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Trusson D, Rowley E, Bramley L. Clinical academics' experiences during the COVID-19 pandemic: a qualitative study of challenges and opportunities when working at the clinical frontline. BMJ LEADER 2023; 7:266-272. [PMID: 37192094 DOI: 10.1136/leader-2020-000414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study explored the experiences of clinical academics during the COVID-19 pandemic. The aim was to identify challenges and benefits associated with returning to, or increasing hours at, the clinical frontline. DESIGN Qualitative data were gathered from a combination of written responses to questions posed in an email and 10 semi-structured interviews between May and September 2020. SETTING Two higher education institutions and three NHS Trusts in the East Midlands of England. PARTICIPANTS Written responses were received from 34 clinical academics including doctors, nurses, midwives and allied health professionals. A further 10 participants were interviewed either by telephone or online, via Microsoft Teams. RESULTS Participants described challenges experienced in returning full-time to the clinical frontline. These included having to refresh or learn new skills and the pressure of managing the competing priorities of NHS and higher education institutions. Benefits of being on the frontline included having the confidence and flexibility to deal with an evolving situation. Also, the ability to quickly assess and communicate the latest research and guidance to colleagues and patients. In addition, participants reported identifying areas for research during this time. CONCLUSION Clinical academics can contribute their knowledge and skills to frontline patient care in times of pandemic. It is therefore important to ease that process in preparation for potential future pandemics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diane Trusson
- NIHR Applied Research Collaboration for East Midlands (ARC EM), School of Medicine, University of Nottingham Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Nottingham, UK
| | - Emma Rowley
- NIHR Applied Research Collaboration for East Midlands (ARC EM), School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Louise Bramley
- Institute of Nursing and Midwifery Care Excellence, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK
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2
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Kakkilaya A, Hooda K, Kalva P, Dasara H, Janssen C, Vasireddy S, Ahmed A, Khan S, Kooner K. The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on early termination of ophthalmology clinical trials: A cross-sectional analysis of ClinicalTrials.gov. SAGE Open Med 2023; 11:20503121231216592. [PMID: 38078203 PMCID: PMC10710109 DOI: 10.1177/20503121231216592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective To study the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on the early termination of ophthalmology clinical trials. Methods On June 10, 2022, we searched ClinicalTrials.gov and identified clinical trials pertaining to eye diseases. We included trials last updated between January 1, 2020 and June 8, 2022, as ones possibly impacted by the pandemic. We selected all interventional trials in any stage and country that were "recruiting," "active, not recruiting," "enrolling by invitation," "suspended," "terminated," "completed," or "withdrawn" and excluded trials that had been completed or discontinued before 2020, had incomplete data, trials in which the eye was not the primary focus of the trial (e.g., Chediak-Higashi syndrome, myasthenia gravis). The following trial-level characteristics were collected: location, trial status, enrollment count, ocular condition, sponsors, intervention purpose, trial phase (I-IV), randomization, number of arms, and reasons for discontinuation. In addition to calculating descriptive statistics, we assessed whether trial characteristics differed between ophthalmology clinical trials canceled due to COVID-19 and those canceled for other reasons. Results Following the screening, 2280/12,679 (18%) ophthalmology clinical trials were retained. Of these, 142 (6.2%) were discontinued between January 1, 2020 and June 8, 2022. Moreover, 34 out of 142 (23.9%) ophthalmology clinical trials were discontinued due to COVID-19. These trials were more likely to be sponsored by academic medical centers (26/34, 76.5% vs 57/108, 52.8%, p = 0.03) and were not assigned to a specific study phase, indicating they were not investigational new drugs (22/34, 64.7% vs 46/108 42.6%, p = 0.003). Conclusions COVID-19-related trial discontinuations were more likely to be reported by academic medical centers and associated with trials investigating fully approved drugs, medical devices, procedures, diagnostic imaging, and behavioral changes. Further investigation of these characteristics may lead to a more robust and resilient understanding of the causes of early termination of these clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Karan Hooda
- Texas A&M University School of Medicine, Bryan, TX, USA
| | - Praneeth Kalva
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | | | | | - Satvik Vasireddy
- Touro University Nevada College of Osteopathic Medicine, Henderson, NV, USA
| | - Arbab Ahmed
- Texas A&M University School of Medicine, Bryan, TX, USA
| | - Salman Khan
- Texas A&M University School of Medicine, Bryan, TX, USA
| | - Karanjit Kooner
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, Veteran Affairs North Texas Health Care Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
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Kadiani A, Shah H, Thotam A. Negative and positive impacts on lives of resident doctors working in a dedicated COVID-19 hospital in Mumbai: A mixed-methods study. Ind Psychiatry J 2023; 32:S213-S219. [PMID: 38370922 PMCID: PMC10871390 DOI: 10.4103/ipj.ipj_193_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has resulted in inducting trainee resident doctors (RDs) in the care of COVID-19 patients. Limited research has been conducted to understand the impact of domains other than physical and emotional health on their lives. The focus has been to understand the negative consequences of COVID-19 duties, disregarding the possibility of any positive impact that could have emerged. Aim This mixed-methods study (qualitative and quantitative) aims to explore the holistic and comprehensive impacts of COVID-19 duties on RD's lives. Materials and Methods This is a mixed-methods convergent design study conducted in a 1400-bed multispecialty teaching hospital in a metropolitan city in India. A phenomenological approach was used for the qualitative part of the study, and the data were collected using focus group discussions (FGDs). For quantitative purposes, the World Health Organization Quality of Life Brief Version (WHOQOL-BREF) questionnaire was administered. Results Qualitative findings show themes of negative impact covering domains of physical, emotional, social, and professional life. Themes that reveal a positive impact have emerged in the social, professional, and personal domains of the RDs' lives. Quantitative and qualitative results were in agreement with all the questions covered in the WHOQOL-BREF scale; however, the qualitative data findings extend far beyond. Conclusion In the course of the COVID-19 duties, the RD has suffered in multiple domains, yet it has allowed them to self-reflect and change. As a consequence, they have grown as individuals in many areas of their lives. Working in COVID-19 wards has had a holistic impact on the RDs and has transformed them into better doctors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adnan Kadiani
- Department of Psychiatry, TNMC B Y L Nair Hospital, Dr A L Nair Road, Near Mumbai Central, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Henal Shah
- Department of Psychiatry, TNMC B Y L Nair Hospital, Dr A L Nair Road, Near Mumbai Central, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Ankita Thotam
- Department of Psychiatry, TNMC B Y L Nair Hospital, Dr A L Nair Road, Near Mumbai Central, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
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Shoaib MH, Sikandar M, Yousuf RI, Parkash M, Kazmi SJH, Ahmed FR, Ahmed K, Saleem MT, Zaidi SH. Graduate and postgraduate educational challenges during the COVID-19 pandemic period: its impact and innovations-a scoping review. Syst Rev 2023; 12:195. [PMID: 37833820 PMCID: PMC10571448 DOI: 10.1186/s13643-023-02359-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has transformed the global view of education, including graduate and postgraduate education making the development of an alternative approach in times of social isolation an academic imperative. The present review aims to investigate the challenges experienced among undergraduate and postgraduate education and the strategies adopted to address these challenges during the pandemic. METHOD The preferred reporting items for the systematic review and meta-analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) were followed. The aim was to include journal articles published in the English language that discussed the influence of the pandemic on educational processes and applied innovative approaches as a solution to educational challenges. From January to August 2020, PubMed, EMBASE, and Google Scholar were searched for articles, yielding 10,019 articles. Two groups of authors examined the retrieved articles separately to avoid any risk of bias. The title and abstract of the articles were used for scrutiny, followed by full-text screening based on the established inclusion and exclusion criteria. The facts and findings of the studies were also discussed based on per capita income, literacy rate, and Internet accessibility. RESULTS Thirty of the obtained articles were included in the study. The selected articles were from North and South/Latin America, Asia & Pacific, South Africa, and Europe regions. Nineteen of the selected articles dealt with undergraduate education, ten with postgraduate, and one with both groups. The affordability of digital devices and the availability of Internet services were the major challenges for low- and middle-income economies. The ZOOM platform has been adopted by more than 90% of the education systems. CONCLUSION Means of communication, including visual media, digitized content, and other web-based platforms, have been recognized as efficient learning and training tools, but have not been fully accessible for mass application and use due to the lack of availability of resources, their cost, and insufficient training among the users. In light of this review, it is suggested that harmonized and collaborative efforts should be made to develop cost-effective and user-friendly tools to overcome the current challenges and prevent future educational crises. SYSTEMIC REVIEW REGISTRATION The review was not registered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Harris Shoaib
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan.
