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Sahu SK, Radhakrishnan RV, Mohanty CR, Parija S, Palanisamy S, Mishra P, Sadangi D. Pattern and clinical profile of patients with ocular trauma presenting to the emergency department of a teaching hospital in India: A prospective observational study. Turk J Emerg Med 2024; 24:90-96. [PMID: 38766413 PMCID: PMC11100578 DOI: 10.4103/tjem.tjem_219_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES One major contributor to avoidable ocular morbidity is ocular trauma (OT). The study aimed to document the epidemiological factors, pattern of injury, and outcome among patients with OT presenting to the emergency department (ED). METHODS This was a prospective observational study conducted in the ED of a tertiary care teaching hospital in Eastern India after due approval from the institutional ethics committee. The data were collected during the period from March 2021 to February 2022. Data pertaining to age, sex, type of injury, mechanism of injury, time and place of injury, details of tissue involvement, visual acuity, any prior history of injury, initial diagnosis, and management were noted. To estimate the severity of the injury and the probable visual outcome, we calculated through OT score (OTS), including one raw score and OTS. Statistical analysis was performed using the R, version 4.6.1. RESULTS A total of 180 patient's data were included for final analysis. The median (interquartile range) age of the patients was 32 (24-45) years. The majority were males (n = 147 [81.6%]) with a male-female ratio of 4.5:1. Road traffic accidents (RTA) were the common cause of injury (n = 122 [67.7%]). Unilateral eye involvement was the most common (n = 147 [81.6%]). In the pattern of injury, most of the patients sustained closed globe injuries (CGIs) (n = 158 [87.7%]). Among the CGIs, injury to the ocular adnexa and conjunctiva (n = 141 and 127, respectively) was the most common. Injury to the retina and choroids occurred in 20 (11%) patients. The vision was not affected in most of the cases (n = 125 [69.4%]) with a visual acuity of > 6/18. The majority (n = 120 [67%]) of the patients had an OTS of grade-4, followed by grade-2 (n = 22 [12%]). Most of the patients required only medical management (n = 100 [56%]), whereas 77 (43%) patients required surgical interventions. CONCLUSION OT was a common presentation in the ED. Male patients with monocular injuries involved in RTAs were mostly affected. The vision was preserved in most of the cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandip Kumar Sahu
- Department of Ophthalmology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | | | - Chitta Ranjan Mohanty
- Department of Trauma and Emergency, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Sucheta Parija
- Department of Ophthalmology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | | | - Priyadarshini Mishra
- Department of Ophthalmology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Debasish Sadangi
- Department of Ophthalmology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
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Grover AK. Ophthalmic trauma: Are we doing enough? Indian J Ophthalmol 2023; 71:3581-3583. [PMID: 37991286 PMCID: PMC10788738 DOI: 10.4103/ijo.ijo_2860_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ashok K Grover
- Department of Ophthalmology, Sir Gangaram Hospital, Rajinder Nagar, New Delhi, India
- Chairman, Vision Eye Centres, Siri Fort Road and West Patel Nagar, New Delhi, India E-mail:
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Patterson TJ, McKinney D, Ritson J, McLean C, Gu W, Colyer M, McClellan SF, Miller SC, Justin GA, Hoskin AK, Cavuoto K, Leong J, Ascarza AR, Woreta FA, Miller KE, Caldwell MC, Gensheimer WG, Williamson T, Dhawahir-Scala F, Shah P, Coombes A, Sundar G, Mazzoli RA, Woodcock M, Kuhn F, Watson SL, Gomes RSM, Agrawal R, Blanch RJ. The Use of Preoperative Prophylactic Systemic Antibiotics for the Prevention of Endopthalmitis in Open Globe Injuries: A Meta-Analysis. Ophthalmol Retina 2023; 7:972-981. [PMID: 37406735 DOI: 10.1016/j.oret.2023.06.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
TOPIC This study reports the effect of systemic prophylactic antibiotics (and their route) on the risk of endophthalmitis after open globe injury (OGI). CLINICAL RELEVANCE Endophthalmitis is a major complication of OGI; it can lead to rapid sight loss in the affected eye. The administration of systemic antibiotic prophylaxis is common practice in some health care systems, although there is no consensus on their use. METHODS PubMed, CENTRAL, Web of Science, CINAHL, and Embase were searched. This was completed July 6, 2021 and updated December 10, 2022. We included randomized and nonrandomized prospective studies which reported the rate of post-OGI endophthalmitis when systemic preoperative antibiotic prophylaxis (via the oral or IV route) was given. The Cochrane Risk of Bias tool and ROBINS-I tool were used for assessing the risk of bias. Where meta-analysis was performed, results were reported as an odds ratio. PROSPERO registration: CRD42021271271. RESULTS Three studies were included. One prospective observational study compared outcomes of patients who had received systemic or no systemic preoperative antibiotics. The endophthalmitis rates reported were 3.75% and 4.91% in the systemic and no systemic preoperative antibiotics groups, a nonsignificant difference (P = 0.68). Two randomized controlled trials were included (1555 patients). The rates of endophthalmitis were 17 events in 751 patients (2.26%) and 17 events in 804 patients (2.11%) in the oral antibiotics and IV (± oral) antibiotics groups, respectively. Meta-analysis demonstrated no significant differences between groups (odds ratio, 1.07; 95% confidence interval, 0.54-2.12). CONCLUSIONS The incidences of endophthalmitis after OGI were low with and without systemic antibiotic prophylaxis, although high-risk cases were excluded in the included studies. When antibiotic prophylaxis is considered, there is moderate evidence that oral antibiotic administration is noninferior to IV. FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE(S) The author(s) have no proprietary or commercial interest in any materials discussed in this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim J Patterson
- Northern Ireland Medical and Dental Training Agency (NIMDTA), Belfast
| | - David McKinney
- Northern Ireland Medical and Dental Training Agency (NIMDTA), Belfast
| | - Jonathan Ritson
- Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Royal Centre for Defence Medicine, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Chris McLean
- Epsom and St Helier University Hospitals NHS Trust, Carshalton, United Kingdom
| | - Weidong Gu
- Vision Center of Excellence, Research & Development Directorate, J-9, Defence Health Agency, Silver Spring, Maryland
| | - Marcus Colyer
- Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Scott F McClellan
- Vision Center of Excellence, Research & Development Directorate, J-9, Defence Health Agency, Silver Spring, Maryland
| | - Sarah C Miller
- Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Grant A Justin
- Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland; Duke Eye Center, Duke University Hospitals, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Annette K Hoskin
- The University of Sydney, Save Sight Institute, Discipline of Ophthalmology, Sydney Medical School, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Lions Eye Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Kara Cavuoto
- Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida
| | - James Leong
- The University of Sydney, Save Sight Institute, Discipline of Ophthalmology, Sydney Medical School, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; The University of Sydney, Save Sight Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Andrés Rousselot Ascarza
- Consultorios Oftalmológicos Benisek-Ascarza, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, C1115ABB Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Fasika A Woreta
- Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Kyle E Miller
- Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland; Department of Ophthalmology, Navy Medical Center Portsmouth, Portsmouth, Virginia
| | - Matthew C Caldwell
- Department of Ophthalmology, San Antonio Uniformed Services Health Education Consortium, San Antonio, Texas
| | - William G Gensheimer
- Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire; White River Junction Veterans Administration Medical Center, White River Junction, Vermont
| | - Tom Williamson
- Department of Ophthalmology, St Thomas Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Peter Shah
- Birmingham Institute for Glaucoma Research, Birmingham, United Kingdom; Ophthalmology Department, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew Coombes
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Royal London Hospital, Barts Health NHS Trust, Whitechapel Road, London, United Kingdom
| | - Gangadhara Sundar
- Department of Ophthalmology, National University Hospital, Singapore
| | - Robert A Mazzoli
- Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Malcolm Woodcock
- Worcestershire Acute Hospitals NHS Trust, Worcester, United Kingdom
| | - Ferenc Kuhn
- Helen Keller Foundation for Research and Education, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Stephanie L Watson
- The University of Sydney, Save Sight Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Renata S M Gomes
- BRAVO VICTOR, Research & Innovation, London, United Kingdom; Northern Hub for Veterans and Military Families Research, Northumbria University, Newcastle, United Kingdom
| | - Rupesh Agrawal
- National Healthcare Group Eye Institute, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore; Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore; Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Singapore; Duke NUS Medical School, Singapore
| | - Richard J Blanch
- Ophthalmology Department, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, United Kingdom; Neuroscience & Ophthalmology, Institute of Inflammation & Ageing, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom; Ophthalmology Department, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, United Kingdom; Academic Department of Military Surgery and Trauma, Royal Centre for Defence Medicine, Birmingham, United Kingdom.
