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Paul S, Kaushik R, Chawla P, Upadhyay S, Rawat D, Akhtar A. Vitamin-D as a multifunctional molecule for overall well-being: An integrative review. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2024; 62:10-21. [PMID: 38901929 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2024.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
Vitamin D is amongst the most important biomolecules to regularize and help in sustainable health, however, based on the studies, deficiency of this multifunctional vitamin is common. Vitamin D, besides playing a role in the form of vitamins, also acts as a multifunctional hormone (steroid). Vitamin D is synthesized inside the body through various steps starting from ultraviolet radiation exposure and comes from limited food sources, however, vitamin D-fortified food products are still among the major sources of vitamin D. Current review, focused on how vitamin D acts as a multifunctional molecule by effecting different functions in the body in normal or specific conditions and how it is important in fortification and how it can be managed from the available literature till date. During the Covid pandemic, people were aware of vitamin D and took supplementation, fortified foods, and sat under sunlight. As COVID prevalence decreases, people start forgetting about vitamin D. Vitamin D is very crucial for overall well-being as it has protective effects against a broad range of diseases as it can reduce inflammation, cancer cell growth and helps in controlling infection, increase metabolism, muscle, and bone strength, neurotransmitter expression, etc. Therefore, the present review is to provoke the population, and fulfillment of the vitamin D recommended dietary allowance daily must be confirmed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Snigdha Paul
- UPES, Bidholi, Dehradun 248007, Uttarakhand, India
| | | | - Prince Chawla
- Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, Punjab, India
| | | | - Divya Rawat
- UPES, Bidholi, Dehradun 248007, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Ansab Akhtar
- Louisiana State University, School of Medicine, New Orleans, USA
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Ghazaey Zidanloo S, Jahantigh D, Amini N. Vitamin D-Binding Protein and Acute Myeloid Leukemia: A Genetic Association Analysis in Combination with Vitamin D Levels. Nutr Cancer 2023; 75:470-481. [PMID: 36511892 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2022.2156551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Genetic variations in the vitamin D-binding protein (VDBP) may be associated with the plasma level of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D. Furthermore, vitamin D deficiency increases the risk of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). This study aimed to examine the potential association of VDBP genetic variants (rs7041 and rs4588) with AML susceptibility. The polymorphisms in the VDBP gene and serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels were analyzed in 227 AML patients and 240 healthy controls enrolled in this study. Our data revealed that rs4588 CA and AA genotypes were significantly associated with AML susceptibility (OR = 1.483, p = 0.046; OR = 2.154, p = 0.013, respectively) and also with 61.59% vitamin D deficiency in the total group of AML patients. Under the TG co-dominant and dominant models, however, the rs7041 genotypes were significantly associated with AML protection (OR < 0.6; p < 0.05). In addition, vitamin D deficiency was prevalent in vitamin-D-deficient vs. sufficient AML patients who carried rs7041 and rs4588 mutant alleles (OR ≥ 2.2). Indeed, vitamin D deficiency and its interaction with the genetic variants of VDBP could change the risk of AML. Thus, vitamin D deficiency could be considered an important molecular factor in AML risk assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Danial Jahantigh
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Sistan and Baluchestan, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Nafiseh Amini
- Cancer Molecular Pathology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Sabico S, Wani K, Grant WB, Al-Daghri NM. Improved HDL Cholesterol through Vitamin D Status Correction Substantially Lowers 10-Year Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease Risk Score in Vitamin D-Deficient Arab Adults. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15030551. [PMID: 36771260 PMCID: PMC9921125 DOI: 10.3390/nu15030551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
This interventional study aimed to determine whether correcting vitamin D status in deficient Arab adults [25(OH)D <50 nmol/L] improves their 10-year risk of Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease (ASCVD) risk scores. Saudi adults (58 males 62 females) with baseline vitamin D deficiency (<50 nmol/L) were given 50,000 IU cholecalciferol weekly for 2 months, then twice a month, followed by daily 1000 IU until month 6. Fasting blood samples were collected pre- and post-intervention and assessed for glucose, lipids, and 25(OH)D levels. The predicted 10-year ASCVD risk scores were calculated at baseline and after intervention. At baseline, significantly higher 10-year ASCDV risk scores were observed in males than females (9% vs. 3%, p < 0.001). After 6 months, only 21% (25 out of 120) achieved 25(OH)D levels above optimal level (≥75 nmol/L). While modest improvements were seen in glucose and lipid profiles, only HDL cholesterol showed favorable significant changes in all participants, which translated to significantly improved 10-year ASCVD risk scores independent of whether they achieved optimum vitamin D status. Still, those who achieved optimal vitamin D levels had a modestly larger decrease in ASCVD risk scores than those with less optimal 25(OH)D levels (-23% versus -18%) and this improvement was slightly more pronounced in males (-26% versus -10%, or 16% improvement) than females (-47% versus -32%, or 15% improvement). In conclusion, vitamin D status correction significantly enhances HDL cholesterol which prospectively reduces 10-year ASCVD risk as vitamin D levels approach optimum status among adult Arabs with baseline vitamin D deficiency. This improvement appears to be slightly more apparent in males than females.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaun Sabico
- Biochemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Kaiser Wani
- Biochemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - William B. Grant
- Sunlight, Nutrition and Health Research Center, P.O. Box 641603, San Francisco, CA 94164-1603, USA
| | - Nasser M. Al-Daghri
- Biochemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +966-14675939
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[Vitamin D and polymorphisms of VDR and GC genes in the severity and mortality from COVID-19. A systematic review]. NUTR HOSP 2022; 39:1397-1407. [PMID: 36327123 DOI: 10.20960/nh.04299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Previous studies have pointed to a possible relationship between vitamin D deficiency and the severity of the disease promoted by SARS-CoV-2, reducing respiratory and cardiovascular complications caused by a hyperreaction of the immune system known as "cytokine storm". This vitamin exerts multiple functions that depend on the presence and levels of different proteins, such as the vitamin D receptor (VDR) and the vitamin D binding protein (DBP), and the existence of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the genes that encode these proteins. The objective of this review is to assess whether some VDR and GC SNPs are risk factors for the most severe forms of COVID-19 disease and whether they condition the response to vitamin D supplementation. A search was performed in PubMed, Google Scholar and Scielo, finding that genotypes in patients affected by COVID-19, were rarely performed, although some studies find a relationship between different alleles and the severity of the disease. The ApaI polymorphism of the VDR gene stands out, as the minor allele "a" increases the risk of mortality from COVID-19 (OR = 11.828, CI: 2,493-56,104, p = 0.002). Results divergency in the efficacy of vitamin D supplementation suggest the need for a larger number of studies. In conclusion, the study of VDR and GC polymorphisms seems essential to effectively treat vitamin D deficiency and particularly to protect against COVID-19. Well-designed studies are needed to elucidate whether plasma vitamin D levels play a role of casuality or causality.
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Hart MD, Girma M, Strong MD, Tadesse BT, Taddesse BM, Alemayehu FR, Stoecker BJ, Chowanadisai W. Vitamin D binding protein gene polymorphisms are associated with lower plasma 25-hydroxy-cholecalciferol concentrations in Ethiopian lactating women. Nutr Res 2022; 107:86-95. [PMID: 36206636 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2022.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Ethiopian women have been reported to have low plasma 25-hydroxy-cholecalciferol (25(OH)D) concentrations despite an abundance of sunshine. Low dietary vitamin D intake, limited skin exposure to sun, and genetics are among factors suggested to affect vitamin D status in this population. In this study (Clinical Trial NCT02210884), we hypothesized that polymorphisms in the vitamin D binding protein (VDBP) gene (rs7041, rs4588) are associated with reduced plasma 25(OH)D concentrations in Ethiopian women. Lactating Ethiopian women (n = 110) were randomly assigned to weekly administration of vitamin D3 (15,000 IU) or a placebo. Plasma 25(OH)D was measured at baseline (within 2 weeks of delivery, before supplementation) and at 3, 6, and 12 months after delivery. Associations between VDBP polymorphism status for rs7041 and rs4588 and plasma 25(OH)D were determined by analysis of variance and multiple linear and logistic regressions. Multiple linear regression with maternal age as a covariate revealed that rs7041 is associated with reduced plasma 25(OH)D (P = .021) and more risk alleles at rs7041 and rs4588 are associated with reduced plasma 25(OH)D (P = .017). Logistic regression models for vitamin D insufficiency showed that additional risk alleles for rs7041 and rs4588 are associated with increased odds ratios (OR = 1.66; 95% CI, 1.10-2.62; P = .019) for plasma 25(OH)D below 40 nmol/L. Supplementation increased plasma 25(OH)D at 3 months in women with fewer risk alleles and across all genotypes at 6 and 12 months. VDBP polymorphisms may contribute to vitamin D insufficiency in Ethiopian lactating women. Furthermore, VDBP polymorphisms may blunt short-term responses to vitamin D supplementation and require longer periods of intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew D Hart
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, 74078, USA
| | - Meron Girma
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, 74078, USA; School of Nutrition, Food Science, and Technology, Hawassa University, Hawassa, Ethiopia
| | - Morgan D Strong
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, 74078, USA
| | | | | | - Fikadu Reta Alemayehu
- School of Nutrition, Food Science, and Technology, Hawassa University, Hawassa, Ethiopia
| | - Barbara J Stoecker
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, 74078, USA.
| | - Winyoo Chowanadisai
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, 74078, USA.
