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Wang L, Xie Z, Wu M, Chen Y, Wang X, Li X, Liu F. The role of taurine through endoplasmic reticulum in physiology and pathology. Biochem Pharmacol 2024; 226:116386. [PMID: 38909788 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2024.116386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2024] [Revised: 06/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
Taurine is a sulfur-containing amino acid found in many cell organelles that plays a wide range of biological roles, including bile salt production, osmoregulation, oxidative stress reduction, and neuromodulation. Taurine treatments have also been shown to ameliorate the onset and development of many diseases, including hypertension, fatty liver, neurodegenerative diseases and ischemia-reperfusion injury, by exerting antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiapoptotic effects. The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a dynamic organelle involved in a wide range of cellular functions, including lipid metabolism, calcium storage and protein stabilization. Under stress, the disruption of the ER environment leads to the accumulation of misfolded proteins and a characteristic stress response called the unfolded protein response (UPR). The UPR protects cells from stress and helps to restore cellular homeostasis, but its activation promotes cell death under prolonged ER stress. Recent studies have shown that ER stress is closely related to the onset and development of many diseases. This article reviews the beneficial effects and related mechanisms of taurine by regulating the ER in different physiological and pathological states, with the aim of providing a reference for further research and clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linfeng Wang
- Institute of Microbial Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China; Engineering Research Center for Applied Microbiology of Henan Province, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Zhenxing Xie
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Mengxian Wu
- Institute of Microbial Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China; Engineering Research Center for Applied Microbiology of Henan Province, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Yunayuan Chen
- Institute of Microbial Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China; Engineering Research Center for Applied Microbiology of Henan Province, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Institute of Microbial Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China; Engineering Research Center for Applied Microbiology of Henan Province, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Xingke Li
- Institute of Microbial Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China; Engineering Research Center for Applied Microbiology of Henan Province, Kaifeng, 475004, China.
| | - Fangli Liu
- College of Nursing and Health, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China.
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Zeng Y, Fan N, Gu X, Zhang Y, Min W, Mao Q, Qian Q. Characteristics of gut microbiota and serum metabolism in patients with atopic dermatitis. Skin Res Technol 2024; 30:e13792. [PMID: 38940462 PMCID: PMC11212066 DOI: 10.1111/srt.13792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease that affects 15%-30% of children and 10% of adults globally, with its incidence being influenced by genetic, environmental, and various other factors. While the immune plays a crucial role in the development, the composition of gut microbiota and serum metabolites also contribute to its pathogenesis. SUBJECT Study the characteristics of gut microbiota and serum metabolites in patients with atopic dermatitis METHOD: In this study, we collected stool and serum samples from 28 AD patients and 23 healthy individuals (NC) for metagenomic sequencing of gut microbiota and non-targeted metabolomic sequencing of serum. RESULT Our results revealed a lower diversity of gut microbiota in the AD group compared to the NC group. The predominant Phylum in AD patients were Bacteroidetes, Pseudomonas, and Verrucomicrobia, with the most dominant bacterial genus being Faecalibacterium. At the species level, Prevotella copri and Faecalibacterium prausnitzii were found to be the most abundant bacteria. Significant differences in serum metabolite profiles were observed between NC and AD patients, with noticeable variations in metabolite expression levels. The majority of metabolites in the serum of AD patients exhibited low expression, while a few showed high expression levels. Notably, metabolites such as Cholesterol glucuronide, Styrene, Lutein, Betaine, Phosphorylcholine, Taurine, and Creatinine displayed the most pronounced alterations. CONCLUSION These findings contribute to a further understanding of the complexities underlying this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yibin Zeng
- Department of DermatologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Ni Fan
- Department of DermatologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Xiaoli Gu
- Department of DermatologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Yiwen Zhang
- Department of DermatologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Wei Min
- Department of DermatologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Qiuyu Mao
- Department of DermatologyMinhang HospitalFudan UniversitShanghaiChina
| | - Qihong Qian
- Department of DermatologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina
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Cho SH, Kim JC, Ha JH. Respiratory Responses to Single Oral Administration of Taurine in Sprague-Dawley Rats. J Med Food 2024; 27:575-578. [PMID: 38624298 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2024.k.0038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Taurine is a nonessential amino acid that has been increasingly consumed due to its various beneficial biological effects. Excessive taurine intake has been linked to the positive regulation of inflammatory responses and endoplasmic reticulum stress through the modulation of intracellular calcium levels. However, research on the potential adverse effects of taurine consumption on the respiratory system is limited. To address this, we investigated the respiratory responses of 6-week-old male Sprague-Dawley rats to taurine administered orally at 0, 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg. Respiratory rate, tidal volume, and minute volume were monitored in accordance with the International Council for Harmonization of Technical Requirements for Pharmaceuticals for Human Use (ICH) Harmonized Tripartite Guideline S7A for Safety Pharmacology Studies for Human Pharmaceuticals. We found that taurine administration did not significantly alter respiratory rate or tidal volume; however, a significant increase in minute volume was observed 6 h after administration of 200 mg/kg taurine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Hyun Cho
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
- Safety Evaluation Team, CentralBio Co., Ltd., Incheon, Korea
| | - Jong-Choon Kim
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Jung-Heun Ha
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Dankook University, Cheonan, Korea
- Research Center for Industrialization of Natural Neutralization, Dankook University, Yongin, Korea
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Modi JP, Shen W, Menzie-Suderam J, Xu H, Lin CH, Tao R, Prentice HM, Schloss J, Wu JY. The Role of NMDA Receptor Partial Antagonist, Carbamathione, as a Therapeutic Agent for Transient Global Ischemia. Biomedicines 2023; 11:1885. [PMID: 37509524 PMCID: PMC10377037 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11071885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Carbamathione (Carb), an NMDA glutamate receptor partial antagonist, has potent neuroprotective functions against hypoxia- or ischemia-induced neuronal injury in cell- or animal-based stroke models. We used PC-12 cell cultures as a cell-based model and bilateral carotid artery occlusion (BCAO) for stroke. Whole-cell patch clamp recording in the mouse retinal ganglion cells was performed. Key proteins involved in apoptosis, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, and heat shock proteins were analyzed using immunoblotting. Carb is effective in protecting PC12 cells against glutamate- or hypoxia-induced cell injury. Electrophysiological results show that Carb attenuates NMDA-mediated glutamate currents in the retinal ganglion cells, which results in activation of the AKT signaling pathway and increased expression of pro-cell survival biomarkers, e.g., Hsp 27, P-AKT, and Bcl2 and decreased expression of pro-cell death markers, e.g., Beclin 1, Bax, and Cleaved caspase 3, and ER stress markers, e.g., CHOP, IRE1, XBP1, ATF 4, and eIF2α. Using the BCAO animal stroke model, we found that Carb reduced the brain infarct volume and decreased levels of ER stress markers, GRP 78, CHOP, and at the behavioral level, e.g., a decrease in asymmetric turns and an increase in locomotor activity. These findings for Carb provide promising and rational strategies for stroke therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jigar Pravinchandra Modi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL 33431, USA
- Center of Complex Systems and Brain Sciences, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL 33431, USA
| | - Wen Shen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL 33431, USA
- Program in Integrative Biology, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL 33431, USA
| | - Janet Menzie-Suderam
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL 33431, USA
- Program in Integrative Biology, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL 33431, USA
| | - Hongyuan Xu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL 33431, USA
| | - Chun-Hua Lin
- Department of Nursing, Kang-Ning University, Taipei 11485, Taiwan
| | - Rui Tao
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL 33431, USA
- Program in Integrative Biology, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL 33431, USA
| | - Howard M Prentice
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL 33431, USA
- Center of Complex Systems and Brain Sciences, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL 33431, USA
- Program in Integrative Biology, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL 33431, USA
| | - John Schloss
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, American University of Health Sciences, Signal Hill, CA 90755, USA
| | - Jang-Yen Wu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL 33431, USA
- Center of Complex Systems and Brain Sciences, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL 33431, USA
- Program in Integrative Biology, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL 33431, USA
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Wang L, Gharibani P, Yang Y, Guo Y, Yin J. Regulation of enteric nervous system via sacral nerve stimulation in opioid-induced constipated rats. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1146883. [PMID: 37332864 PMCID: PMC10272359 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1146883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives Sacral nerve stimulation (SNS) has been employed for treating constipation. However, its mechanisms involving enteric nervous system (ENS) and motility are largely unknown. In this study, we investigated the possible ENS involvement of SNS in treating Loperamide-induced constipation in rats. Methods Experiment-1 was designed to study the effects of acute SNS on whole colon transit time (CTT). In experiment-2, we induced constipation by Loperamide and then applied daily SNS or sham-SNS for 1 week. Choline acetyltransferase (ChAT), nitric oxide synthase (nNOS), and PGP9.5 in colon tissue were examined at the end of the study. Moreover, survival factors such as phosphorylated AKT (p-AKT) and Glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) were measures by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and western blot (WB). Key results (1) SNS with one set of parameters shortened CTT starting at 90 min after phenol red administration (p < 0.05). (2) While Loperamide induced slow transit constipation with a significant reduction in fecal pellet number and feces wet weight, daily SNS for a week resolved constipation. (3) Moreover, SNS was able to shorten whole gut transit time comparing to sham-SNS (p = 0.01). (4) Loperamide reduced the number of PGP9.5 and ChAT positive cells, and downregulated ChAT protein expression and upregulated nNOS protein expression, whereas these detrimental effects were significantly reversed by SNS. (5) Furthermore, SNS increased expressions of both GDNF and p-AKT in colon tissue. (6) Vagal activity was reduced following Loperamide (p < 0.01); yet SNS normalized vagal activity. Conclusion SNS with appropriate parameters improves opioid-induced constipation and reversed the detrimental effects of Loperamide on enteric neurons possibly via the GDNF-PI3K/Akt pathway.GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyun Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Payam Gharibani
- Division of Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Yi Yang
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Yu Guo
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Jieyun Yin
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