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Mishra A, Agrawal M, Bhirud A, Kapoor G, Baranwal VK, Rao B. Prevent, curtail and mitigate ocular injuries: Proposal for designing an eye injury registry model for the Indian Armed Forces. Med J Armed Forces India 2023; 79:487-493. [PMID: 37719900 PMCID: PMC10499631 DOI: 10.1016/j.mjafi.2023.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
This article aims to propose a design for Eye Injury Registry (EIR) model for Indian Armed Forces, to make ophthalmologists and non-ophthalmologists aware about the existence as well as the usefulness of such a registry. This is a perspective study. The EIR model for Armed Forces was designed based on the relevant sources in PubMed, Scopus and Embase including registries of pioneering countries like United States and Canada. A questionnaire based on the model dimensions was developed (Cronbach's alpha>0.7) and filled by 04 senior ophthalmologists in Armed Forces, all of who had a significant experience in dealing with various types of ocular trauma, to give expert opinions, which were then applied to the proposed model to finalize it. In Armed Forces, a registry and reporting on eye injury along with a systematic collection of standard data on eye injuries will help ophthalmologists in the successful prevention. Such a registry and its large database once formed will permit elaborate epidemiologic investigations, highlighting preventable sources of injury, emerging patterns of trauma in our services, and the best possible treatment protocols to be adopted, for successful outcomes. EIR in Armed Forces can help in the collection of eye injury data, thereby improving the quality-of-care and expansion of prevention strategies for ocular injuries. It is a step to make a truly effective data bank, which will be instrumental in combating such preventable ocular injuries and in turn go a very long way in achieving the final goal of preventing up to 90% of such injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avinash Mishra
- Professor & Head (Ophthalmology), Military Hospital, Jalandhar, India
| | - Mohini Agrawal
- Assistant Professor (Ophthalmology), Command Hospital (Western Command), Chandimandir, India
| | - Atul Bhirud
- Assistant Professor (Ophthalmology), Command Hospital (Western Command), Chandimandir, India
| | - Gaurav Kapoor
- Professor (Ophthalmology), Command Hospital (Western Command), Chandimandir, India
| | | | - B.V. Rao
- Professor (Ophthalmology), Command Hospital (Eastern Command), Kolkata, India
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Li C, Fu Y, Liu S, Yu H, Yang X, Zhang M, Liu L. The global incidence and disability of eye injury: an analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. EClinicalMedicine 2023; 62:102134. [PMID: 37599904 PMCID: PMC10432781 DOI: 10.1016/j.eclinm.2023.102134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Revised: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The aim of the present study was to estimate the incidence, years lived with disability (YLDs), and cause of eye injury at global, regional, and national levels by age and sex based on the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2019. Methods This is a retrospective demographic analysis based on aggregated data. GBD 2019 included the burden of eye injury worldwide and its temporal and spatial characteristics in the past three decades. The Bayesian meta-regression tool and DisMod-MR 2.1 were used to analyse the estimates based on a linear regression mode of the age-standardised rates (ASR). Average annual percent change (AAPC) was calculated to represent the temporal trends of the ASR. Findings Globally, there were 59,933.29 thousand (95% uncertainty interval [UI]: 45,772.34-77,084.03) incident cases and 438.4 thousand (95% UI: 132.44-898.38) YLDs of eye injury in 2019. Both the ASR of incidence and YLDs decreased from 1990 to 2019, with AAPC -0.46 (95% confidence interval [CI]: -0.52 to -0.39) and -0.45 (95% CI: -0.52 to -0.39), respectively. Males had higher rates of incidence and YLDs in all age groups. Young and middle-aged adults had higher disease burdens. Regionally, Australasia had the highest ASR of YLDs to be 9.51 (95% UI: 3.00-19.58) per 100,000. Nationally, New Zealand had the highest burden of eye injury to be 11.33 (95% UI: 3.57-23.10) per 100,000. Foreign bodies, exposure to mechanical forces, and falls were the main causes of global eye injury burden in 2019, and there was an increased worldwide burden due to road injuries and executions and police conflict compared with 1990. Interpretation Our findings suggest that the incidence and burden of eye injury have decreased over the last 30 years, while the absolute number of eye injuries has substantially increased, representing a major public health concern. Males and young adults were affected to a greater degree than females and elder individuals. More attention should be paid to road injuries and executions and police conflict in order to prevent eye injury. Funding Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (GDPH) Supporting Fund for Talent Program (KY0120220263).
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Guangdong Eye Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, China
- School of Medicine South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, China
| | - Yongyan Fu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The People's Hospital of Liaoning Province, 33 Wenyi Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Shunming Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Guangdong Eye Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, China
| | - Honghua Yu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Guangdong Eye Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence in Medical Image Analysis and Application, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, China
| | - Xiaohong Yang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Guangdong Eye Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, China
| | - Meixia Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
- Macular Disease Research Laboratory, Department of Ophthalmology, Sichuan University, West China Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Lei Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Guangdong Eye Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, China
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Zhang K, Zhang S, He W, Lu Y, Zhu X. Preclinical biocompatibility and biosafety evaluation of a new foldable brown diaphragm intraocular lens: An in vitro and in vivo study. Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2023. [PMID: 37169585 DOI: 10.1111/ceo.14226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A new foldable brown diaphragm intraocular lens (IOL) was preclinically evaluated in vitro and in vivo by comparing its biocompatibility and biosafety with those of a commercially available IOL. METHODS The new foldable iris-diaphragm IOL is composed of hydrophobic acrylic material, with a transparent optical zone and surrounding brown diaphragm. Cellular experiments evaluating lens epithelial cell morphology, adhesion, and migration were conducted to exclude cytotoxic effects. Twelve New Zealand rabbits underwent implantation of a brown diaphragm IOL in one eye, whilst an additional 12 had a commercially available foldable IOL implanted, followed by slit-lamp evaluations of inflammatory reactions and capsular opacification. Corneal endothelial cells density was measured before and after implantation. Aqueous humour samples were obtained weekly for liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analysis to investigate dye leakage from the brown-diaphragm IOL. Following 12 weeks of observation, haematoxylin and eosin staining of ocular tissue and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of the IOL surface were performed. RESULTS Results from in vivo experiments found no statistically significant differences between the two groups in terms of postoperative inflammation and capsular biocompatibility. No significant changes in corneal endothelial cell density were observed in either group before and after surgery. LC-MS/MS analysis showed that the target dye was not detected in aqueous humour samples. Histopathology of ocular sections and SEM imaging of IOL surfaces showed similar changes in both groups. CONCLUSIONS The newly invented IOL showed good biocompatibility and biosafety. Combined with its foldability and peripheral shading, it could be a new choice for patients with iris defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keke Zhang
- Eye Institute and Department of Ophthalmology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University), Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shaohua Zhang
- Eye Institute and Department of Ophthalmology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University), Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenwen He
- Eye Institute and Department of Ophthalmology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University), Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Lu
- Eye Institute and Department of Ophthalmology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University), Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiangjia Zhu
- Eye Institute and Department of Ophthalmology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University), Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Zhou B, Uppuluri A, Zarbin MA, Bhagat N. Work-related ocular trauma in the United States: a National Trauma Databank study. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2023:10.1007/s00417-023-05983-9. [PMID: 36752841 DOI: 10.1007/s00417-023-05983-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aims to investigate trends and risk factors associated with work-related ocular injuries occurring in adults aged 19-64 using the National Trauma Databank (NTDB). METHODS In this retrospective, cross-sectional study, the NTDB was used to collect all patients with an ICD-9 code of work-related ocular trauma from 2007 to 2014. Demographic data and risk factors collected included age, gender, race, setting, machinery, and mechanism. Descriptive statistics, univariate, and logistic regression multivariate analyses were conducted. RESULTS Between 2007 and 2014, 234,983 cases of work-related trauma were identified, of which 11,097 (5.7%) cases involved ocular trauma. The mean age of patients was 40.7 years (SD = 12.2), and the majority of patients (93.7%) were male. Most injuries occurred in an industrial facility, and the most common injuries were orbital floor fractures (OFFs), ocular contusions, open wounds to the adnexa, and open globe injuries (OGIs). OFFs most commonly involved a concurrent fracture of another facial or skull bone. Male gender (RR = 1.22; CI 1.09-1.38), accidental falls (RR = 1.50; CI 1.41-1.60), trauma from falling objects (RR = 1.34; CI 1.21-1.48), involvement in an unarmed fight (RR = 1.63; CI 1.39-1.91), assault by a blunt object (RR = 1.59; CI 1.31-1.91), and injury caused by animals (RR = 1.63; CI 1.30-2.02) were risk factors for OFFs. Patients with OFFs were less likely to have a concurrent OGI (RR = 0.27; CI 0.23-0.32). On the other hand, injuries occurring in industrial facilities (RR = 1.29; CI 1.11-1.51) and injuries with a loose foreign body striking the eye or adnexa (RR = 1.54; CI 1.28-1.84) were risk factors for OGI. The most common causes of work-related ocular trauma were accidental falls, motor vehicle accidents, and accidentally being struck in the eye. The mean length of hospital stay was 6.56 days (SD = 10.82); 36.7% of patients required ICU admission, and the overall in-hospital mortality rate was 2.8%. CONCLUSION The majority of work-related ocular trauma occurred in men, most commonly in industrial locations. Accidental falls were the most common identified cause of trauma. OFF was the most common ocular injury; 80% of OFF cases involved additional facial and skull fractures. Patients with OFFs were less likely to have a concurrent OGI compared with patients without OFFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Zhou
- Institute of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Doctor Office Center Suite 6100, 90 Bergen Street, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Aditya Uppuluri
- Institute of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Doctor Office Center Suite 6100, 90 Bergen Street, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Marco A Zarbin
- Institute of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Doctor Office Center Suite 6100, 90 Bergen Street, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Neelakshi Bhagat
- Institute of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Doctor Office Center Suite 6100, 90 Bergen Street, Newark, NJ, USA.
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Toh ZH, Shah SM, Chua CH, Hoskin AK, Agrawal R, Shah M. International Globe and Adnexal Trauma Epidemiology Study (IGATES): Visual outcomes in open globe injuries in rural West India. Eye (Lond) 2023; 37:88-96. [PMID: 35022567 PMCID: PMC9829745 DOI: 10.1038/s41433-021-01895-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES To evaluate the factors influencing final visual outcome after surgical repair of open globe injuries (OGIs) in a rural population using the International Globe and Adnexal Trauma Epidemiology Study (IGATES) online registry. SUBJECTS/METHODS Retrospective cohort study of patients with OGI. OGIs were identified from the IGATES database at a tertiary referral eye care centre in rural West India over a period of 12 years. Patient demographics, clinical and pre-operative factors affecting final visual outcome was evaluated. RESULTS A total of 791 eyes with OGIs were included in data analysis. 11 eyes that were lost to follow-up and 12 eyes with incomplete data were excluded. Most of the patients were male (559, 70.6%) and mean age of all patients was 23.9 years ± 19.4 years. Occupational hazards (including domestic housework) (307, 38.8%) and leisure play (324, 41.0%) were the leading causes of OGI. The most common mechanism of injury was being struck by a wooden stick (250, 31.6%). Univariate analysis of pre-operative variables showed initial visual acuity (VA), zone of injury, size of wound, structures involved in the injury and presence of infection were significant prognostic factors for worse final visual outcome (p < 0.001). Multivariate analysis showed VA ≤ 3/60 or worse at presentation had statistically significantly higher odds ratio of ending up with worse visual outcomes (p < 0.012). CONCLUSIONS Males in working age groups suffer from OGIs more frequently, usually from agricultural and pastoral activities. Initial VA, zone 3 injuries, corneoscleral wound, large wound size and presence of post-traumatic infections are significant prognostic factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Hong Toh
- National Healthcare Group Eye Institute, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Chun Hau Chua
- National Healthcare Group Eye Institute, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Annette K Hoskin
- Save Sight Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- Lions Eye Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Rupesh Agrawal
- National Healthcare Group Eye Institute, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore, Singapore.
