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TRPC5 mediates endothelium-dependent contraction in the carotid artery of diet-induced obese mice. Hypertens Res 2022; 45:1945-1953. [PMID: 36123395 DOI: 10.1038/s41440-022-01017-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Little is known about the contribution of the transient receptor potential canonical channel isoform 5 (TRPC5), a Ca2+-sensitive channel, to vasoconstriction in obesity. In this study, we found that the TRPC5 expression and carotid artery contraction of diet-induced obese (DIO) mice were significantly higher than those of wild-type mice. Endothelium-dependent vasocontraction was inhibited by the TRPC5 inhibitor clemizole and the knockout of TRPC5 in DIO mouse carotid arteries, while activation of TRPC5 enhanced contraction in wild-type mice. TRPC5-regulated vasocontraction can be inhibited by the ROS scavenger NAC and the COX-2 inhibitor NS-398. Our study suggested that upregulation of TRPC5 contributes to endothelium-dependent contraction, which is involved in ROS production and COX-2 expression in DIO mouse carotid arteries. From these results, we speculated that TRPC5 mediated endothelium-dependent contraction in the carotid artery of DIO mice, which was achieved by increasing the levels of ROS and COX-2 expression.
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2
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Wee CL, Mokhtar SS, Banga Singh KK, Rasool AHG. Vitamin D deficiency attenuates endothelial function by reducing antioxidant activity and vascular eNOS expression in the rat microcirculation. Microvasc Res 2021; 138:104227. [PMID: 34324883 DOI: 10.1016/j.mvr.2021.104227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This study examined the effects of vitamin D deficiency on vascular function and tissue oxidative status in the microcirculation; and whether or not these effects can be ameliorated with calcitriol, the active vitamin D metabolite. Three groups (n = 10 each) of male Sprague Dawley rats were fed for 10 weeks with control diet (CR), vitamin D-deficient diet without (DR), or with oral calcitriol supplementation (0.15 μg/kg) for the last four weeks (DSR). After 10 weeks, rats were sacrificed; mesenteric arterial rings were studied using wire myograph. Oxidative stress biomarkers malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity were measured in the mesenteric arterial tissue. Vascular protein expression of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) was determined by Western blotting. Acetylcholine-induced endothelium-dependent relaxation of DR was lower than CR. eNOS expression and SOD activity were lower in mesenteric arterial tissue of DR compared to CR. Calcitriol supplementation to DSR did not ameliorate the above parameters; in fact, augmented endothelium-dependent contraction was observed. Serum calcium was higher in DSR compared to CR and DR. In conclusion, vitamin D deficiency impaired microvascular vasodilation, associated with eNOS downregulation and reduced antioxidant activity. Calcitriol supplementation to vitamin D-deficient rats at the dosage used augmented endothelium-dependent contraction, possibly due to hypercalcaemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chee Lee Wee
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia (Health Campus), 16150 Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Siti Safiah Mokhtar
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia (Health Campus), 16150 Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Kirnpal Kaur Banga Singh
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia (Health Campus), 16150 Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Aida Hanum Ghulam Rasool
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia (Health Campus), 16150 Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia.
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Delgado NTB, Rouver WDN, Freitas-Lima LC, Vieira-Alves I, Lemos VS, Dos Santos RL. Sex Differences in the Vasodilation Mediated by G Protein-Coupled Estrogen Receptor (GPER) in Hypertensive Rats. Front Physiol 2021; 12:659291. [PMID: 34393807 PMCID: PMC8359777 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.659291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The protective effect of estrogen on the vasculature cannot be explained only by its action through the receptors ERα and ERβ. G protein-coupled estrogen receptors (GPER)-which are widely distributed throughout the cardiovascular system-may also be involved in this response. However, little is known about GPER actions in hypertension. Therefore, in this study we evaluated the vascular response mediated by GPER using a specific agonist, G-1, in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). We hypothesized that G-1 would induce a relaxing response in resistance mesenteric arteries from SHR of both sexes. Methods G-1 concentration-response curves (1 nM-10 μM) were performed in mesenteric arteries from SHR of both sexes (10-12-weeks-old, weighing 180-250 g). The effects of G-1 were evaluated before and after endothelial removal and incubation for 30 min with the inhibitors L-NAME (300 μM) and indomethacin (10 μM) alone or combined with clotrimazole (0.75 μM) or catalase (1,000 units/mL). GPER immunolocalization was also investigated, and vascular hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and ROS were evaluated using dichlorofluorescein (DCF) and dihydroethidium (DHE) staining, respectively. Results GPER activation promoted a similar relaxing response in resistance mesenteric arteries of female and male hypertensive rats, but with the participation of different endothelial mediators. Males appear to be more dependent on the NO pathway, followed by the H2O2 pathway, and females on the endothelium and H2O2 pathway. Conclusion These findings show that the GPER agonist G-1 can induce a relaxing response in mesenteric arteries from hypertensive rats of both sexes in a similar way, albeit with differential participation of endothelial mediators. These results contribute to the understanding of GPER activation on resistance mesenteric arteries in essential hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Wender do Nascimento Rouver
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Vitoria, Brazil
| | | | - Ildernandes Vieira-Alves
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Virgínia Soares Lemos
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Roger Lyrio Dos Santos
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Vitoria, Brazil
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4
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Intrinsic exercise capacity induces divergent vascular plasticity via arachidonic acid-mediated inflammatory pathways in female rats. Vascul Pharmacol 2021; 140:106862. [PMID: 33872803 DOI: 10.1016/j.vph.2021.106862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Revised: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome prevalence has increased among US adults, particularly among non-hispanic white and black women. Sedentary behavior often leads to chronic inflammation, a triggering factor of metabolic syndrome. Given that intrinsic exercise capacity is genetically inherited, we questioned if low-grade chronic inflammation would be present in a female rat model of low intrinsic exercise capacity-induced metabolic syndrome, while beneficial increase of resolution of inflammation would be present in a female rat model of high intrinsic exercise capacity. In the vascular system, two primary markers for inflammation and resolution of inflammation are cyclooxygenase (COX) and lipoxygenase (LOX), respectively. Our study focused on the novel hypothesis that untrained, inherited exercise capacity induces divergent vascular plasticity via changes in the delicate balance between COX and LOX inflammatory mediators. We used divergent rat strains with low (LCR) and high (HCR) aerobic running capacity. By using animals with contrasting intrinsic exercise capacities, it is possible to determine the exact triggers that lead to inherited vascular plasticity in female rats. We observed that female LCR displayed increased periovarian fat pad and body weight, which is congruent with their obesity-presenting phenotype. Furthermore, LCR presented with vascular hypocontractility and increased COX and LOX-derived pro-inflammatory factors. On the other hand, HCR presented with a "shutdown" of COX-induced vasoconstriction and enhanced resolution of inflammation to maintain vascular tone and homeostasis. In conclusion, LCR display low-grade chronic inflammation via increased COX activity. These results provide mechanistic clues as to why lower intrinsic aerobic capacity correlates with a predisposition to risk of vascular disease. Conversely, being born with higher intrinsic aerobic capacity is a significant factor for improved vascular physiology in female rats.
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Wee CL, Mokhtar SS, Singh KKB, Yahaya S, Leung SWS, Rasool AHG. Calcitriol Supplementation Ameliorates Microvascular Endothelial Dysfunction in Vitamin D-Deficient Diabetic Rats by Upregulating the Vascular eNOS Protein Expression and Reducing Oxidative Stress. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:3109294. [PMID: 33623633 PMCID: PMC7875614 DOI: 10.1155/2021/3109294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus contributes to macro- and microvascular complications, leading to adverse cardiovascular events. This study examined the effects of vitamin D deficiency on the vascular function and tissue oxidative status in the microcirculation of diabetic rats and to determine whether these effects can be reversed with calcitriol (active vitamin D metabolite) supplementation. Streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats were fed for 10 weeks with control diet (DC) or vitamin D-deficient diet without (DD) or with oral calcitriol supplementation (0.15 μg/kg) in the last four weeks (DDS) (10 rats each group). A nondiabetic rat group that received control diet was also included (NR). After 10 weeks, rats were sacrificed; mesenteric arterial rings with and without endothelium were studied using wire myograph. Western blotting of the mesenteric arterial tissue was performed to determine the protein expression of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) enzyme. Antioxidant enzyme superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and oxidative stress marker malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in the mesenteric arterial tissue were also measured. The DC group had significantly lower acetylcholine-induced relaxation and augmented endothelium-dependent contraction, with reduced eNOS expression, compared to NR rats. In mesenteric arteries of DD, acetylcholine-induced endothelium-dependent and sodium nitroprusside-induced endothelium-independent relaxations were lower than those in DC. Calcitriol supplementation in DDS restored endothelium-dependent relaxation. Mesenteric artery endothelium-dependent contraction of DD was greater than DC; it was not affected by calcitriol supplementation. The eNOS protein expression and SOD activity were significantly lower while MDA levels were greater in DD compared to DC; these effects were not observed in DDS that received calcitriol supplementation. In conclusion, vitamin D deficiency causes eNOS downregulation and oxidative stress, thereby impairing the vascular function and posing an additional risk for microvascular complications in diabetes. Calcitriol supplementation to diabetics with vitamin D deficiency could potentially be useful in the management of or as an adjunct to diabetes-related cardiovascular complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chee Lee Wee
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150 Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Siti Safiah Mokhtar
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150 Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Kirnpal Kaur Banga Singh
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150 Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Sahran Yahaya
- Department of Orthopaedics, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150 Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Susan Wai Sum Leung
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Aida Hanum Ghulam Rasool
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150 Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia
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Li Z, Luo W, Fang S, Chen X, Lin T, Zhou S, Zhang L, Yang W, Li Z, Ye J, Wang J, Liu P, Li Z. Prostacyclin facilitates vascular smooth muscle cell phenotypic transformation via activating TP receptors when IP receptors are deficient. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2021; 231:e13555. [PMID: 32886850 DOI: 10.1111/apha.13555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Revised: 08/01/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
AIM By activating prostacyclin receptors (IP receptors), prostacyclin (PGI2 ) exerts cardiovascular protective effects such as vasodilation and inhibition of vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) proliferation. However, IP receptors are dysfunctional under pathological conditions, and PGI2 produces detrimental effects that are opposite to its physiological protective effects via thromboxane-prostanoid (TP) receptors. This attempted to investigate whether or not IP receptor dysfunction facilitates the shift of PGI2 action. METHODS The effects of PGI2 and its stable analog iloprost on VSMC phenotypic transformation and proliferation were examined in A10 cells silencing IP receptors, in human aortic VSMCs (HAVSMCs) knocked down IP receptor by CRISPR-Cas9, or in HAVSMCs transfected with a dysfunctional mutation of IP receptor IPR212C . RESULTS PGI2 /iloprost treatment stimulated cell proliferation, upregulated synthetic proteins and downregulated contractile proteins, suggesting that PGI2 /iloprost promotes VSMC phenotypic transformation in IP-deficient cells. The effect of PGI2 /iloprost was prevented by TP antagonist S18886 or TP knockdown, indicating that the VSMC detrimental effect of PGI2 is dependent on TP receptor. RNA sequencing and Western blotting results showed that RhoA/ROCKs, MEK1/2 and JNK signalling cascades were involved. Moreover, IP deficiency increased the distribution of TP receptors at the cell membrane. CONCLUSION PGI2 induces VSMC phenotypic transformation when IP receptors are impaired. This is attributed to the activation of TP receptor and its downstream signaling cascades, and to the increased membrane distribution of TP receptors. The VSMC detrimental effect of PGI2 medicated by IP dysfunction and TP activation might probably exacerbate vascular remodelling, accelerating cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziqing Li
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology School of Pharmaceutical Sciences National and Local United Engineering Lab of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, Guangdong Engineering Laboratory of Druggability and New Drug Evaluation Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation Sun Yat‐sen University Guangdong PR China
| | - Wenwei Luo
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology School of Pharmaceutical Sciences National and Local United Engineering Lab of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, Guangdong Engineering Laboratory of Druggability and New Drug Evaluation Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation Sun Yat‐sen University Guangdong PR China
| | - Shi Fang
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology School of Pharmaceutical Sciences National and Local United Engineering Lab of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, Guangdong Engineering Laboratory of Druggability and New Drug Evaluation Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation Sun Yat‐sen University Guangdong PR China
| | - Xinyi Chen
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology School of Pharmaceutical Sciences National and Local United Engineering Lab of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, Guangdong Engineering Laboratory of Druggability and New Drug Evaluation Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation Sun Yat‐sen University Guangdong PR China
| | - Tong Lin