| | - Muhammad Sikandar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan
| | - Rabia Ismail Yousuf
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan
| | - Monica Parkash
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan
| | - Syed Jamil Hassan Kazmi
- Department of Geography, Faculty of Science, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan
| | - Farrukh Rafiq Ahmed
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan
| | - Kamran Ahmed
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Talha Saleem
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan
| | - Syeda Hina Zaidi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan
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Ping X, Pye D. A proposed methodology for conducting a remote rigid gas permeable contact lens consultation. Cont Lens Anterior Eye 2023; 46:101893. [PMID: 37482438 DOI: 10.1016/j.clae.2023.101893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE COVID-19 spread to numerous countries, overwhelming healthcare systems and economies worldwide. COVID-19 restrictions have prevented patients from attending consultations in person and led to the further development of telemedicine to provide health care. The situation also applies to contact lens (CL) practitioners and their patients; telemedicine enables practitioners to provide patients with regular and continuing care. This study aimed to investigate available tools to enable continuing care for rigid gas permeable (RGP) CL wearers who are unable to attend face-to-face consultations. METHODS The study consists of three components. Firstly, an approach to enable the assessment of a patient's CL fitting and cornea remotely. Secondly, to find an affordable and reliable method to obtain a patient's visual acuity (VA), and thirdly, to develop a questionnaire to provide practitioners with information to deliver optimal patient care. RESULTS The use of a macro lens, smartphone, and auxiliary materials enables high-quality images of the anterior eye and RGP CL to be obtained. Two free and validated smartphone applications (apps) for VA measurements were identified which are available on Android and iOS systems. Two questionnaires were also developed to enable practitioners to obtain additional patient information to facilitate optimal patient care. CONCLUSION This study has developed the components of a remote CL consultation to enable patients who cannot attend scheduled appointments to receive care and advice to ensure the safety of their RGP CL wear. The tools involved in this study are low-cost, affordable, and an adjunct, not a substitute, for face-to-face consultations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaona Ping
- School of Optometry & Vision Science, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - David Pye
- School of Optometry & Vision Science, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
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6
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Salvetat ML, Musa M, Pellegrini F, Salati C, Spadea L, Zeppieri M. Considerations of COVID-19 in Ophthalmology. Microorganisms 2023; 11:2220. [PMID: 37764064 PMCID: PMC10538084 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11092220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Since its emergence in early 2020, the SARS-CoV-2 infection has had a significant impact on the entire eye care system. Ophthalmologists have been categorized as a high-risk group for contracting the virus due to the belief that the eye may be a site of inoculation and transmission of the SARS-CoV-2 infection. As a result, clinical ophthalmologists, optometrists, and eyecare professionals have had to familiarize themselves with the ocular manifestations of COVID-19, as well as its treatments and vaccines. The implementation of measures to prevent the transmission of the virus, such as restrictions, lockdowns, telemedicine, and artificial intelligence (AI), have led to substantial and potentially irreversible changes in routine clinical practice, education, and research. This has resulted in the emergence of a new mode of managing patients in a routine clinical setting. This brief review aims to provide an overview of various aspects of COVID-19 in ophthalmology, including the ocular manifestations related to the disease, the modes of transmission of SARS-CoV-2 infection, precautions taken in ophthalmic practice to prevent the spread of the virus, drugs, and vaccines used in the treatment of COVID-19, the impact of the pandemic on patients, clinicians, and the eye care system as a whole, and the future of ophthalmology conditioned by this global pandemic experience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Letizia Salvetat
- Department of Ophthalmology, Azienda Sanitaria Friuli Occidentale, 33170 Pordenone, Italy
| | - Mutali Musa
- Department of Optometry, University of Benin, Benin City 300238, Edo State, Nigeria
| | - Francesco Pellegrini
- Department of Ophthalmology, Azienda Sanitaria Friuli Occidentale, 33170 Pordenone, Italy
| | - Carlo Salati
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy
| | - Leopoldo Spadea
- Eye Clinic, Policlinico Umberto I, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00142 Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Zeppieri
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy
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7
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Ní Gabhann-Dromgoole J, Murphy CC, Boland F, Doyle AJ, Pawlikowska T. How has medical student learning changed with the pivot to online delivery of ophthalmology in the pandemic? PLoS One 2023; 18:e0282829. [PMID: 36996136 PMCID: PMC10062639 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0282829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to measure stakeholder satisfaction with our usual delivery format, which previously relied on a blend of didactic lectures and clinical skills sessions compared to a revised format, which had more emphasis on online learning. We hypothesised that the online flipped classroom (OFC) would facilitate delivery of content in the wake of the pandemic, and result in improved levels of student satisfaction and knowledge gain. DESIGN Non randomised intervention study. Group 1 = Traditional delivery (TD) and Group 2 = OFC group. METHODS A validated course evaluation questionnaire (CEQ) compared perspectives of teaching faculty (n = 5) and students with the traditional delivery (TD) of the 4th year ophthalmology clinical attachment and an OFC approach (TD n = 129 v OFC n = 114). RESULTS The OFC group (n = 114; response rate = 24.6%) reported significantly reduced satisfaction with staff motivation of students and provision of feedback, compared to TD (n = 129; response rate = 17.8%). OFC students also felt it was harder to determine what standard of work was expected and found the course less beneficial at helping develop problem-solving skills. Students were dissatisfied with the level of choice afforded by the OFC, specifically how they would learn and assessment options. No significant difference in exam score was observed between the TD and OFC groups. For faculty (n = 5), there was no evidence of a difference between OFC and TD. CONCLUSIONS Students indicated a preference for the TD compared to the OFC approach. However, both delivery approaches led to comparable student performances as determined by MCQ examination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joan Ní Gabhann-Dromgoole
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, RCSI, University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
- Dept of Ophthalmology, Royal Victoria Eye and Ear Hospital (RVEEH), RCSI, University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Conor C. Murphy
- Dept of Ophthalmology, Royal Victoria Eye and Ear Hospital (RVEEH), RCSI, University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Fiona Boland
- Data Science Centre, RCSI, University of Medicine and Health Sciences, New York City, New York, United States of America
| | - Andrea J. Doyle
- SIM Centre for Simulation Education and Research, RCSI, University of Medicine and Health Sciences, New York City, New York, United States of America
| | - Teresa Pawlikowska
- Health Professions Education Centre (HPEC), RCSI, University of Medicine and Health Sciences, New York City, New York, United States of America
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McNabb R, Ortiz P, Roh KM, Song A, Draelos M, Schuman S, Jaffe G, Lad E, Izatt J, Kuo A. Contactless, autonomous robotic alignment of optical coherence tomography for in vivo evaluation of diseased retinas. RESEARCH SQUARE 2023:rs.3.rs-2371365. [PMID: 36711930 PMCID: PMC9882601 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-2371365/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
During the COVID-19 pandemic, an emphasis was placed on contactless, physical distancing and improved telehealth; contrariwise, standard-of-care ophthalmic imaging of patients required present, trained personnel. Here, we introduce contactless, autonomous robotic alignment of optical coherence tomography (RAOCT) for in vivo imaging of retinal disease and compare measured retinal thickness and diagnostic readability to technician operated clinical OCT. In a powered study, we found no statistically significant difference in retinal thickness in both healthy and diseased retinas (p > 0.7) or across a variety of demographics (gender, race, and age) between RAOCT and clinical OCT. In a secondary study, a retina specialist labeled a given volume as normal/abnormal. Compared to the clinical diagnostic label, sensitivity/specificity for RAOCT were equal or improved over clinical OCT. Contactless, autonomous RAOCT, that improves upon current clinical OCT, could play a role in both ophthalmic care and non-ophthalmic settings that would benefit from improved eye care.
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Finn AP, Law JC, Sternberg P, Patel SN. Striking a Balance: The Role of Virtual Learning in Ophthalmic Education. JOURNAL OF ACADEMIC OPHTHALMOLOGY (2017) 2023; 15:e73-e74. [PMID: 38737157 PMCID: PMC10804739 DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1764462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Avni P. Finn
- Department of Ophthalmology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Janice C. Law
- Department of Ophthalmology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Paul Sternberg
- Department of Ophthalmology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Shriji N. Patel
- Department of Ophthalmology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
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10
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Bou Zerdan M, Bouferraa Y, Bou Zerdan M, Al Barathie J, Khoury R. Insights of Medical Students and Graduates Toward Electronic Learning During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Lebanon: A National Cross-Sectional Study. JOURNAL OF MEDICAL EDUCATION AND CURRICULAR DEVELOPMENT 2023; 10:23821205231209106. [PMID: 37868043 PMCID: PMC10588408 DOI: 10.1177/23821205231209106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study examines the perceptions of Lebanese medical students and graduates regarding the switch to electronic learning (e-learning) and measures their psychological distress amid the COVID-19 pandemic, compounded by an unprecedented financial collapse and the August 4 Beirut blast. METHODS This is a national cross-sectional descriptive study, consisting of a 48-item questionnaire, diffused online to Lebanese medical students between February 8 and 21, 2021. The survey divided into 5 sections assesses for (1) Sociodemographic information, (2) implemented changes in medical education delivery precipitated by the pandemic, (3) students' perceptions regarding the effectiveness, advantages, and barriers of e-learning, and (4) role of e-learning in clinical training. Finally, students' psychological distress was measured, using the Kessler 10-item distress scale (K10). Descriptive analyses were performed using Stata version 13 and Excel. RESULTS 1060 responses were recorded (27% response rate) across all Lebanese medical schools. Although 71.6% of participants found e-learning to be stimulating, half of the participants thought it was not equally effective to face-to-face learning. Around 73.1% of students felt they were not able to learn hands-on clinical skills. Lebanese students identified cost savings (food, transportation etc) and poor internet connectivity are the most common advantage and barrier, respectively; 77.8% of participants showed high/very high levels of distress (K10 score ≥22). CONCLUSIONS Ensuring accessibility and availability of resources such as electricity and internet is of utmost priority. Lebanese medical schools need to incorporate clinical training experiences to their virtual platforms to maintain the quality of medical education to their students. A particular attention to students' mental health is warranted, by increasing awareness and access to mental health services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maroun Bou Zerdan
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Maroone Cancer Center, Cleveland Clinic Florida, Weston, FL, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, USA
| | - Youssef Bouferraa
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Morgan Bou Zerdan
- Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Josleen Al Barathie
- Institute for Development Research Advocacy and Applied Care (IDRAAC), Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Rita Khoury
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine & the Medical Center, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
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11
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Aiello F, Gallo Afflitto G, Pocobelli G, Ponzin D, Nucci C. Effect of Covid-19 on Eye Banks and Corneal Transplantations: Current Perspectives. Clin Ophthalmol 2022; 16:4345-4354. [PMID: 36606249 PMCID: PMC9809163 DOI: 10.2147/opth.s379849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic exerted a great impact on medical practice, which was reframed according to the actual needs. Ophthalmological services and procedures including corneal transplantation did not represent an exception. The adoption and implementation of new standard operating procedures as well as of new technologies for remote consultation and smart-working reshaped daily activities of both eye bankers, physicians, researchers, and patients. Regulatory restrictions were issued redefining corneal donor eligibility criteria, as well as handling and harvesting procedures of donor ocular tissues. Surgical schedules underwent an abrupt contraction with prioritization of urgent procedures. Local lockdowns and confinement strategies resulted in both a reduction and redirection of research activities. The evaluation of SARS-CoV-2 colonization of ocular tissues, long-term corneal storage techniques, new disinfection strategies, split corneal transplants and cell-based therapies for the treatment of corneal disease peaked in the pipeline. Aim of this article is to summarizes the overall impact of the pandemic on the corneal transplantation machinery, and the current and future perspectives for the corneal transplant community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Aiello
- Ophthalmology Unit, Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Rome, Italy,Correspondence: Francesco Aiello, Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Via Montpellier 1, Rome, 00133, Italy, Email
| | - Gabriele Gallo Afflitto
- Ophthalmology Unit, Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Rome, Italy,Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Giulio Pocobelli
- Ophthalmology Unit, Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Rome, Italy
| | - Diego Ponzin
- Fondazione Banca degli Occhi del Veneto, Venice, Italy
| | - Carlo Nucci
- Ophthalmology Unit, Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Rome, Italy
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12
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Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Anti-Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Therapy for Diabetic Macular Edema in Japan. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11226794. [PMID: 36431271 PMCID: PMC9696996 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11226794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) therapy for diabetic macular edema (DME) improves visual acuity. However, repeated injections during routine outpatient visits are required to maintain this effect. The recent sudden global outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) had a major impact on daily life, including medical care, such as the provision of VEGF therapy. We retrospectively investigated the relationship between the number of anti-VEGF injections for DME and the number of new COVID-19-positive patients at 23 centers in Japan. We also surveyed ophthalmologists regarding the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on anti-VEGF therapy. In the third and fourth waves of the pandemic, when the number of infected patients increased, the number of injections significantly decreased. In the first, third, and fourth waves, the number of injections increased significantly during the last month of each wave. Approximately 60.9% of ophthalmologists reported that the number of injections decreased after the pandemic. Of the facilities, 52.2% extended the clinic visit intervals; however, there was no significant difference in the actual number of injections given between before and after the pandemic. Although the number of injections temporarily decreased, Japanese ophthalmologists maintained the total annual number of anti-VEGF injections for DME during the pandemic.