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore, Singapore.
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore.
- Duke NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore.
| | - Mehul Shah
- Drashti Netralaya Ophthalmic Mission Trust, Dahod, Gujarat, India.
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Vichare N, Pushkar K, Agrawal M, Jindal I. Vision related quality-of-life among patients with traumatic or non-traumatic ocular disease and its association with the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act: Unveiling-the-hidden. Indian J Ophthalmol 2022; 70:4245-4250. [PMID: 36453325 PMCID: PMC9940580 DOI: 10.4103/ijo.ijo_1530_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To assess vision-related quality of life (VrQoL) in cases with visual loss after ocular trauma (OT) or non-traumatic ocular disease (NTOD) using the National Eye Institute's 25-Item Visual Function Questionnaire 25 (VFQ-25) and its association with visual disability % (VD%) based on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (RPwD) Act, 2016. Methods This was a prospective observational study conducted among cases with ocular morbidity in either or both eyes with a visual acuity of ≤6/24. VFQ-25 questionnaire was administered to measure QoL scores. Statistical analysis was done using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 23. P < 0.05 was taken as significant. Results Eighty-eight respondents completed the questionnaire. Mean age of participants was 40.272 ± 9.35 years (range: 23-55 years). Forty-three (48.9%) and 45 (51.1%) participants had OT and NTOD, respectively. The most common cause was traumatic optic neuropathy (21.6%) followed by corneal causes (19.4%). Low visual QoL scores were reported in all the cases (57.52 ± 16.08). Between OT and NTOD, a significant difference in terms of age (P = 0.001) and general vision (P = 0.03) was seen. Lowest scores were for driving. Based on VD%, 77 cases had ≤40 and the rest had >40% VD with a significant difference in overall mean scores (P = 0.03), specifically in domains of general vision (P = 0.00), near activities (P = 0.00), and driving (P = 0.007). QoL was decreased in each subscale of ≤40%VD group, who faced the same predicament everywhere as by the cases with more disability. Conclusion Ocular morbidity is associated with low QoL, predominantly in domains like general vision, near activities and driving. The RPwD Act leaves out a huge population with VD without any government benefits. One might need to consider other vision-related factors also to provide them with social, psychological, and employment benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nitin Vichare
- Department of Ophthalmology, Command Hospital, Pune, India
| | - Kumar Pushkar
- Department of Community Medicine, Command Hospital, Pune, India
| | - Mohini Agrawal
- Department of Ophthalmology, Command Hospital, Pune, India,Correspondence to: Dr. Mohini Agrawal, Department of Ophthalmology, Command Hospital, Pune - 411 040, Maharashtra, India. E-mail:
| | - Imroz Jindal
- Department of Orthopaedics, Armed Forces Medical College, Pune, India
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10
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Wei X, Ang BCH, Nazir A, Shah FQ, Qureshi T, Jain A, Natarajan S. A series of 777 pellet gun ocular injuries over a 4-month period in Kashmir. Indian J Ophthalmol 2022; 70:3465-3469. [PMID: 36190028 PMCID: PMC9789860 DOI: 10.4103/ijo.ijo_721_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To examine the incidence, clinical findings and management of pellet gun-related ocular injuries that occurred during protests in Kashmir region. Methods This retrospective study included records from 777 patients diagnosed with pellet gun-related ocular injuries admitted to a tertiary hospital in Srinagar, India, between July and November 2016. By reviewing the clinical records, the following data were collected: demographics, clinical information pertaining to the injury, imaging reports including computer tomography and ultrasonography B-scan, management in the emergency setting, and follow-up treatment. Results Mean age was 22.3 ± 7.2 years and majority patients were male (97.7%). In terms of laterality, 94.3% and 5.7% of the patients sustained monocular and binocular injuries, respectively. In terms of the nature of injury, 76.3% of the eyes had open globe injury while 23.7% of the eyes had closed eye injury. Emergency surgical exploration was performed in 67.7% of closed globe injuries while emergency primary repair was done in 91.1% of open globe injuries. The vast majority of patients (98.7%) who required surgery underwent surgical intervention on the day of admission or the next day. Final best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) after treatment was counting fingers or worse in 82.4% of the eyes. Conclusion Pellet gun-related ocular injuries resulted in significant ocular morbidity, mostly manifesting as open globe injuries. Treatment often required surgical interventions, but despite expeditious management, visual prognosis remained poor for most of the patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wei
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, Singapore,Department of Ophthalmology, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, National Healthcare Group Eye Institute, Singapore
| | - Bryan Chin Hou Ang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, National Healthcare Group Eye Institute, Singapore
| | - Arshi Nazir
- Department of Ophthalmology, Government Medical College, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Faisal Qayoom Shah
- Department of Ophthalmology, Government Medical College, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Tariq Qureshi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Government Medical College, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Astha Jain
- Vitreo Retinal Service, Kamala Sundaram Foundation, Aditya Jyot Fundation for Twinkling Little Eyes, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sundaram Natarajan
- Vitreo Retinal Service, Aditya Jyot Eye Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India,Correspondence to: Prof. Sundaram Natarajan, Aditya Jyot Eye Hospital Pvt Ltd, Plot No. 153, Road No. 9, Major Parmeshwaran Road, Opp S.I.W.S. College Gate No. 3, Wadala, Mumbai, Maharashtra - 400 031, India. E-mail:
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11
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Mudhol RR, Sankolli NA. Unusual presentation of fungal keratitis with endothelial plaque. BMJ Case Rep 2022; 15:e252212. [PMID: 36100290 PMCID: PMC9472158 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2022-252212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Rekha Ramesh Mudhol
- Shri B M Patil Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, Department of Ophthalmology, BLDE Deemed to be University, Vijayapura, Karnataka, India
| | - Nikhita Anil Sankolli
- Shri B M Patil Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, Department of Ophthalmology, BLDE Deemed to be University, Vijayapura, Karnataka, India
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12
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Hashemi H, Pakzad R, Khabazkhoob M, Yekta A, Emamian MH, Fotouhi A. Prevalence of ocular trauma in 6-12-year-old children living in Shahroud, Iran. BMC Ophthalmol 2022; 22:320. [PMID: 35883120 PMCID: PMC9316335 DOI: 10.1186/s12886-022-02541-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim To determine the prevalence of ocular trauma in Iranian children aged 6–12 years. Methods This population-based cross-sectional study, comprised the first phase of the Shahroud Schoolchildren Eye Cohort Study on primary school children using cluster sampling in urban areas and census in rural areas. The students underwent the measurement of uncorrected and corrected visual acuity as well as non-cycloplegic, cycloplegic, and subjective refraction. The history of trauma, hospitalization, and surgery due to trauma was collected from parents using a questionnaire. Results The data of the trauma history was recorded for 5267 out of 5620 students. The mean age of the students was 9.7 ± 1.7 years (range: 6–12 years), 53.7% of them were boys, and 79.3% were from urban areas. A positive history of ocular trauma was found in 285 participants, and the lifetime prevalence of ocular injury (95% CI) was 5.2% (4.6–5.9). Blunt trauma was the most common ocular injury with a prevalence of 66.2%. There was a significant positive assocation between ocular trauma and living in rural areas (OR: 1.49, p: 0.012), older age (OR: 1.17, p < 0.001), and male sex (OR: 1.62, p: 0.002). Furthermore, 9.3% and 4.7% of the traumas required hospitalization and surgical intervention, respectively. Conclusion This study found a marked prevalence of ocular trauma compared to previous studies. Male sex, older age, and living in rural areas were associated with ocular trauma, which could be due to differences in lifestyle preference, outdoor exposure, and dangerous situations. Educational programs and safety instructions should be encouraged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Hashemi
- Noor Research Center for Ophthalmic Epidemiology, Noor Eye Hospital, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Pakzad
- Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Health, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
| | - Mehdi Khabazkhoob
- Department of Basic Sciences, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abbasali Yekta
- Department of Optometry, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hassan Emamian
- Ophthalmic Epidemiology Research Center, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran.
