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Paolini M, Palladini M, Mazza MG, Colombo F, Vai B, Rovere-Querini P, Falini A, Poletti S, Benedetti F. Brain correlates of subjective cognitive complaints in COVID-19 survivors: A multimodal magnetic resonance imaging study. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 2023; 68:1-10. [PMID: 36640728 PMCID: PMC9742225 DOI: 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2022.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Cognitive impairment represents a leading residual symptom of COVID-19 infection, which lasts for months after the virus clearance. Up-to-date scientific reports documented a wide spectrum of brain changes in COVID-19 survivors following the illness's resolution, mainly related to neurological and neuropsychiatric consequences. Preliminary insights suggest abnormal brain metabolism, microstructure, and functionality as neural under-layer of post-acute cognitive dysfunction. While previous works focused on brain correlates of impaired cognition as objectively assessed, herein we investigated long-term neural correlates of subjective cognitive decline in a sample of 58 COVID-19 survivors with a multimodal imaging approach. Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) analyses revealed widespread white matter disruption in the sub-group of cognitive complainers compared to the non-complainer one, as indexed by increased axial, radial, and mean diffusivity in several commissural, projection and associative fibres. Likewise, the Multivoxel Pattern Connectivity analysis (MVPA) revealed highly discriminant patterns of functional connectivity in resting-state among the two groups in the right frontal pole and in the middle temporal gyrus, suggestive of inefficient dynamic modulation of frontal brain activity and possible metacognitive dysfunction at rest. Beyond COVID-19 actual pathophysiological brain processes, our findings point toward brain connectome disruption conceivably translating into clinical post-COVID cognitive symptomatology. Our results could pave the way for a potential brain signature of cognitive complaints experienced by COVID-19 survivors, possibly leading to identify early therapeutic targets and thus mitigating its detrimental long-term impact on quality of life in the post-COVID-19 stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Paolini
- Psychiatry & Clinical Psychobiology, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS Scientific Institute Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy; PhD Program in Molecular Medicine, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Mariagrazia Palladini
- Psychiatry & Clinical Psychobiology, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS Scientific Institute Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy; PhD Program in Cognitive Neuroscience, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy.
| | - Mario Gennaro Mazza
- Psychiatry & Clinical Psychobiology, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS Scientific Institute Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy; PhD Program in Cognitive Neuroscience, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Federica Colombo
- Psychiatry & Clinical Psychobiology, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS Scientific Institute Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy; PhD Program in Cognitive Neuroscience, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Benedetta Vai
- Psychiatry & Clinical Psychobiology, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS Scientific Institute Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Patrizia Rovere-Querini
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy; Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS Scientific Institute Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Falini
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy; Department of Neuroradiology, IRCCS Scientific Institute Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Sara Poletti
- Psychiatry & Clinical Psychobiology, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS Scientific Institute Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesco Benedetti
- Psychiatry & Clinical Psychobiology, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS Scientific Institute Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
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Perus L, Mangin JF, Deverdun J, Gutierrez LA, Gourieux E, Fischer C, Van Dokkum LEH, Manesco C, Busto G, Guyonnet S, Vellas B, Gabelle A, Le Bars E. Impact of multidomain preventive strategies on functional brain connectivity in older adults with cognitive complaint: Subset from the Montpellier center of the ancillary MAPT-MRI study. Front Aging Neurosci 2023; 14:971220. [PMID: 36705622 PMCID: PMC9871772 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.971220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The impact of multi-domain preventive interventions on older adults, in particular on those with higher risk to develop Alzheimer's disease (AD), could be beneficial, as it may delay cognitive decline. However, the precise mechanism of such positive impact is not fully understood and may involve brain reserve and adaptability of brain functional connectivity (FC). Methods To determine the effect of multidomain interventions (involving physical activity, cognitive training, nutritional counseling alone or in combination with omega-3 fatty acid supplementation and vs. a placebo) on the brain, longitudinal FC changes were assessed after 36 months of intervention on 100 older adults (above 70 year-old) with subjective cognitive complaints. Results No global change in FC was detected after uni or multidomain preventive interventions. However, an effect of omega-3 fatty acid supplementation dependent on cognitive decline status was underlined for frontoparietal, salience, visual and sensorimotor networks FC. These findings were independent of the cortical thickness and vascular burden. Discussion These results emphasize the importance of patient stratification, based on risk factors, for preventive interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Perus
