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Sah R, Apostolopoulos V, Mehta R, Rohilla R, Sah S, Mohanty A, Mehta V, Feehan J, Luna C, de Novales FJM, Al-Tawfiq JA, Cascio A, Samayoa-Bran AJ, Bonilla-Aldana DK, Rodriguez-Morales AJ. Mpox strikes once more in 2024: Declared again as a public health emergency of international concern. Travel Med Infect Dis 2024; 61:102753. [PMID: 39181379 DOI: 10.1016/j.tmaid.2024.102753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2024] [Accepted: 08/21/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Ranjit Sah
- SR Sanjeevani Hospital, Kalyanpur-10, Siraha, Nepal.
| | - Vasso Apostolopoulos
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia.
| | - Rachana Mehta
- Dr. Lal Path Labs Nepal, Chandol, Kathmandu, Nepal; Clinical Microbiology, RDC, Manav Rachna International Institute of Research and Studies, Faridabad, Haryana, 121004, India; Medical Laboratories Techniques Department, AL-Mustaqbal University, 51001, Hillah, Babil, Iraq.
| | - Ranjana Rohilla
- Department of Microbiology, Shri Guru Ram Rai Institute of Medical and Health Sciences Dehradun, India.
| | - Sanjit Sah
- Department of Pediatrics, Dr. D.Y. Patil Medical College Hospital and Research Center, Dr. D.Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pune, 411018, Maharashtra, India; Department of Public Health Dentistry, Dr. D. Y. Patil Dental College and Hospital, Dr. D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pune, 411018, India.
| | - Aroop Mohanty
- Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences Gorakhpur (AIIMS), Uttar Pradesh, 273008, India.
| | - Vini Mehta
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Dr. D. Y. Patil Dental College and Hospital, Dr. D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pune, 411018, India.
| | - Jack Feehan
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia.
| | - Camila Luna
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Científica del Sur, Lima, Peru.
| | | | - Jaffar A Al-Tawfiq
- Specialty Internal Medicine and Quality Department, Johns Hopkins Aramco Healthcare, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia; Infectious Disease Division, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indiana, USA; Infectious Disease Division, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - Antonio Cascio
- Department of Health Promotion Sciences, Maternal and Infant Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Palermo, 90127, Palermo, Italy; Department of Infectious Diseases, A.O.U.P. Palermo, 90127, Palermo, Italy.
| | - Ana Johanna Samayoa-Bran
- Comprehensive Care Unit for HIV and Chronic Infections "Dr. Carlos Rodolfo Mejía Villatoro", Roosevelt Hospital, Guatemala city, Guatemala.
| | | | - Alfonso J Rodriguez-Morales
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Científica del Sur, Lima, Peru; Grupo de Investigación Biomedicina, Faculty of Medicine, Fundación Universitaria Autónoma de las Américas-Institución Universitaria Visión de las Américas, Pereira, Colombia; Gilbert and Rose-Marie Chagoury School of Medicine, Lebanese American University, Beirut, Lebanon.
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Zinnah MA, Uddin MB, Hasan T, Das S, Khatun F, Hasan MH, Udonsom R, Rahman MM, Ashour HM. The Re-Emergence of Mpox: Old Illness, Modern Challenges. Biomedicines 2024; 12:1457. [PMID: 39062032 PMCID: PMC11274818 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12071457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The Mpox virus (MPXV) is known to cause zoonotic disease in humans. The virus belongs to the genus Orthopoxvirus, of the family Poxviridae, and was first reported in monkeys in 1959 in Denmark and in humans in 1970 in the Congo. MPXV first appeared in the U.S. in 2003, re-emerged in 2017, and spread globally within a few years. Wild African rodents are thought to be the reservoir of MPXV. The exotic trade of animals and international travel can contribute to the spread of the Mpox virus. A phylogenetic analysis of MPXV revealed two distinct clades (Central African clade and West African clade). The smallpox vaccine shows cross-protection against MPXV infections in humans. Those who have not previously been exposed to Orthopoxvirus infections are more vulnerable to MPXV infections. Clinical manifestations in humans include fever, muscle pain, headache, and vesicle formation on the skin of infected individuals. Pathognomonic lesions include ballooning degenerations with Guarnieri-like inclusions in vesicular epithelial cells. Alterations in viral genome through genetic mutations might favor the re-emergence of a version of MPXV with enhanced virulence. As of November 2023, 92,783 cases and 171 deaths have been reported in 116 countries, representing a global public health concern. Here, we provide insights on the re-emergence of MPXV in humans. This review covers the origin, emergence, re-emergence, transmission, pathology, diagnosis, control measures, and immunomodulation of the virus, as well as clinical manifestations. Concerted efforts of health professionals and scientists are needed to prevent the disease and stop its transmission in vulnerable populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Ali Zinnah
- Department of Microbiology and Public Health, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur 1706, Bangladesh
| | - Md Bashir Uddin
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary, Animal and Biomedical Sciences, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet 3100, Bangladesh
| | - Tanjila Hasan
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chattogram Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Chattogram 4225, Bangladesh
| | - Shobhan Das
- Jiann-Ping Hsu College of Public Health, Georgia Southern University, Statesboro, GA 30458, USA
| | - Fahima Khatun
- Department of Pathobiology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur 1706, Bangladesh
| | - Md Hasibul Hasan
- Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj 8100, Bangladesh
| | - Ruenruetai Udonsom
- Department of Protozoology, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok 73170, Thailand
| | - Md Masudur Rahman
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary, Animal and Biomedical Sciences, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet 3100, Bangladesh
- ABEx Bio-Research Center, East Azampur, Dhaka 1230, Bangladesh
| | - Hossam M. Ashour
- Department of Integrative Biology, College of Arts and Sciences, University of South Florida, St. Petersburg, FL 33701, USA
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Cadmus S, Akinseye V, Besong M, Olanipekun T, Fadele J, Cadmus E, Ansumana R, Oluwayelu D, Odemuyiwa SO, Tomori O. Dynamics of Mpox infection in Nigeria: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Sci Rep 2024; 14:7368. [PMID: 38548826 PMCID: PMC10978922 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-58147-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/01/2024] Open
Abstract
The seasonal outbreaks of Mpox continue in most parts of West and Central Africa. In the past year, Nigeria had the highest number of reported cases. Here, we used the PRISMA guidelines to carry out a systematic review and meta-analysis of available evidence on Mpox in Nigeria to assess the prevalence, transmission pattern, diagnostic approach, and other associated factors useful for mitigating the transmission of the disease. All relevant observational studies in PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, AJOL, Web of Science, Scopus and Google Scholar on Mpox in Nigeria were assessed within the last fifty years (1972 to 2022). In all, 92 relevant articles were retrieved, out of which 23 were included in the final qualitative analysis. Notably, most of the cases of Mpox in Nigeria were from the southern part of the country. Our findings showed a progressive spread from the southern to the northern region of the country. We identified the following factors as important in the transmission of Mpox in Nigeria; poverty, lack of basic healthcare facilities, and risk of exposure through unsafe sexual practices. Our findings reiterate the need to strengthen and expand existing efforts as well as establish robust multi-sectoral collaboration to understand the dynamics of Mpox Nigeria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simeon Cadmus
- Department of Veterinary Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.
