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Zhou X, Zhu Y, Gao L, Li Y, Li H, Huang C, Liu Y, Hu A, Ying C, Song Y. Binding of RAGE and RIPK1 induces cognitive deficits in chronic hyperglycemia-derived neuroinflammation. CNS Neurosci Ther 2024; 30:e14449. [PMID: 37665158 PMCID: PMC10916433 DOI: 10.1111/cns.14449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 07/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Chronic hyperglycemia-induced inflammation of the hippocampus is an important cause of cognitive deficits in diabetic patients. The receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE), which is widely expressed in the hippocampus, is a crucial factor in this inflammation and the associated cognitive deficits. We aimed to reveal the underlying mechanism by which RAGE regulates neuroinflammation in the pathogenesis of diabetes-induced cognitive impairment. METHODS We used db/db mice as a model for type 2 diabetes to investigate whether receptor-interacting serine/threonine protein kinase 1 (RIPK1), which is expressed in microglia in the hippocampal region, is a key protein partner for RAGE. GST pull-down assays and AutoDock Vina simulations were performed to identify the key structural domain in RAGE that binds to RIPK1. Western blotting, co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP), and immunofluorescence (IF) were used to detect the levels of key proteins or interaction between RAGE and RIPK1. Cognitive deficits in the mice were assessed with the Morris water maze (MWM) and new object recognition (NOR) and fear-conditioning tests. RESULTS RAGE binds directly to RIPK1 via the amino acid sequence (AAs) 362-367, thereby upregulating phosphorylation of RIPK1, which results in activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome in microglia and ultimately leads to cognitive impairments in db/db mice. We mutated RAGE AAs 362-367 to reverse neuroinflammation in the hippocampus and improve cognitive function, suggesting that RAGE AAs 362-367 is a key structural domain that binds directly to RIPK1. These results also indicate that hyperglycemia-induced inflammation in the hippocampus is dependent on direct binding of RAGE and RIPK1. CONCLUSION Direct interaction of RAGE and RIPK1 via AAs 362-367 is an important mechanism for enhanced neuroinflammation in the hyperglycemic environment and is a key node in the development of cognitive deficits in diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Zhou
- Xuzhou Engineering Research Center of Medical Genetics and Transformation, Department of GeneticsXuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhouJiangsuChina
| | - Yandong Zhu
- The Graduate SchoolXuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhouJiangsuChina
| | - Lin Gao
- The Graduate SchoolXuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhouJiangsuChina
| | - Yan Li
- The Graduate SchoolXuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhouJiangsuChina
| | - Hui Li
- The Graduate SchoolXuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhouJiangsuChina
| | - Chengyu Huang
- The Graduate SchoolXuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhouJiangsuChina
| | - Yan Liu
- The Graduate SchoolXuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhouJiangsuChina
| | - Ankang Hu
- Lab Animal CenterXuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhouChina
| | - Changjiang Ying
- Department of EndocrinologyAffiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhouJiangsuChina
| | - Yuanjian Song
- Xuzhou Engineering Research Center of Medical Genetics and Transformation, Department of GeneticsXuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhouJiangsuChina
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2
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Hosoki S, Hansra GK, Jayasena T, Poljak A, Mather KA, Catts VS, Rust R, Sagare A, Kovacic JC, Brodtmann A, Wallin A, Zlokovic BV, Ihara M, Sachdev PS. Molecular biomarkers for vascular cognitive impairment and dementia. Nat Rev Neurol 2023; 19:737-753. [PMID: 37957261 DOI: 10.1038/s41582-023-00884-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
As disease-specific interventions for dementia are being developed, the ability to identify the underlying pathology and dementia subtypes is increasingly important. Vascular cognitive impairment and dementia (VCID) is the second most common cause of dementia after Alzheimer disease, but progress in identifying molecular biomarkers for accurate diagnosis of VCID has been relatively limited. In this Review, we examine the roles of large and small vessel disease in VCID, considering the underlying pathophysiological processes that lead to vascular brain injury, including atherosclerosis, arteriolosclerosis, ischaemic injury, haemorrhage, hypoperfusion, endothelial dysfunction, blood-brain barrier breakdown, inflammation, oxidative stress, hypoxia, and neuronal and glial degeneration. We consider the key molecules in these processes, including proteins and peptides, metabolites, lipids and circulating RNA, and consider their potential as molecular biomarkers alone and in combination. We also discuss the challenges in translating the promise of these biomarkers into clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Hosoki
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, Discipline of Psychiatry and Mental Health, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Department of Neurology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Osaka, Japan
| | - Gurpreet K Hansra
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, Discipline of Psychiatry and Mental Health, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Tharusha Jayasena
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, Discipline of Psychiatry and Mental Health, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Anne Poljak
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, Discipline of Psychiatry and Mental Health, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Bioanalytical Mass Spectrometry Facility, Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Karen A Mather
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, Discipline of Psychiatry and Mental Health, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Vibeke S Catts
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, Discipline of Psychiatry and Mental Health, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Ruslan Rust
- Department of Physiology and Neuroscience, Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Abhay Sagare
- Department of Physiology and Neuroscience, Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jason C Kovacic
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, NY, USA
- Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia
- St Vincent's Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Amy Brodtmann
- Department of Neurology, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Anders Wallin
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Berislav V Zlokovic
- Department of Physiology and Neuroscience, Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Masafumi Ihara
- Department of Neurology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Osaka, Japan
| | - Perminder S Sachdev
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, Discipline of Psychiatry and Mental Health, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
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3
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Horvat A, Vlašić I, Štefulj J, Oršolić N, Jazvinšćak Jembrek M. Flavonols as a Potential Pharmacological Intervention for Alleviating Cognitive Decline in Diabetes: Evidence from Preclinical Studies. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:2291. [PMID: 38137892 PMCID: PMC10744738 DOI: 10.3390/life13122291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a complex metabolic disease associated with reduced synaptic plasticity, atrophy of the hippocampus, and cognitive decline. Cognitive impairment results from several pathological mechanisms, including increased levels of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and their receptors, prolonged oxidative stress and impaired activity of endogenous mechanisms of antioxidant defense, neuroinflammation driven by the nuclear factor kappa-light-chain enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB), decreased expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), and disturbance of signaling pathways involved in neuronal survival and cognitive functioning. There is increasing evidence that dietary interventions can reduce the risk of various diabetic complications. In this context, flavonols, a highly abundant class of flavonoids in the human diet, are appreciated as a potential pharmacological intervention against cognitive decline in diabetes. In preclinical studies, flavonols have shown neuroprotective, antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, and memory-enhancing properties based on their ability to regulate glucose levels, attenuate oxidative stress and inflammation, promote the expression of neurotrophic factors, and regulate signaling pathways. The present review gives an overview of the molecular mechanisms involved in diabetes-induced cognitive dysfunctions and the results of preclinical studies showing that flavonols have the ability to alleviate cognitive impairment. Although the results from animal studies are promising, clinical and epidemiological studies are still needed to advance our knowledge on the potential of flavonols to improve cognitive decline in diabetic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anđela Horvat
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ignacija Vlašić
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Jasminka Štefulj
- Division of Molecular Biology, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
- Department of Psychology, Catholic University of Croatia, Ilica 242, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Nada Oršolić