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Yang M, Pang B, Wang Q, Zhang Z, Niu W. The causal association between genetically regulated 25OHD and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: A meta-analysis and Mendelian randomization study. Front Genet 2022; 13:932764. [PMID: 36338991 PMCID: PMC9629695 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.932764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Backgrounds and objectives: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a multifactorial disease under genetic control. We present a meta-analysis to examine the associations of vitamin D binding protein (VDBP) gene rs7041 polymorphism with the risk of COPD and changes in circulating 25OHD concentrations. Methods: A literature search, quality assessment, and data extraction were conducted independently by two investigators. Data are expressed as odds ratio (OR) or weighted mean difference (WMD) with a 95% confidence interval (CI). The inverse variance weighted method (IVW) in R (version 1.1.456) was applied to calculate the Mendelian randomization coefficient. Results: A total of 13 articles with 3,667 participants were meta-analyzed. The rs7041-GT genotype was associated with a 49% reduced COPD risk (OR: 0.51, 95% CI: 0.30 to 0.88, p = 0.014) compared to the rs7041-TT genotype. Carriers of the rs7041-GT genotype had significantly higher concentrations of circulating 25OHD than those with the rs7041-TT genotype (WMD: 0.32 ng/ml, 95% CI: 0.09 to 0.55, p = 0.006). Under the assumptions of Mendelian randomization, and assuming a linear logistic relationship between circulating 25OHD and COPD, an inverse association was noted after using VDBP gene rs7041 polymorphism as an instrument (WMD: −2.07, 95% CI: −3.72 to −0.41, p = 0.015). There was a low probability of publication bias. Conclusion: We observed significant associations of VDBP gene rs7041 polymorphism with the risk of COPD and changes in circulating 25OHD concentrations. Importantly, we found a causal relationship between genetically regulated 25OHD concentrations and COPD risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Yang
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Bo Pang
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Department of Pediatrics, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Qiong Wang
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Department of Pediatrics, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhixin Zhang
- International Medical Services, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Zhixin Zhang, ; Wenquan Niu,
| | - Wenquan Niu
- Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Zhixin Zhang, ; Wenquan Niu,
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Joseph JJ, Langan S, Lunyera J, Kluwe B, Williams A, Chen H, Sachs MC, Hairston KG, Bertoni AG, Hsueh WA, Golden SH. The association of serum vitamin D with incident diabetes in an African American population. Nutr Diabetes 2022; 12:43. [PMID: 36229458 PMCID: PMC9562299 DOI: 10.1038/s41387-022-00220-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Incident diabetes risk is inversely proportional to 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] levels among non-Hispanic white but is unclear among African American (AA) populations. Serum 25(OH)D2 may be an important component of total 25(OH)D among AA populations due to higher levels of melanin. OBJECTIVE To assess the association of serum 25(OH)D with incident diabetes among AAs and stratify by detectable 25(OH)D2. DESIGN Serum 25(OH)D2 and 25(OH)D3 were collected from 2000 to 2004 among AA participants in the Jackson Heart Study. A cosinor model was used to adjust for the seasonality of 25(OH)D3; 25(OH)D3 and 25(OH)D2 were combined to ascertain total 25(OH)D. Incident diabetes (fasting glucose ≥126 mg/dl, use of diabetes drugs, or HbA1c ≥6.5%) was assessed over 12 years among adults without diabetes at baseline. Participants with missing baseline covariates or diabetes follow-up were excluded. Hazard ratios (HR) were estimated using Cox modeling, adjusting for age, sex, education, occupation, smoking, physical activity, alcohol use, aldosterone, and body-mass index. RESULTS Among 3311 adults (mean age 53.3 years, 63% female) 584 participants developed diabetes over a median of 7.7 years. After adjustment, 25(OH)D ≥20 compared to <12 ng/ml was associated with a HR 0.78 (95% CI: 0.61, 1.00). Among participants with detectable 25(OH)D2 and 25(OH)D3 (n = 1671), 25(OH)D ≥ 20 ng/ml compared to <12 ng/ml was associated with a 35% (HR 0.65, 95% CI: 0.46, 0.91) lower risk of diabetes. CONCLUSIONS Higher levels of 25(OH)D may be protective against the development of diabetes among AA individuals, particularly among those with detectable 25(OH)D2 and 25(OH)D3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua J Joseph
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA.
| | - Susan Langan
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Joseph Lunyera
- Unit of Biostatistics, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Bjorn Kluwe
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Amaris Williams
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Haiying Chen
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Michael C Sachs
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Kristin G Hairston
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Alain G Bertoni
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Willa A Hsueh
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Sherita H Golden
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Variability in response to vitamin D supplementation according to vitamin D metabolism related gene polymorphisms in healthy adults. Eur J Clin Nutr 2022; 77:189-194. [PMID: 36167979 PMCID: PMC9514197 DOI: 10.1038/s41430-022-01218-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to determine the influence of polymorphisms in some key gene actors of the vitamin D (vitD) metabolic pathway on supplementation efficacy. METHODS In total, 245 healthy participants were recruited from occupational medicine service in Sahloul University Hospital with vitD deficiency [25(OH)D ≤ 30 ng/ml]. After giving an informed consent, all participants were asked to complete a generalized questionnaire and to follow a detailed personalized supplementation protocol. Genetic study was performed by PCR-RFLP for 15 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) belonging to DBP, CYP2R1, CYP27B14, CYP24A1 and VDR genes. Statistical study was carried out with SPSS23.0. RESULTS Among the studied SNPs, non-response was significantly associated with variant alleles of rs4588 (OR* = 11.51; p < 0.001), rs10766197 (OR* = 6.92; p = 0.008) and rs12794714 (OR* = 5.09; p = 0.004). These three SNPs contributed in 18.8% in response variability with rs4588 being the most influential (10.3%). There was a significant linear negative correlation between baseline 25(OH)D and post supplementation 25(OH)D concentration (r = -0.437; p < 0.001) as well as a linear negative association between the increase in 25(OH)D concentration and GRS (GRS: genetic risk score = the sum of risk alleles) (r = -0.149; p = 0.033). CONCLUSIONS DBP-rs4588, CYP2R1-rs10766197 and rs12794714 variants are associated with variations in serum 25(OH)D concentrations and efficacy of response to vitD supplementation in Tunisian adults. Taking into account these variations can help to better adapt vitD intake to ensure a higher response to supplementation.
