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Liang X, He X, Liu Q, Ren Y, Xu S, Chen L, Wang F, Bi Y, Peng Z. The impact of dietary and sleep rhythms on blood pressure in children and adolescents: a cross-sectional study. Hypertens Res 2024; 47:649-662. [PMID: 37919430 DOI: 10.1038/s41440-023-01493-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
Evidence about the relationship between meal and sleep time and CVD in children is scarce. The aims of this study were to describe the association between life rhythm patterns and blood pressure in children. This research was conducted among 5,608 children aged 6 to 15 years old in Chongqing and Sichuan provinces in 2021 and 2022. Dietary and sleep rhythms information was collected. The time of the first meal and last meal, and sleep time, were obtained. The mean age was 10.48 ± 2.24 years old, with 2958 (52.75%) male participants. The mean feeding window on weekdays was 11.69 h, 12.42 h, and 13.23 h for participants aged 6-7 years old, 8-12 years old and 13-15 years old, respectively. Weekday feeding window and last mealtime were positively correlated with blood pressure levels. And the changes in the feeding window between weekdays and weekends were significantly correlated with BP. Sleep duration and change in wake time were significantly correlated with SBP. Based on these results, this study identified the optimal combination of dietary and sleep rhythm interventions for children younger than 12 years of age and aged 12 and older, respectively. Disorder dietary and sleep rhythms disorders may correlate with elevated blood pressure levels, suggesting developing optimal dietary and sleep rhythm patterns could prevent the incidence of CVDs in children. The optimal dietary rhythm was defined by the indexes of breakfast time, dinner time and daily feeding window. As good meal patterns are defined as satisfied the following three items: for children younger than 12 years should have breakfast after 7:30 am; aged 12 years and over should have breakfast after 7 am; having dinner before 6 pm; daily feeding window less than 12.5 h. And less optimal dietary rhythm should satisfy any condition or eat dinner between 6 pm and 8 pm; and poor dietary rhythm should not satisfy any of the three criteria and eat dinner after 8 pm. Children with optimal dietary rhythm (in group A) had lower SBP (P < 0.001), DBP (P = 0.002) and MAP (P < 0.001) than those in group C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohua Liang
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing, 400016, China.
| | - Xiangqian He
- College of Medical Informatics, Medical Data Science Academy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, China
| | - Qin Liu
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Yanling Ren
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Sipei Xu
- The First Department of Clinical Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, P. R. China
| | - Lan Chen
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Fengming Wang
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Yang Bi
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Zhilian Peng
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Jiulongpo District, Chongqing, China
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Brady SM, Salway R, Mariapun J, Millard L, Ramadas A, Rizal H, Skinner A, Stone C, Johnson L, Su TT, Armstrong MEG. Accelerometer-measured 24-hour movement behaviours over 7 days in Malaysian children and adolescents: A cross-sectional study. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0297102. [PMID: 38377079 PMCID: PMC10878504 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0297102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Quantifying movement behaviours over 24-hours enables the combined effects of and inter-relations between sleep, sedentary time and physical activity (PA) to be understood. This is the first study describing 24-hour movement behaviours in school-aged children and adolescents in South-East Asia. Further aims were to investigate between-participant differences in movement behaviours by demographic characteristics and timing of data collection during Ramadan and COVID-19 restrictions. METHODS Data came from the South-East Asia Community Observatory health surveillance cohort, 2021-2022. Children aged 7-18 years within selected households in Segamat, Malaysia wore an Axivity AX6 accelerometer on their wrist for 24 hours/day over 7 days, completed the PAQ-C questionnaire, and demographic information was obtained. Accelerometer data was processed using GGIR to determine time spent asleep, inactive, in light-intensity PA (LPA) and moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA). Differences in accelerometer-measured PA by demographic characteristics (sex, age, ethnicity, socioeconomic group) were explored using univariate linear regression. Differences between data collected during vs outside Ramadan or during vs after COVID-19 restrictions, were investigated through univariate and multiple linear regressions, adjusted for age, sex and ethnicity. RESULTS The 491 participants providing accelerometer data spent 8.2 (95% confidence interval (CI) = 7.9-8.4) hours/day asleep, 12.4 (95% CI = 12.2-12.7) hours/day inactive, 2.8 (95% CI = 2.7-2.9) hours/day in LPA, and 33.0 (95% CI = 31.0-35.1) minutes/day in MVPA. Greater PA and less time inactive were observed in boys vs girls, children vs adolescents, Indian and Chinese vs Malay children and higher income vs lower income households. Data collection during Ramadan or during COVID-19 restrictions were not associated with MVPA engagement after adjustment for demographic characteristics. CONCLUSIONS Demographic characteristics remained the strongest correlates of accelerometer-measured 24-hour movement behaviours in Malaysian children and adolescents. Future studies should seek to understand why predominantly girls, adolescents and children from Malay ethnicities have particularly low movement behaviours within Malaysia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophia M. Brady
- Centre for Exercise, Nutrition & Health Sciences, School for Policy Studies, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Ruth Salway
- Centre for Exercise, Nutrition & Health Sciences, School for Policy Studies, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Jeevitha Mariapun
- Clinical School Johor Bahru, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Malaysia, Malaysia
| | - Louise Millard
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Amutha Ramadas
- Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Malaysia, Malaysia
| | - Hussein Rizal
- Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Malaysia, Malaysia
| | - Andy Skinner
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Chris Stone
- Integrative Cancer Epidemiology Programme, MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, and School of Psychological Science, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Laura Johnson
- Centre for Exercise, Nutrition & Health Sciences, School for Policy Studies, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Tin Tin Su
- Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Malaysia, Malaysia
- South East Asia Community Observatory (SEACO), Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Malaysia, Malaysia
| | - Miranda E. G. Armstrong
- Centre for Exercise, Nutrition & Health Sciences, School for Policy Studies, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
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Mohd Saat NZ, Abd Talib R, Alarsan SF, Saadeh N, Shahrour G. Risk Factors of Overweight and Obesity Among School Children Aged 6 to 18 Years: A Scoping Review. NUTRITION AND DIETARY SUPPLEMENTS 2023; Volume 15:63-76. [DOI: 10.2147/nds.s420370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
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Gomes S, Ramalhete C, Ferreira I, Bicho M, Valente A. Sleep Patterns, Eating Behavior and the Risk of Noncommunicable Diseases. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15112462. [PMID: 37299426 DOI: 10.3390/nu15112462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Sleep is extremely important for the homeostasis of the organism. In recent years, various studies have been carried out to address factors related to sleep patterns and their influence on food choices, as well as on the onset of chronic noncommunicable diseases. The aim of this article is to provide a scientific literature review on the possible role of sleep patterns on eating behavior and the risk of noncommunicable diseases. A search was performed on Medline (PubMed interface) using several keywords (e.g., "Factors Influencing Sleep" OR "Sleep and Chronic Diseases"). Articles published between 2000 and the present date that relate sleep to cyclic metabolic processes and changes in eating behavior were selected. Changes in sleep patterns are increasingly detected today, and these modifications are mainly caused by work and lifestyle conditions as well as a growing dependence on electronic devices. Sleep deprivation and the resultant short sleep duration lead to an increased appetite via an increase in the hunger hormone (ghrelin) and a decrease in the satiety hormone (leptin). Nowadays, sleep is undervalued, and thus often impaired, with consequences for the performance of various body systems. Sleep deprivation alters physiological homeostasis and influences eating behavior as well as the onset of chronic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Gomes
