1
|
Lafferty RA, Flatt PR, Irwin N. NPYR modulation: Potential for the next major advance in obesity and type 2 diabetes management? Peptides 2024; 179:171256. [PMID: 38825012 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2024.171256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
The approval of the glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) mimetics semaglutide and liraglutide for management of obesity, independent of type 2 diabetes (T2DM), has initiated a resurgence of interest in gut-hormone derived peptide therapies for the management of metabolic diseases, but side-effect profile is a concern for these medicines. However, the recent approval of tirzepatide for obesity and T2DM, a glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP), GLP-1 receptor co-agonist peptide therapy, may provide a somewhat more tolerable option. Despite this, an increasing number of non-incretin alternative peptides are in development for obesity, and it stands to reason that other hormones will take to the limelight in the coming years, such as peptides from the neuropeptide Y family. This narrative review outlines the therapeutic promise of the neuropeptide Y family of peptides, comprising of the 36 amino acid polypeptides neuropeptide Y (NPY), peptide tyrosine-tyrosine (PYY) and pancreatic polypeptide (PP), as well as their derivatives. This family of peptides exerts a number of metabolically relevant effects such as appetite regulation and can influence pancreatic beta-cell survival. Although some of these actions still require full translation to the human setting, potential therapeutic application in obesity and type 2 diabetes is conceivable. However, like GLP-1 and GIP, the endogenous NPY, PYY and PP peptide forms are subject to rapid in vivo degradation and inactivation by the serine peptidase, dipeptidyl-peptidase 4 (DPP-4), and hence require structural modification to prolong circulating half-life. Numerous protective modification strategies are discussed in this regard herein, alongside related impact on biological activity profile and therapeutic promise.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ryan A Lafferty
- Diabetes Research Centre, Ulster University, Coleraine, Northern Ireland BT52 1SA, UK.
| | - Peter R Flatt
- Diabetes Research Centre, Ulster University, Coleraine, Northern Ireland BT52 1SA, UK
| | - Nigel Irwin
- Diabetes Research Centre, Ulster University, Coleraine, Northern Ireland BT52 1SA, UK
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Maurer J, Eugster PJ, Collins K, Vocat C, Oke J, Nicholson B, Rakauskas A, Grouzmann E, Valerio M. Neuropeptide Y and Derivates Are Not Ready for Prime Time in Prostate Cancer Early Detection. EUR UROL SUPPL 2024; 66:12-15. [PMID: 39027656 PMCID: PMC11254586 DOI: 10.1016/j.euros.2024.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Neuropeptide Y (NPY) and related peptides have been proposed as promising biomarkers for the diagnosis of prostate cancer by previous immunoassays and immunohistochemical studies. In this study, we evaluated the additional value of NPY and related peptides compared with prostate-specific antigen (PSA). We performed a comprehensive analysis of NPY, its precursors, and metabolite concentrations in both plasma and tissue samples from 181 patients using a highly specific liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry method. Compared with PSA, NPY and related peptides (NPYs) were less accurate at diagnosing significant prostate cancer. Combinations of NPYs in a stepwise approach did not improve a model that would be beneficial for patients. NPY may be beneficial for patients presenting with a PSA concentration in the gray area between 4 and 9 ng/ml, but the strength of this conclusion is limited. Thus, the use of NPYs as standalone or in combination with other variables, such as PSA, prostate volume, or age, to improve the diagnosis is not supported by our study. Patient summary This study evaluated neuropeptide Y (NPY) of the family of endogenous peptides as a new biomarker to diagnose prostate cancer. We found that NPY in a patient's blood was not more helpful at diagnosing prostate cancer than the standard prostate-specific antigen blood test. Further research is needed to explore the potential of NPY and related peptides in specific subgroups of patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Maurer
- Service of Clinical Pharmacology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Philippe J. Eugster
- Service of Clinical Pharmacology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Kiana Collins
- Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, Radcliffe Primary Care Building, Radcliffe Observatory Quarter, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Céline Vocat
- Service of Clinical Pharmacology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jason Oke
- Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, Radcliffe Primary Care Building, Radcliffe Observatory Quarter, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Brian Nicholson
- Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, Radcliffe Primary Care Building, Radcliffe Observatory Quarter, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Arnas Rakauskas
- Service of Urology, Department of Surgery, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Eric Grouzmann
- Service of Clinical Pharmacology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Massimo Valerio
- Service of Urology, Department of Surgery, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Service of Urology, Department of Surgery, Geneva University Hospital and University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Schüß C, Behr V, Beck-Sickinger AG. Illuminating the neuropeptide Y 4 receptor and its ligand pancreatic polypeptide from a structural, functional, and therapeutic perspective. Neuropeptides 2024; 105:102416. [PMID: 38430725 DOI: 10.1016/j.npep.2024.102416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
The neuropeptide Y4 receptor (Y4R), a rhodopsin-like G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) and the hormone pancreatic polypeptide (PP) are members of the neuropeptide Y family consisting of four receptors (Y1R, Y2R, Y4R, Y5R) and three highly homologous peptide ligands (neuropeptide Y, peptide YY, PP). In this family, the Y4R is of particular interest as it is the only subtype with high affinity to PP over NPY. The Y4R, as a mediator of PP signaling, has a pivotal role in appetite regulation and energy homeostasis, offering potential avenues for the treatment of metabolic disorders such as obesity. PP as anorexigenic peptide is released postprandial from the pancreas in response to food intake, induces satiety signals and contributes to hamper excessive food intake. Moreover, this system was also described to be associated with different types of cancer: overexpression of Y4R have been found in human adenocarcinoma cells, while elevated levels of PP are related to the development of pancreatic endocrine tumors. The pharmacological relevance of the Y4R advanced the search for potent and selective ligands for this receptor subtype, which will be significantly progressed through the elucidation of the active state PP-Y4R cryo-EM structure. This review summarizes the development of novel PP-derived ligands, like Obinepitide as dual Y2R/Y4R agonist in clinical trials or UR-AK86c as small hexapeptide agonist with picomolar affinity, as well as the first allosteric modulators that selectively target the Y4R, e.g. VU0506013 as potent Y4R positive allosteric modulator or (S)-VU0637120 as allosteric antagonist. Here, we provide valuable insights into the complex physiological functions of the Y4R and PP and the pharmacological relevance of the system in appetite regulation to open up new avenues for the development of tool compounds for targeted therapies with potential applications in metabolic disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Corinna Schüß
- Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Leipzig University, Germany.
| | - Victoria Behr
- Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Leipzig University, Germany
| | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Han Y, Xia G, Harris L, Liu P, Guan D, Wu Q. Reversal of Obesity by Enhancing Slow-wave Sleep via a Prokineticin Receptor Neural Circuit. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.04.30.591948. [PMID: 38746393 PMCID: PMC11092673 DOI: 10.1101/2024.04.30.591948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Obese subjects often exhibit hypersomnia accompanied by severe sleep fragmentation, while emerging evidence suggests that poor sleep quality promotes overeating and exacerbates diet-induced obesity (DIO). However, the neural circuit and signaling mechanism underlying the reciprocal control of appetite and sleep is yet not elucidated. Here, we report a neural circuit where prokineticin receptor 2 (PROKR2)-expressing neurons within the parabrachial nucleus (PBN) of the brainstem received direct projections from neuropeptide Y receptor Y2 (NPY2R)-expressing neurons within the lateral preoptic area (LPO) of the hypothalamus. The RNA-Seq results revealed Prokr2 in the PBN is the most regulated GPCR signaling gene that is responsible for comorbidity of obesity and sleep dysfunction. Furthermore, those NPY2R LPO neurons are minimally active during NREM sleep and maximally active during wakefulness and REM sleep. Activation of the NPY2R LPO →PBN circuit or the postsynaptic PROKR2 PBN neurons suppressed feeding of a high-fat diet and abrogated morbid sleep patterns in DIO mice. Further studies showed that genetic ablation of the PROKR2 signaling within PROKR2 PBN neurons alleviated the hyperphagia and weight gain, and restored sleep dysfunction in DIO mice. We further discovered pterostilbene, a plant-derived stilbenoid, is a powerful anti-obesity and sleep-improving agent, robustly suppressed hyperphagia and promoted reconstruction of a healthier sleep architecture, thereby leading to significant weight loss. Collectively, our results unveil a neural mechanism for the reciprocal control of appetite and sleep, through which pterostilbene, along with a class of similarly structured compounds, may be developed as effective therapeutics for tackling obesity and sleep disorders.
Collapse
|
5
|
Kumari R, Pascalau R, Wang H, Bajpayi S, Yurgel M, Quansah K, Hattar S, Tampakakis E, Kuruvilla R. Sympathetic NPY controls glucose homeostasis, cold tolerance, and cardiovascular functions in mice. Cell Rep 2024; 43:113674. [PMID: 38236776 PMCID: PMC10951981 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.113674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/01/2024] [Indexed: 01/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Neuropeptide Y (NPY) is best known for its effects in the brain as an orexigenic and anxiolytic agent and in reducing energy expenditure. NPY is also co-expressed with norepinephrine (NE) in sympathetic neurons. Although NPY is generally considered to modulate noradrenergic responses, its specific roles in autonomic physiology remain under-appreciated. Here, we show that sympathetic-derived NPY is essential for metabolic and cardiovascular regulation in mice. NPY and NE are co-expressed in 90% of prevertebral sympathetic neurons and only 43% of paravertebral neurons. NPY-expressing neurons primarily innervate blood vessels in peripheral organs. Sympathetic-specific NPY deletion elicits pronounced metabolic and cardiovascular defects in mice, including reductions in insulin secretion, glucose tolerance, cold tolerance, and pupil size and elevated heart rate, while notably, however, basal blood pressure was unchanged. These findings provide insight into target tissue-specific functions of NPY derived from sympathetic neurons and imply its potential involvement in metabolic and cardiovascular diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Raniki Kumari
- Department of Biology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Raluca Pascalau
- Department of Biology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Hui Wang
- Section on Light and Circadian Rhythms, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Sheetal Bajpayi
- Division of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Maria Yurgel
- Section on Light and Circadian Rhythms, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Kwaku Quansah
- Department of Biology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA; Division of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Samer Hattar
- Section on Light and Circadian Rhythms, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Emmanouil Tampakakis
- Division of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Rejji Kuruvilla
- Department of Biology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Bale R, Doshi G. Cross talk about the role of Neuropeptide Y in CNS disorders and diseases. Neuropeptides 2023; 102:102388. [PMID: 37918268 DOI: 10.1016/j.npep.2023.102388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
A peptide composed of a 36 amino acid called Neuropeptide Y (NPY) is employed in a variety of physiological processes to manage and treat conditions affecting the endocrine, circulatory, respiratory, digestive, and neurological systems. NPY naturally binds to G-protein coupled receptors, activating the Y-receptors (Y1-Y5 and y6). The findings on numerous therapeutic applications of NPY for CNS disease are presented in this review by the authors. New targets for treating diseases will be revealed by medication combinations that target NPY and its receptors. This review is mainly focused on disorders such as anxiety, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, Machado Joseph disease, multiple sclerosis, schizophrenia, depression, migraine, alcohol use disorder, and substance use disorder. The findings from the preclinical studies and clinical studies covered in this article may help create efficient therapeutic plans to treat neurological conditions on the one hand and psychiatric disorders on the other. They may also open the door to the creation of novel NPY receptor ligands as medications to treat these conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rajeshwari Bale
- Department of Pharmacology, SVKM's Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, V L M Road, Vile Parle (w), Mumbai 400056, India
| | - Gaurav Doshi
- Department of Pharmacology, SVKM's Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, V L M Road, Vile Parle (w), Mumbai 400056, India.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Chen WH, Shi YC, Huang QY, Chen JM, Wang ZY, Lin S, Shi QY. Potential for NPY receptor-related therapies for polycystic ovary syndrome: an updated review. Hormones (Athens) 2023; 22:441-451. [PMID: 37452264 PMCID: PMC10449684 DOI: 10.1007/s42000-023-00460-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a complex endocrine disease that can cause female infertility and bring economic burden to families and to society. The clinical and/or biochemical manifestations include hyperandrogenism, persistent anovulation, and polycystic ovarian changes, often accompanied by insulin resistance and obesity. Although its pathogenesis is unclear, PCOS involves the abnormal regulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis and the abnormal activation of GnRH neurons. Neuropeptide Y (NPY) is widely distributed in the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus and functions as the physiological integrator of two neuroendocrine systems, one governing feeding and the other controlling reproduction. In recent years, an increasing number of studies have focused on the improvement of the reproductive and metabolic status of PCOS through the therapeutic application of NPY and its receptors. In this review, we summarize the central and peripheral regulation of NPY and its receptors in the development of PCOS and discuss the potential for NPY receptor-related therapies for PCOS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Hong Chen
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, No.34 North Zhongshan Road, Quanzhou, 362000, Fujian Province, China
| | - Yan-Chuan Shi
- Centre of Neurological and Metabolic Research, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, No.34 North Zhongshan Road, Quanzhou, 362000, Fujian Province, China
- Diabetes and Metabolism Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, 384 Victoria Street, Darlinghurst, Sydney, NSW, 2010, Australia
| | - Qiao-Yi Huang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, No.34 North Zhongshan Road, Quanzhou, 362000, Fujian Province, China
| | - Jia-Ming Chen
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, No.34 North Zhongshan Road, Quanzhou, 362000, Fujian Province, China
| | - Zhi-Yi Wang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, No.34 North Zhongshan Road, Quanzhou, 362000, Fujian Province, China
| | - Shu Lin
- Centre of Neurological and Metabolic Research, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, No.34 North Zhongshan Road, Quanzhou, 362000, Fujian Province, China.