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology School of Pharmaceutical Sciences National and Local United Engineering Lab of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, Guangdong Engineering Laboratory of Druggability and New Drug Evaluation Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation Sun Yat‐sen University Guangdong PR China
| | - Sihang Zhou
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology School of Pharmaceutical Sciences National and Local United Engineering Lab of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, Guangdong Engineering Laboratory of Druggability and New Drug Evaluation Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation Sun Yat‐sen University Guangdong PR China
| | - Lili Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology School of Pharmaceutical Sciences National and Local United Engineering Lab of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, Guangdong Engineering Laboratory of Druggability and New Drug Evaluation Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation Sun Yat‐sen University Guangdong PR China
| | - Wanqi Yang
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology School of Pharmaceutical Sciences National and Local United Engineering Lab of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, Guangdong Engineering Laboratory of Druggability and New Drug Evaluation Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation Sun Yat‐sen University Guangdong PR China
| | - Zhenzhen Li
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology School of Pharmaceutical Sciences National and Local United Engineering Lab of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, Guangdong Engineering Laboratory of Druggability and New Drug Evaluation Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation Sun Yat‐sen University Guangdong PR China
| | - Jiantao Ye
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology School of Pharmaceutical Sciences National and Local United Engineering Lab of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, Guangdong Engineering Laboratory of Druggability and New Drug Evaluation Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation Sun Yat‐sen University Guangdong PR China
| | - Junjian Wang
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology School of Pharmaceutical Sciences National and Local United Engineering Lab of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, Guangdong Engineering Laboratory of Druggability and New Drug Evaluation Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation Sun Yat‐sen University Guangdong PR China
| | - Peiqing Liu
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology School of Pharmaceutical Sciences National and Local United Engineering Lab of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, Guangdong Engineering Laboratory of Druggability and New Drug Evaluation Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation Sun Yat‐sen University Guangdong PR China
| | - Zhuoming Li
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology School of Pharmaceutical Sciences National and Local United Engineering Lab of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, Guangdong Engineering Laboratory of Druggability and New Drug Evaluation Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation Sun Yat‐sen University Guangdong PR China
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Edwards JM, McCarthy CG, Wenceslau CF. The Obligatory Role of the Acetylcholine-Induced Endothelium-Dependent Contraction in Hypertension: Can Arachidonic Acid Resolve this Inflammation? Curr Pharm Des 2021; 26:3723-3732. [PMID: 32303165 DOI: 10.2174/1381612826666200417150121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The endothelium produces many substances that can regulate vascular tone. Acetylcholine is a widely used pharmacological tool to assess endothelial function. In general, acetylcholine binds to G-protein coupled muscarinic receptors that mediate a transient elevation in intracellular, free calcium. This intracellular rise in calcium is responsible for triggering several cellular responses, including the synthesis of nitric oxide, endothelium- derived hyperpolarizing factor, and eicosanoids derived from arachidonic acid. Endothelial arachidonic acid metabolism is also an important signaling pathway for mediating inflammation. Therefore, in conditions with sustained and excessive inflammation such as hypertension, arachidonic acid serves as a substrate for the synthesis of several vasoconstrictive metabolites, predominantly via the cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase enzymes. Cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase products can then activate G-protein coupled receptors expressed on vascular smooth muscle cells to causes contractile responses. As a result, acetylcholine-induced contraction due to arachidonic acid is a commonly observed feature of endothelial dysfunction and vascular inflammation in hypertension. In this review, we will critically analyze the literature supporting this concept, as well as address the potential underlying mechanisms, including the possibility that arachidonic acid signaling is diverted away from the synthesis of pro-resolving metabolites in conditions such as hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonnelle M Edwards
- Center for Hypertension and Precision Medicine, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Toledo College of Medicine & Life Sciences, Toledo, OH, United States
| | - Cameron G McCarthy
- Center for Hypertension and Precision Medicine, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Toledo College of Medicine & Life Sciences, Toledo, OH, United States
| | - Camilla F Wenceslau
- Center for Hypertension and Precision Medicine, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Toledo College of Medicine & Life Sciences, Toledo, OH, United States
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8
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Taguchi K, Bessho N, Kaneko N, Okudaira K, Matsumoto T, Kobayashi T. Glucagon-like peptide-1 increased the vascular relaxation response via AMPK/Akt signaling in diabetic mice aortas. Eur J Pharmacol 2019; 865:172776. [PMID: 31697935 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2019.172776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Revised: 10/28/2019] [Accepted: 11/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The incretin glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) elicits direct favorable effects on the cardiovascular system. This study aimed to evaluate the acute effects of GLP-1 on improving aortic endothelial dysfunction in diabetic mice. Additionally, we examined whether GLP-1 elucidated the underlying mechanisms. Using the diabetic mouse models induced by nicotinamide and streptozotocin, we investigated the functional changes in the aorta caused by GLP-1. Organ baths were performed for vascular reactivity in isolated aortic rings, and western blotting was used for protein analysis. The diabetic aortas showed enhanced GLP-1-induced relaxation response and nitric oxide (NO) production. However, the pretreatment of GLP-1 did not significantly change the endothelial-dependent relaxation response to acetylcholine and -independent relaxation response to sodium nitroprusside. On the other hand, the GLP-1-induced relaxation response and NO production were abolished by the endothelial NO synthase inhibitor, GLP-1 receptor antagonist, Akt inhibitor, and AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) inhibitor. Finally, in diabetic mice, considerable increases in phosphorylation of Akt and AMPK were found in aortas stimulated with GLP-1, both of which were decreased by pretreatment with the AMPK inhibitor. GLP-1 significantly enhanced endothelial-dependent relaxation in diabetic aortas. The effect may be mediated through activation of the AMPK/Akt pathway via a GLP-1 receptor-dependent mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kumiko Taguchi
- Department of Physiology and Morphology, Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, Hoshi University, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8501, Japan
| | - Nanami Bessho
- Department of Physiology and Morphology, Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, Hoshi University, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8501, Japan
| | - Nozomu Kaneko
- Department of Physiology and Morphology, Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, Hoshi University, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8501, Japan
| | - Kanami Okudaira
- Department of Physiology and Morphology, Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, Hoshi University, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8501, Japan
| | - Takayuki Matsumoto
- Department of Physiology and Morphology, Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, Hoshi University, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8501, Japan
| | - Tsuneo Kobayashi
- Department of Physiology and Morphology, Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, Hoshi University, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8501, Japan.
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9
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Leo CH, Ng HH, Marshall SA, Jelinic M, Rupasinghe T, Qin C, Roessner U, Ritchie RH, Tare M, Parry LJ. Relaxin reduces endothelium-derived vasoconstriction in hypertension: Revealing new therapeutic insights. Br J Pharmacol 2019; 177:217-233. [PMID: 31479151 DOI: 10.1111/bph.14858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2018] [Revised: 08/21/2019] [Accepted: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Endothelium-derived vasoconstriction is a hallmark of vascular dysfunction in hypertension. In some cases, an overproduction of endothelium-derived prostacyclin (PGI2 ) can cause contraction rather than relaxation. Relaxin is well known for its vasoprotective actions, but the possibility that this peptide could also reverse endothelium-derived vasoconstriction has never been investigated. We tested the hypothesis that short-term relaxin treatment mitigates endothelium-derived vasoconstriction in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Male Wistar Kyoto rats (WKY) and SHR were subcutaneously infused with either vehicle (20 mmol·L-1 sodium acetate) or relaxin (13.3 μg·kg-1 ·hr-1 ) using osmotic minipumps for 3 days. Vascular reactivity to the endothelium-dependent agonist ACh was assessed in vitro by wire myography. Quantitative PCR and LC-MS were used to identify changes in gene expression of prostanoid pathways and PG production, respectively. KEY RESULTS Relaxin treatment ameliorated hypertension-induced endothelial dysfunction by increasing NO-dependent relaxation and reducing endothelium-dependent contraction. Notably, short-term relaxin treatment up-regulated mesenteric PGI2 receptor (IP) expression, permitting PGI2 -IP-mediated vasorelaxation. In the aorta, reversal of contraction was accompanied by suppression of the hypertension-induced increase in prostanoid-producing enzymes and reduction in PGI2 -evoked contractions. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Relaxin has region-dependent vasoprotective actions in hypertension. Specifically, relaxin has distinct effects on endothelium-derived contracting factors and their associated vasoconstrictor pathways in mesenteric arteries and the aorta. Taken together, these observations reveal the potential of relaxin as a new therapeutic agent for vascular disorders that are associated with endothelium-derived vasoconstriction including hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Huei Leo
- School of Biosciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Hooi Hooi Ng
- School of Biosciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia.,Heart Failure Pharmacology, Baker Heart & Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Sarah A Marshall
- School of Biosciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Maria Jelinic
- School of Biosciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Thusitha Rupasinghe
- Metabolomics Australia, School of Biosciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Chengxue Qin
- Heart Failure Pharmacology, Baker Heart & Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Ute Roessner
- School of Biosciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia.,Metabolomics Australia, School of Biosciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Rebecca H Ritchie
- Heart Failure Pharmacology, Baker Heart & Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Department of Diabetes, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Marianne Tare
- Monash Rural Health, Monash University, Churchill, VIC, Australia.,Department of Physiology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Laura J Parry
- School of Biosciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
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10
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White mulberry fruit polysaccharides enhance endothelial nitric oxide production to relax arteries in vitro and reduce blood pressure in vivo. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 116:109022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.109022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2019] [Revised: 05/18/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
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11
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Vanhoutte PM, Leung SWS. Hypoxic augmentation: The tale of a strange contraction. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2019; 127:59-66. [PMID: 31310708 DOI: 10.1111/bcpt.13295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Almost fifty years ago, experiments on isolated veins showed that acute hypoxia augments venoconstrictor responses in vitro and that such facilitation relied on anaerobic glycolysis. Over the years, this phenomenon was extended to a number of arterial preparations of different species and revisited, from a mechanistic point of view, with the successive demonstration that it depends on calcium handling in the vascular smooth muscle cells, is endothelium-dependent and requires the production of nitric oxide (NO) by endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and the activation of soluble guanylyl cyclase (sGC). However, rather than the vasodilator cyclic nucleotide 3',5'-cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP), its canonical product, the latter enzyme produces 3',5'-cyclic inosine monophosphate (cIMP) instead during acute hypoxia; this non-canonical cyclic nucleotide facilitates the contractile process in the vascular smooth muscle cells. This 'biased' activity of soluble guanylyl cyclase appears to involve stimulation of NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO-1). The exact interactions between hypoxia, anaerobic metabolism and NQO-1 leading to biased activity of soluble guanylyl cyclase remain to be established.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Michel Vanhoutte
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Department of Cardiovascular and Renal Research, Institute for Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Susan Wai Sum Leung
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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12