- Damien Foundation Genomics and Mycobacteria Research and Training Centre, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.
- Centre for Control and Prevention of Zoonoses, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.
- Nigeria Institute of Medical Research, Yaba, Lagos, Nigeria.
| | - Victor Akinseye
- Damien Foundation Genomics and Mycobacteria Research and Training Centre, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Augustine University, Ilara-Epe, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Matthias Besong
- Damien Foundation Genomics and Mycobacteria Research and Training Centre, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
- Federal Ministry of Agriculture and Food Security, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - Tobi Olanipekun
- Damien Foundation Genomics and Mycobacteria Research and Training Centre, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - John Fadele
- Damien Foundation Genomics and Mycobacteria Research and Training Centre, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Eniola Cadmus
- Department of Community Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Rashid Ansumana
- School of Community Health Sciences, Njala University, Bo, Sierra Leone
| | - Daniel Oluwayelu
- Centre for Control and Prevention of Zoonoses, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
- Department of Microbiology, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Solomon O Odemuyiwa
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Oyewale Tomori
- African Centre of Excellence for Genomics of Infectious Diseases, Redeemer's University, Ede, Osun State, Nigeria
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Mektebi A, Elsaid M, Yadav T, Abdallh F, Assker M, Siddiq A, Sayad R, Saifi M, Farahat RA. Mpox vaccine acceptance among healthcare workers: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:4. [PMID: 38166685 PMCID: PMC10759337 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-17186-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Mpox is a zoonotic viral disease that emerged in May 2022 and has since shown a high prevalence in non-mpox-endemic areas, resulting in an outbreak that caused more than 84,000 cases in 110 countries around the globe. Several vaccines are available to prevent the disease, and multiple studies have been conducted to assess the attitudes of different populations toward receiving the mpox vaccine. This study systematically reviews all the studies conducted on mpox vaccine acceptance/hesitancy among healthcare workers. METHODS A systematic literature search was conducted through four electronic databases, including PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar, up to March 2023. Studies that described mpox vaccine acceptance/hesitancy among healthcare workers were included, and the data were extracted using a uniform extraction sheet. Following the extraction, the meta-analysis included ten studies with 7322 healthcare workers. Three researchers independently assessed the risk of bias in the included study using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS). RESULTS Ten studies were included in the review. This review indicates that the prevalence of mpox vaccine acceptance was 58.5%, and the prevalence of mpox vaccine hesitancy was 41.5%. There was a higher prevalence of acceptance in countries located in Asian and African areas compared to those in North America and Europe, estimated at 68% and 44.3%, respectively. Among the studies conducted solely among physicians, there was a high prevalence of mpox vaccine acceptance, at 77.1%, compared to 49% in studies that included all healthcare workers. CONCLUSION There is a significant variation in the prevalence of mpox vaccine acceptance among different populations. Further research is needed to identify the factors that contribute to this variation and to develop interventions to increase vaccine acceptance. In addition, it is important to promote research on mpox vaccine acceptance and hesitancy among healthcare workers in countries where data is limited. This research will help policymakers develop effective policies to increase acceptance and reduce the disease burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ammar Mektebi
- Faculty of Medicine, Kutahya Health Sciences University, Kutahya, Turkey
- Medical Research Platform, Cairo, Egypt
- German-Syrian Research Society e.V., Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Mohamed Elsaid
- Medical Research Platform, Cairo, Egypt.
- Faculty of Medicine, 6Th of October, Misr University for Science and Technology, Giza, Egypt.
| | - Tularam Yadav
- Medical Research Platform, Cairo, Egypt
- Faculty of Medicine, Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre (JPMC), Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Fatima Abdallh
- Medical Research Platform, Cairo, Egypt
- Faculty of Medicine, Hashemite University, Zarqa City, Jordan
| | - Mohamad Assker
- Medical Research Platform, Cairo, Egypt
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE
| | - Abdelmonem Siddiq
- Medical Research Platform, Cairo, Egypt
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt
| | - Reem Sayad
- Medical Research Platform, Cairo, Egypt
- Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Motaz Saifi
- Medical Research Platform, Cairo, Egypt
- Department of Medicine, Medicine & Health Science, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine
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Mohanto S, Faiyazuddin M, Dilip Gholap A, Jc D, Bhunia A, Subbaram K, Gulzar Ahmed M, Nag S, Shabib Akhtar M, Bonilla-Aldana DK, Sah S, Malik S, Haleem Al-Qaim Z, Barboza JJ, Sah R. Addressing the resurgence of global monkeypox (Mpox) through advanced drug delivery platforms. Travel Med Infect Dis 2023; 56:102636. [PMID: 37633474 DOI: 10.1016/j.tmaid.2023.102636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/28/2023]
Abstract
Monkeypox (Mpox) is a transmissible infection induced by the Monkeypox virus (a double-stranded DNA virus), recognised under the family orthopoxvirus genus. Monkeypox, like endemic diseases, is a substantial concern worldwide; thus, comprehending the pathogenesis and mutagenesis of amino acids is indispensable to combat the infection. According to the World Health Organization's report, about 89 thousand cases with 160 mortalities have been reported from 114 countries worldwide. The conventional orthopoxvirus vaccines developed on live attenuated viruses exempted any clinical validation from combating monkeypox due to inadequate immunogenicity, toxicity, instability, and multiple doses. Therefore, novel drug delivery systems come into the conception with high biological and mechanical characteristics to address the resurgence of Global Monkeypox. The edges of metallic biomaterials, novel molecules, and vaccine development in targeted therapy increase the modulation of the immune response and blockage of host-virus interaction, with enhanced stability for the antigens. Thus, this review strives to comprehend the viral cell pathogenesis concerning amino acid mutagenesis and current epidemiological standards of the Monkeypox disease across the globe. Furthermore, the review also recapitulates the various clinical challenges, current therapies, and progressive nanomedicine utilisation in the Monkeypox outbreak reinforced by various clinical trial reports. The contemporary challenges of novel drug delivery systems in Monkeypox treatment cannot be overlooked, and thus, authors have outlined the future strategies to develop successful nanomedicine to combat monkeypox. Future pandemics are inevitable but can be satisfactorily handled if we comprehend the crises, innovate, and develop cutting-edge technologies, especially by delving into frontiers like nanotechnology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sourav Mohanto
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Yenepoya Pharmacy College & Research Centre, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Mangalore, Karnataka, 575018, India
| | - Md Faiyazuddin
- School of Pharmacy, Al-Karim University, Katihar, Bihar, 845106, India; Nano Drug Delivery®, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Amol Dilip Gholap
- Department of Pharmaceutics, St. John Institute of Pharmacy and Research, Palghar, Maharashtra, 401404, India
| | - Darshan Jc
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Yenepoya Pharmacy College & Research Centre, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Mangalore, Karnataka, 575018, India
