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Liu Q, Chen Y, Xu XW. Genomic insight into strategy, interaction and evolution of nitrifiers in metabolizing key labile-dissolved organic nitrogen in different environmental niches. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1273211. [PMID: 38156017 PMCID: PMC10753782 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1273211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA) and bacteria (AOB), nitrite-oxidizing bacteria (NOB), and complete ammonia oxidizers (comammox) are responsible for nitrification in nature; however, some groups have been reported to utilize labile-dissolved organic nitrogen (LDON) for satisfying nitrogen demands. To understand the universality of their capacity of LDON metabolism, we collected 70 complete genomes of AOA, AOB, NOB, and comammox from typical environments for exploring their potentials in the metabolism of representative LDON (urea, polyamines, cyanate, taurine, glycine betaine, and methylamine). Genomic analyses showed that urea was the most popular LDON used by nitrifiers. Each group harbored unique urea transporter genes (AOA: dur3 and utp, AOB: utp, and NOB and comammox: urtABCDE and utp) accompanied by urease genes ureABC. The differentiation in the substrate affinity of these transporters implied the divergence of urea utilization efficiency in nitrifiers, potentially driving them into different niches. The cyanate transporter (cynABD and focA/nirC) and degradation (cynS) genes were detected mostly in NOB, indicating their preference for a wide range of nitrogen substrates to satisfy high nitrogen demands. The lack of genes involved in the metabolism of polyamines, taurine, glycine betaine, and methylamines in most of nitrifiers suggested that they were not able to serve as a source of ammonium, only if they were degraded or oxidized extracellularly as previously reported. The phylogenetic analyses assisted with comparisons of GC% and the Codon Adaptation Index between target genes and whole genomes of nitrifiers implied that urea metabolic genes dur3 and ureC in AOA evolved independently from bacteria during the transition from Thaumarchaeota to AOA, while utp in terrestrial AOA was acquired from bacteria via lateral gene transfer (LGT). Cyanate transporter genes cynS and focA/nirC detected only in a terrestrial AOA Candidadus Nitrsosphaera gargensis Ga9.2 could be gained synchronously with Nitrospira of NOB by an ancient LGT. Our results indicated that LDON utilization was a common feature in nitrifiers, but metabolic potentials were different among nitrifiers, possibly being intensely interacted with their niches, survival strategies, and evolutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Liu
- Donghai Laboratory, Zhoushan, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Marine Ecosystem Dynamics, Second Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Ocean College, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yuhao Chen
- Key Laboratory of Marine Ecosystem Dynamics, Second Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- School of Oceanography, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xue-Wei Xu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Ecosystem Dynamics, Second Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Ocean College, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- School of Oceanography, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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2
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Xie C, Gu W, Chen Z, Liang Z, Huang S, Zhang LH, Chen S. Polyamine signaling communications play a key role in regulating the pathogenicity of Dickeya fangzhongdai. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0196523. [PMID: 37874149 PMCID: PMC10715095 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.01965-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Dickeya fangzhongdai is a newly identified plant bacterial pathogen with a wide host range. A clear understanding of the cell-to-cell communication systems that modulate the bacterial virulence is of key importance for elucidating its pathogenic mechanisms and for disease control. In this study, we present evidence that putrescine molecules from the pathogen and host plants play an essential role in regulating the bacterial virulence. The significance of this study is in (i) demonstrating that putrescine signaling system regulates D. fangzhongdai virulence mainly through modulating the bacterial motility and production of PCWD enzymes, (ii) outlining the signaling and regulatory mechanisms with which putrescine signaling system modulates the above virulence traits, and (iii) validating that D. fangzhongdai could use both arginine and ornithine pathways to synthesize putrescine signals. To our knowledge, this is the first report to show that putrescine signaling system plays a key role in modulating the pathogenicity of D. fangzhongdai.
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Affiliation(s)
- Congcong Xie
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, South China Agricultural University Integrative Microbiology Research Centre, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weihan Gu
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, South China Agricultural University Integrative Microbiology Research Centre, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhongqiao Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, South China Agricultural University Integrative Microbiology Research Centre, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhibin Liang
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, South China Agricultural University Integrative Microbiology Research Centre, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shufen Huang
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, South China Agricultural University Integrative Microbiology Research Centre, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lian-Hui Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, South China Agricultural University Integrative Microbiology Research Centre, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shaohua Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, South China Agricultural University Integrative Microbiology Research Centre, Guangzhou, China
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3
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Miyajima R, Manaka H, Honda T, Hashii N, Suzuki M, Komeno M, Takao K, Ishii-Watabe A, Igarashi K, Toida T, Higashi K. Intracellular polyamine depletion induces N-linked galactosylation of the monoclonal antibody produced by CHO DP-12 cells. J Biotechnol 2023; 378:1-10. [PMID: 37922995 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2023.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
The heterogeneity of the N-linked glycan profile of therapeutic monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) derived from animal cells affects therapeutic efficacy and, therefore, needs to be appropriately controlled during the manufacturing process. In this study, we examined the effects of polyamines on the N-linked glycan profiles of mAbs produced by CHO DP-12 cells. Normal cell growth of CHO DP-12 cells and their growth arrest by α-difluoromethylornithine (DFMO), an inhibitor of the polyamine biosynthetic pathway, was observed when 0.5% fetal bovine serum was added to serum-free medium, despite the presence of cadaverine and aminopropylcadaverine, instead of putrescine and spermidine in cells. Polyamine depletion by DFMO increased IgG galactosylation, accompanied by β1,4-galactosyl transferase 1 (B4GAT1) mRNA elevation. Additionally, IgG production in polyamine-depleted cells was reduced by 30% compared to that in control cells. Therefore, we examined whether polyamine depletion induces an ER stress response. The results indicated increased expression levels of chaperones for glycoprotein folding in polyamine-depleted cells, suggesting that polyamine depletion causes ER stress related to glycoprotein folding. The effect of tunicamycin, an ER stress inducer that inhibits N-glycosylation, on the expression of B4GALT1 mRNA was examined. Tunicamycin treatment increased B4GALT1 mRNA expression. These results suggest that ER stress caused by polyamine depletion induces B4GALT1 mRNA expression, resulting in increased IgG galactosylation in CHO cells. Thus, introducing polyamines, particularly SPD, to serum-free CHO culture medium for CHO cells may contribute to consistent manufacturing and quality control of antibody production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rin Miyajima
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan
| | - Hitomi Manaka
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Honda
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8675, Japan
| | - Noritaka Hashii
- Division of Biological Chemistry and Biologicals, National Institute of Health Sciences, 3-25-26 Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki-shi, Kanagawa 210-9501, Japan
| | - Masato Suzuki
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan
| | - Masahiro Komeno
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan
| | - Koichi Takao
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai University, Sakado, Saitama 350-0295, Japan
| | - Akiko Ishii-Watabe
- Division of Biological Chemistry and Biologicals, National Institute of Health Sciences, 3-25-26 Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki-shi, Kanagawa 210-9501, Japan
| | - Kazuei Igarashi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8675, Japan; Amine Pharma Research Institute, Innovation Plaza at Chiba University, 1-8-15 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-0856, Japan
| | - Toshihiko Toida
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8675, Japan
| | - Kyohei Higashi
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan.
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4
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Calabrese E, Hayes AW, Pressman P, Kapoor R, Dhawan G, Calabrese V, Agathokleous E. Polyamines and hormesis: Making sense of a dose response dichotomy. Chem Biol Interact 2023; 386:110748. [PMID: 37816449 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2023.110748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023]
Abstract
The diverse biological effects of polyamines (putrescine, spermidine and spermine) were reviewed in the context of hormesis in an integrative manner for the first time. The findings illustrate that each of these polyamines commonly induces hormetic dose responses in a wide range of biological models and types of cells for multiple endpoints in numerous plant species and animal models. Plant research emphasized preconditioning experimental studies in which the respective polyamines conferred some protection against the damaging effects of a broad range of environmental stressors such as drought, salinity, cold/heat, heavy metals and UV-damage in an hormetic manner. Polyamine-based animal hormesis studies emphasized biomedical endpoints such as longevity and neuroprotection. These findings have important biological and biomedical implications and should guide experimental designs of low dose investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward Calabrese
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Morrill I, N344, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA.
| | - A Wallace Hayes
- Center for Environmental Occupational Risk Analysis and Management, College of Public Health, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA.
| | - Peter Pressman
- University of Maine, 5728 Fernald Hall, Room 201, Orono, ME, 04469, USA.
| | - Rachna Kapoor
- Saint Francis Hospital and Medical Center, Hartford, CT, USA.
| | | | - Vittorio Calabrese
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, School of Medicine University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 97, Catania, 95123, Italy.
| | - Evgenios Agathokleous
- School of Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China.