| | - Akbar Fotouhi
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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13
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Moharana B, Gupta R, Sharma B. Commentary: Open globe injury: The Indian perspective. Indian J Ophthalmol 2022; 70:864-865. [PMID: 35225532 PMCID: PMC9114611 DOI: 10.4103/ijo.ijo_2422_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Bruttendu Moharana
- Department of Ophthalmology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Rituka Gupta
- Department of Ophthalmology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Bhavana Sharma
- Department of Ophthalmology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
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14
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Kounser A, Rasool A, Wani J, Manzoor N. Etiology of corneal blindness in patients attending a tertiary care center in Kashmir. Taiwan J Ophthalmol 2022; 13:62-67. [DOI: 10.4103/tjo.tjo_4_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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15
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Jac-Okereke CC, Jac-Okereke CA, Ezegwui IR, Umeh RE. Current pattern of ocular trauma as seen in tertiary institutions in south-eastern Nigeria. BMC Ophthalmol 2021; 21:420. [PMID: 34865621 PMCID: PMC8645126 DOI: 10.1186/s12886-021-02162-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Ocular trauma is a leading cause of monocular blindness worldwide and in developing countries, are not only more common but also more severe. Industrialization and urbanization may alter or modify prevalent aetiological factors and the presentation of ocular trauma. Objective To determine the current pattern of eye injuries in Teaching Hospitals in Enugu State. Methods This prospective cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out at the eye clinics and emergency units of two tertiary institutions in Enugu, Nigeria. Consecutive ocular trauma patients were enrolled over a 5-month period. On presentation, they underwent ocular examination including visual acuity (which was categorized according to the WHO classification of visual impairment and blindness}, anterior and posterior segment examinations. Injuries were grouped using the Birmingham Eye Trauma Terminology system. Results Within the study period, 2545 new patients presented to the hospitals where the study was conducted. A total of 89 patients presented with ocular trauma, giving an incidence of 3.5%. The male to female ratio was 1.3:1 and patients aged 10 to 19 years formed the majority (24%). Domestic accidents (22%) were the most common cause of ocular injuries while blunt objects (57%) were the most common agents. Closed globe injuries constituted 76% of all injuries. Forty-three per cent of patients presented within 24 h of injury. Conclusion Ocular trauma is still prevalent in South-eastern Nigeria and there has indeed been a change in the pattern as well as the incidence. Assault and road traffic accidents have emerged as important causes of eye injuries. In addition, there has been an improvement in the health-seeking behaviour of people living in Enugu and this may reflect positively on the uptake of recommended preventive strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Rich Enujioke Umeh
- University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Ituku/Ozalla, Enugu State, Nigeria
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16
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Parchand S, Shenoy P, Muralidhar A, Kohli G, Gangwe A, Agrawal D, Varshney A, Mittal R, Saha I, Madharia A, Singh S, Sen A, Trehan H, Agarwal M. Changing patterns of posterior segment trauma during the COVID-19 pandemic: A regional analysis from the Bodhya Eye Consortium. Indian J Ophthalmol 2021; 69:2828-2835. [PMID: 34571643 PMCID: PMC8597502 DOI: 10.4103/ijo.ijo_1395_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Revised: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To assess changes in the presentation patterns of posterior segment trauma during the COVID-19 pandemic from six tertiary eye care institutes of North and Central India. Methods A multicenter, hospital-based, retrospective comparative analysis of patients presenting with posterior segment trauma was done during the COVID-19 (Group A) (March 25, 2020 - September 30, 2020) period and the pre-COVID-19 (Group B) (March 25, 2019 - September 30, 2019) period. Results A total of 405 patients were diagnosed with posterior segment trauma (Group A: 206, Group B: 199). The time interval between onset of trauma and presentation was higher in Group A (16.59 ± 29.87 days) as compared to Group B (9.41 ± 19.19 days) (P = 0.004). A majority of patients in Group A had a history of prior consultation before presentation (P = 0.049). In Group A, 120 (58.2%) patients sustained ocular trauma at home as compared to 80 (40.2%) patients in Group B (P < 0.0001). Patients presenting with light perception were significantly more in Group A (43.7%) as compared to Group B (30.2%) (P = 0.004). In Group B, 37.6% patients had presenting visual acuity of counting finger or better as compared to 27.6% patients in Group A (P = 0.07). Patients in Group A had a significantly higher proportion of post-traumatic endophthalmitis with delayed presentation (P = 0.011) and retinal detachment (P = 0.041). Patients undergoing surgery for foreign-body removal were significantly fewer in Group A (P = 0.05). Conclusion Although the number of patients presenting with posterior segment trauma was comparable in Groups A and B, a greater number of patients sustained home injuries during the COVID-19 pandemic. A majority of these patients had delayed presentation with poor presenting visual acuity and a higher tendency of retinal detachment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swapnil Parchand
- Department of Vitreo-retina, MGM Eye Institute, Raipur, Chattisgarh, India
- The Bodhya Eye Consortium
| | - Pratik Shenoy
- Department of Vitreo-retina Services, Sadguru Netra Chikitsalaya, Chitrakoot, Madhya Pradesh, India
- The Bodhya Eye Consortium
| | - Alankrita Muralidhar
- Department of Vitreo-retina Services, Dr Shroff’s Charity Eye Hospital, New Delhi, India
- The Bodhya Eye Consortium
| | - Gaurav Kohli
- Department of Vitreo-retina Services, Sadguru Netra Chikitsalaya, Chitrakoot, Madhya Pradesh, India
- The Bodhya Eye Consortium
| | - Anil Gangwe
- Department of Vitreo-retina, MGM Eye Institute, Raipur, Chattisgarh, India
- The Bodhya Eye Consortium
| | - Deepanshu Agrawal
- Department of Vitreo-retina, MGM Eye Institute, Raipur, Chattisgarh, India
- The Bodhya Eye Consortium
| | - Abhishek Varshney
- Department of Vitreo-retina Services, CL Gupta Eye Institute, Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
- The Bodhya Eye Consortium
| | - Ruchi Mittal
- Department of Vitreo-retina Services, LJ Eye Institute, Ambala, Haryana, India
- The Bodhya Eye Consortium
| | - Indranil Saha
- Department of Vitreo-retina Services, Regional Institute of Ophthalmology, Sitapur Eye Hospital, Sitapur, Uttar Pradesh, India
- The Bodhya Eye Consortium
| | - Aishwarya Madharia
- Department of Vitreo-retina Services, Sadguru Netra Chikitsalaya, Chitrakoot, Madhya Pradesh, India
- The Bodhya Eye Consortium
| | - Shalini Singh
- Department of Vitreo-retina Services, Dr Shroff’s Charity Eye Hospital, New Delhi, India
- The Bodhya Eye Consortium
| | - Alok Sen
- Department of Vitreo-retina Services, Sadguru Netra Chikitsalaya, Chitrakoot, Madhya Pradesh, India
- The Bodhya Eye Consortium
| | - Hemant Trehan
- Department of Vitreo-retina Services, Command Hospital Air Force, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Manisha Agarwal
- Department of Vitreo-retina Services, Dr Shroff’s Charity Eye Hospital, New Delhi, India
- The Bodhya Eye Consortium
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Keay L, Palagyi A, Do V, White A, Lamoureux E, Ivers RQ, Pesudovs K, Stapleton F, Boufous S, Mccluskey P. Vision and driving status of older Australians with cataract: an investigation of public hospital waiting lists. Clin Exp Optom 2021; 99:449-55. [DOI: 10.1111/cxo.12414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2015] [Revised: 01/29/2016] [Accepted: 02/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Keay
- The George Institute for Global Health, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia,
| | - Anna Palagyi
- The George Institute for Global Health, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia,
| | - Vu Do
- The George Institute for Global Health, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia,
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of New South Wales, Kensington, New South Wales, Australia,
| | - Andrew White
- Westmead Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia,
- Westmead Millennium Institute, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia,
- Save Sight Institute, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia,
| | - Ecosse Lamoureux
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia,
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore,
- Duke‐NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore,
| | - Rebecca Q Ivers
- The George Institute for Global Health, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia,
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia,
| | - Konrad Pesudovs
- NHMRC Centre for Clinical Eye Research, Discipline of Optometry, School of Health Sciences, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia,
| | - Fiona Stapleton
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of New South Wales, Kensington, New South Wales, Australia,
| | - Soufiane Boufous
- Australia Transport and Road Safety Research, University of New South Wales, Kensington, New South Wales, Australia,
| | - Peter Mccluskey
- Save Sight Institute, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia,
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Sahu P, Mishra A, Wadwekar B, Sanjana E, Manikandan M. Burden of ocular trauma and its effect on vision: A community-based cross-sectional study in the coastal population of South India. JOURNAL OF CURRENT RESEARCH IN SCIENTIFIC MEDICINE 2021. [DOI: 10.4103/jcrsm.jcrsm_12_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Jin G, Zou M, Zhang Y, Chen A, Young CA, Li Y, Jin L, Congdon N, Zheng D. Time trends, associations and global burden of intraocular foreign bodies. Br J Ophthalmol 2020; 106:435-439. [PMID: 33243828 DOI: 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2020-317063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Revised: 10/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To estimate the disease burden due to intraocular foreign bodies (IOFBs) and evaluate contributions of various risk factors to IOFB-associated disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs). METHODS Global, regional and country-level number, rate and age-standardised rate of DALYs due to IOFBs were acquired from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017 database. The Human Development Index (HDI) and other region and country-level data were obtained from open databases. Time trends for number, rate and age-standardised rate of DALYs due to IOFBs were calculated. Regression analysis was used to evaluate associations between age-standardised rate of DALYs and potential predictors. RESULTS Global DALYs due to IOFBs rose by 43.7% between 1990 (139 (95% CI 70.8 to 233) thousand) and 2017 (202 (95% CI 105 to 335) thousand). The DALY rate remained stable while the age-standardised rate decreased during this period. Higher disease burden due to IOFBs was associated with higher glaucoma prevalence (β=0.006, 95% CI 0.003 to 0.09, p<0.001), lower refractive error prevalence (β=-0.0005, 95% CI -0.0007 to -0.0002, p<0.001), and lower income (β=-0.020, 95% CI -0.035 to -0.006, p=0.007). CONCLUSION Predictors of a greater burden of IOFB disability generally point to lower socioeconomic level. The association with glaucoma may reflect a complication of IOFB, increasing risk of vision loss and disability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangming Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Minjie Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yichi Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Aiming Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat- sen University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Charlotte Aimee Young
- Department of Ophthalmology, Third Affiliated Hospital, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yi Li
- School Of Pharmacy And Food Science, Zhuhai College Jilin University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
