outlook is presented, suggesting how the current knowledge can be applied in geriatrics and geropsychology to promote healthy aging by maintaining prospective abilities in the elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sascha Zuber
- Center for the Interdisciplinary Study of Gerontology and Vulnerability (CIGEV), University of Geneva, Switzerland
- Swiss National Center of Competences in Research LIVES – Overcoming Vulnerability: Life Course Perspectives, Lausanne and Geneva, Switzerland
- Department of Psychology, University of Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Matthias Kliegel
- Center for the Interdisciplinary Study of Gerontology and Vulnerability (CIGEV), University of Geneva, Switzerland
- Swiss National Center of Competences in Research LIVES – Overcoming Vulnerability: Life Course Perspectives, Lausanne and Geneva, Switzerland
- Department of Psychology, University of Geneva, Switzerland
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Hering A, Wild-Wall N, Falkenstein M, Gajewski PD, Zinke K, Altgassen M, Kliegel M. Beyond prospective memory retrieval: Encoding and remembering of intentions across the lifespan. Int J Psychophysiol 2020; 147:44-59. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2019.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2019] [Revised: 10/14/2019] [Accepted: 11/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Desaunay P, Postel C, Bensaber F, Gonneaud J, Baleyte JM, Anger M, Guénolé F, Malvy J, Bonnet-Brilhault F, Eustache F, Desgranges B, Guillery-Girard B. Prospective Memory in Adolescents with Autism: A Preliminary Study of the Impact of Memory Load. Dev Neuropsychol 2019; 44:543-553. [PMID: 31738580 DOI: 10.1080/87565641.2019.1692020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
We evaluated event-based prospective memory (EBPM) in adolescents with Autism, varying the load of the to-be-performed intentions. We included measures of inhibition, working memory and binding. Results showed that increasing the retrospective memory load reduced performance in controls. In Autism, adolescents were impaired in the low load condition with normal performance for the ongoing task, with the reverse pattern in the high load condition. EBPM may be impacted in Autism due to difficulty to process ongoing and EBPM tasks simultaneously possibly because of restricted inhibitory control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Desaunay
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, PSL Université Paris, EPHE, INSERM, U1077, CHU de Caen, GIP Cyceron, Neuropsychologie et Imagerie de la Mémoire Humaine, Caen, France.,Service de Psychiatrie de l'enfant et de l'adolescent, CHU, Caen, France
| | - Charlotte Postel
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, PSL Université Paris, EPHE, INSERM, U1077, CHU de Caen, GIP Cyceron, Neuropsychologie et Imagerie de la Mémoire Humaine, Caen, France
| | - Farah Bensaber
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, PSL Université Paris, EPHE, INSERM, U1077, CHU de Caen, GIP Cyceron, Neuropsychologie et Imagerie de la Mémoire Humaine, Caen, France.,Service de Psychiatrie de l'enfant et de l'adolescent, Hôpital du Havre, Le Havre, France
| | - Julie Gonneaud
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, PSL Université Paris, EPHE, INSERM, U1077, CHU de Caen, GIP Cyceron, Neuropsychologie et Imagerie de la Mémoire Humaine, Caen, France
| | - Jean-Marc Baleyte
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, PSL Université Paris, EPHE, INSERM, U1077, CHU de Caen, GIP Cyceron, Neuropsychologie et Imagerie de la Mémoire Humaine, Caen, France.,Service de Psychiatrie de l'enfant et de l'adolescent, Hôpital Intercommunal de Créteil, Créteil, France
| | - Marine Anger
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, PSL Université Paris, EPHE, INSERM, U1077, CHU de Caen, GIP Cyceron, Neuropsychologie et Imagerie de la Mémoire Humaine, Caen, France.,Service de Psychiatrie de l'enfant et de l'adolescent, CHU, Caen, France
| | - Fabian Guénolé
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, PSL Université Paris, EPHE, INSERM, U1077, CHU de Caen, GIP Cyceron, Neuropsychologie et Imagerie de la Mémoire Humaine, Caen, France.,Service de Psychiatrie de l'enfant et de l'adolescent, CHU, Caen, France
| | - Joëlle Malvy
- UMR 1253, iBrain, Université de Tours, INSERM, Tours, France
| | | | - Francis Eustache
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, PSL Université Paris, EPHE, INSERM, U1077, CHU de Caen, GIP Cyceron, Neuropsychologie et Imagerie de la Mémoire Humaine, Caen, France
| | - Béatrice Desgranges
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, PSL Université Paris, EPHE, INSERM, U1077, CHU de Caen, GIP Cyceron, Neuropsychologie et Imagerie de la Mémoire Humaine, Caen, France
| | - Bérengère Guillery-Girard
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, PSL Université Paris, EPHE, INSERM, U1077, CHU de Caen, GIP Cyceron, Neuropsychologie et Imagerie de la Mémoire Humaine, Caen, France
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18
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Cauvin S, Moulin CJA, Souchay C, Kliegel M, Schnitzspahn KM. Prospective Memory Predictions in Aging: Increased Overconfidence in Older Adults. Exp Aging Res 2019; 45:436-459. [PMID: 31518214 DOI: 10.1080/0361073x.2019.1664471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This study investigated whether young and older adults can predict their future performance on an event-based prospective memory (PM) task. METHODS Metacognitive awareness was assessed by asking participants to give judgments-of-learning (JOLs) on an item-level for the prospective (remembering that something has to be done) and retrospective (remembering what to do) PM component. In addition, to explore possible age differences in the ability to adapt predictions to the difficulty of the task, encoding time and the relatedness between the prospective and the retrospective PM component were varied. RESULTS Results revealed that both age groups were sensitive to our task manipulations and adapted their predictions appropriately. Moreover, item-level JOLs indicated that for the retrospective component, young and older adults were equally accurate and slightly overconfident. For the prospective component, predictions were fairly accurate in young adults, while older adults were overconfident. Thus, results suggest that general overconfidence is increased in older adults and concerns both components of PM. DISCUSSION Findings regarding the conceptual differences between the prospective and retrospective components of a PM task, as well as the link between aging and metamemory in PM are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stéphanie Cauvin
- Faculté de Psychologie et des Sciences de l'Education, University of Geneva , Geneva , Switzerland
| | | | - Céline Souchay
- Laboratoire de Psychologie et Neurocognition, Université de Grenoble , France
| | - Matthias Kliegel
- Faculté de Psychologie et des Sciences de l'Education, University of Geneva , Geneva , Switzerland
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19
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Zhao X, Fu J, Ma X, Maes JH. Age Differences in Prospective Memory: A Further Evaluation of the Executive Framework. JOURNAL OF COGNITION AND DEVELOPMENT 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/15248372.2019.1648268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhao
- Northwest Normal University, China
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20
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Cejudo AB, McDaniel MA, Bajo MT. Event versus activity-based cues and motivation in school-related prospective memory tasks. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0215845. [PMID: 31002710 PMCID: PMC6474621 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0215845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2018] [Accepted: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Prospective memory (PM), the ability to remember an intention in the future, is essential to children's everyday lives. We explored age differences (6- to 7- vs. 10- to 11-year-olds) in PM depending on the nature of the task and the children's motivation. Children performed event-based PM tasks (in which the cue was presented during the ongoing activity) and activity-based PM tasks (in which the cue consisted of finishing the ongoing activity). Additionally, the children were assigned to either a reward condition or a no-reward condition. The results showed better performance in event than in activity based tasks, with older children outperforming younger children in both. There was a marginal effect of reward for PM accuracy. These patterns suggest that the cue detection process and children's motivation play a role in PM performance during development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana B. Cejudo
- Department of Experimental Psychology–Research Center for Mind, Brain and Behavior, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Mark A. McDaniel
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - M. Teresa Bajo
- Department of Experimental Psychology–Research Center for Mind, Brain and Behavior, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
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21
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Zuber S, Mahy CE, Kliegel M. How executive functions are associated with event-based and time-based prospective memory during childhood. COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cogdev.2019.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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22
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Zhao X, Fu J, Maes JH. Training and transfer effects of prospective memory training in 13- to 15-year-old children. J Exp Child Psychol 2019; 179:227-247. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jecp.2018.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2017] [Revised: 09/17/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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23
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Hata M, Hayashi N, Ishii R, Canuet L, Pascual-Marqui RD, Aoki Y, Ikeda S, Sakamoto T, Iwata M, Kimura K, Iwase M, Ikeda M, Ito T. Short-term meditation modulates EEG activity in subjects with post-traumatic residual disabilities. Clin Neurophysiol Pract 2019; 4:30-36. [PMID: 30886941 PMCID: PMC6402287 DOI: 10.1016/j.cnp.2019.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2018] [Revised: 01/24/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
We aimed to detect EEG changes induced by meditative interventions in PTRD subjects. PTRD subjects exhibited increased gamma activity in the IPL relative to controls. Changes of delta activity in the precuneus correlated with changes of the QOL scale.
Objective Neurophysiological changes related to meditation have recently attracted scientific attention. We aimed to detect changes in electroencephalography (EEG) parameters induced by a meditative intervention in subjects with post-traumatic residual disability (PTRD), which has been confirmed for effectiveness and safety in a previous study. This will allow us to estimate the objective effect of this intervention at the neurophysiological level. Methods Ten subjects with PTRD were recruited and underwent psychological assessment and EEG recordings before and after the meditative intervention. Furthermore, 10 additional subjects were recruited as normal controls. Source current density as an EEG parameter was estimated by exact Low Resolution Electromagnetic Tomography (eLORETA). Comparisons of source current density in PTRD subjects after the meditative intervention with normal controls were investigated. Additionally, we compared source current density in PTRD subjects between before and after meditative intervention. Correlations between psychological assessments and source current density were also explored. Results After meditative intervention, PTRD subjects exhibited increased gamma activity in the left inferior parietal lobule relative to normal controls. In addition, changes of delta activity in the right precuneus correlated with changes in the psychological score on role physical item, one of the quality of life scales reflecting the work or daily difficulty due to physical problems. Conclusions These results show that the meditative intervention used in this study produces neurophysiological changes, in particular the modulation of oscillatory activity of the brain. Significance Our meditative interventions might induce the neurophysiological changes associated with the improvement of psychological symptoms in the PTRD subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahiro Hata
- Department of Psychiatry, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Hayashi
- Department of Psychiatry, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan.,Department of Integrative Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Ryouhei Ishii
- Department of Psychiatry, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan.,Department of Palliative Care, Ashiya Municipal Hospital, Ashiya, Japan
| | - Leonides Canuet
- Department of Cognitive, Social and Organizational Psychology, Universidad de La Laguna, San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Spain
| | - Roberto D Pascual-Marqui
- The KEY Institute for Brain-Mind Research, University Hospital of Psychiatry, Zurich, Switzerland.,Department of Psychiatry, Kansai Medical University, Moriguchi, Japan
| | - Yasunori Aoki
- Department of Psychiatry, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan.,Nippon Life Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shunichiro Ikeda
- Department of Psychiatry, Kansai Medical University, Moriguchi, Japan
| | - Toshiko Sakamoto
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan.,Japan Yoga Therapy Society, Japan
| | - Masami Iwata
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan.,Japan Yoga Therapy Society, Japan
| | | | - Masao Iwase
- Department of Psychiatry, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Manabu Ikeda
- Department of Psychiatry, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Toshinori Ito
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
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24