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Tang Y, Sun L, Zhao Y, Yao J, Feng Z, Liu Z, Zhang G, Sun C. UHPLC-ESI-QE-Orbitrap-MS based metabolomics reveals the antioxidant mechanism of icaritin on mice with cerebral ischemic reperfusion. PeerJ 2023; 11:e14483. [PMID: 36643627 PMCID: PMC9838208 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.14483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Icaritin (ICT) has been previously demonstrated to display protective effects against cerebral ischemic reperfusion (I/R) by inhibiting oxidative stress, but the mechanism remains unclear. This study aimed to explore the mechanism from the perspective of metabolomics. Methods A mice cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (MCAO/R) model was explored to mimic cerebral ischemic reperfusion and protective effect of ICT was assessed by neurologic deficit scoring, infarct volume and brain water content. Ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography electrospray ionization orbitrap tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-ESI-QE-Orbitrap-MS) based metabolomic was performed to explore potential biomarkers. Brain tissue metabolic profiles were analyzed and metabolic biomarkers were identified through multivariate data analysis. The protein levels of Nrf2, HO-1 and HQO1 were assayed by western blot. The release of malondialdehyde (MDA) and the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and catalase (CAT) were detected using corresponding assay kits. Results The results showed that after ICT treatment, the neurological deficit, cerebral infarction area, brain edema and the level of MDA in brain tissue of MCAO/R mice were significantly reduced. Meanwhile, ICT enhanced the activity of SOD, CAT and GSH-Px. Western blot results confirmed that ICT up-regulated the protein levels of antioxidant-related protein including Nrf2, HO-1 and NQO1. According to the metabolomic profiling of brain tissues, clear separations were observed among the Sham, Model and ICT groups. A total of 44 biomarkers were identified, and the identified biomarkers were mainly related to linoleic acid metabolism, arachidonic acid metabolism, alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism, arginine biosynthesis, arginine and proline metabolism, D-glutamine and D-glutamate metabolism, taurine and hypotaurine metabolism and purine metabolism, respectively. At the same time, the inhibitory effect of ICT on arachidonic acid and linoleic acid in brain tissue, as well as the promoting effect on taurine, GABA, NAAG, may be the key factors for the anti-neurooxidative function of mice after MCAO/R injury. Conclusion Our results demonstrate that ICT has benefits for MCAO/R injury, which are partially related to the suppression of oxidative stress via stimulating the Nrf2 signaling and regulating the production of arachidonic acid, linoleic acid, taurine, GABA, NAAG in brain tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunfeng Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Generic Manufacture Technology of Chinese Traditional Medicine, Lunan Pharmaceutical Group Co. Ltd., Linyi, Shandong Province, China
| | - Lixin Sun
- Linyi Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Linyi, Shandong Province, China
| | - Yun Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Generic Manufacture Technology of Chinese Traditional Medicine, Lunan Pharmaceutical Group Co. Ltd., Linyi, Shandong Province, China
| | - Jingchun Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Generic Manufacture Technology of Chinese Traditional Medicine, Lunan Pharmaceutical Group Co. Ltd., Linyi, Shandong Province, China
| | - Zhong Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Generic Manufacture Technology of Chinese Traditional Medicine, Lunan Pharmaceutical Group Co. Ltd., Linyi, Shandong Province, China,School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Zhong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Generic Manufacture Technology of Chinese Traditional Medicine, Lunan Pharmaceutical Group Co. Ltd., Linyi, Shandong Province, China
| | - Guimin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Generic Manufacture Technology of Chinese Traditional Medicine, Lunan Pharmaceutical Group Co. Ltd., Linyi, Shandong Province, China
| | - Chenghong Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Generic Manufacture Technology of Chinese Traditional Medicine, Lunan Pharmaceutical Group Co. Ltd., Linyi, Shandong Province, China
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Li M, Tang H, Li Z, Tang W. Emerging Treatment Strategies for Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury. Neuroscience 2022; 507:112-124. [PMID: 36341725 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2022.10.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury (CI/RI) injury is a common feature of ischemic stroke which occurs when the blood supply is restored after a period of ischemia in the brain. Reduced blood-flow to the brain during CI/RI compromises neuronal cell health as a result of mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, cytokine production, inflammation and tissue damage. Reperfusion therapy during CI/RI can restore the blood flow to ischemic regions of brain which are not yet infarcted. The long-term goal of CI/RI therapy is to reduce stroke-related neuronal cell death, disability and mortality. A range of drug and interventional therapies have emerged that can alleviate CI/RI mediated oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis in the brain. Herein, we review recent studies on CI/RI interventions for which a mechanism of action has been described and the potential of these therapeutic modalities for future use in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengxing Li
- College of Acupuncture and Massage (Rehabilitation Medical College), Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China
| | - Heyong Tang
- College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine (School of Life Sciences), Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China
| | - Zhen Li
- College of Acupuncture and Massage (Rehabilitation Medical College), Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China
| | - Wei Tang
- College of Acupuncture and Massage (Rehabilitation Medical College), Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China.
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Zhu MX, Ma XF, Niu X, Fan GB, Li Y. Mitochondrial unfolded protein response in ischemia-reperfusion injury. Brain Res 2022; 1797:148116. [PMID: 36209898 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2022.148116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial unfolded protein response (UPRmt) is a mitochondrial stress response that activates the transcriptional program of mitochondrial chaperone proteins and proteases to keep protein homeostasis in mitochondria. Ischemia-reperfusion injury results in multiple severe clinical issues linked to high morbidity and mortality in various disorders. The pathophysiology and pathogenesis of ischemia-reperfusion injury are complex and multifactorial. Emerging evidence showed the roles of UPRmt signaling in ischemia-reperfusion injury. Herein, we discuss the regulatory mechanisms underlying UPRmt signaling in C. elegans and mammals. Furthermore, we review the recent studies into the roles and mechanisms of UPRmt signaling in ischemia-reperfusion injury of the heart, brain, kidney, and liver. Further research of UPRmt signaling will potentially develop novel therapeutic strategies against ischemia-reperfusion injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Xi Zhu
- Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medicine and Life Science, Hainan Medical University, Hainan, China
| | - Xiao-Fei Ma
- Department of ICU, The 4th Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xing Niu
- Department of Second Clinical College, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Gui-Bo Fan
- Department of Anesthesiology, The 4th Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, The 4th Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
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Xu B, Wang C, Chen H, Zhang L, Gong L, Zhong L, Yang J. Protective role of MG53 against ischemia/reperfusion injury on multiple organs: A narrative review. Front Physiol 2022; 13:1018971. [PMID: 36479346 PMCID: PMC9720843 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.1018971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury is a common clinical problem after coronary angioplasty, cardiopulmonary resuscitation, and organ transplantation, which can lead to cell damage and death. Mitsugumin 53 (MG53), also known as Trim72, is a conservative member of the TRIM family and is highly expressed in mouse skeletal and cardiac muscle, with minimal amounts in humans. MG53 has been proven to be involved in repairing cell membrane damage. It has a protective effect on I/R injury in multiple oxygen-dependent organs, such as the heart, brain, lung, kidney, and liver. Recombinant human MG53 also plays a unique role in I/R, sepsis, and other aspects, which is expected to provide new ideas for related treatment. This article briefly reviews the pathophysiology of I/R injury and how MG53 mitigates multi-organ I/R injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bowen Xu
- The 2nd Medical College of Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, China
- Department of Cardiology, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Chunxiao Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Hongping Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, Shandong, China
- Medical Department of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Lihui Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, Shandong, China
- Medical Department of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Lei Gong
- Department of Cardiology, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Lin Zhong
- Department of Cardiology, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Jun Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, Shandong, China
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Solovieva M, Shatalin Y, Odinokova I, Krestinina O, Baburina Y, Lomovskaya Y, Pankratov A, Pankratova N, Buneeva O, Kopylov A, Medvedev A, Akatov V. Disulfiram Oxy-Derivatives Suppress Protein Retrotranslocation across the ER Membrane to the Cytosol and Initiate Paraptosis-like Cell Death. MEMBRANES 2022; 12:845. [PMID: 36135864 PMCID: PMC9506514 DOI: 10.3390/membranes12090845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Disulfiram (DSF) and its derivatives were here investigated as antineoplastic agents, and their important feature is the ability to influence the UPS. We have recently shown that hydroxocobalamin catalyzes the aerobic oxidation of diethyldithiocarbamate to form disulfiram and its oxy-derivatives (DSFoxy; i.e., sulfones and sulfoxides), which induce cytoplasm vacuolization and paraptosis-like cancer cell death. We used LC-MS/MS and bioinformatics analysis to determine the key points in these processes. DSFoxy was found to induce an increase in the number of ubiquitinated proteins, including oxidized ones, and a decrease in the monomeric ubiquitin. Enhanced ubiquitination was revealed for proteins involved in the response to exogenous stress, regulation of apoptosis, autophagy, DNA damage/repair, transcription and translation, folding and ubiquitination, retrograde transport, the MAPK cascade, and some other functions. The results obtained indicate that DSF oxy-derivatives enhance the oxidation and ubiquitination of many proteins regulating proteostasis (including E3 ligases and deubiquitinases), which leads to inhibition of protein retrotranslocation across the ER membrane into the cytosol and accumulation of misfolded proteins in the ER followed by ER swelling and initiates paraptosis-like cell death. Our results provide new insight into the role of protein ubiquitination/deubiquitination in regulating protein retrotranslocation across the ER membrane into the cytosol and paraptosis-like cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Solovieva
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142290 Pushchino, Russia
| | - Yuri Shatalin
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142290 Pushchino, Russia
| | - Irina Odinokova
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142290 Pushchino, Russia
| | - Olga Krestinina
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142290 Pushchino, Russia
| | - Yulia Baburina
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142290 Pushchino, Russia
| | - Yana Lomovskaya
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142290 Pushchino, Russia
| | - Anton Pankratov
- Institute of Mathematical Problems of Biology RAS—The Branch of Keldysh Institute of Applied Mathematics of Russian Academy of Sciences, 142290 Pushchino, Russia
| | - Natalia Pankratova
- Institute of Mathematical Problems of Biology RAS—The Branch of Keldysh Institute of Applied Mathematics of Russian Academy of Sciences, 142290 Pushchino, Russia
| | - Olga Buneeva
- Department of Proteomic Research and Mass Spectrometry, Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, 10 Pogodinskaya Street, 119121 Moscow, Russia
| | - Arthur Kopylov
- Department of Proteomic Research and Mass Spectrometry, Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, 10 Pogodinskaya Street, 119121 Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexei Medvedev
- Department of Proteomic Research and Mass Spectrometry, Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, 10 Pogodinskaya Street, 119121 Moscow, Russia
| | - Vladimir Akatov
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142290 Pushchino, Russia
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Bioactive Compounds and Therapeutics from Fish: Revisiting Their Suitability in Functional Foods to Enhance Human Wellbeing. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:3661866. [PMID: 36033572 PMCID: PMC9410824 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3661866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Global public awareness about fish-based diet and its health/nutritional benefits is on the rise. Fish nutritional profile projects promising bioactive and other compounds with innumerable health benefits for human wellbeing. As various reported researches involving fish/marine-derived molecules reveal promising attributes, and as the position of fish-based nutrients as nutraceuticals continue to strengthen, health challenges still confront communities worldwide, from cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and obesity to hypertension. Thus, further understanding of fish-based nutrient impact as functional foods remains crucial given the diverse prevailing compositional/nutraceutical merits. In this review, therefore, we provide important information regarding bioactive compounds and therapeutics obtained from fish, specific to the context of their suitability in functional foods to enhance human health. This contribution is hereby constructed as follows: (a) fish nutraceutical/therapeutic components, (b) constituents of fish-based nutrients and their suitability in functional foods, (c) fish antioxidant/bioactive compounds to help alleviate health conditions, (d) common human ailments alleviated by fish-based nutrients, and (e) role of fish in mental health and immune system. As increased fish consumption should be encouraged, the potential of the quality proteins, omega-3 fatty acids, and other compounds inherent in fish should steadily be harnessed.
