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Carlantoni C, Liekfeld LMH, Hemkemeyer SA, Schreier D, Saygi C, Kurelic R, Cardarelli S, Kalucka J, Schulte C, Beerens M, Mailer RK, Schäffer TE, Naro F, Pellegrini M, Nikolaev VO, Renné T, Frye M. The phosphodiesterase 2A controls lymphatic junctional maturation via cGMP-dependent notch signaling. Dev Cell 2024; 59:308-325.e11. [PMID: 38159569 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2023.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
The molecular mechanisms by which lymphatic vessels induce cell contact inhibition are not understood. Here, we identify the cGMP-dependent phosphodiesterase 2A (PDE2A) as a selective regulator of lymphatic but not of blood endothelial contact inhibition. Conditional deletion of Pde2a in mouse embryos reveals severe lymphatic dysplasia, whereas blood vessel architecture remains unaltered. In the absence of PDE2A, human lymphatic endothelial cells fail to induce mature junctions and cell cycle arrest, whereas cGMP levels, but not cAMP levels, are increased. Loss of PDE2A-mediated cGMP hydrolysis leads to the activation of p38 signaling and downregulation of NOTCH signaling. However, DLL4-induced NOTCH activation restores junctional maturation and contact inhibition in PDE2A-deficient human lymphatic endothelial cells. In postnatal mouse mesenteries, PDE2A is specifically enriched in collecting lymphatic valves, and loss of Pde2a results in the formation of abnormal valves. Our data demonstrate that PDE2A selectively finetunes a crosstalk of cGMP, p38, and NOTCH signaling during lymphatic vessel maturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Carlantoni
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg 20246, Germany; German Centre of Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Hamburg/Luebeck/Kiel, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Leon M H Liekfeld
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg 20246, Germany
| | - Sandra A Hemkemeyer
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg 20246, Germany; German Centre of Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Hamburg/Luebeck/Kiel, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Danny Schreier
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg 20246, Germany
| | - Ceren Saygi
- Bioinformatics Core, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg 20246, Germany
| | - Roberta Kurelic
- Institute of Experimental Cardiovascular Research, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg 20246, Germany
| | - Silvia Cardarelli
- DAHFMO-Unit of Histology and Medical Embryology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Joanna Kalucka
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Christian Schulte
- German Centre of Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Hamburg/Luebeck/Kiel, Hamburg, Germany; Department of Cardiology, University Heart & Vascular Center Hamburg, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Manu Beerens
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg 20246, Germany; German Centre of Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Hamburg/Luebeck/Kiel, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Reiner K Mailer
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg 20246, Germany
| | - Tilman E Schäffer
- Institute of Applied Physics, University of Tuebingen, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Fabio Naro
- DAHFMO-Unit of Histology and Medical Embryology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Manuela Pellegrini
- DAHFMO-Unit of Histology and Medical Embryology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, IBBC-CNR, Campus A. Buzzati Traverso, Monterotondo Scalo, Rome 00015, Italy
| | - Viacheslav O Nikolaev
- German Centre of Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Hamburg/Luebeck/Kiel, Hamburg, Germany; Institute of Experimental Cardiovascular Research, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg 20246, Germany
| | - Thomas Renné
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg 20246, Germany; Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis (CTH), Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany; Irish Centre for Vascular Biology, School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Maike Frye
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg 20246, Germany; German Centre of Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Hamburg/Luebeck/Kiel, Hamburg, Germany.
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Delhaye S, Jarjat M, Boulksibat A, Sanchez C, Tempio A, Turtoi A, Giorgi M, Lacas-Gervais S, Baj G, Rovere C, Trezza V, Pellegrini M, Maurin T, Lalli E, Bardoni B. Defects in AMPAR trafficking and microglia activation underlie socio-cognitive deficits associated to decreased expression of phosphodiesterase 2 a. Neurobiol Dis 2024; 191:106393. [PMID: 38154608 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2023.106393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Phosphodiesterase 2 A (PDE2A) is an enzyme involved in the homeostasis of cAMP and cGMP and is the most highly expressed PDE in human brain regions critical for socio-cognitive behavior. In cerebral cortex and hippocampus, PDE2A expression level is upregulated in Fmr1-KO mice, a model of the Fragile X Syndrome (FXS), the most common form of inherited intellectual disability (ID) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Indeed, PDE2A translation is negatively modulated by FMRP, whose functional absence causes FXS. While the pharmacological inhibition of PDE2A has been associated to its pro-cognitive role in normal animals and in models of ID and ASD, homozygous PDE2A mutations have been identified in patients affected by ID, ASD and epilepsy. To clarify this apparent paradox about the role of PDE2A in brain development, we characterized here Pde2a+/- mice (homozygote animals being not viable) at the behavioral, cellular, molecular and electrophysiological levels. Pde2a+/- females display a milder form of the disorder with reduced cognitive performance in adulthood, conversely males show severe socio-cognitive deficits throughout their life. In males, these phenotypes are associated with microglia activation, elevated glutathione levels and increased externalization of Glutamate receptor (GluR1) in CA1, producing reduced mGluR-dependent Long-term Depression. Overall, our results reveal molecular targets of the PDE2A-dependent pathway underlying socio-cognitive performance. These results clarify the mechanism of action of pro-cognitive drugs based on PDE2A inactivation, which have been shown to be promising therapeutic approaches for Alzheimer's disease, schizophrenia, FXS as well as other forms of ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sébastien Delhaye
- CNRS UMR7275, Inserm U1323, Université Côte d'Azur, Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, 06560 Valbonne, France
| | - Marielle Jarjat
- CNRS UMR7275, Inserm U1323, Université Côte d'Azur, Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, 06560 Valbonne, France
| | - Asma Boulksibat
- CNRS UMR7275, Inserm U1323, Université Côte d'Azur, Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, 06560 Valbonne, France
| | - Clara Sanchez
- CNRS UMR7275, Inserm U1323, Université Côte d'Azur, Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, 06560 Valbonne, France
| | - Alessandra Tempio
- CNRS UMR7275, Inserm U1323, Université Côte d'Azur, Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, 06560 Valbonne, France
| | - Andrei Turtoi
- Inserm U1194, Université Montpellier, Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, 34298 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Mauro Giorgi
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic and Orthopaedic Sciences, DAHFMO, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Sandra Lacas-Gervais
- Université Côte d'Azur, Centre Commun de Microscopie Appliquée, 06100 Nice, France
| | - Gabriele Baj
- Department of Life Science, University of Trieste, 34100 Trieste, Italy
| | - Carole Rovere
- CNRS UMR7275, Inserm U1323, Université Côte d'Azur, Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, 06560 Valbonne, France
| | | | - Manuela Pellegrini
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic and Orthopaedic Sciences, DAHFMO, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, IBBC-CNR, 00015 Monterotondo Scalo, Rome, Italy
| | - Thomas Maurin
- CNRS UMR7275, Inserm U1323, Université Côte d'Azur, Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, 06560 Valbonne, France
| | - Enzo Lalli
- CNRS UMR7275, Inserm U1323, Université Côte d'Azur, Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, 06560 Valbonne, France
| | - Barbara Bardoni
- CNRS UMR7275, Inserm U1323, Université Côte d'Azur, Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, 06560 Valbonne, France.
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Metkar SK, Yan Y, Lu Y, Lu J, Zhu X, Du F, Xu Y. Phosphodiesterase 2 and Its Isoform A as Therapeutic Targets in the Central Nervous System Disorders. CNS & NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS DRUG TARGETS 2024; 23:941-955. [PMID: 37855295 DOI: 10.2174/1871527323666230811093126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
Cyclic adenosine monophosphates (cAMP) and cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) are two essential second messengers, which are hydrolyzed by phosphodiesterase's (PDEs), such as PDE-2. Pharmacological inhibition of PDE-2 (PDE2A) in the central nervous system improves cAMP and cGMP signaling, which controls downstream proteins related to neuropsychiatric, neurodegenerative, and neurodevelopmental disorders. Considering that there are no specific treatments for these disorders, PDE-2 inhibitors' development has gained more attention in the recent decade. There is high demand for developing new-generation drugs targeting PDE2 for treating diseases in the central nervous and peripheral systems. This review summarizes the relationship between PDE-2 with neuropsychiatric, neurodegenerative, and neurodevelopmental disorders as well as its possible treatment, mainly involving inhibitors of PDE2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjay K Metkar
- Department of Anesthesiology, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Newark, NJ 07103, USA
| | - Yuqing Yan
- Department of Anesthesiology, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Newark, NJ 07103, USA
| | - Yue Lu
- Department of Anesthesiology, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Newark, NJ 07103, USA
| | - Jianming Lu
- Codex BioSolutions Inc. 12358 Parklawn Drive, Suite 250A, Rockville, MD 20852, Maryland
| | - Xiongwei Zhu
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106; USA
| | - Fu Du
- FD NeuroTechnologies Consulting & Services, Inc., Columbia, MD 21046, Maryland
| | - Ying Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Newark, NJ 07103, USA
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4
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Kern HM, Waugh JL. Expanding Knowledge of the Causes of Childhood Chorea. Semin Pediatr Neurol 2023; 47:101088. [PMID: 37919039 DOI: 10.1016/j.spen.2023.101088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
INHERITED AND ACQUIRED CHOREAS Paolo Claudio M. de Gusmao, Jeff L. Waugh Seminars in Pediatric Neurology Volume 25, April 2018, Pages 42-53 Chorea is a symptom of a broad array of genetic, structural, and metabolic disorders. While chorea can result from systemic illness and damage to diverse brain structures, injury to the basal ganglia, especially the putamen or globus pallidus, appears to be a uniting features of these diverse neuropathologies. The timing of onset, rate of progression, and the associated neurological or systemic symptoms can often narrow the differential diagnosis to a few disorders. Recognizing the correct etiology for childhood chorea is critical, as numerous disorders in this category are potentially curable, or are remediable, with early treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- H M Kern
- Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, TX
| | - J L Waugh
- Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, TX.
