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Nakashima M, Suga N, Yoshikawa S, Ikeda Y, Matsuda S. Potential Molecular Mechanisms of Alcohol Use Disorder with Non-Coding RNAs and Gut Microbiota for the Development of Superior Therapeutic Application. Genes (Basel) 2024; 15:431. [PMID: 38674366 PMCID: PMC11049149 DOI: 10.3390/genes15040431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Many investigations have evaluated the expression of noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) as well as their related molecular functions and biological machineries in individuals with alcohol dependence. Alcohol dependence may be one of the most prevailing psychological disorders globally, and its pathogenesis is intricate and inadequately comprehended. There is substantial evidence indicating significant links between multiple genetic factors and the development of alcohol dependence. In particular, the critical roles of ncRNAs have been emphasized in the pathology of mental illnesses, probably including alcohol dependence. In the comprehension of the action of ncRNAs and their machineries of modification, furthermore, they have emerged as therapeutic targets for a variety of psychiatric illnesses, including alcohol dependence. It is worth mentioning that the dysregulated expression of ncRNAs has been regularly detected in individuals with alcohol dependence. An in-depth knowledge of the roles of ncRNAs and m6A modification may be valuable for the development of a novel treatment against alcohol dependence. In general, a more profound understanding of the practical roles of ncRNAs might make important contributions to the precise diagnosis and/or actual management of alcohol dependence. Here, in this review, we mostly focused on up-to-date knowledge regarding alterations and/or modifications in the expression of ncRNAs in individuals with alcohol dependence. Then, we present prospects for future research and therapeutic applications with a novel concept of the engram system.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Satoru Matsuda
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Nara Women’s University, Kita-Uoya Nishimachi, Nara 630-8506, Japan
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Collins NJ, Campbell TS, Bozeman AL, Martes AC, Ross SE, Doherty TS, Brumley MR, Roth TL. Epigenetic processes associated with neonatal spinal transection. Dev Psychobiol 2024; 66:e22466. [PMID: 38388192 DOI: 10.1002/dev.22466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
In early development, the spinal cord in healthy or disease states displays remarkable activity-dependent changes in plasticity, which may be in part due to the increased activity of brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). Indeed, BDNF delivery has been efficacious in partially ameliorating many of the neurobiological and behavioral consequences of spinal cord injury (SCI), making elucidating the role of BDNF in the normative developing and injured spinal cord a critical research focus. Recent work in our laboratory provided evidence for aberrant global and locus-specific epigenetic changes in methylation of the Bdnf gene as a consequence of SCI. In the present study, animals underwent thoracic lesions on P1, with cervical and lumbar tissue being later collected on P7, P14, and P21. Levels of Bdnf expression and methylation (exon IX and exon IV), in addition to global methylation levels were quantified at each timepoint. Results indicated locus-specific reductions of Bdnf expression that was accompanied by a parallel increase in methylation caudal to the injury site, with animals displaying increased Bdnf expression at the P14 timepoint. Together, these findings suggest that epigenetic activity of the Bdnf gene may act as biomarker in the etiology and intervention effort efficacy following SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas J Collins
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, USA
| | - Taylor S Campbell
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, USA
| | - Aimee L Bozeman
- Department of Psychology, Idaho State University, Pocatello, Idaho, USA
| | - Alleyna C Martes
- Department of Psychology, Idaho State University, Pocatello, Idaho, USA
| | - Sydney E Ross
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, USA
| | - Tiffany S Doherty
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, USA
| | - Michele R Brumley
- Department of Psychology, Idaho State University, Pocatello, Idaho, USA
| | - Tania L Roth
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, USA
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Tanelian A, Nankova B, Hu F, Sahawneh JD, Sabban EL. Effect of acetate supplementation on traumatic stress-induced behavioral impairments in male rats. Neurobiol Stress 2023; 27:100572. [PMID: 37781563 PMCID: PMC10539924 DOI: 10.1016/j.ynstr.2023.100572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Gut microbiota and their metabolites have emerged as key players in the pathogenesis of neuropsychiatric disorders. Recently, we demonstrated that animals susceptible to Single Prolonged Stress (SPS) have an overall pro-inflammatory gut microbiota and significantly lower cecal acetate levels than SPS-resilient rats, which correlated inversely with the anxiety index. Here, we investigated whether the microbial metabolite, acetate, could ameliorate SPS-triggered impairments. Male rats were randomly divided into unstressed controls or groups exposed to SPS. The groups received continued oral supplementation of either 150 mM of sodium acetate or 150 mM of sodium chloride-matched water. Two weeks after SPS, a battery of behavioral tests was performed, and the animals were euthanized the following day. While not affecting the unstressed controls, acetate supplementation reduced the impact of SPS on body weight gain and ameliorated SPS-induced anxiety-like behavior and the impairments in social interaction, but not depressive-like behavior. These changes were accompanied by several beneficial effects of acetate supplementation. Acetate alleviated the stress response by reducing urinary epinephrine levels, induced epigenetic modification by decreasing histone deacetylase (HDAC2) gene expression, inhibited neuroinflammation by reducing the density of Iba1+ cells and the gene expression of IL-1ß in the hippocampus, and increased serum β-hydroxybutyrate levels. The findings reveal a causal relationship between oral acetate treatment and mitigation of several SPS-induced behavioral impairments. Mechanistically, it impacted neuronal and metabolic pathways including changes in stress response, epigenetic modifications, neuroinflammation and showed novel link to ketone body production. The study demonstrates the preventive-therapeutic potential of acetate supplementation to alleviate adverse responses to traumatic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arax Tanelian
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA
| | - Bistra Nankova
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA
- Division of Newborn Medicine, Departments of Pediatrics, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA
| | - Furong Hu
- Division of Newborn Medicine, Departments of Pediatrics, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA
| | - Jordan D. Sahawneh
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA
| | - Esther L. Sabban
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA
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Dietary Fats and Depressive Symptoms in Italian Adults. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15030675. [PMID: 36771380 PMCID: PMC9919703 DOI: 10.3390/nu15030675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression represents one of the major causes of disability worldwide, with an important socioeconomic cost. Although many risk factors have been considered in its pathogenesis, nutrition seems to play a determinant role in its prevention. With regard to individual macronutrients, dietary fats and especially n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFA) are the most studied. However, previous data about other dietary fatty acids, such as n-6 PUFA, are conflicting, and little is known about saturated fatty acids (SFA), especially when considering carbon chain length. Thus, we investigated whether single types and subtypes of dietary fats are related to depressive symptoms in Italian individuals living in the Mediterranean area. METHODS Dietary and socio-demographic data of 1572 individuals were analyzed. Food frequency questionnaires (FFQs) were used to determine the consumption of total dietary fat and each specific class of dietary fat, such as SFA, monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA), and PUFA. The intake of fatty acids was also assessed according to the carbon-chain length of each single class. The Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) was used as a screening tool for depressive symptoms. RESULTS After adjustment for potential confounding factors, a significant inverse association between low/moderate levels of PUFA intake and depressive symptoms (Q2 vs. Q1, odds ratio (OR) = 0.60, 95% CI: 0.44, 0.84) was found. On the other hand, moderate saturated fat consumption was associated with depressive symptoms (Q3 vs. Q1, OR = 1.44, 95% CI: 1.02, 2.04). However, when considering carbon chain length, individuals with a lower to moderate intake of short-chain saturated fatty acids (SCSFA) and medium-chain saturated fatty acids (MCSFA) were less likely to have depressive symptoms (Q3 vs. Q1, OR = 0.48, 95% CI: 0.31, 0.75), while moderate intake of arachidic acid (C20:0) was directly associated with depressive symptoms (Q3 vs. Q1, OR = 1.87, 95% CI: 1.26, 2.77). Among single MUFAs, higher myristoleic acid (C14:1) intake was directly associated with depressive symptoms (Q4 vs. Q1, OR = 1.71, 95% CI: 1.12, 2.61), while moderate intake of erucic acid (C22:1) was associated with lower odds of having depressive symptoms (Q3 vs. Q1, OR = 0.54, 95% CI: 0.33, 0.86). When considering individual PUFAs, individuals with moderate and higher intakes of arachidonic acid (C20:4) were less likely to have depressive symptoms (OR = 0.64, 95% CI: 0.45, 0.91; OR = 0.59, 95% CI: 0.38, 0.91, respectively). Similarly, higher eicosapentaenoic acid (C20:5) intake was inversely associated with depressive symptoms (Q4 vs. Q1, OR = 0.35, 95% CI: 0.12, 0.98), while a significant association for docosahexaenoic acid (C22:6) was retrieved only for low intakes (Q2 vs. Q1, OR = 0.33, 95% CI: 0.12, 0.88). CONCLUSIONS Dietary fat intake may be associated with depressive symptoms, underlying the importance of distinguishing between different fat types. This study confirms the pivotal role of PUFAs and reopens the debate on the role of saturated fatty acids, suggesting plausible effects of moderate intakes of short-chain fatty acids.
