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Liu S, Li Z, Lan S, Hao H, Baz AA, Yan X, Gao P, Chen S, Chu Y. The Dual Roles of Activating Transcription Factor 3 (ATF3) in Inflammation, Apoptosis, Ferroptosis, and Pathogen Infection Responses. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:824. [PMID: 38255898 PMCID: PMC10815024 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25020824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Transcription factors are pivotal regulators in the cellular life process. Activating transcription factor 3 (ATF3), a member of the ATF/CREB (cAMP response element-binding protein) family, plays a crucial role as cells respond to various stresses and damage. As a transcription factor, ATF3 significantly influences signal transduction regulation, orchestrating a variety of signaling pathways, including apoptosis, ferroptosis, and cellular differentiation. In addition, ATF3 serves as an essential link between inflammation, oxidative stress, and immune responses. This review summarizes the recent advances in research on ATF3 activation and its role in regulating inflammatory responses, cell apoptosis, and ferroptosis while exploring the dual functions of ATF3 in these processes. Additionally, this article discusses the role of ATF3 in diseases related to pathogenic microbial infections. Our review may be helpful to better understand the role of ATF3 in cellular responses and disease progression, thus promoting advancements in clinical treatments for inflammation and oxidative stress-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
- Gansu Province Research Center for Basic Disciplines of Pathogen Biology, Lanzhou 730046, China
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Ruminant Disease Prevention and Control (West), Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou 730046, China
| | - Zhangcheng Li
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
- Gansu Province Research Center for Basic Disciplines of Pathogen Biology, Lanzhou 730046, China
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Ruminant Disease Prevention and Control (West), Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou 730046, China
| | - Shimei Lan
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
- Gansu Province Research Center for Basic Disciplines of Pathogen Biology, Lanzhou 730046, China
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Ruminant Disease Prevention and Control (West), Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou 730046, China
| | - Huafang Hao
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
- Gansu Province Research Center for Basic Disciplines of Pathogen Biology, Lanzhou 730046, China
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Ruminant Disease Prevention and Control (West), Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou 730046, China
| | - Ahmed Adel Baz
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
- Gansu Province Research Center for Basic Disciplines of Pathogen Biology, Lanzhou 730046, China
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Ruminant Disease Prevention and Control (West), Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou 730046, China
| | - Xinmin Yan
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
- Gansu Province Research Center for Basic Disciplines of Pathogen Biology, Lanzhou 730046, China
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Ruminant Disease Prevention and Control (West), Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou 730046, China
| | - Pengcheng Gao
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
- Gansu Province Research Center for Basic Disciplines of Pathogen Biology, Lanzhou 730046, China
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Ruminant Disease Prevention and Control (West), Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou 730046, China
| | - Shengli Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
- Gansu Province Research Center for Basic Disciplines of Pathogen Biology, Lanzhou 730046, China
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Ruminant Disease Prevention and Control (West), Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou 730046, China
| | - Yuefeng Chu
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
- Gansu Province Research Center for Basic Disciplines of Pathogen Biology, Lanzhou 730046, China
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Ruminant Disease Prevention and Control (West), Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou 730046, China
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Cai X, Zhou T, Shi W, Cai Y, Zhou J. Monkeypox Virus Crosstalk with HIV: An Integrated Skin Transcriptome and Machine Learning Study. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:47283-47294. [PMID: 38107964 PMCID: PMC10720282 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c07687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
The emergence of the monkeypox virus (MPXV) outbreak presents a formidable challenge to human health. Emerging evidence suggests that individuals with HIV have been disproportionately affected by MPXV, with adverse clinical outcomes and higher mortality rates. However, the shared molecular mechanisms underlying MPXV and HIV remain elusive. We identified differentially expressed genes (DEGs) from two public data sets, GSE219036 and GSE184320, and extracted common DEGs between MPXV and HIV. We further performed gene ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG), protein-protein interactions (PPI), candidate drug assessment, and immune correlation of hub genes analysis. We validated the key biomarkers using multiple machine learning (ML) methods including random forest (RF), t-distributed stochastic neighbor embedding (tSNE), and uniform manifold approximation and projection (UMAP). A total of 59 common DEGs were identified between MPXV and HIV. Our functional analysis highlighted multiple pathways, including the ERK cascade, NF-κB signaling, and various immune responses, playing a collaborative role in the progression of both diseases. The PPI and gene co-expression networks were constructed, and five key genes with significant immune correlations were identified and validated by multiple ML models, including SPRED1, SPHK1, ATF3, AKT3, and AKT1S1. Our study emphasizes the common pathogenesis of HIV and MPXV and highlights the pivotal genes and shared pathways, providing new opportunities for evidence-based management strategies in HIV patients co-infected with MPXV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueyao Cai
- Department
of Plastic Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital
of Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Tianyi Zhou
- Department
of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Ninth People’s
Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
- Shanghai
Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Wenjun Shi
- Department
of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai
Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School
of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Yuchen Cai
- Department
of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai
Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School
of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Jianda Zhou
- Department
of Plastic Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital
of Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
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3
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Hu Y, Liu J, Zhuang R, Zhang C, Lin F, Wang J, Peng S, Zhang W. Progress in Pathological and Therapeutic Research of HIV-Related Neuropathic Pain. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2023; 43:3343-3373. [PMID: 37470889 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-023-01389-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
HIV-related neuropathic pain (HRNP) is a neurodegeneration that gradually develops during the long-term course of acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) and manifests as abnormal sock/sleeve-like symmetrical pain and nociceptive hyperalgesia in the extremities, which seriously reduces patient quality of life. To date, the pathogenesis of HRNP is not completely clear. There is a lack of effective clinical treatment for HRNP and it is becoming a challenge and hot spot for medical research. In this study, we conducted a systematic review of the progress of HRNP research in recent years including (1) the etiology, classification and clinical symptoms of HRNP, (2) the establishment of HRNP pathological models, (3) the pathological mechanisms underlying HRNP from three aspects: molecules, signaling pathways and cells, (4) the therapeutic strategies for HRNP, and (5) the limitations of recent HRNP research and the future research directions and prospects of HRNP. This detailed review provides new and systematic insight into the pathological mechanism of HRNP, which establishes a theoretical basis for the future exploitation of novel target drugs. HIV infection, antiretroviral therapy and opioid abuse contribute to the etiology of HRNP with symmetrical pain in both hands and feet, allodynia and hyperalgesia. The pathogenesis involves changes in cytokine expression, activation of signaling pathways and neuronal cell states. The therapy for HRNP should be patient-centered, integrating pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic treatments into multimodal intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- YanLing Hu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Silkworm Bioreactor and Biomedicine, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - JinHong Liu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Silkworm Bioreactor and Biomedicine, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Renjie Zhuang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Silkworm Bioreactor and Biomedicine, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chen Zhang
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Denver, Denver, CO, 80210, USA
| | - Fei Lin
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Silkworm Bioreactor and Biomedicine, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Rongjun Hospital, Jiaxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - Sha Peng
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Silkworm Bioreactor and Biomedicine, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wenping Zhang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Silkworm Bioreactor and Biomedicine, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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Carey LM, Xu Z, Rajic G, Makriyannis A, Romero J, Hillard C, Mackie K, Hohmann AG. Peripheral sensory neuron CB2 cannabinoid receptors are necessary for both CB2-mediated antinociceptive efficacy and sparing of morphine tolerance in a mouse model of anti-retroviral toxic neuropathy. Pharmacol Res 2023; 187:106560. [PMID: 36417942 PMCID: PMC9845180 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2022.106560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Painful peripheral neuropathy is a common neurological complication associated with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and anti-retroviral therapy. We characterized the impact of two CB2 cannabinoid agonists (AM1710 and LY2828360 - ligands differing in signaling bias and CNS penetration) on neuropathic nociception induced by the antiretroviral agent Zalcitabine (2',3'-dideoxycytidine; ddC). We also used a conditional knockout approach to identify cell types mediating CB2 agonist-induced antinociceptive efficacy and sparing of morphine tolerance. AM1710 and LY2828360 alleviated ddC-induced neuropathic nociception in mice of both sexes. These benefits were absent in global CB2 knockout mice, which exhibited robust morphine antinociception. Like morphine, AM1710 blunted ddC-induced increases in proinflammatory cytokine (IL-1β, TNF-α) and chemokine (CCL2) mRNA expression levels. We generated advillinCre/+;CB2f/f conditional knockout mice to ascertain the role of CB2 localized to primary sensory neurons in CB2-mediated therapeutic effects. Antinociceptive efficacy of both AM1710 and LY2828360, but not reference analgesics, were absent in advillinCre/+;CB2f/f mice, which exhibited robust ddC-induced neuropathy. In ddC-treated CB2f/f mice, LY2828360 suppressed development of morphine tolerance and reversed established morphine tolerance, albeit with greater efficacy in male compared to female mice. LY2828360 failed to block or reverse morphine tolerance in advillinCre/+;CB2f/f mice. The present studies indicate that CB2 activation may alleviate HIV-associated antiretroviral neuropathy and identify a previously unreported mechanism through which CB2 activation produces antinociceptive efficacy. Our results also provide the first evidence that a CB2 agonist can reverse established morphine tolerance and demonstrate that CB2 localized to peripheral sensory neurons mediates the opioid tolerance sparing efficacy of CB2 agonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lawrence M Carey
- Program in Neuroscience, USA; Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA
| | - Zhili Xu
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA
| | - Gabriela Rajic
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA
| | | | - Julian Romero
- Faculty of Experimental Sciences, Universidad Francisco de Vitoria, Madrid, Spain
| | - Cecilia Hillard
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Med. Col. of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Ken Mackie
- Program in Neuroscience, USA; Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA; Gill Center for Biomolecular Science, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA
| | - Andrea G Hohmann
- Program in Neuroscience, USA; Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA; Gill Center for Biomolecular Science, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA.
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Eisenach JC, Rice AS. Improving Preclinical Development of Novel Interventions to Treat Pain: Insanity Is Doing the Same Thing Over and Over and Expecting Different Results. Anesth Analg 2022; 135:1128-1136. [PMID: 36384008 PMCID: PMC9976707 DOI: 10.1213/ane.0000000000006249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Preclinical pain research has applied state-of-the-art methods over the past 40 years to describe, characterize, and image molecules, cells, and circuits in rodents to understand the pathophysiology of chronic pain. Despite generating a plethora of novel analgesic targets, pharmaceuticals for chronic pain treatment remain largely limited to the same 6 drug classes as present 40 years ago. It is possible that 40 years of effort has brought us to the verge of a paradigm shift and an explosion of novel analgesic drug classes with remarkable safety, efficacy, and tolerability. We think it more likely that advances will not occur until we follow the description of exciting discoveries with hypothesis testing using clinically relevant preclinical animal models and ethologically relevant outcome measures, which better reflect the clinical characteristics of chronic pain syndromes. Furthermore, to be valuable, experiments using such models must be conducted to the highest levels of internal validity, rigor, and reproducibility. Efforts by funders, most recently the Helping End Addiction Long-Term by the National Institutes of Health, aim to address some of these challenges and enhance communication and collaboration between preclinical and clinical investigators. However, the greater problem is a culture that emphasizes novelty and number of publications over scientific rigor and robust replication leading to a high likelihood of false-positive results. A path forward is provided by the evolution of clinical research beginning 50 years ago that resulted in methods to reduce bias and enhance transparency and ethics of reporting, moving from case reports to randomized controlled trials to innovative study designs with a focus on rigor, generalizability, and reproducibility. We argue that culture changed in clinical science in part because powerful forces outside the peer review system, especially from federal regulators that approve new drugs and human studies committees that addressed ethical failures of earlier research, mandated change in studies within their purview. Whether an external force will affect change in peclinical pain research is unclear.
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Affiliation(s)
- James C. Eisenach
- Department of Anesthesiology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Andrew S.C. Rice
- Pain Research, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK
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6
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Toma W, Paris JJ, Warncke UO, Nass SR, Caillaud M, McKiver B, Ondo O, Bagdas D, Bigbee J, Knapp PE, Hauser KF, Damaj MI. Persistent sensory changes and sex differences in transgenic mice conditionally expressing HIV-1 Tat regulatory protein. Exp Neurol 2022; 358:114226. [PMID: 36096180 PMCID: PMC10053560 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2022.114226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2022] [Revised: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
HIV-associated sensory neuropathies (HIV-SN) are prevalent in >50% of patients aged over 45 years many of which report moderate to severe chronic pain. Previous preclinical studies have investigated the mechanisms by which HIV-1 causes sensory neuropathies and pain-like behaviors. The aim of the present study is to delineate the role of chronic HIV-1 trans-activator of transcription protein (Tat) exposure in the development of neuropathy in mice. The temporal effects of conditional Tat expression on the development of hypersensitivity to mechanical (von Frey filaments) and thermal (heat or cold) stimuli were tested in male and female mice that transgenically expressed HIV-1 Tat in a doxycycline-inducible manner. Inducing Tat expression produced an allodynic response to mechanical or cold (but not heat) stimuli that respectively persisted for at least 23-weeks (mechanical hypersensitivity) or at least 8-weeks (cold hypersensitivity). Both allodynic states were greater in magnitude among females, compared to males, and mechanical increased hypersensitivity progressively in females over time. Acute morphine or gabapentin treatment partly attenuated allodynia in males, but not females. Irrespective of sex, Tat reduced intraepidermal nerve fiber density, the mean amplitude of sensory nerve action potentials (but not conductance), engagement in some pain-related ethological behaviors (cage-hanging and rearing), and down-regulated PPAR-α gene expression in lumbar spinal cord while upregulating TNF-α expression in dorsal root ganglion. Taken together, these data reveal fundamental sex differences in mechanical and cold hypersensitivity in response to Tat and demonstrate the intractable nature in female mice to current therapeutics. Understanding the role of Tat in these pathologies may aid the design of future therapies aimed at mitigating the peripheral sensory neuropathies that accompany neuroHIV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wisam Toma
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Jason J Paris
- Department of BioMolecular Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, USA; Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, USA
| | - Urszula O Warncke
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Sara R Nass
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Martial Caillaud
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Bryan McKiver
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Olivia Ondo
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Deniz Bagdas
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - John Bigbee
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Medical College of Virginia Campus, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Pamela E Knapp
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Medical College of Virginia Campus, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA; Institute for Drug and Alcohol Studies, Medical College of Virginia Campus, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Kurt F Hauser
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA; Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Medical College of Virginia Campus, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA; Institute for Drug and Alcohol Studies, Medical College of Virginia Campus, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - M Imad Damaj
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA; Translational Research Initiative for Pain and Neuropathy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA.