| | - Adrija Bhunia
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Yenepoya Pharmacy College & Research Centre, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Mangalore, Karnataka, 575018, India
| | - Kannan Subbaram
- School of Medicine, The Maldives National University, Male', Maldives
| | - Mohammed Gulzar Ahmed
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Yenepoya Pharmacy College & Research Centre, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Mangalore, Karnataka, 575018, India
| | - Sagnik Nag
- Department of Bio-Sciences, School of Bio-Sciences and Technology (SBST), Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India
| | - Mohammad Shabib Akhtar
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Najran University, Najran, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Sanjit Sah
- Global Consortium for Public Health and Research, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Wardha, 442001, India; SR Sanjeevani Hospital, Kalyanpur-10, Siraha, Nepal
| | - Sumira Malik
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Jharkhand, 834002, Ranchi, India; School of Applied Sciences, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, India
| | - Zahraa Haleem Al-Qaim
- Department of Anesthesia Techniques, Al-Mustaqbal University College, 51001, Hillah, Babylon, Iraq
| | - Joshuan J Barboza
- Escuela de Medicina, Universidad César Vallejo, Trujillo, 13007, Peru
| | - Ranjit Sah
- Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital, Kathmandu, 46000, Nepal; Department of Clinical Microbiology, DY Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, DY Patil Vidyapeeth, Pune, 411000, Maharashtra, India; Department of Public Health Dentistry, Dr. D.Y. Patil Dental College and Hospital, Dr. D.Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pune, 411018, Maharashtra, India
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Antinori S, Casalini G, Giacomelli A, Rodriguez-Morales AJ. Update on Mpox: a brief narrative review. LE INFEZIONI IN MEDICINA 2023; 31:269-276. [PMID: 37701385 PMCID: PMC10495048 DOI: 10.53854/liim-3103-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023]
Abstract
Mpox (formerly Monkeypox), a neglected tropical disease once confined to Central and West Africa, emerged as a global epidemic outbreak in May, 2022 with 87,529 cases reported as of May, 23, 2023. It predominantly affected men (96.2%) who have sex with men (84-100%), although other transmission routes have been reported, including occupational exposure and vertical transmission. Concomitant HIV infection has been recorded in 21-46.9% and pre-exposure prophylaxis against HIV infection has been reported in 11-57% of published cases. The current outbreak clinical presentation differs from endemic cases with prodromal symptoms that could be absent: the number of lesions is generally low, with skin lesions predominantly localised in the ano-genital areas and frequent lesions present in different stages of progression (i.e., asynchronous). Asymptomatic Mpox infection can occur in 1.8-6.5% of at-risk subjects. People living with HIV with severe immunodeficiency (less than 100 CD4+ lymphocytes per microliter) are at risk of more severe clinical manifestations and death. According to a systematic review and meta-analysis, the hospitalisation rate is around 6% and the observed case-fatality rate is less than 0.1%. Tecovirimat is the drug of choice for treating severe cases although there is no evidence of efficacy from randomised controlled trials. Immunization with a live non-replicating vaccine (JYNNEOS) effectively reduces the disease's incidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Spinello Antinori
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Italy
- III Division of Infectious Diseases, ASST Fatebenefratelli Sacco, Luigi Sacco Hospital, Milano, Italy
| | - Giacomo Casalini
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Italy
- III Division of Infectious Diseases, ASST Fatebenefratelli Sacco, Luigi Sacco Hospital, Milano, Italy
| | - Andrea Giacomelli
- III Division of Infectious Diseases, ASST Fatebenefratelli Sacco, Luigi Sacco Hospital, Milano, Italy
| | - Alfonso J Rodriguez-Morales
- Gilbert and Rose-Marie Chagoury School of Medicine, Lebanese American University, Beirut, Lebanon
- Master of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Universidad Cientifica del Sur, Lima 15024, Peru
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Rehan ST, Ul Hussain H, Nihal K, Sukaina M, Khan Z, Nashwan AJ. Global Monkeypox Virus Outbreak 2022: A Bibliometric Analysis. Cureus 2023; 15:e37107. [PMID: 37168183 PMCID: PMC10166297 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.37107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Monkeypox is a rare zoonotic disease caused by the monkeypox virus, which spreads by direct contact mainly, thus having the propensity to cause future epidemics. The current review aimed to provide an up-to-date literature analysis for evaluating scientific data on monkeypox. A bibliometric analysis was conducted through eight electronic databases. The search period was from May 2022 to December 2023. All the articles were exported to Mendeley (Elsevier, Amsterdam, Netherlands). The literature search resulted in 415 relevant research articles. The growth of publications gradually rose, initiated in January 2022, leading to a rapid upsurge in May 2022. A total of 409 documents reported the number of citations, with two articles documenting the highest number, ranging from 146-150 and 216-220. The European region (EURO) dominated in publishing research articles on monkeypox, with the United States having the highest number of reports (n = 41; 9.87%), followed by the United Kingdom (n = 35; 8.43%) and Italy (n = 15; 3.61%). There were 82 funding agencies that funded 44 research articles, whereas 371 were not funded by any funding agency. Our analysis has presented the outline of the research articles published on monkeypox virus-related literature during the current outbreak. Research articles should be financially and administratively supported. Future research is required to expand research on the monkeypox virus, as there is a growing demand for original articles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syeda Tayyaba Rehan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dow University of Health Sciences, Civil Hospital Karachi, Karachi, PAK
| | - Hassan Ul Hussain
- Department of Medicine, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, PAK
| | - Kanwal Nihal
- Department of Medicine, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, PAK
| | - Mahnoor Sukaina
- Department of Medicine, Karachi Medical and Dental College, Karachi, PAK
| | - Zayeema Khan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, PAK
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Knowledge and Attitude Regarding Monkeypox Virus among Physicians in Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:vaccines10122099. [PMID: 36560508 PMCID: PMC9781185 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10122099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The growing incidence of human monkeypox cases emphasizes the significance of prevention, early detection, and prompt responses for healthcare providers. The aim of this study was to assess the knowledge and attitudes toward monkeypox infection among physicians, a frontline healthcare worker group, in Saudi Arabia. A cross-sectional survey assessing knowledge and attitudes towards monkeypox infection on multiple-item scales was sent to physicians in Saudi Arabia. The associations between independent factors and either knowledge or attitude were assessed. The final analysis included 398 participants. Approximately 55% of the surveyed participants had a "good knowledge" score about human monkeypox. The adjusted logistic regression analysis showed that being a female physician, working in the private sector, and having information on human monkeypox during medical school or residency years were the only factors associated with a good level of knowledge about human monkeypox. However, physicians' knowledge and attitudes regarding monkeypox infection are inadequate and influenced by various factors. There is a significant knowledge gap between the therapeutic management of monkeypox and its vaccination. Training and knowledge assessments are important, especially when studies show significant improvement in related and specific knowledge.