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5
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Bhagwat AC, Saroj SD. Polyamine as a microenvironment factor in resistance to antibiotics. Crit Rev Microbiol 2023:1-10. [PMID: 37339480 DOI: 10.1080/1040841x.2023.2223277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 04/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023]
Abstract
One of the main issues in modern medicine is the decrease in the efficacy of antibiotic therapy against resistant microorganisms. The advent of antimicrobial resistance has added significantly to the impact of infectious diseases, in number of infections, as well as added healthcare costs. The development of antibiotic tolerance and resistance is influenced by a variety of environmental variables, and it is important to identify these environmental factors as part of any strategy for combating antibiotic resistance. The review aims to emphasize that biogenic polyamines are one of such environmental cues that impacts the antibiotic resistance in bacteria. The biogenic polyamines can help bacteria acquire resistance to antibiotics either by regulating the level of number of porin channels in the outer membrane, by modifying the outer membrane liposaccharides or by protecting macromolecule from antibiotic stress. Thus, understanding the way polyamines function in bacteria can thus be beneficial while designing the drugs to combat diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amrita C Bhagwat
- Symbiosis School of Biological Sciences, Symbiosis International (Deemed University), Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sunil D Saroj
- Symbiosis School of Biological Sciences, Symbiosis International (Deemed University), Pune, Maharashtra, India
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6
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Stolarska E, Tanwar UK, Guan Y, Grabsztunowicz M, Arasimowicz-Jelonek M, Phanstiel O, Sobieszczuk-Nowicka E. Genetic portrait of polyamine transporters in barley: insights in the regulation of leaf senescence. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1194737. [PMID: 37332717 PMCID: PMC10272464 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1194737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen (N) is one of the most expensive nutrients to supply, therefore, improving the efficiency of N use is essential to reduce the cost of commercial fertilization in plant production. Since cells cannot store reduced N as NH3 or NH4 +, polyamines (PAs), the low molecular weight aliphatic nitrogenous bases, are important N storage compounds in plants. Manipulating polyamines may provide a method to increase nitrogen remobilization efficiency. Homeostasis of PAs is maintained by intricate multiple feedback mechanisms at the level of biosynthesis, catabolism, efflux, and uptake. The molecular characterization of the PA uptake transporter (PUT) in most crop plants remains largely unknown, and knowledge of polyamine exporters in plants is lacking. Bi-directional amino acid transporters (BATs) have been recently suggested as possible PAs exporters for Arabidopsis and rice, however, detailed characterization of these genes in crops is missing. This report describes the first systematic study to comprehensively analyze PA transporters in barley (Hordeum vulgare, Hv), specifically the PUT and BAT gene families. Here, seven PUTs (HvPUT1-7) and six BATs (HvBAT1-6) genes were identified as PA transporters in the barley genome and the detailed characterization of these HvPUT and HvBAT genes and proteins is provided. Homology modeling of all studied PA transporters provided 3D structures prediction of the proteins of interest with high accuracy. Moreover, molecular docking studies provided insights into the PA-binding pockets of HvPUTs and HvBATs facilitating improved understanding of the mechanisms and interactions involved in HvPUT/HvBAT-mediated transport of PAs. We also examined the physiochemical characteristics of PA transporters and discuss the function of PA transporters in barley development, and how they help barley respond to stress, with a particular emphasis on leaf senescence. Insights gained here could lead to improved barley production via modulation of polyamine homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewelina Stolarska
- Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland
| | - Umesh Kumar Tanwar
- Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland
| | - Yufeng Guan
- Department of Plant Ecophysiology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland
| | - Magda Grabsztunowicz
- Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland
| | | | - Otto Phanstiel
- Department of Medical Education, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, United States
| | - Ewa Sobieszczuk-Nowicka
- Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland
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7
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Shimokawa H, Sakanaka M, Fujisawa Y, Ohta H, Sugiyama Y, Kurihara S. N-Carbamoylputrescine Amidohydrolase of Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron, a Dominant Species of the Human Gut Microbiota. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11041123. [PMID: 37189741 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11041123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Polyamines are bioactive amines that play a variety of roles, such as promoting cell proliferation and protein synthesis, and the intestinal lumen contains up to several mM polyamines derived from the gut microbiota. In the present study, we conducted genetic and biochemical analyses of the polyamine biosynthetic enzyme N-carbamoylputrescine amidohydrolase (NCPAH) that converts N-carbamoylputrescine to putrescine, a precursor of spermidine in Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron, which is one of the most dominant species in the human gut microbiota. First, ncpah gene deletion and complemented strains were generated, and the intracellular polyamines of these strains cultured in a polyamine-free minimal medium were analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatography. The results showed that spermidine detected in the parental and complemented strains was depleted in the gene deletion strain. Next, purified NCPAH-(His)6 was analyzed for enzymatic activity and found to be capable of converting N-carbamoylputrescine to putrescine, with a Michaelis constant (Km) and turnover number (kcat) of 730 µM and 0.8 s-1, respectively. Furthermore, the NCPAH activity was strongly (>80%) inhibited by agmatine and spermidine, and moderately (≈50%) inhibited by putrescine. This feedback inhibition regulates the reaction catalyzed by NCPAH and may play a role in intracellular polyamine homeostasis in B. thetaiotaomicron.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiromi Shimokawa
- Faculty of Bioresources and Environmental Sciences, Ishikawa Prefectural University, Nonoichi 921-8836, Ishikawa, Japan
- Faculty of Biology-Oriented Science and Technology, Kindai University, Kinokawa 649-6493, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Mikiyasu Sakanaka
- Faculty of Bioresources and Environmental Sciences, Ishikawa Prefectural University, Nonoichi 921-8836, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Yuki Fujisawa
- Faculty of Bioresources and Environmental Sciences, Ishikawa Prefectural University, Nonoichi 921-8836, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Hirokazu Ohta
- Faculty of Bioresources and Environmental Sciences, Ishikawa Prefectural University, Nonoichi 921-8836, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Yuta Sugiyama
- Faculty of Bioresources and Environmental Sciences, Ishikawa Prefectural University, Nonoichi 921-8836, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Shin Kurihara
- Faculty of Bioresources and Environmental Sciences, Ishikawa Prefectural University, Nonoichi 921-8836, Ishikawa, Japan
- Faculty of Biology-Oriented Science and Technology, Kindai University, Kinokawa 649-6493, Wakayama, Japan
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8
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Zhang Y, Chen R, Zhang D, Qi S, Liu Y. Metabolite interactions between host and microbiota during health and disease: Which feeds the other? Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 160:114295. [PMID: 36709600 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolites produced by the host and microbiota play a crucial role in how human bodies develop and remain healthy. Most of these metabolites are produced by microbiota and hosts in the digestive tract. Metabolites in the gut have important roles in energy metabolism, cellular communication, and host immunity, among other physiological activities. Although numerous host metabolites, such as free fatty acids, amino acids, and vitamins, are found in the intestine, metabolites generated by gut microbiota are equally vital for intestinal homeostasis. Furthermore, microbiota in the gut is the sole source of some metabolites, including short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). Metabolites produced by microbiota, such as neurotransmitters and hormones, may modulate and significantly affect host metabolism. The gut microbiota is becoming recognized as a second endocrine system. A variety of chronic inflammatory disorders have been linked to aberrant host-microbiota interplays, but the precise mechanisms underpinning these disturbances and how they might lead to diseases remain to be fully elucidated. Microbiome-modulated metabolites are promising targets for new drug discovery due to their endocrine function in various complex disorders. In humans, metabolotherapy for the prevention or treatment of various disorders will be possible if we better understand the metabolic preferences of bacteria and the host in specific tissues and organs. Better disease treatments may be possible with the help of novel complementary therapies that target host or bacterial metabolism. The metabolites, their physiological consequences, and functional mechanisms of the host-microbiota interplays will be highlighted, summarized, and discussed in this overview.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhang
- Department of Anethesiology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130033, People's Republic of China.
| | - Rui Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130033, People's Republic of China.
| | - DuoDuo Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province 130021, People's Republic of China.
| | - Shuang Qi
- Department of Anethesiology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130033, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yan Liu
- Department of Hand and Foot Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130033, People's Republic of China.
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9
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Yoon JH, Do JS, Velankanni P, Lee CG, Kwon HK. Gut Microbial Metabolites on Host Immune Responses in Health and Disease. Immune Netw 2023; 23:e6. [PMID: 36911800 PMCID: PMC9995988 DOI: 10.4110/in.2023.23.e6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Intestinal microorganisms interact with various immune cells and are involved in gut homeostasis and immune regulation. Although many studies have discussed the roles of the microorganisms themselves, interest in the effector function of their metabolites is increasing. The metabolic processes of these molecules provide important clues to the existence and function of gut microbes. The interrelationship between metabolites and T lymphocytes in particular plays a significant role in adaptive immune functions. Our current review focuses on 3 groups of metabolites: short-chain fatty acids, bile acids metabolites, and polyamines. We collated the findings of several studies on the transformation and production of these metabolites by gut microbes and explained their immunological roles. Specifically, we summarized the reports on changes in mucosal immune homeostasis represented by the Tregs and Th17 cells balance. The relationship between specific metabolites and diseases was also analyzed through latest studies. Thus, this review highlights microbial metabolites as the hidden treasure having potential diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets through a comprehensive understanding of the gut-immune interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong-Hwi Yoon
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Jun-Soo Do
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Sciences, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Priyanka Velankanni
- Natural Product Informatics Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Gangneung 25451, Korea
| | - Choong-Gu Lee
- Natural Product Informatics Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Gangneung 25451, Korea
- Division of Bio-Medical Science and Technology, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST) School, University of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Korea
| | - Ho-Keun Kwon
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Sciences, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
- Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, Korea
- Institute for Immunology and Immunological Diseases, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
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10
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Kim C, Kim JG, Kim KY. Anti- Candida Potential of Sclareol in Inhibiting Growth, Biofilm Formation, and Yeast-Hyphal Transition. J Fungi (Basel) 2023; 9:jof9010098. [PMID: 36675919 PMCID: PMC9862543 DOI: 10.3390/jof9010098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Even though Candida albicans commonly colonizes on most mucosal surfaces including the vaginal and gastrointestinal tract, it can cause candidiasis as an opportunistic infectious fungus. The emergence of resistant Candida strains and the toxicity of anti-fungal agents have encouraged the development of new classes of potential anti-fungal agents. Sclareol, a labdane-type diterpene, showed anti-Candida activity with a minimum inhibitory concentration of 50 μg/mL in 24 h based on a microdilution anti-fungal susceptibility test. Cell membrane permeability with propidium iodide staining and mitochondrial membrane potential with JC-1 staining were increased in C. albicans by treatment of sclareol. Sclareol also suppressed the hyphal formation of C. albicans in both liquid and solid media, and reduced biofilm formation. Taken together, sclareol induces an apoptosis-like cell death against Candida spp. and suppressed biofilm and hyphal formation in C. albicans. Sclareol is of high interest as a novel anti-fungal agent and anti-virulence factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaerim Kim
