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Chiang HL, Wu CS, Chen CL, Tseng WYI, Gau SSF. Machine-learning-based feature selection to identify attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder using whole-brain white matter microstructure: A longitudinal study. Asian J Psychiatr 2024; 97:104087. [PMID: 38820852 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2024.104087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We aimed to identify important features of white matter microstructures collectively distinguishing individuals with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) from those without ADHD using a machine-learning approach. METHODS Fifty-one ADHD patients and 60 typically developing controls (TDC) underwent diffusion spectrum imaging at two time points. We evaluated three models to classify ADHD and TDC using various machine-learning algorithms. Model 1 employed baseline white matter features of 45 white matter tracts at Time 1; Model 2 incorporated features from both time points; and Model 3 (main analysis) further included the relative rate of change per year of white matter tracts. RESULTS The random forest algorithm demonstrated the best performance for classification. Model 1 achieved an area-under-the-curve (AUC) of 0.67. Model 3, incorporating Time 2 variables and relative rate of change per year, improved the performance (AUC = 0.73). In addition to identifying several white matter features at two time points, we found that the relative rate of change per year in the superior longitudinal fasciculus, frontal aslant tract, stria terminalis, inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus, thalamic and striatal tracts, and other tracts involving sensorimotor regions are important features of ADHD. A higher relative change rate in certain tracts was associated with greater improvement in visual attention, spatial short-term memory, and spatial working memory. CONCLUSIONS Our findings support the significant diagnostic value of white matter microstructure and the developmental change rates of specific tracts, reflecting deviations from typical development trajectories, in identifying ADHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huey-Ling Chiang
- Department of Psychiatry, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan; Department of Psychiatry, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Shin Wu
- National Center for Geriatrics and Welfare Research, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan
| | - Chang-Le Chen
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Wen-Yih Isaac Tseng
- Institute of Medical Device and Imaging, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Susan Shur-Fen Gau
- Department of Psychiatry, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine and Graduate Institute of Brain and Mind Sciences, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Lin L, Chen Y, Dai Y, Yan Z, Zou M, Zhou Q, Qian L, Cui W, Liu M, Zhang H, Yang Z, Su S. Quantification of myelination in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: a comparative assessment with synthetic MRI and DTI. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2024; 33:1935-1944. [PMID: 37712949 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-023-02297-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
Evaluation of myelin content is crucial for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). To estimate myelin content in ADHD based on synthetic MRI-based method and compare it with established diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) method. Fifth-nine ADHD and fifty typically developing (TD) children were recruited. Global and regional myelin content (myelin volume fraction [MVF] and myelin volume [MYV]) were assessed using SyMRI and compared with DTI metrics (fractional anisotropy and mean/radial/axial diffusivity). The relationship between significant MRI parameters and clinical variables were assessed in ADHD. No between-group differences of whole-brain myelin content were found. Compared to TDs, ADHD showed higher mean MVF in bilateral internal capsule, external capsule, corona radiata, and corpus callosum, as well as in left tapetum, left superior fronto-occipital fascicular, and right cingulum (all PFDR-corrected < 0.05). Increased MYV were found in similar regions. Abnormalities of DTI metrics were mainly in bilateral corticospinal tract. Besides, MVF in right retro lenticular part of internal capsule was negatively correlated with cancellation test scores (r = - 0.41, P = 0.002), and MYV in right posterior limb of internal capsule (r = 0.377, P = 0.040) and left superior corona radiata (r = 0.375, P = 0.041) were positively correlated with cancellation test scores in ADHD. Increased myelin content underscored the important pathway of frontostriatal tract, posterior thalamic radiation, and corpus callosum underlying ADHD, which reinforced the insights into myelin quantification and its potential role in pathophysiological mechanism and disease diagnosis. Prospectively registered trials number: ChiCTR2100048109; date: 2021-07.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Lin
- Department of Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yingqian Chen
- Department of Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yan Dai
- Department of Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zi Yan
- Department of Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mengsha Zou
- Department of Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qin Zhou
- Department of Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Long Qian
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Cui
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Meina Liu
- Department of Pediatric, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hongyu Zhang
- Department of Pediatric, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhiyun Yang
- Department of Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Shu Su
- Department of Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.