| | - Ling Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Nathan Congdon
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China .,Centre for Public Health, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Danying Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Engelhard SB, Salek SS, Justin GA, Sim AJ, Woreta FA, Reddy AK. Malpractice Litigation in Ophthalmic Trauma. Clin Ophthalmol 2020; 14:1979-1986. [PMID: 32764863 PMCID: PMC7367728 DOI: 10.2147/opth.s260226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To report and analyze the causes and outcomes of malpractice litigation in ophthalmic trauma. Methods The Westlaw® database was reviewed for ophthalmology litigation in the United States between 1930 and 2014. All ophthalmic trauma cases were included and compared to non-traumatic ophthalmology malpractice cases. Results Forty-four ophthalmic trauma cases were included. Of these cases, 90.9% of ophthalmic trauma plaintiffs were male compared to 54.8% of plaintiffs in ophthalmology as a whole (P=<0.001); 34.1% of cases involved minor plaintiffs compared to 6.4% in ophthalmology as a whole (P=<0.001). Cases involving minors were more likely to be resolved in favor of the plaintiff than cases involving adult plaintiffs (53.3% vs 37.9%); however, this was not found to statistically significant (P=0.35). Overall, 54.5% of cases were resolved in favor of defendants; 40.9% of cases were resolved via jury trial with 50.0% resulting in payments to plaintiffs compared to the 29.6% rate of plaintiff verdicts in ophthalmology as a whole. Open globe injuries represented 61.4% of cases; 55.6% of these cases had intraocular foreign bodies and 37.0% developed endophthalmitis. Most cases (63.6%) alleged insufficient intervention. Of these cases, 31.8% of cases involved surgical or procedural claims, and 4.5% involved medical claims only. Conclusion Males and minors were overrepresented among plaintiffs in ocular trauma litigation. Most cases involved open globe injuries, often complicated by retained intraocular foreign bodies and endophthalmitis. Analysis of malpractice litigation in ophthalmic trauma calls attention to commonly litigated scenarios to improve clinical practice and to inform risk management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie B Engelhard
- Department of Ophthalmology, New York-Presbyterian/Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sherveen S Salek
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kaiser Permanente Washington, Silverdale, WA, USA
| | - Grant A Justin
- Department of Ophthalmology, Brooke Army Medical Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Austin J Sim
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Fasika A Woreta
- Department of Ophthalmology, Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ashvini K Reddy
- Athena Eye Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA.,Department of Ophthalmology, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
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Toh ZH, Agrawal S, Raje D, Hoskin A, Agrawal R, Khandelwal R. International globe and adnexal trauma epidemiology study (IGATES): a report from Central India on visual outcome in open globe injuries and correlation with ocular trauma score. Int Ophthalmol 2020; 40:2797-2806. [DOI: 10.1007/s10792-020-01429-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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22
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Jha KN, Rajalakshmi AR, Biswas S, Govindasamy E. Clinical profile and risk factors of ocular trauma: a hospital-based study from Pondicherry, India. EXPERT REVIEW OF OPHTHALMOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/17469899.2019.1698949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kirti Nath Jha
- Department of Ophthalmology, Mahatma Gandhi Medical College and Research Institute, Sri Balaji Vidyapeeth (SBV), Deemed-to-be-University, Pondicherry, India
| | - Adithyapuram Ramachandran Rajalakshmi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Mahatma Gandhi Medical College and Research Institute, Sri Balaji Vidyapeeth (SBV), Deemed-to-be-University, Pondicherry, India
| | - Sima Biswas
- Department of Ophthalmology, Mahatma Gandhi Medical College and Research Institute, Sri Balaji Vidyapeeth (SBV), Deemed-to-be-University, Pondicherry, India
| | - Ezhumalai Govindasamy
- Department of Ophthalmology, Mahatma Gandhi Medical College and Research Institute, Sri Balaji Vidyapeeth (SBV), Deemed-to-be-University, Pondicherry, India
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Swain T, McGwin G. The Prevalence of Eye Injury in the United States, Estimates from a Meta-Analysis. Ophthalmic Epidemiol 2019; 27:186-193. [DOI: 10.1080/09286586.2019.1704794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Swain
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, University of Alabama, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Gerald McGwin
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, University of Alabama, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
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Kennedy MS, Robinson J, Whist E, McCallum GB, Mahendrarajah T. Epidemiology of ocular trauma in the Indigenous vs non-Indigenous population in the Top End. Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2018; 47:995-999. [PMID: 30362227 DOI: 10.1111/ceo.13429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2018] [Revised: 09/09/2018] [Accepted: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Epidemiological data on visually significant ocular trauma in the Top End of the Northern Territory. BACKGROUND Our main objective is to determine whether Indigenous patients are disproportionately affected by visually significant ocular trauma as compared to non-Indigenous patients. DESIGN This was a retrospective audit at the Royal Darwin Hospital in the Top End of the Northern Territory during January 2013 to June 2015. PARTICIPANTS A total of 104 ocular trauma patients were included; 43 were Indigenous and 61 were non-Indigenous. METHODS Medical records of patients with ocular trauma between January 2013 and June 2015 (except simple, non-penetrating corneal foreign bodies and abrasions) were reviewed. Vision loss was defined by visual acuity: mild ≥6/18, moderate 6/18-6/60, severe ≤6/60 following World Health Organization standards. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The study included the incidence of ocular trauma patients by ethnicity (Indigenous vs non-Indigenous). Our secondary outcome included vision loss, mechanism of injury, open vs closed injury, age, remoteness and alcohol involvement. RESULTS A total of 104 patient charts were reviewed; 43 (41%) were Indigenous and 61 (59%) were non-Indigenous. Alleged assault was the greatest contributor to ocular trauma in both groups (74% in Indigenous vs 39% non-Indigenous). Severe vision loss was more prevalent in the Indigenous vs non-Indigenous patients (30% vs 16%). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Indigenous patients were disproportionately affected by visually significant ocular trauma compared to non-Indigenous patients. This research provides important data on ocular trauma in the Northern Territory. Further prevention strategies are needed to reduce vision loss in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morgan S Kennedy
- Department of Ophthalmology, Royal Darwin Hospital, Tiwi, Australia
| | - James Robinson
- Department of Ophthalmology, Royal Darwin Hospital, Tiwi, Australia
| | - Eline Whist
- Department of Ophthalmology, Royal Darwin Hospital, Tiwi, Australia
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Abstract
Purpose. Occupational eye injuries are among the major causes of ocular trauma and can cause severe visual impairment, with even minor injuries incurring considerable financial costs due to work absenteeism. This study was designed to evaluate the epidemiology of eye trauma and the role of occupational injuries at Farabi Eye Hospital, which is the largest eye hospital in Iran. Methods. In this prospective, cross-sectional study, 822 eyes from 768 trauma patients presenting to Farabi Eye Hospital were enrolled in the study. The Birmingham Eye Trauma Terminology System and the United States Eye Injury Registry model were adopted as the basis for the study questionnaire. The questionnaires were completed through in-person interviews and comprehensive ocular examinations. Results. The mean age of ocular trauma patients was 31.11 years, and 685 (89.2%) patients were male. Of all eye injuries, 73.7% were work-related. Only 2.2% of the patients were wearing safety goggles at the time of injury. History of previous eye trauma was positive in 44.3% of cases. An Ocular Trauma Score 3 or more was present in 4% of patients. Conclusions. Work-related eye trauma is the major cause of eye injury in Iran and most often occurs as a result of the lack of proper eye protection. Most work-related eye injury patients are young men.
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Chatterjee S, Agrawal D. Primary prevention of ocular injury in agricultural workers with safety eyewear. Indian J Ophthalmol 2017; 65:859-864. [PMID: 28905831 PMCID: PMC5621270 DOI: 10.4103/ijo.ijo_334_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of preventing eye injury with the use of safety eyewear in agriculture workers. Methods: A sample group of 575 agricultural workers (Group A) engaged in harvesting paddy were provided with goggles with side covers. Following harvesting, a questionnaire-based survey was carried out to determine the frequency of their eye injuries. Workers with goggles were asked about the duration for which they used the goggles and also list barriers or difficulties with the same. The frequency of eye injuries in this group was compared with another group of agriculture workers (Group B) who did not use any safety eyewear. Results: The frequency of eye injuries in Group A was 4 (0.7%) and Group B was 61 (11.3%) which was highly significant (P = 0.0001). The relative risk calculated was 0.06 (95% confidence interval: 0.02–0.2). Agricultural workers in Group A had 94% less risk of ocular trauma compared to those in Group B. Injuries in both groups were caused by parts of the paddy plant. A significant number (76.2%) of workers used the goggles all or most of the time during work. Impaired vision when wearing goggles was the most frequent barrier reported by the workers. Other barriers were discomfort, shyness, forgetfulness, apathy, slowing of work pace, awkward appearance, and breakages. Conclusion: Safety eyewear conferred significant protection against work-related eye injuries in agriculture. Although safety eyewear was widely adopted by the workers, barriers reported by them will need to be addressed to make such programs more effective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samrat Chatterjee
- Cornea and Anterior Segment Services, MGM Eye Institute, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Deepshikha Agrawal
- Cornea and Anterior Segment Services, MGM Eye Institute, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India
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Multiple deprivation, vision loss, and ophthalmic disease in adults: global perspectives. Surv Ophthalmol 2017; 63:406-436. [PMID: 29100897 DOI: 10.1016/j.survophthal.2017.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2017] [Revised: 10/19/2017] [Accepted: 10/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The association between socioeconomic position and morbidity and mortality has long been recognized. We evaluate the evidence for an association between multiple aspects of deprivation and ocular health in a global context. This is a systematic review of studies that evaluated deprivation in the adult population in the context of the major acquired causes of visual loss such as cataract, diabetic eye disease, glaucoma, age-related macular degeneration, and ocular trauma. The search strategy identified relevant studies reported between 1946 and August 2016, with randomized control trials, case-control, cohort, and cross-sectional study designs being selected for inclusion. The studies identified in this review from across the world demonstrate the extent to which the common themes such as low educational attainment and low income may be associated with increased incidence of various sight-threatening conditions and may adversely affect access to specialist assessment and delivery of treatment. Health inequality may always persist, but an increased recognition of the importance of the various impacts of deprivation may empower policy makers to target limited resources to the most vulnerable groups in order to deliver the greatest benefit.
