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Liu J, Chen M, Ma Y, Ma T, Gao D, Li Y, Wang X, Chen L, Ma Q, Zhang Y, Ma J, Zou Z, Dong Y. Habitual dairy consumption is inversely associated with depressive and social anxiety symptoms among children and adolescents aged 7-17 years: Findings from a cross-sectional study in Beijing, China. J Affect Disord 2022; 319:309-317. [PMID: 36162661 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2022.09.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2022] [Revised: 07/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Knowledge remains limited about dairy consumption and childhood depression and social anxiety, which is our purpose. METHODS A cross-sectional study including children and adolescents aged 7-17 years was conducted in 2020 in Beijing. Depression and social anxiety were assessed using the Children's Depression Inventory and the social anxiety scale for children. Habitual dairy consumption was defined as ≥6 days/week. Multivariate linear and logistic regression models were employed to analyze the associations between dairy consumption and depression and social anxiety. Subgroup analyses were conducted to test the robustness of the main results. RESULTS A total of 1353 participants were included, with a mean age of 12.06 (SD = 3.10) years old. There were 53.58 % habitual dairy consumers and nearly 11.01 % consumed of ≤1 day/week. The prevalence of depression and social anxiety was 14.04 % and 29.64 %. Compared to participants with less dairy intake, the scores of depression and social anxiety in habitual dairy consumers decreased by 1.725 (95 % CI: -2.939, -0.512) and 1.083 (95 % CI: -1.821, -0.345). Correspondingly, habitual dairy consumption was inversely correlated with depression (OR = 0.602, 95%CI: 0.369-0.982) and social anxiety (OR = 0.622, 95%CI: 0.418-0.923). Such inverse associations were more pronounced in younger participants, those without siblings, with higher parental education and higher consumption of fruits or vegetables. LIMITATIONS Conclusions about causality remain speculative due to the cross-sectional design. CONCLUSIONS Habitual dairy consumption is inversely associated with childhood depression and social anxiety. A potential attempt could be implemented when recommending dairy products as an adjuvant therapy for childhood mental disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieyu Liu
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Manman Chen
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Ying Ma
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Tao Ma
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Di Gao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yanhui Li
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xinxin Wang
- School of Public Health and Management, Ningxia Medical University, Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Chronic Disease Control, No.1160, Shengli Street, Xingqing District, 750004, China
| | - Li Chen
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Qi Ma
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Jun Ma
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Zhiyong Zou
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Beijing 100191, China.
| | - Yanhui Dong
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Beijing 100191, China.
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Badri MA, Alkhaili M, Aldhaheri H, Alnahyan H, Yang G, Albahar M, Alrashdi A. Understanding the Interactions of Happiness, Self-Rated Health, Mental Feelings, Habit of Eating Healthy and Sport/Activities: A Path Model for Abu Dhabi. Nutrients 2021; 14:nu14010055. [PMID: 35010930 PMCID: PMC8746992 DOI: 10.3390/nu14010055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Understanding the interactions between happiness, self-perception of health, healthy eating behaviors, physical activities, and psychological feelings or symptoms of mental health provides necessary inputs for social policymaking. Using data from the second cycle of the Abu Dhabi Quality of Life survey, this study examined a path analysis of Abu Dhabi residents’ nature of assimilations between these variables. The results point to the significant association between happiness and self-rated health. In addition, the results portray significant direct paths to happiness from three mental feeling variables—“feeling calm and peaceful”, “having lots of energy”, and “feeling downhearted and depressed”. The variable of “often feeling rushed or pressed for time” shows a direct path to self-rated health only. Eating healthy food is significantly associated with both happiness and self-perception of health. In addition, “often doing physical activities” positively influences happiness. The present study enhances and refines policymakers’ understanding of the considered factors on happiness and self-rated health with further elaborations of the mediating roles of specific well-being determinants. Limitations and future research directions are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masood A. Badri
- Department of Business Administration, College of Business and Economics, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 88888, United Arab Emirates;
- Abu Dhabi Department of Community Development, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates; (M.A.); (H.A.); (H.A.); (G.Y.); (A.A.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +971-50-6430434
| | - Mugheer Alkhaili
- Abu Dhabi Department of Community Development, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates; (M.A.); (H.A.); (H.A.); (G.Y.); (A.A.)
| | - Hamad Aldhaheri
- Abu Dhabi Department of Community Development, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates; (M.A.); (H.A.); (H.A.); (G.Y.); (A.A.)
| | - Hamdan Alnahyan
- Abu Dhabi Department of Community Development, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates; (M.A.); (H.A.); (H.A.); (G.Y.); (A.A.)
| | - Guang Yang
- Abu Dhabi Department of Community Development, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates; (M.A.); (H.A.); (H.A.); (G.Y.); (A.A.)
| | - Muna Albahar
- Department of Business Administration, College of Business and Economics, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 88888, United Arab Emirates;
- Abu Dhabi Department of Community Development, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates; (M.A.); (H.A.); (H.A.); (G.Y.); (A.A.)
| | - Asma Alrashdi
- Abu Dhabi Department of Community Development, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates; (M.A.); (H.A.); (H.A.); (G.Y.); (A.A.)