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5
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Yan Y, Zhao Y, Lu Y, Acharya AP, Wang W, Zhan CG, Ye J, Du F, Zhu X, Xu Y. Characterization of 2 Novel Phosphodiesterase 2 Inhibitors Hcyb1 and PF-05180999 on Depression- and Anxiety-Like Behavior. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol 2023; 26:415-425. [PMID: 37208298 PMCID: PMC10289143 DOI: 10.1093/ijnp/pyad020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Phosphodiesterase 2A (PDE2A) represents a novel target for new therapies addressing psychiatric disorders. To date, the development of PDE2A inhibitors suitable for human clinical evaluation has been hampered by the poor brain accessibility and metabolic stability of the available compounds. METHODS Corticosterone (CORT)-induced neuronal cell lesion and restraint stress mouse model were used to measure the neuroprotective effect in cells and antidepressant-like behavior in mice. RESULTS The cell-based assay showed that both Hcyb1 and PF were potent in protecting cells against stress hormone CORT insults by stimulating cAMP and cGMP signaling in hippocampal cells (HT-22). Administration of both compounds before treatment of CORT to cells increased cAMP/cGMP, VASP phosphorylation at Ser239 and Ser157, cAMP response element binding protein phosphorylation at Ser133, and brain derived neurotrophic factor BDNF expression. Further in vivo study showed that both Hcyb1 and PF displayed -antidepressant- and anxiolytic-like effects against restraint stress as indicated by reduced immobility time in the forced swimming and tail suspension tasks as well as increased open arm entries and time spent in open arms and holes visit in elevated plus maze and hole-board tests, respectively. The biochemical study confirmed that these antidepressant- and anxiolytic-like effects of Hcyb1 and PF were related to cAMP and cGMP signaling in the hippocampus. CONCLUSIONS The results extend the previous studies and validate that PDE2A is a tractable target for drug development in the treatment of emotional disorders such as depression and anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqing Yan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey, Newark, New Jersey, USA
| | - Yuhan Zhao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey, Newark, New Jersey, USA
| | - Yue Lu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey, Newark, New Jersey, USA
| | - Abhinav P Acharya
- Chemical Engineering School for the Engineering of Matter, Transport, and Energy, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, USA
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Arizona Center for Drug Discovery, College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Chang-Guo Zhan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Jianghong Ye
- Department of Anesthesiology, Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey, Newark, New Jersey, USA
| | - Fu Du
- FD NeuroTechnologies Consulting and Services, Inc., Columbia, Maryland, USA
| | - Xiongwei Zhu
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Ying Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey, Newark, New Jersey, USA
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
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6
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Bechay KR, Abduljawad N, Latifi S, Suzuki K, Iwashita H, Carmichael ST. PDE2A Inhibition Enhances Axonal Sprouting, Functional Connectivity, and Recovery after Stroke. J Neurosci 2022; 42:8225-8236. [PMID: 36163142 PMCID: PMC9653274 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.0730-22.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibitors have been safely and effectively used in the clinic and increase the concentration of intracellular cyclic nucleotides (cAMP/cGMP). These molecules activate downstream mediators, including the cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB), which controls neuronal excitability and growth responses. CREB gain of function enhances learning and allocates neurons into memory engrams. CREB also controls recovery after stroke. PDE inhibitors are linked to recovery from neural damage and to stroke recovery in specific sites within the brain. PDE2A is enriched in cortex. In the present study, we use a mouse cortical stroke model in young adult and aged male mice to test the effect of PDE2A inhibition on functional recovery, and on downstream mechanisms of axonal sprouting, tissue repair, and the functional connectivity of neurons in recovering cortex. Stroke causes deficits in use of the contralateral forelimb, loss of axonal projections in cortex adjacent to the infarct, and functional disconnection of neuronal networks. PDE2A inhibition enhances functional recovery, increases axonal projections in peri-infarct cortex, and, through two-photon in vivo imaging, enhances the functional connectivity of motor system excitatory neurons. PDE2A inhibition after stroke does not have an effect on other aspects of tissue repair, such as angiogenesis, gliogenesis, neurogenesis, and inflammatory responses. These data suggest that PDE2A inhibition is an effective therapeutic approach for stroke recovery in the rodent and that it simultaneously enhances connectivity in peri-infarct neuronal populations.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Inhibition of PDE2A enhances motor recovery, axonal projections, and functional connectivity of neurons in peri-infarct tissue. This represents an avenue for a pharmacological therapy for stroke recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirollos Raouf Bechay
- David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - Nora Abduljawad
- David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - Shahrzad Latifi
- David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - Kazunori Suzuki
- Neuroscience Drug Discovery Unit, Research, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Fujisawa 251-8555, Japan
| | - Hiroki Iwashita
- Neuroscience Drug Discovery Unit, Research, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Fujisawa 251-8555, Japan
| | - S Thomas Carmichael
- David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095
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7
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Schiavi S, Carbone E, Melancia F, di Masi A, Jarjat M, Brau F, Cardarelli S, Giorgi M, Bardoni B, Trezza V. Phosphodiesterase 2A inhibition corrects the aberrant behavioral traits observed in genetic and environmental preclinical models of Autism Spectrum Disorder. Transl Psychiatry 2022; 12:119. [PMID: 35338117 PMCID: PMC8956682 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-022-01885-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Pharmacological inhibition of phosphodiesterase 2A (PDE2A), which catalyzes the hydrolysis of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) and cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP), has recently been proposed as a novel therapeutic tool for Fragile X Syndrome (FXS), the leading monogenic cause of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Here, we investigated the role of PDE2A in ASD pathogenesis using two rat models that reflect one of either the genetic or environmental factors involved in the human disease: the genetic Fmr1-Δexon 8 rat model and the environmental rat model based on prenatal exposure to valproic acid (VPA, 500 mg/kg). Prior to behavioral testing, the offspring was treated with the PDE2A inhibitor BAY607550 (0.05 mg/kg at infancy, 0.1 mg/kg at adolescence and adulthood). Socio-communicative symptoms were assessed in both models through the ultrasonic vocalization test at infancy and three-chamber test at adolescence and adulthood, while cognitive impairments were assessed by the novel object recognition test in Fmr1-Δexon 8 rats (adolescence and adulthood) and by the inhibitory avoidance test in VPA-exposed rats (adulthood). PDE2A enzymatic activity in VPA-exposed infant rats was also assessed. In line with the increased PDE2A enzymatic activity previously observed in the brain of Fmr1-KO animals, we found an altered upstream regulation of PDE2A activity in the brain of VPA-exposed rats at an early developmental age (p < 0.05). Pharmacological inhibition of PDE2A normalized the communicative (p < 0.01, p < 0.05), social (p < 0.001, p < 0.05), and cognitive impairment (p < 0.001) displayed by both Fmr1-Δexon 8 and VPA-exposed rats. Altogether, these data highlight a key role of PDE2A in brain development and point to PDE2A inhibition as a promising pharmacological approach for the deficits common to both FXS and ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Schiavi
- grid.8509.40000000121622106Deptartment of Science, University “Roma Tre”, Rome, Italy
| | - Emilia Carbone
- grid.8509.40000000121622106Deptartment of Science, University “Roma Tre”, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Melancia
- grid.8509.40000000121622106Deptartment of Science, University “Roma Tre”, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandra di Masi
- grid.8509.40000000121622106Deptartment of Science, University “Roma Tre”, Rome, Italy
| | - Marielle Jarjat
- grid.429194.30000 0004 0638 0649Université Côte d’Azur, CNRS, IPMC, 06560 Valbonne, France
| | - Fréderic Brau
- grid.429194.30000 0004 0638 0649Université Côte d’Azur, CNRS, IPMC, 06560 Valbonne, France
| | - Silvia Cardarelli
- grid.7841.aDeptartment of Biology and Biotechnology “Charles Darwin”, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Mauro Giorgi
- grid.7841.aDeptartment of Biology and Biotechnology “Charles Darwin”, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Barbara Bardoni
- Université Côte d'Azur, Inserm, CNRS, IPMC, 06560, Valbonne, France.
| | - Viviana Trezza
- Deptartment of Science, University "Roma Tre", Rome, Italy.
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Wills L, Ables JL, Braunscheidel KM, Caligiuri SPB, Elayouby KS, Fillinger C, Ishikawa M, Moen JK, Kenny PJ. Neurobiological Mechanisms of Nicotine Reward and Aversion. Pharmacol Rev 2022; 74:271-310. [PMID: 35017179 PMCID: PMC11060337 DOI: 10.1124/pharmrev.121.000299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) regulate the rewarding actions of nicotine contained in tobacco that establish and maintain the smoking habit. nAChRs also regulate the aversive properties of nicotine, sensitivity to which decreases tobacco use and protects against tobacco use disorder. These opposing behavioral actions of nicotine reflect nAChR expression in brain reward and aversion circuits. nAChRs containing α4 and β2 subunits are responsible for the high-affinity nicotine binding sites in the brain and are densely expressed by reward-relevant neurons, most notably dopaminergic, GABAergic, and glutamatergic neurons in the ventral tegmental area. High-affinity nAChRs can incorporate additional subunits, including β3, α6, or α5 subunits, with the resulting nAChR subtypes playing discrete and dissociable roles in the stimulatory actions of nicotine on brain dopamine transmission. nAChRs in brain dopamine circuits also participate in aversive reactions to nicotine and the negative affective state experienced during nicotine withdrawal. nAChRs containing α3 and β4 subunits are responsible for the low-affinity nicotine binding sites in the brain and are enriched in brain sites involved in aversion, including the medial habenula, interpeduncular nucleus, and nucleus of the solitary tract, brain sites in which α5 nAChR subunits are also expressed. These aversion-related brain sites regulate nicotine avoidance behaviors, and genetic variation that modifies the function of nAChRs in these sites increases vulnerability to tobacco dependence and smoking-related diseases. Here, we review the molecular, cellular, and circuit-level mechanisms through which nicotine elicits reward and aversion and the adaptations in these processes that drive the development of nicotine dependence. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Tobacco use disorder in the form of habitual cigarette smoking or regular use of other tobacco-related products is a major cause of death and disease worldwide. This article reviews the actions of nicotine in the brain that contribute to tobacco use disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren Wills
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, New York
| | - Jessica L Ables
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, New York
| | - Kevin M Braunscheidel
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, New York
| | - Stephanie P B Caligiuri
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, New York
| | - Karim S Elayouby
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, New York
| | - Clementine Fillinger
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, New York
| | - Masago Ishikawa
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, New York
| | - Janna K Moen
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, New York
| | - Paul J Kenny
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, New York
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9
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Mota É, Bompierre S, Betolngar D, Castro LRV, Vincent P. Pivotal role of phosphodiesterase 10A in the integration of dopamine signals in mice striatal D1 and D2 medium-sized spiny neurones. Br J Pharmacol 2021; 178:4873-4890. [PMID: 34399440 DOI: 10.1111/bph.15664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Dopamine in the striatum plays a crucial role in reward processes and action selection. Dopamine signals are transduced by D1 and D2 dopamine receptors which trigger mirror effects through the cAMP/PKA signalling cascade in D1 and D2 medium-sized spiny neurones (MSNs). Phosphodiesterases (PDEs), which determine the profile of cAMP signals, are highly expressed in MSNs, but their respective roles in dopamine signal integration remain poorly understood. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH We used genetically-encoded FRET biosensors to monitor at the single cell level the functional contribution of PDE2A, PDE4 and PDE10A in the changes of the cAMP/PKA response to transient and continuous dopamine in mouse striatal brain slices. KEY RESULTS We found that PDE2A, PDE4 and PDE10A operate on the moderate to high cAMP levels elicited by D1 or A2A receptor stimulation. In contrast, only PDE10A is able to reduce cAMP down to baseline in both type of neurones, leading to the dephosphorylation of PKA substrates. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS In both MSN types, PDE10A inhibition blunts the responsiveness to dopamine, whereas PDE2A or PDE4 inhibition reinforces dopamine action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Élia Mota
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Biological Adaptation and Ageing, UMR 8256, Paris, France.,Now at Novel Human Genetics Research Unit, GSK R&D, Stevenage, UK
| | - Ségolène Bompierre
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Biological Adaptation and Ageing, UMR 8256, Paris, France
| | - Dahdjim Betolngar
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Biological Adaptation and Ageing, UMR 8256, Paris, France
| | - Liliana R V Castro
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Biological Adaptation and Ageing, UMR 8256, Paris, France
| | - Pierre Vincent
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Biological Adaptation and Ageing, UMR 8256, Paris, France
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10
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Lee AM, Mansuri MS, Wilson RS, Lam TT, Nairn AC, Picciotto MR. Sex Differences in the Ventral Tegmental Area and Nucleus Accumbens Proteome at Baseline and Following Nicotine Exposure. Front Mol Neurosci 2021; 14:657064. [PMID: 34335180 PMCID: PMC8317211 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2021.657064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Sex differences in behaviors relevant to nicotine addiction have been observed in rodent models and human subjects. Behavioral, imaging, and epidemiological studies also suggest underlying sex differences in mesolimbic dopamine signaling pathways. In this study we evaluated the proteome in the ventral tegmental area (VTA) and nucleus accumbens (NAc) shell in male and female mice. Experimental groups included two mouse strains (C3H/HeJ and C57BL/6J) at baseline, a sub-chronic, rewarding regimen of nicotine in C3H/HeJ mice, and chronic nicotine administration and withdrawal in C57BL/6J mice. Isobaric labeling with a TMT 10-plex system, sample fractionation, and tandem mass spectrometry were used to quantify changes in protein abundance. In C3H/HeJ mice, similar numbers of proteins were differentially regulated between sexes at baseline compared with within each sex after sub-chronic nicotine administration. In C57BL/6J mice, there were significantly greater numbers of proteins differentially regulated between sexes at baseline compared with within each sex after chronic nicotine administration and withdrawal. Despite differences by sex, strain, and nicotine exposure parameters, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and dopamine and cAMP-regulated phosphoprotein of 32 kDa (DARPP-32, Ppp1r1b) were repeatedly identified as significantly altered proteins, especially in the VTA. Further, network analyses showed sex- and nicotine-dependent regulation of a number of signaling pathways, including dopaminergic signaling. Sub-chronic nicotine exposure in female mice increased proteins related to dopaminergic signaling in the NAc shell but decreased them in the VTA, whereas the opposite pattern was observed in male mice. In contrast, dopaminergic signaling pathways were similarly upregulated in both male and female VTA after chronic nicotine and withdrawal. Overall, this study identifies significant sex differences in the proteome of the mesolimbic system, at baseline and after nicotine reward or withdrawal, which may help explain differential trajectories and susceptibility to nicotine addiction in males and females.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela M Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States.,Yale Interdepartmental Neuroscience Program, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Mohammad Shahid Mansuri
- Yale/NIDA Neuroproteomics Center, New Haven, CT, United States.,Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Rashaun S Wilson
- Yale/NIDA Neuroproteomics Center, New Haven, CT, United States.,Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States.,W.M Keck Biotechnology Resource Laboratory, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - TuKiet T Lam
- Yale/NIDA Neuroproteomics Center, New Haven, CT, United States.,Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States.,W.M Keck Biotechnology Resource Laboratory, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Angus C Nairn
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States.,Yale/NIDA Neuroproteomics Center, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Marina R Picciotto
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States.,Yale Interdepartmental Neuroscience Program, New Haven, CT, United States
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11
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Al-Nema MY, Gaurav A. Phosphodiesterase as a Target for Cognition Enhancement in Schizophrenia. Curr Top Med Chem 2021; 20:2404-2421. [PMID: 32533817 DOI: 10.2174/1568026620666200613202641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Revised: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Schizophrenia is a severe mental disorder that affects more than 1% of the population worldwide. Dopamine system dysfunction and alterations in glutamatergic neurotransmission are strongly implicated in the aetiology of schizophrenia. To date, antipsychotic drugs are the only available treatment for the symptoms of schizophrenia. These medications, which act as D2-receptor antagonist, adequately address the positive symptoms of the disease, but they fail to improve the negative symptoms and cognitive impairment. In schizophrenia, cognitive impairment is a core feature of the disorder. Therefore, the treatment of cognitive impairment and the other symptoms related to schizophrenia remains a significant unmet medical need. Currently, phosphodiesterases (PDEs) are considered the best drug target for the treatment of schizophrenia since many PDE subfamilies are abundant in the brain regions that are relevant to cognition. Thus, this review aims to illustrate the mechanism of PDEs in treating the symptoms of schizophrenia and summarises the encouraging results of PDE inhibitors as anti-schizophrenic drugs in preclinical and clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayasah Y Al-Nema
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UCSI University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Anand Gaurav
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UCSI University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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12
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Tang L, Jiang J, Song G, Wang Y, Wei M, Cao Y, Huang X, Feng X. Synthesis and biological activities study of novel phthalimides and phenylpyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidines. JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL RESEARCH 2021. [DOI: 10.1177/1747519821993433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Phosphodiesterase II (PDE2) is mainly distributed in brain and heart cells, and it is a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of central nervous system (CNS) diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease. Based on the structure of the existing PDE2 inhibitor BAY60-7550, a series of novel phthalimides and phenylpyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidines have been designed and prepared. Furthermore, after evaluating their inhibitory activity toward PDE2, compound 7-oxo- N-phenethyl-5-phenyl-4,7-dihydropyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidine-3-carboxamide is found to have the optimum inhibitory potential (IC50: 1.82 ± 0.29 μM). Discovery Studio software used to simulate the structure–activity relationship between this compound and the PDE2 protein crystal 4HTX to illustrate the binding modes, which provides favorable guidance for the further development of effective PDE2 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Tang
- Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products, CAF; National Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Chemical Utilization; Key and Open Laboratory of Forest Chemical Engineering, SFA; Key Laboratory of Biomass Energy Sources and Materials, Nanjing, P.R. China
- School of Pharmaceutical Engineering & Life Science, Changzhou University, Changzhou, P.R. China
| | - Jianchun Jiang
- Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products, CAF; National Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Chemical Utilization; Key and Open Laboratory of Forest Chemical Engineering, SFA; Key Laboratory of Biomass Energy Sources and Materials, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Guoqiang Song
- School of Pharmaceutical Engineering & Life Science, Changzhou University, Changzhou, P.R. China
| | - Yajing Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Engineering & Life Science, Changzhou University, Changzhou, P.R. China
| | - Min Wei
- Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products, CAF; National Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Chemical Utilization; Key and Open Laboratory of Forest Chemical Engineering, SFA; Key Laboratory of Biomass Energy Sources and Materials, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Yijing Cao
- School of Pharmaceutical Engineering & Life Science, Changzhou University, Changzhou, P.R. China
| | - Xianfeng Huang
- School of Pharmaceutical Engineering & Life Science, Changzhou University, Changzhou, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoqing Feng
- School of Pharmaceutical Engineering & Life Science, Changzhou University, Changzhou, P.R. China
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13
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Schröder S, Scheunemann M, Wenzel B, Brust P. Challenges on Cyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterases Imaging with Positron Emission Tomography: Novel Radioligands and (Pre-)Clinical Insights since 2016. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22083832. [PMID: 33917199 PMCID: PMC8068090 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22083832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases (PDEs) represent one of the key targets in the research field of intracellular signaling related to the second messenger molecules cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) and/or cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP). Hence, non-invasive imaging of this enzyme class by positron emission tomography (PET) using appropriate isoform-selective PDE radioligands is gaining importance. This methodology enables the in vivo diagnosis and staging of numerous diseases associated with altered PDE density or activity in the periphery and the central nervous system as well as the translational evaluation of novel PDE inhibitors as therapeutics. In this follow-up review, we summarize the efforts in the development of novel PDE radioligands and highlight (pre-)clinical insights from PET studies using already known PDE radioligands since 2016.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susann Schröder
- Department of Research and Development, ROTOP Pharmaka Ltd., 01328 Dresden, Germany
- Department of Neuroradiopharmaceuticals, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Research Site Leipzig, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), 04318 Leipzig, Germany; (M.S.); (B.W.); (P.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-341-234-179-4631
| | - Matthias Scheunemann
- Department of Neuroradiopharmaceuticals, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Research Site Leipzig, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), 04318 Leipzig, Germany; (M.S.); (B.W.); (P.B.)