- Division of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Rooseveltov trg 6, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Maja Jazvinšćak Jembrek
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
- Department of Psychology, Catholic University of Croatia, Ilica 242, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
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4
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Anirudhan A, Ahmad SF, Emran TB, Angulo-Bejarano PI, Sharma A, Ahmed SSSJ. Comparative Efficacy of Metformin and Glimepiride in Modulating Pharmacological Network to Increase BDNF Levels and Benefit Type 2 Diabetes-Related Cognitive Impairment. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2939. [PMID: 38001940 PMCID: PMC10669717 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11112939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Cognitive impairment is anotable complication of type 2 diabetes (T2DM), accompanied by reduced brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in the brain and blood. Anti-diabetic drugs reduce hyperglycemia, yet their effect on cognitive improvement is unknown. We aimed to investigate the effect of anti-diabetic drugs regulating BDNF in T2DM through computational and case-control study design. We obtained T2DMproteins viatext-mining to construct a T2DMprotein network. From the T2DMnetwork, the metformin and glimepiride interactomes and their crucial shortest-path-stimulating BDNF were identified. Using qRTPCR, the genes encoding the shortest-path proteins were assessed in four groups (untreated-T2DM, metformin-treated, glimepiride-treated, and healthy controls). Finally, ELISA was used to assess serum BDNF levels to validate drug efficacy. As a result of this investigation, aT2DMnetwork was constructed with 3683 text-mined proteins. Then, the T2DMnetwork was explored to generate a metformin and glimepiride interactome that establishes the critical shortest-path for BDNF stimulation. Metformin stimulates BDNF via APP binding to the PRKAB1 receptor. Whereas, glimepiride increases BDNF by binding to KCNJ11 via AP2M1 and ESR1 proteins. Both drug shortest-path encoding genes differed significantly between the groups. Unlike metformin, BDNF gene and protein expression rise significantly with glimepiride. Overall, glimepiride can effectively increase BDNF, which could benefit T2DM patients with cognitive deterioration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Athira Anirudhan
- Central Research Laboratory, Believers Church Medical College Hospital, Kuttapuzha, Thiruvalla 689101, Kerala, India
| | - Sheikh F. Ahmad
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Talha Bin Emran
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
- Legorreta Cancer Center, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh
| | - Paola Isabel Angulo-Bejarano
- Regional Department of Bioengineering, NatProLab-Plant Innovation Lab, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Queretaro 76130, Mexico
| | - Ashutosh Sharma
- Regional Department of Bioengineering, NatProLab-Plant Innovation Lab, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Queretaro 76130, Mexico
| | - Shiek S. S. J. Ahmed
- Drug Discovery and Multi-Omics Laboratory, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Kelambakkam 603103, Tamil Nadu, India
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5
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Zhang ZT, Deng SM, Chen C, He QH, Peng XW, Liang QF, Zhuang GD, Wang SM, Tang D. Pterostilbene could alleviate diabetic cognitive impairment by suppressing TLR4/NF-кB pathway through microbiota-gut-brain axis. Phytother Res 2023; 37:3522-3542. [PMID: 37037513 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
Abstract
Diabetic cognitive impairment (DCI) is a serious neurodegenerative disorder caused by diabetes, with chronic inflammation being a crucial factor in its pathogenesis. Pterostilbene is a well-known natural stilbene derivative that has excellent anti-inflammatory activity, suggesting its potential medicinal advantages for treating DCI. Therefore, this study is to explore the beneficial effects of pterostilbene for improving cognitive dysfunction in DCI mice. A diabetic model was induced by a high-fat diet plus streptozotocin (40 mg·kg-1 ) for consecutive 5 days. After the animals were confirmed to be in a diabetic state, they were treated with pterostilbene (20 or 60 mg·kg-1 , i.g.) for 10 weeks. Pharmacological evaluation showed pterostilbene could ameliorate cognitive dysfunction, regulate glycolipid metabolism disorders, improve neuronal damage, and reduce the accumulation of β-amyloid in DCI mice. Pterostilbene alleviated neuroinflammation by suppressing oxidative stress and carbonyl stress damage, astrocyte and microglia activation, and dopaminergic neuronal loss. Further investigations showed that pterostilbene reduced the level of lipopolysaccharide, modulated colon and brain TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathways, and decreased the release of inflammatory factors, which in turn inhibited intestinal inflammation and neuroinflammation. Furthermore, pterostilbene could also improve the homeostasis of intestinal microbiota, increase the levels of short-chain fatty acids and their receptors, and suppress the loss of intestinal tight junction proteins. In addition, the results of plasma non-targeted metabolomics revealed that pterostilbene could modulate differential metabolites and metabolic pathways associated with inflammation, thereby suppressing systemic inflammation in DCI mice. Collectively, our study found for the first time that pterostilbene could alleviate diabetic cognitive dysfunction by inhibiting the TLR4/NF-κB pathway through the microbiota-gut-brain axis, which may be one of the potential mechanisms for its neuroprotective effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Tong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Digital Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica of State Administration of TCM and Engineering & Technology Research Center for Chinese Materia Medica Quality of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for Development and Application of External Drugs in TCM, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Si-Min Deng
- Key Laboratory of Digital Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica of State Administration of TCM and Engineering & Technology Research Center for Chinese Materia Medica Quality of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Digital Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica of State Administration of TCM and Engineering & Technology Research Center for Chinese Materia Medica Quality of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qing-Hui He
- Amway (China) R&D Co. Ltd., Guangzhou, China
| | | | - Qing-Feng Liang
- Key Laboratory of Digital Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica of State Administration of TCM and Engineering & Technology Research Center for Chinese Materia Medica Quality of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guo-Dong Zhuang
- Key Laboratory of Digital Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica of State Administration of TCM and Engineering & Technology Research Center for Chinese Materia Medica Quality of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shu-Mei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Digital Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica of State Administration of TCM and Engineering & Technology Research Center for Chinese Materia Medica Quality of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dan Tang
- Key Laboratory of Digital Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica of State Administration of TCM and Engineering & Technology Research Center for Chinese Materia Medica Quality of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
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Basova LV, Lindsey A, McGovern A, Rosander A, Delorme-Walker V, ElShamy WM, Pendyala VV, Gaskill PJ, Ellis RJ, Cherner M, Iudicello JE, Marcondes MCG. MRP8/14 Is a Molecular Signature Triggered by Dopamine in HIV Latent Myeloid Targets That Increases HIV Transcription and Distinguishes HIV+ Methamphetamine Users with Detectable CSF Viral Load and Brain Pathology. Viruses 2023; 15:1363. [PMID: 37376663 PMCID: PMC10304659 DOI: 10.3390/v15061363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
There is a significant overlap between HIV infection and substance-use disorders. Dopamine (DA) is the most abundantly upregulated neurotransmitter in methamphetamine abuse, with receptors (DRD1-5) that are expressed by neurons as well as by a large diversity of cell types, including innate immune cells that are the targets of HIV infection, making them responsive to the hyperdopaminergic environment that is characteristic of stimulant drugs. Therefore, the presence of high levels of dopamine may affect the pathogenesis of HIV, particularly in the brain. The stimulation of HIV latently infected U1 promonocytes with DA significantly increased viral p24 levels in the supernatant at 24 h, suggesting effects on activation and replication. Using selective agonists to different DRDs, we found that DRD1 played a major role in activating viral transcription, followed by DRD4, which increased p24 with a slower kinetic rate compared to DRD1. Transcriptome and systems biology analyses led to the identification of a cluster of genes responsive to DA, where S100A8 and S100A9 were most significantly correlated with the early increase in p24 levels following DA stimulation. Conversely, DA increased the expression of these genes' transcripts at the protein level, MRP8 and MRP14, respectively, which form a complex also known as calprotectin. Interestingly, MRP8/14 was able to stimulate HIV transcription in latent U1 cells, and this occurred via binding of the complex to the receptor for an advanced glycosylation end-product (RAGE). Using selective agonists, both DRD1 and DRD4 increased MRP8/14 on the surface, in the cytoplasm, as well as secreted in the supernatants. On the other hand, while DRD1/5 did not affect the expression of RAGE, DRD4 stimulation caused its downregulation, offering a mechanism for the delayed effect via DRD4 on the p24 increase. To cross-validate MRP8/14 as a DA signature with a biomarker value, we tested its expression in HIV+ Meth users' postmortem brain specimens and peripheral cells. MRP8/14+ cells were more frequently identified in mesolimbic areas such as the basal ganglia of HIV+ Meth+ cases compared to HIV+ non-Meth users or to controls. Likewise, MRP8/14+ CD11b+ monocytes were more frequent in HIV+ Meth users, particularly in specimens from participants with a detectable viral load in the CSF. Overall, our results suggest that the MRP8 and MRP14 complex may serve as a signature to distinguish subjects using addictive substances in the context of HIV, and that this may play a role in aggravating HIV pathology by promoting viral replication in people with HIV who use Meth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liana V. Basova