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Chopra C, Mandalika S, Kinger N. Does diet play a role in the prevention and management of depression among adolescents? A narrative review. Nutr Health 2021; 27:243-263. [PMID: 33416032 DOI: 10.1177/0260106020980532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression is one of the major causes of illness and disability, while suicide is the second leading cause of death amongst adolescents. Although many factors determine the mental health of an individual, diet has been gaining popularity as a key modifiable factor in the prevention and management of depression. Nutritional Psychiatry is an emerging field where researchers suggest that the food we consume influences our mental well-being. AIM This review aims to explore the significance of diet, nutrient deficiencies, imbalances, and unhealthy dietary patterns in the prevention and management of unipolar depression or major depressive disorder among adolescents. METHODS Electronic databases such as PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, Science Direct, and MEDLINE were searched using keywords such as "mental health," "depression," "adolescents," "diet," "dietary pattern," and pertinent articles (N = 68) were retrieved and reviewed. RESULTS The Mediterranean and traditional diets rich in complex carbohydrates, omega-3 fatty acids, B-group vitamins and several amino acids have shown negative correlation with the incidence of depression. On the other hand, Western dietary patterns (sweetened beverages, processed/ junk food, and foods rich in saturated fatty acids), along with low consumption of fruits and vegetables have been linked to an increased risk of depression among adolescents. CONCLUSION Dietary modification can prove to be a cost-effective strategy for the prevention and treatment of depression among adolescents. Diet and nutrition need to be recognized as key modifiable targets for the prevention of mental disorders and nutritional medicine should be considered as an integral part of psychiatric treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandni Chopra
- Department of Foods, Nutrition and Dietetics, 271467College of Home Science, Nirmala Niketan (Affiliated to University of Mumbai), New Marine Lines, Maharashtra, India
| | - Subhadra Mandalika
- Department of Foods, Nutrition and Dietetics, 271467College of Home Science, Nirmala Niketan (Affiliated to University of Mumbai), New Marine Lines, Maharashtra, India
| | - Narendra Kinger
- 81727Sir H.N. Reliance Foundation Hospital and Research Centre, Girgaon, Maharashtra, India
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4
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Sun J, Wang W, Zhang D. Associations of different types of dairy intakes with depressive symptoms in adults. J Affect Disord 2020; 274:326-333. [PMID: 32469823 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2020.05.095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2020] [Revised: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Current evidence on the associations between different types of milk products and depressive symptoms is few and controversial, and there has been no study focusing on different types of milk (whole-fat, low-fat, and skim). This study aimed to appraise their associations. METHODS This cross-sectional study included adults (N=21,924) from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2007-2016. Patient Health Questionnaire was used to evaluate depressive symptoms. Logistic regression model was implemented to assess the association of dairy consumption with depressive symptoms. RESULTS After multivariate adjustment, compared to non-consumers, the odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) of depressive symptoms for intake < 175.38 g/d and 175.38 to < 321.56 g/d of skim milk were 0.48 (0.27-0.85) and 0.46 (0.29-0.75), and 0.70 (0.55-0.88) for intake < 81.00 g/d of milk desserts, while 1.61 (1.05-2.46), 1.70 (1.15-2.50) and 1.55 (1.11-2.16) for intake < 129.63 g/d, 129.63 to < 289.75 g/d and ≥ 289.75 g/d of whole milk, respectively. These associations remained significant in stratified analyses by gender and age. Additionally, yogurt was negatively associated with depressive symptoms in both females and the age group (≥ 60 years). Low-fat milk was inversely associated with depressive symptoms for both males and the age group (≥ 60 years). Moderate creams intake was negatively associated with depressive symptoms in males. LIMITATIONS It was difficult to infer causality for a cross-sectional study. CONCLUSIONS Intakes of skim milk and moderate milk desserts were negatively associated with depressive symptoms, while whole milk was positively associated with depressive symptoms among adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Sun
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, the School of Public Health of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Weijing Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, the School of Public Health of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongfeng Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, the School of Public Health of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China.
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[Eating behavior and relationships with stress, anxiety, depression and insomnia in university students.]. NUTR HOSP 2020; 36:1339-1345. [PMID: 31657605 DOI: 10.20960/nh.02641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Introduction: there is growing evidence linking food consumption with psychological health of adult people. This association has not been well explored among university students. Objectives: the aims of this study were to analyze the diet quality in a university population, and to assess its association with prevalence of anxiety, stress, depression, and insomnia. Methods: cross-sectional study of a sample of 1055 university students. Three validated questionnaires were used: the Healthy Eating Index (HEI), the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS 21), and the Insomnia Severity Index. Results: The average HEI score was 68,57±12,17. Prevalence of unhealthy eating was 82,3%, higher in women (84,8% vs. 76,4%). Unhealthy eating was significantly associated with prevalence of anxiety, depression, and stress. Excessive intake of sweets and low of dairy products were associated with higher prevalence of psychological and sleep disturbances. Conclusions: unhealthy eating patterns are common in university population and are related to anxiety, stress, and depression. Educational interventions to reduce unhealthy food consumption in university students can also result in psychological health improvements and/or vice versa.
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Reis DJ, Ilardi SS, Namekata MS, Wing EK, Fowler CH. The depressogenic potential of added dietary sugars. Med Hypotheses 2020; 134:109421. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2019.109421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Revised: 09/29/2019] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Głąbska D, Guzek D, Groele B, Gutkowska K. Fruit and Vegetable Intake and Mental Health in Adults: A Systematic Review. Nutrients 2020; 12:E115. [PMID: 31906271 PMCID: PMC7019743 DOI: 10.3390/nu12010115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 170] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Revised: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 12/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of a properly balanced diet in the prevention and treatment of mental disorders has been suggested, while vegetables and fruits have a high content of nutrients that may be of importance in the case of depressive disorders. The aim of the study was to conduct a systematic review of the observational studies analyzing association between fruit and vegetable intake and mental health in adults. The search adhered to the guidelines of Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA), and the review was registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) database (CRD42019138148). A search for peer-reviewed observational studies published until June 2019 was performed in PubMed and Web of Science databases, followed by an additional manual search for publications conducted via analyzing the references of the found studies. With respect to the intake of fruit and/or vegetable, studies that assessed the intake of fruits and/or vegetables, or their processed products (e.g., juices), as a measure expressed in grams or as the number of portions were included. Those studies that assessed the general dietary patterns were not included in the present analysis. With respect to mental health, studies that assessed all the aspects of mental health in both healthy participants and subjects with physical health problems were included, but those conducted in groups of patients with intellectual disabilities, dementia, and eating disorders were excluded. To assess bias, the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) was applied. A total of 5911 studies were independently extracted by 2 researchers and verified if they met the inclusion criteria using a 2-stage procedure (based on the title, based on the abstract). After reviewing the full text, a total of 61 studies were selected. A narrative synthesis of the findings from the included studies was performed, which was structured around the type of outcome. The studies included mainly focused on depression and depressive symptoms, but also other characteristics ranging from general and mental well-being, quality of life, sleep quality, life satisfaction, flourishing, mood, self-efficacy, curiosity, creativity, optimism, self-esteem, stress, nervousness, or happiness, to anxiety, minor psychiatric disorders, distress, or attempted suicide, were analyzed. The most prominent results indicated that high total intake of fruits and vegetables, and some of their specific subgroups including berries, citrus, and green leafy vegetables, may promote higher levels of optimism and self-efficacy, as well as reduce the level of psychological distress, ambiguity, and cancer fatalism, and protect against depressive symptoms. However, it must be indicated that the studies included were conducted using various methodologies and in different populations, so their results were not always sufficiently comparable, which is a limitation. Taken together, it can be concluded that fruits and/or vegetables, and some of their specific subgroups, as well as processed fruits and vegetables, seems to have a positive influence on mental health, as stated in the vast majority of the included studies. Therefore, the general recommendation to consume at least 5 portions of fruit and vegetables a day may be beneficial also for mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominika Głąbska
- Department of Dietetics, Institute of Human Nutrition Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW-WULS), 159C Nowoursynowska Street, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Dominika Guzek
- Department of Food Market and Consumer Research, Institute of Human Nutrition Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW-WULS), 159C Nowoursynowska Street, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland; (D.G.); (K.G.)
| | - Barbara Groele
- Department of Dietetics, Institute of Human Nutrition Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW-WULS), 159C Nowoursynowska Street, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Krystyna Gutkowska
- Department of Food Market and Consumer Research, Institute of Human Nutrition Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW-WULS), 159C Nowoursynowska Street, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland; (D.G.); (K.G.)
