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Lu L, Zhao D, Li C, Sun Y, Geng F, Zhang S, Li W, Wang S, Pan Y. The role of periodontitis in the development of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease in participants with the components of metabolic syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Oral Investig 2024; 28:339. [PMID: 38801482 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-024-05731-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Prevention of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) is important in individuals with metabolic syndrome components (MetS), and periodontitis may play an important role in this process. This study aims to evaluate the association between periodontitis and ASCVD in participants with the components of MetS, including obesity, dysglycemia, hypertension, and dyslipidemia. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study conducted followed the MOOSE reporting guidelines and the PRISMA 2020 guidelines. EMBASE, MEDLINE, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, PubMed and OpenGrey were searched for observational studies about the linkage of periodontitis to ASCVD in people with MetS components up to April 9, 2023. Cohort, case-control and cross-sectional studies were included after study selection. Quality evaluation was carried out using the original and modified Newcastle-Ottawa Scale as appropriate. Random-effects model was employed for meta-analysis. RESULTS Nineteen studies were finally included in the quality analysis, and all of them were assessed as moderate to high quality. Meta-analyses among fifteen studies revealed that the participants with periodontitis were more likely to develop ASCVD in those who have dysglycemia (RR = 1.25, 95% CI = 1.13-1.37; p < 0.05), obesity (RR = 1.13, 95% CI = 1.02-1.24; p < 0.05), dyslipidemia (RR = 1.36, 95% CI = 1.13-1.65; p < 0.05), or hypertension (1.20, 95% CI = 1.05-1.36; p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Periodontitis promotes the development of ASCVD in participants with one MetS component (obesity, dysglycemia, hypertension or dyslipidemia). CLINICAL RELEVANCE In people with MetS components, periodontitis may contribute to the ASCVD incidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijie Lu
- Department of Periodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Shenyang, China
| | - Dan Zhao
- Department of Implant Dentistry, Beijing Stomatological Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Chen Li
- Department of Periodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Shenyang, China
| | - Yangyang Sun
- Department of Periodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Shenyang, China
| | - Fengxue Geng
- Department of Periodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Shenyang, China
| | - Shuwei Zhang
- Department of Periodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Shenyang, China
| | - Weiqi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Songlin Wang
- Salivary Gland Disease Center, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, Beijing Laboratory of Oral Health and Beijing Stomatological Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China.
| | - Yaping Pan
- Department of Periodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Shenyang, China.
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Wang L, Du H, Sheng C, Dai H, Chen K. Association between metabolic syndrome and kidney cancer risk: a prospective cohort study. Lipids Health Dis 2024; 23:142. [PMID: 38760801 PMCID: PMC11100063 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-024-02138-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Kidney cancer has become known as a metabolic disease. However, there is limited evidence linking metabolic syndrome (MetS) with kidney cancer risk. This study aimed to investigate the association between MetS and its components and the risk of kidney cancer. METHODS UK Biobank data was used in this study. MetS was defined as having three or more metabolic abnormalities, while pre-MetS was defined as the presence of one or two metabolic abnormalities. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for kidney cancer risk by MetS category were calculated using multivariable Cox proportional hazards models. Subgroup analyses were conducted for age, sex, BMI, smoking status and drinking status. The joint effects of MetS and genetic factors on kidney cancer risk were also analyzed. RESULTS This study included 355,678 participants without cancer at recruitment. During a median follow-up of 11 years, 1203 participants developed kidney cancer. Compared to the metabolically healthy group, participants with pre-MetS (HR= 1.36, 95% CI: 1.06-1.74) or MetS (HR= 1. 70, 95% CI: 1.30-2.23) had a significantly greater risk of kidney cancer. This risk increased with the increasing number of MetS components (P for trend < 0.001). The combination of hypertension, dyslipidemia and central obesity contributed to the highest risk of kidney cancer (HR= 3.03, 95% CI: 1.91-4.80). Compared with participants with non-MetS and low genetic risk, those with MetS and high genetic risk had the highest risk of kidney cancer (HR= 1. 74, 95% CI: 1.41-2.14). CONCLUSIONS Both pre-MetS and MetS status were positively associated with kidney cancer risk. The risk associated with kidney cancer varied by combinations of MetS components. These findings may offer novel perspectives on the aetiology of kidney cancer and assist in designing primary prevention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cancer Epidemiology, Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Human Major Diseases, Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Han Du
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cancer Epidemiology, Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Human Major Diseases, Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Chao Sheng
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cancer Epidemiology, Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Human Major Diseases, Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Hongji Dai
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cancer Epidemiology, Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Human Major Diseases, Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300060, China.
| | - Kexin Chen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cancer Epidemiology, Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Human Major Diseases, Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300060, China.
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Su Z, Sun JY, Gao M, Sun W, Kong X. Molecular mechanisms and potential therapeutic targets in the pathogenesis of hypertension in visceral adipose tissue induced by a high-fat diet. Front Cardiovasc Med 2024; 11:1380906. [PMID: 38689862 PMCID: PMC11058983 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2024.1380906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Hypertension (HTN) presents a significant global public health challenge with diverse causative factors. The accumulation of visceral adipose tissue (VAT) due to a high-fat diet (HFD) is an independent risk factor for HTN. While various studies have explored pathogenic mechanisms, a comprehensive understanding of impact of VAT on blood pressure necessitates bioinformatics analysis. Methods Datasets GSE214618 and GSE188336 were acquired from the Gene Expression Omnibus and analyzed to identify shared differentially expressed genes between HFD-VAT and HTN-VAT. Gene Ontology enrichment and protein-protein interaction analyses were conducted, leading to the identification of hub genes. We performed molecular validation of hub genes using RT-qPCR, Western-blotting and immunofluorescence staining. Furthermore, immune infiltration analysis using CIBERSORTx was performed. Results This study indicated that the predominant characteristic of VAT in HTN was related to energy metabolism. The red functional module was enriched in pathways associated with mitochondrial oxidative respiration and ATP metabolism processes. Spp1, Postn, and Gpnmb in VAT were identified as hub genes on the pathogenic mechanism of HTN. Proteins encoded by these hub genes were closely associated with the target organs-specifically, the resistance artery, aorta, and heart tissue. After treatment with empagliflozin, there was a tendency for Spp1, Postn, and Gpnmb to decrease in VAT. Immune infiltration analysis confirmed that inflammation and immune response may not be the main mechanisms by which visceral adiposity contributes to HTN. Conclusions Our study pinpointed the crucial causative factor of HTN in VAT following HFD. Spp1, Postn, and Gpnmb in VAT acted as hub genes that promote elevated blood pressure and can be targets for HTN treatment. These findings contributed to therapeutic strategies and prognostic markers for HTN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyang Su
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jin-Yu Sun
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital With Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Min Gao
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital With Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei Sun
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital With Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiangqing Kong
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital With Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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Liu W, Yang C, Lei F, Huang X, Cai J, Chen S, She ZG, Li H. Major lipids and lipoprotein levels and risk of blood pressure elevation: a Mendelian Randomisation study. EBioMedicine 2024; 100:104964. [PMID: 38181703 PMCID: PMC10789600 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2023.104964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Quantitative nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) metabolomics techniques provide detailed measurements of lipoprotein particle concentration. Metabolic dysfunction often represents a cluster of conditions, including dyslipidaemia, hypertension, and diabetes, that increase the risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). However, the causal relationship between lipid profiles and blood pressure (BP) remains unclear. We performed a Mendelian Randomisation (MR) study to disentangle and prioritize the potential causal effects of major lipids, lipoprotein particles, and circulating metabolites on BP and pulse pressure (PP). METHODS We employed single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with major lipids, lipoprotein particles, and other metabolites from the UK Biobank as instrumental variables. Summary-level data for BP and PP were obtained from the Genetic Epidemiology Research on Adult Health and Aging (GERA) cohort. Two-sample MR and MR Bayesian model averaging approaches (MR-BMA) were conducted to analyse and rank causal associations. FINDINGS Genetically predicted TG was the most likely causal exposure among the major lipids to increase systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP), with marginal inclusion probabilities (MIPs) of 0.993 and 0.847, respectively. Among the majority of lipoproteins and their containing lipids, including major lipids, genetically elevated TG in small high-density lipoproteins (S_HDL_TG) had the strongest association with the increase of SBP and DBP, with MIPs of 0.416 and 0.397, respectively. HDL cholesterol (HDL_C) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL_C) were potential causal factors for PP elevation among the major lipids (MIP = 0.927 for HDL_C and MIP = 0.718 for LDL_C). Within the sub-lipoproteins, genetically predicted atherogenic lipoprotein particles (i.e., sub-very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), intermediate-density lipoprotein (IDL), and LDL particles) had the most likely causal impact on increasing PP. INTERPRETATION This study provides genetic evidence for the causality of lipids on BP indicators. However, the effect size on SBP, DBP, and PP varies depending on the lipids' components and sizes. Understanding this potential relationship may inform the potential benefits of comprehensive management of lipid profiles for BP control. FUNDING Key Research and Development Program of Hubei Province, Science and Technology Innovation Project of Huanggang Central Hospital of Yangtze University, the Hubei Industrial Technology Research Institute of Heart-Brain Diseases, and the Hubei Provincial Engineering Research Centre of Comprehensive Care for Heart-Brain Diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weifang Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, Hubei Province, China; Institute of Model Animal, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Chengzhang Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Huanggang Central Hospital of Yangtze University, Huanggang, China; Huanggang Institute of Translational Medicine, Huanggang, China
| | - Fang Lei
- Institute of Model Animal, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Medical Science Research Centre, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xuewei Huang
- Institute of Model Animal, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Department of Cardiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jingjing Cai
- Institute of Model Animal, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Department of Cardiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Shaoze Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Huanggang Central Hospital of Yangtze University, Huanggang, China.
| | - Zhi-Gang She
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, Hubei Province, China; Institute of Model Animal, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
| | - Hongliang Li
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, Hubei Province, China; Institute of Model Animal, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
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Miyakoshi T, Ishikawa S, Okubo R, Hashimoto N, Sato N, Kusumi I, Ito YM. Risk factors for abnormal glucose metabolism during antipsychotic treatment: A prospective cohort study. J Psychiatr Res 2023; 168:149-156. [PMID: 37913741 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2023.10.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
Antipsychotic medications increase the risk of abnormal glucose metabolism. However, in clinical practice, it is difficult to predict this risk because it is affected by medication-related and background factors. This study aimed to identify the risk factors for abnormal glucose metabolism during antipsychotic treatment. We conducted a multicenter, prospective, cohort study in patients with schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, or bipolar disorder. Of these patients, those with prediabetes or possible diabetes were excluded. Finally, 706 patients were included in the analysis. The hazard ratio (HR) for each factor was calculated for events of progression to hyperglycemia using time-dependent Cox regression analysis stratified according to facility type and adjusted for available background and drug-related factors. Treatments with olanzapine (HR = 2.06, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.05-4.05), clozapine (HR = 4.25, 95% CI = 1.56-11.60), and chlorpromazine (HR = 4.48, 95% CI = 1.21-16.57), overweight and obesity (HR = 1.57, 95% CI = 1.02-2.41), and hypertriglyceridemia (HR = 1.72, 95% CI = 1.02-2.88) were associated with a significantly higher occurrence of hyperglycemic progression. The number and daily dose of antipsychotics were not associated with their occurrence. Our study demonstrated that more careful monitoring is necessary during olanzapine, clozapine, and chlorpromazine treatment because of the higher occurrence of abnormalities in glucose metabolism. Furthermore, patients with obesity or hypertriglyceridemia warrant monitoring for the occurrence of abnormal glucose metabolism, regardless of the type of antipsychotic medication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Miyakoshi
- Department of Health Data Science, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan.
| | - Shuhei Ishikawa
- Department of Psychiatry, Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, Japan.
| | - Ryo Okubo
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurology, National Hospital Organization Obihiro Hospital, Obihiro, Japan.
| | - Naoki Hashimoto
- Department of Psychiatry, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan.
| | - Norihiro Sato
- Clinical Research & Medical Innovation Center, Promotion Unit, Institute of Health Science Innovation for Medical Care, Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, Japan.
| | - Ichiro Kusumi
- Department of Psychiatry, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan.
| | - Yoichi M Ito
- Data Science Center, Promotion Unit, Institute of Health Science Innovation for Medical Care, Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, Japan.