- Department of Life Science, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Goo Kim
- Graduate School of Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yingin 17104, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Young Kim
- Graduate School of Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yingin 17104, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
- College of Life Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-312012633
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11
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Eom J, Choi J, Suh SS, Seo JB. SLC3A2 and SLC7A2 Mediate the Exogenous Putrescine-Induced Adipocyte Differentiation. Mol Cells 2022; 45:963-975. [PMID: 36572564 PMCID: PMC9794554 DOI: 10.14348/molcells.2022.0123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 10/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Exogenous polyamines are able to induce life span and improve glucose homeostasis and insulin sensitivity. However, the effects of exogenous polyamines on adipocyte differentiation and which polyamine transporters mediate them have not been elucidated yet. Here, we identified for the first time that exogenous polyamines can clearly stimulate adipocyte differentiation through polyamine transporters, solute carrier family 3 member A2 (SLC3A2) and SLC7A1. Exogenous polyamines markedly promote 3T3-L1 adipocyte differentiation by increasing the intracellular lipid accumulation and the expression of both adipogenic and lipogenic genes in a concentration-dependent manner. In particular, exogenous putrescine mainly regulates adipocyte differentiation in the early and intermediate stages. Moreover, we have assessed the expression of polyamine transporter genes in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes and adipocytes. Interestingly, the putrescine-induced adipocyte differentiation was found to be significantly suppressed in response to a treatment with a polyamine transporter inhibitor (AMXT-1501). Furthermore, knockdown experiments using siRNA that specifically targeted SLC3A2 or SLC7A2, revealed that both SLC3A2 and SLC7A2 act as important transporters in the cellular importing of exogenous putrescine. Thus, the exogenous putrescine entering the adipocytes via cellular transporters is involved in adipogenesis through a modulation of both the mitotic clonal expansion and the expression of master transcription factors. Taken together, these results suggest that exogenous polyamines (such as putrescine) entering the adipocytes through polyamine transporters, can stimulate adipogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Eom
- Department of Biosciences, Mokpo National University, Muan 58554, Korea
| | - Juhyun Choi
- Department of Biomedicine, Health & Life Convergence Sciences, BK21 Four, Biomedical and Healthcare Research Institute, Mokpo National University, Muan 58554, Korea
| | - Sung-Suk Suh
- Department of Biosciences, Mokpo National University, Muan 58554, Korea
- Department of Biomedicine, Health & Life Convergence Sciences, BK21 Four, Biomedical and Healthcare Research Institute, Mokpo National University, Muan 58554, Korea
| | - Jong Bae Seo
- Department of Biosciences, Mokpo National University, Muan 58554, Korea
- Department of Biomedicine, Health & Life Convergence Sciences, BK21 Four, Biomedical and Healthcare Research Institute, Mokpo National University, Muan 58554, Korea
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12
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Holbert CE, Cullen MT, Casero RA, Stewart TM. Polyamines in cancer: integrating organismal metabolism and antitumour immunity. Nat Rev Cancer 2022; 22:467-480. [PMID: 35477776 PMCID: PMC9339478 DOI: 10.1038/s41568-022-00473-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The natural mammalian polyamines putrescine, spermidine and spermine are essential for both normal and neoplastic cell function and replication. Dysregulation of metabolism of polyamines and their requirements is common in many cancers. Both clinical and experimental depletion of polyamines have demonstrated their metabolism to be a rational target for therapy; however, the mechanisms through which polyamines can establish a tumour-permissive microenvironment are only now emerging. Recent data indicate that polyamines can play a major role in regulating the antitumour immune response, thus likely contributing to the existence of immunologically 'cold' tumours that do not respond to immune checkpoint blockade. Additionally, the interplay between the microbiota and associated tissues creates a tumour microenvironment in which polyamine metabolism, content and function can all be dramatically altered on the basis of microbiota composition, dietary polyamine availability and tissue response to its surrounding microenvironment. The goal of this Perspective is to introduce the reader to the many ways in which polyamines, polyamine metabolism, the microbiota and the diet interconnect to establish a tumour microenvironment that facilitates the initiation and progression of cancer. It also details ways in which polyamine metabolism and function can be successfully targeted for therapeutic benefit, including specifically enhancing the antitumour immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cassandra E Holbert
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - Robert A Casero
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - Tracy Murray Stewart
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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13
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Khazaal S, Al Safadi R, Osman D, Hiron A, Gilot P. Streptococcus agalactiae imports spermidine by a member of the amino acid/polyamine antiporter family to endure citric acid stress at the vaginal pH. MICROBIOLOGY (READING, ENGLAND) 2022; 168. [PMID: 35920804 DOI: 10.1099/mic.0.001219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Polyamines bind to various cellular components, such as nucleic acids, phospholipids, proteins and nucleotides. They are involved in the virulence and protection against physiological stresses of several bacterial species. Streptococcus agalactiae is able to colonize the vaginal tract of asymptomatic pregnant women and to resist, by an as yet poorly characterized mechanism, pH 4.0, the low physiological pH of this environment. We identified a transporter of the amino acid/polyamine antiporter family (SAK_1604 in strain A909) that shares 39.8 % similar amino acids with CadB and 34.7 % with PotE, two transporters implicated in acid resistance in Escherichia coli. We found that sak_1604 is overexpressed in the presence of spermidine and during citric acid stress at the vaginal pH, but not during lactic acid or HCl stresses at the same pH or during a sodium citrate stress at pH 7.4. Dihydrogen citrate is the predominant form of citric acid at pH 4.0. Using a deletion mutant, we proved that SAK_1604 is involved in the survival of S. agalactiae during citric acid stress at pH 4.0 in the presence of spermidine, and we showed by TLC analysis that it is involved in spermidine transport in these conditions. Our data open new perspectives on the comprehension of the molecular mechanisms allowing S. agalactiae to survive at the physiological pH of the vagina and on the unsuspected role of an ionic form of citric acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Khazaal
- ISP, Bactéries et Risque Materno-Foetal, Université de Tours, INRAE, 37032 Tours, France.,LBA3B, AZM Center for Research in Biotechnology and its Applications, EDST, Lebanese University, Tripoli 1300, Lebanon
| | - Rim Al Safadi
- LBA3B, AZM Center for Research in Biotechnology and its Applications, EDST, Lebanese University, Tripoli 1300, Lebanon
| | - Dani Osman
- LBA3B, AZM Center for Research in Biotechnology and its Applications, EDST, Lebanese University, Tripoli 1300, Lebanon
| | - Aurélia Hiron
- ISP, Bactéries et Risque Materno-Foetal, Université de Tours, INRAE, 37032 Tours, France
| | - Philippe Gilot
- ISP, Bactéries et Risque Materno-Foetal, Université de Tours, INRAE, 37032 Tours, France
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14
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Research Progress and Potential Applications of Spermidine in Ocular Diseases. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14071500. [PMID: 35890394 PMCID: PMC9323341 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14071500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Spermidine, a natural polyamine, exists in almost all human tissues, exhibiting broad properties like anti-aging, autophagy induction, anti-inflammation, anti-oxidation, cell proliferation activation, and ion channel regulation. Considering that spermidine is already present in human nutrition, recent studies targeting supplementing exogenous sources of this polyamine appear feasible. The protective role of spermidine in various systems has been illuminated in the literature, while recent progress of spermidine administration in ocular diseases remains to be clarified. This study shows the current landscape of studies on spermidine and its potential to become a promising therapeutic agent to treat ocular diseases: glaucoma, optic nerve injury, age-related macular degeneration (AMD), cataracts, dry eye syndrome, and bacterial keratitis. It also has the potential to become a potent biomarker to predict keratoconus (KC), cataracts, uveitis, glaucoma, proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR), proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR), and retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). We also summarize the routes of administration and the effects of spermidine at different doses.
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15
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New Analogs of Polyamine Toxins from Spiders and Wasps: Liquid Phase Fragment Synthesis and Evaluation of Antiproliferative Activity. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27020447. [PMID: 35056762 PMCID: PMC8777946 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27020447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2021] [Revised: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Polyamine toxins (PATs) are conjugates of polyamines (PAs) with lipophilic carboxylic acids, which have been recently shown to present antiproliferative activity. Ten analogs of the spider PATs Agel 416, HO-416b, and JSTX-3 and the wasp PAT PhTX-433 were synthesized with changes in the lipophilic head group and/or the PA chain, and their antiproliferative activity was evaluated on MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells, using Agel 416 and HO-416b as reference compounds. All five analogs of PhTX-433 were of very low activity on both cell lines, whereas the two analogs of JSTX-3 were highly active only on the MCF-7 cell line with IC50 values of 2.63-2.81 μΜ. Of the remaining three Agel 416 or HO-416b analogs, only the one with the spermidine chain was highly active on both cells with IC50 values of 3.15-12.6 μM. The two most potent compounds in this series, Agel 416 and HO-416b, with IC50 values of 0.09-3.98 μΜ for both cell lines, were found to have a very weak cytotoxic effect on the MCF-12A normal breast cells. The present study points out that the structure of both the head group and the PA chain determine the strength of the antiproliferative activity of PATs and their selectivity towards different cells.
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16
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Hidayanti AK, Gazali A, Tagami Y. Effect of Quorum Sensing Inducers and Inhibitors on Cytoplasmic Incompatibility Induced by Wolbachia (Rickettsiales: Anaplasmataceae) in American Serpentine Leafminer (Diptera: Agromyzidae): Potential Tool for the Incompatible Insect Technique. JOURNAL OF INSECT SCIENCE (ONLINE) 2022; 22:8. [PMID: 35066589 PMCID: PMC8784088 DOI: 10.1093/jisesa/ieab106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Agricultural crops around the world are attacked by approximately 3,000-10,000 species of pest insect. There is increasing interest in resolving this problem using environmentally friendly approaches. Wolbachia (Hertig), an insect endosymbiont, can modulate host reproduction and offspring sex through cytoplasmic incompatibility (CI). The incompatible insect technique (IIT) based on CI-Wolbachia is a promising biological control method. Previous studies have reported an association between CI and Wolbachia density, which may involve a quorum sensing (QS) mechanism. In this study, we investigated the effect of manipulating QS in Wolbachia using several chemicals including 3O-C12-HSL; C2HSL; spermidine (QS inducers), 4-phenylbutanoyl; and 4-NPO (QS inhibitors) on American serpentine leafminer (Liriomyza trifolii [Burgess]), an agricultural pest. The results showed that inducing QS with 3O-C12-HSL decreased the proportion of hatched eggs and increased Wolbachia density, whereas QS inhibition with 4-phenylbutanoyl had the opposite effects. Thus, manipulating QS in Wolbachia can alter cell density and the proportion of hatched eggs in the host L. trifolii, thereby reducing the number of insect progeny. These findings provide evidence supporting the potential efficacy of the IIT based on CI-Wolbachia for the environmentally friendly control of insect pest populations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Achmad Gazali
- School of Biological Environment, UGSAS, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
| | - Yohsuke Tagami
- Laboratory of Applied Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya, Suruga-Ku, Shizuoka 422-8529, Japan
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17
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What do we know about osmoadaptation of Yersinia pestis? Arch Microbiol 2021; 204:11. [PMID: 34878588 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-021-02610-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The plague agent Yersinia pestis mainly spreads among mammalian hosts and their associated fleas. Production of a successful mammal-flea-mammal life cycle implies that Y. pestis senses and responds to distinct cues in both host and vector. Among these cues, osmolarity is a fundamental parameter. The plague bacillus lives in a tightly regulated environment in the mammalian host, while osmolarity fluctuates in the flea gut (300-550 mOsM). Here, we review the mechanisms that enable Y. pestis to perceive fluctuations in osmolarity, as well as genomic plasticity and physiological adaptation of the bacterium to this stress.