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Smith MT. Nonopioid analgesics discovery and the Valley of Death: EMA401 from concept to clinical trial. Pain 2022; 163:S15-S28. [PMID: 35984369 PMCID: PMC10578428 DOI: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000002675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maree T Smith
- Centre for Integrated Preclinical Drug Development, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
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Qrareya AN, Mahdi F, Kaufman MJ, Ashpole NM, Paris JJ. Age-related neuroendocrine, cognitive, and behavioral co-morbidities are promoted by HIV-1 Tat expression in male mice. Aging (Albany NY) 2022; 14:5345-5365. [PMID: 35830469 PMCID: PMC9320553 DOI: 10.18632/aging.204166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
In the U.S. about half of the HIV-infected individuals are aged 50 and older. In men living with HIV, secondary hypogonadism is common and occurs earlier than in seronegative men, and its prevalence increases with age. While the mechanisms(s) are unknown, the HIV-1 trans-activator of transcription (Tat) protein disrupts neuroendocrine function in mice partly by dysregulating mitochondria and neurosteroidogenesis. We hypothesized that conditional Tat expression in middle-aged male transgenic mice [Tat(+)] would promote age-related comorbidities compared to age-matched controls [Tat(−)]. We expected Tat to alter steroid hormone milieu consistent with behavioral deficits. Middle-aged Tat(+) mice had lower circulating testosterone and progesterone than age-matched controls and greater circulating corticosterone and central allopregnanolone than other groups. Young Tat(+) mice had greater circulating progesterone and estradiol-to-testosterone ratios. Older age or Tat exposure increased anxiety-like behavior (open field; elevated plus-maze), increased cognitive errors (radial arm water maze), and reduced grip strength. Young Tat(+), or middle-aged Tat(−), males had higher mechanical nociceptive thresholds than age-matched counterparts. Steroid levels correlated with behaviors. Thus, Tat may contribute to HIV-accelerated aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alaa N Qrareya
- Department of BioMolecular Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA
| | - Fakhri Mahdi
- Department of BioMolecular Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA
| | - Marc J Kaufman
- Department of Psychiatry, McLean Imaging Center, McLean Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Belmont, MA 02478, USA
| | - Nicole M Ashpole
- Department of BioMolecular Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA.,Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA
| | - Jason J Paris
- Department of BioMolecular Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA.,Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA
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Siddiqui A, He C, Lee G, Figueroa A, Slaughter A, Robinson-Papp J. Neuropathogenesis of HIV and emerging therapeutic targets. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2022; 26:603-615. [PMID: 35815686 PMCID: PMC9887458 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2022.2100253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION HIV infection causes a wide range of neurological complications, many of which are among the most common complications of chronic HIV infection in the era of combined antiretroviral therapy. These neurological conditions arise due to complex interactions between HIV viral proteins and neuronal and glial cells that lead to the activation of various inflammatory and neurotoxic pathways across the nervous system. AREAS COVERED This review summarizes the current literature on the pathogenesis and clinical manifestations of neurological injuries associated with HIV in the brain, spinal cord, and peripheral nervous system. Molecular pathways relevant for possible therapeutic targets or advancements are emphasized. Gaps in knowledge and current challenges in therapeutic design are also discussed. EXPERT OPINION Several challenges exist in the development of therapeutic targets for HIV-associated cognitive impairments. However, recent developments in drug delivery systems and treatment strategies are encouraging. Treatments for HIV-associated pain and peripheral sensory neuropathies currently consist of symptomatic management, but a greater understanding of their pathogenesis can lead to the development of targeted molecular therapies and disease-modifying therapies. HIV-associated autonomic dysfunction may affect the course of systemic disease via disrupted neuro-immune interactions; however, more research is needed to facilitate our understanding of how these processes present clinically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alina Siddiqui
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 5 East 98th Street, New York City, NY, 10029 USA
| | - Celestine He
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 5 East 98th Street, New York City, NY, 10029 USA
| | - Gina Lee
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 5 East 98th Street, New York City, NY, 10029 USA
| | - Alex Figueroa
- University of Texas at Southwestern Medical School, Dallas, TX, 75390 USA
| | - Alexander Slaughter
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 5 East 98th Street, New York City, NY, 10029 USA
| | - Jessica Robinson-Papp
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 5 East 98th Street, New York City, NY, 10029 USA
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A New Gal in Town: A Systematic Review of the Role of Galanin and Its Receptors in Experimental Pain. Cells 2022; 11:cells11050839. [PMID: 35269462 PMCID: PMC8909084 DOI: 10.3390/cells11050839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Galanin is a neuropeptide expressed in a small percentage of sensory neurons of the dorsal root ganglia and the superficial lamina of the dorsal horn of the spinal cord. In this work, we systematically reviewed the literature regarding the role of galanin and its receptors in nociception at the spinal and supraspinal levels, as well as in chronic pain conditions. The literature search was performed in PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, ScienceDirect, OVID, TRIP, and EMBASE using "Galanin" AND "pain" as keywords. Of the 1379 papers that were retrieved in the initial search, we included a total of 141 papers in this review. Using the ARRIVE guidelines, we verified that 89.1% of the works were of good or moderate quality. Galanin shows a differential role in pain, depending on the pain state, site of action, and concentration. Under normal settings, galanin can modulate nociceptive processing through both a pro- and anti-nociceptive action, in a dose-dependent manner. This peptide also plays a key role in chronic pain conditions and its antinociceptive action at both a spinal and supraspinal level is enhanced, reducing animals' hypersensitivity to both mechanical and thermal stimulation. Our results highlight galanin and its receptors as potential therapeutic targets in pain conditions.
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D'Agnelli S, Amodeo G, Franchi S, Verduci B, Baciarello M, Panerai AE, Bignami EG, Sacerdote P. Frailty and pain, human studies and animal models. Ageing Res Rev 2022; 73:101515. [PMID: 34813977 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2021.101515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
The hypothesis that pain can predispose to frailty development has been recently investigated in several clinical studies suggesting that frailty and pain may share some mechanisms. Both pain and frailty represent important clinical and social problems and both lack a successful treatment. This circumstance is mainly due to the absence of in-depth knowledge of their pathological mechanisms. Evidence of shared pathways between frailty and pain are preliminary. Indeed, many clinical studies are observational and the impact of pain treatment, and relative pain-relief, on frailty onset and progression has never been investigated. Furthermore, preclinical research on this topic has yet to be performed. Specific researches on the pain-frailty relation are needed. In this narrative review, we will attempt to point out the most relevant findings present in both clinical and preclinical literature on the topic, with particular attention to genetics, epigenetics and inflammation, in order to underline the existing gaps and the potential future interventional strategies. The use of pain and frailty animal models discussed in this review might contribute to research in this area.
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12
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Jang A, Choi GE, Kim YJ, Lee GH, Hyun KY. Neuroprotective properties of ethanolic extract of Citrus unshiu Markovich peel through NADPH oxidase 2 inhibition in chemotherapy-induced neuropathic pain animal model. Phytother Res 2021; 35:6918-6931. [PMID: 34818693 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The present study aimed to determine the antioxidant effect of Citrus unshiu Markovich (CUM) extract in neuronal cell lines under oxidative stress and to investigate the effect of chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) on the nociceptive response in a preclinical mice model. We tested the inhibition of H2 O2 in Neuro2A cells treated with CUM. Experimental animals were treated with oxaliplatin to induce CINP, and then administered oral CUM for 4 weeks in order to observe the effect of CUM. Animals were evaluated weekly for thermal hyperalgesia and digital motor nerve conduction velocity (NCV). Lumbar dorsal root ganglia (DRG) isolated from each animal were evaluated through immunochemical and western blot analysis for nerve damage, inflammatory response, and expression of redox signaling factors. The main mechanisms were determined to be decreased inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) production due to the inhibition of NADPH oxidase 2 (NOX2). To determine the functional role of NOX2 in CINP, we administrated CUM into NOX2-deficient mice with neuropathic pain. Therefore, we suggest that CUM controls the expression levels of inflammatory factors in CINP via NOX2 inactivation. This study demonstrated that a complementary medicine such as CUM might be a potential novel therapeutic agent for the treatment of CINP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aelee Jang
- Department of Nursing, University of Ulsan, Ulsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Go-Eun Choi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, Catholic University of Pusan, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoo-Jeong Kim
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, Catholic University of Pusan, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Gil-Hyun Lee
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, Dong-Eui University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Yae Hyun
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, Dong-Eui University, Busan, Republic of Korea
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13
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Peng L, Wu B, Shi L, Zou L, Li L, Yang R, Xu X, Li G, Liu S, Zhang C, Liang S. Long Non-coding RNA Uc.48+ Small Interfering RNA Alleviates Neuroinflammatory Hyperalgesia in Gp120-Treated Rats via the P2Y12 Receptor. Front Neurosci 2021; 15:663962. [PMID: 34326715 PMCID: PMC8315484 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.663962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Human immunodeficiency virus envelope glycoprotein 120 (gp120) leads to hyperalgesia. Long non-coding RNAs are characterized by the lack of a protein-coding sequence and may contribute to the development and maintenance of inflammatory and neuroinflammatory pain. Rats with neuroinflammatory pain were established by gp120 treatment, which is featured by intensified pain behaviors. Long non-coding RNA uc.48+ was increased in the dorsal root ganglia of gp120-treated rats, and small interfering RNA that targets uc.48+ markedly alleviated hyperalgesia in gp120-treated rats. Notably, uc.48+ overexpression increased P2Y12 expression in control rats dorsal root ganglia and induced hyperalgesia. Uc.48+ small interfering RNA inhibited P2Y12 expression in gp120-treated rats. Uc.48+ potentiated P2Y12 receptor functions in the neurons and heterologous cells. Therefore, uc.48+ siRNA treatment reduced the upregulation of P2Y12 expression and function in DRG neurons, and, hence, alleviated hyperalgesia in gp120-treated rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lichao Peng
- School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Bing Wu
- Neuropharmacology Laboratory of Physiology Department, Medical School of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.,Department of Cell Biology, Medical School of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Liran Shi
- Neuropharmacology Laboratory of Physiology Department, Medical School of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.,Department of Cell Biology, Medical School of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Lifang Zou
- Neuropharmacology Laboratory of Physiology Department, Medical School of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.,Department of Cell Biology, Medical School of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Lin Li
- Neuropharmacology Laboratory of Physiology Department, Medical School of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.,Department of Cell Biology, Medical School of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Runan Yang
- Neuropharmacology Laboratory of Physiology Department, Medical School of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.,Department of Cell Biology, Medical School of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Xiumei Xu
- Neuropharmacology Laboratory of Physiology Department, Medical School of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.,Department of Cell Biology, Medical School of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Guilin Li
- Neuropharmacology Laboratory of Physiology Department, Medical School of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.,Department of Cell Biology, Medical School of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Shuangmei Liu
- Neuropharmacology Laboratory of Physiology Department, Medical School of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.,Department of Cell Biology, Medical School of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Chunping Zhang
- Department of Cell Biology, Medical School of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.,Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Autonomic Nervous Function and Disease, Nanchang, China
| | - Shangdong Liang
- Neuropharmacology Laboratory of Physiology Department, Medical School of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.,Department of Cell Biology, Medical School of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
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Confound, Cause, or Cure: The Effect of Cannabinoids on HIV-Associated Neurological Sequelae. Viruses 2021; 13:v13071242. [PMID: 34206839 PMCID: PMC8310358 DOI: 10.3390/v13071242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Revised: 06/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The persistence of human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV)-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) in the era of effective antiretroviral therapy suggests that modern HIV neuropathogenesis is driven, at least in part, by mechanisms distinct from the viral life cycle. Identifying more subtle mechanisms is complicated by frequent comorbidities in HIV+ populations. One of the common confounds is substance abuse, with cannabis being the most frequently used psychoactive substance among people living with HIV. The psychoactive effects of cannabis use can themselves mimic, and perhaps magnify, the cognitive deficits observed in HAND; however, the neuromodulatory and anti-inflammatory properties of cannabinoids may counter HIV-induced excitotoxicity and neuroinflammation. Here, we review our understanding of the cross talk between HIV and cannabinoids in the central nervous system by exploring both clinical observations and evidence from preclinical in vivo and in vitro models. Additionally, we comment on recent advances in human, multi-cell in vitro systems that allow for more translatable, mechanistic studies of the relationship between cannabinoid pharmacology and this uniquely human virus.
