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Mahboubi-Rabbani M, Abdolghaffari AH, Ghesmati M, Amini A, Zarghi A. Selective COX-2 inhibitors as anticancer agents: a patent review (2018-2023). Expert Opin Ther Pat 2024; 34:733-757. [PMID: 38958471 DOI: 10.1080/13543776.2024.2373771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION COX-2 is a crucial enzyme in the manufacture of prostaglandins. The enzyme's metabolites might have an important function as regulators of the inflammatory response and other medical conditions such as cancer. Selective COX-2 inhibitors are believed to enhance or reverse the response of cancer chemotherapeutics. AREAS COVERED This study addresses the chemical structures as well as the antitumor activity of new COX-2 inhibitors produced in the recent five years, aiming to provide an insight into the mechanism of COX-2 induced PGE2 powerful signal in cancer development. EXPERT OPINION The significance of selective COX-2 inhibitors as an efficient superfamily of compounds with anti-inflammatory, anti-Alzheimer's, anti-Parkinson's disease, and anticancer properties has piqued the passion of academics in the field of drug development. Long-term usage of selective COX-2 inhibitors, such as celecoxib has been proven in clinical trials to lower the incidence of several human malignancies. Furthermore, celecoxib has the potential to greatly increase the effectiveness of chemotherapy. Our extensive understanding of selective COX-2 inhibitor SAR may aid in the development of safer and more effective selective COX-2 inhibitors as cancer chemopreventive agents. This review focuses on the different structural classes of selective COX-2 inhibitors, with a particular emphasis on their SAR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Mahboubi-Rabbani
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Hossein Abdolghaffari
- Department of Toxicology & Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
- GI Pharmacology Interest Group (GPIG), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahsa Ghesmati
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Amini
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Afshin Zarghi
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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2
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Yıldız MT, Osmaniye D, Saglik BN, Levent S, Kurnaz R, Ozkay Y, Kaplancıklı ZA. Synthesis, molecular dynamics simulation, and evaluation of biological activity of novel flurbiprofen and ibuprofen-like compounds. J Mol Recognit 2024:e3089. [PMID: 38894531 DOI: 10.1002/jmr.3089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
The frequent use of anti-inflammatory drugs and the side effects of existing drugs keep the need for new compounds constant. For this purpose, flurbiprofen and ibuprofen-like compounds, which are frequently used anti-inflammatory compounds in this study, were synthesized and their structures were elucidated. Like ibuprofen and flurbiprofen, the compounds contain a residue of phenylacetic acid. On the other hand, it contains a secondary amine residue. Thus, it is planned to reduce the acidity, which is the biggest side effect of NSAI drugs, even a little bit. The estimated ADME parameters of the compounds were evaluated. Apart from internal use, local use of anti-inflammatory compounds is also very important. For this reason, the skin permeability values of the compounds were also calculated. And it has been found to be compatible with reference drugs. The COX enzyme inhibitory effects of the obtained compounds were tested by in vitro experiments. Compound 2a showed significant activity against COX-1 enzyme with an IC50 = 0.123 + 0.005 μM. The interaction of the compound with the enzyme active site was clarified by molecular dynamics studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Taha Yıldız
- Hamidiye Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Derya Osmaniye
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eskişehir, Turkey
- Central Analysis Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eskişehir, Turkey
| | - Begum Nurpelin Saglik
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eskişehir, Turkey
- Central Analysis Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eskişehir, Turkey
| | - Serkan Levent
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eskişehir, Turkey
- Central Analysis Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eskişehir, Turkey
| | - Recep Kurnaz
- Acıbadem Hospital, Orthopedics and Traumatology Clinic, Eskişehir, Turkey
| | - Yusuf Ozkay
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eskişehir, Turkey
- Central Analysis Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eskişehir, Turkey
| | - Zafer Asım Kaplancıklı
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eskişehir, Turkey
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3
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Rangraz Z, Amini MM, Habibi Z. One-Pot Synthesis of 1,3,5-Trisubstitued Pyrazoles via Immobilized Thermomyces lanuginosus Lipase (TLL) on a Metal-Organic Framework. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:19089-19098. [PMID: 38708258 PMCID: PMC11064201 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c09875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
A regioselective enzyme-catalyzed system is selected for the synthesis of 1,3,5-trisubstituted pyrazole derivatives by adding phenyl hydrazines, nitroolefins, and benzaldehydes. The reaction is performed in a one-pot vessel with a yield ranging from 49 to 90%. TLL@MMI, immobilized Thermomyces lanuginosus lipase (TLL) on a multivariate of MOF-5/IRMOF-3 (MMI), showed good performance for the catalysis of this reaction. The prepared biocatalyst was characterized by FTIR, XRD, SEM, and EDX. The thermal and solvent stability of TLL@MMI was investigated in MeOH and EtOH after 24 h incubation. In the presence of 100% concentrations of EtOH, TLL@MMI has 80% activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeynab Rangraz
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Shahid Beheshti University, G.C., Tehran 1983969411, Iran
| | - Mostafa M. Amini
- Department
of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Shahid Beheshti University, G.C., Tehran 1983963113, Iran
| | - Zohreh Habibi
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Shahid Beheshti University, G.C., Tehran 1983969411, Iran
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4
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Luo B. Insights into the advances in therapeutic drugs for neuroinflammation-related diseases. Int J Neurosci 2023:1-26. [PMID: 37722706 DOI: 10.1080/00207454.2023.2260088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023]
Abstract
Studies have shown that neurodegenerative diseases such as AD and PD are related to neuroinflammation. Neuroinflammation is a common inflammatory condition that can lead to a variety of dysfunction in the body. At present, it is no medications specifically approved to prevent or cure neuroinflammation, so even though many drugs can temporarily control the neurological symptoms of neuroinflammation, but no one can reverse the progress of neuroinflammation, let al.one completely cure neuroinflammation. Therefore, it is urgent to develop new drug development for neuroinflammation treatment. In this review, we highlight the therapeutic advancement in the field of neurodegenerative disorders, by focusing on the impact of neuroinflammation treatment has on these conditions, and the effective drugs for the treatment of neuroinflammation and neurodegenerative diseases and their latest research progress are reviewed according to the related signaling pathway, as well as the prospect of their clinical application is also discussed. The purpose of this review is to enable specialists to better understand the mechanisms underlying neuroinflammation and anti-inflammatory drugs, promote the development of therapeutic drugs for neuroinflammation and neurodegenerative diseases, and further provide therapeutic references for clinical neurologists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bozhi Luo
- School of Basic Medicine, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, China
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5
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Rocchi D, González JF, Martín-Cámara O, Perrone MG, Miciaccia M, Scilimati A, Decouty-Pérez C, Parada E, Egea J, Menéndez JC. m-Terphenylamines, Acting as Selective COX-1 Inhibitors, Block Microglia Inflammatory Response and Exert Neuroprotective Activity. Molecules 2023; 28:5374. [PMID: 37513247 PMCID: PMC10384011 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28145374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Inhibition of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) has been extensively studied as an approach to reduce proinflammatory markers in acute brain diseases, but the anti-neuroinflammatory role of cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) inhibition has been rather neglected. We report that m-terphenylamine derivatives are selective COX-1 inhibitors, able to block microglia inflammatory response and elicit a neuroprotective effect. These compounds were synthesized via a three-component reaction of chalcones, β-ketoesters, and primary amines, followed by hydrolysis/decarboxylation of the ester group. Together with their synthetic intermediates and some urea derivatives, they were studied as inhibitors of COX-1 and COX-2. The m-terphenylamine derivatives, which were selective COX-1 inhibitors, were also analyzed for their ability to block microglia inflammatory and oxidative response. Compound 3b presented an interesting anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective profile by reducing nitrite release, ROS overproduction, and cell death in organotypic hippocampal cultures subjected to LPS. We thus show that COX-1 inhibition is a promising approach to provide enhanced neuroprotection against acute inflammatory processes, which are crucial in the development of a plethora of acute neurodegenerative injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damiano Rocchi
- Unidad de Química Orgánica y Farmacéutica, Departamento de Química en Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan F González
- Unidad de Química Orgánica y Farmacéutica, Departamento de Química en Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Olmo Martín-Cámara
- Unidad de Química Orgánica y Farmacéutica, Departamento de Química en Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria Grazia Perrone
- Dipartimento di Farmacia-Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, 70121 Bari, Italy
| | - Morena Miciaccia
- Dipartimento di Farmacia-Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, 70121 Bari, Italy
| | - Antonio Scilimati
- Dipartimento di Farmacia-Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, 70121 Bari, Italy
| | - Celine Decouty-Pérez
- Molecular Neuroinflammation and Neuronal Plasticity Research Laboratory, Hospital Universitario Santa Cristina, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria-Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, 28009 Madrid, Spain
| | - Esther Parada
- Molecular Neuroinflammation and Neuronal Plasticity Research Laboratory, Hospital Universitario Santa Cristina, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria-Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, 28009 Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Egea
- Molecular Neuroinflammation and Neuronal Plasticity Research Laboratory, Hospital Universitario Santa Cristina, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria-Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, 28009 Madrid, Spain
| | - J Carlos Menéndez
- Unidad de Química Orgánica y Farmacéutica, Departamento de Química en Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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6
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Haroun M, Fesatidou M, Petrou A, Tratrat C, Zagaliotis P, Gavalas A, Venugopala KN, Kochkar H, Emeka PM, Younis NS, Elmaghraby DA, Almostafa MM, Chohan MS, Vizirianakis IS, Papadimitriou-Tsantarliotou A, Geronikaki A. Identification of Novel Cyclooxygenase-1 Selective Inhibitors of Thiadiazole-Based Scaffold as Potent Anti-Inflammatory Agents with Safety Gastric and Cytotoxic Profile. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28083416. [PMID: 37110650 PMCID: PMC10142904 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28083416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 04/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Major obstacles faced by the use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID) are their gastrointestinal toxicity induced by non-selective inhibition of both cyclooxygenases (COX) 1 and 2 and their cardiotoxicity associated with a certain class of COX-2 selective inhibitors. Recent studies have demonstrated that selective COX-1 and COX-2 inhibition generates compounds with no gastric damage. The aim of the current study is to develop novel anti-inflammatory agents with a better gastric profile. In our previous paper, we investigated the anti-inflammatory activity of 4-methylthiazole-based thiazolidinones. Thus, based on these observations, herein we report the evaluation of anti-inflammatory activity, drug action, ulcerogenicity and cytotoxicity of a series of 5-adamantylthiadiazole-based thiazolidinone derivatives. The in vivo anti-inflammatory activity revealed that the compounds possessed moderate to excellent anti-inflammatory activity. Four compounds 3, 4, 10 and 11 showed highest potency (62.0, 66.7, 55.8 and 60.0%, respectively), which was higher than the control drug indomethacin (47.0%). To determine their possible mode of action, the enzymatic assay was conducted against COX-1, COX-2 and LOX. The biological results demonstrated that these compounds are effective COX-1 inhibitors. Thus, the IC50 values of the three most active compounds 3, 4 and 14 as COX-1 inhibitors were 1.08, 1.12 and 9.62 μΜ, respectively, compared to ibuprofen (12.7 μΜ) and naproxen (40.10 μΜ) used as control drugs. Moreover, the ulcerogenic effect of the best compounds 3, 4 and 14 were evaluated and revealed that no gastric damage was observed. Furthermore, compounds were found to be nontoxic. A molecular modeling study provided molecular insight to rationalize the COX selectivity. In summary, we discovered a novel class of selective COX-1 inhibitors that could be effectively used as potential anti-inflammatory agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelyne Haroun
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maria Fesatidou
- School of Pharmacy, Aristotle, University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Anthi Petrou
- School of Pharmacy, Aristotle, University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Christophe Tratrat
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Panagiotis Zagaliotis
