1
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Smits MM, von Voss L, Drzazga AK, Beaman EE, Brethvad AO, Holst JJ, Rosenkilde MM. Alpha-cyclodextrin increases glucagon-like peptide-1 secretion in multiple models and improves metabolic status in mice. Food Chem 2024; 460:140759. [PMID: 39142205 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.140759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 07/26/2024] [Accepted: 08/02/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024]
Abstract
Alpha-cyclodextrin (α-CD) is a non-absorbable and soluble fiber that causes weight loss. We studied whether this is due to an effect on GLP-1 secretion. In GLUTag cells, α-CD increased GLP-1 secretion up to 170% via adenylyl cyclase, phospholipase C, and L-type calcium channels dependent processes. In rat isolated colon perfusions, luminal α-CD increased GLP-1 secretion with 20%. In lean mice, once daily α-CD versus saline caused weight loss and lowered the peak in glucose after an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). In obese mice, α-CD added to high-fat diet caused weight loss similar to the control group (receiving cellulose). However, compared to cellulose, the α-CD group ate less. During an OGTT, no differences were observed in glucose, insulin and GLP-1. Thus, α-CD increases GLP-1 secretion in a dose-dependent manner and could be a safe and easy addition to food products to help reduce body weight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark M Smits
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Liv von Voss
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anna Katarzyna Drzazga
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Institute of Molecular and Industrial Biotechnology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Lodz University of Technology, Lodz, Poland.
| | - Emily Eufaula Beaman
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | | | - Jens Juul Holst
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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2
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Chen J, Fei M, Ni M, Wang Y, Liu Z, Xie Y, Zhao P, Zhang Z, Fei J. Multilayer Ti 3C 2-CNTs-Au Loaded with Cyclodextrin-MOF for Enhanced Selective Detection of Rutin. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2310217. [PMID: 38361221 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202310217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
In this work, multi-layer Ti3C2 - carbon nanotubes - gold nanoparticles (Ti3C2-CNTs-Au) and cyclodextrin metal-organic framework - carbon nanotubes (CD-MOF-CNTs) have been prepared by in situ growth method and used to construct the ultra-sensitive rutin electrochemical sensor for the first time. Among them, the large number of metal active sites of Ti3C2, the high electron transfer efficiency of CNTS, and the good catalytic properties of AuNPs significantly enhance the electrochemical properties of the composite carbon nanomaterials. Interestingly, CD-MOF has a unique host-guest recognition and a large number of cavities, molecular gaps, and surface reactive groups, which gives the composite outstanding accumulation properties and selectivity for rutin. Under the optimized conditions, the constructed novel sensor has satisfactory detection performance for rutin in the range of 2 × 10-9 to 8 × 10-7 M with a limit of detection of 6.5 × 10-10 M. In addition, the sensor exhibits amazing anti-interference performance against rutin in some flavonoid compounds and can be used to test natural plant samples (buckwheat, Cymbopogon distans, and flos sophorae immaturus). This work has promising applications in the field of environmental and food analysis, and exploring new directions for the application of Mxene-based composites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Chen
- Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Applications of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, 411105, P. R. China
- Hunan Institute of Advanced Sensing and Information Technology, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, 411105, P. R. China
| | - Maoheng Fei
- Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Applications of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, 411105, P. R. China
| | - Meijun Ni
- Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Applications of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, 411105, P. R. China
| | - Yilin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Applications of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, 411105, P. R. China
| | - Zhifang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Applications of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, 411105, P. R. China
| | - Yixi Xie
- Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Applications of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, 411105, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory for Green Organic Synthesis and Application of Hunan Province, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, 411105, P. R. China
| | - Pengcheng Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Applications of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, 411105, P. R. China
- Hunan Institute of Advanced Sensing and Information Technology, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, 411105, P. R. China
| | - Zhiyong Zhang
- Hunan Institute of Advanced Sensing and Information Technology, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, 411105, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory for the Physics and Chemistry of Nanodevices and Center for Carbon-based Electronics, School of Electronics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Junjie Fei
- Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Applications of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, 411105, P. R. China
- Hunan Institute of Advanced Sensing and Information Technology, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, 411105, P. R. China
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3
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Zhu L, Zhong Y, Yan M, Ni S, Zhao X, Wu S, Wang G, Zhang K, Chi Q, Qin X, Li C, Huang X, Wu W. Macrophage Membrane-Encapsulated Dopamine-Modified Poly Cyclodextrin Multifunctional Biomimetic Nanoparticles for Atherosclerosis Therapy. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:32027-32044. [PMID: 38867426 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c04431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
Atherosclerotic plaques exhibit high cholesterol deposition and oxidative stress resulting from high reactive oxygen species (ROS). These are the major components in plaques and the main pro-inflammatory factor. Therefore, it is crucial to develop an effective therapeutic strategy that can simultaneously address the multiple pro-inflammatory factors via removing cholesterol and inhibiting the overaccumulated ROS. In this study, we constructed macrophage membrane-encapsulated biomimetic nanoparticles (MM@DA-pCD@MTX), which not only alleviate cholesterol deposition at the plaque lesion via reverse cholesterol transport but also scavenge the overaccumulated ROS. β-Cyclodextrin (β-CD) and the loaded methotrexate (MTX) act synergistically to induce cholesterol efflux for inhibiting the formation of foam cells. Among them, MTX up-regulated the expression of ABCA1, CYP27A1, and SR-B1. β-CD increased the solubility of cholesterol crystals. In addition, the ROS scavenging property of dopamine (DA) was perfectly preserved in MM@DA-pCD@MTX, which could scavenge the overaccumulated ROS to alleviate the oxidative stress at the plaque lesion. Last but not least, MM-functionalized "homing" targeting of atherosclerotic plaques not only enables the targeted drug delivery but also prolongs in vivo circulation time and drug half-life. In summary, MM@DA-pCD@MTX emerges as a potent, multifunctional therapeutic platform for AS treatment, offering a high degree of biosafety and efficacy in addressing the complex pathophysiology of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhu
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Yuan Zhong
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Meng Yan
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Sheng Ni
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Xiong Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Shuai Wu
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Guixue Wang
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
- Jin Feng Laboratory, Chongqing 401329, China
| | - Kun Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
- Chongqing University Three Gorges Hospital, Chongqing 404000, China
| | - Qingjia Chi
- Department of Engineering Structure and Mechanics, School of Science, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Xian Qin
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
- Chongqing University Three Gorges Hospital, Chongqing 404000, China
| | - Chuanwei Li
- Department of Cardiology, Chongqing Emergency Medical Center, Chongqing University Central Hospital, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Xiaobei Huang
- Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400714, China
| | - Wei Wu
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
- Jin Feng Laboratory, Chongqing 401329, China
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Ji W, Zhang Y, Shao W, Kankala RK, Chen A. β-Cyclodextrin-based nanoassemblies for the treatment of atherosclerosis. Regen Biomater 2024; 11:rbae071. [PMID: 38966400 PMCID: PMC11223813 DOI: 10.1093/rb/rbae071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis, a chronic and progressive condition characterized by the accumulation of inflammatory cells and lipids within artery walls, remains a leading cause of cardiovascular diseases globally. Despite considerable advancements in drug therapeutic strategies aimed at managing atherosclerosis, more effective treatment options for atherosclerosis are still warranted. In this pursuit, the emergence of β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) as a promising therapeutic agent offers a novel therapeutic approach to drug delivery targeting atherosclerosis. The hydrophobic cavity of β-CD facilitates its role as a carrier, enabling the encapsulation and delivery of various therapeutic compounds to affected sites within the vasculature. Notably, β-CD-based nanoassemblies possess the ability to reduce cholesterol levels, mitigate inflammation, solubilize hydrophobic drugs and deliver drugs to affected tissues, making these nanocomponents promising candidates for atherosclerosis management. This review focuses on three major classes of β-CD-based nanoassemblies, including β-CD derivatives-based, β-CD/polymer conjugates-based and polymer β-CD-based nanoassemblies, highlighting a variety of formulations and assembly methods to improve drug delivery and therapeutic efficacy. These β-CD-based nanoassemblies exhibit a variety of therapeutic mechanisms for atherosclerosis and offer systematic strategies for overcoming barriers to drug delivery. Finally, we discuss the present obstacles and potential opportunities in the development and application of β-CD-based nanoassemblies as novel therapeutics for managing atherosclerosis and addressing cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weihong Ji
- Institute of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, Fujian 361021, PR China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Biochemical Technology, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, Fujian 361021, PR China
| | - Yuanxing Zhang
- The Institute of Forensic Science, Xiamen Public Security Bureau, Xiamen, Fujian 361104, PR China
| | - Weichen Shao
- Institute of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, Fujian 361021, PR China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Biochemical Technology, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, Fujian 361021, PR China
| | - Ranjith Kumar Kankala
- Institute of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, Fujian 361021, PR China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Biochemical Technology, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, Fujian 361021, PR China
| | - Aizheng Chen
- Institute of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, Fujian 361021, PR China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Biochemical Technology, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, Fujian 361021, PR China
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5
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Chen MM, Li Y, Zhu Y, Geng WC, Chen FY, Li JJ, Wang ZH, Hu XY, Tang Q, Yu Y, Sun T, Guo DS. Supramolecular 3 in 1: A Lubrication and Co-Delivery System for Synergistic Advanced Osteoarthritis Therapy. ACS NANO 2024; 18:13117-13129. [PMID: 38727027 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c01939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
The complexity, heterogeneity, and drug resistance of diseases necessitate a shift in therapeutic paradigms from monotherapy to combination therapy, which could augment treatment efficiency. Effective treatment of advanced osteoarthritis (OA) requires addressing three key factors contributing to its deterioration: chronic joint inflammation, lubrication dysfunction, and cartilage-tissue degradation. Herein, we present a supramolecular nanomedicine of multifunctionality via molecular recognition and self-assembly. The employed macrocyclic carrier, zwitterion-modified cavitand (CV-2), not only accurately loads various drugs but also functions as a therapeutic agent with lubricating properties for the treatment of OA. Kartogenin (KGN), a drug for articular cartilage regeneration and protection, and flurbiprofen (FP), an anti-inflammatory agent, were coloaded onto CV-2 assembly, forming a supramolecular nanomedicine KGN&FP@CV-2. The three-in-one combination therapy of KGN&FP@CV-2 addresses the three pathological features for treating OA collectively, and thus provides long-term therapeutic benefits for OA through sustained drug release and intrinsic lubrication in vivo. The multifunctional integration of macrocyclic delivery and therapeutics provides a simple, flexible, and universal platform for the synergistic treatment of diseases involving multiple drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Meng Chen