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Wang LJ, Li SC, Chou WJ, Kuo HC, Lee SY, Lin WC. Human transcriptome array analysis and diffusion tensor imaging in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. J Psychiatr Res 2024; 172:229-235. [PMID: 38412785 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.02.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
The mRNA markers identified using microarray assay and diffusion tensor magnetic resonance imaging (DTI) were applied to elucidate the pathophysiology of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). First, we obtained total RNA from leukocytes from three children with ADHD and three healthy controls for analysis with microarray assays. Subsequently, we applied real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT‒PCR) assays to validate the differential expression of 7 genes (COX7B, CYCS, TFAM, UTP14A, ZNF280C, IFT57 and NDUFB5) between 130 ADHD patients and 70 controls, and we built an ADHD prediction model based on the ΔCt values of aforementioned seven genes (AUROC = 0.98). Finally, in a validation group (28 patients with ADHD and 27 healthy controls), mRNA expression of the above seven genes also significantly differentiated ADHD patients from controls (AUROC value = 0.91). The DTI analysis showed increased fractional anisotropy (FA) of the forceps minor, superior corona radiata, posterior corona radiata and anterior corona radiata in ADHD patients. Moreover, the FA of the right superior corona radiata tract was positively correlated with ΔCt levels of the COX7B gene and the IFT57 gene. The results shed a new light on a genetic profile of ADHD that may help in deciphering the white matter microstructural features in disease pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang-Jen Wang
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Sung-Chou Li
- Department of Medical Education and Research, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, 813414, Taiwan; Department of Dental Technology, Shu-Zen Junior College of Medicine and Management, Kaohsiung, 821004, Taiwan.
| | - Wen-Jiun Chou
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ho-Chang Kuo
- Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Kawasaki Disease Center, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Yu Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, Graduate Institute of Medicine, School of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Che Lin
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taiwan.
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Hovi M, Roine U, Autti T, Heiskala H, Roine T, Kirjavainen T. Microstructural White Matter Abnormalities in Children and Adolescents With Narcolepsy Type 1. Pediatr Neurol 2024; 153:56-64. [PMID: 38320459 DOI: 10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2024.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In 2010, the H1N1 Pandemrix vaccination campaign was followed by a sudden increase in narcolepsy type 1 (NT1). We investigated the brain white matter microstructure in children with onset of NT1 within two years after the Pandemrix vaccination. METHODS We performed diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) on 19 children and adolescents with NT1 and 19 healthy controls. Imaging was performed at a median of 4 years after the diagnosis at a median age of 16 years. For the MRI, we used whole-brain tractography and tract-based spatial statistics (TBSS). We compared these results with medical records and questionnaire data. RESULTS Narcoleptic children showed a global decrease in mean, axial, and radial diffusivity and an increase in planarity coefficient in the white matter TBSS skeleton and tractography. These differences were widespread, and there was an increased asymmetry of the mean diffusivity in children with NT1. The global microstructural metrics were reflected in behavior, and especially the axial diffusion levels correlated with anxiety and depression symptoms and social and behavioral problems. CONCLUSIONS In pediatric patients with Pandemrix-associated NT1, several global changes in the brain white matter network skeleton were observed within five years after the onset of NT1. The degree of changes correlates with behavioral problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marita Hovi
- Children's Hospital, and Pediatric Research Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland; Department of Pediatric Neurology, Children's Hospital, University of Helsinki and Helsinki, University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ulrika Roine
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Children's Hospital, University of Helsinki and Helsinki, University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland; HUS Medical Imaging Center, Radiology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Taina Autti
- HUS Medical Imaging Center, Radiology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Hannu Heiskala
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Children's Hospital, University of Helsinki and Helsinki, University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Timo Roine
- HUS Medical Imaging Center, Radiology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland; Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering, Aalto University School of Science, Espoo, Finland; Turku Brain and Mind Center, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Turkka Kirjavainen
- Children's Hospital, and Pediatric Research Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.
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McKay CC, Scheinberg B, Xu EP, Kircanski K, Pine DS, Brotman MA, Leibenluft E, Linke JO. Modeling Shared and Specific Variances of Irritability, Inattention, and Hyperactivity Yields Novel Insights Into White Matter Perturbations. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2024:S0890-8567(24)00108-4. [PMID: 38452811 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaac.2024.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Irritability, inattention, and hyperactivity, which are common presentations of childhood psychopathology, have been associated with perturbed white matter microstructure. However, similar tracts have been implicated across these phenotypes; such non-specificity could be rooted in their high co-occurrence. To address this problem, we use a bifactor approach parsing unique and shared components of irritability, inattention, and hyperactivity, which we then relate to white matter microstructure. METHOD We developed a bifactor model based on the Conners Comprehensive Behavioral Rating Scale in a sample of youth with no psychiatric diagnosis or a primary diagnosis of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder or disruptive mood dysregulation disorder (n = 521). We applied the model to an independent yet sociodemographically and clinically comparable sample (n = 152), in which we tested associations between latent variables and fractional anisotropy (FA). RESULTS The bifactor model fit well (comparative fit index = 0.99; root mean square error of approximation = 0.07). The shared factor was positively associated with an independent measure of impulsivity (ρS = 0.88, pFDR < .001) and negatively related to whole-brain FA (r = -0.20), as well as FA of the corticospinal tract (all pFWE < .05). FA increased with age and deviation from this curve, indicating that altered white matter maturation was associated with the hyperactivity-specific factor (r = -0.16, pFWE < .05). Inattention-specific and irritability-specific factors were not linked to FA. CONCLUSION Perturbed white matter microstructure may represent a shared neurobiological mechanism of irritability, inattention, and hyperactivity related to heightened impulsivity. Furthermore, hyperactivity might be uniquely associated with a delay in white matter maturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cameron C McKay