- School of Pharmacy, Aristotle, University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Antonis Gavalas
- School of Pharmacy, Aristotle, University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Katharigatta N Venugopala
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Technology, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Durban University of Technology, Durban 4001, South Africa
| | - Hafedh Kochkar
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
- Basic & Applied Scientific Research Center, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Promise M Emeka
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nancy S Younis
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Dalia Ahmed Elmaghraby
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mervt M Almostafa
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Shahzad Chohan
- Biomedical Sciences Department, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ioannis S Vizirianakis
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
- Department of Health Sciences, School of Life and Health Sciences, University of Nicosia, 2417 Nicosia, Cyprus
| | | | - Athina Geronikaki
- School of Pharmacy, Aristotle, University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
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7
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Ragab MA, Eldehna WM, Nocentini A, Bonardi A, Okda HE, Elgendy B, Ibrahim TS, Abd-Alhaseeb MM, Gratteri P, Supuran CT, Al-Karmalawy AA, Elagawany M. 4-(5-Amino-pyrazol-1-yl)benzenesulfonamide derivatives as novel multi-target anti-inflammatory agents endowed with inhibitory activity against COX-2, 5-LOX and carbonic anhydrase: Design, synthesis, and biological assessments. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 250:115180. [PMID: 36796297 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
In the current medical era, the single target inhibition paradigm of drug discovery has given way to the multi-target design concept. As the most intricate pathological process, inflammation gives rise to a variety of diseases. There are several drawbacks to the single target anti-inflammatory drugs currently available. Herein, we present the design and synthesis of a novel series of 4-(5-amino-pyrazol-1-yl)benzenesulfonamide derivatives (7a-j) with COX-2, 5-LOX and carbonic anhydrase (CA) inhibitory activities as potential multi-target anti-inflammatory agents. The pharmacophoric 4-(pyrazol-1-yl)benzenesulfonamide moiety in Celecoxib was used as the core scaffold and different substituted phenyl and 2-thienyl tails were grafted via a hydrazone linker to enhance inhibitory activity against hCA IX and XII isoforms, yielding target pyrazoles 7a-j. All reported pyrazoles were evaluated for their inhibitory activity against COX-1, COX-2, and 5-LOX. Pyrazoles 7a, 7b, and 7j showed the best inhibitory activities against the COX-2 isozyme (IC50 = 49, 60 and 60 nM, respectively) and against 5-LOX (IC50 = 2.4, 1.9, and 2.5 μM, respectively) with excellent SI indices (COX-1/COX-2) of 212.24, 208.33, and 158.33, respectively. In addition, the inhibitory activities of pyrazoles 7a-j were evaluated against four different hCA isoforms I, II, IX, and XII. Both transmembrane hCA IX and XII isoforms were potently inhibited by pyrazoles 7a-j with KI values in the nanomolar range; 13.0-82.1 nM and 5.8-62.0 nM, respectively. Furthermore, pyrazoles 7a and 7b with the highest COX-2 activity and selectivity indices were evaluated in vivo for their analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and ulcerogenic activities. The serum level of the inflammatory mediators was then measured in order to confirm the anti-inflammatory activities of pyrazoles 7a and 7b.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud A Ragab
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Buhaira, 22516, Egypt
| | - Wagdy M Eldehna
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, P.O. Box 33516, Egypt; School of Biotechnology, Badr University in Cairo, Badr City, 11829, Egypt.
| | - Alessio Nocentini
- Department of NEUROFARBA, Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Sciences, University of Florence, Polo Scientifico, Via U. Schiff 6, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze, Italy; Department of NEUROFARBA, Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Sciences, Laboratory of Molecular Modeling Cheminformatics & QSAR, University of Florence, Polo Scientifico, Via U. Schiff 6, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze, Italy
| | - Alessandro Bonardi
- Department of NEUROFARBA, Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Sciences, University of Florence, Polo Scientifico, Via U. Schiff 6, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze, Italy; Department of NEUROFARBA, Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Sciences, Laboratory of Molecular Modeling Cheminformatics & QSAR, University of Florence, Polo Scientifico, Via U. Schiff 6, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze, Italy
| | - Hazem E Okda
- Center for Clinical Pharmacology, Washington University School of Medicine, University of Health Sciences and Pharmacy in St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Bahaa Elgendy
- Center for Clinical Pharmacology, Washington University School of Medicine, University of Health Sciences and Pharmacy in St. Louis, MO, USA; Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Benha University, Benha, Egypt
| | - Tarek S Ibrahim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad M Abd-Alhaseeb
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Buhaira, 22516, Egypt
| | - Paola Gratteri
- Department of NEUROFARBA, Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Sciences, Laboratory of Molecular Modeling Cheminformatics & QSAR, University of Florence, Polo Scientifico, Via U. Schiff 6, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze, Italy
| | - Claudiu T Supuran
- Department of NEUROFARBA, Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Sciences, University of Florence, Polo Scientifico, Via U. Schiff 6, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze, Italy.
| | - Ahmed A Al-Karmalawy
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahram Canadian University, 6th of October City, Giza, 12566, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Elagawany
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Buhaira, 22516, Egypt.
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Calvello R, Porro C, Lofrumento DD, Ruggiero M, Panaro MA, Cianciulli A. Decoy Receptors Regulation by Resveratrol in Lipopolysaccharide-Activated Microglia. Cells 2023; 12:cells12050681. [PMID: 36899817 PMCID: PMC10000713 DOI: 10.3390/cells12050681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Resveratrol is a polyphenol that acts as antioxidants do, protecting the body against diseases, such as diabetes, cancer, heart disease, and neurodegenerative disorders, such as Alzheimer's (AD) and Parkinson's diseases (PD). In the present study, we report that the treatment of activated microglia with resveratrol after prolonged exposure to lipopolysaccharide is not only able to modulate pro-inflammatory responses, but it also up-regulates the expression of decoy receptors, IL-1R2 and ACKR2 (atypical chemokine receptors), also known as negative regulatory receptors, which are able to reduce the functional responses promoting the resolution of inflammation. This result might constitute a hitherto unknown anti-inflammatory mechanism exerted by resveratrol on activated microglia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Calvello
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Environment, University of Bari, I-70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Chiara Porro
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, I-71100 Foggia, Italy
| | - Dario Domenico Lofrumento
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, Section of Human Anatomy, University of Salento, I-73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Melania Ruggiero
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Environment, University of Bari, I-70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Maria Antonietta Panaro
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Environment, University of Bari, I-70125 Bari, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Antonia Cianciulli
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Environment, University of Bari, I-70125 Bari, Italy
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9
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Kim MJ, Anaya FJ, Manly LS, Lee JH, Hong J, Shrestha S, Telu S, Henry K, Santamaria JAM, Liow JS, Zanotti-Fregonara P, Shetty HU, Zoghbi SS, Pike VW, Innis RB. Whole-Body PET Imaging in Humans Shows That 11C-PS13 Is Selective for Cyclooxygenase-1 and Can Measure the In Vivo Potency of Nonsteroidal Antiinflammatory Drugs. J Nucl Med 2023; 64:159-164. [PMID: 35798558 PMCID: PMC9841251 DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.122.264061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Revised: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Both cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) convert arachidonic acid to prostaglandin H2, which has proinflammatory effects. The recently developed PET radioligand 11C-PS13 has excellent in vivo selectivity for COX-1 over COX-2 in nonhuman primates. This study sought to evaluate the selectivity of 11C-PS13 binding to COX-1 in humans and assess the utility of 11C-PS13 to measure the in vivo potency of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs. Methods: Baseline 11C-PS13 whole-body PET scans were obtained for 26 healthy volunteers, followed by blocked scans with ketoprofen (n = 8), celecoxib (n = 8), or aspirin (n = 8). Ketoprofen is a highly potent and selective COX-1 inhibitor, celecoxib is a preferential COX-2 inhibitor, and aspirin is a selective COX-1 inhibitor with a distinct mechanism that irreversibly inhibits substrate binding. Because blood cells, including platelets and white blood cells, also contain COX-1, 11C-PS13 uptake inhibition from blood cells was measured in vitro and ex vivo (i.e., using blood obtained during PET scanning). Results: High 11C-PS13 uptake was observed in major organs with high COX-1 density, including the spleen, lungs, kidneys, and gastrointestinal tract. Ketoprofen (1-75 mg orally) blocked uptake in these organs far more effectively than did celecoxib (100-400 mg orally). On the basis of the plasma concentration to inhibit 50% of the maximum radioligand binding in the spleen (in vivo IC 50), ketoprofen (<0.24 μM) was more than 10-fold more potent than celecoxib (>2.5 μM) as a COX-1 inhibitor, consistent with the in vitro potencies of these drugs for inhibiting COX-1. Blockade of 11C-PS13 uptake from blood cells acquired during the PET scans mirrored that in organs of the body. Aspirin (972-1,950 mg orally) blocked such a small percentage of uptake that its in vivo IC 50 could not be determined. Conclusion: 11C-PS13 selectively binds to COX-1 in humans and can measure the in vivo potency of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs that competitively inhibit arachidonic acid binding to COX-1. These in vivo studies, which reflect the net effect of drug absorption and metabolism in all organs of the body, demonstrated that ketoprofen had unexpectedly high potency, that celecoxib substantially inhibited COX-1, and that aspirin acetylation of COX-1 did not block binding of the representative nonsteroidal inhibitor 11C-PS13.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Jeong Kim
- Molecular Imaging Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland; and,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, Stony Brook University School of Medicine, Stony Brook, New York
| | - Fernanda Juarez Anaya
- Molecular Imaging Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland; and
| | - Lester S. Manly
- Molecular Imaging Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland; and
| | - Jae-Hoon Lee
- Molecular Imaging Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland; and
| | - Jinsoo Hong
- Molecular Imaging Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland; and
| | - Stal Shrestha
- Molecular Imaging Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland; and
| | - Sanjay Telu
- Molecular Imaging Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland; and
| | - Katharine Henry
- Molecular Imaging Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland; and
| | - Jose A. Montero Santamaria
- Molecular Imaging Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland; and
| | - Jeih-San Liow
- Molecular Imaging Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland; and
| | - Paolo Zanotti-Fregonara
- Molecular Imaging Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland; and
| | - H. Umesha Shetty
- Molecular Imaging Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland; and
| | - Sami S. Zoghbi
- Molecular Imaging Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland; and
| | - Victor W. Pike
- Molecular Imaging Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland; and
| | - Robert B. Innis
- Molecular Imaging Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland; and
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10
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Recent Advancement in Drug Design and Discovery of Pyrazole Biomolecules as Cancer and Inflammation Therapeutics. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27248708. [PMID: 36557840 PMCID: PMC9780894 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27248708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 11/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Pyrazole, an important pharmacophore and a privileged scaffold of immense significance, is a five-membered heterocyclic moiety with an extensive therapeutic profile, viz., anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial, anti-anxiety, anticancer, analgesic, antipyretic, etc. Due to the expansion of pyrazolecent red pharmacological molecules at a quicker pace, there is an urgent need to put emphasis on recent literature with hitherto available information to recognize the status of this scaffold for pharmaceutical research. The reported potential pyrazole-containing compounds are highlighted in the manuscript for the treatment of cancer and inflammation, and the results are mentioned in % inhibition of inflammation, % growth inhibition, IC50, etc. Pyrazole is an important heterocyclic moiety with a strong pharmacological profile, which may act as an important pharmacophore for the drug discovery process. In the struggle to cultivate suitable anti-inflammatory and anticancer agents, chemists have now focused on pyrazole biomolecules. This review conceals the recent expansion of pyrazole biomolecules as anti-inflammatory and anticancer agents with an aim to provide better correlation among different research going around the world.