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Balcilar C, Ozakca-Gunduz I, Altan VM. Contributions of Rho-kinase and AMP-related kinase signaling pathways to responses mediated by endothelium-derived contracting factors in diabetic rat aorta. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2019; 97:600-610. [DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2018-0698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes-induced endothelial damage leads to vascular dysfunction. The current study investigated the effects of short-term (4-week) streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes on responses mediated by endothelium-derived contracting factors (EDCFs) as well as possible contributions of Rho-kinase and AMP-activated kinase (AMPK) signaling pathways. The effects of STZ-diabetes on vascular function were examined in isolated thoracic aorta preparations of 30-week-old rats (n = 27). The diabetes-associated changes in vascular function were studied with calcium ionophore A23187, acetylcholine, Rho-kinase inhibitor Y27632 ((R)-(+)-trans-4-(1-aminoethyl)-N-(4-pyridyl)cyclohexanecarboxamide dihydrochloride), and AMPK activator AICAR (5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide-1-β-d-ribofuranoside). The phosphorylation of acetyl-CoA carboxylase, AMPK, and phospholamban and the protein levels of sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic Ca2+-ATPase 2 (SERCA2) and Rho-associated protein kinase (ROCKII) were measured in aortic preparations. Although the acetylcholine-mediated relaxation responses were preserved in 4-week STZ-induced diabetes, the increased activation of the Rho-kinase pathway was demonstrated via twofold enhancement in A23187-mediated contractile responses and significantly augmented protein levels of ROCKII. The AICAR-activated AMPK-mediated relaxation response was also augmented ∼4-fold in diabetic rats, without any alteration in phospholamban phosphorylation; further, this relaxation response suppressed A23187-mediated contraction in both groups. Diabetic rats showed an increase in AICAR-induced AMPK-mediated vasorelaxation and a 2.5-fold elevation of phosphorylated AMPK levels. These results indicate a possible compensation between hyperglycemia-induced endothelium-dependent hypercontractility and AMPK-mediated vasorelaxation in diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cennet Balcilar
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Isil Ozakca-Gunduz
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - V. Melih Altan
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bezmialem Vakif University, Istanbul, Turkey
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13
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Yang Y, Wang S, Kobayashi K, Hao Y, Kanda H, Kondo T, Kogure Y, Yamanaka H, Yamamoto S, Li J, Miwa H, Noguchi K, Dai Y. TRPA1-expressing lamina propria mesenchymal cells regulate colonic motility. JCI Insight 2019; 4:122402. [PMID: 31045572 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.122402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2018] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The physiological process of defecation is directly controlled by colorectal motility. The transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) channel is expressed in small intestine enterochromaffin cells and is involved in gastrointestinal motility via serotonin release. In the colorectum, however, enterochromaffin cell localization is largely distinct from that in the small intestine. Here, we investigated the role of lower gastrointestinal tract TRPA1 in modulating colorectal motility. We found that in colonic tissue, TRPA1 is predominantly expressed in mesenchymal cells of the lamina propria, which are clearly distinct from those in the small intestine. These cells coexpressed COX1 and microsomal prostaglandin E synthase-1. Intracolonic administration of TRPA1 agonists induced colonic contraction, which was suppressed by a prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) receptor 1 antagonist. TRPA1 activation induced calcium influx and PGE2 release from cultured human fibroblastic cells. In dextran sulfate sodium-treated animals, both TRPA1 and its endogenous agonist were dramatically increased in the colonic lamina propria, accompanied by abnormal colorectal contractions. Abnormal colorectal contractions were significantly prevented by pharmacological and genetic inhibition of TRPA1. In conclusion, in the lower gastrointestinal tract, mesenchymal TRPA1 activation results in PGE2 release and consequently promotes colorectal contraction, representing what we believe is a novel physiological and inflammatory bowel disease-associated mechanism of gastrointestinal motility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanjing Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Hyogo University of Health Sciences (HUHS), Kobe, Hyogo, Japan.,Traditional Medicine Research Center, Chinese Medicine Confucius Institute at Hyogo College of Medicine (CMCIHCM), Kobe, Hyogo, Japan.,Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, Hyogo College of Medicine (HCM), Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Shenglan Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Hyogo University of Health Sciences (HUHS), Kobe, Hyogo, Japan.,Traditional Medicine Research Center, Chinese Medicine Confucius Institute at Hyogo College of Medicine (CMCIHCM), Kobe, Hyogo, Japan.,School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine (BUCM), Beijing, China
| | - Kimiko Kobayashi
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, Hyogo College of Medicine (HCM), Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Yongbiao Hao
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Hyogo University of Health Sciences (HUHS), Kobe, Hyogo, Japan.,Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, HCM, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Hirosato Kanda
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Hyogo University of Health Sciences (HUHS), Kobe, Hyogo, Japan.,Traditional Medicine Research Center, Chinese Medicine Confucius Institute at Hyogo College of Medicine (CMCIHCM), Kobe, Hyogo, Japan.,Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, Hyogo College of Medicine (HCM), Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Takashi Kondo
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, HCM, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Yoko Kogure
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Hyogo University of Health Sciences (HUHS), Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Hiroki Yamanaka
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, Hyogo College of Medicine (HCM), Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Satoshi Yamamoto
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Hyogo University of Health Sciences (HUHS), Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Junxiang Li
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Dongfang Hospital of BUCM, Beijing, China
| | - Hiroto Miwa
- Traditional Medicine Research Center, Chinese Medicine Confucius Institute at Hyogo College of Medicine (CMCIHCM), Kobe, Hyogo, Japan.,Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, HCM, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Koichi Noguchi
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, Hyogo College of Medicine (HCM), Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Yi Dai
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Hyogo University of Health Sciences (HUHS), Kobe, Hyogo, Japan.,Traditional Medicine Research Center, Chinese Medicine Confucius Institute at Hyogo College of Medicine (CMCIHCM), Kobe, Hyogo, Japan.,Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, Hyogo College of Medicine (HCM), Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan
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14
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Gonzaga NA, Awata WM, Tanus-Santos JE, Padovan JC, Tirapelli CR. Mechanisms underlying vascular hypocontractility induced by ethanol withdrawal: Role of cyclooxygenase 2-derived prostacyclin. Eur J Pharmacol 2019; 847:103-112. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2019.01.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2018] [Revised: 01/21/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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15
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Liang C, Zhang Y, Zhuo D, Lo CY, Yu L, Lau CW, Kwan YW, Tse G, Huang Y, Yao X. Endothelial cell transient receptor potential channel C5 (TRPC5) is essential for endothelium-dependent contraction in mouse carotid arteries. Biochem Pharmacol 2018; 159:11-24. [PMID: 30414390 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2018.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Accepted: 11/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Augmented endothelium-dependent contractions (EDC) contributes to endothelial dysfunction and vascular disease progression. An early signal in EDC is cytosolic [Ca2+]i rise in endothelial cells, which stimulates the production of contractile prostanoids, leading to vascular contraction. In this study, the molecular identity of Ca2+-permeable channels in endothelial cells and its function were investigated. Vascular tension was measured by wire myograph. EDCs were elicited by acetylcholine (ACH) in the presence of NG-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME). [Ca2+]i was measured using a Ca2+-sensitive fluorescence dye. Enzyme Immunoassay (EIA) was used for prostaglandin measurement. Immunohistochemical staining found the expression of transient receptor potential channel C5 (TRPC5) in endothelial and smooth muscle cells of mouse carotid arteries. ACH-induced EDC in male mouse carotid arteries was found to be substantially reduced in TRPC5 knockout (KO) mice than in wild-type (WT) mice. TRPC5 inhibitors clemizole and ML204 also reduced the EDC. Furthermore, ACH-induced Ca2+ entry in endothelial cells was lower in TRPC5 KO mice than in WT mice. Moreover, the EDC was abolished by a cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitor NS-398, but not affected by a COX-1 inhibitor valeryl salicylate (VAS). Enzyme immunoassay results showed that TRPC5 stimulated the COX-2-linked production of prostaglandin F2α (PGF2α), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), and prostaglandin D2 (PGD2). Exogeneous PGF2α, PGE2, and PGD2 could induce contractions in carotid arteries. Our present study demonstrated that TRPC5 in endothelial cells contributes to EDC by stimulating the production of COX-2-linked prostanoids. The finding extends our knowledge about EDC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cai Liang
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yunting Zhang
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China
| | - Duan Zhuo
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China
| | - Chun-Yin Lo
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China
| | - Libo Yu
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China
| | - Chi-Wai Lau
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yiu-Wa Kwan
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Gary Tse
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yu Huang
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xiaoqiang Yao
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China.
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16
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Interactions between the Cyclooxygenase Metabolic Pathway and the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone Systems: Their Effect on Cardiovascular Risk, from Theory to the Clinical Practice. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 2018:7902081. [PMID: 30386795 PMCID: PMC6189683 DOI: 10.1155/2018/7902081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2018] [Accepted: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Coronary artery disease (CAD) and stroke are the most common and serious long-term complications of hypertension. Acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) significantly reduces their incidence and cardiovascular mortality. The RAAS activation plays an important role in pathogenesis of CVD, resulting in increased vascular resistance, proliferation of vascular-smooth-muscle-cells, and cardiac hypertrophy. Drugs acting on the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) are demonstrated to reduce cardiovascular events in population with cardiovascular disease (CVD). The cyclooxygenase inhibitors limit the beneficial effect of RAAS-inhibitors, which in turn may be important in subjects with hypertension, CAD, and congestive heart failure. These observations apply to most of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and ASA at high doses. Nevertheless, there is no strong evidence confirming presence of similar effects of cardioprotective ASA doses. The benefit of combined therapy with low-doses of ASA is-in some cases-significantly higher than that of monotherapy. So far, the significance of ASA in optimizing the pharmacotherapy remains not fully established. A better understanding of its influence on the particular CVD should contribute to more precise identification of patients in whom benefits of ASA outweigh the complication risk. This brief review summarizes the data regarding usefulness and safety of the ASA combination with drugs acting directly on the RAAS.
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17
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Xu N, Wang Q, Jiang S, Wang Q, Hu W, Zhou S, Zhao L, Xie L, Chen J, Wellstein A, Lai EY. Fenofibrate improves vascular endothelial function and contractility in diabetic mice. Redox Biol 2018; 20:87-97. [PMID: 30296701 PMCID: PMC6174921 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2018.09.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2018] [Revised: 09/11/2018] [Accepted: 09/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Fenofibrate, a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors α (PPARα) agonist, reduces vascular complications of diabetic patients but its protective mechanisms are not fully understood. Here we tested the hypothesis that fenofibrate improves vascular endothelial dysfunction by balancing endothelium-dependent relaxation and contractility of the aorta in diabetes mellitus (DM). In streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice, eight weeks of fenofibrate treatment (100 mg/Kg/d) improved endothelium dependent relaxation in the macro- and microvessels, increased nitric oxide (NO) levels, reduced renal damage markers and effects of the vasoconstrictor prostaglandin. Levels of superoxide dismutase and catalase were both reduced and hydrogen peroxide was increased in vehicle-treated DM, but these changes were reversed by fenofibrate treatment. Vasodilation of the aorta after fenofibrate treatment was reversed by PPARα or AMPKα inhibitors. Western blots showed that fenofibrate treatment elevated PPARα expression, induced liver kinase B1 (LKB1) translocation from the nucleus to the cytoplasm and activated AMP-activated protein kinase-α (AMPKα), thus activating endothelial NO synthase (eNOS). Also, fenofibrate treatment decreased NF-κB p65 and cyclooxygenase 2 proteins in aortas. Finally, incubation with indomethacin in vitro improved aortic contractility in diabetic mice. Overall, our results show that fenofibrate treatment in diabetic mice normalizes endothelial function by balancing vascular reactivity via increasing NO production and suppressing the vasoconstrictor prostaglandin, suggesting mechanism of action of fenofibrate in mediating diabetic vascular complications. Fenofibrate improves diabetic endothelial function is via PPAR/LKB1/AMPK/eNOS signal. Fenofibrate reduces diabetic endothelial contractility is via NF-κB/COX-2 pathway. Diabetes-associated oxidative stress is attenuated by fenofibrate treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Xu
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, and Kidney Disease Center of First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Qin Wang
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, and Kidney Disease Center of First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Shan Jiang
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, and Kidney Disease Center of First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Qijing Wang
- Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Weipeng Hu
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, and Kidney Disease Center of First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Suhan Zhou
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, and Kidney Disease Center of First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Liang Zhao
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, and Kidney Disease Center of First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Lanyu Xie
- Medical college, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330000, China
| | - Jianghua Chen
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, and Kidney Disease Center of First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Anton Wellstein
- Lombardi Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20007, USA
| | - En Yin Lai
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, and Kidney Disease Center of First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China.