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Wu K, Zheng H, Wu W, Chen G, Cai Z, Cai Z, Lan Y, Wu D, Wu S, Chen Y. Temporal relationship between triglyceride-glucose index and blood pressure and their joint cumulative effect on cardiovascular disease risk: a longitudinal cohort study. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2023; 22:332. [PMID: 38017521 PMCID: PMC10685547 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-023-02058-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Concurrent insulin resistance and elevated blood pressure are commonly observed in cardiovascular disease (CVD) and have long been proposed to contribute to CVD. However, the temporal relationship between them and the effect of their cumulative co-exposure on future incident CVD remains unclear. METHODS Longitudinal analysis of data on 57,192 participants from a real-world, prospective cohort study (Kailuan Study) was performed to address the temporal relationship between Triglyceride-Glucose Index (TyG, calculated as ln [TG (mg/dL) × FBG (mg/dL)/2]) and blood pressure (BP) assessed by cross-lagged analyses in an approximately 4-year exposure period (2006/2007 to 2010/2011). After excluding 879 participants with known diabetes, 56,313 nonCVD participants were included for further analysis of the CVD outcome. Cox regression models were used to examine the hazard ratios (HRs) upon the cumulative TyG (CumTyG) and BP(CumBP) in the exposure period. RESULTS The standard regression coefficient from baseline TyG to follow-up systolic BP was 0.0142 (95% CI 0.0059-0.0226), which was greater than the standard regression coefficient from baseline systolic BP to follow-up TyG (- 0.0390; 95% CI - 0.0469 to - 0.0311). The same results were observed in the cross-lag between TyG and diastolic blood pressure [0.0271 (0.0185 to 0.0356) vs. - 0.0372 (- 0.0451 to - 0.0293)]. During a median follow-up of 9.98 years, 3981 CVD cases occurred. Significant interactions were observed between the median CumTyG (8.61) and CumSBP thresholds (130, 140 mmHg) (P = 0.0149), the median CumTyG (8.61) and CumDBP thresholds (80, 90 mmHg) (P = 0.0441). Compared to CumTyG < 8.61 and CumSBP < 130 mmHg, after adjusting for potential confounding factors, the HR gradually increased in the high co-exposure groups. The hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for Q2-Q6 were 1.39 (1.24, 1.57), 1.94 (1.69, 2.22), 2.40 (2.12, 2.71), 2.74 (2.43, 3.10), and 3.07 (2.74, 3.45). Additionally, the CVD risks in the co-exposure were more prominent in younger participants. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that elevated TyG has a greater impact on future blood pressure changes than vice versa. Dual assessment and management of insulin resistance and blood pressure contribute to the prevention of CVD, especially in younger individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuangyi Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, 69 Dongxia North RD., Shantou, 515000, China
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Huancong Zheng
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, 69 Dongxia North RD., Shantou, 515000, China
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Weiqiang Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, 69 Dongxia North RD., Shantou, 515000, China
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Guanzhi Chen
- Cardiac Arrhythmia Center, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Zefeng Cai
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Zhiwei Cai
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, 69 Dongxia North RD., Shantou, 515000, China
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Yulong Lan
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, 69 Dongxia North RD., Shantou, 515000, China
- Department of Cardiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dan Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, 69 Dongxia North RD., Shantou, 515000, China
- Department of Cardiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shouling Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Kailuan General Hospital, 57 Xinhua East RD., Tangshan, 063000, China.
| | - Youren Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, 69 Dongxia North RD., Shantou, 515000, China.
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China.
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Tan L, Liu Y, Liu J, Zhang G, Liu Z, Shi R. Association between insulin resistance and uncontrolled hypertension and arterial stiffness among US adults: a population-based study. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2023; 22:311. [PMID: 37946205 PMCID: PMC10637002 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-023-02038-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prior research has established the correlation between insulin resistance (IR) and hypertension. While the association between triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index, a reliable surrogate marker of IR, and uncontrolled hypertension as well as arterial stiffness among individuals with hypertension remains undisclosed. METHODS In this study, a total of 8513 adults diagnosed with hypertension from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999-2018 were included. The primary outcome of the study are arterial stiffness (represented with estimated pulse wave velocity, ePWV) and uncontrolled hypertension. Logistic regression model, subgroup analysis, restricted cubic spine, and smooth curve fitting curve were conducted to evaluate the association between the IR indicators and uncontrolled hypertension and arterial stiffness in individuals with hypertension. RESULTS Among included participants, the overall prevalence of uncontrolled hypertension was 54.3%. After adjusting for all potential covariates, compared with the first quartile of TyG index, the risk of uncontrolled hypertension increased about 28% and 49% for participants in the third quartile (OR, 1.28; 95% CI 1.06-1.52) and the fourth quartile (OR, 1.49; 95% CI 1.21-1.89) of TyG index, respectively. The higher OR of TyG index was observed in participants taking antihypertensive medication [fourth quartile versus first quartile (OR, 2.03; 95% CI 1.37-3.11)]. Meanwhile, we explored the potential association between TyG index and arterial stiffness and found that TyG index was significantly associated with increased arterial stiffness (β for ePWV, 0.04; 95% CI 0.00-0.08; P = 0.039). However, traditional IR indicator HOMA-IR showed no significant positive correlation to uncontrolled hypertension as well as arterial stiffness in US adults with hypertension. CONCLUSION Elevated levels of the TyG index were positive associated with prevalence of uncontrolled hypertension and arterial stiffness among US adults with hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liao Tan
- Department of Cardiology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan, China
| | - Yubo Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Guogang Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan, China
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zhaoya Liu
- Department of the Geriatrics, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan, China.
| | - Ruizheng Shi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
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Wei Y, Wang R, Wang J, Han X, Wang F, Zhang Z, Xu Y, Zhang X, Guo H, Yang H, Li X, He M. Transitions in Metabolic Health Status and Obesity Over Time and Risk of Diabetes: The Dongfeng-Tongji Cohort Study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2023; 108:2024-2032. [PMID: 36718514 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgad047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Evidence regarding the association between metabolically healthy overweight or obesity (MHOO) and diabetes is controversial, and mostly ignores the dynamic change of metabolic health status and obesity. OBJECTIVE To explore the association between transitions of metabolic health status and obesity over 5 years and diabetes incidence. METHODS We examined 17 309 participants derived from the Dongfeng-Tongji cohort and followed from 2008 to 2018 (median follow-up 9.9 years). All participants were categorized into 4 phenotypes based on body mass index (BMI) and metabolic health status: metabolically healthy normal weight (MHNW), metabolically unhealthy normal weight (MUNW), MHOO, and metabolically unhealthy overweight or obesity (MUOO). The associations of changes in BMI-metabolic health status (2008-2013) with diabetes incidence (2018) were performed among 12 206 individuals with 2 follow-up examinations. RESULTS Compared with stable MHNW, stable MHOO (hazard ratio [HR] 1.76; 95% CI 1.26, 2.45) and transition from MHOO to metabolically unhealthy phenotypes were associated with higher risk for diabetes (HR 2.97; 95% CI 1.79, 4.93 in MHOO to MUNW group and HR 3.38; 95% CI 2.54, 4.49 in MHOO to MUOO group). Instead, improvements to metabolic healthy phenotypes or weight loss occurring in MUOO reduced the risk of diabetes compared with stable MUOO, changing from MUOO to MHNW, MUNW, and MHOO resulted in HRs of 0.57 (95% CI 0.37, 0.87), 0.68 (95% CI 0.50, 0.93), and 0.45 (95% CI 0.34, 0.60), respectively. CONCLUSION People with MHOO, even stable MHOO, or its transition to metabolically unhealthy phenotypes were at increased risk of diabetes. Metabolic improvements and weight control may reduce the risk of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Wei
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health for Incubating, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Ruixin Wang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health for Incubating, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health for Incubating, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Xu Han
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health for Incubating, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Fei Wang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health for Incubating, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Zefang Zhang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health for Incubating, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Yali Xu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health for Incubating, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Xiaomin Zhang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health for Incubating, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Huan Guo
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health for Incubating, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Handong Yang
- Dongfeng Central Hospital, Dongfeng Motor Corporation and Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei 442000, China
| | - Xiulou Li
- Dongfeng Central Hospital, Dongfeng Motor Corporation and Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei 442000, China
| | - Meian He
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health for Incubating, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
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Zhou W, Sun L, Zeng L, Wan L. Mediation of the association between sleep disorders and cardiovascular disease by depressive symptoms: An analysis of the National health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2017–2020. Prev Med Rep 2023; 33:102183. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2023.102183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
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Teymoori F, Jahromi MK, Ahmadirad H, Daftari G, Mokhtari E, Farhadnejad H, Mirmiran P, Azizi F. The association of dietary and lifestyle indices for insulin resistance with the risk of cardiometabolic diseases among Iranian adults. Sci Rep 2023; 13:6224. [PMID: 37069259 PMCID: PMC10110574 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-33505-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The current study aimed to examine the possible association of the dietary index for insulin resistance (DIR) and the lifestyle index for insulin resistance (LIR), determined by dietary components, body mass index, and physical activity, with the risk of cardiometabolic diseases, including insulin resistance (IR), hypertension (HTN), diabetes, and metabolic syndrome (MetS). This prospective cohort study was performed on 2717 individuals aged ≥ 19 years in the framework of the Tehran Lipid-Glucose Study. Data on nutritional intakes were assessed using a validated food frequency questionnaire. Logistic regression models were used to determine the odds ratio and 95% confidence intervals (ORs and 95% CIs) of cardiometabolic diseases across tertiles of DIR and LIR scores. During 3-years of follow-up, the incidence rate of diabetes, IR, HTN, and MetS was 3%, 13%, 13.9%, and 17%, respectively. In the multi-variables model, after controlling all potential confounders, the risk of IR(OR: 1.65, 95% CI 1.01-2.69, P-trend = 0.047), diabetes (OR: 1.95, 95% CI 1.02-3.74, P-trend = 0.058), and HTN(OR: 1.52, 95% CI 1.07-2.15, P-trend = 0.016) was increased across tertiles of DIR score. Also, the risk of IR (OR: 2.85, 95% CI 1.72-4.73, P-trend < 0.001), diabetes(OR: 2.44, 95% CI 1.24-4.78, P-trend = 0.004), HTN(OR: 1.95, 95% CI 1.35-2.81, P-trend < 0.001), and MetS (OR: 2.87, 95% CI 1.96-4.18, P-trend < 0.001) were increased across tertiles of LIR score. Our findings reported that a dietary pattern with a higher DIR score and a lifestyle with a higher LIR score might be related to increased cardiometabolic disorders, including diabetes, HTN, Mets, and IR in Iranian adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farshad Teymoori
- Nutrition and Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mitra Kazemi Jahromi
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Hamid Ahmadirad
- Nutrition and Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ghazal Daftari
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ebrahim Mokhtari
- Nutrition and Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Farhadnejad
- Nutrition and Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Parvin Mirmiran
- Nutrition and Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Fereidoun Azizi
- Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Thompson-Paul AM, Gillespie C, Wall HK, Loustalot F, Sperling L, Hong Y. Recommended and observed statin use among U.S. adults - National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2011-2018. J Clin Lipidol 2023; 17:225-235. [PMID: 36878764 PMCID: PMC10093150 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacl.2022.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Blood Cholesterol Guideline was published in 2013 (2013 Cholesterol Guideline) and the Multi-society Guideline on the Management of Blood Cholesterol in 2018 (2018 Cholesterol Guideline). OBJECTIVE To compare differences in population level estimates for statin recommendations and use between guidelines. METHODS Using four 2-year cycles from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2011-2018), we analyzed data from 8,642 non-pregnant adults aged ≥20 years with complete information for blood cholesterol measurements and other cardiovascular risk factors used to define treatment recommendations in the 2013 or 2018 Cholesterol Guidelines. We compared the prevalence of statin recommendations and use between the guidelines, overall and among patient management groups. RESULTS Under the 2013 Cholesterol Guideline, an estimated 77.8 million (33.6%) adults would be recommended statins, compared to 46.1 million (19.9%) recommended and 50.1 million (21.6%) considered for statins by the 2018 Cholesterol Guideline. Statin use among those recommended treatment was similar utilizing the 2018 Cholesterol Guideline (47.4%) compared to the 2013 Cholesterol Guideline (47.0%). Differences were observed across demographic and patient management groups. CONCLUSION Compared to the 2013 Cholesterol Guideline, the prevalence of statin recommendations decreased utilizing the 2018 Cholesterol Guideline algorithm, though additional persons would be considered for treatment after risk factor assessment and patient-clinician discussion under the 2018 Cholesterol Guideline. Statin use was suboptimal (<50%) for those recommended treatment under either guideline. Optimizing patient-clinician risk discussions and shared decision making may be needed to improve treatment rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela M Thompson-Paul
- U.S. Public Health Service, Rockville, MD, USA; Division for Heart Disease and Stroke Prevention, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
| | - Cathleen Gillespie
- Division for Heart Disease and Stroke Prevention, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Hilary K Wall