- Memory Resources and Research Center, Department of Neurology, Gui de Chauliac Hospital, Montpellier, France,INM, Univ Montpellier, INSERM, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France,Institut d'Imagerie Fonctionnelle Humaine, I2FH, Department of Neuroradiology, Gui de Chauliac Hospital and University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France,CATI, US52-UAR2031, CEA, ICM, SU, CNRS, INSERM, APHP, Ile de France, France
| | - Jean-François Mangin
- CATI, US52-UAR2031, CEA, ICM, SU, CNRS, INSERM, APHP, Ile de France, France,Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Neurospin, UMR9027 Baobab, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Jérémy Deverdun
- Institut d'Imagerie Fonctionnelle Humaine, I2FH, Department of Neuroradiology, Gui de Chauliac Hospital and University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | | | | | - Clara Fischer
- CATI, US52-UAR2031, CEA, ICM, SU, CNRS, INSERM, APHP, Ile de France, France
| | - Liesjet E. H. Van Dokkum
- Institut d'Imagerie Fonctionnelle Humaine, I2FH, Department of Neuroradiology, Gui de Chauliac Hospital and University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Clara Manesco
- Laboratoire Charles Coulomb (L2C), University of Montpellier, CNRS, Montpellier, France
| | - Germain Busto
- Memory Resources and Research Center, Department of Neurology, Gui de Chauliac Hospital, Montpellier, France,INM, Univ Montpellier, INSERM, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Sophie Guyonnet
- Inserm UMR 1295, University of Toulouse III, Toulouse, France,Gérontopôle, Department of Geriatrics, CHU Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Bruno Vellas
- Inserm UMR 1295, University of Toulouse III, Toulouse, France,Gérontopôle, Department of Geriatrics, CHU Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Audrey Gabelle
- Memory Resources and Research Center, Department of Neurology, Gui de Chauliac Hospital, Montpellier, France,INM, Univ Montpellier, INSERM, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Emmanuelle Le Bars
- Institut d'Imagerie Fonctionnelle Humaine, I2FH, Department of Neuroradiology, Gui de Chauliac Hospital and University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France,*Correspondence: Emmanuelle Le Bars ✉
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Niu J, Zheng Z, Wang Z, Xu L, Meng Q, Zhang X, Kuang L, Wang S, Dong L, Qiu J, Jiao Q, Cao W. Thalamo-cortical inter-subject functional correlation during movie watching across the adult lifespan. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:984571. [PMID: 36213738 PMCID: PMC9534554 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.984571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
An increasing number of studies have shown that the functional interactions between the thalamus and cerebral cortices play an important role in cognitive function and are influenced by age. Previous studies have revealed age-related changes in the thalamo-cortical system within individuals, while neglecting differences between individuals. Here, we characterized inter-subject functional correlation (ISFC) between the thalamus and several cortical brain networks in 500 healthy participants aged 18–87 years old from the Cambridge Centre for Aging and Neuroscience (Cam-CAN) cohort using movie-watching state fMRI data. General linear models (GLM) were performed to assess age-related changes in ISFC of thalamo-cortical networks and the relationship between ISFC and fluid intelligence. We found significant age-related decreases in ISFC between the posterior thalamus (e.g., ventral posterior nucleus and pulvinar) and the attentional network, sensorimotor network, and visual network (FDR correction with p < 0.05). Meanwhile, the ISFC between the thalamus (mainly the mediodorsal nucleus and ventral thalamic nuclei) and higher-order cortical networks, including the default mode network, salience network and control network, showed complex changes with age. Furthermore, the altered ISFC of thalamo-cortical networks was positively correlated with decreased fluid intelligence (FDR correction with p < 0.05). Overall, our results provide further evidence that alterations in the functional integrity of the thalamo-cortical system might play an important role in cognitive decline during aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinpeng Niu
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Tai’an, China
- Department of Radiology, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Science, Tai’an, China
| | - Zihao Zheng
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, School of Life Sciences and Technology, The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Ziqi Wang
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, School of Life Sciences and Technology, The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Longchun Xu
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Tai’an, China
| | - Qingmin Meng
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Taian Central Hospital, Tai’an, China
| | - Xiaotong Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Science, Tai’an, China
| | - Liangfeng Kuang
- Department of Radiology, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Science, Tai’an, China