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Al-kahtani MS, Khan F, Taekeun W. Application of Internet of Things and Sensors in Healthcare. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 22:s22155738. [PMID: 35957294 PMCID: PMC9371210 DOI: 10.3390/s22155738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
The Internet of Things (IoT) is an innovative technology with billions of sensors in various IoT applications. Important elements used in the IoT are sensors that collect data for desired analyses. The IoT and sensors are very important in smart cities, smart agriculture, smart education, healthcare systems, and other applications. The healthcare system uses the IoT to meet global health challenges, and the newest example is COVID-19. Demand has increased during COVID-19 for healthcare to reach patients remotely and digitally at their homes. The IoT properly monitors patients using an interconnected network to overcome the issues of healthcare services. The aim of this paper is to discuss different applications, technologies, and challenges related to the healthcare system. Different databases were searched using keywords in Google Scholar, Elsevier, PubMed, ACM, ResearchGate, Scopus, Springer, etc. This paper discusses, highlights, and identifies the applications of IoT healthcare systems to provide research directions to healthcare, academia, and researchers to overcome healthcare system challenges. Hence, the IoT can be beneficial by providing better treatments using the healthcare system efficiently. In this paper, the integration of the IoT with smart technologies not only improves computation, but will also allow the IoT to be pervasive, profitable, and available anytime and anywhere. Finally, some future directions and challenges are discussed, along with useful suggestions that can assist the IoT healthcare system during COVID-19 and in a severe pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad S. Al-kahtani
- Department of Computer Engineering, Prince Sattam Bin Abdul Aziz University, Al-Kharj 16273, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Faheem Khan
- Department of Computer Engineering, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Korea
- Correspondence: (F.K.); (W.T.)
| | - Whangbo Taekeun
- Department of Computer Engineering, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Korea
- Correspondence: (F.K.); (W.T.)
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Alghamdi NS, Alghamdi SM. The Role of Digital Technology in Curbing COVID-19. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19148287. [PMID: 35886139 PMCID: PMC9320375 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19148287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Introduction: Using digital technology to provide support, medical consultations, healthcare services, and to track the spread of the coronavirus has been identified as an important solution to curb the transmission of the virus. This research paper aims to (1) summarize the digital technologies used during the COVID-19 pandemic to mitigate the transmission of the COVID-19; (2) establish the extent to which digital technology applications have facilitated mitigation of the spread of COVID-19; and (3) explore the facilitators and barriers that impact the usability of digital technologies throughout the pandemic. Methods: A rapid electronic search following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines was conducted of available records up to June 2022 on the medical databases PubMed, Ovid, Embase, CINHAIL, the Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. Results: An increasing number and variety of digital health applications have been available throughout the pandemic, such as telehealth, smartphone mobile health apps, machine learning, and artificial intelligence. Each technology has played a particular role in curbing COVID-19 transmission. Different users have gained benefits from using digital technology during the COVID-19 pandemic and different determinants have contributed to accelerating the wheel of digital technology implementation during the pandemic. Conclusion: Digital health during the COVID-19 pandemic has evolved very rapidly, with different applications and roles aimed at curbing the pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Saeed M. Alghamdi
- National Heart and Lung Institution, Imperial College London, London SW3 6LY, UK
- Respiratory Care Program, Clinical Technology Department, College of Applied Medical Science, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 24382, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence:
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15
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A Systematic Literature Review and Bibliometric Analysis of Ophthalmology and COVID-19 Research. J Ophthalmol 2022; 2022:8195228. [PMID: 35646394 PMCID: PMC9133895 DOI: 10.1155/2022/8195228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
This review is proposed to summarize the updates on COVID-19 and ophthalmology along with the bibliometric features of articles that have been published since the beginning of the COVID-19 outbreak. The databases, including PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science, were searched using "Coronavirus," "COVID-19," "SARS-CoV-2," "pandemic," "ophthalmology," "ophthalmic," and "eye" keywords. All published articles except commentaries, errata, and corrigenda up to April 2021 were included. Titles and abstracts were screened, and ophthalmology-focused articles were collected. The bibliographic information of the articles, such as the name and country of the first author, type of study, date of publication, language, and journal name, were extracted. Included studies were assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) critical appraisal checklist. After systematic searching, 2,669 distinct articles were screened by title/abstract, and 1,174 ophthalmology-focused articles were selected to be reviewed. Ophthalmology-focused publications accounted for less than 0.5 percent of the total COVID-19-related articles. Most of the articles were published in the Indian Journal of Ophthalmology, and the main publication type was "original article." Almost 88% of the publications were in English. There was a decline in the publication rate during the initial months of 2021 compared with the middle and last months of 2020. Most of the publications were affiliated with the United States of America. However, Singapore and the United Kingdom were the countries with the highest number of publications after population adjustment. Furthermore, a comprehensive review on major topics including SARS-CoV-2 ocular tropism, ophthalmic manifestations, ocular complications due to COVID-19 treatment strategies, the pandemic effect on ophthalmology care and operations, myopia progression during the pandemic, and telemedicine was conducted.
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Ferrara M, Romano V, Iovino C, Kadhim MR, van Dijk EHC, Boon CJF, Grassi P, Demirel S, Cartes C, Romano MR. Tips to optimize digital education in ophthalmology: Results from ESASO survey. Eur J Ophthalmol 2022; 33:11206721221093187. [PMID: 35414278 PMCID: PMC9999274 DOI: 10.1177/11206721221093187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To identify audience and faculty preferences to optimize digital education sessions in ophthalmology. METHODS We distributed an online survey to ophthalmology trainees and specialists worldwide. The survey investigated respondents' preferences on various findings of hypothetical digital educational sessions. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Fisher's exact probability and ANOVA tests. RESULTS The survey was completed by 655 respondents, from 53 different countries. According to most respondents, the optimal duration and timeframe for a valuable digital education session would be 30-60 min, without a break (52%), in the evening time-slot (6-8 p.m.) (45%) of a weekday (Monday-Thursday) (46%), regardless of age (p-value = 0.84, 0.39, 0.89, respectively) and job position (p-value = 0.31, 0.29, 0.08, respectively). The availability of webinars and recorded surgical videos/clinical cases, associated with live discussion, represented the most important opportunity of digital educational channels for 46% and 42% of respondents, respectively. CONCLUSION Appropriate planning of timing and structure of digital educational ophthalmology sessions may optimize their effectiveness. Using multiple e-learning formats may be helpful to ensure the continuity of learning activities, also in view of a long-term replacement of traditional in-person education.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Vito Romano
- Department of Corneal and External Eye Diseases, St Paul's Eye Unit, Royal Liverpool University Hospital, Liverpool, UK
- Department of Eye and Vision Science, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Claudio Iovino
- Eye Clinic, Multidisciplinary Department of Medical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Mustafa R Kadhim
- Newcastle Eye Centre, Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Elon HC van Dijk
- Department of Ophthalmology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Camiel JF Boon
- Department of Ophthalmology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
- Department of Ophthalmology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | - Sibel Demirel
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ankara University School of Medicine, Mamak Street Vehbi Koç Eye Hospital, Dikimevi, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Cristian Cartes
- Unidad oftalmologia, departamento especialidades, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la Frontera, Temuco, Chile
| | - Mario R Romano
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele - Milano, Italy
- Department of Ophthalmology, Humanitas Gavazzeni-Castelli, Bergamo, Italy
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17
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Jiang B, Gao L, Dong S, Hou Q, Sun M, Zhang J, Yu H, Zhang Z, Sun D. The Influence of COVID-19 on the Stability of Patients with Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration with Different Treatment Regimens. Adv Ther 2022; 39:1568-1581. [PMID: 34817809 PMCID: PMC8611250 DOI: 10.1007/s12325-021-01993-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Introduction To explore the impact of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) on the stability of patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) receiving the treat and extend (T&E) or the pro re nata (PRN) treatment regimen and to identify indicators that may predict the disease stability of nAMD. Methods This is a retrospective study of patients with nAMD treated at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University whose treatment schedule was interrupted at least once between 1 February and 31 May 2020. The demographic and clinical characteristics, including the best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), optical coherence tomography (OCT) features, subfoveal choroidal thickness (SFCT), interval between the last injection and the beginning of the pandemic, and the number of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) injections, were analyzed. Results A total of 209 stable patients with nAMD (122 eyes received the T&E regimen; 87 eyes received the PRN regimen) were identified. Compared to those who received the PRN regimen, the patients who received the T&E regimen were more stable during the first visit after COVID-19 (53.3% vs. 33.3%, P = 0.004), the BCVA was significantly better (58.5 letters vs. 56 letters, P = 0.006), and the CRT fluctuated only slightly (15 μm vs. 35 μm, P = 0.001). Furthermore, a multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that stable patients with nAMD with type 1 choroidal neovascularization (CNV) (OR 2.493 [95% CI 1.179–5.272], compared with type 2 CNV; P = 0.017; OR 2.912 [95% CI 1.133–7.485], compared with retinal angiomatous proliferation; P = 0.026) or with pigment epithelial detachment (PED) were more likely to remain stable when treatment was interrupted (OR 0.392 [95% CI 0.181–0.852], compared with no PED; P = 0.018). Conclusion Compared to patients who received the PRN treatment regimen, stable patients with nAMD who received the T&E treatment regimen could better maintain stability when the treatments were suddenly interrupted by the COVID-19 pandemic. In addition, patients with type 1 CNV or patients with PED were more likely to remain stable. At present, the COVID-19 pandemic is becoming increasingly normalized, and the T&E regimen can become a more advanced treatment option for patients undergoing therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Jiang
- Ophthalmology Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 246 Xuefu Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Lin Gao
- Ophthalmology Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 246 Xuefu Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Su Dong
- Ophthalmology Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 246 Xuefu Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Qingxue Hou
- Ophthalmology Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 246 Xuefu Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Minghao Sun
- Ophthalmology Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 246 Xuefu Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Jingjie Zhang
- Ophthalmology Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 246 Xuefu Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Haotian Yu
- Ophthalmology Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 246 Xuefu Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Zhongyu Zhang
- Ophthalmology Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 246 Xuefu Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Dawei Sun
- Ophthalmology Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 246 Xuefu Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang, China.