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Ramírez-Guerrero S, Guardo-Maya S, Medina-Rincón GJ, Orrego-González EE, Cabezas-Pérez R, González-Reyes RE. Taurine and Astrocytes: A Homeostatic and Neuroprotective Relationship. Front Mol Neurosci 2022; 15:937789. [PMID: 35866158 PMCID: PMC9294388 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2022.937789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Taurine is considered the most abundant free amino acid in the brain. Even though there are endogenous mechanisms for taurine production in neural cells, an exogenous supply of taurine is required to meet physiological needs. Taurine is required for optimal postnatal brain development; however, its brain concentration decreases with age. Synthesis of taurine in the central nervous system (CNS) occurs predominantly in astrocytes. A metabolic coupling between astrocytes and neurons has been reported, in which astrocytes provide neurons with hypotaurine as a substrate for taurine production. Taurine has antioxidative, osmoregulatory, and anti-inflammatory functions, among other cytoprotective properties. Astrocytes release taurine as a gliotransmitter, promoting both extracellular and intracellular effects in neurons. The extracellular effects include binding to neuronal GABAA and glycine receptors, with subsequent cellular hyperpolarization, and attenuation of N-methyl-D-aspartic acid (NMDA)-mediated glutamate excitotoxicity. Taurine intracellular effects are directed toward calcium homeostatic pathway, reducing calcium overload and thus preventing excitotoxicity, mitochondrial stress, and apoptosis. However, several physiological aspects of taurine remain unclear, such as the existence or not of a specific taurine receptor. Therefore, further research is needed not only in astrocytes and neurons, but also in other glial cells in order to fully comprehend taurine metabolism and function in the brain. Nonetheless, astrocyte’s role in taurine-induced neuroprotective functions should be considered as a promising therapeutic target of several neuroinflammatory, neurodegenerative and psychiatric diseases in the near future. This review provides an overview of the significant relationship between taurine and astrocytes, as well as its homeostatic and neuroprotective role in the nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofía Ramírez-Guerrero
- Grupo de Investigación en Neurociencias (NeURos), Centro de Neurociencias Neurovitae-UR, Instituto de Medicina Traslacional (IMT), Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Santiago Guardo-Maya
- Grupo de Investigación en Neurociencias (NeURos), Centro de Neurociencias Neurovitae-UR, Instituto de Medicina Traslacional (IMT), Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Germán J. Medina-Rincón
- Grupo de Investigación en Neurociencias (NeURos), Centro de Neurociencias Neurovitae-UR, Instituto de Medicina Traslacional (IMT), Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Eduardo E. Orrego-González
- Grupo de Investigación en Neurociencias (NeURos), Centro de Neurociencias Neurovitae-UR, Instituto de Medicina Traslacional (IMT), Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Ricardo Cabezas-Pérez
- Grupo de Investigación en Ciencias Biomédicas GRINCIBIO, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Antonio Nariño, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Rodrigo E. González-Reyes
- Grupo de Investigación en Neurociencias (NeURos), Centro de Neurociencias Neurovitae-UR, Instituto de Medicina Traslacional (IMT), Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
- *Correspondence: Rodrigo E. González-Reyes,
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Lõhelaid H, Anttila JE, Liew HK, Tseng KY, Teppo J, Stratoulias V, Airavaara M. UPR Responsive Genes Manf and Xbp1 in Stroke. Front Cell Neurosci 2022; 16:900725. [PMID: 35783104 PMCID: PMC9240287 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2022.900725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Stroke is a devastating medical condition with no treatment to hasten recovery. Its abrupt nature results in cataclysmic changes in the affected tissues. Resident cells fail to cope with the cellular stress resulting in massive cell death, which cannot be endogenously repaired. A potential strategy to improve stroke outcomes is to boost endogenous pro-survival pathways. The unfolded protein response (UPR), an evolutionarily conserved stress response, provides a promising opportunity to ameliorate the survival of stressed cells. Recent studies from us and others have pointed toward mesencephalic astrocyte-derived neurotrophic factor (MANF) being a UPR responsive gene with an active role in maintaining proteostasis. Its pro-survival effects have been demonstrated in several disease models such as diabetes, neurodegeneration, and stroke. MANF has an ER-signal peptide and an ER-retention signal; it is secreted by ER calcium depletion and exits cells upon cell death. Although its functions remain elusive, conducted experiments suggest that the endogenous MANF in the ER lumen and exogenously administered MANF protein have different mechanisms of action. Here, we will revisit recent and older bodies of literature aiming to delineate the expression profile of MANF. We will focus on its neuroprotective roles in regulating neurogenesis and inflammation upon post-stroke administration. At the same time, we will investigate commonalities and differences with another UPR responsive gene, X-box binding protein 1 (XBP1), which has recently been associated with MANF’s function. This will be the first systematic comparison of these two UPR responsive genes aiming at revealing previously uncovered associations between them. Overall, understanding the mode of action of these UPR responsive genes could provide novel approaches to promote cell survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helike Lõhelaid
- HiLIFE – Neuroscience Center, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- *Correspondence: Helike Lõhelaid,
| | - Jenni E. Anttila
- Drug Research Program, Division of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Individualized Drug Therapy Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Hock-Kean Liew
- Department of Medical Research, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien City, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Yin Tseng
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jaakko Teppo
- Drug Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Mikko Airavaara
- HiLIFE – Neuroscience Center, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Drug Research Program, Division of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Mikko Airavaara,
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Solovieva M, Shatalin Y, Odinokova I, Krestinina O, Baburina Y, Mishukov A, Lomovskaya Y, Pavlik L, Mikheeva I, Holmuhamedov E, Akatov V. Disulfiram oxy-derivatives induce entosis or paraptosis-like death in breast cancer MCF-7 cells depending on the duration of treatment. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2022; 1866:130184. [PMID: 35660414 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2022.130184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Revised: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dithiocarbamates and derivatives (including disulfiram, DSF) are currently investigated as antineoplastic agents. We have revealed earlier the ability of hydroxocobalamin (vitamin В12b) combined with diethyldithiocarbamate (DDC) to catalyze the formation of highly cytotoxic oxidized derivatives of DSF (DSFoxy, sulfones and sulfoxides). METHODS Electron and fluorescent confocal microscopy, molecular biology and conventional biochemical techniques were used to study the morphological and functional responses of MCF-7 human breast cancer cells to treatment with DDC and B12b alone or in combination. RESULTS DDC induces unfolded protein response in MCF-7 cells. The combined use of DDC and B12b causes MCF-7 cell death. Electron microscopy revealed the separation of ER and nuclear membranes, leading to the formation of both cytoplasmic and perinuclear vacuoles, with many fibers inside. The process of vacuolization coincided with the appearance of ER stress markers, a marked damage to mitochondria, a significant inhibition of 20S proteasome, and actin depolimerization at later stages. Specific inhibitors of apoptosis, necroptosis, autophagy, and ferroptosis did not prevent cell death. A short- time (6-h) exposure to DSFoxy caused a significant increase in the number of entotic cells. CONCLUSIONS These observations indicate that MCF-7 cells treated with a mixture of DDC and B12b die by the mechanism of paraptosis. A short- time exposure to DSFoxy caused, along with paraptosis, a significant activation of the entosis and its final stage, lysosomal cell death. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE The results obtained open up opportunities for the development of new approaches to induce non-apoptotic death of cancer cells by dithiocarbamates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Solovieva
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow region 142290, Russia
| | - Yuri Shatalin
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow region 142290, Russia.