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Saied AA, Dhawan M, Metwally AA, Fahrni ML, Choudhary P, Choudhary OP. Disease History, Pathogenesis, Diagnostics, and Therapeutics for Human Monkeypox Disease: A Comprehensive Review. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:2091. [PMID: 36560502 PMCID: PMC9784156 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10122091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The monkeypox disease is a zoonotic-infectious disease that transmits between animals and humans. It is caused by a double-stranded DNA virus belonging to the Orthopoxvirus genus that is closely related to the variola virus -the causative agent of smallpox. Although monkeypox infections were endemic to Western and Central Africa, the newly emerging monkeypox outbreak spread to more than 90 non-African countries. With the exception of the PCR-confirmed case of a return from Nigeria to the United Kingdom, the ongoing outbreak is largely unrelated to travel. In the most recent wave, cases are characteristically males in their thirties. Risk factors include close and particularly sexual contact with an infected person, and contact with fomites, infected animals or aerosolized-infectious material. Clinical diagnosis of monkeypox is confirmed with nucleic-acid amplification testing of samples originating from vesicles or genital lesions and using real-time or conventional PCR. Other methods, such as electron microscopy, immunohistochemistry, and virus culture are costly and time-consuming. In addition to timely diagnosis and contact tracing, restrictive measures to limit spread, such as isolation of infected patients, preventing contact with wild animals, and isolation of animals suspected to be viral reservoirs have shown promise. Although there are no specific treatments for monkeypox disease, the experience with smallpox suggests that the vaccinia vaccine, cidofovir, tecovirimat, and vaccinia immune globulin (IVG) may be beneficial for monkeypox treatment. In this review, we provide an update on the human-monkeypox disease with a special emphasis on its pathogenesis, prevention, diagnostics, and therapeutic measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- AbdulRahman A. Saied
- National Food Safety Authority (NFSA), Aswan Branch, Aswan 81511, Egypt
- Ministry of Tourism and Antiquities, Aswan-office, Aswan 81511, Egypt
| | - Manish Dhawan
- Department of Microbiology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana 141004, India
- The Trafford Group of Colleges, Manchester WA14 5PQ, UK
| | - Asmaa A. Metwally
- Department of Surgery, Anesthesiology, and Radiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Aswan University, Aswan 81528, Egypt
| | - Mathumalar Loganathan Fahrni
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Puncak Alam Campus, Selangor Branch, Puncak Alam 42300, Malaysia
| | - Priyanka Choudhary
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, College of Veterinary Science, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University (GADVASU), Rampura Phul 151103, India
| | - Om Prakash Choudhary
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy and Histology, College of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, Central Agricultural University, Selesih, Aizawl 796014, India
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Lansiaux E, Jain N, Laivacuma S, Reinis A. The virology of human monkeypox virus (hMPXV): A brief overview. Virus Res 2022; 322:198932. [PMID: 36165924 PMCID: PMC9534104 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2022.198932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2022] [Revised: 09/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
First described in 1958, the human monkeypox virus (hMPXV) is a neglected zoonotic pathogen closely associated with the smallpox virus. The virus usually spreads via close contact with the infected animal or human and has been endemic mostly in parts of the African continent. However, with the recent increase in trade, tourism, and travel, the virus has caused outbreaks in countries outside Africa. The recent outbreak in 2022 has been puzzling given the lack of epidemiological connection and the possible sexual transmission of the virus. Furthermore, there is limited understanding of the structural and pathogenetic mechanisms that are employed by the virus to invade the host cells. Henceforth, it is critical to understand the working apparatus governing the viral-immune interactions to develop effective therapeutical and prophylactic modalities. Hence, in the present short communication, we summarize the previously reported research findings regarding the virology of the human monkeypox virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edouard Lansiaux
- Lille University School of Medicine, 2 Avenue Eugène Avinée, 59120, Loos, Lille, France,Corresponding author
| | - Nityanand Jain
- Faculty of Medicine, Riga Stradiņš University, Dzirciema Street 16, Riga LV-1007, Latvia,Corresponding author
| | - Sniedze Laivacuma
- Department of Infectiology, Riga Stradiņš University, Dzirciema Street 16, Riga LV-1007, Latvia
| | - Aigars Reinis
- Department of Biology and Microbiology, Riga Stradiņš University, Dzirciema Street 16, Riga LV-1007, Latvia
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11
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Bonilla-Aldana DK, Rodriguez-Morales AJ. Is monkeypox another reemerging viral zoonosis with many animal hosts yet to be defined? Vet Q 2022; 42:148-150. [PMID: 35686457 PMCID: PMC9225742 DOI: 10.1080/01652176.2022.2088881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- D. Katterine Bonilla-Aldana
- Faculty of Medicine, Institución Universitaria Vision de las Américas, Pereira, Risaralda, Colombia
- Grupo de Investigación Biomedicina, Faculty of Medicine, Fundación Universitaria Autónoma de las Américas, Pereira, Risaralda, Colombia
- Latin American network on MOnkeypox VIrus research (LAMOVI), Pereira, Risaralda, Colombia
| | - Alfonso J. Rodriguez-Morales
- Faculty of Medicine, Institución Universitaria Vision de las Américas, Pereira, Risaralda, Colombia
- Universidad Científica del Sur, Lima, Perú
- Grupo de Investigación Biomedicina, Faculty of Medicine, Fundación Universitaria Autónoma de las Américas, Pereira, Risaralda, Colombia
- Latin American network on MOnkeypox VIrus research (LAMOVI), Pereira, Risaralda, Colombia
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12
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Sofyantoro F, Kusuma HI, Vento S, Rademaker M, Frediansyah A. Global research profile on monkeypox-related literature (1962-2022): A bibliometric analysis. NARRA J 2022; 2:e96. [PMID: 38449907 PMCID: PMC10914125 DOI: 10.52225/narra.v2i3.96] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
The recent monkeypox or mpox outbreak has been a global concern. The present study evaluated the global research outputs, research trends, and topics of published research on monkeypox using a bibliometric approach. The Scopus database was searched for terms associated with "monkeypox" or "monkey pox" up until 19 November 2022. Maps and bibliometric indicators of the retrieved documents were shown and analyzed. A total of 1,422 documents were obtained from Scopus. Other than monkeypox, the most commonly used terms included epidemic, disease outbreaks, smallpox vaccine, and orthopoxvirus. In total, 90.3% of the documents were published between 2002 and 2022. The United States, the United Kingdom, and India were the top three countries in terms of productivity. Most of the institutions were from the United States. The International Journal of Surgery, the Journal of Medical Virology, and the Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease are some of the top journals currently publishing research on monkeypox. Tecovirimat, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), homosexuality, and pandemic are emerging topics related to monkeypox.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fajar Sofyantoro