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Amasi-Hartoonian N, Pariante CM, Cattaneo A, Sforzini L. Understanding treatment-resistant depression using "omics" techniques: A systematic review. J Affect Disord 2022; 318:423-455. [PMID: 36103934 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2022.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Treatment-resistant depression (TRD) results in huge healthcare costs and poor patient clinical outcomes. Most studies have adopted a "candidate mechanism" approach to investigate TRD pathogenesis, however this is made more challenging due to the complex and heterogeneous nature of this condition. High-throughput "omics" technologies can provide a more holistic view and further insight into the underlying mechanisms involved in TRD development, expanding knowledge beyond already-identified mechanisms. This systematic review assessed the information from studies that examined TRD using hypothesis-free omics techniques. METHODS PubMed, MEDLINE, Embase, APA PsycInfo, Scopus and Web of Science databases were searched on July 2022. 37 human studies met the eligibility criteria, totalling 17,518 TRD patients, 571,402 healthy controls and 62,279 non-TRD depressed patients (including antidepressant responders and untreated MDD patients). RESULTS Significant findings were reported that implicate the role in TRD of various molecules, including polymorphisms, genes, mRNAs and microRNAs. The pathways most commonly reported by the identified studies were involved in immune system and inflammation, neuroplasticity, calcium signalling and neurotransmitters. LIMITATIONS Small sample sizes, variability in defining TRD, and heterogeneity in study design and methodology. CONCLUSIONS These findings provide insight into TRD pathophysiology, proposing future research directions for novel drug targets and potential biomarkers for clinical staging and response to antidepressants (citalopram/escitalopram in particular) and electroconvulsive therapy (ECT). Further validation is warranted in large prospective studies using standardised TRD criteria. A multi-omics and systems biology strategy with a collaborative effort will likely deliver robust findings for translation into the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nare Amasi-Hartoonian
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, Department of Psychological Medicine, London, UK.
| | - Carmine Maria Pariante
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, Department of Psychological Medicine, London, UK; National Institute for Health and Research Biomedical Research Centre at South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust and King's College London, UK
| | - Annamaria Cattaneo
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy; Laboratory of Biological Psychiatry, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy
| | - Luca Sforzini
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, Department of Psychological Medicine, London, UK
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The Sirtuin 2 Inhibitor AK-7 Leads to an Antidepressant-Like Effect in Mice via Upregulation of CREB1, BDNF, and NTRK2 Pathways. Mol Neurobiol 2022; 59:7036-7044. [PMID: 36074231 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-022-03026-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
Depression is one of the most important and serious health problems in developing countries which affects millions of people. It is associated with the decrease of the quality of life as well as suicides and mortality. The disease may show recurrent episodes in some patients. Obviously, not all the patients with depression could be treated properly, because some individuals are drug-resistant and the options for the therapy are limited. Therefore, it is crucial to investigate new molecules and pathways that may have possible antidepressant activity. Sirtuin (SIRT), known as a class III histone deacetylase, which is regulated by nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD +), is one of these molecules. In the current study, we investigated the possible antidepressant-like effect of SIRT2 inhibitor AK-7. For this purpose, behavioral tests were performed in chronic AK-7-treated mice, and the expression levels of BDNF, NGF, NTF3, CREB, NTRK2, ERK1, ERK2, and GAP43 genes were evaluated by qRT-PCR analysis in brain tissues. Protein levels for BDNF, CREB1, and NTRK2 were determined by western blot. Our data showed that AK-7 significantly decreased immobility time and showed antidepressant-like effect. In addition, AK-7 treatment significantly increased mRNA levels of CREB and NTRK2 and protein levels of CREB1, BDNF, and NTRK2. Finally, our results suggest that SIRT2 and AK-7 may have a potential role in the cellular mechanisms of depression.
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Jiao R, Chen X, Boerwinkle E, Xiong M. Genome-Wide Causation Studies of Complex Diseases. J Comput Biol 2022; 29:908-931. [PMID: 35451855 DOI: 10.1089/cmb.2021.0676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite significant progress in dissecting the genetic architecture of complex diseases by genome-wide association studies (GWAS), the signals identified by association analysis may not have specific pathological relevance to diseases so that a large fraction of disease-causing genetic variants is still hidden. Association is used to measure dependence between two variables or two sets of variables. GWAS test association between a disease and single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (or other genetic variants) across the genome. Association analysis may detect superficial patterns between disease and genetic variants. Association signals provide limited information on the causal mechanism of diseases. The use of association analysis as a major analytical platform for genetic studies of complex diseases is a key issue that may hamper discovery of disease mechanisms, calling into the questions the ability of GWAS to identify loci-underlying diseases. It is time to move beyond association analysis toward techniques, which enables the discovery of the underlying causal genetic structures of complex diseases. To achieve this, we propose the concept of genome-wide causation studies (GWCS) as an alternative to GWAS and develop additive noise models (ANMs) for genetic causation analysis. Type 1 error rates and power of the ANMs in testing causation are presented. We conducted GWCS of schizophrenia. Both simulation and real data analysis show that the proportion of the overlapped association and causation signals is small. Thus, we anticipate that our analysis will stimulate serious discussion of the applicability of GWAS and GWCS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Jiao
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Xiangning Chen
- Department of Psychology, Nevada Institute of Personalized Medicine, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Nevada, USA
| | - Eric Boerwinkle
- Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Momiao Xiong
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
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Yao C, Jiang X, Ye X, Xie T, Bai R. Antidepressant Drug Discovery and Development: Mechanism and Drug Design Based on Small Molecules. ADVANCED THERAPEUTICS 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/adtp.202200007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chuansheng Yao
- School of Pharmacy Hangzhou Normal University Hangzhou 311121 PR China
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti‐Cancer Chinese Medicine of Zhejiang Province Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicine from Zhejiang Province Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicines from Zhejiang Province Hangzhou Normal University Hangzhou 311121 PR China
| | - Xiaoying Jiang
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology Ministry of Education, Hangzhou Normal University Hangzhou 311121 P.R. China
| | - Xiang‐Yang Ye
- School of Pharmacy Hangzhou Normal University Hangzhou 311121 PR China
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti‐Cancer Chinese Medicine of Zhejiang Province Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicine from Zhejiang Province Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicines from Zhejiang Province Hangzhou Normal University Hangzhou 311121 PR China
| | - Tian Xie
- School of Pharmacy Hangzhou Normal University Hangzhou 311121 PR China
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti‐Cancer Chinese Medicine of Zhejiang Province Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicine from Zhejiang Province Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicines from Zhejiang Province Hangzhou Normal University Hangzhou 311121 PR China
| | - Renren Bai
- School of Pharmacy Hangzhou Normal University Hangzhou 311121 PR China
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti‐Cancer Chinese Medicine of Zhejiang Province Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicine from Zhejiang Province Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicines from Zhejiang Province Hangzhou Normal University Hangzhou 311121 PR China
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Rossetti C, Cherix A, Guiraud LF, Cardinaux JR. New Insights Into the Pivotal Role of CREB-Regulated Transcription Coactivator 1 in Depression and Comorbid Obesity. Front Mol Neurosci 2022; 15:810641. [PMID: 35242012 PMCID: PMC8886117 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2022.810641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Depression and obesity are major public health concerns, and there is mounting evidence that they share etiopathophysiological mechanisms. The neurobiological pathways involved in both mood and energy balance regulation are complex, multifactorial and still incompletely understood. As a coactivator of the pleiotropic transcription factor cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB), CREB-regulated transcription coactivator 1 (CRTC1) has recently emerged as a novel regulator of neuronal plasticity and brain functions, while CRTC1 dysfunction has been associated with neurodegenerative and psychiatric diseases. This review focuses on recent evidence emphasizing the critical role of CRTC1 in the neurobiology of depression and comorbid obesity. We discuss the role of CRTC1 downregulation in mediating chronic stress-induced depressive-like behaviors, and antidepressant response in the light of the previously characterized Crtc1 knockout mouse model of depression. The putative role of CRTC1 in the alteration of brain energy homeostasis observed in depression is also discussed. Finally, we highlight rodent and human studies supporting the critical involvement of CRTC1 in depression-associated obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara Rossetti
- Center for Psychiatric Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Prilly, Switzerland
- Service of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Antoine Cherix
- Center for Psychiatric Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Prilly, Switzerland
- Laboratory for Functional and Metabolic Imaging (LIFMET), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Laetitia F. Guiraud
- Center for Psychiatric Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Prilly, Switzerland
- Service of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jean-René Cardinaux
- Center for Psychiatric Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Prilly, Switzerland
- Service of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- *Correspondence: Jean-René Cardinaux,
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Misztak P, Sowa-Kućma M, Pańczyszyn-Trzewik P, Szewczyk B, Nowak G. Antidepressant-like Effects of Combined Fluoxetine and Zinc Treatment in Mice Exposed to Chronic Restraint Stress Are Related to Modulation of Histone Deacetylase. Molecules 2021; 27:22. [PMID: 35011254 PMCID: PMC8746513 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27010022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic stress is the key factor contributing to the development of depressive symptoms. Chronic restraint stress (CRS) is well validated and is one of the most commonly used models to induce depressive-like behavior in rodents. The present study aimed to evaluate whether fluoxetine (FLU 5 mg/kg) and zinc (Zn 10mg/kg) given simultaneously induce a more pronounced antidepressant-like effect in the CRS model than both those compounds given alone. Behavioral assessment was performed using the tail suspension and splash tests (TST and ST, respectively). Furthermore, the effects of CRS, FLU and Zn given alone and combined treatment with FLU + Zn on the expression of proteins involved in the apoptotic, inflammatory, and epigenetic processes were evaluated in selected brain structures (prefrontal cortex, PFC; and hippocampus, Hp) using Western blot analysis or enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). The results obtained indicated that three hours (per day) of immobilization for 4 weeks induced prominent depressive symptoms that manifested as increased immobility time in the TST, as well as decreased number and grooming time in the ST. Behavioral changes induced by CRS were reversed by both FLU (5 and 10 mg/kg) or Zn (10 mg/kg). Zinc supplementation (10 mg/kg) slightly increases the effectiveness of FLU (5 mg/kg) in the TST. However, it significantly increased the activity of FLU in the ST compared to the effect induced by FLU and Zn alone. Biochemical studies revealed that neither CRS nor FLU and Zn given alone or in combined treatment alter the expression of proteins involved in apoptotic or inflammatory processes. CRS induced major alterations in histone deacetylase (HDAC) levels by increasing the level of HADC1 and decreasing the level of HADC4 in the PFC and Hp, decreasing the level of HADC6 in the PFC but increasing it in Hp. Interestingly, FLU + Zn treatment reversed CRS-induced changes in HDAC levels in the Hp, indicating that HDAC modulation is linked to FLU + Zn treatment and this effect is structure-specific.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Misztak
- Department of Pharmacobiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-668 Krakow, Poland; (G.N.)
- Department of Neurobiology, Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Smetna 12, 31-343 Krakow, Poland
| | - Magdalena Sowa-Kućma
- Department of Human Physiology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Medical College of Rzeszow University, Kopisto 2a, 35-959 Rzeszow, Poland; (M.S.-K.); (P.P.-T.)
| | - Patrycja Pańczyszyn-Trzewik
- Department of Human Physiology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Medical College of Rzeszow University, Kopisto 2a, 35-959 Rzeszow, Poland; (M.S.-K.); (P.P.-T.)
| | - Bernadeta Szewczyk
- Department of Neurobiology, Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Smetna 12, 31-343 Krakow, Poland
| | - Gabriel Nowak
- Department of Pharmacobiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-668 Krakow, Poland; (G.N.)