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18
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Vongsachang H, Fliotsos MJ, Lorch AC, Singman EL, Woreta FA, Justin GA. The impact of COVID-19 on ophthalmology resident surgical experience: a retrospective cross-sectional analysis. BMC MEDICAL EDUCATION 2022; 22:142. [PMID: 35246112 PMCID: PMC8894550 DOI: 10.1186/s12909-022-03205-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused significant disruption to in-office and surgical procedures in the field of ophthalmology. The magnitude of the impact of the pandemic on surgical training among ophthalmology residents is not known. This study aims to quantify changes in average case logs among United States (U.S.) ophthalmology residency graduates prior to and during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS Retrospective, cross-sectional analysis of aggregate, national data on case logs of U.S. ophthalmology residency graduates from 2012 to 2020. The yearly percent change in the average number of procedures performed in the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) ophthalmology resident case logs were analyzed using linear regression on log-transformed dependent variables. The average percent change from 2019 to 2020 was compared to the average yearly percent change from 2012 to 2019 for procedures performed as the primary surgeon, and primary surgeon and surgical assistant (S + A), as well as procedures for which there are ACGME minimum graduating numbers. RESULTS Across all procedures and roles, average case logs in 2020 were lower than the averages in 2019. While average total cases logged as primary surgeon increased yearly by 3.2% (95% CI: 2.7, 3.8%, p < 0.001) from 2012 to 2019, total primary surgeon case logs decreased by 11.2% from 2019 to 2020. Cataract (-22.0%) and keratorefractive (-21.1%) surgery experienced the greatest percent decrease in average primary surgeon cases logged from 2019 to 2020. Average total cases logged as S + A experienced an average yearly increase by 1.2% (95% CI: 0.9,1.6%, p < 0.001) prior to 2020, but decreased by 9.6% from 2019 to 2020. For ACGME minimum requirements, similar changes were observed. Specifically, the average case logs in YAG, SLT, filtering (glaucoma), and intravitreal injections had been increasing significantly prior to 2020 (p < 0.05 for all) but decreased in 2020. CONCLUSIONS These findings demonstrate the vulnerability of ophthalmology residency programs to a significant interruption in surgical volume. There is a critical need for development of competency-based, rather than volume-based, requirements to evaluate readiness for independent practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hursuong Vongsachang
- Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 600 N. Wolfe St, MD, 21287, Baltimore, USA.
| | - Michael J Fliotsos
- Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 600 N. Wolfe St, MD, 21287, Baltimore, USA
- Present address: Department of Ophthalmology, Yale School of Medicine, 333 Cedar St, CT, 06510, New Haven, USA
| | - Alice C Lorch
- Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, 243 Charles St, MA, 02114, Boston, USA
| | - Eric L Singman
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 655 W. Baltimore St, MD, 21201, Baltimore, USA
| | - Fasika A Woreta
- Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 600 N. Wolfe St, MD, 21287, Baltimore, USA
| | - Grant A Justin
- Department of Ophthalmology, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, 4494 Palmer Rd. N, MD, 20814, Bethesda, USA
- Department of Surgery, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Walter Reed, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, MD, 20814, Bethesda, USA
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Shoji MK, Venincasa MJ, Sridhar J. The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Ophthalmology Resident Perceptions of Clinical Experience, Surgical Training, and Personal Life. JOURNAL OF ACADEMIC OPHTHALMOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1740314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Objective The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has affected multiple areas of health care, including residency training programs. Elucidating the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on resident clinical experience, surgical training, and wellness is essential to identify areas in which programs can provide additional educational and personal resources to trainees. This study aims to evaluate the experiences of ophthalmology residents during the pandemic.
Design The design is a cross-sectional, nonvalidated survey study. The survey was administered online with data collection from August 22 to August 31, 2020.
Participants Applicants to the Bascom Palmer Eye Institute ophthalmology residency program during the 2016 to 2019 application cycles were invited to complete the survey to encompass trainees currently in ophthalmology residency during the COVID-19 pandemic. Applicants who were not training at an ophthalmology residency program during the pandemic were excluded.
Methods This study involved eliciting feedback from ophthalmology residents on the perceived impact of COVID-19 on their residency experiences through survey questions.
Main Outcome Measures Perceived didactic, clinical, surgical, and overall experiences of residents during the COVID-19 pandemic, effect on cataract and noncataract surgical case volume, and perceived effects on resident personal life.
Results Responses were obtained from 357 (22.8%) individuals, 193 of which met inclusion criteria (59.1% male, 54.9% aged 30–34). Most participants reported overall worsening of their ophthalmology training experience due to COVID-19 (75.1%), with worsening of clinical training reported by 72.5% of participants and worsening of surgical training reported by 89.1% of participants. There were no significant differences in the perception of the impact of COVID-19 on overall training experience, clinical training experience, or surgical training experience among geographic regions (p = 0.43, p = 0.23, p = 0.27, respectively). A higher percentage of post-graduate year 3 (PGY3) and PGY4 trainees reported worsened clinical (p = 0.003) or surgical (p = 0.03) experience compared with PGY2 trainees. Participants also reported impact on personal life including time spent away from family (52.9%), worsened friendships with co-residents (29.5%), forced changes in living situation (15.0%), and increased expenses (13.5%).
Conclusion The COVID-19 pandemic has substantially impacted clinical and surgical experience of ophthalmology residents, who also report personal stressors due to the pandemic. Identifying alterations in the ophthalmology residency experience is essential to provide additional resources to support ophthalmology trainees professionally and personally during this time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marissa K. Shoji
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Michael J. Venincasa
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Jayanth Sridhar
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
- Department of Vitreoretinal Surgery, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
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The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Ophthalmology Residents: A Narrative Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph182111567. [PMID: 34770081 PMCID: PMC8583285 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182111567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The ongoing outbreak of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has drastically affected medical societies. We aim to provide an overview and summarize the information published so far concerning the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on ophthalmology residency programs and the mental wellbeing of trainees, and to establish factors to help maintain successful residency training to ensure high-quality, specialist ophthalmic training. A literature search was conducted in October 2021 of the PubMed database for articles assessing the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the mental health of ophthalmology trainees and on ophthalmology residency programs. Cross-sectional survey studies, editorials, articles in scientific journals, letters to editors, and commentaries were considered; finally, 19 studies were included after excluding abstract-only publications and conference posters. The studies’ demographic details, participant characteristics, interventions, outcomes, and limitations were extracted. Our summarized information showed the alarmingly significant impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on ophthalmology trainees’ mental health and the associated considerable changes in ophthalmic training programs. Thus, in future, virtual training and surgical simulators should be permanently introduced, in addition to traditional teaching, to complete successful ophthalmology residency programs. Additionally, we emphasize the need for a widely facilitated and encouraged access to psychological support programs for healthcare workers, including ophthalmologists.
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Gupta R, Mouawad NJ, Yi JA. The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on vascular surgery: Health care systems, economic, and clinical implications. Semin Vasc Surg 2021; 34:74-81. [PMID: 34642039 PMCID: PMC8285216 DOI: 10.1053/j.semvascsurg.2021.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Revised: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (coronavirus disease 2019 [COVID-19]) pandemic is responsible for more than 500,000 deaths in the United States and nearly 3 million worldwide, profoundly altering the landscape of health care delivery. Aggressive public health measures were instituted and hospital efforts became directed at COVID-19–related concerns. Consequently, routine surgical practice was virtually halted, resulting in billions of dollars in hospital losses as pandemic costs escalated. Navigating an uncertain new landscape of scarce resource allocation, exposure risk, role redeployment, and significant practice pattern changes has been challenging. Furthermore, the overall effect on the financial viability of the health care system and vascular surgical practices is yet to be elucidated. This review explores the economic and clinical implications of COVID-19 on the practice of vascular surgery in addition to the health care system as a whole.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Gupta
- Division of Vascular Surgery and Endovascular Therapy, University of Colorado Anschutz School of Medicine, 12631 E. 16(th) Avenue, Room 5405 MC C312, Aurora, CO, 80045
| | - Nicolas J Mouawad
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, McLaren Health System-Bay Region, Auburn Hills, MI; Department of Surgery, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI
| | - Jeniann A Yi
- Division of Vascular Surgery and Endovascular Therapy, University of Colorado Anschutz School of Medicine, 12631 E. 16(th) Avenue, Room 5405 MC C312, Aurora, CO, 80045.