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Cejudo AB, Gómez-Ariza CJ, Bajo MT. The Cost of Prospective Memory in Children: The Role of Cue Focality. Front Psychol 2019; 9:2738. [PMID: 30687189 PMCID: PMC6333704 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2018.02738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2018] [Accepted: 12/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Prospective memory (PM) is an essential ability in daily life, since it involves remembering to perform an intention. While PM largely develops during childhood and adolescence, its underlying mechanisms are still poorly understood. In general, age differences in PM have been found with tasks in which the prospective cues are not part of the ongoing activity (non-focal PM tasks). In the present study, we evaluated the cognitive cost produced by a PM task over the ongoing activity by comparing the performance of a single-task condition with that of an ongoing activity condition involving a prospective intention. Specifically, to determine the impact of cue focality on performance as a function of age, we tested two groups of children (6 and 11 years old) in three experimental conditions: single, focal and non-focal prospective cues. In the single-task condition, children were only asked to perform the ongoing task (to categorize images as animal or non-animal). In the focal condition, in addition to performing the ongoing activity, participants were asked to press different keys whenever the image appearing on the screen was a kite or a ball. In the non-focal condition, children were to press the keys if the color of the frame of the screen changed to magenta or gray. Although reaction times were greater for the non-focal conditions in both age groups, the results showed worse performance on the ongoing activity for both the focal and the non-focal conditions (relative to the single-task condition) in the younger children. This difference was less pronounced in older children so that response times for focal and non-focal cues differed from the single condition, but the difference in performance between focal and single task conditions was not reliable. These findings, which are partly in line with the dual process framework (McDaniel et al., 2015), suggest that while non-focal prospective cues compromise attentional control in younger and older children, focal cues seem to rely on less effortful processes in older children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana B Cejudo
- Department of Experimental Psychology, The Mind, Brain, and Behaviour Research Centre, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | | | - M Teresa Bajo
- Department of Experimental Psychology, The Mind, Brain, and Behaviour Research Centre, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
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25
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Garvie PA, Nichols SL, Williams PL, Harris LL, Kammerer B, Chernoff MC, Figueroa V, Woods SP. Development and reliability of the Prospective Memory Assessment for Children & Youth (PROMACY): A preliminary study in a nonclinical sample. APPLIED NEUROPSYCHOLOGY-CHILD 2018; 8:333-346. [PMID: 30295555 DOI: 10.1080/21622965.2018.1486194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Prospective memory (PM), "remembering to remember," has been linked to important functional outcomes in adults. Studies of PM in children and adolescents would benefit from the development and validation of developmentally appropriate clinical measures with known psychometric properties. The Prospective Memory Assessment for Children & Youth (PROMACY), a performance-based measure of PM, was developed for the Pediatric HIV/AIDS Cohort Study Adolescent Master Protocol, Memory and Executive Functioning Substudy, and includes Summary, Time-, and Event-based scores derived from eight trials with an ongoing word search task. Fifty-four healthy perinatally HIV-exposed, uninfected children and youth, mean age 13 years, 54% female, 76% Black/non-Hispanic, and 61% impoverished were included in this psychometric analysis. PROMACY Summary Scores demonstrated low, but broadly acceptable internal consistency as measured by Cronbach's alpha and Spearman-Brown. Better PROMACY performance was associated with older age, but no other demographic factors. Generally medium-sized correlations were observed between the PROMACY Summary Score and standard clinical measures of retrospective memory, working memory, executive functions, and IQ. Findings from this preliminary psychometric study of nonclinical children and youth provide cautious support for the internal consistency and construct validity of PROMACY's Summary Score that awaits replication and extension in larger samples of healthy children, youth and clinical populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia A Garvie
- Research Department, Children's Diagnostic & Treatment Center , Fort Lauderdale , FLorida , USA
| | - Sharon L Nichols
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California , La Jolla , California , USA
| | - Paige L Williams
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health , Boston , Massachusetts , USA
| | - Lynnette L Harris
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine , Houston , Texas , USA
| | - Betsy Kammerer
- Department of Psychiatry, Boston Children's Hospital , Boston , Massachusetts , USA
| | - Miriam C Chernoff
- Center for Biostatistics in AIDS Research, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health , Boston , Massachusetts , USA
| | - Veronica Figueroa
- Department of Pediatrics, Mother-Child-Adolescent HIV Program, University of California San Diego , San Diego, California , USA
| | - Steven Paul Woods
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California , San Diego , California , USA.,Department of Psychology, University of Houston , Houston , Texas , USA
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26
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Lazarou I, Adam K, Georgiadis K, Tsolaki A, Nikolopoulos S, Yiannis Kompatsiaris I, Tsolaki M. Can a Novel High-Density EEG Approach Disentangle the Differences of Visual Event Related Potential (N170), Elicited by Negative Facial Stimuli, in People with Subjective Cognitive Impairment? J Alzheimers Dis 2018; 65:543-575. [PMID: 30103320 DOI: 10.3233/jad-180223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies on subjective cognitive impairment (SCI) and neural activation report controversial results. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the ability to disentangle the differences of visual N170 ERP, generated by facial stimuli (Anger & Fear) as well as the cognitive deterioration of SCI, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and Alzheimer's disease (AD) compared to healthy controls (HC). METHOD 57 people took part in this study. Images corresponding to facial stimuli of "Anger" and "Fear" were presented to 12 HC, 14 SCI, 17 MCI and 14 AD participants. EEG data were recorded by using a HD-EEG HydroCel with 256 channels. RESULTS Results showed that the amplitude of N170 can contribute in distinguishing the SCI group, since statistically significant differences were observed with the HC (p < 0.05) and the MCI group from HC (p < 0.001), as well as AD from HC (p = 0.05) during the processing of facial stimuli. Noticeable differences were also observed in the topographic distribution of the N170 amplitude, while localization analysis by using sLORETA images confirmed the activation of superior, middle-temporal, and frontal lobe brain regions. Finally, in the case of "Fear", SCI and HC demonstrated increased activation in the orbital and inferior frontal gyrus, respectively, MCI in the inferior temporal gyrus, and AD in the lingual gyrus. CONCLUSION These preliminary findings suggest that the amplitude of N170 elicited after negative facial stimuli could be modulated by the decline related to pathological cognitive aging and can contribute in distinguishing HC from SCI, MCI, and AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioulietta Lazarou