- ATLÂNTICA-University Institute, 2730-036 Barcarena, Portugal
| | - Cátia Ramalhete
- ATLÂNTICA-University Institute, 2730-036 Barcarena, Portugal
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Isabel Ferreira
- ATLÂNTICA-University Institute, 2730-036 Barcarena, Portugal
- Ecogenetics and Human Health Research Group, Environmental Health Institute (ISAMB), Associate Laboratory TERRA, Faculty of Medicine (FMUL), University of Lisbon, 1649-028 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Manuel Bicho
- Ecogenetics and Human Health Research Group, Environmental Health Institute (ISAMB), Associate Laboratory TERRA, Faculty of Medicine (FMUL), University of Lisbon, 1649-028 Lisbon, Portugal
- Instituto de Investigação Científica Bento da Rocha Cabral, Calçada Bento da Rocha Cabral 14, 1250-012 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Ana Valente
- ATLÂNTICA-University Institute, 2730-036 Barcarena, Portugal
- Ecogenetics and Human Health Research Group, Environmental Health Institute (ISAMB), Associate Laboratory TERRA, Faculty of Medicine (FMUL), University of Lisbon, 1649-028 Lisbon, Portugal
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Ramírez-Contreras C, Santamaría-Orleans A, Izquierdo-Pulido M, Zerón-Rugerio MF. Sleep dimensions are associated with obesity, poor diet quality and eating behaviors in school-aged children. Front Nutr 2022; 9:959503. [PMID: 36211495 PMCID: PMC9539562 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.959503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives The aim of this cross-sectional study was to investigate the association between sleep dimensions (duration, patterns, and disturbances) with body mass index (BMI), diet quality, and eating behaviors in school-aged children. Additionally, we aimed to investigate whether obesogenic eating behaviors (higher food responsiveness, lower satiety responsiveness, and less slowness in eating) and poor diet quality could mediate the potential association between sleep and obesity in school-aged children. Materials and methods For all participants (n = 588 children, age 5–12 years; 51% girls) we evaluated: sleep dimensions, BMI, diet quality, eating behaviors (food responsiveness, satiety responsiveness and slowness in eating). Linear regression models were used to test associations between exposure and outcome variables. Additionally, path analysis was conducted to test whether eating behaviors mediated the relationship between sleep and obesity. Results Shorter sleep duration (β = −0.722, p = 0.009) and greater sleep disturbances (β = 0.031, p = 0.012) were significantly associated with BMI. Additionally, we observed that diet quality was significantly associated with sleep duration (β = 0.430, p = 0.004), the midpoint of sleep (β = −0.927, p < 0.001), and sleep disturbances (β = −0.029, p < 0.001). Among other findings, greater sleep disturbances were associated with food responsiveness (β = 0.017, p < 0.001), satiety responsiveness (β = 0.015, p < 0.001), and slowness in eating (β = 0.012, p < 0.001). Importantly, food responsiveness was found as significant mediator of the relationship between sleep and BMI (R = 0.427, R2 = 0.182, p < 0.001). Conclusions Late sleep patterns, short sleep duration, and greater sleep disturbances are significantly related with what and how school-aged children eat. Importantly, poor diet quality was significantly related to all three sleep dimensions, while eating behaviors had a significant relationship with greater sleep disturbances. These findings may be relevant to the development of behavioral targets to prevent childhood obesity, including sleep hygiene guidelines as a strategy to improve children's eating habits, as well as their BMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catalina Ramírez-Contreras
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Gastronomy, Food Science Torribera Campus, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- INSA-UB, Nutrition and Food Safety Research Institute, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Maria Izquierdo-Pulido
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Gastronomy, Food Science Torribera Campus, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- INSA-UB, Nutrition and Food Safety Research Institute, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - María Fernanda Zerón-Rugerio
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Gastronomy, Food Science Torribera Campus, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- INSA-UB, Nutrition and Food Safety Research Institute, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- *Correspondence: María Fernanda Zerón-Rugerio
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Sfeir E, Haddad C, Akel M, Hallit S, Obeid S. Sleep disorders in a sample of Lebanese children: the role of parental mental health and child nutrition and activity. BMC Pediatr 2021; 21:324. [PMID: 34301219 PMCID: PMC8298696 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-021-02795-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sleep habits are an important component of a child's health and it is affected by parent-child relationship. Also, child's diet and nutrition appear to be an important factor affecting sleep health. Few studies have addressed the effect of parental emotional disturbance that can leave on children's sleep. Therefore, the objective of our study was to assess the prevalence of sleep disorders in pre- and school-aged children and evaluate its relation with parental mental health and child's nutrition and activity. METHODS A cross-sectional study, conducted between October 2020 and January 2021, which enrolled 402 Lebanese parents from all over Lebanon. The questionnaire was distributed online using the snowball technique. The Pediatric Sleep Questionnaire (PSQ) was used to assess pediatric sleep behaviors and the Family Nutrition and physical activity questionnaire was used to assess parental behaviors that might predispose children for obesity. RESULTS A total of 76 (19%) children had sleep disorders (PSQ scores of 8 or more). The multivariable analysis showed that higher paternal depression (Beta = 0.079, p = 0.010), maternal depression (Beta = 0.089, p = 0.001) and higher anxiety in the father (Beta = 0.064, p = 0.021) were significantly associated with higher PSQ scores (worse sleep) in the child. Higher Family Nutrition and Physical Activity Screening Tool scores in the child (Beta = -0.161, p < 0.001) was significantly associated with lower PSQ scores (better sleep). CONCLUSION Paternal anxiety and depression, as well as maternal depression, were factors associated with children's sleeping disorders. Future studies are needed to assess parental influence on child's development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elsa Sfeir
- Faculty of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik (USEK), Jounieh, Lebanon
| | - Chadia Haddad
- Tropical Neuroepidemiology, Institute of Epidemiology and Tropical Neurology, INSERM, Univ. Limoges, IRD, GEIST, U1094, Limoges, France
- Research Department, Psychiatric Hospital of the Cross, Jal Eddib, Lebanon
| | - Marwan Akel
- INSPECT-LB (Institut National de Santé Publique, D'Épidémiologie Clinique Et de Toxicologie-Liban), Beirut, Lebanon
- School of Pharmacy, Lebanese International University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Souheil Hallit
- Faculty of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik (USEK), Jounieh, Lebanon.
- INSPECT-LB (Institut National de Santé Publique, D'Épidémiologie Clinique Et de Toxicologie-Liban), Beirut, Lebanon.
| | - Sahar Obeid
- Research Department, Psychiatric Hospital of the Cross, Jal Eddib, Lebanon.
- INSPECT-LB (Institut National de Santé Publique, D'Épidémiologie Clinique Et de Toxicologie-Liban), Beirut, Lebanon.
- Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik (USEK), Jounieh, Lebanon.
