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Stocker R, Gupta A, Taylor GS, Shaw JA, West DJ. Adapting to compromised routines: Parental perspectives on physical activity and health for children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes in the UK during COVID-19 lockdown. J Pediatr Nurs 2024; 77:e242-e250. [PMID: 38658303 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedn.2024.04.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE To determine how COVID-19 lockdown impacted physical activity (PA) levels, wellbeing, and diabetes management in children (aged 0-17 years) with type 1 diabetes (T1D), from the perspectives of their parent/guardian. DESIGN AND METHODS This qualitative descriptive study is part of a larger, parallel mixed-methods design study, which incorporated a cross-sectional survey and semi-structured one-to-one interviews. Interviewees were recruited from the survey, which was distributed to parents of children/adolescents with T1D in the UK. Interviews explored diabetes management, mental and physical wellbeing, changes in PA levels, sleep quality before/during lockdown, and the effects of lockdown on the individual and their family. The interviews were transcribed and the data were analysed thematically. RESULTS 14 interviews were conducted with parents. Thematic analysis generated a central theme of routine disruption, with four further themes on diabetes management routines, harnessing the opportunities of lockdown, weighing up risk, and variable impact on wellbeing. CONCLUSIONS Maintaining or increasing PA during COVID-19 lockdown was associated with better diabetes management, sleep, and wellbeing for children/adolescents with T1D, despite significant disruption to established routines. Use of technology during the pandemic contributed positively to wellbeing. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS It is crucial to emphasize the significance of maintaining a well-structured routine when treating patients with type 1 diabetes. A consistent routine, incorporating regular physical exercise and good sleep hygiene, will help with managing overall diabetes control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Stocker
- School of Biomedical, Nutritional and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Dame Margaret Barbour Building, Newcastle University, Framlington Place, Newcastle-upon-Tyne NE2 4DR, United Kingdom.
| | - Alisha Gupta
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Dame Margaret Barbour Building, Newcastle University, Framlington Place, Newcastle-upon-Tyne NE2 4DR, United Kingdom; University Hospital of North Tees, Hardwick Rd, Hardwick, Stockton-On-Tees TS19 8PE, United Kingdom.
| | - Guy S Taylor
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Dame Margaret Barbour Building, Newcastle University, Framlington Place, Newcastle-upon-Tyne NE2 4DR, United Kingdom.
| | - James A Shaw
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Dame Margaret Barbour Building, Newcastle University, Framlington Place, Newcastle-upon-Tyne NE2 4DR, United Kingdom; Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom.
| | - Daniel J West
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Dame Margaret Barbour Building, Newcastle University, Framlington Place, Newcastle-upon-Tyne NE2 4DR, United Kingdom.
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Umgang mit subjektiv erlebten Coronarisiken: Sichtweisen junger chronisch kranker Erwachsener. PRA¨VENTION UND GESUNDHEITSFO¨RDERUNG 2023. [PMCID: PMC10022562 DOI: 10.1007/s11553-023-01020-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2023]
Abstract
Hintergrund Junge Erwachsene mit chronischen Erkrankungen gelten als Gruppe, die durch Corona gefährdet ist. Ob und wie die Betroffenen sich zu schützen versuchen, welche Risikowahrnehmungen sie verdeutlichen und wie der Lockdown erlebt wird, dazu mangelt es an Erkenntnissen primär im deutschen Sprachraum. Ziele und Fragestellung Im Beitrag wird analysiert, welches Coronaschutzverhalten junge chronisch kranke Erwachsene berichten, welche Risikowahrnehmungen sie aufweisen und wie sie den Lockdown erleben. Material und Methoden Mit n = 59 jungen Erwachsenen (häufig Studierende oder Auszubildende), die von Typ‑1-Diabetes (n = 16), Krebs (n = 18), chronisch-entzündlichen Darmerkrankungen (n = 21) oder von bestimmten seltenen, komplexen Erkrankungen (n = 4) betroffen sind, wurden episodische Interviews geführt. Die Datenauswertung erfolgt mittels thematischen Kodierens. Ergebnisse Wenige Befragte meinen, durch Corona kaum persönlich gefährdet zu sein, so dass auch Schutzmaßnahmen wie Impfungen sekundär sind. Die meisten Interviewten jedoch berücksichtigen Schutzmaßnahmen penibel. Sie können sich hierzu entweder verpflichtet fühlen, um z. B. andere vulnerable Personen zu schützen, oder sie erleben sich als sehr anfällig für schwere Coronainfektionen. Ungeachtet von erlebten Einschränkungen im Lockdown ist dieser für viele Interviewte auch mit neuen Möglichkeiten verbunden. Online-Formate erleichtern ihnen, Studium/Ausbildung trotz chronischer Erkrankung fortzusetzen und Kontakte mit Freund*innen zu halten. Schlussfolgerung Coronarisikowahrnehmungen und Schutzverhalten junger chronisch kranker Erwachsener sollten in ihrem subjektiven Sinn verstärkt in der Versorgung und Begleitung dieser Zielgruppen berücksichtigt werden. Hybride Lehre sollte über den Lockdown hinaus beibehalten werden, damit die jungen Erwachsenen trotz ihrer chronischen Erkrankung sozial teilhaben können und zugleich vor Corona- und weiteren Infektionen geschützt sind.