- San Diego Biomedical Research Institute, San Diego, CA 92121, USA
| | | | | | - Ashley Rosander
- San Diego Biomedical Research Institute, San Diego, CA 92121, USA
- Human Biology Program BISP, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA 92037, USA
| | | | - Wael M. ElShamy
- San Diego Biomedical Research Institute, San Diego, CA 92121, USA
| | | | | | - Ronald J. Ellis
- HIV Neurobehavioral Research Program, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA 92103, USA
| | - Mariana Cherner
- HIV Neurobehavioral Research Program, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA 92103, USA
| | - Jennifer E. Iudicello
- HIV Neurobehavioral Research Program, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA 92103, USA
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Hajizadeh Tekmeh H, Vanizor Kural B, Kör S, Arıkan Malkoç M, Yuluğ E, Kutlu A, Abidin İ, Orem A. How does l-theanine treatment affect the levels of serum and hippocampal BDNF, insulin and adipocytokines in diabetic rats? Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023; 667:95-103. [PMID: 37210871 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.05.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetes Mellitus (DM), a metabolic disease characterized by the increased blood glucose level, insulin deficiency or ineffectiveness, may cause structural and functional disorders in the brain. l-Theanine (LTN) has the relaxing, psychoactive, antidepressant, anti-inflammatory and antinecrotic properties, and regulates the functions of hippocampus (HP) in brain. In the present study, the aim was to identify the effects LTN on the levels of BDNF, insulin and adipocytokines (TNF-α, leptin, adiponectin and resistin) in both HP and serum of diabetic rats. METHODS 32 male Wistar rats were divided into four groups (n = 8/group): Control, LTN, DM and DM + LTN. Diabetes was induced by by nicotinamide/streptozotocin. 200 mg/kg/day LTN treatment was applied for 28 days. The serum and hippocampal levels of the parameters were determined by using commercial ELISA kits. Additionally, HP tissues examined histopathologically. RESULTS LTN treatment significantly decreased leptin and adiponectin levels in HP tissues in diabetic rats (p < 0.05). Although it decreased the insulin level in both serum and HP, this was not statistically significant. No significant effect on other parameters was observed (p > 0.05). In histopathological analysis, although the damage was reduced by LTN in all sections of HP, this change was significant mainly in CA3 region (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION It was concluded that LTN has the ability to reduce hippocampal degeneration and modulates adipocytokines in diabetic rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamed Hajizadeh Tekmeh
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Karadeniz Technical University, 61080, Trabzon, Turkey.
| | - Birgul Vanizor Kural
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Karadeniz Technical University, 61080, Trabzon, Turkey.
| | - Sevil Kör
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Karadeniz Technical University, 61080, Trabzon, Turkey.
| | - Meltem Arıkan Malkoç
- Vocational School of Health Sciences, Karadeniz Technical University, 61080, Trabzon, Turkey.
| | - Esin Yuluğ
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Karadeniz Technical University, 61080, Trabzon, Turkey.
| | - Abdulkadir Kutlu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Karadeniz Technical University, 61080, Trabzon, Turkey.
| | - İsmail Abidin
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, Karadeniz Technical University, 61080, Trabzon, Turkey.
| | - Asım Orem
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Karadeniz Technical University, 61080, Trabzon, Turkey.
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8
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Moosaie F, Mohammadi S, Saghazadeh A, Dehghani Firouzabadi F, Rezaei N. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor in diabetes mellitus: A systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0268816. [PMID: 36787304 PMCID: PMC9928073 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0268816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is a neurotrophic factor expressed in several tissues, including the brain, gut, and pancreas. Activation of the BDNF/TrkB/CREB reduces hepatic gluconeogenesis, induces hepatic insulin signal transduction, and protects against pancreatic beta-cell loss in diabetes mellitus (DM). Several studies have investigated the possible association between BDNF and DM and its complications, but the results have been conflicting. AIM In the present study, we aimed at systematically reviewing the literature on the serum and plasma levels of BDNF in DM and its subgroups such as T2DM, DM patients with depression, and patients with retinopathy. METHODS A comprehensive search was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. We identified 28 eligible studies and calculated the standardized mean difference (SMD) of outcomes as an effect measure. RESULTS The meta-analysis included 2734 patients with DM and 6004 controls. Serum BDNF levels were significantly lower in patients with DM vs. controls (SMD = -1.00, P<0.001). Plasma BDNF levels were not different in patients with DM compared with controls. When conducting subgroup analysis, serum BDNF levels were lower among patients with T2DM (SMD = -1.26, P<0.001), DM and depression (SMD = -1.69, P<0.001), and patients with diabetic retinopathy (DR) vs. controls (SMD = -1.03, P = 0.01). CONCLUSIONS Serum BDNF levels were lower in patients with DM, T2DM, DM with depression, and DM and DR than the controls. Our findings are in line with the hypothesis that decreased BDNF levels might impair glucose metabolism and contribute to the pathogenesis of DM and its complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Moosaie
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Expert Group (SRMEG), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
- NeuroImaging Network (NIN), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Soheil Mohammadi
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- NeuroImaging Network (NIN), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amene Saghazadeh
- Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Children’s Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- MetaCognition Interest Group (MCIG), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Dehghani Firouzabadi
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center (EMRC), Vali-Asr Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nima Rezaei
- Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Children’s Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- MetaCognition Interest Group (MCIG), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- * E-mail: ,
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9
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Ren L, Liang J, Wan F, Wang Y, Dai XJ. Development of a Clinical Risk Score Prediction Tool for 5-, 9-, and 13-Year Risk of Dementia. JAMA Netw Open 2022; 5:e2242596. [PMID: 36394871 PMCID: PMC9672974 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.42596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Although researchers have devoted substantial efforts, money, and time to studying the causes of dementia and the means to prevent it, no effective treatment exists yet. Identifying preclinical risk factors of dementia could help prevent or delay its progression. OBJECTIVE To develop a point risk score prediction model of dementia. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS This study used a large UK population-based prospective cohort study conducted between March 13, 2006, and October 1, 2010. Data analysis was performed from June 7 to September 15, 2021. Individual analyses of time end points were concluded at the first dementia diagnosis during the follow-up period. The data were split into training and testing data sets to separately establish and validate a prediction model. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Outcomes of interest included 5-, 9-, and 13-year dementia risk. Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator and multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to identify available and practical dementia predictors. A point risk score model was developed for the individual prediction of 5-, 9-, and 13-year dementia risk. RESULTS A total of 502 505 participants were selected; the population after exclusions for missing data and dementia diagnosis at baseline was 444 695 (205 187 men; mean [SD] age, 56.74 [8.18] years; 239 508 women; mean [SD] age, 56.20 [8.01] years). Dementia occurrence during the 13 years of follow-up was 0.7% for men and 0.5% for women. The C statistic of the final multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression model was 0.86 for men and 0.85 for women in the training data set, and 0.85 for men and 0.87 for women in the testing data set. Men and women shared some modifiable risk and protective factors, but they also presented independent risk factors that accounted for 31.7% of men developing dementia and 53.35% of women developing dementia according to the weighted population-attributable fraction. The total point score of the risk score model ranged from -18 to 30 in men and -17 to 30 in women. The risk score model yielded nearly 100% prediction accuracy of 13-year dementia risk both in men and women. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE In this diagnostic study, a practical risk score tool was developed for individual prediction of dementia risk, which may help individuals identify their potential risk profile and provide guidance on precise and timely actions to promote dementia delay or prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Ren