- Information Technologies Institute, Centre for Research and Technology Hellas, Thessaloniki, Macedonia, Greece.,1st Department of Neurology, G.H. "AHEPA", School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Macedonia, Greece
| | - Katerina Adam
- Information Technologies Institute, Centre for Research and Technology Hellas, Thessaloniki, Macedonia, Greece
| | - Kostas Georgiadis
- Information Technologies Institute, Centre for Research and Technology Hellas, Thessaloniki, Macedonia, Greece.,Informatics Department, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Macedonia, Greece
| | - Anthoula Tsolaki
- Information Technologies Institute, Centre for Research and Technology Hellas, Thessaloniki, Macedonia, Greece.,Laboratory of Medical Physic, Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Macedonia, Greece
| | - Spiros Nikolopoulos
- Information Technologies Institute, Centre for Research and Technology Hellas, Thessaloniki, Macedonia, Greece
| | | | - Magda Tsolaki
- Information Technologies Institute, Centre for Research and Technology Hellas, Thessaloniki, Macedonia, Greece.,1st Department of Neurology, G.H. "AHEPA", School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Macedonia, Greece.,Greek Alzheimer's Association and Related Disorders (GAADRD), Thessaloniki, Macedonia, Greece
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27
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Loprinzi PD, Edwards MK, Frith E. Exercise and Prospective Memory. J Lifestyle Med 2018; 8:51-59. [PMID: 30474001 PMCID: PMC6239140 DOI: 10.15280/jlm.2018.8.2.51] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2018] [Accepted: 06/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this paper was to review the literature to evaluate the potential effects of exercise on prospective memory (PM). A narrative review was employed. In this review, we provide a brief description of PM; indicate the effects of PM on health; evaluate the effects of age and neurological impairment on PM; examine the neural correlates of PM; provide a description of specific components that subserve PM; identify non-behavioral strategies used to enhance PM; and evaluate the literature and plausibility through which exercise behavior may influence PM. Regarding the latter, this paper aims to burgeon the development of a new research paradigm that will play a critical role in patient health, given that memory function, and in particular, the prospective (vs. retrospective) component of memory, is highly sensitive to aging and is critically associated with health status. This is an emerging line of research that has critical implications for patient health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul D Loprinzi
- Department of Health, Exercise Science and Recreation Management, The University of Mississippi, University, MS, USA
| | - Meghan K Edwards
- Department of Health, Exercise Science and Recreation Management, The University of Mississippi, University, MS, USA
| | - Emily Frith
- Department of Health, Exercise Science and Recreation Management, The University of Mississippi, University, MS, USA
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28
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The interplay of intention maintenance and cue monitoring in younger and older adults' prospective memory. Mem Cognit 2018; 45:1113-1125. [PMID: 28600628 DOI: 10.3758/s13421-017-0720-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The retention phase of a prospective memory (PM) task poses different challenges, including demands to store or maintain an intended action and to realize the right moment for action execution. The interplay of these processes in younger and older adults has not been explored so far. In this study, the authors examined the impact of maintenance load and task focality on PM in 84 younger and in 83 older adults. Results indicated that PM performance and ongoing task response times were strongly affected by maintenance load and age. However, a focality effect only emerged when maintenance load was low but not when attentional resources were deployed for maintaining a more demanding intention. These findings suggest that maintenance and monitoring requirements compete for similar attentional resources. Furthermore, maintenance load may affect postretrieval processes through its impact on working-memory resources, which can restrain the typical advantage of focal over nonfocal PM tasks.
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29
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Ihle A, Albiński R, Gurynowicz K, Kliegel M. Four-Week Strategy-Based Training to Enhance Prospective Memory in Older Adults: Targeting Intention Retention Is More Beneficial than Targeting Intention Formation. Gerontology 2018; 64:257-265. [DOI: 10.1159/000485796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2017] [Accepted: 11/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: So far, training of prospective memory (PM) focused on very short instances (single sessions) and targeted the intention-formation phase only. Objective: We aimed to compare the effectiveness of 2 different 4-week strategy-based PM training types, namely imagery training (targeting the encoding of the PM intention in the intention-formation phase) versus rehearsal training (targeting the maintenance of the PM intention in the intention-retention phase) in older adults. Methods: We used a 4-week training protocol (8 sessions in total, 2 sessions per week). From the 44 participants, 21 were randomly assigned to the imagery training (vividly imagining a mental picture to memorize the connection between the PM cue words and related actions during intention formation) and 23 to the rehearsal training (rehearsing the PM cue words during intention retention). The criterion PM task was assessed before and after the training. Results: Comparing the effectiveness of both training types, we found a significant time by training type interaction on PM accuracy in terms of PM cue detection, F(1, 42) = 6.07, p = 0.018, η2p = 0.13. Subsequent analyses revealed that the rehearsal training was more effective in enhancing PM accuracy in terms of PM cue detection than the imagery training. Conclusion: Strategy-based PM training in older adults targeting the maintenance of the PM intention in the intention-retention phase may be more effective in enhancing PM accuracy in terms of PM cue detection than the strategy targeting the encoding of the PM intention in the intention-formation phase. This suggests that for successful prospective remembering, older adults may need more support to keep the PM cues active in memory while working on the ongoing task than to initially encode the PM intention.