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Wang W, Zhou Y, Zeng J, Shi M, Chen B. Epidemiology and clinical characteristics of patients hospitalized for ocular trauma in South-Central China. Acta Ophthalmol 2017; 95:e503-e510. [PMID: 28371405 DOI: 10.1111/aos.13438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2016] [Accepted: 02/13/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Ocular trauma is a major cause of visual loss, but little is known about its epidemiology and clinical characteristics in China. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and clinical characteristics of ocular trauma and assess prognostic factors in Changsha, Hunan, located in South-Central China. METHODS A retrospective case series (ICD codes: S05) study of ocular trauma in patients was performed at the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, from 1 January 2010 to 31 December 2014. Demographic information, injury causes, ocular trauma types and initial and final visual acuity (VA) were recorded and analysed. The ocular trauma score (OTS) was calculated to assess the extent of the eye injury, prognosis and factors associated with visual impairment. All patient data were collected from the medical records system. RESULTS Of the 2009 patients presenting during this 5-year period, 1695 (84.4%) were males and 314 (15.6%) were females. The average age of all patients was 37.0 ± 19.3 years (range from 1 to 87 years). The age distribution showed a peak in the ocular trauma population in the 41- to 50-year age group (24%, n = 482), followed by the 51- to 60-year age group (16.9%, n = 339). Overall, open-globe injuries had a higher frequency (70.7%, n = 1420) than closed-globe injuries (28.6%, n = 575) and thermal/chemical injuries (0.7%, n = 14). Of the open-globe injuries, corneal penetration was the most common injury (32.2%, n = 646) followed by rupture (21.5%, n = 432) and an intraocular foreign body (16.2%, n = 325). Overall, the most frequent ocular trauma setting was the workplace (39.6%, n = 795), followed by the home (28.4%, n = 570), and the most frequent activity was ironwork. Firecracker- and firework-associated ocular trauma was significantly higher during the months of January and February than during other months (50.0%, n = 112, p < 0.001). In patients under 18 years, the most frequently occurring injury was open globe (84.5%, n = 349) with corneal penetration (59.3%, n = 245). Overall, an operation was performed in 1865 (92.8%) cases, and 144 cases (7.2%) were treated conservatively with medication. The average OTS score was 47.1 ± 19.5. The visual prognosis was closely correlated with the initial VA (r = 0.570, p = 0.000) and the OTS score (r = 0.603, p = 0.000). CONCLUSION This study describes the epidemiology and clinical characteristics of patients hospitalized for ocular trauma in South-Central China. Notably, a high rate of firework-related ocular trauma occurred during the months adjacent to the Chinese New Year festival. Specific injury prevention strategies, such as the use of protective eyewear, need to target the workplace to reduce the incidence and severity of ocular trauma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanpeng Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology; The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University; Changsha Hunan, China
| | - Yalan Zhou
- Department of Ophthalmology; The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University; Changsha Hunan, China
| | - Jun Zeng
- Department of Ophthalmology; The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University; Changsha Hunan, China
| | - Meng Shi
- Department of Ophthalmology; The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University; Changsha Hunan, China
| | - Baihua Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology; The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University; Changsha Hunan, China
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Fu R, Kancherla S, Eller AW, Yu JY. Characteristics and Outcomes of Open Globe Trauma in the Urban versus Rural Population: A Single Center Retrospective Review. Semin Ophthalmol 2017; 33:566-570. [DOI: 10.1080/08820538.2017.1340488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Roxana Fu
- Oculofacial Plastic and Orbital Surgery, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Swarupa Kancherla
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Andrew W. Eller
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Jenny Y. Yu
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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Wong MY, Man RE, Gupta P, Sabanayagam C, Wong TY, Cheng CY, Lamoureux EL. Prevalence, subtypes, severity and determinants of ocular trauma: The Singapore Chinese Eye Study. Br J Ophthalmol 2017. [PMID: 28625972 DOI: 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2017-310564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To describe the prevalence, subtypes, severity and determinants of ocular trauma (OT) in a population-based study in Singapore. METHODS We included 3353 Chinese adults aged ≥40 years from the Singapore Chinese Eye Study, a population-based study, conducted between 2009 and 2011. OT was defined as self-reported history of any eye injury requiring medical attention with or without hospitalisation, and further classified as blunt object, sharp object or chemical burns related. Age and gender-standardised prevalence was estimated using the 2010 Singapore Chinese population census. Multivariable models were used to assess the independent associations of OT with age, gender, income, education, literacy, alcohol consumption, smoking and history of falls. RESULTS The mean (SD) age was 59.7 (9.9) years and 49.4% were male. There were 138 OT cases, giving a crude and age and gender-standardised prevalence of 4.1% (95% CI 3.5% to 4.8%) and 4.4% (95% CI 3.7% to 5.2%), respectively. Of these, 45 (32.6%), 56 (40.6%) and 10 (7.3%) were blunt object, sharp object and chemical burns-related trauma, respectively. Twenty eight (20.3%) required hospitalisation, with no difference between subtypes. In multivariable models, men (OR (95% CI): 2.80 (1.79-4.39)), younger persons (per year decrease in age (1.03 (1.00-1.05)) and lower education levels (1.8 (1.25-2.60); comparing ≤6 years vs >6 years of education) were independent determinants of OT. CONCLUSIONS OT affected one in 25 adults, with 20% of these requiring hospitalisation. Because OT is preventable, raising awareness and education strategies in the population would allow prevention of vision loss particularly in men, and younger and lesser-educated individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Yz Wong
- Health Services Research, Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ryan Ek Man
- Health Services Research, Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Preeti Gupta
- Health Services Research, Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Charumathi Sabanayagam
- Ocular Epidemiology, Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore.,Centre for Quantitative Medicine, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Tien Yin Wong
- Office of Clinical Sciences, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore.,Medical Director's Office, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ching-Yu Cheng
- Ocular Epidemiology, Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore.,Centre for Quantitative Medicine, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore.,Glaucoma Department, Singapore National Eye Center, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ecosse Luc Lamoureux
- Health Services Research, Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore, Singapore.,Academic Medicine Research Institute (AMRI), Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
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Jovanovic N, Peek-Asa C, Swanton A, Young T, Alajbegovic-Halimic J, Cavaljuga S, Nisic F. Prevalence and risk factors associated with work-related eye injuries in Bosnia and Herzegovina. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH 2016; 22:325-332. [PMID: 27813453 PMCID: PMC5137557 DOI: 10.1080/10773525.2016.1243081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Eye injuries are a prevalent workplace injury and cause substantial disability when vision is impaired. OBJECTIVE To examine work-relatedness of demographic, injury, and clinical characteristics of eye injuries in a large clinic in Bosnia and Herzegovina. METHODS We performed a nine-year retrospective study of patients admitted with an eye injury to the Canton Hospital in Zenica, Bosnia and Herzeogvina. Controlling for age and sex, we used logistic regression to examine the influence of work-relatedness on patient and injury characteristics and clinical outcomes. RESULTS Of 258 patients, 71 (27.5%) had work-related and 180 (69.8%) had non-work-related eye injuries. Work-related eye injury was associated with age, education, occupation, and injury type. Agricultural workers were eight times more likely to experience work-related eye injury (95%CI = 1.21-152.0) compared to manual workers. Work-relatedness of injury did not predict final visual acuity or length of hospital stay. CONCLUSION Promotion of eye safety is needed countrywide. Occupational eye protection is a priority due to the relatively proportion of eye injuries and the workplace being a relatively controlled environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Jovanovic
- a Department of Ophthalmology , Canton Hospital Zenica , Zenica , Bosnia and Herzegovina.,b Injury Prevention Research Center (IPRC), College of Public Health , University of Iowa , Iowa City , IA , USA
| | - Corinne Peek-Asa
- b Injury Prevention Research Center (IPRC), College of Public Health , University of Iowa , Iowa City , IA , USA
| | - Amanda Swanton
- b Injury Prevention Research Center (IPRC), College of Public Health , University of Iowa , Iowa City , IA , USA
| | - Tracy Young
- b Injury Prevention Research Center (IPRC), College of Public Health , University of Iowa , Iowa City , IA , USA
| | | | - Semra Cavaljuga
- d Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics , School of Medicine, University of Sarajevo , Sarajevo , Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Faruk Nisic
- c Eye Clinic , Clinical Center University of Sarajevo , Sarajevo , Bosnia and Herzegovina
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Marmamula S, Khanna RC, Rao GN. Unilateral visual impairment in rural south India-Andhra Pradesh Eye Disease Study (APEDS). Int J Ophthalmol 2016; 9:763-7. [PMID: 27275437 DOI: 10.18240/ijo.2016.05.23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2015] [Accepted: 09/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To report the prevalence and causes of unilateral visual impairment (UVI) in rural population of all ages in rural Andhra Pradesh, India. METHODS A population-based cross sectional study using a multi-stage cluster sampling methodology was carried out in West Godavari, Adilabad and Mahbubnagar districts in south India. A comprehensive eye examination that included presenting and best corrected visual acuity and dilated fundus examination was conducted by trained professionals. UVI is defined as presenting visual acuity <6/18 in one eye but ≥6/18 in other eye. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to test association of UVI with socio-demographic risk factors. RESULTS Data were analyzed for 6634/7771 participants after excluding those with bilateral visual impairment. The mean age of the participants was 27.4y (standard deviation: 17.9y), 51.9% were women and 49.1% were educated. The prevalence of UVI was 7.8% (95% CI: 7.2%-8.5%). Uncorrected refractive error (60.8%), cataract (17.4%) and retinal causes (6.6%) were the leading causes of UVI. On multiple logistic regression analyses, older age, not having education, living in well-off district had significantly higher odds of being associated with UVI. UVI was not associated with gender. CONCLUSION UVI is common in rural south India. Most of it is due to cataract and refractive errors, both of which can be addressed at primary and secondary levels of eye care. Burden of UVI should also be considered in planning eye care services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srinivas Marmamula