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Çelik Z, Törüner FB, Güçlü MB. Evaluation of quality of life and physical activity in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus during the COVID-19 pandemic. ARCHIVES OF ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM 2023; 67:206-213. [PMID: 36468917 PMCID: PMC10689036 DOI: 10.20945/2359-3997000000531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Objective The aim of the study is to compare the quality of life, physical activity, anxiety, depression, fear of hypoglycemia, loneliness perception in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus and controls. Subjects and methods Forty-four patients and 63 controls were included in this cross-sectional study. Quality of life (Short Form 36-SF-36), physical activity level (International Physical Activity Questionnaire-short form), anxiety and depression (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale), fear of hypoglycemia (Hypoglycemia Fear Survey), loneliness perception (UCLA Loneliness Scale) were evaluated. Results Physical role limitations and general health perception subscale scores of SF-36 questionnaire in patients were significantly higher than the controls (p < 0.05). Conclusion Role limitations due to physical problems and fear of hypoglycemia are increased, and general health perception is impaired in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Physical inactivity is an important symptom in individuals in the pandemic period. In this regard, telerehabilitation approaches will be beneficial for all individuals in increasing physical activity, improving quality of life, and decreasing anxiety, depression and loneliness perception during the pandemic period for all individuals. The importance of a multidisciplinary approach in diabetes management and dealing with problems should be considered in pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeliha Çelik
- Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey,
| | - Füsun Baloş Törüner
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Meral Boşnak Güçlü
- Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
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Eseadi C, Ossai OV, Onyishi CN, Ilechukwu LC. Assisting individuals with diabetes in the COVID-19 pandemic period: Examining the role of religious factors and faith communities. World J Clin Cases 2022; 10:9180-9191. [PMID: 36159428 PMCID: PMC9477677 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v10.i26.9180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
With the onset of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, diabetes management has become more challenging than it has ever been. Studies on the management of diabetes during this time are required. Unfortunately, the lack of information on the potential role of religious factors and faith communities in diabetes management during the COVID-19 era prevents us from fully understanding the issue of diabetes management during the COVID-19 pandemic period. People with chronic conditions such as diabetes may benefit from some form of religious support from faith communities and their ability to cope could be fostered by some religious factors. It is unclear how religious factors and faith communities contribute to diabetes management. In this article, the authors examine how people with diabetes can be aided in the COVID-19 pandemic period from the perspective of religious factors and faith communities. Based on the studies identified, it appears that religious factors and faith communities play an important role in managing diabetes among patients during the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiedu Eseadi
- Department of Educational Psychology, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg 2006, Gauteng, South Africa
| | - Osita Victor Ossai
- Department of Childhood Education, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg 2006, Guateng, South Africa
| | - Charity Neejide Onyishi
- Educational Psychology, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Johannesburg 2006, Guteng, South Africa
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Sakur FJ, Ward K, Khatri NN, Lau AYS. Self-care Behaviours and Technology utilised during COVID-19: Systematic Review. JMIR Hum Factors 2022; 9:e35173. [PMID: 35442904 PMCID: PMC9217152 DOI: 10.2196/35173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Self-care behaviors are essential for people living with chronic conditions; however, the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic has imposed additional complications on their daily routines. Few studies have analyzed how self-care behaviors have changed during COVID-19 and the role of digital technology, especially among people with chronic conditions. Objective This study aims to review how self-care behaviors have changed for people with chronic conditions during the COVID-19 pandemic, and what technology they have adopted to manage their conditions during that period. Methods A systematic review was conducted using narrative synthesis. Data were extracted from PubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO, CINAHL, and Google Scholar, including articles from December 2019 onward. Eligible studies focused on adults diagnosed with chronic conditions undertaking any self-care tasks in line with the middle-range theory of self-care of chronic illness (ie, self-care maintenance, monitoring, and management). The methodological quality of the included articles was assessed with the McMaster Critical Review Forms for Quantitative or Qualitative Studies. Results In total, 36 primary research articles were included. Changes to self-care behaviors during COVID-19 among people with chronic conditions were organized according to the middle-range theory of self-care of chronic illness focusing on self-care maintenance (ie, medication adherence, physical activity, and diet control), self-care monitoring (ie, monitoring signs and symptoms), and self-care management (ie, consultations with health care providers). Positive self-care behaviors observed include the following: individuals trying to maintain good glycemic control during COVID-19 increased their medication adherence in 27% (10/36) of studies; and diet control improved in 50% (18/36) of studies. Negative self-care behaviors observed include the following: decline in physical activities and increased sedentariness were observed in 65% (23/36) of studies; poor diet control was observed in 57% (21/36) of studies; and self-monitoring of health status dropped in 43% (15/36) of studies. The use of technology to support self-care of chronic conditions during COVID-19 was reported in 72% (26/36) of studies. The actual use of telehealth in place of physical consultations during COVID-19 was observed in 50% (18/36) of studies, and other digital technologies (eg, social media apps, smartphone apps, web-based platforms, and web browsing) were used in 50% (18/36) of studies. Telehealth was discussed and recommended as the default technology in delivering future health care services during COVID-19 and beyond in 77% (28/36) of studies. Conclusions This review highlighted the necessity to rethink how models of self-care should continue to address the demands of chronic conditions while being responsive to the imminent threats of infectious diseases. Perhaps the silver lining of COVID-19 is that adoption of digital technology (especially telehealth) among a vast cross-section of people with chronic conditions is possible. Future research should investigate effective ways to incorporate evidence-based digital health tools into these new models of self-care that address the challenges of chronic and infectious conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fareeya Jan Sakur