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8
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Hockey M, McGuinness AJ, Marx W, Rocks T, Jacka FN, Ruusunen A. Is dairy consumption associated with depressive symptoms or disorders in adults? A systematic review of observational studies. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2019; 60:3653-3668. [PMID: 31868529 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2019.1703641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Diet quality is associated with depression risk, however the possible role of dairy products in depression risk is unclear. A number of epidemiological studies have examined associations between dairy consumption and depressive symptoms, but results have been inconsistent. Therefore, this systematic review aimed to examine whether an association exists between dairy consumption and depressive symptoms or disorders in adults. Anxiety symptoms were also explored as a secondary outcome. CINAHL, Cochrane, MEDLINE complete, EMBASE, Scopus and PsycINFO databases were searched from database inception to December 2018. Studies were included if they used a case-control, cross-sectional, or cohort study design, and included community dwelling or institutionalized adults (≥18 years). Seven prospective and six cross-sectional studies (N = 58,203 participants) reported on the association between dairy consumption and depressive symptoms or disorders. Findings were mixed, with one study reporting a positive association; five studies reporting no association; and seven studies reporting mixed associations depending on dairy type, gender or population group. We found conflicting and inconsistent associations in studies that were generally of fair quality. Future longitudinal and intervention studies that employ more rigorous dietary assessment methods are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meghan Hockey
- Food & Mood Centre, iMPACT (the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation), Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Amelia J McGuinness
- Food & Mood Centre, iMPACT (the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation), Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Wolfgang Marx
- Food & Mood Centre, iMPACT (the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation), Deakin University, Geelong, Australia.,Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Centre for Adolescent Health, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Tetyana Rocks
- Food & Mood Centre, iMPACT (the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation), Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Felice N Jacka
- Food & Mood Centre, iMPACT (the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation), Deakin University, Geelong, Australia.,Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Centre for Adolescent Health, Melbourne, Australia.,Black Dog Institute, Sydney, Australia
| | - Anu Ruusunen
- Food & Mood Centre, iMPACT (the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation), Deakin University, Geelong, Australia.,Department of Psychiatry, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland.,Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
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9
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Tuck NJ, Farrow C, Thomas JM. Assessing the effects of vegetable consumption on the psychological health of healthy adults: a systematic review of prospective research. Am J Clin Nutr 2019; 110:196-211. [PMID: 31152539 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/nqz080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2018] [Accepted: 04/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To alleviate the immense health and economic burden of mental illness, modifiable targets to promote psychological health are required. Emerging evidence suggests that both fruit and vegetable (F&V) consumption may play an important role. However, the precise contribution of vegetable consumption, which may represent a more potent target than the consumption of fruit, has received little attention. OBJECTIVES This review aimed to synthesize and evaluate research investigating the effects of vegetable consumption on mental health and psychological well-being in nonclinical, healthy adult populations. We aimed to provide insight into the causal relation between vegetable consumption and these outcomes. METHODS Only studies with prospective or experimental data were included. The survey of the literature was last implemented on 1 February, 2019. RESULTS Ten eligible studies were identified, with a total sample size of n = 33,645, that measured vegetable intake separately from fruit, or combined this with fruit intake. Where studies explored the independent effects of fruit and vegetable consumption on psychological health (n = 3), 2 reported a preferential effect of vegetables (compared with fruit) on psychological well-being, whereas 1 reported a superior effect of fruit intake on odds reduction of symptoms of depression. More broadly, there was evidence that consuming the recommended amount of F&V (and exceeding this) was associated with increased psychological well-being. However, the effects of F&V consumption on mental health symptoms were inconsistent. CONCLUSIONS Increased F&V consumption has a positive effect on psychological well-being and there appears to be a preferential effect of vegetables (compared with fruit) from the limited data examined. The effect of F&V intake on mental health is less clear and, at present, there are no clear data to support a preferential effect of vegetable intake on mental health outcomes. Hence, additional research is warranted to investigate the influence of vegetables, compared with fruit, on psychological health in order to inform nutrition-based interventions. This review was registered at www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero as CRD42017072880.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola-Jayne Tuck
- Department of Psychology, Aston University, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Claire Farrow
- Department of Psychology, Aston University, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Jason M Thomas
- Department of Psychology, Aston University, Birmingham, United Kingdom
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10
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Hosseinzadeh M, Vafa MR, Esmaillzadeh A, Feizi A, Majdzadeh R, Afshar H, Keshteli AH, Adibi P. Psychological disorders and dietary patterns by reduced-rank regression. Eur J Clin Nutr 2019; 73:408-415. [PMID: 30705385 DOI: 10.1038/s41430-019-0399-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2017] [Revised: 12/30/2018] [Accepted: 01/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the relationship between dietary patterns identified by reduced-rank regression method and psychological disorders in a large group of Iranian adults. METHODS A cross-sectional study was performed on 3363 Iranian adults between 20 and 55 years. Dietary intakes were assessed using a validated dish-based semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Psychological health was examined through validated Iranian version of Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale and General Health Questionnaires. Reduced-rank regression was applied to identify dietary patterns based on the ratio of omega-3/omega-6, zinc, magnesium, vitamin B6, and folic acid intake. Logistic regression was used to assess the relationship