- Allen Foster Community Eye Health Research Centre, Gullapalli Pratibha Rao-International Centre for Advancement of Rural Eye care, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad 500034, India; Brien Holden Eye Research Centre, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad 500034, India; School of Optometry & Vision Science, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2033, Australia
| | - Rohit C Khanna
- Allen Foster Community Eye Health Research Centre, Gullapalli Pratibha Rao-International Centre for Advancement of Rural Eye care, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad 500034, India; Brien Holden Eye Research Centre, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad 500034, India; School of Optometry & Vision Science, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2033, Australia
| | - Gullapalli N Rao
- Allen Foster Community Eye Health Research Centre, Gullapalli Pratibha Rao-International Centre for Advancement of Rural Eye care, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad 500034, India
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Hoskin AK, Philip SS, Yardley AME, Mackey DA. Eye Injury Prevention for the Pediatric Population. Asia Pac J Ophthalmol (Phila) 2016; 5:202-11. [PMID: 27183290 DOI: 10.1097/apo.0000000000000193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Each year an estimated 3.3 to 5.7 million pediatric eye injuries occur worldwide. It is widely reported that 90% of ocular injuries are preventable. Our aim was to identify legislation and policies, education, and mandatory eye protection strategies that have successfully contributed to reducing rates of children's eye injuries. A literature search was conducted using the terms "pediatric" or "children" or "adolescent" and "ocular" or "eye" and "protection" or "injury prevention." Articles were retrieved based on titles and abstracts and assessed in the context of our research question. Strategies identified aimed at reducing ocular trauma fell into 3 broad categories: legislation and policies, education, and personal eye protection. Policies including restrictions on the sale and supply of certain consumer products, mandatory vehicle seatbelts, and laminated windscreens in vehicles have assisted in reducing children's eye injuries. Educational tools aimed at children and their caregivers have been effective in changing attitudes to eye health and safety. Effective pediatric eye injury prevention systems require a multifactorial approach combining legislation, policies, standards, education, and personal eye protection to limit exposure to ocular hazards. A paucity of standardized measurement and lack of funding have limited advances in the field of children's eye injury prevention. Improved eye injury surveillance and research funding along with collaboration with health care providers are important components for strategies to prevent pediatric ocular trauma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annette K Hoskin
- From the *Lions Eye Institute, Perth; †Centre for Ophthalmology and Visual Science, University of Western Australia, Crawley; and ‡Princess Margaret Hospital for Children, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
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Hashemi H, Khabazkhoob M, Emamian MH, Shariati M, Mohazzab-Torabi S, Fotouhi A. Past History of Ocular Trauma in an Iranian Population-Based Study: Prevalence and its Associated Factors. Middle East Afr J Ophthalmol 2015; 22:377-82. [PMID: 26180480 PMCID: PMC4502185 DOI: 10.4103/0974-9233.159766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of a history of ocular trauma and its association to age, sex, and biometric components. Materials and Methods: Residents of Shahroud, Iran aged 40–64 years, were sampled through a cross-sectional study using multistage cluster sampling. Three hundred clusters were randomly selected, and 20 individuals were systematically selected from each cluster. The subjects underwent optometric and ophthalmic examinations, and ocular imaging. A history of ocular trauma was determined through personal interviews. Results: The prevalence of a history of trauma and blunt trauma, sharp trauma, and chemical burns were 8.57%, 3.91%, 3.82%, and 1.93%, respectively. After adjusting for age, the rate of all types of trauma was significantly higher for males. Only the prevalence of chemical burns significantly decreased with aging. A history of hospitalization was stated by 1.64% of the subjects. The axial length was significantly longer in cases with a history of trauma. The corneal curvature was significantly larger in cases with a history of sharp trauma and chemical burns. The prevalence of corneal opacities was significantly higher among cases with a history of the blunt trauma odds ratio (OR = 2.33) and sharp trauma (OR = 4.46). Based on corrected visual acuity, the odds of blindness was 3.32 times higher in those with a history of ocular trauma (P < 0.001). Conclusion: A considerable proportion of the 40–64-year-old population reported a history of ocular trauma. This observation has important health implications. Blindness, corneal opacities, and posterior subcapsular cataract were observed more frequently among these cases, and they demonstrated differences in some ocular biometric components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Hashemi
- Noor Ophthalmology Research Center, Noor Eye Hospital, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Mohammad Hassan Emamian
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
| | - Mohammad Shariati
- Department of Community Medicine, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Akbar Fotouhi
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Chaikitmongkol V, Leeungurasatien T, Sengupta S. Work-Related Eye Injuries: Important Occupational Health Problem in Northern Thailand. Asia Pac J Ophthalmol (Phila) 2015; 4:155-60. [PMID: 26065502 DOI: 10.1097/apo.0000000000000046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study was aimed to determine demographics, clinical characteristics, and factors associated with work-related eye injury in Northern Thailand. DESIGN A prospective case series. METHODS Eye injuries from any cause treated at a university-based hospital in Northern Thailand from March 2007 to June 2008 were included. In addition to comprehensive eye examination and standard treatments, patients' occupation, type of activity at the time of injury, alcohol consumption, and eye protection were studied. Eye injuries were classified based on the Birmingham Eye Trauma Terminology System. Demographic and clinical data were documented using a form adapted from the United States Eye Injury Registry. RESULTS Of the 101 eyes (97 patients) with work-related injury, 94% were men with a mean age of 39.5 ± 12.9 years (range, 19-72 years). Ninety-eight percent (95/97 patients) did not use protective eyewear. Open-globe injuries were found in 58/101 (57%) eyes. Agricultural workers experienced a higher number of open-globe injuries (37/58 eyes, 64%), whereas construction workers experienced a higher number of closed-globe injuries (25/43 eyes, 58%). In multivariable logistic regression models, nailing (odds ratio, 97.2; 95% confidence interval, 2.6-363.4; P = 0.01) and motorized grass trimming (odds ratio, 14.3; 95% confidence interval, 1.0-206.2; P = 0.05) were significantly associated with open-globe injuries when compared with closed-globe injuries. Significantly greater numbers of eyes with open-globe injuries had final vision equivalent to legal blindness (visual acuity, <3/60) compared with closed-globe injuries (42% vs 12%, P = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Work-related open-globe injuries are relatively more common among agricultural workers in Northern Thailand. Protective eyewear should be aggressively promoted among workers engaged in nailing and motorized grass trimming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Voraporn Chaikitmongkol
- From the *Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand; and †Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
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Northey LC, Bhardwaj G, Curran S, McGirr J. Eye Trauma Epidemiology in Regional Australia. Ophthalmic Epidemiol 2014; 21:237-46. [DOI: 10.3109/09286586.2014.928825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Gupta N, Tandon R, Gupta SK, Sreenivas V, Vashist P. Burden of corneal blindness in India. Indian J Community Med 2013; 38:198-206. [PMID: 24302819 PMCID: PMC3831688 DOI: 10.4103/0970-0218.120153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2012] [Accepted: 03/03/2012] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Noopur Gupta
- Department of Community Ophthalmology, Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, New Delhi, India
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Increasing compliance with protective eyewear to reduce ocular injuries in stone-quarry workers in Tamil Nadu, India: a pragmatic, cluster randomised trial of a single education session versus an enhanced education package delivered over six months. Injury 2013; 44:118-25. [PMID: 22075447 DOI: 10.1016/j.injury.2011.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2011] [Revised: 08/25/2011] [Accepted: 10/01/2011] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the efficacy of standard education versus enhanced education in increasing compliance with protective eyewear to prevent ocular injuries in stone-quarry workers. DESIGN Pragmatic, allocation concealed, participant and outcome assessor blinded, cluster randomised trial. SETTING Six stone-quarries around Vellore, Tamil Nadu, South India. PARTICIPANTS 204 consenting adult stone quarry workers. INTERVENTIONS Protective eyewear plus enhanced education (one education session, plus 11 sessions of group education, individual discussions, and educational plays over six months) versus protective eyewear plus standard education (one education session and 5 follow up visits). OUTCOMES The primary outcomes were observer-rated compliance with protective eyewear and reduction in incidence of ocular injuries (slit-lamp examination by an observer blinded to allocation status) at three and six months. Analysis was by intention to treat. RESULTS Quarries and participants were similar at enrolment. All quarries; 92/103 (90%) of workers in three quarries given enhanced intervention, and 91/101 workers (89%) in three quarries given standard education, completed six months follow up. Compared to standard education, enhanced education significantly increased compliance with protective eyewear by 16% (95% CI 3-28%) at three months (OR 2.1; 95% CI 1.2-3.8); and by 25% (95% CI 11-35%) at six months (OR 2.7; 95% CI 1.5-4.8). Protective eyewear and enhanced education reduced the incidence of eye injuries at three months by 16% (95% CI 7-24%); and standard education by 13% (95% CI 4-22%), compared to the three months before interventions. The cumulative reduction over baseline in eye injuries at the six months was greater with enhanced education (12% decrease; 95% CI 3-21%) than with standard education (7% decrease; 95% CI 17% decrease to 3% increase). However, this incidence did not differ significantly between intervention arms at three months (OR 0.7% 95% CI 0.3-2.1); and at six months (OR 0.8; 95% CI 0.4-1.5). CONCLUSION Provision of appropriate protective eyewear reduces the incidence of eye injuries in stone-quarry workers. Periodic educational and motivational sessions with individuals and groups facilitates sustained use of protective eyewear.