- Australian Institute of Health Innovation, Macquarie University,, 75 Talavera Rd,, North Ryde, AU
| | - Kanesha Ward
- Australian Institute of Health Innovation, Macquarie University, North Ryde, AU
| | - Neha Nafees Khatri
- Australian Institute of Health Innovation, Macquarie University, North Ryde, AU
| | - Annie Y S Lau
- Australian Institute of Health Innovation, Macquarie University, North Ryde, AU
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Pleym K, Iversen MM, Broström A. Experiences and actions related to living with type 1 diabetes during the COVID-19 pandemic in Norway: a qualitative study conducted during July to December 2020. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e056027. [PMID: 35393314 PMCID: PMC8990606 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-056027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to describe the experiences of adults with type 1 diabetes (T1DM) during the COVID-19 pandemic in Norway, and what actions they took to cope with the situation. DESIGN An inductive, descriptive design applying the critical incident technique was used to collect qualitative data between July 2020 and December 2020. SETTING A strategic selection was made from diabetes specialist outpatient clinics at three different hospitals in eastern Norway. The hospitals, two community hospitals and one university hospital, were situated in both rural and urban areas. PARTICIPANTS Inclusion criteria were people with T1DM aged 18-65 years. Exclusion criteria were pregnancy, people with chronic pulmonary disorders, people with active cancer diseases and people diagnosed with a myocardial infarction or stroke during the previous 6 months. Semistructured individual interviews with 19 people with T1DM were conducted. RESULTS Experiences were categorised into two main areas: 'increased psychosocial burden of T1DM during the COVID-19 pandemic' and 'changed conditions for T1DM treatment during the COVID-19 pandemic'. Uncertainty distress and social consequences from infection control measures contributed to the burden of T1DM. Disrupted T1DM follow-up and altered daily routines created challenges. However, having increased time to focus on T1DM self-management during lockdown represented an improvement. Actions to handle the situation were categorised into two main areas: 'actions to handle psychosocial strain related to T1DM and COVID-19' and 'actions to handle changed conditions for T1DM treatment during the COVID-19 pandemic'. CONCLUSIONS Patients experienced an increased psychosocial burden of T1DM and difficulties from a disrupted daily life affecting T1DM self-management routines. Uncertainty-reducing behaviours and actions to adapt to the situation provided a general sense of coping despite these difficulties. Tailored information and follow-up by telephone or video call was emphasised to reduce uncertainly distress and support adequate diabetes T1DM self-management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin Pleym
- Department of Health and Caring Sciences, Western Norway University of Applied Sciences, Bergen, Vestlandet, Norway
- Department of Medicine, Vestre Viken Hospital Trust, Drammen, Norway
| | - Marjolein Memelink Iversen
- Department of Health and Caring Sciences, Western Norway University of Applied Sciences, Bergen, Vestlandet, Norway
| | - Anders Broström
- Department of Nursing, School of Health and Welfare, Jönköping University, Jönkoping, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Linköping University Hospital, Linköping, Sweden
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Spahl W, Pot M, Paul KT. Understanding compliance as multi-faceted: values and practices during the COVID-19 pandemic in Austria. CRITICAL PUBLIC HEALTH 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/09581596.2022.2039379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wanda Spahl
- Centre for the Study of Contemporary Solidarity (CeSCoS), Department of Political Science, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Mirjam Pot
- Centre for the Study of Contemporary Solidarity (CeSCoS), Department of Political Science, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Katharina T. Paul
- Centre for the Study of Contemporary Solidarity (CeSCoS), Department of Political Science, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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Al-Moteri M, Plummer V, Youssef HAM, Yaseen RWH, Al Malki M, Elryah AAI, Karani AA. The Experiences of People with Diabetes during COVID-19 Pandemic Lockdown. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 19:ijerph19010340. [PMID: 35010603 PMCID: PMC8751051 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19010340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Little is known about the theoretical foundation underling the response of people with diabetes managing their everyday routines during COVID-19 pandemic lockdown. AIM To explore the experience of people with diabetes during COVID-19 pandemic lockdown in light of the risk perception, response and behavioral change theories. METHOD A qualitative descriptive design was employed, and Braun and Clark's six step analysis were used for thematic analysis. Semi-structured interviews were conducted online using Zoom Videos Communication. RESULT Five themes were defined as follows: (1) perceived the threat and faced their fears, (2) appraised the damage, (3) identified the challenges, (4) modified their routine, and (5) identified the strengths that facilitate the efficacy of their response. There were eight sub-themes within the themes. CONCLUSION The results of this study may provide an opportunity for nurses to reflect on issues highlighted by the patients regarding more effective communication, knowledge and skill development for people to support self-care during national emergencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Modi Al-Moteri
- Nursing Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia; (H.A.M.Y.); (R.W.H.Y.); (M.A.M.); (A.A.I.E.); (A.A.K.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Virginia Plummer
- School of Health, Federation University, Mount Helen, VIC 3350, Australia;
| | - Hanan A. M. Youssef
- Nursing Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia; (H.A.M.Y.); (R.W.H.Y.); (M.A.M.); (A.A.I.E.); (A.A.K.)