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Karadag M, Yilmaz GC. What is the relationship between obesity and new circadian rhythm parameters in Turkish children and adolescents? A case-control study. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 2021; 34:713-720. [PMID: 33818046 DOI: 10.1515/jpem-2020-0543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although the relationship between circadian rhythm parameters and obesity in children and adolescents is recognized, there are few studies on this topic. The concept of sleep-corrected social jetlag (SJLsc) has been formulated recently, but its relationship with childhood obesity has not yet been established. Therefore, we thought that SJL might play an important role in the etiology of obesity. Accordingly, we aimed to compare circadian rhythm parameters between obese and normal-weight children and adolescents. METHODS Seventy-nine obese and eighty-two normal-weight children and adolescents aged between 8 and 17 years participated in this case-control study, which took place in the Mardin province of Turkey. Data were collected with a sociodemographic information form, the Childhood Chronotype Questionnaire, and anthropometric measurements. RESULTS The average ages of the obese participants and controls were 12.3 ± 2.3 and 12.4 ± 2.2 years, respectively. Obese young people had greater evening preference, longer sleep debt duration, SJL duration and SJLsc duration, and higher Morningness-Eveningness Scale (MeScale) scores; and shorter mean sleep duration (p<0.005). In regression analyses, BMI z scores were significantly correlated with all circadian rhythm parameters, except SJLsc duration, while WC z scores were significantly correlated with all circadian rhythm parameters, except mean sleep duration. After adjustment, the high MeScale scores (OR: 1.142, p<0.05) and the presence of psychiatric disorder in the mother (OR: 15.075, p<0.05) were associated with obesity. CONCLUSIONS Circadian rhythm parameters can play an important role in the etiology of obesity. Future studies with larger samples and fewer confounding factors are needed to clarify the etiological factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Karadag
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Medical School, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep, Turkey
| | - Gulay Can Yilmaz
- Pediatric Endocrinology Department, Medical School, Mugla Sitki Kocman University, Mugla, Turkey
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Eow SY, Gan WY, Lim PY, Awang H, Mohd Shariff Z. Factors associated with autism severity among Malaysian children with Autism Spectrum Disorder. RESEARCH IN DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES 2020; 100:103632. [PMID: 32179381 DOI: 10.1016/j.ridd.2020.103632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2020] [Revised: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) of different levels of symptom severity may exhibit a wide range of behaviours and characteristics. There is a limited nutrition-related study on children with ASD of different severity in Malaysia. AIMS This cross-sectional study aims to determine the association between sociodemographic factors, parental factors, and lifestyle factors with autism severity in children with ASD. METHODS AND PROCEDURES A total of 224 children with ASD were included in this study. Their mothers completed a self-administered questionnaire on sociodemographic characteristics, autism severity, parenting style, parental feeding practices, parenting stress, child's sleep habits and eating behaviours. OUTCOMES AND RESULTS As high as 78.1 % of the children with ASD demonstrated a high level of autism severity. Multiple linear regression showed that father's employment status (B = 6.970, 95 % CI = 3.172, 10.768, p < 0.001) and perceived child weight (B = 3.338, 95 % CI = 1.350, 5.327, p = 0.001) predicted autism severity. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Children with ASD in this study had a high level of autism severity. Regular anthropometric measurements by healthcare professionals should be conducted at the autism intervention centres. It is important to have multidisciplinary collaboration in future research to develop customised guidelines for parents with autistic children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiang Yen Eow
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Wan Ying Gan
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Poh Ying Lim
- Department of Community Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Hamidin Awang
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Zalilah Mohd Shariff
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
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Phillips SR, Johnson AH, Shirey MR, Rice M. Sleep Quality in School-Aged Children: A Concept Analysis. J Pediatr Nurs 2020; 52:54-63. [PMID: 32179378 PMCID: PMC7285623 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedn.2020.02.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Revised: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shameka R Phillips
- The University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Nursing, Birmingham, Alabama, United States of America.
| | - Ann H Johnson
- Texas Christian University Harris College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Fort Worth, Texas, United States of America.
| | - Maria R Shirey
- The University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Nursing, Birmingham, Alabama, United States of America.
| | - Marti Rice
- The University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Nursing, Birmingham, Alabama, United States of America.
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Self-Reported Sleep Quality Using the Malay Version of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI-M) In Malaysian Adults. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16234750. [PMID: 31783607 PMCID: PMC6926836 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16234750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Revised: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
(1) Background: The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) is a useful tool for the assessment of subjective sleep quality in non-clinical and clinical settings. This study aimed to determine sleep quality in a general Malaysian adult population using a validated Malay version of the Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI-M); (2) Methods: The original PSQI was translated into Malay following forward and backward translation guidelines. The final Malay version was administered to a sample of healthy working adults (n = 106; mean age: 35.3 ± 7.6 years) without history of sleep disorders. Reliability and agreement were assessed using Cronbach’s alpha, intra-class correlations coefficient (ICC), standard error of measurement (SEM), and Bland–Altman plot. Convergent validity of PSQI-M was examined with the Malay version of Epworth sleepiness scale (ESS-M) using Pearson’s correlation coefficient; (3) Results: Overall mean PSQI global score was 5.25 ± 1.85. About 45% of the sample had PSQI global score >5, indicating poor sleep quality. Total sleep duration per night was 5.95 ± 1.05 h, below the recommended amount. Sleep quality seems to be affected by age but not gender. Internal consistency as measured by Cronbach’s alpha in the whole sample was 0.74, with test–retest reliability (ICC) of 0.58 and SEM of 1.34. The PSQI test–retest scores indicated that most of the respondents (90%) lay within the 95% limits of agreement. The PSQI-M also showed significant correlation with ESS-M scores (r = 0.37, p < 0.01); (4) Conclusion: The PSQI-M showed acceptable reliability and is valid to be used in a general Malaysian adult population. Findings also indicate that a majority of the adults in our sample were experiencing inadequate sleep, thus further research is needed to identify the factors associated with poor sleep quality.
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Onvani S, Mortazavi Najafabadi M, Haghighatdoost F, Larijani B, Azadbakht L. Short sleep duration is related to kidney-related biomarkers, but not lipid profile and diet quality in diabetic nephropathy patients. INT J VITAM NUTR RES 2019; 88:39-49. [PMID: 31038033 DOI: 10.1024/0300-9831/a000392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Objectives: Diabetic nephropathy may adversely influence on sleep duration. The quality of diet may also be affected by both sleep duration and diabetes nephropathy. Therefore, lower diet quality in short sleepers-diabetic nephropathy patients might be related to higher metabolic abnormalities. In the present study, we investigated if sleep duration is related to diet quality indices and biochemical markers in diabetic nephropathy patients. Method: This cross-sectional study was conducted among 237 diabetic nephropathy patients, randomly selected from patients attending in the Alzahra University Hospital, Isfahan, Iran. Usual dietary intake was assessed using validated food frequency questionnaire. Diet quality indices (including diet diversity score, dietary energy density, mean adequacy ratio, and nutrient adequacy ratio) were calculated based on standard definitions. Sleep duration was estimated using self-reported nocturnal hours of sleep. Results: Short sleepers (5-6 h) had higher blood urea nitrogen and creatinine compared with those who slept more than 7.5 h (20.26 + 0.23 mg/dl vs. 17.61 + 0.30 mg/dl, P < 0.0001, and 1.98 + 0.27 mg/dl vs. 1.90 + 0.24 mg/dl, P = 0.03, respectively). Serum triglyceride levels were positively correlated with sleep duration (P = 0.02). Diet quality indices were not significantly associated with sleep duration. Conclusion: Higher sleep duration is significantly related to lower kidney-related biomarkers in diabetic nephropathy patients. Diet quality indices were not associated with sleep duration in diabetic nephropathy patients. More longitudinal studies are required to evaluate the associations of sleep duration, diet quality and biochemical markers in diabetic nephropathy patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shokouh Onvani
- 1 Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.,2 Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | | | - Fahimeh Haghighatdoost