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11
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Haroun M, Petrou A, Tratrat C, Kolokotroni A, Fesatidou M, Zagaliotis P, Gavalas A, Venugopala KN, Sreeharsha N, Nair AB, Elsewedy HS, Geronikaki A. Discovery of 5-Methylthiazole-Thiazolidinone Conjugates as Potential Anti-Inflammatory Agents: Molecular Target Identification and In Silico Studies. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27238137. [PMID: 36500230 PMCID: PMC9737349 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27238137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
A series of previously synthesized 5-benzyliden-2-(5-methylthiazole-2-ylimino)thiazoli- din-4-one were evaluated for their anti-inflammatory activity on the basis of PASS predictive outcomes. The predictive compounds were found to demonstrate moderate to good anti-inflammatory activity, and some of them displayed better activity than indomethacin used as the reference drug. Structure-activity relationships revealed that the activity of compounds depends not only on the nature of the substituent but also on its position in the benzene ring. The most active compounds were selected to investigate their possible mechanism of action. COX and LOX activity were determined and found that the title compounds were active only to COX-1 enzymes with an inhibitory effect superior to the reference drug naproxen. As for LOX inhibitory activity, the derivatives failed to show remarkable LOX inhibition. Therefore, COX-1 has been identified as the main molecular target for the anti-inflammatory activity of our compounds. The docking study against COX-1 active site revealed that the residue Arg 120 was found to be responsible for activity. In summary, the 5-thiazol-based thiazolidinone derivatives have been identified as a novel class of selective COX-1 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelyne Haroun
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: (M.H.); (A.G.); Tel.: +966-550909890 (M.H.); +30-2310-997-616 (A.G.)
| | - Anthi Petrou
- School of Pharmacy, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Christophe Tratrat
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aggeliki Kolokotroni
- School of Pharmacy, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Maria Fesatidou
- School of Pharmacy, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Panagiotis Zagaliotis
- School of Pharmacy, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Antonis Gavalas
- School of Pharmacy, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Katharigatta N. Venugopala
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Durban University of Technology, Durban 4000, South Africa
| | - Nagaraja Sreeharsha
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Vidya Siri College of Pharmacy, Off Sarjapura Road, Bangalore 560035, India
| | - Anroop B. Nair
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Heba Sadek Elsewedy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, AlMaarefa University, Dariyah, Riyadh 13713, Saudi Arabia
| | - Athina Geronikaki
- School of Pharmacy, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
- Correspondence: (M.H.); (A.G.); Tel.: +966-550909890 (M.H.); +30-2310-997-616 (A.G.)
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12
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Zhao Q, Dai W, Chen HY, Jacobs RE, Zlokovic BV, Lund BT, Montagne A, Bonnin A. Prenatal disruption of blood-brain barrier formation via cyclooxygenase activation leads to lifelong brain inflammation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2113310119. [PMID: 35377817 PMCID: PMC9169666 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2113310119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Gestational maternal immune activation (MIA) in mice induces persistent brain microglial activation and a range of neuropathologies in the adult offspring. Although long-term phenotypes are well documented, how MIA in utero leads to persistent brain inflammation is not well understood. Here, we found that offspring of mothers treated with polyriboinosinic–polyribocytidylic acid [poly(I:C)] to induce MIA at gestational day 13 exhibit blood–brain barrier (BBB) dysfunction throughout life. Live MRI in utero revealed fetal BBB hyperpermeability 2 d after MIA. Decreased pericyte–endothelium coupling in cerebral blood vessels and increased microglial activation were found in fetal and 1- and 6-mo-old offspring brains. The long-lasting disruptions result from abnormal prenatal BBB formation, driven by increased proliferation of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX2; Ptgs2)-expressing microglia in fetal brain parenchyma and perivascular spaces. Targeted deletion of the Ptgs2 gene in fetal myeloid cells or treatment with the inhibitor celecoxib 24 h after immune activation prevented microglial proliferation and disruption of BBB formation and function, showing that prenatal COX2 activation is a causal pathway of MIA effects. Thus, gestational MIA disrupts fetal BBB formation, inducing persistent BBB dysfunction, which promotes microglial overactivation and behavioral alterations across the offspring life span. Taken together, the data suggest that gestational MIA disruption of BBB formation could be an etiological contributor to neuropsychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuying Zhao
- Department of Physiology and Neuroscience, Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089
| | - Weiye Dai
- Master of Science, Molecular Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089
| | - Hui Yu Chen
- Master of Medical Physiology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089
| | - Russell E. Jacobs
- Department of Physiology and Neuroscience, Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089
| | - Berislav V. Zlokovic
- Department of Physiology and Neuroscience, Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089
| | - Brett T. Lund
- Department of Neurology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089
| | - Axel Montagne
- UK Dementia Research Institute, Edinburgh Medical School, University of Edinburgh, EH16 4SB Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, Edinburgh BioQuarter, EH16 4SB Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Alexandre Bonnin
- Department of Physiology and Neuroscience, Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089
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13
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Xu Y, Liu Y, Li K, Miao S, Lv C, Wang C, Zhao J. Regulation of PGE 2 Pathway During Cerebral Ischemia Reperfusion Injury in Rat. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2021; 41:1483-1496. [PMID: 32621176 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-020-00911-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Stroke is an acute central nervous system disease with high morbidity and mortality rate. Cerebral ischemia reperfusion (I/R) injury is easily induced during the development or treatment of stroke and subsequently leads to more serious brain damage. Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) is one of the most important inflammatory mediators in the brain and contributes to both physiological and pathophysiological functions. It may be upregulated and subsequently plays a key role in cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury. The synthesis and degradation of PGE2 is an extremely complex process, with multiple key stages and molecules. However, there are few comprehensive and systematic studies conducted to investigate the synthesis and degradation of PGE2 during cerebral I/R injury, which is what we want to demonstrate. In this study, qRT-PCR and immunoblotting demonstrated that the key enzymes in PGE2 synthesis, including COX-1, COX-2, mPGES-1 and mPGES-2, were upregulated during cerebral I/R injury, but 15-PGDH, the main PGE2 degradation enzyme, was downregulated. In addition, two of PGE2 receptors, EP3 and EP4, were also increased. Meanwhile, immunohistochemistry demonstrated the localization of these molecules in ischemic areas, including cortex, striatum and hippocampus, and reflected their expression patterns in different regions. Combining the results of PCR, Western blotting and immunohistochemistry, we can determine where the increase or decrease of these molecules occurs. Overall, these results further indicate a possible pathway that mediates enhanced production of PGE2, and thus that may impact production of inflammatory cytokines including IL-1β and TNF-α during cerebral I/R injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunfei Xu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
- Sepsis Translational Medicine Key Lab of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.
- Sepsis Translational Medicine Key Lab of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.
| | - Kexin Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
- Sepsis Translational Medicine Key Lab of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Shuying Miao
- Department of Pathology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, 210008, Jiangsu, China
| | - Caihong Lv
- Department of Pathophysiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
- Sepsis Translational Medicine Key Lab of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Chunjiang Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
- Sepsis Translational Medicine Key Lab of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Jie Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.