| | - Ruba W. H. Yaseen
- Nursing Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia; (H.A.M.Y.); (R.W.H.Y.); (M.A.M.); (A.A.I.E.); (A.A.K.)
| | - Mohammed Al Malki
- Nursing Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia; (H.A.M.Y.); (R.W.H.Y.); (M.A.M.); (A.A.I.E.); (A.A.K.)
| | - Ahmed AbdElbagy Ibrahim Elryah
- Nursing Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia; (H.A.M.Y.); (R.W.H.Y.); (M.A.M.); (A.A.I.E.); (A.A.K.)
| | - Ahmed Al Karani
- Nursing Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia; (H.A.M.Y.); (R.W.H.Y.); (M.A.M.); (A.A.I.E.); (A.A.K.)
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Health Promotion, Functional Abilities, and Quality of Life Before and During COVID-19 in People with Multiple Sclerosis. Nurs Res 2021; 71:84-89. [PMID: 34967826 DOI: 10.1097/nnr.0000000000000573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Because multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease, and many individuals with MS take disease-modifying drugs that suppress immune response, serious concerns have been expressed about the potential effct of COVID-19 on those with this chronic condition. OBJECTIVES The purpose of this research was to utilize the most recent 5 years of data from an ongoing longitudinal study of health promotion and quality of life (QoL) among people with long-standing MS to investigate changes across time in functional limitations, health promotion, and health-related QoL. METHODS Participants are mailed an annual survey to complete about their health promotion, depressive symptoms, health status, social support, MS-related functional limitations, and QoL. Differences across time were analyzed with repeated measures of analysis of variances and planned contrasts. RESULTS In 2021, the 141 participants had a mean age of 69 years and had been diagnosed with MS for 34 years on average. Most had attended college, were married/partnered females, and reported adequate economic resources. Thirty-seven percent reported they were in poor to fair health. Physical activity and health responsibility scores decreased significantly during 2020-2021 compared with 2017-2019. Significant changes in depressive symptoms, social support, and functional limitations scores followed a different pattern with the largest changes occurring between 2018 and 2019. QoL and other health promotion scores did not change significantly across time. DISCUSSION The relatively small changes in health indicators revealed here suggest that older people with long-standing MS may have generally been able to maintain their health promotion, functional abilities, and QoL from before to during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, nurses and other providers should support them to resume their physical activity and regular provider contact as COVID-19 restrictions are eased. The patterns observed here demonstrate the importance of examining changes across an extended period, rather than simply looking at 1 year before and 1 year after a major event, such as COVID-19. These findings can help nurses understand how to help their patients with chronic health conditions maximize their health as they move forward.
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de Vasconcelos PHC, Gomes DL, Uliana GC, Costa e Silva ADA. Social Distancing, Physical Activity, and COVID-19: Implications for Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus in Brazil. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph182312819. [PMID: 34886545 PMCID: PMC8657564 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182312819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
A lack of glycemic control and diabetes are risk factors for complications related to COVID-19, and social isolation can hinder adherence to physical activity. Thus, this study sought to assess the impacts of social distancing on the practice of physical activity of individuals with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). This was a transversal study carried out using an online form to collect sociodemographic, practice of physical activity, and social distancing data. Of the 472 participants, 85.6% reported that they were respecting the steps of social distancing. Social distancing affected the practice of physical activity in adherence to the habit of practicing in frequency, duration, and perception of change in intensity. An association was found between noticing a lot of stress in the home environment and stopping physical activity; lower levels of tolerance to social distancing were associated with less physical activity, and maintaining the habit of practicing physical activity was associated with decreasing the intensity of the practice. Hence, social distancing harmed the practice of physical activity as part of the treatment of individuals with T1DM, both in the habit of practicing and in the characteristics of these practices of physical activity, such as frequency, duration, and intensity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulo H. C. de Vasconcelos
- Nucleus of Behavior Theory Research, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075-110, Brazil; (P.H.C.d.V.); (D.L.G.)
| | - Daniela L. Gomes
- Nucleus of Behavior Theory Research, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075-110, Brazil; (P.H.C.d.V.); (D.L.G.)
| | - Gabriela C. Uliana
- Nucleus of Behavior Theory Research, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075-110, Brazil; (P.H.C.d.V.); (D.L.G.)