- Diabetes and Metabolism Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, 384 Victoria Street, Darlinghurst, Sydney, NSW, 2010, Australia.
| | - Qi-Yang Shi
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, No.34 North Zhongshan Road, Quanzhou, 362000, Fujian Province, China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Sigorski D, Wesołowski W, Gruszecka A, Gulczyński J, Zieliński P, Misiukiewicz S, Kitlińska J, Iżycka-Świeszewska E. Neuropeptide Y and its receptors in prostate cancer: associations with cancer invasiveness and perineural spread. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2023; 149:5803-5822. [PMID: 36583743 PMCID: PMC10356636 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-022-04540-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Neuropeptide Y (NPY) is a pleiotropic peptide, which is involved in many biological mechanisms important in regulation of cell growth and survival. The aim of this study was a comprehensive analysis of the NPY system in prostate pathology. METHODS The study was based on immunohistochemical analysis of NPY and its receptors, Y1R, Y2R and Y5R, in tissue samples from benign prostate (BP), primary prostate cancer (PCa) and PCa bone metastases. Tissue microarray (TMA) technique was employed, with analysis of multiple cores from each specimen. Intensity of the immunoreactivity and expression index (EI), as well as distribution of the immunostaining in neoplastic cells and stromal elements were evaluated. Perineural invasion (PNI) and extraprostatic extension (EPE) were areas of special interests. Moreover, a transwell migration assay on the LNCaP PCa cell line was used to assess the chemotactic properties of NPY. RESULTS Morphological analysis revealed homogeneous membrane and cytoplasmic pattern of NPY staining in cancer cells and its membrane localization with apical accentuation in BP glands. All elements of the NPY system were upregulated in pre-invasive prostate intraepithelial neoplasia, PCa and metastases. EI and staining intensity of NPY receptors were significantly higher in PCa then in BP with correlation between Y2R and Y5R. The strength of expression of the NPY system was further increased in the PNI and EPE areas. In bone metastases, Y1R and Y5R presented high expression scores. CONCLUSION The results of our study suggest that the NPY system is involved in PCa, starting from early stages of its development to disseminated states of the disease, and participates in the invasion of PCa into the auto and paracrine matter.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dawid Sigorski
- Department of Oncology, Collegium Medicum, University of Warmia and Mazury, 10-228, Olsztyn, Poland
- Department of Oncology and Immuno-Oncology, Warmian-Masurian Cancer Center of the Ministry of the Interior and Administration Hospital, 10-228, Olsztyn, Poland
| | | | - Agnieszka Gruszecka
- Department of Radiology Informatics and Statistics, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-210, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Jacek Gulczyński
- Department of Pathology and Neuropathology, Medical University of Gdańsk, 80-210, Gdańsk, Poland
- Department of Pathomorphology, Copernicus Hospital, 80-803, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Piotr Zieliński
- Division of Tropical and Parasitic Diseases, University Center of Maritime and Tropical Medicine, 81-519, Gdynia, Poland
| | - Sara Misiukiewicz
- Human Science Department, School of Nursing and Health Studies, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Joanna Kitlińska
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Cellular Biology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, 20057, USA.
| | - Ewa Iżycka-Świeszewska
- Department of Pathology and Neuropathology, Medical University of Gdańsk, 80-210, Gdańsk, Poland.
- Department of Pathomorphology, Copernicus Hospital, 80-803, Gdańsk, Poland.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Kumari R, Pascalau R, Wang H, Bajpayi S, Yurgel M, Quansah K, Hattar S, Tampakakis E, Kuruvilla R. Sympathetic NPY controls glucose homeostasis, cold tolerance, and cardiovascular functions in mice. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.07.24.550381. [PMID: 37546870 PMCID: PMC10402010 DOI: 10.1101/2023.07.24.550381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
Neuropeptide Y (NPY) is best known for its effects in the brain as an orexigenic and anxiolytic agent and in reducing energy expenditure. NPY is also co-expressed with Norepinephrine (NE) in sympathetic neurons. Although NPY is generally considered to modulate noradrenergic responses, its specific roles in autonomic physiology remain under-appreciated. Here, we show that sympathetic-derived NPY is essential for metabolic and cardiovascular regulation in mice. NPY and NE are co-expressed in 90% of prevertebral sympathetic neurons and only 43% of paravertebral neurons. NPY-expressing neurons primarily innervate blood vessels in peripheral organs. Sympathetic-specific deletion of NPY elicits pronounced metabolic and cardiovascular defects in mice, including reductions in insulin secretion, glucose tolerance, cold tolerance, pupil size, and an elevation in heart rate, while notably, however, basal blood pressure was unchanged. These findings provide new knowledge about target tissue-specific functions of NPY derived from sympathetic neurons and imply its potential involvement in metabolic and cardiovascular diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Raniki Kumari
- Department of Biology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, 21218, USA
| | - Raluca Pascalau
- Department of Biology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, 21218, USA
| | - Hui Wang
- Section on Light and Circadian Rhythms, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, 20892, USA
| | - Sheetal Bajpayi
- Division of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, 21205, USA
| | - Maria Yurgel
- Section on Light and Circadian Rhythms, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, 20892, USA
| | - Kwaku Quansah
- Department of Biology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, 21218, USA
- Division of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, 21205, USA
| | - Samer Hattar
- Section on Light and Circadian Rhythms, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, 20892, USA
| | - Emmanouil Tampakakis
- Division of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, 21205, USA
| | - Rejji Kuruvilla
- Department of Biology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, 21218, USA
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Christensen EK, Konomi-Pilkati A, Rombach J, Comaposada-Baro R, Wang H, Li Y, Sørensen AT. Detection of endogenous NPY release determined by novel GRAB sensor in cultured cortical neurons. Front Cell Neurosci 2023; 17:1221147. [PMID: 37545877 PMCID: PMC10399118 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2023.1221147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuropeptide Y (NPY) is an abundantly expressed peptide in the nervous system. Its widespread distribution along with its receptors, both centrally and peripherally, indicates its broad functions in numerous biological processes. However, the low endogenous concentration and diffuse distribution of NPY make it challenging to study its actions and dynamics directly and comprehensively. Studies on the role of NPY have primarily been limited to exogenous application, transgene expression, or knock-out in biological systems, which are often combined with pharmacological probes to delineate the involvement of specific NPY receptors. Therefore, to better understand the function of NPY in time and space, direct visualization of the real-time dynamics of endogenous NPY is a valuable and desired tool. Using the first-generation and newly developed intensiometric green fluorescent G-protein-coupled NPY sensor (GRAB NPY1.0), we, for the first time, demonstrate and characterize the direct detection of endogenously released NPY in cultured cortical neurons. A dose-dependent fluorescent signal was observed upon exogenous NPY application in nearly all recorded neurons. Pharmacologically evoked neuronal activity induced a significant increase in fluorescent signal in 32% of neurons, reflecting the release of NPY, despite only 3% of all neurons containing NPY. The remaining pool of neurons expressing the sensor were either non-responsive or displayed a notable decline in the fluorescent signal. Such decline in fluorescent signal was not rescued in cortical cultures transduced with an NPY overexpression vector, where 88% of the neurons were NPY-positive. Overexpression of NPY did, however, result in sensor signals that were more readily distinguishable. This may suggest that biological factors, such as subtle changes in intracellular pH, could interfere with the fluorescent signal, and thereby underestimate the release of endogenous NPY when using this new sensor in its present configuration. However, the development of next-generation NPY GRAB sensor technology is expected soon, and will eventually enable much-wanted studies on endogenous NPY release dynamics in both cultured and intact biological systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emma Kragelund Christensen
- Molecular Neuropharmacology and Genetics Laboratory, Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ainoa Konomi-Pilkati
- Molecular Neuropharmacology and Genetics Laboratory, Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Joscha Rombach
- Molecular Neuropharmacology and Genetics Laboratory, Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Raquel Comaposada-Baro
- Molecular Neuropharmacology and Genetics Laboratory, Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Huan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Peking University School of Life Sciences, Beijing, China
- PKU-IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing, China
| | - Yulong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Peking University School of Life Sciences, Beijing, China
- PKU-IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing, China
| | - Andreas Toft Sørensen
- Molecular Neuropharmacology and Genetics Laboratory, Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Jin R, Sun S, Hu Y, Zhang H, Sun X. Neuropeptides Modulate Feeding via the Dopamine Reward Pathway. Neurochem Res 2023:10.1007/s11064-023-03954-4. [PMID: 37233918 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-023-03954-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2023] [Revised: 05/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Dopamine (DA) is a catecholamine neurotransmitter widely distributed in the central nervous system. It participates in various physiological functions, such as feeding, anxiety, fear, sleeping and arousal. The regulation of feeding is exceptionally complex, involving energy homeostasis and reward motivation. The reward system comprises the ventral tegmental area (VTA), nucleus accumbens (NAc), hypothalamus, and limbic system. This paper illustrates the detailed mechanisms of eight typical orexigenic and anorexic neuropeptides that regulate food intake through the reward system. According to recent literature, neuropeptides released from the hypothalamus and other brain regions regulate reward feeding predominantly through dopaminergic neurons projecting from the VTA to the NAc. In addition, their effect on the dopaminergic system is mediated by the prefrontal cortex, paraventricular thalamus, laterodorsal tegmental area, amygdala, and complex neural circuits. Research on neuropeptides involved in reward feeding can help identify more targets to treat diseases with metabolic disorders, such as obesity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruijie Jin
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Shanbin Sun
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yang Hu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Hongfei Zhang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiangrong Sun
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Qi Y, Lee NJ, Ip CK, Enriquez R, Tasan R, Zhang L, Herzog H. Agrp-negative arcuate NPY neurons drive feeding under positive energy balance via altering leptin responsiveness in POMC neurons. Cell Metab 2023:S1550-4131(23)00177-8. [PMID: 37201523 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2023.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Neuropeptide Y (NPY) in the arcuate nucleus (ARC) is known as one of the most critical regulators of feeding. However, how NPY promotes feeding under obese conditions is unclear. Here, we show that positive energy balance, induced by high-fat diet (HFD) or in genetically obese leptin-receptor-deficient mice, leads to elevated Npy2r expression especially on proopiomelanocortin (POMC) neurons, which also alters leptin responsiveness. Circuit mapping identified a subset of ARC agouti-related peptide (Agrp)-negative NPY neurons that control these Npy2r expressing POMC neurons. Chemogenetic activation of this newly discovered circuitry strongly drives feeding, while optogenetic inhibition reduces feeding. Consistent with that, lack of Npy2r on POMC neurons leads to reduced food intake and fat mass. This suggests that under energy surplus conditions, when ARC NPY levels generally drop, high-affinity NPY2R on POMC neurons is still able to drive food intake and enhance obesity development via NPY released predominantly from Agrp-negative NPY neurons.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yue Qi
- Neuroscience Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, St Vincent's Hospital, Darlinghurst, NSW 2010, Australia; St Vincent's Clinical School, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Nicola J Lee
- Neuroscience Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, St Vincent's Hospital, Darlinghurst, NSW 2010, Australia; St Vincent's Clinical School, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Chi Kin Ip
- Neuroscience Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, St Vincent's Hospital, Darlinghurst, NSW 2010, Australia; St Vincent's Clinical School, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Ronaldo Enriquez
- Neuroscience Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, St Vincent's Hospital, Darlinghurst, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Ramon Tasan
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Lei Zhang
- Neuroscience Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, St Vincent's Hospital, Darlinghurst, NSW 2010, Australia; St Vincent's Clinical School, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
| | - Herbert Herzog
- Neuroscience Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, St Vincent's Hospital, Darlinghurst, NSW 2010, Australia; St Vincent's Clinical School, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Assefa F. The role of sensory and sympathetic nerves in craniofacial bone regeneration. Neuropeptides 2023; 99:102328. [PMID: 36827755 DOI: 10.1016/j.npep.2023.102328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
Abstract
Multiple factors regulate the regeneration of craniofacial bone defects. The nervous system is recognized as one of the critical regulators of bone mass, thereby suggesting a role for neuronal pathways in bone regeneration. However, in the context of craniofacial bone regeneration, little is known about the interplay between the nervous system and craniofacial bone. Sensory and sympathetic nerves interact with the bone through their neuropeptides, neurotransmitters, proteins, peptides, and amino acid derivates. The neuron-derived factors, such as semaphorin 3A (SEMA3A), substance P (SP), calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), neuropeptide Y (NPY), and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), possess a remarkable role in craniofacial regeneration. This review summarizes the roles of these factors and recently published factors such as secretoneurin (SN) and spexin (SPX) in the osteoblast and osteoclast differentiation, bone metabolism, growth, remodeling and discusses the novel application of nerve-based craniofacial bone regeneration. Moreover, the review will facilitate understanding the mechanism of action and provide potential treatment direction for the craniofacial bone defect.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Freshet Assefa
- Department of Biochemistry, Collage of Medicine and Health Sciences, Hawassa University, P.O.Box 1560, Hawassa, Ethiopia.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Carney AE, Clarke C, Pratt WE. Administration of neuropeptide Y into the rat nucleus accumbens shell, but not core, attenuates the motivational impairment from systemic dopamine receptor antagonism by α-flupenthixol. Neurosci Lett 2023; 797:137069. [PMID: 36641044 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2023.137069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Previous research has demonstrated that dopamine and Neuropeptide Y (NPY) promote motivated behavior, and there is evidence to suggest that they interact within neural circuitry involved in motivation. NPY and dopamine both modulate appetitive motivation towards food through direct actions in the nucleus accumbens (NAc), although how they interact in this region to promote motivation is presently unclear. In this study, we sought to further elucidate the relationship between NAc NPY and dopamine and their effects on motivated behavior. Specifically, we examined whether NAc injections of NPY might reverse behavioral deficits caused by reduced dopamine signaling due to systemic dopamine receptor antagonism. Appetitive motivation was measured using a progressive ratio-2 paradigm. Male Sprague Dawley rats were treated with systemic injections of the dopamine antagonist, α-flupenthixol or a saline vehicle. Two hours following injections, they were administered infusions of NPY (at 0, 156, or 235 pmol) into either the NAc shell (n = 12) or the NAc core (n = 10) and were placed in operant chambers. In both groups, α-flupenthixol impaired performance on the PR-2 task. NPY receptor stimulation of the NAc shell significantly increased both breakpoint and active lever presses during the PR-2 task, and dose-dependently increased responding following systemic dopamine receptor blockade. NPY did not affect appetitive motivation when injected into the NAc core. These data demonstrate that NPY in the NAc shell can improve motivational impairments that result from dopamine antagonism, and that these effects are site specific. These results also suggest that upregulation of NPY in neurodegenerative diseases may possibly buffer early motivational deficits caused by dopamine depletion in Parkinson's and Huntington's disease patients, both of which show increased NPY expression after disease onset.