- Shenzhen Mental Health Centre, Shenzhen Kangning Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Junxian Liang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China
- Center for Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Institute of Collaborative Innovation, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Feng Wan
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China
- Center for Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Institute of Collaborative Innovation, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Yongjun Wang
- Shenzhen Mental Health Centre, Shenzhen Kangning Hospital, Shenzhen, China
- College of Mental Health and Psychological Science, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Xi-jian Dai
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China
- Center for Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Institute of Collaborative Innovation, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China
- Department of Medical Imaging Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
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10
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Juranek J, Mukherjee K, Kordas B, Załęcki M, Korytko A, Zglejc-Waszak K, Szuszkiewicz J, Banach M. Role of RAGE in the Pathogenesis of Neurological Disorders. Neurosci Bull 2022; 38:1248-1262. [PMID: 35729453 PMCID: PMC9554177 DOI: 10.1007/s12264-022-00878-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
This review reflects upon our own as well as other investigators' studies on the role of receptor for advanced glycation end-products (RAGE), bringing up the latest information on RAGE in physiology and pathology of the nervous system. Over the last ten years, major progress has been made in uncovering many of RAGE-ligand interactions and signaling pathways in nervous tissue; however, the translation of these discoveries into clinical practice has not come to fruition yet. This is likely, in part to be the result of our incomplete understanding of this crucial signaling pathway. Clinical trials examining the therapeutic efficacy of blocking RAGE-external ligand interactions by genetically engineered soluble RAGE or an endogenous RAGE antagonist, has not stood up to its promise; however, other trials with different blocking agents are being considered with hope for therapeutic success in diseases of the nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judyta Juranek
- Department of Human Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury, 10-085, Olsztyn, Poland.
| | - Konark Mukherjee
- Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at VTC, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24016, USA
| | - Bernard Kordas
- Department of Human Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury, 10-085, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Michał Załęcki
- Department of Animal Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury, 10-719, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Korytko
- Department of Human Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury, 10-085, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Kamila Zglejc-Waszak
- Department of Human Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury, 10-085, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Jarosław Szuszkiewicz
- Department of Materials and Machines Technology, Faculty of Technical Sciences, University of Warmia and Mazury, 10-719, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Marta Banach
- Department of Neurology, Collegium Medicum, Jagiellonian University, 31-008, Kraków, Poland.
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11
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Ma H, Dong Y, Chu Y, Guo Y, Li L. The mechanisms of ferroptosis and its role in alzheimer’s disease. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:965064. [PMID: 36090039 PMCID: PMC9459389 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.965064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) accounts for two-thirds of all dementia cases, affecting 50 million people worldwide. Only four of the more than 100 AD drugs developed thus far have successfully improved AD symptoms. Furthermore, these improvements are only temporary, as no treatment can stop or reverse AD progression. A growing number of recent studies have demonstrated that iron-dependent programmed cell death, known as ferroptosis, contributes to AD-mediated nerve cell death. The ferroptosis pathways within nerve cells include iron homeostasis regulation, cystine/glutamate (Glu) reverse transporter (system xc−), glutathione (GSH)/glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4), and lipid peroxidation. In the regulation pathway of AD iron homeostasis, abnormal iron uptake, excretion and storage in nerve cells lead to increased intracellular free iron and Fenton reactions. Furthermore, decreased Glu transporter expression leads to Glu accumulation outside nerve cells, resulting in the inhibition of the system xc− pathway. GSH depletion causes abnormalities in GPX4, leading to excessive accumulation of lipid peroxides. Alterations in these specific pathways and amino acid metabolism eventually lead to ferroptosis. This review explores the connection between AD and the ferroptosis signaling pathways and amino acid metabolism, potentially informing future AD diagnosis and treatment methodologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyue Ma
- Department of Neurology, Hongqi Hospital of Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, China
| | - Yan Dong
- Department of Neurology, Hongqi Hospital of Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, China
| | - Yanhui Chu
- College of Life Sciences, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, China
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory of Tissue Damage and Repair, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, China
| | - Yanqin Guo
- Department of Neurology, Hongqi Hospital of Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, China
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory of Tissue Damage and Repair, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, China
- *Correspondence: Yanqin Guo, ; Luxin Li,
| | - Luxin Li
- College of Life Sciences, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, China
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory of Tissue Damage and Repair, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, China
- *Correspondence: Yanqin Guo, ; Luxin Li,
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12
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Yuan W, Song C. Crosstalk between bone and other organs. MEDICAL REVIEW (BERLIN, GERMANY) 2022; 2:331-348. [PMID: 37724328 PMCID: PMC10471111 DOI: 10.1515/mr-2022-0018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/06/2022] [Indexed: 09/20/2023]
Abstract
Bone has long been considered as a silent organ that provides a reservoir of calcium and phosphorus, traditionally. Recently, further study of bone has revealed additional functions as an endocrine organ connecting systemic organs of the whole body. Communication between bone and other organs participates in most physiological and pathological events and is responsible for the maintenance of homeostasis. Here, we present an overview of the crosstalk between bone and other organs. Furthermore, we describe the factors mediating the crosstalk and review the mechanisms in the development of potential associated diseases. These connections shed new light on the pathogenesis of systemic diseases and provide novel potential targets for the treatment of systemic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanqiong Yuan
- Department of Orthopedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Spinal Disease, Beijing, China
- Engineering Research Center of Bone and Joint Precision Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Chunli Song
- Department of Orthopedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Spinal Disease, Beijing, China
- Engineering Research Center of Bone and Joint Precision Medicine, Beijing, China
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13