| | - Barbara Wenzel
- Department of Neuroradiopharmaceuticals, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Research Site Leipzig, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), 04318 Leipzig, Germany; (M.S.); (B.W.); (P.B.)
| | - Peter Brust
- Department of Neuroradiopharmaceuticals, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Research Site Leipzig, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), 04318 Leipzig, Germany; (M.S.); (B.W.); (P.B.)
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14
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Paes D, Xie K, Wheeler DG, Zook D, Prickaerts J, Peters M. Inhibition of PDE2 and PDE4 synergistically improves memory consolidation processes. Neuropharmacology 2021; 184:108414. [PMID: 33249120 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2020.108414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Revised: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Phosphodiesterases (PDE) are the only enzymes that degrade cAMP and cGMP which are second messengers crucial to memory consolidation. Different PDE inhibitors have been developed and tested for their memory-enhancing potential, but the occurrence of side effects has hampered clinical progression. As separate inhibition of the PDE2 and PDE4 enzyme family has been shown to enhance memory, we investigated whether concurrent treatment with a PDE2 and PDE4 inhibitor can have synergistic effects on memory consolidation processes. We found that combined administration of PF-999 (PDE2 inhibitor) and roflumilast (PDE4 inhibitor) increases the phosphorylation of the AMPA receptor subunit GluR1 and induces CRE-mediated gene expression. Moreover, when combined sub-effective and effective doses of PF-999 and roflumilast were administered after learning, time-dependent forgetting was abolished in an object location memory task. Pharmacokinetic assessment indicated that combined treatment does not alter exposure of the individual compounds. Taken together, these findings suggest that combined PDE2 and PDE4 inhibition has synergistic effects on memory consolidation processes at sub-effective doses, which could therefore provide a therapeutic strategy with an improved safety profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dean Paes
- School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, Maastricht University, Universiteitssingel 50, 6229, ER Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Keqiang Xie
- In Vitro Pharmacology, Dart Neuroscience, LLC, 12278 Scripps Summit Drive, San Diego, CA, 92131, USA
| | - Damian G Wheeler
- Target Discovery & Behavioral Pharmacology, Dart Neuroscience, LLC, 12278 Scripps Summit Drive, San Diego, CA, 92131, USA
| | - Douglas Zook
- DMPK, Dart Neuroscience, LLC, 12278 Scripps Summit Drive, San Diego, CA, 92131, USA
| | - Jos Prickaerts
- School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, Maastricht University, Universiteitssingel 50, 6229, ER Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Marco Peters
- Target Discovery & Behavioral Pharmacology, Dart Neuroscience, LLC, 12278 Scripps Summit Drive, San Diego, CA, 92131, USA; Neurobiology and Behavior & Center for the Neurobiology of Learning and Memory, University of California Irvine, 213 Qureshey Research Lab, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA.
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15
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Tresadern G, Velter I, Trabanco AA, Van den Keybus F, Macdonald GJ, Somers MVF, Vanhoof G, Leonard PM, Lamers MBAC, Van Roosbroeck YEM, Buijnsters PJJA. [1,2,4]Triazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidine Phosphodiesterase 2A Inhibitors: Structure and Free-Energy Perturbation-Guided Exploration. J Med Chem 2020; 63:12887-12910. [PMID: 33105987 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c01272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
We describe the hit-to-lead exploration of a [1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine phosphodiesterase 2A (PDE2A) inhibitor arising from high-throughput screening. X-ray crystallography enabled structure-guided design, leading to the identification of preferred substructural components. Further rounds of optimization used relative binding free-energy calculations to prioritize different substituents from the large accessible chemical space. The free-energy perturbation (FEP) calculations were performed for 265 putative PDE2A inhibitors, and 100 compounds were synthesized representing a relatively large prospective application providing unexpectedly active molecules with IC50's from 2340 to 0.89 nM. Lead compound 46 originating from the FEP calculations showed PDE2A inhibition IC50 of 1.3 ± 0.39 nM, ∼100-fold selectivity versus other PDE enzymes, clean cytochrome P450 profile, in vivo target occupancy, and promise for further lead optimization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gary Tresadern
- Computational Chemistry, Janssen Pharmaceutica N. V., Turnhoutseweg 30, B-2340 Beerse, Belgium
| | - Ingrid Velter
- Medicinal Chemistry, Janssen Pharmaceutica N. V., Turnhoutseweg 30, B-2340 Beerse, Belgium
| | - Andrés A Trabanco
- Medicinal Chemistry, Janssen Research & Development, Janssen-Cilag S. A., Jarama 75A, 45007 Toledo, Spain
| | - Frans Van den Keybus
- Medicinal Chemistry, Janssen Pharmaceutica N. V., Turnhoutseweg 30, B-2340 Beerse, Belgium
| | - Gregor J Macdonald
- Medicinal Chemistry, Janssen Pharmaceutica N. V., Turnhoutseweg 30, B-2340 Beerse, Belgium
| | - Marijke V F Somers
- Discovery Sciences, Janssen Research & Development, Janssen Pharmaceutica N. V., Turnhoutseweg 30, B-2340 Beerse, Belgium
| | - Greet Vanhoof
- Discovery Sciences, Janssen Research & Development, Janssen Pharmaceutica N. V., Turnhoutseweg 30, B-2340 Beerse, Belgium
| | - Philip M Leonard
- Structural Biology, Charles River Discovery (Previously BioFocus), Chesterford Research Park, Saffron Walden, CB10 1XL Essex, U.K
| | - Marieke B A C Lamers
- Structural Biology, Charles River Discovery (Previously BioFocus), Chesterford Research Park, Saffron Walden, CB10 1XL Essex, U.K
| | | | - Peter J J A Buijnsters
- Medicinal Chemistry, Janssen Pharmaceutica N. V., Turnhoutseweg 30, B-2340 Beerse, Belgium
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16
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Maurin T, Melancia F, Jarjat M, Castro L, Costa L, Delhaye S, Khayachi A, Castagnola S, Mota E, Di Giorgio A, Servadio M, Drozd M, Poupon G, Schiavi S, Sardone L, Azoulay S, Ciranna L, Martin S, Vincent P, Trezza V, Bardoni B. Involvement of Phosphodiesterase 2A Activity in the Pathophysiology of Fragile X Syndrome. Cereb Cortex 2020; 29:3241-3252. [PMID: 30137253 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhy192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2018] [Revised: 07/12/2018] [Accepted: 07/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The fragile X mental retardation protein (FMRP) is an RNA-binding protein involved in translational regulation of mRNAs that play key roles in synaptic morphology and plasticity. The functional absence of FMRP causes the fragile X syndrome (FXS), the most common form of inherited intellectual disability and the most common monogenic cause of autism. No effective treatment is available for FXS. We recently identified the Phosphodiesterase 2A (Pde2a) mRNA as a prominent target of FMRP. PDE2A enzymatic activity is increased in the brain of Fmr1-KO mice, a recognized model of FXS, leading to decreased levels of cAMP and cGMP. Here, we pharmacologically inhibited PDE2A in Fmr1-KO mice and observed a rescue both of the maturity of dendritic spines and of the exaggerated hippocampal mGluR-dependent long-term depression. Remarkably, PDE2A blockade rescued the social and communicative deficits of both mouse and rat Fmr1-KO animals. Importantly, chronic inhibition of PDE2A in newborn Fmr1-KO mice followed by a washout interval, resulted in the rescue of the altered social behavior observed in adolescent mice. Altogether, these results reveal the key role of PDE2A in the physiopathology of FXS and suggest that its pharmacological inhibition represents a novel therapeutic approach for FXS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Maurin
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, IPMC, Valbonne, France.,CNRS LIA «Neogenex», Valbonne, France
| | | | - Marielle Jarjat
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, IPMC, Valbonne, France.,CNRS LIA «Neogenex», Valbonne, France
| | - Liliana Castro
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Biological Adaptation and Ageing, Paris, France.,Labex BioPsy, Paris, France
| | - Lara Costa
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Sébastien Delhaye
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, IPMC, Valbonne, France.,CNRS LIA «Neogenex», Valbonne, France
| | | | - Sara Castagnola
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, IPMC, Valbonne, France.,CNRS LIA «Neogenex», Valbonne, France
| | - Elia Mota
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Biological Adaptation and Ageing, Paris, France.,Labex BioPsy, Paris, France
| | - Audrey Di Giorgio
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, Institut de Chimie de Nice, Nice, France
| | | | - Malgorzata Drozd
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, IPMC, Valbonne, France.,CNRS LIA «Neogenex», Valbonne, France
| | | | - Sara Schiavi
- Department of Sciences, Università RomaTre, Roma, Italy
| | - Lara Sardone
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Stéphane Azoulay
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, Institut de Chimie de Nice, Nice, France
| | - Lucia Ciranna
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Stéphane Martin
- Université Côte d'Azur, INSERM, CNRS, IPMC, Valbonne, France
| | - Pierre Vincent
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Biological Adaptation and Ageing, Paris, France.,Labex BioPsy, Paris, France
| | | | - Barbara Bardoni
- CNRS LIA «Neogenex», Valbonne, France.,Université Côte d'Azur, INSERM, CNRS, IPMC, Valbonne, France
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17
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Phosphodiesterases PDE2A and PDE10A both change mRNA expression in the human brain with age, but only PDE2A changes in a region-specific manner with psychiatric disease. Cell Signal 2020; 70:109592. [PMID: 32119913 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2020.109592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Revised: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Many studies implicate altered cyclic nucleotide signaling in the pathophysiology of major depressive disorder (MDD), bipolar disorder (BPD), and schizophrenia (SCZ). As such, we explored how phosphodiesterases 2A (PDE2A) and 10A (PDE10A)-enzymes that break down cyclic nucleotides-may be altered in brains of these patients. Using autoradiographic in situ hybridization on postmortem brain tissue from the Stanley Foundation Neuropathology Consortium, we measured expression of PDE2 and PDE10 mRNA in multiple brain regions implicated in psychiatric pathophysiology, including cingulate cortex, orbital frontal cortex (OFC), superior temporal gyrus, hippocampus, parahippocampal cortex, amygdala, and the striatum. We also assessed how PDE2A and PDE10A expression changes in these brain regions across development using the Allen Institute for Brain Science Brainspan database. Compared to controls, patients with SCZ, MDD and BPD all showed reduced PDE2A mRNA in the amygdala. In contrast, PDE2A expression changes in frontal cortical regions were only significant in patients with SCZ, while those in caudal entorhinal cortex, hippocampus, and the striatum were most pronounced in patients with BPD. PDE10A expression was only detected in striatum and did not differ by disease group; however, all groups showed significantly less PDE10A mRNA expression in ventral versus dorsal striatum. Across development, PDE2A mRNA increased in these brain regions; whereas, PDE10A mRNA expression decreased in all regions except striatum. Thus, PDE2A mRNA expression changes in both a disorder- and brain region-specific manner, potentially implicating PDE2A as a novel diagnostic and/or patient-selection biomarker or therapeutic target.