Collapse
|
15
|
Kang H, Park C, Choi YK, Bae J, Kwon S, Kim J, Choi C, Seok C, Im W, Choi HJ. Structural basis for Y2 receptor-mediated neuropeptide Y and peptide YY signaling. Structure 2023; 31:44-57.e6. [PMID: 36525977 DOI: 10.1016/j.str.2022.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Neuropeptide Y (NPY) and its receptors are expressed in various human tissues including the brain where they regulate appetite and emotion. Upon NPY stimulation, the neuropeptide Y1 and Y2 receptors (Y1R and Y2R, respectively) activate GI signaling, but their physiological responses to food intake are different. In addition, deletion of the two N-terminal amino acids of peptide YY (PYY(3-36)), the endogenous form found in circulation, can stimulate Y2R but not Y1R, suggesting that Y1R and Y2R may have distinct ligand-binding modes. Here, we report the cryo-electron microscopy structures of the PYY(3-36)‒Y2R‒Gi and NPY‒Y2R‒Gi complexes. Using cell-based assays, molecular dynamics simulations, and structural analysis, we revealed the molecular basis of the exclusive binding of PYY(3-36) to Y2R. Furthermore, we demonstrated that Y2R favors G protein signaling over β-arrestin signaling upon activation, whereas Y1R does not show a preference between these two pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hyunook Kang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Chaehee Park
- Department of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeol Kyo Choi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA 18015, USA
| | - Jungnam Bae
- Department of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Sohee Kwon
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinuk Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Chulwon Choi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Chaok Seok
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Wonpil Im
- Department of Biological Sciences, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA 18015, USA
| | - Hee-Jung Choi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Li F, Xie W, Chen Z, Zhou Z, Wang Z, Xiao J, Li Z. Neuropeptide Y and receptors are associated with the pyroptosis of nucleus pulposus in aging and degenerative intervertebral discs of rats. Neuropeptides 2022; 96:102284. [PMID: 36027700 DOI: 10.1016/j.npep.2022.102284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The neuropeptide Y(NPY) mediates bone metabolism and the degradation of cartilage in the peripheral nervous system. However, its role in the intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) is less clear and warrant further study. The process of IDD has always been accompanied by inflammatory response and pyroptosis of nucleus pulposus cells (NPCs). The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between NPY, Y1R, Y2R and pyroptosis in aging and degenerative discs and the direct effect of NPY on NPCs. First, we have assessed NPY, Y1R, Y2R and the expression of pyroptosis related protein in the immature (6 weeks), mature (16 weeks), aged (54 weeks), and degenerated discs. As part of our studies, we also have evaluated pyroptotic changes in the NPCs, induced by exposure to NPY. Our results suggested that compared with natural aging discs, the degenerative discs showed the high expression of NPY, Y1R and Y2R. Correlation analysis showed that the level of NPY and Y1R in degenerative discs were positively correlated with GSDMD, whereas there was no significant correlation between Y2R and GSDMD. In vitro, NPY treatment stimulated the activation of caspase-1-dependent pyroptosis of NPCs. However, Y1R antagonist inhibited NPY-induced pyroptosis of NPCs. Western blot confirmed that Y1R antagonist decreased the level of cleaved.GSDMD and caspase-1 in NPCs. In conclusion, our results indicated that compared with natural aging discs, the degenerated discs showed the high expression of NPY, Y1R and Y2R. NPY-Y1R involve the IDD development by the regulation of pyroptosis in the NPCs. Regulating the function of NPY may be a promising strategy for IDD treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fan Li
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Weixin Xie
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Zhijie Chen
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Zhi Zhou
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Zhenwei Wang
- Department of clinical laboratory, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Jie Xiao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200127, China.
| | - Zhanchun Li
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200127, China.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Smith NK, Kondev V, Hunt TR, Grueter BA. Neuropeptide Y modulates excitatory synaptic transmission and promotes social behavior in the mouse nucleus accumbens. Neuropharmacology 2022; 217:109201. [PMID: 35917875 PMCID: PMC9836361 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2022.109201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Social interactions define the human experience, but these integral behaviors are disrupted in many psychiatric disorders. Social behaviors have evolved over millennia, and neuromodulatory systems that promote social behavior in invertebrates are also present in mammalian brains. One such conserved neuromodulator, neuropeptide Y (NPY), acts through several receptors including the Y1r, Y2r, and Y5r. These receptors are present in brain regions that control social behavior, including the nucleus accumbens (NAc). However, whether NPY modulates NAc neurotransmission is unknown. Using whole-cell patch-clamp electrophysiology of NAc neurons, we find that multiple NPY receptors regulate excitatory synaptic transmission in a cell-type specific manner. At excitatory synapses onto D1+ MSNs, Y1r activity enhances transmission while Y2r suppresses transmission. At excitatory synapses onto D1- MSNs, Y5r activity enhances transmission while Y2r suppresses transmission. Directly infusing NPY or the Y1r agonist [Leu31, Pro34]-NPY into the NAc significantly increases social interaction with an unfamiliar conspecific. Inhibition of an enzyme that breaks down NPY, dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP-IV), shifts the effect of NPY on D1+ MSNs to a Y1r dominated phenotype. Together, these results increase our understanding of how NPY regulates neurotransmission in the NAc and identify a novel mechanism underlying the control of social behavior. Further, they reveal a potential strategy to shift NPY signaling for therapeutic gain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas K. Smith
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, Vanderbilt University; Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Veronika Kondev
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, Vanderbilt University; Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Thomas R. Hunt
- College of Arts and Sciences, Vanderbilt University; Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Brad A. Grueter
- Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University; Nashville, TN 37232, USA,Department of Anesthesiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center; Nashville, TN 37232, USA,Vanderbilt Center for Addiction Research, Vanderbilt University; Nashville, TN 37232, USA,Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University; Nashville, TN 37232, USA,Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University; Nashville, TN, 37232, USA,Corresponding author. 1161 21st Avenue South * T4202-MCN Nashville, TN, 37232-2520, USA, (B.A. Grueter)
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Greene ES, Abdelli N, Dridi JS, Dridi S. Avian Neuropeptide Y: Beyond Feed Intake Regulation. Vet Sci 2022; 9:171. [PMID: 35448669 PMCID: PMC9028514 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci9040171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuropeptide Y (NPY) is one of the most abundant and ubiquitously expressed neuropeptides in both the central and peripheral nervous systems, and its regulatory effects on feed intake and appetite- have been extensively studied in a wide variety of animals, including mammalian and non-mammalian species. Indeed, NPY has been shown to be involved in the regulation of feed intake and energy homeostasis by exerting stimulatory effects on appetite and feeding behavior in several species including chickens, rabbits, rats and mouse. More recent studies have shown that this neuropeptide and its receptors are expressed in various peripheral tissues, including the thyroid, heart, spleen, adrenal glands, white adipose tissue, muscle and bone. Although well researched centrally, studies investigating the distribution and function of peripherally expressed NPY in avian (non-mammalian vertebrates) species are very limited. Thus, peripherally expressed NPY merits more consideration and further in-depth exploration to fully elucidate its functions, especially in non-mammalian species. The aim of the current review is to provide an integrated synopsis of both centrally and peripherally expressed NPY, with a special focus on the distribution and function of the latter.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth S. Greene
- Department of Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA; (E.S.G.); (N.A.)
| | - Nedra Abdelli
- Department of Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA; (E.S.G.); (N.A.)
- Animal Nutrition and Welfare Service, Department of Animal and Food Sciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Jalila S. Dridi
- École Universitaire de Kinésithérapie, Université d’Orléans, Rue de Chartres, 45100 Orleans, France;
| | - Sami Dridi
- Department of Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA; (E.S.G.); (N.A.)