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Bazzari AH, Bazzari FH. BDNF Therapeutic Mechanisms in Neuropsychiatric Disorders. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23158417. [PMID: 35955546 PMCID: PMC9368938 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is the most abundant neurotrophin in the adult brain and functions as both a primary neurotrophic signal and a neuromodulator. It serves essential roles in neuronal development, maintenance, transmission, and plasticity, thereby influencing aging, cognition, and behavior. Accumulating evidence associates reduced central and peripheral BDNF levels with various neuropsychiatric disorders, supporting its potential utilization as a biomarker of central pathologies. Subsequently, extensive research has been conducted to evaluate restoring, or otherwise augmenting, BDNF transmission as a potential therapeutic approach. Promising results were indeed observed for genetic BDNF upregulation or exogenous administration using a multitude of murine models of neurological and psychiatric diseases. However, varying mechanisms have been proposed to underlie the observed therapeutic effects, and many findings indicate the engagement of disease-specific and other non-specific mechanisms. This is because BDNF essentially affects all aspects of neuronal cellular function through tropomyosin receptor kinase B (TrkB) receptor signaling, the disruptions of which vary between brain regions across different pathologies leading to diversified consequences on cognition and behavior. Herein, we review the neurophysiology of BDNF transmission and signaling and classify the converging and diverging molecular mechanisms underlying its therapeutic potentials in neuropsychiatric disorders. These include neuroprotection, synaptic maintenance, immunomodulation, plasticity facilitation, secondary neuromodulation, and preservation of neurovascular unit integrity and cellular viability. Lastly, we discuss several findings suggesting BDNF as a common mediator of the therapeutic actions of centrally acting pharmacological agents used in the treatment of neurological and psychiatric illness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amjad H. Bazzari
- Faculty of Medicine, Arab American University, 13 Zababdeh, Jenin 240, Palestine
- Correspondence:
| | - Firas H. Bazzari
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Arab American University, 13 Zababdeh, Jenin 240, Palestine;
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Kytikova OY, Novgorodtseva TP, Denisenko YK, Antonyuk MV, Gvozdenko TA, Atamas OV. Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor And Coronary Artery Disease. RUSSIAN OPEN MEDICAL JOURNAL 2022. [DOI: 10.15275/rusomj.2022.0202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Coronary artery disease (CAD) is defined as myocardial damage developing as a result of its organic and functional changes, and leading to impaired blood flow through the coronary arteries. An important pathogenetic component of CAD is atherosclerosis. Currently, key aspects of the molecular relationship between inflammation and atherosclerosis are being actively studied, the immunometabolic theory of atherosclerosis is being discussed, along with an involvement of perivascular adipose tissue in the pathogenesis of this pathology, due to its ability to respond to atherogenic stimuli via developing inflammatory reactions. Evidence has been accumulated that in patients with CAD, both in their blood and perivascular adipose tissue, the level of neurotrophic factors (in particular, brain-derived neurotrophic factor, BDNF) changes, which may be a promising area of research from the standpoint of studying this factor as a therapeutic target for atherosclerosis in CAD. Neurotrophic growth factors control the functioning of both immune and nervous systems, and the balance of energy metabolism and innervation of adipose tissue. They affect vascular homeostasis, and are also involved in causing and stopping inflammation. Currently, there are data on the role of BDNF in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular, neurodegenerative and metabolic diseases, and on the effect of polyunsaturated fatty acids and eicosanoids on the level of BDNF and, accordingly, the development and progression of coronary artery atherosclerosis. Our review summarizes published data (2019-2021) on the pathophysiological and pathogenetic mechanisms of the relationship between BDNF and CAD (atherosclerosis).
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Affiliation(s)
- Oksana Yu. Kytikova
- Vladivostok Branch of Far Eastern Scientific Center of Physiology and Pathology of Respiration, Scientific Research Institute of Medical Climatology and Rehabilitation Therapy, Vladivostok, Russia
| | - Tatyana P. Novgorodtseva
- Vladivostok Branch of Far Eastern Scientific Center of Physiology and Pathology of Respiration, Scientific Research Institute of Medical Climatology and Rehabilitation Therapy, Vladivostok, Russia
| | - Yulia K. Denisenko
- Vladivostok Branch of Far Eastern Scientific Center of Physiology and Pathology of Respiration, Scientific Research Institute of Medical Climatology and Rehabilitation Therapy, Vladivostok, Russia
| | - Marina V. Antonyuk
- Vladivostok Branch of Far Eastern Scientific Center of Physiology and Pathology of Respiration, Scientific Research Institute of Medical Climatology and Rehabilitation Therapy, Vladivostok, Russia
| | - Tatyana A. Gvozdenko
- Vladivostok Branch of Far Eastern Scientific Center of Physiology and Pathology of Respiration, Scientific Research Institute of Medical Climatology and Rehabilitation Therapy, Vladivostok, Russia
| | - Olga V. Atamas
- Vladivostok Branch of Far Eastern Scientific Center of Physiology and Pathology of Respiration, Scientific Research Institute of Medical Climatology and Rehabilitation Therapy, Vladivostok, Russia
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15
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Diagnostic, Prognostic, and Mechanistic Biomarkers of Diabetes Mellitus-Associated Cognitive Decline. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23116144. [PMID: 35682821 PMCID: PMC9181591 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23116144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Cognitive dysfunctions such as mild cognitive impairment (MCI), Alzheimer’s disease (AD), and other forms of dementia are recognized as common comorbidities of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Currently, there are no disease-modifying therapies or definitive clinical diagnostic and prognostic tools for dementia, and the mechanisms underpinning the link between T2DM and cognitive dysfunction remain equivocal. Some of the suggested pathophysiological mechanisms underlying cognitive decline in diabetes patients include hyperglycemia, insulin resistance and altered insulin signaling, neuroinflammation, cerebral microvascular injury, and buildup of cerebral amyloid and tau proteins. Given the skyrocketing global rates of diabetes and neurodegenerative disorders, there is an urgent need to discover novel biomarkers relevant to the co-morbidity of both conditions to guide future diagnostic approaches. This review aims to provide a comprehensive background of the potential risk factors, the identified biomarkers of diabetes-related cognitive decrements, and the underlying processes of diabetes-associated cognitive dysfunction. Aging, poor glycemic control, hypoglycemia and hyperglycemic episodes, depression, and vascular complications are associated with increased risk of dementia. Conclusive research studies that have attempted to find specific biomarkers are limited. However, the most frequent considerations in such investigations are related to C reactive protein, tau protein, brain-derived neurotrophic factor, advanced glycation end products, glycosylated hemoglobin, and adipokines.
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16
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Effects of Leisure-Time Physical Activity on Cognitive Reserve Biomarkers and Leisure Motivation in the Pre-Diabetes Elderly. Healthcare (Basel) 2022; 10:healthcare10040737. [PMID: 35455914 PMCID: PMC9032024 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare10040737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the change in cognitive reserve biomarkers of the pre-diabetic individual according to the types of leisure-time physical activity (aerobic or resistance physical activity). The research subjects (n = 184) who participated in the survey were pre-diabetic and diabetic patients who were visiting university hospitals and welfare centers. The intervention subjects (n = 36) who were elderly females with pre-diabetes volunteered to participate in the study by performing regular physical exercise (aerobic or resistance exercise). The study participants were 65 years of age or older with pre-diabetes defined by a glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) level of (5.7−6.4)%. All research subjects performed motivation and stress questionnaire survey. All intervention subjects participated in leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) for 12 weeks. Body composition, HbA1c, and cognitive reserve biomarkers were measured at baseline, and at 6 and 12 weeks. LTPA motivation confirmed that the LTPA participants had a high level of motivation. Stress confirmed that the stress level of LTPA participants was low. Two-way within-factor ANOVA revealed significant group × time interaction for weight (p < 0.05), BMI (p < 0.01), % fat (p < 0.001), SBP (p < 0.05), HbA1c (p < 0.001), BDNF (p < 0.001), and Beta-Amyloid 1−42 (p < 0.001). In both physical activity groups, HbA1c (p < 0.001), NGF (p < 0.05), BDNF (p < 0.05), and Cathepsin B (p < 0.05) improved significantly at 12 weeks, compared to baseline and 6 weeks. In the resistance physical activity group, Beta-Amyloid 1−42 (p < 0.01) and Homocysteine (p < 0.05) significantly decreased at 12 weeks, compared to baseline and at 6 weeks. The LTPA showed high levels of integrated and identified regulation among leisure motive types, and the level of stress was found to be low. The LTPA is effective in reducing the HbA1c levels of the pre-diabetes elderly. In addition, the pre-diabetes elderly were found to have increased NGF, BDNF, and cathepsin B, and decreased Beta-Amyloid 1−42 and homocysteine. Regular leisure-time physical activity has a positive effect on cognitive reserve biomarkers through improving glycemic control by reducing weight and % fat in the pre-diabetes elderly.