- Correspondence:
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Pardhan S, Islam MS, López-Sánchez GF, Upadhyaya T, Sapkota RP. Self-isolation negatively impacts self-management of diabetes during the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2021; 13:123. [PMID: 34715917 PMCID: PMC8555859 DOI: 10.1186/s13098-021-00734-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM People with diabetes are at a greater risk of serious complications from Coronavirus disease (COVID-19). Self-management of diabetes is therefore of paramount importance. The purpose of this study is to compare self-management of diabetes pre-COVID-19 and during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS 679 participants with diabetes completed an online structured questionnaire survey. Various exposure variables (demographics, duration, treatment and complications of diabetes, self-isolation, etc.) were analysed to examine associations with the following outcome variables: (i) fluctuation of blood glucose levels, (ii) access to diabetes medicine, (iii) access to healthy diet, (iv) physical activity. Adjusted multiple regression analysis ascertained significant associations for each outcome variable against exposure variables. RESULTS Multiple regression analysis showed that self-isolation was significantly associated with greater fluctuation in blood glucose levels (OR = 1.8, 95% CI = 1.2-2.6, p = 0.005), reduced access to diabetes medicine (OR = 1.9, 95% CI = 1.1-3.1, p = 0.02) and reduced access to healthy diet (OR = 3.0, 95% CI = 2.0-4.6, p < 0.001). Fluctuation in blood glucose level was also significantly associated with having at least one complication of diabetes (OR = 2.2, 95% CI = 1.2-3.9, p = 0.008) and reduced access to diabetes medicine was significantly higher in people who were on insulin (OR = 2.1, 95% CI = 1.3-3.3, p = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Self-isolation was shown to impact almost all factors that influence self-management of diabetes. A targeted approach to improved access to diabetes medicine, healthy diet for people who needed to self-isolate is vital in order to ensure that they are able to self-manage their diabetes effectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahina Pardhan
- Vision and Eye Research Institute, School of Medicine, Anglia Ruskin University, East Road, Cambridge, CB1 1PT, UK.
| | - Md Saiful Islam
- Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka-1342, Bangladesh
| | - Guillermo F López-Sánchez
- Vision and Eye Research Institute, School of Medicine, Anglia Ruskin University, East Road, Cambridge, CB1 1PT, UK
| | - Tirthalal Upadhyaya
- Department of Medicine, Gandaki Medical College and Teaching Hospital, Pokhara, Nepal
| | - Raju P Sapkota
- Vision and Eye Research Institute, School of Medicine, Anglia Ruskin University, East Road, Cambridge, CB1 1PT, UK
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Fisher A, Roberts A, McKinlay AR, Fancourt D, Burton A. The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on mental health and well-being of people living with a long-term physical health condition: a qualitative study. BMC Public Health 2021; 21:1801. [PMID: 34620136 PMCID: PMC8496145 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-021-11751-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic and associated restrictions caused major global disruption. Individuals with long-term physical health conditions (LTCs) are at higher risk of severe illness and often subject to the strictest pandemic guidance, so may be disproportionally affected. The aim of this study was to qualitatively explore how living with a LTC during the COVID-19 pandemic affected people's mental health and wellbeing. METHODS Participants were people living with LTCs who participated in telephone/video call interviews based on a semi-structured topic guide. Key themes and subthemes were determined using deductive and inductive thematic analysis. RESULTS The sample included 32 participants with LTCs (most commonly cancer, respiratory conditions or cardiovascular diseases), mean age 57 (SD 13) years, 66% female and 72% white British. There were four overarching themes specific to living with a LTC. These were 1) high levels of fear and anxiety related to perceived consequences of catching COVID-19, 2) impact of shielding/isolation on mental health and wellbeing, 3) experience of healthcare during the pandemic and 4) anxiety created by uncertainty about the future. Fourteen subthemes were identified, including concerns about accessing essential supplies and the importance of social support. Individuals who lived alone and were advised to shield could be profoundly negatively affected. CONCLUSIONS This study found that there were a number of aspects of living with a LTC during the pandemic that had a significant impact on mental health and well-being. There should be focus on how best to provide practical and social support to people with LTCs during a pandemic, particularly if they have to shield or isolate.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Fisher
- Department of Behavioural Science and Health, University College London, 1-19 Torrington Place, London, WC1E 7HB, UK.