- Department of Neurobiology, Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Smetna 12, 31-343 Krakow, Poland
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Marcos X, Méndez-Luna D, Fragoso-Vázquez M, Rosales-Hernández M, Correa-Basurto J. Anti-breast cancer activity of novel compounds loaded in polymeric mixed micelles: Characterization and in vitro studies. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2021.102815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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12
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Lin YS, Wang CC, Chen CY. GWAS Meta-Analysis Reveals Shared Genes and Biological Pathways between Major Depressive Disorder and Insomnia. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12101506. [PMID: 34680902 PMCID: PMC8536096 DOI: 10.3390/genes12101506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is one of the most prevalent and disabling mental disorders worldwide. Among the symptoms of MDD, sleep disturbance such as insomnia is prominent, and the first reason patients may seek professional help. However, the underlying pathophysiology of this comorbidity is still elusive. Recently, genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have begun to unveil the genetic background of several psychiatric disorders, including MDD and insomnia. Identifying the shared genomic risk loci between comorbid psychiatric disorders could be a valuable strategy to understanding their comorbidity. This study seeks to identify the shared genes and biological pathways between MDD and insomnia based on their shared genetic variants. First, we performed a meta-analysis based on the GWAS summary statistics of MDD and insomnia obtained from Psychiatric Genomics Consortium and UK Biobank, respectively. Next, we associated shared genetic variants to genes using two gene mapping strategies: (a) positional mapping based on genomic proximity and (b) expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) mapping based on gene expression linkage across multiple tissues. As a result, a total of 719 shared genes were identified. Over half (51%) of them are protein-coding genes. Functional enrichment analysis shows that the most enriched biological pathways are related to epigenetic modification, sensory perception, and immunologic signatures. We also identified druggable targets using a network approach. Together, these results may provide insights into understanding the genetic predisposition and underlying biological pathways of comorbid MDD and insomnia symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Sian Lin
- Institute of Biomedical Informatics, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan; (Y.-S.L.); (C.-C.W.)
| | - Chia-Chun Wang
- Institute of Biomedical Informatics, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan; (Y.-S.L.); (C.-C.W.)
| | - Cho-Yi Chen
- Institute of Biomedical Informatics, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan; (Y.-S.L.); (C.-C.W.)
- Brain Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan
- Correspondence:
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Yan L, Jin W, Zhao Q, Cui X, Shi T, Xu Y, Li F, Jin W, Zhang Z, Zhang Z, Tang Q, Pan D. PWWP2B Fine-Tunes Adipose Thermogenesis by Stabilizing HDACs in a NuRD Subcomplex. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2021; 8:e2102060. [PMID: 34180153 PMCID: PMC8373154 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202102060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Histone deacetylases (HDACs) are widely involved in many biological processes, as well as in control of brown and beige adipose physiology, but the precise molecular mechanisms by which HDACs are assembled into transcriptional machinery to fine-tune thermogenic program remain ill-defined. PWWP domain containing 2b (PWWP2B), which is identified as a component of the nucleosome remodeling and deacetylation complex (NuRD), interacts and stabilizes HDAC1/2 at the thermogenic gene promoters to suppress their expression. Ablation of Pwwp2b promotes adipocyte thermogenesis and ameliorates diet-induced obesity in vivo. Intriguingly, Pwwp2b is not only a brown fat-enriched gene but also dramatically induced by cold and sympathetic stimulation, which may serve as a physiological brake to avoid over-activation of thermogenesis in brown and beige fat cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linyu Yan
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine of the Ministry of Education Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of School of Basic Medical SciencesFudan UniversityShanghai200 032China
| | - Weiwei Jin
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine of the Ministry of Education Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of School of Basic Medical SciencesFudan UniversityShanghai200 032China
| | - Qingwen Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine of the Ministry of Education Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of School of Basic Medical SciencesFudan UniversityShanghai200 032China
| | - Xuan Cui
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine of the Ministry of Education Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of School of Basic Medical SciencesFudan UniversityShanghai200 032China
| | - Ting Shi
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine of the Ministry of Education Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of School of Basic Medical SciencesFudan UniversityShanghai200 032China
| | - Yingjiang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine of the Ministry of Education Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of School of Basic Medical SciencesFudan UniversityShanghai200 032China
| | - Feiyan Li
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine of the Ministry of Education Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of School of Basic Medical SciencesFudan UniversityShanghai200 032China
| | - Wenfang Jin
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine of the Ministry of Education Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of School of Basic Medical SciencesFudan UniversityShanghai200 032China
| | - Zhe Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine of the Ministry of Education Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of School of Basic Medical SciencesFudan UniversityShanghai200 032China
| | - Zhao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine of the Ministry of Education Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of School of Basic Medical SciencesFudan UniversityShanghai200 032China
| | - Qi‐Qun Tang
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine of the Ministry of Education Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of School of Basic Medical SciencesFudan UniversityShanghai200 032China
| | - Dongning Pan
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine of the Ministry of Education Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of School of Basic Medical SciencesFudan UniversityShanghai200 032China
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Involvement of 5-HT1A receptor-mediated histone acetylation in the regulation of depression. Neuroreport 2021; 32:1049-1057. [PMID: 34232131 DOI: 10.1097/wnr.0000000000001693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Depression is one of the most common and disabling mental disorders. There is growing evidence that 5-HT1A receptor is involved in the regulation of depressive-related behaviors. However, the exact mechanism underlying the role of 5-HT1A receptor in depression remains unknown. Histone acetylation is associated with the pathophysiology and treatment of depression. In the current study, we investigated whether the epigenetic histone deacetylase (HDAC)-induced histone acetylation mediates the regulation of 5-HT1A receptor in depressive behaviors. We showed that 5-HT1A receptor selective agonist (±)-8-hydroxy-2-(dipropylamino) tetralin hydrobromide led to significant increase in acetylation of H3 at lysine 9 (Ac-H3K9) and H4 at lysine 5 (Ac-H4K5) and lysine 12 (Ac-H4K12) with obviously decreasing histone deacetylase 1 (HDAC1), histone deacetylase 2 (HDAC2), histone deacetylase 4 (HDAC4) and histone deacetylase 5 (HDAC5) expression in hippocampus of mice. Conversely, 5-HT1A receptor selective antagonist NAN-190 decreased the level of acetylation of H3 and H4 with increasing the expression of HDAC1, HDAC2, HDAC4 and HDAC5 in the hippocampus. Furthermore, we found that HDAC inhibitors, trichostatin A or suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid infusion to hippocampus prevented the depressive behaviors induced by NAN-190, as well as histone H3 and H4 acetylation in mice. Our results suggested that epigenetic histone acetylation coupled with 5-HT1A receptor may play vital role in the pathophysiology and treatment of depressive disorders.
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Novel treatments for autism spectrum disorder based on genomics and systems biology. Pharmacol Ther 2021; 230:107939. [PMID: 34174273 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2021.107939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a highly heterogeneous neurodevelopmental disorder with a complex underlying genetic architecture. There are currently no known pharmacologic treatments for the core ASD symptoms of social deficits and restricted/ repetitive behavior. However, there are dozens of clinical trials currently underway that are testing the impact of novel and existing agents on core and associated symptoms in ASD. METHODS We present a narrative synthesis of the historical and contemporary challenges to drug discovery in ASD. We then provide an overview of novel treatments currently under investigation from a genomics and systems biology perspective. RESULTS Data driven network and cluster analyses suggest alterations in transcriptional regulation, chromatin remodelling, synaptic transmission, neuropeptide signalling, and/or immunological mechanisms may contribute to or underlie the development of ASD. Agents and upcoming trials targeting each of the above listed systems are reviewed. CONCLUSION Identifying effective pharmacologic treatments for the core and associated symptom domains in ASD will require further collaboration and innovation in the areas of outcome measurement, biomarker research, and genomics, as well as systematic efforts to identify and treat subgroups of individuals with ASD who may be differentially responsive to specific treatments.
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16
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Barbieri SS, Sandrini L, Musazzi L, Popoli M, Ieraci A. Apocynin Prevents Anxiety-Like Behavior and Histone Deacetylases Overexpression Induced by Sub-Chronic Stress in Mice. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11060885. [PMID: 34203655 PMCID: PMC8232084 DOI: 10.3390/biom11060885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Revised: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Anxiety disorders are common mental health diseases affecting up to 7% of people around the world. Stress is considered one of the major environmental risk factors to promote anxiety disorders through mechanisms involving epigenetic changes. Moreover, alteration in redox balance and increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production have been detected in anxiety patients and in stressed-animal models of anxiety. Here we tested if the administration of apocynin, a natural origin antioxidant, may prevent the anxiety-like phenotype and reduction of histone acetylation induced by a subchronic forced swimming stress (FSS) paradigm. We found that apocynin prevented the enhanced latency time in the novelty-suppressed feeding test, and the production of malondialdehyde induced by FSS. Moreover, apocynin was able to block the upregulation of p47phox, a key subunit of the NADPH oxidase complex. Finally, apocynin prevented the rise of hippocampal Hdac1, Hdac4 and Hdac5, and the reduction of histone-3 acetylation levels promoted by FSS exposure. In conclusion, our results provide evidence that apocynin reduces the deleterious effect of stress and suggests that oxidative stress may regulate epigenetic mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia S. Barbieri
- Unit of Brain-Heart Axis: Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms, Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, 20138 Milan, Italy; (S.S.B.); (L.S.)
| | - Leonardo Sandrini
- Unit of Brain-Heart Axis: Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms, Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, 20138 Milan, Italy; (S.S.B.); (L.S.)