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Zhang C, Lin Y, Wu Q, Yan C, Wong MW, Zeng F, Zhu P, Bowes K, Lee K, Zhang X, Song Z, Lin S, Shi Y. Arcuate NPY is involved in salt‐induced hypertension via modulation of paraventricular vasopressin and brain‐derived neurotrophic factor. J Cell Physiol 2022; 237:2574-2588. [PMID: 35312067 PMCID: PMC9544553 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Chronic high salt intake is one of the leading causes of hypertension. Salt activates the release of the key neurotransmitters in the hypothalamus such as vasopressin to increase blood pressure, and neuropepetide Y (NPY) has been implicated in the modulation of vasopressin levels. NPY in the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus (Arc) is best known for its control in appetite and energy homeostasis, but it is unclear whether it is also involved in the development of salt‐induced hypertension. Here, we demonstrate that wild‐type mice given 2% NaCl salt water for 8 weeks developed hypertension which was associated with marked downregulation of NPY expression in the hypothalamic Arc as demonstrated in NPY‐GFP reporter mice as well as by in situ hybridization analysis. Furthermore, salt intake activates neurons in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN) where mRNA expression of brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and vasopressin was found to be upregulated, leading to elevated serum vasopressin levels. This finding suggests an inverse correlation between the Arc NPY level and expression of vasopressin and BDNF in the PVN. Specific restoration of NPY by injecting AAV‐Cre recombinase into the Arc only of the NPY‐targeted mutant mice carrying a loxP‐flanked STOP cassette reversed effects of salt intake on vasopressin and BDNF expression, leading to a normalization of salt‐dependent blood pressure. In summary, our study uncovers an important Arc NPY‐originated neuronal circuitry that could sense and respond to peripheral electrolyte signals and thereby regulate hypertension via vasopressin and BDNF in the PVN.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chen‐Liang Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Southwest Hospital Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University) Chongqing China
| | - Yi‐Zhang Lin
- Department of Cardiology, Southwest Hospital Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University) Chongqing China
| | - Qi Wu
- Group of Neuroendocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism Division Garvan Institute of Medical Research Sydney New South Wales Australia
- The Second Affiliated Hospital Fujian Medical University Quanzhou China
| | - Chenxu Yan
- Group of Neuroendocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism Division Garvan Institute of Medical Research Sydney New South Wales Australia
- The Second Affiliated Hospital Fujian Medical University Quanzhou China
| | - Matthew Wai‐Kin Wong
- Group of Neuroendocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism Division Garvan Institute of Medical Research Sydney New South Wales Australia
| | - Fan Zeng
- Department of Cardiology, Southwest Hospital Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University) Chongqing China
| | - Ping Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, Southwest Hospital Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University) Chongqing China
| | - Kelsey Bowes
- Group of Neuroendocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism Division Garvan Institute of Medical Research Sydney New South Wales Australia
| | - Kailun Lee
- Group of Neuroendocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism Division Garvan Institute of Medical Research Sydney New South Wales Australia
| | - Xuan Zhang
- Group of Neuroendocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism Division Garvan Institute of Medical Research Sydney New South Wales Australia
| | - Zhi‐Yuan Song
- Department of Cardiology, Southwest Hospital Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University) Chongqing China
| | - Shu Lin
- Department of Cardiology, Southwest Hospital Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University) Chongqing China
- Group of Neuroendocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism Division Garvan Institute of Medical Research Sydney New South Wales Australia
- The Second Affiliated Hospital Fujian Medical University Quanzhou China
| | - Yan‐Chuan Shi
- Group of Neuroendocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism Division Garvan Institute of Medical Research Sydney New South Wales Australia
- St Vincent's Clinical School UNSW Sydney Sydney New South Wales Australia
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Neuropeptide Y interaction with dopaminergic and serotonergic pathways: interlinked neurocircuits modulating hedonic eating behaviours. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2022; 113:110449. [PMID: 34592387 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2021.110449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Independent from homeostatic needs, the consumption of foods originating from hyperpalatable diets is defined as hedonic eating. Hedonic eating can be observed in many forms of eating phenotypes, such as compulsive eating and stress-eating, heightening the risk of obesity development. For instance, stress can trigger the consumption of palatable foods as a type of coping strategy, which can become compulsive, particularly when developed as a habit. Although eating for pleasure is observed in multiple maladaptive eating behaviours, the current understanding of the neurobiology underlying hedonic eating remains deficient. Intriguingly, the combined orexigenic, anxiolytic and reward-seeking properties of Neuropeptide Y (NPY) ignited great interest and has positioned NPY as one of the core neuromodulators operating hedonic eating behaviours. While extensive literature exists exploring the homeostatic orexigenic and anxiolytic properties of NPY, the rewarding effects of NPY continue to be investigated. As deduced from a series of behavioural and molecular-based studies, NPY appears to motivate the consumption and enhancement of food-rewards. As a possible mechanism, NPY may modulate reward-associated monoaminergic pathways, such as the dopaminergic and serotoninergic neural networks, to modulate hedonic eating behaviours. Furthermore, potential direct and indirect NPYergic neurocircuitries connecting classical homeostatic and hedonic neuropathways may also exist involving the anti-reward centre the lateral habenula. Therefore, this review investigates the participation of NPY in orchestrating hedonic eating behaviours through the modulation of monoaminergic pathways.
Collapse
|
21
|
Taniguchi A, Oda N, Morichika D, Senoo S, Itano J, Fujii U, Guo L, Sunami R, Kiura K, Maeda Y, Miyahara N. Protective effects of neuropeptide Y against elastase-induced pulmonary emphysema. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2022; 322:L539-L549. [PMID: 35107033 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00353.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuropeptide Y (NPY) is a neuropeptide widely expressed in not only the central nervous system but also immune cells and the respiratory epithelium. Patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) reportedly exhibit decreased NPY expression in the airway epithelium, but the involvement of NPY in the pathophysiology of COPD has not been defined. We investigated the role of NPY in elastase-induced emphysema. NPY-deficient (NPY-/-) mice and wild-type (NPY+/+) mice received intratracheal instillation of porcine pancreas elastase (PPE). The numbers of inflammatory cells and the levels of cytokines and chemokines in the bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid and lung homogenates were determined along with quantitative morphometry of lung sections. Intratracheal instillation of PPE induced emphysematous changes and increased NPY levels in the lungs. Compared with NPY+/+ mice, NPY-/- mice had significantly enhanced PPE-induced emphysematous changes and alveolar enlargement. Neutrophilia seen in BAL flu12id of NPY+/+ mice on day 4 after PPE instillation was also enhanced in NPY-/- mice, and the enhancement was associated with increased levels of neutrophil-related and macrophage-related chemokines and IL-17A as well as increased numbers of type 3 innate lymphoid cells in the airways. Treatment with NPY significantly reduced PPE-induced emphysematous changes. Conversely, treatment with a NPY receptor antagonist exacerbated PPE-induced emphysematous changes. These observations indicate that NPY has protective effects against elastase-induced emphysema, and suggest that targeting NPY in emphysema has potential as a therapeutic strategy for delaying disease progression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Akihiko Taniguchi
- Department of Hematology, Oncology, Allergy and Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan.,Department of Allergy and Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama, Japan
| | - Naohiro Oda
- Department of Hematology, Oncology, Allergy and Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Daisuke Morichika
- Department of Hematology, Oncology, Allergy and Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Satoru Senoo
- Department of Hematology, Oncology, Allergy and Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Junko Itano
- Department of Hematology, Oncology, Allergy and Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Utako Fujii
- Department of Hematology, Oncology, Allergy and Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Lili Guo
- Department of Medical Technology, Okayama University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Ryota Sunami
- Department of Hematology, Oncology, Allergy and Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Katsuyuki Kiura
- Department of Allergy and Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama, Japan
| | - Yoshinobu Maeda
- Department of Hematology, Oncology, Allergy and Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Nobuaki Miyahara
- Department of Allergy and Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama, Japan.,Department of Medical Technology, Okayama University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Effects of Moxonidine Administration on Serum Neuropeptide Y Levels in Hypertensive Individuals: A Prospective Observational Study. ENDOCRINES 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/endocrines3010004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Moxonidine is a centrally acting, anti-hypertensive medication that exerts additional metabolic properties. It is unknown whether its effects are mediated by neurotransmitters or sympathetic tone regulators, including Neuropeptide Y (NPY). In this study, we evaluated the effects of moxonidine administration on serum NPY in humans. Methods: Ninety individuals with mild or moderate arterial hypertension that required monotherapy were categorized in three age and gender-matched groups according to their Body Mass Index (BMI) as normal weight (n = 30), overweight (n = 30), and obese (n = 30). Moxonidine was administered in therapeutic doses of up to 0.6 mg daily for 12 weeks, and clinical, biochemical and hormonal parameters were recorded. Results: In all three groups, a decrease in systolic and diastolic blood pressure and heart rate was shown. After treatment, BMI, 24 h urine catecholamines and catecholamines’ metabolites, and serum total cholesterol were also reduced. Most importantly, we found a decrease in serum NPY levels in all study groups, with the largest mean decrease in the group of obese and overweight participants compared to normal weight. Conclusions: Moxonidine administration results in improvement in cardio-metabolic parameters, as well as a decrease in serum NPY levels, which therefore represents it being a potent agent against obesity-associated hypertension. Its involvement in energy balance regulation warrants further investigation.
Collapse
|
23
|
Extrahypothalamic Control of Energy Balance and Its Connection with Reproduction: Roles of the Amygdala. Metabolites 2021; 11:metabo11120837. [PMID: 34940594 PMCID: PMC8708157 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11120837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Body energy and metabolic homeostasis are exquisitely controlled by multiple, often overlapping regulatory mechanisms, which permit the tight adjustment between fuel reserves, internal needs, and environmental (e.g., nutritional) conditions. As such, this function is sensitive to and closely connected with other relevant bodily systems, including reproduction and gonadal function. The aim of this mini-review article is to summarize the most salient experimental data supporting a role of the amygdala as a key brain region for emotional learning and behavior, including reward processing, in the physiological control of feeding and energy balance. In particular, a major focus will be placed on the putative interplay between reproductive signals and amygdala pathways, as it pertains to the control of metabolism, as complementary, extrahypothalamic circuit for the integral control of energy balance and gonadal function.
Collapse
|
24
|
Cho NR, Yu Y, Oh CK, Ko DS, Myung K, Lee Y, Na HS, Kim YH. Neuropeptide Y: a potential theranostic biomarker for diabetic peripheral neuropathy in patients with type-2 diabetes. Ther Adv Chronic Dis 2021; 12:20406223211041936. [PMID: 34729143 PMCID: PMC8438932 DOI: 10.1177/20406223211041936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN), the most common microvascular complication of type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), results in nontraumatic lower-limb amputations. When DPN is not detected early, disease progression is irreversible. Thus, biomarkers for diagnosing DPN are needed. Methods: We analyzed three data sets of T2DM DPN: two for mouse models (GSE70852 and GSE34889) and one for a human model (GSE24290). We found common differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the two mouse data sets and validated them in the human data set. To identify the phenotypic function of the DEGs, we overexpressed them in zebrafish embryos. Clinical information and serum samples of T2DM patients with and without DPN were obtained from the Korea Biobank Network. To assess the plausibility of DEGs as biomarkers of DPN, we performed an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results: Among the DEGs, only NPY and SLPI were validated in the human data set. As npy is conserved in zebrafish, its mRNA was injected into zebrafish embryos, and it was observed that the branches of the central nervous system became thicker and the number of dendritic branches increased. Baseline characteristics between T2DM patients with and without DPN did not differ, except for the sex ratio. The mean serum NPY level was higher in T2DM patients with DPN than in those without DPN (p = 0.0328), whereas serum SLPI levels did not differ (p = 0.9651). Conclusion: In the pathogenesis of DPN, NPY may play a protective role in the peripheral nervous system and may be useful as a biomarker for detecting T2DM DPN.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Noo Ree Cho
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeuni Yu
- Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Kyu Oh
- Center for Genomic Integrity, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Ulsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Dai Sik Ko
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyungjae Myung
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Inje University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoonsung Lee
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Inje University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Sam Na
- Department of Oral Microbiology, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun Hak Kim