- Department of Tropical Biology, Faculty of Biology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Hendrix I. Kusuma
- Medical Research Unit, School of Medicine, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
- Department of Biology Education, Faculty of Tarbiyah and Teacher Training, Universitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
| | - Sandro Vento
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Puthisastra, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
| | - Marius Rademaker
- Clinical Trial New Zealand, Waikato Hospital Campus, Hamilton, New Zealand
| | - Andri Frediansyah
- PRTPP, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Yogyakarta, Indonesia
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13
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Ulloque-Badaracco JR, Alarcón-Braga EA, Hernandez-Bustamante EA, Al-kassab-Córdova A, Benites-Zapata VA, Bonilla-Aldana DK, Rodriguez-Morales AJ. Acceptance towards Monkeypox Vaccination: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Pathogens 2022; 11:1248. [PMID: 36364999 PMCID: PMC9697127 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens11111248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Revised: 10/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 08/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Vaccination it is considered a vital strategy in order to mitigate monkeypox by protecting from severe disease and helping in reduction of hospitalisations. In this sense, this study aims to estimate the global prevalence of vaccination acceptance against monkeypox. We conducted a systematic review with a comprehensive search strategy for the following databases: PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science. A random-effect model meta-analysis was carried out using observational studies assessing the intention of vaccines against monkeypox from multiple continents. The quality assessment was developed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale adapted for cross-sectional studies. In addition, a subgroup analysis by study location and population and a sensitivity analysis was developed.Eleven cross-sectional studies were included. A total of 8045 participants were included. The pooled prevalence of monkeypox vaccination acceptance in all participants was 56.0% (95%CI: 42.0-70.0%). In the subgroup analysis of monkeypox vaccine acceptance according to continents, the prevalence of vaccine acceptance was 50.0% (95%CI: 24.0-76.0%) in Asian countries and 70.0% (95%CI: 55.0-84.0%) in European countries. The prevalence of vaccine acceptance was 43.0% (95%CI: 35.0-50.0%) in the general population, 63.0% (95%CI: 42.0-70.0%) in healthcare workers, and 84.0% (95%CI: 83.0-86.0%) in the LGBTI community. Despite the high prevalence of monkeypox vaccination acceptance in the LGBTI community found in our study, vaccination acceptance from healthcare workers and the general population are lower. Governments could use these results for planning, developing or promoting vaccination strategies and public health policies focused on these populations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Esteban A. Alarcón-Braga
- Escuela de Medicina, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas, Lima 15023, Peru
- Sociedad Científica de Estudiantes de Medicina, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas, Lima 15023, Peru
| | - Enrique A. Hernandez-Bustamante
- Sociedad Cientifica de Estudiantes de Medicina, Universidad Nacional de Trujillo, Trujillo 13011, Peru
- Grupo Peruano de Investigación Epidemiológica, Unidad para la Generación y Síntesis de Evidencias en Salud, Universidad San Ignacio de Loyola, Lima 15012, Peru
| | - Ali Al-kassab-Córdova
- Centro de Excelencia en Investigaciones Económicas y Sociales en Salud, Universidad San Ignacio de Loyola, Lima 15012, Peru
| | | | | | - Alfonso J. Rodriguez-Morales
- Grupo de Investigación Biomedicina, Faculty of Medicine, Fundacion Universitaria Autonoma de las Americas, Pereira 660003, Risaralda, Colombia
- Institucion Universitaria Vision de las Americas, Pereira 660003, Risaralda, Colombia
- Master of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Universidad Cientifica del Sur, Lima 15024, Peru
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Integrated Analgesic Care in the Current Human Monkeypox Outbreak: Perspectives on an Integrated and Holistic Approach Combining Old Allies with Innovative Technologies. Medicina (B Aires) 2022; 58:medicina58101454. [PMID: 36295614 PMCID: PMC9612138 DOI: 10.3390/medicina58101454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2022] [Revised: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Monkeypox (MPX) is a zoonotic infection caused by an orthopoxvirus that is endemic to Central and Western Africa. The MPX virus is a part of the same family of viruses as the variola virus, which causes smallpox. Since May 2022, there has been a global increase in the incidence of MPX infections in multiple countries where the illness is not usually prevalent. A growing number of publications have emphasized on the need for increased awareness among all health professionals for the rapid recognition and diagnosis of this disease and for proper public health measures. However, atypical presentations and occurrence of uncommon symptoms receive less than the desired attention. More specifically, MPX infection related nociceptive symptoms are currently underexposed. Nevertheless, reports from the current outbreak have revealed that (severe) pain is one of the major causes for distress and even hospitalization in these patients. As for all serious pain conditions, an integrated, multidisciplinary, and holistic approach is indicated. This approach should be multimodal and include non-pharmacological therapies alongside pharmacological approaches. Health care professionals should be aware of available alternatives when first choice analgesic therapies fail. Protocols for identification of pain type and prolonged monitoring of clinical status should be implemented to improve patient well-being during acute infection, but also prevent chronic nociceptive syndromes.
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Farahat RA, Ali I, Al-Ahdal T, Benmelouka AY, Albakri K, El-Sakka AA, Abdelaal A, Abdelazeem B, Anwar MM, Mehta R, Sah R, Rouniyar R, Sah R. Monkeypox and human transmission: Are we on the verge of another pandemic? Travel Med Infect Dis 2022; 49:102387. [PMID: 35750272 PMCID: PMC9628761 DOI: 10.1016/j.tmaid.2022.102387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Iftikhar Ali
- Department of Pharmacy, Paraplegic Center, Peshawar, Pakistan.
| | - Tareq Al-Ahdal
- Institute of Global Health, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.
| | | | - Khaled Albakri
- Faculty of Medicine, The Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan.
| | - Amro A El-Sakka
- Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41511, Egypt.
| | - Abdelaziz Abdelaal
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA; Boston University, MA, 02215, USA; Tanta University Hospitals, 31516, Egypt.
| | - Basel Abdelazeem
- Department of Internal Medicine, McLaren Health Care, Flint, 48532, Michigan, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, 48823, Michigan, USA.
| | - Mohammed Moustapha Anwar
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Graduate Studies and Research (IGSR), Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.
| | - Rachana Mehta
- National Public Health Laboratory (NPHL), Kathmandu, Nepal.
| | | | - Ramhari Rouniyar
- Nepalese Army Institute of Health Science-college of Medicine, Kathmandu, Nepal.
| | - Ranjit Sah
- Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital, Institute of Medicine, Kathmandu, Nepal.