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Hafez W. Commentary: Vitamin D status in relation to the clinical outcome of hospitalized COVID-19 patients. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:977540. [PMID: 36035432 PMCID: PMC9417290 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.977540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Wael Hafez
- NMC Royal Hospital, Khalifa City, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
- The Medical Research Division, Internal Medicine Department, The National Research Center, Cairo, Egypt
- *Correspondence: Wael Hafez ;
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Angiogenin Levels and Their Association with Cardiometabolic Indices Following Vitamin D Status Correction in Saudi Adults. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11020286. [PMID: 35205153 PMCID: PMC8868634 DOI: 10.3390/biology11020286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary Angiogenin (ANG) is a small 123 amino acid protein which in normal growth is associated with formation of new blood vessels in a process called angiogenesis; however, the abnormal levels of this protein in blood has been associated with diseases such as cancer, neurological disorders, and cardiovascular diseases. Vitamin D deficiency and elevated levels of blood lipids have also been associated with many diseases including cardiovascular diseases. In this study, the investigators tried to evaluate the relationship between the circulating levels of ANG, vitamin D, and lipids. The model used was vitamin D supplementation of deficient Saudi adults in order to find the effect of vitamin D correction on circulating levels of ANG and blood lipids. With vitamin D supplementation, modest but non-significant elevation in ANG was observed, as well as significant increase in apolipoproteins CIII and E and significant decrease in apo B. In addition, the correlation between circulating levels of ANG and apolipoproteins especially apo E observed in this study are interesting and should be investigated more as both are linked with neurologic disorders like Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases. Abstract Angiogenin (ANG), a multifunctional protein known to induce blood vessel formation, is a potential biomarker for cardiovascular diseases; however, whether it is affected by vitamin D supplementation is not known. This interventional study in vitamin D-deficient Saudi adults was designed to investigate it. A total of 100 vitamin D-deficient Saudi adults aged 30–50 years were randomly selected to undergo 6-month vitamin D supplementation. Circulating levels of fasting glucose, lipids, vitamin D, apolipoproteins (AI, AII, B, CI, CII, CIII, E, and H), and ANG were measured using commercially available assays at baseline and after six months. Overall, vitamin D levels increased significantly post intervention. With this, levels of apo-CIII and apo-E significantly increased (p-values of 0.001 and 0.009, respectively) with a significant parallel decrease in apo-B (p = 0.003). ANG levels were significantly positively associated with most apolipoproteins and inversely correlated with HDL-cholesterol. Post intervention, the changes in ANG levels were positively correlated with apo-E (r = 0.32; p < 0.01 in all subjects and r = 0.40; p < 0.05 in males). Vitamin D supplementation may modestly affect ANG levels. The association observed between ANG and apo-E is worthy of further investigation since both biomarkers have been linked to neurodegenerative disorders.
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Singh P, Rawat A, Saadaoui M, Elhag D, Tomei S, Elanbari M, Akobeng AK, Mustafa A, Abdelgadir I, Udassi S, Hendaus MA, Al Khodor S. Tipping the Balance: Vitamin D Inadequacy in Children Impacts the Major Gut Bacterial Phyla. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10020278. [PMID: 35203487 PMCID: PMC8869474 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10020278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D inadequacy appears to be on the rise globally, and it has been linked to an increased risk of osteoporosis, as well as metabolic, cardiovascular, and autoimmune diseases. Vitamin D concentrations are partially determined by genetic factors. Specific single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in genes involved in vitamin D transport, metabolism, or binding have been found to be associated with its serum concentration, and these SNPs differ among ethnicities. Vitamin D has also been suggested to be a regulator of the gut microbiota and vitamin D deficiency as the possible cause of gut microbial dysbiosis and inflammation. This pilot study aims to fill the gap in our understanding of the prevalence, cause, and implications of vitamin D inadequacy in a pediatric population residing in Qatar. Blood and fecal samples were collected from healthy subjects aged 4–14 years. Blood was used to measure serum metabolite of vitamin D, 25-hydroxycholecalciferol 25(OH)D. To evaluate the composition of the gut microbiota, fecal samples were subjected to 16S rRNA gene sequencing. High levels of vitamin D deficiency/insufficiency were observed in our cohort with 97% of the subjects falling into the inadequate category (with serum 25(OH)D < 75 nmol/L). The CT genotype in rs12512631, an SNP in the GC gene, was associated with low serum levels of vitamin D (ANOVA, p = 0.0356) and was abundant in deficient compared to non-deficient subjects. Overall gut microbial community structure was significantly different between the deficient (D) and non-deficient (ND) groups (Bray Curtis dissimilarity p = 0.049), with deficient subjects also displaying reduced gut microbial diversity. Significant differences were observed among the two major gut phyla, Firmicutes (F) and Bacteroidetes (B), where deficient subjects displayed a higher B/F ratio (p = 0.0097) compared to ND. Vitamin D deficient children also demonstrated gut enterotypes dominated by the genus Prevotella as opposed to Bacteroides. Our findings suggest that pediatric vitamin D inadequacy significantly impacts the gut microbiota. We also highlight the importance of considering host genetics and baseline gut microbiome composition in interpreting the clinical outcomes related to vitamin D deficiency as well as designing better personalized strategies for therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parul Singh
- Research Department, Sidra Medicine, Doha P.O. Box 26999, Qatar; (P.S.); (A.R.); (M.S.); (D.E.); (S.T.); (M.E.)
- College of Health and Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha P.O. Box 5825, Qatar
| | - Arun Rawat
- Research Department, Sidra Medicine, Doha P.O. Box 26999, Qatar; (P.S.); (A.R.); (M.S.); (D.E.); (S.T.); (M.E.)
| | - Marwa Saadaoui
- Research Department, Sidra Medicine, Doha P.O. Box 26999, Qatar; (P.S.); (A.R.); (M.S.); (D.E.); (S.T.); (M.E.)
| | - Duaa Elhag
- Research Department, Sidra Medicine, Doha P.O. Box 26999, Qatar; (P.S.); (A.R.); (M.S.); (D.E.); (S.T.); (M.E.)
| | - Sara Tomei
- Research Department, Sidra Medicine, Doha P.O. Box 26999, Qatar; (P.S.); (A.R.); (M.S.); (D.E.); (S.T.); (M.E.)
| | - Mohammed Elanbari
- Research Department, Sidra Medicine, Doha P.O. Box 26999, Qatar; (P.S.); (A.R.); (M.S.); (D.E.); (S.T.); (M.E.)
| | - Anthony K. Akobeng
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Sidra Medicine, Doha P.O. Box 26999, Qatar;
| | - Amira Mustafa
- Pediatric Department, Sidra Medicine, Doha P.O. Box 26999, Qatar; (A.M.); (S.U.); (M.A.H.)
| | | | - Sharda Udassi
- Pediatric Department, Sidra Medicine, Doha P.O. Box 26999, Qatar; (A.M.); (S.U.); (M.A.H.)
| | - Mohammed A. Hendaus
- Pediatric Department, Sidra Medicine, Doha P.O. Box 26999, Qatar; (A.M.); (S.U.); (M.A.H.)
| | - Souhaila Al Khodor
- Research Department, Sidra Medicine, Doha P.O. Box 26999, Qatar; (P.S.); (A.R.); (M.S.); (D.E.); (S.T.); (M.E.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +974-4003-7397
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Rozmus D, Płomiński J, Augustyn K, Cieślińska A. rs7041 and rs4588 Polymorphisms in Vitamin D Binding Protein Gene (VDBP) and the Risk of Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23020933. [PMID: 35055118 PMCID: PMC8779119 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23020933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of the study was to investigate the role of vitamin D binding protein (VDBP, DBP) and its polymorphism in the vitamin D pathway and human health. This narrative review shows the latest literature on the most popular diseases that have previously been linked to VDBP. Vitamin D plays a crucial role in human metabolism, controlling phosphorus and calcium homeostasis. Vitamin D binding protein bonds vitamin D and its metabolites and transports them to target tissues. The most common polymorphisms in the VDBP gene are rs4588 and rs7041, which are located in exon 11 in domain III of the VDBP gene. rs4588 and rs7041 may be correlated with differences not only in vitamin D status in serum but also with vitamin D metabolites. This review supports the role of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the VDBP gene and presents the latest data showing correlations between VDBP variants with important human diseases such as obesity, diabetes mellitus, tuberculosis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and others. In this review, we aim to systematize the knowledge regarding the occurrence of diseases and their relationship with vitamin D deficiencies, which may be caused by polymorphisms in the VDBP gene. Further research is required on the possible influence of SNPs, modifications in the structure of the binding protein, and their influence on the organism. It is also important to mention that most studies do not have a specific time of year to measure accurate vitamin D metabolite levels, which can be misleading in conclusions due to the seasonal nature of vitamin D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominika Rozmus
- Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland;
- Correspondence:
| | - Janusz Płomiński
- Clinical Department of Trauma-Orthopedic Surgery and Spine Surgery of the Provincial Specialist Hospital in Olsztyn, 10-561 Olsztyn, Poland;
- Department and Clinic of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Collegium Medicum, University of Warmia and Mazury, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Klaudia Augustyn
- Faculty of Medicine, Collegium Medicum, University of Warmia and Mazury, 10-082 Olsztyn, Poland;
| | - Anna Cieślińska
- Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland;
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Serum Vitamin D as a Biomarker in Autoimmune, Psychiatric and Neurodegenerative Diseases. Diagnostics (Basel) 2022; 12:diagnostics12010130. [PMID: 35054296 PMCID: PMC8774449 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12010130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D is a steroid hormone regulating calcium-phosphorus homeostasis, immune response and brain function. In the past thirty years, an increasing number of cohort studies, meta-analyses and randomized controlled trials (RTCs) evaluated the serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D], which is considered the Vitamin D status biomarker, in patients affected by neurological, psychiatric and autoimmune diseases. Although an association between low 25(OH)D serum levels and the prevalence of these diseases has been found, it is still unclear whether the serum 25(OH)D measurement can be clinically useful as a biomarker for diagnosis, prognosis and predicting treatment response in neurodegeneration, mental illness and immune-mediated disorders. The lack of standardized data, as well as discrepancies among the studies (in the analytical methods, cut-offs, endpoints and study sets), weakened the findings achieved, hindered pooling data, and, consequently, hampered drawing conclusions. This narrative review summarizes the main findings from the studies performed on serum 25(OH)D in neurological, psychiatric and autoimmune diseases, and clarifies whether or not serum 25(OH)D can be used as a reliable biomarker in these diseases.