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22
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Anitha V, Ravindran M. A novel eyeball simulator for training postgraduate students during pandemic times. Indian J Ophthalmol 2021; 69:2879-2880. [PMID: 34571661 PMCID: PMC8597525 DOI: 10.4103/ijo.ijo_2013_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Venugopal Anitha
- Senior Consultant, Cornea and Refractive Surgery Services, Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Meenakshi Ravindran
- Chief Medical Officer, Paediatric and Strabismus Surgery Services, Aravind Eye Hospital, Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu, India
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Konopińska J, Obuchowska I, Lisowski Ł, Dub N, Dmuchowska DA, Rękas M. Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on ophthalmic specialist training in Poland. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0257876. [PMID: 34559855 PMCID: PMC8462680 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0257876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on ophthalmology residency training in Poland. An anonymous self-administered online survey involving polish ophthalmology residents was conducted between February 15 and 28, 2021. Of the 126 residents who completed the survey, 88.9% (n = 112) and 89.7% (n = 113) felt that the COVID-19 pandemic had negatively impacted their surgical training and overall training programs, respectively. Trainees providing care to patients with COVID-19 and female trainees indicated a greater negative impact of the pandemic on the implementation of the specialization program (p = 0.008 and p = 0.015, respectively) and on the acquisition of practical skills (p = 0.014 and p = 0.021, respectively). Approximately 94% (n = 118) of the residents surveyed participated in virtual training during the pandemic, and 99.2% (n = 124) positively assessed the content and usefulness of online teaching in everyday clinical practice. The most common platforms used for online meetings were Zoom (62.7%, n = 79) and Microsoft Teams (50.8%, n = 64). Approximately 79% (n = 99) of residents believed that, after the pandemic is over, at least some of the training courses and conferences should be conducted online. In addition, 13.5% (n = 17) of residents reported that they would like to undergo training and specialization courses in virtual form only after the pandemic is over. In summary, the present findings indicate that the COVID-19 pandemic negatively impacted the implementation of the ophthalmology specialization program in Poland, with the greatest impact on surgical training. Trainees providing care to patients with COVID-19 are more likely to negatively assess the impact of the pandemic on the training process. Replacing traditional training with virtual methods was positively received by residents and considered very useful, and most residents reported a desire to maintain virtual training in ophthalmology in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Konopińska
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
- * E-mail:
| | - Iwona Obuchowska
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Łukasz Lisowski
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Natalia Dub
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | | | - Marek Rękas
- Department of Ophthalmology, Military Institute of Medicine, Warsaw, Poland
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Scorcia V, Giannaccare G, Gatti V, Vaccaro S, Piccoli G, Villì A, Toro MD, Yu AC, Iovino C, Simonelli F, Carnevali A. Intravitreal Dexamethasone Implant in Patients Who Did Not Complete Anti-VEGF Loading Dose During the COVID-19 Pandemic: a Retrospective Observational Study. Ophthalmol Ther 2021; 10:1015-1024. [PMID: 34482532 PMCID: PMC8418689 DOI: 10.1007/s40123-021-00395-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION To compare the functional and anatomic outcomes between eyes in patients with diabetic macular edema (DME) who underwent a complete anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) loading dose with aflibercept and those who were switched to dexamethasone intravitreal (DEX) implant after an incomplete anti-VEGF treatment regimen during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. METHODS This was a retrospective and comparative study conducted on patients with DME. Main outcome measures were mean change in best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and central retinal thickness (CRT) from baseline to month 4. RESULTS Forty-three eyes (23 eyes in the anti-VEGF group and 20 eyes in the DEX group) were included. Mean BCVA significantly improved from 37.7 ± 25.3 and 35.7 ± 22.0 letters at baseline to 45.4 (23.9) (mean adjusted BCVA improvement 7.6 ± 20.8 letters, p = 0.033) and 46.1 ± 26.0 (mean adjusted BCVA improvement 10.6 ± 15.9 letters, p = 0.049) at month 4 in the anti-VEGF and DEX groups, respectively, with no significant differences between study groups (mean adjusted BCVA difference 2.8 letters, 95% CI - 9.4 to 14.9 letters, p = 0.648). There were no statistically significant differences in the proportion of eyes that achieved a BCVA improvement of ≥ 5, ≥ 10, and ≥ 15 letters between groups. CRT was significantly reduced from baseline to month 4 in both DEX (mean adjusted CRT reduction 167.3 ± 148.2 µm, p = 0.012) and anti-VEGF groups (mean adjusted CRT reduction 109.9 ± 181.9 µm, p < 0.001), with no differences between them (mean adjusted CRT difference 56.1 µm, 95% CI - 46.0 to 158.2 µm, p = 0.273). Of 20 eyes in the DEX group, 16 (80.0%) and 9 (45.0%) eyes achieved a CRT reduction of ≥ 20% from baseline at 2 months and at 4 months, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Our results seem to suggest that DEX implant can significantly improve both functional and anatomic clinical outcomes in patients who were unable to complete anti-VEGF loading dose during the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincenzo Scorcia
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Magna Graecia of Cantazaro, Viale Europa, Loc. Germaneto, 88100, Catanzaro, Calabria, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Giannaccare
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Magna Graecia of Cantazaro, Viale Europa, Loc. Germaneto, 88100, Catanzaro, Calabria, Italy
| | - Valentina Gatti
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Magna Graecia of Cantazaro, Viale Europa, Loc. Germaneto, 88100, Catanzaro, Calabria, Italy
| | - Sabrina Vaccaro
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Magna Graecia of Cantazaro, Viale Europa, Loc. Germaneto, 88100, Catanzaro, Calabria, Italy
| | - Gabriele Piccoli
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Magna Graecia of Cantazaro, Viale Europa, Loc. Germaneto, 88100, Catanzaro, Calabria, Italy
| | - Annarita Villì
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Magna Graecia of Cantazaro, Viale Europa, Loc. Germaneto, 88100, Catanzaro, Calabria, Italy
| | - Mario Damiano Toro
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital of Zurich, University of Zurich, 9081, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Angeli Christy Yu
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Claudio Iovino
- Multidisciplinary Department of Medical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, Eye Clinic, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli School of Medicine and Surgery, Naples, Italy
| | - Francesca Simonelli
- Multidisciplinary Department of Medical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, Eye Clinic, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli School of Medicine and Surgery, Naples, Italy
| | - Adriano Carnevali
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Magna Graecia of Cantazaro, Viale Europa, Loc. Germaneto, 88100, Catanzaro, Calabria, Italy.
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Yong WWD, Koh TCV, Shen L, Misra DK, Leung WYJ, Chandrasekaran S, Chou HD, Ang HNM, Wong CW. A survey of young ophthalmologists' perception of training in Asia during COVID-19. ANNALS OF THE ACADEMY OF MEDICINE, SINGAPORE 2021; 50:729-732. [PMID: 34625763 DOI: 10.47102/annals-acadmedsg.202146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wei Dayna Yong
- Department of Ophthalmology, National University Health System, Singapore
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Anand SV, Shuy YK, Lee PSS, Lee ES. One Year on: An Overview of Singapore's Response to COVID-19-What We Did, How We Fared, How We Can Move Forward. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:9125. [PMID: 34501718 PMCID: PMC8431401 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18179125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Background-One year has passed since the first COVID-19 case in Singapore. This scoping review commemorates Singaporean researchers that have expanded the knowledge on this novel virus. We aim to provide an overview of healthcare-related articles published in peer-reviewed journals, authored by the Singapore research community about COVID-19 during the first year of the pandemic. Methods-This was reported using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) protocol. It included healthcare-related articles about COVID-19 published between 23 January 2020 and 22 January 2021 with a Singapore-affiliated author. MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Google Scholar, and local journals were searched. The articles were screened independently by two reviewers. Results-The review included 504 articles. Most of the articles narrated the changes to hospital practice (210), while articles on COVID-19 pathology (94) formed most of the non-narrative papers. Publications on public health (61) and the indirect impacts to clinical outcomes (45) were other major themes explored by the research community. The remaining articles detailed the psychological impact of the pandemic (35), adaptations of medical education (30), and narratives of events (14). Conclusion-Amidst a resurgence of community cases involving variant COVID-19 strains, the resources from the research community will provide valuable guidance to navigate these uncertain times.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Vivek Anand
- Ministry of Health Holdings, Singapore 099253, Singapore;
| | - Yao Kang Shuy
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 308207, Singapore;
| | - Poay Sian Sabrina Lee
- Clinical Research Unit, National Healthcare Group Polyclinics, Singapore 138543, Singapore;
| | - Eng Sing Lee
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 308207, Singapore;
- Clinical Research Unit, National Healthcare Group Polyclinics, Singapore 138543, Singapore;
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Martins TGDS, Martins DGDS, Martins TGDS, Marinho P, Schor P. COVID 19 repercussions in ophthalmology: a narrative review. SAO PAULO MED J 2021; 139:535-542. [PMID: 34378743 PMCID: PMC9632535 DOI: 10.1590/1516-3180.2021.0113.r1.0504221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The new coronavirus of 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has spread globally and has repercussions within ophthalmological care. It has caused ocular manifestations in some patients, which can spread through eye secretions. OBJECTIVES The purpose of this review was to summarize the currently available evidence on COVID-19 with regard to its implications for ophthalmology. DESIGN AND SETTING Narrative review developed by a research group at Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo (SP), Brazil, and at Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany. METHODS We searched the literature on the repercussions of COVID-19 within ophthalmological care, using the MEDLINE and LILACS databases, with the keywords "COVID-19", "ophthalmology" and "coronavirus", from January 1, 2020, to March 27, 2021. Clinical trials, meta-analysis, randomized controlled trials, reviews and systematic reviews were identified. RESULTS We retrieved 884 references, of which 42 were considered eligible for intensive review and critical analysis. Most of the studies selected reported the evidence regarding COVID-19 and its implications for ophthalmology. CONCLUSIONS Knowledge of eye symptoms and ocular transmission of the virus remains incomplete. New clinical trials with larger numbers of patients may answer these questions in the future. Moreover, positively, implementation of innovative changes in medicine such as telemedicine and artificial intelligence may assist in diagnosing eye diseases and in training and education for students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thiago Gonçalves dos Santos Martins
- MD, MSc. Doctoral Student, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo (SP), Brazil; Research Fellow, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU), Munich Germany; and Doctoral Student, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | | | | | - Paula Marinho
- MD. Doctoral Student, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo (SP), Brazil.
| | - Paulo Schor
- MD, MSc, PhD. Professor, Department of Ophthalmology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo (SP), Brazil.
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Barabino S. A Narrative Review of Current Understanding and Classification of Dry Eye Disease with New Insights on the Impact of Dry Eye during the COVID-19 Pandemic. Ophthalmol Ther 2021; 10:495-507. [PMID: 34275088 PMCID: PMC8286160 DOI: 10.1007/s40123-021-00373-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Dry eye disease (DED) is a complex, progressive and multifactorial condition that is commonly seen in clinical practice and can be challenging to accurately diagnose. Untreated or suboptimally managed dry eye can progress to severe, chronic disease which may become resistant to treatment. Symptoms include ocular irritation and visual impairment. Patients frequently report negative consequences regarding quality of life (QoL), productivity and psychological wellbeing. Certain lifestyle factors (e.g. use of screen-based devices, air conditioning) can induce or exacerbate symptoms of DED, leading to progressive and debilitating complications. Exposures to such triggers are likely to have increased significantly during the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic with people across the globe living with heightened levels of stress/anxiety while being forced to adapt most aspects of their daily lives (from work and education through to social activities) to accommodate social distancing, primarily through the use digital technologies. This review aims to provide a concise and practical overview of current understanding regarding DED, highlighting proposals for refined diagnostic categories and therapeutic terminologies that are designed to improve identification and management of dry eye as well as reduce or slow disease progression. Finally, the findings of a European survey are shared to illustrate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the lives of people with DED. The survey was conducted during the first lockdown period (March–September 2020) and explored issues relating to psychological wellbeing, QoL and engagement with healthcare services. The results demonstrate the ways in which the pandemic amplified the impact of dry eye on daily life and may be valuable in enhancing understanding among clinicians of the challenges faced by people with DED, which extend beyond the signs and symptoms of disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Barabino
- Centro Superficie Oculare e Occhio Secco, ASST Fatebenefratelli-Sacco, Ospedale L. Sacco, Università di Milano, via G.B. Grassi 74, 20157, Milan, Italy.