between dietary patterns and psychological disorders. RESULTS Three major dietary patterns were derived: "healthy," "fish and poultry," and "transitional." After adjustment for potential confounders, "healthy" was associated with reduced depression (odds ratio (OR) for the highest vs. lowest quintile: 0.35; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.25-0.50), anxiety (OR: 0.47; CI: 0.30-0.74), and psychological distress (OR: 0.52; CI: 0.36-0.75). Greater adherence to the "fish and poultry" was related with lower odds of depression (OR: 0.64; CI: 0.47-0.87). Participant in the third quintile of "fish and poultry" dietary pattern were less likely to be anxious (OR: 0.61; CI: 0.41-0.91). Additionally, we found an inverse significant correlation between adherence to the "transitional" dietary pattern and odds of depression (OR: 0.36; CI: 0.21-0.62), anxiety (OR: 0.43; CI: 0.21-0.88), and psychological distress (OR: 0.41; CI: 0.23-0.72). CONCLUSION We found that "healthy," "fish and poultry," and "transitional" dietary patterns have inverse significant relationship with odds of psychological disorders, but prospective studies are needed for causal conclusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdieh Hosseinzadeh
- Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.,Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Mohammad-Reza Vafa
- Department of Nutrition, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ahmad Esmaillzadeh
- Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran. .,Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Awat Feizi
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Reza Majdzadeh
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamidreza Afshar
- Psychosomatic Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Ammar Hassanzadeh Keshteli
- Integrative Functional Gastroenterology Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Peyman Adibi
- Integrative Functional Gastroenterology Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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O'Connor LE, Biberstine SL, Paddon-Jones D, Schwichtenberg AJ, Campbell WW. Adopting a Mediterranean-Style Eating Pattern with Different Amounts of Lean Unprocessed Red Meat Does Not Influence Short-Term Subjective Personal Well-Being in Adults with Overweight or Obesity. J Nutr 2018; 148:1917-1923. [PMID: 30517731 PMCID: PMC7263834 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxy235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2018] [Revised: 06/19/2018] [Accepted: 08/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Reducing red meat intake is commonly recommended. Limited observational studies suggest that healthy eating patterns with red meat are associated with improved quality of life. Objective The secondary objectives of this randomized crossover controlled-feeding trial were to assess the effects of following a Mediterranean-style eating pattern (Med-Pattern) with different amounts of red meat on indexes of personal well-being (i.e., perceived quality of life, mood, and sleep) in overweight or obese adults. We hypothesized that following a Med-Pattern would improve these outcomes, independent of red meat intake amount. Methods Forty-one participants [aged 46 ± 2 y; body mass index (kg/m2): 30.5 ± 0.6; n = 28 women, n = 13 men) were provided Med-Pattern foods for two 5-wk periods separated by 4 wk of self-selected eating. The Med-Red Pattern contained ∼500 g/wk (typical US intake), and the Med-Control Pattern contained ∼200 g/wk (commonly recommended intake in heart-healthy eating patterns) of lean, unprocessed beef or pork compensated with mainly poultry and dairy. Baseline and postintervention outcomes measured were perceived quality of life via the MOS 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey, version 2 (SF-36v2), daily mood states via the Profile of Mood States (POMS), sleep perceptions via the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, and sleep patterns via actigraphy. Data were analyzed via a doubly repeated-measures ANOVA adjusted for age, sex, and body mass at each time point. Results Following a Med-Pattern did not change domains of physical health, mental health, total mood disturbances, sleep perceptions, and sleep patterns but improved subdomains of physical health role limitations (SF-36v2: 93.6-96.7%; P = 0.038), vitality (SF-36v2: 57.9-63.0%; P = 0.020), and fatigue (POMS: 2.9-2.5 arbitrary units; P = 0.039). There were no differences between the Med-Red and Med-Control Patterns (time × pattern, P-interaction > 0.05). Conclusion Following a Med-Pattern, independent of lean, unprocessed red meat intake, may not be an effective short-term strategy to meaningfully improve indexes of personal well-being in adults who are overweight or obese. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT02573129.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Douglas Paddon-Jones
- Department of Nutrition and Metabolism, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX
| | - A J Schwichtenberg
- Human Development and Family Studies, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN
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12
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Wang S, Ma W, Wang SM, Yi X. A Cross Sectional Examination of the Relation Between Depression and Frequency of Leisure Time Physical Exercise among the Elderly in Jinan, China. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 15:ijerph15092041. [PMID: 30231530 PMCID: PMC6164447 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15092041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Revised: 09/09/2018] [Accepted: 09/14/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Depression has become a major global public health problem. Many studies have shown the positive effects of physical exercise on depression. However, few studies have examined the relationship between frequency of leisure time physical exercise and depression without considering the time and intensity of exercise among middle-aged and elderly people of urban communities in northern China. We conducted a cross-sectional survey that included 1604 participants among urban residents aged 50 years or older in China to evaluate how the frequency of physical exercise was related to depression. Our study showed that the prevalence of depression in the urban community of Jinan is 16.52%. For physical exercise, the odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for 1~2 times per week, 3~4 times per week and ≥5 times per week were 1.137 (0.661, 1.953), 0.516 (0.304, 0.875) and 0.548 (0.392, 0.768) respectively, with adjustment for age, gender, marital status, BMI, hypertension, previously diagnosed type 2 diabetes, triglyceride, total cholesterol, soy food intake, milk food intake, vegetable and fruit intake and meat intake. We concluded that physically exercising three times a week is associated with a low prevalence of depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shukang Wang
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Shandong University, 44, Wenhuaxi Street, Jinan 250012, China.
| | - Wei Ma
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shandong University, 44, Wenhuaxi Street, Jinan 250012, China.
| | - Shu-Mei Wang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shandong University, 44, Wenhuaxi Street, Jinan 250012, China.
| | - Xiangren Yi
- Department of Sport and Health, the College of Physical Education, Shandong University, 17923, Jingshi Street, Jinan 250061, China.