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de Alarcón R, Alburquerque-González B, Fernández-Valera Á, Molina-Nuñez M, Álvarez Fernandez G, Consuegra-Sánchez L, Luengo-Gil G, Conesa-Zamora P. Pharmacogenetic role of vitamin D-binding protein and vitamin D receptor polymorphisms in the treatment response of dialysis patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2021; 37:792-795. [PMID: 34888693 DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfab353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Rosa de Alarcón
- Nephrology Department, Santa Lucia University Hospital, Cartagena, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Ginés Luengo-Gil
- Pathology Department. Santa Lucía General University Hospital (HGUSL), Cartagena, Spain.,Group of Molecular Pathology and Pharmacogenetics, Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB), Hospital Universitario Santa Lucía, Cartagena, Spain.,Clinical Analysis Department, Santa Lucia University Hospital, Cartagena, Spain
| | - Pablo Conesa-Zamora
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Católica de Murcia (UCAM), Guadalupe, Spain.,Group of Molecular Pathology and Pharmacogenetics, Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB), Hospital Universitario Santa Lucía, Cartagena, Spain.,Clinical Analysis Department, Santa Lucia University Hospital, Cartagena, Spain
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15
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Mimpen M, Rolf L, Poelmans G, van den Ouweland J, Hupperts R, Damoiseaux J, Smolders J. Vitamin D related genetic polymorphisms affect serological response to high-dose vitamin D supplementation in multiple sclerosis. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0261097. [PMID: 34855907 PMCID: PMC8638856 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0261097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction A poor 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) status is a much replicated risk factor for developing multiple sclerosis (MS), and several vitamin D-associated single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) have been associated with a higher risk of MS. However, studies on the benefit of vitamin D supplementation in MS show inconclusive results. Here, we explore whether vitamin D-associated SNPs and MS risk alleles confound serological response to vitamin D supplementation. Methods 34 participants from the SOLARIUM study consented to genotyping, of which 26 had vitamin D data available. The SOLARIUM study randomised relapsing-remitting MS patients to placebo or 14,000 IU vitamin D3 for 48 weeks. Participants were categorised as either ‘carriers’ or ‘non-carriers’ of the risk allele for 4 SNPs: two related to D binding protein (DBP) and associated with lower 25(OH)D levels (rs4588 and rs7041), and two related to vitamin D metabolism enzymes CYP27B1 and CYP24A1 and associated with a higher risk of MS (rs12368653; rs2248359, respectively). 25(OH)D levels were determined at baseline and after 48 weeks. Results The DBP-related SNPs showed no difference in 25(OH)D status at baseline, but carriers of the rs7041 risk allele showed lower 25(OH)D-levels compared to non-carriers after 48 weeks of supplementation (median 224.2 vs. 332.0 nmol/L, p = 0.013). For CYP related SNPs, neither showed a difference at baseline, but carriers of the rs12368653 risk allele showed higher 25(OH)D-levels compared to non-carriers after 48 weeks of supplementation (median 304.1 vs. 152.0 nmol/L, p = 0.014). Discussion Vitamin D-related SNPs affect the serological response to high-dose vitamin D supplementation. The effects on more common doses of vitamin D, as well as the clinical consequence of this altered response, need to be investigated further.
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Affiliation(s)
- Max Mimpen
- School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Linda Rolf
- School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Geert Poelmans
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Jody van den Ouweland
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Canisius-Wilhelmina Hospital, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Raymond Hupperts
- School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
- Department of Neurology, Zuyderland Medical Center, Sittard-Geleen, Netherlands
| | - Jan Damoiseaux
- Central Diagnostic Laboratory, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Joost Smolders
- MS Center ErasMS, Departments of Neurology and Immunology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Neuroimmunology, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- * E-mail:
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Vitamin-D Binding Protein Gene Polymorphisms and Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin-D in a Turkish Population. Metabolites 2021; 11:metabo11100696. [PMID: 34677411 PMCID: PMC8537126 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11100696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 09/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The rs7041 and rs4588 polymorphisms found in the GC gene, encoding vitamin D-binding protein (DBP), have distinct biochemical phenotypes. The aim of this study was to investigate vitamin D parameters with these polymorphisms, in individuals with possible vitamin D deficiency. The most common (49% of the cohort) genotype in rs7041 was GT, especially among individuals with high levels of free 25(OH)D calculated but with low levels of bioavailable 25(OH)D, and in rs4588 it was AC in particular among the individuals with low levels of bioavailable 25(OH)D. The most common phenotypes were Gc1s/2 (35.3%) and Gc1s/1s (31.4%), and Gc1f/1f was rare (5.9%). The variations in free and bioavailable 25(OH)D levels among healthy Turkish individuals may be attributed to the variations in total 25(OH)D as well as GC gene polymorphisms. The Turkish population shares a similarity for allele frequencies of rs7041 with the European population and similarity for allele frequencies of rs4588 with Gujarati Indians, and this may also be important in relation to certain ethnic populations showing associations between vitamin D and COVID-19.
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Ansari MGA, Mohammed AK, Wani KA, Hussain SD, Alnaami AM, Abdi S, Aljohani NJ, Al-Daghri NM. Vitamin D Receptor Gene Variants Susceptible to Osteoporosis in Arab Post-Menopausal Women. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2021; 43:1325-1334. [PMID: 34698098 PMCID: PMC8929051 DOI: 10.3390/cimb43030094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2021] [Revised: 09/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Post-menopausal osteoporosis (PMO) is a multifactorial bone disorder in elderly women. Various vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene variants have been studied and associated with osteoporosis in other populations, but not in a homogenous Arab ethnic group. Herein, the current study explores the association between VDR polymorphisms and susceptibility to osteoporosis in Saudi postmenopausal women. In total, 600 Saudi postmenopausal women (N = 300 osteoporosis; N = 300 control) were genotyped for VDR gene variants (rs7975232, rs1544410, rs731236) using TaqMan® SNP genotyping assays. Bone mineral density (BMD) for the lumbar spine and femur was assessed using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA). The heterozygous frequency distributions AC of rs7975232, CT of rs1544410, and AG of rs731236 were significantly higher in the osteoporosis group than controls (p < 0.05). Heterozygous AC of rs7975232 (1.6; 95% CI 1.1–2.3; p < 0.023), CT of rs1544410 (1.6; 95% CI 1.1–2.4; p < 0.022), and AG of rs731236 (1.6; 95% CI 1.1–2.4; p < 0.024) were significantly associated with increased risk of osteoporosis, independent of age and BMI. In conclusion, VDR gene variants rs7975232, rs1544410, rs731236 had a significant effect on BMD and were associated with osteoporosis risk in Saudi postmenopausal women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed. G. A. Ansari
- Chair for Biomarkers of Chronic Diseases, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (M.G.A.A.); (A.K.M.); (K.A.W.); (S.D.H.); (A.M.A.); (N.J.A.)
| | - Abdul Khader Mohammed
- Chair for Biomarkers of Chronic Diseases, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (M.G.A.A.); (A.K.M.); (K.A.W.); (S.D.H.); (A.M.A.); (N.J.A.)
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Kaiser A. Wani
- Chair for Biomarkers of Chronic Diseases, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (M.G.A.A.); (A.K.M.); (K.A.W.); (S.D.H.); (A.M.A.); (N.J.A.)
| | - Syed D. Hussain
- Chair for Biomarkers of Chronic Diseases, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (M.G.A.A.); (A.K.M.); (K.A.W.); (S.D.H.); (A.M.A.); (N.J.A.)
| | - Abdullah M. Alnaami
- Chair for Biomarkers of Chronic Diseases, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (M.G.A.A.); (A.K.M.); (K.A.W.); (S.D.H.); (A.M.A.); (N.J.A.)
| | - Saba Abdi
- Biochemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Naji J. Aljohani
- Chair for Biomarkers of Chronic Diseases, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (M.G.A.A.); (A.K.M.); (K.A.W.); (S.D.H.); (A.M.A.); (N.J.A.)