| | - Laura Musazzi
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20900 Monza, Italy;
| | - Maurizio Popoli
- Laboratory of Neuropsychopharmacology and Functional Neurogenomics, Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy;
| | - Alessandro Ieraci
- Laboratory of Neuropsychopharmacology and Functional Neurogenomics, Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy;
- Correspondence:
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Misztak P, Sowa-Kućma M, Szewczyk B, Nowak G. Vorinostat (SAHA) May Exert Its Antidepressant-Like Effects Through the Modulation of Oxidative Stress Pathways. Neurotox Res 2021; 39:170-181. [PMID: 33400178 DOI: 10.1007/s12640-020-00317-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2020] [Revised: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA/Vorinostat), a potent inhibitor of histone deacetylases (HDACs), is known to possess antidepressant properties. However, the exact mechanisms underlying this activity are unknown. In this study, we evaluated the effect of SAHA on the expression of GluN2A, GluN2B (NMDA receptor subunits), (p-)AMPK, and ΔFos proteins which are an integral part of the signal transduction pathways in the brain and also involved in the pathophysiology of depression as well as the mechanism of antidepressant action. We also measured the concentration of malondialdehyde (MDA - a product of lipid peroxidation). The study was carried out in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and hippocampus (Hp), brain regions implicated in depression. Although SAHA induced changes in the expression of all the proteins and MDA concentration, the effects differed depending on the drug dose, time, and brain structure involved. SAHA reduced MDA concentration and significantly increased p-AMPK protein expression, indicating it may prevent oxidative stress. SAHA also increased the levels of HDAC3 and NMDA subunits (GluN2A and GluN2B), implying it is neuroprotective and may play a crucial role in synaptic plasticity. Moreover, ΔFosB and FosB levels were significantly elevated, suggesting that SAHA may modulate learning and memory processes. Overall, the data indicate that the Hp might play a pivotal role in the mechanism of action of SAHA, hinting at novel mechanisms it play in the antidepressant and neuroprotective effects of SAHA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Misztak
- Department of Pharmacobiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
- Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Laboratory of Trace Elements Neurobiology, Smetna 12, 31-343, Krakow, Poland
| | - Magdalena Sowa-Kućma
- Department of Human Physiology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Medical College of Rzeszow University, Kopisto 2a, 35-959, Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Bernadeta Szewczyk
- Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Laboratory of Trace Elements Neurobiology, Smetna 12, 31-343, Krakow, Poland
| | - Gabriel Nowak
- Department of Pharmacobiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland.
- Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Laboratory of Trace Elements Neurobiology, Smetna 12, 31-343, Krakow, Poland.
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Ershadi ASB, Amini-Khoei H, Hosseini MJ, Dehpour AR. SAHA Improves Depressive Symptoms, Cognitive Impairment and Oxidative Stress: Rise of a New Antidepressant Class. Neurochem Res 2021; 46:1252-1263. [PMID: 33576938 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-021-03263-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Revised: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Depression is a disabling psychiatric disorder affecting millions of people all around the world. Under current therapeutic choices, a portion of patients are not responsive, have relapses, or experience cognitive side effects. Hence, the present study aimed to find other antidepressant compounds lacking the mentioned deficiency. Since epigenetic regulations have attracted more attention in etiology of depression, histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors have gained more importance due to their possible antidepressant activity. We selected a promising member of HDAC inhibitors named suberanilohydroxamic acid (SAHA) to evaluate its antidepressant properties. Early life stress disarrays many neurodevelopmental factors and consequently, leads to the destruction of hippocampus and prefrontal cortex synapses as areas highly related to emotion and memory so that any destruction on them can cause lasting impairments. For that reason, we used maternal separation (MS) paradigm to investigate depression in male mice. To compare the efficacy of SAHA with current treatment options, we also treated a group of MS mice with fluoxetine (FLX) as first-line pharmacological drugs of depression. The results demonstrated that depressive-like behavior, cognitive function and inflammatory response of MS mice were attenuated with SAHA. Our data showed that, besides anti-depressant and cognition-boosting effects similar to FLX, SAHA counteracted inflammatory response caused by depression and reversed the coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) level in hippocampus. SAHA's effect on alleviating depressive behavior was accompanied with memory enhancement and hippocampus biochemical tests. These findings may propose SAHA as another therapeutic option for depressive symptoms, especially with comorbid cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Sasan Bayani Ershadi
- Zanjan Applied Pharmacology Research Center, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran.,Departments of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, P. O. Box: 45139-56184, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Hossein Amini-Khoei
- Medical Plants Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, P. O. Box: 88138-33435, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Mir-Jamal Hosseini
- Zanjan Applied Pharmacology Research Center, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran. .,Departments of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, P. O. Box: 45139-56184, Zanjan, Iran.
| | - Ahmad Reza Dehpour
- Experimental Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. .,Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box: 13145-784, Tehran, Iran.
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Li W, Ali T, Zheng C, Liu Z, He K, Shah FA, Ren Q, Rahman SU, Li N, Yu ZJ, Li S. Fluoxetine regulates eEF2 activity (phosphorylation) via HDAC1 inhibitory mechanism in an LPS-induced mouse model of depression. J Neuroinflammation 2021; 18:38. [PMID: 33526073 PMCID: PMC7852137 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-021-02091-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Selective serotonin reuptaker inhibitors, including fluoxetine, are widely studied and prescribed antidepressants, while their exact molecular and cellular mechanism are yet to be defined. We investigated the involvement of HDAC1 and eEF2 in the antidepressant mechanisms of fluoxetine using a lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced depression-like behavior model. METHODS For in vivo analysis, mice were treated with LPS (2 mg/kg BW), fluoxetine (20 mg/kg BW), HDAC1 activator (Exifone: 54 mg/kg BW) and NH125 (1 mg/kg BW). Depressive-like behaviors were confirmed via behavior tests including OFT, FST, SPT, and TST. Cytokines were measured by ELISA while Iba-1 and GFAP expression were determined by immunofluorescence. Further, the desired gene expression was measured by immunoblotting. For in vitro analysis, BV2 cell lines were cultured; treated with LPS, exifone, and fluoxetine; collected; and analyzed. RESULTS Mice treated with LPS displayed depression-like behaviors, pronounced neuroinflammation, increased HDAC1 expression, and reduced eEF2 activity, as accompanied by altered synaptogenic factors including BDNF, SNAP25, and PSD95. Fluoxetine treatment exhibited antidepressant effects and ameliorated the molecular changes induced by LPS. Exifone, a selective HDAC1 activator, reversed the antidepressant and anti-inflammatory effects of fluoxetine both in vivo and in vitro, supporting a causing role of HDAC1 in neuroinflammation allied depression. Further molecular mechanisms underlying HDAC1 were explored with NH125, an eEF2K inhibitor, whose treatment reduced immobility time, altered pro-inflammatory cytokines, and NLRP3 expression. Moreover, NH125 treatment enhanced eEF2 and GSK3β activities, BDNF, SNAP25, and PSD95 expression, but had no effects on HDAC1. CONCLUSIONS Our results showed that the antidepressant effects of fluoxetine may involve HDAC1-eEF2 related neuroinflammation and synaptogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weifen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenomics, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, 518055 China
| | - Tahir Ali
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenomics, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, 518055 China
| | - Chengyou Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenomics, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, 518055 China
| | - Zizhen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenomics, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, 518055 China
| | - Kaiwu He
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenomics, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, 518055 China
| | - Fawad Ali Shah
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenomics, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, 518055 China
- Riphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah International University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Qingguo Ren
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shafiq Ur Rahman
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenomics, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, 518055 China
- Department of Pharmacy, Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University, Sheringal, Dir, 18000, Pakistan
| | - Ningning Li
- Tomas Lindahl Nobel Laureate Laboratory, Precision Medicine Research Centre, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107 China
| | - Zhi-Jian Yu
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Endogenous Infections, The 6th Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Center, No 89, Taoyuan Road, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, 518052 China
| | - Shupeng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenomics, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, 518055 China
- Campbell Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario Canada
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20
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Nishi M. Effects of Early-Life Stress on the Brain and Behaviors: Implications of Early Maternal Separation in Rodents. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E7212. [PMID: 33003605 PMCID: PMC7584021 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21197212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Revised: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Early-life stress during the prenatal and postnatal periods affects the formation of neural networks that influence brain function throughout life. Previous studies have indicated that maternal separation (MS), a typical rodent model equivalent to early-life stress and, more specifically, to child abuse and/or neglect in humans, can modulate the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, affecting subsequent neuronal function and emotional behavior. However, the neural basis of the long-lasting effects of early-life stress on brain function has not been clarified. In the present review, we describe the alterations in the HPA-axis activity-focusing on serum corticosterone (CORT)-and in the end products of the HPA axis as well as on the CORT receptor in rodents. We then introduce the brain regions activated during various patterns of MS, including repeated MS and single exposure to MS at various stages before weaning, via an investigation of c-Fos expression, which is a biological marker of neuronal activity. Furthermore, we discuss the alterations in behavior and gene expression in the brains of adult mice exposed to MS. Finally, we ask whether MS repeats itself and whether intergenerational transmission of child abuse and neglect is possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayumi Nishi
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara 634-8521, Japan
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21
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Misztak P, Pańczyszyn-Trzewik P, Nowak G, Sowa-Kućma M. Epigenetic marks and their relationship with BDNF in the brain of suicide victims. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0239335. [PMID: 32970734 PMCID: PMC7513998 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0239335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Suicide is a common phenomenon affecting people of all ages. There is a strong relationship between suicidal ideation and depressive disorders. Increasing number of studies suggest that epigenetic modifications in certain brain areas are the main mechanism through which environmental and genetic factors interact with each other contributing to the development of mental disorders. To verify this hypothesis, some epigenetic marks: H3K9/14ac, HDAC2/3, H3K27me2 and Sin3a, as well as p-S421-MeCP2/MeCP2 were examined. On the other hand, BDNF protein level were studied. Materials and methods Western blot analysis were performed in the frontal cortex (FCx) and hippocampus (HP) of suicide victims (n = 14) and non-suicidal controls (n = 8). The differences between groups and correlations between selected proteins were evaluated using Mann-Whitney U-test and Spearman’s rank correlation. Results Statistically significant decrease in H3K9/14ac (FCx:↓~23%;HP:↓~33%) combined with increase in HDAC3 (FCx:↑~103%;HP:↑~85% in HP) protein levels in suicides compared to the controls was shown. These alterations were accompanied by an increase in H3K27me2 (FCx:↑45%;HP:↑~59%) and Sin3a (HP:↑50%) levels and decrease in p-S421-MeCP2/MeCP2 protein ratio (HP:↓~55%;FCx:↓~27%). Moreover, reduced BDNF protein level (FCx:↓~43%;HP:↓~28%) in suicides was observed. On the other hand, some significant correlations (e.g. between H3K9/14ac and HDAC2 or between BDNF and p-S421-MeCP2/MeCP2) were demonstrated. Conclusions Our findings confirm the role of epigenetic component and BDNF protein in suicidal behavior. Lowered BDNF protein level in suicides is probably due to decrease in histone acetylation and increased level of factors related with deacetylation and methylation processes, including MeCP2 factor, which may operate bidirectionally (an activator or inhibitor of transcription).