- 1 Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.,2 Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Bagher Larijani
- 4 Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Leila Azadbakht
- 1 Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.,2 Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.,5 Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medicl Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,6 Diabetes Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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12
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Kamal Nor N, Ghozali AH, Ismail J. Prevalence of Overweight and Obesity Among Children and Adolescents With Autism Spectrum Disorder and Associated Risk Factors. Front Pediatr 2019; 7:38. [PMID: 30842939 PMCID: PMC6391908 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2019.00038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2018] [Accepted: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Prevalence of obesity in Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) has been reported to be higher than in the general population. Determining prevalence may help increase awareness of obesity in ASD and potentially lead to initiatives to reduce obesity. In order to understand obesity in ASD children, common risk factors were assessed including physical activity, feeding problems and sleep disturbances. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study performed at the Child Development Center at Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Center on 151 ASD children aged 2-18 years. Anthropometric and demographic information were obtained and parents completed three questionnaires; Children Sleep Habits Questionnaire (CSHQ), Physical Activity for Older Children Questionnaire (PAQ-C) and Brief Autism Mealtime Behavior Questionnaire (BAMBI). Results: For ASD children in our sample, the prevalence of overweight (BMI ≥85th to <95th percentiles) was 11.3% and the prevalence of obesity (BMI ≥95th percentile) was 21.9%. The overweight/obese ASD children's median age was higher at 8.5 years (IQR 5.81-10.13) compared to the normal/underweight group of 6.33 years (IQR 4.75-7.7) with a p-value of 0.001. The two groups also differed significantly for maternal BMI and paternal age. The median maternal BMI in the overweight/obese group was 26.05 (IQR 23.35-32.25), statistically significantly higher (p = 0.003) than in the non-overweight/obese group, 24.7 (IQR 21-27.9). The median paternal age of 40 years (IQR 37-44) was statistically significantly higher (p = 0.039) in the overweight/obese group, compared to the median paternal age in the non-overweight/obese group of 38 (IQR 35-42). The male overweight/obese children had median PAQ-C score of 2.44 (IQR 2.00-3.00) vs. 2.89 (IQR 2.35-3.53) in the counterpart group with a p-value of 0.01. Using the multiple linear regression stepwise method, three predictors associated with BMI percentiles reached a statistical level of significance; PAQ-C score in males (p < 0.001), the BAMBI domains of Food Refusal (p = 0.001) and Limited Variety of Food (p = 0.001). Conclusions: The prevalence of obesity and overweight is high among Malaysian ASD children and adolescents. Older child age, high maternal BMI, older paternal age, low physical activity, low likelihood of food refusal and high likelihood of food selectivity were found to be risk factors for high BMI in these children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norazlin Kamal Nor
- Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, UKM Medical Center, The National University of Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Azilawati Hanim Ghozali
- Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, UKM Medical Center, The National University of Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Juriza Ismail
- Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, UKM Medical Center, The National University of Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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13
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Stoner L, Beets MW, Brazendale K, Moore JB, Weaver RG. Social Jetlag Is Associated With Adiposity in Children. Glob Pediatr Health 2018; 5:2333794X18816921. [PMID: 30547059 PMCID: PMC6287324 DOI: 10.1177/2333794x18816921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2018] [Revised: 11/04/2018] [Accepted: 11/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Lee Stoner
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC, USA
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14
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Zhou M, Lalani C, Banda JA, Robinson TN. Sleep duration, timing, variability and measures of adiposity among 8- to 12-year-old children with obesity. Obes Sci Pract 2018; 4:535-544. [PMID: 30574347 PMCID: PMC6298203 DOI: 10.1002/osp4.303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2018] [Revised: 09/23/2018] [Accepted: 09/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Sleep disruption in laboratory studies increases adiposity and decreases glucose tolerance. However, few epidemiological studies have used objective measures of sleep. This study aims to assess associations between sleep duration, timing and regularity with measures of adiposity. METHODS This is a cross-sectional study of 188 children with obesity (age: 10.50 ± 1.39 years; body mass index: 29.24 ± 5.04 kg m-2). Nightly sleep duration, bedtime and wake time were measured by multiple-day actigraphy and parent reports. Per cent overweight (per cent over median body mass index for age and sex) was chosen as the primary measure of obesity status. Objective measures of height, weight, waist circumference, blood pressure, fasting blood lipids, glucose, insulin, glycated haemoglobin and C-reactive protein were obtained. Television screen time and total caloric intake were assessed via parent questionnaire. RESULTS Each hour later in weekday bedtime was associated with an additional 6.17 per cent overweight (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.42-10.92). Each hour greater in day-to-day variability in weekday bedtime and weekday wake time was associated with an additional 10.20 (95% CI: 0.50-19.91) and 10.02 (95% CI: 1.55-18.50) per cent overweight, respectively. Associations were similar after controlling for other obesity-related behaviours (television screen time, total caloric intake and physical activity.). CONCLUSIONS Among children with obesity, later bedtime and greater variability in bedtime and wake time are associated with greater adiposity, independent of other obesity-related behaviours. Early bedtime and wake time and consistent day-to-day sleep timing may be strategies to reduce adiposity in high-risk children.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Zhou
- Stanford University School of MedicineStanfordCAUSA
| | - C. Lalani
- Stanford University School of MedicineStanfordCAUSA
| | - J. A. Banda
- Department of Health and KinesiologyPurdue UniversityWest LafayetteINUSA
| | - T. N. Robinson
- Stanford Solutions Science Lab and Division of General Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics and Stanford Prevention Research Center, Department of MedicineStanford UniversityStanfordCAUSA
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15
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Yen Y, Shi Y, Soeung B, Seng R, Dy C, Suy R, Ngin K. The associated risk factors for underweight and overweight high school students in Cambodia. Diabetes Metab Syndr 2018; 12:737-742. [PMID: 29706310 DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2018.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2018] [Accepted: 04/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Overweight and underweight are one of the leading risk factors for non-communicable diseases (NCDs), but little research on this area has been undertaken in Cambodia. Therefore, this study aimed to measure underweight and overweight and their associated risk behaviors among Cambodian high school students. METHODS 3806 students (mean ag = 15.65 years, SD = 1.80, age range = 11-18 years) from the 2013 Cambodia-Global School-based Student Health Survey were used to yield representative samples of the Cambodian students. Body Mass Index (BMI) was assessed by students' self-reported height and weight. The substance use, depression, eating behaviors, suicidal ideation, and violence were examined as risk factors. The Chi-square and multinomial regressions were performed to assess the relationships between risk factors and BMI. RESULTS The prevalence of underweight was 47.4% (N = 1805, Male = 23.3%vs.24.1%) and overweight was 2.3% (N = 89, Male = 1.0%vs.1.3%). The BMI was significantly controlled by age, gender, and body height. Both underweight and overweight students were significantly vulnerable to substance use, feeling depressed, and violent behaviors. Of the risk factors, shortest sleep was prevalent for underweight students while feeling lonely and suicide attempts were the critical risks for overweight students. The daily fruit/vegetable consumption and physical activity were good preventive factors of both underweight and overweight epidemics. CONCLUSIONS The risk behaviors of students appear to be strongly associated with underweight and overweight. Interventions targeting these risk behaviors may have the potential to reduce risks. Meanwhile, the preventive strategies should focus on vulnerable students who have poor academic performance, mental health issues and a history of violent experiences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yat Yen
- School of Public Affairs, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China; Department of Social Work, National Institute of Social Affairs, Phnom Penh, Cambodia.
| | - Yumin Shi
- School of Public Affairs, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China.
| | - Bunly Soeung
- Faculty of Social Sciences, Svay Rieng University, Svay Rieng, Cambodia.
| | - Ratny Seng
- School of Management, Xi'an Jiao Tong University, Xi'an, Shannxi, China.
| | - Channy Dy
- Faculty of Education, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China.
| | - Rathny Suy
- School of Public Affairs, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China.
| | - Kimlong Ngin
- Department of Computer Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.