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13
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Hong SA, Peltzer K. Dietary behaviour, psychological well-being and mental distress among adolescents in Korea. Child Adolesc Psychiatry Ment Health 2017; 11:56. [PMID: 29209411 PMCID: PMC5706161 DOI: 10.1186/s13034-017-0194-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2017] [Accepted: 11/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dietary intake is important for physical and mental health. The aim of this investigation was to assess associations between dietary behaviours and psychological well-being and distress among school-going adolescents in Korea. METHODS In a cross-sectional nationally representative survey, 65,212 students (Mean age = 15.1 years, SE = 0.02 and 52.2% male and 47.8% female) responded to a questionnaire that included measures of dietary behaviour, psychological well-being and mental distress. RESULTS In logistic regression analyses, adjusted for age, sex, socioeconomic status, school level, school types, Body Mass Index, physical activity, and substance use, positive dietary behaviours (regular breakfast, fruit, vegetable, and milk consumption) were positively and unhealthy dietary behaviours (intake of caffeine, soft drinks, sweet drinks and fast food consumption) were negatively associated with self-reported health, happiness and sleep satisfaction. Positive dietary behaviours (regular breakfast, fruit, vegetable, and milk consumption) were negatively associated with perceived stress and depression symptoms. Unhealthy dietary behaviours (consumption of fast food, caffeine, sweetened drinks and soft drinks) were associated with perceived stress and depression symptoms. CONCLUSIONS The study found strong cross-sectional evidence that healthy dietary behaviours were associated with lower mental distress and higher psychological well-being. It remains unclear, if a healthier dietary behaviour is the cause or the sequela of a more positive well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seo Ah Hong
- ASEAN Institute for Health Development, Mahidol University, Salaya, Phutthamonthon, Nakhon Pathom 73170 Thailand.,Institute for Health and Society, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Karl Peltzer
- Department for Management of Science and Technology Development, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.,Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
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14
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Wolniczak I, Cáceres-DelAguila JA, Maguiña JL, Bernabe-Ortiz A. Fruits and vegetables consumption and depressive symptoms: A population-based study in Peru. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0186379. [PMID: 29023513 PMCID: PMC5638500 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0186379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2017] [Accepted: 09/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Among different factors, diet patterns seem to be related to depression. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between the consumption of fruits and/or vegetables and depressive symptoms. Methodology/Principal findings A secondary data analysis was conducted using information from a population-based survey from 25 regions from Peru. The outcome was the presence of depressive symptoms according to the Patient Health Questionnaire (cutoff ≥15 to define major depressive syndrome); whereas the exposure was the self-reported consumption of fruits and/or vegetables (in tertiles and using WHO recommendation ≥5 servings/day). The association of interest was evaluated using Poisson regression models controlling for the complex-sample survey design and potential confounders. Data from 25,901 participants were analyzed, mean age 44.2 (SD: 17.7) and 13,944 (54.0%) women. Only 910 (3.8%; 95%CI: 3.5%–4.2%) individuals reported consuming ≥5 servings of fruits and/or vegetables/day; whereas 819 (2.8%; 95%CI: 2.5%–3.1%) had depressive symptoms. Those in the lowest tertile of fruits and/or vegetables consumption had greater prevalence of depressive symptoms (PR = 1.88; 95%CI: 1.39–2.55) than those in the highest tertile. This association was stronger with fruits (PR = 1.92; 95%CI: 1.46–2.53) than vegetables (PR = 1.42; 95%CI: 1.05–1.93) alone. Conclusions An inverse relationship between consumption of fruits and/or vegetables and depressive symptoms is reported. Less than 5% of subjects reported consuming the amount of fruits and vegetables recommended by the WHO. There is a need to implement strategies to promote better diet patterns with potential impact on mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabella Wolniczak
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas–UPC, Lima, Perú
| | - José A. Cáceres-DelAguila
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas–UPC, Lima, Perú
| | - Jorge L. Maguiña
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas–UPC, Lima, Perú
| | - Antonio Bernabe-Ortiz
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas–UPC, Lima, Perú
- CRONICAS Center of Excellence in Chronic Diseases, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Perú
- Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
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15
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Sui Z, Raubenheimer D, Rangan A. Consumption patterns of meat, poultry, and fish after disaggregation of mixed dishes: secondary analysis of the Australian National Nutrition and Physical Activity Survey 2011-12. BMC Nutr 2017; 3:52. [PMID: 32153832 PMCID: PMC7050704 DOI: 10.1186/s40795-017-0171-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2017] [Accepted: 06/14/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background With the increased consumption of mixed dishes, the need for more precise quantitative data on individual food components is becoming more important. This paper aims to examine the consumption of meat, poultry, and fish before and after disaggregation of mixed dishes, and its contribution to energy and nutrient intakes in a representative sample of Australians. Methods This study utilised a 24-h recall of 12,153 people aged two years and over participating in the 2011–12 National Nutrition and Physical Activity Survey. Consumption of meat/poultry/fish was examined before and after disaggregation of mixed dishes where all meat products and mixed dishes were separated into individual food components. Comparison between these two methods was undertaken for consumption data and contribution to energy and nutrient intakes, reported by meat type. Results Disaggregation of mixed dishes resulted in lower estimated intakes of red meat (9%), poultry (25%), and fish (18%) but higher estimates of processed meat (17%). Meat/poultry/fish contributed approximately 25% of total energy intake, 49% protein, 29% saturated fat, 26% iron, and 38% of zinc intake after disaggregation, which was significantly higher than their contributions reflected in survey data containing mixed dishes. Per-capita consumption of all meat/poultry/fish was 118 g/day for children and 162 g/day for adults, with chicken and beef being the highest contributors. Conclusion These findings provide a detailed picture of meat/poultry/fish consumption in Australia, and emphasise the need for population studies to disaggregate reported food information to provide a more precise estimate of consumption. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s40795-017-0171-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhixian Sui
- 1Charles Perkins Centre, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006 Australia.,2Nutrition and Dietetics Group, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006 Australia
| | - David Raubenheimer
- 1Charles Perkins Centre, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006 Australia
| | - Anna Rangan
- 1Charles Perkins Centre, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006 Australia.,2Nutrition and Dietetics Group, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006 Australia
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16
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Richard A, Rohrmann S, Vandeleur CL, Lasserre AM, Strippoli MPF, Eichholzer M, Glaus J, Marques-Vidal P, Vollenweider P, Preisig M. Adherence to dietary recommendations is not associated with depression in two Swiss population-based samples. Psychiatry Res 2017; 252:310-318. [PMID: 28327446 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2017.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2016] [Revised: 01/22/2017] [Accepted: 03/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Little is known about adherence to dietary recommendations and depression. Furthermore, dietary habits may differ among depression subtypes, which has not been evaluated previously. Two population-based Swiss studies, including 3620 individuals from PsyCoLaus and 11,032 individuals from the Swiss Health Survey 2012 (SHS), were used to examine the associations between adherence to common dietary guidelines and odds of depressive disorders. In both studies, depression was assessed by validated instruments. Adherence to dietary recommendations were assessed by a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (PsyCoLaus) and by single item questions (SHS). Logistic regression analyses were used to assess the association of adhering to dietary recommendations with depression. For the analyses of diet with depression subtypes maximum-likelihood multinomial (polytomous) logistic regression analyses were conducted. No association of adherence to dietary recommendations with current major depressive disorder (MDD) was observed in any of the two study populations except for adherence to fish consumption, which was positively associated with MDD in the SHS. For depression subtypes, statistically significantly positive associations of vegetable consumption and adherence to the 5-a-day recommendation with current unspecified and current melancholic MDD were found. In conclusion, we don't see consistent associations between adherence to dietary recommendations and MDD or subtypes of depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline Richard
- Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Sabine Rohrmann
- Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Caroline L Vandeleur
- Centre for Research in Psychiatric Epidemiology and Psychopathology, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital, Prilly, Switzerland
| | - Aurélie M Lasserre
- Centre for Research in Psychiatric Epidemiology and Psychopathology, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital, Prilly, Switzerland
| | - Marie-Pierre F Strippoli
- Centre for Research in Psychiatric Epidemiology and Psychopathology, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital, Prilly, Switzerland
| | - Monika Eichholzer
- Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jennifer Glaus
- Centre for Research in Psychiatric Epidemiology and Psychopathology, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital, Prilly, Switzerland; Genetic Epidemiology Research Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Pedro Marques-Vidal
- Department of Internal Medicine, Internal Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Peter Vollenweider
- Department of Internal Medicine, Internal Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Martin Preisig
- Centre for Research in Psychiatric Epidemiology and Psychopathology, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital, Prilly, Switzerland
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17
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Miyake Y, Tanaka K, Okubo H, Sasaki S, Furukawa S, Arakawa M. Milk intake during pregnancy is inversely associated with the risk of postpartum depressive symptoms in Japan: the Kyushu Okinawa Maternal and Child Health Study. Nutr Res 2016; 36:907-913. [PMID: 27632910 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2016.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2016] [Revised: 05/19/2016] [Accepted: 06/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Only one epidemiologic study has investigated the association between dairy product intake during pregnancy and postpartum depressive symptoms. Epidemiologic evidence on the relationships between calcium and vitamin D intake during pregnancy and postpartum depressive symptoms is also lacking. The present prospective study examined these issues in Japan. Study subjects were 1319 women. During pregnancy, dietary intake during the preceding month was assessed using a self-administered diet history questionnaire in the baseline survey. Postpartum depressive symptoms were defined as present when subjects had an Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale score of 9 or higher between 3 and 4 months postpartum. Adjustment was made for age, gestation at baseline, region of residence, number of children, family structure, history of depression, family history of depression, job type, education, body mass index, having smoked during pregnancy, cesarean delivery, baby's sex, baby's birth weight, and total energy intake. After adjustment for the confounding factors, compared with milk intake in the lowest quartile, intake levels in the second and fourth quartiles were independently associated with a reduced risk of postpartum depressive symptoms, although the inverse exposure-response relationship was not significant: the adjusted odds ratio between extreme quartiles was 0.51 (95% confidence interval, 0.28-0.93; P for trend = .12). No material relationships were observed between intake of total dairy products, yogurt, cheese, calcium, or vitamin D and the risk of postpartum depressive symptoms. The present prospective cohort study in Japan suggests that higher milk intake during pregnancy is associated with a reduced risk of postpartum depressive symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihiro Miyake
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime, Japan; Epidemiology and Medical Statistics Unit, Translational Research Center, Ehime University Hospital, Ehime, Japan.