| | - Irina Odinokova
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow region 142290, Russia
| | - Olga Krestinina
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow region 142290, Russia
| | - Yulia Baburina
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow region 142290, Russia
| | - Artem Mishukov
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow region 142290, Russia; Laboratory of Biorheology and Biomechanics, Center for Theoretical Problems of Physicochemical Pharmacology RAS, Moscow 109029, Russian Federation
| | - Yana Lomovskaya
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow region 142290, Russia
| | - Liubov Pavlik
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow region 142290, Russia
| | - Irina Mikheeva
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow region 142290, Russia
| | - Ekhson Holmuhamedov
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow region 142290, Russia; Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Vladimir Akatov
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow region 142290, Russia
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Wang L, Liu Y, Zhang X, Ye Y, Xiong X, Zhang S, Gu L, Jian Z, Wang H. Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and the Unfolded Protein Response in Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury. Front Cell Neurosci 2022; 16:864426. [PMID: 35602556 PMCID: PMC9114642 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2022.864426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is an acute cerebrovascular disease characterized by sudden interruption of blood flow in a certain part of the brain, leading to serious disability and death. At present, treatment methods for ischemic stroke are limited to thrombolysis or thrombus removal, but the treatment window is very narrow. However, recovery of cerebral blood circulation further causes cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury (CIRI). The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) plays an important role in protein secretion, membrane protein folding, transportation, and maintenance of intracellular calcium homeostasis. Endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) plays a crucial role in cerebral ischemia pathophysiology. Mild ERS helps improve cell tolerance and restore cell homeostasis; however, excessive or long-term ERS causes apoptotic pathway activation. Specifically, the protein kinase R-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK), activating transcription factor 6 (ATF6), and inositol-requiring enzyme 1 (IRE1) pathways are significantly activated following initiation of the unfolded protein response (UPR). CIRI-induced apoptosis leads to nerve cell death, which ultimately aggravates neurological deficits in patients. Therefore, it is necessary and important to comprehensively explore the mechanism of ERS in CIRI to identify methods for preserving brain cells and neuronal function after ischemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yingze Ye
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaoxing Xiong
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Shudi Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Lijuan Gu
- Central Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhihong Jian
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Zhihong Jian,
| | - Hongfa Wang
- Rehabilitation Medicine Center, Department of Anesthesiology, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Hongfa Wang,
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Taurine Supplementation as a Neuroprotective Strategy upon Brain Dysfunction in Metabolic Syndrome and Diabetes. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14061292. [PMID: 35334949 PMCID: PMC8952284 DOI: 10.3390/nu14061292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity, type 2 diabetes, and their associated comorbidities impact brain metabolism and function and constitute risk factors for cognitive impairment. Alterations to taurine homeostasis can impact a number of biological processes, such as osmolarity control, calcium homeostasis, and inhibitory neurotransmission, and have been reported in both metabolic and neurodegenerative disorders. Models of neurodegenerative disorders show reduced brain taurine concentrations. On the other hand, models of insulin-dependent diabetes, insulin resistance, and diet-induced obesity display taurine accumulation in the hippocampus. Given the possible cytoprotective actions of taurine, such cerebral accumulation of taurine might constitute a compensatory mechanism that attempts to prevent neurodegeneration. The present article provides an overview of brain taurine homeostasis and reviews the mechanisms by which taurine can afford neuroprotection in individuals with obesity and diabetes. We conclude that further research is needed for understanding taurine homeostasis in metabolic disorders with an impact on brain function.
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Roşca AE, Vlădăreanu AM, Mirica R, Anghel-Timaru CM, Mititelu A, Popescu BO, Căruntu C, Voiculescu SE, Gologan Ş, Onisâi M, Iordan I, Zăgrean L. Taurine and Its Derivatives: Analysis of the Inhibitory Effect on Platelet Function and Their Antithrombotic Potential. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11030666. [PMID: 35160118 PMCID: PMC8837186 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11030666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 01/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Taurine is a semi-essential, the most abundant free amino acid in the human body, with a six times higher concentration in platelets than any other amino acid. It is highly beneficial for the organism, has many therapeutic actions, and is currently approved for heart failure treatment in Japan. Taurine has been repeatedly reported to elicit an inhibitory action on platelet activation and aggregation, sustained by in vivo, ex vivo, and in vitro animal and human studies. Taurine showed effectiveness in several pathologies involving thrombotic diathesis, such as diabetes, traumatic brain injury, acute ischemic stroke, and others. As human prospective studies on thrombosis outcome are very difficult to carry out, there is an obvious need to validate existing findings, and bring new compelling data about the mechanisms underlying taurine and derivatives antiplatelet action and their antithrombotic potential. Chloramine derivatives of taurine proved a higher stability and pronounced selectivity for platelet receptors, raising the assumption that they could represent future potential antithrombotic agents. Considering that taurine and its analogues display permissible side effects, along with the need of finding new, alternative antithrombotic drugs with minimal side effects and long-term action, the potential clinical relevance of this fascinating nutrient and its derivatives requires further consideration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Eugen Roşca
- Department of Physiology, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania; (C.-M.A.-T.); (C.C.); (S.E.V.); (L.Z.)
- Department of Cardiology, Emergency University Hospital of Bucharest, 050098 Bucharest, Romania
- Correspondence: (A.E.R.); (A.-M.V.)
| | - Ana-Maria Vlădăreanu
- Department of Hematology, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Emergency University Hospital of Bucharest, 050098 Bucharest, Romania; (A.M.); (M.O.); (I.I.)
- Correspondence: (A.E.R.); (A.-M.V.)
| | - Radu Mirica
- Department of Surgery, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, “Sf. Ioan” Clinical Hospital, 042122 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Cristina-Mihaela Anghel-Timaru
- Department of Physiology, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania; (C.-M.A.-T.); (C.C.); (S.E.V.); (L.Z.)
| | - Alina Mititelu
- Department of Hematology, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Emergency University Hospital of Bucharest, 050098 Bucharest, Romania; (A.M.); (M.O.); (I.I.)
| | - Bogdan Ovidiu Popescu
- Department of Neurology, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Colentina Clinical Hospital, 020125 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Constantin Căruntu
- Department of Physiology, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania; (C.-M.A.-T.); (C.C.); (S.E.V.); (L.Z.)
- Department of Dermatology, “Prof. N.C. Paulescu” National Institute of Diabetes, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, 011233 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Suzana Elena Voiculescu
- Department of Physiology, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania; (C.-M.A.-T.); (C.C.); (S.E.V.); (L.Z.)
| | - Şerban Gologan
- Department of Gastroenterology, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Elias Clinical Hospital, 011461 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Minodora Onisâi
- Department of Hematology, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Emergency University Hospital of Bucharest, 050098 Bucharest, Romania; (A.M.); (M.O.); (I.I.)
| | - Iuliana Iordan
- Department of Hematology, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Emergency University Hospital of Bucharest, 050098 Bucharest, Romania; (A.M.); (M.O.); (I.I.)
- Department of Medical Semiology and Nephrology, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Leon Zăgrean
- Department of Physiology, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania; (C.-M.A.-T.); (C.C.); (S.E.V.); (L.Z.)