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16
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Stoner L, Castro N, Signal L, Skidmore P, Faulkner J, Lark S, Williams MA, Muller D, Harrex H. Sleep and Adiposity in Preadolescent Children: The Importance of Social Jetlag. Child Obes 2018; 14:158-164. [PMID: 29298086 DOI: 10.1089/chi.2017.0272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND While short and poor quality sleep have been associated with childhood obesity, no known studies have examined social jetlag. Social jetlag is the discrepancy between an individual's circadian clock and social rhythms, and is measured as the difference in hours between the midpoint of sleep during work/school days and on free (weekend) days. This study investigated the independent associations between sleep duration, sleep disturbances, and social jetlag with adiposity in children. METHODS A cross-sectional study, including 341 children (50% female) aged 8-10 years. Five dependent variables: body fat (%), fat mass (kg), fat mass index (FMI, kg/m2), waist to hip ratio, and body mass index (kg/m2). Three independent variables: average sleep duration, sleep disturbances, and social jetlag. RESULTS Following adjustment for confounders, sleep duration was not associated with any variable, and sleep disturbances were associated with FMI (β = 0.047, 95% CI: 0.002, 0.093 kg/m2), while social jetlag was associated with all five adiposity variables, including an absolute 3% greater body fat (β = 2.963, 95% CI: 0.40, 5.53%) per 1 hour of social jetlag. CONCLUSIONS Social jetlag may be an important and measurable public health target in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lee Stoner
- 1 Department of Exercise and Sport Science, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Nicholas Castro
- 2 School of Sport and Exercise, Massey University , Wellington, New Zealand .,3 Speep-Wake Research Centre, Massey University , Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Leigh Signal
- 4 Department of Human Nutrition, University of Otago , Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Paula Skidmore
- 5 Sport and Exercise, University of Winchester , Winchester, United Kingdom
| | - James Faulkner
- 6 Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health , Boston, MA
| | - Sally Lark
- 2 School of Sport and Exercise, Massey University , Wellington, New Zealand .,3 Speep-Wake Research Centre, Massey University , Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Michelle A Williams
- 6 Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health , Boston, MA
| | - Diane Muller
- 4 Department of Human Nutrition, University of Otago , Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Harriet Harrex
- 5 Sport and Exercise, University of Winchester , Winchester, United Kingdom
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17
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Zhang J, Zhang Y, Jiang Y, Sun W, Zhu Q, Ip P, Zhang D, Liu S, Chen C, Chen J, Zhang L, Zhang H, Tang M, Dong W, Wu Y, Yin Y, Jiang F. Effect of Sleep Duration, Diet, and Physical Activity on Obesity and Overweight Elementary School Students in Shanghai. THE JOURNAL OF SCHOOL HEALTH 2018; 88:112-121. [PMID: 29333647 DOI: 10.1111/josh.12583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2016] [Revised: 05/11/2017] [Accepted: 06/15/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This was a cross-sectional survey to investigate the relationship of age, parent education, sleep duration, physical activity, and dietary habits with overweight or obesity in school-age children in Shanghai. METHODS The survey gathered information from 13,001 children in grades 1 through 5 (age 6 to 10 years) among 26 elementary schools in 7 districts. Activity level was evaluated using the International Children's Leisure Activities Study Survey Questionnaire (CLASS-C). The definitions of normal, overweight, and obese were adjusted for each age. RESULTS Logistic regression analysis indicated that age, being male, having ≤10 hours of sleep on non-school days, eating ≥1 vegetable/day, or drinking ≥1 sugar-sweetened drink/day increased the risk for a child being overweight or obese compared with having >10 hours of sleep or ≤3 vegetables or ≤3 sugar-sweetened drinks/month (p ≤ .008). Having >2 hours of outdoor activities on non-school days reduced the risk of being overweight or obese compared with ≤2 hours of outdoor activities on non-school days (p < .001). CONCLUSIONS We found that age, sex, sleep, and some dietary habits impacted weight, and suggests that specific cultural and economic factors may impact risk of a child being overweight or obese.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - YunTing Zhang
- Child Health Advocacy Institute, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - YanRui Jiang
- Developmental-Behavioral Pediatrics, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - WanQi Sun
- Developmental-Behavioral Pediatrics, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qi Zhu
- Developmental-Behavioral Pediatrics, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Patrick Ip
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, 102 Pok Fu Lam Road, Hong Kong, China
| | - DongLan Zhang
- Child Health Advocacy Institute, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - ShiJian Liu
- Pediatric Translational Medicine Institute, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Public Health and School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chang Chen
- Pediatric Translational Medicine Institute, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Public Health and School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Chen
- Sleep Disorders Center, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - MingYu Tang
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - WenFang Dong
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - YuFeng Wu
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yong Yin
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No 1678, DongFang Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Fan Jiang
- Sleep Disorders Center, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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18
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Zaharan NL, Muhamad NH, Jalaludin MY, Su TT, Mohamed Z, Mohamed MNA, A. Majid H. Non-Synonymous Single-Nucleotide Polymorphisms and Physical Activity Interactions on Adiposity Parameters in Malaysian Adolescents. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2018; 9:209. [PMID: 29755414 PMCID: PMC5934415 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2018.00209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2017] [Accepted: 04/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several non-synonymous single-nucleotide polymorphisms (nsSNPs) have been shown to be associated with obesity. Little is known about their associations and interactions with physical activity (PA) in relation to adiposity parameters among adolescents in Malaysia. METHODS We examined whether (a) PA and (b) selected nsSNPs are associated with adiposity parameters and whether PA interacts with these nsSNPs on these outcomes in adolescents from the Malaysian Health and Adolescents Longitudinal Research Team study (n = 1,151). Body mass indices, waist-hip ratio, and percentage body fat (% BF) were obtained. PA was assessed using Physical Activity Questionnaire for Older Children (PAQ-C). Five nsSNPs were included: beta-3 adrenergic receptor (ADRB3) rs4994, FABP2 rs1799883, GHRL rs696217, MC3R rs3827103, and vitamin D receptor rs2228570, individually and as combined genetic risk score (GRS). Associations and interactions between nsSNPs and PAQ-C scores were examined using generalized linear model. RESULTS PAQ-C scores were associated with % BF (β = -0.44 [95% confidence interval -0.72, -0.16], p = 0.002). The CC genotype of ADRB3 rs4994 (β = -0.16 [-0.28, -0.05], corrected p = 0.01) and AA genotype of MC3R rs3827103 (β = -0.06 [-0.12, -0.00], p = 0.02) were significantly associated with % BF compared to TT and GG genotypes, respectively. Significant interactions with PA were found between ADRB3 rs4994 (β = -0.05 [-0.10, -0.01], p = 0.02) and combined GRS (β = -0.03 [-0.04, -0.01], p = 0.01) for % BF. CONCLUSION Higher PA score was associated with reduced % BF in Malaysian adolescents. Of the nsSNPs, ADRB3 rs4994 and MC3R rs3827103 were associated with % BF. Significant interactions with PA were found for ADRB3 rs4994 and combined GRS on % BF but not on measurements of weight or circumferences. Targeting body fat represent prospects for molecular studies and lifestyle intervention in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nur Lisa Zaharan
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- *Correspondence: Nur Lisa Zaharan, ,
| | - Nor Hanisah Muhamad
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | | | - Tin Tin Su
- Centre for Population Health (CePH), Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Zahurin Mohamed
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - M. N. A. Mohamed
- Sports Medicine Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Hazreen A. Majid
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States
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19
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Watson EJ, Coates AM, Banks S, Kohler M. Total dietary sugar consumption does not influence sleep or behaviour in Australian children. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2017; 69:503-512. [DOI: 10.1080/09637486.2017.1386628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Emily J. Watson
- Centre for Sleep Research, School of Psychology, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Alison M. Coates
- Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity, School of Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Siobhan Banks
- Centre for Sleep Research, School of Psychology, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Mark Kohler
- Centre for Sleep Research, School of Psychology, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
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20