| | - Keiko Tanaka
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime, Japan; Epidemiology and Medical Statistics Unit, Translational Research Center, Ehime University Hospital, Ehime, Japan
| | - Hitomi Okubo
- Department of Health Promotion, National Institute of Public Health, Saitama, Japan
| | - Satoshi Sasaki
- Department of Social and Preventive Epidemiology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shinya Furukawa
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime, Japan; Epidemiology and Medical Statistics Unit, Translational Research Center, Ehime University Hospital, Ehime, Japan
| | - Masashi Arakawa
- Health Tourism Research Fields, Graduate School of Tourism Sciences, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan
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18
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Forsyth A, Deane FP, Williams P. A lifestyle intervention for primary care patients with depression and anxiety: A randomised controlled trial. Psychiatry Res 2015; 230:537-44. [PMID: 26453120 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2015.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2014] [Revised: 08/10/2015] [Accepted: 10/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of a diet and exercise lifestyle intervention on mental health outcomes for patients currently being treated for depression and/or anxiety in primary care. Patients (n=119) referred by general practitioners to the 12-week randomised controlled trial were assigned to either an intervention of six visits to a dual qualified dietitian/exercise physiologist (DEP) where motivational interviewing and activity scheduling were used to engage patients in individually-tailored lifestyle change (focussed on diet and physical activity), or an attention control with scheduled telephone contact. Assessments conducted at baseline (n=94) and 12 weeks (n=60) were analysed with an intent-to-treat approach using linear mixed modelling. Significant improvement was found for both groups on Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS) scores, measures of nutrient intake and total Australian modified Healthy Eating Index (Aust-HEI) scores. Significant differences between groups over time were found only for iron intake and body mass index. Patients participating in individual consultations with a dietitian were more likely to maintain or improve diet quality than those participating in an attention control. This study provides initial evidence to support the role of dietitians in the management of patients with depression and/or anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrienne Forsyth
- School of Health Sciences, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia.
| | - Frank P Deane
- Illawarra Institute for Mental Health and School of Psychology, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
| | - Peter Williams
- School of Health Sciences, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
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19
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Fish consumption and depressive symptoms in undergraduate students: A cross-sectional analysis. Eur Psychiatry 2015; 30:983-7. [PMID: 26495907 DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpsy.2015.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2015] [Revised: 08/21/2015] [Accepted: 09/20/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Emerging evidence suggests that fish consumption may have beneficial effects on mood disorders. However, no study has been reported on this issue in young adults to date. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between fish consumption and depressive symptoms in Japanese undergraduate students. METHODS The 20-item Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale was used to measure depressive symptoms with a cut-off score of 16. A total of 4190 completed questionnaires (from 2124 men and 2066 women) were received for analysis. RESULTS Multivariate logistic analysis showed that fish intake was inversely associated with risk of depressive symptoms in undergraduate students. After adjustment for possible confounders, the odds-ratios (95% confidence intervals) for fish intake 1-2 times/month, 1-2 times/week, 3-4 times/week, and almost every day (compared with "almost never") were 0.78 (0.62-0.99), 0.70 (0.56-0.87), 0.67 (0.53-0.85) and 0.65 (0.46-0.92), respectively. This association tended to be stronger in women than in men. CONCLUSIONS Frequent fish consumption in undergraduate students seems to moderate depressive symptoms. Further research is warranted to clarify the causality.