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18
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Rossi FR, Gárriz A, Marina M, Pieckenstain FL. Modulation of polyamine metabolism in Arabidopsis thaliana by salicylic acid. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2021; 173:843-855. [PMID: 34109645 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2020] [Revised: 06/05/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Polyamines (PAs) play important roles in plant defense against pathogens, but the regulation of PA metabolism by hormone-mediated defense signaling pathways has not been studied in depth. In this study, the modulation of PA metabolism by salicylic acid (SA) was analyzed in Arabidopsis by combining the exogenous application of this hormone with PA biosynthesis and SA synthesis/signaling mutants. SA induced notable modifications of PA metabolism, mainly consisting in putrescine (Put) accumulation both in whole-plant extracts and apoplastic fluids. Put was accumulated at the expense of increased biosynthesis by ARGININE DECARBOXYLASE 2 and decreased oxidation by copper amine oxidase. Enhancement of Put levels by SA was independent of the regulatory protein NONEXPRESSOR OF PATHOGENESIS-RELATED GENES 1 (NPR1) and the signaling kinases MKK4 and MPK3, but depended on MPK6. However, plant infection by Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000 elicited Put accumulation in an SA-dependent way. The present study demonstrates a clear connection between SA signaling and plant PA metabolism in Arabidopsis and contributes to understanding the mechanisms by which SA modulates PA levels during plant-pathogen interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franco R Rossi
- Instituto Tecnológico Chascomús, Universidad Nacional de General San Martín-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Chascomús, Argentina
| | - Andrés Gárriz
- Instituto Tecnológico Chascomús, Universidad Nacional de General San Martín-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Chascomús, Argentina
| | - María Marina
- Instituto Tecnológico Chascomús, Universidad Nacional de General San Martín-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Chascomús, Argentina
| | - Fernando L Pieckenstain
- Instituto Tecnológico Chascomús, Universidad Nacional de General San Martín-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Chascomús, Argentina
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19
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Ye S, Si C, Deng J, Chen X, Kong L, Zhou X, Wang W. Understanding the Effects of Metabolites on the Gut Microbiome and Severe Acute Pancreatitis. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:1516855. [PMID: 34712726 PMCID: PMC8548099 DOI: 10.1155/2021/1516855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Acute pancreatitis (AP) is an inflammatory disease of the pancreas. The severity is classified as mild (MAP), moderately severe (MSAP), or severe (SAP). In patients with SAP, organ dysfunction can occur in the early stage of the disease course, accompanied by secondary infection, with a mortality rate of 36%-50%. In the late stage SAP, infection-related complications caused by pancreatic necrotic tissue and peripancreatic effusion are the main causes of death in patients. Dysbacteriosis of intestinal microflora, barrier dysfunction of intestinal mucosa, and translocation of enteric bacteria are considered to be the main causes of infection of pancreatic necrotic tissue and peripancreatic effusion. During the past few years, increasing attention has been paid to the metabolic activities of intestinal microflora in SAP, which plays an important role in the metabolic activities of the human body. This review is aimed at bringing together the most recent findings and advances regarding the gut microbial community and associated gut microbial community metabolites and illustrating the role of these metabolites in disease progression in severe acute pancreatitis. We hope that this review will provide new ideas and schemes for the treatment of SAP in the clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shijie Ye
- Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Chenli Si
- Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jie Deng
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xiaohu Chen
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | | | - Xiang Zhou
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Weiming Wang
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
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20
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Nakamya MF, Ayoola MB, Shack LA, Swiatlo E, Nanduri B. The Effect of Impaired Polyamine Transport on Pneumococcal Transcriptome. Pathogens 2021; 10:pathogens10101322. [PMID: 34684271 PMCID: PMC8540371 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens10101322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Revised: 10/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Infections due to Streptococcus pneumoniae, a commensal in the nasopharynx, still claim a significant number of lives worldwide. Genome plasticity, antibiotic resistance, and limited serotype coverage of the available polysaccharide-based conjugate vaccines confounds therapeutic interventions to limit the spread of this pathogen. Pathogenic mechanisms that allow successful adaption and persistence in the host could be potential innovative therapeutic targets. Polyamines are ubiquitous polycationic molecules that regulate many cellular processes. We previously reported that deletion of polyamine transport operon potABCD, which encodes a putrescine/spermidine transporter (ΔpotABCD), resulted in an unencapsulated attenuated phenotype. Here, we characterize the transcriptome, metabolome, and stress responses of polyamine transport-deficient S. pneumoniae. Compared with the wild-type strain, the expression of genes involved in oxidative stress responses and the nucleotide sugar metabolism was reduced, while expression of genes involved in the Leloir, tagatose, and pentose phosphate pathways was higher in ΔpotABCD. A metabolic shift towards the pentose phosphate pathway will limit the synthesis of precursors of capsule polysaccharides. Metabolomics results show reduced levels of glutathione and pyruvate in the mutant. Our results also show that the potABCD operon protects pneumococci against hydrogen peroxide and nitrosative stress. Our findings demonstrate the importance of polyamine transport in pneumococcal physiology that could impact in vivo fitness. Thus, polyamine transport in pneumococci represents a novel target for therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary F. Nakamya
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, Starkville, MS 39762, USA; (M.F.N.); (M.B.A.); (L.A.S.)
| | - Moses B. Ayoola
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, Starkville, MS 39762, USA; (M.F.N.); (M.B.A.); (L.A.S.)
| | - Leslie A. Shack
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, Starkville, MS 39762, USA; (M.F.N.); (M.B.A.); (L.A.S.)
| | - Edwin Swiatlo
- Section of Infectious Diseases, Southeast Louisiana Veterans Health Care System, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA;
| | - Bindu Nanduri
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, Starkville, MS 39762, USA; (M.F.N.); (M.B.A.); (L.A.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-662-325-5859; Fax: +1-662-325-1031
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21
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Vindu A, Shin BS, Choi K, Christenson ET, Ivanov IP, Cao C, Banerjee A, Dever TE. Translational autoregulation of the S. cerevisiae high-affinity polyamine transporter Hol1. Mol Cell 2021; 81:3904-3918.e6. [PMID: 34375581 PMCID: PMC8500938 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2021.07.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Revised: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Polyamines, small organic polycations, are essential for cell viability, and their physiological levels are homeostatically maintained by post-transcriptional regulation of key biosynthetic enzymes. In addition to de novo synthesis, cells can also take up polyamines; however, identifying cellular polyamine transporters has been challenging. Here we show that the S. cerevisiae HOL1 mRNA is under translational control by polyamines, and we reveal that the encoded membrane transporter Hol1 is a high-affinity polyamine transporter and is required for yeast growth under limiting polyamine conditions. Moreover, we show that polyamine inhibition of the translation factor eIF5A impairs translation termination at a Pro-Ser-stop motif in a conserved upstream open reading frame on the HOL1 mRNA to repress Hol1 synthesis under conditions of elevated polyamines. Our findings reveal that polyamine transport, like polyamine biosynthesis, is under translational autoregulation by polyamines in yeast, highlighting the extensive control cells impose on polyamine levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arya Vindu
- Section on Protein Biosynthesis, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Byung-Sik Shin
- Section on Protein Biosynthesis, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Kevin Choi
- Section on Structural and Chemical Biology of Membrane Proteins, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Eric T Christenson
- Section on Structural and Chemical Biology of Membrane Proteins, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Ivaylo P Ivanov
- Section on Protein Biosynthesis, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Chune Cao
- Section on Protein Biosynthesis, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Anirban Banerjee
- Section on Structural and Chemical Biology of Membrane Proteins, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Thomas E Dever
- Section on Protein Biosynthesis, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
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22
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Tsigoias S, Papanikolaou MG, Kabanos TA, Kalampounias AG. Structure and dynamics of aqueous norspermidine solutions: an in situultrasonic relaxation spectroscopic study. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2021; 33:495104. [PMID: 34544061 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ac2863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Anin situultrasonic relaxation spectroscopic study is presented in an effort to determine the structural changes and the dynamics involved when norspermidine (NSpd) is dissolved in water. Our aim is to elucidate the mechanism responsible for the observed relaxation mechanism in acoustic spectra and estimate the corresponding thermodynamic parameters and the associated volume change. The experimental spectra of aqueous NSpd solutions revealed a single Debye-type relaxation mechanism attributed to proton-transfer reaction. The concentration and temperature dependence of the acoustic parameters supports this assignment. The activation enthalpy and entropy were estimated equal to ΔH*= 1.79 ± 0.20 kcal mol-1and ΔS*= -18.31 ± 0.73 cal mol-1 K-1, respectively. The concentration and temperature dependence of the sound velocity and absorption in the solutions exhibit characteristic features that are related to alterations in the network rigidity due to variations in hydrogen-bonding interactions at molecular level. The volume change associated to proton-transfer reaction for NSpd has been estimated and compared with the volume change observed for an analogous guanidine, the 1,1,3,3 tetramethyl guanidine. The obtained results are discussed in the framework of an existing theoretical structural model highlighting the strong molecular association in these liquid mixtures leading to complementary information on the structure and dynamics of guanidine amines. A comprehensive model of the whole relaxation processes is presented and discussed in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Tsigoias
- Physical Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Ioannina, 45110, Ioannina, Greece
| | - M G Papanikolaou
- Section of Inorganic and analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Ioannina, 45110, Ioannina, Greece
| | - T A Kabanos
- Section of Inorganic and analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Ioannina, 45110, Ioannina, Greece
| | - A G Kalampounias
- Physical Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Ioannina, 45110, Ioannina, Greece
- University Research Center of Ioannina (URCI), Institute of Materials Science and Computing, Ioannina, Greece
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23
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Arginine Decarboxylase Is Essential for Pneumococcal Stress Responses. Pathogens 2021; 10:pathogens10030286. [PMID: 33801541 PMCID: PMC7998104 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens10030286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Revised: 02/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Polyamines such as putrescine, cadaverine, and spermidine are small cationic molecules that play significant roles in cellular processes, including bacterial stress responses and host–pathogen interactions. Streptococcus pneumoniae is an opportunistic human pathogen, which causes several diseases that account for significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. As it transits through different host niches, S. pneumoniae is exposed to and must adapt to different types of stress in the host microenvironment. We earlier reported that S. pneumoniae TIGR4, which harbors an isogenic deletion of an arginine decarboxylase (ΔspeA), an enzyme that catalyzes the synthesis of agmatine in the polyamine synthesis pathway, has a reduced capsule. Here, we report the impact of arginine decarboxylase deletion on pneumococcal stress responses. Our results show that ΔspeA is more susceptible to oxidative, nitrosative, and acid stress compared to the wild-type strain. Gene expression analysis by qRT-PCR indicates that thiol peroxidase, a scavenger of reactive oxygen species and aguA from the arginine deiminase system, could be important for peroxide stress responses in a polyamine-dependent manner. Our results also show that speA is essential for endogenous hydrogen peroxide and glutathione production in S. pneumoniae. Taken together, our findings demonstrate the critical role of arginine decarboxylase in pneumococcal stress responses that could impact adaptation and survival in the host.
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Jiang J, Wang W, Sun F, Zhang Y, Liu Q, Yang D. Bacterial infection reinforces host metabolic flux from arginine to spermine for NLRP3 inflammasome evasion. Cell Rep 2021; 34:108832. [PMID: 33691113 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.108832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Revised: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Hosts recognize cytosolic microbial infection via the nucleotide-binding domain-like receptor (NLR) protein family, triggering inflammasome complex assembly to provoke pyroptosis or cytokine-related caspase-1-dependent antimicrobial responses. Pathogens have evolved diverse strategies to antagonize inflammasome activation. Here, Edwardsiella piscicida gene-defined transposon library screening for lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release in nlrc4-/- bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) demonstrates that genes clustered in the bacterial arginine metabolism pathway participate in NLRP3 inflammasome inhibition. Blocking arginine uptake or putrescine export significantly relieves NLRP3 inflammasome inhibition, indicating that this bacterium rewires its arginine metabolism network during infection. Moreover, intracellular E. piscicida recruits the host arginine importer (mCAT-1) and putrescine exporter (Oct-2) to bacterium-containing vacuoles, accompanied by reduced arginine and accumulated cytosolic spermine. Neutralizing E. piscicida-induced cytosolic spermine enhancement by spermine synthetase or extracellular spermine significantly alters NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Importantly, accumulated cytosolic spermine inhibits K+ efflux-dependent NLRP3 inflammasome activation. These data highlight the mechanism of bacterial gene-mediated arginine metabolism control for NLRP3 inflammasome evasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiatiao Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Wenwen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Fei Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Yuanxing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai 519000, China
| | - Qin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266071, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Maricultured Animal Vaccines, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Dahai Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Maricultured Animal Vaccines, Shanghai 200237, China.