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18
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Obesity is a major risk factor for the development of hypertension (HTN), a leading cause of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Growing body of research suggests that adipose tissue function is directly associated with the pathogenesis of obesity-related HTN. In this review, we will discuss recent research on the role of adipose tissue in blood pressure (BP) regulation and activation of brown adipose tissue (BAT) as a potentially new therapeutic means for obesity-related HTN. RECENT FINDINGS Adipose tissue provides mechanical protection of the blood vessels and plays a role in regulation of vascular tone. Exercise and fasting activate BAT and induce browning of white adipose tissue (WAT). BAT-secreted FGF21 lowers BP and protects against HTN. Browning of perivascular WAT improves HTN. New insights on WAT browning and BAT activation can open new avenues of potential therapeutic interventions to treat obesity-related HTN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eashita Das
- Translational Medicine Program, The Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 0A4, Canada
- Department of Microbiology, Siliguri College, North Bengal University, Siliguri, West Bengal, 734001, India
| | - Joon Ho Moon
- Translational Medicine Program, The Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 0A4, Canada
| | - Ju Hee Lee
- Translational Medicine Program, The Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 0A4, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Nikita Thakkar
- Translational Medicine Program, The Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 0A4, Canada
| | - Zdenka Pausova
- Translational Medicine Program, The Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 0A4, Canada
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Hoon-Ki Sung
- Translational Medicine Program, The Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 0A4, Canada.
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
- Banting and Best Diabetes Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
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19
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Activation of TP receptors induces high release of PGI2 in coronary arteries of renal hypertensive rats. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2018; 122:125-133. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2018.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2018] [Revised: 08/02/2018] [Accepted: 08/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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20
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Lee MYK, Ge G, Fung ML, Vanhoutte PM, Mak JCW, Ip MSM. Low but not high frequency of intermittent hypoxia suppresses endothelium-dependent, oxidative stress-mediated contractions in carotid arteries of obese mice. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2018; 125:1384-1395. [PMID: 30091668 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00224.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Obstructive sleep apnea is characterized by intermittent hypoxia (IH) during sleep and predisposes to endothelial dysfunction. Obesity is a major risk factor for the occurrence of sleep apnea. The present study compared the functional impact of low- (IH10; 10 hypoxic events/h) and high-frequency (IH60; 60 hypoxic events/h) IH for 4 wk on endothelial function in male C57BL/6 mice with or without high-fat (HF) diet-induced obesity. Mean arterial blood pressure (tail cuff method) was increased in obese mice after IH60 exposure, i.e., HF + IH60 group. The serum levels of the oxidative stress marker malondialdehyde were augmented in lean IH60 and HF groups, with a further increase in HF + IH60 but a reduction in HF + IH10 mice compared with the HF group. Vascular responsiveness was assessed as changes in isometric tension in isolated arteries. Relaxations to the endothelium-dependent vasodilator acetylcholine were impaired in HF + IH60 aortae. Endothelium-dependent contractions (EDC; response to acetylcholine in the presence of the nitric oxide synthase inhibitor l-NAME) in carotid arteries were augmented in the HF group, but this HF-induced augmentation was suppressed by low-frequency IH exposure. The addition of apocynin (antioxidant) reduced EDC in HF and HF + IH60 groups but not in HF + IH10 group. In conclusion, these findings suggest that exposure of obese mice to mild IH exerts preconditioning-like suppression of endothelium-dependent and oxidative stress-mediated contractions. When IH severity increases, this suppression diminishes and endothelial dysfunction accelerates. NEW & NOTEWORTHY The present study demonstrates, for the first time, that low-frequency intermittent hypoxia may exert a preconditioning-like suppression of oxidative stress-induced endothelium-dependent contractions in mice with diet-induced obesity. This relative suppression was diminished as intermittent hypoxia became more severe, and a deleterious effect on endothelial function emerged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary Y K Lee
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Hong Kong , China
| | - Grace Ge
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Hong Kong , China
| | - M L Fung
- Research Centre of Heart, Brain, Hormone and Healthy Aging, University of Hong Kong , China.,School of Biomedical Sciences, LKS Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong , China
| | - Paul M Vanhoutte
- Pharmacology & Pharmacy, LKS Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong , China.,Research Centre of Heart, Brain, Hormone and Healthy Aging, University of Hong Kong , China
| | - Judith C W Mak
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Hong Kong , China.,Pharmacology & Pharmacy, LKS Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong , China.,Research Centre of Heart, Brain, Hormone and Healthy Aging, University of Hong Kong , China
| | - Mary S M Ip
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Hong Kong , China.,Research Centre of Heart, Brain, Hormone and Healthy Aging, University of Hong Kong , China
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21
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Endothelium-derived contraction in a model of rheumatoid arthritis is mediated via angiotensin II type 1 receptors. Vascul Pharmacol 2018; 100:51-57. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vph.2017.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2017] [Revised: 11/02/2017] [Accepted: 11/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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22
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Abstract
Traditionally, only the 3',5'-cyclic monophosphates of adenosine and guanosine (produced by adenylyl cyclase and guanylyl cyclase, respectively) are regarded as true "second messengers" in the vascular wall, despite the presence of other cyclic nucleotides in different tissues. Among these noncanonical cyclic nucleotides, inosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (cIMP) is synthesized by soluble guanylyl cyclase in porcine coronary arteries in response to hypoxia, when the enzyme is activated by endothelium-derived nitric oxide. Its production is associated with augmentation of vascular contraction mediated by stimulation of Rho kinase. Based on these findings, cIMP appears to meet most, if not all, of the criteria required for it to be accepted as a "second messenger," at least in the vascular wall.
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23
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de Paula TDC, Silva BR, Grando MD, Pernomian L, do Prado AF, Bendhack LM. Relaxation induced by the nitric oxide donor and cyclooxygenase inhibitor NCX2121 in renal hypertensive rat aortas. Eur J Pharm Sci 2017; 107:45-53. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2017.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2016] [Revised: 05/25/2017] [Accepted: 06/05/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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24
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Lee HJ, Cantú SM, Donoso AS, Choi MR, Peredo HA, Puyó AM. Metformin prevents vascular prostanoid release alterations induced by a high-fat diet in rats. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1111/aap.12057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- H. J. Lee
- Cátedra de Anatomía e Histología; Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica; Universidad de Buenos Aires, ININCA-CONICET; Buenos Aires Argentina
| | - S. M. Cantú
- Cátedra de Anatomía e Histología; Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica; Universidad de Buenos Aires, ININCA-CONICET; Buenos Aires Argentina
| | - A. S. Donoso
- Cátedra de Anatomía e Histología; Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica; Universidad de Buenos Aires, ININCA-CONICET; Buenos Aires Argentina
| | - M. R. Choi
- Cátedra de Anatomía e Histología; Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica; Universidad de Buenos Aires, ININCA-CONICET; Buenos Aires Argentina
| | - H. A. Peredo
- Cátedra de Anatomía e Histología; Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica; Universidad de Buenos Aires, ININCA-CONICET; Buenos Aires Argentina
| | - A. M. Puyó
- Cátedra de Anatomía e Histología; Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica; Universidad de Buenos Aires, ININCA-CONICET; Buenos Aires Argentina
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25
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Zahorul Islam M, Kawaguchi H, Miura N, Miyoshi N, Yamazaki-Himeno E, Shiraishi M, Miyamoto A, Tanimoto A. Hypertension alters the endothelial-dependent biphasic response of bradykinin in isolated Microminipig basilar artery. Microvasc Res 2017; 114:52-57. [PMID: 28587989 DOI: 10.1016/j.mvr.2017.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2017] [Revised: 04/19/2017] [Accepted: 06/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Angiotensin (Ang) II is known to promote vascular disease and hypertension, partly through its effect on vascular endothelium. Bradykinin (BK) is an endothelium-dependent agonist that induces relaxation followed by contraction of the porcine basilar artery through release of NO and PGF2α, respectively. In this study, we evaluated the effect of Ang II-induced hypertension on basilar artery responsiveness to BK in the Microminipig (MMPig). Ang II (200ng/kg/min) or vehicle was infused into MMPigs for 14days using an osmotic mini-pump and blood pressure was monitored regularly. The responsiveness of subsequently isolated basilar arteries was then measured using a micro organ bath system. MMPig basilar artery endothelial cells were cultured and stimulated with Ang II or vehicle for 48h. Mean blood pressure was significantly (P<0.05; n=5) higher in Ang II-infused MMPigs than in vehicle-infused MMPigs. In vitro, BK-induced endothelium-dependent dilation of isolated basilar artery specimens was abolished and BK-induced contraction was significantly increased (Emax: 15.85±2.42% and 56.54±2.71% of 60mM KCl in control and Ang II group respectively at 10-7M concentration of BK; P<0.01; n=5) in Ang II-infused MMPigs. Ang II stimulation of the endothelial cells significantly decreased (54.15% at 24h; P<0.05; n=three independent experiment performed in triplicate) the amount of BK-elicited NO and increased (44.27% at 24h; P<0.05; n=three independent experiment performed in triplicate) the amount of BK-elicited PGF2α. These results suggest that the decrease of NO and increase of PGF2α production from endothelial cells are responsible for cerebrovascular dysfunction in hypertension, possibly causing cerebrovascular contraction and thus increasing the risk of brain infarction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Zahorul Islam
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Kawaguchi
- Department of Hygiene and Health Promotion Medicine, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Japan
| | - Naoki Miura
- Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, Japan
| | - Noriaki Miyoshi
- Laboratory of Veterinary Histopathology, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, Japan
| | - Emi Yamazaki-Himeno
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, Japan
| | - Mitsuya Shiraishi
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, Japan
| | - Atsushi Miyamoto
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, Japan.
| | - Akihide Tanimoto
- Department of Pathology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Science, Kagoshima University, Japan
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Li Z, Guo G, Wang H, Si X, Zhou G, Xiong Y, Li S, Dai R, Yang C. TRPC5 channel modulates endothelial cells senescence. Eur J Pharmacol 2017; 802:27-35. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2017.02.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2016] [Revised: 02/16/2017] [Accepted: 02/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Jin J, Tang Q, Li Z, Zhao Z, Zhang Z, Lu L, Zhu T, Vanhoutte PM, Leung SW, Tu R, Shi Y. Prostaglandin E 2 regulates renal function in C57/BL6 mouse with 5/6 nephrectomy. Life Sci 2017; 174:68-76. [PMID: 28263803 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2017.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2016] [Revised: 02/27/2017] [Accepted: 03/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To investigate the roles of cyclooxygenases (COX) and their metabolites in C57/BL6 mice with 5/6 nephrectomy, an animal model of chronic renal failure. MAIN METHODS C57/BL6 mice were grouped into sham-operated (2K), one kidney removal (1K) and 5/6 nephrectomy groups (5/6Nx). Renal resistive index was measured by ultrasonography. Blood, aortae, renal arteries and renal cortex were collected for measurement of kidney function, assessment of vascular responsiveness, Western blotting, immuohistochemistry and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. KEY FINDINGS After four weeks, acetylcholine-induced relaxations were blunted in renal arteries of 1K and 5/6Nx mice; indomethacin, a non-selective COX inhibitor, improved the response in 5/6Nx, but not in 1K renal arteries. In 5/6Nx renal arteries, but not in 1K preparations, the protein presence of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) was decreased, while that of COX-2 and its products [prostacyclin and thromboxane A2] were increased. The renal resistive index was lower in 5/6Nx mice, suggesting a lower resistance in the renal microvasculature. In the renal cortex of 5/6Nx mice, eNOS protein presence was increased; while the presence of COX-2 was not detectable. The prostaglandin E2 level was lower in the 5/6Nx cortex than in the other two groups. SIGNIFICANCE The early stage of renal mass removal is associated with increased renal arterial constriction and reduced microvascular resistance. The former is due to downregulation of eNOS and upregulation of COX-2, leading to an increased production of prostacyclin and thromboxane A2. A reduced production of PGE2 in the renal cortex is important for maintaining normal renal function.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Jin
- Biomedical Research Centre, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, China
| | - Q Tang
- Department of Urology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, China
| | - Z Li
- Biomedical Research Centre, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, China
| | - Z Zhao
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Fudan University, China
| | - Z Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Fudan University, China
| | - L Lu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Fudan University, China
| | - T Zhu
- Department of Urology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, China
| | - P M Vanhoutte
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - S W Leung
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - R Tu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, China.
| | - Y Shi
- Biomedical Research Centre, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, China.