| | - A Roberts
- Department of Behavioural Science and Health, University College London, 1-19 Torrington Place, London, WC1E 7HB, UK
| | - A R McKinlay
- Department of Behavioural Science and Health, University College London, 1-19 Torrington Place, London, WC1E 7HB, UK
| | - D Fancourt
- Department of Behavioural Science and Health, University College London, 1-19 Torrington Place, London, WC1E 7HB, UK
| | - A Burton
- Department of Behavioural Science and Health, University College London, 1-19 Torrington Place, London, WC1E 7HB, UK
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Verma AK, Beg MMA, Bhatt D, Dev K, Alsahli MA, Rahmani AH, Goyal Y. Assessment and Management of Diabetic Patients During the COVID-19 Pandemic. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2021; 14:3131-3146. [PMID: 34262317 PMCID: PMC8275137 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s285614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
COVID-19 has become a great challenge across the globe, particularly in developing and densely populated countries, such as India. COVID-19 is extremely infectious and is transmitted via respiratory droplets from infected persons. DM, hypertension, and cardiovascular disease are highly prevalent comorbidities associated with COVID-19. It has been observed that COVID-19 is associated with high blood-glucose levels, mainly in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Several studies have shown DM to be a significant risk factor affecting the severity of various kinds of infection. Dysregulated immunoresponse found in diabetic patients plays an important role in exacerbating severity. DM is among the comorbidities linked with mortality and morbidity in COVID-19 patients. Chronic conditions like obesity, cardiovascular disorders, and hypertension, together with changed expression of ACE2, dysregulated immunoresponse, and endothelial dysfunction, may put diabetic patients at risk of greater COVID-19 severity. Therefore, it is important to study specific characteristics of COVID-19 in diabetic people and treat these comorbidities along with COVID-19 infection, mainly among old individuals who are already suffering from serious and critical infections. This review will be helpful in understanding the mechanisms involved in COVID-19 and DM, the role of ACE2 in COVID-19 pathogenesis, management of DM, and associated complications in COVID-19 patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit K Verma
- Medical Biotechnology Lab, Department of Biotechnology, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Deepti Bhatt
- Medical Biotechnology Lab, Department of Biotechnology, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | - Kapil Dev
- Medical Biotechnology Lab, Department of Biotechnology, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | - Mohammed A Alsahli
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Arshad Husain Rahmani
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yamini Goyal
- Medical Biotechnology Lab, Department of Biotechnology, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
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Toilet Paper, Minced Meat and Diabetes Medicines: Australian Panic Buying Induced by COVID-19. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18136954. [PMID: 34209616 PMCID: PMC8297137 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18136954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted the management of non-communicable diseases in health systems around the world. This study aimed to understand the impact of COVID-19 on diabetes medicines dispensed in Australia. Publicly available data from Australia's government subsidised medicines program (Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme), detailing prescriptions by month dispensed to patients, drug item code and patient category, was obtained from January 2016 to November 2020. This study focused on medicines used in diabetes care (Anatomical Therapeutical Chemical code level 2 = A10). Number of prescriptions dispensed were plotted by month at a total level, by insulins and non-insulins, and by patient category (general, concessional). Total number of prescriptions dispensed between January and November of each year were compared. A peak in prescriptions dispensed in March 2020 was identified, an increase of 35% on March 2019, compared to average growth of 7.2% in previous years. Prescriptions dispensed subsequently fell in April and May 2020 to levels below the corresponding months in 2019. These trends were observed across insulins, non-insulins, general and concessional patient categories. The peak and subsequent dip in demand have resulted in a small unexpected overall increase for the period January to November 2020, compared to declining growth for the same months in prior years. The observed change in consumer behaviour prompted by COVID-19 and the resulting public health measures is important to understand in order to improve management of medicines supply during potential future waves of COVID-19 and other pandemics.
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Abstract
Background: The primary objective worldwide during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has been controlling disease transmission. However, lockdown measures used to mitigate transmission have affected human behavior and altered lifestyles, with a likely impact on chronic non-communicable diseases. More than a year into the pandemic, substantial peer-reviewed literature has emerged on altered lifestyles following the varying lockdown measures imposed globally to control the virus spread. We explored the impact of lockdown measures on six lifestyle factors, namely diet, physical activity, sleep, stress, social connectedness, and the use of tobacco, alcohol, or other harmful substances. Methods: We comprehensively searched PubMed and the World Health Organization’s global literature database on COVID-19 and retrieved 649 relevant articles for the narrative review. A critical interpretative synthesis of the articles was performed. Results: Most of the articles included in the review identified the negative effect of lockdown measures on each of the lifestyle factors in many parts of the world. Encouraging lifestyle trends were also highlighted in a few articles. Such trends can positively influence the outcome of lifestyle-related chronic diseases, such as obesity and diabetes. Conclusions: The COVID-19 pandemic provides an opportunity to better understand the negative impact of strict lockdown measures on lifestyles. At the same time, it helps us identify and initiate positive behavioral changes, which, if consolidated, could improve chronic disease outcomes. It is up to governments, communities, and healthcare/academic entities to derive benefit from lessons learned from the pandemic, with the ultimate objective of better educating and promoting healthy lifestyles among communities.