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Thompson M. The geographies of digital health - Digital therapeutic landscapes and mobilities. Health Place 2021; 70:102610. [PMID: 34174771 DOI: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2021.102610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Revised: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Digital technologies have long impacted the field of health, causing fundamental changes for the geographies of the production, movement, and consumption of health. Despite this, there is limited health geography engagement with digital health, and an understanding of how digital health affects the spatialities of health remains underdeveloped. Here, using autoethnography, I reflect on personal encounters with digital health in the UK to initiate analytical attention into the geographies of digital health. I demonstrate that digital health technologies are interconnected and increasingly structure access to health, impacting the equality of health; and that digital health disrupts existing, and creates new, therapeutic landscapes and mobilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maddy Thompson
- Keele University, School of Geography, Geology and the Environment, William Smith Building, ST5 5BG, United Kingdom.
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30
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Almazroa A. Sustainability of Ophthalmology Practice and Training During and Post the Pandemic of Coronavirus (COVID-19): A Review. Clin Ophthalmol 2021; 15:2355-2365. [PMID: 34113079 PMCID: PMC8187105 DOI: 10.2147/opth.s306273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose To review and analyse the globally established ophthalmic practice protocols during the coronavirus disease (COVID-19). Methods A literature review using search strategy was conducted to identify appropriate publications relevant to COVID-19 and ophthalmology practice and training. The safety and feasibility of the protocols were illustrated and discussed. Results Challenges in different eye care settings at various international ophthalmology departments have identified and analysed to introduce solutions. Several clinical protocols were established and concerned for screening procedures, waiting area, clinical flow (ie, patients' registration, personal (patients and healthcare workers) protection), and equipment safety in the clinics and operation rooms. Discussion In the review of this protocol, the strategic and operational missions of the Academic Medical Centers (AMCs) are demonstrated and discussed. This is in addition to the sustainability of the established protocols for cataract surgeries and glaucoma clinics and training during and after COVID-19. Conclusion All the protocols have established for temporary circumstances, such as postponing elective appointments and surgeries as well as applying the technology for regular follow-ups (transmission of image, video, and face-to-face interactions via widely available applications). Only, one protocol was stronger for the sustainability. Accordingly, recommendations are suggested for clinical sustainability during and after COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Almazroa
- Imaging Research Department, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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31
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Lo C, Rai A, Micieli JA. Effect of COVID-19 on Canadian Medical Student Attitudes toward Ophthalmology Residency Application. JOURNAL OF ACADEMIC OPHTHALMOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1722740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Objective This study aims to survey medical students interested in ophthalmology about how changes in electives and Canadian Residency Matching Service (CaRMS) due to the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic have affected their attitudes toward applying to ophthalmology residency.
Design This is a cross-sectional survey.
Participants A total of 32 Canadian medical students interested in ophthalmology responded to the survey.
Methods A 32-question survey tool used was developed in consultation with medical students, academic ophthalmologists, and residency program directors. The survey was distributed through e-mail by local ophthalmology interest groups at all of Canada's medical schools.
Results Respondents felt that changes in ability to travel for electives significantly decreased their likelihood of applying to ophthalmology residency. Additionally, respondents expressed concerns that lack of travel for electives and in-person CaRMS interviews significantly reduced their chances of successfully matching to ophthalmology. Respondents identified one-on-one video calls with program directors and residents as the initiatives that would best counteract the negative impacts from COVID-19. Increased presence of programs on social media were relatively less valued.
Conclusion Canadian medical students interested in ophthalmology have concerns about how changes in electives and the CaRMS match due to COVID-19 will impact their ability to be fairly assessed and successfully match to ophthalmology. Lack of travel for electives and interviews has also resulted in students feeling ill equipped to make informed choices about program selection. However, there remains a sustained interest in ophthalmology among applicants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cody Lo
- Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Amandeep Rai
- Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Kensington Vision and Research Centre, Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences at the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jonathan A. Micieli
- Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Kensington Vision and Research Centre, Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences at the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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32
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Ung L, Jonas JB, Lietman TM, Chodosh J. COVID-19 and the Unfinished Agenda of VISION 2020. Am J Ophthalmol 2021; 224:30-35. [PMID: 33309690 PMCID: PMC7831771 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajo.2020.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2020] [Revised: 11/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To critically evaluate the potential impact of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic on global ophthalmology and VISION 2020. DESIGN Perspective supplemented with epidemiologic insights from available online databases. METHODS We extracted data from the Global Vision Database (2017) and Global Burden of Disease Study (2017) to highlight temporal trends in global blindness since 1990, and provide a narrative overview of how COVID-19 may derail progress toward the goals of VISION 2020. RESULTS Over 2 decades of VISION 2020 advocacy and program implementation have culminated in a universal reduction of combined age-standardized prevalence of moderate-to-severe vision impairment (MSVI) across all world regions since 1990. Between 1990 and 2017, low-income countries observed large reductions in the age-standardized prevalence per 100,000 persons of vitamin A deficiency (25,155 to 19,187), undercorrected refractive disorders (2,286 to 2,040), cataract (1,846 to 1,690), onchocerciasis (5,577 to 2,871), trachoma (506 to 159), and leprosy (36 to 26). Despite these reductions, crude projections suggest that more than 700 million persons will experience MSVI or blindness by 2050, principally owing to our growing and ageing global population. CONCLUSIONS Despite the many resounding successes of VISION 2020, the burden of global blindness and vision impairment is set to reach historic levels in the coming years. The impact of COVID-19, while yet to be fully determined, now threatens the hard-fought gains of global ophthalmology. The postpandemic years will require renewed effort and focus on vision advocacy and expanding eye care services worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lawson Ung
- Infectious Disease Institute, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA,Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA,Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jost B. Jonas
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Thomas M. Lietman
- Francis I. Proctor Foundation, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - James Chodosh
- Infectious Disease Institute, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA,Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA,Inquiries to James Chodosh, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, 243 Charles St, Boston, MA 02114, USA
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Chhabra K, Khanna V, Vedachalam R, Sindal M. RetiSurge - Enabling "Dry Lab" vitreoretinal surgical training during COVID-19 pandemic. Indian J Ophthalmol 2021; 69:982-984. [PMID: 33727472 PMCID: PMC8012966 DOI: 10.4103/ijo.ijo_2729_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in reduction of patient volumes in Ophthalmology. With only emergency surgical procedures being performed with few elective surgical procedures, surgical volumes are at an all-time low. This has resulted in decreased surgical training opportunities for trainee surgeons. We developed a simple, cost-effective, 3D printed model eye - RetiSurge - for "Dry Lab" vitreoretinal surgery training. The model incorporates a retinal film that can be changed, making it suitable for multiple uses. The RetiSurge model can be used to practice visualization, instrument manipulation and endolaser photocoagulation. RetiSurge can be sterilized by ethylene oxide and is safe for use inside the operating room. RetiSurge is a simple, cost-effective, and reusable model eye for early training in Vitreoretinal surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanika Chhabra
- Vitreoretinal Services, Aravind Eye Hospital and Postgraduate Institute of Ophthalmology, Pondicherry, India
| | - Vaibhav Khanna
- Cornea Services, Aravind Eye Hospital and Postgraduate Institute of Ophthalmology, Pondicherry, India
| | - Rajesh Vedachalam
- Cornea Services, Aravind Eye Hospital and Postgraduate Institute of Ophthalmology, Pondicherry, India
| | - Manavi Sindal
- Clinical Retina and Training, Vitreoretinal Services, Aravind Eye Hospital and Postgraduate Institute of Ophthalmology, Pondicherry, India
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Berkenstock MK, Liberman P, McDonnell PJ, Chaon BC. Changes in patient visits and diagnoses in a large academic center during the COVID-19 pandemic. BMC Ophthalmol 2021; 21:139. [PMID: 33743634 PMCID: PMC7980730 DOI: 10.1186/s12886-021-01886-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background To minimize the risk of viral transmission, ophthalmology practices limited face-to-face encounters to only patients with urgent and emergent ophthalmic conditions in the weeks after the start of the COVID-19 epidemic in the United States. The impact of this is unknown. Methods We did a retrospective analysis of the change in the frequency of ICD-10 code use and patient volumes in the 6 weeks before and after the changes in clinical practice associated with COVID-19. Results The total number of encounters decreased four-fold after the implementation of clinic changes associated with COVID-19. The low vision, pediatric ophthalmology, general ophthalmology, and cornea divisions had the largest total decrease of in-person visits. Conversely, the number of telemedicine visits increased sixty-fold. The number of diagnostic codes associated with ocular malignancies, most ocular inflammatory disorders, and retinal conditions requiring intravitreal injections increased. ICD-10 codes associated with ocular screening exams for systemic disorders decreased during the weeks post COVID-19. Conclusion Ophthalmology practices need to be prepared to experience changes in practice patterns, implementation of telemedicine, and decreased patient volumes during a pandemic. Knowing the changes specific to each subspecialty clinic is vital to redistribute available resources correctly. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12886-021-01886-7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meghan K Berkenstock
- Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, 600 N. Wolfe Street, Maumenee Building, Third Floor, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA.
| | - Paulina Liberman
- Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, 600 N. Wolfe Street, Maumenee Building, Third Floor, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA.,Departamento de Oftalmología, Escuela de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Peter J McDonnell
- Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, 600 N. Wolfe Street, Maumenee Building, Third Floor, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
| | - Benjamin C Chaon
- Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, 600 N. Wolfe Street, Maumenee Building, Third Floor, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
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35
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Usefulness of virtual reality-based training to diagnose strabismus. Sci Rep 2021; 11:5891. [PMID: 33723316 PMCID: PMC7961051 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-85265-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
To study the usefulness of virtual reality (VR)-based training for diagnosing strabismus. Fourteen residents in ophthalmology performed at least 30 VR training sessions to diagnose esotropia and exotropia. Examinations of real patients with esotropia or exotropia before and after the VR training were video-recorded and presented to a strabismus expert to assess accuracy and performance scores for measuring the deviation angle and diagnosing strabismus with anonymization. A feedback survey regarding the usefulness and ease of use of the VR application was conducted for participants. The mean age of the 14 ophthalmology residents (10 men and 4 women), was 29.7 years. Before VR training, participants showed a mean accuracy score of 14.50 ± 5.45 and a performance score of 9.64 ± 4.67 for measuring the deviation angle and diagnosing strabismus in real patients with strabismus. After VR training, they showed a significantly improved accuracy score of 22.14 ± 4.37 (p = 0.012) and a performance score of 15.50 ± 1.99 (p = 0.011). According to the survey, most participants agreed on the usefulness of VR applications. This study suggests that VR-based training improved ophthalmology residents’ clinical diagnostic skills for strabismus in a short period.