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Vanhoutte PM, Shimokawa H, Feletou M, Tang EHC. Endothelial dysfunction and vascular disease - a 30th anniversary update. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2017; 219:22-96. [PMID: 26706498 DOI: 10.1111/apha.12646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 556] [Impact Index Per Article: 79.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2015] [Revised: 10/27/2015] [Accepted: 12/17/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The endothelium can evoke relaxations of the underlying vascular smooth muscle, by releasing vasodilator substances. The best-characterized endothelium-derived relaxing factor (EDRF) is nitric oxide (NO) which activates soluble guanylyl cyclase in the vascular smooth muscle cells, with the production of cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) initiating relaxation. The endothelial cells also evoke hyperpolarization of the cell membrane of vascular smooth muscle (endothelium-dependent hyperpolarizations, EDH-mediated responses). As regards the latter, hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 ) now appears to play a dominant role. Endothelium-dependent relaxations involve both pertussis toxin-sensitive Gi (e.g. responses to α2 -adrenergic agonists, serotonin, and thrombin) and pertussis toxin-insensitive Gq (e.g. adenosine diphosphate and bradykinin) coupling proteins. New stimulators (e.g. insulin, adiponectin) of the release of EDRFs have emerged. In recent years, evidence has also accumulated, confirming that the release of NO by the endothelial cell can chronically be upregulated (e.g. by oestrogens, exercise and dietary factors) and downregulated (e.g. oxidative stress, smoking, pollution and oxidized low-density lipoproteins) and that it is reduced with ageing and in the course of vascular disease (e.g. diabetes and hypertension). Arteries covered with regenerated endothelium (e.g. following angioplasty) selectively lose the pertussis toxin-sensitive pathway for NO release which favours vasospasm, thrombosis, penetration of macrophages, cellular growth and the inflammatory reaction leading to atherosclerosis. In addition to the release of NO (and EDH, in particular those due to H2 O2 ), endothelial cells also can evoke contraction of the underlying vascular smooth muscle cells by releasing endothelium-derived contracting factors. Recent evidence confirms that most endothelium-dependent acute increases in contractile force are due to the formation of vasoconstrictor prostanoids (endoperoxides and prostacyclin) which activate TP receptors of the vascular smooth muscle cells and that prostacyclin plays a key role in such responses. Endothelium-dependent contractions are exacerbated when the production of nitric oxide is impaired (e.g. by oxidative stress, ageing, spontaneous hypertension and diabetes). They contribute to the blunting of endothelium-dependent vasodilatations in aged subjects and essential hypertensive and diabetic patients. In addition, recent data confirm that the release of endothelin-1 can contribute to endothelial dysfunction and that the peptide appears to be an important contributor to vascular dysfunction. Finally, it has become clear that nitric oxide itself, under certain conditions (e.g. hypoxia), can cause biased activation of soluble guanylyl cyclase leading to the production of cyclic inosine monophosphate (cIMP) rather than cGMP and hence causes contraction rather than relaxation of the underlying vascular smooth muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- P. M. Vanhoutte
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy; Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine; The University of Hong Kong; Hong Kong City Hong Kong
| | - H. Shimokawa
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine; Tohoku University; Sendai Japan
| | - M. Feletou
- Department of Cardiovascular Research; Institut de Recherches Servier; Suresnes France
| | - E. H. C. Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy; Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine; The University of Hong Kong; Hong Kong City Hong Kong
- School of Biomedical Sciences; Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine; The University of Hong Kong; Hong Kong City Hong Kong
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Januszek R, Mika P, Nowobilski R, Maga P, Niżankowski R. The improvement of walking abilities and endothelial function after the supervised training treadmill program (STTP) in patients with peripheral artery disease (PAD) is not related to prostacyclin and thromboxane release. Int J Cardiol 2016; 222:813-818. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2016.07.274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2016] [Revised: 07/08/2016] [Accepted: 07/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Dal S, Sigrist S. The Protective Effect of Antioxidants Consumption on Diabetes and Vascular Complications. Diseases 2016; 4:E24. [PMID: 28933404 PMCID: PMC5456287 DOI: 10.3390/diseases4030024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2016] [Revised: 06/20/2016] [Accepted: 06/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity and diabetes is generally accompanied by a chronic state of oxidative stress, disequilibrium in the redox balance, implicated in the development and progression of complications such as micro- and macro-angiopathies. Disorders in the inner layer of blood vessels, the endothelium, play an early and critical role in the development of these complications. Blunted endothelium-dependent relaxation and/or contractions are quietly associated to oxidative stress. Thus, preserving endothelial function and oxidative stress seems to be an optimization strategy in the prevention of vascular complications associated with diabetes. Diet is a major lifestyle factor that can greatly influence the incidence and the progression of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular complications. The notion that foods not only provide basic nutrition but can also prevent diseases and ensure good health and longevity is now attained greater prominence. Some dietary and lifestyle modifications associated to antioxidative supply could be an effective prophylactic means to fight against oxidative stress in diabesity and complications. A significant benefit of phytochemicals (polyphenols in wine, grape, teas), vitamins (ascorbate, tocopherol), minerals (selenium, magnesium), and fruits and vegetables in foods is thought to be capable of scavenging free radicals, lowering the incidence of chronic diseases. In this review, we discuss the role of oxidative stress in diabetes and complications, highlight the endothelial dysfunction, and examine the impact of antioxidant foods, plants, fruits, and vegetables, currently used medication with antioxidant properties, in relation to the development and progression of diabetes and cardiovascular complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stéphanie Dal
- DIATHEC EA 7294 UMR Centre Européen d'Etude du Diabète (CeeD), Université de Strasbourg (UdS), boulevard René Leriche, Strasbourg 67200, France.
| | - Séverine Sigrist
- DIATHEC EA 7294 UMR Centre Européen d'Etude du Diabète (CeeD), Université de Strasbourg (UdS), boulevard René Leriche, Strasbourg 67200, France.
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Detremmerie CM, Chen Z, Li Z, Alkharfy KM, Leung SWS, Xu A, Gao Y, Vanhoutte PM. Endothelium-Dependent Contractions of Isolated Arteries to Thymoquinone Require Biased Activity of Soluble Guanylyl Cyclase with Subsequent Cyclic IMP Production. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2016; 358:558-68. [PMID: 27335436 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.116.234153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2016] [Accepted: 06/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Preliminary experiments on isolated rat arteries demonstrated that thymoquinone, a compound widely used for its antioxidant properties and believed to facilitate endothelium-dependent relaxations, as a matter of fact caused endothelium-dependent contractions. The present experiments were designed to determine the mechanisms underlying this unexpected response. Isometric tension was measured in rings (with and without endothelium) of rat mesenteric arteries and aortae and of porcine coronary arteries. Precontracted preparations were exposed to increasing concentrations of thymoquinone, which caused concentration-dependent, sustained further increases in tension (augmentations) that were prevented by endothelium removal, Nω-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester [L-NAME; nitric oxide (NO) synthase inhibitor], and 1H-[1,2,4]oxadiazolo[4,3-a]quinoxalin-1-one (ODQ; soluble guanylyl cyclase [sGC] inhibitor). In L-NAME-treated rings, the NO-donor diethylenetriamine NONOate restored the thymoquinone-induced augmentations; 5-[1-(phenylmethyl)-1H-indazol-3-yl]-2-furanmethanol (sGC activator) and cyclic IMP (cIMP) caused similar restorations. By contrast, in ODQ-treated preparations, the cell-permeable cGMP analog did not restore the augmentation by thymoquinone. The compound augmented the content (measured with ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry) of cIMP, but not that of cGMP; these increases in cIMP content were prevented by endothelium removal, L-NAME, and ODQ. The augmentation of contractions caused by thymoquinone was prevented in porcine arteries, but not in rat arteries, by 1-(5-isoquinolinylsulfonyl)homopiperazine dihydrochloride and trans-4-[(1R)-1-aminoethyl]-N-4-pyridinylcyclohexanecarboxamide dihydrochloride (Rho-kinase inhibitors); in the latter, but not in the former, it was reduced by 3,5-dichloro-N-[[(1α,5α,6-exo,6α)-3-(3,3-dimethylbutyl)-3-azabicyclo[3.1.0]hex-6-yl]methyl]-benzamide hydrochloride (T-type calcium channel inhibitor), demonstrating species/vascular bed differences in the impact of cIMP on calcium handling. Thymoquinone is the first pharmacological agent that causes endothelium-dependent augmentation of contractions of isolated arteries, which requires endothelium-derived NO and biased sGC activation, resulting in the augmented production of cIMP favoring the contractile process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte M Detremmerie
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy and State Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong S.A.R., China (C.M.D., Z.L., S.W.S.L., A.X., P.M.V.); Department of Clinical Pharmacy, King Saud University, Saudi Arabia (K.M.A.) and Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Peking University Health Science Centre, Beijing, China (Z.C., Y.G.)
| | - Zhengju Chen
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy and State Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong S.A.R., China (C.M.D., Z.L., S.W.S.L., A.X., P.M.V.); Department of Clinical Pharmacy, King Saud University, Saudi Arabia (K.M.A.) and Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Peking University Health Science Centre, Beijing, China (Z.C., Y.G.)
| | - Zhuoming Li
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy and State Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong S.A.R., China (C.M.D., Z.L., S.W.S.L., A.X., P.M.V.); Department of Clinical Pharmacy, King Saud University, Saudi Arabia (K.M.A.) and Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Peking University Health Science Centre, Beijing, China (Z.C., Y.G.)
| | - Khalid M Alkharfy
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy and State Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong S.A.R., China (C.M.D., Z.L., S.W.S.L., A.X., P.M.V.); Department of Clinical Pharmacy, King Saud University, Saudi Arabia (K.M.A.) and Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Peking University Health Science Centre, Beijing, China (Z.C., Y.G.)
| | - Susan W S Leung
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy and State Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong S.A.R., China (C.M.D., Z.L., S.W.S.L., A.X., P.M.V.); Department of Clinical Pharmacy, King Saud University, Saudi Arabia (K.M.A.) and Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Peking University Health Science Centre, Beijing, China (Z.C., Y.G.)
| | - Aimin Xu
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy and State Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong S.A.R., China (C.M.D., Z.L., S.W.S.L., A.X., P.M.V.); Department of Clinical Pharmacy, King Saud University, Saudi Arabia (K.M.A.) and Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Peking University Health Science Centre, Beijing, China (Z.C., Y.G.)
| | - Yuansheng Gao
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy and State Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong S.A.R., China (C.M.D., Z.L., S.W.S.L., A.X., P.M.V.); Department of Clinical Pharmacy, King Saud University, Saudi Arabia (K.M.A.) and Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Peking University Health Science Centre, Beijing, China (Z.C., Y.G.)
| | - Paul M Vanhoutte
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy and State Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong S.A.R., China (C.M.D., Z.L., S.W.S.L., A.X., P.M.V.); Department of Clinical Pharmacy, King Saud University, Saudi Arabia (K.M.A.) and Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Peking University Health Science Centre, Beijing, China (Z.C., Y.G.)