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Pal R, Bhadada SK, Misra A. Resurgence of COVID-19 and diabetes in India. Diabetes Metab Syndr 2021; 15:1037-1038. [PMID: 34004526 PMCID: PMC8102081 DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2021.04.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rimesh Pal
- Department of Endocrinology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, 160012, India
| | - Sanjay K Bhadada
- Department of Endocrinology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, 160012, India.
| | - Anoop Misra
- Centre of Nutrition & Metabolic Research (C-NET), National Diabetes, Obesity and Cholesterol Foundation (N-DOC), SDA, New Delhi, India; Diabetes Foundation (India), SDA, New Delhi, India; Fortis C-DOC Centre of Excellence for Diabetes, Metabolic Diseases and Endocrinology, Chirag Enclave, Nehru Place, New Delhi, India.
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Kendzerska T, Zhu DT, Gershon AS, Edwards JD, Peixoto C, Robillard R, Kendall CE. The Effects of the Health System Response to the COVID-19 Pandemic on Chronic Disease Management: A Narrative Review. Risk Manag Healthc Policy 2021; 14:575-584. [PMID: 33623448 PMCID: PMC7894869 DOI: 10.2147/rmhp.s293471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Individuals with chronic conditions require ongoing disease management to reduce risks of adverse health outcomes. During the COVID-19 pandemic, health care for non-COVID-19 cases was affected due to the reallocation of resources towards urgent care for COVID-19 patients, resulting in inadequate ongoing care for chronic conditions. METHODS A keyword search was conducted in PubMed, Google Scholar, Science Direct, and Scopus for English language articles published between January 2020 and January 2021. FINDINGS During the COVID-19 pandemic, in-person care for individuals with chronic conditions have decreased due to government restriction of elective and non-urgent healthcare visits, greater instilled fear over potential COVID-19 exposure during in-person visits, and higher utilization rates of telemedicine compared to the pre-COVID-19 period. Potential benefits of a virtual-care framework during the pandemic include more effective routine disease monitoring, improved patient satisfaction, and increased treatment compliance and follow-up rates. However, more needs to be done to ensure timely and effective access to telemedicine, particularly for individuals with lower digital literacy. Capitation primary care models have been proposed as a more financially-robust approach during the COVID-19 pandemic than fee-for-service primary care models; however, the interplay between different primary models and the health outcomes is still poorly understood and warrants further investigation. Shortages of medication used to manage chronic conditions were also observed at the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic due to global supply chain disruptions. Finally, patients with chronic conditions faced lifestyle disruptions due to the COVID-19 pandemic, specifically in physical activity, sleep, stress, and mental health, which need to be better addressed. INTERPRETATION Overall, this review elucidates the disproportionately greater barriers to primary and specialty care that patients with chronic diseases face during the COVID-19 pandemic and emphasizes the urgent need for better chronic disease management strategies moving forward.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetyana Kendzerska
- Clinical Epidemiology Program, The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute/The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - David T Zhu
- Clinical Epidemiology Program, The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute/The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Faculty of Science, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Andrea S Gershon
- Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre/University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jodi D Edwards
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Cayden Peixoto
- The Institut Du Savoir Montfort, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Rebecca Robillard
- The Royal’s Institute of Mental Health Research/University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Claire E Kendall
- Clinical Epidemiology Program, The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute/The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- The Institut Du Savoir Montfort, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- C.T. Lamont Primary Health Care Research Group, Bruyère Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Family Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
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Magliah SF, Zarif HA, Althubaiti A, Sabban MF. Managing Type 1 Diabetes among Saudi adults on insulin pump therapy during the COVID-19 lockdown. Diabetes Metab Syndr 2021; 15:63-68. [PMID: 33310178 PMCID: PMC7719196 DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2020.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has affected people's lives including patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). We aimed to investigate the impact of the COVID-19 lockdown on psychological status, self-management behaviors, and diabetes care maintenance among Saudi adults with T1DM using insulin pump therapy. METHODS This cross-sectional study used a web survey to collect data on Saudi adults with T1DM who were treated in the specialized insulin pump clinic at King Abdulaziz Medical City-Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. We used the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 and General Anxiety Disorder-7 scales to measure depression and anxiety. RESULTS Of the 70 patients who received the survey, 65 completed it. Overall, 23.1% and 29.2% of the patients reported moderate to severe and mild depression, respectively; 18.5% and 24.6% reported moderate to severe and mild anxiety, respectively. Compared with pre-lockdown, adherence to a healthy diet and regular physical activity decreased in 67.7% and 41.5% of the patients, respectively. Most patients maintained their adherence to insulin pump behaviors; frequent self-monitoring of blood glucose increased in 47% of glucometer users. Most patients benefited from phone visits or virtual education sessions, but 66.2% of the patients reported difficulty obtaining at least one type of insulin pump supply. CONCLUSIONS Promoting self-management behaviors and psychological wellbeing of patients with T1DM using insulin pump therapy is crucial during a lockdown. Telemedicine is a useful alternative to in-person appointments, but strategies to ensure that patients have access to adequate resources during lockdown must be developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sultan F Magliah