- Departments of Anatomy and Biomedical Informatics, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea. Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Zoccali C, Ortiz A, Blumbyte IA, Rudolf S, Beck-Sickinger AG, Malyszko J, Spasovski G, Carriazo S, Viggiano D, Kurganaite J, Sarkeviciene V, Rastenyte D, Figurek A, Rroji M, Mayer C, Arici M, Martino G, Tedeschi G, Bruchfeld A, Spoto B, Rychlik I, Wiecek A, Okusa M, Remuzzi G, Mallamaci F. Neuropeptide Y as a risk factor for cardiorenal disease and cognitive dysfunction in CKD: translational opportunities and challenges. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2021; 37:ii14-ii23. [PMID: 34724060 PMCID: PMC8713155 DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfab284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuropeptide Y (NPY) is a 36-amino-acid peptide member of a family also including peptide YY and pancreatic polypeptide, which are all ligands to Gi/Go coupled receptors. NPY regulates several fundamental biologic functions including appetite/satiety, sex and reproduction, learning and memory, cardiovascular and renal function and immune functions. The mesenteric circulation is a major source of NPY in the blood in man and this peptide is considered a key regulator of gut–brain cross talk. A progressive increase in circulating NPY accompanies the progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD) toward kidney failure and NPY robustly predicts cardiovascular events in this population. Furthermore, NPY is suspected as a possible player in accelerated cognitive function decline and dementia in patients with CKD and in dialysis patients. In theory, interfering with the NPY system has relevant potential for the treatment of diverse diseases from cardiovascular and renal diseases to diseases of the central nervous system. Pharmaceutical formulations for effective drug delivery and cost, as well as the complexity of diseases potentially addressable by NPY/NPY antagonists, have been a problem until now. This in part explains the slow progress of knowledge about the NPY system in the clinical arena. There is now renewed research interest in the NPY system in psychopharmacology and in pharmacology in general and new studies and a new breed of clinical trials may eventually bring the expected benefits in human health with drugs interfering with this system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carmine Zoccali
- Renal Research Institute, New York,USA and Associazione Ipertensione Nefrologia Trapianto Renale (IPNET) Reggio Cal., Italy c/o CNR-IFC, Ospedali Riuniti, Reggio Calabria, Italy
| | - Alberto Ortiz
- Institute of Biochemistry, Leipzig University, Faculty of Life Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Inga Arune Blumbyte
- Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Nephrology Department, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Sarina Rudolf
- Institute of Biochemistry, Leipzig University, Faculty of Life Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | | | - Jolanta Malyszko
- Department of Nephrology, Dialysis and Internal Medicine, Warsaw Medical University, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Goce Spasovski
- Department of Nephrology, University "Sts. Cyril and Methodius", Skopje, MK, Republic of Macedonia
| | - Sol Carriazo
- Institute of Biochemistry, Leipzig University, Faculty of Life Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Davide Viggiano
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy. and Biogem Scarl, Ariano Irpino, Italy
| | - Justina Kurganaite
- Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Nephrology Department, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Vaiva Sarkeviciene
- Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Nephrology Department, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Daiva Rastenyte
- Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Neurology Department, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Andreja Figurek
- Department of Nephrology, University "Sts. Cyril and Methodius", Skopje, MK, Republic of Macedonia
| | - Merita Rroji
- Department of Nephrology, University "Sts. Cyril and Methodius", Skopje, MK, Republic of Macedonia
| | - Christopher Mayer
- Health and Bioresources, Biomedical Systems, Austrian Institute of Technology, Vienna, Austria
| | - Mustapha Arici
- Department of Nephrology, Hacettepe University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Gianvito Martino
- Neurology Department, San Raffaele Scientific Institute and Vita-Salute University San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Gioacchino Tedeschi
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, and 3T-MRI Research Center, University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli', Naples, Italy
| | - Annette Bruchfeld
- Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden and Department of Renal Medicine, CLINTEC Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Ivan Rychlik
- Department of Medicine, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and Faculty Hospital Kralovske Vinohrady,Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Andrzej Wiecek
- Department of Nephrology, Transplantation and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
| | - Mark Okusa
- Division of Nephrology and Center for Immunity, Inflammation, and Regenerative Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Giuseppe Remuzzi
- Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Aldo & Cele Daccò Clinical Research Center for Rare Diseases, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Francesca Mallamaci
- Nephrology and Transplantation Unit, Grande Ospedale Metropolitano and CNR-IFC, Reggio Cal, Italy
| | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Dhamad A, Zampiga M, Greene ES, Sirri F, Dridi S. Neuropeptide Y and its receptors are expressed in chicken skeletal muscle and regulate mitochondrial function. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2021; 310:113798. [PMID: 33961876 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2021.113798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Neuropeptide Y (NPY) is a highly conserved 36-amino acid neurotransmitter, which is primarily expressed in the mammalian arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus. It is a potent orexigenic neuropeptide, stimulating appetite and inducing feed intake in a variety of species. Recent research has shown that NPY and its receptors can be expressed by peripheral tissues, but their role is not yet well defined. Specifically, this information is particularly sparse in avian species. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the expression of NPY and its receptors, and determine their regulation by environmental and nutritional stressors, in the skeletal muscle of avian species using in vivo and in vitro approaches. Here, we show that NPY and its receptors are expressed in chicken breast and leg muscle as well as in quail myoblast (QM7) cell line. Intraperitoneal injection of recombinant NPY increased feed intake in 9-d old chicks and upregulated the expression of NPY and NPY receptors in breast and leg muscle, suggesting autocrine and/or paracrine roles for NPY. Additionally, NPY is able to modulate the mitochondrial network. In breast muscle, a low dose of NPY upregulated (P < 0.05) the expression of genes involved in ATP production (uncoupling protein, UCP; nuclear factor erythroid 2 like 2, NFE2L2) and dynamics (mitofusin 1, MFN1), while a high dose decreased (P < 0.05) markers of mitochondrial dynamics (mitofusin 2, MFN2; OPA1 mitochondrial dynamin like GTPase, OPA1) and increased (P < 0.05) genes involved in mitochondrial biogenesis (D-loop, peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma, PPARG). In leg muscle, NPY decreased (P < 0.05) markers of mitochondrial biogenesis and ATP synthesis (D-loop; peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha, PCG1A; peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma, coactivator 1 beta, PPARGC1B; PPARG; NFE2L2). In QM7 cells, genes associated with mitochondrial biogenesis, dynamics, and ATP synthesis were all upregulated (P < 0.05), even though basal respiration and ATP production were decreased (P < 0.05) with NPY treatment as measured by XF Flux analysis. Together, these data show that the NPY system is expressed in avian skeletal muscle and plays a role in mitochondrial function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Dhamad
- University of Arkansas, Center of Excellence for Poultry Science, Fayetteville, AR 72701, United States
| | - Marco Zampiga
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Elizabeth S Greene
- University of Arkansas, Center of Excellence for Poultry Science, Fayetteville, AR 72701, United States
| | - Federico Sirri
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Sami Dridi
- University of Arkansas, Center of Excellence for Poultry Science, Fayetteville, AR 72701, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Yang CH, Onda DA, Oakhill JS, Scott JW, Galic S, Loh K. Regulation of Pancreatic β-Cell Function by the NPY System. Endocrinology 2021; 162:6213414. [PMID: 33824978 DOI: 10.1210/endocr/bqab070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The neuropeptide Y (NPY) system has been recognized as one of the most critical molecules in the regulation of energy homeostasis and glucose metabolism. Abnormal levels of NPY have been shown to contribute to the development of metabolic disorders including obesity, cardiovascular diseases, and diabetes. NPY centrally promotes feeding and reduces energy expenditure, while the other family members, peptide YY (PYY) and pancreatic polypeptide (PP), mediate satiety. New evidence has uncovered additional functions for these peptides that go beyond energy expenditure and appetite regulation, indicating a more extensive function in controlling other physiological functions. In this review, we will discuss the role of the NPY system in the regulation of pancreatic β-cell function and its therapeutic implications for diabetes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chieh-Hsin Yang
- St. Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Fitzroy, VIC 3065, Australia
| | - Danise-Ann Onda
- St. Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Fitzroy, VIC 3065, Australia
| | - Jonathan S Oakhill
- St. Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Fitzroy, VIC 3065, Australia
- Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
- Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - John W Scott
- St. Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Fitzroy, VIC 3065, Australia
- Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Sandra Galic
- St. Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Fitzroy, VIC 3065, Australia
- Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Kim Loh
- St. Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Fitzroy, VIC 3065, Australia
- Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Zhang L, Clark T, Gopalasingam G, Neely GG, Herzog H. Ninjin'yoeito modulates feeding and activity under negative energy balance conditions via the NPY system. Neuropeptides 2021; 87:102149. [PMID: 33882337 DOI: 10.1016/j.npep.2021.102149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Revised: 01/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The central and peripheral neuropeptide Y (NPY) system is critically involved in feeding and energy homeostasis control. Disease conditions as well as aging can lead to reduced functionality of the NPY system and boosting it represents a promising option to improve health outcomes in these situations. Here we show that Ninjin-yoeito (NYT), a Japanese kampo medicine comprising twelve herbs, and known to be effective to treat anorexia and frailty, mediates part of its action via NPY/peptide YY (PYY) related pathways. Especially under negative energy homeostasis conditions NYT is able to promote feeding and reduces activity to conserve energy. These effects are in part mediated via signalling through the NPY system since lack of Y4 receptors or PYY leading to modification in these responses highlighting the possibility for combination treatment to improve aging related conditions on energy homeostasis control.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhang
- Neuroscience Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, St Vincent's Hospital, Darlinghurst, Sydney, Australia; St. Vincent's Clinical School, University of NSW, Sydney, Australia.
| | - Tereli Clark
- The Charles Perkins Centre, School of Life & Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Gopana Gopalasingam
- Neuroscience Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, St Vincent's Hospital, Darlinghurst, Sydney, Australia
| | - G Gregory Neely
- The Charles Perkins Centre, School of Life & Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Herbert Herzog
- Neuroscience Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, St Vincent's Hospital, Darlinghurst, Sydney, Australia; School of Medical Sciences, University of NSW, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Faculty of Medicine, University of NSW, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Berberine for Appetite Suppressant and Prevention of Obesity. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2020:3891806. [PMID: 33415147 PMCID: PMC7752296 DOI: 10.1155/2020/3891806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Revised: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Berberine (BBR), a natural plant product, has been shown to have antidiabetic, cholesterol-reducing effects. To investigate the action of BBR as appetite suppressants, two experimental protocols were performed. In the first experiment, the mice were fed either a normal-chow diet or a high-fat diet (HF). The mice received daily intraperitoneal injections of BBR (10 mg/kg or saline at 1 ml/kg) for 3 weeks. To determine the antiobesity effects of BBR, the food consumption, body weight, fat contents, serum leptin, and glucose level were investigated. In the second experiment, we set out to validate the effect of BBR on central neuropeptide Y (NPY) stimulated rats. Experiments were carried out in 24-hour fasted rats, and then food intake and glucose level were subsequently recorded for 1 hour. The experimental groups were subdivided into the intra-3rd ventricular microinjections of ACSF (artificial cerebrospinal fluid), neuropeptide Y (NPY; 100 nM), NPY+BBR (10 nM), and NPY+BBR (100 nM) group. And then the blood glucose level was examined. In the first experiment, treatment with BBR in the HF diet mice reduced food intake, body weight, fat contents, serum leptin, and glucose level. In the second experiment, the NPY-injected group increased food intake by 39.3%, and food intake was reduced in the BBR group by 47.5%, compared with the ACSF-injected group. Also, the serum glucose level in the NPY+BBR (100 nM) group was significantly lower than that in the NPY (100 nM) group. The results suggest that BBR improved lipid dysregulation in obesity by controlling the central obesity related pathway.
Collapse
|
30
|
Miyahara N. [The role of neuropeptide Y for the development of allergic airway responses]. Nihon Yakurigaku Zasshi 2020; 155:360-363. [PMID: 33132250 DOI: 10.1254/fpj.20036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Neuropeptide Y (NPY) is a neurotransmitter that is widely expressed in the brain and peripheral nervous system. Various immune cells express the receptor for NPY, Y1 receptor. NPY modulates these cells via its Y1 receptor, and involvement of NPY in the pathophysiology of bronchial asthma, has been reported. Increased plasma levels of NPY in asthmatic patients have been reported. NPY polymorphisms are associated with an increased risk for asthma in overweight subjects and young adults. We and other researchers have reported that using murine models of allergic airway responses, NPY and Y1 receptor play critical roles for the development of allergic airway inflammation and airway hyperresponsiveness. Therefore, manipulating NPY-Y1 pathway represents a novel therapeutic target to control allergic airway responses, and might be beneficial for treatment of bronchial asthma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nobuaki Miyahara
- Department of Medical Technology, Okayama University Graduate School of Health Sciences.,Department of Allergy and Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Hospital
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Sex differences in behavioral and metabolic effects of gene inactivation: The neuropeptide Y and Y receptors in the brain. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2020; 119:333-347. [PMID: 33045245 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2020.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Revised: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Brain and gonadal hormones interplay controls metabolic and behavioral functions in a sex-related manner. However, most translational neuroscience research related to animal models of endocrine and psychiatric disorders are often carried out in male animals only. The Neuropeptide Y (NPY) system shows sex-dependent differences and is sensitive to gonadal steroids. Based on published data from our and other laboratories, in this review we will discuss the sex related differences of NPY action on energy balance, bone homeostasis and behavior in rodents with the genetic manipulation of genes encoding NPY and its Y1, Y2 and Y5 cognate receptors. Comparative analyses of the phenotype of transgenic and knockout NPY and Y receptor rodents unravels sex dependent differences in the functions of this neurotransmission system, potentially helping to develop therapeutics for a variety of sex-related disorders including metabolic syndrome, osteoporosis and ethanol addiction.