- Obesity, Endocrine, and Metabolic Center, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh 59046, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nasser M. Al-Daghri
- Chair for Biomarkers of Chronic Diseases, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (M.G.A.A.); (A.K.M.); (K.A.W.); (S.D.H.); (A.M.A.); (N.J.A.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +966-1-4675939
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18
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James PT, Ali Z, Armitage AE, Bonell A, Cerami C, Drakesmith H, Jobe M, Jones KS, Liew Z, Moore SE, Morales-Berstein F, Nabwera HM, Nadjm B, Pasricha SR, Scheelbeek P, Silver MJ, Teh MR, Prentice AM. The Role of Nutrition in COVID-19 Susceptibility and Severity of Disease: A Systematic Review. J Nutr 2021; 151:1854-1878. [PMID: 33982105 PMCID: PMC8194602 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxab059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many nutrients have powerful immunomodulatory actions with the potential to alter susceptibility to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection, progression to symptoms, likelihood of severe disease, and survival. OBJECTIVE The aim was to review the latest evidence on how malnutrition across all its forms (under- and overnutrition and micronutrient status) may influence both susceptibility to, and progression of, COVID-19. METHODS We synthesized information on 13 nutrition-related components and their potential interactions with COVID-19: overweight, obesity, and diabetes; protein-energy malnutrition; anemia; vitamins A, C, D, and E; PUFAs; iron; selenium; zinc; antioxidants; and nutritional support. For each section we provide: 1) a landscape review of pertinent material; 2) a systematic search of the literature in PubMed and EMBASE databases, including a wide range of preprint servers; and 3) a screen of 6 clinical trial registries. All original research was considered, without restriction to study design, and included if it covered: 1) severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (CoV) 2 (SARS-CoV-2), Middle East respiratory syndrome CoV (MERS-CoV), or SARS-CoV viruses and 2) disease susceptibility or 3) disease progression, and 4) the nutritional component of interest. Searches took place between 16 May and 11 August 2020. RESULTS Across the 13 searches, 2732 articles from PubMed and EMBASE, 4164 articles from the preprint servers, and 433 trials were returned. In the final narrative synthesis, we include 22 published articles, 38 preprint articles, and 79 trials. CONCLUSIONS Currently there is limited evidence that high-dose supplements of micronutrients will either prevent severe disease or speed up recovery. However, results of clinical trials are eagerly awaited. Given the known impacts of all forms of malnutrition on the immune system, public health strategies to reduce micronutrient deficiencies and undernutrition remain of critical importance. Furthermore, there is strong evidence that prevention of obesity and type 2 diabetes will reduce the risk of serious COVID-19 outcomes. This review is registered at PROSPERO as CRD42020186194.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip T James
- Department of Population Health, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - Zakari Ali
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Unit The Gambia at the London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Fajara, The Gambia
| | - Andrew E Armitage
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Ana Bonell
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Unit The Gambia at the London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Fajara, The Gambia
| | - Carla Cerami
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Unit The Gambia at the London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Fajara, The Gambia
| | - Hal Drakesmith
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Modou Jobe
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Unit The Gambia at the London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Fajara, The Gambia
| | - Kerry S Jones
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre (BRC) Nutritional Biomarker Laboratory, MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Zara Liew
- Department of Population Health, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sophie E Moore
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Unit The Gambia at the London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Fajara, The Gambia
- Department of Women and Children's Health, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Fernanda Morales-Berstein
- Department of Population Health, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - Helen M Nabwera
- Department of International Public Health, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Behzad Nadjm
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Unit The Gambia at the London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Fajara, The Gambia
| | - Sant-Rayn Pasricha
- Population Health and Immunity Division, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Pauline Scheelbeek
- Department of Population Health, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
- Centre on Climate Change and Planetary Health, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - Matt J Silver
- MRC Unit The Gambia at the London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - Megan R Teh
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew M Prentice
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Unit The Gambia at the London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Fajara, The Gambia
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Brustad N, Greve JH, Mirzakhani H, Pedersen CET, Eliasen AU, Stokholm J, Lasky-Su J, Bønnelykke K, Litonjua AA, Weiss ST, Bisgaard H, Chawes BL. High-dose vitamin D during pregnancy and pathway gene polymorphisms in prevention of offspring persistent wheeze. Pediatr Allergy Immunol 2021; 32:679-689. [PMID: 33453076 DOI: 10.1111/pai.13453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Revised: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) suggest a protective effect of high-dose vitamin D supplementation in pregnancy on offspring risk of persistent wheeze, but only in some individuals, which might be explained by variations in vitamin D pathway genes. This study aimed to investigate the effect of vitamin D supplementation by maternal and offspring vitamin D receptor (VDR) genotype and GC genotype, encoding vitamin D binding protein (VDBP), in two RCTs. METHODS In the Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood (COPSAC2010 ) RCT, we analyzed the effect of high-dose vitamin D during pregnancy on the risk of persistent wheeze age 0-3 years by variants in single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in VDR (rs1544410, rs2228570, rs7975128, rs7975232) and GC (rs4588, rs7041). Replication was sought in the Vitamin D Antenatal Asthma Reduction Trial (VDAART). RESULTS In COPSAC2010 , VDR SNP rs1544410 influenced the effect of high-dose vitamin D: maternal Pinteraction = .049 and child Pinteraction = .001, with the largest effect in offspring from mothers with TT genotype: hazard ratio (95% CI), 0.26 (0.10-0.68), P = .006, and no effect among CT or CC genotypes: 0.85 (0.48-1.51), P = .58 and 0.94 (0.47-1.89), P = .87, respectively. However, these findings were not replicated in VDAART. There was no significant effect modification from maternal or offspring GC genotype in either COPSAC2010 or VDAART: all Pinteraction ≥ .17. CONCLUSIONS We found that the effect of high-dose vitamin D supplementation during pregnancy on offspring risk of persistent wheeze was significantly influenced by VDR genotype in the COPSAC2010 RCT, but not VDAART, which may be due to population differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicklas Brustad
- COPSAC, Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jens H Greve
- COPSAC, Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Hooman Mirzakhani
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Casper-Emil T Pedersen
- COPSAC, Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anders U Eliasen
- COPSAC, Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jakob Stokholm
- COPSAC, Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Pediatrics, Naestved Hospital, Naestved, Denmark
| | - Jessica Lasky-Su
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Klaus Bønnelykke
- COPSAC, Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Augusto A Litonjua
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonary Medicine, Golisano Children's Hospital, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Scott T Weiss
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Hans Bisgaard
- COPSAC, Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Bo L Chawes
- COPSAC, Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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20
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Corpas M, Megy K, Mistry V, Metastasio A, Lehmann E. Whole Genome Interpretation for a Family of Five. Front Genet 2021; 12:535123. [PMID: 33763108 PMCID: PMC7982663 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.535123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Although best practices have emerged on how to analyse and interpret personal genomes, the utility of whole genome screening remains underdeveloped. A large amount of information can be gathered from various types of analyses via whole genome sequencing including pathogenicity screening, genetic risk scoring, fitness, nutrition, and pharmacogenomic analysis. We recognize different levels of confidence when assessing the validity of genetic markers and apply rigorous standards for evaluation of phenotype associations. We illustrate the application of this approach on a family of five. By applying analyses of whole genomes from different methodological perspectives, we are able to build a more comprehensive picture to assist decision making in preventative healthcare and well-being management. Our interpretation and reporting outputs provide input for a clinician to develop a healthcare plan for the individual, based on genetic and other healthcare data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Corpas
- Cambridge Precision Medicine Limited, ideaSpace, University of Cambridge Biomedical Innovation Hub, Cambridge, United Kingdom.,Institute of Continuing Education Madingley Hall Madingley, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom.,Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Internacional de La Rioja, Madrid, Spain
| | - Karyn Megy
- Cambridge Precision Medicine Limited, ideaSpace, University of Cambridge Biomedical Innovation Hub, Cambridge, United Kingdom.,Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge & National Health Service (NHS) Blood and Transplant, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | | | - Antonio Metastasio
- Cambridge Precision Medicine Limited, ideaSpace, University of Cambridge Biomedical Innovation Hub, Cambridge, United Kingdom.,Camden and Islington NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Edmund Lehmann