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Production and Excretion of Polyamines To Tolerate High Ammonia, a Case Study on Soil Ammonia-Oxidizing Archaeon " Candidatus Nitrosocosmicus agrestis". mSystems 2021; 6:6/1/e01003-20. [PMID: 33594004 PMCID: PMC8573960 DOI: 10.1128/msystems.01003-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Ammonia tolerance is a universal characteristic among the ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB); in contrast, the known species of ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA) have been regarded as ammonia sensitive, until the identification of the genus “Candidatus Nitrosocosmicus.” However, the mechanism of its ammonia tolerance has not been reported. In this study, the AOA species “Candidatus Nitrosocosmicus agrestis,” obtained from agricultural soil, was determined to be able to tolerate high concentrations of NH3 (>1,500 μM). In the genome of this strain, which was recovered from metagenomic data, a full set of genes for the pathways of polysaccharide metabolism, urea hydrolysis, arginine synthesis, and polyamine synthesis was identified. Among them, the genes encoding cytoplasmic carbonic anhydrase (CA) and a potential polyamine transporter (drug/metabolite exporter [DME]) were found to be unique to the genus “Ca. Nitrosocosmicus.” When “Ca. Nitrosocosmicus agrestis” was grown with high levels of ammonia, the genes that participate in CO2/HCO3− conversion, glutamate/glutamine syntheses, arginine synthesis, polyamine synthesis, and polyamine excretion were significantly upregulated, and the polyamines, including putrescine and spermidine, had significant levels of production. Based on genome analysis, gene expression quantification, and polyamine determination, we propose that the production and excretion of polyamines is probably one of the reasons for the ammonia tolerance of “Ca. Nitrosocosmicus agrestis,” and even of the genus “Ca. Nitrosocosmicus.” IMPORTANCE Ammonia tolerance of AOA is usually much lower than that of the AOB, which makes the AOB rather than AOA a predominant ammonia oxidizer in agricultural soils, contributing to global N2O emission. Recently, some AOA species from the genus “Ca. Nitrosocosmicus” were also found to have high ammonia tolerance. However, the reported mechanism for the ammonia tolerance is very rare and indeterminate for AOB and for AOA species. In this study, an ammonia-tolerant AOA strain of the species “Ca. Nitrosocosmicus agrestis” was identified and its potential mechanisms for ammonia tolerance were explored. This study will be of benefit for determining more of the ecological role of AOA in agricultural soils or other environments.
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Wongsadee T, Vatanyoopaisarn S, Rungsardthong V, Thumthanaruk B, Puttanlek C, Uttapap D, Wetprasit N. Effect of polyamine on growth, intermediates and 2‐acetyl‐1‐pyrroline formation by
Aspergillus awamori. FLAVOUR FRAG J 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ffj.3651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Thippharak Wongsadee
- Department of Agro‐Industrial, Food, and Environmental Technology King Mongkut’s University of Technology North Bangkok Bangkok Thailand
| | - Savitri Vatanyoopaisarn
- Department of Agro‐Industrial, Food, and Environmental Technology King Mongkut’s University of Technology North Bangkok Bangkok Thailand
| | - Vilai Rungsardthong
- Department of Agro‐Industrial, Food, and Environmental Technology King Mongkut’s University of Technology North Bangkok Bangkok Thailand
| | - Benjawan Thumthanaruk
- Department of Agro‐Industrial, Food, and Environmental Technology King Mongkut’s University of Technology North Bangkok Bangkok Thailand
| | | | - Dudsadee Uttapap
- Division of Biochemical Technology School of Bioresources and Technology King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi Bangkok Thailand
| | - Nuanchawee Wetprasit
- Department of Biotechnology Faculty of Science Ramkhamhaeng University Bangkok Thailand
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Proietti E, Rossini S, Grohmann U, Mondanelli G. Polyamines and Kynurenines at the Intersection of Immune Modulation. Trends Immunol 2020; 41:1037-1050. [PMID: 33055013 DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2020.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Revised: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Polyamines (i.e., putrescine, spermidine, and spermine) are bioactive polycations capable of binding nucleic acids and proteins and modulating signaling pathways. Polyamine functions have been studied most extensively in tumors, where they can promote cell transformation and proliferation. Recently, spermidine was found to exert protective effects in an experimental model of multiple sclerosis (MS) and to confer immunoregulatory properties on dendritic cells (DCs), via the indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) enzyme. IDO1 converts l-tryptophan into metabolites, collectively known as kynurenines, endowed with several immunoregulatory effects via activation of the arylhydrocarbon receptor (AhR). Because AhR activation increases polyamine production, the emerging scenario has identified polyamines and kynurenines as actors of an immunoregulatory circuitry with potential implications for immunotherapy in autoimmune diseases and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Proietti
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Perugia, 06132 Perugia, Italy
| | - Sofia Rossini
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Perugia, 06132 Perugia, Italy
| | - Ursula Grohmann
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Perugia, 06132 Perugia, Italy.
| | - Giada Mondanelli
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Perugia, 06132 Perugia, Italy.
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28
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Madeo F, Hofer SJ, Pendl T, Bauer MA, Eisenberg T, Carmona-Gutierrez D, Kroemer G. Nutritional Aspects of Spermidine. Annu Rev Nutr 2020; 40:135-159. [DOI: 10.1146/annurev-nutr-120419-015419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Natural polyamines (spermidine and spermine) are small, positively charged molecules that are ubiquitously found within organisms and cells. They exert numerous (intra)cellular functions and have been implicated to protect against several age-related diseases. Although polyamine levels decline in a complex age-dependent, tissue-, and cell type–specific manner, they are maintained in healthy nonagenarians and centenarians. Increased polyamine levels, including through enhanced dietary intake, have been consistently linked to improved health and reduced overall mortality. In preclinical models, dietary supplementation with spermidine prolongs life span and health span. In this review, we highlight salient aspects of nutritional polyamine intake and summarize the current knowledge of organismal and cellular uptake and distribution of dietary (and gastrointestinal) polyamines and their impact on human health. We further summarize clinical and epidemiological studies of dietary polyamines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank Madeo
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, NAWI Graz, University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
- BioTechMed-Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
- Field of Excellence BioHealth, University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Sebastian J. Hofer
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, NAWI Graz, University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Tobias Pendl
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, NAWI Graz, University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Maria A. Bauer
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, NAWI Graz, University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Tobias Eisenberg
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, NAWI Graz, University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
- BioTechMed-Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
- Field of Excellence BioHealth, University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
- Central Lab Graz Cell Informatics and Analyses (GRACIA), NAWI Graz, University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | | | - Guido Kroemer
- Equipe Labellisée par la Ligue Contre le Cancer, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, INSERM U1138, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, 75006 Paris, France
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Institut Gustave Roussy, F-94805 Villejuif, France
- Pôle de Biologie, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, F-75015 Paris, France
- Suzhou Institute for Systems Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Jiangsu 215163, Suzhou, China
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institute, Karolinska University, S-17177 Solna, Sweden
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29
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Aoki JI, Muxel SM, Laranjeira-Silva MF, Zampieri RA, Müller KE, Nerland AH, Floeter-Winter LM. Dual transcriptome analysis reveals differential gene expression modulation influenced by Leishmania arginase and host genetic background. Microb Genom 2020; 6:mgen000427. [PMID: 32886592 PMCID: PMC7643972 DOI: 10.1099/mgen.0.000427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The outcome of Leishmania infection is strongly influenced by the host's genetic background. BALB/c mice are susceptible to Leishmania infection, while C57BL/6 mice show discrete resistance. Central to the fate of the infection is the availability of l-arginine and the related metabolic processes in the host and parasite. Depending on l-arginine availability, nitric oxide synthase 2 (NOS2) of the host cell produces nitric oxide (NO) controlling the parasite growth. On the other hand, Leishmania can also use host l-arginine for the production of polyamines through its own arginase activity, thus favouring parasite replication. Considering RNA-seq data, we analysed the dual modulation of host and parasite gene expression of BALB/c or C57BL/6 mouse bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) after 4 h of infection with Leishmania amazonensis wild-type (La-WT) or L. amazonensis arginase knockout (La-arg-). We identified 12 641 host transcripts and 8282 parasite transcripts by alignment analysis with the respective Mus musculus and L. mexicana genomes. The comparison of BALB/c_La-arg-versus BALB/c_La-WT revealed 233 modulated transcripts, with most related to the immune response and some related to the amino acid transporters and l-arginine metabolism. In contrast, the comparison of C57BL/6_La-arg-vs. C57BL/6_La-WT revealed only 30 modulated transcripts, including some related to the immune response but none related to amino acid transport or l-arginine metabolism. The transcriptome profiles of the intracellular amastigote revealed 94 modulated transcripts in the comparison of La-arg-_BALB/c vs. La-WT_BALB/c and 45 modulated transcripts in the comparison of La-arg-_C57BL/6 vs. La-WT_C57BL/6. Taken together, our data present new insights into the impact of parasite arginase activity on the orchestration of the host gene expression modulation, including in the immune response and amino acid transport and metabolism, mainly in susceptible BALB/c-infected macrophages. Moreover, we show how parasite arginase activity affects parasite gene expression modulation, including amino acid uptake and amastin expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Ide Aoki
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Bioscience, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sandra Marcia Muxel
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Bioscience, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Karl Erik Müller
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Internal Medicine, Drammen Hospital, Drammen, Norway
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30
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Cadaverine and Spermine Elicit Ca 2+ Uptake in Human CP Cells via a Trace Amine-Associated Receptor 1 Dependent Pathway. J Mol Neurosci 2020; 71:625-637. [PMID: 32816235 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-020-01684-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The choroid plexus (CP) constitutes a barrier between the blood and the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) which regulates the exchange of substances between these two fluids through mechanisms that are not completely understood. Polyamines as spermine, spermidine and putrescine are produced by all cells and are present in the CSF. Interestingly, their levels are altered in some neuronal disorders as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases, thus increasing the interest in their signalling in the central nervous system (CNS). Cadaverine, on the other hand, is synthetized by the intestinal microbiome, suggesting that the presence of this bacterial metabolite in the CSF requires that it is up taken to the CNS across brain barriers. We knew that polyamines are detected by the olfactory signalling cascade operating at the CP, but the receptor involved had not been identified. The zebrafish TAAR13c was the only receptor known to bind a polyamine-cadaverine. Thus, we searched for a human receptor with homology to TAAR13c and found that some human TAARs including TAAR1 showed great homology. Then, we confirmed the expression of TAAR1 mRNA and protein in a human cell line of the CP, and in human CP samples. Calcium imaging assays after TAAR1 knockdown in these cells with a specific siRNA against TAAR1 showed a consistent reduction in the responses of these cells to cadaverine and spermidine, but not to spermine, suggesting that TAAR1 is activated by cadaverine and spermidine, but not spermine.