Collapse
|
32
|
Sahay A, Kale A, Joshi S. Role of neurotrophins in pregnancy and offspring brain development. Neuropeptides 2020; 83:102075. [PMID: 32778339 DOI: 10.1016/j.npep.2020.102075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Revised: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Neurotrophins are a family of functionally and structurally related proteins which play a key role in the survival, development, and function of neurons in both the central and peripheral nervous systems. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), nerve growth factor (NGF), neurotrophin-3 (NT-3), and neurotrophin-4 (NT-4) are the family members of neurotrophins. Neurotrophins play a crucial role in influencing the development of the brain and learning and memory processes. Studies demonstrate that they also play crucial role in influencing reproductive and immune systems. Neurotrophins have been shown to influence various processes in the mother, placenta, and fetus during pregnancy. Development and maturation of feto-placental unit and the fetal growth trajectories are influenced by neurotrophins. In addition to neurotrophins, neuropeptides like neuropeptide Y also play a crucial role during various processes of pregnancy and during fetal brain development. Neurotrophins have also been shown to have a cross talk with various angiogenic factors and influence placental development. Alterations in the levels of neurotrophins and neuropeptides lead to placental pathologies resulting in various pregnancy complications like preeclampsia, intrauterine growth restriction and preterm births. Studies in animals have reported low levels of maternal micronutrients like folic acid, vitamin B12 and omega-3 fatty acids influence brain neurotrophins resulting in impaired cognitive functioning in the offspring. Maternal nutrition is also known to affect the expression of neuropeptides. It is essential to understand the role of various neurotrophins across various stages of pregnancy and its relationship with neurodevelopmental outcomes in children. This will lead to early prediction of poor neurodevelopmental outcomes. The present review describes evidence describing the role of neurotrophins in determining pregnancy outcome and altered neurodevelopment in the offspring. The possible mechanism through which maternal nutrition influences neurotrophins and neuropeptides to regulate offspring brain development and function is also discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Akriti Sahay
- Mother and Child Health, Interactive Research School for Health Affairs, Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Pune, India
| | - Anvita Kale
- Mother and Child Health, Interactive Research School for Health Affairs, Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Pune, India
| | - Sadhana Joshi
- Mother and Child Health, Interactive Research School for Health Affairs, Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Pune, India.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Zhang B, Zhang X, Xiao J, Zhou X, Chen Y, Gao C. Neuropeptide Y upregulates Runx2 and osterix and enhances osteogenesis in mouse MC3T3‑E1 cells via an autocrine mechanism. Mol Med Rep 2020; 22:4376-4382. [PMID: 33000198 PMCID: PMC7533442 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2020.11506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The neuropeptide Y (NPY) system is considered one of the primary neural signaling pathways. NPY, produced by osteoblasts and other peripheral tissues, is known to inhibit biological functions of osteoblasts. However, until recently, little was known of the autocrine mechanism by which NPY is regulated. To investigate this mechanism, overexpression plasmids and small interfering RNA (siRNA) targeting NPY were transfected into the MC3T3-E1 cell line to observe its effects on osteogenesis. NPY overexpression was found to markedly enhance the osteogenic ability of MC3T3-E1 cells by an autocrine mechanism, coincident with the upregulation of osterix and runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2). Furthermore, NPY increased the activities of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and osteocalcin (OCN) by upregulating their osteoblastic expression in vitro (as well as that of osterix and Runx2). Following transfection with NPY-siRNA, the osteoblastic ability of MC3T3-E1 cells was markedly decreased, and NPY deficiency inhibited the protein expression of osterix, Runx2, OCN and ALP in primary osteoblasts. Collectively, these results indicated that NPY played an important role in osteoblast differentiation by regulating the osterix and Runx2 pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bo Zhang
- Department of Joint Surgery, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250033, P.R. China
| | - Xiaolei Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Juan Xiao
- Department of Evidence‑Based Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250033, P.R. China
| | - Xuguang Zhou
- Department of Joint Surgery, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250033, P.R. China
| | - Yuan Chen
- Departments of Central Research Lab, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250033, P.R. China
| | - Chunzheng Gao
- Departments of Spinal Surgery, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250033, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Bertocchi I, Oberto A, Longo A, Palanza P, Eva C. Conditional inactivation of Npy1r gene in mice induces sex-related differences of metabolic and behavioral functions. Horm Behav 2020; 125:104824. [PMID: 32755609 DOI: 10.1016/j.yhbeh.2020.104824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Revised: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Sex hormone-driven differences in gene expression have been identified in experimental animals, highlighting brain neuronal populations implicated in dimorphism of metabolic and behavioral functions. Neuropeptide Y-Y1 receptor (NPY-Y1R) system is sexually dimorphic and sensitive to gonadal steroids. In the present study we compared the phenotype of male and female conditional knockout mice (Npy1rrfb mice), carrying the inactivation of Npy1r gene in excitatory neurons of the brain limbic system. Compared to their male control (Npy1r2lox) littermates, male Npy1rrfb mice exhibited hyperactivation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis that is associated with anxiety and executive dysfunction, reduced body weight growth, after-fasting refeeding, white adipose tissue (WAT) mass and plasma leptin levels. Conversely, female Npy1rrfb mice displayed an anxious-like behavior but no differences in HPA axis activity, executive function and body weight, compared to control females. Moreover, conditional inactivation of Npy1r gene induced an increase of subcutaneous and gonadal WAT weight and plasma leptin levels and a compensatory decrease of Agouti-related protein immunoreactivity in the hypothalamic arcuate (ARC) nucleus in females, compared to their respective control littermates. Interestingly, Npy1r mRNA expression was reduced in the ARC and in the paraventricular hypothalamic nuclei of female, but not male mice. These results demonstrated that female mice are resilient to hormonal and metabolic effects of limbic Npy1r gene inactivation, suggesting the existence of an estrogen-dependent relay necessary to ensure the maintenance of the homeostasis, that can be mediated by hypothalamic Y1R.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Bertocchi
- Neuroscience Institute of the Cavalieri-Ottolenghi Foundation, 10043 Orbassano, Turin, Italy; Department of Neuroscience, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy; Neuroscience Institute of Turin, Italy
| | - Alessandra Oberto
- Neuroscience Institute of the Cavalieri-Ottolenghi Foundation, 10043 Orbassano, Turin, Italy; Department of Neuroscience, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy; Neuroscience Institute of Turin, Italy
| | - Angela Longo
- Neuroscience Institute of the Cavalieri-Ottolenghi Foundation, 10043 Orbassano, Turin, Italy
| | - Paola Palanza
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, 43100 Parma, Italy
| | - Carola Eva
- Neuroscience Institute of the Cavalieri-Ottolenghi Foundation, 10043 Orbassano, Turin, Italy; Department of Neuroscience, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy; Neuroscience Institute of Turin, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Ding W, Zhang C, Wang B, Zhou X, Sun L, Zhong S, Liu J, Zhang J, Wang X, Wu Q. Loss of the centrosomal protein Cenpj leads to dysfunction of the hypothalamus and obesity in mice. SCIENCE CHINA-LIFE SCIENCES 2020; 64:419-433. [PMID: 32803714 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-020-1767-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Cenpj is a centrosomal protein located at the centrosomes and the base of cilia, it plays essential roles in regulating neurogenesis and cerebral cortex development. Although centrosomal and cilium dysfunction are one of the causes of obesity, insulin resistance, and type 2 diabetes, the role that Cenpj plays in the regulation of body weight remains unclear. Here, we deleted Cenpj by crossing Cenpjflox/flox mice with Nkx2.1-Cre mice. Loss of the centrosomal protein Cenpj in Nkx2.1-expressing cells causes morbid obesity in mice at approximately 4 months of age with expended brain ventricles but no change of brain size. We found that hypothalamic cells exhibited reduced proliferation and increased apoptosis upon Cenpj depletion at the embryonic stages, resulting in a dramatic decrease in the number of Proopiomelanocortin (POMC) neurons and electrophysiological dysfunction of NPY neurons in the arcuate nucleus (ARC) in adults. Furthermore, depletion of Cenpj also reduced the neuronal projection from the ARC to the paraventricular nucleus (PVN), with decreased melanocortin-4 receptors (MC4R) expression in PVN neurons. The study defines the roles that Cenpj plays in regulating hypothalamus development and body weight, providing a foundation for further understanding of the pathological mechanisms of related diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenyu Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China.,IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Changjiang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Science, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Institute of Brain-Intelligence Technology (Shanghai), Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Baisong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Xin Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Science, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Institute of Brain-Intelligence Technology (Shanghai), Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Le Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Science, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Institute of Brain-Intelligence Technology (Shanghai), Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Suijuan Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China.,IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Jing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Science, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Institute of Brain-Intelligence Technology (Shanghai), Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Junjing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China.,IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Xiaoqun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Science, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Institute of Brain-Intelligence Technology (Shanghai), Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China. .,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China. .,Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China. .,Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China.
| | - Qian Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China. .,IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Miyano K, Ohshima K, Suzuki N, Furuya S, Yoshida Y, Nonaka M, Higami Y, Yoshizawa K, Fujii H, Uezono Y. Japanese Herbal Medicine Ninjinyoeito Mediates Its Orexigenic Properties Partially by Activating Orexin 1 Receptors. Front Nutr 2020; 7:5. [PMID: 32175325 PMCID: PMC7056666 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2020.00005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer cachexia is highly prevalent in patients with progressive cancer and is characterized by decreased food consumption, and body weight. Japanese herbal medicine Ninjinyoeito (NYT), composed of 12 herbal crude drugs, is prescribed in Asian countries to improve several symptoms such as anorexia and fatigue, which are commonly observed in patients with cancer cachexia. However, the action mechanisms of NYT in improving anorexia or fatigue in patients with cancer are not clear. Therefore, in the present study, we examined the effects of NYT on the activities of several G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), which activate hyperphagia signaling in the central nervous system, using an in vitro assay with the CellKey™ system, which detects the activation of GPCRs as a change in intracellular impedance (ΔZ). NYT increased the ΔZ of human embryonic kidney 293 (HEK293) cells expressing orexin 1 receptor (OX1R) and those expressing neuropeptide Y1 receptor (NPY1R) in a dose-dependent manner. On the contrary, NYT did not significantly increase the ΔZ of HEK293A cells expressing growth hormone secretagogue receptor (GHSR) and those expressing NPY5R. The selective OX1R antagonist SB674042 significantly decreased the NYT-induced increase in ΔZ in OX1R-expressing cells. Contrarily, the selective NPY1R antagonist BIBO3340 failed to inhibit the NPY-induced increase in ΔZ in NPY1R-expressing cells. Additionally, we prepared modified NYT excluding each one of the 12 herbal crude drugs in NYT and investigated the effects on the activity of OX1R. Among the 12 modified NYT formulations, the one without citrus unshiu peel failed to activate OX1R. A screening of each of the 12 herbal crude drugs showed that citrus unshiu peel significantly activated OX1R, which was significantly suppressed by SB674042. These finding suggest that NYT and citrus unshiu peel could increase food intake via activation of orexigenic OX1R-expressing neurons in the hypothalamus. This study provides scientific evidence to support the potential of NYT for cancer patients with anorexia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kanako Miyano
- Division of Cancer Pathophysiology, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kaori Ohshima
- Division of Cancer Pathophysiology, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan.,Laboratory of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba, Japan
| | - Nozomi Suzuki
- Division of Cancer Pathophysiology, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Kitasato University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Saho Furuya
- Division of Cancer Pathophysiology, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Kitasato University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuki Yoshida
- Division of Cancer Pathophysiology, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan.,Laboratory of Molecular Pathology and Metabolic Disease, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba, Japan
| | - Miki Nonaka
- Division of Cancer Pathophysiology, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshikazu Higami
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology and Metabolic Disease, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kazumi Yoshizawa
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba, Japan
| | - Hideaki Fujii
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Kitasato University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasuhito Uezono
- Division of Cancer Pathophysiology, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan.,Division of Supportive Care Research, National Cancer Center Exploratory Oncology Research and Clinical Trial Center, Tokyo, Japan.,Innovation Center for Supportive, Palliative and Psychosocial Care, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Aerts-Kaya F, Ulum B, Mammadova A, Köse S, Aydin G, Korkusuz P, Uçkan-Çetinkaya D. Neurological Regulation of the Bone Marrow Niche. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2020; 1212:127-153. [PMID: 31342461 DOI: 10.1007/5584_2019_398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The bone marrow (BM) hematopoietic niche is the microenvironment where in the adult hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) are maintained and regulated. This regulation is tightly controlled through direct cell-cell interactions with mesenchymal stromal stem (MSCs) and reticular cells, adipocytes, osteoblasts and endothelial cells, through binding to extracellular matrix molecules and through signaling by cytokines and hematopoietic growth factors. These interactions provide a healthy environment and secure the maintenance of the HSPC pool, their proliferation, differentiation and migration. Recent studies have shown that innervation of the BM and interactions with the peripheral sympathetic neural system are important for maintenance of the hematopoietic niche, through direct interactions with HSCPs or via interactions with other cells of the HSPC microenvironment. Signaling through adrenergic receptors (ARs), opioid receptors (ORs), endocannabinoid receptors (CRs) on HSPCs and MSCs has been shown to play an important role in HSPC homeostasis and mobilization. In addition, a wide range of neuropeptides and neurotransmitters, such as Neuropeptide Y (NPY), Substance P (SP) and Tachykinins, as well as neurotrophins and neuropoietic growth factors have been shown to be involved in regulation of the hematopoietic niche. Here, a comprehensive overview is given of their role and interactions with important cells in the hematopoietic niche, including HSPCs and MSCs, and their effect on HSPC maintenance, regulation and mobilization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fatima Aerts-Kaya
- Graduate School of Health Sciences, Department of Stem Cell Sciences, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey. .,Center for Stem Cell Research and Development, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Baris Ulum
- Center for Stem Cell Research and Development, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey.,Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Department of Biological Sciences, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Aynura Mammadova
- Graduate School of Health Sciences, Department of Stem Cell Sciences, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey.,Center for Stem Cell Research and Development, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Sevil Köse
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Medical Biology, Atilim University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Gözde Aydin
- Graduate School of Health Sciences, Department of Stem Cell Sciences, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey.,Center for Stem Cell Research and Development, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Petek Korkusuz
- Graduate School of Health Sciences, Department of Stem Cell Sciences, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey.,Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Duygu Uçkan-Çetinkaya
- Graduate School of Health Sciences, Department of Stem Cell Sciences, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey.,Center for Stem Cell Research and Development, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Effect of cannabinoid-serotonin interactions in the regulation of neuropeptide Y1 receptors expression in rats: the role of CB1 and 5-HT2C receptor. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s00580-019-03081-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
AbstractNeuropeptide Y (NPY) is involved in a diversity of critical functions such as circadian rhythms, energy homeostasis, and appetite regulation in the hypothalamus. It has identified as a crucial participant in adjusting energy intake and energy storage as fat via central neuropeptide Y1 receptor (NPY1R), leading to obesity and metabolic disorders. The present study was expected to investigate the interaction between 2-AG (CB1R agonist), m-CPP (5HT2CR agonist), SB-242084 (5HT2CR antagonist), and SR-141716A (CB1R antagonist) by mediating through the NPY1R for treating or preventing obesity, metabolic disorders, and other abnormalities. The expression level of NPY1R mRNA has studied on the rat brain by real-time quantitative PCR assay. Based on our findings, intracerebroventricular (ICV) injection of combined 2-AG (1 μg) + m-CPP (2.5 μg) has antagonistic interaction in the expression of the NPY1R gene (P < 0.001). Moreover, the ICV co-injection of SB-242084 (3 μg) + SR-141716A (1 μg) has antagonistic interaction in the NPY1R gene expression (P < 0.001). Co-administration of 2-AG (1 μg) + SB-242084 (3 μg) amplified NPY1R gene expression (P < 0.001), while the ICV co-injection of m-CPP (2.5 μg) + SR-141716A (1 μg) decreased NPY1R gene expression in the hypothalamus (P < 0.001). These results revealed the interference in cannabinoid and serotonergic systems via CB1 and 5HT2C receptors in the expression of NPY1R mRNA in the hypothalamic area of rats.