- Emotion and Development Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Brooke Scheinberg
- Emotion and Development Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Ellie P Xu
- Emotion and Development Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Katharina Kircanski
- Emotion and Development Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Daniel S Pine
- Emotion and Development Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Melissa A Brotman
- Emotion and Development Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Ellen Leibenluft
- Emotion and Development Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
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Zhang Q, Zhang H, Xu Q. Association of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease with Risk of Psychiatric Disorders: A Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Study. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2024; 19:343-351. [PMID: 38317665 PMCID: PMC10840522 DOI: 10.2147/copd.s442725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a prevalent respiratory disorder often accompanied by comorbidities. Although the past few years have witnessed significant scientific progress, the potential relationship between COPD and mental illness remains a subject of debate. Materials and Methods We retrieved COPD data from the genome-wide association studies (GWAS) directory and data on mental illnesses, including Alzheimer's disease, schizophrenia, panic disorder, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), bipolar disorder, major depressive disorder, multiple disabilities, obsessive-compulsive disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder, and schizophrenia, from the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium. A two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) approach was applied to explore the association between COPD and mental illnesses, with subgroup analyses based on smoking history. Results Our two-sample MR analysis revealed no causal link between overall COPD and the development of common psychiatric disorders. Subgroup analyses based on smoking history showed no causal association between never-smokers with COPD and the occurrence of psychiatric disorders. However, ever-smokers with COPD were associated with a significantly increased risk of ADHD (OR: 2.303, 95% CI: 1.558-3.403, P = 0.001) and a modestly reduced risk of Alzheimer's disease (OR: 0.994, 95% CI: 0.988-0.999, P = 0.034). Conclusion COPD patients with a history of smoking face a higher risk of developing ADHD but may experience a slight reduction in the risk of Alzheimer's disease. Conversely, there was no observed causal association between COPD and psychiatric disorders among patients who never smoked.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinxia Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First People’s Hospital of Fuyang, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311400, People’s Republic of China
| | - Haifu Zhang
- Department of Medicine, The First People’s Hospital of Fuyang, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311400, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qinxing Xu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First People’s Hospital of Fuyang, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311400, People’s Republic of China
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Tolonen T, Roine T, Alho K, Leppämäki S, Tani P, Koski A, Laine M, Salmi J. Abnormal wiring of the structural connectome in adults with ADHD. Netw Neurosci 2023; 7:1302-1325. [PMID: 38144696 PMCID: PMC10631790 DOI: 10.1162/netn_a_00326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Current knowledge of white matter changes in large-scale brain networks in adult attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is scarce. We collected diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging data in 40 adults with ADHD and 36 neurotypical controls and used constrained spherical deconvolution-based tractography to reconstruct whole-brain structural connectivity networks. We used network-based statistic (NBS) and graph theoretical analysis to investigate differences in these networks between the ADHD and control groups, as well as associations between structural connectivity and ADHD symptoms assessed with the Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale or performance in the Conners Continuous Performance Test 2 (CPT-2). NBS revealed decreased connectivity in the ADHD group compared to the neurotypical controls in widespread unilateral networks, which included subcortical and corticocortical structures and encompassed dorsal and ventral attention networks and visual and somatomotor systems. Furthermore, hypoconnectivity in a predominantly left-frontal network was associated with higher amount of commission errors in CPT-2. Graph theoretical analysis did not reveal topological differences between the groups or associations between topological properties and ADHD symptoms or task performance. Our results suggest that abnormal structural wiring of the brain in adult ADHD is manifested as widespread intrahemispheric hypoconnectivity in networks previously associated with ADHD in functional neuroimaging studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuija Tolonen
- Department of Psychology and Logopedics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Timo Roine
- Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland
- Turku Brain and Mind Center, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Kimmo Alho
- Department of Psychology and Logopedics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- AMI Centre, Aalto Neuroimaging, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland
| | | | - Pekka Tani
- Department of Psychiatry, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Anniina Koski
- Department of Psychiatry, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Matti Laine
- Turku Brain and Mind Center, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Department of Psychology, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - Juha Salmi
- Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland
- AMI Centre, Aalto Neuroimaging, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland
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Wu Z, Yu W, Song Y, Zhao P. General anaesthesia, the developing brain, and cerebral white matter alterations: a narrative review. Br J Anaesth 2023; 131:1022-1029. [PMID: 37833128 DOI: 10.1016/j.bja.2023.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The potential neurotoxic impact of anaesthetic agents has been the subject of sustained debate and continuing research. White matter, which comprises more than half of the brain volume and largely consists of myelinated axonal bundles, is critical for communication between diverse brain regions and for supporting neurobehavioural function. Evidence points to a correlation between exposure to anaesthesia and white matter alterations, which might underpin the ensuing cognitive and behavioural abnormalities. This review summarises the neuropathological and neuroimaging findings related to anaesthesia-induced white matter alterations in the developing brain. Future research is required to understand the effects of anaesthesia exposure on white matter development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyi Wu
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Weiwei Yu
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yanhong Song
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Ping Zhao
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
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Björnholm L, Orell O, Kerkelä M, Honka U, Laasonen S, Riekki T, Surcel HM, Suvanto E, Veijola J. Maternal Thyroid Function During Pregnancy and Offspring White Matter Microstructure in Early Adulthood: A Prospective Birth Cohort Study. Thyroid 2023; 33:1245-1254. [PMID: 37498774 PMCID: PMC10611975 DOI: 10.1089/thy.2022.0699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Background: The fetus is fully dependent on maternal thyroid hormones until mid-gestation and suboptimal maternal thyroid function has been associated with alterations in the neurodevelopment of the offspring. We used maternal free thyroxine (fT4) and thyrotropin (TSH) levels in early gestation to study the association of maternal thyroid function during early pregnancy and offspring brain white matter (WM) integrity in early adulthood. Methods: Our study population consisted of a total of 292 mother-child pairs. Maternal fT4 and TSH were used as predictors and offspring multimodal imaging measures of fractional anisotropy, mean diffusivity, and magnetization transfer ratio (FA, MD, and MTR) as dependent variables. First, as Global analysis, all analyzed 14 WM tracts were studied simultaneously using linear-mixed effect models. Second, if a global effect was detected, a post hoc Tract-wise analysis was carried out using linear models individually in each WM tract. Study population was stratified by sex. Results: We found a positive association between maternal fT4 and offspring Global FA in males when adjusted for all maternal and offspring covariates (n = 114; β = 0.154; confidence interval = 0.045-0.263; p = 0.006). The finding was observed to be driven by multiple WM tracts, of which three projection fiber tracts and the forceps minor survived correcting for multiple comparisons in Tract-wise analysis. Conclusions: Maternal thyroid function in early pregnancy was observed to be associated with WM microstructure in male offspring in early adulthood. Our results suggest that maternal fT4 levels in early pregnancy may modulate axonal characteristics, with a long-term effect on offspring WM development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lassi Björnholm
- Research Unit of Clinical Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Department of Psychiatry, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
- Medical Research Centre Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Olavi Orell
- Research Unit of Clinical Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Martta Kerkelä
- Research Unit of Clinical Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Ulriika Honka
- Research Unit of Health Sciences and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Sini Laasonen
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Tiina Riekki
- Research Unit of Clinical Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Department of Psychiatry, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
- Medical Research Centre Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | | | - Eila Suvanto
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Oulu University Hospital and MRC Oulu University, Oulu, Finland
| | - Juha Veijola
- Research Unit of Clinical Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Department of Psychiatry, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
- Medical Research Centre Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
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Campbell ML, Dalvie S, Shadrin A, van der Meer D, O'Connell K, Frei O, Andreassen OA, Stein DJ, Rokicki J. Distributed genetic effects of the corpus callosum subregions suggest links to neuropsychiatric disorders and related traits. Acta Neuropsychiatr 2023:1-8. [PMID: 37612147 PMCID: PMC10891296 DOI: 10.1017/neu.2023.32] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The corpus callosum (CC) is a brain structure with a high heritability and potential role in psychiatric disorders. However, the genetic architecture of the CC and the genetic link with psychiatric disorders remain largely unclear. We investigated the genetic architectures of the volume of the CC and its subregions and the genetic overlap with psychiatric disorders. METHODS We applied multivariate genome-wide association study (GWAS) to genetic and T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data of 40,894 individuals from the UK Biobank, aiming to boost genetic discovery and to assess the pleiotropic effects across volumes of the five subregions of the CC (posterior, mid-posterior, central, mid-anterior and anterior) obtained by FreeSurfer 7.1. Multivariate GWAS was run combining all subregions, co-varying for relevant variables. Gene-set enrichment analyses were performed using MAGMA. Linkage disequilibrium score regression (LDSC) was used to determine Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)-based heritability of total CC volume and volumes of its subregions as well as their genetic correlations with relevant psychiatric traits. RESULTS We identified 70 independent loci with distributed effects across the five subregions of the CC (p < 5 × 10-8). Additionally, we identified 33 significant loci in the anterior subregion, 23 in the mid-anterior, 29 in the central, 7 in the mid-posterior and 56 in the posterior subregion. Gene-set analysis revealed 156 significant genes contributing to volume of the CC subregions (p < 2.6 × 10-6). LDSC estimated the heritability of CC to (h2SNP = 0.38, SE = 0.03) and subregions ranging from 0.22 (SE = 0.02) to 0.37 (SE = 0.03). We found significant genetic correlations of total CC volume with bipolar disorder (BD, rg = -0.09, SE = 0.03; p = 5.9 × 10-3) and drinks consumed per week (rg = -0.09, SE = 0.02; p = 4.8 × 10-4), and volume of the mid-anterior subregion with BD (rg = -0.12, SE = 0.02; p = 2.5 × 10-4), major depressive disorder (MDD) (rg = -0.12, SE = 0.04; p = 3.6 × 10-3), drinks consumed per week (rg = -0.13, SE = 0.04; p = 1.8 × 10-3) and cannabis use (rg = -0.09, SE = 0.03; p = 8.4 × 10-3). CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrate that the CC has a polygenic architecture implicating multiple genes and show that CC subregion volumes are heritable. We found that distinct genetic factors are involved in the development of anterior and posterior subregions, consistent with their divergent functional specialisation. Significant genetic correlation between volumes of the CC and BD, drinks per week, MDD and cannabis consumption subregion volumes with psychiatric traits is noteworthy and deserving of further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan L Campbell
- Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- Global Initiative for Neuropsychiatric Genetics Education in Research (GINGER), Harvard, T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Shareefa Dalvie
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Pathology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Alexey Shadrin
- NORMENT Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, University of Oslo, and Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Dennis van der Meer
- NORMENT Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, University of Oslo, and Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- School of Mental Health and Neuroscience, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Kevin O'Connell
- NORMENT Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, University of Oslo, and Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Oleksander Frei
- NORMENT Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, University of Oslo, and Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ole A Andreassen
- NORMENT Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, University of Oslo, and Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Dan J Stein
- Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Jaroslav Rokicki
- NORMENT Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, University of Oslo, and Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Centre of Research and Education in Forensic Psychiatry (SIFER), Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
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11
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Hu R, Tan F, Chen W, Wu Y, Jiang Y, Du W, Zuo Y, Gao B, Song Q, Miao Y. Microstructure abnormalities of the diffusion quantities in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: an AFQ and TBSS study. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1237113. [PMID: 37674550 PMCID: PMC10477457 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1237113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To explore the specific alterations of white matter microstructure in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) by automated fiber quantification (AFQ) and tract-based spatial statistics (TBSS), and to analyze the correlation between white matter abnormality and impairment of executive function. Methods In this prospective study, a total of twenty-seven patients diagnosed with ADHD (20 males, 7 females; mean age of 8.89 ± 1.67 years) and twenty-two healthy control (HC) individuals (11 males, 11 females, mean age of 9.82 ± 2.13 years) were included. All participants were scanned with diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI) and assessed for executive functions. AFQ and TBSS analysis methods were used to investigate the white matter fiber impairment of ADHD patients, respectively. Axial diffusivity (AD), radial diffusivity (RD), mean diffusivity (MD) and fractional anisotropy (FA) of 17 fiber properties were calculated using the AFQ. The mean kurtosis (MK), axial kurtosis (AK), radial kurtosis (RK), mean diffusivity (MDDKI), axial diffusivity (ADDKI), radial diffusivity (RDDKI) and fractional anisotropy (FADKI) of DKI and AD, RD, MD, and FA of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) assessed the integrity of the white matter based on TBSS. Partial correlation analyses were conducted to evaluate the correlation between white matter abnormalities and clinical test scores in ADHD while taking age, gender, and education years into account. The analyses were all family-wise error rate (FWE) corrected. Results ADHD patients performed worse on the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function (BRIEF) test (p < 0.05). Minor variances existed in gender and age between ADHD and HC, but these variances did not yield statistically significant distinctions. There were no significant differences in TBSS for DKI and DTI parameters (p > 0.05, TFCE-corrected). Compared to HC volunteers, the mean AD value of right cingulum bundle (CB_R) fiber tract showed a significantly higher level in ADHD patients following the correction of FWE. As a result of the point-wise comparison between groups, significant alterations (FWE correction, p < 0.05) were mainly located in AD (nodes 36-38, nodes 83-97) and MD (nodes 92-95) of CB_R. There was no significant correlation between white matter diffusion parameters and clinical test scores in ADHD while taking age, gender, and education years into account. Conclusion The AFQ method can detect ADHD white matter abnormalities in a specific location with greater sensitivity, and the CB_R played a critical role. Our findings may be helpful in further studying the relationship between focal white matter abnormalities and ADHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Hu
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
- Department of Radiology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China
| | - Fan Tan
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China
| | - Wen Chen
- Department of Radiology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China
| | - Yong Wu
- Department of Paediatrics, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China
| | - Yuhan Jiang
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Wei Du
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Yuchen Zuo
- Department of Paediatrics, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China
| | - Bingbing Gao
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Qingwei Song
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Yanwei Miao
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
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12