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Misztak
- Department of Neurobiology, Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland
- Chair of Pharmacobiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Patrycja Pańczyszyn-Trzewik
- Department of Neurobiology, Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland
- Department of Human Physiology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Medical College of Rzeszow University, Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Gabriel Nowak
- Department of Neurobiology, Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland
- Chair of Pharmacobiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Magdalena Sowa-Kućma
- Department of Neurobiology, Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland
- Department of Human Physiology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Medical College of Rzeszow University, Rzeszow, Poland
- * E-mail: ,
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22
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Venditti S, Verdone L, Reale A, Vetriani V, Caserta M, Zampieri M. Molecules of Silence: Effects of Meditation on Gene Expression and Epigenetics. Front Psychol 2020; 11:1767. [PMID: 32849047 PMCID: PMC7431950 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.01767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Many studies have consistently demonstrated an epigenetic link between environmental stimuli and physiological as well as cognitive responses. Epigenetic mechanisms represent a way to regulate gene activity in real time without modifying the DNA sequence, thus allowing the genome to adapt its functions to changing environmental contexts. Factors such as lifestyle, behavior, and the practice of sitting and moving mindful activities have been shown to be important means of environmental enrichment. Such practices, which include mindfulness meditation, Vipassana, Yoga, Tai Chi, and Quadrato Motor Training, have been reported to positively impact well-being. In fact, they can be considered emotional and attentional regulatory activities, which, by inducing a state of greater inner silence, allow the development of increased self-awareness. Inner silence can therefore be considered a powerful tool to counteract the negative effects of overabundant environmental noise, thanks to its power to relieve stress-related symptoms. Since all these positive outcomes rely on physiological and biochemical activities, the molecular and epigenetic mechanisms influenced by different mindful practices have recently started to be investigated. Here, we review some of the findings that could allow us to uncover the mechanisms by which specific practices influence well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Venditti
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology "Charles Darwin", Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Loredana Verdone
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, National Council of Research (CNR), Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Reale
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Valerio Vetriani
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology "Charles Darwin", Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Micaela Caserta
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, National Council of Research (CNR), Rome, Italy
| | - Michele Zampieri
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
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Rajkumar AP, Qvist P, Donskov JG, Lazarus R, Pallesen J, Nava N, Winther G, Liebenberg N, Cour SHL, Paternoster V, Fryland T, Palmfeldt J, Fejgin K, Mørk A, Nyegaard M, Pakkenberg B, Didriksen M, Nyengaard JR, Wegener G, Mors O, Christensen JH, Børglum AD. Reduced Brd1 expression leads to reversible depression-like behaviors and gene-expression changes in female mice. Transl Psychiatry 2020; 10:239. [PMID: 32681022 PMCID: PMC7367888 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-020-00914-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Revised: 06/20/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The schizophrenia-associated gene, BRD1, encodes an epigenetic regulator in which chromatin interactome is enriched with genes implicated in mental health. Alterations in histone modifications and epigenetic regulation contribute to brain transcriptomic changes in affective disorders and preclinical data supports a role for BRD1 in psychopathology. However, the implication of BRD1 on affective pathology remains poorly understood. In this study, we assess affective behaviors and associated neurobiology in Brd1+/- mice along with their responses to Fluoxetine and Imipramine. This involves behavioral, neurostructural, and neurochemical characterizations along with regional cerebral gene expression profiling combined with integrative functional genomic analyses. We report behavioral changes in female Brd1+/- mice with translational value to depressive symptomatology that can be alleviated by the administration of antidepressant medications. Behavioral changes are accompanied by altered brain morphometry and imbalances in monoaminergic systems. In accordance, gene expression changes across brain tissues reveal altered neurotransmitter signaling and cluster in functional pathways associated with depression including 'Adrenergic-, GPCR-, cAMP-, and CREB/CREM-signaling'. Integrative gene expression analysis specifically links changes in amygdaloid intracellular signaling activity to the behavioral treatment response in Brd1+/- mice. Collectively, our study highlights the importance of BRD1 as a modulator of affective pathology and adds to our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying affective disorders and their treatment response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anto P. Rajkumar
- grid.452548.a0000 0000 9817 5300IPSYCH, The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Aarhus, Denmark ,grid.7048.b0000 0001 1956 2722Department of Biomedicine and Centre for Integrative Sequencing, iSEQ, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark ,grid.7048.b0000 0001 1956 2722Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark ,grid.4563.40000 0004 1936 8868Division of Psychiatry and Applied Psychology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK ,grid.13097.3c0000 0001 2322 6764Department of Old Age Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, & Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Per Qvist
- IPSYCH, The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Aarhus, Denmark. .,Department of Biomedicine and Centre for Integrative Sequencing, iSEQ, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark. .,Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark. .,Synaptic Transmission, H. Lundbeck A/S, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Julie G. Donskov
- grid.452548.a0000 0000 9817 5300IPSYCH, The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Aarhus, Denmark ,grid.7048.b0000 0001 1956 2722Department of Biomedicine and Centre for Integrative Sequencing, iSEQ, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark ,grid.7048.b0000 0001 1956 2722Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Ross Lazarus
- grid.1051.50000 0000 9760 5620Computational Biology, Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes institute, Melbourne, VIC Australia
| | - Jonatan Pallesen
- grid.452548.a0000 0000 9817 5300IPSYCH, The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Aarhus, Denmark ,grid.7048.b0000 0001 1956 2722Department of Biomedicine and Centre for Integrative Sequencing, iSEQ, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark ,grid.7048.b0000 0001 1956 2722Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Nicoletta Nava
- grid.154185.c0000 0004 0512 597XTranslational Neuropsychiatry Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark ,grid.7048.b0000 0001 1956 2722Core Centre for Molecular Morphology, Section for Stereology and Microscopy, Department of Clinical Medicine, Centre for Stochastic Geometry and Advanced Bioimaging, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Gudrun Winther
- grid.154185.c0000 0004 0512 597XTranslational Neuropsychiatry Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Nico Liebenberg
- grid.154185.c0000 0004 0512 597XTranslational Neuropsychiatry Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Sanne H. la Cour
- grid.452548.a0000 0000 9817 5300IPSYCH, The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Aarhus, Denmark ,grid.7048.b0000 0001 1956 2722Department of Biomedicine and Centre for Integrative Sequencing, iSEQ, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark ,grid.7048.b0000 0001 1956 2722Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Veerle Paternoster
- grid.452548.a0000 0000 9817 5300IPSYCH, The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Aarhus, Denmark ,grid.7048.b0000 0001 1956 2722Department of Biomedicine and Centre for Integrative Sequencing, iSEQ, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark ,grid.7048.b0000 0001 1956 2722Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Tue Fryland
- grid.452548.a0000 0000 9817 5300IPSYCH, The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Aarhus, Denmark ,grid.7048.b0000 0001 1956 2722Department of Biomedicine and Centre for Integrative Sequencing, iSEQ, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark ,grid.7048.b0000 0001 1956 2722Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Johan Palmfeldt
- grid.154185.c0000 0004 0512 597XResearch Unit for Molecular Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Kim Fejgin
- grid.424580.f0000 0004 0476 7612Synaptic Transmission, H. Lundbeck A/S, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Arne Mørk
- grid.424580.f0000 0004 0476 7612Synaptic Transmission, H. Lundbeck A/S, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mette Nyegaard
- grid.452548.a0000 0000 9817 5300IPSYCH, The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Aarhus, Denmark ,grid.7048.b0000 0001 1956 2722Department of Biomedicine and Centre for Integrative Sequencing, iSEQ, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark ,grid.7048.b0000 0001 1956 2722Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Bente Pakkenberg
- grid.411702.10000 0000 9350 8874Research Laboratory for Stereology and Neuroscience, Bispebjerg University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Michael Didriksen
- grid.424580.f0000 0004 0476 7612Synaptic Transmission, H. Lundbeck A/S, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jens R. Nyengaard
- grid.7048.b0000 0001 1956 2722Core Centre for Molecular Morphology, Section for Stereology and Microscopy, Department of Clinical Medicine, Centre for Stochastic Geometry and Advanced Bioimaging, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Gregers Wegener
- grid.154185.c0000 0004 0512 597XTranslational Neuropsychiatry Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Ole Mors
- grid.7048.b0000 0001 1956 2722Department of Biomedicine and Centre for Integrative Sequencing, iSEQ, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark ,grid.7048.b0000 0001 1956 2722Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark ,grid.154185.c0000 0004 0512 597XPsychosis Research Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Jane H. Christensen
- grid.452548.a0000 0000 9817 5300IPSYCH, The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Aarhus, Denmark ,grid.7048.b0000 0001 1956 2722Department of Biomedicine and Centre for Integrative Sequencing, iSEQ, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark ,grid.7048.b0000 0001 1956 2722Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Anders D. Børglum
- grid.452548.a0000 0000 9817 5300IPSYCH, The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Aarhus, Denmark ,grid.7048.b0000 0001 1956 2722Department of Biomedicine and Centre for Integrative Sequencing, iSEQ, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark ,grid.7048.b0000 0001 1956 2722Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
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24
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Vacca M, Celano G, Calabrese FM, Portincasa P, Gobbetti M, De Angelis M. The Controversial Role of Human Gut Lachnospiraceae. Microorganisms 2020; 8:E573. [PMID: 32326636 PMCID: PMC7232163 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8040573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 755] [Impact Index Per Article: 188.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Revised: 04/05/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The complex polymicrobial composition of human gut microbiota plays a key role in health and disease. Lachnospiraceae belong to the core of gut microbiota, colonizing the intestinal lumen from birth and increasing, in terms of species richness and their relative abundances during the host's life. Although, members of Lachnospiraceae are among the main producers of short-chain fatty acids, different taxa of Lachnospiraceae are also associated with different intra- and extraintestinal diseases. Their impact on the host physiology is often inconsistent across different studies. Here, we discuss changes in Lachnospiraceae abundances according to health and disease. With the aim of harnessing Lachnospiraceae to promote human health, we also analyze how nutrients from the host diet can influence their growth and how their metabolites can, in turn, influence host physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirco Vacca
- Department of Soil, Plant and Food Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70126 Bari, Italy; (M.V.); (F.M.C.); (M.D.A.)