Collapse
|
39
|
Vocat C, Dunand M, Hubers SA, Bourdillon N, Millet GP, Brown NJ, Wuerzner G, Grouzmann E, Eugster PJ. Quantification of Neuropeptide Y and Four of Its Metabolites in Human Plasma by Micro-UHPLC-MS/MS. Anal Chem 2020; 92:859-866. [PMID: 31790196 PMCID: PMC8541045 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b03505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Neuropeptide Y (NPY) is a 36-amino acid peptide circulating at a subpicomolar concentration participating in multiple physiological and pathological processes. NPY is prone to peptidolysis, generating metabolites with modified affinity for the five known receptors of NPY that mediate distinct effects. It is, therefore, crucial to distinguish each metabolite to understand the multiple functions of NPY. Since immunoassays are not able to distinguish NPY from its metabolites, we have validated a microliquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (micro-LC-MS/MS) assay for the quantification of endogenous NPY, NPY2-36, NPY3-36, NPY1-35, and NPY3-35 in human plasma. Sample preparation relies on immunoextraction in 96-well plates, followed by solid-phase extraction prior to micro-LC-MS/MS. The LLOQ ranged from 0.03 to 0.16 pM, intra- and inter-assay precision were <27% and trueness <22%. We determined reference intervals in 155 healthy volunteers and 40 hypertensive patients. We found that NPY3-36 is the main circulating peptide in resting conditions and that NPY and catecholamines are simultaneously increased during orthostasis. We also showed that the concentrations of NPY and its metabolites are similar in healthy volunteers and hypertensive patients. NPY is the prototype peptide that circulates in concentrations expected to be beyond instrumental capacities. We have been successful in developing a high-throughput specific and sensitive assay by including a deep knowledge of the physicochemical properties of these peptides to an efficient multistep sample preparation, and a micro-LC chromatography. We believe that our methodological approach opens the possibility to selectively quantify other endogenous peptides cleaved by peptidases whose concentrations are below 1 pM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Céline Vocat
- Service of Clinical Pharmacology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Marielle Dunand
- Service of Clinical Pharmacology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Scott A. Hubers
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Nicolas Bourdillon
- Institute of Sport Sciences (ISSUL), University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Grégoire P. Millet
- Institute of Sport Sciences (ISSUL), University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Nancy J. Brown
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Grégoire Wuerzner
- Service of Nephrology and Hypertension, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Eric Grouzmann
- Service of Clinical Pharmacology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Philippe J. Eugster
- Service of Clinical Pharmacology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Gershkovich MM, Groß VE, Kaiser A, Prömel S. Pharmacological and functional similarities of the human neuropeptide Y system in C. elegans challenges phylogenetic views on the FLP/NPR system. Cell Commun Signal 2019; 17:123. [PMID: 31533726 PMCID: PMC6751662 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-019-0436-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Accepted: 09/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The neuropeptide Y system affects various processes, among others food intake, and is frequently discussed in the context of targeting obesity. Studies in model organisms are indispensable to enable molecular studies in a physiological context. Although the NPY system is evolutionarily conserved in all bilaterians, in the widely used model Caenorhabditis elegans there is controversy on the existence of NPY orthologous molecules. While the FMRFamide-like peptide (FLP)/Neuropeptide receptor-Resemblance (NPR) system in the nematode was initially suggested to be orthologous to the mammalian NPY system, later global phylogenetic studies indicate that FLP/NPR is protostome-specific. METHODS We performed a comprehensive pharmacological study of the FLP/NPR system in transfected cells in vitro, and tested for functional substitution in C. elegans knockout strains. Further, we phenotypically compared different flp loss-of-function strains. Differences between groups were compared by ANOVA and post-hoc testing (Dunnett, Bonferroni). RESULTS Our pharmacological analysis of the FLP/NPR system including formerly functionally uncharacterized NPY-like peptides from C. elegans demonstrates that G protein-coupling and ligand requirements for receptor activation are similar to the human NPY system. In vitro and in vivo analyses show cross-reactivity of NPY with the FLP/NPR system manifesting in the ability of the human GPCRs to functionally substitute FLP/NPR signaling in vivo. The high pharmacological/functional similarities enabled us to identify C. elegans FLP-14 as a key molecule in avoidance behavior. CONCLUSIONS Our data demonstrate the pharmacological and functional similarities of human NPY and C. elegans NPR systems. This adds a novel perspective to current phylogenetic reconstructions of the neuropeptide Y system. NPY and NPR receptors are pharmacologically so similar that the human receptors can functionally compensate for the C. elegans ones, suggesting orthologous relationships. This is also underlined by the presence of NPY-like peptides and parallels in peptide requirements for receptor activation. Further, the results presented here highlight the potential of this knowledge for physiological as well as molecular studies on neuropeptide GPCRs such as the NPY system in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Victoria Elisabeth Groß
- Medical Faculty, Rudolf Schönheimer Institute of Biochemistry, Leipzig University, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Anette Kaiser
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Institute of Biochemistry, Leipzig University, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Simone Prömel
- Medical Faculty, Rudolf Schönheimer Institute of Biochemistry, Leipzig University, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The premonitory phase of migraine is defined as the presence of nonpainful symptomatology occurring hours to days before the onset of headache. Symptoms can include neck stiffness, yawning, thirst, and increased frequency of micturition. Clinical recognition of these symptoms is important to ensure early and effective attack management. Further understanding of the clinical phenotype and neurobiological mediation of these symptoms is important in the advancement of therapeutics research in both acute and preventive treatments of migraine. RECENT FINDINGS Since 2014, functional imaging studies have been conducted during the premonitory stage of migraine and have provided novel insights into the early neurobiology and anatomy of the earliest stage of the migraine attack. These studies have shown early involvement of subcortical brain areas including the hypothalamus, substantia nigra, dorsal pons, and various limbic cortical areas, including the anterior cingulate cortex during the premonitory phase. More recent work has revealed altered hypothalamic-brainstem functional connectivity during migraine, which starts before the onset of pain. These exciting findings have provided functional correlation of the symptoms experienced by patients and changes seen on functional brain imaging. SUMMARY This article focuses on the prevalence, phenotype, and proposed neurobiology of premonitory symptomatology in migraineurs as well as the scope of future research.
Collapse
|
42
|
Choi B, Shin MK, Kim EY, Park JE, Lee H, Kim SW, Song JK, Chang EJ. Elevated Neuropeptide Y in Endothelial Dysfunction Promotes Macrophage Infiltration and Smooth Muscle Foam Cell Formation. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1701. [PMID: 31379881 PMCID: PMC6657015 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2018] [Accepted: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Endothelial dysfunction has been linked to vascular inflammation and foam cell formation but the underlying mechanisms still remain unclear. We sought to define the factors inducing inflammation and smooth muscle foam cell formation under endothelial dysfunction using endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS)-deficient mice. Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) from eNOS-deficient mice displayed increased expression of macrophage-related genes and elevated lipid uptake. Neuropeptide Y (NPY) was upregulated in the aorta from the eNOS-deficient mice and promoted macrophage chemotaxis toward VSMCs while enhancing the activity of matrix metalloproteinase-3. Notably, NPY induced lipid uptake in VSMCs, facilitating smooth muscle foam cell formation, in association with enhanced expression of genes related to modified low-density lipoprotein uptake and macrophages. NPY was augmented by inflammatory pentraxin 3 (PTX3) in VSMCs. PTX3 enhanced macrophage migratory capacity through the NPY/neuropeptide Y receptor axis and this effect was attenuated by pharmacological inhibition with a receptor-specific antagonist. These observations suggest that endothelial dysfunction leads to the elevation of NPY that amplifies vascular inflammation by increasing inflammatory cell chemotaxis and triggers smooth muscle foam cell formation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bongkun Choi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Stem Cell Immunomodulation Research Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Min-Kyung Shin
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Stem Cell Immunomodulation Research Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Eun-Young Kim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Stem Cell Immunomodulation Research Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ji-Eun Park
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Stem Cell Immunomodulation Research Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Halim Lee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seong Who Kim
- Stem Cell Immunomodulation Research Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jae-Kwan Song
- Division of Cardiology, Asan Medical Center, Research Institute for Valvular Heart Disease University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Eun-Ju Chang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Stem Cell Immunomodulation Research Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Comeras LB, Herzog H, Tasan RO. Neuropeptides at the crossroad of fear and hunger: a special focus on neuropeptide Y. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2019; 1455:59-80. [PMID: 31271235 PMCID: PMC6899945 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.14179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Revised: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Survival in a natural environment forces an individual into constantly adapting purposive behavior. Specified interoceptive neurons monitor metabolic and physiological balance and activate dedicated brain circuits to satisfy essential needs, such as hunger, thirst, thermoregulation, fear, or anxiety. Neuropeptides are multifaceted, central components within such life‐sustaining programs. For instance, nutritional depletion results in a drop in glucose levels, release of hormones, and activation of hypothalamic and brainstem neurons. These neurons, in turn, release several neuropeptides that increase food‐seeking behavior and promote food intake. Similarly, internal and external threats activate neuronal pathways of avoidance and defensive behavior. Interestingly, specific nuclei of the hypothalamus and extended amygdala are activated by both hunger and fear. Here, we introduce the relevant neuropeptides and describe their function in feeding and emotional‐affective behaviors. We further highlight specific pathways and microcircuits, where neuropeptides may interact to identify prevailing homeostatic needs and direct respective compensatory behaviors. A specific focus will be on neuropeptide Y, since it is known for its pivotal role in metabolic and emotional pathways. We hypothesize that the orexigenic and anorexigenic properties of specific neuropeptides are related to their ability to inhibit fear and anxiety.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lucas B Comeras
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Herbert Herzog
- Neuroscience Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Ramon O Tasan
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Prenatal Androgenization Induces Anxiety-Like Behavior in Female Rats, Associated with Reduction of Inhibitory Interneurons and Increased BDNF in Hippocampus and Cortex. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 2019:3426092. [PMID: 31281833 PMCID: PMC6590533 DOI: 10.1155/2019/3426092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Anxiety is one of the most frequent psychiatric disorders. Despite the fact that most studies describe an anxiolytic effect of testosterone, hyperandrogenemia in mothers is assumed to be related to an increased risk of mood disorders in their offspring. An increasing body of scientific evidence suggests that an altered expression of interneuronal markers of the hippocampus may be the cause of anxiety. The aim of this study was to examine the influence of maternal hyperandrogenemia on behavioral parameters of anxiety-like behavior, neuropeptide Y (NPY) and parvalbumin (PV) expression in the hippocampus, and the level of the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in the hippocampus and cerebral cortex. Pregnant female Wistar albino rats were treated with testosterone undecanoate on the 20th day of gestation. Anxiety-like behavior in adult female offspring was evaluated by the elevated plus maze test and the open field. The number of PV and NPY immunoreactive cells in the hippocampus was determined immunohistochemically. The level of BDNF expression in the hippocampus and cerebral cortex was analyzed with the Western blot test. Prenatal hyperandrogenization increased anxiety-like behavior in female offspring and decreased expression of NPY+ and PV+ in the CA1 region of the hippocampus as compared to the control group. BDNF expression in the hippocampus and cerebral cortex of prenatally androgenized female offspring was significantly increased in comparison with the controls. Prenatal hyperandrogenization may be the cause of anxiety-like behavior in female offspring. Decrease in NPY and PV expression in the hippocampus may explain the possible mechanism of hyperandrogenization induced anxiety.