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Mash LE, Kahalley LS, Raghubar KP, Goodrich-Hunsaker NJ, Abildskov TJ, De Leon LA, MacLeod M, Stancel H, Parsons K, Biekman B, Desai NK, Grosshans DR, Paulino AC, Chu ZD, Whitehead WE, Okcu MF, Chintagumpala M, Wilde EA. Cognitive Sparing in Proton versus Photon Radiotherapy for Pediatric Brain Tumor Is Associated with White Matter Integrity: An Exploratory Study. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15061844. [PMID: 36980730 PMCID: PMC10047305 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15061844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Radiotherapy for pediatric brain tumors is associated with reduced white matter structural integrity and neurocognitive decline. Superior cognitive outcomes have been reported following proton radiotherapy (PRT) compared to photon radiotherapy (XRT), presumably due to improved sparing of normal brain tissue. This exploratory study examined the relationship between white matter change and late cognitive effects in pediatric brain tumor survivors treated with XRT versus PRT. Pediatric brain tumor survivors treated with XRT (n = 10) or PRT (n = 12) underwent neuropsychological testing and diffusion weighted imaging >7 years post-radiotherapy. A healthy comparison group (n = 23) was also recruited. Participants completed age-appropriate measures of intellectual functioning, visual-motor integration, and motor coordination. Tractography was conducted using automated fiber quantification (AFQ). Fractional anisotropy (FA), axial diffusivity (AD), and radial diffusivity (RD) were extracted from 12 tracts of interest. Overall, both white matter integrity (FA) and neuropsychological performance were lower in XRT patients while PRT patients were similar to healthy control participants with respect to both FA and cognitive functioning. These findings support improved long-term outcomes in PRT versus XRT. This exploratory study is the first to directly support for white matter integrity as a mechanism of cognitive sparing in PRT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa E Mash
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Psychology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Psychology Service, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Lisa S Kahalley
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Psychology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Texas Children's Cancer and Hematology Centers, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Kimberly P Raghubar
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Psychology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Psychology Service, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | | | - Tracy J Abildskov
- Department of Neurology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA
| | - Luz A De Leon
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Psychology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Psychology Service, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Marianne MacLeod
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Psychology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Psychology Service, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Heather Stancel
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Psychology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Psychology Service, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Kelley Parsons
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Psychology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Psychology Service, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Brian Biekman
- Department of Psychology, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA
| | - Nilesh K Desai
- Department of Radiology, Division of Neuroradiology, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Department of Radiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - David R Grosshans
- Division of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Arnold C Paulino
- Division of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Zili D Chu
- Department of Radiology, Division of Neuroradiology, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Department of Radiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - William E Whitehead
- Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Mehmet Fatih Okcu
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology Oncology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Murali Chintagumpala
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology Oncology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Elisabeth A Wilde
- Department of Neurology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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13
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Zlomuzica A, Plank L, Kodzaga I, Dere E. A fatal alliance: Glial connexins, myelin pathology and mental disorders. J Psychiatr Res 2023; 159:97-115. [PMID: 36701970 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2023.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Mature oligodendrocytes are myelin forming glial cells which are responsible for myelination of neuronal axons in the white matter of the central nervous system. Myelin pathology is a major feature of severe neurological disorders. Oligodendrocyte-specific gene mutations and/or white matter alterations have also been addressed in a variety of mental disorders. Breakdown of myelin integrity and demyelination is associated with severe symptoms, including impairments in motor coordination, breathing, dysarthria, perception (vision and hearing), and cognition. Furthermore, there is evidence indicating that myelin sheath defects and white matter pathology contributes to the affective and cognitive symptoms of patients with mental disorders. Oligodendrocytes express the connexins GJC2; mCx47 [human (GJC2) and mouse (mCx47) connexin gene nomenclature according to Söhl and Willecke (2003)], GJB1; mCx32, and GJD1; mCx29 in both white and gray matter. Preclinical findings indicate that alterations in connexin expression in oligodendrocytes and astrocytes can induce myelin defects. GJC2; mCx47 is expressed at early embryonic stages in oligodendrocyte precursors cells which precedes central nervous system myelination. In adult humans and animals GJC2, respectively mCx47 expression is essential for oligodendrocyte function and ensures adequate myelination as well as myelin maintenance in the central nervous system. In the past decade, evidence has accumulated suggesting that mental disorders can be accompanied by changes in connexin expression, myelin sheath defects and corresponding white matter alterations. This dual pathology could compromise inter-neuronal information transfer, processing and communication and eventually contribute to behavioral, sensory-motor, affective and cognitive symptoms in patients with mental disorders. The induction of myelin repair and remyelination in the central nervous system of patients with mental disorders could help to restore normal neuronal information propagation and ameliorate behavioral and cognitive symptoms in individuals with mental disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Armin Zlomuzica
- Department of Behavioral and Clinical Neuroscience, Ruhr-University Bochum (RUB), Massenbergstraße 9-13, D-44787, Bochum, Germany.