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Fatima Y, Doi SAR, Mamun AA. Sleep quality and obesity in young subjects: a meta-analysis. Obes Rev 2016; 17:1154-1166. [PMID: 27417913 DOI: 10.1111/obr.12444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 243] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2016] [Revised: 05/30/2016] [Accepted: 05/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To assess the effect of poor sleep quality on Overweight/Obesity (Ow/Ob) in young subjects, and explore if this association is independent of sleep duration. METHODS Pubmed, EMBASE, and MEDLINE databases were searched for papers on sleep quality and overweight/obesity, focusing on children, adolescents, and young adults. Studies based on subjects with medical/psychological problems or published in languages other than English were excluded. Quality effects model was used to pool studies for meta-analysis. RESULTS Findings from the systematic review suggest a link between poor sleep quality and Ow/Ob in young subjects. Pooled estimate (from 26,553 subjects) suggest a role of inadequate sleep (including both short duration and poor quality) in Ow/Ob (OR: 1.27 95% CI: 1.05-1.53). Sub-group-analyses suggest considerably higher odds of Ow/Ob (OR = 1.46, 95% CI: 1.24-1.72) in young subjects with poor sleep quality (independent of duration). CONCLUSIONS Poor sleep quality seems to be associated with Ow/Ob, and some studies indicate this association to be independent of duration. Therefore, considering only sleep duration might not help in disentangling sleep-obesity association. However, this review is mostly composed of cross-sectional studies. Therefore, a causal link or the stability of the sleep quality and Ow/Ob association could not be established.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Fatima
- School of Public Health, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,Mount Isa Centre for Rural and Remote Health, Mount Isa, James Cook University, Queensland, Australia
| | - S A R Doi
- Research School of Population Health, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia.,College of Medicine, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar.,School of Agricultural, Computing, and Environmental Sciences, University of Southern, Toowoomba, Queensland, Australia
| | - A A Mamun
- School of Public Health, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
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21
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Doo H, Chun H, Doo M. Associations of daily sleep duration and dietary macronutrient consumption with obesity and dyslipidemia in Koreans: A cross-sectional study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2016; 95:e5360. [PMID: 27828860 PMCID: PMC5106066 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000005360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Daily sleep duration is known to be associated with obesity and dyslipidemia.This study was performed to examine the interactions between daily sleep duration and the risks of obesity and dyslipidemia according to dietary macronutrient consumption in 14,680 Korean adults using the 5th Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.Sleep duration was inversely associated with body mass index (P < 0.001), waist circumference (P < 0.001), total cholesterol (P < 0.001), and low-density lipoprotein -cholesterol (P = 0.001). Participants with short sleep durations consumed less dietary protein (P < 0.001) and fat (P < 0.001), and consumed more dietary carbohydrates (P < 0.001). Among participants with the shortest sleep duration (≤5 hours a day), the odds ratio of obesity was found to increase in the high fat consumption group (1.393, 95% confidence interval 1.083-1.790) and decrease in the high carbohydrate consumption group (0.770, 95% confidence interval 0.604-0.983). High fat and low carbohydrate consumption were confirmed to be associated with the risk of obesity in the shortest sleep duration group (≤5 hours a day).These findings indicate that sleep duration was negatively associated with obesity and dyslipidemia-related indices in Korean adults. Additionally, the association of short sleep duration with the risk of obesity was potentially changed by dietary fat and carbohydrate consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyungie Doo
- Department of Natural and Forensic Sciences, Albany State University, Albany, GA, USA
| | - Hyejin Chun
- Department of Family Medicine, Bundang CHA Medical Center, CHA University, Yatap-ro, Gyeonggi-do
| | - Miae Doo
- Department of Nutritional Science and Food Management, Ewha Womans University, Ewhayeodae-gil, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence: Miae Doo, Department of Nutritional Science and Food Management, Ewha Womans University, 52, Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-Gu, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea (e-mail: )
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22
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Hager ER, Calamaro CJ, Bentley LM, Hurley KM, Wang Y, Black MM. Nighttime Sleep Duration and Sleep Behaviors among Toddlers from Low-Income Families: Associations with Obesogenic Behaviors and Obesity and the Role of Parenting. Child Obes 2016; 12:392-400. [PMID: 27447782 PMCID: PMC5041548 DOI: 10.1089/chi.2015.0252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Shortened sleep duration is associated with poor health and obesity among young children. Little is known about relationships among nighttime sleep duration, sleep behaviors, and obesogenic behaviors/obesity among toddlers. This study characterizes sleep behaviors/duration and examines relationships with obesogenic behaviors/obesity among toddlers from low-income families. METHODS Mothers of toddlers (age 12-32 months) were recruited from urban/suburban sites serving low-income families. Mothers provided demographic information and completed the Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire (BISQ); a 6-item Toddler Sleep Behavior Scale was derived (TSBS-BISQ, higher score reflects more recommended behaviors). Toddler weight/length were measured; obesity defined as ≥95th percentile weight-for-length. Measures of obesogenic behaviors: physical activity [accelerometry, minutes/day in Moderate-to-Vigorous Physical Activity (MVPA)] and diet quality [24-hour recall, Healthy Eating Index 2005 (HEI-2005)]. Bivariate and adjusted multivariable models examined associations between nighttime sleep behaviors/duration and obesogenic behaviors/obesity. RESULTS Sample included 240 toddlers (mean age = 20.2 months), 55% male, 69% black, 59% urban. Toddlers spent 55.4 minutes/day in MVPA, mean HEI-2005 score was 55.4, 13% were obese. Mean sleep duration was 9.1 hours, with 35% endorsing 5-6 recommended sleep behaviors (TSBS-BISQ). In multivariable models, MVPA was positively related to sleep duration; obese toddlers had a shorter nighttime sleep duration than healthy weight toddlers [odds ratio = 0.69, p = 0.014]. Nighttime sleep duration was associated with high TSBS-BISQ scores, F = 6.1, p = 0.003. CONCLUSIONS Toddlers with a shorter nighttime sleep duration are at higher risk for obesity and inactivity. Interventions to promote healthy sleep behaviors among toddlers from low-income families may improve nighttime sleep duration and reduce obesogenic behaviors/obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin R. Hager
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | | | | | - Kristen M. Hurley
- Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Maureen M. Black
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
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Quist JS, Sjödin A, Chaput JP, Hjorth MF. Sleep and cardiometabolic risk in children and adolescents. Sleep Med Rev 2016; 29:76-100. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smrv.2015.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2014] [Revised: 08/31/2015] [Accepted: 09/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Kelly NR, Shomaker LB, Radin RM, Thompson KA, Cassidy OL, Brady S, Mehari R, Courville AB, Chen KY, Galescu OA, Tanofsky-Kraff M, Yanovski JA. Associations of sleep duration and quality with disinhibited eating behaviors in adolescent girls at-risk for type 2 diabetes. Eat Behav 2016; 22:149-155. [PMID: 27289521 PMCID: PMC4983254 DOI: 10.1016/j.eatbeh.2016.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2016] [Revised: 04/28/2016] [Accepted: 06/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Short sleep duration and daytime sleepiness have been associated with an increased risk for the onset of type 2 diabetes in adults. There has been far less attention to the characterization of sleep in adolescents at-risk for diabetes or to the possible behavioral mechanisms, such as disinhibited eating, through which sleep may affect metabolic functioning. METHODS We evaluated the associations of sleep duration and daytime sleepiness with a multi-modal assessment of disinhibited eating in 119 adolescent girls at-risk for type 2 diabetes based upon being overweight/obese and having a family history of diabetes. Girls also endorsed mild-to-moderate depressive symptoms. Adolescents reported sleep duration and daytime sleepiness with the Sleep Habits Survey and Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire. They were administered a series of successive test meals to measure total energy intake and eating in the absence of hunger (EAH). Adolescent binge eating was assessed with the Eating Disorder Examination interview. RESULTS Accounting for age, race, puberty, body composition, depressive symptoms, and perceived stress, reported sleep duration was positively related to test meal total energy intake (p=0.04), but not to EAH. Adjusting for the same covariates, daytime sleepiness was associated with a greater odds of objective binge eating in the previous month (p=0.009). CONCLUSIONS In adolescent girls at-risk for type 2 diabetes, reported sleep characteristics are associated with disinhibited eating behaviors that have been linked to excessive weight and adverse metabolic outcomes. Future studies are called for to evaluate these links using objective measures of sleep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nichole R Kelly
- Section on Growth and Obesity, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS), 10 Center Drive, MSC 1103, Bethesda, MD 20892, United States; Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Department of Defense, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD 20814, United States
| | - Lauren B Shomaker
- Section on Growth and Obesity, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS), 10 Center Drive, MSC 1103, Bethesda, MD 20892, United States; Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Colorado State University, 410 Pitkin Street, Campus Delivery 1570, Fort Collins, CO 80523, United States.