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14
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Yoon SH, Cho DY, Choi SR, Lee JY, Choi DK, Kim E, Park JY. Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Salicylic Acid Analogues of Celecoxib as a New Class of Selective Cyclooxygenase-1 Inhibitor. Biol Pharm Bull 2021; 44:1230-1238. [PMID: 34471051 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b20-00991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A series of salicylic acid analogues of celecoxib where the phenylsulfonamide moiety in the structure of celecoxib is replaced by salicylic acid moiety was synthesized and tested for in vitro cyclooxygenase (COX)-1 and COX-2 enzyme inhibition. Among the series, 5-substituted-2-hydroxy-benzoic acid analogues (7a-7h) generally showed better inhibitory activities on both enzymes than 4-substituted-2-hydroxy-benzoic acid analogues (12a-12h). In particular, the chloro analogue 7f which had the highest inhibitory effect (IC50 = 0.0057 µM) to COX-1 with excellent COX-1 selectivity (SI = 768) can be classified as a new potent and selective COX-1 inhibitor. The high inhibitory potency of 7f was rationalized through the docking simulation of this analogue in the active site of COX-1 enzyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Hwa Yoon
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University
| | - Duk-Yeon Cho
- Department of Applied Life Sciences and Integrated Bioscience, Konkuk University
| | - Seoung-Ryoung Choi
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center
| | - Joo-Young Lee
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University
| | - Dong-Kug Choi
- Department of Applied Life Sciences and Integrated Bioscience, Konkuk University
| | - Eunha Kim
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University
| | - Ju-Young Park
- Molecular Science and Technology Research Center, Ajou University
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15
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Ghazanfari N, van Waarde A, Dierckx RAJO, Doorduin J, de Vries EFJ. Is cyclooxygenase-1 involved in neuroinflammation? J Neurosci Res 2021; 99:2976-2998. [PMID: 34346520 PMCID: PMC9542093 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.24934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 05/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: Reactive microglia are an important hallmark of neuroinflammation. Reactive microglia release various inflammatory mediators, such as cytokines, chemokines, and prostaglandins, which are produced by enzymes like cyclooxygenases (COX). The inducible COX‐2 subtype has been associated with inflammation, whereas the constitutively expressed COX‐1 subtype is generally considered as a housekeeping enzyme. However, recent evidence suggests that COX‐1 can also be upregulated and may play a prominent role in the brain during neuroinflammation. In this review, we summarize the evidence that supports this involvement of COX‐1. Methods: Five databases were used to retrieve relevant studies that addressed COX‐1 in the context of neuroinflammation. The search resulted in 32 articles, describing in vitro, in vivo, post mortem, and in vivo imaging studies that specifically investigated the COX‐1 isoform under such conditions. Results: Reviewed literature generally indicated that the overexpression of COX‐1 was induced by an inflammatory stimulus, which resulted in an increased production of prostaglandin E2. The pharmacological inhibition of COX‐1 was shown to suppress the induction of inflammatory mediators like prostaglandin E2. Positron emission tomography (PET) imaging studies in animal models confirmed the overexpression of COX‐1 during neuroinflammation. The same imaging method, however, could not detect any upregulation of COX‐1 in patients with Alzheimer's disease. Conclusion: Taken together, studies in cultured cells and living rodents suggest that COX‐1 is involved in neuroinflammation. Most postmortem studies on human brains indicate that the concentration of COX‐1‐expressing microglial cells is increased near sites of inflammation. However, evidence for the involvement of COX‐1 in neuroinflammation in the living human brain is still largely lacking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nafiseh Ghazanfari
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Aren van Waarde
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Rudi A J O Dierckx
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Janine Doorduin
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Erik F J de Vries
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
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16
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Dvorakova M, Langhansova L, Temml V, Pavicic A, Vanek T, Landa P. Synthesis, Inhibitory Activity, and In Silico Modeling of Selective COX-1 Inhibitors with a Quinazoline Core. ACS Med Chem Lett 2021; 12:610-616. [PMID: 33854702 PMCID: PMC8040043 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.1c00004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Selective cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) inhibition has got into the spotlight with the discovery of COX-1 upregulation in various cancers and the cardioprotective role of COX-1 in control of thrombocyte aggregation. Yet, COX-1-selective inhibitors are poorly explored. Thus, three series of quinazoline derivatives were prepared and tested for their potential inhibitory activity toward COX-1 and COX-2. Of the prepared compounds, 11 exhibited interesting COX-1 selectivity, with 8 compounds being totally COX-1-selective. The IC50 value of the best quinazoline inhibitor was 64 nM. The structural features ensuring COX-1 selectivity were elucidated using in silico modeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcela Dvorakova
- Laboratory
of Plant Biotechnologies, Czech Academy
of Sciences, Institute of Experimental Botany, Rozvojova 263, 165 02 Prague 6 - Lysolaje, Czech
Republic
| | - Lenka Langhansova
- Laboratory
of Plant Biotechnologies, Czech Academy
of Sciences, Institute of Experimental Botany, Rozvojova 263, 165 02 Prague 6 - Lysolaje, Czech
Republic
| | - Veronika Temml
- Department
of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Paracelsus Medical University of Salzburg, Strubergasse 21, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Antonio Pavicic
- Laboratory
of Plant Biotechnologies, Czech Academy
of Sciences, Institute of Experimental Botany, Rozvojova 263, 165 02 Prague 6 - Lysolaje, Czech
Republic
| | - Tomas Vanek
- Laboratory
of Plant Biotechnologies, Czech Academy
of Sciences, Institute of Experimental Botany, Rozvojova 263, 165 02 Prague 6 - Lysolaje, Czech
Republic
| | - Premysl Landa
- Laboratory
of Plant Biotechnologies, Czech Academy
of Sciences, Institute of Experimental Botany, Rozvojova 263, 165 02 Prague 6 - Lysolaje, Czech
Republic
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17
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Miciaccia M, Belviso BD, Iaselli M, Cingolani G, Ferorelli S, Cappellari M, Loguercio Polosa P, Perrone MG, Caliandro R, Scilimati A. Three-dimensional structure of human cyclooxygenase (hCOX)-1. Sci Rep 2021; 11:4312. [PMID: 33619313 PMCID: PMC7900114 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-83438-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The beneficial effects of Cyclooxygenases (COX) inhibitors on human health have been known for thousands of years. Nevertheless, COXs, particularly COX-1, have been linked to a plethora of human diseases such as cancer, heart failure, neurological and neurodegenerative diseases only recently. COXs catalyze the first step in the biosynthesis of prostaglandins (PGs) and are among the most important mediators of inflammation. All published structural work on COX-1 deals with the ovine isoenzyme, which is easier to produce in milligram-quantities than the human enzyme and crystallizes readily. Here, we report the long-sought structure of the human cyclooxygenase-1 (hCOX-1) that we refined to an R/Rfree of 20.82/26.37, at 3.36 Å resolution. hCOX-1 structure provides a detailed picture of the enzyme active site and the residues crucial for inhibitor/substrate binding and catalytic activity. We compared hCOX-1 crystal structure with the ovine COX-1 and human COX-2 structures by using metrics based on Cartesian coordinates, backbone dihedral angles, and solvent accessibility coupled with multivariate methods. Differences and similarities among structures are discussed, with emphasis on the motifs responsible for the diversification of the various enzymes (primary structure, stability, catalytic activity, and specificity). The structure of hCOX-1 represents an essential step towards the development of new and more selective COX-1 inhibitors of enhanced therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morena Miciaccia
- Department of Pharmacy - Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Via E. Orabona 4, 70125, Bari, Italy
| | - Benny Danilo Belviso
- Istituto di Cristallografia, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via Amendola 122/o, 70126, Bari, Italy
| | - Mariaclara Iaselli
- Department of Pharmacy - Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Via E. Orabona 4, 70125, Bari, Italy
| | - Gino Cingolani
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, 1020 Locust Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19107, USA
| | - Savina Ferorelli
- Department of Pharmacy - Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Via E. Orabona 4, 70125, Bari, Italy
| | - Marianna Cappellari
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies, and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Via E. Orabona 4, 70125, Bari, Italy
| | - Paola Loguercio Polosa
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies, and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Via E. Orabona 4, 70125, Bari, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Perrone
- Department of Pharmacy - Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Via E. Orabona 4, 70125, Bari, Italy
| | - Rocco Caliandro
- Istituto di Cristallografia, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via Amendola 122/o, 70126, Bari, Italy.
| | - Antonio Scilimati
- Department of Pharmacy - Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Via E. Orabona 4, 70125, Bari, Italy.
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18
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Rapoport SI. Aspirin and celecoxib may help to rectify a neurotransmission imbalance in bipolar disorder. Med Hypotheses 2021; 149:110536. [PMID: 33618245 DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2021.110536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mood stabilizers with disparate chemical structures are approved for treating bipolar disorder, but their mechanisms of action are not agreed on. However, when administered to unanesthetized rats at clinically relevant doses, they modulate neurotransmission involving arachidonic acid and brain activity of COX-2, which oxidizes arachidonic acid within the arachidonic acid metabolic cascade. HYPOTHESIS Inhibiting COX-2 directly might enhance mood stabilizer effects in bipolar disorder patients. OBSERVATIONS This paper reviews randomized controlled trials that showed that celecoxib, a selective COX-2 inhibitor, or low-dose aspirin, which inhibits COX-1 and inhibits/acetylates COX-2, reduced bipolar symptoms in patients on mood stabilizers. More convincing are two population based pharmacoepidemiological studies that each demonstrated that chronic low dose aspirin reduced bipolar severity markers in patients on mood stabilizers. CONCLUSIONS This clinical evidence is consistent with the hypothesis that low-dose chronic aspirin and celecoxib, which can inhibit COX-2 and enter brain, can be repurposed in bipolar disorder to enhance mood stabilizer effects on arachidonic acid metabolism and neurotransmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stanley I Rapoport
- Laboratory on Molecular Signaling, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20892, United States.
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19
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20
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Cyclooxygenase Inhibition Safety and Efficacy in Inflammation-Based Psychiatric Disorders. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25225388. [PMID: 33217958 PMCID: PMC7698629 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25225388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Revised: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
According to the World Health Organization, the major psychiatric and neurodevelopmental disorders include major depression, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, and autism spectrum disorder. The potential role of inflammation in the onset and progression of these disorders is increasingly being studied. The use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), well-known cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibitors, combined with first-choice specific drugs have been long investigated. The adjunctive administration of COX inhibitors to classic clinical treatments seems to improve the prognosis of people who suffer from psychiatric disorders. In this review, a broad overview of the use of COX inhibitors in the treatment of inflammation-based psychiatric disorders is provided. For this purpose, a critical analysis of the use of COX inhibitors in the last ten years of clinical trials of the major psychiatric disorders was carried out.
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21
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Inhibition of cyclooxygenase-1 does not reduce mortality in post-ischemic stroke rats. Neurosci Lett 2020; 737:135296. [PMID: 32777346 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2020.135296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Revised: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ischemic stroke is one of the leading causes of mortality and morbidity. The currently available non-invasive therapeutic options are not sufficiently efficacious. Post-ischemic brain is characterized by a prominent inflammatory response. Little is known about the involvement of cyclooxygenase (COX)-1 in the pathophysiology of ischemic stroke. OBJECTIVE This study was undertaken to examine the effects of a highly selective COX-1 inhibitor - mofezolac - on clinical outcomes and brain inflammatory markers in post-stroke rats. METHODS Stroke was induced by subjecting rats to permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). Control rats underwent a sham surgery. Rats were treated with mofezolac (50 mg/kg, intraperitoneally [ip]) once daily for 14 days. Control animals were treated with vehicle. Body temperature (BT), neurological score (NS) and cumulative mortality were monitored at different time points. At the end of the experiment, rats were euthanized and three brain regions (hypothalamus, hippocampus and frontal cortex) were extracted. Levels of interleukin (IL)-6, prostaglandin (PG)E2 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α in these brain regions were determined by ELISA kits. RESULTS BT, NS and cumulative mortality were all significantly higher in post-MCAO rats than in sham-operated rats, irrespective of the treatment given. BT, NS and mortality rate did not differ significantly between mofezolac-treated and vehicle-treated sham-operated animals. BT was significantly lower in mofezolac-treated as compared to vehicle-treated post-MCAO rats. Mofezolac did not significantly alter NS in post-MCAO rats at any time-point. Cumulative 14-day mortality was non-significantly higher in mofezolac-treated as compared to vehicle-treated post-MCAO rats (48 % vs. 21 %, respectively; P = 0.184). Mostly, IL-6 and TNF-α levels did not differ between post-MCAO and sham-operated rats and were not affected by mofezolac treatment. In contrast, mofezolac significantly decreased PGE2 levels in post-MCAO rats' brains. CONCLUSION Overall, these results suggest that chronic treatment with the selective COX-1 inhibitor mofezolac did not reduce morbidity or mortality in post-stroke rats.