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16
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León-Figueroa DA, Bonilla-Aldana DK, Pachar M, Romaní L, Saldaña-Cumpa HM, Anchay-Zuloeta C, Diaz-Torres M, Franco-Paredes C, Suárez JA, Ramirez JD, Paniz-Mondolfi A, Rodriguez-Morales AJ. The never-ending global emergence of viral zoonoses after COVID-19? The rising concern of monkeypox in Europe, North America and beyond. Travel Med Infect Dis 2022; 49:102362. [PMID: 35643256 PMCID: PMC9132678 DOI: 10.1016/j.tmaid.2022.102362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Darwin A León-Figueroa
- Facultad de Medicina Humana, Universidad de San Martín de Porres, Chiclayo, Peru; Emerge, Unidad de Investigación en Enfermedades Emergentes y Cambio Climático, Facultad de Salud Pública y Administración, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
| | - D Katterine Bonilla-Aldana
- Faculty de Medicine, Fundación Universitaria Autónoma de las Américas, Pereira, Risaralda, Colombia; Latin American Network of COVID-19 Research (LANCOVID), Pereira, Risaralda, Colombia
| | - Monica Pachar
- Medicine Department-Infectious Diseases Service, Hospital Santo Tomas, Panama City, Panama
| | - Luccio Romaní
- Facultad de Medicina Humana, Universidad de San Martín de Porres, Chiclayo, Peru; Emerge, Unidad de Investigación en Enfermedades Emergentes y Cambio Climático, Facultad de Salud Pública y Administración, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
| | - Hortencia M Saldaña-Cumpa
- Facultad de Medicina Humana, Universidad de San Martín de Porres, Chiclayo, Peru; Sociedad Científica de Estudiantes de Medicina Veritas (SCIEMVE), Chiclayo, Peru
| | - Claudia Anchay-Zuloeta
- Facultad de Medicina Humana, Universidad de San Martín de Porres, Chiclayo, Peru; Sociedad Científica de Estudiantes de Medicina Veritas (SCIEMVE), Chiclayo, Peru
| | - Milagros Diaz-Torres
- Facultad de Medicina Humana, Universidad de San Martín de Porres, Chiclayo, Peru; Sociedad Científica de Estudiantes de Medicina Veritas (SCIEMVE), Chiclayo, Peru
| | | | - José Antonio Suárez
- Investigador SNI Senacyt Panamá, Clinical Research Deparment, Instituto Conmemorativo Gorgas de Estudios de la Salud, Panama City, Panama
| | - Juan David Ramirez
- Department of Pathology, Molecular, and Cell-Based Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA; Centro de Investigaciones en Microbiología y Biotecnología-UR (CIMBIUR), Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Alberto Paniz-Mondolfi
- Department of Pathology, Molecular, and Cell-Based Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Alfonso J Rodriguez-Morales
- Latin American Network of COVID-19 Research (LANCOVID), Pereira, Risaralda, Colombia; Grupo de Investigacion Biomedicina, Faculty of Medicine, Fundacion Universitaria Autonoma de las Americas, Pereira, Risaralda, Colombia. Editor in Chief, Travel Medicine and Infectious Diseases; Institucion Universitaria Vision de las Americas, Pereira, Risaralda, Colombia; Master of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Universidad Cientifica del Sur, Lima, Peru; School of Medicine, Universidad Privada Franz Tamayo (UNIFRANZ), Cochabamba, Bolivia.
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17
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Amer FA, Hammad NM, Wegdan AA, ElBadawy NE, Pagliano P, Rodríguez-Morales AJ. Growing shreds of evidence for monkeypox to be a sexually transmitted infection. LE INFEZIONI IN MEDICINA 2022; 30:323-327. [PMID: 36148175 PMCID: PMC9448319 DOI: 10.53854/liim-3003-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Fatma A. Amer
- Medical Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig, Egypt
- Viral Infection Working Group/International Society for Antimicrobial Chemotherapy
| | - Noha M. Hammad
- Medical Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig, Egypt
- Viral Infection Working Group/International Society for Antimicrobial Chemotherapy
| | - Ahmed Ashraf Wegdan
- Viral Infection Working Group/International Society for Antimicrobial Chemotherapy
- Medical Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt
| | - Nissreen E. ElBadawy
- Medical Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig, Egypt
- Viral Infection Working Group/International Society for Antimicrobial Chemotherapy
| | - Pasquale Pagliano
- Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy
| | - Alfonso J. Rodríguez-Morales
- Grupo de Investigación Biomedicina, Faculty of Medicine, Fundación Universitaria Autónoma de las Américas, Pereira 660001, Risaralda, Colombia
- Program of Master in Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Universidad Científica del Sur, Lima 150142, Peru
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Farahat RA, Sah R, El-Sakka AA, Benmelouka AY, Kundu M, Labieb F, Shaheen RS, Abdelaal A, Abdelazeem B, Bonilla-Aldana DK, Franco-Paredes C, Henao-Martinez AF, Garout MA, León-Figueroa DA, Pachar M, Suárez JA, Ramirez JD, Paniz-Mondolfi A, Rabaan AA, Al-Tawfiq JA, Nishiura H, Ortiz-Martínez Y, Garcia-Robledo JE, Cimerman S, Barbosa AN, Pagliano P, Zambrano-Sanchez G, Cardona-Ospina JA, Bížová B, Rodriguez-Morales AJ. Human monkeypox disease (MPX). LE INFEZIONI IN MEDICINA 2022; 30:372-391. [PMID: 36148174 PMCID: PMC9448318 DOI: 10.53854/liim-3003-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/24/2022] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Monkeypox is a rare viral infection, endemic in many central and western African countries. The last international outbreak of monkeypox reported outside Africa occurred back in 2003. However, monkeypox has reemerged at a global scale with numerous confirmed cases across the globe in 2022. The rapid spread of cases through different countries has raised serious concerns among public health officials worldwide prompting accelerated investigations aimed to identify the origins and cause of the rapid expansion of cases. The current situation is reminiscent of the very early stages of the still ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. Overlapping features between these, two seemingly alike viral entities include the possibility for airborne transmission and the currently unexplained and rapid spread across borders. Early recognition of cases and timely intervention of potential transmission chains are necessary to contain further outbreaks. Measures should include rapid and accurate diagnosis of cases meeting case definitions, active surveillance efforts, and appropriate containment of confirmed cases. Governments and health policymakers must apply lessons learned from previous outbreaks and start taking active steps toward limiting the recent global spread of monkeypox. Herein, we discuss the status of the current monkeypox outbreaks worldwide, the epidemiological and public health situation at a global scale and what can be done to keep at bay its further expansion and future global implications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ranjit Sah
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Medicine, Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Amro A. El-Sakka
- Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41511, Egypt
| | | | - Mrinmoy Kundu
- Institute of Medical Sciences and SUM Hospital, Siksha ‘O’ Anusandhan, Bhubaneswar 751003, India
| | - Fatma Labieb
- Faculty of Medicine, Beni-Suef Univesity, Beni-Suef 62511, Egypt
| | | | - Abdelaziz Abdelaal
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Boston University, MA 02215, USA
- Tanta University Hospitals, 31516 Egypt
| | - Basel Abdelazeem
- Department of Internal Medicine, McLaren Health Care, Flint, Michigan 48532, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48823, USA
| | - D. Katterine Bonilla-Aldana
- Grupo de Investigación Biomedicina, Faculty of Medicine, Institución Universitaria Visión de las Américas, Pereira, Risaralda, Colombia
- Latin American Network on MOnkeypox VIrus research (LAMOVI), Pereira, Risaralda, Colombia
| | | | | | - Mohammed A. Garout
- Community Medicine and Pilgrims Health Department, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Darwin A. León-Figueroa
- Grupo de Investigación Biomedicina, Faculty of Medicine, Institución Universitaria Visión de las Américas, Pereira, Risaralda, Colombia
- Facultad de Medicina Humana, Universidad de San Martín de Porres, Chiclayo, Peru
- Emerge, Unidad de Investigación en Enfermedades Emergentes y Cambio Climático, Facultad de Salud Pública y Administración, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
| | - Monica Pachar