- Cambridge Precision Medicine Limited, ideaSpace, University of Cambridge Biomedical Innovation Hub, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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21
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Amirinejad R, Shirvani-Farsani Z, Naghavi Gargari B, Sahraian MA, Mohammad Soltani B, Behmanesh M. Vitamin D changes expression of DNA repair genes in the patients with multiple sclerosis. Gene 2021; 781:145488. [PMID: 33588040 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2021.145488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress (OS) plays an essential role in demyelination and tissue injury related to pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (MS). On the other hand, vitamin D (VD) as an antioxidant reduces oxidative stress and has been used as adjuvant therapy in autoimmune diseases. Although VD supplementation is suggested as a protective and immunomodulation factor for MS patients, the molecular mechanisms remain unclear. Given that VD may modulate the immune system of MS patients through the DNA repair pathway, we aimed to evaluate the effects of VD supplementation in DNA repair genes expression including OGG1, MYH, MTH1, and ITPA. Transcript levels were measured using the RT-qPCR method in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) patients before and after two months of VD supplementation. Furthermore, in silico analysis and correlation gene expression analysis was performed to find the biological binding sites and the effect of NRF2 on the regulation of DNA repair genes. Our data revealed that in MS patients, 2-month VD treatment significantly altered the expression of MYH, OGG1, MTH1, and NRF2 genes. A significant correlation was observed between DNA repair genes and NRF2 expression, which was confirmed by the presence of antioxidant response element (ARE) binding sites in the promoter of OGG1, MYH, and MTH1 genes. This study demonstrated that the impact of VD on MS patients may be mediated through the improvement of DNA repair system efficiency. This finding brought some new evidence for the involvement of DNA repair genes in the physiopathology of MS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roya Amirinejad
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zeinab Shirvani-Farsani
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences and Technology, Shahid Beheshti University G.C., Tehran, Iran
| | - Bahar Naghavi Gargari
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty Nursing and Midwifery Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohhamad Ali Sahraian
- MS Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bahram Mohammad Soltani
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehrdad Behmanesh
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
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Abdi S, Binbaz RA, Mohammed AK, Ansari MG, Wani K, Amer OE, Alnaami AM, Aljohani N, Al-Daghri NM. Association of RANKL and OPG Gene Polymorphism in Arab Women with and without Osteoporosis. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12020200. [PMID: 33572979 PMCID: PMC7910965 DOI: 10.3390/genes12020200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2020] [Revised: 01/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Receptor activator of the nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL) and osteoprotegerin genes (OPG) were identified as susceptible loci for postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMO) in various ethnicities, but neither have been studied in an Arabian population. Hence, the current study aimed to fill this gap. A total of 372 postmenopausal women (174 osteoporosis (OP) and 198 control group (CTRs)) were genotyped for four SNPs: rs2277438A/G and rs9533156T/C (RANKL), and rs2073618C/G and rs3102735T/C (OPG). Anthropometrics, bone mineral density, 25(OH)D and several other bone markers were measured. The frequency distribution of the heterozygous CG genotype of rs2073618 (OPG) was lower in the OP (36.8%) than in CTRs (47%) (OR: 0.6, 95% CI: 0.3–0.97; p = 0.041). No differences in the allelic/genotypic frequencies were detected between the two groups for all other studied SNPs. However, the heterozygous TC genotype of rs3102735 (OPG) was associated significantly with lower BMD at the femoral neck in OP subjects (p = 0.04). The homozygous rare CC genotype of rs9533156 (RANKL) was associated with lower 25(OH)D levels in CTRs (p = 0.032). In contrast, heterozygous AG genotype of rs2277438 (RANKL) is associated with lower 25(OH)D in the OP group (p = 0.02). Our results suggest that RANKL SNPs may impact 25(OH)D levels and that OPG SNP rs2073618A/G is a significant genetic risk factor for PMO Saudi Arabian women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saba Abdi
- Biochemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (S.A.); (R.A.B.); (A.K.M.); (K.W.); (O.E.A.); (A.M.A.); (N.A.)
| | - Rawan A. Binbaz
- Biochemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (S.A.); (R.A.B.); (A.K.M.); (K.W.); (O.E.A.); (A.M.A.); (N.A.)
| | - Abdul Khader Mohammed
- Biochemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (S.A.); (R.A.B.); (A.K.M.); (K.W.); (O.E.A.); (A.M.A.); (N.A.)
- Sharjah Institute of Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, UAE;
| | - Mohammed G.A. Ansari
- Sharjah Institute of Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, UAE;
| | - Kaiser Wani
- Biochemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (S.A.); (R.A.B.); (A.K.M.); (K.W.); (O.E.A.); (A.M.A.); (N.A.)
| | - Osama E. Amer
- Biochemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (S.A.); (R.A.B.); (A.K.M.); (K.W.); (O.E.A.); (A.M.A.); (N.A.)
| | - Abdullah M. Alnaami
- Biochemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (S.A.); (R.A.B.); (A.K.M.); (K.W.); (O.E.A.); (A.M.A.); (N.A.)
| | - Naji Aljohani
- Biochemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (S.A.); (R.A.B.); (A.K.M.); (K.W.); (O.E.A.); (A.M.A.); (N.A.)
- Obesity, Endocrine and Metabolic Center, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh 59046, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nasser M. Al-Daghri
- Biochemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (S.A.); (R.A.B.); (A.K.M.); (K.W.); (O.E.A.); (A.M.A.); (N.A.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +966-1-4675939
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Moloudinia R, Mahmoodi G, Abdi M, Amini S, Ferdowsi S. Evaluation of Vitamin D-Binding Protein Gene Polymorphism and its Plasma Concentration in Kurdish Patients With Breast Cancer in Sanandaj, Iran. AVICENNA JOURNAL OF MEDICAL BIOCHEMISTRY 2020. [DOI: 10.34172/ajmb.2020.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Several studies have indicated that polymorphism in vitamin D pathway genes is associated with breast cancer (BC) risk. Vitamin D-binding protein (VDBP) is a vital element in the metabolism of the vitamin D. VDBP carries the serum 25(OH) D3 to cells to promote vitamin D biological functions, such as cell proliferation and apoptosis. Missense SNP (rs.7041) is a common polymorphism in VDBP gene, which shows ethnic-specific allele frequencies. Objectives: This study presents the correlation of the rs7041 (Asp432Glu) gene polymorphism and plasma concentrations of VDBP in Kurdish patients with BC in Sanandaj, Iran. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 44 premenopausal BC patients and 44 healthy subjects. Plasma VDBP concentration was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The VDBP (rs7041) was genotyped by polymerase chain reaction–restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). Results: VDBP level was associated with a non-significant risk of BC (P=0.397). Frequencies of individuals with VDBP (rs7041) TT, TG, and GG genotypes were 13.6%, 52.2%, and 34.09% in case group and 11.3%, 79.5%, and 9.9% in control group, respectively. Genotype GG associated with increased susceptibility to developing BC (odds ratio [OR]=5.172, CI: 1.555-17.2, P=0.007). There was a significant reverse correlation between GT genotype and BC (OR=0.282, 95% CI: 0.110-0.722, P=0.008) Conclusion: The changes in the vitamin D pathway may increase susceptibility to develop BC in the Iranian Kurdish population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roya Moloudinia
- Department of Biology, Sanandaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Gelavij Mahmoodi
- Department of Biology, Kermanshah Branch, Islamic Azad University, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Mohammad Abdi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Sabrieh Amini
- Department of Biology, Sanandaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Shirin Ferdowsi
- Blood Transfusion Research Center, High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion Medicine, Tehran, Iran
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24
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Singh P, Rawat A, Alwakeel M, Sharif E, Al Khodor S. The potential role of vitamin D supplementation as a gut microbiota modifier in healthy individuals. Sci Rep 2020; 10:21641. [PMID: 33303854 PMCID: PMC7729960 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-77806-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D deficiency affects approximately 80% of individuals in some countries and has been linked with gut dysbiosis and inflammation. While the benefits of vitamin D supplementation on the gut microbiota have been studied in patients with chronic diseases, its effects on the microbiota of otherwise healthy individuals is unclear. Moreover, whether effects on the microbiota can explain some of the marked inter-individual variation in responsiveness to vitamin D supplementation is unknown. Here, we administered vitamin D to 80 otherwise healthy vitamin D-deficient women, measuring serum 25(OH) D levels in blood and characterizing their gut microbiota pre- and post- supplementation using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Vitamin D supplementation significantly increased gut microbial diversity. Specifically, the Bacteroidetes to Firmicutes ratio increased, along with the abundance of the health-promoting probiotic taxa Akkermansia and Bifidobacterium. Significant variations in the two-dominant genera, Bacteroides and Prevotella, indicated a variation in enterotypes following supplementation. Comparing supplementation responders and non-responders we found more pronounced changes in abundance of major phyla in responders, and a significant decrease in Bacteroides acidifaciens in non-responders. Altogether, our study highlights the positive impact of vitamin D supplementation on the gut microbiota and the potential for the microbial gut signature to affect vitamin D response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parul Singh
- Research Department, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | - Arun Rawat
- Research Department, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | | | - Elham Sharif
- College of Health Sciences, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar.