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18
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Argyrousi EK, Heckman PRA, Prickaerts J. Role of cyclic nucleotides and their downstream signaling cascades in memory function: Being at the right time at the right spot. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2020; 113:12-38. [PMID: 32044374 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2020.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Revised: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
A plethora of studies indicate the important role of cAMP and cGMP cascades in neuronal plasticity and memory function. As a result, altered cyclic nucleotide signaling has been implicated in the pathophysiology of mnemonic dysfunction encountered in several diseases. In the present review we provide a wide overview of studies regarding the involvement of cyclic nucleotides, as well as their upstream and downstream molecules, in physiological and pathological mnemonic processes. Next, we discuss the regulation of the intracellular concentration of cyclic nucleotides via phosphodiesterases, the enzymes that degrade cAMP and/or cGMP, and via A-kinase-anchoring proteins that refine signal compartmentalization of cAMP signaling. We also provide an overview of the available data pointing to the existence of specific time windows in cyclic nucleotide signaling during neuroplasticity and memory formation and the significance to target these specific time phases for improving memory formation. Finally, we highlight the importance of emerging imaging tools like Förster resonance energy transfer imaging and optogenetics in detecting, measuring and manipulating the action of cyclic nucleotide signaling cascades.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elentina K Argyrousi
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, 6200 MD, the Netherlands
| | - Pim R A Heckman
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, 6200 MD, the Netherlands
| | - Jos Prickaerts
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, 6200 MD, the Netherlands.
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19
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Radiosynthesis and Biological Investigation of a Novel Fluorine-18 Labeled Benzoimidazotriazine- Based Radioligand for the Imaging of Phosphodiesterase 2A with Positron Emission Tomography. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24224149. [PMID: 31731831 PMCID: PMC6891464 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24224149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A specific radioligand for the imaging of cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase 2A (PDE2A) via positron emission tomography (PET) would be helpful for research on the physiology and disease-related changes in the expression of this enzyme in the brain. In this report, the radiosynthesis of a novel PDE2A radioligand and the subsequent biological evaluation were described. Our prospective compound 1-(2-chloro-5-methoxy phenyl)-8-(2-fluoropyridin-4-yl)-3- methylbenzo[e]imidazo[5,1-c][1,2,4]triazine, benzoimidazotriazine (BIT1) (IC50 PDE2A = 3.33 nM; 16-fold selectivity over PDE10A) was fluorine-18 labeled via aromatic nucleophilic substitution of the corresponding nitro precursor using the K[18F]F-K2.2.2-carbonate complex system. The new radioligand [18F]BIT1 was obtained with a high radiochemical yield (54 ± 2%, n = 3), a high radiochemical purity (≥99%), and high molar activities (155–175 GBq/μmol, n = 3). In vitro autoradiography on pig brain cryosections exhibited a heterogeneous spatial distribution of [18F]BIT1 corresponding to the known pattern of expression of PDE2A. The investigation of in vivo metabolism of [18F]BIT1 in a mouse revealed sufficient metabolic stability. PET studies in mouse exhibited a moderate brain uptake of [18F]BIT1 with a maximum standardized uptake value of ~0.7 at 5 min p.i. However, in vivo blocking studies revealed a non-target specific binding of [18F]BIT1. Therefore, further structural modifications are needed to improve target selectivity.
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20
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The loss of β adrenergic receptor mediated release potentiation in a mouse model of fragile X syndrome. Neurobiol Dis 2019; 130:104482. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2019.104482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2019] [Revised: 05/17/2019] [Accepted: 05/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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21
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Nakashima M, Suzuki N, Shiraishi E, Iwashita H. TAK-915, a phosphodiesterase 2A inhibitor, ameliorates the cognitive impairment associated with aging in rodent models. Behav Brain Res 2019; 376:112192. [PMID: 31521738 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2019.112192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2019] [Revised: 08/24/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Changes in the cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) and cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) signaling are implicated in older people with dementia. Drugs that modulate the cAMP/cGMP levels in the brain might therefore provide new therapeutic options for the treatment of cognitive impairment in aging and elderly with dementia. Phosphodiesterase 2A (PDE2A), which is highly expressed in the forebrain, is one of the key phosphodiesterase enzymes that hydrolyze cAMP and cGMP. In this study, we investigated the effects of PDE2A inhibition on the cognitive functions associated with aging, such as spatial learning, episodic memory, and attention, in rats with a selective, brain penetrant PDE2A inhibitor, N-{(1S)-1-[3-fluoro-4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]-2-methoxyethyl-7-methoxy-2-oxo-2,3-dihydropyrido[2,3-b]pyrazine-4(1H)-carboxamide (TAK-915). Repeated treatment with TAK-915 (3 mg/kg/day, p.o. for 4 days) significantly reduced escape latency in aged rats in the Morris water maze task compared to the vehicle treatment. In the novel object recognition task, TAK-915 (1, 3, and 10 mg/kg, p.o.) dose-dependently attenuated the non-selective muscarinic antagonist scopolamine-induced memory deficits in rats. In addition, oral administration of TAK-915 at 10 mg/kg significantly improved the attentional performance in middle-aged, poorly performing rats in the 5-choice serial reaction time task. These findings suggest that PDE2A inhibition in the brain has the potential to ameliorate the age-related cognitive decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masato Nakashima
- Neuroscience Drug Discovery Unit, Research, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Japan
| | - Noriko Suzuki
- Neuroscience Drug Discovery Unit, Research, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Japan
| | - Eri Shiraishi
- Neuroscience Drug Discovery Unit, Research, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Japan
| | - Hiroki Iwashita
- Neuroscience Drug Discovery Unit, Research, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Japan.
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Ritawidya R, Ludwig FA, Briel D, Brust P, Scheunemann M. Synthesis and In Vitro Evaluation of 8-Pyridinyl-Substituted Benzo[ e]imidazo[2,1- c][1,2,4]triazines as Phosphodiesterase 2A Inhibitors. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24152791. [PMID: 31370274 PMCID: PMC6696243 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24152791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2019] [Revised: 07/17/2019] [Accepted: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Phosphodiesterase 2A (PDE2A) is highly expressed in distinct areas of the brain, which are known to be related to neuropsychiatric diseases. The development of suitable PDE2A tracers for Positron Emission Tomography (PET) would permit the in vivo imaging of the PDE2A and evaluation of disease-mediated alterations of its expression. A series of novel fluorinated PDE2A inhibitors on the basis of a Benzoimidazotriazine (BIT) scaffold was prepared leading to a prospective inhibitor for further development of a PDE2A PET imaging agent. BIT derivatives (BIT1–9) were obtained by a seven-step synthesis route, and their inhibitory potency towards PDE2A and selectivity over other PDEs were evaluated. BIT1 demonstrated much higher inhibition than other BIT derivatives (82.9% inhibition of PDE2A at 10 nM). BIT1 displayed an IC50 for PDE2A of 3.33 nM with 16-fold selectivity over PDE10A. This finding revealed that a derivative bearing both a 2-fluoro-pyridin-4-yl and 2-chloro-5-methoxy-phenyl unit at the 8- and 1-position, respectively, appeared to be the most potent inhibitor. In vitro studies of BIT1 using mouse liver microsomes (MLM) disclosed BIT1 as a suitable ligand for 18F-labeling. Nevertheless, future in vivo metabolism studies are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rien Ritawidya
- Department of Neuroradiopharmaceuticals, Institute of Radiopharmaceuticals Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Leipzig 04318, Germany.
- Center for Radioisotope and Radiopharmaceutical Technology, National Nuclear and Energy Agency (BATAN), Puspiptek Area, Serpong, South Tangerang, Indonesia.
| | - Friedrich-Alexander Ludwig
- Department of Neuroradiopharmaceuticals, Institute of Radiopharmaceuticals Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Leipzig 04318, Germany
| | - Detlef Briel
- Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Leipzig University, Brüderstraße 34, Leipzig 04103, Germany
| | - Peter Brust
- Department of Neuroradiopharmaceuticals, Institute of Radiopharmaceuticals Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Leipzig 04318, Germany
| | - Matthias Scheunemann
- Department of Neuroradiopharmaceuticals, Institute of Radiopharmaceuticals Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Leipzig 04318, Germany.