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Guo S, Wehbe A, Syed S, Wills M, Guan L, Lv S, Li F, Geng X, Ding Y. Cerebral Glucose Metabolism and Potential Effects on Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Stroke. Aging Dis 2022; 14:450-467. [PMID: 37008060 PMCID: PMC10017147 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2022.0905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is an extremely common pathology with strikingly high morbidity and mortality rates. The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is the primary organelle responsible for conducting protein synthesis and trafficking as well as preserving intracellular Ca2+ homeostasis. Mounting evidence shows that ER stress contributes to stroke pathophysiology. Moreover, insufficient circulation to the brain after stroke causes suppression of ATP production. Glucose metabolism disorder is an important pathological process after stroke. Here, we discuss the relationship between ER stress and stroke and treatment and intervention of ER stress after stroke. We also discuss the role of glucose metabolism, particularly glycolysis and gluconeogenesis, post-stroke. Based on recent studies, we speculate about the potential relationship and crosstalk between glucose metabolism and ER stress. In conclusion, we describe ER stress, glycolysis, and gluconeogenesis in the context of stroke and explore how the interplay between ER stress and glucose metabolism contributes to the pathophysiology of stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sichao Guo
- China-America Institute of Neuroscience, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Wayne State University School of Medicine, USA
| | - Alexandra Wehbe
- Department of Neurosurgery, Wayne State University School of Medicine, USA
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, USA
| | - Shabber Syed
- Department of Neurosurgery, Wayne State University School of Medicine, USA
| | - Melissa Wills
- Department of Neurosurgery, Wayne State University School of Medicine, USA
| | - Longfei Guan
- China-America Institute of Neuroscience, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Wayne State University School of Medicine, USA
| | - Shuyu Lv
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, China
| | - Fengwu Li
- China-America Institute of Neuroscience, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, China
| | - Xiaokun Geng
- China-America Institute of Neuroscience, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Wayne State University School of Medicine, USA
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, China
- Correspondence should be addressed to: Dr. Xiaokun Geng, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China. E-mail: ; Dr. Yuchuan Ding, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA. E-mail:
| | - Yuchuan Ding
- Department of Neurosurgery, Wayne State University School of Medicine, USA
- Correspondence should be addressed to: Dr. Xiaokun Geng, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China. E-mail: ; Dr. Yuchuan Ding, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA. E-mail:
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Baliou S, Adamaki M, Ioannou P, Pappa A, Panayiotidis MI, Spandidos DA, Christodoulou I, Kyriakopoulos AM, Zoumpourlis V. Protective role of taurine against oxidative stress (Review). Mol Med Rep 2021; 24:605. [PMID: 34184084 PMCID: PMC8240184 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2021.12242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Taurine is a fundamental mediator of homeostasis that exerts multiple roles to confer protection against oxidant stress. The development of hypertension, muscle/neuro‑associated disorders, hepatic cirrhosis, cardiac dysfunction and ischemia/reperfusion are examples of some injuries that are linked with oxidative stress. The present review gives a comprehensive description of all the underlying mechanisms of taurine, with the aim to explain its anti‑oxidant actions. Taurine is regarded as a cytoprotective molecule due to its ability to sustain normal electron transport chain, maintain glutathione stores, upregulate anti‑oxidant responses, increase membrane stability, eliminate inflammation and prevent calcium accumulation. In parallel, the synergistic effect of taurine with other potential therapeutic modalities in multiple disorders are highlighted. Apart from the results derived from research findings, the current review bridges the gap between bench and bedside, providing mechanistic insights into the biological activity of taurine that supports its potential therapeutic efficacy in clinic. In the future, further clinical studies are required to support the ameliorative effect of taurine against oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stella Baliou
- National Hellenic Research Foundation, 11635 Athens, Greece
| | - Maria Adamaki
- National Hellenic Research Foundation, 11635 Athens, Greece
| | - Petros Ioannou
- Department of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, University Hospital of Heraklion, 71110 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Aglaia Pappa
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Mihalis I. Panayiotidis
- Department of Cancer Genetics, Therapeutics and Ultrastructural Pathology, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, 2371 Nicosia, Cyprus
- The Cyprus School of Molecular Medicine, 2371 Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Demetrios A. Spandidos
- Department of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, University Hospital of Heraklion, 71110 Heraklion, Greece
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Mohammed Thangameeran SI, Tsai ST, Hung HY, Hu WF, Pang CY, Chen SY, Liew HK. A Role for Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Intracerebral Hemorrhage. Cells 2020; 9:cells9030750. [PMID: 32204394 PMCID: PMC7140640 DOI: 10.3390/cells9030750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Revised: 03/15/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is an intracellular organelle that performs multiple functions, such as lipid biosynthesis, protein folding, and maintaining intracellular calcium homeostasis. Thus, conditions wherein the ER is unable to fold proteins is defined as ER stress, and an inbuilt quality control mechanism, called the unfolded protein response (UPR), is activated during ER stress, which serves as a recovery system that inhibits protein synthesis. Further, based on the severity of ER stress, the response could involve both proapoptotic and antiapoptotic phases. Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is the second most common subtype of cerebral stroke and many lines of evidence have suggested a role for the ER in major neurological disorders. The injury mechanism during ICH includes hematoma formation, which in turn leads to inflammation, elevated intracranial pressure, and edema. A proper understanding of the injury mechanism(s) is required to effectively treat ICH and closing the gap between our current understanding of ER stress mechanisms and ICH injury can lead to valuable advances in the clinical management of ICH.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sheng-Tzung Tsai
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 970, Taiwan; (S.I.M.T.); (S.-T.T.); (C.-Y.P.); (S.-Y.C.)
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien 970, Taiwan;
- Neuro-Medical Scientific Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien 970, Taiwan
| | - Hsiang-Yi Hung
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien 970, Taiwan;
- Neuro-Medical Scientific Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien 970, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Fen Hu
- PhD Program in Pharmacology and Toxicology, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 970, Taiwan;
| | - Cheng-Yoong Pang
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 970, Taiwan; (S.I.M.T.); (S.-T.T.); (C.-Y.P.); (S.-Y.C.)
- Neuro-Medical Scientific Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien 970, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien 970, Taiwan
- CardioVascular Research Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien 970, Taiwan
| | - Shin-Yuan Chen
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 970, Taiwan; (S.I.M.T.); (S.-T.T.); (C.-Y.P.); (S.-Y.C.)
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien 970, Taiwan;
- Neuro-Medical Scientific Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien 970, Taiwan
| | - Hock-Kean Liew
- Neuro-Medical Scientific Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien 970, Taiwan
- PhD Program in Pharmacology and Toxicology, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 970, Taiwan;
- Department of Medical Research, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien 970, Taiwan
- CardioVascular Research Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien 970, Taiwan
- Correspondence: or ; Tel.: +886-3-856-1825 (ext. 15911); Fax: +886-3-8560-2019
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Modi J, Menzie-Suderam J, Xu H, Trujillo P, Medley K, Marshall ML, Tao R, Prentice H, Wu JY. Mode of action of granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) as a novel therapy for stroke in a mouse model. J Biomed Sci 2020; 27:19. [PMID: 31907023 PMCID: PMC6943893 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-019-0597-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2019] [Accepted: 11/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The FDA approved drug granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) displays anti-apoptotic and immunomodulatory properties with neurogenesis and angiogenic functions. It is known to demonstrate neuroprotective mechanisms against ischemic global stroke. Autophagy is a method for the degradation of intracellular components and in particular, unrestrained autophagy may lead to uncontrolled digestion of affected neurons as well as neuronal death in cerebral ischemia. Mitochondrial dynamics is vital for the regulation of cell survival and death after cerebral ischemia and an early upstream event in neuronal death is mitochondrial fission. We examined the pro-survival mechanisms of G-CSF against apoptosis resulting from autophagy, mitochondrial stress and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. METHODS Male Swiss Webster mice (20 weeks of age) were subjected to bilateral common carotid artery occlusion (BCAO) for 30 min. After occlusion, mice were injected with G-CSF (50 μg/kg) subcutaneously for 4 days. Behavioral analysis was carried out using the corner test and locomotor activity test before animals were sacrificed on day 4 or day 7. Key proteins in ER stress, autophagy and mitochondrial stress induced apoptosis were analyzed by immunoblotting. RESULTS G-CSF improved neurological deficits and improved behavioral performance on corner and locomotor test. G-CSF binds to G-CSF receptors and its activation leads to upregulation of Akt phosphorylation (P-Akt) which in turn decreases levels of the ER stress sensor, GRP 78 and expression of proteins involved in ER stress apoptosis pathway; ATF6, ATF4, eIF2α, XBP1, Caspase 12 and CHOP. G-CSF treatment significantly decreased Beclin-1, an autophagy marker, and decreased mitochondrial stress biomarkers DRP1 and P53. G-CSF also up-regulated the mitochondrial fusion protein, OPA1 and anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 while down-regulating the pro-apoptotic proteins Bax, Bak and PUMA. CONCLUSIONS G-CSF is an endogenous ligand in the CNS that has a dual activity that is beneficial both in reducing acute neuronal degeneration and adding to long-term plasticity after cerebral ischemia. G-CSF treatment exerts neuroprotective effects on damaged neurons through the suppression of the ER stress and mitochondrial stress and maintains cellular homeostasis by decreasing pro-apoptotic proteins and increasing of anti-apoptotic proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jigar Modi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, 33431, USA
- Center of Complex Systems and Brain Sciences, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, USA
| | - Janet Menzie-Suderam
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, 33431, USA
- Program in Integrative Biology, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, 33431, USA
| | - Hongyuan Xu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, 33431, USA
| | - Paola Trujillo
- Program in Integrative Biology, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, 33431, USA
| | - Kristen Medley
- Program in Integrative Biology, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, 33431, USA
| | | | - Rui Tao
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, 33431, USA
- Program in Integrative Biology, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, 33431, USA
| | - Howard Prentice
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, 33431, USA.
- Center of Complex Systems and Brain Sciences, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, USA.
- Program in Integrative Biology, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, 33431, USA.
| | - Jang-Yen Wu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, 33431, USA.
- Center of Complex Systems and Brain Sciences, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, USA.
- Program in Integrative Biology, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, 33431, USA.