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Frith E, Sng E, Loprinzi PD. Randomized controlled trial evaluating the temporal effects of high-intensity exercise on learning, short-term and long-term memory, and prospective memory. Eur J Neurosci 2017; 46:2557-2564. [PMID: 28922507 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.13719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2017] [Revised: 08/25/2017] [Accepted: 08/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The broader purpose of this study was to examine the temporal effects of high-intensity exercise on learning, short-term and long-term retrospective memory and prospective memory. Among a sample of 88 young adult participants, 22 were randomized into one of four different groups: exercise before learning, control group, exercise during learning, and exercise after learning. The retrospective assessments (learning, short-term and long-term memory) were assessed using the Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test. Long-term memory including a 20-min and 24-hr follow-up assessment. Prospective memory was assessed using a time-based procedure by having participants contact (via phone) the researchers at a follow-up time period. The exercise stimulus included a 15-min bout of progressive maximal exertion treadmill exercise. High-intensity exercise prior to memory encoding (vs. exercise during memory encoding or consolidation) was effective in enhancing long-term memory (for both 20-min and 24-h follow-up assessments). We did not observe a differential temporal effect of high-intensity exercise on short-term memory (immediate post-memory encoding), learning or prospective memory. The timing of high-intensity exercise may play an important role in facilitating long-term memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Frith
- Exercise Psychology Laboratory, Physical Activity Epidemiology Laboratory, Department of Health, Exercise Science and Recreation Management, The University of Mississippi, University, MS, 38677, USA
| | - Eveleen Sng
- Exercise Psychology Laboratory, Physical Activity Epidemiology Laboratory, Department of Health, Exercise Science and Recreation Management, The University of Mississippi, University, MS, 38677, USA
| | - Paul D Loprinzi
- Exercise Psychology Laboratory, Physical Activity Epidemiology Laboratory, Department of Health, Exercise Science and Recreation Management, The University of Mississippi, University, MS, 38677, USA
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31
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Tsolaki AC, Kosmidou V, Kompatsiaris I(Y, Papadaniil C, Hadjileontiadis L, Adam A, Tsolaki M. Brain source localization of MMN and P300 ERPs in mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease: a high-density EEG approach. Neurobiol Aging 2017; 55:190-201. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2017.03.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2015] [Revised: 03/13/2017] [Accepted: 03/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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32
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Zamroziewicz M, Raskin SA, Tennen H, Austad CS, Wood RM, Fallahi CR, Dager AD, Sawyer B, Leen S, Pearlson GD. Effects of drinking patterns on prospective memory performance in college students. Neuropsychology 2017; 31:191-199. [PMID: 27841457 PMCID: PMC5280574 DOI: 10.1037/neu0000313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Traditional college students are at a critical juncture in the development of prospective memory (PM). Their brains are vulnerable to the effects of alcohol. METHOD There were 123 third and fourth year college students, 19-23 years old, who completed the Self-Rating Effects of Alcohol (SREA), Modified Timeline Follow-back (TFLB), Brief Young Adult Alcohol Consequences Scale (BYAACS), and Alcohol Effects Questionnaire (AEQ) once per month on a secure online database, as reported elsewhere (Dager et al., 2013). Data from the 6 months immediately before memory testing were averaged. In a single testing session participants were administered the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview-Diagnostic and Statistical Manual for Mental Disorders-Fourth Edition-Text Revision (MINI-DSM-IV-TR), measures of PM (event-based and time-based), and retrospective memory (RM). Based on the average score of six consecutive monthly responses to the SREA, TLFB, and AEQ, students were classified as nondrinkers, light drinkers, or heavy drinkers (as defined previously; Dager et al., 2013). Alcohol-induced amnesia (blackout) was measured with the BYAACS. RESULTS We found a relationship between these alcohol use classifications and time-based PM, such that participants who were classified as heavier drinkers were more likely to forget to perform the time-based PM task. We also found that self-reported alcohol-induced amnesia (blackouts) during the month immediately preceding memory testing was associated with lower performance on the event-based PM task. Participants' ability to recall the RM tasks suggested the PM items were successfully encoded even when they were not carried out, and we observed no relationship between alcohol use and RM performance. CONCLUSION Heavy alcohol use in college students may be related to impairments in PM. (PsycINFO Database Record
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Howard Tennen
- Department of Community Medicine and Health Care, University of Connecticut School of Medicine
| | - Carol S Austad
- Department of Psychology, Central Connecticut State University
| | - Rebecca M Wood
- Department of Psychology, Central Connecticut State University
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Hering A, Wild-Wall N, Gajewski PD, Falkenstein M, Kliegel M, Zinke K. The role of cue detection for prospective memory development across the lifespan. Neuropsychologia 2016; 93:289-300. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2016.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2016] [Revised: 11/03/2016] [Accepted: 11/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Ford RM, Griffiths S, Neulinger K, Andrews G, Shum DHK, Gray PH. Impaired prospective memory but intact episodic memory in intellectually average 7- to 9-year-olds born very preterm and/or very low birth weight. Child Neuropsychol 2016; 23:954-979. [PMID: 27539515 DOI: 10.1080/09297049.2016.1216091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Relatively little is known about episodic memory (EM: memory for personally-experienced events) and prospective memory (PM: memory for intended actions) in children born very preterm (VP) or with very low birth weight (VLBW). This study evaluates EM and PM in mainstream-schooled 7- to 9-year-olds born VP (≤ 32 weeks) and/or VLBW (< 1500 g) and matches full-term children for comparison (n = 35 and n = 37, respectively). Additionally, participants were assessed for verbal and non-verbal ability, executive function (EF), and theory of mind (ToM). The results show that the VP/VLBW children were outperformed by the full-term children on the memory tests overall, with a significant univariate group difference in PM. Moreover, within the VP/VLBW group, the measures of PM, verbal ability and working memory all displayed reliable negative correlations with severity of neonatal illness. PM was found to be independent of EM and cognitive functioning, suggesting that this form of memory might constitute a domain of specific vulnerability for VP/VLBW children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth M Ford