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Zhou X, Ying C, Hu B, Zhang Y, Gan T, Zhu Y, Wang N, Li A, Song Y. Receptor for advanced glycation end products aggravates cognitive deficits in type 2 diabetes through binding of C-terminal AAs 2-5 to mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 3 (MKK3) and facilitation of MEKK3-MKK3-p38 module assembly. Aging Cell 2022; 21:e13543. [PMID: 35080104 PMCID: PMC8844116 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Revised: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we explored the precise mechanisms underlying the receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE)‐mediated neuronal loss and behavioral dysfunction induced by hyperglycemia. We used immunoprecipitation (IP) and GST pull‐down assays to assess the interaction between RAGE and mitogen‐activated protein kinase kinase 3 (MKK3). Then, we investigated the effect of specific mutation of RAGE on plasticity at hippocampal synapses and behavioral deficits in db/db mice through electrophysiological recordings, morphological assays, and behavioral tests. We discovered that RAGE binds MKK3 and that this binding is required for assembly of the MEKK3‐MKK3‐p38 signaling module. Mechanistically, we found that activation of p38 mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK)/NF‐κB signaling depends on mediation of the RAGE‐MKK3 interaction by C‐terminal RAGE (ctRAGE) amino acids (AAs) 2‐5. We found that ctRAGE R2A‐K3A‐R4A‐Q5A mutation suppressed neuronal damage, improved synaptic plasticity, and alleviated behavioral deficits in diabetic mice by disrupting the RAGE‐MKK3 conjugation. High glucose induces direct binding of RAGE and MKK3 via ctRAGE AAs 2‐5, which leads to assembly of the MEKK3‐MKK3‐p38 signaling module and subsequent activation of the p38MAPK/NF‐κB pathway, and ultimately results in diabetic encephalopathy (DE).
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao‐Yan Zhou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Brain Disease and Bioinformation, Research Center for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Xuzhou Medical University Xuzhou China
- Department of Genetics, Xuzhou Engineering Research Center of Medical Genetics and Transformation Xuzhou Medical University Xuzhou China
| | - Chang‐Jiang Ying
- Department of Endocrinology Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University Xuzhou China
| | - Bin Hu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Brain Disease and Bioinformation, Research Center for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Xuzhou Medical University Xuzhou China
| | - Yu‐Sheng Zhang
- The Graduate School Xuzhou Medical University Xuzhou China
| | - Tian Gan
- The Graduate School Xuzhou Medical University Xuzhou China
| | - Yan‐Dong Zhu
- The Graduate School Xuzhou Medical University Xuzhou China
| | - Nan Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Brain Disease and Bioinformation, Research Center for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Xuzhou Medical University Xuzhou China
| | - An‐An Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Brain Disease and Bioinformation, Research Center for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Xuzhou Medical University Xuzhou China
| | - Yuan‐Jian Song
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Brain Disease and Bioinformation, Research Center for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Xuzhou Medical University Xuzhou China
- Department of Genetics, Xuzhou Engineering Research Center of Medical Genetics and Transformation Xuzhou Medical University Xuzhou China
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Avicularin Attenuates Memory Impairment in Rats with Amyloid Beta-Induced Alzheimer's Disease. Neurotox Res 2022; 40:140-153. [PMID: 35043380 DOI: 10.1007/s12640-021-00467-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Amyloid-beta-induced Alzheimer's disease (AD) and its further complications are well-established models in preclinical studies and demonstrated by many researchers. Intracerebroventricular injection of Aβ produces brain malfunction, including neurodegeneration and memory impairment. Avicularin is a bioactive flavonoid that has been found to prevent oxidative stress and proinflammatory cytokines. Alzheimer's disease treatment may benefit from inhibiting amyloid-beta and its related complications. Hence, by considering multiple actions of avicularin, including antioxidant and anti-inflammatory, we demonstrated the neuroprotective action of avicularin against amyloid beta-induced neurotoxicity. Aβ1-42 (1 µg/µl) was dissolved in phosphate buffer solution (pH7.4) and incubated at 37 °C for 3 days to induce aggregation. A single intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) injection of the Aβ1-42 was given to the animals utilizing stereotaxic equipment. Avicularin was dissolved in 0.5% sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), and treatment was given to the animals for 21 days at a dose of (25, 50, and 100 mg/kg, p.o.) after Aβ1-42 peptide (i.c.v.) injection. Several behavioral studies, acetylcholinesterase activity, oxidative stress, TNFα, IL-6, IL-1β, and expression of BDNF and amyloid-beta were measured. Avicularin treatment (50 and 100 mg/kg) showed cognition enhancement activity in behavioral studies and could reverse the effects of amyloid beta-induced inflammatory response and excessive oxidative stress. Furthermore, the findings reveal that avicularin can halt AD progression by targeting BDNF and amyloid-beta levels in the brain, suggesting that avicularin could be used for Alzheimer's disease treatment.