- Division for Heart Disease and Stroke Prevention, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Fleetwood Loustalot
- U.S. Public Health Service, Rockville, MD, USA; Division for Heart Disease and Stroke Prevention, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Laurence Sperling
- Division for Heart Disease and Stroke Prevention, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA; Emory University School of Medicine, Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Yuling Hong
- Division for Heart Disease and Stroke Prevention, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
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Wang FH, Meng LY, Yu TY, Tan Y, Quan H, Hu JY, Bai QK, Xie JC, Zhao YX. Associations of Abdominal Visceral Fat Content and Plasma Adiponectin Level With Intracranial Atherosclerotic Stenosis: A Cross-Sectional Study. Front Neurol 2022; 13:893401. [PMID: 35812109 PMCID: PMC9256915 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2022.893401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Abdominal obesity and adipocytokines are closely related to atherosclerosis, and adiponectin level is considered one of the important clinical indicators. This study aimed to analyze the associations of abdominal visceral fat content and adiponectin level with intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis (ICAS). Methods A total of 186 patients were enrolled in this study. Patients were distributed into ICAS and non-ICAS by the degree of artery stenosis. Plasma adiponectin levels and the ratio of visceral adipose tissue (VAT) to subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) were measured. The related factors of intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis were determined using multivariable logistic regression analysis. Results The VAT/SAT ratio (OR, 26.08; 95% CI, 5.92–114.83; p < 0.001) and adiponectin (OR, 0.61; 95% CI, 0.44–0.84; p = 0.002) were found to be the independent predictors of ICAS in a multivariable logistic regression analysis. The prevalence of ICAS increased (T1: 27.4%; T2: 50.0%; T3: 75.8%) as the VAT/SAT ratio tertile increased (p < 0.001). The prevalence of ICAS decreased (T1: 72.6%; T2: 54.8%; T3: 25.8%) as the adiponectin tertile increased (p < 0.001). In ROC curves analysis, VAT/SAT ratio had a sensible accuracy for the prediction of ICAS. The optimal cut-off value of VAT/SAT ratio to predict ICAS in this study was 1.04 (AUC: 0.747; p < 0.001; sensitivity: 67.4%; specificity: 74.7%). The optimal adiponectin cutoff was 3.03 ug/ml (AUC: 0.716; p < 0.001; sensitivity:75.8%; specificity: 61.5%). Conclusion Higher VAT/SAT ratio and lower plasma adiponectin levels were closely related to the increased risk of intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei-Hong Wang
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Long-Yan Meng
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Tong-Ya Yu
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Tan
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui Quan
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jia-Yu Hu
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qing-Ke Bai
- Department of Neurology, Pudong New Area People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Qing-Ke Bai
| | - Jun-Chao Xie
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Jun-Chao Xie
| | - Yan-Xin Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Yan-Xin Zhao
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Wei L, Sun J, Xie H, Zhuang Q, Wei P, Zhao X, Chen Y, Dong J, Li M, Chen C, Yang S, Shen C. Interaction Analysis of Abnormal Lipid Indices and Hypertension for Ischemic Stroke: A 10-Year Prospective Cohort Study. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:819274. [PMID: 35360026 PMCID: PMC8962740 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.819274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BackgroundDyslipidemia and hypertension are two important independent risk factors for ischemic stroke (IS); however, their combined effect on IS remains uncertain.ObjectivesThis present study aimed to evaluate the interaction effect of hypertension and abnormal lipid indices on IS in a 10-year prospective cohort in Chinese adults.MethodsThe cohort study of 4,128 participants was conducted in May 2009 and was followed up to July 2020. All qualified participants received a questionnaire survey, physical examination, and blood sample detection. Cox regression was used to evaluate the association of dyslipidemia and hypertension with IS, and calculate the hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI). The relative excess risk of interaction (RERI) and the HR (95%CI) of interaction terms were used to examine additive and multiplicative interactions.ResultsIn the hypertensive population, Non-HDL-C ≥190 mg/dl, LDL-C/HDL-C ≥2 and HDL-C ≥60 mg/dl were statistically associated with IS, and after adjusting for covariates, HRs (95%CIs) were 1.565 (1.007–2.429), 1.414 (1.034–1.933) and 0.665 (0.450–0.983), respectively. While in the non-hypertension population, no significant association of Non-HDL-C ≥190 mg/dl, LDL-C/HDL-C ≥2, and HDL-C ≥60 was detected with IS (P > 0.05). There was a significant association between TC/HDL-C ≥ 3.6 and the decreased risk of IS in the non-hypertension population, and the HR (95%CI) was 0.479 (0.307–0.750). Whereas, a similar association was not observed in the hypertensive population. HDL-C ≥ 60 mg/dl, Non-HDL-C ≥ 190 mg/dl, TC/HDL-C ≥ 3.6, and TG/HDL-C ≥ 1 have additive and multiplicative interactions with hypertension (P < 0.05). The RERIs (95% CIs) of the additive interaction are −0.93 (−1.882–0.044), 1.394 (0.38–2.407), 0.752 (0.354–1.151) and 0.575 (0.086–1.065), respectively. The HRs (95% CIs) of the multiplicative interaction terms were 0.498 (0.272–0.911), 4.218 (1.230–14.464), 2.423 (1.437–4.086) and 1.701 (1.016–2.848), respectively.ConclusionHigh concentration of HDL-C reduces the impact of hypertension on IS, while the high concentration of Non-HDL-C, TC/HDL-C, and TG/HDL-C positively interact with hypertension affecting the incidence of IS. This study provides useful evidence for the combined effects of dyslipidemia and hypertension in predicting IS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lai Wei
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Junxiang Sun
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Yixing People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, People's Hospital of Yixing City, Yixing, China
| | - Hankun Xie
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qian Zhuang
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Yixing People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, People's Hospital of Yixing City, Yixing, China
| | - Pengfei Wei
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Yixing People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, People's Hospital of Yixing City, Yixing, China
| | - Xianghai Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Yixing People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, People's Hospital of Yixing City, Yixing, China
| | - Yanchun Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Yixing People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, People's Hospital of Yixing City, Yixing, China
| | - Jiayi Dong
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Mengxia Li
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Changying Chen
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Song Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Yixing People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, People's Hospital of Yixing City, Yixing, China
- Song Yang
| | - Chong Shen
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Chong Shen
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Xie H, Zhuang Q, Mu J, Sun J, Wei P, Zhao X, Chen Y, Dong J, Chen C, Wei L, Yin Y, Yang S, Shen C. The relationship between lipid risk score and new-onset hypertension in a prospective cohort study. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:916951. [PMID: 36246874 PMCID: PMC9555054 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.916951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dyslipidemia and hypertension are both important risk factors for atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases. However, the relationship between dyslipidemia and incident hypertension remains to be elucidated comprehensively. The main purpose of this study was to construct the lipid risk score to explore the risk prediction effect of integrated lipid indices on new-onset hypertension. METHODS This prospective cohort study with 2116 non-hypertensive subjects was conducted from 2009 to 2020. New hypertension events during the follow-up period were recorded and verified. The lipid risk score was calculated by summing coded total cholesterol, triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol weighted with corresponding effect sizes. Cox regression analysis was used to estimate the association between the lipid risk score or lipid indices and incident hypertension in the subgroup of age (< 55 and≥ 55 years at baseline). RESULTS After a median of 10.75-year follow-up, 637 incident hypertension cases were identified. The restricted cubic spline showed that the lipid risk score had a positive linear correlation with hypertension (P< 0.001). Among people< 55 years, with every increase of 0.94 in lipid risk score, the risk of hypertension increased by 37% (adjusted HR [95%CI]: 1.369 [1.164-1.610]). This association was not modified by overweight or obesity. CONCLUSIONS The integrated lipid risk score, independent of traditional risk factors, has a significantly predictive effect on hypertension in people younger than 55 years. This finding may aid in identifying high-risk individuals for hypertension, as well as facilitating early intervention and management to reduce adverse cardiovascular events. Comprehensive lipid management should be attached importance in the prevention and control of hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hankun Xie
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qian Zhuang
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Yixing People’s Hospital of Jiangsu University, People’s Hospital of Yixing City, Yixing, China
| | - Jialing Mu
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Junxiang Sun
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Yixing People’s Hospital of Jiangsu University, People’s Hospital of Yixing City, Yixing, China
| | - Pengfei Wei
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Yixing People’s Hospital of Jiangsu University, People’s Hospital of Yixing City, Yixing, China
| | - Xianghai Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Yixing People’s Hospital of Jiangsu University, People’s Hospital of Yixing City, Yixing, China
| | - Yanchun Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Yixing People’s Hospital of Jiangsu University, People’s Hospital of Yixing City, Yixing, China
| | - Jiayi Dong
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Changying Chen
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lai Wei
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yunjie Yin
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Yixing People’s Hospital of Jiangsu University, People’s Hospital of Yixing City, Yixing, China
| | - Song Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Yixing People’s Hospital of Jiangsu University, People’s Hospital of Yixing City, Yixing, China
- *Correspondence: Chong Shen, ; Song Yang,
| | - Chong Shen
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Chong Shen, ; Song Yang,
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Yun JS, Ko SH. Current trends in epidemiology of cardiovascular disease and cardiovascular risk management in type 2 diabetes. Metabolism 2021; 123:154838. [PMID: 34333002 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2021.154838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
With the advances in diabetes care, the trend of incident cardiovascular disease (CVD) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has been decreasing over past decades. However, given that CVD is still a major cause of death in patients with diabetes and that the risk of CVD in patients with T2DM is more than twice that in those without DM, there are still considerable challenges to the prevention of CVD in diabetes. Accordingly, there have been several research efforts to decrease cardiovascular (CV) risk in T2DM. Large-scale genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and clinical cohort studies have investigated the effects of factors, such as genetic determinants, hypoglycaemia, and insulin resistance, on CVD and can account for the unexplained CV risk in T2DM. Lifestyle modification is a widely accepted cornerstone method to prevent CVD as the first-line strategy in T2DM. Recent reports from large CV outcome trials have proven the positive CV effects of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) in patients with high CVD risk. Overall, current practice guidelines for the management of CVD in T2DM are moving from a glucocentric strategy to a more individualised patient-centred approach. This review will discuss the current epidemiologic trends of CVD in T2DM and the risk factors linking T2DM to CVD, including genetic contribution, hypoglycaemia, and insulin resistance, and proper care strategies, including lifestyle and therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Seung Yun
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seung-Hyun Ko
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea.
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Yang C, Shang K, Lin C, Wang C, Shi X, Wang H, Li H. Processing technologies, phytochemical constituents, and biological activities of grape seed oil (GSO): A review. Trends Food Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2021.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Zhang C, Li L, Cheng S, Chowdhury D, Tan Y, Liu X, Zhao N, He X, Jiang M, Lu C, Lyu A. Weight changes in hypertensive patients with phlegm-dampness syndrome: an integrated proteomics and metabolomics approach. Chin Med 2021; 16:54. [PMID: 34233719 PMCID: PMC8265088 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-021-00462-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypertension (HTN) patients who have phlegm-dampness syndrome (PDS) tend to be obese and have worse outcomes. However, the association of body weight (BW) changes and mechanisms underlying the pathophysiology of HTN-PDS are not well elucidated. This study aims to identify the longitudinal observations associated with the circulating markers discriminating BW changes of individuals with HTN-PDS. METHODS An integrative approach relying on metabolomics and proteomics was applied to serum samples from HTN-PDS patients in a prospective cohort to identify the plausible mechanistic pathways underpinning HTN-PDS pathophysiology. Study participants were determined to have experienced a weight change if they showed a 5%-15% increase/reduction in BW at the end of the follow-up period. The joint pathway analysis and network analysis were performed using Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA®) on the serum samples obtained from the participants over the period. RESULTS The study involved 22 HTN-PDS patients who were overweight initially and were able to lose enough weight and 24 HTN-PDS individuals who developed overweight from normal BMI during a one-year follow-up. Our analysis suggested three types of phosphatidylcholine (PC) were altered. PC (22:2(13Z,16Z)/24:1(15Z)) and LysoPC (16:1(9Z)) were decreased in Queryweight gain samples, whereas the levels of PC (14:0/16:0) were increased in weight loss samples. The metabolomic analysis suggested 24 metabolites associated with HTN-PDS. Of them, 13 were up-regulated and 11 were down-regulated. The two-dimensional difference gel electrophoresis (2D DIGE) identified 45 phosphorylated proteins got altered in the HTN-PDS patients, wherein 23 were up-regulated and 22 were down-regulated. Integrated proteomic and metabolomics analyse acknowledged biomarkers PC, Complement C3, C4a/C4b, A2M and SERPINF1 as strong predictors for BW changes in HTN-PDS patients. CONCLUSION The combined serum proteomic and metabolomic profiling reveals a link between BW change and the complement system activity, altered phosphatidylcholine metabolism in HTN-PDS patients. Future studies with larger cohorts are required to strengthen and validate these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Zhang
- Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100700, China.
- Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.
| | - Li Li
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shiping Cheng
- School of Nursing, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Debajyoti Chowdhury
- Institute of Integrated Bioinformedicine & Translational Science, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yong Tan
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xinru Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ning Zhao
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaojuan He
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Miao Jiang
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Cheng Lu
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Aiping Lyu
- Institute of Integrated Bioinformedicine & Translational Science, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China.
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China.
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Zhao Y, Sun H, Zhang W, Xi Y, Shi X, Yang Y, Lu J, Zhang M, Sun L, Hu D. Elevated triglyceride-glucose index predicts risk of incident ischaemic stroke: The Rural Chinese cohort study. DIABETES & METABOLISM 2021; 47:101246. [PMID: 33722769 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabet.2021.101246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Revised: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
AIM As the association between insulin resistance and ischaemic stroke is conflicting, our study aimed to examine the association between triglyceride-glucose (TyG), a surrogate marker of insulin resistance, and incident ischaemic stroke, and also to further assess the potential effect of modification by several known risk factors of stroke. METHODS The Rural Chinese Cohort Study enrolled 11,777 participants, aged ≥40 years, who were free of stroke and cardiovascular disease at baseline during 2007-2008, and who were then followed during 2013-2014. TyG was determined using the following formula: Ln[fasting triglycerides (mg/dL) × fasting glucose (mg/dL)/2]. The relative risk (RR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of incident ischaemic stroke associated with TyG were estimated using modified Poisson regression models. RESULTS During a median follow-up duration of 6 years, 677 new ischaemic stroke cases were identified. After multivariate adjustment, RR (95% CI) values for ischaemic stroke were 1.33 (1.01-1.75), 1.57 (1.17-2.10) and 1.95 (1.34-2.82) in TyG quartile (Q) 2, 3 and 4 groups, respectively, compared with Q1. A significant interaction between TyG index and age for risk of ischaemic stroke (Pinteraction < 0.001) was also observed. However, no significant interaction was found between TyG index and other potential risk factors of risk for ischaemic stroke, although there were significant positive associations with female, non-smoker, non-drinker, low or moderate physical activity, non-obese and non-type 2 diabetes mellitus groups. CONCLUSION Elevated TyG index is an independent predictor of ischaemic stroke in the general population, and insulin resistance may be positively associated with future stroke risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Haohang Sun
- Cardiovascular Department, Zhengzhou Yihe Hospital Affiliated to Henan University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Weidong Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanlin Xi
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuezhong Shi
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongli Yang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Lu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming Zhang
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Liang Sun
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongsheng Hu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China; Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
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Xie Y, Guo R, Li Z, Guo X, Sun G, Sun Z, Zheng J, Sun Y, Zheng L. Temporal relationship between body mass index and triglyceride-glucose index and its impact on the incident of hypertension. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2019; 29:1220-1229. [PMID: 31383505 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2019.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2019] [Revised: 05/22/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Obesity and insulin levels can influence each other by metabolism. However, their temporal sequences and influence on hypertension are generally unknown, especially in Chinese adults. Recently, some scholars have proposed that triglycerides-glucose index (TyG) is an important indicator of insulin resistance. The study aims to describe the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and TyG index and its impact on hypertension. METHODS AND RESULTS A total of 4081 adults (56.33% women) without antihypertensive, hypoglycemic or lipid-lowering medications were selected for the present study. Measurements of BMI and TyG index were obtained twice from 2012 to 2017. Cross-lagged panel analysis was used to describe the temporal sequences between BMI and TyG index, and the effect of their temporal relationship patterns on hypertension was explored through mediation analysis. After adjusting for confounding factors (age, sex, ethnicity et al.), the cross-lagged path coefficient from baseline BMI to follow-up TyG (ρ2 = 0.135, P < 0.001) was significantly greater than the path coefficient from baseline TyG to follow-up BMI (ρ1 = 0.043, P < 0.001), and P < 0.001 for the difference between ρ1 and ρ2. Furthermore, the sensitivity analyses between women and men revealed identical findings. In addition, TyG index mediation effect on BMI-hypertension was estimated to be 38.45% (P < 0.001) in total population, 25.24% in women and 57.35% in men. CONCLUSION These results provided evidence that the temporal relationship between BMI and insulin resistance is reciprocal and a higher BMI precedes hyperinsulinemia in Chinese adults. This relationship plays an essential role in the development of hypertension, while there is a difference between women and men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanxia Xie
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Library, Department of Health Policy and Hospital Management, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110004, PR China
| | - Rongrong Guo
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Library, Department of Health Policy and Hospital Management, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110004, PR China
| | - Zhao Li
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, 155 Nanjing Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, PR China
| | - Xiaofan Guo
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, 155 Nanjing Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, PR China
| | - Guozhe Sun
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, 155 Nanjing Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, PR China
| | - Zhaoqing Sun
- Department of Cardiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110004, PR China
| | - Jia Zheng
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Library, Department of Health Policy and Hospital Management, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110004, PR China
| | - Yingxian Sun
- Department of Cardiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110004, PR China.
| | - Liqiang Zheng
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Library, Department of Health Policy and Hospital Management, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110004, PR China.
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Chen Y, Waqar AB, Yan H, Wang Y, Liang J, Fan J. Renovascular Hypertension Aggravates Atherosclerosis in Cholesterol-Fed Rabbits. J Vasc Res 2019; 56:28-38. [PMID: 30947215 DOI: 10.1159/000498897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Accepted: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypertension is a major risk factor for atherosclerotic disease. However, it is still not clear whether mechanical stress caused by hypertension directly affects the atherosclerotic development in the aorta and coronary arteries. OBJECTIVES AND METHODS We generated a hypertensive (HTN) rabbit model by surgical removal of the left kidney and partial ligation of the right renal artery. After a 16-week cholesterol diet, we compared aortic and coronary atherosclerosis of HTN rabbits with those of normotensive rabbits. RESULTS Hypertension did not affect lipid and apolipoprotein levels in plasma but led to a 3.0-fold increase in aortic atherosclerosis and a 1.7-fold increase in coronary atherosclerosis compared with control rabbits. Enhanced atherosclerosis in HTN rabbits was caused by significant increases in macrophages and smooth muscle cells in the lesions. Furthermore, oxidized LDL contents in the lesions were significantly increased in HTN rabbits. In addition, HTN rabbits exhibited prominent hyaline arteriolosclerosis in coronary arterioles. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that hyper tension not only enhances atherosclerosis in large arteries including the aorta and coronary arteries but also affects hyaline arteriolosclerosis in small arteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajie Chen
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Ahmed Bilal Waqar
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Haizhao Yan
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Yanli Wang
- Department of Pathology, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jingyan Liang
- Research Center for Vascular Biology, School of Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Jianglin Fan
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, Japan, .,School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, China,
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Kutkiene S, Petrulioniene Z, Laucevicius A, Serpytis P, Kasiulevicius V, Staigyte J, Saulyte A, Petrulionyte E, Gargalskaite U, Skiauteryte E, Matuzeviciene G, Kovaite M, Rinkuniene E. Cardiovascular risk assessment of dyslipidemic middle-aged adults without overt cardiovascular disease over the period of 2009-2016 in Lithuania. Lipids Health Dis 2018; 17:233. [PMID: 30305084 PMCID: PMC6180581 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-018-0883-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2018] [Accepted: 10/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiovascular mortality in Lithuania is extremely high and abnormal lipid levels are very common among Lithuanian adults. Dyslipidemia is one of the main independent risk factors for cardiovascular diseases (CVD) leading to high absolute CVD risk. The aim of this study was to assess CVD risk in dyslipidemic middle-aged subjects. METHODS During the period of 2009-2016 a total of 92,373 people (58.4% women and 41.6% men) were evaluated. This study included men aged 40-54 and women aged 50-64 without overt CVD. RESULTS Any type of dyslipidemia was present in 89.7% of all study population. 7.5% of dyslipidemic patients did not have any other conventional risk factors. Three and more risk factors were detected in 60.1% of dyslipidemic subjects. All analyzed risk factors, except smoking, were more common in dyslipidemic adults compared to subjects without dyslipidemia: arterial hypertension (55.8% vs. 43.3%, p < 0.001), diabetes (11.1% vs. 7.3%, p < 0.001), abdominal obesity (45.3% vs. 30.2%, p < 0.001), BMI ≥30 kg/m2 (35.8% vs. 23.7%, p < 0.001), metabolic syndrome (34.0% vs. 9.2%, p < 0.001), family history of coronary heart disease (26.3% vs. 23.1%, p < 0.001), unbalanced diet (62.5% vs. 52.9%, p < 0.001) and insufficient physical activity (52.0% vs. 44.2%, p < 0.001). The prevalence of all evaluated risk factors, except smoking, increased with age. Average SCORE index was 1.87 in all study population, while dyslipidemic subjects had higher SCORE compared to control group (1.95 vs 1.20, p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Almost two thirds of dyslipidemic middle-aged Lithuanian adults without overt cardiovascular disease had three or more other CVD risk factors, which synergistically increase absolute risk of CVD. The average 10-year risk of CVD death in patients with dyslipidemia was 1.95%. The importance of managing dyslipidemia as well as other risk factors in order to reduce burden of cardiovascular disease in Lithuania is evident.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Kutkiene
- Vilnius University, Faculty of Medicine, Clinic of Cardiac and Vascular Diseases, Vilnius, Lithuania
- Vilnius University, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius, Lithuania
- Vilnius University Hospital Santaros Klinikos, Santariskiu str. 2, 08661 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Zaneta Petrulioniene
- Vilnius University, Faculty of Medicine, Clinic of Cardiac and Vascular Diseases, Vilnius, Lithuania
- Vilnius University, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius, Lithuania
- Vilnius University Hospital Santaros Klinikos, Santariskiu str. 2, 08661 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Aleksandras Laucevicius
- Vilnius University, Faculty of Medicine, Clinic of Cardiac and Vascular Diseases, Vilnius, Lithuania
- Vilnius University, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius, Lithuania
- Vilnius University Hospital Santaros Klinikos, Santariskiu str. 2, 08661 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Pranas Serpytis
- Vilnius University, Faculty of Medicine, Clinic of Cardiac and Vascular Diseases, Vilnius, Lithuania
- Vilnius University, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius, Lithuania
- Vilnius University Hospital Santaros Klinikos, Santariskiu str. 2, 08661 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Vytautas Kasiulevicius
- Vilnius University, Faculty of Medicine, Clinic of Internal Diseases, Family Medicine and Oncology, Vilnius, Lithuania
- Vilnius University, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius, Lithuania
- Vilnius University Hospital Santaros Klinikos, Santariskiu str. 2, 08661 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | | | - Akvile Saulyte
- Vilnius University, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | | | - Urte Gargalskaite
- Vilnius University, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius, Lithuania
- Vilnius University Hospital Santaros Klinikos, Santariskiu str. 2, 08661 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Egle Skiauteryte
- Vilnius University, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius, Lithuania
- Vilnius University Hospital Santaros Klinikos, Santariskiu str. 2, 08661 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Gabija Matuzeviciene
- Vilnius University, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius, Lithuania
- Vilnius University Hospital Santaros Klinikos, Santariskiu str. 2, 08661 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Milda Kovaite
- Vilnius University Hospital Santaros Klinikos, Santariskiu str. 2, 08661 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Egidija Rinkuniene
- Vilnius University, Faculty of Medicine, Clinic of Cardiac and Vascular Diseases, Vilnius, Lithuania
- Vilnius University, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius, Lithuania
- Vilnius University Hospital Santaros Klinikos, Santariskiu str. 2, 08661 Vilnius, Lithuania
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Lee YB, Choi KM. Diet-Modulated Lipoprotein Metabolism and Vascular Inflammation Evaluated by 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography. Nutrients 2018; 10:nu10101382. [PMID: 30274193 PMCID: PMC6212959 DOI: 10.3390/nu10101382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2018] [Revised: 09/17/2018] [Accepted: 09/23/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Vascular inflammation plays a central role in atherosclerosis, from initiation and progression to acute thrombotic complications. Modified low-density lipoproteins (LDLs) and apoB-containing particles stimulate plaque inflammation by interacting with macrophages. Loss of function of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) for preventing LDL particles from oxidative modification in dyslipidemic states may amplify modified LDL actions, accelerating plaque inflammation. Diets are one of the most important factors that can affect these processes of lipoprotein oxidation and vascular inflammation. Recently, 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) has emerged as a reliable noninvasive imaging modality for identifying and quantifying vascular inflammation within atherosclerotic lesions based on the high glycolytic activity of macrophages infiltrating active atherosclerotic plaques. Vascular inflammation evaluated by FDG PET has been positively related to metabolic syndrome components and traditional risk factors of cardiovascular disease, including high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, body mass index, and insulin resistance. A positive association of vascular inflammation with endothelial dysfunction, resistin levels, pericardial adipose tissue, and visceral fat area has also been reported. In contrast, HDL cholesterol and adiponectin have been inversely related to vascular inflammation detected by FDG PET. Because of its reproducibility, serial FDG PET shows potential for tracking the effects of dietary interventions and other systemic and local antiatherosclerotic therapies for plaque inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- You-Bin Lee
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, 148 Gurodong-ro, Guro-gu, Seoul 08308, Korea.