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Association of Polymorphisms in RANK and RANKL Genes with Osteopenia in Arab Postmenopausal Women. DISEASE MARKERS 2020; 2020:1285216. [PMID: 33376557 PMCID: PMC7746462 DOI: 10.1155/2020/1285216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2019] [Revised: 11/15/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The RANKL/RANK/OPG pathway regulates bone remodelling and turnover. However, the genetic background of bone mineral density (BMD) and osteopenia in Saudi postmenopausal women is yet to be studied. We studied the genetic polymorphism of RANKL/RANK/OPG with BMD and other associated factors in Saudi postmenopausal osteopenic women. A total of 439 (223 osteopenia and 216 control) postmenopausal women were recruited from the orthopaedic department of the King Khalid University Hospital, Riyadh, KSA. Genetic variants of RANK (rs1805034 and rs35211496), RANKL (rs2277438 and rs9533156), and OPG (rs2073618 and rs3102735) were genotyped using RT-PCR. Anthropometrics, bone mineral density, and other bone markers were measured. The levels of bone turnover markers, PTH, and RANKL were found to be significantly different between control and the osteopenia group. The odds ratio of 2.37 (1.00-5.69) for RANK SNP (rs1805034) indicates that subjects with CC genotype are more vulnerable to developing osteopenia as compared to subjects with TT genotype. Similarly, for RANKL SNP (rs2277438), the significant odds ratio of 20.56 (9.82-43.06) indicates that the subjects with GG genotype are at significantly higher risk of having osteopenia compared with the AA genotype subjects. In addition, G allele in rs2277438 also found to be a risk factor for osteopenia 4.54 (3.18-6.49) compared with A allele. However, none of the OPG genotypes shows association with osteopenia. The association of RANK polymorphisms with osteopenia shows its clinical importance in the diagnosis and prognosis of the bone diseases; here, we suggest that the subjects with RANK and RANKL polymorphisms may develop osteoporosis.
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Alhomsi B, Aboualchamat G, Alkadi I. Assessment of vitamin D-binding protein (DBP) gene polymorphisms and their correlation with multiple sclerosis: a case-control study in a sample of the Syrian population. EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL HUMAN GENETICS 2020. [DOI: 10.1186/s43042-020-00076-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Vitamin D deficiency is a major health concern as it increases the risk of developing many serious diseases. Recently, the correlation between vitamin D deficiency and multiple sclerosis (MS) is a matter of serious debate. In this case-control study, we aimed to assess the correlation between genetic changes in the vitamin D-binding protein (DBP) gene and their consequence on MS patients. Our sample study consisted of 110 individuals; 40 patients with MS as cases and 70 healthy controls. Vitamin D levels were determined by immunofluorescence assay, and polymorphisms at rs7041 (c.1296 T > G p.Asp416Glu) and rs4588 (c.1307C > A p.Thr420Lys) of the DBP gene were genotyped using PCR/RFLP method for all cases and controls.
Results
Our results showed that genotype frequencies were consistent with Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. A significant association was found in rs7041 (c.1296TT) homozygous wild-type, and the odds ratio was < 1 suggesting a protective role against developing MS (OR; 0.03, p = 0.0002) whereas the c.1296GG genotype was significantly correlated with an increased risk for MS by 6 folds (OR: 6.0000, p < 0.0001). No significant association was noted at rs4588 and MS occurrence. In addition, our compound genotyping results revealed that haplotypes 1S-1S are 6 times more likely to develop MS, whereas haplotypes 1F-1F had a more protective role in MS patients (OR: 0.063, p = 0.06.), respectively. The risk of vitamin D insufficiency in patients was greater by 14 folds compared to controls (OR: 14.05, p = 0.0128). Furthermore, the c.1296GG genotype was associated significantly by more than 4 times with insufficient levels of vitamin D and by 7 folds with vitamin deficiency.
Conclusions
We conclude that polymorphisms in the DBP gene could have independent effects on the risk of developing multiple sclerosis. The homozygous recessive genotype at rs7041 was associated with insufficient levels of vitamin D and with the risk of MS emergence.
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Vitamin D Correction Down-Regulates Serum Amyloid P Component Levels in Vitamin D Deficient Arab Adults: A Single-Arm Trial. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12092880. [PMID: 32967132 PMCID: PMC7551056 DOI: 10.3390/nu12092880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2020] [Revised: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D (VD) has been observed to have anti-inflammatory properties. However, the effects of VD supplementation on the serum amyloid P component (SAP) has not been established. This study aimed to investigate the effect of VD supplementation on serum SAP levels in Arab adults. A total of 155 VD-deficient adult Saudis (56 males and 99 females) were recruited in this non-randomized, 6-month, single-arm trial. The intervention was as follows; cholecalciferol 50,000 international units (IU) every week for the first 2 months, followed by 50,000 twice a month for the next two months, and for the last two months, 1000 IU daily. Serum 25(OH)D, SAP, C-reactive protein (CRP), lipid profile, and glucose were assessed at baseline and post-intervention. At post-intervention, VD levels were significantly increased, while SAP levels significantly decreased in all study participants. Remarkably, this reduction in SAP was more significant in males than females after stratification. SAP was inversely correlated with VD overall (r = −0.17, p < 0.05), and only in males (r = −0.27, p < 0.05) after stratification according to sex after 6 months of VD supplementation. Such a relationship was not observed at baseline. VD supplementation can favorably modulate serum SAP concentrations in Arab adults, particularly in males.
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The Role of Polymorphisms in Vitamin D-Related Genes in Response to Vitamin D Supplementation. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12092608. [PMID: 32867112 PMCID: PMC7551134 DOI: 10.3390/nu12092608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Revised: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background. Vitamin D deficiency represents a major healthcare problem. Vitamin D status is influenced by genetic and environmental determinants. Several observational studies have evaluated the association of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in vitamin D-related genes and vitamin D levels. Nevertheless, little is known about the role of these SNPs in the response to vitamin D supplementation. We conducted an interventional study to define the association between SNPs in vitamin D-related genes and the response to vitamin D supplementation in 100 self-reported healthy women of Arab ancestry for the majority. Methods. A total of 100 healthy female subjects received a weekly oral dose of 50,000 IU vitamin D for 12 weeks. Serum vitamin D concentration and metabolic profiles were measured at baseline and 12 weeks post-vitamin D supplementation. The genotypes of 37 SNPs selected from previously reported vitamin D-related genes have been assessed by Fluidigm genotyping assay. Results. Rs731236 (VDR gene) and rs7116978 (CYP2R1 gene) showed a significant association with vitamin D status. The rs731236 GG genotype and the rs7116978 CC genotype were associated with a “vitamin D sufficiency” state. Rs731236 GG and rs7116978 CC genotypes showed a higher response to vitamin D supplementation. Transcription factor binding site prediction analysis showed altered binding sites for transcription factors according to the different rs7116978 alleles. Interestingly, the 37 SNPs previously established to play a role in vitamin D-related pathways explained very little of the response to vitamin D supplementation in our cohort, suggesting the existence of alternative loci whose number and effect size need to be investigated in future studies. Conclusion. In this paper, we present novel data on vitamin D-related SNPs and response to vitamin D supplementation demonstrating the feasibility of applying functional genomic approaches in interventional studies to assess individual-level responses to vitamin D supplementation.