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Rouzer CA, Marnett LJ. Structural and Chemical Biology of the Interaction of Cyclooxygenase with Substrates and Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs. Chem Rev 2020; 120:7592-7641. [PMID: 32609495 PMCID: PMC8253488 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c00215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Cyclooxgenases are key enzymes of lipid signaling. They carry out the first step in the production of prostaglandins, important mediators of inflammation, pain, cardiovascular disease, and cancer, and they are the molecular targets for nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, which are among the oldest and most chemically diverse set of drugs known. Homodimeric proteins that behave as allosterically modulated, functional heterodimers, the cyclooxygenases exhibit complex kinetic behavior, requiring peroxide-dependent activation and undergoing suicide inactivation. Due to their important physiological and pathophysiological roles and keen interest on the part of the pharmaceutical industry, the cyclooxygenases have been the focus of a vast array of structural studies, leading to the publication of over 80 crystal structures of the enzymes in complex with substrates or inhibitors supported by a wealth of functional data generated by site-directed mutation experiments. In this review, we explore the chemical biology of the cyclooxygenases through the lens of this wealth of structural and functional information. We identify key structural features of the cyclooxygenases, break down their active site into regional binding pockets to facilitate comparisons between structures, and explore similarities and differences in the binding modes of the wide variety of ligands (both substrates and inhibitors) that have been characterized in complex with the enzymes. Throughout, we correlate structure with function whenever possible. Finally, we summarize what can and cannot be learned from the currently available structural data and discuss the critical intriguing questions that remain despite the wealth of information that has been amassed in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carol A Rouzer
- A. B. Hancock Jr. Memorial Laboratory for Cancer Research, Departments of Biochemistry, Chemistry, and Pharmacology, Vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology, Center in Molecular Toxicology, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Lawrence J Marnett
- A. B. Hancock Jr. Memorial Laboratory for Cancer Research, Departments of Biochemistry, Chemistry, and Pharmacology, Vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology, Center in Molecular Toxicology, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
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Fan X, Li J, Deng X, Lu Y, Feng Y, Ma S, Wen H, Zhao Q, Tan W, Shi T, Wang Z. Design, synthesis and bioactivity study of N-salicyloyl tryptamine derivatives as multifunctional agents for the treatment of neuroinflammation. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 193:112217. [PMID: 32182488 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Revised: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Because of the complex etiology in neuroinflammatory process, the design of multifunctional agents is a potent strategy to cure neuroinflammatory diseases including AD and PD. Herein, based on the combination principles, 23 of N-salicyloyl tryptamine derivatives as multifunctional agents were designed and their new application for anti-neuroinflammation was disclosed. In cyclooxygenase assay, two compounds 3 and 16 displayed extremely preferable COX-2 inhibition than N-salicyloyl tryptamine. In LPS-induced C6 and BV2 cell models, some compounds decreased the production of proinflammatory mediators NO, PGE2, TNF-α, iNOS, COX-2 and ROS, while increased the production of IL-10. Among them, compound 3 and 16 showed approximately six-fold better inhibition on nitric oxide production than N-salicyloyl tryptamine in C6. Besides, compounds 3, 13 and 16 attenuated the activation of BV2 and C6 cells. More importantly, in vivo, compounds 3 and 16 reduced GFAP and Iba-1 levels in the hippocampus, and displayed neuroprotection in Nissl staining. Besides, both compounds 3 and 16 had high safety (LD50 > 1000 mg/kg). Longer plasma half-life of compounds 3 and 16 than melatonin supported combination strategy. All these results demonstrated that N-salicyloyl tryptamine derivatives are potential anti-neuroinflammation agents for the treatment of neurodegenerative disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohong Fan
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Junfang Li
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Xuemei Deng
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Yingmei Lu
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Yiyue Feng
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Shumeng Ma
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Huaixiu Wen
- Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, 810000, China
| | - Quanyi Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Wen Tan
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Tao Shi
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
| | - Zhen Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China; State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
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Macelignan inhibits the inflammatory response of microglia and regulates neuronal survival. J Neuroimmunol 2019; 339:577123. [PMID: 31838278 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2019.577123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Revised: 11/24/2019] [Accepted: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Neuroinflammation is an important pathological process of neurodegenerative diseases, and microglial contributes to chronic inflammation and neuronal loss in progressive neurodegenerative. Therefore, regulating the inflammatory response of microglia could lead to the discovery of promising treatments for neurodegenerative diseases. In this study, we investigated the effects of the nutmeg plant seed extract, macelignan, on the inflammatory response of microglia and neuronal cell survival. We detected NO and iNOS using the Griess test and Western blotting. We measured phosphoinositide 3 kinase (PI3K)/Akt expression by Western blotting. The release of NO and inflammatory cytokines and the expression of iNOS decreased in a concentration-dependent manner, with an increase in macelignan concentration. PI3K/Akt phosphorylation levels decreased in a dose-dependent manner in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated microglial cells after exposure to macelignan. We also demonstrated that macelignan improved HT22 cell viability, following exposure to a microglial-conditioned medium. Furthermore, macelignan inhibited microglial cell near neurons treated with a hypoxic conditioned medium. Finally, macelignan treatment reduced the expression of p27 and cyclin D1 in neurons cultured in an LPS-activated microglia-conditioned medium. Therefore, these results imply that macelignan can inhibit the inflammatory response of microglia and regulate neuronal survival through the PI3K/Akt pathway.
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Ham HJ, Han JH, Lee YS, Kim KC, Yun J, Kang SK, Park Y, Kim SH, Hong JT. Bee Venom Soluble Phospholipase A2 Exerts Neuroprotective Effects in a Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Mouse Model of Alzheimer's Disease via Inhibition of Nuclear Factor-Kappa B. Front Aging Neurosci 2019; 11:287. [PMID: 31736738 PMCID: PMC6839038 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2019.00287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2019] [Accepted: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuroinflammation is important in the pathogenesis and development of Alzheimer's disease (AD). In the AD brain, microglial activation and upregulation of pro-inflammatory mediators both induce amyloid beta (Aβ) accumulation. Regulatory T cells (Tregs) and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) signaling have been implicated in AD development through their effects on neuroinflammation and microglial activation. The bee venom soluble phospholipase A2 (bv-sPLA2) enzyme is known to exert anti-inflammatory and anti-immune effects. Here, we investigated the inhibitory effects of bv-sPLA2 on memory deficiency in a lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced mouse model of AD. We examined whether bv-sPLA2 (0.02, 0.2, and 2 mg/kg by i.p. injection three times for 1 week) could inhibit neuroinflammation and memory impairment in LPS-treated mice (250 μg/kg by i.p. injection daily for 1 week). We also assessed the effects of bv-sPLA2 administration (0.01, 0.1, and 1 μg/ml) on LPS (1 μg/ml)-treated microglial BV-2 cells. In the LPS-injected mouse brain, sPLA2 treatment rescued memory dysfunction and decreased Aβ levels, through the downregulation of amyloidogenic proteins, and decreased the expression of inflammatory proteins and pro-inflammatory cytokines. Moreover, the LPS-mediated increase in inflammatory protein expression was attenuated bv-sPLA2 treatment in BV-2 cells. Treatment with bv-sPLA2 also downregulated signaling by NF-κB, which is considered to be an important factor in the regulation of neuroinflammatory and amyloidogenic responses, both in vivo and in vitro. Additionally, co-treatment with NF-κB (5 μM) and bv-sPLA2 (0.1 μg/ml) exerted more marked anti-inflammatory effects, compared to bv-sPLA2 treatment alone. These results indicate that bv-sPLA2 inhibits LPS-induced neuroinflammation and amyloidogenesis via inhibition of NF-κB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeon Joo Ham
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Chungbuk, South Korea
| | - Ji Hye Han
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Chungbuk, South Korea
| | - Yong Sun Lee
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Chungbuk, South Korea
| | - Ki Cheon Kim
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Chungbuk, South Korea
| | - Jaesuk Yun
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Chungbuk, South Korea
| | - Shin Kook Kang
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Chungbuk, South Korea
| | - YangSu Park
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Chungbuk, South Korea
| | - Se Hyun Kim
- INISTst Company Limited, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
| | - Jin Tae Hong
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Chungbuk, South Korea
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Human disorders associated with inflammation and the evolving role of natural products to overcome. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 179:272-309. [PMID: 31255927 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.06.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Accepted: 06/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Inflammation is a biological function which triggered after the mechanical tissue disruption or from the responses by the incidence of physical, chemical or biological negotiator in body. These responses are essential act provided by the immune system during infection and tissue injury to maintain normal tissue homeostasis. Inflammation is a quite complicated process at molecular level with the involvement of several proinflammatory expressions. Several health problems are associated with prolonged inflammation, which effects nearly all major to minor diseases. The molecular and epidemiological studies jagged that the inflammation is closely associated with several disorders with their specific targets. It would be great achievement for human health around the world to overcome on inflammation. Mostly used anti-inflammatory drugs are at high risk of side effects and also expensive. Hence, the plant-based formulations gained a wide acceptance by the public and medical experts to treat it. Due to extensive dispersal, chemical diversity and systematically established biological potentials of natural products have induced renewed awareness as a gifted source for medications. However, today's urgent need to search for cheaper, more potent and safe anti-inflammatory medications to overcome on current situation. The goal of this review to compile an update on inflammation, associated diseases, molecular targets, inflammatory mediators and role of natural products. The entire text concise the involvement of various cytokines in pathogenesis of various human disorders. This assignment discussed about 321 natural products with their promising anti-inflammatory potential discovered during January 2009 to December 2018 with 262 citations.
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27
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Scilimati A, Ferorelli S, Iaselli MC, Miciaccia M, Pati ML, Fortuna CG, Aleem AM, Marnett LJ, Perrone MG. Targeting COX-1 by mofezolac-based fluorescent probes for ovarian cancer detection. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 179:16-25. [PMID: 31229884 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.06.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2019] [Revised: 06/13/2019] [Accepted: 06/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Biomarkers of specific targets are becoming an essential objective for clinical unmet clinical needs to improve diseases early detection and increase patient overall survival. Ovarian cancer is among the highest mortality gynecological cancers. It is asymptomatic and almost always diagnosed at advanced stage. At five years from the first diagnosis the survival rate of ovarian cancer patients is only 30%. Cyclooxygenase (COX)-1 as opposed to COX-2 is known to be overexpressed in ovarian cancer. Therefore, fluorescent probes targeting COX-1 were designed and prepared in fair to good yields for its quantitatively detection in human ovarian cancer cell lines (OVCAR-3 and SKOV-3). In particular, both cytofluorimetric and immunofluorescent experiments showed that N-[4-(9-dimethylimino-9H-benzo[a]phenoxazin-5-ylamino)butyl]-2-(3,4-bis(4-methoxyphenyl)isoxazol-5-yl)acetamide chloride (11) enters into OVCAR-3 cells and is mainly localized on the membrane containing the COX-1. Membrane fluorescence emission represents about 80% of the total fluorescence measured in the whole cell, while the non-specific labeling represents only 20%. This result indicates that the intensity of fluorescence emission is almost exclusively attributable to 11 bound to COX-1 located on the membrane. Furthermore, no diffusion inside the cell occurs. IC50hCOX-1 value of 11 determined by measuring the O2 consumption during the bis-oxygenation of the arachidonic acid catalysed by COX-1 was found to be equal to 1.8 nM. Furthermore, 11 inhibits oCOX-1 with IC50 = 6.85 nM and mCOX-2 with IC50 = 269.5 nM; the corresponding selectivity index SI is equal to 39.3 against oCOX-1. 11 inhibits oCOX-1 at 0 min of incubation with 91% inhibition, whereas in the same time it does not inhibit mCOX-2. Fingerprints for Ligands and Proteins (FLAP) software calculations were performed to justify 11 higher COX-1 inhibitory potency than mofezolac (COX-1 IC50 = 5.1 nM), which in turn is a moiety of 11. Specifically, the two compounds bind differently in the COX-1 active site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Scilimati
- Department of Pharmacy - Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Via E. Orabona 4, 70125, Bari, Italy.
| | - Savina Ferorelli
- Department of Pharmacy - Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Via E. Orabona 4, 70125, Bari, Italy
| | - Maria Clara Iaselli
- Department of Pharmacy - Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Via E. Orabona 4, 70125, Bari, Italy
| | - Morena Miciaccia
- Department of Pharmacy - Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Via E. Orabona 4, 70125, Bari, Italy
| | - Maria Laura Pati
- Department of Pharmacy - Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Via E. Orabona 4, 70125, Bari, Italy
| | - Cosimo G Fortuna
- Department of Chemical Science, University of Catania, V.le Andrea Doria 6, 95125, Catania, Italy
| | - Ansari M Aleem
- Memorial Laboratory for Cancer Research, Department of Biochemistry, Chemistry and Pharmacology, Vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology, Nashville, TN 37232-0146, USA
| | - Lawrence J Marnett
- Memorial Laboratory for Cancer Research, Department of Biochemistry, Chemistry and Pharmacology, Vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology, Nashville, TN 37232-0146, USA
| | - Maria Grazia Perrone
- Department of Pharmacy - Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Via E. Orabona 4, 70125, Bari, Italy.