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Denniss SG, Ford RJ, Smith CS, Jeffery AJ, Rush JWE. Chronic in vivo or acute in vitro resveratrol attenuates endothelium-dependent cyclooxygenase-mediated contractile signaling in hypertensive rat carotid artery. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2016; 120:1141-50. [PMID: 26917696 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00675.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2015] [Accepted: 02/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Exaggerated cyclooxygenase (COX) and thromboxane-prostanoid (TP) receptor-mediated endothelium-dependent contraction can contribute to endothelial dysfunction. This study examined the effect of resveratrol (RSV) on endothelium-dependent contraction and cell signaling in the common carotid artery (CCA) from spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and Wistar Kyoto rats (WKY). Acetylcholine (Ach)-stimulated endothelium-dependent nitric oxide synthase (NOS)-mediated relaxation in precontracted SHR CCA was impaired (maximum 73 ± 6% vs. 87 ± 5% in WKY) (P < 0.05) by competitive COX-mediated contraction. Chronic (28-day) treatment in vivo (drinking water) with a ∼0.075 mg·kg(-1)·day(-1) RSV dose affected neither endothelium-dependent relaxation nor endothelium-dependent contraction and associated prostaglandin (PG) production evaluated in non-precontracted NOS-blocked CCA. In contrast, a chronic ∼7.5 mg·kg(-1)·day(-1) RSV dose improved endothelium-dependent relaxation (94 ± 6%) and attenuated endothelium-dependent contraction (58 ± 4% vs. 73 ± 5% in No-RSV) and PG production (183 ± 43 vs. 519 ± 93 pg/ml) in SHR CCA, while U46619-stimulated TP receptor-mediated contraction was unaffected. In separate acute in vitro experiments, 20-μM RSV preincubation attenuated endothelium-dependent contraction (6 ± 4% vs. 62 ± 2% in No Drug) and PG production (121 ± 15 vs. 491 ± 93 pg/ml) and attenuated U46619-stimulated contraction (134 ± 5% vs. 171 ± 4%) in non-precontracted NOS-blocked SHR CCA. Compound C, a known AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) inhibitor, did not prevent the RSV attenuating effect on Ach- and U46619-stimulated contraction but did prevent the RSV attenuating effect on PG production (414 ± 58 pg/ml). These data demonstrate that RSV can attenuate endothelium-dependent contraction both by suppressing arterial wall PG production, which may be partially mediated by AMPK, and by TP receptor hyporesponsiveness, which does not appear to be mediated by AMPK.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven G Denniss
- Integrative Vascular Biology Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of Applied Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - Rebecca J Ford
- Integrative Vascular Biology Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of Applied Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - Christopher S Smith
- Integrative Vascular Biology Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of Applied Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - Andrew J Jeffery
- Integrative Vascular Biology Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of Applied Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - James W E Rush
- Integrative Vascular Biology Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of Applied Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
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Abstract
Vascular endothelial cells play a major role in maintaining cardiovascular homeostasis. Endothelial dysfunction, characterized by reduced endothelium-dependent relaxations or accompanied by enhanced endothelium-dependent contractions, is a hallmark of and plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of hypertension. Endothelial dysfunction in hypertension has been linked to decreases in nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability, reflecting the impaired generation of NO and/or the enhanced inactivation of NO by reactive oxygen species. Many of these conditions can be improved by glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1), a proglucagon-derived hormone secreted by intestinal endocrine L-type cells, which is rapidly inactivated by an enzyme dipeptidyl peptidase 4 in circulation. On one hand, GLP-1 analogues or dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitors upregulate endothelial nitric oxide synthase expression and increase endothelial nitric oxide synthase phosphorylation, resulting in improved production of NO and thus endothelium-dependent relaxations. On the other hand, GLP-1 and related agents attenuate endothelium-dependent contractions by reducing reactive oxygen species generation and cyclooxygenase-2 expression. GLP-1 elevating agents and GLP-1 receptor agonists improve endothelial function in hypertension, suggesting that GLP-1 signaling could be a therapeutic target in hypertension-related vascular events.
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Matsumoto T, Watanabe S, Iguchi M, Ando M, Oda M, Nagata M, Yamada K, Taguchi K, Kobayashi T. Mechanisms Underlying Enhanced Noradrenaline-Induced Femoral Arterial Contractions of Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats: Involvement of Endothelium-Derived Factors and Cyclooxygenase-Derived Prostanoids. Biol Pharm Bull 2016; 39:384-93. [DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b15-00821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Takayuki Matsumoto
- Department of Physiology and Morphology, Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, Hoshi University
| | - Shun Watanabe
- Department of Physiology and Morphology, Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, Hoshi University
| | - Maika Iguchi
- Department of Physiology and Morphology, Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, Hoshi University
| | - Makoto Ando
- Department of Physiology and Morphology, Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, Hoshi University
| | - Mirai Oda
- Department of Physiology and Morphology, Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, Hoshi University
| | - Mako Nagata
- Department of Physiology and Morphology, Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, Hoshi University
| | - Kosuke Yamada
- Department of Physiology and Morphology, Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, Hoshi University
| | - Kumiko Taguchi
- Department of Physiology and Morphology, Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, Hoshi University
| | - Tsuneo Kobayashi
- Department of Physiology and Morphology, Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, Hoshi University
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Friques AGF, Arpini CM, Kalil IC, Gava AL, Leal MA, Porto ML, Nogueira BV, Dias AT, Andrade TU, Pereira TMC, Meyrelles SS, Campagnaro BP, Vasquez EC. Chronic administration of the probiotic kefir improves the endothelial function in spontaneously hypertensive rats. J Transl Med 2015; 13:390. [PMID: 26715471 PMCID: PMC4696190 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-015-0759-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2015] [Accepted: 12/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The beverage obtained by fermentation of milk with kefir grains, a complex matrix containing acid bacteria and yeasts, has been shown to have beneficial effects in various diseases. However, its effects on hypertension and endothelial dysfunction are not yet clear. In this study, we evaluated the effects of kefir on endothelial cells and vascular responsiveness in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). Methods SHR were treated with kefir (0.3 mL/100 g body weight) for 7, 15, 30 and 60 days and compared with non-treated SHR and with normotensive Wistar-Kyoto rats. Vascular endothelial function was evaluated in aortic rings through the relaxation response to acetylcholine (ACh). The balance between reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitric oxide (NO) synthase was evaluated through specific blockers in the ACh-induced responses and through flow cytometry in vascular tissue. Results Significant effects of kefir were observed only after treatment for 60 days. The high blood pressure and tachycardia exhibited by the SHR were attenuated by approximately 15 % in the SHR-kefir group. The impaired ACh-induced relaxation of the aortic rings observed in the SHR (37 ± 4 %, compared to the Wistar rats: 74 ± 5 %), was significantly attenuated in the SHR group chronically treated with kefir (52 ± 4 %). The difference in the area under the curve between before and after the NADPH oxidase blockade or NO synthase blockade of aortic rings from SHR were of approximately +90 and −60 %, respectively, when compared with Wistar rats. In the aortic rings from the SHR-kefir group, these values were reduced to +50 and −40 %, respectively. Flow cytometric analysis of aortic endothelial cells revealed increased ROS production and decreased NO bioavailability in the SHR, which were significantly attenuated by the treatment with kefir. Scanning electronic microscopy showed vascular endothelial surface injury in SHR, which was partially protected following administration of kefir for 60 days. In addition, the recruitment of endothelial progenitor cells was decreased in the non-treated SHR and partially restored by kefir treatment. Conclusions Kefir treatment for 60 days was able to improve the endothelial function in SHR by partially restoring the ROS/NO imbalance and the endothelial architecture due to endothelial progenitor cells recruitment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreia G F Friques
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Graduate Program, Vila Velha University, Vila Velha, ES, Brazil.
| | - Clarisse M Arpini
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Graduate Program, Vila Velha University, Vila Velha, ES, Brazil.
| | - Ieda C Kalil
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Graduate Program, Vila Velha University, Vila Velha, ES, Brazil.
| | - Agata L Gava
- Division of Nephrology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
| | - Marcos A Leal
- Laboratory of Translational Physiology, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Vitoria, ES, Brazil.
| | - Marcella L Porto
- Laboratory of Translational Physiology, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Vitoria, ES, Brazil. .,Institute of Education, Science and Technology (IFES), Vila Velha, ES, Brazil.
| | - Breno V Nogueira
- Department of Morphology, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Vitoria, ES, Brazil.
| | - Ananda T Dias
- Laboratory of Translational Physiology, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Vitoria, ES, Brazil.
| | - Tadeu U Andrade
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Graduate Program, Vila Velha University, Vila Velha, ES, Brazil.
| | - Thiago Melo C Pereira
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Graduate Program, Vila Velha University, Vila Velha, ES, Brazil. .,Institute of Education, Science and Technology (IFES), Vila Velha, ES, Brazil.
| | - Silvana S Meyrelles
- Laboratory of Translational Physiology, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Vitoria, ES, Brazil.
| | - Bianca P Campagnaro
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Graduate Program, Vila Velha University, Vila Velha, ES, Brazil.
| | - Elisardo C Vasquez
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Graduate Program, Vila Velha University, Vila Velha, ES, Brazil. .,Laboratory of Translational Physiology, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Vitoria, ES, Brazil.
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Tostes RC, Carneiro FS, Carvalho MHC, Reckelhoff JF. Reactive oxygen species: players in the cardiovascular effects of testosterone. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2015; 310:R1-14. [PMID: 26538238 DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00392.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2014] [Accepted: 10/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Androgens are essential for the development and maintenance of male reproductive tissues and sexual function and for overall health and well being. Testosterone, the predominant and most important androgen, not only affects the male reproductive system, but also influences the activity of many other organs. In the cardiovascular system, the actions of testosterone are still controversial, its effects ranging from protective to deleterious. While early studies showed that testosterone replacement therapy exerted beneficial effects on cardiovascular disease, some recent safety studies point to a positive association between endogenous and supraphysiological levels of androgens/testosterone and cardiovascular disease risk. Among the possible mechanisms involved in the actions of testosterone on the cardiovascular system, indirect actions (changes in the lipid profile, insulin sensitivity, and hemostatic mechanisms, modulation of the sympathetic nervous system and renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system), as well as direct actions (modulatory effects on proinflammatory enzymes, on the generation of reactive oxygen species, nitric oxide bioavailability, and on vasoconstrictor signaling pathways) have been reported. This mini-review focuses on evidence indicating that testosterone has prooxidative actions that may contribute to its deleterious actions in the cardiovascular system. The controversial effects of testosterone on ROS generation and oxidant status, both prooxidant and antioxidant, in the cardiovascular system and in cells and tissues of other systems are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita C Tostes
- University of São Paulo, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, Ribeirao Preto, São Paulo, Brazil;
| | - Fernando S Carneiro
- University of São Paulo, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, Ribeirao Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Jane F Reckelhoff
- University of Mississippi Medical Center, Women's Health Research Center, Jackson, Mississippi
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Des-aspartate-angiotensin I causes specific release of PGE2 and PGI2 in HUVEC via the angiotensin AT1 receptor and biased agonism. Eur J Pharmacol 2015; 768:173-81. [PMID: 26524410 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2015.10.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2015] [Revised: 10/23/2015] [Accepted: 10/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
DAA-I (des-aspartate-angiotensin I), an endogenous angiotensin, had been shown earlier to ameliorate animal models of cardiovascular diseases via the angiotensin AT1 receptor and prostaglandins. The present study investigated further the action of DAA-I on the release of PGE2, PGI2, PGF2α and TXA2 in HUVEC. 10(-11)-10(-8)M DAA-I and 15min incubation specifically released PGE2 and PGI2. The release was inhibited by losartan and indomethacin but not by PD123319 and NS398 indicating that the angiotensin AT1 receptor and COX-1 mediate the release. At concentrations higher than 10(-7)M, DAA-I mimics the action of angiotensin II by releasing TXA2 but had no effect on the production of PGF2α. At similar concentrations and 4h incubation, DAA-I increased the release of the 4 prostaglandins via the angiotensin AT1 receptor and COX-2, again mimicking the action of angiotensin II. HUVEC that were preincubated with DAA-I or angiotensin II, released similar profiles of prostaglandins when incubated with arachidonic acid after the angiotensin had been washed off. We postulate that the internalized DAA-I/receptor complex remains active and mediates the conversion of arachidonic acid to the respective prostaglandins. The release of PGE2 and PGI2 via the angiotensin AT1 receptor and COX-1 is a novel specific action of DAA-I and is likely responsible for its beneficial effects seen in earlier studies. This specific action is definable as a biased agonism of the angiotensin AT1 receptor, which identifies DAA-I as a novel biased agonist and potential therapeutic that is able to produce specific prostaglandins at nanomolar concentrations.