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Zhang S, Li J, Nong X, Zhan Y, Xu J, Zhao D, Ma C, Wang Y, Li Y, Li Z, Li J. Artesunate Combined With Metformin Ameliorate on Diabetes-Induced Xerostomia by Mitigating Superior Salivatory Nucleus and Salivary Glands Injury in Type 2 Diabetic Rats via the PI3K/AKT Pathway. Front Pharmacol 2022; 12:774674. [PMID: 34987398 PMCID: PMC8722737 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.774674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Polydipsia and xerostomia are the most common complications that seriously affect oral health in patients with diabetes. However, to date, there is no effective treatment for diabetic xerostomia. Recent studies have reported that artesunate (ART) and metformin (Met) improve salivary gland (SG) hypofunction in murine Sjögren's syndrome. Therefore, aim of this study was to investigate the effect and underlying mechanism of artesunate (ART) alone and in combination with metformin (Met) on hyposalivation in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) rats. T2DM rats were induced using a high-fat diet and streptozotocin. SPF male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into the following five groups: normal control group, untreated diabetic group, ART-treated diabetic group (50 mg/kg), Met-treated diabetic group (150 mg/kg), and ART/Met co-treated diabetic group (50 mg/kg ART and 150 mg/kg Met). ART and Met were intragastrically administered daily for 4 weeks. The general conditions, diabetes parameters and serum lipids were evaluated after drug treatment. Furthermore, we observed changes in the central superior salivatory nucleus (SSN) and SG, and changes in the AQP5 expression, parasympathetic innervation (AChE and BDNF expression), and PI3K/AKT pathway- (p-AKT, and p-PI3K), apoptosis- (Bax, Bcl-2, and Caspase3), and autophagy- (LC3 and P62) related markers expression in T2DM rats after treatment. Our results showed that ART or Met alone and ART/Met combination attenuated a range of diabetic symptoms, including weight loss, urine volume increase, water consumption increase, hyperglycemia, insulin resistance, glucose intolerance and dyslipidemia. More importantly, we found that these three treatments, especially ART/Met combination, mitigated hyposalivation in the T2DM rats via improving the central SSN and SGs damage in hyperglycemia. Our data also indicated that ART/Met attenuated SG damage though regulating the PI3K/Akt pathway to inhibit apoptosis and autophagy of SGs in the T2DM rats. Moreover, ART/Met preserved parasympathetic innervation (AChE and BDNF expression) in SGs to alleviate diabetes-induced hyposalivation likely through rescuing central SSN damage. Taken together, these findings might provide a novel rationale and treatment strategy for future treatment of diabetes-induced xerostomia in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siqin Zhang
- College of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Jiarui Li
- College of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Xiaolin Nong
- College of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.,Guangxi Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Disease Treatment, Nanning, China
| | - Yuxiang Zhan
- College of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Jiazhi Xu
- College of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Danni Zhao
- College of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Chubin Ma
- College of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Yuchen Wang
- College of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Yixing Li
- College of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Zhan Li
- College of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Jiaquan Li
- Medical Science Research Center, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.,Life Science Institute, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
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Liu J, Deng Z, Yu Z, Zhou W, Yuan Q. The circRNA circ-Nbea participates in regulating diabetic encephalopathy. Brain Res 2022; 1774:147702. [PMID: 34695392 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2021.147702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 10/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) play key roles in various pathogenic and biological processes in human disease. However, the effect of circRNAs on the development of diabetic encephalopathy (DE) remains largely unknown. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate changes in the expression of circRNAs and their potential mechanism in DE formation. Compared with db/m mice, spatial learning/memory, dendritic spines, and synaptic plasticity were all impaired in the hippocampus of the db/db mice. In addition, the dendritic spine density of neurons was significantly decreased after treatment with advanced glycation end-products (AGEs). We used high-throughput RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) to detect circRNA expression in DE, and the results revealed that 183 circRNAs were significantly altered in primary hippocampal neurons treated with AGEs. Three circRNAs were chosen for detection using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), including circ-Smox (chr2: 131511984-131516443), circ-Nbea (mmu-chr3: 56079859-56091120), and circ-Setbp1 (chr18: 79086551-79087180), and circ-Nbea expression was significantly decreased. According to the bioinformatics prediction and detection using qRT-PCR and double luciferase assays, circ-Nbea sponges miR-128-3p. Based on these results, we speculated that a newly identified circRNA, circ-Nbea, may play an important role in the development of DE, and the mechanism is mediated by sponging miR-128-3p. This study provides new insight into the treatment of DE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jue Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science&Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
| | - Zhifang Deng
- Department of Pharmacy, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science&Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Zhijun Yu
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Huangjiahu Road 2(#), Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Weipin Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Huangjiahu Road 2(#), Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Qiong Yuan
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Huangjiahu Road 2(#), Wuhan, Hubei, China.
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21
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A Role of BDNF in the Depression Pathogenesis and a Potential Target as Antidepressant: The Modulator of Stress Sensitivity "Shati/Nat8l-BDNF System" in the Dorsal Striatum. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:ph14090889. [PMID: 34577589 PMCID: PMC8469819 DOI: 10.3390/ph14090889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Depression is one of the most common mental diseases, with increasing numbers of patients globally each year. In addition, approximately 30% of patients with depression are resistant to any treatment and do not show an expected response to first-line antidepressant drugs. Therefore, novel antidepressant agents and strategies are required. Although depression is triggered by post-birth stress, while some individuals show the pathology of depression, others remain resilient. The molecular mechanisms underlying stress sensitivity remain unknown. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) has both pro- and anti-depressant effects, dependent on brain region. Considering the strong region-specific contribution of BDNF to depression pathogenesis, the regulation of BDNF in the whole brain is not a beneficial strategy for the treatment of depression. We reviewed a novel finding of BDNF function in the dorsal striatum, which induces vulnerability to social stress, in addition to recent research progress regarding the brain regional functions of BDNF, including the prefrontal cortex, hippocampus, and nucleus accumbens. Striatal BDNF is regulated by Shati/Nat8l, an N-acetyltransferase through epigenetic regulation. Targeting of Shati/Nat8l would allow BDNF to be striatum-specifically regulated, and the striatal Shati/Nat8l-BDNF pathway could be a promising novel therapeutic agent for the treatment of depression by modulating sensitivity to stress.
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22
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Jia Y, Liu R, Tang S, Zhang D, Wang Y, Cong L, Hou T, Ren J, Du Y. Associations of the Glycaemic Control of Diabetes with Dementia and Physical Function in Rural-Dwelling Older Chinese Adults: A Population-Based Study. Clin Interv Aging 2021; 16:1503-1513. [PMID: 34413638 PMCID: PMC8370580 DOI: 10.2147/cia.s319633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To examine the associations of impaired fasting glucose (IFG) and glycaemic control of diabetes with dementia, global cognitive function and physical function among rural-dwelling Chinese older adults. Patients and Methods This population-based cross-sectional study included 4583 participants (age ≥65 years, 57.3% women) living in Yanlou Town, Yanggu County, western Shandong Province, China. In 2018, data were collected through interviews, clinical examinations, neuropsychological tests, and laboratory tests. Diabetes status was defined by self-reported physician-diagnosed diabetes, current use of antidiabetic agents, and fasting blood glucose tests. Global cognitive function was assessed using the Mini-Mental State Examination. Dementia was diagnosed following DSM-IV criteria, and Alzheimer's disease (AD) was diagnosed following the National Institute on Aging-Alzheimer's Association criteria. Physical function was assessed by the Short Physical Performance Battery. Data were analysed using multiple logistic and general linear regression models. Results IFG was found in 267 participants, and diabetes was diagnosed in 658 participants (257 with well-controlled diabetes, 401 with poorly controlled diabetes). Dementia was diagnosed in 166 participants (116 with AD), and physical functional impairment was found in 1973 participants. The multi-adjusted odds ratio (OR) of dementia associated with poorly controlled diabetes (vs without IFG or diabetes) was 2.41 (95% CI 1.52-3.84), and the OR of AD associated with poorly controlled diabetes was 2.32 (1.34-4.04). In addition, the adjusted OR of physical functional impairment was 1.40 (1.06-1.85) for well-controlled diabetes and 1.69 (1.35-2.12) for poorly controlled diabetes. However, IFG was not associated with cognitive or physical function. Conclusion The glycaemic control status of diabetes patients was associated with cognitive impairment and physical functional impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhong Jia
- Department of Neurology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China.,Department of Neurology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China.,Department of Neurology, Baotou Central Hospital, Baotou, Inner Mongolia, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Liu
- Department of Neurology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Shi Tang