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Pati ML, Vitale P, Ferorelli S, Iaselli M, Miciaccia M, Boccarelli A, Di Mauro GD, Fortuna CG, Souza Domingos TF, Rodrigues Pereira da Silva LC, de Pádula M, Cabral LM, Sathler PC, Vacca A, Scilimati A, Perrone MG. Translational impact of novel widely pharmacological characterized mofezolac-derived COX-1 inhibitors combined with bortezomib on human multiple myeloma cell lines viability. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 164:59-76. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.12.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2018] [Revised: 12/10/2018] [Accepted: 12/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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Selvaraj P, Wen J, Tanaka M, Zhang Y. Therapeutic Effect of a Novel Fatty Acid Amide Hydrolase Inhibitor PF04457845 in the Repetitive Closed Head Injury Mouse Model. J Neurotrauma 2019; 36:1655-1669. [PMID: 30526351 DOI: 10.1089/neu.2018.6226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Concussive traumatic brain injury (TBI) is the predominant type of brain injury in young adults and is a risk factor for the development of chronic traumatic encephalopathy and other neurodegenerative diseases late in life. Using a repetitive closed head injury mouse model, we found that treatment with PF04457845, a novel fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) inhibitor that selectively elevated the brain levels of anandamide, improved locomotor function, learning, and memory in TBI mice examined by beam walk, Y-maze, and Morris water maze tests. The accumulation of microglia and astrocytes and the expression of proinflammatory cytokines, including interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), in the ipsilateral TBI mouse cortex and hippocampus were significantly reduced by drug treatment. The increased expression of amyloid precursor protein (APP), phosphorylated Tau (p-Tau), phosphorylated glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta (pGSK3β) and p35/p25 subunits and the decreased expression of the pre-synaptic proteins, synaptophysin, synaptosome-associated protein of 25 kDa (SNAP25), and cysteine string protein alpha (α-CSP), in TBI mouse brain were also normalized by PF04458745 treatment. The improved locomotor function and working memory were partially mediated by activation of both cannabinoid (CB)1 and CB2 receptors, whereas the improvement on spatial learning and memory seemed to be CB1 receptor dependent. Interestingly, the blockage of PF04457845 on the reduced expression of synaptophysin, but not SNAP25 and α-CSP, was reversed by coadministration of the CB1 receptor antagonist. These results suggest that the therapeutic effect of PF04457845 is mediated by both cannabinoid receptor dependent and independent mechanisms, and selective inhibition of FAAH possesses a great potential for the treatment of TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prabhuanand Selvaraj
- 1 Department of Anatomy, Physiology, and Genetics and Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland.,2 Center for Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Jie Wen
- 1 Department of Anatomy, Physiology, and Genetics and Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Mikiei Tanaka
- 1 Department of Anatomy, Physiology, and Genetics and Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Yumin Zhang
- 1 Department of Anatomy, Physiology, and Genetics and Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland.,2 Center for Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland
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Condition‐Based Selective Synthesis of 3,4,5‐Trisubstituted Isoxazoline N
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oxides, 4,5‐Dihydroisoxazoles and Isoxazoles. ChemistrySelect 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201800839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Perrone MG, Vitale P, Ferorelli S, Boccarelli A, Coluccia M, Pannunzio A, Campanella F, Di Mauro G, Bonaccorso C, Fortuna CG, Scilimati A. Effect of mofezolac-galactose distance in conjugates targeting cyclooxygenase (COX)-1 and CNS GLUT-1 carrier. Eur J Med Chem 2017; 141:404-416. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.09.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2017] [Revised: 09/25/2017] [Accepted: 09/29/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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Protective effect of aspirin treatment on mouse behavior in the acute phase of experimental infection with Trypanosoma cruzi. Parasitol Res 2017; 117:189-200. [PMID: 29196837 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-017-5693-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2017] [Accepted: 11/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Chagas disease is a potentially fatal disease caused by the parasite Trypanosoma cruzi, which can in some cases affect the central nervous system. The objective was to evaluate the effect of aspirin (ASA) in the behavior of mice infected with T. cruzi during the acute phase. This was an experimental study with random assignation. Twenty four BALB/c mice were divided into four groups of six animals each as follows: only ASA (OA), ASA before infection (BI), ASA after infection (AI) and only infection (OI). The strain used for infection was M/HOM/Bra/53/Y. An ASA dose of 100 mg/kg per day was administered 72 h before infection to BI group and the same dose 48 h after infection to AI group. Mice behavior in the open field test, mortality, and brain histopathology was evaluated. Data were analyzed using ANOVA, chi square test, and Kaplan-Meier with long-rank for survival analysis. In the open field test, the OA group has similar results with the BI group, in the variables of immobility and escape. Also, the OA group displayed significantly higher rates of micturition (p < 0.001) and defecation (p < 0.001) compared to infected groups. Mortality was higher in BI group (p = 0.02). The presence of T. cruzi amastigotes were higher in brain tissues of the AI and OI groups (p = 0.008). In conclusion, the administration of ASA before infection seemed to prevent behavioral changes induced by the acute infection, but it led to accelerated mortality. The study highlighted the potential importance of the pathways inhibited by ASA in the early hours of acute infection with T. cruzi.
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Russo R, De Caro C, Avallone B, Magliocca S, Nieddu M, Boatto G, Troiano R, Cuomo R, Cirillo C, Avagliano C, Cristiano C, La Rana G, Sarnelli G, Calignano A, Rimoli MG. Ketogal: A Derivative Ketorolac Molecule with Minor Ulcerogenic and Renal Toxicity. Front Pharmacol 2017; 8:757. [PMID: 29163153 PMCID: PMC5681857 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2017] [Accepted: 10/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Ketorolac is a powerful non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), with a great analgesic activity, present on the Italian market since 1991. Despite the excellent therapeutic activity, the chronic use of ketorolac has long been limited owing to the high incidence of gastrointestinal and kidney side events. In our previous study, we demonstrated that ketorolac-galactose conjugate (ketogal), synthesized and tested in a single-dose study, was able to reduce ulcerogenicity, while preserving the high pharmacological efficacy of its parent drug. In this paper, in order to verify the suitability of this compound, for repeated administration, ex vivo experiments on naïve mice were performed. Mice were treated for 5 or 7 days with the highest doses of two drugs (ketorolac 10 mg/kg and ketogal 16.3 mg/kg), and the expression of both gastric COX-1 and PGsyn was evaluated. Results showed that oral ketorolac treatment significantly reduced both enzymes; surprisingly, oral treatment with ketogal did not produce significant variation in the expression of the two constitutive enzymes. Moreover, histological experiments on stomach and kidneys clearly indicated that repeated administration of ketogal induced lower toxicity than ketorolac. At same time, in vivo results clearly showed that both ketorolac and ketogal had a similar therapeutic activity in a model of inflammation and in pain perception. These effects were accompanied by the reduction of enzyme expression such as COX-2 and iNOS, and by the modulation of levels of nuclear NF-κB and cytosolic IκB-α in the inflamed paws. These very encouraging results demonstrate for the first time that ketogal could represent a valid and novel therapeutic alternative to the ketorolac and might pave the way for clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Russo
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Carmen De Caro
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.,Science of Health Department, School of Medicine, Magna Graecia University, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Bice Avallone
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Maria Nieddu
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Gianpiero Boatto
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Roberta Troiano
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Rosario Cuomo
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Carla Cirillo
- Laboratory for Enteric Neuroscience, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Carmen Avagliano
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Claudia Cristiano
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Giovanna La Rana
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Giovanni Sarnelli
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Antonio Calignano
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Maria G Rimoli
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
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Calvello R, Lofrumento DD, Perrone MG, Cianciulli A, Salvatore R, Vitale P, De Nuccio F, Giannotti L, Nicolardi G, Panaro MA, Scilimati A. Highly Selective Cyclooxygenase-1 Inhibitors P6 and Mofezolac Counteract Inflammatory State both In Vitro and In Vivo Models of Neuroinflammation. Front Neurol 2017. [PMID: 28649222 PMCID: PMC5465243 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2017.00251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Activated microglia secrete an array of pro-inflammatory factors, such as prostaglandins, whose accumulation contributes to neuronal damages. Prostaglandin endoperoxide synthases or cyclooxygenases (COX-1 and COX-2), which play a critical role in the inflammation, are the pharmacological targets of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, used to treat pain and inflammation. Since it was reported that COX-1 is the major player in mediating the brain inflammatory response, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of highly selective COX-1 inhibitors, such as P6 and mofezolac, in neuroinflammation models. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated mouse BV-2 microglial cells and LPS intracerebroventricular-injected mice as in vitro and in vivo neuroinflammation models, respectively, were used to probe the antiinflammatory efficacy of P6 and mofezolac. Both P6 and mofezolac reduce COX-1 expression in LPS-activated BV-2 cells. This reduction was accompanied with PGE2 release reduction and NF-kB activation downregulation. Coextensively, in the in vivo model, both glial fibrillary acidic protein and ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule-1 expression, two markers of inflammation, were reduced by mofezolac to a rank depending on the encephalon area analyzed. The increase of COX-1 expression observed in all the brain sections of LPS-treated mice was selectively downregulated by the in vivo treatment with mofezolac as well as PGE2 release and Ikβα phosphorylation amount assayed in the brain areas tested. These results indicate the capability of P6 and mofezolac to modulate the NF-kB signaling pathway, emphasizing the neuroprotective effect and therapeutic potential of COX-1 inhibitors in the control of neuroinflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Calvello
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari "A. Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - Dario Domenico Lofrumento
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, Section of Human Anatomy, University of Salento, Lecce, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Perrone
- Department of Pharmacy - Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari "A. Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - Antonia Cianciulli
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari "A. Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - Rosaria Salvatore
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari "A. Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - Paola Vitale
- Department of Pharmacy - Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari "A. Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - Francesco De Nuccio
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, Section of Human Anatomy, University of Salento, Lecce, Italy
| | - Laura Giannotti
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, Section of Human Anatomy, University of Salento, Lecce, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Nicolardi
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, Section of Human Anatomy, University of Salento, Lecce, Italy
| | - Maria Antonietta Panaro
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari "A. Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - Antonio Scilimati