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Abstract
The evolution of therapeutics for and management of human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) infection has shifted it from predominately manifesting as a severe, acute disease with high mortality to a chronic, controlled infection with a near typical life expectancy. However, despite extensive use of highly active antiretroviral therapy, the prevalence of chronic widespread pain in people with HIV remains high even in those with a low viral load and high CD4 count. Chronic widespread pain is a common comorbidity of HIV infection and is associated with decreased quality of life and a high rate of disability. Chronic pain in people with HIV is multifactorial and influenced by HIV-induced peripheral neuropathy, drug-induced peripheral neuropathy, and chronic inflammation. The specific mechanisms underlying these three broad categories that contribute to chronic widespread pain are not well understood, hindering the development and application of pharmacological and nonpharmacological approaches to mitigate chronic widespread pain. The consequent insufficiencies in clinical approaches to alleviation of chronic pain in people with HIV contribute to an overreliance on opioids and alarming rise in active addiction and overdose. This article reviews the current understanding of the pathogenesis of chronic widespread pain in people with HIV and identifies potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets to mitigate it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dylan R Addis
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.,Division of Molecular and Translational Biomedicine, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Jennifer J DeBerry
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.,Division of Molecular and Translational Biomedicine, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Saurabh Aggarwal
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.,Division of Molecular and Translational Biomedicine, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.,Pulmonary Injury and Repair Center, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
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Bouali-Benazzouz R, Landry M, Benazzouz A, Fossat P. Neuropathic pain modeling: Focus on synaptic and ion channel mechanisms. Prog Neurobiol 2021; 201:102030. [PMID: 33711402 DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2021.102030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2020] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Animal models of pain consist of modeling a pain-like state and measuring the consequent behavior. The first animal models of neuropathic pain (NP) were developed in rodents with a total lesion of the sciatic nerve. Later, other models targeting central or peripheral branches of nerves were developed to identify novel mechanisms that contribute to persistent pain conditions in NP. Objective assessment of pain in these different animal models represents a significant challenge for pre-clinical research. Multiple behavioral approaches are used to investigate and to validate pain phenotypes including withdrawal reflex to evoked stimuli, vocalizations, spontaneous pain, but also emotional and affective behaviors. Furthermore, animal models were very useful in investigating the mechanisms of NP. This review will focus on a detailed description of rodent models of NP and provide an overview of the assessment of the sensory and emotional components of pain. A detailed inventory will be made to examine spinal mechanisms involved in NP-induced hyperexcitability and underlying the current pharmacological approaches used in clinics with the possibility to present new avenues for future treatment. The success of pre-clinical studies in this area of research depends on the choice of the relevant model and the appropriate test based on the objectives of the study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rabia Bouali-Benazzouz
- Université de Bordeaux, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, Bordeaux, France; CNRS, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, Bordeaux, France.
| | - Marc Landry
- Université de Bordeaux, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, Bordeaux, France; CNRS, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, Bordeaux, France
| | - Abdelhamid Benazzouz
- Université de Bordeaux, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, Bordeaux, France; CNRS, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, Bordeaux, France
| | - Pascal Fossat
- Université de Bordeaux, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, Bordeaux, France; CNRS, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, Bordeaux, France
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Aly E, Masocha W. Targeting the endocannabinoid system for management of HIV-associated neuropathic pain: A systematic review. IBRO Neurosci Rep 2021; 10:109-118. [PMID: 34179865 PMCID: PMC8211923 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibneur.2021.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2020] [Revised: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and antiretroviral therapy can independently induce HIV-associated neuropathic pain (HIV-NP). There is a dearth of drugs or therapeutic modalities that can alleviate HIV-NP. Smoked cannabis has been reported to improve pain measures in patients with neuropathic pain. Cannabis, phytocannabinoids, and the endocannabinoids such N-arachidonoylethanolamine (anandamide; AEA) and 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG), produce some of their effects via cannabinoid receptors (CBRs). Endocannabinoids are degraded by various enzymes such as fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) and monoacylglycerol lipase. We searched PubMed, Google Scholar, clinicaltrials.gov and clinicaltrialsregister.eu using various key words and their combinations for published papers that studied HIV-NP and cannabis, cannabinoids, or endocannabinoids up to 27th December 2020. All original research articles that evaluated the efficacy of molecules that modulate the endocannabinoid system (ECS) for the prevention and/or treatment of pain in HIV-NP animal models and patients with HIV-NP were included. The PubMed search produced a total of 117 articles, whereas the Google Scholar search produced a total of 9467 articles. Amongst the 13 articles that fulfilled the inclusion criteria 11 articles were found in both searches whereas 2 articles were found in Google Scholar only. The clinicaltrials.gov and clinicaltrialsregister.eu searches produced five registered trials of which three were completed and with results. Ten preclinical studies found that the endocannabinoids (2-AG and AEA), synthetic mixed CB1R/CB2R agonist WIN 55,212-2, a CB2R-selective phytocannabinoid β-caryophyllene, synthetic CB2R-selective agonists (AM1710, JWH015, JWH133 and Gp1a, but not HU308); FAAH inhibitors (palmitoylallylamide, URB597 and PF-3845) and a drug combination of indomethacin plus minocycline, which produces its effects in a CBR-dependent manner, either prevented the development of and/or attenuated established HIV-NP. Two clinical trials demonstrated greater efficacy of smoked cannabis over placebo in alleviating HIV-NP, whereas another clinical trial demonstrated that cannabidivarin, a cannabinoid that does not activate CBRs, did not reduce HIV-NP. The available preclinical results suggest that targeting the ECS for prevention and treatment of HIV-NP is a plausible therapeutic option. Clinical evidence shows that smoked cannabis alleviates HIV-NP. Further research is needed to find out if non-psychoactive drugs that target the ECS and are delivered by other routes than smoking could be useful as treatment options for HIV-NP.
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Key Words
- 2-AG, 2-arachidonoylglycerol
- ABHD12, α-β-hydrolase domain-containing 12
- ABHD6, α-β-hydrolase domain-containing 6
- AEA, N-arachidonoylethanolamine
- AEs, adverse effects
- Antiretroviral
- BCP, β-caryophyllene
- CB1R, cannabinoid type 1 receptor
- CB2R, cannabinoid type 2 receptor
- CBD, cannabidiol
- CBDV, cannabidivarin
- CBRs, cannabinoid receptors
- CINP, chemotherapy-induced neuropathic pain
- CNS, central nervous system
- COX, cyclooxygenase
- Cannabinoid
- Cannabis
- DAG, diacylglycerol
- DAGL, DAG lipase
- DDS, descriptor differential scale
- DSP, distal symmetric polyneuropathy
- ECS, endocannabinoid system
- Endocannabinoid
- FAAH, fatty acid amide hydrolase
- FDA, Food and Drug Administration
- GPCRs, G protein-coupled receptors
- HIV, human immunodeficiency virus
- HIV-DSP, HIV-distal symmetric polyneuropathy
- HIV-NP, HIV-associated neuropathic pain
- Human immunodeficiency virus
- IPM, indomethacin plus minocycline
- L-29, palmitoylallylamide
- MAGL, monoacylglycerol lipase
- MAIDS, murine acquired immunodeficiency syndrome
- NAPE, N-acyl-phosphatidylethanolamine
- NAPE-PLD, NAPE-specific phospholipase D
- NP, neuropathic pain
- NSAIDs, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
- Neuropathic pain
- OTC, over the counter
- PLWH, people living with HIV
- PNP, peripheral neuropathic pain
- RCTs, randomised clinical trials
- SAMRC, South African Medical Research Council
- TRPA, transient receptor potential ankyrin
- TRPV, transient receptor potential vanilloid
- WHO, World Health Organization
- ddC, 2′-3′-dideoxycytidine
- delta-9-THC, delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol
- gp, glycoprotein
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Affiliation(s)
- Esraa Aly
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kuwait University, Kuwait
| | - Willias Masocha
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kuwait University, Kuwait
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18
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Qrareya AN, Mahdi F, Kaufman MJ, Ashpole NM, Paris JJ. HIV-1 Tat promotes age-related cognitive, anxiety-like, and antinociceptive impairments in female mice that are moderated by aging and endocrine status. GeroScience 2021; 43:309-327. [PMID: 32940828 PMCID: PMC8050151 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-020-00268-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypogonadism is a common comorbidity associated with HIV-1 that is more prevalent among infected individuals over the age of 45. The underlying mechanisms are unknown, but both combined antiretroviral therapeutics and HIV-1 proteins, such as trans-activator of transcription protein (Tat), dysregulate steroid-synthetic mechanisms including lipid storage/synthesis and mitochondrial function. Thus, Tat expression may accelerate age-related comorbidities partly by impairing endocrine function. Few studies exist of Tat-mediated behavioral deficits in aged animals and effects of endocrine status have not been investigated. Accordingly, we tested whether conditional Tat expression in aged (~ 1.5 years old), female, Tat-transgenic [Tat(+)] mice increases anxiety-like behavior, impairs cognition, and augments mechanical allodynia, when compared to age-matched controls that do not express Tat protein [Tat(-)]. We further tested whether aged mice that maintained their endocrine status (pre-estropausal) were more resilient to Tat/age-related comorbidities than peri- or post-estropausal mice. Tat and endocrine aging status exerted separate and interacting effects that influenced anxiety-like and cognitive behaviors. Peri- and post-estropausal mice exhibited greater anxiety-like behavior in the elevated plus-maze and impaired learning in the radial arm water maze compared to pre-estropausal mice. Irrespective of estropause status, Tat(+) mice demonstrated impaired learning, reduced grip strength, and mechanical allodynia compared to Tat(-) mice. Tat exposure reduced circulating estradiol in post-estropausal mice and increased the estradiol-to-testosterone ratio in pre-estropausal mice. Changes in circulating estradiol, testosterone, and progesterone correlated with grip strength. Thus, endocrine status is an important factor in age-related anxiety, cognition, neuromuscular function, and allodynia that can be accelerated by HIV-1 Tat protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alaa N Qrareya
- Department of BioMolecular Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, 315 Faser Hall, P.O. Box 1848, University, MS, 38677-1848, USA
| | - Fakhri Mahdi
- Department of BioMolecular Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, 315 Faser Hall, P.O. Box 1848, University, MS, 38677-1848, USA
| | - Marc J Kaufman
- Department of Psychiatry, McLean Imaging Center, McLean Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Belmont, MA, 02478, USA
| | - Nicole M Ashpole
- Department of BioMolecular Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, 315 Faser Hall, P.O. Box 1848, University, MS, 38677-1848, USA
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Mississippi, University, MS, 38677, USA
| | - Jason J Paris
- Department of BioMolecular Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, 315 Faser Hall, P.O. Box 1848, University, MS, 38677-1848, USA.
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Mississippi, University, MS, 38677, USA.