| | - Laurin Plank
- Department of Behavioral and Clinical Neuroscience, Ruhr-University Bochum (RUB), Massenbergstraße 9-13, D-44787, Bochum, Germany
| | - Iris Kodzaga
- Department of Behavioral and Clinical Neuroscience, Ruhr-University Bochum (RUB), Massenbergstraße 9-13, D-44787, Bochum, Germany
| | - Ekrem Dere
- Department of Behavioral and Clinical Neuroscience, Ruhr-University Bochum (RUB), Massenbergstraße 9-13, D-44787, Bochum, Germany; Sorbonne Université, UFR des Sciences de la Vie, 9 quai Saint Bernard, F-75005, Paris, France.
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14
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Chiang HL, Tseng WYI, Tseng WL, Tung YH, Hsu YC, Chen CL, Gau SSF. Atypical development in white matter microstructures in ADHD: A longitudinal diffusion imaging study. Asian J Psychiatr 2023; 79:103358. [PMID: 36481569 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2022.103358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In cross-sectional studies, alterations in white matter microstructure are evident in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) but not so prominent in adults with ADHD compared to typically-developing controls (TDC). Moreover, the developmental trajectories of white matter microstructures in ADHD are unclear, given the limited longitudinal imaging studies that characterize developmental changes in ADHD vs. TDC. METHODS This longitudinal study acquired diffusion spectrum imaging (DSI) at two time points. The sample included 55 participants with ADHD and 61 TDC. The enrollment/first DSI age ranged from 7 to 18 years, with a five-year mean follow-up time. We examined time-by-diagnosis interaction on the generalized fractional anisotropy (GFA) of 45 white matter tracts, adjusting for confounding factors and correcting for multiple comparisons. We also tested whether the longitudinal changes of microstructures were associated with ADHD symptoms and attention performance in a computerized continuous performance test. RESULTS Participants with ADHD showed more rapid development of GFA in the arcuate fasciculus, superior longitudinal fasciculus, frontal aslant tract, cingulum, inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus (IFOF), frontostriatal tract connecting the prefrontal cortex (FS-PFC), thalamic radiation, corticospinal tract, and corpus callosum. Within participants with ADHD, more rapid GFA increases in cingulum and FS-PFC were associated with slower decreases in inattention symptoms. In addition, in all participants, more rapid GFA increases in cingulum and IFOF were associated with greater improvement in attention performance. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest atypical developmental trajectories of white matter tracts in ADHD, characterized by normalization and possible compensatory neuroplastic processes with age from childhood to early adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huey-Ling Chiang
- Department of Psychiatry, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Psychiatry, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Yih Isaac Tseng
- Institute of Medical Device and Imaging, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Ling Tseng
- Yale Child Study Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Yu-Hung Tung
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Chin Hsu
- Institute of Medical Device and Imaging, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chang-Le Chen
- Institute of Medical Device and Imaging, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Susan Shur-Fen Gau
- Department of Psychiatry, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, and Graduate Institute of Brain and Mind Sciences, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.
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15
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Gagnon A, Descoteaux M, Bocti C, Takser L. Better characterization of attention and hyperactivity/impulsivity in children with ADHD: The key to understanding the underlying white matter microstructure. Psychiatry Res Neuroimaging 2022; 327:111568. [PMID: 36434901 DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2022.111568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The apparent increase in the prevalence of the attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) diagnosis raises many questions regarding the variability of the subjective diagnostic method. This comprehensive review reports findings in studies assessing white matter (WM) bundles in diffusion MRI and symptom severity in children with ADHD. These studies suggested the involvement of the connections between the frontal, parietal, and basal ganglia regions. This review discusses the limitations surrounding diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and suggests novel imaging techniques allowing for a more reliable representation of the underlying biology. We propose a more inclusive approach to studying ADHD that includes known endophenotypes within the ADHD diagnosis. Aligned with the Research Domain Criteria Initiative, we also propose to investigate attentional capabilities and impulsive behaviours outside of the borders of the diagnosis. We support the existing hypothesis that ADHD originates from a developmental error and propose that it could lead to an accumulation in time of abnormalities in WM microstructure and pathways. Finally, state-of-the-art diffusion processing and novel artificial intelligence approaches would be beneficial to fully understand the pathophysiology of ADHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Gagnon
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
| | - Maxime Descoteaux
- Sherbrooke Connectivity Imaging Laboratory (SCIL), University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada; Imeka Solutions Inc, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - Christian Bocti
- Department of Medicine, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada; Research Center on Aging, CIUSSS de l'Estrie-CHUS, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
| | - Larissa Takser
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada.