| | - Shigang Wang
- Department of Radiology, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Science, Tai’an, China
| | - Li Dong
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, School of Life Sciences and Technology, The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Jianfeng Qiu
- Department of Radiology, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Science, Tai’an, China
| | - Qing Jiao
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Tai’an, China
- Department of Radiology, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Science, Tai’an, China
| | - Weifang Cao
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Tai’an, China
- Department of Radiology, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Science, Tai’an, China
- *Correspondence: Weifang Cao,
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Chamard C, Maller JJ, Menjot N, Debourdeau E, Nael V, Ritchie K, Carriere I, Daien V. Association Between Vision and Brain Cortical Thickness in a Community-Dwelling Elderly Cohort. Eye Brain 2022; 14:71-82. [PMID: 35859801 PMCID: PMC9292457 DOI: 10.2147/eb.s358384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Visual impairment is a major cause of disability and impairment of cognitive function in older people. Brain structural changes associated with visual function impairment are not well understood. The objective of this study was to assess the association between visual function and cortical thickness in older adults. Methods Participants were selected from the French population-based ESPRIT cohort of 2259 community-dwelling adults ≥65 years old enrolled between 1999 and 2001. We considered visual function and brain MRI images at the 12-year follow-up in participants who were right-handed and free of dementia and/or stroke, randomly selected from the whole cohort. High-resolution structural T1-weighted brain scans acquired with a 3-Tesla scanner. Regional reconstruction and segmentation involved using the FreeSurfer image-analysis suite. Results A total of 215 participants were included (mean [SD] age 81.8 [3.7] years; 53.0% women): 30 (14.0%) had central vision loss and 185 (86.0%) normal central vision. Vision loss was associated with thinner cortical thickness in the right insula (within the lateral sulcus of the brain) as compared with the control group (mean thickness 2.38 [0.04] vs 2.50 [0.03] mm, 4.8% thinning, pcorrected= 0.04) after adjustment for age, sex, lifetime depression and cardiovascular disease. Conclusion The present study describes a significant thinning of the right insular cortex in older adults with vision loss. The insula subserves a wide variety of functions in humans ranging from sensory and affective processing to high-level cognitive processing. Reduced insula thickness associated with vision loss may increase cognitive burden in the ageing brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chloé Chamard
- Department of Ophthalmology, Gui de Chauliac Hospital, Montpellier, F-34000, France.,Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier INM, University Montpellier, INSERM, Montpellier, F-34091, France
| | - Jerome J Maller
- General Electric Healthcare, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Monash Alfred Psychiatry Research Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Nicolas Menjot
- Department of Neuroradiology, Gui de Chauliac Hospital, Montpellier, F-34000, France
| | - Eloi Debourdeau
- Department of Ophthalmology, Gui de Chauliac Hospital, Montpellier, F-34000, France
| | - Virginie Nael
- Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, UMR 1219, University Bordeaux, INSERM, Bordeaux, F-33000, France
| | - Karen Ritchie
- Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier INM, University Montpellier, INSERM, Montpellier, F-34091, France.,Department of Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Isabelle Carriere
- Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier INM, University Montpellier, INSERM, Montpellier, F-34091, France
| | - Vincent Daien
- Department of Ophthalmology, Gui de Chauliac Hospital, Montpellier, F-34000, France.,Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier INM, University Montpellier, INSERM, Montpellier, F-34091, France.,The Save Sight Institute, Sydney Medical School, the University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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Kwak S, Kim H, Kim H, Youm Y, Chey J. Distributed functional connectivity predicts neuropsychological test performance among older adults. Hum Brain Mapp 2021; 42:3305-3325. [PMID: 33960591 PMCID: PMC8193511 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.25436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2020] [Revised: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuropsychological test is an essential tool in assessing cognitive and functional changes associated with late-life neurocognitive disorders. Despite the utility of the neuropsychological test, the brain-wide neural basis of the test performance remains unclear. Using the predictive modeling approach, we aimed to identify the optimal combination of functional connectivities that predicts neuropsychological test scores of novel individuals. Resting-state functional connectivity and neuropsychological tests included in the OASIS-3 dataset (n = 428) were used to train the predictive models, and the identified models were iteratively applied to the holdout internal test set (n = 216) and external test set (KSHAP, n = 151). We found that the connectivity-based predicted score tracked the actual behavioral test scores (r = 0.08-0.44). The predictive models utilizing most of the connectivity features showed better accuracy than those composed of focal connectivity features, suggesting that its neural basis is largely distributed across multiple brain systems. The discriminant and clinical validity of the predictive models were further assessed. Our results suggest that late-life neuropsychological test performance can be formally characterized with distributed connectome-based predictive models, and further translational evidence is needed when developing theoretically valid and clinically incremental predictive models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyul Kwak