| | - Giuseppe Celano
- Department of Soil, Plant and Food Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70126 Bari, Italy; (M.V.); (F.M.C.); (M.D.A.)
| | - Francesco Maria Calabrese
- Department of Soil, Plant and Food Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70126 Bari, Italy; (M.V.); (F.M.C.); (M.D.A.)
| | - Piero Portincasa
- Clinica Medica “A. Murri”, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari Medical School, 70121 Bari, Italy
| | - Marco Gobbetti
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Free University of Bozen, 39100 Bolzano, Italy;
| | - Maria De Angelis
- Department of Soil, Plant and Food Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70126 Bari, Italy; (M.V.); (F.M.C.); (M.D.A.)
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25
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Carbone C, Brancato A, Adinolfi A, Lo Russo SLM, Alleva E, Cannizzaro C, Adriani W. Motor Transitions' Peculiarity of Heterozygous DAT Rats When Offspring of an Unconventional KOxWT Mating. Neuroscience 2020; 433:108-120. [PMID: 32171819 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2020.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Revised: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Causal factors of psychiatric diseases are unclear, due to gene × environment interactions. Evaluation of consequences, after a dopamine-transporter (DAT) gene knock-out (DAT-KO), has enhanced our understanding into the pathological dynamics of several brain disorders, such as Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity and Bipolar-Affective disorders. Recently, our attention has shifted to DAT hypo-functional (heterozygous, HET) rodents: HET dams display less maternal care and HET females display marked hypo-locomotion if cared by HET dams (Mariano et al., 2019). We assessed phenotypes of male DAT-heterozygous rats as a function of their parents: we compared "maternal" origin (MAT-HET, obtained by breeding KO-male rats with WT-female dams) to "mixed" origin (MIX-HET, obtained by classical breeding, both heterozygous parents) of the allele. MAT-HET subjects had significantly longer rhythms of daily locomotor activity than MIX-HET and WT-control subjects. Furthermore, acute methylphenidate (MPH: 0, 1, 2 mg/kg) revealed elevated threshold for locomotor stimulation in MAT-HETs, with no response to the lower dose. Finally, by Porsolt-Test, MAT-HETs showed enhanced escape-seeking (diving) with more transitions towards behavioral despair (floating). When comparing both MAT- and MIX-HET to WT-control rats, decreased levels of DAT and HDAC4 were evident in the ventral-striatum; moreover, with respect to MIX-HET subjects, MAT-HET ones displayed increased DAT density in dorsal-striatum. MAT-HET rats displayed region-specific changes in DAT expression, compared to "classical" MIX-HET subjects: greater DAT availability may elevate threshold for dopamine action. Further behavioral and epigenetic characterizations of MAT-HETs, together with deeper characterization of maternal roles, could help to explore parent-of-origin mechanisms for such a peculiar phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristiana Carbone
- Center for Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Brancato
- Dept Sciences of Health Promotion & Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Palermo, Italy
| | - Annalisa Adinolfi
- Center for Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Enrico Alleva
- Center for Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Carla Cannizzaro
- Dept Sciences of Health Promotion & Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Palermo, Italy
| | - Walter Adriani
- Center for Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy.
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26
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Shepard RD, Langlois LD, Authement ME, Nugent FS. Histone deacetylase inhibition reduces ventral tegmental area dopamine neuronal hyperexcitability involving AKAP150 signaling following maternal deprivation in juvenile male rats. J Neurosci Res 2020; 98:1457-1467. [PMID: 32162391 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.24613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Revised: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Traumatic early life stress (ELS) is linked to dopamine (DA) dysregulation which increases the probability of developing psychiatric disorders in adolescence and adulthood. Our prior studies demonstrated that a severe early life stressor, a 24-hr maternal deprivation (MD) in juvenile male rats, could lead to altered DA signaling from the ventral tegmental area (VTA) due to impairment of GABAergic synaptic plasticity (promoting GABAergic long-term depression, LTD) with concomitant changes in the abundance of synaptic regulators including A-kinase anchoring protein (AKAP150). Importantly, these MD-induced synaptic changes in the VTA were accompanied by upregulation of histone deacetylase 2, histone hypoacetylation, and were reversible by HDAC inhibition. Using cell-attached and whole-cell patch clamp recordings, we found that MD stress also increased spontaneous VTA DA neuronal activity and excitability in juvenile male rats without affecting intrinsic excitability. Postsynaptic chemical disruption of AKAP150 and protein kinase A interaction increased VTA DA neuronal excitability in control non-MD rats mimicking the effects of MD on DA cell excitability with similar changes in membrane properties. Interestingly, this disruption decreased MD-induced VTA DA hyperexcitability. This MD-induced DA neuronal hyperexcitability could also be normalized at 24 hr after injection of the class 1 HDAC inhibitor, CI-994. Altogether, our data suggest that AKAP150 plays a critical role in the regulation of VTA DA neuronal excitability and that HDAC-mediated targeting of AKAP150 signaling could normalize VTA DA dysfunction following ELS thereby providing novel therapeutic targets for prevention of later life psychopathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan D Shepard
- Edward Hebert School of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Ludovic D Langlois
- Edward Hebert School of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Michael E Authement
- Edward Hebert School of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Fereshteh S Nugent
- Edward Hebert School of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA
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27
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Martínez-Pacheco H, Picazo O, López-Torres A, Morin JP, Castro-Cerritos KV, Zepeda RC, Roldán-Roldán G. Biochemical and Behavioral Characterization of IN14, a New Inhibitor of HDACs with Antidepressant-Like Properties. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10020299. [PMID: 32075023 PMCID: PMC7072255 DOI: 10.3390/biom10020299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2019] [Revised: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Evidence suggests that histone deacetylases (HDACs) inhibitors could be used as an effective treatment for some psychiatric and neurological conditions such as depression, anxiety and age-related cognitive decline. However, non-specific HDAC inhibiting compounds have a clear disadvantage regarding their efficacy and safety, thus the need to develop more selective ones. The present study evaluated the toxicity, the capacity to inhibit HDAC activity and antidepressant-like activity of three recently described class I HDAC inhibitors IN01, IN04 and IN14, using A. salina toxicity test, in vitro fluorometric HDAC activity assay and forced-swimming test, respectively. Our data show that IN14 possesses a better profile than the other two. Therefore, the pro-cognitive and antidepressant effects of IN14 were evaluated. In the forced-swimming test model of depression, intraperitoneal administration of IN14 (100 mg/Kg/day) for five days decreased immobility, a putative marker of behavioral despair, significantly more than tricyclic antidepressant desipramine, while also increasing climbing behavior, a putative marker of motivational behavior. On the other hand, IN14 left the retention latency in the elevated T-maze unaltered. These results suggest that novel HDAC class I inhibitor IN14 may represent a promising new antidepressant with low toxicity and encourages further studies on this compound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heidy Martínez-Pacheco
- Laboratorio de Neurobiología Conductual, Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico; (H.M.-P.); (J.-P.M.)
| | - Ofir Picazo
- Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación de la Escuela Superior de Medicina del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Plan de San Luis y Salvador Díaz Mirón s/n, Casco de Santo Tomás, Ciudad de México 11340, Mexico;
| | - Adolfo López-Torres
- Instituto de Química Aplicada, Universidad del Papaloapan, Campus Tuxtepec, Circuito Central 200, Parque Industrial, Tuxtepec, Oaxaca 68301, Mexico (K.V.C.-C.)
| | - Jean-Pascal Morin
- Laboratorio de Neurobiología Conductual, Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico; (H.M.-P.); (J.-P.M.)
| | - Karla Viridiana Castro-Cerritos
- Instituto de Química Aplicada, Universidad del Papaloapan, Campus Tuxtepec, Circuito Central 200, Parque Industrial, Tuxtepec, Oaxaca 68301, Mexico (K.V.C.-C.)