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Gu G, Scott T, Yan Y, Warren N, Zhang A, Tabatabaei A, Xu H, Aertgeerts K, Gomez L, Morse A, Li YW, Breitenbucher JG, Massari E, Vivian J, Danks A. Target Engagement of a Phosphodiesterase 2A Inhibitor Affecting Long-Term Memory in the Rat. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2019; 370:399-407. [DOI: 10.1124/jpet.118.255851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
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Lien YC, Condon DE, Georgieff MK, Simmons RA, Tran PV. Dysregulation of Neuronal Genes by Fetal-Neonatal Iron Deficiency Anemia Is Associated with Altered DNA Methylation in the Rat Hippocampus. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11051191. [PMID: 31137889 PMCID: PMC6566599 DOI: 10.3390/nu11051191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2019] [Revised: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 05/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Early-life iron deficiency results in long-term abnormalities in cognitive function and affective behavior in adulthood. In preclinical models, these effects have been associated with long-term dysregulation of key neuronal genes. While limited evidence suggests histone methylation as an epigenetic mechanism underlying gene dysregulation, the role of DNA methylation remains unknown. To determine whether DNA methylation is a potential mechanism by which early-life iron deficiency induces gene dysregulation, we performed whole genome bisulfite sequencing to identify loci with altered DNA methylation in the postnatal day (P) 15 iron-deficient (ID) rat hippocampus, a time point at which the highest level of hippocampal iron deficiency is concurrent with peak iron demand for axonal and dendritic growth. We identified 229 differentially methylated loci and they were mapped within 108 genes. Among them, 63 and 45 genes showed significantly increased and decreased DNA methylation in the P15 ID hippocampus, respectively. To establish a correlation between differentially methylated loci and gene dysregulation, the methylome data were compared to our published P15 hippocampal transcriptome. Both datasets showed alteration of similar functional networks regulating nervous system development and cell-to-cell signaling that are critical for learning and behavior. Collectively, the present findings support a role for DNA methylation in neural gene dysregulation following early-life iron deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Chin Lien
- Center for Research on Reproduction and Women's Health, Perelman School of Medicine, The University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
| | - David E Condon
- Center for Research on Reproduction and Women's Health, Perelman School of Medicine, The University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
| | - Michael K Georgieff
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota School of Medicine, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
| | - Rebecca A Simmons
- Center for Research on Reproduction and Women's Health, Perelman School of Medicine, The University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
- Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
| | - Phu V Tran
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota School of Medicine, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
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Chen L, Cui S, Yu H, Li G, Liu N, Wu Q, Zhang HT, O'Donnell JM, Wang G, Xu Y. Reduced phosphodiesterase-2 activity in the amygdala results in anxiolytic-like effects on behavior in mice. J Psychopharmacol 2019; 33:568-576. [PMID: 30835157 DOI: 10.1177/0269881119832753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Phosphodiesterase-2 (PDE2) is a cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase and is highly expressed in the amygdala, which suggests its important role in anxiety-like behavior. AIMS The present study examined whether reduced PDE2A expression in the central nucleus of the amygdala (CeA) produces anxiolytic-like effects in mice. METHODS PDE2A knockdown in amygdaloid (AR5) cells or the CeA was established using a lentiviral vector-based siRNA system. The anxiety-like behaviors were detected by the elevated plus maze (EPM) and hole-board tests in mice. The related proteins involved in cAMP/cGMP-dependent signaling, such as specific marker VASPser239, CREBser133 and BDNF were detected by immunoblot analysis. RESULTS PDE2A inhibition in AR-5 cells resulted in increases in cAMP/cGMP-related pVASPser239 and pCREBser133. Behavioral tests showed that PDE2A knockdown in the CeA induced anxiolytic-like effects as evidenced by the increases in percentages of open-arm entries and time spent in the open arms in the EPM test, and the increases in head dips and time spent in head dipping in the hole-board test. However, these anxiolytic-like effects were antagonized by pre-treatment of soluble guanylyl cyclase inhibitor ODQ or adenylate cyclase inhibitor SQ. Furthermore, PDE2A knockdown significantly increased pVASPSer239, pCREBSer133 and decreased BDNF expression in the amygdala. Pre-intra-CeA of ODQ or SQ reversed or partially prevented the effects of PDE2A knockdown on these proteins. CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that PDE2A plays a crucial role in the regulation of anxiety by the cGMP/cAMP-dependent pVASP-pCREB-BDNF signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Chen
- 1 Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Suying Cui
- 2 Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University at Buffalo, the State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA.,3 Department of Pharmacology, Peking University Health Sciences Center, Beijing, China
| | - Haiyang Yu
- 2 Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University at Buffalo, the State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Gaowen Li
- 2 Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University at Buffalo, the State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Na Liu
- 2 Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University at Buffalo, the State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Qiang Wu
- 4 Departments of Behavioral Medicine & Psychiatry and Physiology, Pharmacology & Neuroscience, Rockefeller Neurosciences Institute, West Virginia University Health Sciences Center, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Han-Ting Zhang
- 4 Departments of Behavioral Medicine & Psychiatry and Physiology, Pharmacology & Neuroscience, Rockefeller Neurosciences Institute, West Virginia University Health Sciences Center, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - James M O'Donnell
- 2 Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University at Buffalo, the State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Gang Wang
- 1 Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Ying Xu
- 2 Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University at Buffalo, the State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA
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Low-Concentration Oxygen/Ozone Treatment Attenuated Radiculitis and Mechanical Allodynia via PDE2A-cAMP/cGMP-NF- κB/p65 Signaling in Chronic Radiculitis Rats. Pain Res Manag 2018; 2018:5192814. [PMID: 30651902 PMCID: PMC6311849 DOI: 10.1155/2018/5192814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2018] [Accepted: 11/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background Oxygen/ozone therapy is a minimally invasive technique for the treatment of radiculitis from lumbar disc herniation. This study aimed at investigating whether intrathecal administration of low-concentration oxygen/ozone could attenuate chronic radiculitis and mechanical allodynia after noncompressive lumbar disc herniation and at elucidating the underlying mechanisms. Methods First, we transplanted autologous nucleus pulposus into dorsal root ganglions to establish chronic radiculitis in rats. Then, filtered oxygen or oxygen/ozone (10, 20, or 30 μg/mL) was intrathecally injected on day 1 after surgery. The ipsilateral paw withdrawal thresholds (PWTs) to mechanical stimuli were tested daily with von Frey filaments. The expression of the tumor necrosis factor- (TNF-) α, interleukin- (IL-) 1β, IL-6, cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP), cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP), phosphodiesterase 2A (PDE2A), and nuclear factor- (NF-) κB/p65 in spinal dorsal horns was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, polymerase chain reaction, and western blot on day 7 after surgery. Results Chronic radiculitis was established in rats. Intrathecal administration of 10 μg/mL, 20 μg/mL, or 30 μg/mL oxygen/ozone significantly attenuated the decreased mechanical PWTs, downregulated the overexpression of spinal TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6, and increased the expression of cGMP and cAMP in chronic radiculitis rats. In addition, the effects of treatment with 20 μg/mL oxygen/ozone were greater than the effects of the 10 μg/mL or 30 μg/mL doses. Moreover, intrathecal administration of 20 μg/mL oxygen/ozone reversed the increased levels of spinal PDE2A and NF-κB/p65 mRNA and protein expressions in rats with chronic radiculitis. Conclusion Intrathecal administration of low-concentration oxygen/ozone alleviated mechanical allodynia and attenuated radiculitis, likely by a PDE2A-cGMP/cAMP-NF-κB/p65 signaling pathway in chronic radiculitis rats.
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Schröder S, Wenzel B, Deuther-Conrad W, Teodoro R, Kranz M, Scheunemann M, Egerland U, Höfgen N, Briel D, Steinbach J, Brust P. Investigation of an 18F-labelled Imidazopyridotriazine for Molecular Imaging of Cyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterase 2A. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23030556. [PMID: 29498659 PMCID: PMC6017663 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23030556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2018] [Revised: 02/15/2018] [Accepted: 02/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Specific radioligands for in vivo visualization and quantification of cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase 2A (PDE2A) by positron emission tomography (PET) are increasingly gaining interest in brain research. Herein we describe the synthesis, the 18F-labelling as well as the biological evaluation of our latest PDE2A (radio-)ligand 9-(5-Butoxy-2-fluorophenyl)-2-(2-([18F])fluoroethoxy)-7-methylimidazo[5,1-c]pyrido[2,3-e][1,2,4]triazine (([18F])TA5). It is the most potent PDE2A ligand out of our series of imidazopyridotriazine-based derivatives so far (IC50 hPDE2A = 3.0 nM; IC50 hPDE10A > 1000 nM). Radiolabelling was performed in a one-step procedure starting from the corresponding tosylate precursor. In vitro autoradiography on rat and pig brain slices displayed a homogenous and non-specific binding of the radioligand. Investigation of stability in vivo by reversed-phase HPLC (RP-HPLC) and micellar liquid chromatography (MLC) analyses of plasma and brain samples obtained from mice revealed a high fraction of one main radiometabolite. Hence, we concluded that [18F]TA5 is not appropriate for molecular imaging of PDE2A neither in vitro nor in vivo. Our ongoing work is focusing on further structurally modified compounds with enhanced metabolic stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susann Schröder
- Department of Neuroradiopharmaceuticals, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Leipzig 04318, Germany; (B.W.); (W.D.-C.); (R.T.); (M.K.); (M.S.); (J.S.); (P.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-341-234-179-4631
| | - Barbara Wenzel
- Department of Neuroradiopharmaceuticals, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Leipzig 04318, Germany; (B.W.); (W.D.-C.); (R.T.); (M.K.); (M.S.); (J.S.); (P.B.)
| | - Winnie Deuther-Conrad
- Department of Neuroradiopharmaceuticals, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Leipzig 04318, Germany; (B.W.); (W.D.-C.); (R.T.); (M.K.); (M.S.); (J.S.); (P.B.)
| | - Rodrigo Teodoro
- Department of Neuroradiopharmaceuticals, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Leipzig 04318, Germany; (B.W.); (W.D.-C.); (R.T.); (M.K.); (M.S.); (J.S.); (P.B.)
| | - Mathias Kranz
- Department of Neuroradiopharmaceuticals, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Leipzig 04318, Germany; (B.W.); (W.D.-C.); (R.T.); (M.K.); (M.S.); (J.S.); (P.B.)
| | - Matthias Scheunemann
- Department of Neuroradiopharmaceuticals, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Leipzig 04318, Germany; (B.W.); (W.D.-C.); (R.T.); (M.K.); (M.S.); (J.S.); (P.B.)
| | - Ute Egerland
- BioCrea GmbH, Radebeul 01445, Germany; (U.E.); (N.H.)
| | | | - Detlef Briel
- Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Leipzig University, Leipzig 04103, Germany;
| | - Jörg Steinbach
- Department of Neuroradiopharmaceuticals, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Leipzig 04318, Germany; (B.W.); (W.D.-C.); (R.T.); (M.K.); (M.S.); (J.S.); (P.B.)
| | - Peter Brust
- Department of Neuroradiopharmaceuticals, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Leipzig 04318, Germany; (B.W.); (W.D.-C.); (R.T.); (M.K.); (M.S.); (J.S.); (P.B.)
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Heckman PRA, Blokland A, Bollen EPP, Prickaerts J. Phosphodiesterase inhibition and modulation of corticostriatal and hippocampal circuits: Clinical overview and translational considerations. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2018; 87:233-254. [PMID: 29454746 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2018.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2017] [Revised: 02/07/2018] [Accepted: 02/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The corticostriatal and hippocampal circuits contribute to the neurobiological underpinnings of several neuropsychiatric disorders, including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease and schizophrenia. Based on biological function, these circuits can be clustered into motor circuits, associative/cognitive circuits and limbic circuits. Together, dysfunctions in these circuits produce the wide range of symptoms observed in related neuropsychiatric disorders. Intracellular signaling in these circuits is largely mediated through the cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP)/protein kinase A (PKA) pathway with an additional role for the cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP)/ protein kinase G (PKG) pathway, both of which can be regulated by phosphodiesterase inhibitors (PDE inhibitors). Through their effects on cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB) and Dopamine- and cAMP-Regulated PhosphoProtein MR 32 kDa (DARPP-32), cyclic nucleotide pathways are involved in synaptic transmission, neuron excitability, neuroplasticity and neuroprotection. In this clinical review, we provide an overview of the current clinical status, discuss the general mechanism of action of PDE inhibitors in relation to the corticostriatal and hippocampal circuits and consider several translational challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- P R A Heckman
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands; Department of Neuropsychology and Psychopharmacology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
| | - A Blokland
- Department of Neuropsychology and Psychopharmacology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - E P P Bollen
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - J Prickaerts
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
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Nakashima M, Imada H, Shiraishi E, Ito Y, Suzuki N, Miyamoto M, Taniguchi T, Iwashita H. Phosphodiesterase 2A Inhibitor TAK-915 Ameliorates Cognitive Impairments and Social Withdrawal in N-Methyl-d-Aspartate Receptor Antagonist-Induced Rat Models of Schizophrenia. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2018; 365:179-188. [PMID: 29440309 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.117.245506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2017] [Accepted: 02/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The pathophysiology of schizophrenia has been associated with glutamatergic dysfunction. Modulation of the glutamatergic signaling pathway, including N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptors, can provide a new therapeutic target for schizophrenia. Phosphodiesterase 2A (PDE2A) is highly expressed in the forebrain, and is a dual substrate enzyme that hydrolyzes both cAMP and cGMP, which play pivotal roles as intracellular second messengers downstream of NMDA receptors. Here we characterize the in vivo pharmacological profile of a selective and brain-penetrant PDE2A inhibitor, (N-{(1S)-1-[3-fluoro-4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]-2-methoxyethyl}-7-methoxy-2-oxo-2,3-dihydropyrido[2,3-b]pyrazine-4(1H)-carboxamide) (TAK-915) as a novel treatment of schizophrenia. Oral administration of TAK-915 at 3 and 10 mg/kg significantly increased cGMP levels in the frontal cortex, hippocampus, and striatum of rats. TAK-915 at 10 mg/kg significantly upregulated the phosphorylation of α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methylisoxazole-4-proprionic acid receptor subunit GluR1 in the rat hippocampus. TAK-915 at 3 and 10 mg/kg significantly attenuated episodic memory deficits induced by the NMDA receptor antagonist (+)-MK-801 hydrogen maleate (MK-801) in the rat passive avoidance test. TAK-915 at 10 mg/kg significantly attenuated working memory deficits induced by MK-801 in the rat radial arm maze test. Additionally, TAK-915 at 10 mg/kg prevented subchronic phencyclidine-induced social withdrawal in social interaction in rats. In contrast, TAK-915 did not produce antipsychotic-like activity; TAK-915 had little effect on MK-801- or methamphetamine-induced hyperlocomotion in rats. These results suggest that TAK-915 has a potential to ameliorate cognitive impairments and social withdrawal in schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masato Nakashima
- Neuroscience Drug Discovery Unit (M.N., H.Im., E.S., Y.I., N.S., T.T., H.Iw.) and Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics Research Laboratories (M.M.), Research, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Fujisawa, Japan
| | - Haruka Imada
- Neuroscience Drug Discovery Unit (M.N., H.Im., E.S., Y.I., N.S., T.T., H.Iw.) and Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics Research Laboratories (M.M.), Research, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Fujisawa, Japan
| | - Eri Shiraishi
- Neuroscience Drug Discovery Unit (M.N., H.Im., E.S., Y.I., N.S., T.T., H.Iw.) and Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics Research Laboratories (M.M.), Research, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Fujisawa, Japan
| | - Yuki Ito
- Neuroscience Drug Discovery Unit (M.N., H.Im., E.S., Y.I., N.S., T.T., H.Iw.) and Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics Research Laboratories (M.M.), Research, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Fujisawa, Japan
| | - Noriko Suzuki
- Neuroscience Drug Discovery Unit (M.N., H.Im., E.S., Y.I., N.S., T.T., H.Iw.) and Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics Research Laboratories (M.M.), Research, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Fujisawa, Japan
| | - Maki Miyamoto
- Neuroscience Drug Discovery Unit (M.N., H.Im., E.S., Y.I., N.S., T.T., H.Iw.) and Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics Research Laboratories (M.M.), Research, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Fujisawa, Japan
| | - Takahiko Taniguchi
- Neuroscience Drug Discovery Unit (M.N., H.Im., E.S., Y.I., N.S., T.T., H.Iw.) and Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics Research Laboratories (M.M.), Research, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Fujisawa, Japan
| | - Hiroki Iwashita
- Neuroscience Drug Discovery Unit (M.N., H.Im., E.S., Y.I., N.S., T.T., H.Iw.) and Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics Research Laboratories (M.M.), Research, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Fujisawa, Japan
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Salpietro V, Perez-Dueñas B, Nakashima K, San Antonio-Arce V, Manole A, Efthymiou S, Vandrovcova J, Bettencourt C, Mencacci NE, Klein C, Kelly MP, Davies CH, Kimura H, Macaya A, Houlden H. A homozygous loss-of-function mutation in PDE2A associated to early-onset hereditary chorea. Mov Disord 2018; 33:482-488. [PMID: 29392776 PMCID: PMC5873427 DOI: 10.1002/mds.27286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2017] [Revised: 11/01/2017] [Accepted: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: We investigated a family that presented with an infantile‐onset chorea‐predominant movement disorder, negative for NKX2‐1, ADCY5, and PDE10A mutations. Methods: Phenotypic characterization and trio whole‐exome sequencing was carried out in the family. Results: We identified a homozygous mutation affecting the GAF‐B domain of the 3’,5’‐cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase PDE2A gene (c.1439A>G; p.Asp480Gly) as the candidate novel genetic cause of chorea in the proband. PDE2A hydrolyzes cyclic adenosine/guanosine monophosphate and is highly expressed in striatal medium spiny neurons. We functionally characterized the p.Asp480Gly mutation and found that it severely decreases the enzymatic activity of PDE2A. In addition, we showed equivalent expression in human and mouse striatum of PDE2A and its homolog gene, PDE10A. Conclusions: We identified a loss‐of‐function homozygous mutation in PDE2A associated to early‐onset chorea. Our findings possibly strengthen the role of cyclic adenosine monophosphate and cyclic guanosine monophosphate metabolism in striatal medium spiny neurons as a crucial pathophysiological mechanism in hyperkinetic movement disorders. © 2018 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincenzo Salpietro
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, University College of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Belen Perez-Dueñas
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Hospital Universitari Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Kosuke Nakashima
- CNS Drug Discovery Unit, Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Fujisawa, Japan
| | - Victoria San Antonio-Arce
- Unit of Epilepsy, Sleep and Neurophysiology, Hospital Universitari Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Andreea Manole
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, University College of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Stephanie Efthymiou
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, University College of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jana Vandrovcova
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, University College of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Conceicao Bettencourt
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, University College of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Niccolò E Mencacci
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, University College of London, London, United Kingdom.,Center for Genetic Medicine, Feinberg school of medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Christine Klein
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Michy P Kelly
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology and Neuroscience, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, USA
| | - Ceri H Davies
- CNS Drug Discovery Unit, Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Fujisawa, Japan
| | - Haruhide Kimura
- CNS Drug Discovery Unit, Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Fujisawa, Japan
| | - Alfons Macaya
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, University Hospital Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Henry Houlden
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, University College of London, London, United Kingdom
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Phosphodiesterase Diversity and Signal Processing Within cAMP Signaling Networks. ADVANCES IN NEUROBIOLOGY 2018; 17:3-14. [PMID: 28956327 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-58811-7_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
A large number of neuromodulators activate G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) and mediate their cellular actions via the regulation of intracellular cAMP, the small highly diffusible second messenger. In fact, in the same neuron several different GPCRs can regulate cAMP with seemingly identical timecourses that give rise to distinct signaling outcomes, suggesting that cAMP does not have equivalent access to all its downstream effectors and may exist within defined intracellular pools or domains. cAMP compartmentalization is the process that allows the neuron to differentially interpret these various intracellular cAMP signals into cellular response. The molecular mechanisms that give rise to cAMP compartmentalization are not fully understood, but it is thought that phosphodiesterases (PDEs), the enzymes that degrade cAMP, significantly contribute to this process. PDEs, as the sole mechanism of signal termination for cAMP, hold great promise as therapeutic targets for pathologies that are due to the dysregulation of intracellular cAMP signaling. Due to their diverse catalytic activity, regulation and localization each PDE subtype expressed in a given neuron may have a distinct role on downstream signaling.