- Department of PsychologySeoul National UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Hairin Kim
- Department of PsychologySeoul National UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Hoyoung Kim
- Department of PsychologyChonbuk National UniversityJeonjuRepublic of Korea
| | - Yoosik Youm
- Department of SociologyYonsei UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Jeanyung Chey
- Department of PsychologySeoul National UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea
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Pläschke RN, Patil KR, Cieslik EC, Nostro AD, Varikuti DP, Plachti A, Lösche P, Hoffstaedter F, Kalenscher T, Langner R, Eickhoff SB. Age differences in predicting working memory performance from network-based functional connectivity. Cortex 2020; 132:441-459. [PMID: 33065515 PMCID: PMC7778730 DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2020.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2019] [Revised: 06/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Deterioration in working memory capacity (WMC) has been associated with normal aging, but it remains unknown how age affects the relationship between WMC and connectivity within functional brain networks. We therefore examined the predictability of WMC from fMRI-based resting-state functional connectivity (RSFC) within eight meta-analytically defined functional brain networks and the connectome in young and old adults using relevance vector machine in a robust cross-validation scheme. Particular brain networks have been associated with mental functions linked to WMC to a varying degree and are associated with age-related differences in performance. Comparing prediction performance between the young and old sample revealed age-specific effects: In young adults, we found a general unpredictability of WMC from RSFC in networks subserving WM, cognitive action control, vigilant attention, theory-of-mind cognition, and semantic memory, whereas in older adults each network significantly predicted WMC. Moreover, both WM-related and WM-unrelated networks were differently predictive in older adults with low versus high WMC. These results indicate that the within-network functional coupling during task-free states is specifically related to individual task performance in advanced age, suggesting neural-level reorganization. In particular, our findings support the notion of a decreased segregation of functional brain networks, deterioration of network integrity within different networks and/or compensation by reorganization as factors driving associations between individual WMC and within-network RSFC in older adults. Thus, using multivariate pattern regression provided novel insights into age-related brain reorganization by linking cognitive capacity to brain network integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel N Pläschke
- Institute of Systems Neuroscience, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany; Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine, Brain and Behaviour (INM-7), Research Centre Jülich, Jülich, Germany.
| | - Kaustubh R Patil
- Institute of Systems Neuroscience, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany; Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine, Brain and Behaviour (INM-7), Research Centre Jülich, Jülich, Germany
| | - Edna C Cieslik
- Institute of Systems Neuroscience, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany; Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine, Brain and Behaviour (INM-7), Research Centre Jülich, Jülich, Germany
| | - Alessandra D Nostro
- Institute of Systems Neuroscience, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany; Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine, Brain and Behaviour (INM-7), Research Centre Jülich, Jülich, Germany
| | - Deepthi P Varikuti
- Institute of Systems Neuroscience, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany; Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine, Brain and Behaviour (INM-7), Research Centre Jülich, Jülich, Germany
| | - Anna Plachti
- Institute of Systems Neuroscience, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany; Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine, Brain and Behaviour (INM-7), Research Centre Jülich, Jülich, Germany
| | - Patrick Lösche
- Leibniz Institute for International Educational Research (DIPF), Centre for Research on Human Development and Education, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Felix Hoffstaedter
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine, Brain and Behaviour (INM-7), Research Centre Jülich, Jülich, Germany
| | - Tobias Kalenscher
- Comparative Psychology, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Robert Langner
- Institute of Systems Neuroscience, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany; Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine, Brain and Behaviour (INM-7), Research Centre Jülich, Jülich, Germany
| | - Simon B Eickhoff
- Institute of Systems Neuroscience, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany; Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine, Brain and Behaviour (INM-7), Research Centre Jülich, Jülich, Germany.