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Abstract
Technological advances provide a number of options for glaucoma monitoring outside the office setting, including home-based tonometry and perimetry. This has the potential to revolutionize management of this chronic disease, improve access to care, and enhance patient engagement. Here, we provide an overview of existing technologies for home-based glaucoma monitoring. We also discuss areas for future research and the potential applications of these technologies to telemedicine, which has been brought to the forefront during the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inas F Aboobakar
- Department of Ophthalmology , Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - David S Friedman
- Department of Ophthalmology , Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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37
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Wendt S, Abdullah Z, Barrett S, Daruwalla C, Go JA, Le B, Li E, Livingston C, Miller M, Nakhleh L, Pecha J, Pothula S, Pradhan S, Sathappan V, Shah A, Sonuyi AM, Ugoh P, Wang Q, Weber N, Succar T, Blieden L, Mortensen P, Elkin Z, Sun G, Lee AG. A virtual COVID-19 ophthalmology rotation. Surv Ophthalmol 2021; 66:354-361. [PMID: 33058927 PMCID: PMC7550053 DOI: 10.1016/j.survophthal.2020.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Revised: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic temporarily suspended medical student involvement in clinical rotations, resulting in the need to develop virtual clinical experiences. The cancellation of clinical ophthalmology electives and away rotations reduces opportunities for exposure to the field, to network with faculty, conduct research, and prepare for residency applications. We review the literature and discuss the impact and consequences of COVID-19 on undergraduate medical education with an emphasis on ophthalmic undergraduate medical education. We also discuss innovative learning modalities used from medical schools around the world during the COVID-19 pandemic such as virtual didactics, online cases, and telehealth. Finally, we describe a novel, virtual neuro-ophthalmology elective created to educate medical students on neuro-ophthalmology foundational principles, provide research and presentation opportunities, and build relationships with faculty members. These innovative approaches represent a step forward in further improving medical education in ophthalmology during COVID-19 pandemic and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Brandon Le
- Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Elijah Li
- Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Alay Shah
- Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | | | - Peter Ugoh
- Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | | | | | - Tony Succar
- Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Save Sight Institute, Discipline of Ophthalmology, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Lauren Blieden
- Department of Ophthalmology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Peter Mortensen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Blanton Eye Institute, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Zachary Elkin
- Department of Ophthalmology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Grace Sun
- Department of Ophthalmology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Andrew G Lee
- Department of Ophthalmology, Blanton Eye Institute, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA; Departments of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Ophthalmology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, Texas A&M University College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA; Baylor College of Medicine and the Center for Space Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA; University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa, USA; University of Buffalo, Buffalo, New York, USA.
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Mouawad NJ, Woo K, Malgor RD, Wohlauer MV, Johnson AP, Cuff RF, Coleman DM, Coogan SM, Sheahan MG, Shalhub S. The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on vascular surgery practice in the United States. J Vasc Surg 2021; 73:772-779.e4. [PMID: 32889073 PMCID: PMC7462594 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvs.2020.08.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has led to widespread postponement and cancelation of elective surgeries in the United States. We designed and administered a global survey to examine the impact of COVID-19 on vascular surgeons. We describe the impact of the pandemic on the practices of vascular surgeons in the United States. METHODS The Pandemic Practice, Anxiety, Coping, and Support Survey for Vascular Surgeons is an anonymous cross-sectional survey sponsored by the Society for Vascular Surgery Wellness Task Force disseminated April 14 to 24, 2020. This analysis focuses on pattern changes in vascular surgery practices in the United States including the inpatient setting, ambulatory, and vascular laboratory setting. Specific questions regarding occupational exposure to COVID-19, adequacy of personal protective equipment, elective surgical practice, changes in call schedule, and redeployment to nonvascular surgery duties were also included in the survey. Regional variation was assessed. The survey data were collected using REDCap and analyzed using descriptive statistics. RESULTS A total of 535 vascular surgeons responded to the survey from 45 states. Most of the respondents were male (73.1%), white (70.7%), practiced in urban settings (81.7%), and in teaching hospitals (66.8%). Almost one-half were in hospitals with more than 400 beds (46.4%). There was no regional variation in the presence of preoperative COVID-19 testing, COVID-19 OR protocols, adherence to national surgical standards, or the availability of personal protective equipment. The overwhelming majority of respondents (91.7%) noted elective surgery cancellation, with the Northeast and Southeast regions having the most case cancellations 94.2% and 95.8%, respectively. The Northeast region reported the highest percentage of operations or procedures on patients with COVID-19, which was either identified at the time of the surgery or later in the hospital course (82.7%). Ambulatory visits were performed via telehealth (81.3%), with 71.1% having restricted hours. More than one-half of office-based laboratories (OBLs) were closed, although there was regional variation with more than 80% in the Midwest being closed. Cases performed in OBLs focused on critical limb ischemia (42.9%) and dialysis access maintenance (39.9%). Call schedules modifications were common, although the number of call days remained the same (45.8%). CONCLUSIONS Vascular surgeons in the United States report substantial impact on their practices during the COVID-19 pandemic, and regional variations are demonstrated, particularly in OBL use, intensive care bed availability, and COVID-19 exposure at work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas J. Mouawad
- Division of Vascular & Endovascular Surgery, McLaren Health System, Bay City, Mich,Division of Vascular Surgery, Michigan State University, Lansing, Mich
| | - Karen Woo
- Division of Vascular Surgery, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, Calif
| | - Rafael D. Malgor
- Division of Vascular Surgery and Endovascular Therapy, The University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Center, Aurora, Colo
| | - Max V. Wohlauer
- Division of Vascular Surgery and Endovascular Therapy, The University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Center, Aurora, Colo
| | - Adam P. Johnson
- New York/Presbyterian Weill Cornell School of Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Robert F. Cuff
- Vascular Surgery, Spectrum Health Medical Group, Grand Rapids, Mich
| | - Dawn M. Coleman
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich
| | - Sheila M. Coogan
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, University of Texas at Houston, Houston, Tex
| | - Malachi G. Sheahan
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, La
| | - Sherene Shalhub
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Washington, Seattle, Wash.
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Falfoul Y, Chebil A, Halouani S, Bouraoui R, Fekih O, El Matri L. E-learning for Ophthalmology Training Continuity During COVID-19 Pandemic: Satisfaction of residents of Hédi Raies Institut of Ophthalmology of Tunis. LA TUNISIE MEDICALE 2021; 99:207-214. [PMID: 33899188 PMCID: PMC8636968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION COVID-19 pandemic created great challenges for the continuity of medical education. At the Hédi Raies Institut of Ophthalmology of Tunis (HRIO), the need to ensure continuity in the teaching of ophthalmology has stimulated the development of a new e-learning resource based on clinical case studies. AIM To evaluate level of satisfaction of HRIO residents in regard to clinical case-study-based e-learning of ophthalmology. METHODS Cross-sectional survey including 40 ophthalmology residents doing their internship at the ROHI during the first half of 2020. Learners were tutored in e-learning via the Moodle online learning platform and using a problem-solving format based on clinical case studies describing various ophthalmologic conditions. Data collection was carried out through an online survey after four months of training, designed to assess learners' satisfaction with the e-learning. RESULTS Mean age of participants was 29.95 ± 1.73 years. The majority had found the navigation easy, the content relevant to their training objectives, and were satisfied with the discussion forums as a method of communication. All respondents were satisfied with clinical cases presented through the platform and felt that they helped them to better understand the content. Among them, 97.5% considered that this teaching method corresponded to their training needs. There was a statically significant difference in the level of knowledge before and after e-learning teaching, taking into account the residents' appreciation (p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS This study highlights the importance of virtual learning in ophthalmology in the era of the COVID-19 pandemic. E-learning is well appreciated by ophthalmology residents, relatively easy to integrate to their training program, and reduces issues of time, patient availability and case exposure.