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The Role of Phosphodiesterase-2 in Psychiatric and Neurodegenerative Disorders. ADVANCES IN NEUROBIOLOGY 2018; 17:307-347. [PMID: 28956338 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-58811-7_12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Cyclic nucleotide PDEs are a super-family of enzymes responsible for regulating intracellular levels of the second messengers cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) and cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP). Through their catalysis, PDEs are able to exert tight regulation over these important intracellular signaling cascades. Previously, PDEs have been implicated in learning and memory, as well as in mood disorders, such as anxiety and depression. PDE2 is of special interest due to its high level of expression in the forebrain, specifically in the isocortex, entorhinal cortex, striatum, hippocampus, amygdala, and medial habenula. Many of these brain regions are considered participants of the limbic system, which is known as the emotional regulatory center of the brain, and is important for modulating emotion and long-term memory. Therefore, PDE2s coincidental expression in these areas suggests an important role for PDE2 in these behaviors, and researchers are continuing to uncover the complex connections. It was shown that PDE2 inhibitors have pro-cognitive effects in tests of memory, including the object recognition test. PDE2 inhibitors are also protective against cognitive deficits in various models of cognitive impairment. Additionally, PDE2 inhibitors are protective against many different forms of stress-induced anxiety-like and depression-like behaviors. Currently, there is a great need for novel therapeutics for the treatment of mood and cognitive disorders, especially anxiety and depression, and other neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease, and PDE2 is emerging as a viable target for future drug development for many of these diseases.
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Pathak G, Agostino MJ, Bishara K, Capell WR, Fisher JL, Hegde S, Ibrahim BA, Pilarzyk K, Sabin C, Tuczkewycz T, Wilson S, Kelly MP. PDE11A negatively regulates lithium responsivity. Mol Psychiatry 2017; 22:1714-1724. [PMID: 27646265 PMCID: PMC5359083 DOI: 10.1038/mp.2016.155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2015] [Revised: 07/13/2016] [Accepted: 07/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Lithium responsivity in patients with bipolar disorder has been genetically associated with Phosphodiesterase 11A (PDE11A), and lithium decreases PDE11A mRNA in induced pluripotent stem cell-derived hippocampal neurons originating from lithium-responsive patients. PDE11 is an enzyme uniquely enriched in the hippocampus that breaks down cyclic AMP and cyclic GMP. Here we determined whether decreasing PDE11A expression is sufficient to increase lithium responsivity in mice. In dorsal hippocampus and ventral hippocampus (VHIPP), lithium-responsive C57BL/6J and 129S6/SvEvTac mice show decreased PDE11A4 protein expression relative to lithium-unresponsive BALB/cJ mice. In VHIPP, C57BL/6J mice also show differences in PDE11A4 compartmentalization relative to BALB/cJ mice. In contrast, neither PDE2A nor PDE10A expression differ among the strains. The compartment-specific differences in PDE11A4 protein expression are explained by a coding single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) at amino acid 499, which falls within the GAF-B homodimerization domain. Relative to the BALB/cJ 499T, the C57BL/6J 499A decreases PDE11A4 homodimerization, which removes PDE11A4 from the membrane. Consistent with the observation that lower PDE11A4 expression correlates with better lithium responsiveness, we found that Pde11a knockout mice (KO) given 0.4% lithium chow for 3+ weeks exhibit greater lithium responsivity relative to wild-type (WT) littermates in tail suspension, an antidepressant-predictive assay, and amphetamine hyperlocomotion, an anti-manic predictive assay. Reduced PDE11A4 expression may represent a lithium-sensitive pathophysiology, because both C57BL/6J and Pde11a KO mice show increased expression of the pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-6 (IL-6) relative to BALB/cJ and PDE11A WT mice, respectively. Our finding that PDE11A4 negatively regulates lithium responsivity in mice suggests that the PDE11A SNPs identified in patients may be functionally relevant.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Pathak
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology & Neuroscience, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC, USA
| | | | - K Bishara
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology & Neuroscience, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - W R Capell
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology & Neuroscience, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - J L Fisher
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology & Neuroscience, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - S Hegde
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology & Neuroscience, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - B A Ibrahim
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology & Neuroscience, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - K Pilarzyk
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology & Neuroscience, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - C Sabin
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology & Neuroscience, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC, USA
| | | | - S Wilson
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology & Neuroscience, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - M P Kelly
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology & Neuroscience, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC, USA
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Mikami S, Kawasaki M, Ikeda S, Negoro N, Nakamura S, Nomura I, Ashizawa T, Kokubo H, Hoffman ID, Zou H, Oki H, Uchiyama N, Hiura Y, Miyamoto M, Itou Y, Nakashima M, Iwashita H, Taniguchi T. Discovery of a Novel Series of Pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine-Based Phosphodiesterase 2A Inhibitors Structurally Different from N-((1S)-1-(3-Fluoro-4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl)-2-methoxyethyl)-7-methoxy-2-oxo-2,3-dihydropyrido[2,3-b]pyrazine-4(1H)-carboxamide (TAK-915), for the Treatment of Cognitive Disorders. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2017; 65:1058-1077. [PMID: 29093293 DOI: 10.1248/cpb.c17-00564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
It has been hypothesized that selective inhibition of phosphodiesterase (PDE) 2A could potentially be a novel approach to treat cognitive impairment in neuropsychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders through augmentation of cyclic nucleotide signaling pathways in brain regions associated with learning and memory. Following our earlier work, this article describes a drug design strategy for a new series of lead compounds structurally distinct from our clinical candidate 2 (TAK-915), and subsequent medicinal chemistry efforts to optimize potency, selectivity over other PDE families, and other preclinical properties including in vitro phototoxicity and in vivo rat plasma clearance. These efforts resulted in the discovery of N-((1S)-2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-(4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl)propyl)-6-methyl-5-(3-methyl-1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine-3-carboxamide (20), which robustly increased 3',5'-cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) levels in the rat brain following an oral dose, and moreover, attenuated MK-801-induced episodic memory deficits in a passive avoidance task in rats. These data provide further support to the potential therapeutic utility of PDE2A inhibitors in enhancing cognitive performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Mikami
- Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company, Limited
| | - Masanori Kawasaki
- Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company, Limited
| | - Shuhei Ikeda
- Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company, Limited
| | - Nobuyuki Negoro
- Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company, Limited
| | - Shinji Nakamura
- Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company, Limited
| | - Izumi Nomura
- Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company, Limited
| | - Tomoko Ashizawa
- Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company, Limited
| | - Hironori Kokubo
- Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company, Limited
| | | | | | - Hideyuki Oki
- Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company, Limited
| | - Noriko Uchiyama
- Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company, Limited
| | - Yuuto Hiura
- Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company, Limited
| | - Maki Miyamoto
- Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company, Limited
| | - Yuuki Itou
- Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company, Limited
| | - Masato Nakashima
- Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company, Limited
| | - Hiroki Iwashita
- Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company, Limited
| | - Takahiko Taniguchi
- Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company, Limited
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35
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Mikami S, Nakamura S, Ashizawa T, Nomura I, Kawasaki M, Sasaki S, Oki H, Kokubo H, Hoffman ID, Zou H, Uchiyama N, Nakashima K, Kamiguchi N, Imada H, Suzuki N, Iwashita H, Taniguchi T. Discovery of Clinical Candidate N-((1S)-1-(3-Fluoro-4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl)-2-methoxyethyl)-7-methoxy-2-oxo-2,3-dihydropyrido[2,3-b]pyrazine-4(1H)-carboxamide (TAK-915): A Highly Potent, Selective, and Brain-Penetrating Phosphodiesterase 2A Inhibitor for the Treatment of Cognitive Disorders. J Med Chem 2017; 60:7677-7702. [PMID: 28796496 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.7b00807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Phosphodiesterase (PDE) 2A inhibitors have emerged as a novel mechanism with potential therapeutic option to ameliorate cognitive dysfunction in schizophrenia or Alzheimer's disease through upregulation of cyclic nucleotides in the brain and thereby achieve potentiation of cyclic nucleotide signaling pathways. This article details the expedited optimization of our recently disclosed pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine lead compound 4b, leading to the discovery of clinical candidate 36 (TAK-915), which demonstrates an appropriate combination of potency, PDE selectivity, and favorable pharmacokinetic (PK) properties, including brain penetration. Successful identification of 36 was realized through application of structure-based drug design (SBDD) to further improve potency and PDE selectivity, coupled with prospective design focused on physicochemical properties to deliver brain penetration. Oral administration of 36 demonstrated significant elevation of 3',5'-cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) levels in mouse brains and improved cognitive performance in a novel object recognition task in rats. Consequently, compound 36 was advanced into human clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Mikami
- Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited , 26-1, Muraoka-Higashi 2-chome, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 251-8555, Japan
| | - Shinji Nakamura
- Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited , 26-1, Muraoka-Higashi 2-chome, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 251-8555, Japan
| | - Tomoko Ashizawa
- Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited , 26-1, Muraoka-Higashi 2-chome, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 251-8555, Japan
| | - Izumi Nomura
- Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited , 26-1, Muraoka-Higashi 2-chome, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 251-8555, Japan
| | - Masanori Kawasaki
- Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited , 26-1, Muraoka-Higashi 2-chome, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 251-8555, Japan
| | - Shigekazu Sasaki
- Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited , 26-1, Muraoka-Higashi 2-chome, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 251-8555, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Oki
- Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited , 26-1, Muraoka-Higashi 2-chome, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 251-8555, Japan
| | - Hironori Kokubo
- Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited , 26-1, Muraoka-Higashi 2-chome, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 251-8555, Japan
| | - Isaac D Hoffman
- Takeda California, Inc. , 10410 Science Center Drive, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Hua Zou
- Takeda California, Inc. , 10410 Science Center Drive, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Noriko Uchiyama
- Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited , 26-1, Muraoka-Higashi 2-chome, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 251-8555, Japan
| | - Kosuke Nakashima
- Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited , 26-1, Muraoka-Higashi 2-chome, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 251-8555, Japan
| | - Naomi Kamiguchi
- Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited , 26-1, Muraoka-Higashi 2-chome, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 251-8555, Japan
| | - Haruka Imada
- Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited , 26-1, Muraoka-Higashi 2-chome, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 251-8555, Japan
| | - Noriko Suzuki
- Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited , 26-1, Muraoka-Higashi 2-chome, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 251-8555, Japan
| | - Hiroki Iwashita
- Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited , 26-1, Muraoka-Higashi 2-chome, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 251-8555, Japan
| | - Takahiko Taniguchi
- Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited , 26-1, Muraoka-Higashi 2-chome, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 251-8555, Japan
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36
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Schwenkgrub J, Zaremba M, Joniec-Maciejak I, Cudna A, Mirowska-Guzel D, Kurkowska-Jastrzębska I. The phosphodiesterase inhibitor, ibudilast, attenuates neuroinflammation in the MPTP model of Parkinson's disease. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0182019. [PMID: 28753652 PMCID: PMC5533435 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0182019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2016] [Accepted: 07/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/Aims Since the degeneration of the nigrostriatal dopaminergic pathway in Parkinson’s disease (PD) is associated with the inflammation process and decreased levels of cyclic nucleotides, inhibition of up-regulated cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases (PDEs) appears to be a promising therapeutic strategy. We used ibudilast (IBD), a non-selective PDE3,4,10,11 inhibitor, due to the abundant PDE 4 and 10 expression in the striatum. The present study for the first time examined the efficacy of IBD in the 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) mouse model of PD. Methods IBD [0, 20, 30, 40, or 50 mg/kg] was injected b.i.d. subcutaneously for nine days to three-month-old male C57Bl/10Tar mice, beginning two days prior to MPTP (60 mg/kg) intoxication. High-pressure liquid chromatography, Western blot analysis, and real time RT-PCR methods were applied. Results Our study demonstrated that chronic administration of IBD attenuated astroglial reactivity and increased glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) production in the striatum. Moreover, IBD reduced TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β expression. Conclusion IBD had a well-defined effect on astroglial activation in the mouse model of PD; however, there was no protective effect in the acute phase of injury. Diminished inflammation and an increased level of GDNF may provide a better outcome in the later stages of neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Schwenkgrub