- Medicine Department-Infectious Diseases Service, Hospital Santo Tomas, Panama City, Panama
| | - José Antonio Suárez
- Investigador SNI Senacyt Panamá, Clinical Research Deparment, Instituto Conmemorativo Gorgas de Estudios de la Salud, Panama City, Panama
| | - Juan David Ramirez
- Department of Pathology, Molecular, and Cell-Based Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Centro de Investigaciones en Microbiología y Biotecnología-UR (CIMBIUR), Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Alberto Paniz-Mondolfi
- Department of Pathology, Molecular, and Cell-Based Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ali A. Rabaan
- Molecular Diagnostic Laboratory, Johns Hopkins Aramco Healthcare, Dhahran, 31311, Saudi Arabia
- College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, 11533, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Public Health and Nutrition, The University of Haripur, Haripur, 22610, Pakistan
| | - Jaffar A. Al-Tawfiq
- Specialty Internal Medicine and Quality Department, Johns Hopkins Aramco Healthcare, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia
- Infectious Diseases Division, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Infectious Diseases Division, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Hiroshi Nishiura
- Kyoto University School of Public Health, Yoshidakonoecho, Sakyoku, Kyoto City 6068501, Japan
| | - Yeimer Ortiz-Martínez
- Grupo de Investigación Biomedicina, Faculty of Medicine, Institución Universitaria Visión de las Américas, Pereira, Risaralda, Colombia
- Department of Internal Medicine, Universidad Industrial de Santander, Bucaramanga, Santander, Colombia
| | | | - Sergio Cimerman
- Instituto de Infectologia Emílio Ribas, São Paulo, SP, Brazil Brazilian Society for Infectious Diseases, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Naime Barbosa
- Infectious Diseases Department, Botucatu Medical School, UNESP Brazilian Society for Infectious Diseases, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Pasquale Pagliano
- Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy
| | | | - Jaime A. Cardona-Ospina
- Institución Universitaria Visión de las Américas, Pereira, Risaralda, Colombia
- Grupo de Investigación Biomedicina, Faculty of Medicine, Fundación Universitaria Autónoma de las Américas, 660003, Pereira, Risaralda, Colombia
| | - Beatrice Bížová
- Department of Dermatovenerology, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, University Hospital Bulovka, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Alfonso J. Rodriguez-Morales
- Grupo de Investigación Biomedicina, Faculty of Medicine, Institución Universitaria Visión de las Américas, Pereira, Risaralda, Colombia
- Latin American Network on MOnkeypox VIrus research (LAMOVI), Pereira, Risaralda, Colombia
- Institución Universitaria Visión de las Américas, Pereira, Risaralda, Colombia
- Grupo de Investigación Biomedicina, Faculty of Medicine, Fundación Universitaria Autónoma de las Américas, 660003, Pereira, Risaralda, Colombia
- Master of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Universidad Científica del Sur, Lima, 4861, Peru
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19
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Cheng K, Guo Q, Zhou Y, Wu H. Concern over monkeypox outbreak: What can we learn from the top 100 highly cited articles in monkeypox research? Travel Med Infect Dis 2022; 49:102371. [PMID: 35690319 PMCID: PMC9629011 DOI: 10.1016/j.tmaid.2022.102371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kunming Cheng
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450014, China
| | - Qiang Guo
- Department of Orthopaedics, Baodi Clinical College of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 301800, China
| | - Yan Zhou
- Department of Graduate School, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Haiyang Wu
- Department of Graduate School, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China.
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20
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Ortiz-Martínez Y, Zambrano-Sanchez G, Rodríguez-Morales AJ. Monkeypox and HIV/AIDS: When the outbreak faces the epidemic. Int J STD AIDS 2022; 33:949-950. [PMID: 35822876 DOI: 10.1177/09564624221114191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yeimer Ortiz-Martínez
- Department of Internal Medicine, 469618Universidad Industrial de Santander, Bucaramanga, Colombia
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad de Sucre, Sincelejo, Colombia
| | | | - Alfonso J Rodríguez-Morales
- Grupo de Investigación Biomedicina, Faculty of Medicine, 146887Fundación Universitaria Autónoma de las Américas, Pereira, Risaralda, Colombia
- Committe on Tropical Medicine, Zoonoses and Travel Medicine, Colombian Association of Infectious Diseases (ACIN), Bogota, Colombia
- Faculty of Medicine, 146887Fundación Universitaria de las Américas, Sede Pereira, Pereira, Risaralda, Colombia
- Institución Universitaria Visión de las Américas, Pereira, Risaralda, Colombia
- Master of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Universidad Cientifica del Sur, Lima, Peru
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Benites-Zapata VA, Ulloque-Badaracco JR, Alarcon-Braga EA, Hernandez-Bustamante EA, Mosquera-Rojas MD, Bonilla-Aldana DK, Rodriguez-Morales AJ. Clinical features, hospitalisation and deaths associated with monkeypox: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Ann Clin Microbiol Antimicrob 2022; 21:36. [PMID: 35948973 PMCID: PMC9364300 DOI: 10.1186/s12941-022-00527-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION A multicountry monkeypox disease (MPX) outbreak began in May 2022 in Europe, leading to the assessment as a potential Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC) on June 23, 2022. Some observational studies have partially characterised clinical features, hospitalisations, and deaths. However, no systematic reviews of this MPX outbreak have been published. METHODS We performed a systematic review with meta-analysis, using five databases to assess clinical features, hospitalisations, complications and deaths of MPX confirmed or probable cases. Observational studies, case reports and case series, were included. We performed a random-effects model meta-analysis to calculate the pooled prevalence and 95% confidence interval (95% CI). In addition, we carried out a subgroup analysis according to the continents and a sensitivity analysis excluding studies classified as having a high risk of bias. RESULTS A total of 19 articles were included, using only 12 articles in the quantitative synthesis (meta-analysis). For 1958 patients, rash (93%, 95% CI 80-100%), fever (72%, 95% CI 30-99%), pruritus (65%, 95% CI 47-81%), and lymphadenopathy (62%, 47-76%), were the most prevalent manifestations. Among the patients, 35% (95% CI 14-59%) were hospitalised. Some 4% (95% CI 1-9%) of hospitalised patients had fatal outcomes (case fatality rate, CFR). CONCLUSION MPX is spreading rapidly, with a third of hospitalised patients, but less than 5% with fatal outcomes. As this zoonotic virus spreads globally, countries must urgently prepare human resources, infrastructure and facilities to treat patients according to the emerging guidelines and the most reliable clinical information.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Esteban A Alarcon-Braga
- Escuela de Medicina, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas, Lima, Perú
- Sociedad Científica de Estudiantes de Medicina de la Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas, Lima, Perú
| | - Enrique A Hernandez-Bustamante
- Sociedad Científica de Estudiantes de Medicina de la Universidad Nacional de Trujillo, Trujillo, Perú
- Grupo Peruano de Investigación Epidemiológica, Unidad Para la Generación y Síntesis de Evidencias en Salud, Universidad San Ignacio de Loyola, Lima, Perú
| | - Melany D Mosquera-Rojas
- Escuela de Medicina, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas, Lima, Perú
- Sociedad Científica de Estudiantes de Medicina de la Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas, Lima, Perú
| | - D Katterine Bonilla-Aldana
- Grupo de Investigación Biomedicina, Faculty of Medicine, Fundación Universitaria Autónoma de las Américas, Pereira, Risaralda, Colombia
- Latin American Network of MOnkeypox VIrus Research (LAMOVI), Pereira, Risaralda, Colombia
| | - Alfonso J Rodriguez-Morales
- Grupo de Investigación Biomedicina, Faculty of Medicine, Fundación Universitaria Autónoma de las Américas, Pereira, Risaralda, Colombia.