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Targeting oxidant-dependent mechanisms for the treatment of COPD and its comorbidities. Pharmacol Ther 2015; 155:60-79. [PMID: 26297673 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2015.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2015] [Accepted: 08/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is an incurable global health burden and is characterised by progressive airflow limitation and loss of lung function. In addition to the pulmonary impact of the disease, COPD patients often develop comorbid diseases such as cardiovascular disease, skeletal muscle wasting, lung cancer and osteoporosis. One key feature of COPD, yet often underappreciated, is the contribution of oxidative stress in the onset and development of the disease. Patients experience an increased burden of oxidative stress due to the combined effects of excess reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitrogen species (RNS) generation, antioxidant depletion and reduced antioxidant enzyme activity. Currently, there is a lack of effective treatments for COPD, and an even greater lack of research regarding interventions that treat both COPD and its comorbidities. Due to the involvement of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of COPD and many of its comorbidities, a unique therapeutic opportunity arises where the treatment of a multitude of diseases may be possible with only one therapeutic target. In this review, oxidative stress and the roles of ROS/RNS in the context of COPD and comorbid cardiovascular disease, skeletal muscle wasting, lung cancer, and osteoporosis are discussed and the potential for therapeutic benefit of anti-oxidative treatment in these conditions is outlined. Because of the unique interplay between oxidative stress and these diseases, oxidative stress represents a novel target for the treatment of COPD and its comorbidities.
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Matsumoto T, Goulopoulou S, Taguchi K, Tostes RC, Kobayashi T. Constrictor prostanoids and uridine adenosine tetraphosphate: vascular mediators and therapeutic targets in hypertension and diabetes. Br J Pharmacol 2015; 172:3980-4001. [PMID: 26031319 DOI: 10.1111/bph.13205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2015] [Revised: 04/16/2015] [Accepted: 05/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular dysfunction plays a pivotal role in the development of systemic complications associated with arterial hypertension and diabetes. The endothelium, or more specifically, various factors derived from endothelial cells tightly regulate vascular function, including vascular tone. In physiological conditions, there is a balance between endothelium-derived factors, that is, relaxing factors (endothelium-derived relaxing factors; EDRFs) and contracting factors (endothelium-derived contracting factors; EDCFs), which mediate vascular homeostasis. However, in disease states, such as diabetes and arterial hypertension, there is an imbalance between EDRF and EDCF, with a reduction of EDRF signalling and an increase of EDCF signalling. Among EDCFs, COX-derived vasoconstrictor prostanoids play an important role in the development of vascular dysfunction associated with hypertension and diabetes. Moreover, uridine adenosine tetraphosphate (Up4 A), identified as an EDCF in 2005, also modulates vascular function. However, the role of Up4 A in hypertension- and diabetes-associated vascular dysfunction is unclear. In the present review, we focused on experimental and clinical evidence that implicate these two EDCFs (vasoconstrictor prostanoids and Up4 A) in vascular dysfunction associated with hypertension and diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takayuki Matsumoto
- Department of Physiology and Morphology, Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, Hoshi University, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Styliani Goulopoulou
- Department of Integrative Physiology and Anatomy, Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, USA
| | - Kumiko Taguchi
- Department of Physiology and Morphology, Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, Hoshi University, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Rita C Tostes
- Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirao Preto Medical School University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Tsuneo Kobayashi
- Department of Physiology and Morphology, Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, Hoshi University, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, Japan
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Zhou Z, Sun C, Tilley SL, Mustafa SJ. Mechanisms underlying uridine adenosine tetraphosphate-induced vascular contraction in mouse aorta: Role of thromboxane and purinergic receptors. Vascul Pharmacol 2015; 73:78-85. [PMID: 25921923 DOI: 10.1016/j.vph.2015.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2015] [Revised: 04/13/2015] [Accepted: 04/20/2015] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Uridine adenosine tetraphosphate (Up4A), a novel endothelium-derived vasoactive agent, is proposed to play a role in cardiovascular disorders and induces aortic contraction through activation of cyclooxygenases (COXs). We and others demonstrated that activation of A1 or A3 adenosine receptors (ARs) results in vascular contraction via thromboxane (TX) A2 production. However, the mechanisms of Up4A-induced vascular contraction in mouse aorta are not understood. We hypothesize that Up4A-induced aortic contraction is through COX-derived TXA2 production, which requires activation of A1 and/or A3AR. Concentration responses to Up4A were conducted in isolated aorta. The TXB2 production, a metabolite of TXA2, was also measured. Up4A (10(-9)-10(-5)M) produced a concentration-dependent contraction >70%, which was markedly attenuated by COX and COX1 but not by COX2 inhibition. Notably, Up4A-induced aortic contraction was blunted by both TX synthase inhibitor ozagrel and TXA2 receptor (TP) antagonist SQ29548. Surprisingly, A3AR deletion had no effect on Up4A-induced contraction. Moreover, A1AR deletion or antagonism as well as A1/A3AR deletion potentiated Up4A-induced aortic contraction, suggesting a vasodilator influence of A1AR. In contrast, non-selective purinergic P2 receptor antagonist PPADS significantly blunted Up4A-induced aortic contraction to a similar extent as selective P2X1R antagonist MRS2159, the latter of which was further reduced by addition of ozagrel. Endothelial denudation almost fully attenuated Up4A-induced contraction. Furthermore, Up4A (3μM) increased TXB2 formation, which was inhibited by either MRS2159 or ozagrel. In conclusion, Up4A-induced aortic contraction depends on activation of TX synthase and TP, which partially requires the activation of P2X1R but not A1 or A3AR through an endothelium-dependent mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhichao Zhou
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Center for Cardiovascular and Respiratory Sciences, Clinical and Translational Science Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Changyan Sun
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Center for Cardiovascular and Respiratory Sciences, Clinical and Translational Science Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Stephen L Tilley
- Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - S Jamal Mustafa
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Center for Cardiovascular and Respiratory Sciences, Clinical and Translational Science Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA.
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Cai Y, Manio MM, Leung GP, Xu A, Tang EH, Vanhoutte PM. Thyroid hormone affects both endothelial and vascular smooth muscle cells in rat arteries. Eur J Pharmacol 2015; 747:18-28. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2014.11.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2014] [Revised: 11/26/2014] [Accepted: 11/28/2014] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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Liu L, Liu J, Tian XY, Wong WT, Lau CW, Xu A, Xu G, Ng CF, Yao X, Gao Y, Huang Y. Uncoupling protein-2 mediates DPP-4 inhibitor-induced restoration of endothelial function in hypertension through reducing oxidative stress. Antioxid Redox Signal 2014; 21:1571-81. [PMID: 24328731 PMCID: PMC4174421 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2013.5519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Although uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2) negatively regulates intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and protects vascular function, its participation in vascular benefits of drugs used to treat cardiometabolic diseases is largely unknown. This study investigated whether UCP2 and associated oxidative stress reduction contribute to the improvement of endothelial function by a dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor, sitagliptin, in hypertension. RESULTS Pharmacological inhibition of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) but not COX-1 prevented endothelial dysfunction, and ROS scavengers reduced COX-2 mRNA and protein expression in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) renal arteries. Angiotensin II (Ang II) evoked endothelium-dependent contractions (EDCs) in C57BL/6 and UCP2 knockout (UCP2KO) mouse aortae. Chronic sitagliptin administration attenuated EDCs in SHR arteries and Ang II-infused C57BL/6 mouse aortae and eliminated ROS overproduction in SHR arteries, which were reversed by glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor (GLP-1R) antagonist exendin 9-39, AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)α inhibitor compound C, and UCP2 inhibitor genipin. By contrast, sitagliptin unaffected EDCs in Ang II-infused UCP2KO mice. Sitagliptin increased AMPKα phosphorylation, upregulated UCP2, and downregulated COX-2 expression in arteries from SHR and Ang II-infused C57BL/6 mice. Importantly, exendin 9-39, compound C, and genipin reversed the inhibitory effect of GLP-1R agonist exendin-4 on Ang II-stimulated mitochondrial ROS rises in SHR endothelial cells. Moreover, exendin-4 improved the endothelial function of renal arteries from SHR and hypertensive patients. INNOVATION We elucidate for the first time that UCP2 serves as an important signal molecule in endothelial protection conferred by GLP-1-related agents. UCP2 could be a useful target in treating hypertension-related vascular events. CONCLUSIONS UCP2 inhibits oxidative stress and downregulates COX-2 expression through GLP-1/GLP-1R/AMPKα cascade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Limei Liu
- 1 Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Peking University Health Science Center , Peking, China
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Farb MG, Tiwari S, Karki S, Ngo DTM, Carmine B, Hess DT, Zuriaga MA, Walsh K, Fetterman JL, Hamburg NM, Vita JA, Apovian CM, Gokce N. Cyclooxygenase inhibition improves endothelial vasomotor dysfunction of visceral adipose arterioles in human obesity. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2014; 22:349-55. [PMID: 23640904 PMCID: PMC3766380 DOI: 10.1002/oby.20505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2012] [Accepted: 04/24/2013] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to determine whether cyclooxygenase inhibition improves vascular dysfunction of adipose microvessels from obese humans. DESIGN AND METHODS In 20 obese subjects (age 37 ± 12 years, BMI 47 ± 8 kg/m²), subcutaneous and visceral fat were collected during bariatric surgery and characterized for adipose depot-specific gene expression, endothelial cell phenotype, and microvascular function. Vasomotor function was assessed in response to endothelium-dependent agonists using videomicroscopy of small arterioles from fat. RESULTS Arterioles from visceral fat exhibited impaired endothelium-dependent, acetylcholine-mediated vasodilation, compared to the subcutaneous depot (P < 0.001). Expression of mRNA transcripts relevant to the cyclooxygenase pathway was upregulated in visceral compared to subcutaneous fat. Pharmacological inhibition of cyclooxygenase with indomethacin improved endothelium-dependent vasodilator function of arterioles from visceral fat by twofold (P = 0.01), whereas indomethacin had no effect in the subcutaneous depot. Indomethacin increased activation via serine-1177 phosphorylation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase in response to acetylcholine in endothelial cells from visceral fat. Inhibition of endothelial nitric oxide synthase with N(ω)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester abrogated the effects of cyclooxygenase-inhibition suggesting that vascular actions of indomethacin were related to increased nitric oxide bioavailability. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that cyclooxygenase-mediated vasoconstrictor prostanoids partly contribute to endothelial dysfunction of visceral adipose arterioles in human obesity.