| | - Kyung Mook Choi
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, 148 Gurodong-ro, Guro-gu, Seoul 08308, Korea.
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Iwamoto K, Kamo S, Takada Y, Ieda A, Yamashita T, Sato T, Zaima N, Moriyama T. Soyasapogenols reduce cellular triglyceride levels in 3T3-L1 mouse adipocyte cells by accelerating triglyceride lipolysis. Biochem Biophys Rep 2018; 16:44-49. [PMID: 30294680 PMCID: PMC6171538 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2018.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2018] [Revised: 07/27/2018] [Accepted: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Soyasapogenol is a soyasaponin aglycone, which has been suggested to exert a more potent function than the glycoside form. In this study, the effect of soyasapogenol A and B on cultured adipocyte cell function was investigated using mouse 3T3-L1 adipocyte cells. 3T3-L1 cells were treated with insulin, dexamethasone, and 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine for differentiation to adipocytes, and the cells were then cultured in the presence of soyasapogenol A or B (6.25 or 12.5 µM). The media were harvested and refreshed every 2 d. After a 10 d culture, the cells were harvested and the triglyceride content of the cells was determined. The triglyceride content of soyasapogenol B-treated cells was significantly lower than those of vehicle-treated cells. Glycerol and free fatty acid levels in the soyasapogenol-treated cell media were higher than those in vehicle cells. However, there was no difference in the level of adipose triglyceride lipase among soyasapogenol A-, soyasapogenol B-, and vehicle-treated cells. The secreted adiponectin and resistin levels of soyasapogenol-treated cell media were also different compared with those of vehicle-treated cells. Especially, the secreted resistin level in soyasapogenol B-treated cell media was obviously reduced compared with that of vehicle-treated cells. Taken together, these results suggest that soyasapogenol B exerted an anti-obesity and anti-diabetic effect on adipocytes by lowering the cellular triglyceride level by accelerating triglyceride lipolysis with reduced resistin secretion. Soyasapogenol A and B exerted an influence on TG accumulation in adipocytes. Soyasapogenol B accelerated lipolysis in adipocyte cells. Soyasapogenol-treated adipocytes significantly decreased resistin secretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuko Iwamoto
- School of Agriculture, Kindai University, Naka-machi, Nara, Nara 631-8505, Japan
| | - Shuichi Kamo
- Product Development Laboratory, J-OIL MILLS, Inc., 7–41, Daikoku-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama-city, Kanagawa 230-0053, Japan
| | - Yuichi Takada
- School of Agriculture, Kindai University, Naka-machi, Nara, Nara 631-8505, Japan
| | - Ayana Ieda
- School of Agriculture, Kindai University, Naka-machi, Nara, Nara 631-8505, Japan
| | - Takatoshi Yamashita
- Product Development Laboratory, J-OIL MILLS, Inc., 7–41, Daikoku-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama-city, Kanagawa 230-0053, Japan
| | - Toshiro Sato
- Fundamental Research Laboratory, J-OIL MILLS, Inc., 7–41, Daikoku-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama-city, Kanagawa 230-0053, Japan
| | - Nobuhiro Zaima
- School of Agriculture, Kindai University, Naka-machi, Nara, Nara 631-8505, Japan
- KINDAI Research Institute for Agricultural Technology and Innovation, Naka-machi, Nara, Nara 631–8505, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Moriyama
- School of Agriculture, Kindai University, Naka-machi, Nara, Nara 631-8505, Japan
- KINDAI Research Institute for Agricultural Technology and Innovation, Naka-machi, Nara, Nara 631–8505, Japan
- Corresponding author at: School of Agriculture, Kindai University, Naka-machi, Nara, Nara 631-8505, Japan.
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Luo Y, Li Z, Zhang J, Li J, Lu Z. Dyslipidaemia was correlated to the posterior circulation infarction in non-diabetic populations. Lipids Health Dis 2018; 17:150. [PMID: 29945627 PMCID: PMC6020360 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-018-0799-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2018] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Diabetes mellitus (DM) was prone to happening in posterior circulation infarction (POCI) and DM also has the impact on the lipids, our study was to investigate the correlation between lipid compositions and POCI. Methods Data was collected from the patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) hospitalization in Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School from October 2008 to May 2012. Lipids and other risk factors in the different populations were investigated in relation to occurrence of POCI based on the infarction location. Results Six hundred ten patients with AIS were included in this study, which had 428 with anterior circulation infarction (ACI) and 182 with POCI. Elevated Triglyceride (TG) and decreased High density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) were seen in the POCI of total populations and AIS without DM compared to the ACI, but not in the populations of AIS with DM, so did the elevated TG/HDL-C ratios. Also, the percent of low HDL-C level and high TG level were higher in POCI group than that in ACI group. Furthermore, single factors logistic regression demonstrated that TG, HDL-C and TG/HDL-C ratio were correlated to the POCI whatever in the total populations or AIS without DM, but this kind of trend just maintained in the populations of AIS without DM after adjusting by relative interference factors. Conclusion Dyslipidaemia was prone to happening in POCI compared to ACI in the non-diabetic populations, which was correlated to the pathogenesis of POCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Luo
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, No. 321 Zhongshan Road, Gulou District, Nanjing, 210008, Jiangsu Province, China.
| | - Zheng Li
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, No. 321 Zhongshan Road, Gulou District, Nanjing, 210008, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jiahui Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, No. 321 Zhongshan Road, Gulou District, Nanjing, 210008, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jingwei Li
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, No. 321 Zhongshan Road, Gulou District, Nanjing, 210008, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Zhengjuan Lu
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, No. 321 Zhongshan Road, Gulou District, Nanjing, 210008, Jiangsu Province, China
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Abi-Ayad M, Abbou A, Abi-Ayad FZ, Behadada O, Benyoucef M. HDL-C, ApoA1 and VLDL-TG as biomarkers for the carotid plaque presence in patients with metabolic syndrome. Diabetes Metab Syndr 2018; 12:175-179. [PMID: 29338972 DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2017.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2017] [Accepted: 12/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
AIM Hypercholesterolemia and hyper LDL-C are associated with the atherosclerosis (AS). The current study was performed to evaluate the implication of the others lipoproteins (HDL, LDL, VLDL) and apolipoproteins (ApoA1, ApoB100) with subclinical atherosclerosis (carotid plaque) in patients with metabolic syndrome (MetS) free from cardiovascular disease (CVD). METHODS Prospective transversal study was conducted in patients with MetS free from cardiovascular disease (CVD). The lipids, lipoproteins and apolipoproteins were measured. The lipoproteins (HDL, LDL, VLDL) were obtained by the precipitation method. The carotid plaque (CP) was evaluated by ultrasonography, method for assessing AS. Logistic regression and analysis tree were used to look for the association and the incrimination of the lipoproteins with the presence of CP. RESULTS The CP incidence was 60% among the participants, 34.29% on the right and the left plaque against 25.71% for only one plaque. The HDL-C was the only lipoprotein associated with the CP after adjustment of the age, the sex and BMI (OR: 0.007 P: 0.046) with the logistic regression analysis, HDL-C (<0.35 g/l), ApoA1 (<1.43 g/l) and VLDL-TG (>0.656 g/l) are implicated in the presence of CP with the analysis tree analysis. CONCLUSION Lower level of HDL-C is associated with CP, HDL-C, ApoA1, and high level VLDL-TG but not total cholesterol, and LDL-Care useful parameters in the assessment of initial atherosclerosis in metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Amine Abbou
- Cardiology Department, Tlemcen Hospital Algeria, Algeria
| | | | - Omar Behadada
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Tlemcen University, Algeria
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Zhou H, Wang K, Zhou X, Ruan S, Gan S, Cheng S, Lu Y. Prevalence and Gender-Specific Influencing Factors of Hypertension among Chinese Adults: A Cross-Sectional Survey Study in Nanchang, China. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 15:E382. [PMID: 29473870 PMCID: PMC5858451 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15020382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2018] [Revised: 02/09/2018] [Accepted: 02/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Hypertension has become the leading cause of death worldwide; data on hypertension among Nanchang adults are sparse. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence and gender-specific influencing factors of hypertension in adults in Nanchang, China. A cross-sectional survey was conducted with a representative sample of 2722 Chinese residents aged 18 years and above between May and September 2016, with a response rate of 92.4% (2516/2722). A stratified cluster sampling method was adopted in this study. Data on prevalence and influencing factors were obtained from a standard questionnaire and physical measurements. Univariate and multivariate logistic regressions were performed to analyze the influencing factors. The age-standardized prevalence was 19.8% (18.2-21.3) (male: 19.5% (18.0-21.1); female, 20.01% (18.5-21.6)). Factors positively associated with hypertension prevalence were past smoking, diabetes mellitus (DM), and overweight and obesity in both genders. Abdominal obesity and family history of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) were risk factors only in males; sleeping time and consumption of fresh vegetables and fruits were related to the prevalence of hypertension only in females. These findings will form the baseline information for the development of more effective approaches to enhance current prevention and control management of hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhou
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China.
| | - Kai Wang
- School of Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China.
| | - Xiaojun Zhou
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China.
| | - Shiying Ruan
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China.
| | - Shaohui Gan
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China.
| | - Siyuan Cheng
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Hawaii at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA.
| | - Yuanan Lu
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Hawaii at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA.