- College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials (Ministry of Education), Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Yuqiao Li
- Spine Surgery, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Yujie Zhu
- Center for Supramolecular Chemistry & Catalysis and Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Wen-Chao Geng
- College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials (Ministry of Education), Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Fang-Yuan Chen
- College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials (Ministry of Education), Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Juan-Juan Li
- College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials (Ministry of Education), Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Ze-Han Wang
- College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials (Ministry of Education), Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Xin-Yue Hu
- College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials (Ministry of Education), Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Qiong Tang
- Department of Respiratory, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin 300121, China
| | - Yang Yu
- Center for Supramolecular Chemistry & Catalysis and Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Tianwei Sun
- Spine Surgery, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin 300121, China
| | - Dong-Sheng Guo
- College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials (Ministry of Education), Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Novel Functional Materials Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Environmental Sciences, Kashi University, Kashi 844000, China
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6
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Andrade B, Chen A, Gilson MK. Host-guest systems for the SAMPL9 blinded prediction challenge: phenothiazine as a privileged scaffold for binding to cyclodextrins. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:2035-2043. [PMID: 38126539 PMCID: PMC10832227 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp05347d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Model systems are widely used in biology and chemistry to gain insight into more complex systems. In the field of computational chemistry, researchers use host-guest systems, relatively simple exemplars of noncovalent binding, to train and test the computational methods used in drug discovery. Indeed, host-guest systems have been developed to support the community-wide blinded SAMPL prediction challenges for over a decade. While seeking new host-guest systems for the recent SAMPL9 binding prediction challenge, which is the focus of the present PCCP Themed Collection, we identified phenothiazine as a privileged scaffold for guests of β cyclodextrin (βCD) and its derivatives. Building on this observation, we used calorimetry and NMR spectroscopy to characterize the noncovalent association of native βCD and three methylated derivatives of βCD with five phenothiazine drugs. The strongest association observed, that of thioridazine and one of the methyl derivatives, exceeds the well-known high affinity of rimantidine with βCD. Intriguingly, however, methylation of βCD at the 3 position abolished detectible binding for all of the drugs studied. The dataset has a clear pattern of entropy-enthalpy compensation. The NMR data show that all of the drugs position at least one aromatic proton at the secondary face of the CD, and most also show evidence of deep penetration of the binding site. The results of this study were used in the SAMPL9 blinded binding affinity-prediction challenge, which are detailed in accompanying papers of the present Themed Collection. These data also open the phenothiazines and, potentially, chemically similar drugs, such as the tricyclic antidepressants, as relatively potent binders of βCD, setting the stage for future SAMPL challenge datasets and for possible applications as drug reversal agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brenda Andrade
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, San Diego, 9255 Pharmacy Lane, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
| | - Ashley Chen
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, San Diego, 9255 Pharmacy Lane, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
| | - Michael K Gilson
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, San Diego, 9255 Pharmacy Lane, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
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7
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Ganjali Koli M, Fogolari F. Exploring the role of cyclodextrins as a cholesterol scavenger: a molecular dynamics investigation of conformational changes and thermodynamics. Sci Rep 2023; 13:21765. [PMID: 38066228 PMCID: PMC10709460 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-49217-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
This study presents a comprehensive analysis of the cholesterol binding mechanism and conformational changes in cyclodextrin (CD) carriers, namely βCD, 2HPβCD, and MβCD. The results revealed that the binding of cholesterol to CDs was spontaneous and thermodynamically favorable, with van der Waals interactions playing a dominant role, while Coulombic interactions have a negligible contribution. The solubility of cholesterol/βCD and cholesterol/MβCD complexes was lower compared to cholesterol/2HPβCD complex due to stronger vdW and Coulombic repulsion between water and CDs. Hydrogen bonding was found to have a minor role in the binding process. The investigation of mechanisms and kinetics of binding demonstrated that cholesterol permeates into the CD cavities completely. Replicas consideration indicated that while the binding to 2HPβCD occurred perpendicularly and solely through positioning cholesterol's oxygen toward the primary hydroxyl rim (PHR), the mechanism of cholesterol binding to βCD and MβCD could take place with the orientation of oxygen towards both rims. Functionalization resulted in decreased cavity polarity, increased constriction tendency, and altered solubility and configuration of the carrier. Upon cholesterol binding, the CDs expanded, increasing the cavity volume in cholesterol-containing systems. The effects of cholesterol on the relative shape anisotropy (κ2) and asphericity parameter (b) in cyclodextrins were investigated. βCD exhibited a spherical structure regardless of cholesterol presence, while 2HPβCD and MβCD displayed more pronounced non-sphericity in the absence of cholesterol. Loading cholesterol transformed 2HPβCD and MβCD into more spherical shapes, with increased probabilities of higher κ2. MβCD showed a higher maximum peak of κ2 compared to 2HPβCD after cholesterol loading, while 2HPβCD maintained a significant maximum peak at 0.2 for b.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mokhtar Ganjali Koli
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran.
- Computational Chemistry Laboratory, Kask Afrand Exire Ltd., Sanandaj, Iran.
| | - Federico Fogolari
- Dipartimento di Scienze Matematiche Informatiche e Fisiche (DMIF), University of Udine, Via delle Scienze 206, 33100, Udine, Italy
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8
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Santos AM, Júnior JA, Cézar SV, Araújo AA, Júnior LJ, Aragón DM, Serafini MR. Cyclodextrin inclusion complexes improving antibacterial drug profiles: an update systematic review. Future Microbiol 2023; 18:1363-1379. [PMID: 37910070 DOI: 10.2217/fmb-2023-0124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: The study aimed to review experimental models using cyclodextrins to improve antibacterial drugs' physicochemical characteristics and biological activities. Methods: The following terms and their combinations were used: cyclodextrins and antibacterial agents in title or abstract, and the total study search was conducted over a period up to October 2022. The review was carried out using PubMed, Scopus and Embase databases. A total of 1580 studies were identified, of which 27 articles were selected for discussion in this review. Results: The biological results revealed that the antibacterial effect of the inclusion complexes was extensively improved. Cyclodextrins can enhance the therapeutic effects of antibiotics already existing on the market, natural products and synthetic molecules. Conclusion: Overall, CDs as drug-delivery vehicles have been shown to improve antibiotics solubility, stability, and bioavailability, leading to enhanced antibacterial activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anamaria M Santos
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Sergipe, Aracaju, 49060-100, Sergipe, Brazil
| | - José Acn Júnior
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Sergipe,São Cristóvão, 49060-100, Sergipe, Brazil
| | - Silvia Vs Cézar
- Department of Pharmacy,Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, 49060-100, Sergipe, Brazil
| | - Adriano As Araújo
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Sergipe, Aracaju, 49060-100, Sergipe, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Sergipe,São Cristóvão, 49060-100, Sergipe, Brazil
- Department of Pharmacy,Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, 49060-100, Sergipe, Brazil
| | - Lucindo Jq Júnior
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Sergipe, Aracaju, 49060-100, Sergipe, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Sergipe,São Cristóvão, 49060-100, Sergipe, Brazil
| | - Diana M Aragón
- Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá D.C., Colombia
| | - Mairim R Serafini
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Sergipe, Aracaju, 49060-100, Sergipe, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Sergipe,São Cristóvão, 49060-100, Sergipe, Brazil
- Department of Pharmacy,Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, 49060-100, Sergipe, Brazil
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9
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Hou P, Fang J, Liu Z, Shi Y, Agostini M, Bernassola F, Bove P, Candi E, Rovella V, Sica G, Sun Q, Wang Y, Scimeca M, Federici M, Mauriello A, Melino G. Macrophage polarization and metabolism in atherosclerosis. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:691. [PMID: 37863894 PMCID: PMC10589261 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-06206-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by the accumulation of fatty deposits in the inner walls of vessels. These plaques restrict blood flow and lead to complications such as heart attack or stroke. The development of atherosclerosis is influenced by a variety of factors, including age, genetics, lifestyle, and underlying health conditions such as high blood pressure or diabetes. Atherosclerotic plaques in stable form are characterized by slow growth, which leads to luminal stenosis, with low embolic potential or in unstable form, which contributes to high risk for thrombotic and embolic complications with rapid clinical onset. In this complex scenario of atherosclerosis, macrophages participate in the whole process, including the initiation, growth and eventually rupture and wound healing stages of artery plaque formation. Macrophages in plaques exhibit high heterogeneity and plasticity, which affect the evolving plaque microenvironment, e.g., leading to excessive lipid accumulation, cytokine hyperactivation, hypoxia, apoptosis and necroptosis. The metabolic and functional transitions of plaque macrophages in response to plaque microenvironmental factors not only influence ongoing and imminent inflammatory responses within the lesions but also directly dictate atherosclerotic progression or regression. In this review, we discuss the origin of macrophages within plaques, their phenotypic diversity, metabolic shifts, and fate and the roles they play in the dynamic progression of atherosclerosis. It also describes how macrophages interact with other plaque cells, particularly T cells. Ultimately, targeting pathways involved in macrophage polarization may lead to innovative and promising approaches for precision medicine. Further insights into the landscape and biological features of macrophages within atherosclerotic plaques may offer valuable information for optimizing future clinical treatment for atherosclerosis by targeting macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengbo Hou
- Department of Experimental Medicine, TOR, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Institutes for Translational Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jiankai Fang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Institutes for Translational Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Zhanhong Liu
- Department of Experimental Medicine, TOR, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Institutes for Translational Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yufang Shi
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Institutes for Translational Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Massimiliano Agostini
- Department of Experimental Medicine, TOR, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Bernassola
- Department of Experimental Medicine, TOR, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Pierluigi Bove
- Department of Experimental Medicine, TOR, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Eleonora Candi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, TOR, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Valentina Rovella
- Department of System Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Sica
- Department of Experimental Medicine, TOR, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Qiang Sun
- Department of Experimental Medicine, TOR, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Institutes for Translational Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Experimental Medicine, TOR, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Institutes for Translational Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Manuel Scimeca
- Department of Experimental Medicine, TOR, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Massimo Federici
- Department of System Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.
| | - Alessandro Mauriello
- Department of Experimental Medicine, TOR, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.
| | - Gerry Melino
- Department of Experimental Medicine, TOR, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.