- Department of Pharmacy - Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari "A. Moro", Bari, Italy
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Chaudhry F, Naureen S, Ijaz F, Munawar MA, Khan MA. Amino acid catalyzed reactions. A facile route to some heteroarylbispyrazoles. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/00397911.2016.1263336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Faryal Chaudhry
- Institute of Chemistry, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
- Department of Chemistry, Kinnaird College for Women, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Sadia Naureen
- Institute of Chemistry, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Fatima Ijaz
- Institute of Chemistry, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | | | - Misbahul Ain Khan
- Institute of Chemistry, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
- Department of Chemistry, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
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36
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The therapeutic voyage of pyrazole and its analogs: A review. Eur J Med Chem 2016; 120:170-201. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2016.04.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 262] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2016] [Revised: 04/25/2016] [Accepted: 04/28/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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37
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Cianciulli A, Calvello R, Porro C, Trotta T, Salvatore R, Panaro MA. PI3k/Akt signalling pathway plays a crucial role in the anti-inflammatory effects of curcumin in LPS-activated microglia. Int Immunopharmacol 2016; 36:282-290. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2016.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2016] [Revised: 04/14/2016] [Accepted: 05/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Romero-Alejo E, Puig MM, Romero A. Antihyperalgesic effects of dexketoprofen and tramadol in a model of postoperative pain in mice - effects on glial cell activation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 68:1041-50. [PMID: 27291294 DOI: 10.1111/jphp.12584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2016] [Accepted: 05/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To define likely targets (i.e. glia) and protocols (analgesic combinations) to improve postoperative pain outcomes and reduce chronic pain after surgery. Specifically, to assess the antihyperalgesic effects of the dexketoprofen : tramadol (DEX : TRM) combination, exploring the implication of glial activation. METHODS In a mouse model of postincisional pain, we evaluated mechanical nociceptive thresholds (Von Frey) for 21 days postoperatively. We assessed DEX and TRM alone and combined (1 : 1 ratio) on postoperative hyperalgesia (POH, day 1) and delayed latent pain sensitisation (substantiated by a naloxone challenge; PS, day 21). The interactions were analysed using isobolograms, and concomitant changes in spinal glial cell activation were measured. KEY FINDINGS On day 1, DEX completely blocked POH, whereas TRM induced 32% inhibition. TRM, but not DEX, partially (47%) protected against PS, at 21 days. Co-administration of DEX : TRM (1 : 1 ratio) showed additivity for antihyperalgesia. Both drugs and their combination totally inhibited surgery-induced microglia activation on day 1, but had no effect on surgery-induced astrocyte activation (1 day) or re-activation after naloxone (21 days). CONCLUSIONS The DEX : TRM combination could have clinical advantages: a complete prevention of POH after surgery, together with a substantial (48%) inhibition of the development of PS by TRM. Microglia, but not astrocyte activation, could play a relevant role in the development of postoperative pain hypersensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Romero-Alejo
- Pain Research Unit, Department of Anesthesiology, IMIM-Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Biomèdiques, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona School of Medicine, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Margarita M Puig
- Pain Research Unit, Department of Anesthesiology, IMIM-Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Biomèdiques, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona School of Medicine, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Asunción Romero
- Pain Research Unit, Department of Anesthesiology, IMIM-Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Biomèdiques, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona School of Medicine, Barcelona, Spain
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Perrone MG, Vitale P, Panella A, Ferorelli S, Contino M, Lavecchia A, Scilimati A. Isoxazole-Based-Scaffold Inhibitors Targeting Cyclooxygenases (COXs). ChemMedChem 2016; 11:1172-87. [DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201500439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Grazia Perrone
- Dipartimento di Farmacia-Scienze del Farmaco; Università degli Studi di Bari “A. Moro”; Via E. Orabona 4 70125 Bari Italy
| | - Paola Vitale
- Dipartimento di Farmacia-Scienze del Farmaco; Università degli Studi di Bari “A. Moro”; Via E. Orabona 4 70125 Bari Italy
| | - Andrea Panella
- Dipartimento di Farmacia-Scienze del Farmaco; Università degli Studi di Bari “A. Moro”; Via E. Orabona 4 70125 Bari Italy
| | - Savina Ferorelli
- Dipartimento di Farmacia-Scienze del Farmaco; Università degli Studi di Bari “A. Moro”; Via E. Orabona 4 70125 Bari Italy
| | - Marialessandra Contino
- Dipartimento di Farmacia-Scienze del Farmaco; Università degli Studi di Bari “A. Moro”; Via E. Orabona 4 70125 Bari Italy
| | - Antonio Lavecchia
- Dipartimento di Farmacia; “Drug Discovery” Laboratory; Università di Napoli “Federico II”; Via D. Montesano 49 80131 Napoli Italy
| | - Antonio Scilimati
- Dipartimento di Farmacia-Scienze del Farmaco; Università degli Studi di Bari “A. Moro”; Via E. Orabona 4 70125 Bari Italy
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Vitale P, Panella A, Scilimati A, Perrone MG. COX-1 Inhibitors: Beyond Structure Toward Therapy. Med Res Rev 2016; 36:641-71. [DOI: 10.1002/med.21389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2015] [Revised: 01/21/2016] [Accepted: 02/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Paola Vitale
- Department of Pharmacy - Pharmaceutical Sciences; University of Bari “A. Moro”; 70125 Bari Italy
| | - Andrea Panella
- Department of Pharmacy - Pharmaceutical Sciences; University of Bari “A. Moro”; 70125 Bari Italy
| | - Antonio Scilimati
- Department of Pharmacy - Pharmaceutical Sciences; University of Bari “A. Moro”; 70125 Bari Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Perrone
- Department of Pharmacy - Pharmaceutical Sciences; University of Bari “A. Moro”; 70125 Bari Italy
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41
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Kapitanović Vidak H, Catela Ivković T, Vidak Z, Kapitanović S. COX-1 and COX-2 polymorphisms in susceptibility to cerebral palsy in very preterm infants. Mol Neurobiol 2016; 54:930-938. [PMID: 26781425 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-016-9713-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2015] [Accepted: 01/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Cerebral palsy (CP) is a nonprogressive motor disorder caused by white matter damage in the developing brain. Recent epidemiological and clinical data suggest intrauterine infection/inflammation as the most common cause of preterm delivery and neonatal complications, including CP. Cyclooxygenases are key enzymes in the conversion of arachidonic acid to prostaglandins. The COX family consists of two isoforms, COX-1 and COX-2. In the brain, COX-2 is constitutively expressed at high levels on pyramidal neurons, while COX-1 is predominantly expressed by microglia and can be upregulated in pathological conditions, such as infection, ischemia and traumatic brain injury. Single nucleotide polymorphisms in the COX-1 and COX-2 gene could have profound effects on COX-1 and COX-2 expression and, directly or indirectly, influence the pathogenesis, development and severity of CP. In this study we investigated the association between single nucleotide polymorphisms of the COX-1 and COX-2 gene and susceptibility to cerebral palsy in very preterm infants. The results of our study showed the association between COX-1 high expression genotype (-842 AA) and COX-1 high expression allele -842A and risk of CP in infants with cystic periventricular leucomalacia (cPVL). Our results support an important role of COX-1 enzyme on microglial activation during neuroinflammation resulting in huge neuroinflammatory response and the proinflammatory mediator overproduction, with the serious white matter damage and CP development as a consequence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena Kapitanović Vidak
- Special Hospital for Children with Neurodevelopmental and Motor Difficulties, Goljak 2, Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Tina Catela Ivković
- Laboratory for Personalized Medicine, Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička c. 54, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Zoran Vidak
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Neonatology, Clinical Hospital Merkur, Ivana Zajca 19, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Sanja Kapitanović
- Laboratory for Personalized Medicine, Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička c. 54, Zagreb, Croatia
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42
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Konkle ME, Blobaum AL, Moth CW, Prusakiewicz JJ, Xu S, Ghebreselasie K, Akingbade D, Jacobs AT, Rouzer CA, Lybrand TP, Marnett LJ. Conservative Secondary Shell Substitution In Cyclooxygenase-2 Reduces Inhibition by Indomethacin Amides and Esters via Altered Enzyme Dynamics. Biochemistry 2015; 55:348-59. [PMID: 26704937 PMCID: PMC4721528 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.5b01222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
The cyclooxygenase enzymes (COX-1 and COX-2) are the therapeutic targets of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Neutralization of the carboxylic acid moiety of the NSAID indomethacin to an ester or amide functionality confers COX-2 selectivity, but the molecular basis for this selectivity has not been completely revealed through mutagenesis studies and/or X-ray crystallographic attempts. We expressed and assayed a number of divergent secondary shell COX-2 active site mutants and found that a COX-2 to COX-1 change at position 472 (Leu in COX-2, Met in COX-1) reduced the potency of enzyme inhibition by a series of COX-2-selective indomethacin amides and esters. In contrast, the potencies of indomethacin, arylacetic acid, propionic acid, and COX-2-selective diarylheterocycle inhibitors were either unaffected or only mildly affected by this mutation. Molecular dynamics simulations revealed identical equilibrium enzyme structures around residue 472; however, calculations indicated that the L472M mutation impacted local low-frequency dynamical COX constriction site motions by stabilizing the active site entrance and slowing constriction site dynamics. Kinetic analysis of inhibitor binding is consistent with the computational findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary E Konkle
- Departments of Biochemistry, ‡Chemistry, and §Pharmacology, Vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology, Center for Structural Biology, Center in Molecular Toxicology, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine , Nashville Tennessee 37232-0146, United States
| | - Anna L Blobaum
- Departments of Biochemistry, ‡Chemistry, and §Pharmacology, Vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology, Center for Structural Biology, Center in Molecular Toxicology, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine , Nashville Tennessee 37232-0146, United States
| | - Christopher W Moth
- Departments of Biochemistry, ‡Chemistry, and §Pharmacology, Vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology, Center for Structural Biology, Center in Molecular Toxicology, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine , Nashville Tennessee 37232-0146, United States
| | - Jeffery J Prusakiewicz
- Departments of Biochemistry, ‡Chemistry, and §Pharmacology, Vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology, Center for Structural Biology, Center in Molecular Toxicology, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine , Nashville Tennessee 37232-0146, United States
| | - Shu Xu
- Departments of Biochemistry, ‡Chemistry, and §Pharmacology, Vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology, Center for Structural Biology, Center in Molecular Toxicology, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine , Nashville Tennessee 37232-0146, United States
| | - Kebreab Ghebreselasie
- Departments of Biochemistry, ‡Chemistry, and §Pharmacology, Vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology, Center for Structural Biology, Center in Molecular Toxicology, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine , Nashville Tennessee 37232-0146, United States
| | - Dapo Akingbade
- Departments of Biochemistry, ‡Chemistry, and §Pharmacology, Vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology, Center for Structural Biology, Center in Molecular Toxicology, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine , Nashville Tennessee 37232-0146, United States