- a Department of Psychology , Anglia Ruskin University , Cambridge , UK
| | - Sarah Griffiths
- b Menzies Health Institute Queensland and School of Applied Psychology , Griffith University , Queensland , Australia
| | - Kerryn Neulinger
- b Menzies Health Institute Queensland and School of Applied Psychology , Griffith University , Queensland , Australia
| | - Glenda Andrews
- b Menzies Health Institute Queensland and School of Applied Psychology , Griffith University , Queensland , Australia
| | - David H K Shum
- b Menzies Health Institute Queensland and School of Applied Psychology , Griffith University , Queensland , Australia
| | - Peter H Gray
- c Mater Research Institute , University of Queensland and Mater Mothers' Hospital , Queensland , Australia
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Event-based prospective memory across the lifespan: Do all age groups benefit from salient prospective memory cues? COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cogdev.2016.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Demeter G, Szendi I, Domján N, Juhász M, Greminger N, Szőllősi Á, Racsmány M. Preserved Intention Maintenance and Impaired Execution of Prospective Memory Responses in Schizophrenia: Evidence from an Event-based Prospective Memory Study. Front Psychol 2016; 7:593. [PMID: 27199827 PMCID: PMC4848737 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2016.00593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2015] [Accepted: 04/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Executive system dysfunction and impaired prospective memory (PM) are widely documented in schizophrenia. However, it is not yet clarified which components of PM function are impaired in this disorder. Two plausible target components are the maintenance of delayed intentions and the execution of PM responses. Furthermore, it is debated whether the impaired performance on frequently used executive tasks is associated with deficit in PM functions. The aim of our study was twofold. First, we aimed to investigate the specific processes involved in event-based PM function, mainly focusing on difference between maintenance of intention and execution of PM responses. Second, we aimed to unfold the possible connections between executive functions, clinical symptoms, and PM performance. An event-based PM paradigm was applied with three main conditions: baseline (with no expectation of PM stimuli, and without PM stimuli), expectation condition (participants were told that PM stimuli might occur, though none actually did), and execution condition (participants were told that PM stimuli might occur, and PM stimuli did occur). This procedure allowed us to separately investigate performances associated with intention maintenance and execution of PM responses. We assessed working memory and set-shifting executive functions by memory span tasks and by the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST), respectively. Twenty patients diagnosed with schizophrenia and 20 healthy control subjects (matched according to age and education) took part in the study. It was hypothesized that patients would manifest different levels of performance in the expectation and execution conditions of the PM task. Our results confirmed that the difference between baseline performance and performance in the execution condition (execution cost) was significantly larger for participants diagnosed with schizophrenia in comparison with matched healthy control group. However, this difference was not observed in the expectation condition. The PM performance in the execution condition was correlated with impaired executive functions in schizophrenia. Specifically, the size of execution cost positively correlated with percent of perseverative errors committed on WCST by the patient group. Our results suggest that maintenance of delayed intentions is unimpaired in schizophrenia, whereas the impairment in execution of PM responses is associated with set-shifting deficit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gyula Demeter
- Frontostriatal System Research Group, Hungarian Academy of SciencesBudapest, Hungary; Department of Cognitive Science, Budapest University of Technology and EconomicsBudapest, Hungary
| | - István Szendi
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Szeged Szeged, Hungary
| | - Nóra Domján
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Szeged Szeged, Hungary
| | - Marianna Juhász
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Szeged Szeged, Hungary
| | - Nóra Greminger
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Szeged Szeged, Hungary
| | - Ágnes Szőllősi
- Department of Cognitive Science, Budapest University of Technology and Economics Budapest, Hungary
| | - Mihály Racsmány
- Frontostriatal System Research Group, Hungarian Academy of SciencesBudapest, Hungary; Department of Cognitive Science, Budapest University of Technology and EconomicsBudapest, Hungary
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Altgassen M, Kretschmer A, Schnitzspahn KM. Future thinking instructions improve prospective memory performance in adolescents. Child Neuropsychol 2016; 23:536-553. [DOI: 10.1080/09297049.2016.1158247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Kliegel M, Ballhausen N, Hering A, Ihle A, Schnitzspahn KM, Zuber S. Prospective Memory in Older Adults: Where We Are Now and What Is Next. Gerontology 2016; 62:459-66. [DOI: 10.1159/000443698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2015] [Accepted: 12/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The interplay of cognitive abilities that constitute the process of ‘remembering to remember' is referred to as prospective memory. Prospective memory is an essential ability to meet everyday life challenges across the life span, constitutes a key element of autonomy and independence and is especially important in old age with increasing social and health-related prospective memory demands. The present paper first presents major findings from the current state of the art in research on age effects in prospective memory. In a second part, it presents four focus areas for future research outlining possible conceptual, methodological, and neuroscientific advancements.