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10
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Zhu L, Li H, Li J, Zhong Y, Wu S, Yan M, Ni S, Zhang K, Wang G, Qu K, Yang D, Qin X, Wu W. Biomimetic nanoparticles to enhance the reverse cholesterol transport for selectively inhibiting development into foam cell in atherosclerosis. J Nanobiotechnology 2023; 21:307. [PMID: 37644442 PMCID: PMC10463892 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-023-02040-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
A disorder of cholesterol homeostasis is one of the main initiating factors in the progression of atherosclerosis (AS). Metabolism and removal of excess cholesterol facilitates the prevention of foam cell formation. However, the failure of treatment with drugs (e.g. methotrexate, MTX) to effectively regulate progression of disease may be related to the limited drug bioavailability and rapid clearance by immune system. Thus, based on the inflammatory lesion "recruitment" properties of macrophages, MTX nanoparticles (MTX NPs) camouflaged with macrophage membranes (MM@MTX NPs) were constructed for the target to AS plaques. MM@MTX NPs exhibited a uniform hydrodynamic size around ~ 360 nm and controlled drug release properties (~ 72% at 12 h). After the macrophage membranes (MM) functionalized "homing" target delivery to AS plaques, MM@MTX NPs improved the solubility of cholesterol by the functionalized β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) component and significantly elevate cholesterol efflux by the loaded MTX mediated the increased expression levels of ABCA1, SR-B1, CYP27A1, resulting in efficiently inhibiting the formation of foam cells. Furthermore, MM@MTX NPs could significantly reduce the area of plaque, aortic plaque and cholesterol crystals deposition in ApoE-/- mice and exhibited biocompatibility. It is suggested that MM@MTX NPs were a safe and efficient therapeutic platform for AS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhu
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Hongjiao Li
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 404100, China
| | - Jiyu Li
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Yuan Zhong
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Shuai Wu
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Meng Yan
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Sheng Ni
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Kun Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
- Chongqing University, Three Gorges Hospital, Chongqing, 404000, China
| | - Guixue Wang
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
- Jin Feng Laboratory, Chongqing, 401329, China
| | - Kai Qu
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China.
- Chongqing University, Three Gorges Hospital, Chongqing, 404000, China.
| | - Deqin Yang
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 404100, China.
| | - Xian Qin
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China.
- Chongqing University, Three Gorges Hospital, Chongqing, 404000, China.
| | - Wei Wu
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China.
- Jin Feng Laboratory, Chongqing, 401329, China.
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11
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Tong F, Zhou Y, Xu Y, Chen Y, Yudintceva N, Shevtsov M, Gao H. Supramolecular nanomedicines based on host-guest interactions of cyclodextrins. EXPLORATION (BEIJING, CHINA) 2023; 3:20210111. [PMID: 37933241 PMCID: PMC10624390 DOI: 10.1002/exp.20210111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
In the biomedical and pharmaceutical fields, cyclodextrin (CD) is undoubtedly one of the most frequently used macrocyclic compounds as the host molecule because it has good biocompatibility and can increase the solubility, bioavailability, and stability of hydrophobic drug guests. In this review, we generalized the unique properties of CDs, CD-related supramolecular nanocarriers, supramolecular controlled release systems, and targeting systems based on CDs, and introduced the paradigms of these nanomedicines. In addition, we also discussed the prospects and challenges of CD-based supramolecular nanomedicines to facilitate the development and clinical translation of these nanomedicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Tong
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery SystemsWest China School of PharmacySichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Yang Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery SystemsWest China School of PharmacySichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Yanyan Xu
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery SystemsWest China School of PharmacySichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Yuxiu Chen
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery SystemsWest China School of PharmacySichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Natalia Yudintceva
- Institute of Cytology of the Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS)St. PetersburgRussia
| | - Maxim Shevtsov
- Institute of Cytology of the Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS)St. PetersburgRussia
| | - Huile Gao
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery SystemsWest China School of PharmacySichuan UniversityChengduChina
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12
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Liu C, Tian Y, Ma Z, Zhou L. Pickering Emulsion Stabilized by β-Cyclodextrin and Cinnamaldehyde/β-Cyclodextrin Composite. Foods 2023; 12:2366. [PMID: 37372577 DOI: 10.3390/foods12122366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
A Pickering emulsion was prepared using β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) and a cinnamaldehyde (CA)/β-CD composite as emulsifiers and corn oil, camellia oil, lard oil, and fish oil as oil phases. It was confirmed that Pickering emulsions prepared with β-CD and CA/β-CD had good storage stability. The rheological experiments showed that all emulsions had G' values higher than G″, thus confirming their gel properties. The results of temperature scanning rheology experiments revealed that the Pickering emulsion prepared with β-CD and CA/β-CD composites had high stability, in the range of 20-65 °C. The chewing properties of Pickering emulsions prepared by β-CD and corn oil, camellia oil, lard, and herring oil were 8.02 ± 0.24 N, 7.94 ± 0.16 N, 36.41 ± 1.25 N, and 5.17 ± 0.13 N, respectively. The chewing properties of Pickering emulsions made with the CA/β-CD composite and corn oil, camellia oil, lard, and herring oil were 2.51 ± 0.05 N, 2.56 ± 0.05 N, 22.67 ± 1.70 N, 3.83 ± 0.29 N, respectively. The texture properties confirmed that the CA/β-CD-composite-stabilized-emulsion had superior palatability. After 28 days at 50 °C, malondialdehyde (MDA) was detected in the emulsion. Compared with the β-CD and CA + β-CD emulsion, the CA/β-CD composite emulsion had the lowest content of MDA (182.23 ± 8.93 nmol/kg). The in vitro digestion results showed that the free fatty acid (FFA) release rates of the CA/β-CD composite emulsion (87.49 ± 3.40%) were higher than those of the β-CD emulsion (74.32 ± 2.11%). This strategy provides ideas for expanding the application range of emulsifier particles and developing food-grade Pickering emulsions with antioxidant capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caihua Liu
- College of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Yachao Tian
- College of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Zihan Ma
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Linyi Zhou
- College of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
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13
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Saha ST, Abdulla N, Zininga T, Shonhai A, Wadee R, Kaur M. 2-Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HPβCD) as a Potential Therapeutic Agent for Breast Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:2828. [PMID: 37345165 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15102828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Cholesterol accumulation is documented in various malignancies including breast cancer. Consequently, depleting cholesterol in cancer cells can serve as a viable treatment strategy. We identified the potency of 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HPβCD), a cholesterol-depletor in vitro against two breast cancer cell lines: MCF-7 (Oestrogen-receptor positive, ER+) and MDA-MB-231 (Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC)). The results were then compared against two non-cancerous cell lines using cytotoxic-, apoptosis-, and cholesterol-based assays. Treatment with HPβCD showed preferential and significant cytotoxic potential in cancer cells, inducing apoptosis in both cancer cell lines (p < 0.001). This was mediated due to significant depletion of cholesterol (p < 0.001). We further tested HPβCD in a MF-1 mice (n = 14) xenograft model and obtained 73.9%, 94% and 100% reduction in tumour size for late-, intermediate-, and early-stage TNBC, respectively. We also detected molecular-level perturbations in the expression patterns of several genes linked to breast cancer and cholesterol signalling pathways using RT2-PCR arrays and have identified SFRP1 as a direct binding partner to HPβCD through SPR drug interaction analysis. This work unravels mechanistic insights into HPβCD-induced cholesterol depletion, which leads to intrinsic apoptosis induction. Results from this study potentiate employing cholesterol depletion as a promising unconventional anticancer therapeutic strategy, which warrants future clinical investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sourav Taru Saha
- School of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of the Witwatersrand, Private Bag 3, WITS-2050, Johannesburg 2050, South Africa
| | - Naaziyah Abdulla
- School of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of the Witwatersrand, Private Bag 3, WITS-2050, Johannesburg 2050, South Africa
| | - Tawanda Zininga
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Venda, Private Bag X5050, Thohoyandou 0950, South Africa
- Department of Biochemistry, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch 7600, South Africa
| | - Addmore Shonhai
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Venda, Private Bag X5050, Thohoyandou 0950, South Africa
| | - Reubina Wadee
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, School of Pathology, University of the Witwatersrand/National Health Laboratory Service, Johannesburg 2000, South Africa
| | - Mandeep Kaur
- School of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of the Witwatersrand, Private Bag 3, WITS-2050, Johannesburg 2050, South Africa
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14
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Xie D, Song L, Xiang D, Gao X, Zhao W. Salvianolic acid A alleviates atherosclerosis by inhibiting inflammation through Trc8-mediated 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase degradation. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 112:154694. [PMID: 36804757 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.154694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atherosclerosis is the most prevalent cardiovascular disease and remains the major contributor to death and mortality globally. Salvianolic acid A (SalA) is a water-soluble phenolic acid that benefits atherosclerosis. However, the mechanisms of SalA protecting against atherosclerosis remain unclear. PURPOSE We aimed to determine whether SalA prevents atherosclerosis by modulating 3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase (HMGCR) degradation via the ubiquitin-proteasomal pathway. METHODS The animal and cellular models of atherosclerosis were established by subjecting apolipoprotein E (ApoE) knockout mice to a high-fat diet (HFD) and exposing human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) to oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL), respectively. RESULTS Our results showed that similar to atorvastatin, SalA suppressed atherosclerotic plaque formation, improved serum lipid accumulation, and reduced cholesterol levels in HFD-fed ApoE-/- mice. Moreover, SalA protected HUVECs from ox-LDL-caused cell viability reduction and lipid accumulation. The mechanism study revealed that SalA reduced the production of proinflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-1β, and IL-6, and augmented the generation of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 in ApoE-/- mice and HUVECs, accompanied by increased HMGCR ubiquitination and degradation via translocation in renal carcinoma on chromosome 8 (Trc8), insulin-induced gene (Insig)1 and Insig2. Furthermore, the knockdown of Trc8 abolished the SalA-induced HMGCR degradation and anti-atherosclerosis activity. CONCLUSION SalA rescues atherosclerosis by inhibiting inflammation through the Trc8-regulated degradation of HMGCR. These findings underscore Trc8 as a potential target of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Xie
- Emergency Department, Kunshan Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Kunshan, Jiangsu 215300, China
| | - Lijun Song
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, China
| | - Dongyang Xiang
- Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang 550000, China
| | - Xiangyu Gao
- Emergency Department, Kunshan Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Kunshan, Jiangsu 215300, China.
| | - Wenchang Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Natural Drugs, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524023, China.