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Working Memory Training Is Associated with Changes in Resting State Functional Connectivity in Children Who Were Born Extremely Preterm: a Randomized Controlled Trial. JOURNAL OF COGNITIVE ENHANCEMENT 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s41465-019-00150-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Children born extremely preterm (EP; < 28 weeks of gestation) or extremely low birth weight (ELBW; < 1000 g) are at increased risk of working memory deficits compared with their term-born peers and may benefit from working memory training. This study aimed to determine whether Cogmed Working Memory Training®, compared with a placebo training program, was associated with changes in resting-state functional connectivity (rsfc) and whether these changes correlated with working memory performance in EP/ELBW children. Twenty-one 7-year-old EP/ELBW children were enrolled in a double-blinded randomized controlled trial and had magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) assessments (Cogmed, n = 12; placebo (a non-adaptive version of Cogmed), n = 9). Prior to training (baseline) and 2 weeks post-training, all children received a cognitive assessment, inclusive of immediate memory and working memory measures and an MRI. The Cogmed Improvement Index was used as a measure of improvement in trained activities in the Cogmed group. Resting-state functional MRI was used to measure training-related changes in intra- and inter-network rsfc. The networks assessed include the default mode network, the left and right central executive networks, the bilateral executive network, the dorsal attention network, and the salience network. rsfc data were compared between treatment groups and investigated in relation to changes in working memory performance. There was little evidence of differences in intra- or inter-network rsfc strength changes from baseline to post-training between treatment groups. In the Cogmed group, working memory performance was associated with increased rsfc from baseline to post-training within the precuneus network, but not in the placebo group. In the Cogmed group, results that did not survive multiple comparison correction further showed that improvement in trained activities was associated with increased rsfc between the left central and bilateral executive networks, and with decreased rsfc within the right central executive network and between the right central executive and salience networks. Changes in rsfc may facilitate working memory performance following Cogmed training. Further studies are needed to investigate how changes in rsfc are associated with behavioral changes to better support working memory in vulnerable groups.
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Froudist-Walsh S, López-Barroso D, José Torres-Prioris M, Croxson PL, Berthier ML. Plasticity in the Working Memory System: Life Span Changes and Response to Injury. Neuroscientist 2017; 24:261-276. [PMID: 28691573 DOI: 10.1177/1073858417717210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Working memory acts as a key bridge between perception, long-term memory, and action. The brain regions, connections, and neurotransmitters that underlie working memory undergo dramatic plastic changes during the life span, and in response to injury. Early life reliance on deep gray matter structures fades during adolescence as increasing reliance on prefrontal and parietal cortex accompanies the development of executive aspects of working memory. The rise and fall of working memory capacity and executive functions parallels the development and loss of neurotransmitter function in frontal cortical areas. Of the affected neurotransmitters, dopamine and acetylcholine modulate excitatory-inhibitory circuits that underlie working memory, are important for plasticity in the system, and are affected following preterm birth and adult brain injury. Pharmacological interventions to promote recovery of working memory abilities have had limited success, but hold promise if used in combination with behavioral training and brain stimulation. The intense study of working memory in a range of species, ages and following injuries has led to better understanding of the intrinsic plasticity mechanisms in the working memory system. The challenge now is to guide these mechanisms to better improve or restore working memory function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean Froudist-Walsh
- 1 Department of Neuroscience and Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Diana López-Barroso
- 2 Cognitive Neurology and Aphasia Unit and Cathedra ARPA of Aphasia, Centro de Investigaciones Médico-Sanitarias (CIMES) and Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Malaga, University of Malaga, Malaga, Spain.,3 Area of Psychobiology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Malaga, Malaga, Spain
| | - María José Torres-Prioris
- 2 Cognitive Neurology and Aphasia Unit and Cathedra ARPA of Aphasia, Centro de Investigaciones Médico-Sanitarias (CIMES) and Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Malaga, University of Malaga, Malaga, Spain.,3 Area of Psychobiology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Malaga, Malaga, Spain
| | - Paula L Croxson
- 1 Department of Neuroscience and Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.,4 Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Marcelo L Berthier
- 2 Cognitive Neurology and Aphasia Unit and Cathedra ARPA of Aphasia, Centro de Investigaciones Médico-Sanitarias (CIMES) and Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Malaga, University of Malaga, Malaga, Spain
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