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Chen M, Ren L, Meng Y, Shi L, Chen L, Yu B, Wu Q, Qi G. The protease inhibitor E64d improves ox-LDL-induced endothelial dysfunction in human aortic endothelial cells. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2018; 96:120-127. [PMID: 28854341 DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2017-0016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL)-induced endothelial dysfunction in human vascular endothelial cells contributes to the development of atherosclerosis. E64d, a cysteine protease inhibitor, blocks the elastolytic activity of cathepsin essential for vascular matrix remodeling and reduces neurovascular endothelial apoptosis. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects and the underling mechanisms of E64d on ox-LDL-induced endothelial dysfunction in human aortic endothelial cells (HAECs). HAECs were treated with various concentrations of ox-LDL (0–200 mg/L) for 24 h with or without E64d. The results showed that E64d attenuated ox-LDL-induced increase in soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1) concentration and reduction in endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) expression, prevented ox-LDL-induced reduction in cell viability and migration ability of HAECs. E64d decreased the protein expression of cathepsin B (CTSB), Beclin 1, and microtubule-associated protein light chain 3 (LC3)-II, but not p62. LC3 puncta and autophagosome formation were also reduced by E64d in HAECs. Moreover, E64d decreased the production of MDA and increased the activity of SOD. The results showed that E64d ameliorated ox-LDL-induced endothelial dysfunction in HAECs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Chen
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Lina Ren
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Yanyan Meng
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Liye Shi
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Ling Chen
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Bo Yu
- Department of Cardiology, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, Heilongjiang Province, China
- The Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Harbin Medical University, Ministry of Education, Harbin 150086, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Qianqian Wu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Guoxian Qi
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, Liaoning Province, China
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Mocarski M, Tian Y, Smolarz BG, McAna J, Crawford A. Use of International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision Codes for Obesity: Trends in the United States from an Electronic Health Record-Derived Database. Popul Health Manag 2017; 21:222-230. [PMID: 28949834 PMCID: PMC5984561 DOI: 10.1089/pop.2017.0092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a potentially modifiable risk factor for many diseases, and a better understanding of its impact on health care utilization, costs, and medical outcomes is needed. The ability to accurately evaluate obesity outcomes depends on a correct identification of the population with obesity. The primary objective of this study was to determine the prevalence and accuracy of International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision (ICD-9) coding for overweight and obesity within a US primary care electronic health record (EHR) database compared against actual body mass index (BMI) values from recorded clinical patient data; characteristics of patients with obesity who did or did not receive ICD-9 codes for overweight/obesity also were evaluated. The study sample included 5,512,285 patients in the database with any BMI value recorded between January 1, 2014, and June 30, 2014. Based on BMI, 74.6% of patients were categorized as being overweight or obese, but only 15.1% of patients had relevant ICD-9 codes. ICD-9 coding prevalence increased with increasing BMI category. Among patients with obesity (BMI ≥30 kg/m2), those coded for obesity were younger, more often female, and had a greater comorbidity burden than those not coded; hypertension, dyslipidemia, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and gastroesophageal reflux disease were the most common comorbidities. Key findings: US outpatients with overweight or obesity are not being reliably coded, making ICD-9 codes undependable sources for determining obesity prevalence and outcomes. BMI data available within EHR databases offer a more accurate and objective means of classifying overweight/obese status.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ye Tian
- 1 Novo Nordisk, Inc. , Plainsboro, New Jersey
| | | | - John McAna
- 2 College of Population Health, Thomas Jefferson University , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Albert Crawford
- 2 College of Population Health, Thomas Jefferson University , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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Wang X, Gao M, Zhou S, Wang J, Liu F, Tian F, Jin J, Ma Q, Xue X, Liu J, Liu Y, Chen Y. Trend in young coronary artery disease in China from 2010 to 2014: a retrospective study of young patients ≤ 45. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2017; 17:18. [PMID: 28061763 PMCID: PMC5219759 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-016-0458-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2016] [Accepted: 12/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The incidence of young coronary heart disease (CHD, ≤45 years) in China is increasing. Secondary prevention to counter this trend is an important contemporary public health issure. Methods A total of 5288 patients (≤45 years) diagnosed with CHD and hospitalized at the Chinese PLA General Hospital and Anzhen Hospital, both in Beijing, were enrolled after satisfying the inclusion criteria. Results Young CHD patients increased in number from 2010 to 2014, especially men. Among the studied patients, there was no significant change over those years in blood pressure, but heart rate increased significantly (P < 0.05) and body mass index showed a rising trend (P > 0.05). The incidence of hypertension increased from 40.7 to 47.5%, diabetes from 20.3 to 26.1%, and hyperlipidemia from 27.3 to 35.7% (P < 0.05). However, the incidences of smoking and drinking both trended downward (P < 0.05). The levels of total cholesterol and triglycerides also showed a downward trend (P < 0.05), as did levels of low-density lipoprotein, but not to the point of statistical significance (P > 0.05). Mortality during hospitalization decreased significantly from 2010 to 2014 (P < 0.05), but there was no significant improvement in the incidences of cardiac death and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) after 1-year follow-up (P > 0.05). Conclusions Over the 5 years studied, the overall incidence of cardiac death and MACE for young CHD patients (≤45 years) has shown little improvement. Secondary prevention of young CHD, and its risk factors, as well as appropriate courses of medical treatment must be further elucidated. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12872-016-0458-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wang
- Department of Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shanxi Province, China.,Center For Disease Control And Prevention Of The PAP, Beijing, China
| | - Ming Gao
- Department of Cardiology, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China.,ICU of The first phase Beijing Tsinghua Changgeng Hospital, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Shanshan Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Jinwen Wang
- Department of Cardiology, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China.,AnZhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Fang Liu
- Department of Cardiology, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China.,Department of Cardiology of AnZhen Hospital, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Feng Tian
- Department of Cardiology, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Jing Jin
- Department of Cardiology, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Qiang Ma
- Department of Cardiology, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Xiaodi Xue
- Department of Cardiology, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Department of Cardiology, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Yuqi Liu
- Department of Cardiology, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China.
| | - Yundai Chen
- Department of Cardiology, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China.
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Huang Z, Chen C, Li S, Kong F, Shan P, Huang W. Combined Treatment with Amlodipine and Atorvastatin Calcium Reduces Circulating Levels of Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 and Tumor Necrosis Factor-α in Hypertensive Patients with Prediabetes. Front Aging Neurosci 2016; 8:206. [PMID: 27610083 PMCID: PMC4996984 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2016.00206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2016] [Accepted: 08/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: To assess the effect of amlodipine and atorvastatin on intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α expression, as endothelial function and inflammation indicators, respectively, in hypertensive patients with and without prediabetes. Methods: Forty-five consecutive patients with hypertension, diagnosed according to JNC7, were divided into two groups based on the presence (HD group, n = 23) or absence (H group, n = 22) of prediabetes, diagnosed according to 2010 ADA criteria, including impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and fasting glucose tests. All patients simultaneously underwent 12-week treatment with daily single-pill amlodipine besylate/atorvastatin calcium combination (5/10 mg; Hisun-Pfizer Pharmaceuticals Co. Ltd). Serum isolated before and after treatment from overnight fasting blood samples was analyzed by ELISA. Results: In the HD and H groups after vs. before 12-week amlodipine/atorvastatin treatment, there were significantly (all P < 0.01) lower levels of ICAM-1 (3.06 ± 0.34 vs. 4.07 ± 0.70 pg/ml; 3.26 ± 0.32 vs. 3.81 ± 0.60 pg/ml, respectively) and TNF-α (78.71 ± 9.19 vs. 110.94 ± 10.71 pg/ml; 80.95 ± 9.33 vs. 101.79 ± 11.72 pg/ml, respectively), with more pronounced reductions in HD vs. H group (ICAM-1Δ: 1.01 ± 0.80 vs. 0.55 ± 0.64 pg/ml, respectively, P = 0.037; TNF-αΔ: 32.23 ± 14.33 vs. 20.84 ± 14.89 pg/ml, respectively, P = 0.011), independent of the blood pressure (BP) and cholesterol level reduction. Conclusions: Amlodipine/atorvastatin improved endothelial function and inflammation, as reflected by lower circulating levels of ICAM-1 and TNF-α, more prominently in hypertensives with than without prediabetes. Starting statin treatment before overt diabetes in hypertensives might thus improve cardiovascular outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhouqing Huang
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease of Wenzhou, Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of WenZhou Medical University WenZhou, ZheJiang, China
| | - Chen Chen
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease of Wenzhou, Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of WenZhou Medical University WenZhou, ZheJiang, China
| | - Sheng Li
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease of Wenzhou, Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of WenZhou Medical University WenZhou, ZheJiang, China
| | - Fanqi Kong
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease of Wenzhou, Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of WenZhou Medical University WenZhou, ZheJiang, China
| | - Peiren Shan
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease of Wenzhou, Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of WenZhou Medical University WenZhou, ZheJiang, China
| | - Weijian Huang
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease of Wenzhou, Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of WenZhou Medical University WenZhou, ZheJiang, China
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Huang Z, Chen C, Li S, Kong F, Shan P, Huang W. Serum Markers of Endothelial Dysfunction and Inflammation Increase in Hypertension with Prediabetes Mellitus. Genet Test Mol Biomarkers 2016; 20:322-7. [PMID: 27167462 DOI: 10.1089/gtmb.2015.0255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS The aim of this study was to examine endothelial dysfunction and inflammation in hypertension and prediabetes by studying adhesion molecules and inflammatory factors. METHODS AND RESULTS This study included 133 outpatients. Participants were categorized into three groups based on the presence or absence of hypertension and prediabetes: control subjects without prediabetes and hypertension (N group, n = 39); patients with hypertension only (H group, n = 34); and patients with hypertension and prediabetes (HD group, n = 60). Hypertension was diagnosed according to JNC7 criteria. Prediabetes was defined according to 2010 American Diabetes Association criteria. Plasma was isolated from overnight fasting blood samples for enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) analysis of concentrations of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), P-selectin, and interleukin-6 (IL-6) as indicators of endothelial function and inflammation. We found that the H and HD groups showed significantly higher levels of all four biomarkers compared with the N group (all p < 0.01). The HD group also showed significantly higher levels of ICAM-1 (p = 0.042) and TNF-α (p < 0.01) compared with the H group; no significant differences in P-selectin (p = 0.59) and IL-6 (p = 0.70) levels were observed among these groups. CONCLUSIONS Prediabetes and hypertension induce endothelial dysfunction and inflammation by elevating levels of soluble adhesion molecules and inflammatory cytokines. The comorbidity of these diseases may exacerbate inflammation and endothelial dysfunction by enhancing the expression of ICAM-1 and TNF-α.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhouqing Huang
- Department of Cardiology, The Key Lab of Cardiovascular Disease of Wenzhou, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou, P.R. China
| | - Chen Chen
- Department of Cardiology, The Key Lab of Cardiovascular Disease of Wenzhou, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou, P.R. China
| | - Sheng Li
- Department of Cardiology, The Key Lab of Cardiovascular Disease of Wenzhou, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou, P.R. China
| | - Fanqi Kong
- Department of Cardiology, The Key Lab of Cardiovascular Disease of Wenzhou, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou, P.R. China
| | - Peiren Shan
- Department of Cardiology, The Key Lab of Cardiovascular Disease of Wenzhou, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou, P.R. China
| | - Weijian Huang
- Department of Cardiology, The Key Lab of Cardiovascular Disease of Wenzhou, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou, P.R. China
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Yildizhan B, Anik Ilhan G, Pekin T. The impact of insulin resistance on clinical, hormonal and metabolic parameters in lean women with polycystic ovary syndrome. J OBSTET GYNAECOL 2016; 36:893-896. [PMID: 27140180 DOI: 10.3109/01443615.2016.1168376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
This study was performed to assess insulin resistance (IR) in lean women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Retrospective analysis of 100 consecutive lean (body mass index <25 kg/m2) PCOS subjects was performed. Subjects were divided into two groups according to homeostasis model assessment IR index (HOMA-IR), as IR + and IR-. A HOMA-IR value >2.5 was used to indicate IR. A total of 100 lean PCOS subjects were enrolled in the study, of which 47% were insulin resistant. Comparison of group means showed significantly higher values for waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), diastolic blood pressure and Ferriman-Gallwey score (FGS) in IR + group. HOMA-IR values were found to be positively correlated with WHR (r = 0.500, p < 0.01), systolic blood pressure (r = 0.265, p < 0.01), diastolic blood pressure (r = 0.273, p < 0.01), estradiol levels (r = 0.218, p < 0.05), FGS (r = 0.456, p < 0.01) and total testosterone levels (r = 0.291, p < 0.01). When evaluating PCOS subjects, the insulin resistant group should be separated as unique and IR should also be evaluated in lean women with PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Begum Yildizhan
- a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Marmara University , Istanbul , Turkey
| | - Gokce Anik Ilhan
- a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Marmara University , Istanbul , Turkey
| | - Tanju Pekin
- a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Marmara University , Istanbul , Turkey
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Prevention of cardiac dysfunction, kidney fibrosis and lipid metabolic alterations in l-NAME hypertensive rats by sinapic acid--Role of HMG-CoA reductase. Eur J Pharmacol 2016; 777:113-23. [PMID: 26945821 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2016.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2015] [Revised: 02/20/2016] [Accepted: 03/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The present study was designed to evaluate the effect of sinapic acid, a bioactive phenolic acid on high blood pressure associated cardiac dysfunction, kidney fibrosis and lipid alterations in N(ω)-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester hydrochloride (l-NAME) induced hypertensive rats. Sinapic acid was administered to rats orally at a dosage of 40 mg/kg everyday for a period of 4 weeks. Sinapic acid treatment significantly decreased mean arterial pressure, left ventricular end diastolic pressure, organ weights (liver and kidney), lipid peroxidation products in tissues (liver and kidney), activities of hepatic marker enzymes and the levels of renal function markers in serum of l-NAME rats. Sinapic acid treatment also significantly increased the level of plasma nitric oxide metabolites, and enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants in tissues of l-NAME rats. Tissue damage was assessed by histopathological examination. Alterations in plasma angiotensin-converting enzyme activity, level of plasma lipoproteins and tissue lipids were corrected by sinapic acid treatment in l-NAME rats. Sinapic acid treatment significantly decreased the activity of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-Coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase in plasma and liver, whereas the activity of lecithin cholesterol acyl transferase was significantly increased in the plasma of hypertensive rats. Docking result showed the interaction between sinapic acid and HMG-CoA reductase. Sinapic acid has shown best ligand binding energy of -5.5 kcal/M. Moreover, in chick embryo model, sinapic acid improved vessel density on chorioallantoic membrane. These results of the present study concludes that sinapic acid acts as a protective agent against hypertension associated cardiac dysfunction, kidney fibrosis and lipid alterations.