- Latin American Network of MOnkeypox VIrus Research (LAMOVI), Pereira, Risaralda, Colombia.
- Master of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Universidad Científica del Sur, Lima, Perú.
- Faculty of Medicine, Institución Universitaria Visión de las Américas, Pereira, Risaralda, Colombia.
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22
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Rising Concern of Monkeypox as a Viral Zoonosis After COVID-19 Era. ARCHIVES OF CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES 2022. [DOI: 10.5812/archcid-129809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Kleebayoon A, Wiwanitkit V. Bibliometric analysis of monkeypox: need for more research papers from Africa. New Microbes New Infect 2022; 48:101020. [PMID: 36176537 PMCID: PMC9513811 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmni.2022.101020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- A. Kleebayoon
- Private Academic Consultant, Samroang, Cambodia
- Corresponding author. Amnuay Kleebayoon, Private Academic Consultant, Samroang, Cambodia
| | - V. Wiwanitkit
- Joseph Ayobaalola University, Ikeji-Arakeji, Nigeria
- Dr DY Patil University, Pune, India
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Nis, Serbia
- Parasitic Disease Research Center, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand
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Li C, Zhu X, Zhang Y, Zhang J, Jeon CO, Jia B. COVID-19 influences both physical and mental health: Lessons from bibliometric analysis. Travel Med Infect Dis 2022; 49:102405. [PMID: 35917914 PMCID: PMC9338833 DOI: 10.1016/j.tmaid.2022.102405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chenqinyao Li
- School of Bioengineering, State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoling Zhu
- Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun Zhang
- Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250103, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Zhang
- School of Bioengineering, State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, People's Republic of China.
| | - Che Ok Jeon
- Department of Life Science, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 06974, Republic of Korea.
| | - Baolei Jia
- Department of Life Science, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 06974, Republic of Korea.
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Ortiz-Martínez Y, Galvis-Cataño LM, Arias-Rodríguez D, Romero-Dager C, Bonilla-Aldana DK, Rodriguez-Morales AJ. YouTube and 2022 Monkeypox outbreak: opportunities for awareness and infection control. J Hosp Infect 2022:S0195-6701(22)00226-2. [PMID: 35835284 PMCID: PMC9533951 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhin.2022.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yeimer Ortiz-Martínez
- Department of Internal Medicine, Universidad Industrial de Santander, Bucaramanga, Colombia; Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad de Sucre, Sincelejo, Colombia.
| | | | | | | | - D Katterine Bonilla-Aldana
- Faculty of Medicine, Institución Universitaria Visión de las Américas, Pereira, Risaralda, Colombia; Master of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Universidad Cientifica del Sur, Lima, Peru; School of Medicine, Universidad Privada Franz Tamayo, Cochabamba, Bolivia
| | - Alfonso J Rodriguez-Morales
- Faculty of Medicine, Institución Universitaria Visión de las Américas, Pereira, Risaralda, Colombia; Grupo de Investigación Biomedicina, Faculty of Medicine, Fundación Universitaria Autónoma de las Américas, Pereira, Risaralda, Colombia; Master of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Universidad Cientifica del Sur, Lima, Peru; School of Medicine, Universidad Privada Franz Tamayo, Cochabamba, Bolivia
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Ortiz-Martínez Y, Rodríguez-Morales AJ, Franco-Paredes C, Chastain DB, Gharamti AA, Vargas Barahona L, Henao-Martínez AF. Monkeypox - a description of the clinical progression of skin lesions: a case report from Colorado, USA. Ther Adv Infect Dis 2022; 9:20499361221117726. [PMID: 35910397 PMCID: PMC9335484 DOI: 10.1177/20499361221117726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A rapidly emerging global outbreak of monkeypox virus infection (MPXV) in over 50 non-endemic countries was identified in May 2022. We report the case and images of a patient with MPXV presenting with genital lesions later complicated by superimposed cellulitis in Colorado, USA. MPXV lesions are susceptible to bacterial superinfection, and with the advent of new cases, the early identification of skin lesions and their evolution during MPXV are imperative for treating clinicians. Clinicians should consider MPXV in differential diagnoses of sexually transmitted diseases presenting with genital lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeimer Ortiz-Martínez
- Department of Internal Medicine, Universidad Industrial de Santander, Bucaramanga, Colombia
| | - Alfonso J. Rodríguez-Morales
- Grupo de Investigación Biomedicina, Faculty of Medicine, Fundación Universitaria Autónoma de las Américas, Pereira, Colombia
- Master of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Universidad Cientifica del Sur, Lima, Peru
| | | | - Daniel B. Chastain
- Department of Clinical and Administrative Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, University of Georgia, Albany, GA, USA
| | - Amal A. Gharamti
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University, Waterbury, CT, USA
| | - Lilian Vargas Barahona
- Division of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Andrés F. Henao-Martínez
- Division of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, 12700 E. 19th Avenue, Mail Stop B168, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
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