| | - Rachel M Radin
- Section on Growth and Obesity, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS), 10 Center Drive, MSC 1103, Bethesda, MD 20892, United States; Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Department of Defense, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD 20814, United States
| | - Katherine A Thompson
- Section on Growth and Obesity, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS), 10 Center Drive, MSC 1103, Bethesda, MD 20892, United States
| | - Omni L Cassidy
- Section on Growth and Obesity, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS), 10 Center Drive, MSC 1103, Bethesda, MD 20892, United States; Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Department of Defense, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD 20814, United States
| | - Sheila Brady
- Section on Growth and Obesity, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS), 10 Center Drive, MSC 1103, Bethesda, MD 20892, United States
| | - Rim Mehari
- Section on Growth and Obesity, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS), 10 Center Drive, MSC 1103, Bethesda, MD 20892, United States
| | - Amber B Courville
- Nutrition Department, NIH Clinical Center, DHHS, 10 Center Drive, MSC 1078, Bethesda, MD 20892, United States
| | - Kong Y Chen
- Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Obesity Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, NIH, DHHS, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20814, United States
| | - Ovidiu A Galescu
- Section on Growth and Obesity, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS), 10 Center Drive, MSC 1103, Bethesda, MD 20892, United States
| | - Marian Tanofsky-Kraff
- Section on Growth and Obesity, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS), 10 Center Drive, MSC 1103, Bethesda, MD 20892, United States; Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Department of Defense, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD 20814, United States
| | - Jack A Yanovski
- Section on Growth and Obesity, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS), 10 Center Drive, MSC 1103, Bethesda, MD 20892, United States
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Wong JE, Parikh P, Poh BK, Deurenberg P. Physical Activity of Malaysian Primary School Children. Asia Pac J Public Health 2016; 28:35S-46S. [DOI: 10.1177/1010539516650726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This study describes the physical activity of primary school children according to sociodemographic characteristics and activity domains. Using the Malaysian South East Asian Nutrition Surveys data, 1702 children aged 7 to 12 years were included in the analysis. Physical activity was reported as a total score and categorized into low, medium, and high levels based on Physical Activity Questionnaire for Older Children. Higher overall activity scores were found in boys, younger age, non-Chinese ethnicity, and normal body mass index category. Sex, age, and ethnicity differences were found in structured or organized, physical education, and outside-of-school domain scores. Transport-related scores differed by age group, ethnicity, household income, and residential areas but not among the three physical activity levels. Participation of girls, Chinese, and older children were low in overall and almost all activity domains. Sociodemographic characteristics are important factors to consider in increasing the different domains of physical activity among Malaysian children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jyh Eiin Wong
- Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | | | - Bee Koon Poh
- Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Hunsberger M, Mehlig K, Börnhorst C, Hebestreit A, Moreno L, Veidebaum T, Kourides Y, Siani A, Molnar D, Sioen I, Lissner L. Dietary Carbohydrate and Nocturnal Sleep Duration in Relation to Children's BMI: Findings from the IDEFICS Study in Eight European Countries. Nutrients 2015; 7:10223-36. [PMID: 26670249 PMCID: PMC4690081 DOI: 10.3390/nu7125529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2015] [Revised: 11/28/2015] [Accepted: 12/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous research has found an association between being overweight and short sleep duration. We hypothesized that this association could be modified by a high carbohydrate (HC) diet and that the timing and type (starch or sugar) of intake may be an important factor in this context. Participants in the prospective, eight-country European study IDEFICS were recruited from September 2007 to June 2008, when they were aged two to nine years. Data on lifestyle, dietary intake and anthropometry were collected on two occasions. This study included 5944 children at baseline and 4301 at two-year follow-up. For each meal occasion (morning, midday, and evening), starch in grams and sugar in grams were divided by total energy intake (EI), and quartiles calculated. HC-starch and HC-sugar intake categories were defined as the highest quartile for each meal occasion. In a mutually adjusted linear regression model, short sleep duration as well as HC-starch in the morning were positively associated with body mass index (BMI) z-scores at baseline. HC-starch at midday was positively associated with body mass index (BMI) z-scores in children with short sleep duration, and negatively associated with BMI z-scores in those with normal sleep. After adjustment for baseline BMI z-scores, associations between total HC from starch or sugar and high BMI z-scores at two-year follow-up did not persist. Our observations offer a perspective on optimal timing for macronutrient consumption, which is known to be influenced by circadian rhythms. Reduced carbohydrate intake, especially during morning and midday meals, and following nocturnal sleep duration recommendations are two modifiable factors that may protect children from being overweight in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Hunsberger
- Section for Epidemiology and Social Medicine, University of Gothenburg, P.O. Box 453, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Kirsten Mehlig
- Section for Epidemiology and Social Medicine, University of Gothenburg, P.O. Box 453, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Claudia Börnhorst
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology-BIPS GmbH, Achterstrasse 30, D-28359 Bremen, Germany.
| | - Antje Hebestreit
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology-BIPS GmbH, Achterstrasse 30, D-28359 Bremen, Germany.
| | - Luis Moreno
- Growth, Exercise, Nutrition, and Development (GENUD) research group, University of Zaragoza, Domingo Miral, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain.
| | - Toomas Veidebaum
- National Institute for Health Development, P.O. Box 3012, 10504 Tallinn, Estonia.
| | - Yiannis Kourides
- Research and Education Institute of Child Health, 138 Limassol Ave, #205, 2015, Strovolos 510903, Cyprus.
| | - Alfonso Siani
- Institute for Food Sciences, Unit of Epidemiology and Population Genetics, National Research Council, Via Roma 64, 83100 Avellino, Italy.
| | - Dénes Molnar
- Department of Paediatrics, Medical Faculty, University of Pécs, Jozsef A.u., 7 H-1062 Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Isabelle Sioen
- Department of Public Health, Ghent University, 4K3, De Pintelaan 185, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
- Research Foundation-Flanders, Egmonstraat 5, B-1000 Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Lauren Lissner
- Section for Epidemiology and Social Medicine, University of Gothenburg, P.O. Box 453, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden.
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Doo M, Kim Y. Association between sleep duration and obesity is modified by dietary macronutrients intake in Korean. Obes Res Clin Pract 2015; 10:424-31. [PMID: 26363524 DOI: 10.1016/j.orcp.2015.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2015] [Revised: 07/30/2015] [Accepted: 08/21/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Short sleep duration has been reported to be inversely associated with risk of obesity. METHODS The effects of sleep duration on obesity-related variables and the interaction of sleep duration and dietary macronutrients consumption on risk of obesity were analysed in 14,111 subjects aged 20-79 from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. RESULTS Sleep restriction to less than 7h per day resulted in higher body mass index, plasma triglyceride level, and obesity prevalence for women, but not for men. Protein intake was significantly lower in subjects with lower sleep duration for both men and women. The subjects with short sleep duration were significantly higher fat consumption for men, whereas carbohydrate consumption for women. Among subjects whose carbohydrate consumption was above the median, subjects with sleep duration of less than 7h per day increased their odds of being obese (OR=1.255, 95% CI: 1.073-1.476, P<0.001) compared to subjects with sleep duration more than 7h per day for women. CONCLUSIONS Our results showed that sleep duration positively correlated with protein consumption, but negatively correlated with carbohydrate consumption, which might lead to high risk of obesity for women. Also, our findings support a significant association between sleep duration and obesity-related variables and this association has been potentially modified by dietary macronutrients consumption in women subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miae Doo
- Department of Nutritional Science and Food Management, Ewha Womans University, Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-750, Republic of Korea
| | - Yangha Kim
- Department of Nutritional Science and Food Management, Ewha Womans University, Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-750, Republic of Korea.