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19
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Chronic pain impact on rodents’ behavioral repertoire. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2020; 119:101-127. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2020.09.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Revised: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Mukoma JN, Matheri JM, Tawa N. Prevalence and clinical characteristics associated with peripheral neuropathy amongst persons on HAART in Busia County, Kenya. SOUTH AFRICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOTHERAPY 2020; 76:1430. [PMID: 32935068 PMCID: PMC7479421 DOI: 10.4102/sajp.v76i1.1430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Despite improved immunological and viral load control, the prevalence of HIV/AIDS-related peripheral neuropathy among survivors on highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) is rising globally raising public health concerns. Objectives To determine the prevalence and clinical characteristics of peripheral neuropathy amongst persons on HAART attending Comprehensive Care Clinics in Busia County, Kenya. Method This cross-sectional descriptive quantitative study utilised purposive sampling and included 289 adults living with HIV/AIDS. Data collection was undertaken using the Clinical HIV Associated Neuropathy Tool (CHANT) and analysed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 25.0. Results Of people on HAART, 68.17% (197 amongst 289) had peripheral neuropathy. The majority were female 76.8% (n = 222), 38.1% (n = 110) were between 41 and 50, and 35% (n = 101) were widowed. The most common primary symptom was reduced right foot big toe vibration (76.8%, n = 222). There was a strong positive relationship (r = 0.621, P = 0.000) between foot vibration and illness. There was a statistically significant influence of demographic characteristics of persons on HAART on PN as they accounted for 98.5% of the variance (R2 = 0.985). Conclusion Peripheral neuropathy is prevalent and is significantly influenced by socio-demographic characteristics of persons on HAART-PN. Early diagnosis and exercise guidance by physiotherapists is key in forestalling severe symptoms, disability and poor quality of life. Clinical implications There is need to screen persons living with HIV on HAART for PN to establish their medical, physiotherapy and rehabilitation needs. Early diagnosis will encourage healthcare workers to start interventions to prevent progression of impairment, onset of disability and decrease in quality of life. Therefore, adaptation of PN screening tools and physiotherapeutic interventions should be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- John N Mukoma
- Department of Physiotherapy, Busia County Referral Hospital, Busia, Kenya
| | - Joseph M Matheri
- Department of Physiotherapy, College of Health Sciences, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Nassib Tawa
- Department of Physiotherapy, College of Health Sciences, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, Nairobi, Kenya.,The Center for Research in Spinal Health & Rehabilitation Medicine, Nairobi, Kenya
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Shi Y, Yuan S, Tang SJ. Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) are Critical for Morphine Exacerbation of HIV-1 gp120-Induced Pain. J Neuroimmune Pharmacol 2020; 16:581-591. [PMID: 32827051 DOI: 10.1007/s11481-020-09951-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Many HIV patients develop chronic pain and use opioid-derived medicine as primary analgesics. Emerging clinical evidence suggests that chronic use of opioid analgesics paradoxically heightens pain states in patients. This side effect of opioid analgesics has a significant negative impact on clinical practice, but the underlying pathogenic mechanism remains elusive. Using a mouse model of HIV-associated pain, we simulated the development of morphine exacerbation on pain and investigated potential underlying cellular and molecular pathways. We found that repeated morphine treatment promoted astrocyte activation in the spinal dorsal horn (SDH) and up-regulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and TNF-α. Furthermore, we observed that morphine administration potentiated mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the SDH of the HIV pain model, especially on astrocytes. Systemic application of the ROS scavenger phenyl-N-t-butyl nitrone (PBN) not only blocked the enhancement of gp120-induced hyperalgesia by morphine but also astrocytic activation and cytokine up-regulation. These findings suggest a critical role of ROS in mediating the exacerbation of gp120-induced pain by morphine. Graphical abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqiang Shi
- Department of Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, 77555, USA
| | - Subo Yuan
- Department of Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, 77555, USA
| | - Shao-Jun Tang
- Department of Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, 77555, USA.
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Ntogwa M, Imai S, Hiraiwa R, Koyanagi M, Matsumoto M, Ogihara T, Nakagawa S, Omura T, Yonezawa A, Nakagawa T, Matsubara K. Schwann cell-derived CXCL1 contributes to human immunodeficiency virus type 1 gp120-induced neuropathic pain by modulating macrophage infiltration in mice. Brain Behav Immun 2020; 88:325-339. [PMID: 32229220 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2020.03.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Revised: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The neuroinflammatory responses to human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) coat proteins, such as glycoprotein 120 (gp120), are considered to be responsible for the HIV-associated distal sensory neuropathy. Accumulating evidences suggest that T-cell line tropic X4 gp120 increases macrophage infiltration into the peripheral nerves, and thereby induces neuroinflammation leading to pain. However, the mechanisms underlying X4 gp120-induced macrophage recruitment to the peripheral nervous systems remain unclear. Here, we demonstrated that perineural application of X4 gp120 from HIV-1 strains IIIB and MN elicited mechanical hypersensitivity and spontaneous pain-like behaviors in mice. Furthermore, flow cytometry and immunohistochemical studies revealed increased infiltration of bone marrow-derived macrophages into the parenchyma of sciatic nerves and dorsal root ganglia (DRG) 7 days after gp120 IIIB or MN application. Chemical deletion of circulating macrophages using clodronate liposomes markedly suppressed gp120 IIIB-induced pain-like behaviors. In in vitro cell infiltration analysis, RAW 264.7 cell (a murine macrophage cell line) was chemoattracted to conditioned medium from gp120 IIIB- or MN-treated cultured Schwann cells, but not to conditioned medium from these gp120-treated DRG neurons, suggesting possible involvement of Schwann cell-derived soluble factors in macrophage infiltration. We identified using a gene expression array that CXCL1, a chemoattractant of macrophages and neutrophils, was increased in gp120 IIIB-treated cultured Schwann cells. Similar to gp120 IIIB or MN, perineural application of recombinant CXCL1 elicited pain-like behaviors accompanied by macrophage infiltration to the peripheral nerves. Furthermore, the repeated injection of CXCR2 (receptor for CXCL1) antagonist or CXCL1 neutralizing antibody prevented both pain-like behaviors and macrophage infiltration in gp120 IIIB-treated mice. Thus, the present study newly defines that Schwann cell-derived CXCL1, secreted in response to X4 gp120 exposure, is responsible for macrophage infiltration into peripheral nerves, and is thereby associated with pain-like behaviors in mice. We propose herein that communication between Schwann cells and macrophages may play a prominent role in the induction of X4 HIV-1-associated pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mpumelelo Ntogwa
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Kyoto University Hospital, 54 Shogoin-Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Satoshi Imai
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Kyoto University Hospital, 54 Shogoin-Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan.
| | - Ren Hiraiwa
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Kyoto University Hospital, 54 Shogoin-Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Madoka Koyanagi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Kyoto University Hospital, 54 Shogoin-Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Mayuna Matsumoto
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Kyoto University Hospital, 54 Shogoin-Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Takashi Ogihara
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Kyoto University Hospital, 54 Shogoin-Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Shunsaku Nakagawa
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Kyoto University Hospital, 54 Shogoin-Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Omura
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Kyoto University Hospital, 54 Shogoin-Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Atsushi Yonezawa
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Kyoto University Hospital, 54 Shogoin-Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Takayuki Nakagawa
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Kyoto University Hospital, 54 Shogoin-Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Kazuo Matsubara
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Kyoto University Hospital, 54 Shogoin-Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
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23
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Bagdas D, Paris JJ, Carper M, Wodarski R, Rice ASC, Knapp PE, Hauser KF, Damaj MI. Conditional expression of HIV-1 tat in the mouse alters the onset and progression of tonic, inflammatory and neuropathic hypersensitivity in a sex-dependent manner. Eur J Pain 2020; 24:1609-1623. [PMID: 32533878 DOI: 10.1002/ejp.1618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Revised: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND At least one-third of HIV-1-afflicted individuals experience peripheral neuropathy. Although the underlying mechanisms are not known, they may involve neurotoxic HIV-1 proteins. METHODS We assessed the influence of the neurotoxic HIV-1 regulatory protein, Tat, on inflammatory and neuropathic nociceptive behaviours using transgenic male and female mice that conditionally expressed (or did not express) HIV-1 Tat1-86 in fibrillary acidic protein-expressing glia in the central and peripheral nervous systems. RESULTS Tat induction significantly attenuated the time spent paw-licking following formalin injection (2.5%, i.pl.) in both male and female mice. However, significant sex differences were observed in the onset and magnitude of inflammation and sensory sensitivity following complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) injection (10%, i.pl.) after Tat activation. Unlike female mice, male mice showed a significant attenuation of paw swelling and an absence of mechanical/thermal hypersensitivity in response to CFA after Tat induction. Male Tat(+) mice also showed accelerated recovery from chronic constrictive nerve injury (CCI)-induced neuropathic mechanical and thermal hypersensitivity compared to female Tat(+) mice. Morphine (3.2 mg/kg) fully reversed CCI-induced mechanical hypersensitivity in female Tat(-) mice, but not in Tat(+) females. CONCLUSIONS The ability of Tat to decrease oedema, paw swelling, and limit allodynia suggests a sequel of events in which Tat-induced functional deficits precede the onset of mechanical hypersensitivity. Moreover, HIV-1 Tat attenuated responses to inflammatory and neuropathic insults in a sex-dependent manner. HIV-1 Tat appears to directly contribute to HIV sensory neuropathy and reveals sex differences in HIV responsiveness and/or the underlying peripheral neuroinflammatory and nociceptive mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deniz Bagdas
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Virginia Campus, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA.,The Center for the Study for Tobacco Products, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Jason J Paris
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Virginia Campus, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA.,Department of BioMolecular Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, MS, USA.,Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, MS, USA
| | - Moriah Carper
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Virginia Campus, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Rachel Wodarski
- Pain Research Group, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - Andrew S C Rice
- Pain Research Group, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - Pamela E Knapp
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Virginia Campus, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA.,Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Medical College of Virginia Campus, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA.,Institute for Drug and Alcohol Studies, Medical College of Virginia Campus, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Kurt F Hauser
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Virginia Campus, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA.,Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Medical College of Virginia Campus, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA.,Institute for Drug and Alcohol Studies, Medical College of Virginia Campus, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - M Imad Damaj
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Virginia Campus, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA.,The Center for the Study for Tobacco Products, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA.,Translational Research Initiative for Pain and Neuropathy at VCU, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
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24
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Martinez NW, Sánchez A, Diaz P, Broekhuizen R, Godoy J, Mondaca S, Catenaccio A, Macanas P, Nervi B, Calvo M, Court FA. Metformin protects from oxaliplatin induced peripheral neuropathy in rats. NEUROBIOLOGY OF PAIN 2020; 8:100048. [PMID: 32490289 PMCID: PMC7260677 DOI: 10.1016/j.ynpai.2020.100048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Revised: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
After oxaliplatin treatment rats developed mechanical and cold hyperalgesia. We observed intraepidermal nerve fiber degeneration, and mild spinal cord gliosis. Co treatment with Metformin could prevent all these pathological outcomes. This suggests metformin as a candidate drug to prevent oxaliplatin-induced neuropathy.