- Department of Neurology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China.,Department of Neurology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China.,Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongming Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Baotou Central Hospital, Baotou, Inner Mongolia, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongxiang Wang
- Department of Neurology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China.,Department of Neurology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China.,Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Cong
- Department of Neurology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China.,Department of Neurology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China.,Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Tingting Hou
- Department of Neurology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China.,Department of Neurology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China.,Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Juan Ren
- Department of Neurology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yifeng Du
- Department of Neurology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China.,Department of Neurology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China.,Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China
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23
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Zheng P, Tang Z, Xiong J, Wang B, Xu J, Chen L, Cai S, Wu C, Ye L, Xu K, Chen Z, Wu Y, Xiao J. RAGE: A potential therapeutic target during FGF1 treatment of diabetes-mediated liver injury. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 25:4776-4785. [PMID: 33788387 PMCID: PMC8107085 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2020] [Revised: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
As a serious metabolic disease, diabetes causes series of complications that seriously endanger human health. The liver is a key organ for metabolizing glucose and lipids, which substantially contributes to the development of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Exogenous fibroblast growth factor 1 (FGF1) has a great potential for the treatment of diabetes. Receptor of advanced glycation end products (RAGE) is a receptor for advanced glycation end products that involved in the development of diabetes‐triggered complications. Previous study has demonstrated that FGF1 significantly ameliorates diabetes‐mediated liver damage (DMLD). However, whether RAGE is involved in this process is still unknown. In this study, we intraperitoneally injected db/db mice with 0.5 mg/kg FGF1. We confirmed that FGF1 treatment not only significantly ameliorates diabetes‐induced elevated apoptosis in the liver, but also attenuates diabetes‐induced inflammation, then contributes to ameliorate liver dysfunction. Moreover, we found that diabetes triggers the elevated RAGE in hepatocytes, and FGF1 treatment blocks it, suggesting that RAGE may be a key target during FGF1 treatment of diabetes‐induced liver injury. Thus, we further confirmed the role of RAGE in FGF1 treatment of AML12 cells under high glucose condition. We found that D‐ribose, a RAGE agonist, reverses the protective role of FGF1 in AML12 cells. These findings suggest that FGF1 ameliorates diabetes‐induced hepatocyte apoptosis and elevated inflammation via suppressing RAGE pathway. These results suggest that RAGE may be a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of DMLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peipei Zheng
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,The Institute of Life Sciences, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Zonghao Tang
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology of Ministry of Education, Drug Discovery Research Center, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Jun Xiong
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Beini Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jingyu Xu
- The Institute of Life Sciences, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Lulu Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Shufang Cai
- The Institute of Life Sciences, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Chengbiao Wu
- Clinical Research Center, Affiliated Xiangshan Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Libing Ye
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Ke Xu
- The Institute of Life Sciences, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Zimiao Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yanqing Wu
- The Institute of Life Sciences, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jian Xiao
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
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24
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Benchoula K, Parhar IS, Madhavan P, Hwa WE. CREB nuclear transcription activity as a targeting factor in the treatment of diabetes and diabetes complications. Biochem Pharmacol 2021; 188:114531. [PMID: 33773975 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2021.114531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Revised: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder diagnosed by elevated blood glucose levels and a defect in insulin production. Blood glucose, an energy source in the body, is regenerated by two fundamental processes: glycolysis and gluconeogenesis. These two processes are the main mechanisms used by humans and many other animals to maintain blood glucose levels, thereby avoiding hypoglycaemia. The released insulin from pancreatic β-cells activates glycolysis. However, the glucagon released from the pancreatic α-cells activates gluconeogenesis in the liver, leading to pyruvate conversion to glucose-6-phosphate by different enzymes such as fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase and glucose 6-phosphatase. These enzymes' expression is controlled by the glucagon/ cyclic adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate (cAMP)/ proteinkinase A (PKA) pathway. This pathway phosphorylates cAMP-response element-binding protein (CREB) in the nucleus to bind it to these enzyme promoters and activate their expression. During fasting, this process is activated to supply the body with glucose; however, it is overactivated in diabetes. Thus, the inhibition of this process by blocking the expression of the enzymes via CREB is an alternative strategy for the treatment of diabetes. This review was designed to investigate the association between CREB activity and the treatment of diabetes and diabetes complications. The phosphorylation of CREB is a crucial step in regulating the gene expression of the enzymes of gluconeogenesis. Many studies have proven that CREB is over-activated by glucagon and many other factors contributing to the elevation of fasting glucose levels in people with diabetes. The physiological function of CREB should be regarded in developing a therapeutic strategy for the treatment of diabetes mellitus and its complications. However, the accessible laboratory findings for CREB activity of the previous research still not strong enough for continuing to the clinical trial yet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaled Benchoula
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Taylor's University, 1, Jalan Taylors, 47500 Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Ishwar S Parhar
- Monash University (Malaysia) BRIMS, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine & Health Sciences, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway, 47500 Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Priya Madhavan
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Taylor's University, 1, Jalan Taylors, 47500 Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Wong Eng Hwa
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Taylor's University, 1, Jalan Taylors, 47500 Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia.
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25
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Brzecka A, Madetko N, Nikolenko VN, Ashraf GM, Ejma M, Leszek J, Daroszewski C, Sarul K, Mikhaleva LM, Somasundaram SG, Kirkland CE, Bachurin SO, Aliev G. Sleep Disturbances and Cognitive Impairment in the Course of Type 2 Diabetes-A Possible Link. Curr Neuropharmacol 2020; 19:78-91. [PMID: 32148197 PMCID: PMC7903492 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x18666200309101750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2019] [Revised: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
There is an increasing number of patients worldwide with sleep disturbances and diabetes. Various sleep disorders, including long or short sleep duration and poor sleep quality of numerous causes, may increase the risk of diabetes. Some symptoms of diabetes, such as painful peripheral neuropathy and nocturia, or associated other sleep disorders, such as sleep breathing disorders or sleep movement disorders, may influence sleep quality and quantity. Both sleep disorders and diabetes may lead to cognitive impairment. The risk of development of cognitive impairment in diabetic patients may be related to vascular and non-vascular and other factors, such as hypoglycemia, hyperglycemia, central insulin resistance, amyloid and tau deposits and other causes. Numerous sleep disorders, e.g., sleep apnea, restless legs syndrome, insomnia, and poor sleep quality are most likely are also associated with cognitive impairment. Adequate functioning of the system of clearance of the brain from toxic substances, such as amyloid β, i.e. glymphatic system, is related to undisturbed sleep and prevents cognitive impairment. In the case of coexistence, sleep disturbances and diabetes either independently lead to and/or mutually aggravate cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Brzecka
- Department of Pulmonology and Lung Cancer, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Natalia Madetko
- Department of Neurology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Vladimir N Nikolenko
- I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University), 8/2 Trubetskaya Str., Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Ghulam M Ashraf
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maria Ejma
- Department of Neurology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Jerzy Leszek
- Department of Psychiatry, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Cyryl Daroszewski
- Department of Pulmonology and Lung Cancer, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Karolina Sarul
- Department of Pulmonology and Lung Cancer, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Liudmila M Mikhaleva
- Research Institute of Human Morphology,3 Tsyurupy Street, Moscow, 117418, Russian Federation
| | - Siva G Somasundaram
- Department of Biological Sciences, Salem University, Salem, WV, 26426, United States
| | - Cecil E Kirkland
- Department of Biological Sciences, Salem University, Salem, WV, 26426, United States
| | - Sergey O Bachurin
- Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka, 142432, Russian Federation
| | - Gjumrakch Aliev
- I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University), 8/2 Trubetskaya Str., Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation
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