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31
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Sarmiento-Villamil JL, García-Pedrajas NE, Cañizares MC, García-Pedrajas MD. Molecular Mechanisms Controlling the Disease Cycle in the Vascular Pathogen Verticillium dahliae Characterized Through Forward Genetics and Transcriptomics. MOLECULAR PLANT-MICROBE INTERACTIONS : MPMI 2020; 33:825-841. [PMID: 32154756 DOI: 10.1094/mpmi-08-19-0228-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The soil-borne pathogen Verticillium dahliae has a worldwide distribution and a plethora of hosts of agronomic value. Molecular analysis of virulence processes can identify targets for disease control. In this work, we compared the global gene transcription profile of random T-DNA insertion mutant strain D-10-8F, which exhibits reduced virulence and alterations in microsclerotium formation and polar growth, with that of the wild-type strain. Three genes identified as differentially expressed were selected for functional characterization. To produce deletion mutants, we developed an updated version of one-step construction of Agrobacterium-recombination-ready plasmids (OSCAR) that included the negative selection marker HSVtk (herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase gene) to prevent ectopic integration of the deletion constructs. Deletion of VdRGS1 (VDAG_00683), encoding a regulator of G protein signaling (RGS) protein and highly upregulated in the wild type versus D-10-8F, resulted in phenotypic alterations in development and virulence that were indistinguishable from those of the random T-DNA insertion mutant. In contrast, deletion of the other two genes selected, vrg1 (VDAG_07039) and vvs1 (VDAG_01858), showed that they do not play major roles in morphogenesis or virulence in V. dahliae. Taken together the results presented here on the transcriptomic analysis and phenotypic characterization of D-10-8F and ∆VdRGS1 strains provide evidence that variations in G protein signaling control the progression of the disease cycle in V. dahliae. We propose that G protein-mediated signals induce the expression of multiple virulence factors during biotrophic growth, whereas massive production of microsclerotia at late stages of infection requires repression of G protein signaling via upregulation of VdRGS1 activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge L Sarmiento-Villamil
- Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea "La Mayora"- Universidad de Málaga - Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IHSM-UMA-CSIC), Estación Experimental "La Mayora", 29750 Algarrobo-Costa, Málaga, Spain
- Centre d'étude de la forêt (CEF) and Institut de biologie intégrative et des systèmes (IBIS), Université Laval, Québec QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Nicolás E García-Pedrajas
- Department of Computing and Numerical Analysis, C2 Building 3rd Floor, Campus Universitario de Rabanales, 14071 Córdoba, Spain
| | - M Carmen Cañizares
- Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea "La Mayora"- Universidad de Málaga - Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IHSM-UMA-CSIC), Estación Experimental "La Mayora", 29750 Algarrobo-Costa, Málaga, Spain
| | - María D García-Pedrajas
- Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea "La Mayora"- Universidad de Málaga - Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IHSM-UMA-CSIC), Estación Experimental "La Mayora", 29750 Algarrobo-Costa, Málaga, Spain
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32
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Chai H, Guo J, Zhong Y, Hsu CC, Zou C, Wang P, Zhu JK, Shi H. The plasma-membrane polyamine transporter PUT3 is regulated by the Na + /H + antiporter SOS1 and protein kinase SOS2. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2020; 226:785-797. [PMID: 31901205 DOI: 10.1111/nph.16407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In Arabidopsis, the plasma membrane transporter PUT3 is important to maintain the cellular homeostasis of polyamines and plays a role in stabilizing mRNAs of some heat-inducible genes. The plasma membrane Na+ /H+ transporter SOS1 and the protein kinase SOS2 are two salt-tolerance determinants crucial for maintaining intracellular Na+ and K+ homeostasis. Here, we report that PUT3 genetically and physically interacts with SOS1 and SOS2, and these interactions modulate PUT3 transport activity. Overexpression of PUT3 (PUT3OE) results in hypersensitivity of the transgenic plants to polyamine and paraquat. The hypersensitivity of PUT3OE is inhibited by the sos1 and sos2 mutations, which indicates that SOS1 and SOS2 are required for PUT3 transport activity. A protein interaction assay revealed that PUT3 physically interacts with SOS1 and SOS2 in yeast and plant cells. SOS2 phosphorylates PUT3 both in vitro and in vivo. SOS1 and SOS2 synergistically activate the polyamine transport activity of PUT3, and PUT3 also modulates SOS1 activity by activating SOS2 in yeast cells. Overall, our findings suggest that both plasma-membrane proteins PUT3 and SOS1 could form a complex with the protein kinase SOS2 in response to stress conditions and modulate the transport activity of each other through protein interactions and phosphorylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoxi Chai
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, 79409, USA
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201602, China
| | - Jianfei Guo
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201602, China
| | - Yingli Zhong
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Chuan-Chih Hsu
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201602, China
- Department of Biochemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Changsong Zou
- Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Biology, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475001, Henan, China
| | - Pengcheng Wang
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201602, China
| | - Jian-Kang Zhu
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201602, China
| | - Huazhong Shi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, 79409, USA
- Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Biology, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475001, Henan, China
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33
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Liu Y, Wang H, Zhang J, Yang J, Bai L, Zheng B, Zheng T, Wang Y, Li J, Zhang W. SERINC5 Inhibits the Secretion of Complete and Genome-Free Hepatitis B Virions Through Interfering With the Glycosylation of the HBV Envelope. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:697. [PMID: 32431673 PMCID: PMC7216740 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.00697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Serine incorporator 3 (SERINC3) and SERINC5 were recently identified as host intrinsic factors against human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 and counteracted by HIV-1 Nef. However, whether they inhibit hepatitis B virus (HBV), which is a severe health problem worldwide, is unknown. Here, we demonstrate that SERINC5 potently inhibited HBV virion secretion in the supernatant without affecting intracellular core particle-associated DNA and the total RNA, but SERINC3 and SERINC1 did not. Further investigation discovered that SERINC5 increased the non-glycosylation of LHB, MHB, and SHB proteins of HBV and slightly decreased HBs proteins levels, which led to the decreased HBV secretion. Importantly, SERINC5 co-localized with LHB proteins in the Golgi apparatus, which is important for glycan processing and transport. In addition, we determined the functional domain in SERINC5 required for HBV inhibition, which was completely different from that required for HIV-1 restriction, whereas phosphorylation and glycosylation sites in SERINC5 were dispensable for HBV restriction. Taken together, our results demonstrate that SERINC5 suppresses HBV virion secretion through interfering with the glycosylation of HBV proteins, suggesting that SERINC5 might possess broad-spectrum antiviral activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Liu
- Institute of Virology and AIDS Research, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Department of Echocardiography, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Hong Wang
- Institute of Virology and AIDS Research, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Institute of Virology and AIDS Research, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Institute of Virology and AIDS Research, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Lu Bai
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology, Ministry of Education and Health, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Baisong Zheng
- Institute of Virology and AIDS Research, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Tianhang Zheng
- Institute of Virology and AIDS Research, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yingchao Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jianhua Li
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology, Ministry of Education and Health, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenyan Zhang
- Institute of Virology and AIDS Research, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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34
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Moriyama Y, Hatano R, Moriyama S, Uehara S. Vesicular polyamine transporter as a novel player in amine-mediated chemical transmission. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2020; 1862:183208. [PMID: 32004521 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2020.183208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Revised: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The solute carrier 18B1 (SLC18B1) is the most recently identified gene of the vesicular amine transporter family and is conserved in the animal kingdom from insects to humans. Proteoliposomes containing the purified human SLC18B1 protein transport not only monoamines, but also polyamines, such as spermidine (Spd) and spermine (Spm), using an electrochemical gradient of H+ established by vacuolar H+-ATPase (V-ATPase) as the driving force. SLC18B1 gene knockdown abolished the exocytosis of polyamines from mast cells, which affected the secretion of histamine. SLC18B1 gene knockout decreased polyamine levels by ~20% in the brain, and impaired short- and long-term memory. Thus, the SLC18B1 protein is responsible for the vesicular storage and release of polyamines, and functions as a vesicular polyamine transporter (VPAT). VPAT may define when, where, and how polyamine-mediated chemical transmission occurs, providing insights into the more versatile and complex features of amine-mediated chemical transmission than currently considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshinori Moriyama
- Department of Biochemistry, Matsumoto Dental University, Shiojiri 399-0781, Japan; Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume 830-0011, Japan; CYRIC Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan.
| | - Ryo Hatano
- Department of Medicinal Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | - Satomi Moriyama
- Laboratory of Bio-Molecular Dynamics, Department of Collaborative Research, Nara Medical University, Kashihara 634-8521, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Uehara
- Department of Biochemistry, Matsumoto Dental University, Shiojiri 399-0781, Japan
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35
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Talevi A, Carrillo C, Comini M. The Thiol-polyamine Metabolism of Trypanosoma cruzi: Molecular Targets and Drug Repurposing Strategies. Curr Med Chem 2019; 26:6614-6635. [PMID: 30259812 DOI: 10.2174/0929867325666180926151059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2018] [Revised: 07/23/2018] [Accepted: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Chagas´ disease continues to be a challenging and neglected public health problem in many American countries. The etiologic agent, Trypanosoma cruzi, develops intracellularly in the mammalian host, which hinders treatment efficacy. Progress in the knowledge of parasite biology and host-pathogen interaction has not been paralleled by the development of novel, safe and effective therapeutic options. It is then urgent to seek for novel therapeutic candidates and to implement drug discovery strategies that may accelerate the discovery process. The most appealing targets for pharmacological intervention are those essential for the pathogen and, whenever possible, absent or significantly different from the host homolog. The thiol-polyamine metabolism of T. cruzi offers interesting candidates for a rational design of selective drugs. In this respect, here we critically review the state of the art of the thiolpolyamine metabolism of T. cruzi and the pharmacological potential of its components. On the other hand, drug repurposing emerged as a valid strategy to identify new biological activities for drugs in clinical use, while significantly shortening the long time and high cost associated with de novo drug discovery approaches. Thus, we also discuss the different drug repurposing strategies available with a special emphasis in their applications to the identification of drug candidates targeting essential components of the thiol-polyamine metabolism of T. cruzi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan Talevi
- Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Exact Sciences, University of La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Carolina Carrillo
- Instituto de Ciencias y Tecnología Dr. César Milstein (ICT Milstein) - CONICET. Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Marcelo Comini
- Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Mataojo 2020, Montevideo 11400, Uruguay
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Harrison A, Hardison RL, Wallace RM, Fitch J, Heimlich DR, Bryan MO, Dubois L, John-Williams LS, Sebra RP, White P, Moseley MA, Thompson JW, Justice SS, Mason KM. Reprioritization of biofilm metabolism is associated with nutrient adaptation and long-term survival of Haemophilus influenzae. NPJ Biofilms Microbiomes 2019; 5:33. [PMID: 31700653 PMCID: PMC6831627 DOI: 10.1038/s41522-019-0105-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHI) is a human-restricted pathogen with an essential requirement for heme-iron acquisition. We previously demonstrated that microevolution of NTHI promotes stationary phase survival in response to transient heme-iron restriction. In this study, we examine the metabolic contributions to biofilm formation using this evolved NTHI strain, RM33. Quantitative analyses identified 29 proteins, 55 transcripts, and 31 metabolites that significantly changed within in vitro biofilms formed by RM33. The synthesis of all enzymes within the tryptophan and glycogen pathways was significantly increased in biofilms formed by RM33 compared with the parental strain. In addition, increases were observed in metabolite transport, adhesin production, and DNA metabolism. Furthermore, we observed pyruvate as a pivotal point in the metabolic pathways associated with changes in cAMP phosphodiesterase activity during biofilm formation. Taken together, changes in central metabolism combined with increased stores of nutrients may serve to counterbalance nutrient sequestration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alistair Harrison