- Department of Family Medicine, Ministry of the National Guard-Health Affairs, King Abdulaziz Medical City, P.O. Box 9515, Jeddah, 21423, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hawazen A Zarif
- Department of Medicine, Ministry of the National Guard-Health Affairs, King Abdulaziz Medical City, P.O. Box 9515, Jeddah, 21423, Saudi Arabia; College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, P.O. Box 9515, Jeddah, 21423, Saudi Arabia; King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, P.O. Box 9515, Jeddah, 21423, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alaa Althubaiti
- College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, P.O. Box 9515, Jeddah, 21423, Saudi Arabia; King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, P.O. Box 9515, Jeddah, 21423, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Mahmoud F Sabban
- Department of Family Medicine, Ministry of the National Guard-Health Affairs, King Abdulaziz Medical City, P.O. Box 9515, Jeddah, 21423, Saudi Arabia
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A Mixed Approach on Resilience of Spanish Dwellings and Households during COVID-19 Lockdown. SUSTAINABILITY 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/su122310198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The confinement by COVID-19 has meant a re-reading of housing for Spanish households, resulting in the only available and safe space to carry out daily activity. This complex phenomenon has generated a completely different way of inhabiting it, as well as of relating to domestic spaces. For this reason, the home perception and its characteristics must be evaluated, highlighting those perceived as deficiencies, or as preferences in such an unusual context as lockdown, where the experience was different depending on the dwelling characteristics, and the family in question. To deepen in this double perception home-dwelling, a mixed method was used, with two online forms. The first is a quantitative questionnaire, while the second asks the participants for photographs and narratives about such images. More than 1800 surveys and 785 qualitative responses were obtained. From both approaches, the joint discourse arose, allowing an exploratory analysis of the current situation of the Spanish residential park, and the resilience demonstrated in this period by both households and their usual dwellings. This study should facilitate the development of new proposals on housing in contexts similar to the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Khader MA, Jabeen T, Namoju R. A cross sectional study reveals severe disruption in glycemic control in people with diabetes during and after lockdown in India. Diabetes Metab Syndr 2020; 14:1579-1584. [PMID: 32858476 PMCID: PMC7434486 DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2020.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Uncontrolled diabetes has been associated with poorer clinical outcomes in COVID-19. We aimed to evaluate and assess the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on management of diabetes and challenges faced by people with diabetes in India during and after the lockdown phase. METHODS A cross-sectional study based on an online questionnaire survey was designed. The questions collected socio-demographic details, medical and social history, and impact of the pandemic on medical and social life from 1582 participants. Linear regression was employed to evaluate association of different parameters with the change in glycemic levels. RESULTS The frequency of clinical visits during the COVID-19 pandemic were reduced in 87.28% of participants. 92.45% of participants were able to monitor their blood glucose levels (BGLs) in which 78.42% (49.35%, 20.91%, and 8.16%) participants experienced an increase in BGL (mild, moderate, and severe respectively). Only 47.41% of participants possessed the digital glucometer at home. 69.07% of participants reported a decrease in physical activity while 46.88% reported an increase in food intake. 80.06% of participants were able to buy all medicines and 29.80% were gone for virtual consultations while 87.81% reported that they didn't have access to healthcare services. Overall, 89.47% participants experienced disruption in therapy. A highly significant correlation (r = 0.89, p = 0.0145) was found between increasing age and reporting of higher BGLs. CONCLUSION This study provides a firsthand evidence of major disruption in diabetes care activities during and after the lockdown phase in India and increased risk of poorer clinical outcomes, if infected by SARS-CoV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Abdul Khader
- Department of Pharmacology & Pharmacy Practice, Bhaskar Pharmacy College, Jawaharlal Nehru Technical University, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500075, India.
| | - Talha Jabeen
- Department of Pharmacology & Pharmacy Practice, Bhaskar Pharmacy College, Jawaharlal Nehru Technical University, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500075, India.
| | - Ramanachary Namoju
- Department of Pharmacology & Pharmacy Practice, Bhaskar Pharmacy College, Jawaharlal Nehru Technical University, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500075, India; Department of Pharmacology, GITAM University, Gandhi Nagar, Vishakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, 530045, India.
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Khader MA, Jabeen T, Namoju R. A cross sectional study reveals severe disruption in glycemic control in people with diabetes during and after lockdown in India. Diabetes Metab Syndr 2020; 14:1579-1584. [DOI: https:/doi.org/10.1016/j.dsx.2020.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/30/2023]
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