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Govers E. Obesity and Insulin Resistance Are the Central Issues in Prevention of and Care for Comorbidities. Healthcare (Basel) 2015; 3:408-16. [PMID: 27417770 PMCID: PMC4939529 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare3020408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2015] [Revised: 05/01/2015] [Accepted: 05/14/2015] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
For a long time the assumption has been that, although weight reduction was necessary and desirable, comorbidities were far more important and needed treatment even if weight loss was not a treatment goal, preferably with medication. This controversy leads to postponement of treatment, and later on causes very intensive medical treatment, thus, raising the health care costs to unacceptable levels, leading to the medicalization of individuals, and a declining of the responsibility of patients for their health, leaving the question of when to regard their own weight as a problem that should be dealt with up to individuals. The central problem is insulin resistance, which leads to a cascade of health problems. This condition should be diagnosed in primary practice and obesity clinics to ensure a better, tailor-made treatment for patients. Treatment should start at the earliest stage possible, when comorbidities are still reversible and includes a personalized dietary advice and counseling, preferably by a dietitian, to tackle insulin resistance. An exercise program is part of the treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth Govers
- Amstelring Foundation for Primary Care, The Dutch Dietitians Knowledge Centre for Overweight and Obesity (KDOO), Amsterdam 1065AC, The Netherlands.
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36
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Kim HN, Kim SH, Eun YM, Song SW. Obesity with metabolic abnormality is associated with the presence of carotid atherosclerosis in Korean men: a cross-sectional study. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2015; 7:68. [PMID: 26288662 PMCID: PMC4539682 DOI: 10.1186/s13098-015-0063-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2015] [Accepted: 08/10/2015] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease, but metabolic disturbances can also lead to the development of this disease. Therefore, we investigated the associations between obesity subtype, considering both body weight and metabolic disturbances, and carotid atherosclerosis as a predictor of cardiovascular disease in Korean men. METHODS Data from a total of 980 men were analysed in this study. Obesity subtypes were classified as normal weight without metabolic syndrome (metabolically healthy normal weight; MHNW), obesity without metabolic syndrome (metabolically healthy, but obese; MHO), normal weight with metabolic syndrome (metabolically abnormal, but normal weight; MANW) and obesity with metabolic syndrome (metabolically abnormal obese; MAO). Carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) and carotid plaque were assessed using a high-resolution B-mode ultrasound system. Carotid atherosclerosis was defined as a mean CIMT value >0.9 mm or the presence of carotid plaque. RESULTS Mean CIMT in the MAO subtype was significantly higher than that in the MHNW control group (0.790 ± 0.019 vs. 0.747 ± 0.013 mm; p < 0.001). The presence of carotid plaque was positively associated with MAO subtype [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 1.49, 95 % confidence interval (CI) 1.02-2.16; p = 0.039], but not with MHO or MANW, compared to the MHNW control group. The MAO subtype showed a positive association with the presence of carotid atherosclerosis (aOR 1.68, 95 % CI 1.17-2.42; p = 0.006). CONCLUSIONS Only the MAO subtype showed a higher CIMT value and positive associations with carotid plaque and carotid atherosclerosis, but not with MHO and MANW subtypes, compared to the MHNW control. Additional prospective studies are needed to evaluate preclinical carotid atherosclerosis according to the subtypes of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ha-Na Kim
- Department of Family Medicine, College of Medicine, St. Vincent’s Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Se-Hong Kim
- Department of Family Medicine, College of Medicine, St. Vincent’s Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Mi Eun
- Department of Family Medicine, College of Medicine, St. Vincent’s Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Wook Song
- Department of Family Medicine, College of Medicine, St. Vincent’s Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Diabetes and Heart Disease. Coron Artery Dis 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4471-2828-1_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Ishida T, Naoe S, Nakakuki M, Kawano H, Imada K. Eicosapentaenoic Acid Prevents Saturated Fatty Acid-Induced Vascular Endothelial Dysfunction: Involvement of Long-Chain Acyl-CoA Synthetase. J Atheroscler Thromb 2015; 22:1172-85. [DOI: 10.5551/jat.28167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Takayuki Ishida
- Development Research, Pharmaceutical Research Center, Mochida Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.,
| | - Satoko Naoe
- Development Research, Pharmaceutical Research Center, Mochida Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.,
| | - Masanori Nakakuki
- Development Research, Pharmaceutical Research Center, Mochida Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.,
| | - Hiroyuki Kawano
- Development Research, Pharmaceutical Research Center, Mochida Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.,
| | - Kazunori Imada
- Development Research, Pharmaceutical Research Center, Mochida Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.,
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Wei Q, Sun J, Huang J, Zhou HY, Ding YM, Tao YC, He SM, Liu YL, Niu JQ. Prevalence of hypertension and associated risk factors in Dehui City of Jilin Province in China. J Hum Hypertens 2014; 29:64-8. [DOI: 10.1038/jhh.2014.32] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2013] [Revised: 03/06/2014] [Accepted: 03/14/2014] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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Rajeshwari T, Raja B, Manivannan J, Silambarasan T, Dhanalakshmi T. Valproic acid prevents the deregulation of lipid metabolism and renal renin-angiotensin system in L-NAME induced nitric oxide deficient hypertensive rats. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2014; 37:936-945. [PMID: 24705342 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2014.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2013] [Revised: 02/08/2014] [Accepted: 02/10/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The present study was aimed to investigate the antihyperlipidemic and renoprotective potential of valproic acid against N(ω)-nitro-L arginine methyl ester hydrochloride (L-NAME) induced hypertension in male albino Wistar rats. In hypertensive rats, mean arterial pressure (MAP), kidney weight, levels of oxidative stress markers in tissues were increased. Dyslipidemia was also observed in hypertensive rats. Moreover, enzymatic and nonenzymatic antioxidant network also deregulated in tissues. Valproic acid (VPA) supplementation daily for four weeks brought back all the above parameters to near normal level and showed no toxicity which was established using serum hepatic marker enzyme activities and renal function markers. Moreover the up regulated expression of renin-angiotensin system (RAS) components were also attenuated by VPA treatment. All the above outcomes were confirmed by the histopathological examination. These results suggest that VPA has enough potential to attenuate hypertension, dyslipidemia and renal damage in nitric oxide deficiency induced hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thiyagarajan Rajeshwari
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar 608 002, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Boobalan Raja
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar 608 002, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Jeganathan Manivannan
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar 608 002, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Thangarasu Silambarasan
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar 608 002, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Thanikkodi Dhanalakshmi
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar 608 002, Tamil Nadu, India
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Cardiometabolic Changes in Treated Versus Never Treated HIV-Infected Black South Africans: The PURE Study. Heart Lung Circ 2014; 23:119-26. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2013.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2013] [Revised: 07/17/2013] [Accepted: 07/22/2013] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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Hatia S, Septembre-Malaterre A, Le Sage F, Badiou-Bénéteau A, Baret P, Payet B, Lefebvre d’hellencourt C, Gonthier MP. Evaluation of antioxidant properties of major dietary polyphenols and their protective effect on 3T3-L1 preadipocytes and red blood cells exposed to oxidative stress. Free Radic Res 2014; 48:387-401. [DOI: 10.3109/10715762.2013.879985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Huang WY, Davidge ST, Wu J. Bioactive natural constituents from food sources-potential use in hypertension prevention and treatment. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2013; 53:615-30. [PMID: 23627503 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2010.550071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Prevention and management of hypertension are the major public health challenges worldwide. Uncontrolled high blood pressure may lead to a shortened life expectancy and a higher morbidity due to a high risk of cardiovascular complications such as coronary heart disease (which leads to heart attack) and stroke, congestive heart failure, heart rhythm irregularities, and kidney failure etc. In recent years, it has been recognized that many dietary constituents may contribute to human cardiovascular health. There has been an increased focus on identifying these natural components of foods, describing their physiological activities and mechanisms of actions. Grain, vegetables, fruits, milk, cheese, meat, chicken, egg, fish, soybean, tea, wine, mushrooms, and lactic acid bacteria are various food sources with potential antihypertensive effects. Their main bioactive constituents include angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory peptides, vitamins C and E, flavonoids, flavanols, cathecins, anthocyanins, phenolic acids, polyphenols, tannins, resveratrol, polysaccharides, fiber, saponin, sterols, as well as K, Ca, and P. They may reduce blood pressure by different mechanisms, such as ACE inhibition effect, antioxidant, vasodilatory, opiate-like, Ca(2+) channel blocking, and chymase inhibitory activities. These functional foods may provide new therapeutic applications for hypertension prevention and treatment, and contribute to a healthy cardiovascular population. The present review summarizes the antihypertensive food sources and their bioactive constituents, as well as physiological mechanisms of dietary products, especially focusing on ACE inhibitory activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wu-Yang Huang
- Department of Functional Food and Bioactive compounds, Institute of Agro-food Science and Technology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, PR China
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Chen F, Xiong H, Wang J, Ding X, Shu G, Mei Z. Antidiabetic effect of total flavonoids from Sanguis draxonis in type 2 diabetic rats. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2013; 149:729-736. [PMID: 23933499 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2013.07.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2013] [Revised: 07/08/2013] [Accepted: 07/24/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Sanguis draxonis (SD) is a kind of red resin obtained from the wood of Dracaena cochinchinensis (Lour.) S. C. Chen (Dracaena cochinchinensis). It is a Chinese traditional herb that is prescribed for the handling of diabetic disorders, which is also supported by an array of scientific studies published in recent years. Although chemical constituents of this plant material have also been previously evaluated (Tang et al., 1995; Wei et al., 1998), it still remains poorly understood which constituent is the major contributor to its antidiabetic activities. Moreover, very little is known about the molecular mechanisms underlying antidiabetic activities of SD. Flavonoids exist at a high level in SD. The aim of this study is to evaluate the antidiabetic effects of total flavonoids from SD (SDF) in type 2 Diabetes mellitus (T2DM) rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS T2DM rats were induced by 4 weeks high-fat diet and a singular injection of streptozotocin (STZ) (35mg/kg). Then T2DM rats were treated with SDF for 21 days, using normal saline as the negative control. For comparison, a standard antidiabetic drug, metformin (200mg/kg), was used as a positive control. Three weeks later, relative biochemical indexes were determined and histopathological examinations were performed to assess the antidiabetic activities of SDF. RESULTS SDF not only exhibited a significant hypoglycemic activity, but also alleviated dyslipidemia, tissue steatosis, and oxidative stress associated with T2DM. Moreover, considerable pancreatic islet protecting effects could be observed after SDF treatment. Further investigations revealed a potential anti-inflammation activity of SDF by determining serum levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and C-reactive protein (CRP). CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates both hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effects of SDF in T2DM rats, suggesting that flavonoids are the major active ingredients accounting for the antidiabetic activity of SD. Alleviating chronic inflammation responses and protecting pancreatic islets are possible mechanisms involved in the antidiabetic activity of SDF.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Blood Glucose/analysis
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/drug therapy
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/metabolism
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/pathology
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/drug therapy
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/metabolism
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/pathology
- Dracaena/chemistry
- Drugs, Chinese Herbal/chemistry
- Drugs, Chinese Herbal/isolation & purification
- Drugs, Chinese Herbal/therapeutic use
- Flavonoids/isolation & purification
- Flavonoids/therapeutic use
- Glucose Tolerance Test
- Hypoglycemic Agents/isolation & purification
- Hypoglycemic Agents/therapeutic use
- Insulin/blood
- Lipids/blood
- Liver/drug effects
- Liver/pathology
- Male
- Pancreas/drug effects
- Pancreas/pathology
- Rats
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
- Resins, Plant/chemistry
- Resins, Plant/isolation & purification
- Streptozocin/pharmacology
- Wood/chemistry
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Affiliation(s)
- Fufeng Chen
- College of Pharmacy, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan 430074, PR China
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Nikolic D, Katsiki N, Montalto G, Isenovic ER, Mikhailidis DP, Rizzo M. Lipoprotein subfractions in metabolic syndrome and obesity: clinical significance and therapeutic approaches. Nutrients 2013; 5:928-48. [PMID: 23507795 PMCID: PMC3705327 DOI: 10.3390/nu5030928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2013] [Revised: 03/06/2013] [Accepted: 03/06/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Small, dense low density lipoprotein (sdLDL) represents an emerging cardiovascular risk factor, since these particles can be associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) independently of established risk factors, including plasma lipids. Obese subjects frequently have atherogenic dyslipidaemia, including elevated sdLDL levels, in addition to elevated triglycerides (TG), very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) and apolipoprotein-B, as well as decreased high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels. Obesity-related co-morbidities, such as metabolic syndrome (MetS) are also characterized by dyslipidaemia. Therefore, agents that favourably modulate LDL subclasses may be of clinical value in these subjects. Statins are the lipid-lowering drug of choice. Also, anti-obesity and lipid lowering drugs other than statins could be useful in these patients. However, the effects of anti-obesity drugs on CVD risk factors remain unclear. We review the clinical significance of sdLDL in being overweight and obesity, as well as the efficacy of anti-obesity drugs on LDL subfractions in these individuals; a short comment on HDL subclasses is also included. Our literature search was based on PubMed and Scopus listings. Further research is required to fully explore both the significance of sdLDL and the efficacy of anti-obesity drugs on LDL subfractions in being overweight, obesity and MetS. Improving the lipoprotein profile in these patients may represent an efficient approach for reducing cardiovascular risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dragana Nikolic
- Biomedical Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Palermo, Palermo, 90127, Italy; E-Mails: (D.N.); (G.M.)