| | - Rossana Citlali Zepeda
- Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Veracruzana. Av. Dr. Luis Castelazo Ayala s/n. Col., Industrial Ánimas, Xalapa, Veracruz 91190, Mexico;
| | - Gabriel Roldán-Roldán
- Laboratorio de Neurobiología Conductual, Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico; (H.M.-P.); (J.-P.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +52-5556-232364
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28
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Lu M, Zhang X, Xu Y, He G, Liu Q, Zhu J, Zhang C. Elevated histone H3 citrullination is associated with increased Beclin1 expression in HBV-related hepatocellular carcinoma. J Med Virol 2020; 92:1221-1230. [PMID: 31900950 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.25663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 12/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Citrullinated histone H3 (H3Cit) is the product of the conversion of peptidylarginine to citrulline in histone H3. We evaluated the H3Cit level in hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tissues and assessed its association with Beclin1 messenger RNA (mRNA) (a key autophagic regulator). The level of H3Cit was detected by a capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, while Beclin1 mRNA was determined by real-time polymerase chain reaction in 80 HBV-related patients with HCC. We found that the mean level of H3Cit was 72.25 ng/mg in HCC and 44.02 ng/mg in nontumor tissues. The mean HCC/nontumor ratio of Beclin1 mRNA was higher (0.096) in tumor samples than in nontumor specimens (0.056). Specifically, Beclin1 mRNA was elevated in 51 HCC cases (63.75%) and decreased in 29 cases (36.25%). Moreover, the levels of H3Cit and Beclin1 mRNA were significantly associated with vascular invasion and serum AFP levels. A shorter survival (19 months) was associated with a high H3Cit level. We also found increased levels of Beclin1 mRNA in the H3Cit (high) group compared with the H3Cit (low) group. The results implied that elevated histone H3 citrullination is associated with increased Beclin1 expression during the development of HBV-related HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingzhu Lu
- Clinical Oncology Laboratory, Changzhou Cancer Hospital, Soochow University, Changzhou, China
| | - Xianjing Zhang
- The Second Clinical Medical School, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yun Xu
- Department of Oncology, Nanyang Center Hospital, Nanyang, China
| | - Guangzhao He
- Clinical Oncology Laboratory, Changzhou Cancer Hospital, Soochow University, Changzhou, China
| | - Qian Liu
- Clinical Oncology Laboratory, Changzhou Cancer Hospital, Soochow University, Changzhou, China
| | - Jing Zhu
- Department of Laboratory, the Affiliated Suzhou Science and Technology Town Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, China
| | - Changsong Zhang
- Department of Laboratory, the Affiliated Suzhou Science and Technology Town Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, China
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29
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Histone deacetylases 1, 2 and 3 in nervous system development. Curr Opin Pharmacol 2020; 50:74-81. [PMID: 31901696 DOI: 10.1016/j.coph.2019.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2019] [Revised: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Although histone acetylases (HDACS) were initially believed to render chromatin in a transcriptionally repressed state by deacetylating histones, it is now known that they both repress and activate transcription. Moreover, HDACs regulate the activity and/or function of a large number of other cellular proteins localized in the nucleus and cytoplasm. Accumulating evidence indicates that HDACs also play a key role in the development of the nervous system. This review focuses on three classical HDACS - HDACs 1, 2 and 3. Although much evidence on the involvement of HDACs in neurodevelopment has come from the use of pharmacological inhibitors, because these agents are not specific in their action on individual HDAC proteins, this review only describes evidence derived from the use of molecular genetic approaches. Our review describes that HDACs 1, 2 and 3 play crucial roles in neurodevelopment by regulating neurogenesis, gliogenesis, the development of neural circuitry and synaptic transmission.
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30
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Epigenetic Mechanisms in the Neurodevelopmental Theory of Depression. DEPRESSION RESEARCH AND TREATMENT 2020; 2020:6357873. [PMID: 32373361 PMCID: PMC7196148 DOI: 10.1155/2020/6357873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2019] [Revised: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The genome (genes), epigenome, and environment work together from the earliest stages of human life to produce a phenotype of human health or disease. Epigenetic modifications, including among other things: DNA methylation, modifications of histones and chromatin structure, as well as functions of noncoding RNA, are coresponsible for specific patterns of gene expression. This refers also to mental disorders, including depressive disorders. Early childhood experiences accompanied by severe stressors (considered a risk factor for depression in adult life) are linked with changes in gene expression. They include genes involved in a response to stress (hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, HPA), associated with autonomic nervous system hyperactivity and with cortical, and subcortical processes of neuroplasticity and neurodegeneration. These are, among others: gene encoding glucocorticoid receptor, FK506 binding protein 5 gene (FKBP5), gene encoding arginine vasopressin and oestrogen receptor alpha, 5-hydroxy-tryptamine transporter gene (SLC6A4), and gene encoding brain-derived neurotrophic factor. How about personality? Can the experiences unique to every human being, the history of his or her development and gene-environment interactions, through epigenetic mechanisms, shape the features of our personality? Can we pass on these features to future generations? Hence, is the risk of depression inherent in our biological nature? Can we change our destiny?
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31
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Antidepressant mechanisms of venlafaxine involving increasing histone acetylation and modulating tyrosine hydroxylase and tryptophan hydroxylase expression in hippocampus of depressive rats. Neuroreport 2019; 30:255-261. [PMID: 30640193 DOI: 10.1097/wnr.0000000000001191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Venlafaxine (VEN) is a widely used antidepressant as a serotonin-reuptake and norepinephrine-reuptake inhibitor. It is used primarily in depression, especially with generalized anxiety disorder or chronic pain. This medicine is of interest because its mechanisms involved multiple aspects. In the current study, the antidepressant action of VEN was investigated by studying the histone acetylation and expression of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) and tryptophan hydroxylase (TPH) in rats exposed to chronic unpredicted stress (CUS) for 28 days. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into a control group, VEN-treated control group, CUS group, and VEN-treated CUS group. VEN (23.4 mg/kg once daily) was administered to rats by intragastric gavage, whereas the same volume of vehicle was given to rats in the control and model groups. Rat behaviors, acetylated H3 at lysine 9 (acH3K9), acetylated H3 at lysine 14 (acH3K14), acetylated H4 at lysine 12 (acH4K12), histone deacetylase 5, and TH and TPH expression in the hippocampus were determined. Chronic VEN treatment significantly relieved the anxiety- and depression-like behaviors, prevented the increase of histone deacetylase 5 expression and decrease of acH3K9 level, and promoted TH and TPH protein expression in the hippocampus of CUS rats. The results suggest that the preventive antidepressant mechanism of VEN is partly involved in the blocking effects on histone de-acetylated modification and then increasing TH, TPH expression.
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32
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Caspani G, Kennedy S, Foster JA, Swann J. Gut microbial metabolites in depression: understanding the biochemical mechanisms. MICROBIAL CELL 2019; 6:454-481. [PMID: 31646148 PMCID: PMC6780009 DOI: 10.15698/mic2019.10.693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Gastrointestinal and central function are intrinsically connected by the gut microbiota, an ecosystem that has co-evolved with the host to expand its biotransformational capabilities and interact with host physiological processes by means of its metabolic products. Abnormalities in this microbiota-gut-brain axis have emerged as a key component in the pathophysiology of depression, leading to more research attempting to understand the neuroactive potential of the products of gut microbial metabolism. This review explores the potential for the gut microbiota to contribute to depression and focuses on the role that microbially-derived molecules – neurotransmitters, short-chain fatty acids, indoles, bile acids, choline metabolites, lactate and vitamins – play in the context of emotional behavior. The future of gut-brain axis research lies is moving away from association, towards the mechanisms underlying the relationship between the gut bacteria and depressive behavior. We propose that direct and indirect mechanisms exist through which gut microbial metabolites affect depressive behavior: these include (i) direct stimulation of central receptors, (ii) peripheral stimulation of neural, endocrine, and immune mediators, and (iii) epigenetic regulation of histone acetylation and DNA methylation. Elucidating these mechanisms is essential to expand our understanding of the etiology of depression, and to develop new strategies to harness the beneficial psychotropic effects of these molecules. Overall, the review highlights the potential for dietary interventions to represent such novel therapeutic strategies for major depressive disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgia Caspani
- Computational Systems Medicine, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, UK
| | - Sidney Kennedy
- Centre for Mental Health and Krembil Research Centre, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, CA.,Mental Health Services, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, CA.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, CA.,Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, CA
| | - Jane A Foster
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jonathan Swann
- Computational Systems Medicine, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, UK
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33
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Chen WY, Zhang H, Gatta E, Glover EJ, Pandey SC, Lasek AW. The histone deacetylase inhibitor suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA) alleviates depression-like behavior and normalizes epigenetic changes in the hippocampus during ethanol withdrawal. Alcohol 2019; 78:79-87. [PMID: 30851364 PMCID: PMC6612300 DOI: 10.1016/j.alcohol.2019.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2018] [Revised: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Withdrawal from chronic alcohol drinking can cause depression, leading to an inability to function in daily life and an increased risk for relapse to harmful drinking. Understanding the causes of alcohol withdrawal-related depression may lead to new therapeutic targets for treatment. Epigenetic factors have recently emerged as important contributors to both depression and alcohol use disorder (AUD). Specifically, acetylation of the N-terminal tails of histone proteins that package DNA into nucleosomes is altered in stress-induced models of depression and during alcohol withdrawal. The goal of this study was to examine depression-like behavior during alcohol withdrawal and associated changes in histone acetylation and expression of histone deacetylase 2 (HDAC2) in the hippocampus, a brain region critical for mood regulation and depression. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were treated with the Lieber-DeCarli ethanol liquid diet for 15 days and then underwent withdrawal. Rats were treated with the HDAC inhibitor, suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA), during withdrawal and were tested for depression-like behavior. In a separate group of rats, the hippocampus was analyzed for mRNA and protein expression of HDAC2 and levels of histone H3 lysine 9 acetylation (H3K9ac) during chronic ethanol exposure and withdrawal. Rats undergoing ethanol withdrawal exhibited depression-like behavior and had increased HDAC2 and decreased H3K9ac levels in specific structures of the hippocampus. Treatment with SAHA during withdrawal ameliorated depression-like behavior and normalized changes in hippocampal HDAC2 and H3K9ac levels. These results demonstrate that ethanol withdrawal causes an altered epigenetic state in the hippocampus. Treatment with an HDAC inhibitor can correct this state and alleviate depression-like symptoms developed during withdrawal. Targeting histone acetylation may be a novel strategy to reduce ethanol withdrawal-induced depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Yang Chen
- Center for Alcohol Research in Epigenetics, Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, 1601 West Taylor Street, Chicago, IL 60612, United States
| | - Huaibo Zhang
- Center for Alcohol Research in Epigenetics, Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, 1601 West Taylor Street, Chicago, IL 60612, United States; Jesse Brown Veterans Affairs Medical Center, 820 South Damen Avenue, Chicago, IL 60612, United States
| | - Eleonora Gatta
- Center for Alcohol Research in Epigenetics, Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, 1601 West Taylor Street, Chicago, IL 60612, United States
| | - Elizabeth J Glover
- Center for Alcohol Research in Epigenetics, Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, 1601 West Taylor Street, Chicago, IL 60612, United States
| | - Subhash C Pandey
- Center for Alcohol Research in Epigenetics, Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, 1601 West Taylor Street, Chicago, IL 60612, United States; Jesse Brown Veterans Affairs Medical Center, 820 South Damen Avenue, Chicago, IL 60612, United States
| | - Amy W Lasek
- Center for Alcohol Research in Epigenetics, Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, 1601 West Taylor Street, Chicago, IL 60612, United States.