Oxaliplatin is a commonly used drug to treat cancer, extending the rate of disease-free survival by 20% in colorectal cancer. However, oxaliplatin induces a disabling form of neuropathy resulting in more than 60% of patients having to reduce or discontinue oxaliplatin, negatively impacting their chance of survival. Oxaliplatin-induced neuropathies are accompanied by degeneration of sensory fibers in the epidermis and hyperexcitability of sensory neurons. These morphological and functional changes have been associated with sensory symptoms such as dysesthesia, paresthesia and mechanical and cold allodynia. Various strategies have been proposed to prevent or treat oxaliplatin-induced neuropathies without success. The anti-diabetic drug metformin has been recently shown to exert neuroprotection in other chemotherapy-induced neuropathies, so here we aimed to test if metformin can prevent the development of oxaliplatin-induced neuropathy in a rat model of this condition. Animals treated with oxaliplatin developed significant intraepidermal fiber degeneration, a mild gliosis in the spinal cord, and mechanical and cold hyperalgesia. The concomitant use of metformin prevented degeneration of intraepidermal fibers, gliosis, and the altered sensitivity. Our evidence further supports metformin as a new approach to prevent oxaliplatin-induced neuropathy with a potential important clinical impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- N W Martinez
- Center for Integrative Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad Mayor de Chile, Santiago 8580745, Chile.,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Biology, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - A Sánchez
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Biology, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - P Diaz
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Biology, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - R Broekhuizen
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - J Godoy
- Department of Neurology, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - S Mondaca
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - A Catenaccio
- Center for Integrative Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad Mayor de Chile, Santiago 8580745, Chile
| | - P Macanas
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - B Nervi
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - M Calvo
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Biology, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - F A Court
- Center for Integrative Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad Mayor de Chile, Santiago 8580745, Chile.,FONDAP Center for Geroscience, Brain Health and Metabolism, Santiago 8580745, Chile.,Buck Institute for Research on Ageing, Novato, San Francisco, CA 94945, USA
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25
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Kremer M, Becker LJ, Barrot M, Yalcin I. How to study anxiety and depression in rodent models of chronic pain? Eur J Neurosci 2020; 53:236-270. [DOI: 10.1111/ejn.14686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Revised: 01/06/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mélanie Kremer
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives Université de Strasbourg Strasbourg France
| | - Léa J. Becker
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives Université de Strasbourg Strasbourg France
| | - Michel Barrot
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives Université de Strasbourg Strasbourg France
| | - Ipek Yalcin
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives Université de Strasbourg Strasbourg France
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26
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Godai K, Takahashi K, Kashiwagi Y, Liu CH, Yi H, Liu S, Dong C, Lubarsky DA, Hao S. Ryanodine Receptor to Mitochondrial Reactive Oxygen Species Pathway Plays an Important Role in Chronic Human Immunodeficiency Virus gp120MN-Induced Neuropathic Pain in Rats. Anesth Analg 2020; 129:276-286. [PMID: 30507840 DOI: 10.1213/ane.0000000000003916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic pain is one of the most common complaints in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-associated sensory neuropathy. Ryanodine receptor (RyR) and mitochondrial oxidative stress are involved in neuropathic pain induced by nerve injury. Here, we investigated the role of RyR and mitochondrial superoxide in neuropathic pain induced by repeated intrathecal HIV glycoprotein 120 (gp120) injection. METHODS Recombinant HIV glycoprotein gp120MN was intrathecally administered to induce neuropathic pain. Mechanical threshold was tested using von Frey filaments. Peripheral nerve fiber was assessed by the quantification of the intraepidermal nerve fiber density in the skin of the hindpaw. The expression of spinal RyR was examined using Western blots. Colocalization of RyR with neuronal nuclei (NeuN; neuron marker), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP; astrocyte marker), or ionizing calcium-binding adaptor molecule 1 (Iba1; microglia marker) in the spinal cord was examined using immunohistochemistry. MitoSox-positive profiles (a mitochondrial-targeted fluorescent superoxide indicator) were examined. The antiallodynic effects of intrathecal administration of RyR antagonist, dantrolene (a clinical drug for malignant hyperthermia management), or selective mitochondrial superoxide scavenger, Mito-Tempol, were evaluated in the model. RESULTS We found that repeated but not single intrathecal injection of recombinant protein gp120 induced persistent mechanical allodynia. Intraepidermal nerve fibers in repeated gp120 group was lower than that in sham at 2 weeks, and the difference in means (95% confidence interval) was 8.495 (4.79-12.20), P = .0014. Repeated gp120 increased expression of RyR, and the difference in means (95% confidence interval) was 1.50 (0.504-2.495), P = .007. Repeated gp120 also increased mitochondrial superoxide cell number in the spinal cord, and the difference in means (95% confidence interval) was 6.99 (5.99-8.00), P < .0001. Inhibition of spinal RyR or selective mitochondrial superoxide scavenger dose dependently reduced mechanical allodynia induced by repeated gp120 injection. RyR and mitochondrial superoxide were colocalized in the neuron, but not glia. Intrathecal injection of RyR inhibitor lowered mitochondrial superoxide in the spinal cord dorsal horn in the gp120 neuropathic pain model. CONCLUSIONS These data suggest that repeated intrathecal HIV gp120 injection induced an acute to chronic pain translation in rats, and that neuronal RyR and mitochondrial superoxide in the spinal cord dorsal horn played an important role in the HIV neuropathic pain model. The current results provide evidence for a novel approach to understanding the molecular mechanisms of HIV chronic pain and treating chronic pain in patients with HIV.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Hyun Yi
- From the Departments of Anesthesiology
| | - Shue Liu
- From the Departments of Anesthesiology
| | - Chuanhui Dong
- Neurology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
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27
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Zhou X, Tao L, Zhao M, Wu S, Obeng E, Wang D, Zhang W. Wnt/ β-catenin signaling regulates brain-derived neurotrophic factor release from spinal microglia to mediate HIV 1 gp120-induced neuropathic pain. Mol Pain 2020; 16:1744806920922100. [PMID: 32354292 PMCID: PMC7227158 DOI: 10.1177/1744806920922100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2019] [Revised: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
HIV-associated neuropathic pain (HNP) is a common complication for AIDS patients. The pathological mechanism governing HNP has not been elucidated, and HNP has no effective analgesic treatment. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is a member of the neurotrophic factor family related to the plasticity of the central nervous system. BDNF dysregulation is involved in many neurological diseases, including neuropathic pain. However, to the best of our knowledge, the role and mechanism of BDNF in HNP have not been elucidated. In this study, we explored this condition in an HNP mouse model induced by intrathecal injection of gp120. We found that Wnt3a and β-catenin expression levels increased in the spinal cord of HNP mice, consequently regulating the expression of BDNF and affecting hypersensitivity. In addition, the blockade of Wing-Int/β-catenin signaling, BDNF/TrkB or the BDNF/p75NTR pathway alleviated mechanical allodynia. BDNF immunoreactivity was colocalized with spinal microglial cells, which were activated in HNP mice. Inhibition of spinal microglial cell activation by minocycline relieved mechanical allodynia in HNP mice. This study helped to elucidate the role of the Wing-Int/β-catenin/BDNF signaling axis in HNP and may establish a foundation for further research investigating the Wing-Int/β-catenin/BDNF signaling axis as a target for HNP treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinxin Zhou
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Silkworm Bioreactor and Biomedicine, College of Life Science and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lei Tao
- School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mengru Zhao
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Silkworm Bioreactor and Biomedicine, College of Life Science and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shengjun Wu
- Clinical Laboratory of Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Enoch Obeng
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Silkworm Bioreactor and Biomedicine, College of Life Science and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Dan Wang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Silkworm Bioreactor and Biomedicine, College of Life Science and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wenping Zhang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Silkworm Bioreactor and Biomedicine, College of Life Science and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
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28
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VGF: a biomarker and potential target for the treatment of neuropathic pain? Pain Rep 2019; 4:e786. [PMID: 31875189 PMCID: PMC6882576 DOI: 10.1097/pr9.0000000000000786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Revised: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 08/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Supplemental Digital Content is Available in the Text. Neuropathic pain (NP) remains an area of considerable unmet medical need. A persistent challenge in the management of NP is to target the specific mechanisms leading to a change from normal to abnormal sensory perception while ensuring that the defensive pain perception remains intact. Targeting VGF-derived neuropeptides may offer this opportunity. VGF was first identified in 1985 and is highly expressed after nerve injury and inflammation in neurons of both the peripheral and central nervous system. Subsequent studies implicate the vgf gene and its products in pain pathways. This narrative review was supported by a systematic search to identify, select, and critically appraise all relevant research investigating the role of VGF-derived neuropeptides in pain pathways. It predominantly focuses on in vivo investigations of the role of VGF in the initiation and maintenance of NP. VGF expression levels are very low under normal physiological conditions and nerve injury results in rapid and robust upregulation, increasing mechanical and thermal hypersensitivity. The identification of the 2 complement receptors with which VGF neuropeptides interact suggests a novel interplay of neuronal and immune signalling mediators. The understanding of the molecular mechanisms and signalling events by which VGF-derived active neuropeptides exert their physiological actions is in its infancy. Future work should aim to improve understanding of the downstream consequences of VGF neuropeptides thereby providing novel insights into pain mechanisms potentially leading to the identification of novel therapeutic targets.
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29
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Datta G, Miller NM, Afghah Z, Geiger JD, Chen X. HIV-1 gp120 Promotes Lysosomal Exocytosis in Human Schwann Cells. Front Cell Neurosci 2019; 13:329. [PMID: 31379513 PMCID: PMC6650616 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2019.00329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) associated neuropathy is the most common neurological complication of HIV-1, with debilitating pain affecting the quality of life. HIV-1 gp120 plays an important role in the pathogenesis of HIV neuropathy via direct neurotoxic effects or indirect pro-inflammatory responses. Studies have shown that gp120-induced release of mediators from Schwann cells induce CCR5-dependent DRG neurotoxicity, however, CCR5 antagonists failed to improve pain in HIV- infected individuals. Thus, there is an urgent need for a better understanding of neuropathic pain pathogenesis and developing effective therapeutic strategies. Because lysosomal exocytosis in Schwann cells is an indispensable process for regulating myelination and demyelination, we determined the extent to which gp120 affected lysosomal exocytosis in human Schwann cells. We demonstrated that gp120 promoted the movement of lysosomes toward plasma membranes, induced lysosomal exocytosis, and increased the release of ATP into the extracellular media. Mechanistically, we demonstrated lysosome de-acidification, and activation of P2X4 and VNUT to underlie gp120-induced lysosome exocytosis. Functionally, we demonstrated that gp120-induced lysosome exocytosis and release of ATP from Schwann cells leads to increases in intracellular calcium and generation of cytosolic reactive oxygen species in DRG neurons. Our results suggest that gp120-induced lysosome exocytosis and release of ATP from Schwann cells and DRG neurons contribute to the pathogenesis of HIV-1 associated neuropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaurav Datta
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Grand Forks, ND, United States
| | - Nicole M Miller
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Grand Forks, ND, United States
| | - Zahra Afghah
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Grand Forks, ND, United States
| | - Jonathan D Geiger
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Grand Forks, ND, United States
| | - Xuesong Chen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Grand Forks, ND, United States
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30
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Kaliyaperumal S, Wilson K, Aeffner F, Dean C. Animal Models of Peripheral Pain: Biology Review and Application for Drug Discovery. Toxicol Pathol 2019; 48:202-219. [PMID: 31269874 DOI: 10.1177/0192623319857051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Pain is a complex constellation of cognitive, unpleasant sensory, and emotional experiences that primarily serves as a survival mechanism. Pain arises in the peripheral nervous system and pain signals synapse with nerve tracts extending into the central nervous system. Several different schemes are used to classify pain, including the underlying mechanism, tissues primarily affected, and time-course. Numerous animal models of pain, which should be employed with appropriate Institutional Animal Care and Use approvals, have been developed to elucidate pathophysiology mechanisms and aid in identification of novel therapeutic targets. The variety of available models underscores the observations that pain phenotypes are driven by several distinct mechanisms. Pain outcome measurement encompasses both reflexive (responses to heat, cold, mechanical and electrical stimuli) and nonreflexive (spontaneous pain responses to stimuli) behaviors. However, the question of translatability to human pain conditions and potential treatment outcomes remains a topic of continued scrutiny. In this review we discuss the different types of pain and their mechanisms and pathways, available rodent pain models with an emphasis on type of pain stimulations and pain outcome measures and discuss the role of pathologists in assessing and validating pain models.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Charles Dean
- Amgen, Inc, Thousand Oaks, CA, USA *Both authors equally contributed to the manuscript
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31
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Meng J, Zhang Q, Yang C, Xiao L, Xue Z, Zhu J. Duloxetine, a Balanced Serotonin-Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitor, Improves Painful Chemotherapy-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy by Inhibiting Activation of p38 MAPK and NF-κB. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:365. [PMID: 31024320 PMCID: PMC6465602 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) is a severe, toxic side effect that frequently occurs in anticancer treatment and may result in discontinuation of treatment as well as a serious reduction in life quality. The CIPN incidence rate is as high as 85–90%. Unfortunately, there is currently no standard evidence-based CIPN treatment. In several clinical trials, it has been reported that duloxetine can improve CIPN pain induced by oxaliplatin (OXA) and paclitaxel (PTX); thus, The American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) recommends duloxetine as the only potential treatment for CIPN. However, this guidance lacks the support of sufficient evidence. Our study shows that duloxetine markedly reduces neuropathic pain evoked by OXA or PTX. Duloxetine acts by inhibiting the activation of p38 phosphorylation, thus preventing the activation and nuclear translocation of the NF-κB transcription factor, reducing the inflammatory response and inhibiting nerve injury by regulating nerve growth factor (NGF). Furthermore, in this study, it is shown that duloxetine does not affect the antitumor activity of OXA or PTX. This study not only provides biological evidence to support the use of duloxetine as the first standard CIPN drug but will also lead to potential new targets for CIPN drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Meng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Analgesia Application Technology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Qiuyan Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Chao Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Lu Xiao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhenzhen Xue
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Jing Zhu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.,Departments of Neurology and Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
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32
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Humo M, Lu H, Yalcin I. The molecular neurobiology of chronic pain-induced depression. Cell Tissue Res 2019; 377:21-43. [PMID: 30778732 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-019-03003-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2018] [Accepted: 02/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The increasing number of individuals with comorbidities poses an urgent need to improve the management of patients with multiple co-existing diseases. Among these comorbidities, chronic pain and mood disorders, two long-lasting disabling conditions that significantly reduce the quality of life, could be cited first. The recent development of animal models accelerated the studies focusing on the underlying mechanisms of the chronic pain and depression/anxiety comorbidity. This review provides an overview of clinical and pre-clinical studies performed over the past two decades addressing the molecular aspects of the comorbid relationship of chronic pain and depression. We thus focused on the studies that investigated the molecular characteristics of the comorbid relationship between chronic pain and mood disorders, especially major depressive disorders, from the genetic and epigenetic point of view to key neuromodulators which have been shown to play an important role in this comorbidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muris Humo
- Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique et Université de Strasbourg, 67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Han Lu
- Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique et Université de Strasbourg, 67000, Strasbourg, France.,Faculty of Biology and Bernstein Center Freiburg, University of Freiburg, D-79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ipek Yalcin
- Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique et Université de Strasbourg, 67000, Strasbourg, France.