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15
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Naeem A, Yu C, Zang Z, Zhu W, Deng X, Guan Y. Synthesis and Evaluation of Rutin–Hydroxypropyl β-Cyclodextrin Inclusion Complexes Embedded in Xanthan Gum-Based (HPMC-g-AMPS) Hydrogels for Oral Controlled Drug Delivery. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12030552. [PMID: 36978800 PMCID: PMC10044933 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12030552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidants play a significant role in causing oxidative stress in the body, which contributes to the development of diseases. Rutin—a powerful antioxidant—may be useful in the prevention and treatment of various diseases by scavenging oxidants and reducing oxidative stress. However, low solubility and oral bioavailability have restricted its use. Due to the hydrophobic nature of rutin, it cannot be easily loaded inside hydrogels. Therefore, first rutin inclusion complexes (RIC) with hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HP-βCD) were prepared to improve its solubility, followed by incorporation into xanthan gum-based (hydroxypropyl methylcellulose-grafted-2-acrylamido -2-methyl-1-propane sulfonic acid) hydrogels for controlled drug release in order to improve the bioavailability. Rutin inclusion complexes and hydrogels were validated by FTIR, XRD, SEM, TGA, and DSC. The highest swelling ratio and drug release occurred at pH 1.2 (28% swelling ratio and 70% drug release) versus pH 7.4 (22% swelling ratio, 65% drug release) after 48 h. Hydrogels showed high porosity (94%) and biodegradation (9% in 1 week in phosphate buffer saline). Moreover, in vitro antioxidative and antibacterial studies (Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Escherichia coli) confirmed the antioxidative and antibacterial potential of the developed hydrogels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abid Naeem
- Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China
- Correspondence: (A.N.); (Y.G.)
| | - Chengqun Yu
- Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China
| | - Zhenzhong Zang
- Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China
| | - Weifeng Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China
| | - Xuezhen Deng
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China
| | - Yongmei Guan
- Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China
- Correspondence: (A.N.); (Y.G.)
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16
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Anticancer potential of curcumin-cyclodextrin complexes and their pharmacokinetic properties. Int J Pharm 2023; 631:122474. [PMID: 36509227 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2022.122474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is one of the most common diseases throughout the world, with many treatment modalities currently being used, and new treatment strategies being sought. Most chemotherapeutic molecules have shown extensive toxicity for normal cells, which leads to severe adverse effects. Chemotherapy may also lead to drug resistance, which is one of the major obstacles to the clinical treatment of cancer. Curcumin, a polyphenolic natural compound, has long been considered a therapeutic molecule for a variety of diseases and possesses anti-cancer, anti-oxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties. However, its use is limited due to its hydrophobic nature, poor solubility in water at acidic or neutral pH, and limited bioavailability at the tumor site. Cyclodextrin complexes of curcumin increase curcumin's water solubility, as well as its physicochemical stability to hydrolysis and photochemical decomposition. The most common type of cyclodextrin used for pharmaceutical preparations is β-cyclodextrin. This review focuses on different curcumin-cyclodextrin formulations and compares their pharmacokinetic parameters and efficacy.
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17
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In silico and in vitro analysis of microRNAs with therapeutic potential in atherosclerosis. Sci Rep 2022; 12:20334. [PMID: 36433987 PMCID: PMC9700707 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-24260-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease in which aberrant lipid metabolism plays a key role. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), micro-coordinators of gene expression, have been recently proposed as novel clinical biomarkers and potential therapeutic tools for a broad spectrum of diseases. This study aimed to identify miRNAs with therapeutic potential in atherosclerosis. Bioinformatic databases, including experimentally validated and computational prediction tools as well as a novel combination method, were used to identify miRNAs that are able to simultaneously inhibit key genes related to the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Further validation of genes and miRNAs was conducted using the STRING online tool, KEGG pathway analysis and DIANA-miRPath. The inhibitory effects of the identified miRNAs in HepG2 and Huh7 cells were verified by real-time PCR. The MTT assay was utilized to evaluate cell cytotoxicity effects of miRNAs. Atherosclerotic drug-targeted genes were selected as key genes. Strong interactions between genes were confirmed using STRING. These genes were shown to be integral to critical pathological processes involved in atherosclerosis. A novel combined method of validated and predicted tools for the identification of effective miRNAs was defined as the combination score (C-Score). Bioinformatic analysis showed that hsa-miR-124-3p and hsa-miR-16-5p possessed the best C-Score (0.68 and 0.62, respectively). KEGG and DIANA-miRPath analysis showed that selected genes and identified miRNAs were involved in atherosclerosis-related pathways. Compared with the controls in both HepG2 and Huh7 cell lines, miR-124 significantly reduced the expression of CETP, PCSK9, MTTP, and APOB, and miR-16 significantly reduced the expression of APOCIII, CETP, HMGCR, PCSK9, MTTP, and APOB, respectively. The cytotoxicity assay showed that miR-124 reduced cell viability, especially after 72 h; however, miR-16 did not show any significant cytotoxicity in either cell line. Our findings indicate that hsa-miR-124 and miR-16 have potential for use as therapeutic candidates in the treatment of atherosclerosis.
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18
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Manzoor MF, Arif Z, Kabir A, Mehmood I, Munir D, Razzaq A, Ali A, Goksen G, Coşier V, Ahmad N, Ali M, Rusu A. Oxidative stress and metabolic diseases: Relevance and therapeutic strategies. Front Nutr 2022; 9:994309. [PMID: 36324618 PMCID: PMC9621294 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.994309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MS) is a prominent cause of death worldwide, posing a threat to the global economy and public health. A mechanism that causes the oxidation of low-density lipoproteins (LDL) is associated with metabolic abnormalities. Various processes are involved in oxidative stress (OS) of lipoprotein. Although the concept of the syndrome has been fiercely debated, this confluence of risk factors is associated with a higher chance of acquiring type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and atherosclerosis. Insulin resistance has been found to play a significant role in the progression of these metabolism-associated conditions. It causes lipid profile abnormalities, including greater sensitivity to lipid peroxidation, contributing to the increased prevalence of T2DM and atherosclerosis. This review aims to cover the most recent scientific developments in dietary OS, the consequence of metabolic disorders, and their most significant clinical manifestations (T2DM and atherosclerosis). It will also emphasize the effects of dietary approaches in alleviating OS in MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Faisal Manzoor
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Intelligent Food Manufacturing, Foshan University, Foshan, China
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zaira Arif
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Asifa Kabir
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Iqra Mehmood
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Danial Munir
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Aqsa Razzaq
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Anwar Ali
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Gulden Goksen
- Department of Food Technology, Vocational School of Technical Sciences at Mersin Tarsus Organized Industrial Zone, Tarsus University, Mersin, Turkey
| | - Viorica Coşier
- Genetics and Genetic Engineering Department, Animal Science and Biotechnology Faculty, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Nazir Ahmad
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
- *Correspondence: Nazir Ahmad
| | - Murtaza Ali
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Intelligent Food Manufacturing, Foshan University, Foshan, China
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
- Murtaza Ali
| | - Alexandru Rusu
- Genetics and Genetic Engineering Department, Animal Science and Biotechnology Faculty, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Life Science Institute, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Alexandru Rusu
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19
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Liu Z, Li B, Song L, Zhang H. Pillar[ n]arene-calix[ m]arene hybrid macrocyclic structures. RSC Adv 2022; 12:28185-28195. [PMID: 36320255 PMCID: PMC9528731 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra05118d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023] Open
Abstract
To reserve planar chirality, enhance molecular recognition, and build advanced self-assemblies, hybrid macrocyclic hosts containing rigid pillar[n]arene and flexible calix[m]arene were designed, prepared and investigated for interesting applications. This review summarizes and discusses different synthetic strategies for constructing hybrid macrocyclic structures. Pillar[n]arene dimer with rigid aromatic double bridges provided the possibility of introducing calix[m]arene cavities, where the planar chirality was reserved in the structure of pillararene. The capacity for molecular recognition was enhanced by hybrid macrocyclic cavities. Interestingly, the obtained pillar[n]arene-calix[m]arene could self-assemble into "channels" and "honeycomb" in both the solid state and solution phase as well as donate the molecular architecture as the wheel for the formation of mechanically interlocked molecules, such as rotaxane. In addition, the pillar[n]arene and calix[m]arene could also be coupled together to produce pillar[n]arene embeded 1,3-alternate and cone conformational calix[m]arene derivatives, which could catalyze the oxidative polymerization of aniline in aqueous solutions. Except for building hybrid cyclophanes by covalent bonds, weak supramolecular interactions were used to prepare pillar[n]arene-calix[m]arene analogous composites with other pillar-like pillar[n]pyridiniums and calix-like calix[m]pyrroles, exhibiting reasonable performances in enhancing molecular recognition and trapping solvent molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaona Liu
- Medical School, Xi'an Peihua University Xi'an 710125 Shaanxi China
| | - Bing Li
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an Shaanxi 710049 China
| | - Leqian Song
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an Shaanxi 710049 China
| | - Huacheng Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an Shaanxi 710049 China
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20
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Gong F, Wang Z, Mo R, Wang Y, Su J, Li X, Omonova CTQ, Khamis AM, Zhang Q, Dong M, Su Z. Nano-sponge-like liposomes remove cholesterol crystals for antiatherosclerosis. J Control Release 2022; 349:940-953. [PMID: 35870569 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Revised: 06/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
Atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases remain the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Cholesterol crystals in atherosclerotic plaques play an essential role in atherosclerosis progression. However, no clinical drugs have been used for removing cholesterol crystals from plaque to counter atherosclerosis. Previous studies identified the hydrophobic domain of lipid bilayer in liposomes acted as sinks for solubilizing hydrophobic cholesterol. Moreover, adjusting the composition of the lipid bilayer in liposomes can enhance its hydrophobic molecule loading capacity. Therefore, in this study, ginsenosides Rb1 (Rb1), one of main active components of ginseng which has a similar structure to cholesterol, is anchored into soy phospholipids bilayer with its hydrophobic region to prepare nano-sponge-like liposomes (Rb1-LPs), aiming to amplify the solubilization of cholesterol in lipid bilayer. For targeting delivery to atherosclerotic plaques, Annexin V (AnxV), a protein that can specifically recognize phosphatidylserine upregulated in atherosclerotic plaques, is applied to decorate the surface of Rb1-LPs by click reaction to obtain the final preparation of AnxV-Rb1-LPs. The in vitro studies showed that incorporating Rb1 into lipid bilayer remarkably increased the affinity of the lipid bilayer to free cholesterol and the solubilization of cholesterol crystals. Additionally, nano-sponge-like liposomes could efficiently reduce the accumulation of cholesterol crystals and improve cholesterol efflux, finally inhibiting inflammation and apoptosis in cholesterol-laden cells. Furthermore, AnxV-Rb1-LPs could efficiently accumulate in atherosclerotic plaques after intravenous injection, exert nano-sponge-like functions to remove intra- and extracellular cholesterol crystals, ultimately alleviating inflammation and apoptosis in atherosclerotic plaques for antiatherosclerosis. Therefore, AnxV-Rb1-LPs provide a potential strategy for removing cholesterol crystals in atherosclerotic plaques and can be further utilized in other diseases with excessive cholesterol accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanglin Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Center of Advanced Pharmaceuticals and Biomaterials, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Zibin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Center of Advanced Pharmaceuticals and Biomaterials, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Rui Mo
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Center of Advanced Pharmaceuticals and Biomaterials, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Yutong Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Jin Su
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Center of Advanced Pharmaceuticals and Biomaterials, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Xianglong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Center of Advanced Pharmaceuticals and Biomaterials, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Charos Tuychi Qizi Omonova
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Center of Advanced Pharmaceuticals and Biomaterials, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Amari Mohamed Khamis
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Center of Advanced Pharmaceuticals and Biomaterials, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Qing Zhang
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Institute of Urology, Nanjing University, PR China.
| | - Mei Dong
- Jiangsu Provincial Enginerring Research Center of TCM External Medication Development and Application, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, PR China; School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, PR China.
| | - Zhigui Su
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Center of Advanced Pharmaceuticals and Biomaterials, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, PR China.
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21
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Li S, Ma R, Hu XY, Li HB, Geng WC, Kong X, Zhang C, Guo DS. Drug in Drug: A Host-Guest Formulation of Azocalixarene with Hydroxychloroquine for Synergistic Anti-Inflammation. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2203765. [PMID: 35680644 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202203765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Macrocyclic delivery and therapeutics are two significant topics in supramolecular biomedicine. The functional integration of these topics would open new avenues for treating diseases synergistically. However, these two individual topics have only been occasionally merged, probably because of the lack of functionalized design of macrocyclic host and the lack of efficient recognition between host and guest drugs. Herein, a "drug-in-drug" strategy is proposed, in which an active drug is encapsulated by a macrocycle possessing therapeutic activity to form a multifunctional supramolecular active pharmaceutical ingredient. As a proof-of-concept, a complex of hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) with sulfonated azocalix[4]arene (HCQ@SAC4A) is prepared to treat rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in a combined fashion. SAC4A is a therapeutic agent that exhibits scavenging capacity for reactive oxygen species and exerts an anti-inflammatory effect. It is also a hypoxia-responsive carrier that can deliver HCQ directly to the inflammatory articular cavity. Consequently, HCQ@SAC4A achieves the synergistic anti-inflammatory effect on both inflamed RAW 264.7 cells and RA rats. This effect is attributed to the temporal and spatial consistency of the two active ingredients of the complex. As a new paradigm for combinational therapy, the drug-in-drug strategy advances in easy preparation, mix-and-match combination, and precise ratiometric control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shihui Li
- College of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials (Ministry of Education), State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Rong Ma
- College of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials (Ministry of Education), State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Xin-Yue Hu
- College of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials (Ministry of Education), State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Hua-Bin Li
- College of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials (Ministry of Education), State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Wen-Chao Geng
- Key Laboratory of Systems Microbial Biotechnology, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308, China
| | - Xianglei Kong
- College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Chao Zhang
- Orthopedics Department, The First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300380, China
| | - Dong-Sheng Guo
- College of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials (Ministry of Education), State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
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22
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Diao H, Cheng J, Huang X, Huang B, Shao X, Zhao J, Lan D, Zhu Q, Yan M, Zhang Y, Rong X, Guo J. The Chinese medicine Fufang Zhenzhu Tiaozhi capsule protects against atherosclerosis by suppressing EndMT via modulating Akt1/β-catenin signaling pathway. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 293:115261. [PMID: 35447198 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Fufang Zhenzhu Tiaozhi (FTZ) is a traditional Chinese herbal prescription that has been used to treat dyslipidemia, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, atherosclerosis, diabetes and its complications in the clinic for almost ten years. Endothelial-mesenchymal transition (EndMT) is the key driver of atherosclerosis. However, the effects of FTZ on endothelial dysfunction and EndMT remain unknown. AIM OF THE STUDY To evaluate the therapeutic effects of FTZ against EndMT and the underlying mechanisms. MATERIALS AND METHODS An in vivo model of atherosclerosis was established by feeding ApoE-/- mice with a high-fat diet (HFD). The body weight, lipid levels, plaque area, lipid deposition and EndMT were evaluated using standard assays 12 weeks after intragastric administration of FTZ and simvastatin. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were treated with oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) to simulate EndMT in vitro. The degree of EndMT was assessed after treating the cells with FTZ or transfection with si-Akt1. The expression levels of genes involved in EndMT were quantified by real-time PCR or western blotting. RESULTS FTZ ameliorated dyslipidemia and endothelial dysfunction in the atherosclerotic mice. In addition, FTZ reduced body weight and the total cholesterol, triglycerides and low-density lipoprotein levels, and increased that of high-density lipoproteins. FTZ also upregulated the expression of endothelial markers (CD31 and VE-cadherin) and decreased that of mesenchymal markers (ɑ-SMA and FSP1), indicating that it inhibits EndMT. Knocking down Akt1 exacerbated EndMT and reversed the therapeutic effect of FTZ. CONCLUSION FTZ delayed atherosclerosis by inhibiting EndMT via the Akt1/β-catenin pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongtao Diao
- Center for Drug Research and Development, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Jiawen Cheng
- Center for Drug Research and Development, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Xueying Huang
- Center for Drug Research and Development, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Bingying Huang
- Center for Drug Research and Development, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Xiaoqi Shao
- Center for Drug Research and Development, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Jingjing Zhao
- Center for Drug Research and Development, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Dingming Lan
- Center for Drug Research and Development, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Qing Zhu
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China, Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Meiling Yan
- Center for Drug Research and Development, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Yue Zhang
- Center for Drug Research and Development, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Xianglu Rong
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China, Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Jiao Guo
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China, Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
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23
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Ren L, Ma XL, Wang HL, Li R, Cui JJ, Yan PJ, Wang YN, Yu XY, Du P, Yu HY, Guo HH, Tang R, Che YS, Zheng WS, Jiang JD, Wang LL. Prebiotic-like cyclodextrin assisted silybin on NAFLD through restoring liver and gut homeostasis. J Control Release 2022; 348:825-840. [PMID: 35752255 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.06.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Revised: 06/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common chronic liver disease with no currently approved treatment. The natural compound silybin (SLN) has versatile hepatoprotective efficacy with negligible adverse effects; however, poor absorption limits its clinical applications. Gut microbiota has been proposed to play a crucial role in the pathophysiology of NAFLD and targeted for disease control. Cyclodextrins, the cyclic oligosaccharides, were documented to have various health benefits with potential prebiotic properties. This study aimed to develop a silybin-2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin inclusion (SHβCD) to improve the therapeutic efficacy of SLN and elucidate the mechanisms of improvement. The results showed that SLN formed a 1:1 stoichiometric inclusion complex with HP-β-CD. The solubility of SLN was increased by generating SHβCD, resulting in improved drug permeability and bioavailability. In high-fat diet (HFD)-fed hamsters, SHβCD modulated gut health by restoring the gut microbiota and intestinal integrity. SHβCD showed superior anti-lipid accumulation, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory effects compared with SLN alone. Transcriptome analysis in the liver tissue implied that the improved inflammation and/or energy homeostasis was the potential mechanism. Therefore, SHβCD may be a promising alternative for the treatment of NAFLD, attributing to the dual functions of HβCD on drug absorption and gut microbial homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Ren
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Xiao-Lei Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Hong-Liang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Rui Li
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Jin-Jin Cui
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Peng-Ju Yan
- JiaMuSi University, Heilongjiang 154007, China
| | - Ya-Nan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Xiao-You Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Peng Du
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Hao-Yang Yu
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Hui-Hui Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Rou Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Yong-Sheng Che
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Wen-Sheng Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China.
| | - Jian-Dong Jiang
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China; State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China.
| | - Lu-Lu Wang
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China.