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Epigenetics and meditation. Curr Opin Psychol 2019; 28:76-80. [DOI: 10.1016/j.copsyc.2018.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2018] [Revised: 11/09/2018] [Accepted: 11/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Citraro R, Leo A, De Caro C, Nesci V, Gallo Cantafio ME, Amodio N, Mattace Raso G, Lama A, Russo R, Calignano A, Tallarico M, Russo E, De Sarro G. Effects of Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors on the Development of Epilepsy and Psychiatric Comorbidity in WAG/Rij Rats. Mol Neurobiol 2019; 57:408-421. [PMID: 31368023 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-019-01712-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Epigenetic mechanisms, such as alterations in histone acetylation based on histone deacetylases (HDACs) activity, have been linked not only to normal brain function but also to several brain disorders including epilepsy and the epileptogenic process. In WAG/Rij rats, a genetic model of absence epilepsy, epileptogenesis and mild-depression comorbidity, we investigated the effects of two HDAC inhibitors (HDACi), namely sodium butyrate (NaB), valproic acid (VPA) and their co-administration, on the development of absence seizures and related psychiatric/neurologic comorbidities following two different experimental paradigms. Treatment effects have been evaluated by EEG recordings (EEG) and behavioural tests at different time points. Prolonged and daily VPA and NaB treatment, started before absence seizure onset (P30), significantly reduced the development of absence epilepsy showing antiepileptogenic effects. These effects were enhanced by NaB/VPA co-administration. Furthermore, early-chronic HDACi treatment improved depressive-like behaviour and cognitive performance 1 month after treatment withdrawal. WAG/Rij rats of 7 months of age showed reduced acetylated levels of histone H3 and H4, analysed by Western Blotting of homogenized brain, in comparison to WAG/Rij before seizure onset (P30). The brain histone acetylation increased significantly during treatment with NaB or VPA alone and more markedly during co-administration. We also observed decreased expression of both HDAC1 and 3 following HDACi treatment compared to control group. Our results suggest that histone modifications may have a crucial role in the development of epilepsy and early treatment with HDACi might be a possible strategy for preventing epileptogenesis also affecting behavioural comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Citraro
- Department of Health Science, School of Medicine, University of Catanzaro, Via T. Campanella, 115, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Antonio Leo
- Department of Health Science, School of Medicine, University of Catanzaro, Via T. Campanella, 115, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Carmen De Caro
- Department of Health Science, School of Medicine, University of Catanzaro, Via T. Campanella, 115, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Valentina Nesci
- Department of Health Science, School of Medicine, University of Catanzaro, Via T. Campanella, 115, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Maria E Gallo Cantafio
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University and Translational Medical Oncology Unit, Salvatore Venuta University Campus, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Nicola Amodio
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University and Translational Medical Oncology Unit, Salvatore Venuta University Campus, Catanzaro, Italy
| | | | - Adriano Lama
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Roberto Russo
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Antonio Calignano
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Martina Tallarico
- Department of Health Science, School of Medicine, University of Catanzaro, Via T. Campanella, 115, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy.,Pharmacology Section, CNR, Institute of Neurological Sciences, Roccelletta di Borgia, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Emilio Russo
- Department of Health Science, School of Medicine, University of Catanzaro, Via T. Campanella, 115, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy.
| | - Giovambattista De Sarro
- Department of Health Science, School of Medicine, University of Catanzaro, Via T. Campanella, 115, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
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Chromodomain Y-like Protein-Mediated Histone Crotonylation Regulates Stress-Induced Depressive Behaviors. Biol Psychiatry 2019; 85:635-649. [PMID: 30665597 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2018.11.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2018] [Revised: 11/12/2018] [Accepted: 11/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Major depressive disorder is a prevalent and life-threatening illness in modern society. The susceptibility to major depressive disorder is profoundly influenced by environmental factors, such as stressful lifestyle or traumatic events, which could impose maladaptive transcriptional program through epigenetic regulation. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain elusive. Here, we examined the role of histone crotonylation, a novel type of histone modification, and chromodomain Y-like protein (CDYL), a crotonyl-coenzyme A hydratase and histone methyllysine reader, in this process. METHODS We used chronic social defeat stress and microdefeat stress to examine the depressive behaviors. In addition, we combined procedures that diagnose behavioral strategy in male mice with histone extraction, viral-mediated CDYL manipulations, RNA sequencing, chromatin immunoprecipitation, Western blot, and messenger RNA quantification. RESULTS The results indicate that stress-susceptible rodents exhibit lower levels of histone crotonylation in the medial prefrontal cortex concurrent with selective upregulation of CDYL. Overexpression of CDYL in the prelimbic cortex, a subregion of the medial prefrontal cortex, increases microdefeat-induced social avoidance behaviors and anhedonia in mice. Conversely, knockdown of CDYL in the prelimbic cortex prevents chronic social defeat stress-induced depression-like behaviors. Mechanistically, we show that CDYL inhibits structural synaptic plasticity mainly by transcriptional repression of neuropeptide VGF nerve growth factor inducible, and this activity is dependent on its dual effect on histone crotonylation and H3K27 trimethylation on the VGF promoter. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrate that CDYL-mediated histone crotonylation plays a critical role in regulating stress-induced depression, providing a potential therapeutic target for major depressive disorder.
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Kuehner JN, Bruggeman EC, Wen Z, Yao B. Epigenetic Regulations in Neuropsychiatric Disorders. Front Genet 2019; 10:268. [PMID: 31019524 PMCID: PMC6458251 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2019.00268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Precise genetic and epigenetic spatiotemporal regulation of gene expression is critical for proper brain development, function and circuitry formation in the mammalian central nervous system. Neuronal differentiation processes are tightly regulated by epigenetic mechanisms including DNA methylation, histone modifications, chromatin remodelers and non-coding RNAs. Dysregulation of any of these pathways is detrimental to normal neuronal development and functions, which can result in devastating neuropsychiatric disorders, such as depression, schizophrenia and autism spectrum disorders. In this review, we focus on the current understanding of epigenetic regulations in brain development and functions, as well as their implications in neuropsychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janise N Kuehner
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Emily C Bruggeman
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Zhexing Wen
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States.,Department of Cell Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States.,Department of Neurology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Bing Yao
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
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Iaconelli J, Xuan L, Karmacharya R. HDAC6 Modulates Signaling Pathways Relevant to Synaptic Biology and Neuronal Differentiation in Human Stem-Cell-Derived Neurons. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20071605. [PMID: 30935091 PMCID: PMC6480207 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20071605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Revised: 03/12/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies show that histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) has important roles in the human brain, especially in the context of a number of nervous system disorders. Animal models of neurodevelopmental, neurodegenerative, and neuropsychiatric disorders show that HDAC6 modulates important biological processes relevant to disease biology. Pan-selective histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors had been studied in animal behavioral assays and shown to induce synaptogenesis in rodent neuronal cultures. While most studies of HDACs in the nervous system have focused on class I HDACs located in the nucleus (e.g., HDACs 1,2,3), recent findings in rodent models suggest that the cytoplasmic class IIb HDAC, HDAC6, plays an important role in regulating mood-related behaviors. Human studies suggest a significant role for synaptic dysfunction in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and hippocampus in depression. Studies of HDAC inhibitors (HDACi) in human neuronal cells show that HDAC6 inhibitors (HDAC6i) increase the acetylation of specific lysine residues in proteins involved in synaptogenesis. This has led to the hypothesis that HDAC6i may modulate synaptic biology not through effects on the acetylation of histones, but by regulating acetylation of non-histone proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Iaconelli
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Massachusetts General Hospital, 185 Cambridge Street, Boston, MA 02114, USA.
- Chemical Biology Program, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA.
| | - Lucius Xuan
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Massachusetts General Hospital, 185 Cambridge Street, Boston, MA 02114, USA.
- Chemical Biology Program, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA.
| | - Rakesh Karmacharya
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Massachusetts General Hospital, 185 Cambridge Street, Boston, MA 02114, USA.
- Chemical Biology Program, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA.
- Schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorder Program, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA 02478, USA.
- Program in Neuroscience, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.
- Chemical Biology PhD Program, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.
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Jiang Z, You Q, Zhang X. Medicinal chemistry of metal chelating fragments in metalloenzyme active sites: A perspective. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 165:172-197. [PMID: 30684796 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2018] [Revised: 12/22/2018] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Numerous metal-containing enzymes (metalloenzymes) have been considered as drug targets related to diseases such as cancers, diabetes, anemia, AIDS, malaria, bacterial infection, fibrosis, and neurodegenerative diseases. Inhibitors of the metalloenzymes have been developed independently, most of which are mimics of substrates of the corresponding enzymes. However, little attention has been paid to the interactions between inhibitors and active site metal ions. This review is focused on different metal binding fragments and their chelating properties in the metal-containing active binding pockets of metalloenzymes. We have enumerated over one hundred of inhibitors targeting various metalloenzymes and identified over ten kinds of fragments with different binding patterns. Furthermore, we have investigated the inhibitors that are undergoing clinical evaluation in order to help looking for more potential scaffolds bearing metal binding fragments. This review will provide deep insights for the rational design of novel inhibitors targeting the metal-containing binding sites of specific proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhensheng Jiang
- Sate Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Qidong You
- Sate Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China.
| | - Xiaojin Zhang
- Sate Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China; Department of Chemistry, School of Science, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China.
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Abstract
Histone deacetylase 8 (HDAC8) is one of the attractive therapeutic anticancer targets. HDAC8 has been overexpressed in a variety of human cancers. Therefore, HDAC8 inhibitors offer beneficial effects in the treatment of solid and hematological tumors. Different HDAC inhibitors entered into different phases of clinical studies. However, selectivity towards specific HDAC8 enzyme is still demanding. In this patent review, a number of patented selective and nonselective HDAC8 inhibitors along with their implication as anticancer agents have been discussed in details. Molecules should possess modified fish-like structural arrangement to impart potency and selectivity towards HDAC8. This comprehensive patent analysis will surely provide newer aspects of designing selective HDAC8 inhibitors targeted to anticancer therapy in future.
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