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33
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Kuo A, Nicholson JR, Corradini L, Smith MT. Establishment and characterisation of a stavudine (d4T)-induced rat model of antiretroviral toxic neuropathy (ATN) using behavioural and pharmacological methods. Inflammopharmacology 2019; 27:387-396. [PMID: 30600474 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-018-00551-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2018] [Accepted: 12/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Human immuno-deficiency virus (HIV) associated sensory neuropathy (SN) is a frequent complication of HIV infection. It is extremely difficult to alleviate and hence the quality of life of affected individuals is severely and adversely impacted. Stavudine (d4T) is an antiretroviral drug that was widely used globally prior to 2010 and that is still used today in resource-limited settings. Its low cost and relatively good efficacy when included in antiretroviral dosing regimens means that there is a large population of patients with d4T-induced antiretroviral toxic neuropathy (ATN). As there are no FDA approved drugs for alleviating ATN, it is important to establish rodent models to probe the pathobiology and to identify potentially efficacious new drug treatments. In the model establishment phase, d4T administered intravenously at a cumulative dose of 375 mg/kg in male Wistar Han rats evoked temporal development of sustained mechanical allodynia in the hindpaws from day 10 to day 30 after initiation of d4T treatment. As this d4T dosing regimen was also well tolerated, it was used for ATN model induction for subsequent pharmacological profiling. Both gabapentin at 30-100 mg/kg and morphine at 0.3-2 mg/kg given subcutaneously produced dose-dependent relief of mechanical allodynia with estimated ED50's of 19 mg/kg and 0.4 mg/kg, respectively. In contrast, intraperitoneal administration of meloxicam or amitriptyline up to 30 mg/kg and 7 mg/kg, respectively, lacked efficacy. Our rat model of ATN is suitable for investigation of the pathophysiology of d4T-induced SN as well as for profiling novel molecules from analgesic drug discovery programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andy Kuo
- Centre for Integrated Preclinical Drug Development, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, St Lucia Campus, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | | | - Laura Corradini
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Biberach, Germany
| | - Maree T Smith
- Centre for Integrated Preclinical Drug Development, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, St Lucia Campus, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia. .,School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
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Rice ASC, Finnerup NB, Kemp HI, Currie GL, Baron R. Sensory profiling in animal models of neuropathic pain: a call for back-translation. Pain 2018; 159:819-824. [PMID: 29300280 PMCID: PMC5911154 DOI: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000001138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew S C Rice
- Pain Research, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom
| | - Nanna B Finnerup
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Danish Pain Research Center, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Neurology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Harriet I Kemp
- Pain Research, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom
| | - Gillian L Currie
- Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Ralf Baron
- Division of Neurological Pain Research and Therapy, Department of Neurology, Universitatsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Germany
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Wodarski R, Bagdas D, Paris JJ, Pheby T, Toma W, Xu R, Damaj MI, Knapp PE, Rice AS, Hauser KF. Reduced intraepidermal nerve fibre density, glial activation, and sensory changes in HIV type-1 Tat-expressing female mice: involvement of Tat during early stages of HIV-associated painful sensory neuropathy. Pain Rep 2018; 3:e654. [PMID: 29922746 PMCID: PMC5999412 DOI: 10.1097/pr9.0000000000000654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2017] [Revised: 02/19/2018] [Accepted: 03/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION HIV infection is associated with chronic pain states, including sensory neuropathy, which affects greater than 40% of patients. OBJECTIVES AND METHODS To determine the impact of HIV-Tat induction on nociceptive behaviour in female mice conditionally expressing HIV Tat1-86 protein through a doxycycline (DOX)-driven glial fibrillary acidic protein promoter, intraepidermal nerve fibre density and immune cell activation in the dorsal root ganglion (DRG) and spinal cord were assessed by immunohistochemistry. Mice were assessed for mechanical and thermal sensitivity for 9 weeks using von-Frey and Hargreaves tests. RESULTS Intraepidermal nerve fibre density was significantly reduced after 6 weeks of Tat induction, similar to sensory neuropathy seen in clinical HIV infection. Tat induction through DOX caused a significant reduction in paw withdrawal thresholds in a time-dependent manner starting the 4th week after Tat induction. No changes in paw withdrawal latencies were seen in Tat(-) control mice lacking the tat transgene. Although reductions in paw withdrawal thresholds increased throughout the study, no significant change in spontaneous motor activity was observed. Spinal cord (cervical and lumbar), DRG, and hind paw skin were collected at 8 days and 6 weeks after Tat induction. HIV-Tat mRNA expression was significantly increased in lumbar DRG and skin samples 8 days after DOX treatment. Tat induced a significant increase in the number of Iba-1 positive cells at 6 weeks, but not after 8 days, of exposure. No differences in glial fibrillary acidic protein immunoreactivity were observed. CONCLUSION These results suggest that Tat protein contributes to painful HIV-related sensory neuropathy during the initial stages of the pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Wodarski
- Pain Research Group, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital Campus, London, United Kingdom
| | - Deniz Bagdas
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Jason J. Paris
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
- Department of BioMolecular Sciences, University of Mississippi, University, MS, USA
| | - Tim Pheby
- Pain Research Group, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital Campus, London, United Kingdom
| | - Wisam Toma
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Ruqiang Xu
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - M. Imad Damaj
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Pamela E. Knapp
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Andrew S.C. Rice
- Pain Research Group, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital Campus, London, United Kingdom
| | - Kurt F. Hauser
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
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Wu B, Ma Y, Yi Z, Liu S, Rao S, Zou L, Wang S, Xue Y, Jia T, Zhao S, Shi L, Li L, Yuan H, Liang S. Resveratrol-decreased hyperalgesia mediated by the P2X 7 receptor in gp120-treated rats. Mol Pain 2018; 13:1744806917707667. [PMID: 28554250 PMCID: PMC5453631 DOI: 10.1177/1744806917707667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Chronic pain is a common symptom in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 infection/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome patients. The literature shows that the HIV envelope glycoprotein 120 (gp120) can directly cause hyperalgesia by stimulating primary sensory afferent nerves. The P2X7 receptor in the dorsal root ganglia (DRG) is closely related to neuropathic and inflammatory pain. In this study, we aimed to explore the effect of resveratrol (RES) on gp120-induced neuropathic pain that is mediated by the P2X7 receptor in the rat DRG. Results Mechanical hyperalgesia in rats treated with gp120 was increased compared with that in the sham group. The P2X7 expression levels in rats treated with gp120 were higher than those in the sham group. Co-localization of the P2X7 receptor and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP, a marker of satellite glial cells [SGCs]) in the DRG SGCs of the gp120 group exhibited more intense staining than that of the sham group. RES decreased the mechanical hyperalgesia and P2X7 expression levels in gp120 treatment rats. Co-localization of the P2X7 receptor and GFAP in the gp120+ RES group was significantly decreased compared to the gp120 group. RES decreased the IL-1β and TNF-α receptor (R) expression levels and ERK1/2 phosphorylation levels as well as increased IL-10 expression in the DRG of gp120-treated rats. Whole cell clamping demonstrated that RES significantly inhibited adenosine triphosphate-activated currents in HEK293 cells that were transfected with the P2X7 plasmid. Conclusions RES relieved mechanical hyperalgesia in gp120-treated rats by inhibiting the P2X7 receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Wu
- 1 Department of Physiology, Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Yucheng Ma
- 2 Queen Mary School, Medical College of Nanchang University Nanchang, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhihua Yi
- 1 Department of Physiology, Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuangmei Liu
- 1 Department of Physiology, Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Shenqiang Rao
- 1 Department of Physiology, Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Lifang Zou
- 1 Department of Physiology, Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Shouyu Wang
- 1 Department of Physiology, Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun Xue
- 1 Department of Physiology, Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianyu Jia
- 1 Department of Physiology, Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Shanhong Zhao
- 1 Department of Physiology, Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Liran Shi
- 1 Department of Physiology, Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Li
- 1 Department of Physiology, Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Huilong Yuan
- 1 Department of Physiology, Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Shangdong Liang
- 1 Department of Physiology, Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
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Shi L, Wu B, Yi Z, Zhao S, Zou L, Li L, Yuan H, Jia T, Liu S, Liu H, Gao Y, Li G, Xu H, Zhang C, Liang S. P2Y 12 shRNA treatment relieved HIV gp120-induced neuropathic pain in rats. Neurochem Int 2018; 112:259-266. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2017.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2017] [Revised: 08/02/2017] [Accepted: 08/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Phosphorylated CCAAT/Enhancer Binding Protein β Contributes to Rat HIV-Related Neuropathic Pain: In Vitro and In Vivo Studies. J Neurosci 2017; 38:555-574. [PMID: 29196315 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.3647-16.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2016] [Revised: 11/01/2017] [Accepted: 11/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic pain is increasingly recognized as an important comorbidity of HIV-infected patients, however, the exact molecular mechanisms of HIV-related pain are still elusive. CCAAT/enhancer binding proteins (C/EBPs) are expressed in various tissues, including the CNS. C/EBPβ, one of the C/EBPs, is involved in the progression of HIV/AIDS, but the exact role of C/EBPβ and its upstream factors are not clear in HIV pain state. Here, we used a neuropathic pain model of perineural HIV envelope glycoprotein gp120 application onto the rat sciatic nerve to test the role of phosphorylated C/EBPβ (pC/EBPβ) and its upstream pathway in the spinal cord dorsal horn (SCDH). HIV gp120 induced overexpression of pC/EBPβ in the ipsilateral SCDH compared with contralateral SCDH. Inhibition of C/EBPβ using siRNA against C/EBPβ reduced mechanical allodynia. HIV gp120 also increased TNFα, TNFRI, mitochondrial superoxide (mtO2·-), and pCREB in the ipsilateral SCDH. ChIP-qPCR assay showed that pCREB enrichment on the C/EBPβ gene promoter regions in rats with gp120 was higher than that in sham rats. Intrathecal TNF soluble receptor I (functionally blocking TNFα bioactivity) or knockdown of TNFRI using antisense oligodeoxynucleotide against TNFRI reduced mechanical allodynia, and decreased mtO2·-, pCREB and pC/EBPβ. Intrathecal Mito-tempol (a mitochondria-targeted O2·-scavenger) reduced mechanical allodynia and decreased pCREB and pC/EBPβ. Knockdown of CREB with antisense oligodeoxynucleotide against CREB reduced mechanical allodynia and lowered pC/EBPβ. These results suggested that the pathway of TNFα/TNFRI-mtO2·--pCREB triggers pC/EBPβ in the HIV gp120-induced neuropathic pain state. Furthermore, we confirmed the pathway using both cultured neurons treated with recombinant TNFα in vitro and repeated intrathecal injection of recombinant TNFα in naive rats. This finding provides new insights in the understanding of the HIV neuropathic pain mechanisms and treatment.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Painful HIV-associated sensory neuropathy is a neurological complication of HIV infection. Phosphorylated C/EBPβ (pC/EBPβ) influences AIDS progression, but it is still not clear about the exact role of pC/EBPβ and the detailed upstream factors of pC/EBPβ in HIV-related pain. In a neuropathic pain model of perineural HIV gp120 application onto the sciatic nerve, we found that pC/EBPβ was triggered by TNFα/TNFRI-mtO2·--pCREB signaling pathway. The pathway was confirmed by using cultured neurons treated with recombinant TNFα in vitro, and by repeated intrathecal injection of recombinant TNFα in naive rats. The present results revealed the functional significance of TNFα/TNFRI-mtO2·--pCREB-pC/EBPβ signaling in HIV neuropathic pain, and should help in the development of more specific treatments for neuropathic pain.
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Yi Z, Xie L, Zhou C, Yuan H, Ouyang S, Fang Z, Zhao S, Jia T, Zou L, Wang S, Xue Y, Wu B, Gao Y, Li G, Liu S, Xu H, Xu C, Zhang C, Liang S. P2Y 12 receptor upregulation in satellite glial cells is involved in neuropathic pain induced by HIV glycoprotein 120 and 2',3'-dideoxycytidine. Purinergic Signal 2017; 14:47-58. [PMID: 29159762 DOI: 10.1007/s11302-017-9594-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2017] [Accepted: 11/02/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The direct neurotoxicity of HIV and neurotoxicity of combination antiretroviral therapy medications both contribute to the development of neuropathic pain. Activation of satellite glial cells (SGCs) in the dorsal root ganglia (DRG) plays a crucial role in mechanical and thermal hyperalgesia. The P2Y12 receptor expressed in SGCs of the DRG is involved in pain transmission. In this study, we explored the role of the P2Y12 receptor in neuropathic pain induced by HIV envelope glycoprotein 120 (gp120) combined with ddC (2',3'-dideoxycytidine). A rat model of gp120+ddC-induced neuropathic pain was used. Peripheral nerve exposure to HIV-gp120+ddC increased mechanical and thermal hyperalgesia in gp120+ddC-treated model rats. The gp120+ddC treatment increased expression of P2Y12 receptor mRNA and protein in DRG SGCs. In primary cultured DRG SGCs treated with gp120+ddC, the levels of [Ca2+]i activated by the P2Y12 receptor agonist 2-(Methylthio) adenosine 5'-diphosphate trisodium salt (2-MeSADP) were significantly increased. P2Y12 receptor shRNA treatment inhibited 2-MeSADP-induced [Ca2+]i in primary cultured DRG SGCs treated with gp120+ddC. Intrathecal treatment with a shRNA against P2Y12 receptor in DRG SGCs reduced the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines, decreased phosphorylation of p38 MAPK in the DRG of gp120+ddC-treated rats. Thus, downregulating the P2Y12 receptor relieved mechanical and thermal hyperalgesia in gp120+ddC-treated rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihua Yi
- School of life Sciences of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, People's Republic of China
- Department of Physiology, Basic Medical School of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, People's Republic of China
- Nursing College, Medical School of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, People's Republic of China
| | - Lihui Xie
- Undergraduate student of Clinic Medicine School of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, People's Republic of China
| | - Congfa Zhou
- Department of Physiology, Basic Medical School of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, People's Republic of China
| | - Huilong Yuan
- Department of Physiology, Basic Medical School of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuai Ouyang
- Undergraduate student of Clinic Medicine School of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi Fang
- Undergraduate student of Clinic Medicine School of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, People's Republic of China
| | - Shanhong Zhao
- Department of Physiology, Basic Medical School of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianyu Jia
- Department of Physiology, Basic Medical School of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, People's Republic of China
| | - Lifang Zou
- Department of Physiology, Basic Medical School of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, People's Republic of China
| | - Shouyu Wang
- Department of Physiology, Basic Medical School of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun Xue
- Department of Physiology, Basic Medical School of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, People's Republic of China
| | - Bing Wu
- Department of Physiology, Basic Medical School of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun Gao
- Department of Physiology, Basic Medical School of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, People's Republic of China
| | - Guilin Li
- Department of Physiology, Basic Medical School of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuangmei Liu
- Department of Physiology, Basic Medical School of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong Xu
- Department of Physiology, Basic Medical School of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, People's Republic of China
| | - Changshui Xu
- Department of Physiology, Basic Medical School of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunping Zhang
- Department of Physiology, Basic Medical School of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, People's Republic of China
| | - Shangdong Liang
- School of life Sciences of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, People's Republic of China.