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22
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Sanchez-Bezanilla S, Nilsson M, Walker FR, Ong LK. Can We Use 2,3,5-Triphenyltetrazolium Chloride-Stained Brain Slices for Other Purposes? The Application of Western Blotting. Front Mol Neurosci 2019; 12:181. [PMID: 31417355 PMCID: PMC6682641 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2019.00181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2019] [Accepted: 07/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
2,3,5-Triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining is a commonly used method to determine the volume of the cerebral infarction in experimental stroke models. The TTC staining protocol is considered to interfere with downstream analyses, and it is unclear whether TTC-stained brain samples can be used for biochemistry analyses. However, there is evidence indicating that, with proper optimization and handling, TTC-stained brains may remain viable for protein analyses. In the present study, we aimed to rigorously assess whether TTC can reliably be used for western blotting of various markers. In this study, brain samples obtained from C57BL/6 male mice were treated with TTC (TTC+) or left untreated (TTC−) at 1 week after photothrombotic occlusion or sham surgery. Brain regions were dissected into infarct, thalamus, and hippocampus, and proteins were extracted by using radioimmunoprecipitation assay buffer. Protein levels of apoptosis, autophagy, neuronal, glial, vascular, and neurodegenerative-related markers were analyzed by western blotting. Our results showed that TTC+ brains display similar relative changes in most of the markers compared with TTC− brains. In addition, we validated that these analyses can be performed in the infarct as well as other brain regions such as the thalamus and hippocampus. Our findings demonstrate that TTC+ brains are reliable for protein analyses using western blotting. Widespread adoption of this approach will be key to lowering the number of animals used while maximizing data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Sanchez-Bezanilla
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy and Priority Research Centre for Stroke and Brain Injury, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.,Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
| | - Michael Nilsson
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy and Priority Research Centre for Stroke and Brain Injury, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.,Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia.,NHMRC Centre of Research Excellence in Stroke Rehabilitation and Brain Recovery, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia.,Centre for Rehab Innovations, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.,Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Frederick R Walker
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy and Priority Research Centre for Stroke and Brain Injury, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.,Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia.,NHMRC Centre of Research Excellence in Stroke Rehabilitation and Brain Recovery, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia.,Centre for Rehab Innovations, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Lin Kooi Ong
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy and Priority Research Centre for Stroke and Brain Injury, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.,Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia.,NHMRC Centre of Research Excellence in Stroke Rehabilitation and Brain Recovery, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia.,School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Malaysia
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23
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Jakaria M, Azam S, Haque ME, Jo SH, Uddin MS, Kim IS, Choi DK. Taurine and its analogs in neurological disorders: Focus on therapeutic potential and molecular mechanisms. Redox Biol 2019; 24:101223. [PMID: 31141786 PMCID: PMC6536745 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2019.101223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 149] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Revised: 04/21/2019] [Accepted: 05/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Taurine is a sulfur-containing amino acid and known as semi-essential in mammals and is produced chiefly by the liver and kidney. It presents in different organs, including retina, brain, heart and placenta and demonstrates extensive physiological activities within the body. In the several disease models, it attenuates inflammation- and oxidative stress-mediated injuries. Taurine also modulates ER stress, Ca2+ homeostasis and neuronal activity at the molecular level as part of its broader roles. Different cellular processes such as energy metabolism, gene expression, osmosis and quality control of protein are regulated by taurine. In addition, taurine displays potential ameliorating effects against different neurological disorders such as neurodegenerative diseases, stroke, epilepsy and diabetic neuropathy and protects against injuries and toxicities of the nervous system. Several findings demonstrate its therapeutic role against neurodevelopmental disorders, including Angelman syndrome, Fragile X syndrome, sleep-wake disorders, neural tube defects and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. Considering current biopharmaceutical limitations, developing novel delivery approaches and new derivatives and precursors of taurine may be an attractive option for treating neurological disorders. Herein, we present an overview on the therapeutic potential of taurine against neurological disorders and highlight clinical studies and its molecular mechanistic roles. This article also addresses the neuropharmacological potential of taurine analogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Jakaria
- Department of Applied Life Sciences and Integrated Bioscience, Graduate School, Konkuk University, Chungju, South Korea
| | - Shofiul Azam
- Department of Applied Life Sciences and Integrated Bioscience, Graduate School, Konkuk University, Chungju, South Korea
| | - Md Ezazul Haque
- Department of Applied Life Sciences and Integrated Bioscience, Graduate School, Konkuk University, Chungju, South Korea
| | - Song-Hee Jo
- Department of Applied Life Sciences and Integrated Bioscience, Graduate School, Konkuk University, Chungju, South Korea
| | - Md Sahab Uddin
- Department of Pharmacy, Southeast University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - In-Su Kim
- Department of Applied Life Sciences and Integrated Bioscience, Graduate School, Konkuk University, Chungju, South Korea; Department of Integrated Bioscience and Biotechnology, College of Biomedical and Health Sciences, and Research Institute of Inflammatory Diseases (RID), Konkuk University, Chungju, South Korea
| | - Dong-Kug Choi
- Department of Applied Life Sciences and Integrated Bioscience, Graduate School, Konkuk University, Chungju, South Korea; Department of Integrated Bioscience and Biotechnology, College of Biomedical and Health Sciences, and Research Institute of Inflammatory Diseases (RID), Konkuk University, Chungju, South Korea.
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24
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Cui Y, Wu G, Wang Z, Huang F, Ning Z, Chu L, Yang S, Lv Q, Hu J. Effects of Taurine on Broiler Aortic Endothelial Apoptosis Induced by Heat Stress. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2019; 1155:391-406. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-13-8023-5_37] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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Prentice H, Gharibani PM, Ma Z, Alexandrescu A, Genova R, Chen PC, Modi J, Menzie J, Pan C, Tao R, Wu JY. Neuroprotective Functions Through Inhibition of ER Stress by Taurine or Taurine Combination Treatments in a Rat Stroke Model. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2018; 975 Pt 1:193-205. [PMID: 28849455 DOI: 10.1007/978-94-024-1079-2_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Taurine, as a free amino acid, is found at high levels in many tissues including brain, heart and skeletal muscle and is known to demonstrate neuroprotective effects in a range of disease conditions including stroke and neurodegenerative disease. Using in vitro culture systems we have demonstrated that taurine can elicit protection against endoplasmic reticulum stress (ER stress) from glutamate excitotoxicity or from excessive reactive oxygen species in PC12 cells or rat neuronal cultures. In our current investigation we hypothesized that taurine treatment after stroke in the rat middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model would render protection against ER stress processes as reflected in decreased levels of expression of ER stress pathway components. We demonstrated that taurine elicited high level protection and inhibited both ATF-6 and IRE-1 ER stress pathway components. As ischemic stroke has a complex pathology it is likely that certain combination treatment approaches targeting multiple disease mechanisms may have excellent potential for efficacy. We have previously employed the partial NMDA antagonist DETC-MeSO to render protection against in vivo ischemic stroke using a rat cerebral ischemia model. Here we tested administration of subcutaneous administration of 0.56 mg/kg DETC-MeSO or 40 mg/kg of taurine separately or as combined treatment after a 120 min cerebral ischemia in the rat MCAO model. Neither drug alone demonstrated protection at the low doses employed. Remarkably however the combination of low dose DETC-MeSO plus low dose taurine conferred a diminished infarct size and an enhanced Neuroscore (reflecting decreased neurological deficit). Analysis of ER stress markers pPERK, peIF-2-alpha and cleaved ATF-6 all showed decreased expression demonstrating that all 3 ER stress pathways were inhibited concurrent with a synergistic protective effect by the post-stroke administration of this DETC-MeSO-taurine combination treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Howard Prentice
- Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, 33431, USA.
| | - Payam M Gharibani
- Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, 33431, USA
| | - Zhiyuan Ma
- Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, 33431, USA
| | - Anamaria Alexandrescu
- Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, 33431, USA
| | - Rafaella Genova
- Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, 33431, USA
| | - Po-Chih Chen
- Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, 33431, USA
| | - Jigar Modi
- Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, 33431, USA
| | - Janet Menzie
- Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, 33431, USA
| | - Chunliu Pan
- Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, 33431, USA
| | - Rui Tao
- Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, 33431, USA.
| | - Jang-Yen Wu
- Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, 33431, USA.
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Noorafshan A, Hashemi M, Karbalay-Doust S, Karimi F. High dose Allura Red, rather than the ADI dose, induces structural and behavioral changes in the medial prefrontal cortex of rats and taurine can protect it. Acta Histochem 2018; 120:586-594. [PMID: 30031538 DOI: 10.1016/j.acthis.2018.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2018] [Revised: 07/11/2018] [Accepted: 07/11/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Allura Red is a food color that can lead to neurotoxicity. Taurine is an organic compound that can act as a neuroprotectant. This study aimed to assess the effects of Allura Red with or without taurine consumption on rats' medial Prefrontal Cortex (mPFC). The subjects were divided into six groups as follows: distilled water, taurine (200 mg/kg/day), and low (7 mg/kg/day = acceptable daily dose), and high (70 mg/kg/day) doses of Allura Red with or without taurine consumption for six weeks. The results of novel objects recognition and eight-arm radial maze tests indicated impairment of memory in the Allura Red groups. Subsequently, their brains were analyzed using stereological methods. Both doses of Allura Red caused an increase in working and reference memory errors during the acquisition and retention phases in comparison to the distilled water group (p < 0.01). Additionally, the high dose of Allura Red led to a reduction in the volume of mPFC (35%) and its subdivisions, number of neurons (59%) and glial cells (46%), length of dendrites, and number of spines (mushroom and thin) per dendritic length in comparison to the distilled water group (p < 0.05). The low dose group only showed a reduction in the number of glial cells. However, simultaneous treatment of rats with taurine plus Allura Red prevented the above-mentioned changes. The acceptable daily dose of Allura Red could bring about impairment in spatial learning and memory as well as in the number of glial cells. On the other hand, the high dose of Allura Red could impair learning, memory, and mPFC structure. Thus, taurine could act as a neuroprotectant.
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27
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Shao Z, Wu P, Wang X, Jin M, Liu S, Ma X, Shi H. Tetramethylpyrazine Protects Against Early Brain Injury and Inhibits the PERK/Akt Pathway in a Rat Model of Subarachnoid Hemorrhage. Neurochem Res 2018; 43:1650-1659. [PMID: 29951731 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-018-2581-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2018] [Revised: 06/14/2018] [Accepted: 06/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Neuronal apoptosis is a potentially fatal pathological process that occurs in early brain injury (EBI) after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). There is an urgent need to identify effective therapeutics to alleviate neuronal apoptosis. Tetramethylpyrazine (TMP), as an important component of the Chinese traditional medicinal herb Ligusticum wallichii, has been widely used in China to treat cerebral ischemic injury and confer neuroprotection. In the present work, we investigate whether TMP can reduce EBI following SAH in rats, specifically via inactivating the PERK/Akt signaling cascade. One hundred twenty-five male Sprague-Dawley rats were used in the present study. TMP was administered by intravenous (i.v.) injection, and the Akt inhibitor MK2206 was injected intracerebroventricularly (i.c.v.). SAH grade, neurological scores, and brain water content were measured 24 h after SAH. Neuronal apoptosis was visualized by Fluoro-Jade C (FJC) staining. Western blotting was used to measure the levels of PERK, p-PERK, eIF2α, p-eIF2α, Akt, p-Akt, Bcl-2, Bax, and cleaved caspase-3. Our results showed that TMP effectively reduced neuronal apoptosis and improved neurobehavioral deficits 24 h after SAH. Administration of TMP reduced the abundance of p-PERK and p-eIF2α. In addition, TMP increased the p-Akt level and the Bcl-2/Bax ratio and decreased the level of cleaved caspase-3. The selective Akt inhibitor MK2206 abolished the anti-apoptotic effect of TMP at 24 h after SAH. Collectively, these results indicate that Akt-related anti-apoptosis through the PERK pathway is a major, potent mechanism of EBI. Further investigation of this pathway may provide a basis for the development of TMP as a clinical treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengkai Shao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Pei Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuefeng Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Meishan Jin
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuang Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Xudong Ma
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Huaizhang Shi
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China.