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Wang JD, Xu L, Wang YX, You QS, Zhang JS, Jonas JB. Prevalence and incidence of ocular trauma in North China: the Beijing Eye Study. Acta Ophthalmol 2012; 90:e61-7. [PMID: 21883988 DOI: 10.1111/j.1755-3768.2011.02230.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To determine the prevalence and incidence of ocular trauma and proportion of trauma-related visual impairment in the population of Greater Beijing. METHODS The population-based Beijing Eye Study included 4439 subjects in 2001, of whom 3251 subjects returned for follow-up examination in 2006 (response rate: 73.3%). The subjects underwent a comprehensive ocular evaluation. Prospective information on ocular trauma and type of treatment was recorded with questionnaires in face-to-face interviews. RESULTS A history of ocular trauma was reported by 72 (1.6 ± 0.2%) subjects (age-standardized prevalence: 1.7 ± 0.01%). Prevalence of ocular trauma history was associated with male gender (p = 0.02), rural residence (p = 0.04) and alcohol consumption (p = 0.01). Trauma as underlying cause for visual impairment (best-corrected visual acuity < 20/60 and ≥ 20/400) was found in 4 (6.6%) eyes and as underlying cause for blindness (best-corrected visual acuity <20/400) in three eyes (4.2%). In the survey of 2006, 116 (3.6 ± 0.3%) participants had a self-reported history of ocular trauma, which was associated with male gender (p = 0.002), low income (p = 0.01) and alcohol consumption (p = 0.016). The 5-year incidence of ocular trauma was 2.6 ± 0.3%, which was associated with male gender (p = 0.02), younger age (p = 0.037) and lower income (p = 0.009). CONCLUSIONS In the adult population of Greater Beijing with an age of 40+ years, the prevalence of ocular trauma was 1.6 ± 0.2% and was associated with male gender, rural residence and alcohol consumption. The age-standardized ocular trauma prevalence of 1.7 ± 0.01% was comparable with figures from Caucasian populations. The 5-year incidence of ocular trauma of 2.6 ± 0.3% was associated with male gender, younger age and lower income.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin D Wang
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Chua D, Wong W, Lamoureux EL, Aung T, Saw SM, Wong TY. The prevalence and risk factors of ocular trauma: the Singapore Indian eye study. Ophthalmic Epidemiol 2012; 18:281-7. [PMID: 22053838 DOI: 10.3109/09286586.2011.628775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To describe the prevalence and risk factors of ocular trauma in an urban Southeast Asian population. METHODS A population-based survey of 3,400 (75.6% response rate) adults of Indian ethnicity aged 40-80 years residing in Singapore was conducted in 2007-2009. An age-stratified (10-year age group) random sampling procedure was performed to select participants. Ocular trauma was defined as any eye injury requiring medical attention and any history of ocular trauma was documented using a standardized and validated questionnaire comprising seven questions. Potential risk factors associated with ocular trauma included age, gender, socioeconomic status, occupation, housing type, alcohol consumption, smoking, diabetes mellitus, hypertension and history of falls. RESULTS Ocular trauma was reported in 5.1% (n = 162; 95% confidence interval [CI] 4.3-6.1%) of the study population, of whom 26.5% (n = 43) required hospitalization. A total of 42.0% (n = 68) of cases resulted from a blunt object, 36.4% (n = 59) from a sharp object, and 15.4% (n = 25) from chemical burns. After adjusting for age and sex, men had a higher prevalence of ocular trauma (7.1% vs. 3.0%, age-adjusted odds ratio [OR] 2.2, 95% CI 1.6-3.1). A history of cigarette smoking was associated with higher likelihood of ocular trauma (OR 1.6, 95% CI 1.1-2.4) but not consumption of alcohol (OR 1.0, 95% CI 0.6-1.6). CONCLUSIONS One in twenty Indian adults in this urban Southeast Asian population had a history of ocular trauma, similar to the prevalence reported in Malays living in Singapore. Men and cigarette smokers were more likely to have incurred ocular trauma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Chua
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore
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Forward H, Hewitt AW, Mackey DA. Missing X and Y: a review of participant ages in population-based eye studies. Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2011; 40:305-19. [PMID: 21668774 DOI: 10.1111/j.1442-9071.2011.02626.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Ophthalmic population-based studies have been used to establish the frequency of eye disease and the associated environmental and genetic factors that cause vision impairment and blindness. Most of these studies have concentrated on the diseases of ageing: cataract, age-related macular degeneration, glaucoma and diabetic retinopathy. Other studies have identified eye diseases in children but few studies of young adult eye disease exist. We conducted a systematic review of the ophthalmic literature to identify potential population-based eye studies and then note the age of participants in the studies. We then summarized the disease specific to young adults to show there is a need for further research to identify eye disease in this important and often-neglected group in the community. Eighty-four large population-based studies have been conducted worldwide: 9 in North America, 2 in South America, 17 in Africa, 35 in Asia, 11 in Australia and the Pacific, 6 in Europe, 4 in the Middle East and 1 that covered 3 continents. No studies specifically examined young adults. Twenty-six per cent of studies included young adults as part of all ages examined but none of these examined a large number of young adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Forward
- Lions Eye Institute, Centre for Ophthalmology and Visual Science, University of Western Australia, 2 Verdun Street, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia
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Han SB, Yang HK, Woo SJ, Hyon JY, Hwang JM. Association of alcohol consumption with the risk of ocular trauma. J Korean Med Sci 2011; 26:675-8. [PMID: 21532860 PMCID: PMC3082121 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2011.26.5.675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2010] [Accepted: 03/07/2011] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was conducted to evaluate the influence of alcohol consumption on the risk of ocular trauma. We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 1,024 patients who visited emergency department and received ophthalmologic examination from January 1 to December 31, 2009. The patients were divided into 2 groups: those with ocular trauma (n = 494) and those without (n = 530); the influence of alcohol consumption was compared between these 2 groups. In the ocular trauma group, the association of the causes and types of ocular trauma with alcohol consumption was evaluated. One of 530 patients of no trauma group and 117 (23.7%) of 494 patients of trauma group were related with alcohol intake, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.001). Concerning the causes, physical assault was significantly more common in alcohol-associated injury (P < 0.001). Regarding the types of injury, orbital wall fracture and hyphema showed a significant association with alcohol consumption (P < 0.001). Older age and nighttime injury were significantly related to the increased risk of alcohol-associated ocular trauma (P = 0.018 and < 0.001, respectively). In conclusion, alcohol consumption significantly increases the risk of ocular trauma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang Beom Han
- Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Hee Kyung Yang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Se Joon Woo
- Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Joon Young Hyon
- Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Jeong-Min Hwang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
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Oluyemi F. Epidemiology of penetrating eye injury in ibadan: a 10-year hospital-based review. Middle East Afr J Ophthalmol 2011; 18:159-63. [PMID: 21731328 PMCID: PMC3119286 DOI: 10.4103/0974-9233.80706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To assess risk factors associated with the occurrence of penetrating ocular injuries among patients presenting to an eye hospital at Ibadan, Nigeria. MATERIALS AND METHODS All cases of penetrating ocular injury presenting over a 10 - year period, were identified by retrospective chart review. All current cases of penetrating ocular injury identified were included. All information was obtained retrospectively from the medical records. RESULTS The cohort consisted of 135 cases. The follow-up was for an average period of 24.6 weeks (range, 12-312 weeks). Injuries were most likely to occur at home, in a domestic setting (58%). The most common mechanism of injury was projectile missiles hitting the eye. The age range for injuries was 9 months to 70 years. Penetrating ocular injury was most frequent in the 20-29 years group (31.9%) followed by the 0-9 years age group (31.1%). Males were more frequently involved than females (ratio 4:1). The final acuity was better than 6/18 in 14.8% and less than 3/60 in 59.3% of cases. CONCLUSIONS Penetrating ocular injury occurs, most frequently, in a domestic setting and mostly as a result of working with sharp objects. Preventive measures are recommended to reduce visual disabilities due to ocular injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fasina Oluyemi
- Department of Ophthalmology, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria
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Chattopadhyay SS, Mukhopadhyay U, Saurabh K. An unusual case of penetrating ocular trauma with a pressure cooker. Oman J Ophthalmol 2011; 3:89-90. [PMID: 21217903 PMCID: PMC3003858 DOI: 10.4103/0974-620x.64234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Ocular trauma is a major cause of vision loss. The circumstances and agents implicated in such injuries are diverse. We present an unusual case of penetrating ocular trauma with the nozzle of a pressure cooker lid in a 32-year-old housewife causing deep laceration of the upper eye lid and sclera. The impacted metallic nozzle was removed on an emergency basis. Autoevisceration of ocular contents due the high velocity impact resulted in the final decision to surgically complete the evisceration and implant a glass ball implant. This case highlights the propensity of grievous ocular trauma in a domestic environment.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Ocular injury is a preventable cause of blindness, yet it remains a significant disabling health problem that affects all age groups. Injuries may occur in the home, in the workplace, during recreational activities or as a result of road crashes. Types of injuries vary from closed globe (contusion or lamellar laceration) to an open globe injury, which includes penetration and even perforation of the globe. To date, the main strategy to prevent these injuries has been to educate people to identify high-risk situations and to take correct action to avoid danger. OBJECTIVES To assess the evidence for the effectiveness of educational interventions for the prevention of eye injuries. SEARCH STRATEGY We searched the Cochrane Injuries and the Cochrane Eyes & Vision Group Specialised Registers, CENTRAL (The Cochrane Library 2008, Issue 3), MEDLINE, EMBASE, Current Controlled Trials metaRegister (now includes National Research Register), AgeInfo, HMIC Health Management Information Consortium, WHOLIS (World Health Organization Library Information System), LILACS (Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences), MEDCARIB (Caribbean Health Sciences Literature), ISI Web of Science: (Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED), Social Sciences Citation Index (SSCI) Conference Proceedings Citation Index-Science (CPCI-S)), ERIC, ZETOC and SPORTdiscus. We also checked reference lists of relevant papers and contacted study authors in an effort to identify published, unpublished and ongoing trials. Searches were last updated in August 2008. SELECTION CRITERIA We included any randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and controlled before-and-after studies which evaluated any educational intervention aimed at preventing eye injuries. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS Four authors independently screened the electronic search results and data extracted. Three authors entered data into RevMan 5. As we judged there to be substantial heterogeneity between participants and interventions, we did not pool the studies' results, but have reviewed the results narratively. MAIN RESULTS We included two RCTs and three controlled before-and-after studies in this review. One study reported eye injuries as an outcome and four studies reported change in behaviour or knowledge. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS The included studies do not provide reliable evidence that educational interventions are effective in preventing eye injuries. There is a need for well-conducted RCTs with adequate allocation concealment and masking (blinding). Studies should have a longer follow-up time and more studies need to be conducted in low and middle-income countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anupa Shah
- London School of Health & Tropical MedicineCochrane Eyes and Vision Group, ICEHKeppel StreetLondonUKWC1E 7HT
| | - Karen Blackhall
- London School of Hygiene & Tropical MedicineCochrane Injuries GroupKeppel StreetLondonUKWC1E 7HT
| | - Katharine Ker
- London School of Hygiene & Tropical MedicineCochrane Injuries GroupKeppel StreetLondonUKWC1E 7HT
| | - Daksha Patel
- London School of Hygiene & Tropical MedicineInternational Centre for Eye HealthKeppel StreetLondonUKWC1E 7HT
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Li Z, Cui H, Zhang L, Liu P, Bai J. Prevalence of and Associated Factors for Corneal Blindness in a Rural Adult Population (The Southern Harbin Eye Study). Curr Eye Res 2009; 34:646-51. [DOI: 10.1080/02713680903007139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Loon SC, Tay WT, Saw SM, Wang JJ, Wong TY. Prevalence and risk factors of ocular trauma in an urban south-east Asian population: the Singapore Malay Eye Study. Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2009; 37:362-7. [PMID: 19594562 DOI: 10.1111/j.1442-9071.2009.02035.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To describe the prevalence and risk factors of ocular trauma in an urban Asian population. METHODS A population-based survey of 3280 (78.7% response rate) Malay people aged 40-80 years residing in Singapore was conducted in 2004-2006. Interviewer-administered questionnaire was used to ascertain a history of ocular trauma, defined as any eye injury requiring medical attention from a doctor. RESULTS Of the 3264 participants, 149 (5.0%, 95% confidence intervals [CI] 4.1-6.0%) reported a history of ocular trauma. Of those, 30.2% had trauma from a blunt object, 33.6% from a sharp object, and 22.1% from chemical burns. After adjusting for age and sex, men had a higher prevalence of ocular trauma than women (8.3% vs. 2.1%, age-adjusted odds ratio [OR] 4.7, CI 3.1-7.1), and younger persons had a higher risk of ocular trauma (per year increase in age, OR 0.98, CI 0.96-0.99). Consumption of alcohol was associated with higher likelihood of having ocular injury (OR 4.3, CI 2.2-8.4). CONCLUSIONS One in 20 persons in this urban south-east Asian population had a history of ocular trauma. Younger persons, men and consumption of alcohol were risk factors for ocular trauma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seng C Loon
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
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