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24
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Iranshahy M, Banach M, Hasanpour M, Lavie CJ, Sahebkar A. Killing the Culprit: Pharmacological Solutions to Get Rid of Cholesterol Crystals. Curr Probl Cardiol 2022; 47:101274. [PMID: 35661813 DOI: 10.1016/j.cpcardiol.2022.101274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Cholesterol crystals (CCs) play a key role in the pathophysiology of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) via triggering inflammation, plaque formation and subsequently plaque rupture. Although statins can stabilize plaques via calcification and alteration of the lipid composition within plaques, there is still a high residual risk of CVD events among statins users. Several studies have tried to blunt the detrimental effects of cholesterol crystals by pharmacological interventions. Cyclodexterins (CDs) and other nanoformulations, including polymers of CDs and liposomes, have the ability to dissolve CCs in vitro and in vivo. CDs were the first in their class that entered clinical trials and showed promising results, though their ototoxicity outweighed their benefits. Moreover, small molecules with structural similarity to cholesterol may also perturb cholesterol-cholesterol interactions and prevent from expansion of 2D crystalline domains to large 3D CCs. The results from ethyl eicosapentaenoic acid and ursodeoxycholic acid were encouraging and worth further consideration. In this review, the significance of CCs in pathogenesis of CVD is discussed and pharmacological agents with the ability to dissolve CCs or prevent from CCs formation are introduced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milad Iranshahy
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Maciej Banach
- Department of Preventive Cardiology and Lipidology, Chair of Nephrology and Hypertension, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland; Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Zielona Gora, Zielona Gora, Poland
| | - Maede Hasanpour
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Carl J Lavie
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, John Ochsner Heart and Vascular Institute, Ochsner Clinical School -the University of Oueensland School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; School of Medicine, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia; Department of Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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25
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Yuan Y, Nie T, Fang Y, You X, Huang H, Wu J. Stimuli-responsive cyclodextrin-based supramolecular assemblies as drug carriers. J Mater Chem B 2022; 10:2077-2096. [PMID: 35233592 DOI: 10.1039/d1tb02683f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cyclodextrins (CDs) are widely employed in biomedical applications because of their unique structures. Various biomedical applications can be achieved in a spatiotemporally controlled manner by integrating the host-guest chemistry of CDs with stimuli-responsive functions. In this review, we summarize the recent advances in stimuli-responsive supramolecular assemblies based on the host-guest chemistry of CDs. The stimuli considered in this review include endogenous (pH, redox, and enzymes) and exogenous stimuli (light, temperature, and magnetic field). We mainly discuss the mechanisms of the stimuli-responsive ability and present typical designs of the corresponding supramolecular assemblies for drug delivery and other potential biomedical applications. The limitations and perspectives of CD-based stimuli-responsive supramolecular assemblies are discussed to further promote the translation of laboratory products into clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Yuan
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, P. R. China.
| | - Tianqi Nie
- Department of Hematology, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, P. R. China
| | - Yifen Fang
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Second Clinical School of Medicine, Guangzhou, 511436, P. R. China
| | - Xinru You
- Department of Pediatrics, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, P. R. China
| | - Hai Huang
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China.
| | - Jun Wu
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, P. R. China.
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26
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Tian Y, Fopiano KA, Patel VS, Feher A, Bagi Z. Role of Caveolae in the Development of Microvascular Dysfunction and Hyperglycemia in Type 2 Diabetes. Front Physiol 2022; 13:825018. [PMID: 35250626 PMCID: PMC8894849 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.825018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In type 2 diabetes (T2D) microvascular dysfunction can interfere with tissue glucose uptake thereby contributing to the development of hyperglycemia. The cell membrane caveolae orchestrate signaling pathways that include microvascular control of tissue perfusion. In this study, we examined the role of caveolae in the regulation of microvascular vasomotor function under the condition of hyperglycemia in T2D patients and rodent models. Human coronary arterioles were obtained during cardiac surgery from T2D patients, with higher perioperative glucose levels, and from normoglycemic, non-diabetic controls. The coronary arteriole responses to pharmacological agonists bradykinin and acetylcholine were similar in T2D and non-diabetic patients, however, exposure of the isolated arteries to methyl-β-cyclodextrin (mβCD), an agent known to disrupt caveolae, reduced vasodilation to bradykinin selectively in T2D subjects and converted acetylcholine-induced vasoconstriction to dilation similarly in the two groups. Dilation to the vascular smooth muscle acting nitric oxide donor, sodium nitroprusside, was not affected by mβCD in either group. Moreover, mβCD reduced endothelium-dependent arteriolar dilation to a greater extent in hyperglycemic and obese db/db mice than in the non-diabetic controls. Mechanistically, when fed a high-fat diet (HFD), caveolin-1 knockout mice, lacking caveolae, exhibited a significantly reduced endothelium-dependent arteriolar dilation, both ex vivo and in vivo, which was accompanied by significantly higher serum glucose levels, when compared to HFD fed wild type controls. Thus, in T2D arterioles the role of caveolae in regulating endothelium-dependent arteriole dilation is altered, which appears to maintain vasodilation and mitigate the extent of hyperglycemia. While caveolae play a unique role in microvascular vasomotor regulation, under the condition of hyperglycemia arterioles from T2D subjects appear to be more susceptible for caveolae disruption-associated vasomotor dysfunction and impaired glycemic control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanna Tian
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - Katie Anne Fopiano
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - Vijay S. Patel
- Department of Surgery, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - Attila Feher
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - Zsolt Bagi
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
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27
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Liu S, Zhao Y, Shen M, Hao Y, Wu X, Yao Y, Li Y, Yang Q. Hyaluronic acid targeted and pH-responsive multifunctional nanoparticles for chemo-photothermal synergistic therapy of atherosclerosis. J Mater Chem B 2022; 10:562-570. [PMID: 34982089 DOI: 10.1039/d1tb02000e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a global disease with an extremely high morbidity and fatality rate, so it is necessary to develop effective treatments to reduce its impact. In this work, we successfully prepared a multifunctional drug-loaded nano-delivery system with pH-responsive, CD44-targeted, and chemical-photothermal synergistic treatment. Dendritic mesoporous silica nanoparticles capped with copper sulfide (CuS) were synthesized via an oil-water biphase stratification reaction system; these served as the carrier material and encapsulated the anticoagulant drug heparin (Hep). The pH-sensitive Schiff base bond was used as a gatekeeper and targeting agent to modify hyaluronic acid (HA) on the surface of the nanocarrier. HA coating endowed the nanocomposite with the ability to respond to pH and target CD44-positive inflammatory macrophages. Based on this multifunctional nanocomposite, we achieved precise drug delivery, controlled drug release, and chemical-photothermal synergistic treatment of atherosclerosis. The in vitro drug release results showed that the nanocarriers exhibited excellent drug-controlled release properties, and could release drugs in the weakly acidic microenvironment of atherosclerotic inflammation. Cytotoxicity and cell uptake experiments indicated that nanocarriers had low cytotoxicity against RAW 264.7 cells. Modification of HA to nanocarriers can be effectively internalized by RAW 264.7 cells stimulated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Combining CuS photothermal treatment with anti-atherosclerosis chemotherapy showed better effects than single treatment in vitro and in vivo. In summary, our research proved that H-CuS@DMSN-NC-HA has broad application prospects in anti-atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shun Liu
- College of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of High Performance Plastics, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China.
| | - Yun Zhao
- China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130031, P. R. China
| | - Meili Shen
- College of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of High Performance Plastics, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China.
| | - Yujiao Hao
- Department of Polymer Science, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Xiaodong Wu
- College of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of High Performance Plastics, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China.
| | - Yixuan Yao
- College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Yapeng Li
- College of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of High Performance Plastics, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China.