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Terrett G, Rose NS, Henry JD, Bailey PE, Altgassen M, Phillips LH, Kliegel M, Rendell PG. The relationship between prospective memory and episodic future thinking in younger and older adulthood. Q J Exp Psychol (Hove) 2016; 69:310-23. [DOI: 10.1080/17470218.2015.1054294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Episodic future thinking (EFT), the ability to project into the future to “preexperience” an event, and prospective memory (PM), remembering to perform an intended action, are both examples of future-oriented cognition. Recently it has been suggested that EFT might contribute to PM performance but to date few studies have examined the relationship between these two capacities. The aim of the present study was to investigate the nature and specificity of this relationship, as well as whether it varies with age. Participants were 125 younger and 125 older adults who completed measures of EFT and PM. Significant, positive correlations between EFT and PM were identified in both age groups. Furthermore, EFT ability accounted for significant unique variance in the young adults, suggesting that it may make a specific contribution to PM function. Within the older adult group, EFT did not uniquely contribute to PM, possibly indicating a reduced capacity to utilize EFT, or the use of compensatory strategies. This study is the first to provide systematic evidence for an association between variation in EFT and PM abilities in both younger and older adulthood and shows that the nature of this association varies as a function of age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gill Terrett
- School of Psychology, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Nathan. S. Rose
- School of Psychology, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Julie D. Henry
- School of Psychology, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Phoebe E. Bailey
- School of Social Sciences and Psychology, University of Western Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Mareike Altgassen
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Department of Psychology, Technische Universitaet Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | | | - Matthias Kliegel
- Department of Psychology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Peter G. Rendell
- School of Psychology, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Australia
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Peira N, Ziaei M, Persson J. Age differences in brain systems supporting transient and sustained processes involved in prospective memory and working memory. Neuroimage 2016; 125:745-755. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2015.10.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2015] [Revised: 09/09/2015] [Accepted: 10/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
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Altgassen M, Ariese L, Wester AJ, Kessels RPC. Salient cues improve prospective remembering in Korsakoff's syndrome. BRITISH JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY 2015; 55:123-36. [DOI: 10.1111/bjc.12099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2014] [Revised: 09/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mareike Altgassen
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour; Radboud University; Nijmegen The Netherlands
- Department of Psychology; TU Dresden; Germany
| | - Laura Ariese
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour; Radboud University; Nijmegen The Netherlands
| | - Arie J. Wester
- Centre of Excellence for Korsakoff and Alcohol-Related Cognitive Disorders; Vincent van Gogh Institute for Psychiatry; Venray The Netherlands
| | - Roy P. C. Kessels
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour; Radboud University; Nijmegen The Netherlands
- Centre of Excellence for Korsakoff and Alcohol-Related Cognitive Disorders; Vincent van Gogh Institute for Psychiatry; Venray The Netherlands
- Department of Medical Psychology; Radboud University Medical Center; Nijmegen The Netherlands
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Bowman C, Cutmore T, Shum D. The development of prospective memory across adolescence: an event-related potential analysis. Front Hum Neurosci 2015; 9:362. [PMID: 26157379 PMCID: PMC4475796 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2015.00362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2015] [Accepted: 06/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Prospective memory (PM) is an important cognitive function vital for day-to-day functioning. Although there has been extensive research into the decline of PM in older adulthood, little is known about its developmental trajectory throughout adolescence, a time of important brain maturation. In the present study, the development of PM was examined in 85 participants across the following groups: 12 to 13-year-olds (n = 19), 14 to 15-year-olds (n = 21), 16 to 17-year-olds (n = 19), and 18 to 19-year-olds (n = 26). A 30-cue (30 min) event-based PM task (with font-color stimuli as PM cues and a lexical-decision task as the ongoing task) was used while recording Event-Related Potentials (ERPs). The well-established neural correlates of PM, the N300 and parietal positivity, were examined across the age groups. In addition, hierarchical multiple regressions were used to examine the unique contribution of executive functioning measures (viz., the Self-Ordered Pointing Task [SOPT], the Stroop task, and Trail Making Test [TMT]) on the ERP components of PM (after controlling for age). First, the established components of ERPs associated with prospective remembering (i.e., N300 and parietal positivity) were detected for each age group. Second, although there were no significant age- group differences on the amplitude of the N300, the amplitude of the parietal positivity was found to be different between the 12 to 13-year-olds and 18 to 19-year-olds (viz., the 12 to 13-year-olds had the highest amplitude). Third, for the contribution of executive functioning measures on the amplitude of the ERP components of PM, the regression on the N300 was not significant, however, the SOPT beta weights were significant predictors of the amplitude of the parietal positivity. This relationship was found to be specific for the central and right electrode region. These findings are discussed within the context of brain development and executive functioning along with particular task demands, which may contribute to age-related PM differences across adolescence. Moreover, the findings suggest that cognitive processes associated with parietal positivity may continue to develop across adolescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Candice Bowman
- School of Applied Psychology, Behavioural Basis of Health, Griffith Health Institute, Griffith University Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Tim Cutmore
- School of Applied Psychology, Behavioural Basis of Health, Griffith Health Institute, Griffith University Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - David Shum
- School of Applied Psychology, Behavioural Basis of Health, Griffith Health Institute, Griffith University Brisbane, QLD, Australia
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Lourenço JS, Maylor EA. When Distraction Holds Relevance: A Prospective Memory Benefit for Older Adults. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2015; 12:6523-41. [PMID: 26067988 PMCID: PMC4483714 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph120606523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2015] [Revised: 06/01/2015] [Accepted: 06/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Evidence is accumulating to show that age-related increases in susceptibility to distracting information can benefit older more than young adults in several cognitive tasks. Here we focus on prospective memory (i.e., remembering to carry out future intentions) and examine the effect of presenting distracting information that is intention-related as a function of age. Young and older adults performed an ongoing 1-back working memory task to a rapid stream of pictures superimposed with to-be-ignored letter strings. Participants were additionally instructed to respond to target pictures (namely, animals) and, for half of the participants, some strings prior to the targets were intention-related words (i.e., animals). Results showed that presenting intention-related distracting information during the ongoing task was particularly advantageous for target detection in older compared to young adults. Moreover, a prospective memory benefit was observed even for older adults who showed no explicit memory for the target distracter words. We speculate that intention-related distracter information enhanced the accessibility of the prospective memory task and suggest that when distracting information holds relevance to intentions it can serve a compensatory role in prospective remembering in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana S Lourenço
- Department of Psychology, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK.