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Centre for Preclinical Research and Technology (CePT), Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Malgorzata Zaremba
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Centre for Preclinical Research and Technology (CePT), Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
- Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Small Animals, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, PAS, Warsaw, Poland
- * E-mail:
| | - Ilona Joniec-Maciejak
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Centre for Preclinical Research and Technology (CePT), Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Cudna
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Centre for Preclinical Research and Technology (CePT), Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
- 2 Department of Neurology, Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Dagmara Mirowska-Guzel
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Centre for Preclinical Research and Technology (CePT), Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
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37
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Helal CJ, Arnold EP, Boyden TL, Chang C, Chappie TA, Fennell KF, Forman MD, Hajos M, Harms JF, Hoffman WE, Humphrey JM, Kang Z, Kleiman RJ, Kormos BL, Lee CW, Lu J, Maklad N, McDowell L, Mente S, O’Connor RE, Pandit J, Piotrowski M, Schmidt AW, Schmidt CJ, Ueno H, Verhoest PR, Yang EX. Application of Structure-Based Design and Parallel Chemistry to Identify a Potent, Selective, and Brain Penetrant Phosphodiesterase 2A Inhibitor. J Med Chem 2017; 60:5673-5698. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.7b00397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher J. Helal
- Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Eric P. Arnold
- Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Tracey L. Boyden
- Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Cheng Chang
- Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, 610 Main Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Thomas A. Chappie
- Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, 610 Main Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Kimberly F. Fennell
- Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Michael D. Forman
- Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Mihaly Hajos
- Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, 610 Main Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - John F. Harms
- Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, 610 Main Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - William E. Hoffman
- Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, 610 Main Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - John M. Humphrey
- Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Zhijun Kang
- Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Robin J. Kleiman
- Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, 610 Main Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Bethany L. Kormos
- Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, 610 Main Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Che-Wah Lee
- Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Jiemin Lu
- Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Noha Maklad
- Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Laura McDowell
- Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Scot Mente
- Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, 610 Main Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Rebecca E. O’Connor
- Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Jayvardhan Pandit
- Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Mary Piotrowski
- Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Anne W. Schmidt
- Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Christopher J. Schmidt
- Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, 610 Main Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Hirokazu Ueno
- Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Patrick R. Verhoest
- Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, 610 Main Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Edward X. Yang
- Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
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38
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Maehara S, Arakawa K, Hoshida K, Nagasue H, Chida N, Nakao K, Furusako S. Pharmacological characterization of a novel potent, selective, and orally active phosphodiesterase 2A inhibitor, PDM-631. Eur J Pharmacol 2017; 811:110-116. [PMID: 28587776 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2017.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2016] [Revised: 06/01/2017] [Accepted: 06/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Recently, we identified a novel phosphodiesterase 2A (PDE2A) inhibitor, PDM-631 ((S)-3-cyclopropyl-6-methyl-1-(1-(4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl)propan-2-yl)-1,5-dihydro-4H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-4-one). PDM-631 showed potent inhibitory activities for human and rat PDE2A with IC50 values of 1.5 and 4.2nM, respectively and more than 2000-fold selectivity against other phosphodiesterases. In rat studies, PDM-631 showed oral bioavailability and good brain penetration, and increased the cGMP levels in the cortex. These data indicate that PDM-631 is a potent, selective, orally active, and brain-penetrable PDE2A inhibitor. In behavioral studies using rat models, PDM-631 (3-30mg/kg) resulted in better discrimination between a novel object and a familiar one 48h after the acquisition phase in the novel object recognition test, thus indicating that PDM-631 increased object recognition memory. In contrast, PDM-631 did not attenuate the conditioned avoidance response at the same dose range (3-30mg/kg) in rats, indicating that PDM-631 did not show an antipsychotic-like effect. In test for extrapyramidal side effect, PDM-631 had no effect on catalepsy at the effective doses (10 and 30mg/kg) in the novel object recognition test, while haloperidol caused catalepsy at a dose of 3mg/kg. Our results suggest that PDM-631 is a good pharmacological tool that can be used to investigate the role of PDE2A and may have therapeutic potential for the treatment of cognitive impairments associated with schizophrenia and neurodegenerative disorders, without any extrapyramidal side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunsuke Maehara
- Discovery Research, Mochida Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 722 Uenohara, Jimba, Gotemba, Shizuoka 412-8524, Japan.
| | - Keita Arakawa
- Discovery Research, Mochida Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 722 Uenohara, Jimba, Gotemba, Shizuoka 412-8524, Japan
| | - Kotaro Hoshida
- Discovery Research, Mochida Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 722 Uenohara, Jimba, Gotemba, Shizuoka 412-8524, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Nagasue
- Discovery Research, Mochida Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 722 Uenohara, Jimba, Gotemba, Shizuoka 412-8524, Japan
| | - Noboru Chida
- Discovery Research, Mochida Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 722 Uenohara, Jimba, Gotemba, Shizuoka 412-8524, Japan
| | - Kazunari Nakao
- Discovery Research, Mochida Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 722 Uenohara, Jimba, Gotemba, Shizuoka 412-8524, Japan
| | - Shoji Furusako
- Discovery Research, Mochida Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 722 Uenohara, Jimba, Gotemba, Shizuoka 412-8524, Japan
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Selective phosphodiesterase-2A inhibitor alleviates radicular inflammation and mechanical allodynia in non-compressive lumbar disc herniation rats. EUROPEAN SPINE JOURNAL : OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF THE EUROPEAN SPINE SOCIETY, THE EUROPEAN SPINAL DEFORMITY SOCIETY, AND THE EUROPEAN SECTION OF THE CERVICAL SPINE RESEARCH SOCIETY 2017; 26:1961-1968. [PMID: 28283839 DOI: 10.1007/s00586-017-5023-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2016] [Revised: 02/18/2017] [Accepted: 02/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Phosphodiesterase inhibitors possess anti-inflammatory properties. In addition, some studies report that phosphodiesterase 2A (PDE2A) are highly expressed in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord. The present study aimed to investigate whether intrathecal administration of Bay 60-7550, a specific PDE2A inhibitor, could alleviate mechanical allodynia in non-compressive lumbar disc herniation (NCLDH) rats. METHODS Rat NCLDH models by autologous nucleus pulposus implantation to dorsal root ganglion were established. Vehicle or Bay 60-7550 (0.1, 1.0 mg/kg) was injected by intrathecal catheter at day 1 post-operation. The ipsilateral mechanical withdrawal thresholds were analyzed from the day before surgery to day 7 after surgery. At day 7 post-operation, the ipsilateral lumbar (L4-L6) segments of the spinal dorsal horns were removed, and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP), and cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) expressions were measured by ELISA. Furthermore, PDE2A mRNA and protein expressions in spinal cord were measured by Real-Time PCR and Western blot. RESULTS Intrathecal administration of the PDE2A inhibitor Bay 60-7550, significantly attenuated mechanical allodynia, down-regulated spinal TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 over-expressions, increased the expression of spinal cAMP, as well as cGMP in a more remarkable manner, and decreased the spinal PDE2A expression in NCLDH rats in a dose-dependent manner. CONCLUSIONS Bay 60-7550 alleviated mechanical allodynia and inflammation in NCLDH rats, which might be associated with increased cAMP and especially cGMP increase. Thus, spinal PDE2A inhibition might represent a potential analgesic strategy for radiculopathy treatment in non-compressive lumbar disc herniation.
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Can Cyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors Be Drugs for Parkinson's Disease? Mol Neurobiol 2017; 55:822-834. [PMID: 28062949 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-016-0355-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2016] [Accepted: 12/20/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) has no known cure; available therapies are only capable of offering temporary, symptomatic relief to the patients. Varied therapeutic strategies that are clinically used for PD are pharmacological therapies including dopamine replacement therapies (with or without adjuvant), postsynaptic dopamine receptor stimulation, dopamine catabolism inhibitors and also anticholinergics. Surgical therapies like deep brain stimulation and ablative surgical techniques are also employed. Phosphodiesterases (PDEs) are enzymes that degrade the phosphodiester bond in the second messenger molecules, cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) and cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP). A number of PDE families are highly expressed in the striatum including PDE1-4, PDE7, PDE9 and PDE10. There are growing evidences to suggest that these enzymes play a critical role in modulating cAMP-mediated dopamine signalling at the postsynaptic region. Therefore, it is clear that PDEs, given the broad range of subtypes and their varied tissue- and region-specific distributions, will be able to provide a range of possibilities as drug targets. There is no phosphodiesterase inhibitor currently approved for use against PD. The development of small molecule inhibitors against cyclic nucleotide PDE is a particularly hot area of investigation, and a lot of research and development is geared in this direction with major players in the pharmaceutical industry investing heavily in developing such potential drug entities. This review, while critically assessing the existing body of literature on brain PDEs with particular interest in the striatum in the context of motor function regulation, indicates it is certainly likely that PDE inhibitors could be developed as therapeutic agents against PD.
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Snyder GL, Vanover KE. PDE Inhibitors for the Treatment of Schizophrenia. ADVANCES IN NEUROBIOLOGY 2017; 17:385-409. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-58811-7_14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Song RS, Tolentino R, Sobie EA, Neves-Zaph SR. Cross-regulation of Phosphodiesterase 1 and Phosphodiesterase 2 Activities Controls Dopamine-mediated Striatal α-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid (AMPA) Receptor Trafficking. J Biol Chem 2016; 291:23257-23267. [PMID: 27605670 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m116.749747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Dopamine, a key striatal neuromodulator, increases synaptic strength by promoting surface insertion and/or retention of AMPA receptors (AMPARs). This process is mediated by the phosphorylation of the GluA1 subunit of AMPAR by cyclic nucleotide-dependent kinases, making cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases (PDEs) potential regulators of synaptic strength. In this study, we examined the role of phosphodiesterase 2 (PDE2), a medium spiny neuron-enriched and cGMP-activated PDE, in AMPAR trafficking. We found that inhibiting PDE2 resulted in enhancement of dopamine-induced surface GluA1 expression in dopamine receptor 1-expressing medium spiny neurons. Using pharmacological and genetic approaches, we found that inhibition of PDE1 resulted in a decrease in surface AMPAR levels because of the allosteric activation of PDE2. The cross-regulation of PDE1 and PDE2 activities results in counterintuitive control of surface AMPAR expression, making it possible to regulate the directionality and magnitude of AMPAR trafficking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roy S Song
- From the Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029
| | - Rosa Tolentino
- From the Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029
| | - Eric A Sobie
- From the Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029
| | - Susana R Neves-Zaph
- From the Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029
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Novel Radioligands for Cyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterase Imaging with Positron Emission Tomography: An Update on Developments Since 2012. Molecules 2016; 21:molecules21050650. [PMID: 27213312 PMCID: PMC6273803 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21050650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2016] [Revised: 05/09/2016] [Accepted: 05/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases (PDEs) are a class of intracellular enzymes that inactivate the secondary messenger molecules, cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) and cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP). Thus, PDEs regulate the signaling cascades mediated by these cyclic nucleotides and affect fundamental intracellular processes. Pharmacological inhibition of PDE activity is a promising strategy for treatment of several diseases. However, the role of the different PDEs in related pathologies is not completely clarified yet. PDE-specific radioligands enable non-invasive visualization and quantification of these enzymes by positron emission tomography (PET) in vivo and provide an important translational tool for elucidation of the relationship between altered expression of PDEs and pathophysiological effects as well as (pre-)clinical evaluation of novel PDE inhibitors developed as therapeutics. Herein we present an overview of novel PDE radioligands for PET published since 2012.