- Department of Physiology, Basic Medical School of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, People's Republic of China.
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Abstract
HIV-associated sensory neuropathy (HIV-SN) is the most frequent manifestation of HIV disease. It often presents with significant neuropathic pain and is associated with previous exposure to neurotoxic nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors. However, HIV-SN prevalence remains high even in resource-rich settings where these drugs are no longer used. Previous evidence suggests that exposure to indinavir, a protease inhibitor commonly used in antiretroviral therapy, may link to elevated HIV-SN risk. Here, we investigated whether indinavir treatment was associated with the development of a "dying back" axonal neuropathy and changes in pain-relevant limb withdrawal and thigmotactic behaviours. After 2 intravenous injections of indinavir (50 mg/kg, 4 days apart), adult rats developed hind paw mechanical hypersensitivity, which peaked around 2 weeks post first injection (44% reduction from baseline). At this time, animals also had (1) significantly changed thigmotactic behaviour (62% reduction in central zone entries) comparing with the controls and (2) a significant reduction (45%) in hind paw intraepidermal nerve fibre density. Treatment with gabapentin, but not amitriptyline, was associated with a complete attenuation of hind paw mechanical hypersensitivity observed with indinavir treatment. Furthermore, we found a small but significant increase in microglia with the effector morphology in the lumbar spinal dorsal horn in indinavir-treated animals, coupled with significantly increased expression of phospho-p38 in microglia. In summary, we have reported neuropathic pain-related sensory and behavioural changes accompanied by a significant loss of hind paw skin sensory innervation in a rat model of indinavir-induced peripheral neuropathy that is suitable for further pathophysiological investigation and preclinical evaluation of novel analgesics.
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Kumar A, Kaur H, Singh A. Neuropathic Pain models caused by damage to central or peripheral nervous system. Pharmacol Rep 2017; 70:206-216. [PMID: 29475003 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharep.2017.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2017] [Revised: 08/24/2017] [Accepted: 09/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Neuropathic Pain (NP) is a painful condition which is a direct consequence of a lesion or disease affecting the somatosensory system with symptoms like allodynia, hyperalgesia. It has complex pathogenesis as it involves several molecular signaling pathways, thus numerous reliable animal models are crucial to understand the underlying mechanism of NP and formulate effective management therapy. Some models like spinal cord injury, chronic constriction injury, spinal nerve ligation, chemotherapy induced peripheral neuropathy, diabetes-induced NP and many more are discussed. This review contains an overview of the procedures followed to induce neuropathy and specific characteristics of that particular model. Some new techniques like spared nerve ligation, have omitted the limitation of methods not presently used where complete nerve damage occurs. Since animal models provide a window to experienced symptoms and physiology and impact the translation of bench discoveries to the bedside, the reporting, interpretation and comparison of these models is necessary because slight variation in procedure of model generation can drastically alter the results. The development of novel, but rational analgesic drugs to alleviate this intractable pain demands elucidation of molecular mechanisms of NP for which different types of animal models have been established.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anil Kumar
- Pharmacology Division, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UGC Centre of Advanced Study (UGC-CAS), Panjab University, Chandigarh, India.
| | - Harshpreet Kaur
- Pharmacology Division, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UGC Centre of Advanced Study (UGC-CAS), Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Arti Singh
- Pharmacology Division, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UGC Centre of Advanced Study (UGC-CAS), Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
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Zhao S, Yang J, Han X, Gong Y, Rao S, Wu B, Yi Z, Zou L, Jia T, Li L, Yuan H, Shi L, Zhang C, Gao Y, Li G, Liu S, Xu H, Liu H, Liang S. Effects of nanoparticle-encapsulated curcumin on HIV-gp120-associated neuropathic pain induced by the P2X 3 receptor in dorsal root ganglia. Brain Res Bull 2017; 135:53-61. [PMID: 28962965 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2017.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2017] [Revised: 09/14/2017] [Accepted: 09/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein (Glycoprotein 120, gp120) can directly stimulate primary sensory afferent neurons and cause chronic neuropathic pain. The P2X3 receptor in the dorsal root ganglia (DRG) is associated with the transmission of neuropathic pain. Curcumin isolated from the herb Curcuma rhizome has anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor effects. The water solubility, targeting and bioavailability of curcumin can be improved by nanoparticle encapsulation. In this study, we sought to explore the effects of nanoparticle-encapsulated curcumin (nano curcumin) on HIV-gp120-induced neuropathic pain mediated by the P2X3 receptor in DRG neurons. The results showed that mechanical and thermal hyperalgesia in rats treated with gp120 were increased compared to those in the control group. The expression levels of P2X3 mRNA and protein in rats treated with gp120 were higher than those in the control group. Nano curcumin treatment decreased mechanical hyperalgesia and thermal hyperalgesia and upregulated the expression levels of P2X3 mRNA and protein in rats treated with gp120. Nano curcumin treatment also reduced the ERK1/2 phosphorylation levels in gp120-treated rat DRG. In addition, P2X3 agonist α,β-methylene ATP (α,β-meATP)-induced currents in DRG neurons cultured with gp120 significantly decreased after co-treatment with nano curcumin. Therefore, nano curcumin treatment may inhibit P2X3 activation, decrease the sensitizing DRG primary afferents and relieve mechanical hyperalgesia and thermal hyperalgesia in gp120-treated rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanhong Zhao
- Department of Physiology, Medical School of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, People's Republic of China; Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Autonomic Nervous Function and Disease, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinpu Yang
- Queen Mary School, Medical College of Nanchang University Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinyao Han
- Undergraduate Student of the First Clinical Department, Medical School of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingxin Gong
- Undergraduate Student of the First Clinical Department, Medical School of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, People's Republic of China
| | - Shenqiang Rao
- Department of Physiology, Medical School of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, People's Republic of China; Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Autonomic Nervous Function and Disease, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, People's Republic of China
| | - Bing Wu
- Department of Physiology, Medical School of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, People's Republic of China; Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Autonomic Nervous Function and Disease, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhihua Yi
- Department of Physiology, Medical School of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, People's Republic of China; Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Autonomic Nervous Function and Disease, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, People's Republic of China; Nursing College, Medical School of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, People's Republic of China
| | - Lifang Zou
- Department of Physiology, Medical School of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, People's Republic of China; Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Autonomic Nervous Function and Disease, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianyu Jia
- Department of Physiology, Medical School of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, People's Republic of China; Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Autonomic Nervous Function and Disease, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Li
- Department of Physiology, Medical School of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, People's Republic of China; Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Autonomic Nervous Function and Disease, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, People's Republic of China
| | - Huilong Yuan
- Department of Physiology, Medical School of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, People's Republic of China; Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Autonomic Nervous Function and Disease, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, People's Republic of China
| | - Liran Shi
- Department of Physiology, Medical School of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, People's Republic of China; Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Autonomic Nervous Function and Disease, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunping Zhang
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Autonomic Nervous Function and Disease, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, People's Republic of China; Department of Cell Biology, Medical School of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun Gao
- Department of Physiology, Medical School of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, People's Republic of China; Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Autonomic Nervous Function and Disease, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, People's Republic of China
| | - Guilin Li
- Department of Physiology, Medical School of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, People's Republic of China; Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Autonomic Nervous Function and Disease, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuangmei Liu
- Department of Physiology, Medical School of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, People's Republic of China; Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Autonomic Nervous Function and Disease, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong Xu
- Department of Physiology, Medical School of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, People's Republic of China; Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Autonomic Nervous Function and Disease, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Liu
- Department of Physiology, Medical School of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, People's Republic of China; Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Autonomic Nervous Function and Disease, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, People's Republic of China
| | - Shangdong Liang
- Department of Physiology, Medical School of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, People's Republic of China; Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Autonomic Nervous Function and Disease, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, People's Republic of China.
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The P2X 7 receptor in dorsal root ganglia is involved in HIV gp120-associated neuropathic pain. Brain Res Bull 2017; 135:25-32. [PMID: 28919433 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2017.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2016] [Revised: 05/10/2017] [Accepted: 09/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-associated neuropathic pain is common, and studies have shown that HIV envelope glycoprotein 120 (gp120) can directly stimulate primary sensory afferent neurons causing hyperalgesia. The P2X7 receptor in the dorsal root ganglia (DRG) is involved in pain transmission and is closely related to the inflammatory and immune response. In this study, we aimed to explore the role of the P2X7 receptor in gp120-induced neuropathic pain using a rat model specific for this type of pain. The results showed that mechanical hyperalgesia, thermal hyperalgesia and P2X7 expression levels were increased in rats treated with gp120. The P2X7 antagonist, brilliant blue G (BBG), decreased hyperalgesia and P2X7 expression levels in rats treated with gp120. BBG also decreased IL-1β and TNF-α receptor expression and ERK1/2 phosphorylation levels and increased IL-10 expression in the gp120-treated rat DRG. In addition, P2X7 agonist (BzATP)-activated currents in DRG neurons cultured with gp120 were larger than those in control neurons, and the inhibitory effect of BBG on BzATP-induced currents in gp120-treated DRG neurons was larger than that in control neurons. Therefore, inhibition of the P2X7 receptor in rat DRG relieved gp120-induced mechanical hyperalgesia and thermal hyperalgesia.
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Zhao H, Alam A, Chen Q, Eusman M, Pal A, Eguchi S, Wu L, Ma D. The role of microglia in the pathobiology of neuropathic pain development: what do we know? Br J Anaesth 2017; 118:504-516. [DOI: 10.1093/bja/aex006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/30/2023] Open
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Munawar N, Oriowo MA, Masocha W. Antihyperalgesic Activities of Endocannabinoids in a Mouse Model of Antiretroviral-Induced Neuropathic Pain. Front Pharmacol 2017; 8:136. [PMID: 28373843 PMCID: PMC5357623 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2017] [Accepted: 03/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) are the cornerstone of the antiretroviral therapy for human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immune deficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS). However, their use is sometimes limited by the development of a painful sensory neuropathy, which does not respond well to drugs. Smoked cannabis has been reported in clinical trials to have efficacy in relieving painful HIV-associated sensory neuropathy. Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate whether the expression of endocannabinoid system molecules is altered during NRTI-induced painful neuropathy, and also whether endocannabinoids can attenuate NRTI-induced painful neuropathy. Methods: BALB/c mice were treated with 25 mg/kg of 2',3'-dideoxycytidine (ddC, zalcitabine), a NRTI, to induce thermal hyperalgesia. The expression of endocannabinoid system molecules was evaluated by real time polymerase chain reaction in the brain, spinal cord and paw skin at 6 days post ddC administration, a time point when mice had developed thermal hyperalgesia. The effects of the endocannabinoids, N-arachidonoyl ethanolamine (AEA) and 2-arachidonoyl glycerol (2-AG), the cannabinoid type 1 (CB1) receptor antagonist AM 251, CB2 receptor antagonist AM 630, and G protein-coupled receptor 55 (GPR55) antagonists ML193 and CID 16020046 on ddC-induced thermal hyperalgesia were evaluated using the hot plate test. Results: ddC treatment resulted in thermal hyperalgesia and increased transcripts of the synthesizing enzyme Plcβ1 and decreased Daglβ in the paw skins, but not Napepld, and Daglα compared to vehicle treatment. Transcripts of the inactivating enzymes Faah and Mgll were downregulated in the brain and/or paw skin but not in the spinal cord of ddC-treated mice. Both AEA and 2-AG had antihyperalgesic effects in mice with ddC-induced thermal hyperalgesia, but had no effect in ddC-naïve mice. The antihyperalgesic activity of AEA was antagonized by AM251 and AM630, whereas the activity of 2-AG was antagonized by AM251, ML193 and CID 16020046, but not by AM630. Conclusion: These data show that ddC induces thermal hyperalgesia, which is associated with dysregulation of the mRNA expression of some endocannabinoid system molecules. The endocannabinoids AEA and 2-AG have antihyperalgesic activity, which is dependent on cannabinoid receptor and GPR55 activation. Thus, agonists of cannabinoid receptors and GPR55 could be useful therapeutic agents for the management of NRTI-induced painful sensory neuropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha Munawar
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait UniversitySafat, Kuwait; Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kuwait UniversitySafat, Kuwait
| | - Mabayoje A Oriowo
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University Safat, Kuwait
| | - Willias Masocha
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kuwait University Safat, Kuwait
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Formalin injection produces long-lasting hypersensitivity with characteristics of neuropathic pain. Eur J Pharmacol 2017; 797:83-93. [PMID: 28095324 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2017.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2016] [Revised: 01/11/2017] [Accepted: 01/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate whether 1%, 2% or 5% formalin injection produce hypersensitivity with characteristics of the neuropathic pain induced by spinal nerve injury. Formalin injection (1%, 2% and 5%) produced concentration-dependent long-lasting (at least 14 days) mechanical allodynia and hyperalgesia in both paws. Likewise, L5/L6 spinal nerve ligation induced allodynia and hyperalgesia in both paws. The intensity of hypersensitivity was greater in the ipsilateral than in the contralateral paw in all models. Systemic gabapentin or morphine completely reduced 1% formalin-induced hypersensitivity. In contrast, both drugs were not able to fully diminish 2-5% formalin- and nerve injury-induced hypersensitivity. Indomethacin produced a significant effect in the chronic 1% formalin test. Conversely, this drug did not modify 2 or 5% formalin- and nerve injury-induced hypersensitivity. Spinal nerve injury and 2-5%, but not 1%, formalin injection enhanced ATF3 protein expression and immunofluorescence in dorsal root ganglia (DRG) in a time-dependent manner. Furthermore, 2-5%, but not 1%, formalin injection or spinal nerve injury also enhanced α2δ-1 subunit protein levels in DRG. Our results suggest that 5% and, at lesser extent, 2% formalin injection produces long-lasting hypersensitivity with a pharmacological and molecular pattern that resembles neuropathic pain induced by spinal nerve ligation.