| | - Qingbiao Yang
- College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China.,Key Laboratory of Lymphatic Surgery Jilin Province, Engineering Laboratory of Lymphatic Surgery Jilin Province, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130031, P. R. China
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28
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Wang Y, Zhang Y, Li PC, Guo J, Huo F, Yang J, Jia R, Wang J, Huang Q, Theodorescu D, Yu H, Yan C. Development of novel aptamer-based targeted chemotherapy for bladder cancer. Cancer Res 2022; 82:1128-1139. [DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-21-2691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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29
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Luo Y, Guo Y, Wang H, Yu M, Hong K, Li D, Li R, Wen B, Hu D, Chang L, Zhang J, Yang B, Sun D, Schwendeman AS, Eugene Chen Y. Phospholipid nanoparticles: Therapeutic potentials against atherosclerosis via reducing cholesterol crystals and inhibiting inflammation. EBioMedicine 2021; 74:103725. [PMID: 34879325 PMCID: PMC8654800 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2021.103725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 11/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Atherosclerosis-related cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of mortality worldwide. Cholesterol crystals (CCs) induce inflammation in atherosclerosis and are associated with unstable plaques and poor prognosis, but no drug can remove CCs in the clinic currently. Methods We generated a phospholipid-based and high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-like nanoparticle, miNano, and determined CC-dissolving capacity, cholesterol efflux property, and anti-inflammation effects of miNano in vitro. Both normal C57BL/6J and Apoe-deficient mice were used to explore the accumulation of miNano in atherosclerotic plaques. The efficacy and safety of miNano administration to treat atherosclerosis were evaluated in the Ldlr-deficient atherosclerosis model. The CC-dissolving capacity of miNano was also detected using human atherosclerotic plaques ex vivo. Findings We found that miNano bound to and dissolved CCs efficiently in vitro, and miNano accumulated in atherosclerotic plaques, co-localized with CCs and macrophages in vivo. Administration of miNano inhibited atherosclerosis and improved plaque stability by reducing CCs and macrophages in Ldlr-deficient mice with favorable safety profiles. In macrophages, miNano prevented foam cell formation by enhancing cholesterol efflux and suppressed inflammatory responses via inhibiting TLR4-NF-κB pathway. Finally, in an ex vivo experiment, miNano effectively dissolved CCs in human aortic atherosclerotic plaques. Interpretation Together, our work finds that phospholipid-based and HDL-like nanoparticle, miNano, has the potential to treat atherosclerosis by targeting CCs and stabilizing plaques. Funding This work was supported by the National Institutes of Health HL134569, HL109916, HL136231, and HL137214 to Y.E.C, HL138139 to J.Z., R21NS111191 to A.S., by the American Heart Association 15SDG24470155, Grant Awards (U068144 from Bio-interfaces and G024404 from M-BRISC) at the University of Michigan to Y.G., by the American Heart Association 19PRE34400017 and Rackham Helen Wu award to M.Y., NIH T32 GM07767 to K. H., Barbour Fellowship to D.L.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonghong Luo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan Province, China
| | - Yanhong Guo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
| | - Huilun Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Minzhi Yu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Kristen Hong
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Dan Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Ruiting Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Bo Wen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Die Hu
- Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan Province, China
| | - Lin Chang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Jifeng Zhang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Bo Yang
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Duxin Sun
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Anna S Schwendeman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
| | - Y Eugene Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Cardiac Surgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
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Baumer Y, McCurdy SG, Boisvert WA. Formation and Cellular Impact of Cholesterol Crystals in Health and Disease. Adv Biol (Weinh) 2021; 5:e2100638. [PMID: 34590446 PMCID: PMC11055929 DOI: 10.1002/adbi.202100638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Revised: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Cholesterol crystals (CCs) were first discovered in atherosclerotic plaque tissue in the early 1900 and have since been observed and implicated in many diseases and conditions, including myocardial infarction, abdominal aortic aneurism, kidney disease, ocular diseases, and even central nervous system anomalies. Despite the widespread involvement of CCs in many pathologies, the mechanisms involved in their formation and their role in various diseases are still not fully understood. Current knowledge concerning the formation of CCs, as well as the molecular pathways activated upon cellular exposure to CCs, will be explored in this review. As CC formation is tightly associated with lipid metabolism, the role of cellular lipid homeostasis in the formation of CCs is highlighted, including the role of lysosomes. In addition, cellular pathways and processes known to be affected by CCs are described. In particular, CC-induced activation of the inflammasome and production of reactive oxygen species, along with the role of CCs in complement-mediated inflammation is discussed. Moreover, the clinical manifestation of embolized CCs is described with a focus on renal and skin diseases associated with CC embolism. Lastly, potential therapeutic measures that target either the formation of CCs or their impact on different cell types and tissues are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yvonne Baumer
- Social Determinants of Obesity and Cardiovascular Risk Laboratory, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Building 10, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA
| | - Sara G. McCurdy
- Dept. of Medicine, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Street, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - William A. Boisvert
- Center for Cardiovascular Research, University of Hawaii, 651 Ilalo Street, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA
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Pandey S, Xiang Y, Walpita Kankanamalage DVD, Jayawickramarajah J, Leng Y, Mao H. Measurement of Single-Molecule Forces in Cholesterol and Cyclodextrin Host-Guest Complexes. J Phys Chem B 2021; 125:11112-11121. [PMID: 34523939 PMCID: PMC8788999 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.1c03916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Biological host molecules such as β-cyclodextrins (β-CDs) have been used to remove cholesterol guests from membranes and artery plaques. In this work, we calibrated the host-guest intermolecular mechanical forces (IMMFs) between cholesterol and cyclodextrin complexes by combining single-molecule force spectroscopy in optical tweezers and computational molecular simulations for the first time. Compared to native β-CD, methylated beta cyclodextrins complexed with cholesterols demonstrated higher mechanical stabilities due to the loss of more high-energy water molecules inside the methylated β-CD cavities. This result is consistent with the finding that methylated β-CD is more potent at solubilizing cholesterols than β-CD, suggesting that the IMMF can serve as a novel indicator to evaluate the solubility of small molecules such as cholesterols. Importantly, we found that the force spectroscopy measured in such biological host-guest complexes is direction-dependent: pulling from the alkyl end of the cholesterol molecule resulted in a larger IMMF than that from the hydroxyl end of the cholesterol molecule. Molecular dynamics coupled with umbrella sampling simulations further revealed that cholesterol molecules tend to enter or leave from the wide opening of cyclodextrins. Such an orientation rationalizes that cyclodextrins are rather efficient at extracting cholesterols from the phospholipid bilayer in which hydroxyl groups of cholesterols are readily exposed to the hydrophobic cavities of cyclodextrins. We anticipate that the IMMF measured by both experimental and computational force spectroscopy measurements help elucidate solubility mechanisms not only for cholesterols in different environments but also to host-guest systems in general, which have been widely exploited for their solubilization properties in drug delivery, for example.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shankar Pandey
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, and Advanced Materials and Liquid Crystal Institute, Kent State University, Kent, OH, 44242
| | - Yuan Xiang
- School of Engineering and Applied Science, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA
| | | | | | - Yongsheng Leng
- School of Engineering and Applied Science, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA
| | - Hanbin Mao
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, and Advanced Materials and Liquid Crystal Institute, Kent State University, Kent, OH, 44242
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Cyclodextrin Polymers as Delivery Systems for Targeted Anti-Cancer Chemotherapy. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26196046. [PMID: 34641590 PMCID: PMC8512365 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26196046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
In the few last years, nanosystems have emerged as a potential therapeutic approach to improve the efficacy and selectivity of many drugs. Cyclodextrins (CyDs) and their nanoparticles have been widely investigated as drug delivery systems. The covalent functionalization of CyD polymer nanoparticles with targeting molecules can improve the therapeutic potential of this family of nanosystems. In this study, we investigated cross-linked γ- and β-cyclodextrin polymers as carriers for doxorubicin (ox) and oxaliplatin (Oxa). We also functionalized γ-CyD polymer bearing COOH functionalities with arginine-glycine-aspartic or arginine moieties for targeting the integrin receptors of cancer cells. We tested the Dox and Oxa anti-proliferative activity in the presence of the precursor polymer with COOH functionalities and its derivatives in A549 (lung, carcinoma) and HepG2 (liver, carcinoma) cell lines. We found that CyD polymers can significantly improve the antiproliferative activity of Dox in HepG2 cell lines only, whereas the cytotoxic activity of Oxa resulted as enhanced in both cell lines. The peptide or amino acid functionalized CyD polymers, loaded with Dox, did not show any additional effect compared to the precursor polymer. Finally, studies of Dox uptake showed that the higher antiproliferative activity of complexes correlates with the higher accumulation of Dox inside the cells. The results show that CyD polymers could be used as carriers for repositioning classical anticancer drugs such as Dox or Oxa to increase their antitumor activity.