| | - Niki Katsiki
- Second Propedeutic Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Hippokration Hospital, Thessaloniki, 54124, Greece; E-Mail:
| | - Giuseppe Montalto
- Biomedical Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Palermo, Palermo, 90127, Italy; E-Mails: (D.N.); (G.M.)
| | - Esma R. Isenovic
- Laboratory of Radiobiology and Molecular Genetics, Institute Vinca, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, 11000, Serbia; E-Mail:
| | - Dimitri P. Mikhailidis
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry (Vascular Disease Prevention Clinics), Royal Free Campus, University College London Medical School, University College London (UCL), Pond Street, London, NW3 2QG, UK; E-Mail:
| | - Manfredi Rizzo
- Biomedical Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Palermo, Palermo, 90127, Italy; E-Mails: (D.N.); (G.M.)
- Euro-Mediterranean Institute of Science and Technology, Palermo, 90139, Italy
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: ; Tel./Fax: +39-091-655-2945
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Lipoprotein subfractions in metabolic syndrome and obesity: clinical significance and therapeutic approaches. Nutrients 2013. [PMID: 23507795 DOI: 10.3390/nu5030928.] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Small, dense low density lipoprotein (sdLDL) represents an emerging cardiovascular risk factor, since these particles can be associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) independently of established risk factors, including plasma lipids. Obese subjects frequently have atherogenic dyslipidaemia, including elevated sdLDL levels, in addition to elevated triglycerides (TG), very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) and apolipoprotein-B, as well as decreased high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels. Obesity-related co-morbidities, such as metabolic syndrome (MetS) are also characterized by dyslipidaemia. Therefore, agents that favourably modulate LDL subclasses may be of clinical value in these subjects. Statins are the lipid-lowering drug of choice. Also, anti-obesity and lipid lowering drugs other than statins could be useful in these patients. However, the effects of anti-obesity drugs on CVD risk factors remain unclear. We review the clinical significance of sdLDL in being overweight and obesity, as well as the efficacy of anti-obesity drugs on LDL subfractions in these individuals; a short comment on HDL subclasses is also included. Our literature search was based on PubMed and Scopus listings. Further research is required to fully explore both the significance of sdLDL and the efficacy of anti-obesity drugs on LDL subfractions in being overweight, obesity and MetS. Improving the lipoprotein profile in these patients may represent an efficient approach for reducing cardiovascular risk.
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Samuelsson AM, Matthews PA, Jansen E, Taylor PD, Poston L. Sucrose feeding in mouse pregnancy leads to hypertension, and sex-linked obesity and insulin resistance in female offspring. Front Physiol 2013; 4:14. [PMID: 23423541 PMCID: PMC3575022 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2013.00014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2012] [Accepted: 01/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Eating an unbalanced diet during pregnancy may induce long-term health consequences in offspring, in particular obesity, insulin resistance, and hypertension. We tested the hypothesis that a maternal diet rich in simple sugars predispose mouse offspring to obesity, glucose intolerance, and cardiovascular diseases in adulthood. Female C57BL/6J mice were fed either a standard chow or a sucrose-rich diet (26% of total energy) 6 weeks prior to mating, throughout pregnancy and lactation. Offspring of control dams (OC) and high sucrose fed dams (OSF) were weaned onto standard control chow, and metabolic and cardiovascular parameters determined at 3 months of age. Both male and female OSF were hyperphagic by 4 weeks of age and females were heavier than OC at 6 weeks. At 3 months, female OSF showed a significant increase in inguinal fat pad mass, whereas skeletal muscle mass (tibialis anterior) and locomotor activity were decreased relative to OC. A 10-fold increase in fasting serum insulin in female OSF vs. OC at 3 months (Insulin [pmol/L] mean ± SEM, OSF, 200.3 ± 16.1, vs. OC, 20.3 ± 1.8, n = 6 P < 0.001), was associated with impaired glucose tolerance (AUC [mmol/L min] mean ± SEM, OSF 1437.4 ± 124.2 vs. OC, 1076.8 ± 83.9, n = 6, P < 0.05). Both male and female OSF were hypertensive as assessed by radiotelemetry (night-time systolic arterial pressure (SAP) [mmHg] mean ± SEM, male OSF, 128 ± 1 vs. OC, 109 ± 1, n = 6, P < 0.01; female OSF, 130 ± 1 vs. OC, 118 ± 1, n = 6, P < 0.05). Analysis of heart rate variability (HRV) demonstrated an increased low:high frequency ratio in male and female OSF (P < 0.05), indicative of heightened sympathetic efferent tone. Renal tissue noradrenaline (NA) content was markedly raised in the OSF vs. OC (NA [pg/ml/mg tissue] mean ± SEM, male OSF, 2.28 ± 0.19 vs. OC 0.84 ± 0.09, n = 6, P < 0.01). Exposure to a maternal diet rich in sucrose led to obesity and glucose intolerance in female mice offspring, and hypertension in both sexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Maj Samuelsson
- Division of Women's Health, Women's Health Academic Center, King's College London and King's Health PartnersLondon, UK
| | - Phillippa A. Matthews
- Division of Women's Health, Women's Health Academic Center, King's College London and King's Health PartnersLondon, UK
| | - Eugene Jansen
- Laboratory for Health Protection Research, National Institute for Public Health and the EnvironmentBilthoven, Netherlands
| | - Paul D. Taylor
- Division of Women's Health, Women's Health Academic Center, King's College London and King's Health PartnersLondon, UK
| | - Lucilla Poston
- Division of Women's Health, Women's Health Academic Center, King's College London and King's Health PartnersLondon, UK
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Eicosapentaenoic acid suppresses palmitate-induced cytokine production by modulating long-chain acyl-CoA synthetase 1 expression in human THP-1 macrophages. Atherosclerosis 2013; 227:289-96. [PMID: 23433401 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2012.12.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2012] [Revised: 12/19/2012] [Accepted: 12/29/2012] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic inflammation caused by macrophages may be associated with progression of arteriosclerosis or obesity, both risk factors for cardiovascular events. In the Japan EPA Lipid Intervention Study (JELIS), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), an n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid, was found to reduce the incidence of cardiovascular events. METHODS The effect of EPA on the expression of inflammatory factors induced by palmitate, a saturated fatty acid, was investigated using human THP-1 macrophages. RESULTS Palmitate induced expression of inflammatory cytokines and activated NF-κB, similar to lipopolysaccharide (LPS). EPA strongly suppressed palmitate-induced up-regulation of inflammatory factors while slightly suppressing LPS-induced factors. Both palmitate and LPS up-regulated expression of long-chain acyl-CoA synthetase (ACSL) 1, while EPA preferentially suppressed palmitate-induced ACSL1 expression. Although an acyl-CoA synthetase inhibitor and ACSL1 siRNA both suppressed palmitate-induced tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α expression, the former had no effect on LPS-induced TNF-α expression. Palmitate may therefore stimulate cytokine production through a different mechanism than LPS mediated through Toll-like receptor 4, at least partly, and ACSL1 may play an important role in this mechanism. Finally, palmitate induced expression of sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1a and ACSL1, while EPA suppressed the expression of these genes. CONCLUSION The suppressive effects of EPA on palmitate-induced cytokine production may be mediated by the suppression of ACSL1 expression, at least partly. This anti-inflammatory effect of EPA may contribute to suppression of chronic inflammation caused by macrophages in atherosclerotic plaques.
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Gaudreault V, Després JP, Rhéaume C, Alméras N, Bergeron J, Tremblay A, Poirier P. Exercise-Induced Hypertension in Men with Metabolic Syndrome: Anthropometric, Metabolic, and Hemodynamic Features. Metab Syndr Relat Disord 2013. [DOI: 10.1089/met.2012.0071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Valérie Gaudreault
- Centre de recherche de l'Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec, Université Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - Jean-Pierre Després
- Centre de recherche de l'Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec, Université Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - Caroline Rhéaume
- Centre de recherche de l'Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec, Université Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - Natalie Alméras
- Centre de recherche de l'Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec, Université Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - Jean Bergeron
- Centre de recherche du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec, pavillon CHUL, Québec, Canada
| | - Angelo Tremblay
- Centre de recherche de l'Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec, Université Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - Paul Poirier
- Centre de recherche de l'Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec, Université Laval, Québec, Canada
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Prahalathan P, Saravanakumar M, Raja B. The flavonoid morin restores blood pressure and lipid metabolism in DOCA-salt hypertensive rats. Redox Rep 2012; 17:167-75. [PMID: 22781105 DOI: 10.1179/1351000212y.0000000015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study was undertaken to investigate the antihypertensive and antihyperlipedimic potential of morin against deoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCA)-salt hypertensive rats. METHODS Hypertension was induced in uninephrectomized rats (UNX) by weekly twice subcutaneous injection of DOCA (25 mg/kg) and 1% NaCl in the drinking water for six consecutive weeks. Morin (50 mg/kg) was administered to DOCA-salt rats orally using an intragastric tube daily for a period of 6 weeks. RESULTS The DOCA-salt hypertensive rats showed significant elevation in mean arterial pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR) and reduction in body weight. A significant increase in the concentrations of plasma and tissue (liver, kidney, heart, and aorta) lipids such as total cholesterol, triglycerides, free fatty acids, phospholipids, plasma low-density and very low-density lipoproteins cholesterol, and a decrease in the concentration of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol were noticed in DOCA-salt hypertensive rats. Also, the levels of urinary protein and the activity of 3-hydroxy 3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase in the plasma and tissues were increased, and lecithin cholesterol acyl transferase activity in the plasma was decreased in DOCA-salt rats. Morin supplementation (50 mg/kg) throughout the experimental period restored all the above parameters significantly. CONCLUSION Morin has a potential role in attenuating severe hypertension and hyperlipedimia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pichavaram Prahalathan
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar, Tamil Nadu, India
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