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Fayet-Moore F, Baghurst K, Meyer BJ. Four Models Including Fish, Seafood, Red Meat and Enriched Foods to Achieve Australian Dietary Recommendations for n-3 LCPUFA for All Life-Stages. Nutrients 2015; 7:8602-14. [PMID: 26492269 PMCID: PMC4632433 DOI: 10.3390/nu7105413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2015] [Revised: 09/25/2015] [Accepted: 10/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Populations are not meeting recommended intakes of omega-3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 LCPUFA). The aim was (i) to develop a database on n-3 LCPUFA enriched products; (ii) to undertake dietary modelling exercise using four dietary approaches to meet the recommendations and (iii) to determine the cost of the models. Six n-3 LCPUFA enriched foods were identified. Fish was categorised by n-3 LCPUFA content (mg/100 g categories as “excellent” “good” and “moderate”). The four models to meet recommended n-3 LCPUFA intakes were (i) fish only; (ii) moderate fish (with red meat and enriched foods); (iii) fish avoiders (red meat and enriched foods only); and (iv) lacto-ovo vegetarian diet (enriched foods only). Diets were modelled using the NUTTAB2010 database and n-3 LCPUFA were calculated and compared to the Suggested Dietary Targets (SDT). The cost of meeting these recommendations was calculated per 100 mg n-3 LCPUFA. The SDT were achieved for all life-stages with all four models. The weekly food intake in number of serves to meet the n-3 LCPUFA SDT for all life-stages for each dietary model were: (i) 2 “excellent” fish; (ii) 1 “excellent” and 1 “good” fish, and depending on life-stage, 3–4 lean red meat, 0–2 eggs and 3–26 enriched foods; (iii) 4 lean red meat, and 20–59 enriched foods; (iv) 37–66 enriched foods. Recommended intakes of n-3 LCPUFA were easily met by the consumption of fish, which was the cheapest source of n-3 LCPUFA. Other strategies may be required to achieve the recommendations including modifying the current food supply through feeding practices, novel plant sources and more enriched foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flavia Fayet-Moore
- Nutrition Research Australia, Level 13/167 Macquarie St, Sydney, NSW 2000, Australia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +61-(2)-8667-3072; Fax: +61-(2)-8667-3200
| | | | - Barbara J. Meyer
- School of Medicine, University of Wollongong, Northfields Ave, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia;
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Evaluation of Nutritional Status of Patients with Depression. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:521481. [PMID: 26413529 PMCID: PMC4564617 DOI: 10.1155/2015/521481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2015] [Revised: 08/06/2015] [Accepted: 08/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Aims and Objectives. Our goal was to determine nutritional status, body composition, and biochemical parameters of patients diagnosed with depression based on DSM-IV-TR criteria. Methods. A total of 59 individuals, aged 18–60 years admitted to Mental Health Centre of Kayseri Education and Research Hospital, were included in the study. The participants were randomly assigned to two groups; depression group (n = 29) and control group (n = 30). Anthropometric measurements, some biochemical parameters, demographic data, and 24-hour dietary recall were evaluated. Results. 65.5% of depression and 60.0% of control group were female. Intake of vitamins A, thiamine, riboflavin, B6, folate, C, Na, K, Mg, Ca, P, Fe, Zn, and fibre (p < 0.05) were lower in depression group. Median levels of body weight, waist circumference, hip circumference, waist-to-hip ratio (p < 0.05) were significantly higher in depression group. Fasting blood glucose levels, serum vitamins B12, and folic acid (p < 0.05) in depression group were lower than controls. Serum insulin and HOMA levels of two groups were similar. Conclusion. Some vitamin B consumption and serum vitamin B12 and folic acid levels were low while signs of abdominal obesity were high among patients with depression. Future research exploring nutritional status of individuals with depression is warranted.
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Dipnall JF, Pasco JA, Meyer D, Berk M, Williams LJ, Dodd S, Jacka FN. The association between dietary patterns, diabetes and depression. J Affect Disord 2015; 174:215-24. [PMID: 25527991 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2014.11.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2014] [Revised: 11/16/2014] [Accepted: 11/17/2014] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Type 2 diabetes and depression are commonly comorbid high-prevalence chronic disorders. Diet is a key diabetes risk factor and recent research has highlighted the relevance of diet as a possible risk for factor common mental disorders. This study aimed to investigate the interrelationship among dietary patterns, diabetes and depression. METHODS Data were integrated from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Study (2009-2010) for adults aged 18+ (n=4588, Mean age=43yr). Depressive symptoms were measured by the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 and diabetes status determined via self-report, usage of diabetic medication and/or fasting glucose levels ≥126mg/dL and a glycated hemoglobin level ≥6.5% (48mmol/mol). A 24-h dietary recall interview was given to determine intakes. Multiple logistic regression was employed, with depression the outcome, and dietary patterns and diabetes the predictors. Covariates included gender, age, marital status, education, race, adult food insecurity level, ratio of family income to poverty, and serum C-reactive protein. RESULTS Exploratory factor analysis revealed five dietary patterns (healthy; unhealthy; sweets; 'Mexican' style; breakfast) explaining 39.8% of the total variance. The healthy dietary pattern was associated with reduced odds of depression for those with diabetes (OR 0.68, 95% CI [0.52, 0.88], p=0.006) and those without diabetes (OR 0.79, 95% CI [0.64, 0.97], p=0.029) (interaction p=0.048). The relationship between the sweets dietary pattern and depression was fully explained by diabetes status. CONCLUSION In this study, a healthy dietary pattern was associated with a reduced likelihood of depressive symptoms, especially for those with Type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna F Dipnall
- IMPACT Strategic Research Centre, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia; Department of Statistics, Data Science and Epidemiology, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, VIC, Australia.
| | - Julie A Pasco
- IMPACT Strategic Research Centre, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia; NorthWest Academic Centre, Department of Medicine, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
| | - Denny Meyer
- Department of Statistics, Data Science and Epidemiology, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, VIC, Australia.
| | - Michael Berk
- IMPACT Strategic Research Centre, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia; Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia; Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Orygen, The National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health, Parkville, VIC, Australia.
| | - Lana J Williams
- IMPACT Strategic Research Centre, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia.
| | - Seetal Dodd
- IMPACT Strategic Research Centre, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia; Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia; Orygen, The National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health, Parkville, VIC, Australia.
| | - Felice N Jacka
- IMPACT Strategic Research Centre, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia; Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia; Centre for Adolescent Health, Murdoch Children׳s Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Black Dog Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
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Natural environments, ancestral diets, and microbial ecology: is there a modern "paleo-deficit disorder"? Part II. J Physiol Anthropol 2015; 34:9. [PMID: 25889196 PMCID: PMC4353476 DOI: 10.1186/s40101-014-0040-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2014] [Accepted: 12/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Famed microbiologist René J. Dubos (1901–1982) was an early pioneer in the developmental origins of health and disease (DOHaD) construct. In the 1960s, he conducted groundbreaking research concerning the ways in which early-life experience with nutrition, microbiota, stress, and other environmental variables could influence later-life health outcomes. He recognized the co-evolutionary relationship between microbiota and the human host. Almost 2 decades before the hygiene hypothesis, he suggested that children in developed nations were becoming too sanitized (vs. our ancestral past) and that scientists should determine whether the childhood environment should be “dirtied up in a controlled manner.” He also argued that oft-celebrated growth chart increases via changes in the global food supply and dietary patterns should not be equated to quality of life and mental health. Here in the second part of our review, we reflect the words of Dubos off contemporary research findings in the areas of diet, the gut-brain-axis (microbiota and anxiety and depression) and microbial ecology. Finally, we argue, as Dubos did 40 years ago, that researchers should more closely examine the relevancy of silo-sequestered, reductionist findings in the larger picture of human quality of life. In the context of global climate change and the epidemiological transition, an allergy epidemic and psychosocial stress, our review suggests that discussions of natural environments, urbanization, biodiversity, microbiota, nutrition, and mental health, are often one in the same.