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Jug M, Yoon BK, Jackman JA. Cyclodextrin-based Pickering emulsions: functional properties and drug delivery applications. J INCL PHENOM MACRO 2021; 101:31-50. [PMID: 34366706 PMCID: PMC8330820 DOI: 10.1007/s10847-021-01097-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Cyclodextrins (CDs) are biocompatible, cyclic oligosaccharides that are widely used in various industrial applications and have intriguing interfacial science properties. While CD molecules typically have low surface activity, they are capable of stabilizing emulsions by inclusion complexation of oil-phase components at the oil/water interface, which results in Pickering emulsion formation. Such surfactant-free formulations have gained considerable attention in recent years, owing to their enhanced physical stability, improved tolerability, and superior environmental compatibility compared to conventional, surfactant-based emulsions. In this review, we critically describe the latest insights into the molecular mechanisms involved in CD stabilization of Pickering emulsions, including covering practical aspects such as methods to prepare CD-based Pickering emulsions, lipid encapsulation, and relevant stability issues. In addition, the rheological and textural features of CD-based Pickering emulsions are discussed and particular attention is focused on promising examples for drug delivery, cosmetic, and nutraceutical applications. The functionality of currently developed CD-based Pickering emulsions is also summarised, including examples such as antifungal uses, and we close by discussing emerging possibilities to utilize the molecular encapsulation of CD-based emulsions for translational medicine applications in the antiviral and antibacterial spaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Jug
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, A. Kovačića 1, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Bo Kyeong Yoon
- School of Chemical Engineering and Biomedical Institute for Convergence at SKKU (BICS), Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419 Republic of Korea
| | - Joshua A. Jackman
- School of Chemical Engineering and Biomedical Institute for Convergence at SKKU (BICS), Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419 Republic of Korea
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Mu D, Wang W, Li J, Lv P, Liu R, Tan Y, Zhong C, Qi Y, Sun X, Liu Y, Shen S, Li Y, Xu B, Zhang B. Ultrasmall Fe(III)-Tannic Acid Nanoparticles To Prevent Progression of Atherosclerotic Plaques. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:33915-33925. [PMID: 34279905 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c09480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Macrophage accumulation is central to the pathogenesis of atherosclerotic plaques. Reducing macrophages in plaques is an appealing approach to attenuate the development of atherosclerosis. Chemodynamic therapy, specifically inhibiting hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-rich cells in slightly acidic microenvironment, has emerged as a new method in tumor treatment. Herein, we manufactured ultrasmall dopamine-modified hyaluronic acid (HD)-stabilized Fe(III)-tannic acid nanoparticles (HFTNPs). HFTNPs can specifically accumulate in inflammatory macrophages in atherosclerotic plaques, provide brighter magnetic resonance images, promote reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, and induce the death of inflammatory macrophages without damaging normal cells and tissues. In conclusion, HFTNPs have a tremendous potential as safe and effective diagnostic and therapeutic reagents for atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Mu
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Wenshen Wang
- National Lab for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and the Centers for Biomedical Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China
| | - Jianhui Li
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Pin Lv
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Renyuan Liu
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Ying Tan
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Chongxia Zhong
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Yu Qi
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Xuan Sun
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Yihai Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Song Shen
- Department of Cardiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Yuyu Li
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Biao Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, China
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Bing Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, China
- Institute of Brain Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, China
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Sellaoui L, Badawi M, Monari A, Tatarchuk T, Jemli S, Luiz Dotto G, Bonilla-Petriciolet A, Chen Z. Make it clean, make it safe: A review on virus elimination via adsorption. CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL (LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND : 1996) 2021; 412:128682. [PMID: 33776550 PMCID: PMC7983426 DOI: 10.1016/j.cej.2021.128682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Recently, the potential dangers of viral infection transmission through water and air have become the focus of worldwide attention, via the spread of COVID-19 pandemic. The occurrence of large-scale outbreaks of dangerous infections caused by unknown pathogens and the isolation of new pandemic strains require the development of improved methods of viruses' inactivation. Viruses are not stable self-sustaining living organisms and are rapidly inactivated on isolated surfaces. However, water resources and air can participate in the pathogens' diffusion, stabilization, and transmission. Viruses inactivation and elimination by adsorption are relevant since they can represent an effective and low-cost method to treat fluids, and hence limit the spread of pathogen agents. This review analyzed the interaction between viruses and carbon-based, oxide-based, porous materials and biological materials (e.g., sulfated polysaccharides and cyclodextrins). It will be shown that these adsorbents can play a relevant role in the viruses removal where water and air purification mostly occurring via electrostatic interactions. However, a clear systematic vision of the correlation between the surface potential and the adsorption capacity of the different filters is still lacking and should be provided to achieve a better comprehension of the global phenomenon. The rationalization of the adsorption capacity may be achieved through a proper physico-chemical characterization of new adsorbents, including molecular modeling and simulations, also considering the adsorption of virus-like particles on their surface. As a most timely perspective, the results on this review present potential solutions to investigate coronaviruses and specifically SARS-CoV-2, responsible of the COVID-19 pandemic, whose spread can be limited by the efficient disinfection and purification of closed-spaces air and urban waters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lotfi Sellaoui
- Department of Environmental Engineering, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage, Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry and Service Failure, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, PR China
| | - Michael Badawi
- Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie Théoriques LPCT UMR CNRS 7019, Université de Lorraine, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Antonio Monari
- Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie Théoriques LPCT UMR CNRS 7019, Université de Lorraine, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Tetiana Tatarchuk
- Educational and Scientific Center of Materials Science and Nanotechnology, Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University, Ivano-Frankivsk 76018, Ukraine
| | - Sonia Jemli
- Laboratory of Microbial Biotechnology, Enzymatic and Biomolecules (LMBEB), Centre of Biotechnology of Sfax, University of Sfax, Tunisia
- Faculty of Sciences of Sfax, Biology Department, University of Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Guilherme Luiz Dotto
- Chemical Engineering Department, Federal University of Santa Maria-UFSM, 1000, Roraima Avenue, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | | | - Zhuqi Chen
- Department of Environmental Engineering, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage, Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry and Service Failure, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, PR China
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Muruganantham S, Krishnaswami V, Alagarsamy S, Kandasamy R. Anti-platelet Drug-loaded Targeted Technologies for the Effective Treatment of Atherothrombosis. Curr Drug Targets 2021; 22:399-419. [PMID: 33109044 DOI: 10.2174/1389450121666201027125303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Atherothrombosis results from direct interaction between atherosclerotic plaque and arterial thrombosis and is the most common type of cardiovascular disease. As a long term progressive disease, atherosclerosis frequently results in an acute atherothrombotic event through plaque rupture and platelet-rich thrombus formation. The pathophysiology of atherothrombosis involves cholesterol accumulation endothelial dysfunction, dyslipidemia, immuno-inflammatory, and apoptotic aspects. Platelet activation and aggregation is the major cause for stroke because of its roles, including thrombus, contributing to atherosclerotic plaque, and sealing off the bleeding vessel. Platelet aggregates are associated with arterial blood pressure and cardiovascular ischemic events. Under normal physiological conditions, when a blood vessel is damaged, the task of platelets within the circulation is to arrest the blood loss. Antiplatelet inhibits platelet function, thereby decreasing thrombus formation with complementary modes of action to prevent atherothrombosis. In the present scientific scenario, researchers throughout the world are focusing on the development of novel drug delivery systems to enhance patient's compliance. Immediate responding pharmaceutical formulations become an emerging trend in the pharmaceutical industries with better patient compliance. The proposed review provides details related to the molecular pathogenesis of atherothrombosis and recent novel formulation approaches to treat atherothrombosis with particular emphasis on commercial formulation and upcoming technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selvakumar Muruganantham
- Centre for Excellence in Nanobio Translational Research (CENTRE), Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, University College of Engineering, Anna University, BIT Campus, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Venkateshwaran Krishnaswami
- Centre for Excellence in Nanobio Translational Research (CENTRE), Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, University College of Engineering, Anna University, BIT Campus, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Shanmugarathinam Alagarsamy
- Centre for Excellence in Nanobio Translational Research (CENTRE), Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, University College of Engineering, Anna University, BIT Campus, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ruckmani Kandasamy
- Centre for Excellence in Nanobio Translational Research (CENTRE), Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, University College of Engineering, Anna University, BIT Campus, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India
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Nicolosi M, Bellia F, Giuffrida ML, Zimbone S, Oliveri V, Vecchio G. Synthesis and biological evaluation of novel β-cyclodextrin-fluvastatin conjugates. RESULTS IN CHEMISTRY 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rechem.2021.100230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Li X, Ji H, Bai Y, Jin Z. Development of pullulanase mutants to enhance starch substrate utilization for efficient production of β-CD. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 168:640-648. [PMID: 33220368 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.11.120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Revised: 11/01/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The inhibitory effect of β-CD on pullulanase which hydrolyzes α-1,6 glycosidic bond in starch to release more available linear substrates, limited substrate utilization thus influencing the yield of β-CD. Here, an aspartic acid residue (D465) which interacted with cyclodextrin ligand by hydrogen bond, was mutated to explore its contribution to bind inhibitors and obtain mutants with lower affinity to β-CD. Enzyme activity results showed that mutants D465E and D465N retained higher activity than wild-type pullulanase in presence of 10 mM β-CD. Circular dichroism spectra and fluorescence spectra results showed that D465 was related to structure stability. Chain length distribution results confirmed the improvement of substrate utilization by the addition of D465E. The conversion rate from potato starch, cassava starch, and corn starch into β-CD, increased to 56.9%, 55.4% and 54.7%, respectively, when synchronous using β-CGTase and D465E in the production process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxiao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Hangyan Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Yuxiang Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China.
| | - Zhengyu Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
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Biochanin A Mitigates Atherosclerosis by Inhibiting Lipid Accumulation and Inflammatory Response. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:8965047. [PMID: 33959213 PMCID: PMC8074550 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8965047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Revised: 09/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Biochanin A (BCA), a dietary isoflavone extracted from red clover and cabbage, has been shown to antagonize hypertension and myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury. However, very little is known about its role in atherogenesis. The aim of this study was to observe the effects of BCA on atherosclerosis and explore the underlying mechanisms. Our results showed that administration of BCA promoted reverse cholesterol transport (RCT), improved plasma lipid profile, and decreased serum proinflammatory cytokine levels and atherosclerotic lesion area in apoE-/- mice fed a Western diet. In THP-1 macrophage-derived foam cells, treatment with BCA upregulated ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter A1 (ABCA1) and ABCG1 expression and facilitated subsequent cholesterol efflux and diminished intracellular cholesterol contents by activating the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ)/liver X receptor α (LXRα) and PPARγ/heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) pathways. BCA also activated these two signaling pathways to inhibit the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines. Taken together, these findings suggest that BCA is protective against atherosclerosis by inhibiting lipid accumulation and inflammatory response through the PPARγ/LXRα and PPARγ/HO-1 pathways. BCA may be an attractive drug for the prevention and treatment of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease.
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Matencio A, Caldera F, Cecone C, López-Nicolás JM, Trotta F. Cyclic Oligosaccharides as Active Drugs, an Updated Review. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2020; 13:E281. [PMID: 33003610 PMCID: PMC7601923 DOI: 10.3390/ph13100281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2020] [Revised: 09/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
There have been many reviews of the cyclic oligosaccharide cyclodextrin (CD) and CD-based materials used for drug delivery, but the capacity of CDs to complex different agents and their own intrinsic properties suggest they might also be considered for use as active drugs, not only as carriers. The aim of this review is to summarize the direct use of CDs as drugs, without using its complexing potential with other substances. The direct application of another oligosaccharide called cyclic nigerosyl-1,6-nigerose (CNN) is also described. The review is divided into lipid-related diseases, aggregation diseases, antiviral and antiparasitic activities, anti-anesthetic agent, function in diet, removal of organic toxins, CDs and collagen, cell differentiation, and finally, their use in contact lenses in which no drug other than CDs are involved. In the case of CNN, its application as a dietary supplement and immunological modulator is explained. Finally, a critical structure-activity explanation is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrián Matencio
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Torino, via P. Giuria 7, 10125 Torino, Italy; (F.C.); (C.C.); (F.T.)
| | - Fabrizio Caldera
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Torino, via P. Giuria 7, 10125 Torino, Italy; (F.C.); (C.C.); (F.T.)
| | - Claudio Cecone
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Torino, via P. Giuria 7, 10125 Torino, Italy; (F.C.); (C.C.); (F.T.)
| | - José Manuel López-Nicolás
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular A, Unidad Docente de Biología, Facultad de Veterinaria, Regional Campus of International Excellence “Campus Mare Nostrum”, Universidad de Murcia, 30100 Espinardo, Murcia, Spain;
| | - Francesco Trotta
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Torino, via P. Giuria 7, 10125 Torino, Italy; (F.C.); (C.C.); (F.T.)
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