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28
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Jin R, Xiao AY, Liu S, Wang M, Li G. Taurine Reduces tPA (Tissue-Type Plasminogen Activator)-Induced Hemorrhage and Microvascular Thrombosis After Embolic Stroke in Rat. Stroke 2018; 49:1708-1718. [PMID: 29844028 DOI: 10.1161/strokeaha.118.020747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2018] [Revised: 04/18/2018] [Accepted: 04/25/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Taurine (2-aminoethansulfolic amino acid) exerts neuroprotective actions in experimental stroke. Here, we investigated the effect of taurine in combination with delayed tPA (tissue-type plasminogen activator) on embolic stroke. METHODS Rats subjected to embolic middle cerebral artery occlusion were treated with taurine (50 mg/kg) at 4 hours in combination with tPA (10 mg/kg) at 6 hours. Control groups consisted of ischemic rats treated with either taurine (50 mg/kg) or saline at 4 hours or tPA (10 mg/kg) alone at 2 or 6 hours after middle cerebral artery occlusion. RESULTS We found that combination treatment with taurine and tPA robustly reduced infarct volume and neurological deficits 3 days after stroke, whereas treatment with taurine alone had a less-significant protective effect. tPA alone at 6 hours had no effects on infarct volume but instead induced intracerebral hemorrhage. The combination treatment with taurine prevented tPA-associated hemorrhage and reduced intravascular deposition of fibrin/fibrinogen and platelets in downstream microvessels and hence improved microvascular patency. These protective effects are associated with profound inhibition of CD147 (cluster of differentiation 147)-dependent MMP-9 (matrix metalloproteinase-9) pathway in ischemic brain endothelium by taurine. Notably, targeted inhibition of CD147 by intracerebroventricular injection of the rat CD147 siRNA profoundly inhibited ischemia-induced and tPA-enhanced MMP-9 activity in ischemic brain endothelium and blocked tPA-induced cerebral hemorrhage. Finally, the combination treatment with taurine and tPA improved long-term outcome at least 45 days after stroke compared with saline-treated group. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that taurine in combination with tPA may be a clinically feasible approach toward future attempts at combination stroke therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Jin
- From the Department of Neurosurgery, Neuroscience Institute, Penn State Hershey Medical Center (R.J., S.L., M.W., G.L.)
| | - Adam Y Xiao
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology (A.Y.X., G.L.), Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport
| | - Shan Liu
- From the Department of Neurosurgery, Neuroscience Institute, Penn State Hershey Medical Center (R.J., S.L., M.W., G.L.)
| | - Min Wang
- From the Department of Neurosurgery, Neuroscience Institute, Penn State Hershey Medical Center (R.J., S.L., M.W., G.L.)
| | - Guohong Li
- From the Department of Neurosurgery, Neuroscience Institute, Penn State Hershey Medical Center (R.J., S.L., M.W., G.L.) .,Department of Neurosurgery (G.L.).,Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology (A.Y.X., G.L.), Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport
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29
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Schaffer S, Kim HW. Effects and Mechanisms of Taurine as a Therapeutic Agent. Biomol Ther (Seoul) 2018; 26:225-241. [PMID: 29631391 PMCID: PMC5933890 DOI: 10.4062/biomolther.2017.251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 178] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Revised: 01/29/2018] [Accepted: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Taurine is an abundant, β-amino acid with diverse cytoprotective activity. In some species, taurine is an essential nutrient but in man it is considered a semi-essential nutrient, although cells lacking taurine show major pathology. These findings have spurred interest in the potential use of taurine as a therapeutic agent. The discovery that taurine is an effective therapy against congestive heart failure led to the study of taurine as a therapeutic agent against other disease conditions. Today, taurine has been approved for the treatment of congestive heart failure in Japan and shows promise in the treatment of several other diseases. The present review summarizes studies supporting a role of taurine in the treatment of diseases of muscle, the central nervous system, and the cardiovascular system. In addition, taurine is extremely effective in the treatment of the mitochondrial disease, mitochondrial encephalopathy, lactic acidosis, and stroke-like episodes (MELAS), and offers a new approach for the treatment of metabolic diseases, such as diabetes, and inflammatory diseases, such as arthritis. The review also addresses the functions of taurine (regulation of antioxidation, energy metabolism, gene expression, ER stress, neuromodulation, quality control and calcium homeostasis) underlying these therapeutic actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen Schaffer
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL 36688,
USA
| | - Ha Won Kim
- Department of Life Science, University of Seoul, Seoul 02504,
Republic of Korea
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30
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Meng C, Zhang J, Dang B, Li H, Shen H, Li X, Wang Z. PERK Pathway Activation Promotes Intracerebral Hemorrhage Induced Secondary Brain Injury by Inducing Neuronal Apoptosis Both in Vivo and in Vitro. Front Neurosci 2018. [PMID: 29541018 PMCID: PMC5835756 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2018.00111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The protein kinase R (PKR)-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK) signaling pathway was reported to exert an important role in neuronal apoptosis. The present study was designed to investigate the roles of the PERK signaling pathway in the secondary brain injury (SBI) induced by intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) and its potential mechanisms. Sprague-Dawley rats were used to establish ICH models by injecting autologous blood (100 μl), and cultured primary rat cortical neurons were exposed to oxyhemoglobin (10 μM) to mimic ICH in vitro. The PERK antagonist, GSK2606414, and inhibitor of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit α (eIF2α) dephosphorylation, salubrinal, were used to study the roles of PERK signaling pathway in ICH-induced SBI. Our results showed that the protein levels of p-eIF2α and ATF4 were upregulated following ICH, peaking at 48 h. Application of GSK2606414 reversed this increase in vivo and in vitro, thereby preventing ICH-induced neuronal apoptosis. On the contrary, salubrinal inhibited the dephosphorylation of eIF2α, resulting in the elevation of p-eIF2α, which could activate downstream of PERK signaling and induce neuronal apoptosis and necrosis following ICH in vitro and in vivo. Thus, PERK signaling pathway plays an important role in ICH-induced apoptosis and blocking its activation has neuroprotective effects that alleviates SBI, suggesting that targeting this pathway could be a promising therapeutic strategy for improving patient outcome after ICH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengjie Meng
- Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Yancheng First Peoples' Hospital, Yancheng, China
| | - Juyi Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Baoqi Dang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Zhangjiagang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Suzhou, China
| | - Haiying Li
- Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Haitao Shen
- Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xiang Li
- Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Zhong Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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Sun G, Wang X, Li T, Qu S, Sun J. Taurine attenuates acrylamide-induced apoptosis via a PI3K/AKT-dependent manner. Hum Exp Toxicol 2018; 37:960327118765335. [PMID: 29607694 DOI: 10.1177/0960327118765335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
As a potent neurotoxic agent, acrylamide (ACR) is formed in food processing at higher temperature. Taurine (TAU), a nonessential amino acid, is used to cure neurodegenerative disorders, followed by activation of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/AKT) signaling pathway. In this article, we certified that antiapoptotic efficacy of TAU in vivo and vitro. ACR-treated rats received TAU by drinking water 2 weeks after ACR intoxication. The results showed that in treated rats, TAU alleviated ACR-induced neuronal apoptosis, which was associated with the activation of PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. TAU attenuated apoptosis caused by ACR through observing terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL)-positive cells, measure of protein expression of Bcl-2, Bax, and caspase 3 activity. TAU-induced antiapoptotic effect is PI3K/AKT-dependent, which was proved in ACR-intoxicated ventral spinal cord 4.1 cells in the presence of AKT inhibitor, MK-2206. Therefore, our results demonstrated that TAU-attenuated ACR-induced apoptosis in vivo through a PI3K/AKT-dependent manner provided new sights in the molecular mechanism of TAU protection against ACR-induced neurotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Sun
- 1 The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Liaoning, China
| | - X Wang
- 1 The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Liaoning, China
| | - T Li
- 1 The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Liaoning, China
| | - S Qu
- 2 Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - J Sun
- 1 The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Liaoning, China
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32
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Yao Y, Zhang B, Zhu H, Li H, Han Y, Chen K, Wang Z, Zeng J, Liu Y, Wang X, Li Y, He D, Lin P, Zhou X, Park KH, Bian Z, Chen Z, Gong N, Tan T, Zhou J, Zhang M, Ma J, Zeng C. MG53 permeates through blood-brain barrier to protect ischemic brain injury. Oncotarget 2017; 7:22474-85. [PMID: 26967557 PMCID: PMC5008374 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.7965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2015] [Accepted: 02/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemic injury to neurons represents the underlying cause of stroke to the brain. Our previous studies identified MG53 as an essential component of the cell membrane repair machinery. Here we show that the recombinant human (rh)MG53 protein facilitates repair of ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury to the brain. MG53 rapidly moves to acute injury sites on neuronal cells to form a membrane repair patch. IR-induced brain injury increases permeability of the blood-brain-barrier, providing access of MG53 from blood circulation to target the injured brain tissues. Exogenous rhMG53 protein can protect cultured neurons against hypoxia/reoxygenation-induced damages. Transgenic mice with increased levels of MG53 in the bloodstream are resistant to IR-induced brain injury. Intravenous administration of rhMG53, either prior to or after ischemia, can effectively alleviate brain injuries in rats. rhMG53-mediated neuroprotection involves suppression of apoptotic neuronal cell death, as well as activation of the pro-survival RISK signaling pathway. Our data indicate a physiological function for MG53 in the brain and suggest that targeting membrane repair or RISK signaling may be an effective means to treat ischemic brain injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonggang Yao
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing Institute of Cardiology, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Department of Surgery, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.,Institute of Organ Transplantation, Huazhong University of Science and Technology - Tongji Medical College, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Hua Zhu
- Department of Surgery, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Haichang Li
- Department of Surgery, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Yu Han
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing Institute of Cardiology, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Ken Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing Institute of Cardiology, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Zhen Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing Institute of Cardiology, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Jing Zeng