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Beckett E. More Than Bone Health: The Many Roles for Vitamin D. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12082388. [PMID: 32785003 PMCID: PMC7468693 DOI: 10.3390/nu12082388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Emma Beckett
- School of Environmental and Life Science, The University of Newcastle, Ourimbah, NSW 2258, Australia;
- Australia and Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW 2305, Australia
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30
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The impact of vitamin D supplementation on VDR gene expression and body composition in monozygotic twins: randomized controlled trial. Sci Rep 2020; 10:11943. [PMID: 32686744 PMCID: PMC7371728 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-69128-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D supplementation is widely used. However, there is no consensus on the use and dosage of this supplement and the existing recommendations arise from studies based on the benefits that this nutrient can facilitate in bones. In addition, individual genetics can influence the response to supplementation, therefore, research involving monozygotic twins aims to reduce these differences in phenotypic responses. The objective of this randomised controlled study is to examine the effect of vitamin D supplementation on body composition and the expression of the vitamin D receptor (VDR) mRNA. An intervention was performed through supplementation with cholecalciferol at the concentration of 2000 IU in 90 healthy adult monozygotic twins (male or female pairs) for 2 months. The findings showed that serum vitamin D concentration increased by 65% and VDR gene expression sixty times (p = 0.001). Changes in body composition parameters were observed regarding body fat and lean mass. Our results indicate that an increase in serum vitamin D concentration may have potential therapeutic implications.
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Personalized Nutrition for Management of Micronutrient Deficiency-Literature Review in Non-bariatric Populations and Possible Utility in Bariatric Cohort. Obes Surg 2020; 30:3570-3582. [PMID: 32564308 PMCID: PMC7378102 DOI: 10.1007/s11695-020-04762-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Background Bariatric surgery can effectively treat morbid obesity; however, micronutrient deficiencies are common despite recommendations for high-dose supplements. Genetic predisposition to deficiencies underscores necessary identification of high-risk candidates. Personalized nutrition (PN) can be a tool to manage these deficiencies. Methods Medline, PubMed, and Google Scholar were searched. Articles involving genetic testing, micronutrient metabolism, and bariatric surgery were included. Results Studies show associations between genetic variants and micronutrient metabolism. Research demonstrates genetic testing to be a predictor for outcomes among obesity and bariatric surgery populations. There is limited research in bariatric surgery and micronutrient genetic variants. Conclusion Genotype-based PN is becoming feasible to provide an effective treatment of micronutrient deficiencies associated with bariatric surgery. The role of genomic technology in micronutrient recommendations needs further investigation.
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Vitamin D Supplementation Is Associated with Increased Glutathione Peroxidase-1 Levels in Arab Adults with Prediabetes. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9020118. [PMID: 32013162 PMCID: PMC7070325 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9020118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2019] [Revised: 01/26/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D supplementation may be used to lower oxidative stress. This interventional study aimed to investigate the effects of vitamin D supplementation on glutathione peroxidase 1 (GPx1) levels and other parameters in Arab adults with prediabetes. A total of 203 Saudi adults with prediabetes and vitamin D deficiency [intervention group, N = 146 (53 males and 93 females); control group, N = 57 (25 males and 32 females)] were included in this non-randomized, six-month intervention study. The intervention group received 50,000 international units (IU) cholecalciferol tablets once a week for two months, then twice a month for the next two months, followed by 1000 IU daily for the last two months. The control group received no supplementation. Serum 25(OH)D, lipid profile, glucose, C-reactive protein (CRP) and GPx1 were measured at baseline and after six months. Post-intervention, GPx1 concentrations increased significantly in the intervention group [17.3 (11.5–59.0) vs 26.7 (11.4–59.9) p < 0.01] while no changes were observed in the control group (p = 0.15). This significant increase in 25(OH)D and GPx1 levels persisted after adjusting for age and BMI. Stratification according to sex revealed that this favourable increase in GPx1 was true only for males (p = 0.002). In all groups, baseline GPx1 was inversely correlated with low density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol (r = −0.26, p < 0.01) and body mass index (BMI) (r = −0.20, p < 0.05), while positively correlated with age (r = 0.18, p < 0.05) and systolic blood pressure (r = 0.19, p < 0.05). In conclusion, vitamin D supplementation favourably enhanced GPx1 levels in adult Arabs with prediabetes, particularly in males.
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Qu F, Meng L, Zi Y, You J. Ratiometric detection of alkaline phosphatase based on aggregation-induced emission enhancement. Anal Bioanal Chem 2019; 411:7431-7440. [PMID: 31655858 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-019-02098-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Revised: 08/15/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) is an important enzyme that is associated with many human diseases, so the quantitative detection of ALP is vital from a clinical perspective. Nevertheless, most fluorescent assays for monitoring ALP depend on aggregation-induced quenching (ACQ), single-signal modulation, or a "signal off" mode, which suffer from poor sensitivity, a "false positive" problem, and low signal output. In this work, we utilized the electrostatically driven self-assembly of glutathione-capped gold nanoclusters (GSH-AuNCs, which show aggregation-induced emission, AIE) and amino-modified silicon nanoparticles (SiNPs) to create a hybrid probe (SiNPs@GSH-AuNCs). This nanohybrid probe showed emission from the SiNPs at around 470 nm as well as aggregation-induced emission enhancement (AIEE) of the GSH-AuNCs at 580 nm. The AIEE of the GSH-AuNCs was quenched in the presence of KMnO4, but the AIEE was recovered by adding ascorbic acid as an oxidation-reduction reaction occurred between KMnO4 and the ascorbic acid. The fluorescence of the SiNPs remained constant whether the AIEE was quenched or not, meaning that the fluorescence of the SiNPs could be used as an internal reference. In a typical enzymatic reaction, ascorbic acid 2-phosphate is hydrolyzed by ALP to produce ascorbic acid. Therefore, the hybrid probe was shown to allow the ratiometric detection of ALP, with a linear range of 0.5-10 U L-1 and a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.23 U L-1. Finally, the proposed analytical strategy was successfully applied to detect ALP in human serum samples and to determine the concentration of an ALP inhibitor. Graphical Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Qu
- The Key Laboratory of Life-Organic Analysis, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, 273165, Shandong, China. .,The Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Intermediates and Analysis of Natural Medicine, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, 273165, Shandong, China.
| | - Lingxin Meng
- The Key Laboratory of Life-Organic Analysis, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, 273165, Shandong, China.,The Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Intermediates and Analysis of Natural Medicine, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, 273165, Shandong, China
| | - Yuqiu Zi
- The Key Laboratory of Life-Organic Analysis, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, 273165, Shandong, China.,The Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Intermediates and Analysis of Natural Medicine, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, 273165, Shandong, China
| | - Jinmao You
- The Key Laboratory of Life-Organic Analysis, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, 273165, Shandong, China.,The Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Intermediates and Analysis of Natural Medicine, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, 273165, Shandong, China.,Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research & Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Science, Xining, 810001, Qinghai, China
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34
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Holmes WL, Maish GO, Minard G, Croce MA, Dickerson RN. Hypercalcemia Without Hypervitaminosis D During Cholecalciferol Supplementation in Critically Ill Patients. Nutr Clin Pract 2019; 35:933-941. [PMID: 31605425 DOI: 10.1002/ncp.10407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vitamin D deficiency during critical illness has been associated with worsened outcomes. Because most critically ill patients with severe traumatic injuries are vitamin D deficient, we investigated the efficacy and safety of cholecalciferol therapy for these patients. METHODS Fifty-three patients (>17 years of age) admitted to the trauma intensive care unit who had a serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25-OH vit D) concentration <20 ng/mL were given 10,000 IU of cholecalciferol daily. Efficacy was defined as achievement of a 25-OH vit D of 30-79.9 ng/mL. Safety was evaluated by the presence of hypercalcemia (serum ionized calcium [iCa] >1.32 mmol/L) or hypervitaminosis D (25-OH vit D >79.9 nmol/L). Patients were monitored for 2 weeks during cholecalciferol therapy. RESULTS Twenty-four patients (45%) achieved target 25-OH vit D. No patients experienced hypervitaminosis D. Hypercalcemia occurred in 40% (n = 21) of patients; 2 patients experienced an iCa >1.49 nmol/L. 25-OH vit D was significantly greater for those who developed hypercalcemia (37.2 + 11.2 vs 28.4 + 5.6 ng/mL, respectively, P < 0.001) by the second week of cholecalciferol. Of 24 patients who achieved target 25-OH vit D, 14 (58%) experienced hypercalcemia in contrast to 24% of patients (7 out of 29) who did not achieve target 25-OH vit D (P = 0.024). CONCLUSIONS Cholecalciferol normalized serum 25-OH vit D concentrations in less than half of patients yet was associated with a substantial proportion of patients with hypercalcemia without hypervitaminosis D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Whitney L Holmes
- Department of Pharmacy, Regional One Health, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - George O Maish
- Department of Surgery, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Gayle Minard
- Department of Surgery, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Martin A Croce
- Department of Surgery, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Roland N Dickerson
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Translational Science, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
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