- The Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Center for Microbial Pathogenesis, 700 Children’s Drive, Columbus, OH 43205 USA
| | - Rachael L. Hardison
- The Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Center for Microbial Pathogenesis, 700 Children’s Drive, Columbus, OH 43205 USA
| | - Rachel M. Wallace
- The Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Center for Microbial Pathogenesis, 700 Children’s Drive, Columbus, OH 43205 USA
| | - James Fitch
- The Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children’s Hospital, The Steve and Cindy Rasmussen Institute for Genomic Medicine, 575 Children’s Crossroad, Columbus, OH 43215 USA
| | - Derek R. Heimlich
- The Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Center for Microbial Pathogenesis, 700 Children’s Drive, Columbus, OH 43205 USA
| | - Meghan O’ Bryan
- The Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Center for Microbial Pathogenesis, 700 Children’s Drive, Columbus, OH 43205 USA
| | - Laura Dubois
- Duke Proteomics and Metabolomics Core Facility, Duke Center for Genomic and Computational Biology, Duke University, 701 West Main Street, Durham, NC 27701 USA
| | - Lisa St. John-Williams
- Duke Proteomics and Metabolomics Core Facility, Duke Center for Genomic and Computational Biology, Duke University, 701 West Main Street, Durham, NC 27701 USA
| | - Robert P. Sebra
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Icahn Institute and Department of Genetics & Genomic Sciences, 1 Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029 USA
| | - Peter White
- The Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children’s Hospital, The Steve and Cindy Rasmussen Institute for Genomic Medicine, 575 Children’s Crossroad, Columbus, OH 43215 USA
| | - M. Arthur Moseley
- Duke Proteomics and Metabolomics Core Facility, Duke Center for Genomic and Computational Biology, Duke University, 701 West Main Street, Durham, NC 27701 USA
| | - J. Will Thompson
- Duke Proteomics and Metabolomics Core Facility, Duke Center for Genomic and Computational Biology, Duke University, 701 West Main Street, Durham, NC 27701 USA
| | - Sheryl S. Justice
- The Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Center for Microbial Pathogenesis, 700 Children’s Drive, Columbus, OH 43205 USA
- Infectious Diseases Institute, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, 700 Children’s Drive, Columbus, OH 43205 USA
| | - Kevin M. Mason
- The Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Center for Microbial Pathogenesis, 700 Children’s Drive, Columbus, OH 43205 USA
- Infectious Diseases Institute, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, 700 Children’s Drive, Columbus, OH 43205 USA
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Ramos-Molina B, Queipo-Ortuño MI, Lambertos A, Tinahones FJ, Peñafiel R. Dietary and Gut Microbiota Polyamines in Obesity- and Age-Related Diseases. Front Nutr 2019; 6:24. [PMID: 30923709 PMCID: PMC6426781 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2019.00024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The polyamines putrescine, spermidine, and spermine are widely distributed polycationic compounds essential for cellular functions. Intracellular polyamine pools are tightly regulated by a complex regulatory mechanism involving de novo biosynthesis, catabolism, and transport across the plasma membrane. In mammals, both the production of polyamines and their uptake from the extracellular space are controlled by a set of proteins named antizymes and antizyme inhibitors. Dysregulation of polyamine levels has been implicated in a variety of human pathologies, especially cancer. Additionally, decreases in the intracellular and circulating polyamine levels during aging have been reported. The differences in the polyamine content existing among tissues are mainly due to the endogenous polyamine metabolism. In addition, a part of the tissue polyamines has its origin in the diet or their production by the intestinal microbiome. Emerging evidence has suggested that exogenous polyamines (either orally administrated or synthetized by the gut microbiota) are able to induce longevity in mice, and that spermidine supplementation exerts cardioprotective effects in animal models. Furthermore, the administration of either spermidine or spermine has been shown to be effective for improving glucose homeostasis and insulin sensitivity and reducing adiposity and hepatic fat accumulation in diet-induced obesity mouse models. The exogenous addition of agmatine, a cationic molecule produced through arginine decarboxylation by bacteria and plants, also exerts significant effects on glucose metabolism in obese models, as well as cardioprotective effects. In this review, we will discuss some aspects of polyamine metabolism and transport, how diet can affect circulating and local polyamine levels, and how the modulation of either polyamine intake or polyamine production by gut microbiota can be used for potential therapeutic purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Ramos-Molina
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Virgen de la Victoria University Hospital, Institute of Biomedical Research of Malaga, University and Malaga, Malaga, Spain.,CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria Isabel Queipo-Ortuño
- CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain.,Department of Medical Oncology, Virgen de la Victoria University Hospital, Institute of Biomedical Research of Malaga, University and Malaga, Malaga, Spain
| | - Ana Lambertos
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology B and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain.,Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB), Murcia, Spain
| | - Francisco J Tinahones
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Virgen de la Victoria University Hospital, Institute of Biomedical Research of Malaga, University and Malaga, Malaga, Spain.,CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Rafael Peñafiel
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology B and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain.,Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB), Murcia, Spain
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosanna Tofalo
- Faculty of Bioscience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy
| | - Simone Cocchi
- Farmacie Comunali di Romano di Lombardia, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Giovanna Suzzi
- Faculty of Bioscience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy
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Yamada T, Park G, Node J, Ozaki K, Hiraiwa M, Kitaguchi Y, Kaneda K, Hiramoto S, Hinoi E. Daily intake of polyamine-rich Saccharomyces cerevisiae S631 prevents osteoclastic activation and bone loss in ovariectomized mice. Food Sci Biotechnol 2019; 28:1241-1245. [PMID: 31275725 DOI: 10.1007/s10068-019-00561-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2018] [Revised: 01/04/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
An imbalance in the sophisticated regulation between bone-resorbing osteoclasts and bone-forming osteoblasts leads to the pathogenesis and etiology of certain metabolic bone diseases including osteoporosis. Certain polyamines are related to the pathophysiology of some disorders, including Alzheimer's disease, infectious disease, cancer, and aging. Recently, we demonstrated that oral intake of polyamines (spermidine and spermine) prevented bone loss through preferential disturbance of osteoclastic activation in ovariectomy-induced mouse model of postmenopausal osteoporosis. Here, we showed that daily oral supplementation of a diet containing polyamine-rich Saccharomyces cerevisiae S631 significantly inhibited osteoclastic activation as well as reduction of bone volume in the cancellous bone without affecting uterine weight in ovariectomized mice. Our findings recommend that daily oral supplementation with polyamine-rich yeast diet would be beneficial for prophylaxis of metabolic bone diseases associated with abnormal osteoclast activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takanori Yamada
- 1Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-1192 Japan
| | - Gyujin Park
- 1Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-1192 Japan
| | - Junichi Node
- Health Care Research Center, Nisshin Pharma Inc, 5-3-1, Tsurugaoka, Fujimino-City, Saitama 356-8511 Japan
| | - Kakeru Ozaki
- 1Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-1192 Japan
| | - Manami Hiraiwa
- 1Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-1192 Japan
| | - Yuka Kitaguchi
- 1Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-1192 Japan
| | - Katsuyuki Kaneda
- 1Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-1192 Japan
| | - Shigeru Hiramoto
- Health Care Research Center, Nisshin Pharma Inc, 5-3-1, Tsurugaoka, Fujimino-City, Saitama 356-8511 Japan
| | - Eiichi Hinoi
- 1Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-1192 Japan
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Polyamines in Microalgae: Something Borrowed, Something New. Mar Drugs 2018; 17:md17010001. [PMID: 30577419 PMCID: PMC6356823 DOI: 10.3390/md17010001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2018] [Revised: 12/14/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Microalgae of different evolutionary origins are typically found in rivers, lakes, and oceans, providing more than 45% of global primary production. They provide not only a food source for animals, but also affect microbial ecosystems through symbioses with microorganisms or secretion of some metabolites. Derived from amino acids, polyamines are present in almost all types of organisms, where they play important roles in maintaining physiological functions or against stress. Microalgae can produce a variety of distinct polyamines, and the polyamine content is important to meet the physiological needs of microalgae and may also affect other species in the environment. In addition, some polyamines produced by microalgae have medical or nanotechnological applications. Previous studies on several types of microalgae have indicated that the putative polyamine metabolic pathways may be as complicated as the genomes of these organisms, which contain genes originating from plants, animals, and even bacteria. There are also several novel polyamine synthetic routes in microalgae. Understanding the nature of polyamines in microalgae will not only improve our knowledge of microalgal physiology and ecological function, but also provide valuable information for biotechnological applications.
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Pegg AE. Introduction to the Thematic Minireview Series: Sixty plus years of polyamine research. J Biol Chem 2018; 293:18681-18692. [PMID: 30377254 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.tm118.006291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Polyamines have a long history in biochemistry and physiology, dating back to 1678 when Leeuwenhoek first reported crystals that were composed of spermine phosphate in seminal fluid. Their quantification and biosynthetic pathway were first described by Herb and Celia Tabor in collaboration with Sanford Rosenthal in the late 1950s. This work led to immense interest in their physiological functions. The 11 Minireviews in this collection illustrate many of the wide-ranging biochemical effects of the polyamines. This series provides a fitting tribute to Herb Tabor on the occasion of his 100th birthday, demonstrating clearly the importance and growth of the research field that he pioneered in the late 1950s and has contributed to for many years. His studies of the synthesis, function, and toxicity of polyamines have yielded multiple insights into fundamental biochemical processes and formed the basis of successful and continuing drug development. This Minireview series reviews the highly diverse properties of polyamines in bacteria, protozoa, and mammals, highlighting the importance of these molecules in growth, development, and response to the environment, and their involvement in diseases, including cancer, and those caused by parasitic protozoans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony E Pegg
- From the Departments of Cellular and Molecular Physiology and of Pharmacology, Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania 17033
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42
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Burnat M, Li B, Kim SH, Michael AJ, Flores E. Homospermidine biosynthesis in the cyanobacteriumAnabaenarequires a deoxyhypusine synthase homologue and is essential for normal diazotrophic growth. Mol Microbiol 2018; 109:763-780. [DOI: 10.1111/mmi.14006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mireia Burnat
- Instituto de Bioquímica Vegetal y Fotosíntesis, CSIC and Universidad de Sevilla Avda. Américo Vespucio 49E‐41092Sevilla Spain
| | - Bin Li
- Department of Biochemistry University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center 5323 Harry Hines BlvdDallas TX 75390‐9041USA
| | - Sok Ho Kim
- Department of Biochemistry University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center 5323 Harry Hines BlvdDallas TX 75390‐9041USA
| | - Anthony J. Michael
- Department of Biochemistry University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center 5323 Harry Hines BlvdDallas TX 75390‐9041USA
| | - Enrique Flores
- Instituto de Bioquímica Vegetal y Fotosíntesis, CSIC and Universidad de Sevilla Avda. Américo Vespucio 49E‐41092Sevilla Spain
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Benavides MP, Groppa MD, Recalde L, Verstraeten SV. Effects of polyamines on cadmium- and copper-mediated alterations in wheat (Triticum aestivum L) and sunflower (Helianthus annuus L) seedling membrane fluidity. Arch Biochem Biophys 2018; 654:27-39. [DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2018.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2018] [Revised: 06/26/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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Igarashi K, Kashiwagi K. Effects of polyamines on protein synthesis and growth of Escherichia coli. J Biol Chem 2018; 293:18702-18709. [PMID: 30108177 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.tm118.003465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The polyamines (PA) putrescine, spermidine, and spermine have numerous roles in the growth of both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. For example, it is well known that putrescine and spermidine are strongly involved in proliferation and viability of Escherichia coli cells. Studies of polyamine functions and distributions in E. coli cells have revealed that polyamines mainly exist as an RNA-polyamine complex. Polyamines stimulate the assembly of 30S ribosomal subunits and thereby increase general protein synthesis 1.5- to 2.0-fold. Moreover, these studies have shown that polyamines stimulate synthesis of 20 different proteins at the level of translation, which are strongly involved in cell growth and viability. The genes encoding these 20 different proteins were termed as the "polyamine modulon." We here review the mechanism of activation of 30S ribosomal subunits and stimulation of specific proteins. Other functions of polyamines in E. coli are also described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuei Igarashi