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Park RJ, Moon JD. Coffee and depression in Korea: the fifth Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Eur J Clin Nutr 2014; 69:501-4. [DOI: 10.1038/ejcn.2014.247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2013] [Revised: 10/02/2014] [Accepted: 10/15/2014] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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El Ansari W, Adetunji H, Oskrochi R. Food and mental health: relationship between food and perceived stress and depressive symptoms among university students in the United Kingdom. Cent Eur J Public Health 2014; 22:90-7. [PMID: 25230537 DOI: 10.21101/cejph.a3941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The current study assessed, by university and sex, the association between nutritional behaviour (twelve independent variables), and stress and depressive symptoms (dependent variables) in a sample from three UK countries. METHODS A cross-sectional survey was undertaken among undergraduates enrolled across seven universities in England, Wales and Northern Ireland (N = 3,706). Self-administered questionnaires included a 12-item food frequency questionnaire, Cohen's Perceived Stress Scale and modified Beck Depression Inventory. Sex and university comparisons were undertaken. Univariable and multivariable regression analyses were computed for each of the two outcomes--perceived stress and depressive symptoms. RESULTS The frequencies of consuming of the various food groups differed by university and sex, as did depressive symptoms and perceived stress. Multivariable regression analyses indicated that consuming 'unhealthy' foods (e.g. sweets, cookies, snacks, fast food) was significantly positively associated with perceived stress (females only) and depressive symptoms (both males and females). Conversely, consuming 'healthy' foods (e.g. fresh fruits, salads, cooked vegetables) was significantly negatively associated with perceived stress and depressive symptoms scores for both sexes. There was significant negative association between consuming fish/sea food and depressive symptoms among males only. For males and for females, consuming lemonade/soft drinks, meat/sausage products, dairy/dairy products, and cereal/cereal products were not associated with either perceived stress or depressive symptoms. CONCLUSIONS The associations between consuming 'unhealthy' foods and higher depressive symptoms and perceived stress among male and female students as well as the associations between consuming 'healthy' foods and lower depressive symptoms and perceived stress among male and female students in three UK countries suggest that interventions to reduce depressive symptoms and stress among students could also result in the consumption of healthier foods and/or vice versa.
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Abstract
Several prospective epidemiological studies on large cohorts have consistently reported an association between milk intake and a higher incidence of Parkinson’s disease (PD). Pesticide contamination of milk and milk’s urate-lowering effects have been put forward as risk factors to explain epidemiological data. This has led to considerable uncertainty among physicians and avoidance of dairy products by PD patients. However, neither factor stands up to the rational and detailed examination of the literature carried out in this mini-review. We suggest that changes in eating behavior related to pre-motor PD are an alternative potential explanation of correlations observed between milk intake and PD occurrence. Despite clear-cut associations between milk intake and PD incidence, there is no rational explanation for milk being a risk factor for PD. Based on current knowledge, limiting the consumption of dairy products does not seem to be a reasonable strategy in the prevention of the development and progression of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Kistner
- Movement Disorder Unit, Department of Psychiatry and Neurology, University Hospital Grenoble , Grenoble , France ; Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale, Unité 836, Equipe 11, Grenoble Institut des Neurosciences , Grenoble , France
| | - Paul Krack
- Movement Disorder Unit, Department of Psychiatry and Neurology, University Hospital Grenoble , Grenoble , France ; Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale, Unité 836, Equipe 11, Grenoble Institut des Neurosciences , Grenoble , France ; Joseph Fourier University , Grenoble , France
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27
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Smith KJ, Sanderson K, McNaughton SA, Gall SL, Dwyer T, Venn AJ. Longitudinal associations between fish consumption and depression in young adults. Am J Epidemiol 2014; 179:1228-35. [PMID: 24737638 DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwu050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Few studies have examined longitudinal associations between fish consumption and depression; none have defined depression using a diagnostic tool. We investigated whether fish consumption was associated with fewer new depression episodes in a national study of Australian adults. In 2004-2006, 1,386 adults aged 26-36 years (38% males) completed a 127-item (9 fish items) food frequency questionnaire. Fish intake was examined continuously (times/week) and dichotomously (reference group: <2 times/week). During 2009-2011, the lifetime version of the Composite International Diagnostic Interview was administered by telephone. New episodes of major depression/dysthymic disorder (since baseline) were defined using the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition. During follow-up, 160 (18.8%) women and 70 (13.1%) men experienced depression. For women, each additional weekly serving of fish consumed at baseline decreased the risk of having a new depressive episode by 6% (adjusted relative risk = 0.94, 95% confidence interval: 0.87, 1.01). Women who ate fish ≥2 times/week at baseline had a 25% lower risk of depression during follow-up than those who ate fish <2 times/week (adjusted relative risk = 0.75, 95% confidence interval: 0.57, 0.99). Reverse causation was also suggested but appeared to be restricted to persons with recent depression. Fish consumption was not associated with depression in men. These findings provide further evidence that fish consumption may be beneficial for women's mental health.
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28
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Lai JS, Hiles S, Bisquera A, Hure AJ, McEvoy M, Attia J. A systematic review and meta-analysis of dietary patterns and depression in community-dwelling adults. Am J Clin Nutr 2014; 99:181-97. [PMID: 24196402 DOI: 10.3945/ajcn.113.069880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 466] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies of single nutrients on depression have produced inconsistent results, and they have failed to consider the complex interactions between nutrients. An increasing number of studies in recent years are investigating the association of overall dietary patterns and depression. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to systematically review current literature and conduct meta-analyses of studies addressing the association between dietary patterns and depression. DESIGN Six electronic databases were searched for articles published up to August 2013 that examined the association of total diet and depression among adults. Only studies considered methodologically rigorous were included. Two independent reviewers completed study selection, quality rating, and data extraction. Effect sizes of eligible studies were pooled by using random-effects models. A summary of the findings was presented for studies that could not be meta-analyzed. RESULTS A total of 21 studies were identified. Results from 13 observational studies were pooled. Two dietary patterns were identified. The healthy diet pattern was significantly associated with a reduced odds of depression (OR: 0.84; 95% CI: 0.76, 0.92; P < 0.001). No statistically significant association was observed between the Western diet and depression (OR: 1.17; 95% CI: 0.97, 1.68; P = 0.094); however, the studies were too few for a precise estimate of this effect. CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that high intakes of fruit, vegetables, fish, and whole grains may be associated with a reduced depression risk. However, more high-quality randomized controlled trials and cohort studies are needed to confirm this finding, specifically the temporal sequence of this association.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun S Lai
- Priority Research Centre for Gender, Health and Ageing (JSL and AJH), the Priority Research Centre for Translational Neuroscience and Mental Health (SH), and the Centre for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics (MM and JA), University of Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia; the Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia (AB, AJH, and JA); and the John Hunter Hospital, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia (JA)
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