| | - Aaron T Jacobs
- Departments of Biochemistry, ‡Chemistry, and §Pharmacology, Vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology, Center for Structural Biology, Center in Molecular Toxicology, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine , Nashville Tennessee 37232-0146, United States
| | - Carol A Rouzer
- Departments of Biochemistry, ‡Chemistry, and §Pharmacology, Vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology, Center for Structural Biology, Center in Molecular Toxicology, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine , Nashville Tennessee 37232-0146, United States
| | - Terry P Lybrand
- Departments of Biochemistry, ‡Chemistry, and §Pharmacology, Vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology, Center for Structural Biology, Center in Molecular Toxicology, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine , Nashville Tennessee 37232-0146, United States
| | - Lawrence J Marnett
- Departments of Biochemistry, ‡Chemistry, and §Pharmacology, Vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology, Center for Structural Biology, Center in Molecular Toxicology, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine , Nashville Tennessee 37232-0146, United States
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43
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Perrone MG, Vitale P, Panella A, Fortuna CG, Scilimati A. General role of the amino and methylsulfamoyl groups in selective cyclooxygenase(COX)-1 inhibition by 1,4-diaryl-1,2,3-triazoles and validation of a predictive pharmacometric PLS model. Eur J Med Chem 2015; 94:252-64. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2015.02.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2014] [Revised: 02/23/2015] [Accepted: 02/24/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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44
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Perrone MG, Lofrumento DD, Vitale P, De Nuccio F, La Pesa V, Panella A, Calvello R, Cianciulli A, Panaro MA, Scilimati A. Selective Cyclooxygenase-1 Inhibition by P6 and Gastrotoxicity: Preliminary Investigation. Pharmacology 2015; 95:22-8. [DOI: 10.1159/000369826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2014] [Accepted: 11/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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45
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Uddin MJ, Elleman AV, Ghebreselasie K, Daniel CK, Crews BC, Nance KD, Huda T, Marnett LJ. Design of Fluorine-Containing 3,4-Diarylfuran-2(5H)-ones as Selective COX-1 Inhibitors. ACS Med Chem Lett 2014; 5:1254-8. [PMID: 25408841 DOI: 10.1021/ml500344j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2014] [Accepted: 10/12/2014] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
We report the design and synthesis of fluorine-containing cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1)-selective inhibitors to serve as prototypes for the development of a COX-1-targeted imaging agent. Deletion of the SO2CH3 group of rofecoxib switches the compound from a COX-2- to a COX-1-selective inhibitor, providing a 3,4-diarylfuran-2(5H)-one scaffold for structure-activity relationship studies of COX-1 inhibition. A wide range of fluorine-containing 3,4-diarylfuran-2(5H)-ones were designed, synthesized, and tested for their ability to selectively inhibit COX-1 in purified protein and human cancer cell assays. Compounds containing a fluoro-substituent on the C-3 phenyl ring and a methoxy-substituent on the C-4 phenyl ring of the 3,4-diarylfuran-2(5H)-one scaffold were the best COX-1-selective agents of those evaluated, exhibiting IC50s in the submicromolar range. These compounds provide the foundation for development of an agent to facilitate radiologic imaging of ovarian cancer expressing elevated levels of COX-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md. Jashim Uddin
- A. B. Hancock, Jr., Memorial
Laboratory for Cancer Research, Department of Biochemistry, Chemistry
and Pharmacology, Vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology, Center
for Molecular Toxicology and Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Anna V. Elleman
- A. B. Hancock, Jr., Memorial
Laboratory for Cancer Research, Department of Biochemistry, Chemistry
and Pharmacology, Vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology, Center
for Molecular Toxicology and Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Kebreab Ghebreselasie
- A. B. Hancock, Jr., Memorial
Laboratory for Cancer Research, Department of Biochemistry, Chemistry
and Pharmacology, Vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology, Center
for Molecular Toxicology and Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Cristina K. Daniel
- A. B. Hancock, Jr., Memorial
Laboratory for Cancer Research, Department of Biochemistry, Chemistry
and Pharmacology, Vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology, Center
for Molecular Toxicology and Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Brenda C. Crews
- A. B. Hancock, Jr., Memorial
Laboratory for Cancer Research, Department of Biochemistry, Chemistry
and Pharmacology, Vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology, Center
for Molecular Toxicology and Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Kellie D. Nance
- A. B. Hancock, Jr., Memorial
Laboratory for Cancer Research, Department of Biochemistry, Chemistry
and Pharmacology, Vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology, Center
for Molecular Toxicology and Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Tamanna Huda
- A. B. Hancock, Jr., Memorial
Laboratory for Cancer Research, Department of Biochemistry, Chemistry
and Pharmacology, Vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology, Center
for Molecular Toxicology and Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Lawrence J. Marnett
- A. B. Hancock, Jr., Memorial
Laboratory for Cancer Research, Department of Biochemistry, Chemistry
and Pharmacology, Vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology, Center
for Molecular Toxicology and Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
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Suthar SK, Sharma M. Recent Developments in Chimeric NSAIDs as Safer Anti-Inflammatory Agents. Med Res Rev 2014; 35:341-407. [DOI: 10.1002/med.21331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sharad Kumar Suthar
- Department of Pharmacy; Jaypee University of Information Technology; Waknaghat 173234 India
| | - Manu Sharma
- Department of Pharmacy; Jaypee University of Information Technology; Waknaghat 173234 India
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47
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Dragone T, Cianciulli A, Calvello R, Porro C, Trotta T, Panaro MA. Resveratrol counteracts lipopolysaccharide-mediated microglial inflammation by modulating a SOCS-1 dependent signaling pathway. Toxicol In Vitro 2014; 28:1126-35. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2014.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2013] [Revised: 03/31/2014] [Accepted: 05/05/2014] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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PET radiotracer [¹⁸F]-P6 selectively targeting COX-1 as a novel biomarker in ovarian cancer: preliminary investigation. Eur J Med Chem 2014; 80:562-568. [PMID: 24832612 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2014.04.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2013] [Revised: 04/23/2014] [Accepted: 04/25/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1), but not COX-2, is expressed at high levels in the early stages of human epithelial ovarian cancer where it seems to play a key role in cancer onset and progression. As a consequence, COX-1 is an ideal biomarker for early ovarian cancer detection. A series of novel fluorinated COX-1-targeted imaging agents derived from P6 was developed by using a highly selective COX-1 inhibitor as a lead compound. Among these new compounds, designed by structural modification of P6, 3-(5-chlorofuran-2-yl)-5-(fluoromethyl)-4-phenylisoxazole ([(18/19)F]-P6) is the most promising derivative [IC50 = 2.0 μM (purified oCOX-1) and 1.37 μM (hOVCAR-3 cell COX-1)]. Its tosylate precursor was also prepared and, a method for radio[(18)F]chemistry was developed and optimized. The radiochemistry was carried out using a carrier-free K(18)F/Kryptofix 2.2.2 complex, that afforded [(18)F]-P6 in good radiochemical yield (18%) and high purity (>95%). In vivo PET/CT imaging data showed that the radiotracer [(18)F]-P6 was selectively taken up by COX-1-expressing ovarian carcinoma (OVCAR 3) tumor xenografts as compared with the normal leg muscle. Our results suggest that [(18)F]-P6 might be an useful radiotracer in preclinical and clinical settings for in vivo PET-CT imaging of tissues that express elevated levels of COX-1.
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49
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Hassan GS, Abou-Seri SM, Kamel G, Ali MM. Celecoxib analogs bearing benzofuran moiety as cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors: design, synthesis and evaluation as potential anti-inflammatory agents. Eur J Med Chem 2014; 76:482-93. [PMID: 24607877 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2014.02.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2013] [Revised: 02/11/2014] [Accepted: 02/13/2014] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Novel series of celecoxib analogs endowed with benzofuran moiety 3a-e and 9a-d were synthesized and evaluated for COX-1/COX-2 inhibitory activity in vitro. The most potent and selective COX-2 inhibitors - compounds 3c, 3d, 3e, 9c and 9d - were assessed for their anti-inflammatory activity and ulcerogenic liability in vivo. The 3-(pyridin-3-yl)pyrazole derivatives 3c and 3e exhibited the highest anti-inflammatory activity, that is equipotent to celecoxib. Furthermore, the tested compounds proved to have better gastric safety profile compared to celecoxib. In particular, compound 3e demonstrated about 40% reduction in ulcerogenic potential relative to the reference drug. Finally, molecular docking simulation of the new compounds in COX-2 active site and drug likeness studies showed good agreement with the obtained pharmaco-biological results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghaneya Sayed Hassan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini Street, Cairo 11562, Egypt
| | - Sahar Mahmoud Abou-Seri
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini Street, Cairo 11562, Egypt.
| | - Gehan Kamel
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Veterinary, Cairo University, Egypt
| | - Mamdouh Moawad Ali
- Biochemistry Department, Division of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
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Vitale P, Perrone MG, Malerba P, Lavecchia A, Scilimati A. Selective COX-1 inhibition as a target of theranostic novel diarylisoxazoles. Eur J Med Chem 2014; 74:606-18. [PMID: 24531199 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2013.12.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2013] [Revised: 12/05/2013] [Accepted: 12/19/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Cyclooxygenase(COX)-1 role in some diseases is increasingly studied. 3-(5-Chlorofuran-2-yl)-5-methyl-4-phenylisoxazole (P6), a highly selective cyclooxygenase-1 inhibitor, was used as a "lead" to design new isoxazoles (2a-m), differently selective towards COX-1. Those isoxazoles might be useful as novel theranostic agents and also to better clarify COX-1 role in the human physiology and diseases. 2a-m were prepared in fair to good yields developing suitable synthetic strategies. They were evaluated in vitro for their COX-inhibitory activity and selectivity. Structure-activity relationship studies of the novel set of diarylisoxazoles allowed to identify new key determinants for COX-1 selectivity, and to uncover compounds appropriate for a deep pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic investigation. 3-(5-Chlorofuran-2yl)-4-phenylisoxazol-5-amine (2f) was the most active compound of the series, its inhibitory activity was assessed in purified enzyme (COX-1 IC₅₀ = 1.1 μM; COX-2 IC₅₀ > 50 μM) and in the ovarian cancer cell line (OVCAR-3) expressing only COX-1 (IC₅₀ = 0.58 μM). Furthermore, the high inhibitory potency of 2f was rationalized through docking simulations in terms of interactions with a crystallographic model of the COX-1 binding site. We found critical interactions between the inhibitor and constriction residues R120 and Y355 at the base of the active site, as well as with S530 at the top of the side pocket.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Vitale
- Department of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari "A. Moro", Via Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Perrone
- Department of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari "A. Moro", Via Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Paola Malerba
- Department of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari "A. Moro", Via Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Antonio Lavecchia
- Department of Pharmacy, "Drug Discovery" Laboratory, University of Naples Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy.
| | - Antonio Scilimati
- Department of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari "A. Moro", Via Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy.
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