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MESH Headings
- Adult
- Arterioles/drug effects
- Arterioles/metabolism
- Arterioles/pathology
- Arterioles/physiopathology
- Body Mass Index
- Cells, Cultured
- Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors/pharmacology
- Endothelium, Vascular/drug effects
- Endothelium, Vascular/metabolism
- Endothelium, Vascular/pathology
- Endothelium, Vascular/physiopathology
- Enzyme Activation/drug effects
- Enzyme Inhibitors/pharmacology
- Female
- Gene Expression Regulation/drug effects
- Humans
- Intra-Abdominal Fat/blood supply
- Intra-Abdominal Fat/drug effects
- Intra-Abdominal Fat/metabolism
- Intra-Abdominal Fat/pathology
- Male
- Microscopy, Video
- Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III/antagonists & inhibitors
- Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III/chemistry
- Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III/genetics
- Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III/metabolism
- Obesity/drug therapy
- Obesity/metabolism
- Obesity/pathology
- Obesity/physiopathology
- Phosphorylation/drug effects
- Protein Processing, Post-Translational/drug effects
- Subcutaneous Fat, Abdominal/blood supply
- Subcutaneous Fat, Abdominal/drug effects
- Subcutaneous Fat, Abdominal/metabolism
- Subcutaneous Fat, Abdominal/pathology
- Tissue Culture Techniques
- Vasoconstriction/drug effects
- Vasomotor System/drug effects
- Vasomotor System/metabolism
- Vasomotor System/pathology
- Vasomotor System/physiopathology
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa G. Farb
- Department of Medicine and Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
| | - Stephanie Tiwari
- Department of Medicine and Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
| | - Shakun Karki
- Department of Medicine and Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
| | - Doan TM Ngo
- Department of Medicine and Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
| | - Brian Carmine
- Department of General Surgery, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
| | - Donald T. Hess
- Department of General Surgery, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
| | - Maria A. Zuriaga
- Department of Medicine and Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
| | - Kenneth Walsh
- Department of Medicine and Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
| | - Jessica L. Fetterman
- Department of Medicine and Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
| | - Naomi M. Hamburg
- Department of Medicine and Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
| | - Joseph A. Vita
- Department of Medicine and Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
| | - Caroline M. Apovian
- Department of Medicine, Section of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
| | - Noyan Gokce
- Department of Medicine and Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
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Ellinsworth DC, Shukla N, Fleming I, Jeremy JY. Interactions between thromboxane A₂, thromboxane/prostaglandin (TP) receptors, and endothelium-derived hyperpolarization. Cardiovasc Res 2014; 102:9-16. [PMID: 24469536 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvu015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Endothelium-dependent smooth muscle hyperpolarization (EDH) increasingly predominates over endothelium-derived nitric oxide (NO) as a participant in vasodilation as vessel size decreases. Its underlying nature is highly variable between vessel types, species, disease states, and exact experimental conditions, and is variably mediated by one or more transferable endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factors and/or the electrotonic spread of endothelial hyperpolarization into the media via gap junctions. Although generally regarded (and studied) as a mechanism that is independent of NO and prostanoids, evidence has emerged that the endothelium-derived contracting factor and prostanoid thromboxane A2 can modulate several signalling components central to EDH, and therefore potentially curtail vasodilation through mechanisms that are distinct from those putatively involved in direct smooth muscle contraction. Notably, vascular production of thromboxane A2 is elevated in a number of cardiovascular disease states that promote endothelial dysfunction. This review will therefore discuss the mechanisms through which thromboxane A2 interacts with and modulates EDH, and will also consider the implications of such cross-talk in vasodilator control in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- David C Ellinsworth
- Bristol Heart Institute, University of Bristol, Queens Building Level 7, Upper Maudlin St, Bristol Royal Infirmary, Upper Maudlin Street, Bristol BS2 8HW, UK
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Kaufeld AM, Pertz HH, Kolodziej H. 2,3-cis-procyanidins elicit endothelium-dependent relaxation in porcine coronary arteries via activation of the PI3/Akt kinase signaling pathway. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2013; 61:9609-9616. [PMID: 24032351 DOI: 10.1021/jf402460m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Polyphenols including procyanidins have been reported to reduce the risk of cardiovascular diseases. However, polyphenolic extracts represent complex mixtures, and detailed information on their chemical composition is commonly lacking. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential of a highly purified and chemically defined 2,3-cis-procyanidin sample (di- to hexameric [4β,8]-linked oligomers) from Nelia meyeri to relax coronary arteries and to get insight into the underlying mechanisms. The procyanidins produced a concentration-dependent relaxation in endothelium-intact vascular rings by activation of the NO and endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor (EDHF)-signaling pathway via PI3/Akt kinase in a redox-sensitive manner, with O2(-) as key species predominantly produced by xanthine oxidase and NADPH oxidase. Our observations in tissue bath studies were confirmed by Western blotting; 2,3-cis-procyanidins induced phosphorylation of eNOS and Akt in a ROS-dependent manner. These findings provide a basis for comparing the relaxant response and mode of action with that of structurally related proanthocyanidins. Our results may contribute to a better understanding of the potential link between the beneficial effects of proanthocyanidins on vascular health and their broad distribution in many fruits, natural food sources, and foodstuffs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurica M Kaufeld
- Institute of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Biology, Freie Universität Berlin , Königin-Luise-Strasse 2, 14195 Berlin, Germany
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Endothelial dysfunction in diabetes and hypertension: cross talk in RAS, BMP4, and ROS-dependent COX-2-derived prostanoids. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2013; 61:204-14. [PMID: 23232839 DOI: 10.1097/fjc.0b013e31827fe46e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Vascular endothelium regulates cardiovascular function, and endothelial dysfunction is the key initiator for arteriosclerosis and thrombosis and their complications. The endothelium is a dynamic interface that responds to various stimuli and synthesizes and liberates vasoactive molecules such as nitric oxide, prostaglandins, hyperpolarizing factor, and endothelin. Risk factors such as hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, smoking, and hyperglycemia impair the ability of the endothelium to respond to physical or chemical stimulation appropriately, and increased oxidative stress is believed to be a major culprit. This brief article reviews the interplay among several oxidative stress regulators in the vascular wall and highlights therapeutic relevance through deeper understanding of the interplay between the renin-angiotensin system, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate, reduced oxidase, bone morphogenic protein 4, and cyclooxygenase 2-derived prostaglandins as a concerted pathogenic cascade in inducing and maintaining endothelial dysfunction in hypertension and diabetes.
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47
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Rao SP, Riederer M, Lechleitner M, Hermansson M, Desoye G, Hallström S, Graier WF, Frank S. Acyl chain-dependent effect of lysophosphatidylcholine on endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation. PLoS One 2013; 8:e65155. [PMID: 23741477 PMCID: PMC3669280 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0065155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2013] [Accepted: 04/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Previously we identified palmitoyl-, oleoyl-, linoleoyl-, and arachidonoyl-lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC 16:0, 18:1, 18:2 and 20:4) as the most prominent LPC species generated by endothelial lipase (EL). In the present study, we examined the impact of those LPC on acetylcholine (ACh)- induced vascular relaxation. All tested LPC attenuated ACh-induced relaxation, measured ex vivo, using mouse aortic rings and wire myography. The rank order of potency was as follows: 18:2>20:4>16:0>18:1. The attenuating effect of LPC 16:0 on relaxation was augmented by indomethacin-mediated cyclooxygenase (COX)-inhibition and CAY10441, a prostacyclin (PGI2)- receptor (IP) antagonist. Relaxation attenuated by LPC 20:4 and 18:2 was improved by indomethacin and SQ29548, a thromboxane A2 (TXA2)- receptor antagonist. The effect of LPC 20:4 could also be improved by TXA2- and PGI2-synthase inhibitors. As determined by EIA assays, the tested LPC promoted secretion of PGI2, TXA2, PGF2α, and PGE2, however, with markedly different potencies. LPC 16:0 was the most potent inducer of superoxide anion production by mouse aortic rings, followed by LPC 18:2, 20:4 and 18:1, respectively. The strong antioxidant tempol recovered relaxation impairment caused by LPC 18:2, 18:1 and 20:4, but not by LPC 16:0. The tested LPC attenuate ACh-induced relaxation through induction of proconstricting prostanoids and superoxide anions. The potency of attenuating relaxation and the relative contribution of underlying mechanisms are strongly related to LPC acyl-chain length and degree of saturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shailaja P. Rao
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Center of Molecular Medicine, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Monika Riederer
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Center of Molecular Medicine, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
- University of Applied Sciences, Biomedical Science, Graz, Austria
| | - Margarete Lechleitner
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Center of Molecular Medicine, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Martin Hermansson
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Gernot Desoye
- Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Seth Hallström
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry, Center of Physiological Medicine, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Wolfgang F. Graier
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Center of Molecular Medicine, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Saša Frank
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Center of Molecular Medicine, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
- * E-mail:
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Spitler KM, Matsumoto T, Webb RC. Suppression of endoplasmic reticulum stress improves endothelium-dependent contractile responses in aorta of the spontaneously hypertensive rat. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2013; 305:H344-53. [PMID: 23709602 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00952.2012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
A contributing factor to increased peripheral resistance seen during hypertension is an increased production of endothelium-derived contractile factors (EDCFs). The main EDCFs are vasoconstrictor prostanoids, metabolites of arachidonic acid (AA) produced by Ca(2+)-dependent cytosolic phospholipase A2 (cPLA2) following phosphorylation (at Ser(505)) mediated by extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK1/2) and cyclooxygenase (COX) activations. Although endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress has been shown to contribute to pathophysiological alterations in cardiovascular diseases, the relationship between ER stress and EDCF-mediated responses remains unclear. We tested the hypothesis that ER stress plays a role in EDCF-mediated responses via activation of the cPLA2/COX pathway in the aorta of the spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR). Male SHR and Wistar-Kyoto rats (WKY) were treated with ER stress inhibitor, tauroursodeoxycholic acid or 4-phenlybutyric acid (TUDCA or PBA, respectively, 100 mg·kg(-1)·day(-1) ip) or PBS (control, 300 μl/day ip) for 1 wk. There was a decrease in systolic blood pressure in SHR treated with TUDCA or PBA compared with control SHR (176 ± 3 or 181 ± 5, respectively vs. 200 ± 2 mmHg). In the SHR, treatment with TUDCA or PBA normalized aortic (vs. control SHR) 1) contractions to acetylcholine (ACh), AA, and tert-butyl hydroperoxide, 2) ACh-stimulated releases of prostanoids (thromboxane A2, PGF2α, and prostacyclin), 3) expression of COX-1, 4) phosphorylation of cPLA2 and ERK1/2, and 5) production of H2O2. Our findings demonstrate a novel interplay between ER stress and EDCF-mediated responses in the aorta of the SHR. Moreover, ER stress inhibition normalizes such responses by suppressing the cPLA2/COX pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn M Spitler
- Department of Physiology, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA.
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Liang CF, Liu JT, Wang Y, Xu A, Vanhoutte PM. Toll-like receptor 4 mutation protects obese mice against endothelial dysfunction by decreasing NADPH oxidase isoforms 1 and 4. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2013; 33:777-84. [PMID: 23413427 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.112.301087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyze the role of toll-like receptor 4 in modulating metabolism and endothelial function. APPROACH AND RESULTS Type 2 diabetic mice with mutated toll-like receptor 4 (DWM) were protected from hyperglycemia and hypertension, despite an increased body weight. Isometric tension was measured in arterial rings with endothelium. Relaxations to acetylcholine were blunted in aortae and mesenteric arteries of Lepr(db/db) mice, but not in DWM mice; the endothelial NO synthase dimer/monomer ratio and endothelial NO synthase phosphorylation levels were higher in DWM preparations. These differences were abolished by apocynin. Contractions to acetylcholine (in the presence of L-NAME) were larger in carotid arteries from Lepr(db/db) mice than from DWM mice and were inhibited by indomethacin and SC560, demonstrating involvement of cyclooxygenase-1. The release of 6-ketoprostaglandin F1α was lower in DWM mice arteries, implying lower cyclooxygenase-1 activity. Apocynin, manganese(III) tetrakis(1-methyl-4-pyridyl) porphyrin, catalase, and diethyldithiocarbamate inhibited endothelium-dependent contractions. The mRNA and protein levels of NADPH oxidase isoforms NOX1 and NOX4 were downregulated in DWM mice arteries. The in vivo and in vitro administration of lipopolysaccharide caused endothelial dysfunction in the arteries of wild-type, but not toll-like receptor 4-mutated mice. CONCLUSIONS Toll-like receptor 4 plays a key role in obesity and diabetes-associated endothelial dysfunction by increasing oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao-Fan Liang
- Department of Pharmacology, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
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