Collapse
|
45
|
Kawamura K, Mori W, Fujinaga M, Yamasaki T, Zhang Y, Wakizaka H, Hatori A, Xie L, Kumata K, Ohkubo T, Kurihara Y, Ogawa M, Nengaki N, Zhang MR. Radiosynthesis and in vivo evaluation of 11C-labeled BMS-193885 and its desmethyl analog as PET tracers for neuropeptide Y1 receptors. EJNMMI Radiopharm Chem 2019; 4:4. [PMID: 31659508 PMCID: PMC6379498 DOI: 10.1186/s41181-019-0056-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neuropeptide Y (NPY) has been implicated in a wide variety of physiological processes, including feeding, learning, memory, emotion, cardiovascular homeostasis, hormone secretion, and circadian rhythms. NPY Yl receptor (NPY Y1-R) is the most widely studied NPY receptor, and is involved in many of these processes. BMS-193885 (1) was previously developed as a potent and selective NPY Y1-R antagonist, which has good systemic bioavailability and brain penetration. To evaluate the characteristics of 1 in vivo, we developed 11C-labeled BMS-193885 ([11C]1) and its desmethyl analog ([11C]2) for potential use as two new positron emission tomography (PET) tracers. RESULTS [11C]1 was synthesized from [11C]methyl iodide using 2. [11C]2 was synthesized from [11C]phosgene using its aniline and amine derivatives. The mean ± S.D. decay-corrected radiochemical yields of [11C]1 and [11C]2 from 11CO2 at the end of radionuclide production were 23 ± 3.2% (n = 6) and 24 ± 1.5% (n = 4), respectively. In biodistribution on mice, radioactivity levels for both tracers were relatively high in the kidney, small intestine, and liver at 60 min post-injection. The radioactivity levels in the kidney, lung, and spleen of mice at 30 min post-injection with [11C]1 were significantly reduced by pretreatment with 1 (10 mg/kg), and levels of [11C]1 in the brain of mice were significantly increased by pretreatment with the P-glycoprotein and breast cancer resistance protein inhibitor elacridar (10 mg/kg). In metabolite analysis using mouse plasma, [11C]1 and [11C]2 were rapidly metabolized within 30 min post-injection, and [11C]1 was mainly metabolized into unlabeled 2 and radiolabeled components. CONCLUSION [11C]1 and [11C]2 were successfully synthesized with sufficient amount of radioactivity and high quality for use in vivo. Our study of [11C]1 and its desmethyl analog [11C]2 was useful in that it helped to elucidate the in vivo characteristics of 1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kazunori Kawamura
- Department of Radiopharmaceuticals Development, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba, 263-8555, Japan.
| | - Wakana Mori
- Department of Radiopharmaceuticals Development, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba, 263-8555, Japan
| | - Masayuki Fujinaga
- Department of Radiopharmaceuticals Development, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba, 263-8555, Japan
| | - Tomoteru Yamasaki
- Department of Radiopharmaceuticals Development, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba, 263-8555, Japan
| | - Yiding Zhang
- Department of Radiopharmaceuticals Development, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba, 263-8555, Japan
| | - Hidekatsu Wakizaka
- Department of Medical Physics, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba, 263-8555, Japan
| | - Akiko Hatori
- Department of Radiopharmaceuticals Development, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba, 263-8555, Japan
| | - Lin Xie
- Department of Radiopharmaceuticals Development, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba, 263-8555, Japan
| | - Katsushi Kumata
- Department of Radiopharmaceuticals Development, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba, 263-8555, Japan
| | - Takayuki Ohkubo
- Department of Radiopharmaceuticals Development, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba, 263-8555, Japan.,SHI Accelerator Service Ltd, Tokyo, 141-0032, Japan
| | - Yusuke Kurihara
- Department of Radiopharmaceuticals Development, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba, 263-8555, Japan.,SHI Accelerator Service Ltd, Tokyo, 141-0032, Japan
| | - Masanao Ogawa
- Department of Radiopharmaceuticals Development, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba, 263-8555, Japan.,SHI Accelerator Service Ltd, Tokyo, 141-0032, Japan
| | - Nobuki Nengaki
- Department of Radiopharmaceuticals Development, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba, 263-8555, Japan.,SHI Accelerator Service Ltd, Tokyo, 141-0032, Japan
| | - Ming-Rong Zhang
- Department of Radiopharmaceuticals Development, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba, 263-8555, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Czarnecka M, Lu C, Pons J, Maheswaran I, Ciborowski P, Zhang L, Cheema A, Kitlinska J. Neuropeptide Y receptor interactions regulate its mitogenic activity. Neuropeptides 2019; 73:11-24. [PMID: 30503694 PMCID: PMC6532649 DOI: 10.1016/j.npep.2018.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Revised: 10/15/2018] [Accepted: 11/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Neuropeptide Y (NPY) is a multifunctional neurotransmitter acting via G protein-coupled receptors - Y1R, Y2R and Y5R. NPY activities, such as its proliferative effects, are mediated by multiple receptors, which have the ability to dimerize. However, the role of this receptor interplay in NPY functions remains unclear. The goal of the current study was to identify NPY receptor interactions, focusing on the ligand-binding fraction, and determine their impact on the mitogenic activity of the peptide. Y1R, Y2R and Y5R expressed in CHO-K1 cells formed homodimers detectable on the cell surface by cross-linking. Moreover, Y1R and Y5R heterodimerized, while no Y2R/Y5R heterodimers were detected. Nevertheless, Y5R failed to block internalization of its cognate receptor in both Y1R/Y5R and Y2R/Y5R transfectants, indicating Y5R transactivation upon stimulation of the co-expressed receptor. These receptor interactions correlated with an augmented mitogenic response to NPY. In Y1R/Y5R and Y2R/Y5R transfectants, the proliferative response started at picomolar NPY concentrations, while nanomolar concentrations were needed to trigger proliferation in cells transfected with single receptors. Thus, our data identify direct and indirect heterotypic NPY receptor interactions as the mechanism amplifying its activity. Understanding these processes is crucial for the design of treatments targeting the NPY system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Czarnecka
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Congyi Lu
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA; New York Genome Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jennifer Pons
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Induja Maheswaran
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Pawel Ciborowski
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Lihua Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Amrita Cheema
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Joanna Kitlinska
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular & Cellular Biology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Oda N, Miyahara N, Taniguchi A, Morichika D, Senoo S, Fujii U, Itano J, Gion Y, Kiura K, Kanehiro A, Maeda Y. Requirement for neuropeptide Y in the development of type 2 responses and allergen-induced airway hyperresponsiveness and inflammation. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2019; 316:L407-L417. [PMID: 30604629 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00386.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuropeptide Y (NPY) is a neurotransmitter that is widely expressed in the brain and peripheral nervous system. Various immune cells express the NPY Y1 receptor. NPY modulates these cells via its Y1 receptor; however, involvement of NPY in the pathophysiology of bronchial asthma, particularly airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR), has not been defined. NPY-deficient and wild-type mice were intranasally sensitized and challenged to house dust mite (HDM) extract, and airway responses were monitored. After sensitization and challenge, NPY-deficient mice showed significantly lower AHR than wild-type mice, and numbers of eosinophils and levels of type 2 cytokines [interleukin (IL)-4, IL-5, and IL-13] in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid were significantly lower. Type 2 cytokine production from splenic mononuclear cells of HDM-sensitized mice was also significantly lower in NPY-deficient mice. Flow cytometry analysis showed that the number of CD4 T cells and CD11c+ antigen-presenting cells (APCs) was significantly lower in the lungs of NPY-deficient mice than in wild-type mice following sensitization and challenge. Significantly fewer CD11c+ APCs phagocytosed HDM in the mediastinal lymph nodes of NPY-deficient mice than in those of wild-type mice. Treatment with BIBO-3304, a NPY receptor antagonist, significantly suppressed development of HDM-induced AHR and inflammation in wild-type mice. These data identify an important contribution of NPY to allergen-induced AHR and inflammation through accumulation of dendritic cells in the airway and promotion of the type 2 immune response. Thus, manipulating NPY represents a novel therapeutic target to control allergic airway responses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Naohiro Oda
- Department of Hematology, Oncology, Allergy, and Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama , Japan
| | - Nobuaki Miyahara
- Department of Medical Technology, Okayama University Graduate School of Health Sciences , Okayama , Japan.,Department of Allergy and Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Hospital , Okayama , Japan
| | - Akihiko Taniguchi
- Department of Hematology, Oncology, Allergy, and Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama , Japan
| | - Daisuke Morichika
- Department of Hematology, Oncology, Allergy, and Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama , Japan
| | - Satoru Senoo
- Department of Hematology, Oncology, Allergy, and Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama , Japan
| | - Utako Fujii
- Department of Hematology, Oncology, Allergy, and Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama , Japan
| | - Junko Itano
- Department of Hematology, Oncology, Allergy, and Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama , Japan
| | - Yuka Gion
- Department of Medical Technology, Okayama University Graduate School of Health Sciences , Okayama , Japan.,Division of Pathophysiology, Okayama University Graduate School of Health Sciences , Okayama , Japan
| | - Katsuyuki Kiura
- Department of Allergy and Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Hospital , Okayama , Japan
| | - Arihiko Kanehiro
- Department of Hematology, Oncology, Allergy, and Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama , Japan.,Department of Allergy and Respiratory Medicine, Okayama Rosai Hospital , Okayama , Japan
| | - Yoshinobu Maeda
- Department of Hematology, Oncology, Allergy, and Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama , Japan
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Huang S, Li Z, Liu Y, Gao D, Zhang X, Hao J, Yang F. Neural regulation of bone remodeling: Identifying novel neural molecules and pathways between brain and bone. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:5466-5477. [PMID: 29377116 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.26502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2018] [Accepted: 01/20/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shishu Huang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery West China Hospital, Sichuan University Chengdu China
| | - Zhenxia Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University Chengdu China
| | - Yunhui Liu
- The Brain Cognition & Brain Disease Institute, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenzhen China
| | - Dashuang Gao
- The Brain Cognition & Brain Disease Institute, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenzhen China
| | - Xinzhou Zhang
- Department of Nephrology Shenzhen People's Hospital, Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University Shenzhen China
| | - Jin Hao
- Program in Biological Sciences in Dental Medicine, Harvard School of Dental Medicine Boston Massachusetts
| | - Fan Yang
- The Brain Cognition & Brain Disease Institute, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenzhen China
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Diaz-delCastillo M, Woldbye DP, Heegaard AM. Neuropeptide Y and its Involvement in Chronic Pain. Neuroscience 2018; 387:162-169. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2017.08.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2017] [Revised: 08/22/2017] [Accepted: 08/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
|
50
|
Lutz TA. Considering our methods: Methodological issues with rodent models of appetite and obesity research. Physiol Behav 2018; 192:182-187. [DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2018.02.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2017] [Revised: 02/10/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
|