- From the Amine Pharma Research Institute, Innovation Plaza at Chiba University, 1-8-15, Chuo-ku, Chiba, Chiba 260-0856 and
| | - Keiko Kashiwagi
- the Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiba Institute of Science, 15-8, Shiomi-cho, Choshi, Chiba 280-0025, Japan
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45
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Zhou T, Wang P, Yang R, Gu Z. Polyamines regulating phytic acid degradation in mung bean sprouts. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2018; 98:3299-3308. [PMID: 29239473 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.8833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2017] [Revised: 12/04/2017] [Accepted: 12/08/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polyamines are essentially involved in cell division and differentiation. Transport of polyamines is adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-dependent, while phytic acid is the major reserve of phosphate essential to the energy-producing machinery of cells. Thus polyamines might enhance phytic acid degradation during mung bean germination. In this study, different polyamines (putrescine (Put), spermidine (Spd) and spermine (Spm)) and dicyclohexylamine (DCHA, an inhibitor of Spd synthesis) were applied to investigate the function of polyamines on phytic acid degradation. RESULTS Spd exhibited the best effect at the same concentration. Simultaneously, exogenous Spd improved sprout growth and enhanced the accumulation of gibberellin acid 3 (GA3 ), indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), abscisic acid (ABA) and cytokinin (CTK). This must be due to the increased endogenous polyamine contents. Apart from dramatically reducing phytic acid content, Spd resulted in the up-regulation of PA, PAP, MIPP and ALP transcript levels and the enhancement of phytase and acid phosphatase activities. However, DCHA application caused the opposite results, because it decreased endogenous polyamine contents. Furthermore, Spd alleviated the DCHA-induced inhibitory effect to some extent. CONCLUSION Overall, polyamines, especially Spd, could accelerate phytic acid degradation in mung bean sprouts by inducing the synthesis of endogenous polyamines and phytohormones and enhancing the growth of sprouts. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Zhou
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Pei Wang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Runqiang Yang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhenxin Gu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
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Bae DH, Lane DJR, Jansson PJ, Richardson DR. The old and new biochemistry of polyamines. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2018; 1862:2053-2068. [PMID: 29890242 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2018.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2018] [Revised: 06/02/2018] [Accepted: 06/04/2018] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
Polyamines are ubiquitous positively charged amines found in all organisms. These molecules play a crucial role in many biological functions including cell growth, gene regulation and differentiation. The three major polyamines produced in all mammalian cells are putrescine, spermidine and spermine. The intracellular levels of these polyamines depend on the interplay of the biosynthetic and catabolic enzymes of the polyamine and methionine salvage pathway, as well as the involvement of polyamine transporters. Polyamine levels are observed to be high in cancer cells, which contributes to malignant transformation, cell proliferation and poor patient prognosis. Considering the critical roles of polyamines in cancer cell proliferation, numerous anti-polyaminergic compounds have been developed as anti-tumor agents, which seek to suppress polyamine levels by specifically inhibiting polyamine biosynthesis, activating polyamine catabolism, or blocking polyamine transporters. However, in terms of the development of effective anti-cancer therapeutics targeting the polyamine system, these efforts have unfortunately resulted in little success. Recently, several studies using the iron chelators, O-trensox and ICL670A (Deferasirox), have demonstrated a decline in both iron and polyamine levels. Since iron levels are also high in cancer cells, and like polyamines, are required for proliferation, these latter findings suggest a biochemically integrated link between iron and polyamine metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Hun Bae
- Molecular Pharmacology and Pathology Program, Department of Pathology and Bosch Institute, The Medical Foundation Building (K25), University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Darius J R Lane
- Melbourne Dementia Research Centre, The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Kenneth Myer Building, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia.
| | - Patric J Jansson
- Molecular Pharmacology and Pathology Program, Department of Pathology and Bosch Institute, The Medical Foundation Building (K25), University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Des R Richardson
- Molecular Pharmacology and Pathology Program, Department of Pathology and Bosch Institute, The Medical Foundation Building (K25), University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia; Department of Pathology and Biological Responses, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan.
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Murray V, Chen JK, Chung LH. The Interaction of the Metallo-Glycopeptide Anti-Tumour Drug Bleomycin with DNA. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E1372. [PMID: 29734689 PMCID: PMC5983701 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19051372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2018] [Revised: 04/24/2018] [Accepted: 04/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The cancer chemotherapeutic drug, bleomycin, is clinically used to treat several neoplasms including testicular and ovarian cancers. Bleomycin is a metallo-glycopeptide antibiotic that requires a transition metal ion, usually Fe(II), for activity. In this review, the properties of bleomycin are examined, especially the interaction of bleomycin with DNA. A Fe(II)-bleomycin complex is capable of DNA cleavage and this process is thought to be the major determinant for the cytotoxicity of bleomycin. The DNA sequence specificity of bleomycin cleavage is found to at 5′-GT* and 5′-GC* dinucleotides (where * indicates the cleaved nucleotide). Using next-generation DNA sequencing, over 200 million double-strand breaks were analysed, and an expanded bleomycin sequence specificity was found to be 5′-RTGT*AY (where R is G or A and Y is T or C) in cellular DNA and 5′-TGT*AT in purified DNA. The different environment of cellular DNA compared to purified DNA was proposed to be responsible for the difference. A number of bleomycin analogues have been examined and their interaction with DNA is also discussed. In particular, the production of bleomycin analogues via genetic manipulation of the modular non-ribosomal peptide synthetases and polyketide synthases in the bleomycin gene cluster is reviewed. The prospects for the synthesis of bleomycin analogues with increased effectiveness as cancer chemotherapeutic agents is also explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Murray
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
| | - Jon K Chen
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
| | - Long H Chung
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
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Functional characterization of murB-potABCD operon for polyamine uptake and peptidoglycan synthesis in Streptococcus suis. Microbiol Res 2018; 207:177-187. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2017.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2017] [Revised: 10/11/2017] [Accepted: 11/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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49
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Ucal S, Häkkinen MR, Alanne AL, Alhonen L, Vepsäläinen J, Keinänen TA, Hyvönen MT. Controlling of N-alkylpolyamine analogue metabolism by selective deuteration. Biochem J 2018; 475:663-676. [PMID: 29301981 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20170887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2017] [Revised: 12/27/2017] [Accepted: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Replacing protium with deuterium is an efficient method to modulate drug metabolism. N-alkylated polyamine analogues are polyamine antimetabolites with proven anticancer efficacy. We have characterized earlier the preferred metabolic routes of N1,N12-diethylspermine (DESpm), N1-benzyl-N12-ethylspermine (BnEtSpm) and N1,N12-dibenzylspermine (DBSpm) by human recombinant spermine oxidase (SMOX) and acetylpolyamine oxidase (APAO). Here, we studied the above analogues, their variably deuterated counterparts and their metabolites as substrates and inhibitors of APAO, SMOX, semicarbazide-sensitive amine oxidase (SSAO), diamine oxidase (DAO) and monoamine oxidases. We found that targeted deuteration efficiently redirected the preferable cleavage site and suppressed reaction rate by APAO and SMOX in vitro We found a three- to six-fold decline in Vmax with moderate variable effect on Km when deuterium was located at the preferred hydrogen abstraction site of the analogue. We also found some of the metabolites to be potent inhibitors of DAO and SSAO. Surprisingly, analogue deuteration did not markedly alter the anti-proliferative efficacy of the drugs in DU145 prostate cancer cells, while in mouse embryonic fibroblasts, which had higher basal APAO and SMOX activities, moderate effect was observed. Interestingly, the anti-proliferative efficacy of the analogues did not correlate with their ability to suppress polyamine biosynthetic enzymes, induce spermidine/spermine-N1-acetyltransferase or deplete intracellular polyamine levels, but correlated with their ability to induce SMOX. Our data show that selective deuteration of N-alkyl polyamine analogues enables metabolic switching, offering the means for selective generation of bioactive metabolites inhibiting, e.g. SSAO and DAO, thus setting a novel basis for in vivo studies of this class of analogues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebahat Ucal
- School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Biocenter Kuopio, Yliopistonranta 1B, FI-70210 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Merja R Häkkinen
- School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Biocenter Kuopio, Yliopistonranta 1B, FI-70210 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Aino-Liisa Alanne
- School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Biocenter Kuopio, Yliopistonranta 1B, FI-70210 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Leena Alhonen
- School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Biocenter Kuopio, Yliopistonranta 1B, FI-70210 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Jouko Vepsäläinen
- School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Biocenter Kuopio, Yliopistonranta 1B, FI-70210 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Tuomo A Keinänen
- School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Biocenter Kuopio, Yliopistonranta 1B, FI-70210 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Mervi T Hyvönen
- School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Biocenter Kuopio, Yliopistonranta 1B, FI-70210 Kuopio, Finland
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Handa AK, Fatima T, Mattoo AK. Polyamines: Bio-Molecules with Diverse Functions in Plant and Human Health and Disease. Front Chem 2018; 6:10. [PMID: 29468148 PMCID: PMC5807879 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2018.00010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 141] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2017] [Accepted: 01/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Biogenic amines-polyamines (PAs), particularly putrescine, spermidine and spermine are ubiquitous in all living cells. Their indispensable roles in many biochemical and physiological processes are becoming commonly known, including promoters of plant life and differential roles in human health and disease. PAs positively impact cellular functions in plants-exemplified by increasing longevity, reviving physiological memory, enhancing carbon and nitrogen resource allocation/signaling, as well as in plant development and responses to extreme environments. Thus, one or more PAs are commonly found in genomic and metabolomics studies using plants, particulary during different abiotic stresses. In humans, a general decline in PA levels with aging occurs parallel with some human health disorders. Also, high PA dose is detrimental to patients suffering from cancer, aging, innate immunity and cognitive impairment during Alzheimer and Parkinson diseases. A dichotomy exists in that while PAs may increase longevity and reduce some age-associated cardiovascular diseases, in disease conditions involving higher cellular proliferation, their intake has negative consequences. Thus, it is essential that PA levels be rigorously quantified in edible plant sources as well as in dietary meats. Such a database can be a guide for medical experts in order to recommend which foods/meats a patient may consume and which ones to avoid. Accordingly, designing both high and low polyamine diets for human consumption are in vogue, particularly in medical conditions where PA intake may be detrimental, for instance, cancer patients. In this review, literature data has been collated for the levels of the three main PAs, putrescine, spermidine and spermine, in different edible sources-vegetables, fruits, cereals, nuts, meat, sea food, cheese, milk, and eggs. Based on our analysis of vast literature, the effects of PAs in human/animal health fall into two broad, Yang and Yin, categories: beneficial for the physiological processes in healthy cells and detrimental under pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avtar K. Handa
- Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
| | - Tahira Fatima
- Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
| | - Autar K. Mattoo
- Sustainable Agricultural Systems Laboratory, Henry A. Wallace Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, Agricultural Research Service (ARS-USDA), Beltsville, MD, United States
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