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Khan MKA, Chu YL, Kirk SFL, Veugelers PJ. Are sleep duration and sleep quality associated with diet quality, physical activity, and body weight status? A population-based study of Canadian children. Canadian Journal of Public Health 2015; 106:e277-82. [PMID: 26451988 DOI: 10.17269/cjph.106.4892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2014] [Revised: 05/07/2015] [Accepted: 03/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To describe sleep duration and sleep characteristics, and to examine the associations between sleep duration and characteristics and body weight status, diet quality, and physical activity levels among grade 5 children in Nova Scotia. METHODS A provincially representative sample of 5,560 grade 5 children and their parents in Nova Scotia was surveyed. Parents were asked to report their child's bedtime and wake-up time, and to indicate how often their child snored or felt sleepy during the day. Dietary intake and physical activity were selfreported by children using the Harvard Youth/Adolescent Food Frequency Questionnaire and the Physical Activity Questionnaire for Children respectively. Body weight status was determined using measured heights and weights. Linear and logistic random effects models with children nested within schools were used to test for associations. RESULTS Approximately half of the surveyed parents reported that their children were not getting adequate sleep at night. Longer sleep duration was statistically significantly associated with decreased risk for overweight and obesity independent of other sleep characteristics (OR = 0.82, 95% CI: 0.73, 0.91). Longer sleep duration was also associated with better diet quality and higher levels of physical activity. CONCLUSIONS These findings indicate a need for health promotion strategies to encourage adequate sleep and to promote healthy sleep environments among children. Given the links among sleep, body weight status and lifestyle behaviours, these messages should be included in public health interventions aimed at preventing obesity and promoting health among children.
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Bedtime and sleep timing but not sleep duration are associated with eating habits in primary school children. J Dev Behav Pediatr 2015; 36:158-65. [PMID: 25607639 DOI: 10.1097/dbp.0000000000000131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In the context of childhood obesity progression, sleep patterns have been associated with unhealthy eating habits and energy intake. The association between several eating habits and sleep patterns in children has been recently studied. The aim of this study was to explore the association between sleep patterns, eating habits, and physical fitness in primary school children. METHODS A total of 236 children of 6 to 10 years old were recruited. Anthropometric characteristics and body composition were measured, and cardiorespiratory (20-m shuttle run test) and musculoskeletal (squat jump and cycling peak power) fitness tests were performed. Parents were asked to fill out an eating habits questionnaire, and children were classified into 4 categories as a function of the number of eating risk factors they presented. Parents completed a questionnaire about their child's bedtime and waking hours during weekdays and weekends. RESULTS Weight (p < .01), waist circumference, and fat mass (p < .05) were significantly higher in late sleepers (27.6 ± 6.3 kg; 60.1 ± 7.6 cm; 19.52 ± 7.44) compared with normal sleepers (25.4 ± 3.7 kg; 58.2 ± 4.9 cm; 17.44% ± 6.23%). None of the physical fitness parameters were associated with sleep duration, bedtime, wake-up time, nor were they significantly different between late and normal sleepers. Bedtime was significantly earlier in children consuming breakfast everyday (08:30 vs. 09:00 PM, p < .01); later in children snacking (09:15 vs. 09:30 PM, p < .05) or watching TV at lunch (10:00 vs 09:30 PM, p < .05). There is an association between the proportion of normal and late sleepers and the accumulation of healthy eating habits (p < .001). CONCLUSION Bedtime and sleep timings (normal or late sleepers) are associated with eating habits in primary school children. It seems necessary to consider the number of unhealthy eating habits adopted by children when studying these associations.
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Daily physical activity and screen time, but not other sedentary activities, are associated with measures of obesity during childhood. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2014; 12:146-61. [PMID: 25546277 PMCID: PMC4306854 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph120100146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2014] [Accepted: 12/15/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Childhood obesity is related to low physical activity level and a sedentary lifestyle. The aim of this study was to assess the physical activity level and sedentary behaviour of Malaysian children aged 7 to 12 years and to examine their association with body mass index (BMI), BMI-for-age Z-score (BAZ), body fatness (%BF) and waist circumference (WC). A total of 1736 children, representing all ethnic groups were recruited from six regions of Malaysia. Anthropometric measurements included body weight, height and waist circumference. Body fat percentage (%BF) was assessed using bioelectrical impedance. Physical activity was assessed by a physical activity questionnaire (PAQ) in all children and by pedometers in a subsample (n = 514). PAQ score and pedometer step counts were negatively associated with BMI, BAZ, %BF and WC after adjusting for covariates. Screen time was positively associated with BAZ and WC. However, other sedentary activities were not significantly related with any anthropometric indicators. Strategies to promote active living among children in Malaysia should focus not only on increasing physical activity but also emphasise reduction in sedentary behaviours.
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Gomes TN, Katzmarzyk PT, dos Santos FK, Souza M, Pereira S, Maia JAR. Overweight and obesity in Portuguese children: prevalence and correlates. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2014; 11:11398-417. [PMID: 25372884 PMCID: PMC4245619 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph111111398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2014] [Revised: 10/22/2014] [Accepted: 10/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
There are widespread differences in overweight/obesity prevalence in children, and understanding the reasons for this is very important. The present study aims: (I) to conduct a meta-analysis on overweight/obesity prevalence in Portuguese children; (II) to identify differences in biological and behavioural characteristics between normal-weight and overweight/obese children; and (III) to investigate the importance of individual- and school-level correlates of variation in children's BMI using multilevel modelling. A search was done for all published papers including Portuguese children during the last decade; further, 686 Portuguese children (9-11 years old) were sampled and their BMI, family income, maturity offset, nutritional habits, physical activity, sedentariness, sleep time, and school environment information were collected. Results showed a stabilization of overweight/obesity during the last decade, 30.6% (95%CI: 0.287-0.34) for boys, 28.4% (95%CI: 0.23-0.35) for girls, and 30.3% (95%CI: 0.27-0.34) for boys and girls together. Differences between weight groups were only found in individual-level biological traits. The multilevel analysis did not identify significant contributions of school-level variables to children's BMI variation. In conclusion, no increase was found in the prevalence of overweight/obesity among Portuguese children since 2000. Normal-weight and overweight/obese children only differ in individual-level characteristics, and school context variables were not related to variation in BMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thayse Natacha Gomes
- CIFID, Kinanthropometry Lab, Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Plácido Costa, 91, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Peter T Katzmarzyk
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Louisiana State University, 6400 Perkins Rd., Baton Rouge, LA 70808, USA.
| | - Fernanda K dos Santos
- CIFID, Kinanthropometry Lab, Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Plácido Costa, 91, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Michele Souza
- CIFID, Kinanthropometry Lab, Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Plácido Costa, 91, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Sara Pereira
- CIFID, Kinanthropometry Lab, Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Plácido Costa, 91, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal.
| | - José A R Maia
- CIFID, Kinanthropometry Lab, Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Plácido Costa, 91, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal.
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32
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Kim Y. Differences in Physical Activity and Perceived Benefits and Barriers among Normal Weight, Overweight, and Obese Adolescents. Percept Mot Skills 2013; 116:981-91. [DOI: 10.2466/06.10.pms.116.3.981-991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The current study investigated differences in physical activity and perceived benefits and barriers in normal-weight, overweight, and obese adolescents and tested the effect of BMI and perceived benefits and barriers on physical activity. Adolescents ( N = 773) participated in the study; 381 were classified as having normal weight, 262 as overweight, and 130 as obese. Leisure Time Physical Activity Questionnaire, Decisional Balance Scale, and body composition analyzer were used to measure the study variables. Results indicated that there were no differences in self-reported physical activity in the three BMI groups. However, groups' perceived benefits of and barriers to physical activity differed. BMI and ‘better outlook’, ‘weight control’, ‘feeling confidence’, ‘physical dissatisfaction’, and ‘lack of confidence’ accounted for nearly half the variance in self-reported physical activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youngho Kim
- Seoul National University of Science and Technology
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