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Yang KB, Feng H, Zhang H. Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Anti-vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Treatment in China. Front Med (Lausanne) 2020; 7:576275. [PMID: 33381511 PMCID: PMC7768079 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2020.576275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
We evaluated the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on anti-VEGF treatment in ophthalmology patients in a single hospital in northern China. A total of 93 anti-VEGF injections were administered to 85 eyes of 72 patients at The China Medical University First Hospital Department of Ophthalmology during the COVID-19 pandemic. Compared to the same period in 2019, the number of injections decreased by 70%. Fifty-nine eyes of 46 patients were receiving 3+PRN anti-VEGF treatment prior to the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic; all of these patients experienced treatment interruptions due to COVID-19-associated reasons. Anatomic and functional outcomes suggest that patients with anti-VEGF treatment interruptions are at risk for severe adverse visual sequelae. Moreover, deferred anti-VEGF treatment due to patient-related or department-related reasons during the COVID-19 pandemic may result in poor visual outcomes for new patients. Our results suggest that COVID-19 has had a significant negative effect on anti-VEGF treatment in ophthalmology patients. Detailed guidance from global experts in ophthalmology is highly sought after in these challenging circumstances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Bo Yang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Hao Feng
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Han Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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Jonuscheit S, Lam AKC, Schmid KL, Flanagan J, Martin R, Troilo D. COVID‐19: ensuring safe clinical teaching at university optometry schools. Ophthalmic Physiol Opt 2020; 41:144-156. [DOI: 10.1111/opo.12764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Revised: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sven Jonuscheit
- Department of Vision Sciences Glasgow Caledonian University Glasgow UK
| | - Andrew K C Lam
- School of Optometry The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Kowloon, Hong Kong China
| | - Katrina L Schmid
- School of Optometry and Vision Science Queensland University of Technology Kelvin Grove Australia
| | - John Flanagan
- School of Optometry University of California Berkeley Berkeley USA
| | - Raul Martin
- Optometry School, IOBA Eye Institute University of Valladolid Valladolid Spain
| | - David Troilo
- State University of New York (SUNY), College of Optometry New York USA
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42
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Dohlman JC. COVID-19 and Ophthalmologic Education: A Call to Innovate. Am J Ophthalmol 2020; 220:A12-A13. [PMID: 32961116 PMCID: PMC7501842 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajo.2020.06.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jenny C Dohlman
- Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
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43
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Pasricha ND, Haq Z, Ahmad TR, Chan L, Redd TK, Seitzman GD, Parikh N, Kim TN, Schallhorn JM, Ramanathan S. Remote corneal suturing wet lab: microsurgical education during the COVID-19 pandemic. J Cataract Refract Surg 2020; 46:1667-1673. [PMID: 32769754 PMCID: PMC7446976 DOI: 10.1097/j.jcrs.0000000000000374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To study the feasibility and efficacy of a new remote wet lab for microsurgical education using a corneal suturing task. SETTING Department of Ophthalmology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA. DESIGN Prospective randomized controlled study. METHODS Ten ophthalmology residents were stratified by postgraduate year and randomized to perform a corneal suturing task consisting of placing the 4 cardinal sutures for a penetrating keratoplasty in porcine eyes with or without remote ophthalmology attending feedback. Subsequently, both groups repeated the same task without remote feedback to test whether initial remote feedback affected subsequent performance. Finally, the group without feedback was crossed over to repeat the same corneal suturing task with remote feedback. The effectiveness of the remote wet lab was assessed subjectively by survey and objectively by grading each suture pass. RESULTS Resident-reported comfort with corneal suturing improved significantly after the remote wet lab for all residents. Residents and attendings rated the remote wet lab as equally or more effective compared with previous in-person wet labs and overall effective in corneal suturing. Attendings rated the remote wet lab as effective in multiple domains of microsurgical education using a modified microsurgical global rating scale. Objective corneal suturing performance was similar for both groups. CONCLUSIONS The remote wet lab was feasible and effective for training ophthalmology residents in corneal suturing. This represents a new social distancing compliant platform for microsurgical education during the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neel D Pasricha
- From the Department of Ophthalmology (Pasricha, Haq, Chan, Redd, Seitzman, Parikh, Kim, Schallhorn, Ramanathan), School of Medicine (Ahmad), and Francis I. Proctor Foundation (Redd, Seitzman, Schallhorn), University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
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44
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Alahmadi AS, Alhatlan HM, Bin Helayel H, Khandekar R, Al Habash A, Al-Shahwan S. Residents' Perceived Impact of COVID-19 on Saudi Ophthalmology Training Programs-A Survey. Clin Ophthalmol 2020; 14:3755-3761. [PMID: 33173273 PMCID: PMC7648533 DOI: 10.2147/opth.s283073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the impact of the current pandemic on ophthalmology residency training in Saudi Arabia, focusing on its effects on clinical education, training, and the mental well-being of the trainees. METHODS An online self-administered questionnaire was distributed among residents in the Saudi ophthalmology training programs between July 7 and 14, 2020. In this study, we explored residents' opinions regarding training disruption and virtual education. The patient health questionnaire (PHQ-9) was used to assess the COVID-19 pandemic's impact on their mental health. We used descriptive statistics for data analysis. RESULTS Out of 183 registered ophthalmology residents, 142 participated in this study. Ninety-six participants (35.4%) were rotated at a specialized eye hospital during the COVID-19 pandemic, while 52 (19.2%) had rotations in the ophthalmology department at general hospitals. Those who rotated in both types of hospitals were 123 (45.4%). According to the participants, there was a significant decline in exposure to surgical and office-based procedures compared to emergency eye consultations (Friedman P <0.001). The COVID-19 pandemic's effect on mental health was reported by 100 (70.5%) participants. Eighty-five (55.4%) respondents were satisfied with the virtual method of education. CONCLUSION COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted residents' clinical and surgical training in the Saudi ophthalmology training programs. Additionally, we believe that COVID-19 may have a negative impact on trainees' mental health. Fortunately, the current pandemic provided an innovative education method that will likely be used even after the pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adel Salah Alahmadi
- Vitreoretinal Division, King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Ophthalmology, MOH, Madinah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hatlan M Alhatlan
- Department of Ophthalmology, King Fahad Hospital, MOH, Hofuf, Saudi Arabia
| | - Halah Bin Helayel
- Research Department, King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rajiv Khandekar
- Research Department, King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Al Habash
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sami Al-Shahwan
- Glaucoma Division, King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Residency and Fellowship Office, King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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45
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Duong AT, Van Tassel SH, Alzaga Fernandez AG, Amin A, Chadha N, Dagi Glass LR, Dersu I, Goyal A, Graubart EB, Elkin ZP, Kelly L, Kemp PS, Knoch DW, Regina M, Rosenbaum PS, Rosenberg JB, Sankar PS, Sun G. Medical Education and Path to Residency in Ophthalmology in the COVID-19 Era: Perspective from Medical Student Educators. Ophthalmology 2020; 127:e95-e98. [PMID: 32712074 PMCID: PMC7376334 DOI: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2020.07.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Revised: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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He B, Tanya S, Sharma S. Perspectives on virtual ophthalmology education among Canadian medical students. Can J Ophthalmol 2020; 56:208-209. [PMID: 33098758 PMCID: PMC7577254 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcjo.2020.09.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2020] [Accepted: 09/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Similarly structured virtual learning programs may address critical gaps in undergraduate medical education of ophthalmology. Medical students prefer interactive virtual modalities over traditional didactic methods for learning ophthalmology. Social isolation in learners and inequities in access to medical education can be mitigated with open-access virtual learning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bonnie He
- Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C
| | - Stuti Tanya
- Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, N.F
| | - Sanjay Sharma
- Department of Ophthalmology, Queen's University, Kingston, Ont..
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47
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Tsui E, Wells MB, Mohamed M, Felix CM, Giaconi JA. Virtual Ophthalmology Rotations—A Real Possibility during the COVID-19 Pandemic and Beyond. JOURNAL OF ACADEMIC OPHTHALMOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1716714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Edmund Tsui
- UCLA Stein Eye Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California
| | - Michael B. Wells
- The Ohio State University Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Havener Eye Institute, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Mubarik Mohamed
- The Ohio State University Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Havener Eye Institute, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Christian M. Felix
- UCLA Stein Eye Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California
| | - JoAnn A. Giaconi
- UCLA Stein Eye Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California
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48
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Kisilevsky E, Margolin E, Kohly RP. Access, an unintended consequence of virtual continuing medical education during COVID-19: a department's experience at the University of Toronto. Can J Ophthalmol 2020; 56:e18-e19. [PMID: 33069676 PMCID: PMC7546256 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcjo.2020.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Edward Margolin
- University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ont
| | - Radha P Kohly
- University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ont..
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49
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Garcia-Huidobro D, Rivera S, Valderrama Chang S, Bravo P, Capurro D. System-Wide Accelerated Implementation of Telemedicine in Response to COVID-19: Mixed Methods Evaluation. J Med Internet Res 2020; 22:e22146. [PMID: 32903195 PMCID: PMC7541041 DOI: 10.2196/22146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2020] [Revised: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background As the COVID-19 pandemic disrupted medical practice, telemedicine emerged as an alternative to outpatient visits. However, it is not known how patients and physicians responded to an accelerated implementation of this model of medical care. Objective The aim of this study is to report the system-wide accelerated implementation of telemedicine, compare patient satisfaction between telemedicine and in-person visits, and report provider perceptions. Methods This study was conducted at the UC Christus Health Network, a large private academic health network in Santiago, Chile. The satisfaction of patients receiving telemedicine care in March and April 2020 was compared to those receiving in-person care during the same period (concurrent control group) as well as in March and April 2019 (retrospective control group). Patient satisfaction with in-person care was measured using the Net Promoter Score (NPS) survey. Patient satisfaction with telemedicine was assessed with an online survey assessing similar domains. Providers rated their satisfaction and responded to open-ended questions assessing challenges, strategies used to address challenges, the diagnostic process, treatment, and the patient-provider relationship. Results A total of 3962 patients receiving telemedicine, 1187 patients from the concurrent control group, and 1848 patients from the retrospective control group completed the surveys. Satisfaction was very high with both telemedicine and in-person services. Overall, 263 physicians from over 41 specialties responded to the survey. During telemedicine visits, most providers felt their clinical skills were challenged (61.8%). Female providers felt more challenged than male providers (70.7% versus 50.9%, P=.002). Surgeons, obstetricians, and gynecologists felt their clinical skills were challenged the least, compared to providers from nonsurgical specialties (P<.001). Challenges related to the delivery modality, diagnostic process, and patient-provider relationship differed by provider specialty (P=.046, P<.001, and P=.02, respectively). Conclusions Telemedicine implemented in response to the COVID-19 pandemic produced high patient and provider satisfaction. Specialty groups perceived the impact of this new mode of clinical practice differently.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Garcia-Huidobro
- Department of Family Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Solange Rivera
- Department of Family Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Sebastián Valderrama Chang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Office of Innovation and Digital Transformation, UC Christus Health Network, Santiago, Chile
| | - Paula Bravo
- Office of Innovation and Digital Transformation, UC Christus Health Network, Santiago, Chile
| | - Daniel Capurro
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,School of Computing and Information Systems, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.,Centre for Digital Transformation of Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
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Merson C, Navas Gonzalez FJ, Orth E, Adams A, McLean A. Back in the saddle: student response to remote online equine science classes. Transl Anim Sci 2020; 4:txaa218. [PMID: 33403358 PMCID: PMC7717350 DOI: 10.1093/tas/txaa218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has challenged professors and students of all disciplines to adjust quickly to remote online teaching and education platforms. In this new era of remote teaching, a greater challenge has been presented in the field of equine science; how to effectively share knowledge that is most often demonstrated by providing students access to live, in-person animal examples. Historically, students and teachers believed skill sets, which are vital for future careers in the industry (e.g., veterinarian) must be learned through hands-on experience. However, in-person methods were not available, so students were taught through the Zoom platform. Students enrolled in various levels of equine science classes were invited to complete a short voluntary questionnaire measuring their response and perception to equine courses taught in an entirely online remote setting by the same professor. One group was comprised of undergraduates majoring in the field (n = 44) in upper level equine science courses, Advanced Equine Reproduction Physiology and/or Equine Enterprise. These students, 41 females and 3 males, ranged in age from 20 to 25 yr, were provided a voluntary questionnaire seeking responses related to the perceived effectiveness and individual preferences of in-class lectures and in-person labs vs. remote online teaching practices. A similar questionnaire was offered on a volunteer basis to precollege students (n = 17). These students, female, high-school students from freshman to senior status (14-18 yr of age), were interested in equine science as a major at UC Davis in the future. This questionnaire evaluated their response to a 2-week remote synchronous online equine science course, which included multiple teaching methods, including lectures, mini labs, and full labs. Responses from both populations suggested that equine courses were perceived as effective when offered as online, remote courses. Live (synchronous) classes and labs offered on Zoom increased engagement and interaction, but students also appreciated the opportunity to access recorded materials. Students responded positively to online remote teaching and found courses to be effective for increasing their knowledge about equine science in an engaging manner, despite their continued preference for in-person instruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Courtney Merson
- University of California Davis, International Division of Continuing and Professional Education, Davis, CA
| | | | - Emma Orth
- University of California Davis, Animal Biology, Davis, CA
| | - Anneli Adams
- University of California Davis, International Division of Continuing and Professional Education, Davis, CA
| | - Amy McLean
- University of California Davis, Animal Science, Davis, CA
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