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Yi Z, Rao S, Ouyang S, Bai Y, Yang J, Ma Y, Han X, Wu B, Zou L, Jia T, Zhao S, Hu X, Lei Q, Gao Y, Liu S, Xu H, Zhang C, Liang S, Li G. A317491 relieved HIV gp120-associated neuropathic pain involved in P2X 3 receptor in dorsal root ganglia. Brain Res Bull 2017; 130:81-89. [PMID: 28065732 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2017.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2016] [Revised: 12/21/2016] [Accepted: 01/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Glycoprotein 120 (gp120) is an HIV envelope glycoprotein. Gp120 can directly stimulate the primary sensory afferent neurons and cause hyperalgesia. The P2X3 receptor in dorsal root ganglia (DRG) is involved in the transmission of pain. In this study, we aimed to explore the role of the P2X3 receptor in gp120-induced neuropathic pain. Our data showed that mechanical and thermal hyperalgesia in rats treated with gp120 were increased compared to those in the control group. The expression levels of the P2X3 mRNA and protein in rats treated with gp120 were higher than those in the control group. The P2X3 antagonist A317491 decreased mechanical hyperalgesia and thermal hyperalgesia and the up-regulated expression levels of P2X3 mRNA and protein in rats treated with gp120. A317491 decreased ERK1/2 phosphorylation levels in the gp120-treated rat DRG. In addition, P2X3 agonist α,β-methylene ATP (α,β-meATP)-activated currents in DRG neurons cultured with gp120 were higher than those in control neurons. The inhibitory effect of A317491 on α,βme-ATP-induced currents in DRG neurons from the gp120-treated neurons was larger than that for control neurons. Molecular docking data showed that A317491 may be acted in the gp120 protein to inhibit the gp120 initiated the P2X3 activation, decrease the sensitizing DRG primary afferents and reduce the signal transmission of neuropathic pain in gp120-treated rats. Therefore, the inhibition of the P2X3 receptor in rat DRG neurons relieved gp120-induced mechanical hyperalgesia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihua Yi
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, People's Republic of China; Nursing College, Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, People's Republic of China
| | - Shenqiang Rao
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuai Ouyang
- Department of the First Clinical, Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Bai
- Department of the First Clinical, Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinpu Yang
- Queen Mary School, Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, People's Republic of China
| | - Yucheng Ma
- Queen Mary School, Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinyao Han
- Department of the First Clinical, Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, People's Republic of China
| | - Bing Wu
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, People's Republic of China
| | - Lifang Zou
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianyu Jia
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, People's Republic of China
| | - Shanhong Zhao
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaju Hu
- Nursing College, Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiongqiong Lei
- Nursing College, Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun Gao
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuangmei Liu
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong Xu
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunping Zhang
- Department of Cell Biology, Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, People's Republic of China
| | - Shangdong Liang
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, People's Republic of China.
| | - Guilin Li
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, People's Republic of China.
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Wodarski R, Delaney A, Ultenius C, Morland R, Andrews N, Baastrup C, Bryden LA, Caspani O, Christoph T, Gardiner NJ, Huang W, Kennedy JD, Koyama S, Li D, Ligocki M, Lindsten A, Machin I, Pekcec A, Robens A, Rotariu SM, Voß S, Segerdahl M, Stenfors C, Svensson CI, Treede RD, Uto K, Yamamoto K, Rutten K, Rice AS. Cross-centre replication of suppressed burrowing behaviour as an ethologically relevant pain outcome measure in the rat: a prospective multicentre study. Pain 2016; 157:2350-65. [PMID: 27643836 PMCID: PMC5028161 DOI: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000000657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2016] [Revised: 05/19/2016] [Accepted: 05/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Burrowing, an ethologically relevant rodent behaviour, has been proposed as a novel outcome measure to assess the global impact of pain in rats. In a prospective multicentre study using male rats (Wistar, Sprague-Dawley), replication of suppressed burrowing behaviour in the complete Freund adjuvant (CFA)-induced model of inflammatory pain (unilateral, 1 mg/mL in 100 µL) was evaluated in 11 studies across 8 centres. Following a standard protocol, data from participating centres were collected centrally and analysed with a restricted maximum likelihood-based mixed model for repeated measures. The total population (TP-all animals allocated to treatment; n = 249) and a selected population (SP-TP animals burrowing over 500 g at baseline; n = 200) were analysed separately, assessing the effect of excluding "poor" burrowers. Mean baseline burrowing across studies was 1113 g (95% confidence interval: 1041-1185 g) for TP and 1329 g (1271-1387 g) for SP. Burrowing was significantly suppressed in the majority of studies 24 hours (7 studies/population) and 48 hours (7 TP, 6 SP) after CFA injections. Across all centres, significantly suppressed burrowing peaked 24 hours after CFA injections, with a burrowing deficit of -374 g (-479 to -269 g) for TP and -498 g (-609 to -386 g) for SP. This unique multicentre approach first provided high-quality evidence evaluating suppressed burrowing as robust and reproducible, supporting its use as tool to infer the global effect of pain on rodents. Second, our approach provided important informative value for the use of multicentre studies in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Wodarski
- Pain Research Group, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom
- Eli Lilly and Company, Erl Wood Manor, Windlesham, United Kingdom
| | - Ada Delaney
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Camilla Ultenius
- Neuroscience CNSP iMED, AstraZeneca R&D Södertälje, Södertälje, Sweden
| | - Rosie Morland
- Pain Research Group, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom
| | - Nick Andrews
- Department of Neurobiology, Boston Children's Hospital, MA, USA
| | - Catherine Baastrup
- Danish Pain Research Center, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Luke A. Bryden
- CNS Disease Division Research Germany, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH and Co KG, Biberach an der Riss, Germany
| | - Ombretta Caspani
- Department of Neurophysiology, Centre for Biomedicine and Medical Technology Mannheim (CBTM), Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Thomas Christoph
- Department of Pharmacology and Biomarker Development, Translational Science and Strategy, Grünenthal GmbH, Aachen, Germany
| | - Natalie J. Gardiner
- Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Wenlong Huang
- Pain Research Group, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Suguru Koyama
- Laboratory for Pharmacology, Pharmaceutical Research Center, Asahi Kasei Pharma Corporation, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Dominic Li
- Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Marcin Ligocki
- Eli Lilly and Company, Erl Wood Manor, Windlesham, United Kingdom
| | | | - Ian Machin
- Deal, Kent, United Kingdom. L. A. Bryden is now with the Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom. W. Huang is now with the Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, United Kingdom. C. Stenfors is now with the R&D CNS Research, Orion Corporation, Orion Pharma, Espoo, Finland
| | - Anton Pekcec
- CNS Disease Division Research Germany, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH and Co KG, Biberach an der Riss, Germany
| | - Angela Robens
- Department of Pharmacology and Biomarker Development, Translational Science and Strategy, Grünenthal GmbH, Aachen, Germany
| | - Sanziana M. Rotariu
- Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Sabrina Voß
- Department of Neurophysiology, Centre for Biomedicine and Medical Technology Mannheim (CBTM), Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Marta Segerdahl
- Neuroscience CNSP iMED, AstraZeneca R&D Södertälje, Södertälje, Sweden
- H. Lundbeck A/S, Valby, Denmark
| | - Carina Stenfors
- Neuroscience CNSP iMED, AstraZeneca R&D Södertälje, Södertälje, Sweden
| | - Camilla I. Svensson
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Rolf-Detlef Treede
- Department of Neurophysiology, Centre for Biomedicine and Medical Technology Mannheim (CBTM), Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Katsuhiro Uto
- Laboratory for Pharmacology, Pharmaceutical Research Center, Asahi Kasei Pharma Corporation, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Kazumi Yamamoto
- Laboratory for Pharmacology, Pharmaceutical Research Center, Asahi Kasei Pharma Corporation, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Kris Rutten
- Department of Pharmacology and Biomarker Development, Translational Science and Strategy, Grünenthal GmbH, Aachen, Germany
| | - Andrew S.C. Rice
- Pain Research Group, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom
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Shi Y, Shu J, Liang Z, Yuan S, Tang SJ. EXPRESS: Oligodendrocytes in HIV-associated pain pathogenesis. Mol Pain 2016; 12:12/0/1744806916656845. [PMID: 27306410 PMCID: PMC4956145 DOI: 10.1177/1744806916656845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Although the contributions of microglia and astrocytes to chronic pain pathogenesis have been a focal point of investigation in recent years, the potential role of oligodendrocytes, another major type of glial cells in the CNS that generates myelin, remains largely unknown. Results We report here that cell markers of the oligodendrocyte lineage, including NG2, PDGFRα, and Olig2, are significantly increased in the spinal dorsal horn of HIV patients who developed chronic pain. The levels of myelin proteins myelin basic protein and proteolipid protein are also aberrant in the spinal dorsal horn of “pain-positive” HIV patients. Similarly, the oligodendrocyte and myelin markers are up-regulated in the spinal dorsal horn of a mouse model of HIV-1 gp120-induced pain. Surprisingly, the expression of gp120-induced mechanical allodynia appears intact up to 4 h after myelin basic protein is knocked down or knocked out. Conclusion These findings suggest that oligodendrocytes are reactive during the pathogenesis of HIV-associated pain. However, interfering with myelination does not alter the induction of gp120-induced pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqiang Shi
- University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston
| | | | - Zongsuo Liang
- University of Texas Medical Branch at GalvestonUniversity of Texas Medical Branch at GalvestonUniversity of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston
| | - Subo Yuan
- University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston
| | - Shao-Jun Tang
- University of Texas Medical Branch at GalvestonUniversity of Texas Medical Branch at GalvestonUniversity of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston
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Sagen J, Castellanos DA, Hama AT. Antinociceptive effects of topical mepivacaine in a rat model of HIV-associated peripheral neuropathic pain. J Pain Res 2016; 9:361-71. [PMID: 27350758 PMCID: PMC4902250 DOI: 10.2147/jpr.s104397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background A consequence of HIV infection is sensory neuropathy, a debilitating condition that degrades the quality of life of HIV patients. Furthermore, life-extending antiretroviral treatment may exacerbate HIV sensory neuropathy. Analgesics that relieve other neuropathic pains show little or no efficacy in ameliorating HIV sensory neuropathy. Thus, there is a need for analgesics for people with this particular pain. While lidocaine is used in the management of painful peripheral neuropathies, another local anesthetic mepivacaine, with a potentially improved bioavailability, could be utilized for the management of HIV neuropathic pain. Methods The efficacy of topical anesthetics was evaluated in a preclinical rodent model of painful peripheral neuropathy induced by epineural administration of the HIV envelope protein gp120 delivered using saturated oxidized cellulose implanted around the sciatic nerve. Beginning at 2 weeks following gp120 administration, the effects of local anesthetics topically applied via gauze pads were tested on heat and mechanical hyperalgesia in the hind paw. Rats were tested using several concentrations of mepivacaine or lidocaine during the following 2 weeks. Results By 2 weeks following epineural gp120 implantation, the ipsilateral hind paw developed significant hypersensitivity to noxious pressure and heat hyperalgesia. A short-lasting, concentration-dependent amelioration of pressure and heat hyperalgesia was observed following topical application of mepivacaine to the ipsilateral plantar hind paw. By contrast, topical lidocaine ameliorated heat hyperalgesia in a concentration-dependent manner but not pressure hyperalgesia. Equipotent concentrations of mepivacaine and lidocaine applied topically to the tail of mice significantly increased tail withdrawal latencies in the tail flick test, demonstrating that both local anesthetics attenuate responding to a brief noxious stimulus. Conclusion These findings showed that mepivacaine, rather than lidocaine, consistently attenuated two distinct symptoms of neuropathic pain and suggest that topical formulations of this local anesthetic could have utility in the alleviation of clinical HIV neuropathic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline Sagen
- The Miami Project to Cure Paralysis, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Daniel A Castellanos
- The Miami Project to Cure Paralysis, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Aldric T Hama
- The Miami Project to Cure Paralysis, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
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