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Cona G, Arcara G, Tarantino V, Bisiacchi PS. Does predictability matter? Effects of cue predictability on neurocognitive mechanisms underlying prospective memory. Front Hum Neurosci 2015; 9:188. [PMID: 25918503 PMCID: PMC4394705 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2015.00188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2014] [Accepted: 03/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Prospective memory (PM) represents the ability to successfully realize intentions when the appropriate moment or cue occurs. In this study, we used event-related potentials (ERPs) to explore the impact of cue predictability on the cognitive and neural mechanisms supporting PM. Participants performed an ongoing task and, simultaneously, had to remember to execute a pre-specified action when they encountered the PM cues. The occurrence of the PM cues was predictable (being signaled by a warning cue) for some participants and was completely unpredictable for others. In the predictable cue condition, the behavioral and ERP correlates of strategic monitoring were observed mainly in the ongoing trials wherein the PM cue was expected. In the unpredictable cue condition they were instead shown throughout the whole PM block. This pattern of results suggests that, in the predictable cue condition, participants engaged monitoring only when subjected to a context wherein the PM cue was expected, and disengaged monitoring when the PM cue was not expected. Conversely, participants in the unpredictable cue condition distributed their resources for strategic monitoring in more continuous manner. The findings of this study support the most recent views—the “Dynamic Multiprocess Framework” and the “Attention to Delayed Intention” (AtoDI) model—confirming that strategic monitoring is a flexible mechanism that is recruited mainly when a PM cue is expected and that may interact with bottom-up spontaneous processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgia Cona
- Department of General Psychology, University of Padua Padua, Italy
| | - Giorgio Arcara
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Padua Padua, Italy
| | | | - Patrizia S Bisiacchi
- Department of General Psychology, University of Padua Padua, Italy ; Center for Cognitive Neuroscience, University of Padua Padua, Italy
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Tsolaki A, Kosmidou V, Hadjileontiadis L, Kompatsiaris I(Y, Tsolaki M. Brain source localization of MMN, P300 and N400: Aging and gender differences. Brain Res 2015; 1603:32-49. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2014.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2014] [Revised: 09/28/2014] [Accepted: 10/01/2014] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Cona G, Kliegel M, Bisiacchi PS. Differential effects of emotional cues on components of prospective memory: an ERP study. Front Hum Neurosci 2015; 9:10. [PMID: 25674061 PMCID: PMC4309118 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2015.00010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2014] [Accepted: 01/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
So far, little is known about the neurocognitive mechanisms associated with emotion effects on prospective memory (PM) performance. Thus, this study aimed at disentangling possible mechanisms for the effects of emotional valence of PM cues on the distinct phases composing PM by investigating event-related potentials (ERPs). Participants were engaged in an ongoing N-back task while being required to perform a PM task. The emotional valence of both the ongoing pictures and the PM cues was manipulated (pleasant, neutral, unpleasant). ERPs were recorded during the PM phases, such as encoding, maintenance, and retrieval of the intention. A recognition task including PM cues and ongoing stimuli was also performed at the end of the sessions. ERP results suggest that emotional PM cues not only trigger an automatic, bottom-up, capture of attention, but also boost a greater allocation of top-down processes. These processes seem to be recruited to hold attention toward the emotional stimuli and to retrieve the intention from memory, likely because of the motivational significance of the emotional stimuli. Moreover, pleasant PM cues seemed to modulate especially the prospective component, as revealed by changes in the amplitude of the ERP correlates of strategic monitoring as a function of the relevance of the valence for the PM task. Unpleasant pictures seemed to modulate especially the retrospective component, as revealed by the largest old/new effect being elicited by unpleasant PM pictures in the recognition task.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgia Cona
- Department of General Psychology, University of Padua Padua, Italy
| | - Matthias Kliegel
- Department of Psychology, University of Geneva Genève, Switzerland
| | - Patrizia S Bisiacchi
- Department of General Psychology, University of Padua Padua, Italy ; Department of General Psychology, Center for Cognitive Neuroscience, University of Padua Padua, Italy
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47
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Mahy CE, Moses LJ, Kliegel M. The development of prospective memory in children: An executive framework. DEVELOPMENTAL REVIEW 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dr.2014.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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48
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The development of prospective memory in preschool children using naturalistic tasks. J Exp Child Psychol 2014; 127:8-23. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jecp.2013.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2013] [Revised: 09/05/2013] [Accepted: 10/08/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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49
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Theory of mind and switching predict prospective memory performance in adolescents. J Exp Child Psychol 2014; 127:163-75. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jecp.2014.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2013] [Revised: 03/24/2014] [Accepted: 03/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Mahy CEV, Voigt B, Ballhausen N, Schnitzspahn K, Ellis J, Kliegel M. The impact of cognitive control on children's goal monitoring in a time-based prospective memory task. Child Neuropsychol 2014; 21:823-39. [PMID: 25342074 DOI: 10.1080/09297049.2014.967202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The present study investigated whether developmental changes in cognitive control may underlie improvements of time-based prospective memory. Five-, 7-, 9-, and 11-year-olds (N = 166) completed a driving simulation task (ongoing task) in which they had to refuel their vehicle at specific points in time (PM task). The availability of cognitive control resources was experimentally manipulated by imposing a secondary task that required divided attention. Children completed the driving simulation task both in a full-attention condition and a divided-attention condition where they had to carry out a secondary task. Results revealed that older children performed better than younger children on the ongoing task and PM task. Children performed worse on the ongoing and PM tasks in the divided-attention condition compared to the full-attention condition. With respect to time monitoring in the final interval prior to the PM target, divided attention interacted with age such that older children's time monitoring was more negatively affected by the secondary task compared to younger children. Results are discussed in terms of developmental shifts from reactive to proactive monitoring strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caitlin E V Mahy
- a Department of Psychology , Brock University , St. Catharines , ON L2S 3A1 , Canada
| | - Babett Voigt
- b Department of Psychology , University of Geneva , Geneva , Switzerland
| | - Nicola Ballhausen
- b Department of Psychology , University of Geneva , Geneva , Switzerland
| | | | - Judi Ellis
- c School of Psychology and Clinical Language Sciences , University of Reading , Reading , United Kingdom
| | - Matthias Kliegel
- b Department of Psychology , University of Geneva , Geneva , Switzerland
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