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Naganawa M, Waterhouse RN, Nabulsi N, Lin SF, Labaree D, Ropchan J, Tarabar S, DeMartinis N, Ogden A, Banerjee A, Huang Y, Carson RE. First-in-Human Assessment of the Novel PDE2A PET Radiotracer 18F-PF-05270430. J Nucl Med 2016; 57:1388-95. [PMID: 27103022 DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.115.166850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2015] [Accepted: 03/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED This was a first-in-human study of the novel phosphodiesterase-2A (PDE2A) PET ligand (18)F-PF-05270430. The primary goals were to determine the appropriate tracer kinetic model to quantify brain uptake and to examine the within-subject test-retest variability. METHODS In advance of human studies, radiation dosimetry was determined in nonhuman primates. Six healthy male subjects participated in a test-retest protocol with dynamic scans and metabolite-corrected input functions. Nine brain regions of interest were studied, including the striatum, white matter, neocortical regions, and cerebellum. Multiple modeling methods were applied to calculate volume of distribution (VT) and binding potentials relative to the nondisplaceable tracer in tissue (BPND), concentration of tracer in plasma (BPP), and free tracer in tissue (BPF). The cerebellum was selected as a reference region to calculate binding potentials. RESULTS The dosimetry study provided an effective dose of less than 0.30 mSv/MBq, with the gallbladder as the critical organ; the human target dose was 185 MBq. There were no adverse events or clinically detectable pharmacologic effects reported. Tracer uptake was highest in the striatum, followed by neocortical regions and white matter, and lowest in the cerebellum. Regional time-activity curves were well fit by multilinear analysis-1, and a 70-min scan duration was sufficient to quantify VT and the binding potentials. BPND, with mean values ranging from 0.3 to 0.8, showed the best intrasubject and intersubject variability and reliability. Test-retest variability in the whole brain (excluding the cerebellum) of VT, BPND, and BPP were 8%, 16%, and 17%, respectively. CONCLUSION (18)F-PF-05270430 shows promise as a PDE2A PET ligand, albeit with low binding potential values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mika Naganawa
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, PET Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut; and
| | | | - Nabeel Nabulsi
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, PET Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut; and
| | - Shu-Fei Lin
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, PET Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut; and
| | - David Labaree
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, PET Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut; and
| | - Jim Ropchan
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, PET Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut; and
| | - Sanela Tarabar
- Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | | | - Adam Ogden
- Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | | | - Yiyun Huang
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, PET Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut; and
| | - Richard E Carson
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, PET Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut; and
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Redrobe JP, Rasmussen LK, Christoffersen CT, Bundgaard C, Jørgensen M. Characterisation of Lu AF33241: A novel, brain-penetrant, dual inhibitor of phosphodiesterase (PDE) 2A and PDE10A. Eur J Pharmacol 2015; 761:79-85. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2015.04.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2015] [Revised: 04/01/2015] [Accepted: 04/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Fernández-Fernández D, Rosenbrock H, Kroker KS. Inhibition of PDE2A, but not PDE9A, modulates presynaptic short-term plasticity measured by paired-pulse facilitation in the CA1 region of the hippocampus. Synapse 2015; 69:484-96. [DOI: 10.1002/syn.21840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2015] [Revised: 04/28/2015] [Accepted: 05/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Diego Fernández-Fernández
- Department of CNS Diseases Research; Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co KG; Biberach (Riss) 88397 Germany
| | - Holger Rosenbrock
- Department of CNS Diseases Research; Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co KG; Biberach (Riss) 88397 Germany
| | - Katja S. Kroker
- Department of Drug Discovery Support; Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co KG; Biberach (Riss) 88397 Germany
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Phosphodiesterase 2A localized in the spinal cord contributes to inflammatory pain processing. Anesthesiology 2014; 121:372-82. [PMID: 24758774 DOI: 10.1097/aln.0000000000000270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Phosphodiesterase 2A (PDE2A) is an evolutionarily conserved enzyme that catalyzes the degradation of the cyclic nucleotides, cyclic adenosine monophosphate, and/or cyclic guanosine monophosphate. Recent studies reported the expression of PDE2A in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord, pointing to a potential contribution to the processing of pain. However, the functions of PDE2A in spinal pain processing in vivo remained elusive. METHODS Immunohistochemistry, laser microdissection, and quantitative real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction experiments were performed to characterize the localization and regulation of PDE2A protein and messenger RNA in the mouse spinal cord. Effects of the selective PDE2A inhibitor, BAY 60-7550 (Cayman Chemical, Ann Arbor, MI), in animal models of inflammatory pain (n = 6 to 10), neuropathic pain (n = 5 to 6), and after intrathecal injection of cyclic nucleotides (n = 6 to 8) were examined. Also, cyclic adenosine monophosphate and cyclic guanosine monophosphate levels in spinal cord tissues were measured by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. RESULTS The authors here demonstrate that PDE2A is distinctly expressed in neurons of the superficial dorsal horn of the spinal cord, and that its spinal expression is upregulated in response to hind paw inflammation. Administration of the selective PDE2A inhibitor, BAY 60-7550, increased the nociceptive behavior of mice in animal models of inflammatory pain. Moreover, BAY 60-7550 increased the pain hypersensitivity induced by intrathecal delivery of cyclic adenosine monophosphate, but not of cyclic guanosine monophosphate, and it increased the cyclic adenosine monophosphate levels in spinal cord tissues. CONCLUSION Our findings indicate that PDE2A contributes to the processing of inflammatory pain in the spinal cord.
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Redrobe JP, Jørgensen M, Christoffersen CT, Montezinho LP, Bastlund JF, Carnerup M, Bundgaard C, Lerdrup L, Plath N. In vitro and in vivo characterisation of Lu AF64280, a novel, brain penetrant phosphodiesterase (PDE) 2A inhibitor: potential relevance to cognitive deficits in schizophrenia. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2014; 231:3151-67. [PMID: 24577516 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-014-3492-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2013] [Accepted: 02/05/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Here, we present the pharmacological characterisation of Lu AF64280, a novel, selective, brain penetrant phosphodiesterase (PDE) 2A inhibitor, in in vitro/in vivo assays indicative of PDE2A inhibition, and in vivo models/assays relevant to cognitive processing or antipsychotic-like activity. The in vitro selectivity of Lu AF64280 was determined against a panel of PDE enzymes and 3',5'-cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) levels in the hippocampus were determined using in vivo microdialysis. Lu AF64280 potently inhibited hPDE2A (Ki = 20 nM), 50-fold above moderate inhibition of both hPDE9A (Ki = 1,000 nM) and hPDE10A (Ki = 1,800 nM), and displayed a >250-fold selectivity over all other full-length human recombinant PDE family members (Ki above 5,000 nM). Lu AF64280 (20 mg/kg) significantly increased cGMP levels in the hippocampus (p < 0.01 versus vehicle-treated mice), attenuated sub-chronic phencyclidine-induced deficits in novel object exploration in rats (10 mg/kg, p < 0.001 versus vehicle-treated), blocked early postnatal phencyclidine-induced deficits in the intradimensional/extradimensional shift task in rats (1 and 10 mg/kg, p < 0.001 versus vehicle-treated) and attenuated spontaneous P20-N40 auditory gating deficits in DBA/2 mice (20 mg/kg, p < 0.05 versus vehicle-treated). In contrast, Lu AF64280 failed to attenuate phencyclidine-induced hyperactivity in mice, and was devoid of antipsychotic-like activity in the conditioned avoidance response paradigm in rats, at any dose tested. Lu AF64280 represents a novel tool compound for selective PDE2A inhibition that substantiates a critical role of this enzyme in cognitive processes under normal and pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- John P Redrobe
- Neuroscience Research DK, H. Lundbeck A/S, Ottiliavej 9, Valby, 2500, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Review: Modulation of striatal neuron activity by cyclic nucleotide signaling and phosphodiesterase inhibition. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 3:137-146. [PMID: 24490129 DOI: 10.1016/j.baga.2013.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The cyclic nucleotides cAMP and cGMP are common signaling molecules synthesized in neurons following the activation of adenylyl or guanylyl cyclase. In the striatum, the synthesis and degradation of cAMP and cGMP is highly regulated as these second messengers have potent effects on the activity of striatonigral and striatopallidal neurons. This review will summarize the literature on cyclic nucleotide signaling in the striatum with a particular focus on the impact of cAMP and cGMP on the membrane excitability of striatal medium-sized spiny output neurons (MSNs). The effects of non-selective and selective phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibitors on membrane activity and synaptic plasticity of MSNs will also be reviewed. Lastly, this review will discuss the implications of the effects PDE modulation on electrophysiological activity of striatal MSNs as it relates to the treatment of neurological disorders such as Huntington's and Parkinson's disease.
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Kelly MP, Adamowicz W, Bove S, Hartman AJ, Mariga A, Pathak G, Reinhart V, Romegialli A, Kleiman RJ. Select 3',5'-cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases exhibit altered expression in the aged rodent brain. Cell Signal 2013; 26:383-97. [PMID: 24184653 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2013.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2013] [Revised: 10/13/2013] [Accepted: 10/24/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
3',5'-cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases (PDEs) are the only known enzymes to compartmentalize cAMP and cGMP, yet little is known about how PDEs are dynamically regulated across the lifespan. We mapped mRNA expression of all 21 PDE isoforms in the adult rat and mouse central nervous system (CNS) using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and in situ hybridization to assess conservation across species. We also compared PDE mRNA and protein in the brains of old (26 months) versus young (5 months) Sprague-Dawley rats, with select experiments replicated in old (9 months) versus young (2 months) BALB/cJ mice. We show that each PDE isoform exhibits a unique expression pattern across the brain that is highly conserved between rats, mice, and humans. PDE1B, PDE1C, PDE2A, PDE4A, PDE4D, PDE5A, PDE7A, PDE8A, PDE8B, PDE10A, and PDE11A showed an age-related increase or decrease in mRNA expression in at least 1 of the 4 brain regions examined (hippocampus, cortex, striatum, and cerebellum). In contrast, mRNA expression of PDE1A, PDE3A, PDE3B, PDE4B, PDE7A, PDE7B, and PDE9A did not change with age. Age-related increases in PDE11A4, PDE8A3, PDE8A4/5, and PDE1C1 protein expression were confirmed in hippocampus of old versus young rodents, as were age-related increases in PDE8A3 protein expression in the striatum. Age-related changes in PDE expression appear to have functional consequences as, relative to young rats, the hippocampi of old rats demonstrated strikingly decreased phosphorylation of GluR1, CaMKIIα, and CaMKIIβ, decreased expression of the transmembrane AMPA regulatory proteins γ2 (a.k.a. stargazin) and γ8, and increased trimethylation of H3K27. Interestingly, expression of PDE11A4, PDE8A4/5, PDE8A3, and PDE1C1 correlate with these functional endpoints in young but not old rats, suggesting that aging is not only associated with a change in PDE expression but also a change in PDE compartmentalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michy P Kelly
- University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, Physiology & Neuroscience, 6439 Garners Ferry Rd, Columbia, SC 29209, USA.
| | - Wendy Adamowicz
- Pfizer Global Research and Development, Neuroscience Research Unit, Eastern point Road, Groton, CT 06340, USA.
| | - Susan Bove
- Pfizer Global Research and Development, Neuroscience Research Unit, Eastern point Road, Groton, CT 06340, USA.
| | - Alexander J Hartman
- University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, Physiology & Neuroscience, 6439 Garners Ferry Rd, Columbia, SC 29209, USA
| | - Abigail Mariga
- Pfizer Global Research and Development, Neuroscience Research Unit, Eastern point Road, Groton, CT 06340, USA.
| | - Geetanjali Pathak
- University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, Physiology & Neuroscience, 6439 Garners Ferry Rd, Columbia, SC 29209, USA
| | - Veronica Reinhart
- Pfizer Global Research and Development, Neuroscience Research Unit, Eastern point Road, Groton, CT 06340, USA
| | - Alison Romegialli
- Pfizer Global Research and Development, Neuroscience Research Unit, Eastern point Road, Groton, CT 06340, USA.
| | - Robin J Kleiman
- Pfizer Global Research and Development, Neuroscience Research Unit, Eastern point Road, Groton, CT 06340, USA.
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