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16
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Liu L, Chang J, Wang Y, Liang G, Wang YP, Zhang H. Decomposition-Based Correlation Learning for Multi-Modal MRI-Based Classification of Neuropsychiatric Disorders. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:832276. [PMID: 35692429 PMCID: PMC9174798 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.832276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Multi-modal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is widely used for diagnosing brain disease in clinical practice. However, the high-dimensionality of MRI images is challenging when training a convolution neural network. In addition, utilizing multiple MRI modalities jointly is even more challenging. We developed a method using decomposition-based correlation learning (DCL). To overcome the above challenges, we used a strategy to capture the complex relationship between structural MRI and functional MRI data. Under the guidance of matrix decomposition, DCL takes into account the spike magnitude of leading eigenvalues, the number of samples, and the dimensionality of the matrix. A canonical correlation analysis (CCA) was used to analyze the correlation and construct matrices. We evaluated DCL in the classification of multiple neuropsychiatric disorders listed in the Consortium for Neuropsychiatric Phenomics (CNP) dataset. In experiments, our method had a higher accuracy than several existing methods. Moreover, we found interesting feature connections from brain matrices based on DCL that can differentiate disease and normal cases and different subtypes of the disease. Furthermore, we extended experiments on a large sample size dataset and a small sample size dataset, compared with several other well-established methods that were designed for the multi neuropsychiatric disorder classification; our proposed method achieved state-of-the-art performance on all three datasets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangliang Liu
- College of Information and Management Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jing Chang
- College of Information and Management Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ying Wang
- College of Information and Management Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Gongbo Liang
- Department of Computer Science, Eastern Kentucky University, Richmond, KY, United States
| | - Yu-Ping Wang
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Hui Zhang
- College of Information and Management Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Hui Zhang
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17
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Merzon E, Weiss M, Krone B, Cohen S, Ilani G, Vinker S, Cohen-Golan A, Green I, Israel A, Schneider T, Ashkenazi S, Weizman A, Manor I. Clinical and Socio-Demographic Variables Associated with the Diagnosis of Long COVID Syndrome in Youth: A Population-Based Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:5993. [PMID: 35627530 PMCID: PMC9141083 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19105993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
This study examines the demographic, clinical and socioeconomic factors associated with diagnosis of long COVID syndrome (LCS). Data of 20,601 COVID-19-positive children aged 5 to 18 years were collected between 2020 and 2021 in an Israeli database. Logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the adjusted odds ratio for the characteristics of the COVID-19 infection and pre-COVID-19 morbidities. Children with LCS were significantly more likely to have been severely symptomatic, required hospitalization, and experienced recurrent acute infection within 180 days. In addition, children with LCS were significantly more likely to have had ADHD, chronic urticaria, and allergic rhinitis. Diagnosis of LCS is significantly associated with pre-COVID-19 ADHD diagnosis, suggesting clinicians treating ADHD children who become infected with COVID-19 remain vigilant for the possibility of LCS. Although the risk of severe COVID-19 infection and LCS in children is low, further research on possible morbidity related to LCS in children is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugene Merzon
- Leumit Health Services, Tel-Aviv 6473817, Israel; (E.M.); (S.V.); (A.C.-G.); (I.G.); (A.I.)
- Adelson School of Medicine, Ariel University, Ariel 4076414, Israel;
| | | | - Beth Krone
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA;
| | - Shira Cohen
- ADHD Unit, Geha Mental Health Center, Petah Tikva 49100, Israel; (A.W.); (I.M.)
| | - Gili Ilani
- Department of Psychiatry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel;
| | - Shlomo Vinker
- Leumit Health Services, Tel-Aviv 6473817, Israel; (E.M.); (S.V.); (A.C.-G.); (I.G.); (A.I.)
- Department of Family Medicine, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Avivit Cohen-Golan
- Leumit Health Services, Tel-Aviv 6473817, Israel; (E.M.); (S.V.); (A.C.-G.); (I.G.); (A.I.)
- Department of Family Medicine, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Ilan Green
- Leumit Health Services, Tel-Aviv 6473817, Israel; (E.M.); (S.V.); (A.C.-G.); (I.G.); (A.I.)
- Department of Family Medicine, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Ariel Israel
- Leumit Health Services, Tel-Aviv 6473817, Israel; (E.M.); (S.V.); (A.C.-G.); (I.G.); (A.I.)
| | | | - Shai Ashkenazi
- Adelson School of Medicine, Ariel University, Ariel 4076414, Israel;
| | - Abraham Weizman
- ADHD Unit, Geha Mental Health Center, Petah Tikva 49100, Israel; (A.W.); (I.M.)
- Department of Psychiatry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel;
| | - Iris Manor
- ADHD Unit, Geha Mental Health Center, Petah Tikva 49100, Israel; (A.W.); (I.M.)
- Department of Psychiatry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel;
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