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing Institute of Cardiology, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Yukai Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing Institute of Cardiology, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Xinquan Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing Institute of Cardiology, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Yu Li
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing Institute of Cardiology, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Duofen He
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing Institute of Cardiology, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Peihui Lin
- Department of Surgery, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Xinyu Zhou
- Department of Surgery, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Ki Ho Park
- Department of Surgery, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Zehua Bian
- Department of Surgery, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Zhishui Chen
- Institute of Organ Transplantation, Huazhong University of Science and Technology - Tongji Medical College, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Nianqiao Gong
- Institute of Organ Transplantation, Huazhong University of Science and Technology - Tongji Medical College, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Tao Tan
- Department of Surgery, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Jingsong Zhou
- Department of Physiology, Kansas City University of Medicine & Bioscience, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - Meng Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Jianjie Ma
- Department of Surgery, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Chunyu Zeng
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing Institute of Cardiology, Chongqing, P.R. China
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Fan LF, He PY, Peng YC, Du QH, Ma YJ, Jin JX, Xu HZ, Li JR, Wang ZJ, Cao SL, Li T, Yan F, Gu C, Wang L, Chen G. Mdivi-1 ameliorates early brain injury after subarachnoid hemorrhage via the suppression of inflammation-related blood-brain barrier disruption and endoplasmic reticulum stress-based apoptosis. Free Radic Biol Med 2017; 112:336-349. [PMID: 28790012 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2017.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2017] [Revised: 08/02/2017] [Accepted: 08/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Aberrant modulation of mitochondrial dynamic network, which shifts the balance of fusion and fission towards fission, is involved in brain damage of various neurodegenerative diseases including Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease and Alzheimer's disease. A recent research has shown that the inhibition of mitochondrial fission alleviates early brain injury after experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage, however, the underlying molecular mechanisms have remained to be elucidated. This study was undertaken to characterize the effects of the inhibition of dynamin-related protein-1 (Drp1, a dominator of mitochondrial fission) on blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption and neuronal apoptosis following SAH and the potential mechanisms. The endovascular perforation model of SAH was performed in adult male Sprague Dawley rats. The results indicated Mdivi-1(a selective Drp1 inhibitor) reversed the morphologic changes of mitochondria and Drp1 translocation, reduced ROS levels, ameliorated the BBB disruption and brain edema remarkably, decreased the expression of MMP-9 and prevented degradation of tight junction proteins-occludin, claudin-5 and ZO-1. Mdivi-1 administration also inhibited the nuclear translocation of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), leading to decreased expressions of TNF-ɑ, IL-6 and IL-1ß. Moreover, Mdivi-1 treatment attenuated neuronal cell death and improved neurological outcome. To investigate the underlying mechanisms further, we determined that Mdivi-1 reduced p-PERK, p-eIF2α, CHOP, cleaved caspase-3 and Bax expression as well as increased Bcl-2 expression. Rotenone (a selective inhibitor of mitochondrial complexes I) abolished both the anti-BBB disruption and anti-apoptosis effects of Mdivi-1. In conclusion, these data implied that excessive mitochondrial fission might inhibit mitochondrial complex I to become a cause of oxidative stress in SAH, and the inhibition of Drp1 by Mdivi-1 attenuated early brain injury after SAH probably via the suppression of inflammation-related blood-brain barrier disruption and endoplasmic reticulum stress-based apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin-Feng Fan
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ping-You He
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yu-Cong Peng
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qing-Hua Du
- Zhejiang University School of Medicine, China
| | - Yi-Jun Ma
- Zhejiang University School of Medicine, China
| | | | - Hang-Zhe Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jian-Ru Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhi-Jiang Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, China
| | - Sheng-Long Cao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, China
| | - Tao Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, China
| | - Feng Yan
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chi Gu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lin Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, China
| | - Gao Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, China.
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Jia N, Sun Q, Su Q, Dang S, Chen G. Taurine promotes cognitive function in prenatally stressed juvenile rats via activating the Akt-CREB-PGC1α pathway. Redox Biol 2016; 10:179-190. [PMID: 27768969 PMCID: PMC5072153 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2016.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2016] [Revised: 10/08/2016] [Accepted: 10/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Substantial evidence has shown that the oxidative damage to hippocampal neurons is associated with the cognitive impairment induced by adverse stimuli during gestation named prenatal stress (PS). Taurine, a conditionally essential amino acid, possesses multiple roles in the brain as a neuromodulator or antioxidant. In this study, to explore the roles of taurine in PS-induced learning and memory impairment, prenatal restraint stress was set up and Morris water maze (MWM) was employed for testing the cognitive function in the one-month-old rat offspring. The mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) level,mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), ATP and cytochrome c oxidase (CcO) activity and apoptosis-related proteins in the hippocampus were detected. The activity of the Akt-cyclic AMP response element-binding protein (CREB)-peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor–γ coactivator-1α (PGC1α) pathway in the hippocampus was measured. The results showed that high dosage of taurine administration in the early postnatal period attenuated impairment of spatial learning and memory induced by PS. Meanwhile, taurine administration diminished the increase in mitochondrial ROS, and recovered the reduction of MMP, ATP level and the activities of CcO, superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2) and catalase induced by PS in the hippocampus. In addition, taurine administration recovered PS-suppressed SOD2 expression level. Taurine administration blocked PS-induced decrease in the ratio of Bcl-2/Bax and increase in the ratio of cleaved caspase-3/full-length caspase-3. Notably, taurine inhibited PS-decreased phosphorylation of Akt (pAkt) and phosphorylation of CREB (pCREB), which consequently enhanced the mRNA and protein levels of PGC1α. Taken together, these results suggest that high dosage of taurine administration during the early postnatal period can significantly improve the cognitive function in prenatally stressed juvenile rats via activating the Akt-CREB-PGC1α pathway. Therefore, taurine has therapeutic potential for prenatal stressed offspring rats in future. Taurine attenuates prenatal stress (PS)-induced cognitive impairment. Taurine reduces PS-induced neuronal apoptosis and mitochondrial dysfunction. Taurine maintains the activities of SOD2 and catalase to repress ROS. Taurine activates PS-suppressed Akt-CREB-PGC1α pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Jia
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, PR China.
| | - Qinru Sun
- Institute of Forensic Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, PR China.
| | - Qian Su
- Division of Neonatology, First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, PR China
| | - Shaokang Dang
- Division of Neonatology, First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, PR China
| | - Guomin Chen
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, PR China
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35
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Zhang Y, Li D, Li H, Hou D, Hou J. Taurine Pretreatment Prevents Isoflurane-Induced Cognitive Impairment by Inhibiting ER Stress-Mediated Activation of Apoptosis Pathways in the Hippocampus in Aged Rats. Neurochem Res 2016; 41:2517-2525. [DOI: 10.1007/s11064-016-1963-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2016] [Revised: 05/01/2016] [Accepted: 05/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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36
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Ginguay A, De Bandt JP, Cynober L. Indications and contraindications for infusing specific amino acids (leucine, glutamine, arginine, citrulline, and taurine) in critical illness. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care 2016; 19:161-9. [PMID: 26828584 DOI: 10.1097/mco.0000000000000255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The review assesses the utility of supplementing parenteral or enteral nutrition of ICU patients with each of five specific amino acids that display pharmacological properties. Specifying indications implies also stating contraindications.Combined supplementation of amino acids with ω3-fatty acids and/or trace elements (immune-enhancing diets) will not be considered in this review because these mixtures do not allow the role of amino acids in the effect (positive or negative) of the mixture to be isolated, and so cannot show whether or not supplementation of a given amino acid is indicated. RECENT FINDINGS After decades of unbridled use of glutamine (GLN) supplementation in critically ill patients, recent large trials have brought a note of caution, indicating for example that GLN should not be used in patients with multiple organ failure. Yet these large trials do not change the conclusions of recent meta-analyses. Arginine (ARG), as a single dietary supplement, is probably not harmful in critical illness, in particular in a situation of ARG deficiency syndrome with low nitric oxide production. Citrulline supplementation strongly improves microcirculation in animal models with gut injury, but clinical studies are lacking. Taurine has a potent protective effect against ischemic reperfusion injury. SUMMARY Amino acid-based pharmaconutrition has displayed familiar 'big project' stages: enthusiasm (citrulline and taurine), doubt (GLN), hunt for the guilty (ARG), and backpedalling (leucine). Progress in this field is very slow, and sometimes gives way to retreat, as demonstrated by recent large trials on GLN supplementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonin Ginguay
- aService de Biochimie Générale et Spécialisée, Hôpitaux Cochin et Hôtel-Dieu, Groupement Hospitalier Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris-Centre (GH HUPC), AP-HP bLaboratoire de Biologie de la Nutrition, EA 4466 PRETRAM, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
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Yan F, Cao S, Li J, Dixon B, Yu X, Chen J, Gu C, Lin W, Chen G. Pharmacological Inhibition of PERK Attenuates Early Brain Injury After Subarachnoid Hemorrhage in Rats Through the Activation of Akt. Mol Neurobiol 2016; 54:1808-1817. [DOI: 10.1007/s12035-016-9790-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2015] [Accepted: 02/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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